User Manual
Contents
1. The Lane Closure Schedule option determines the hours during the day when lanes can be closed without causing excessive queuing Excessive queuing may be defined in terms of a critical length of queue in miles or a maximum acceptable delay in minutes The default length of queue is 2 miles and the default delay is 20 minutes The default values are based on urban freeway with continuous frontage roads in Texas Present Value Definition of excessive queuing 1 Critical length of queue miles 2 Maximum acceptable delay minutes Critical length of queue miles 1 0 99 9 miles are acceptable Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 12 Definition of Excessive Queuing Screen The user may define excessive queuing in terms of either 1 a critical length of queue in miles or 2 a maximum acceptable delay to motorists in minutes The program provides a default value for the definition specified a critical length of queue of 2 miles or a maximum acceptable delay of 20 minutes The user may either accept the present value or enter a new value 23 Description of Lane Closure Configuration The screen shown in Figure 13 is provided so that the user may define the lane closure configurations for which acceptable time schedules are desired Lane Closure Configuration VIVID The Lane Closure Schedule option evaluates lane closure config2. 100xE BEGIN END BEGIN END i INBOUND The control data include the lane closure configuration the schedule of work activity and the values for the model constants There are two lines of control data The control data that is provided depends upon the output option selected as described previously The remaining lines of input contain the traffic volume data The AADT input option requires only one line of data whereas the directional hourly volume option 36 requires two lines of data for each direction in which lanes are closed Either of the traffic volume input options can be used with both of the output options 37 4 QUEWZ 92 OUTPUT QUEWZ 92 will provide output in either of two forms at the user s request 1 road user cost output and 2 lane closure schedule output The contents and format of both types of output are described in this section ROAD USER COST OUTPUT The road user cost output consists of estimates of traffic conditions volumes capacities speeds and queue lengths at the work zone and additional road user costs for each hour during which traffic conditions are affected by the lane closure The output is divided into four parts input data summary summary of user costs summary of traffic conditions and summary of traffic volumes The summary of input data documents the lane closure configuration traffic parameters and schedule of work activity analyzed by the model The summary of
3. Adjustment factors were computed for freeways in Houston and were included in the model to estimate directional hourly volumes for a specified day of the week and month from the AADT Another version of the mainframe model QUEWZ412 was developed for use in TxDOT Study 2 6 85 412 7 QUEWZ412 was used to estimate the additional road user costs per day resulting from the delayed completion of construction projects The principal modification was the addition of an algorithm that accounted for the diversion of traffic away from the freeway in response to the queues and delays caused by the work zone lane closure The adjustment factors for estimating directional hourly volumes from AADT were changed to represent the average hourly distribution of traffic at automatic traffic recorder stations on urban and rural Interstates in Texas QUEWZ3 was developed as part of TxDOT Study 2 8 87 8 1108 and documented in a technical memorandum 8 to TxDOT It consolidates the enhancements included in QUEWZ2 and QUEWZ412 into one program In addition the default values for several model constants were updated QUEWZ3 PC a microcomputer version of the mainframe model QUEWZ3 was developed by TTI for the Florida Department of Transportation in 1989 9 Version 2 of QUEWZ3 PC included several enhancements primarily to the input and output features of the original microcomputer version 70 Version 3 of QUEWZ3 PC included additional enhancements to simplify the m
4. for all Screen 2 and 3 must be edited Figure 21 Edit Menu Screen for Lane Closure Schedule Option Users may specify which data input screens they wish to edit Screens are identified that must be edited when either the output or volume data input options were 32 changed in the Model Options screen The user may either enter selected screen numbers separated by spaces to edit individual screens or enter to edit all screens If the input file is being changed from the road user cost option to the lane closure schedule option then at least edit menu items 2 and 3 should be selected as shown in the figure Similarly changing volume input options requires item 4 to be selected Note that item 4 will show the volume data input option previously selected on the Model Options screen After all of the selected screens have been edited the program returns to the edit menu The user may reedit specified items or select item 5 to quit editing When edit menu item 5 is selected the user is given the opportunity to save the edited file before returning to the main menu Saving the Edited Input Data File Figure 22 is displayed when the edit menu is exited to allow the user to save the edited file Do you wish to save the data file Y N Y Current Case Title SAMPLE INPUT DATA FILE Press Enter to keep it or type a new title maximum 50 characters Title name Press Enter to overwrite on the old file or type a new
5. the percentage of heavy vehicles specified in the Model Constants screen The user may either accept or change the present values If the user specifies Y es to change the present work zone capacity then one or two screens are presented to enter new values for the adjustment factors and recalculate the capacity Two screens are presented if lanes are closed in two directions and the user answers Y es to specify different capacities in both directions Otherwise only one screen is presented 20 If the user responds Nlo they do not want to change the present work zone capacity then the program moves to the traffic volume input screen corresponding to the volume data input option specified on the Model Options screen Figure 10 illustrates the screen used to calculate the work zone capacity using the procedure presented in Research Report 1108 5 12 The user may enter new values for the adjustment factors for the type and intensity of work activity 1 the presence of ramps R and the passenger car equivalent of heavy vehicles E The percentage of heavy vehicles specified in the Model Constants screen is used 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 Work Zone Capacity Both Directions 3 31 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 9 3 3 The following equations are used to estimate the capacity per open lane C through the work zone 1600 pcphpl I R H and H 100 100 P E 1 gt The current P value percentag
6. 4 Main Menu Screen Eight basic functions are available A function may be selected by typing its number and then striking the Enter key Items 1 and 2 are menu driven procedures for creating and editing data files to be analyzed using QUEWZ 92 Item 3 runs QUEWZ 92 using a previously created data file specified by the user Items 4 and 5 are file utilities to view a directory and to view a file on the screen Item 6 prints tabular output and Item 7 displays graphical lane closure schedule output on the screen Item 8 exits the program 13 Main Menu Item 1 Creating an Input Data File Main menu item 1 initiates a series of screens to assist the user in supplying the data necessary to create a new input data file Each data entry screen has the basic structure illustrated in Figure 2 The mechanics of entering data are straightforward The user may retain the present value for the input data element by pressing the Enter key The user may supply a new value by entering it i e typing the value and then pressing the Enter key in the New Value column The cursor automatically advances to the proper position in the New Value column corresponding to the next input data element The values for certain input data elements are uniquely determined by values specified for preceding elements In these cases the program automatically enters the appropriate values and advances the cursor beyond those elements After completing the data entries on
7. AE B B RCE BORG OOOOOOOOOOOO HOVO AOUPBLUNHN BE SA HEBRBABAAAHHSB EEN K N tte te tot DY OUD DULD Y DY PR R R R BR R R B RoB OOOOOOOOOOOO hh PR the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 16 Directional Hourly Volume Data Screen For situations where the lane closure is in one direction only this screen appears once If closures are in both directions then two screens one for each direction are displayed sequentially The lane closure schedule option requires data for 24 consecutive hours The road user cost option requires data from the hour the lane closure begins to the hour the lane closure ends However data should also be provided for 1 2 hours after the lane closure ends to accommodate queuing that may linger after the closure is removed 27 This screen allows the use of the Up and Down arrow keys to move around the screen and change volume data entries AADT Volume Data Figure 17 is displayed to enter volume data when the AADT option is specified on the Model Options screen AADT Volume Data 3 QUEWZ 92 estimates directional hourly traffic volumes from the AADT of the roadway using directional hourly distribution factors based upon the day of the week and the location of the work zone urban or rural Present New Value Value Information to use the AADT option Day of week 1 Sunday 2 Monday Location of Work Zone 1 U
