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System 8813 WordMaster Manual - PolyMorphic

1. Section 19 Indents Permanent Temporary and Double Page 93 Section 19 INDENTS PERMANENT TEMPORARY AND DOUBLE 19 0 WordMaster provides several commands to allow you to do indenting of one kind and another You ll notice that within this manual we often indent one line only or an entire block of text We even indent a block of text on both sides from both the left and the right margins We do all this without changing the margins values When you use one of the indent commands give a command value This value is the number of spaces from the left Margin that you want WordMaster to indent So that you don t have to think back and try to remember the last indent value that you used any new indent value cancels out existing indent values So if you say ind 5 permanent indent of 5 and then later say ind 10 permanent indent of 10 WordMaster will not add the two indent values together Instead it uses the latest indent value If it sees another indent value later in the document it will begin to use that value at that point Any time you switch between the permanent indent command find n and the double indent command dind n you cancel the effect of the other command That is both the ind n and the dind n command cannot be in effect at the same time If you should specify indent values so large that WordMaster can t print a formatted line you will see the error message Your indents are too large WordMas
2. Part V is where you turn to when you re not exactly sure what is going on We list all of the WordMaster error messages and tell you the errors that can cause them Section 25 consists of some helpful hints on what the problem might be if your formatted text isn t exactly as you would have it Finally we give you long examples of unformatted text that contain formatting commands some original pages from this manual By all means experiment You d be surprised at how a very small change in your formatting commands can drastically change the look of your formatted document If you don t like the way something looks edit that document again and try changing things a bit That s the fun of a formatter making little changes result in big ones Page 108 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 t Section 24 WordMaster Error Messages Page 199 Section 24 WORDMASTER ERROR MESSAGES 24 0 There are two types of WordMaster errors Input line errors and Formatting errors Input line errors are those which occur while WordMaster is trying to read your document For example if you mean to use the center command ce n but instead say cx WordMaster will be confused You ll see this error message on the screen Input Line Error ex p I don t recognize this command Other kinds of errors that can cause an Input line error might be a confusing command value e g skp X or an illegal command value Word
3. symbol in your printed text type wul two s in your document WordMaster will realize that you don t really want a Non expandable blank symbol there and will put wul one symbol in your document instead As for the double symbol two s in a row there is no way to put one in your printed document From now on when we talk about the double symbol we ll use this symbol You ll remember though that we mean two fs in a row without the symbol skp 17 1 THE NON EXPANDABLE BLANK par You probably remember that one of the option questions WordMaster asks you is whether or not you want two Page 120 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 spaces at the end of every sentence Usually you do But what about those special cases where you know that you have something in your document that WordMaster is going to think is the end of a sentence but isn t And what if it s important that WordMaster NOT put two spaces there For example suppose WordMaster sees the following skp tin 10 We use the symbol a lot skp It is going to think that you want two spaces after the second quotation mark But that isn t really the end of the sentence Or what if WordMaster is right justifying a line You know that it inserts spaces wherever there is already a space to stretch the line out flush to the right margin What if WordMaster sees skp tin 190 The interest rate is 60 skp How do you keep it from putting another s
4. which tells you the version number of your Editor You see the message Input file not found Creating output file opened Hit any key to continue This means that the Editor did not find a document named document name on the System Disk Input file not found and so Is creating a new document of that name Creating output file opened Hit any key Now the screen clears and you have an empty screen You are ready to start typing 4 3 TYPING YOUR DOCUMENT Start to type The white rectangle on the screen the cursor always shows your position on the screen Go ahead and type a few lines Hit RETURN at the end of every screen line If you make a mistake hit the DELETE key and the cursor will back up from right to left erasing symbols as it goes Type a Control W hold down the CTRL key and type a W to erase one word to the left of the cursor Type a Control X to erase all of the characters from the left of the cursor back to the last RETURN What if you want to go back and change a word without erasing everything back to that point Use the cursor control keys the four keys at the right of the keyboard marked with arrows To go to the left use the key marked with the left arrow To go to the right use the key marked with the right arrow Notice that as the cursor moves it creates a kind of Space of its own that is it never covers up a symbol but manages to fit in between symbols Moving the cursor does not change the te
5. TEMPORARY AND DOUBLE 93 19 1 Permanent Indent Command find n 93 19 2 Double Indent Command dind n 94 19 3 Temporary Indent Command tin n 94 19 4 The No Indent Command nind l 95 HEADER AND FOOTER TITLES NI ERANT TR VI 20 1 HBad r Command H l 2 2 9259 born 7 20 1 1 Other Header Commands ohe and iehell s a5 4 sends E Section 21 Section 22 Section 23 PART V INTRODUCTION TO Section 24 Section 25 Section 26 APPENDIX A APPENDIX B 20 1 2 More About Headers 99 20 2 Footer Commands fo efo and ofo 99 THE PARAGRAPH AND NEED COMMANDS 5 101 21 1 The Paragraph Command par 101 21 2 The Need Command ne n 101 WORDMASTER STRATEGIES cc osoosecsecsceseccece 103 FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF ADVANCED FORMATTING COMMANDS eee eee oot t 105 TROUBLE SHOOTING PART Wosiikeesebse krPbe 49 527v2 142 42724905452 2 does L S WORDMASTER ERROR MESSAGES oe ooo o 109 24 1 Error Reporting 4 66 ERA tod enn e vac liU 24 2 The Error MessSA deSg l s xa 542992595120 WHAT MADE IT DO THAT 2 kt c4 des Oa be Satu weed SEXES 25 1 Some Problems and Solutions 115 FORMATTING SAMPLES s 36 gt 0s Haida ghee awe a seter od WORDMASTER COMMAND SUMMARY eee n n S125 WORDMASTER PRINTER DRIVER e ee eere 127 Section 1 Introduction to the Manual Page 1 S
6. This is because WordMaster only puts whole words on a formatted line If the words are very long it can only fit a certain number on the line and must insert a lot of spaces to right justify the line Page 72 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 Section 14 How to Operate WordMaster Page 73 Section 14 HOW TO OPERATE WORDMASTER 14 0 You re now familiar with the basic formatting commands It s time to start using WordMaster We re going to go through the operation of WordMaster step by step 14 1 SETTING UP THE PRINTER Be sure that your printer is physically hooked up to the System and that it is turned on Be sure that the Printer Driver knows what printer you are going to use You may want to refresh your memory on using the Printer Driver by turning back to Section 8 Printing an Unformatted Document The Printer Driver If you are now informing the Printer Driver which printer you are going to use make sure that before you do so the paper in the printer is positioned so that the printer printing mechanism is at the top of the page If you ve used the printer since the last time you loaded the system software pushing the LOAD button or turning on the machine then you should use a PAGE command to advance the paper to the top of the next page After a prompt type PAGE and hit RETURN The Printer Driver s description of your printer may tell the Printer Driver to do a top margin after it advances the pape
7. When WordMaster fills a line it does the following WordMaster reads a line of text from your document A line is the group of symbols between two carriage returns It replaces any tabs in that line with single spaces If there is more than one space between words WordMaster removes the extra spaces WordMaster then starts building a formatted line by placing one word after another from your input line onto a line of the proper width until it cannot fit another word If it runs out of words before it finishes the formatted line WordMaster reads another input line from your document and continues putting words on the formatted line WordMaster ignores the blank lines in your document when it is working in fill mode To print blank lines ou must use the skip command See Section 12 Breaking and Skipping In summary when WordMaster fills a line it writes as many whole words from your input line onto a final formatted line as can fit regardless of the length of the line in the original document When it comes time to decide what words should go on each formatted line WordMaster ignores the carriage returns in your original document That is it doesn t end a formatted line just because it found a carriage return in the input line at that point in the text Instead it converts carriage return symbols into spaces Now you can see what WordMaster did with the sample above It got rid of the extra spaces and placed one word after another fr