8. Station TX 1992 C L Dudek R D Huchingson R J Koppa and M L Edwards Human Factors Requirements for Real Time Motorist Information Displays Volume 10 Human Factors Evaluation of Traffic State Descriptor Variables Report FHWA RD 78 14 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1978 S Z Levine and R J Kabat Planning and Operation of Urban Highway Work Zones Transportation Research Record 979 1984 pp 1 6 R W Denney and S Z Levine Developing a Scheduling Tool for Work Zones on Houston Freeways Transportation Research Record 979 1984 pp 7 11 D H Roper R F Zimowski and A W lwamasa Diversion of Freeway Traffic in Los Angeles It Worked Transportation Research Record 957 1984 pp 1 4 Addendum to Chapter 3 of the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual Transportation Research Board Washington DC 1991 44
9. and schedule of work activity or 2 lane closure schedules indicating acceptable times for closing a given number of lanes Next the user is asked to select between demand volume data input options 1 providing directional hourly volumes or 2 providing an AADT volume and allowing QUEWZ 92 to estimate the hourly volumes from the hourly and directional adjustment factors in Appendix A 16 Model Constants The second preliminary screen displayed when creating a new data file is the Model Constants screen in Figure 6 Model Constants 3 QUEWZ 92 uses a series of model constants for various calculations Either the default values provided below may be used or new values mayl be specified that better represent local conditions Present Cost Update Factor Percentage of Heavy Vehicles gt Speed Volume Relationship Free Flow Speed mph LOS D E Breakpoint Speed mph Speed at Capacity mph LOS D E Breakpoint Volume vphpl gt 1850 Volume at Capacity vphpl Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 6 Model Constants Screen This screen allows the user to either accept the model default values or specify new values for several model constants When creating a new data file default values are provided in the Present Value column and may be accepted by pressing the Enter key Alternatively the user may change the value in the d
10. be changed only on the Model Constants screen After the values have been entered the program calculates the per lane work zone capacity Note that the per lane capacity can be adjusted properly only by changing R P and E values Next the program moves to the traffic volume input screen corresponding to the input option specified on the Model Options screen 26 Traffic Volume Input Screens Either Figure 16 for directional hourly volume data or Figure 17 for AADT data will be presented next depending on the volume input option selected on the Model Options screen Directional Hourly Volume Data 3 3 3 3 3 Directional Hourly Volume Data Inbound D D Volume data are required at least for the time period during which lanes are closed Up and Down arrow keys may be used to move about the screen Present New Present New Value Value Value Value las o E H n o E H Pp 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 11 00 12 00 933 5 5 5 372 275 340 903 3312 4674 4517 3537 3288 3863 m 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 10 00 11 00 12 00 3819 3873 3868 4327 3277 5033 4903 3894 3274 2425 2451 2198 WOWDWIHUBPWNHE WOWDAWTHUPWNHE 2 ds 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 DEP N ARE DIR EE N HEBBABAAAHASB EEN N N N N tt bt tot se Es ee P PoR
11. intensity of work activity of 80 pcphpl reflecting a work activity of less than average intensity TABLE 5 INPUT DATA FILE FOR EXAMPLE 3 EXAMPLE 3 1 CONTROL DATA CASE DIREC CUF TR SPEED i VOLUME TOTAL LANE WORKZONE OPEN LANE NO TION UCK FREE D E CAP DIE CAP LENGTH IN 1400 2200 CAP REDUCTION WORK HOUR MAXQ CLEN DIRECTION CAP END 1570 Appendix B contains the output for Example 3 QUEWZ 92 estimates additional road user costs of approximately 78 000 for this work zone and large volumes of traffic diverting from the freeway 1500 2300 vehicles per hour 42 REFERENCES Highway Capacity Manual Special Report 209 Transportation Research Board Washington DC 1985 J L Memmott The HEEM II Benefit Cost Computer Program Report No FHWA TX 92 1128 1F Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1991 M K Chui and W F McFarland The Value of Travel Time New Estimates Developed Using a Speed Choice Model Report No FHWA TX 86 33 396 2F Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1986 J L Memmott and C L Dudek A Model to Calculate the Road User Costs at Work Zones Report No FHWA TX 87 20 292 1 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1982 R A Krammes B G Marsden and C L Dudek Microcomputer Tool for Freeway Work Zone Planning and Scheduling ASCE Journal of Transportation Engineering Volume 113 Number 4 July 1987
12. maintains a uniform speed equal to the length of the alternative route divided by the travel time and 4 trucks do not divert The additional costs for diverting traffic are included in the total additional road user costs resulting from the freeway work zone lane closure DEVELOPMENT HISTORY The original version of QUEWZ was developed in 1982 at the Texas Transportation Institute TTI as part of TxDOT Study No 2 18 81 292 and was documented in Research Report 292 1 4 The original model operated on a mainframe computer and provided estimates of traffic speeds queue lengths and additional road user costs resulting from a work zone lane closure whose time schedule and lane configuration were specified by the user QUEWZ 85 is a microcomputer program developed at TxDOT that is similar to but not an exact replication of QUEWZ 5 An enhanced version of the mainframe model QUEWZ2 was developed at TTI under Interagency Contract 84 85 0413 with the then Houston Urban Office of TxDOT and was documented in TTI Report 0187 1 6 Two enhancements were incorporated into QUEWZ2 1 an input option that allowed the traffic volume data requirements of the model to be satisfied by providing an Annual Average Daily Traffic AADT volume rather 3 than directional hourly volumes and 2 an output option that provides a schedule of the times of day during which a particular number of lanes may be closed without causing excessive queuing and delay
13. user costs tabulates the additional road user costs during each hour of the day for each direction in which lanes are closed The summary of traffic conditions tabulates the approach volume capacity approach speed work zone speed and average queue length during each hour affected by the work zone A one page summary is printed for each direction in which lanes are closed Finally the summary of traffic volumes documents the estimates of the volume remaining on the freeway and the volume diverting from the freeway from the diversion algorithm A one page summary is printed for each direction in which lanes are closed LANE CLOSURE SCHEDULE OUTPUT The lane closure schedule output summarizes the hours of the day during which a given number of lanes can be closed without causing excessive queuing Output is provided in both tabular and graphical form The tabular output includes an input data summary and a table of acceptable lane closure schedules for each direction specified by the user The input data summary is similar to the road user cost output option a one page summary of the lane closure configuration and traffic parameters for the work zone that was analyzed The table of acceptable lane closure schedules indicates the hour to which work activity can continue without causing excessive queues from any starting hour and for each possible number of closed lanes Schedules are provided on separate pages for each direction The graphical o
14. If the user indicates Y es to engage the diversion algorithm then two alternatives for defining excessive queuing are provided Excessive queuing may be defined in terms of either 1 a critical length of queue in miles or 2 a maximum acceptable delay to motorists in minutes The default is a queue length of 2 miles for selection 1 and a delay of 20 minutes for selection 2 18 Description of Lane Closure Configuration The road user cost option requires a description of the lane closure configuration for which additional road user costs are to be estimated The screen illustrated in Figure 8 requests the required information Lane Closure Configuration The lane closure configuration is specified by the number of directions in which lanes are closed the total number of lanes and number of lanes open in each direction and the length of the work zone lane closure Present New Value Value Number of directions Total lanes 2 6 are acceptable Open Lanes Inbound 1 2 are acceptable Outbound 1 2 are acceptable Length of the lane closure miles Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 8 Lane Closure Configuration Screen for the Road User Cost Output Option The user specifies the number of directions i e directional roadways of the freeway in which lanes are closed the total number of lanes that normall
15. T volume option uses two sets of adjustment factors one for urban freeways and the other for rural freeways to estimate directional hourly volumes from the AADT input These factors represent the average daily hourly and directional variations in traffic volumes on Interstate highways in Texas The factors were computed using October 1985 data from automatic traffic recorder stations on Interstate highways in Texas 37 stations in urban areas and 13 in rural areas Therefore the estimated directional hourly volumes reflect only the average distribution of traffic volumes on urban and rural Interstates in Texas and not the unique traffic patterns of the particular location being analyzed Appendix A shows the assumed hourly and directional distributions DEFAULT VALUES FOR MODEL CONSTANTS The user may supply alternative values to the default values provided for the following model constants Cost update factor Percentage of trucks Speed volume relationship Work zone capacity and Definition of excessive queuing Cost Update Factor The cost update factor adjusts the road user costs for the effect of inflation It is computed from the Consumer Price Index for the month of interest by using the equation Consumer Price Index Cost Update Factor 130 7 The 130 7 in the denominator is the Consumer Price Index value for 1990 because all of the cost equations in the model are expressed in 1990 dollars The user ma
16. Technical Report Standard Title Page 1 Report No 2 Government Accession No 3 Recipient s Catalog No FHWA TX 92 1108 7 4 Title and Subtitle 5 Report Date January 1993 A 7 Author s 8 Performing Organization Report No Raymond A Krammes Gerald L Ullman Jeffery L Research Report 1108 7 Memmott Conrad L Dudek ee 9 Performing Organization Name and Address Texas Transportation Institute EE The Texas A amp M University System College Station Texas 77843 3135 12 Sponsoring Agency and Address 13 Type of Report and Period Covered Texas Department of Transportation Interim Report September Transportation Planning Division 1986 August 1992 P O Box 5051 14 Sponsoring Agency Code 15 Supplementary Notes This study was conducted in cooperation with the U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Study Title Traffic Pattern Assessment and Road User Delay Costs Resulting from Roadway Construction Options 16 Abstract QUEWZ 92 is a microcomputer analysis tool for planning and scheduling use in freeway work zone lane closures It analyzes traffic conditions on a freeway segment with and without a lane closure in place and provides estimates of the additional road user costs and of the queuing resulting from a work zone lane closure The road user costs calculated include travel time and vehicle operating costs This report is a user s manual for QUEWZ 92 After describing the capabilities and
17. UME TOTAL LANE WORKZONE OPEN LANE NO TION UCK FREE D E CAP DIE CAP LENGTH IN 1850 2000 CAP REDUCTION WORK HOUR MAXQ CLEN DIRECTION CAP P 100xE BEGIN END BEGIN END 1515 The output for Example 2 is provided in Appendix B This closure would produce additional road user costs of approximately 102 000 in the inbound direction and 104 000 in the outbound direction It is estimated that large volumes of traffic ranging from 800 to 1300 vehicles per hour would divert from the freeway 41 EXAMPLE 3 Example 3 illustrates the road user cost output option and the use of alternative values for several model constants The data file for Example 3 is provided in Table 5 The diversion algorithm is engaged and excessive queuing is defined as a 15 min delay to motorists The closure of 2 of 3 lanes in the inbound direction is specified The hours of both the closure and work activity are 9 00 a m to 3 00 p m The percentage of heavy vehicles is specified as 10 percent The parameters defining the speed flow relationship are specified to reflect the interim recommendations of the Transportation Research Board Committee on Highway Capacity and Quality of Service 18 free flow speed 60 mph LOS D E breakpoint speed 60 mph speed at capacity 55 mph LOS D E breakpoint volume 1 400 vphpl and volume at capacity 2 200 vphpl The work zone capacity is estimated using an adjustment for the type and
18. a screen the user is given three options return to the main menu Esc re enter data R or advance to the next screen Enter The program checks whether new values entered by the user are feasible The program cannot determine whether or not entered values are absolutely correct but only whether or not the values are feasible given previously entered data If an error is detected the cursor will not advance to the next input data element until an acceptable value is entered For example the hour during which the lane closure begins may be between 0 and 23 in military time therefore a value of 30 is not feasible and would not be accepted After the user has accepted a value for a data element by pressing the Enter key and the program has moved to the next input data element the user is not allowed to move back to a previous data element to change its value with only one exception Movement among the data elements on a screen is limited so that the values specified for interrelated elements may be checked for feasibility If an error is made entering data or achange is desired then the user must complete the screen and select the R re entry option The one exception is the directional hourly volume data screen within which the Up and Down arrow keys may be used to move back and forth among already entered hourly volumes Sequence of Screens The screens presented for creating a new input data file include Preliminary screens A se
19. a second graphical output file for which a name is requested The input file name is provided as the default name for the output and graphical output files Default extensions are provided for the output file OUT and for the graphical output file GPH The default drive and directory to which the output file is saved is the drive and directory from which O92MENU was called If the user wishes to save the output elsewhere then the drive and directory should be specified along with the output file name Main Menu Item 4 Viewing a Directory of Files Item 4 is a file utility that allows the user to view a directory of files on the screen without exiting QQ2MENU and returning to DOS When Item 4 is requested the user is asked to specify the diskette drive or hard drive subdirectory whose file directory is desired Wild card characteristics may be used to list a subset of files 34 Main Menu Item 5 Viewing a File on the Screen Item 5 enables the user to view a file on the screen Any ASCII text file can be viewed in this way including a QUEWZ 92 input or output file When Item 5 is requested the user is asked to specify the name of the file to be displayed on the computer monitor The default drive and directory is the one from which O92MENU was called If the desired file is in that drive and directory then only the file name must be specified If however the file to be viewed is in a different drive or directory then the comple
20. ane closure schedule output option uses the same work zone capacity screens as the road user cost option For the user s convenience however these screens are repeated First Figure 14 is presented which describes the capacity estimation procedure and identifies the present values for the work zone capacity Work Zone Capacity The following equations are used to estimate the capacity per open lane C through the work zone 1600 pcphpl I R H and H 100 100 P E 1 The base capacity of 1600 pcphpl is adjusted for the work type and intensity I the presence of ramps R and the presence of heavy vehicles H The value H is based on the percentage of heavy vehicles P and the passenger car equivalent for heavy vehicles E Present Values for Work Zone Capacity Inbound direction vphpl Do you want to change the present work zone capacity Y N Y Figure 14 Work Zone Capacity Screen The present values are based upon default values for the factors 0 R 0 E 1 7 and P the percentage of heavy vehicles specified in the Model Constants screen The user may either accept or change the present values If the user specifies Y es to change the present work zone capacity then one or two screens are presented to enter new values for the adjustment factors and recalculate the capacity Two screens are presented if lanes are closed in two directions and the
21. ata file by entering it in the New Value column Chapter 2 provides a detailed discussion of each model constant and the basis for the default values 17 Screens for Road User Cost Output Option Diversion Algorithm When the road user cost output option is selected the first screen that appears after the two preliminary screens is the Diversion Algorithm screen Figure 7 Diversion Algorithm The diversion algorithm diverts traffic when queuing exceeds a critical length The default length of queue is 2 miles based on a ramp spacing of 0 4 miles and 5 ramps engulfed in queue on average An alternative is to compute a critical length based on a maximum acceptable delay in minutes for which the default is 20 minutes The default values are based on data collected on urban freeways with continuous frontage roads in Texas For rural areas the diversion algorithm is not recommended Present Value Basis for Diversion Algorithm 1 or 2 1 Critical length of queue miles 2 Maximum acceptable delay minutes Critical length of queue 1 0 99 9 miles are acceptable Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 7 Diversion Algorithm Screen This screen allows the user to choose whether or not to engage the diversion algorithm The diversion algorithm computes how much traffic must divert from the freeway to avoid excessive queuing
22. be edited The road user cost and lane closure schedule output options have different edit menus Next the data entry screens requested in the edit menu screen are presented for editing These screens are the same ones used to create a new input data file except that the present values are the values in the existing data file rather than the original default values After the editing process has been completed a screen is provided for saving the edited data file Finally the program returns to the main menu Edit an Existing Input Data File When main menu item 2 is selected from the main menu the user is asked to name the existing input data file to be edited Then the editing process begins with the Model Options screen illustrated in Figure 19 Model Options QUEWZ 92 has two output options 1 road user cost estimates for a specified lane closure configuration and schedule of work activities and 2 acceptable lane closure schedules for all possible lane closure configurations The user may also select between two volume data input options 1 directional hourly volume data and 2 AADT volumes Present New Value Value Output Options 1 or 2 1 1 Road user cost estimates 2 Lane closure schedules Volume Data Input Options 1 or 2 gt 2 1 Directional hourly volume 2 AADT volume Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 19 Edit Mod