8. You are telling the Editor that you don t want to create a new document but to change an existing one The Editor looks for your document and copies it into memory When it finds your file the Editor says Input file opened Old input file deleted Output file opened Hit any key to continue This means that you have a copy of your document in memory to work on The Editor has deleted the copy that is on the disk so that when you exit it can write your changed document back onto the disk with the same name as your original document Although it sometimes happens that you have more than one document on a disk of the same name through a special sequence of events that we ll talk about later in general you cannot create a document of the same name as another document already on the disk If you do not want the Editor to delete your old document you can ask it to save your changed document on the disk under a different name than that of the original document To keep the Editor from deleting your original document instead of typing EDIT document name type EDIT document name new document name You thus tell the Editor what document you want to edit Page 28 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 and what name you want to give the new version Now you are ready to start working on your old document Hit any key Move through the text using the cursor control keys and the Control B Control E Control P and Control N c
9. header command ohe and the even numbered page header command ehe in the same way that you use the regular header command he See above The text that follows the fohe command is the header for odd numbered pages and the text that follows the ehe command is the header for even numbered pages You can use Section 20 Header and Footer Titles Page 99 one or the other of the commands That is you can have a header on just the odd numbered pages or a header on just the even numbered pages 20 1 2 More about Headers TO change headers just use the appropriate header command at another place in your document However be careful to position the header command in your document so that WordMaster will have a chance to remember that header before it has to use it For example it does no good to tell WordMaster to go to a new page begin page command bpg and then specify the header it is to use on that page Instead remember to specify headers before you start the page you want to use them on he ce Chapter 1 Business Systems bpg skp 2 ce CHAPTER 1 When you change headers WordMaster immediately forgets about any previous headers If you specify an odd numbered page header ohe WordMaster no longer uses or remembers the header you specified earlier with the he command If you ask for only an odd numbered page header WordMaster prints a blank line as a header on even numbered pages and vice versa There is one thing
10. the Editor writes a copy of your document on the disk You can re edit that document later by asking for it by name See Section 5 Changing a Document As you exit the red light on the System Drive comes on indicating that the Editor is saving your document on the disk When you see the prompt you know that the Editor has finished and you are free to do something else You can see the disk copy of your document After a prompt type TYPE document name Hit RETURN Document name is the name of the document you want to see Now you see your document on the screen If the whole document won t fit on the screen at once you see a small dot at the left hand corner of the screen Type any character except X to see the next screenful Type an X to stop the Page 26 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 display Section 5 Changing a Document Page 27 Section 5 CHANGING A DOCUMENT 5 0 Once you create a document you usually want to re edit it at some point When it comes time to use WordMaster you will find that you often use the Editor to re edit documents so that you can change the formatting commands in the document which affect the way WordMaster formats the document 5 1 GETTING THE EDITOR TO TALK TO YOU Awaken the Editor in exactly the same way as when you first created a document This time however give it the name of a document that already exists on the disk After a prompt type EDIT document name
11. throughout your document If there is not enough room in memory for the Editor to copy the marked block a very rare occurrence the copy simply will not appear At that point you know that you have to do a Control O command to make more room 6 1 2 Erasing a Block of Text Mark a block of text as you did above Now just type an Escape SHIFT DELETE That is hit the ESCAPE key Release it Now hold down the SHIFT key while you hit the DELETE key The cursor is blinking while the Editor finds the first marked block of text in your document Now the cursor stops blinking Your block of text along with the arrows is gone Be careful once you erase a block of text it s gone for good 6 1 3 Moving a Block of Text Use the procedures above to mark a block of text Now copy it by moving your cursor to the appropriate place in your document and typing an Escape Control C Erase the original block of text by typing an Escape SHIFT DELETE 6 1 4 Printing a Block of Text You sometimes want to print just part of a document Make sure that your printer is hooked up on and that the Printer Driver knows that you want to use that particular printer See Section 8 Printing an Unformatted Document The Printer Driver Mark the block of text that you want to print Now type an Escape Control P The Editor will print only that block of text 6 2 MERGING AND SPLITTING DOCUMENTS Usually you ask the Editor to read one document into
12. what about those special cases where you know that you have something in your document that WordMaster is going to think is the end of a sentence but isn t And what if it s important that WordMaster NOT put two spaces there For example suppose WordMaster sees the following We use the symbol a lot It is going _to think that you want two spaces after the second quotation mark But that isn t really the end of the sentence Or what if WordMaster is right justifying a line You know that it inserts spaces wherever there is already a Space to stretch the line out flush to the right margin What if WordMaster sees The interest rate is 6 How do you keep it from putting another space between 6 and The purpose of the Non expandable blank NEB is to fool WordMaster into thinking that there is no space where the NEB is Since there is no space the NEB is just part of the word Page 84 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 surrounding it and WordMaster can t insert an extra space at that point in your text In the examples above we simply substitute an NEB for the space that was likely to cause a problem For example in our original document we typed the characters 6 as 6 and the characters a lot as a lot Naturally WordMaster could not insert a space between the second quotation mark and the letter a because it thought that the symbols were all part of the same word When it came time to print the e
13. your document again with two or three less lines per page I got some very odd looking lines in my formatted document Check your original document to make sure that you have hit RETURN at the end of every screen line WordMaster does its best when it gets an input line from your document that is too long but the place that it might split that line could result in a very odd formatting Suppose for instance that it split a document line in the middle of a command group I have many many underlined or centered or capitalized lines Perhaps you said wul 56 when you meant wul 5 Accidents will happen Check your original document and see All of a sudden my whole document is much narrower Somewhere you forgot a no indent command nind Remember that if you are formatting more than one document at a time the formatting values used from the previous document carry over to the next one If you were indenting in an earlier document and didn t say nind at the end of it your next document will also be indented WordMaster didn t center the whole piece of text I wanted to center or underline or capitalize Section 25 What Made it Do That Page 117 Did you remember that these commands only affect one unit of text at a time not one line If you say ce good morning skp 2 The center command will center only the first unit of text the words up to the skip command Page 118 System 88 Word Processing WordMaste