23. c volume that must divert to avoid excessive queuing The lane closure schedule option identifies acceptable schedules i e the times of day when a specific number of lanes can be closed without causing excessive queuing for each lane closure configuration The default critical length of queue is 2 0 miles which is based upon an average ramp spacing of 0 4 miles and an average maximum of 5 ramps engulfed in queue These averages are based upon diversion studies at temporary freeway work zone lane closures on urban freeways with continuous frontage roads in Texas 13 The default maximum acceptable delay is 20 minutes which was the average maximum value observed during the same diversion studies 73 Several other sources have also identified 20 minutes as a level of delay that the average motorist considers excessive and as a maximum acceptable delay for planning and scheduling work zone operations 14 17 3 MECHANICS OF USING QUEWZ 92 QUEWZ 92 operates on IBM compatible DOS based microcomputers with an EGA or VGA monitor a minimum of 640K RAM and a disk drive configuration that includes at least one 5 4 inch floppy diskette drive A menu driven procedure O92MENU simplifies the process of creating a data file and running QUEWZ 92 Q92MENU provides menu driven procedures for creating editing and listing data files running QUEWZ 92 viewing input and output files on the monitor and printing output A data file may also be created and
24. describes the model output Chapter 5 presents three sample applications of the model CAPABILITIES OF QUEWZ 92 QUEWZ 92 compares traffic flows through a freeway segment with and without a work zone lane closure and estimates the changes in traffic flow characteristics average speeds and queue lengths and road user costs resulting from the lane closure The model can be applied to freeway facilities or multilane divided highways with as many as six lanes in each direction and can analyze work zones with any number of lanes closed in either one or both directions The model can analyze 24 consecutive hours of operation Output Options QUEWZ 92 has two output options The road user cost option and The lane closure schedule option The road user cost output option analyzes a user specified lane closure configuration and schedule of work activities The output consists of estimates of traffic volumes capacities speeds queue lengths and additional road user costs for each hour affected by the lane closure A diversion algorithm may be used with this option to estimate the volume of traffic that might divert from the freeway in response to work zone related delays The lane closure schedule option summarizes the hours of the day when a given number of lanes can be closed without causing excessive queuing The user may define what constitutes excessive queuing This option evaluates each possible number of closed lanes For example w
25. e Main Menit SOI Msi Model Options Screen EE EE Re ee Model Constants Screen su ogni tds Diversion Algorithm Screen o o ooocccccocccco ee Lane Closure Configuration Screen for the Road User C st CUTOUT ODT OIM durara alicia did di ca bese Work Zone Capacity Screen EE EE eee o Work Zone Capacity Calculation Screen o oooooooooo o Schedule of Work Activity Screen 000 eee eee Definition of Excessive Queuing Screen a an annaa eee eee Lane Closure Configuration Screen for the Lane Closure Schedule Output Option 0 2002 Work Zone Capacity Screen 0c ee Work Zone Capacity Calculation Screen o o ooooooooooo Directional Hourly Volume Data Screen 0000 eee AADT Volume Data Screen ooocccccocccoco es ke ee ed Screen for Saving the Created Input Data File Edit Model Options Screen 22 reia Edit Menu Screen for Road User Cost Option Xx Figure 21 22 A 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 A 7 A 8 A 9 A 10 A 11 A 12 A 13 A 14 Edit Menu Screen for Lane Closure Schedule Option 33 Screen for Saving the Edited Input Data File 34 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Sunday 220000 ee eee 45 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Monday 200000 eee 45 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Tuesday 2000 ee eee 46 Hourly Distribut
26. e of heavy vehicles is 8 To change the value use the Model Constants screen Present New Value Value Adjustment for the type and intensity gt 0 of work activity 160 to 160 pcphpll Adjustment for the presence of ramps gt O to 160 pcphpll Passenger car equivalent veh pc Per lane capacity vphpl Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 10 Work Zone Capacity Calculation Screen The user is prompted for R and E values The percentage of heavy vehicles can be changed only on the Model Constants screen After the values have been entered the program calculates the per lane work zone capacity Note that the per lane capacity can be adjusted properly only by changing l R P and E values Next the program moves to the traffic volume input screen corresponding to the volume data input option specified on the Model Options screen 21 Schedule of Work Activity Figure 11 illustrates the screen displayed to obtain the necessary data on the schedule of work activity for the road user cost option Schedule of Work Activity The Road User Cost option evaluates a time schedule specifying when lanes are closed and when work activity is actually underway Work activity may be conducted during any part or all of the time that lanes are closed Present Value Hour lane closure begins 0 23 are acceptab
27. e required file related information Description of Data Figure 2 Data Entry Screen Format 11 Introductory Screen After Q92MENU is called the introductory screen is automatically displayed This screen presents a simple introductory message to the user as shown in Figure 3 The user may press any key to move to the next screen which is the main menu 22000000 U EEEEEEEE ZZZZZZZZ 9999999 2222222 Q Q U E ZZ 99 99 22 Q Q U EEEE ZZ 9999999 2222222 Q 090 U E ZZ 99 22 00000000 UUUUUUUU EEEEEEEE WW WW ZZZZZZZZ 9999999 2222222 OO January 1993 developed by Texas Transportation Institute The Texas A amp M University System sponsored by Texas Department of Transportation amp Florida Department of Transportation in cooperation with U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Press any key to continue Figure 3 QUEWZ 92 Introductory Screen 12 Main Menu Program operations are coordinated through the main menu illustrated in Figure 4 which is displayed immediately after the introductory screen 6444444444444444444447 5Main Menu QUEWZ 92 5 9444444444444444444448 lt Create a New Input Data File lt Edit an Existing Input Data File lt Run QUEWZ 92 lt View Directory of Files lt View a File on the Screen lt Print a File lt Display a Lane Closure Schedule lt Quit Which Option Would You Like Figure
28. edited using most text editors or word processing packages and a blank data file is provided on the QUEWZ 92 system diskette for that purpose All files required to run the program are provided on one 360K floppy diskette The files on the QUEWZ 92 system diskette are summarized in Table 1 TABLE 1 NAME AND DESCRIPTION OF FILES ON QUEWZ 92 SYSTEM DISKETTE FILE NAME DESCRIPTION README Summary of program features INSTALL BAT Utility to install QUEWZ 92 on your computer QUEWZ92 EXE Executable QUEWZ 92 program Q92MENU EXE Menu driven input processor FSCREEN EXE First screen called by QU2MENU DISPLAY EXE Graphics program for displaying lane closure schedule DATAFILE Blank data file EX1 DAT Example data set 1 EX2 DAT Example data set 2 EX3 DAT Example data set 3 HOW TO INSTALL An INSTALL BAT file is provided for creating a directory and copying the contents of the system diskette to that directory The syntax of the install command is as follows INSTALL lt source gt lt destination gt The source is the drive containing the QUEWZ 92 system diskette The destination is the drive and directory where the system files should be stored To call O92MENU from any drive you should also modify your AUTOEXEC BAT file to specify the path as the destination drive and directory The README file provides additional instructions For example if the system diskette is in drive A and you want to save QUEWZ 92 in a new hard drive CAQUEWZ the
29. ee Main Menu ltem 4 Viewing a Directory of Files Main Menu Item 5 Viewing a File on the Screen Main Menu Item 6 Printing a File oo o oooooo Main Menu ltem 7 Displaying a Lane Closure Schedule DATA FILEFORMAT 605 A i on he ed we vil WOWNNN al OO N Y Y 0 0 O UU Ol QUEWZ 92 OUTPUT ee eed es Be er ed or jalapa aleros aa lag a 38 ROAD USER COST OUTPUT oe Vee Dk og ace Shoe DRR DE DRR dere 38 LANE CLOSURE SCHEDULE OUTPUT occ 38 EXAMPLES cris da e AAA AA DRS GE Re EE ES 39 EXAMPLES Sara A 39 EXAMPLE sce ai as ak a a oi De o o ds od Ah 40 EXAMPLES 0 a A ee es 41 REFERENCE Srta tl ewe Gee tdt 42 APPENDIX A HOURLY AND DIRECTIONAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF AADT BY DAY OF WEEK AND LOCATION URBAN RURAL 44 APPENDIX B EXAMPLE QUEWZ 92 OUTPUT 56 viii LIST OF TABLES Name and Description of Files on QUEWZ 92 System Diskette 10 Input Data File Format rl KEES BEER EES EG EET 37 Input Data File for Example 1 ii EE EE ES Ee sk eee 39 Input Data File for Example 2 tes be ee ee be eter be Be er SE Ee 40 Input Data File for Example 3 i e EE EE EE EE sk ee ee dd 41 Figure 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 LIST OF FIGURES Speed Volume Relationship Used in QUEWZ 92 Data Entry Screen RO Maio op RE SEE HE SS EE SR ar tse rahe QUEWZ 92 Introductory Screen 200 EE ee se e