14. SETTING LINE SPACING l1sp n Default value single spacing WordMaster usually single spaces your documents If you want it to double or triple space them use the lsp n command How to Use the Command Use the line spacing command in the first command group of your document Make sure that there are no characters in front of that command group Example lpp 57 wid 80 1lsp 2 pgn You may specify single double or triple line spacing by supplying a command value of 1 2 or 3 If you try to use a number larger than 3 you will see the error message Illegal line spacing value I 1ll reset line spacing to 1 You can change the line spacing at any point in your document When you do change the line spacing WordMaster does a break See Section 18 0 for a discussion of the word break Section 11 Filled and Unfilled Text Page 1 Section 11 FILLED AND UNFILLED TEXT 11 8 A major advantage of a formatter is that it can impose a format on your text which may look very different from the form in which you originally typed the document This is an advantage because it allows you to create your text without really worrying about what it is going to look like when it s printed The way your document looks when ou edit it really has very little relationship to how it will ook when it is formatted TES important to remember that your original document line input line is different than the final formatted line On the other hand
15. VIEW DEFAULT DELETE RENAME EXIT Known printers Null Screen Terminet Qume Diablo The sign is the prompt for the printer editor The Known printers are all the different kinds of printers the printer driver already knows how to run The ones you see above are the ones that are pre defined and included on the system disk shipped by PolyMorphic Systems As shipped the printer driver defaults to Null which means that no data will be output to a printer You can select one of the pre defined printers to be your default device by typing DEFAULT and the name in the list that matches your printer then hitting carriage return Or you can tell the printer driver about some new printer as described below and then use the DEFAULT command to make it the default printer We ll go through the printer editor commands one by one PRINTER EDITOR COMMANDS After you enter the printer editor by typing Printer and a carriage return and you have the prompt enter the appropriate command and printer name The printer name need not be the actual name of a printer it can be a mnemonic of your own devising 12 3 1 NEW printername You teach the printer driver about a new printer by using the NEW command followed by the name of the printer and a carriage return then answering a series of questions The printer editor asks you the following questions one at a time as you type in the answer to one it displays the next Page 130 WordMas
16. We hope that legal action will not be necessary As you can see from the figures below we certainly have grounds for complaint Cumulative Record of Indebtedness 1975 1976 1978 225 3605 5578 Please let us know as soon as possible what your plans are concerning a solution to this problem If you have already sent a payment please disregard this notice You see the difference the no fill command makes You will want to experiment sometimes using the no fill command takes a little practice Most of the commands that you use for filled text also affect unfilled text You can center indent underline and capitalize unfilled text When WordMaster sees a tab in unfilled text it sends a tab character to your printer When the printer receives a tab character it advances the printing mechanism to the next tab stop The tab stops on the printer were set up by the printer and the Printer Driver These stops are set up with relation to the entire printer carriage and not with relation to your left margin Therefore text with tabs in it may be spaced a little differently than it was on the screen when you typed it in Experiment with different combinations of spaces and tabs until you are pleased with how it looks when it is formatted Page 64 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 12 Breaking and Skipping Page 65 Section 12 BREAKING AND SKIPPING 12 4 This might seem an odd title for a section but as a matter of f
17. WordMaster adjusting and finetuning the formatting of your document by changing the formatting commands in your document and then re formatting it And so before we describe the specific formatting commands and how to use WordMaster itself we ll talk about how to use the Editor to insert the commands in your document Next we ll introduce you to the basic formatting commands that you ll need to know In the process you ll learn how WordMaster thinks and what it expects from you The last section of Part III consists of at last the actual operating instructions for WordMaster Page 48 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands Page 49 Section 9 A FIRST LOOK AT FORMATTING COMMANDS 9 0 We ll talk about specific formatting commands in later sections The purpose of this section is to introduce you to the idea of a formatting command and to give you advice on using the Editor to insert those commmands into your document 9 1 WHAT S A FORMATTING COMMAND WordMaster has some idea of what it means to format a document Even if your document contains no formatting commands at all WordMaster makes some assumptions about what you probably want See Section 9 3 WordMaster Assumptions for a discussion of those assumptions Although WordMaster tries to be reasonable you may not agree with its ideas about how to format your document Therefore we have formatting commands These
18. a previously defined printer to be displayed on the video screen 12 3 3 DEFAULT printername This command causes the named printer to be initialized when the system is started or reloaded In other words the system always assumes the characteristics of this printer unless some other printer is specified using the Printer command 12 3 4 DELETE printername This command deletes the specified printer from the list of Known Devices 12 3 5 RENAME printername When you use this command the system responds with a prompt asking you to state a new name for the specified printer This new name will appear in place of the old one in future displays of Known Devices 12 3 6 EXIT EXIT returns control of the system to Exec You must always end the printer editing process by using the EXIT command otherwise your changes will not take effect
19. can see what WordMaster did with the sample above It got rid of the extra spaces and placed one word after another from the input lines onto final formatted lines skp Page 124 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Appendix A WordMaster Command Summary Page 125 APPENDIX A WORDMASTER COMMAND SUMMARY This is an alphabetical list of all of the WordMaster commands both basic and advanced If you are interested in a functional listing see Section 15 Functional Summary of Basic Formattin Commands and Section 23 Functional Summar of Advanced commands Functional summary Formatting Commands Command Description Default value bm n bottom margin lines bpg begin new page bop begin odd page br do a break cap n capitalize l unit of text ce n center l unit of text dind n double indent characters efo even page footer ehe even page header i11 fill text fo footer title he header title ind n permanent indent characters 1m n left margin characters lpp n lines per page Printer Driver 1sp n line spacing single space ne n need 1 line nfil no fill nind no indent npgn no page number nrj no right justify ofo odd page footer ohe odd f page header par paragraph break pgn number pages rj right justify rpgn n reset page number page 1 rm n right margin 0 characters skp n skip 1 blank line tin n temporary indent 5 characters ftm n top margin lin
20. commands It takes a little time to learn how to use something new but please read this manual over carefully before you begin to use WordMaster The small time that you invest now in learning how to use these tools will pay off quickly as you learn to your pleasure how much time you will save when you write and format documents As you read the manual remember that it was formatted using WordMaster 1 2 THE CONTENTS OF THIS MANUAL PART I Introduction to Word Processing on the System 88 Section 2 What is Word Processing We talk briefly about what we mean when we say word processing For the most part this section serves as an introduction to the text Editor and to WordMaster You will want to read the System 88 User s Manual for more information on this topic but this section briefly discusses a few of the things that you will need to know if you are new to the System 88 We also go through a brief demonstration of the use of the Editor and of WordMaster PART II Talking to the Text Editor Section 4 Creating a Document We provide step by step instructions on how to use the Text Editor to create a document More information on the Editor is available in the System 88 User s Manual We also tell you how to print a document without formatting it Section 5 Changing a Document Now that you know how to create a document we tell you how to change a document We also talk more about some of the Editor commands For the first
21. currently using for your printer Page width too small I l1l use default values WordMaster tried to print a formatted line but decided that it didn t have enough room This could happen because your combined left and right margins were larger than the total page width WordMaster uses the default width value wid n of 80 characters and resets left and right margins to zero Section 24 WordMaster Error Messages Page 113 O I can t break this line between words there are no spaces WordMaster is trying to fit a line from your document onto more than one formatted lines but it can t find anyplace to split the line between words If you have no spaces on a line and that line is longer than the formatted line WordMaster will be confused It will go ahead and print the line as it is but will complain with this error message while it does so You might see this error message if you had a line of 100 asterisks for example Go back to your document and take a look Make the line shorter or add spaces to it I have no message for this error You should never see this message if you do it means that WordMaster is extremely confused probably fatally Your best bet is to reload the System Disk and start over Page 114 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 25 What Made it Do That Page 115 Section 25 WHAT MADE IT DO THAT 25 0 When you get an error message that you don t understand your first move shoul
22. down arrow key Beginning of Previous fifteen lines Control P End of Next fifteen lines Control N Page 42 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 Beginning of document Control B End of document Control E Fitting a Large Document into Memory To transfer half of your document from memory to the disk Control O To transfer enough of your document from the disk to fill half of memory Control A Marking a block of text Mark front of block Escape right arrow Mark end of block Escape left arrow Erase markers Escape DELETE Copying a Block of Text Mark block of text Then move cursor to where you want to insert the block Type an Escape Control C To delete marked block of text type Escape SHIFT DELETE Splitting a Document Mark a block of text Copy it to the disk Escape Control D Erase the block from memory Escape SHIFT DELETE Create a new document Escape Control O Now when you leave the Editor it will write out the rest of the document remaining in memory to the disk under the new document name Merging Documents Bring the end of your first document into memory Use Control Os and Control As if you have to if the document is too large to fit into memory at one time Bring another document into memory Escape Control I Now when you leave the Editor it will write a copy of the second document to the disk as part of the first document Printing Part of a Document Make sure that th
23. edit your original document After a prompt type EDIT document name Now hit RETURN 2 After you start editing decide at what point in the text you want to divide the document Now mark the block of text that you want as your first document by typing an Escape right arrow and an Escape left arrow as we did in Section 6 1 Copying Erasing and Moving Blocks of Text 3 Type an Escape Control D This tells the Editor that you want it to write the block of marked text onto the disk It does so and saves this part of the document under the document name that you gave the Editor when you asked it to edit a document The marked block is still in memory even though a copy of it is now on the disk You can erase the block of text in memory by typing an Escape SHIFT DELETE or you can just remove the arrow markers by typing an Escape DELETE Since you are splitting up the document you probably want to erase that block of text 4 Now type an Escape Control O This tells the Editor that from now on any text in memory is going to be saved on the disk under a new document name After you type the Escape Control O the Screen clears and the Editor says New output file name Give it a new document name Be sure that this name is not that of an existing document 5 Now the Editor says Output file closed Output file opened Hit any key to continue This means that the Editor now will write no more text out to th
24. fill lines of that width with characters from your document What does that mean When WordMaster fills a line it does the following skp dind 5 WordMaster reads a line of text from your document A line is the group of symbols between two carriage returns It replaces any tabs in that line with single spaces If there is more than one space between words WordMaster removes the extra spaces WordMaster then Starts building a formatted line by placing one word after another from your input line onto a line of the proper width until it cannot fit another word If it runs out of words before it finishes the formatted line WordMaster reads another input line from your document and continues putting words on the formatted line WordMaster ignores the blank lines in your document when it is working in fill mode TO print blank lines you must use the skip command See Section 12 wul Breaking and Skipping skp In summary when WordMaster fills a line it writes as many whole words from your input line onto a final formatted line as can fit regardless of the length of the line in the original document When it comes time to decide what words should go on each formatted line WordMaster ignores the carriage returns in your original document That is it doesn t end a formatted line just because it found a carriage return in the input line at that point in the text Instead it converts carriage return symbols into spaces skp nind Now you
25. is the way you divide up large groups of text For example you wouldn t want a new chapter to begin on the same page as the end of a previous chapter You have to be able to begin sections of your document at the top of a new page Sometimes it s not enough to have a new section start on a new page occasionally it s necessary that a section of your document only start at the top of an odd numbered page For example chapters traditionally start on an odd numbered page so that they will lie on the right side of the book when the reader opens it WordMaster has commands that enable you to start a new page and start text on an odd numbered page 18 1 THE BEGIN PAGE COMMAND bpg When WordMaster sees the bpg command it knows that you want the text directly after the command to start on the top of a new page WordMaster does a break in the text It then advances to the bottom of the current page and prints the footer title if there is one Next WordMaster advances the paper to the top of the next page and does any required page set up page numbering header printing etc Now it s ready to start formatting the text after the bpg command How to Use the Command Use the begin page command at any point in your document where you want WordMaster to end the page and start a new one Example he Investment Analysis bpg ce Chapter 1 Your Stockbroker Look at the example above When WordMaster reaches the header command it files
26. it so that the printer mechanism is at the top of the page Now hit a RETURN and WordMaster will continue formatting until it reaches the end of the page Continue this procedure until your document is finished 14 3 2 Exit on Error Option Do you want to exit when I find an error Y or N WordMaster usually continues formatting when it finds an error answer Y if you want it to stop formatting when it finds its first error 14 3 3 Error Reporting Option Do you want error reporting only on the screen Otherwise I will also report errors in your printout Y or N WordMaster always reports errors on the screen Tt also usually prints an appropriate error message directly in Page 76 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 your printed document so that you can see where it found the error For example if WordMaster couldn t center a line of text because the line was too long it will tell you so in your document directly below the line that was too long Since WordMaster always has default instructions and default command values to fall back on in case of an error often an error doesn t really affect the formatting of your document all that much Therefore you may want to answer Y to the question above In that case you will still see error reports on the screen an error message and a line of the document from approximately where the error occurred but no error report will appear in your document 14 3 4 Sentence
27. nrj To turn off right justification use the no right justify command nrj This command only affects filled text Now when WordMaster finishes putting text from your document onto the formatted line it won t insert spaces to bring the right most word out flush to the right margin Instead the end of the lines in your document will vary somewhat in length Page 70 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 90 How to Use the Command Insert a no right justify command at any place in your document that you want to stop right justification WordMaster does a break when it sees an nrj command so that you know exactly what text begins the next formatted un right justified line If don t want WordMaster to right justify any of your document make sure that the nrj command is in the first command group of the document Make sure that no text precedes that command If you want to turn right justification back on use the rj command 13 2 1 Sample Use You will sometimes want to right justify some parts of your document but not others Take a look at the sample below Unformatted Sample Some types of documents look very nice with the words flush to the right margin However if you are using very long words or hyphenated groups of words sometimes you will be more pleased with the look of the text if it is not right justified This is because WordMaster only puts whole words on a formatted line If the words are very long it ca