30. el Options Screen 30 First the user is given the choice of changing from the output option currently specified in the data file to the other output option To retain the present output option the user should press the Enter key The sample screen in Figure 19 illustrates the output option being changed from option 2 to option 1 Next the user is given the choice of changing from the traffic volume data input option currently specified in the data file to the other input option To retain the present volume data input option the user should press the Enter key Edit Menu for Road User Cost Option Figure 20 will be displayed if the input data file was for the road user cost option and that option was not changed in the previous screen or if the user specified a change from the lane closure schedule option to the road user cost option 3 3 3 3 Edit Menu for Road User Cost Option 3 31 3 3 3 9 3 3 lt Model Constants lt Engage Disengage Diversion Algorithm lt Lane Closure Configuration Work Zone Capacity lt Schedule of Work Activity 5 lt AADT Volume Data 6 lt Quit Edit Menu Enter screen s separated by space for all Screen 2 3 and 4 must be edited Figure 20 Edit Menu Screen for Road User Cost Option Users may specify which data input screens they wish to edit Screens are identified that must be edited when either
31. enu driven user interface 11 QUEWZ 92 enhances QUEWZ3 PC Version 3 The principal new features are 1 new work zone capacity estimating procedures and 2 new default values for the diversion algorithm The data collection and analysis upon which these new features are based is documented in Research Reports 1108 5 72 and 1108 6 73 2 INPUT DATA REQUIREMENTS The input data requirements of QUEWZ 92 depend upon the output option that is desired Some or all of the following data may be required The lane closure configuration The schedule of work activity The traffic volumes approaching the freeway segment and Alternative values to the defaults provided for various model constants LANE CLOSURE CONFIGURATION The lane closure configuration is described by The number of directional roadways in which lanes are closed 1 or 2 The total number of lanes in each direction The number of open lanes through the work zone in each direction The length of the lane closure and The capacity of the work zone The total number of lanes number of open lanes and per lane capacities may be different in each direction The length of the lane closure however must be the same when both directions are evaluated in the same run of the model If necessary a separate data set may be created and run for each direction SCHEDULE OF WORK ACTIVITY The schedule of work activity is defined by The hours the lane clos
32. ermit purposes Raymond A Krammes P E Texas P E Serial Number 66413 was the engineer in charge of the project vi LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION coria ad a ar aa e CAPABILITIES OF QUEWZ 92 io Output Options ER Ee ts cade SE Gade hake coke es Speed and Queue Estimation 0 000 es Road User Cost Estimation ss Eis Sees Sich Suet ee Diversion Algorithm e tn DEVELOPMENT HISTORY air rs WE se es heathen da atea tapia INPUT DATA REQUIREMENTS 00 eee eee eee LANE CLOSURE CONFIGURATION 20020000 ee ee ee SCHEDULE OF WORK ACTIVITY 000 2c cee eee ee eens TRAFFIC VOLUMES ra ae odes sate ele Os Ot erie ats eats DEFAULT VALUES FOR MODEL CONSTANTS Cost Update Factor Jones ieee ete ER ER ome BEE EERS E HE et Percentage of Trucks 22s cic a DEER EER ED RE RD ER Speed Volume Relationship iss EE ER EE SE es ke ee Work Zone Gapacity ek oes AI SA Definition of Excessive Queuing iss es se ee dd es MECHANICS OF USING QUEWZ 92 ee ee ee EE ee ke ee HOW TO INSTALL et cen bs args cts eect pen OG OR GE OE DR oe Di GE Q92MENU PROGRAM EXECUTION ee ee ee EE ee ee ese ee Introd ctory Sereen ELE EE bo EE ED REG GED DEE ED EG Main Menu Main Menu Item 1 Creating an Input Data File Main Menu ltem 2 Editing a Previously Created Input Data File Main Menu Item 3 Running QUEWZ 92 ie EE se de e
33. file name File name Default extension is DAT Figure 22 Screen for Saving the Edited Input Data File 33 First the user is given the opportunity to save the data file If the user specifies Y es they do wish to save the data file then they are given the opportunity to enter a new case title or retain the existing case title Finally the user is asked to name the input data file The default is the original file name which may be accepted by striking the Enter key If the original file name is retained then the program overwrites the original file with the new data A default extension DAT is provided if a new file name is specified Main Menu Item 3 Running QUEWZ 92 Item 3 of the main menu allows the user to run QUEWZ 92 for a previously created input data file When Item 3 is requested the user is prompted to specify the name of the input data file to be analyzed The default drive and directory is the one from which Q92MENU was called If the input data file is saved elsewhere then the drive and directory should be included along with the file name Similarly the default extension is DAT if the input data file has a different extension then it too should be specified as part of the file name Since QUEWZ 92 sends its output to a file the user is also prompted to name the output file The lane closure schedule output option also creates a graphical display of acceptable lane closure schedules which is saved in
34. hen analyzing a work activity in the outbound direction of a freeway that has 3 lanes QUEWZ 92 would evaluate schedules for closing both 1 and 2 lanes QUEWZ 92 considers each hour as a possible starting hour for the lane closure and for each starting hour determines the number of hours that lanes could remain closed before queuing becomes excessive Speed and Queue Estimation Both output options use the same speed and queue estimation procedures QUEWZ 92 estimates speed and queuing using procedures presented in the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual 1 Average speeds are estimated based on the speed volume relationship for freeway facilities presented in Chapter 3 of the Manual When demand volumes exceed the capacity of the work zone queuing characteristics are estimated using input output analysis The procedures presented in Chapter 6 of the Manual are used to perform the input output analysis Road User Cost Estimation The additional road user costs associated with a freeway work zone lane closure are estimated as the difference between the road user costs with versus without the lane closure Two components of road user costs are included vehicle operating costs and travel time costs Costs are estimated in 1990 dollars The cost estimating equations are derived from Memmott 2 The dollar value of time is 12 64 per vehicle hour for 2 passenger cars with an average occupancy of 1 3 persons per car and 23 09 per vehicle hour for t
35. input data requirements of QUEWZ 92 it provides instructions on using O92MENU a menu driven user interface to run QUEWZ 92 lt also includes three examples to illustrate the various input and output options that are available 17 Key Words 18 Distribution Statement Freeway Work Zone Lane Closure No restrictions This document is available Road User Costs Queuing Analysis to the public through the National Technical Information Service 5285 Port Royal Rd Springfield VA 22161 19 Security Classif of this report 20 Security Classif of this page 21 No of Pages 22 Price Unclassified Unclassified 84 Form DOT F 1700 7 8 72 Reproduction of form and completed page is authorized USER S MANUAL FOR QUEWZ 92 by Raymond A Krammes Gerald L Ullman Jeffery L Memmott and Conrad L Dudek Research Report 1108 7 Research Study Number 2 8 87 1 1108 Sponsored by Texas Department of Transportation in cooperation with U S Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration TEXAS TRANSPORTATION INSTITUTE The Texas A amp M University System College Station TX 77843 January 1993 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors acknowledge the cooperation and assistance of the Texas Department of Transportation personnel who monitored the study Mark A Marek D 8 served as Technical Panel Chairperson Lewis R Rhodes Jr D 18STO and Steven Z Levine District 12 served as a Technical Panel Members Several empl
36. ion of AADT for Wednesday 5 46 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Thursday 0000000 47 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Friday 22000 cee eee 47 Hourly Distribution of AADT for Saturday 20000003 48 Directional Distributions of AADT for Sunday 49 Directional Distributions of AADT for Monday 50 Directional Distributions of AADT for Tuesday 51 Directional Distributions of AADT for Wednesday 52 Directional Distributions of AADT for Thursday 53 Directional Distributions of AADT for Friday 4 54 Directional Distributions of AADT for Saturday 55 xi 1 INTRODUCTION This report is a user s manual for QUEWZ 92 QUEWZ which stands for Queue and User Cost Evaluation of Work Zones is a tool for evaluating freeway work zone lane closures QUEWZ 92 is the most recent microcomputer version of the QUEWZ program This version was developed as part of Study No 2 8 87 8 1108 entitled Traffic Pattern Assessment and Road User Delay Costs Resulting from Roadway Construction Options The study was performed under the sponsorship of the Texas Department of Transportation TxDOT in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration U S Department of Transportation QUEWZ 92 is a computerized version of commonly used manual techniques for estimating the que
37. le Hour lane closure ends 1 24 are acceptable Hour work activity begins 9 14 are acceptable Hour work activity ends 10 15 are acceptable Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 11 Schedule of Work Activity Screen Data are requested for both the hours when the lane closure begins and ends and the hours when the work activity begins and ends These times may be the same or may differ depending on the work zone being analyzed As a default the program provides the hours the lane closure begins and ends as the present values for the hours work activity begins and ends As with any data element however the user may change the present values in the New Values column The program will not allow the user to specify work activity during hours when a lane closure is not also specified Hours are specified in military time i e O midnight 1 1 00 a m etc 22 Lane Closure Schedule Output Option Definition of Excessive Queuing When the lane closure schedule option is selected in the Model Constants screen the screen that appears after the two preliminary screens is the screen to define excessive queuing Figure 12 The lane closure schedule option determines the hours of the day when various lane closure configurations may be implemented without causing excessive queuing Definition of Excessive Queuing