28. pgn rpgn n FILLING fill nfil BREAKING TEXT LINE br skp n Left Margin Right Margin Top Margin Bottom Margin Total lines pge Total pge width Set Line spacing No page numbers Start pge numbering Reset page number Right justify No night justify Fill text No fill Break text line Break line and print n blank lines characters characters 0 lines 0 lines Printer Driver value 8 characters single spacing Page 1 1 blank line ee ee Page 80 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 O Part IV Advanced Formatting Page 81 PART IV ADVANCED FORMATTING You ve now learned all of the basic things you need to know to use WordMaster If you feel comfortable with the information we ve presented in the earlier sections you re ready for the more advanced features of WordMaster We ll be talking about some interesting things that you can have WordMaster do with your text For instance you ll notice that this manual has three part page titles headers that contain the current page number You ll also notice that every section of the manual begins on an odd numbered page We have formatting commands that arrange these things for us Besides learning about header titles you ll learn how to begin a new page do indents special double indents We ll also talk about centering underlining and capitalizing lines of text There are also one or two special commands and special symbo
29. several input line errors in one document line e g ce ds text cap 1900 WordMaster will display a separate error message for each error pointing to the appropriate error in each message Input Line Errors I don t understand this value I ll use the default WordMaster tried to read a command value but wasn t able to understand it e g skp WordMaster will use whatever the default command value is for that command For a list of the commands and their defaults see Appendix A WordMaster doesn t understand or in front of numbers Illegal command value I ll use the default You tried to use a command value that was greater than 255 e g lpp 19800 The only command which will accept a command value of greater than 255 is the reset L Section 24 WordMaster Error Messages Page 111 page command which will take a command value of from 1 to 65535 WordMaster will use the default value for that particular command I don t recognize this command You gave WordMaster something that confused it very much e g dkdk dkkdkd lldis Check you spelling Did you say nofil instead of nfil Did you say SKP instead of skp Illegal line spacing value I ll reset line spacing to 1 You may only set line spacing the lsp n command to 1 2 or 3 for single double or triple spacing You asked to reserve more lines than the total lines per page You used the need command ne n but th
30. that you must be wary of when you specify headers and footers If you try to specify a title which is longer than the formatted line width you will get an error I can t right justify this line it s too big The formatted line width is the total page width the wid n value minus the left and right margin values That is it is the number of characters that WordMaster expects to actually print on each line If you have told WordMaster that you don t want error reporting in your document via the option questions you ll be fine All that will happen is that you will see the above error message on the screen and inside your document WordMaster will print your too long title as it is without trying to right justify it If you permit error reporting in your document WordMaster will also print the above error message in your document 20 2 FOOTER COMMANDS fo efo AND ofo Just as you can specify a line of text to be printed at the top of every page WordMaster also allows you to specify a line of text to be printed at the bottom of every page This is called a footer title Set up a footer title in the same way that you set up headers See above As is the case with header titles you can specify odd numbered page footers ofo and even numbered page footers efo as well as regular footers fo You can also use Non expandable blanks and current page number symbols in footers As you did with headers be careful to specify ne
31. the Page 24 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 left arrow When the cursor reaches the front of the line it jumps up to the end of the previous line To move up use the key marked with the up arrow When the cursor reaches the beginning of your document it Stops moving To move down use the key marked with the down arrow When the cursor reaches the end of your document it stops moving When you use the up arrow key or the down arrow key the cursor tries to move to the position exactly above or below its current line position Sometimes this is not possible For instance the current line may be longer than the previous line The position in the previous line corresponding to the current cursor position may be empty that is without even a space or a tab In this case if you try to move up the cursor moves to the end of the previous line This is now its new position If you move the cursor up or down again it will try to move to the position above or below its new position If you try to move up or down and the symbol in the corresponding cursor position is a tab the cursor moves up or down to the left of the tab Other ways to move the cursor To move to the front of the previous line type an Escape up arrow That is hit the Escape key marked ESC Release the key Now hit the up arrow key The cursor moves to the front of the previous line To move to the front of the next line down type an Escape down arrow H
32. the other hand you sometimes want a formatter to print a portion of your document exactly as you have typed it in ending lines where you have ended them printing tabs and blank lines where you have placed them etc You might for example want to print a chart or a series of columns of numbers par These two different modes of formatting are called fill and no fill Let s take a look at a small piece of a document both in its original and formatted forms skp Original unformatted text skp nfil ind 5 skp nfil skp We ve mentioned filling text several times Understanding what is meant by filled text is crucial to understanding how WordMaster operates on your document fskp fill nind Formatted text skp ind 5 skp We ve mentioned filling text several times Understanding what is meant by filled text is crucial to understanding how WordMaster operates on your document par You can see the difference between the two samples of text above The top sample is what the formatted paragraph looks like in its original form as we edited it The bottom sample is what that same text looks like filled skp nind 11 1 FILLING TEXT fill Section 26 Formatting Samples Page 123 par How did the sample above get transformed into the sample below it WordMaster knows how many characters you want it to print on a formatted line of text page width minus right and left margins Its default formatting instructions say to
33. tin n command at any point in your document Unlike the other two indent commands dind n ind n the tin n command does not cancel out any other indent command This means that if you are double indenting a paragraph you may also use the tin n command to indent a line in that block not from the left margin but from the temporary margin being used by the double indent command You can also use the tin n command in combination with the permanent indent command ind n An example Unformatted sample dind 5 tin 5 We ve asked WordMaster to double indent this block of text five spaces from the left margin and five spaces from the right margin We also want to indent the first line of the block 5 spaces wul in addition to the amount we ve already indented nind Formatted sample We ve asked WordMaster to double indent this block of text five spaces from the left margin and five spaces from the right margin We also want to indent the first line of the block 5 spaces in addition to the amount we ve already indented 19 4 THE NO INDENT COMMAND nind Use the no indent command at any point in your document where you want WordMaster to stop indenting WordMaster does a break when it sees a nind command You can use the no indent command to cancel both permanent and double indenting For example let s say that you ve been double indenting a block of text Use the no indent command at the end of that block to tell WordMaste
34. top of the document WordMaster uses the unit of text just after the header command as the header title Remember from our discussion of the center and underline commands that one unit of text is the text after the command up to a Carriage return or another command group WordMaster sees and remembers the unit of text that you want to use as a header but does not print it in your document at that time Example nrj he THIS IS A HEADER skp 2 WordMaster remembers the words THIS IS A HEADER but does not print them in the document until it needs to print a header title WordMaster prints THIS IS A HEADER at the top of every page just below the page number if you have a page number WordMaster then prints a blank line and begins to print the rest of the page You ll notice that we used the no right justify command nrj along with the header command This is because WordMaster Page 98 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 would otherwise right justify the header You ll have the word THIS at the left margin the word HEADER at the right margin and the words IS A distributed evenly somewhere in between Why you may ask would we want to right justify a header or a footer title As it turns out right justifying a header is often very useful The fact that you can right justify a header allows you to set up multi part headers as we ve done in this manual To set up multi part headers Use the header command and type yo