38. mpacts and additional road user costs resulting from short term freeway work zone lane closures It should be useful to personnel responsible for planning and scheduling freeway work zone activities QUEWZ 92 is the latest microcomputer version of QUEWZ a mainframe program developed for the Texas Department of Transportation and documented in Report No 292 1 in 1982 This microcomputer version includes a menu driven user interface O92MENU which simplifies the process of entering data and running QUEWZ 92 QUEWZ 92 incorporates all of the relevant data collected as part of Study 1108 In particular QUEWZ 92 contains the work zone lane closure capacity estimation procedure documented in Report 1108 5 and the diversion results documented in Report 1108 6 IMPLEMENTATION STATEMENT It is recommended that QUEWZ 92 be made available for use by those Texas Department of Transportation personnel responsible for evaluating the traffic impacts of short term freeway lane closures as part of their work zone planning and scheduling activities DISCLAIMER The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented within The contents do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Texas Department of Transportation or the Federal Highway Administration This report does not constitute a standard specification or regulation It is not intended for construction bidding or p
39. n from the DOS prompt A gt type INSTALL A 10 CAQUEWZ Add the statement PATH CAQUEWZ to your AUTOEXEC BAT file and either type AUTOEXEC in the root directory or reboot your microcomputer Q92MENU PROGRAM EXECUTION Q92MENU is called by typing QYU2MENU at the DOS prompt and striking the Enter key A menu driven procedure leads the user through the process of entering data and running QUEWZ 92 This section explains the use of each screen in the menu driven procedure Q92MENU has four types of screens introductory menu data entry and file manipulation The introductory screen displays the QUEWZ 92 logo Menu screens list the functions that can be performed by QQ2MENU There are two menu screens a main menu and an edit menu Data entry screens have the basic structure illustrated in Figure 2 Each data entry screen has a title at the top a brief discussion of the data to be entered a series of data entry lines and a list of screen manipulation options Each data entry line consists of three columns the name of the data element its present value and a new value If the user is creating a new data file then the present value column contains either the default value or the value zero when there is no default value If the user is editing an existing data file then the present value column displays the values currently in the data file File manipulation screens allow files to be retrieved or saved These screens prompt the user for th
40. neously pressing the Shift and Print Screen keys on some computers The Print Screen utility waits 5 seconds before printing Within that five seconds the user may press one of the following keys to control the format of the printout Y Eject page after printing If paper is not ejected then multiple screens will be printed on same paper T Print in portrait orientation at the top of the page 35 M Print in portrait orientation in the middle of the page B Print in portrait orientation at the bottom of the page L Print in landscape orientation By default the screen is printed in portrait orientation and the page is not ejected after printing Other options for printing and default settings of the Print Screen utility can be obtained from the DOS manual for the microcomputer being used DATA FILE FORMAT Q92MENU frees the model user from having to worry about providing data in the proper format However the format of the data file has been designed to be easily read and checked for errors Table 2 illustrates the data file format The format is tabular with column headings identifying the input data element that belongs in each space The file is divided into two parts 1 control data and 2 traffic volume data TABLE 2 INPUT DATA FILE FORMAT CASE TITLE 1 CONTROL DATA CASE DIREC CUF TR TOTALLANE WORKZONE OPENLANE NO TION UCK FREE DI LENGTH IN CAP REDUCTION WORK HOUR MAXQ CLEN DIRECTION CAP
41. oyees at the Texas Transportation Institute contributed to the programming of QUEWZ 92 and are gratefully acknowledged Richard Timm Il Young Ihn Lee Abhay Shirishbhai Shah and Hoon Oh Many graduate students tested drafts of QUEWZ 92 and provided valuable comments and suggestions Funding for the development of Q3MENU which was adapted under this study to Q92MENU the menu driven user interface for QUEWZ 92 was provided to the Texas Transportation Institute by the Florida Department of Transportation through Agreement No 997000 7462 010 with the University of Florida SUMMARY OF FINDINGS This report is the seventh interim report prepared under Study No 2 8 87 1 1108 Traffic Pattern Assessment and Road User Delay Costs Resulting from Roadway Construction Options Previous reports were O Report 1108 1 Travel Impacts of Freeway Reconstruction Synthesis of Previous Experience Report 1108 2 Analysis of Accidents at Long Term Construction Projects in Texas Report 1108 3 Travel Impacts of Urban Freeway Reconstruction Projects in Texas Report 1108 4 Travel Impacts of the US 59 Southwest Freeway Reconstruction Project in Houston Report 1108 5 Updated Short Term Freeway Work Zone Lane Closure Capacity Values Report 1108 6 Natural Diversion at Temporary Work Zone Lane Closures on Urban Freeways in Texas This report is a user s manual for QUEWZ 92 QUEWZ 92 is a microcomputer analysis tool for estimating the traffic i
42. pacity AADT volume data are provided Wednesday 4 is specified as the day of the week urban 1 is specified as the location and 140 thousand is specified as the AADT TABLE 3 INPUT DATA FILE FOR EXAMPLE 1 EXAMPLE 1 1 CONTROL DATA CASE DIREC CUF TR SPEED VOLUME TOTAL LANE WORKZONE OPEN LANE NO TION UCK FREE D E CAP DIE CAP LENGTH IN OUT 1850 2000 CAP REDUCTION WORK HOUR MAXQ CLEN DIRECTION CAP P 100xE BEGIN END BEGIN END 1515 40 The lane closure schedule output for Example 1 is included in Appendix B The results indicate that lanes may be closed for multiple hours without causing excessive queuing only before the morning peak period or after the evening peak period Midday lane closures would generally produce queues exceeding 2 miles if left in place for more than 1 hour EXAMPLE 2 Example 2 illustrates the road user cost output option with default values accepted for all model constants and the work zone capacity Table 4 is the data file for Example 2 The diversion algorithm is used with excessive queuing defined as a critical length of queue CLEN of 2 0 miles The closure of 1 of 3 lanes in both directions is analyzed Lanes will be closed from 9 00 a m to 4 00 p m and the hours of work activity are the same Directional hourly volume data are specified TABLE 4 INPUT DATA FILE FOR EXAMPLE 2 EXAMPLE 2 1 CONTROL DATA CASE DIREC CUF TR SPEED i VOL
43. pp 348 356 R A Krammes and C L Dudek Road User Costs at Work Zones Implementation of QUEWZ Report No 0187 1 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1985 W F McFarland J B Rollins R A Krammes J L Buffington and J L Memmott Project Completion Times and Evaluation of Bidding Strategies with Bonuses and Liquidated Damages Report No FHWA TX 87 412 1F Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1987 QUEWZ3 Technical Memorandum from Raymond A Krammes TTI to Mark A Marek TXDOT HPR 0010 10 Study 2 8 87 1108 September 30 1987 R A Krammes G L Ullman and C L Dudek User s Manual for QUEWZ3 PC Report No 7119 3 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1989 R A Krammes G L Ullman C L Dudek and J L Memmott User s Manual for QUEWZ3 PC Version 2 Report No 7119 4 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1991 R A Krammes G L Ullman C L Dudek and J L Memmott User s Manual for QUEWZ3 PC Version 3 Report No 7189 1 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1992 43 R A Krammes and G O Lopez Updated Short Term Freeway Work Zone Lane Closure Capacity Values Report No FHWA TX 92 1108 5 Texas Transportation Institute College Station TX 1992 G L Ullman Natural Diversion at Temporary Work Zone Lane Closures on Urban Freeways in Texas Report No FHWA TX 92 1108 6 Texas Transportation Institute College
44. rban 2 Rural What is the AADT in Thousands of vpd 1 999 Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 17 AADT Volume Data Screen The user provides data regarding the day and area urban or rural where the lane closure will occur as well as the average daily traffic for that roadway location and QUEWZ 92 will estimate volumes based on time of day day of week and directional traffic distributions from automatic counters located throughout the state of Texas It should be noted that the AADT value is entered in thousands of vehicles per day vpd For example an AADT of 140 000 vpd would be entered as 140 in this screen Appendix A contains the hourly and directional distributions for each day of the week that are used to calculate the hourly volumes from the AADT If the traffic patterns for the freeway being analyzed differ significantly from the patterns illustrated then the AADT option may not yield accurate results and the directional hourly volume option should be selected instead 28 Saving the Created Input Data File Figure 18 is displayed after all of the data entry screens have been completed and is used to save the input data file Do you wish to save the data file Y N Y Enter the file name in DOS file name format File name default extension is DAT SAMPLE Enter the Case Title Maximum 50 characters SAMPLE INPUT DATA FILE Figure 18 Screen for Sa
45. rucks 3 Diversion Algorithm The diversion algorithm is used in conjunction with the road user cost output option to provide more realistic estimates of the additional road user costs resulting from freeway work zone lane closures The algorithm estimates the volume of traffic that would divert from the freeway in response to work zone related delays The algorithm is based upon observations of work zone lane closures on urban freeways with continuous parallel frontage roads in Texas It was observed that queue lengths and delays tended to reach threshold levels soon after the lane closure was implemented and then to remain near those threshold levels throughout the duration of the lane closure Therefore the diversion algorithm calculates the traffic volume that must divert from the freeway so that delays do not exceed either a maximum queue length in miles or delay to motorists in minutes On average the maximum queue engulfed 5 ramps and the queue length varied according to the average ramp spacing The maximum delay averaged approximately 20 minutes The additional road user costs for diverting traffic are estimated using the following assumptions 1 the length of the alternative route equals the length of the work zone plus the critical length of queue 2 the travel time for diverting traffic equals the time for a vehicle at the end of the critical length of queue to travel through the queue and the work zone 3 the diverting traffic
46. t of screens based upon the selected output option A volume data screen based upon the selected volume data input option and A screen for saving the created data file 14 Preliminary Screens Two preliminary screens are presented when main menu item 1 is selected The first screen allows the user to select basic model options The second screen allows revisions to default values for several model constants Screens Based Upon Selected Model Output Option The sequence of screens that follows these preliminary screens depends upon the model options specified The two output options are I The road user cost option which analyzes a user specified lane closure configuration and schedule of work activities and The lane closure schedule option which summarizes the hours of the day when a given number of lanes can be closed without causing excessive queuing When the road user cost option is specified the sequence of screens after the two preliminary screens is as follows Diversion algorithm Lane closure configuration Work zone capacity and Schedule of work activity When the lane closure schedule option is specified the sequence of screens after the two preliminary screens is as follows Definition of excessive queuing Lane closure configuration and Work zone capacity Screens Based Upon Selected Volume Input Option The screen provided for entering traffic volume data depends upon the input op
47. te file name including the drive and directory must be specified Main Menu Item 6 Printing a File QUEWZ 92 output is written in 80 column format to an ASCII text file Item 6 of the main menu allows the user to print an output file or an input data file if desired The user also has the option to print single or multiple pages from the output file Main Menu Item 7 Displaying a Lane Closure Schedule The lane closure schedule output option produces both tabular and graphical output The tabular output can be viewed on the screen using Item 5 or printed using Item 6 Item 7 must be used to view the graphical output on the screen and to print it The graphical output uses bar charts to illustrate acceptable lane closure schedules The bars denote the hours of the day during which a specific number of lanes can be closed without causing a user specified maximum acceptable delay Printing the graphical display of acceptable lane closure schedules requires that the DOS graphics Print Screen utility GRAPHICS COM be properly installed on your microcomputer for your particular printer Your DOS manual provides instructions on the installation of this utility as well as the exact specifications required for the printer connected to your microcomputer If the graphics Print Screen utility is properly installed then a printout of the graphical display on the screen can be obtained by pressing the Print Screen key on the keyboard or by simulta
48. the output or volume data input options were changed in the Model Options screen The user may either enter selected screen numbers separated by space s to edit individual screens or enter to edit all screens 31 If the input file is being changed from the lane closure schedule option to the road user cost option then at least edit menu items 2 3 and 4 should be selected as shown in Figure 20 Similarly changing volume input options requires item 5 to be selected Note that item 5 will show the volume data input option previously selected on the Model Options screen After all of the selected screens have been edited the program returns to the edit menu The user may reedit specified items or select item 6 to quit editing When edit menu item 6 is selected the user is given the opportunity to save the edited file before returning to the main menu Edit Menu for Lane Closure Schedule Option Figure 21 is displayed if the input file being edited was for the lane closure schedule output option and that option was not changed or if the user specified a change to the lane closure schedule option 3 3 3 3 Edit Menu for Road User Cost Option 333 3 333 3 lt Model Constants lt Definition of Excessive Queuing lt Lane Closure Configuration Work Zone Capacity 4 lt AADT Volume Data 5 lt Quit Edit Menu Enter screen s separated by space
49. tion selected One of the following screens will be presented Directional hourly volume data or AADT volume data Screen for Saving the Created Data File After all data are entered a screen is provided for saving the file This screen prompts the user for a file name and a descriptive title for the data file 15 Preliminary Screens Model Options The first screen that appears when main menu item 1 is selected is the Model Options screen illustrated in Figure 5 Model Options QUEWZ 92 has two output options 1 road user cost estimates for a specified lane closure configuration and schedule of work activities and 2 acceptable lane closure schedules for all possible lane closure configurations The user may also select between two volume data input options 1 directional hourly volume data and 2 AADT volumes Present New Value Value Output Options 1 or 2 1 1 Road user cost estimates 2 Lane closure schedules Volume Data Input Options 1 or 2 gt 0 1 Directional hourly volume 2 AADT volume Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 5 Model Options Screen The first task in creating a new data file is to select among the primary model options output options and volume data input options First the user is asked to choose an output option 1 road user cost estimates for a user specified lane closure configuration
50. ue lengths and additional road user costs resulting from work zone lane closures It simulates traffic flows through freeway segments both with and without a work zone lane closure in place and estimates the changes in traffic flow characteristics and additional road user costs resulting from a lane closure whose time schedule and lane configuration are described by the model user QUEWZ 92 can also apply the same traffic flow simulations to identify time schedules for lane closures that will not produce excessive queue lengths and delays QUEWZ 92 operates on IBM compatible DOS based microcomputers Hardware requirements are a microcomputer with a minimum of 256K Random Access Memory RAM and a suitable disk drive configuration at least one 5 inch floppy diskette drive Three executable files which can be stored on one 360K floppy disk are required to run the program QUEWZ92 EXE Q92MENU EXE and DISPLAY EXE QUEWZ92 EXE is a compiled version of the model that can be run in batch mode i e it reads an input data file and then writes an output file Q92MENU EXE is a menu driven procedure for using QUEWZ 92 DISPLAY EXE generates a graphical display of acceptable lane closure schedules The introduction of this report will describe the capabilities of the model and present a brief development history of the QUEWZ model family Chapter 2 identifies the input data requirements Chapter 3 provides instructions on the use of QUEWZ 92 Chapter 4
51. urations in the desired direction s Specify whether a schedule is desired for one or both directions the total number of lanes in each direction andi the desired direction s Present New Value Value Number of directions Total lanes 2 6 are acceptable Type the key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 13 Lane Closure Configuration Screen for the Lane Closure Schedule Output Option The user specifies whether the number of directions for which lane closures should be analyzed The user also specifies the number of lanes that normally exist in both directions Finally the user enters the length of the lane closure If the user has indicated that a closure will exist in both directions then zeros 0 are automatically entered for the number of lanes open in both directions to tell QUEWZ 92 to identify acceptable schedules for all possible lane closure configurations in both directions If the closure is in only one direction then the program prompts the user to enter a zero 0 for the direction to be analyzed If the closure is in the inbound direction then the user should enter a zero 0 to tell QUEWZ 92 to analyze that direction If the closure is in the outbound direction then the user should enter the total number of lanes inbound as the new value for the inbound direction and the program then automatically enters a zero 0 for the outbound direction 24 Work Zone Capacity The l