35. use the reset page number command rpgn n The reset page number value may be any number from l to 65535 Up till now your only option when it came to printing a page number was to either not print it print it or reset it In Part IV Advanced Formatting we will discuss how you can make WordMaster print the current page number at any position on the page Hint for now notice the tops lines of these pages How to Use the Commands If you don t want any page numbering in your document you must use the no page number command npgn first thing in the document making sure that the command group has no text in front of it If you want to turn off page numbering later in the document use the no page numbering command at any place in the document The next time WordMaster goes to print a page number it won t do it You may reset the page number at any time in your document If you don t use the rpgn n command first thing in your document however the first page of your document will be page 1 You may restart page numbering at any time in your document using the page numbering command pgn None of the commands above can cause an error However if you try to use a page number greater than 65535 you will find F RE page number that WordMaster prints is nowhere near to being right An example of a command group containing page numbering commands pgn rpgn 300 Page 60 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 18 6
36. will blink while the Editor is finding the first marked block in your document Then the arrows surrounding that block will disappear You can always mark more than one block of text When you ask the Editor to do something to a block of text it will perform the action on the first marked block of text that it finds in your document Be careful that your blocks are marked correctly If you have several blocks in the document marked incorrectly that is the arrows do not point nward toward the block there is no telling what section of text the Editor may decide is a block When you exit the Editor you don t have to remember to remove any arrows left in your document the Editor will get rid of them Page 34 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 before it writes the copy of your document on the disk 6 1 1 Copying a Block of Text Mark a block of text by typing Escape left arrow and Escape right arrow See above Now move the cursor to the point in your document where you want to insert the marked block Type an Escape Control C Hit the ESCAPE key Release it Hold down the CTRL key while you type a C A copy of your marked block appears at the cursor position without the arrow markers Your marked block remains in its original position still marked with arrows You can use this procedure to copy paragraphs sentences symbols equations anything that you can imagine of any size You can copy a block of text again and again
37. you sometimes want a formatter to print a portion of your document exactly as you have typed it in ending lines where you have ended them printing tabs and blank lines where you have placed them etc You might for example want to print a chart or a series of columns of numbers These two different modes of formatting are called fill and no fill Let s take a look at a small piece of a document both in its original and formatted forms Original unformatted text skp nfil skp We ve mentioned filling text several times Understanding what is meant by filled text is crucial to understanding how WordMaster operates on your document Formatted text We ve mentioned filling text several times Understanding what is meant by filled text is crucial to understanding how WordMaster operates on your document You can see the difference between the two samples of text above The top sample is what the formatted paragraph looks like in its original form as we edited it The bottom sample is what that same text looks like filled 11 1 FILLING TEXT fill How did the sample above get transformed into the sample below it WordMaster knows how many characters you want it to print on a formatted line of text page width minus right and left margins Its default formatting instructions say to fill lines of that width with characters from your document What does Page 62 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 90 that mean
38. 4244 29 9599 29 942JX 3 1 1 The SHIFT and CAPS LOCK Keys 1ll Jud e2 The DELETE KEV ie ewes tossina neses gs sed 3 1 3 The RETURN Key ocoocco5co0v 1Z2 3 1 4 The CONTROL Key ceero ooo eo vao eZ 3 1 5 The ESCAPE KEEP serveres 3 1 6 The Cursor Control Keys Arrow Keys sasiossersn seevs aseavel3 3 2 Operating Your System 88 5413 3 2 1 Placing Disks in the Disk DEAVES 65d 0 nd Sb b eve Fado 54A 95e 93 3 2 2 Loading the System Disk 14 3 3 A Quick Demonstration of the Systen 88 14 3 3 1 Creating a Document sind the Edie osse x1 52152 3 3 2 Printing a Document Using the Printer Driver 15 3 3 3 Formatting a Document Using WordMaster eee et TALKING TO THE TEXT EDITOR PART LLACALs aad ded Gas he aawes a otaewh sara hs kee CREATING A DOCUMENT 5 4 235e0 2 956asc 0229 424 4 1 Choosing a Document Name cccceesececeesesal 4 2 Getting the Editor to Talk to You 22 4 43 Pysplng Your Do cum nk v vdere o6 995242 4 3 1 More About Moving the Cursor 23 4 42 Leaving the Edit r 2 2259 v54 24 22D CHANGING A DOCUMENT ccnuwieeqesevsaesaneeswabaaaaer 5 1 Getting the Editor to Talk to You 27 5 2 Fitting Your Document Into Memory 28 5 3 Getting Rid of A Document on the Disk 29 5 3 1 Finding Out What Documents are OG 3 Disk coc ineane oserosoadycsgasg Section 6 Section 7 Section 8 PA
39. Advanced Formatting Commands Page 105 Section 23 FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF ADVANCED FORMATTING COMMANDS 23 9 Below we list all of the commands that we ve talked about in Part IV For a complete alphabetical list of all of the formatting commands see Appendix A SPECIAL SYMBOLS Non expandable blank Type two of them to get one in text double Current page number symbol RR RR MM Type Command Description Default value HEADER he Header title ohe Odd pg Header ehe Even pg Header FOOTER fo Footer title ofo Odd pg Footer efo Even pg Footer INDENT ind n Permanent indent characters dind n Double indent characters tin n Temporary indent characters Indent one line BEGIN PAGE bpg Begin new page bop Begin odd page start text only on odd t page LOCAL COMMANDS ce n Center unit of text l unit cap n Capitalize unit l unit ul n Underline unit 1 unit wul n Underline words only l unit SPECIAL COMMANDS ne n Need n lines on page 1 line par Do paragraph break same as skp tin 5 Page 196 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Part V Trouble Shooting Page 107 PART V TROUBLE SHOOTING Well now you are an experienced WordMaster user Still once in a while you wind up with something that doesn t look quite right What now
40. First a word on what an Escape character is We ve been using Escape characters throughout this section An Escape character is just another kind of character like a Control character or an upper case character As we ve mentioned to type an Escape character hit the ESCAPE key Release it Now type a key on the keyboard So to type an Escape A hit the ESCAPE key Release it Then type an A It often happens that a particular phrase or name occurs frequently within a document Naturally you get tired of typing McPherson s amp Sons Ltd every few lines You can teach the Editor to type such phrases for itself Follow the instructions below If you are not already using the Editor as you read this section please do so now The explanation that follows will be easier to understand if you are actually using the Editor Refer back to Section 4 Creating a Document if you need a reminder on how to run the Editor Let s say that you are actually in the process of using the Editor to create or change a document Now you are going to teach the Editor about the phrases you want it to type for you You do this by telling the Editor to associate a specific Escape character with a specific phrase 1 Pick a key on the keyboard Hit the ESCAPE key Release it Now hold down the SHIFT key and type an Next type the key that you ve picked Now you see two cursors next to each other This is your signal that the Editor is ready to memorize
41. Format Option Do you want only one space at the end of every sentence Otherwise I will put two spaces Y or N Whenever you type a document you usually put two spaces at the end of every sentence WordMaster does this automatically for you Now WordMaster is pretty smart about deciding what constitutes an end of sentence but it doesn t have your human ability to reason This is what WordMaster thinks is an end of sentence 1 a terminal punctuation mark followed by a space A terminal punctuation mark is a period exclamation mark question mark or an ellipsis 2 a terminal punctuation mark followed by a quotation mark and a space and 3 a terminal punctuation mark followed by a right parenthesis and a space WordMaster will not catch any other sentence ends If you don t want WordMaster to put two spaces at the end of every sentence answer the above question Y 14 4 WHAT HAPPENS WHEN WORDMASTER IS DONE When WordMaster finishes reading your document it displays this message on the screen The input file is empty Hit the RETURN key if you are through Otherwise please give the name of a new text file to format You often want to print a document that is made up of several smaller ones WordMaster allows you to keep adding documents onto your formatted printout You can imagine that in the case of formatting this manual for example this ability is very useful When you see the message above WordMaster has not
42. However with the aid of a formatter it becomes extremely easy to change a document s format 2 2 INTRODUCTION TO WORDMASTER Given the computer s incredible speed and resistance to boredom why not make it retype documents for you recenter lines change margins etc The purpose of a text formatter is to relieve you of the tedious details that are inevitable when you change the form of a document In fact it takes so little time to change the format of your text that you will find yourself making those small changes in your documents that you always knew you wanted to but simply never before had the time to do We have already roughly defined formatting as the arrangement of your words on paper Besides the obvious things like the number of printed lines on each piece of paper the width of the lines the indentation values etc WordMaster pays attention to page numbering centering and underlining groups of words right justifying and many other things You ve probably noticed that WordMaster formatted this manual Here is a partial list of the kinds of things that WordMaster can do for you Print pages of text of specific length and width and with specific margins Print header and footer titles on even and or odd numbered pages Headers and footers are certain lines of text that WordMaster prints at the top and the bottom of every page Number pages with the page number either at the top of the page or ins
43. LOAD button When you get your System Disk your Printer Driver already knows about these printers Diablo Qume and Terminet The Printer Driver also knows about two other devices that it thinks are printers Null and Screen 8 1 SETTING UP THE PRINTER DRIVER FOR YOUR PRINTER If you have a printer hook it up to the machine and turn it on See the Printer Interface Manual for information on connecting printers to the computer Make sure that the printing mechanism is set to the top of the page To tell the Printer Driver which printer you are going to use after a prompt type Printer Printer name Hit RETURN Printer name is the name of the printer you want to use The Printer Driver and the printer cooperate together to set up tab stops every eight spaces across the printer carriage The Printer Driver then tells the printer to advance to the next page do a form feed If the description that tbe Printer Driver has of your printer says to do a top page margin the Printer Driver does so This description can also specify a left margin for the Printer Driver to use When the system responds with another the Printer Driver is ready to send symbols to that printer Now you can go ahead and do other things on the system Until you turn off the machine or push the LOAD button the Printer Driver will remember which printer you want to use If your printer is not a Qume Diablo or Terminet you must teach the Printer Driver about
44. M EXEC When printing from Exec use Printer PRINT DIRECTORY and PAGE For information regarding these Exec commands see Section 5 The Executive Briefly You usually don t have to use the Printer command to print Assuming you ve designated a printer as your default printer the system will assume that you want to print on the default printer whenever you use PRINT or DIRECTORY If you want to use some printer other than the default printer you must first give the Printer command followed by the name of the desired printer Printer Diablo SPRINT filename Of course the printer driver can only run printers it s been taught to run see below Page 128 WordMaster Printer Driver PolyMorphic Systems PRINT filename prints out the requested file DIRECTORY n prints out the directory of the disk in drive n PAGE causes the printer to execute a form feed 12 2 PRINTING FROM BASIC To use the printer driver from BASIC you must use two types of statements in BASIC l The printer must be attached to BASIC This is done with the following statement 10 FILE c LIST where c is the channel to which the printer is attached 2 The user must provide BASIC PRINT statements in the follow ing format 20 PRINT c print list EXAMPLE 10 FILE 2 LIST 20 FOR I 1 TO 10 30 PRINT 2 TAB I Test the Printer Driver 40 NEXT You can also use LIST 2 XREF 2 DUMP 2 For more information see the System Library volume BASIC A Manu
45. MMAND skp n Default value 1 line It s probable that the skip command is the command that you will use the most You know that when WordMaster fills text it ignores any blank lines in your document This is so you can separate blocks of text in your original document with blank lines without worrying about how those blank lines will affect the ultimate format of the document The skip command allows you to explicitly demand blank lines in the formatted document You may specify from 1 to 255 blank lines If all you want is one blank line you do not have to type skp 1 a skp is sufficient since 1 is the skip command default value This will not cause an error How to Use the Command You may use a skip command at any point in your document that you want a blank line The skip command skp n also does a break see Section 12 1 above WordMaster breaks off its current formatted line and prints the line WordMaster then prints the correct number of blank lines and starts a new formatted line with the text after the skip command WordMaster will not print more blank lines than you have room for on the current page Let s say that you have the Section 12 Breaking and Skipping Page 47 command skp 5 in your document If WordMaster has room left for only three lines on the current page when it reaches your skip command WordMaster will only print three blank lines It will NOT print two blank lines at the top of the next
46. Master prints an arrow that points to the particular trouble spot the unrecognizable command the illegal command value whatever Formatting errors are errors which occur while WordMaster is trying to format your text In other words they are the kinds of errors that WordMaster can t spot right off while it is reading your document Only when it starts to format does it realize that your instructions just won t work For example you ve told it to center a line of text but that line is longer than the current formatted line width total page width minus left and right margins You ll see Pormatting Error the line of text that is too long to center This line is too long to center You ll notice that WordMaster doesn t put out an arrow for Formatting errors That is because it s the whole line that is causing problems not a particular part of it The purpose behind printing the line of your document is so that you can get some idea of where the problem is The Input line errors always point to the exact line that is giving problems This is because WordMaster finds these errors right at the moment that it is reading from your document Formatting error messages point to a line from your document that is very close to where the problem is but not necessarily the problem spot This is because WordMaster may run into a formatting error Page 119 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 at any time while it is formatting you
47. O System 88 1978 Interactive Products Corporation For ease of preparation from first draft to final type m PARGA Ey pam pe PolvMornhic PolyMorphic Systems 460 Ward Drive Santa Barbara California 9344 805 967 0468 System 88 WordMaster PolyMorphic Systems 460 Ward Drive Santa Barbara Califomia 9311 805 967 2351 System 88 Word Processing User s Guide to WordMaster 2 0 WordMaster was designed and implemented by Robin C Soto who also wrote this manual 810153 O PREFACE The WordMaster printer driver is not the same printer driver as is on your System Disk The WordMaster disk contains Printer 30 which is described in Appendix B of this manual When using the WordMaster disk you can not create sub directories Section 1 PART I INTRODUCTION TO Section 2 Section 3 PART II INTRODUCTION TO Section 4 Section 5 CONTENTS PAGE INTRODUCTION TO THE MANUAL cccccnsccccvuvecceceel Lad RES Mamnu digesvew4x vex mort 92x FORE Swe aa lad 1 2 The Contents of This Manual saveesranenennr2 INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM 88 WORD PROCESSING PART Iu dg ald bread b Sea 2d 5 DS DOO sakna INTRODUCTION TO WORD PROCESSING ON FAR SYSTEM HS Lus 9e 2444 x9 Kea A SR we OMe 2 1 Introduction to the Text Editort 55 7 2 2 Introduction to WordMaster c eee SB A FIRST LOOK AT THE SYSTEM 88 4 560 amp 4c L J l THE Keyboard 22492