52. ure begins and ends and The hours that work activity begins and ends The hours the lane closure begins and ends define the time period during which the lane closure is in place The hours of actual work activity must be totally contained within and may be the same as or different from the hours when the lane closure is in place That is work activity may be underway during any part or all of the time period during which lanes are closed Work activity may be specified only during hours when lanes are closed For example long term lane closures may be implemented during a construction activity for which lanes are closed from midnight to midnight on any given day but the hours of actual work activity might be only from 7 00 a m to 4 00 p m On the other hand for a short term maintenance activity lanes might be closed only from 9 00 a m to 3 00 p m and the hours of work activity would be essentially the same TRAFFIC VOLUMES QUEWZ 92 analyzes traffic flows on an hourly basis and therefore requires directional hourly traffic volumes This requirement can be satisfied by providing either Directional hourly volumes for the period of interest or The AADT of the roadway the day of the week when the lane closure will be in effect and the general location of the freeway urban or rural The most accurate form of input would be directional hourly volumes obtained from traffic counts taken at the site of the work zone The AAD
53. user answers Y es to specify different capacities in both directions Otherwise only one screen is presented If the user responds Nlo they do not want to change the present work zone capacity then the program moves to the traffic volume input screen corresponding to the input option specified on the Model Options screen 25 Figure 15 illustrates the screen used to recalculate the work zone capacity The user may enter new values for the adjustment factors for the type and intensity of work activity 1 the presence of ramps R and the passenger car equivalent of heavy vehicles E The percentage of heavy vehicles specified in the Model Constants screen is used Work Zone Capacity The following equations are used to estimate the capacity per open lane C through the work zone 1600 pcphpl I R H and H 100 100 P E 1 gt The current P value percentage of heavy vehicles is 8 To change the value use the Model Constants screen Present Value Adjustment for the type and intensity gt 0 of work activity 160 to 160 pcphpll Adjustment for the presence of ramps gt O to 160 pcphpll Passenger car equivalent veh pc Per lane capacity vphpl key ESC gt Main Menu R gt Re entry ENTER gt Next Screen Figure 15 Work Zone Capacity Calculation Screen The user is prompted for R and E values The percentage of heavy vehicles can
54. utput is a bar chart illustrating the acceptable lane closure schedules for each possible lane closure configuration in each direction of travel specified by the user The graphical output can be both displayed on the screen and printed It 38 allows a quick review of lane closure schedules in order to select acceptable work schedules for more detailed analysis 39 5 EXAMPLES This section presents three examples of the use of QUEWZ 92 to illustrate the various input and output options that are available Example 1 involves the lane closure schedule output and AADT volume input options Examples 2 and 3 involve the road user cost output and directional hourly volume data input options Example 2 evaluates lane closures in both directions of a freeway and uses default values for model constants Example 3 evaluates only one direction and uses alternative values for several model constants The input data files for the examples are presented in tables and are included on the QUEWZ 92 system diskette The model output is included as Appendix B Users may use Q92MENU to enter the data and run these examples as a way of learning to use the program EXAMPLE 1 Example 1 illustrates the lane closure schedule output option of QUEWZ 92 The input data file for Example 1 is provided in Table 3 The example involves a 1 mi long work zone in both directions of a six lane freeway Default values are used for all model constants and for the work zone ca
55. ving the Created Input Data File First the user is given the opportunity to save the data file If users indicate N o they do not wish to save the file the program returns to the main menu screen If the user specifies Y es they do wish to save the data file then they are asked to enter the file name The default drive and directory to which the file will be saved is the drive and directory from which Q92MENU was called To save the file on a different drive and or directory the user should specify the new drive and directory along with the file name Following DOS convention the file name may not exceed 8 characters in length and the extension may not exceed 3 characters A default extension DAT is recommended for the input file The user may also enter a case title up to 50 characters in length The case title is optional but recommended A descriptive title makes it easier to organize output After the file is saved the program returns to the main menu screen 29 Main Menu Item 2 Editing a Previously Created Input Data File Main menu item 2 allows the editing of a previously created input data file First the user is asked the name of the existing input data file to be edited Then two preliminary screens are presented The first screen is the Model Options screen which allows the user to change output and or volume data input options The second screen is an edit menu for the user to indicate the input data screens that must
56. vphpl and V2 1850 vphpl Work Zone Capacity Work zone lane closure capacity appears to vary depending on whether or not there is work activity in the work zone 7 QUEWZ 92 uses two different work zone capacities if the duration of work activity is less than the duration of the lane closure The per lane capacity during the hours when lanes are closed but no work activity is underway is fixed in the model at 90 percent of the normal per lane capacity 73 The work zone capacity for the hours when lanes are closed and work activity is underway however may be adjusted by the user The default value corresponds to the average work zone capacities observed in Texas at freeway work zone lane closures with 7 work activity underway Q92MENU provides data entry screens to run through the procedures documented in Research Report 1108 5 Updated Short Term Freeway Work Zone Capacity Values 12 to estimate a site specific capacity value for a particular work zone Figure 1 Speed Volume Relationship Used in QUEWZ 92 Definition of Excessive Queuing Excessive queuing may be defined in terms of either a critical length of queue in miles or a maximum acceptable delay to motorists in minutes A definition of excessive queuing is used in both output options The road user cost output option uses the definition of excessive queuing to estimate the amount of traffic that will divert away from the freeway The diversion algorithm calculates the traffi
57. y adjust the costs to another time period by entering the cost update factor computed using the Consumer Price Index for that period The default value for the cost update factor in QUEWZ 92 is 1 00 Therefore unless the user specifies another cost update factor the road user cost output from QUEWZ 92 will be given in 1990 dollars Percentage of Trucks The percentage of trucks influences the calculations of work zone capacities and road user costs QUEWZ 92 uses a default value of 8 percent trucks which is the average percentage of trucks observed during work zone capacity studies on urban freeways in Texas 12 Speed Volume Relationship Figure 1 shows the typical speed volume relationship used to estimate the normal approach speed on the freeway and the average speed through the work zone The model user may either provide site specific values for the free flow speed SP1 the level of service D E breakpoint speed SP2 the speed at capacity SP3 the normal capacity V1 and the level of service D E breakpoint volume V2 or accept the default values provided in the model A linear speed volume relationship is used for volumes less than or equal to V2 and a quadratic relationship is used for volumes greater than V2 but less than or equal to V1 The default values for the parameters of the speed volume relationship reflect the information presented in the 1985 Highway Capacity Manual 1 SP1 60 mph SP2 46 mph SP3 30 mph V1 2000
58. y exist in each direction of the freeway the number of lanes that will be open in each direction during the lane closure and the length of the lane closure 19 Work Zone Capacity Figure 9 describes the estimation of work zone capacities using the procedures described in Research Report 1108 5 12 Work Zone Capacity The following equations are used to estimate the capacity per open lane C through the work zone C 1600 pcphpl I R H and H 100 100 P E 1 The base capacity of 1600 pcphpl is adjusted for the work type and intensity I the presence of ramps R and the presence of heavy vehicles H The value H is based on the percentage of heavy vehicles P and the passenger car equivalent for heavy vehicles E Present Values for Work Zone Capacity Inbound direction vphpl Outbound direction vphpl gt 1515 Do you want to change the present work zone capacity Y N Y Do you want to specify different capacities for both directions Y N Figure 9 Work Zone Capacity Screen The capacity estimating procedure starts with a base capacity of 1 600 pcphpl and then adjusts for the intensity of work activity the presence of entrance ramps within the taper and first 500 ft of the closure and the presence of heavy vehicles The present values are also indicated The present values are based upon default values for the factors 0 R 0 E 1 7 and P
Download Pdf Manuals
Related Search