48. Page 56 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 the old partial line using the old margin value The new line that starts with the text just after the margin command will be printed using the new margin value 19 1 LINES PER PAGE COMMAND lpp n Default value The Printer Driver lines per page value that is in its description of your printer The lines per page command tells WordMaster the length of the paper that you are using in your printer The value that follows the command gives the total possible printed lines on the page This is NOT the number of lines of text that you want printed on the page but is the potential number of lines that could be printed on the page if you were to print a line of text at every possible position on the page from the very top to the very bottom of the paper This number will vary depending on your printer For a Diablo or Qume printer the lines per page value is about 45 or 64 Experiment with your particular printer to find the lines per page value that works for you The default lines per page value the value that WordMaster uses if you do not use the lines per page command is the value that the Printer Driver is using for your printer How to Use the Command ee WordMaster must know your page size before it begins to format any of your document Therefore if you are going to use a lines per page command make sure that the command is in the first command group of your docum
49. RT III INTRODUCTION TO Section 9 Section 19 Section 11 Section 12 5 3 2 Erasing a Document from SHE DIIKE FLE Sae KLATRER IG REG 5 4 What to Do if the Document Won t BIS on the DISK mens sce kh2seenssouanes RS eae SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE EDITOR cvcasneacsessedc 6 1 Copying Erasing and Moving Blocks of Text rasaaaoneapub aduerebeensim 33 5 1 1 Copying a Block o TEx cenres ortesi Erasing a Block of Text 234 6 1 2 6 1 3 Moving a Block of Textisvvevssarsrendd 6 1 4 Printing a Block of Text 34 6 2 Merging and Splitting Documents 34 6 2 1 Merging DOCUMENES osc ds vice oe 525 3 a 3D 6 2 2 Spilitting Documents smsen seen Se 6 3 Finding a Specific Group of Symbols 37 6 4 Using Escape Characters to Save Yourself Nork esen EaRumMeAnR e Ox P ER haa net FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF EDITOR COMMANDS 41 PRINTING AN UNFORMATTED DOCUMENT THE PRINTER DRIVERS eee SUE RATIS ARA LR snek eee VD 8 1 Setting Up the Printer Driver for Your Pr ntef oso Make enn tes 445 8 2 Printer NULL and Printer Screen 46 8 3 Printing a Document ceo ooo oo ooo e 46 BEGINNING TO FORMAT PART LII i ie dsec e4 9444499 va V R0 94 9 79 60 9 9 V YT A FIRST LOOK AT FORMATTING COMMANDS 4 49 9 1 What s a Formatting Command 49 9 2 What Do Formatting Commands Look LikeP q444 9 94 4 AS 4 49 Aca Sea VA RCM 9 3 WordMaster Assumptio
50. TER o eco55222225527J 14 1 Setting Up the Printerusatesvunsemesdssevaudd 14 2 Getting WordMaster to Talk to You 73 14 3 Formatting Opt onS 44 599955 22a 19 14 3 1 Wait at End of Every Page OptiOn 42 242 6 e94222a213 14 3 2 Exit on Error Optioni 5o e 15 14 3 3 Error Reporting Option easceneest5 14 3 4 Sentence Format Option 76 14 4 What Happens When WordMaster is Do na 5 594 9 95 44 5 v4 1D 14 5 Exiting WordMaster 4a2 2256 c eo9 75e v2 17 14 6 Using the Keyboard to Talk to WordMasEef e ens ce9 9 99 0595 2 sanse dd FUNCTIONAL SUMMMARY OF BASIC FORMATTING COMMANDS 6 2 44 oe m dO NP oe o6 A o ee STAR o ale r L ADVANCED FORMATTING PART IV sre ee ow o9 est o 9 9 8 9 9 9 NN GR hv WORDMASTER SPECIAL SYMBOLS seems 2283 16 1 The Non Expandable Blank Q 83 16 2 The Current Page Number Symbol aa a BG 16 25 51 Sample DBGlo luj4 2v9 94e 92 Y 752 BS HOW TO CENTER UNDERLINE AND CAPITALIZE 87 17 1 Center Command ce nl 4 5 5 99 52 25 BB 17 2 Capitalize Command cap n 89 17 3 Word Only Underline Command wul n 89 17 4 Underline Command ul n 90 BEGINNING A NEW PAGE 6 Oo feo Soe Sees obese ve IL 18 1 The Begin Page Command bpgl 91 18 2 The Begin Odd Page Command bop 92 INDENTS PERMANENT
51. When WordMaster sees the par it really sees a skp tin 5 right So you might expect that WordMaster would do two skips after the word approval It doesn t You may remember from our discussion in Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands that if you have two command groups separated by only a carriage return and each group has a command in common the latest occurrence of that command takes precedence The example above is equivalent to We hope that this plan meets with your approval skp skp tin 5 Now for the next item So in the case above WordMaster does only one skip If you want more than one blank line between paragraphs do not use the par command instead use something like this skp 2 tin 5 21 2 THE NEED COMMAND ne n Default value 1 line When you produce reports and other documents you ve probably had the frustrating experience of finding a section title at the bottom of the page while its accompanying section appeared on the next page This kind of thing is hard to deal with because no sooner do you add a blank line in front of the offending title to move it to the next page than you find that Page 102 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 you have now shifted another title to the bottom of another page The need command was designed to combat this problem When you think that there is a possibility that a certain section may not fit ona page use the need command The need command tells WordMa
52. a document on other disks It is often necessary to do so if your documents will not fit on the System Disk But to make our explanations simple we will pretend that you have only one disk drive If you should want to use the other drives please refer to the System 88 User s Manual Section 3 Disk Specifiers and Section 10 The Editor We are now going to go through the process of creating a document step by step Turn on the machine and load the System Disk See Section po JA Operating your System 88 for instructions 4 1 CHOOSING A DOCUMENT NAME First choose a name for your document This name must be less than 31 symbols long and cannot contain any of the following symbols comma space period tab plus sign carriage return or an escape You should not use Control characters in your name and do not use the single symbol name The document name can have upper and lower case letters in it as well as numbers You will tell the Editor to assign this name to your Page 22 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 document After the Editor saves the document on the disk you can re edit that document 4 2 GETTING THE EDITOR TO TALK TO YOU You need to tell the system that you want to use the Editor After a prompt type EDIT document name Hit RETURN The document name is the name that you have chosen for your document Now the screen clears You see a message in the upper left hand corner of the screen Edit
53. act breaking and skipping are two of the most important things that a formatter does You have probably noticed the skip command skp and the break command br in our examples throughout the manual Now it s time to finally explain what they mean When WordMaster is filling text it builds formatted lines by fitting as many whole words from our document as it can on each line It also ignores blank lines in your document That s fine for most purposes Still what if you don t want a full line What if you want blank lines It would be very awkward if you couldn t set titles apart from the rest of the document for example 12 1 THE BREAK COMMAND br When WordMaster sees a break command in your document it stops building the formatted line even if it isn t full yet and prints that partial line Now it begins building a new formatted line with the text directly after the break command This act of breaking off the old formatted line and starting a new one we call doing a break You will use this command a great deal An important thing to remember is that many formatting commands also do a break For instance when you change some margin values or indentation values WordMaster does a break This is so that it is completely clear to you which text is affected by the new values WordMaster prints the text behind the command using the old values The text directly in front of the command starts a new line which will be printed using t
54. ad a portion of a document line with no spaces that is larger than the indented formatted line It won t fit Or you might have used the ul n command on a unit of text This unit might be so long that another word from your document cannot fit on the formatted line with it When WordMaster tries to right justify it it can t find any Spaces since they re all underlined so it thinks the line is all one long word This line is too long to center You gave WordMaster a unit of text to center that is longer than the legal formatted line width You must make the line shorter Your indents are too large You tried to specify indent values so large that WordMaster cannot print a line of text For example if you say that page width is 50 wid 50 but set a permanent indent of 60 ind 60 WordMaster knows that a line of negative width isn t possible It ignores your indent values when this error occurs Lines per page value too small I ll use the default values WordMaster keeps track of how many lines per page it needs to take care of page set up For instance it needs a certain amount of lines on a page to print a page number line to print a header to print a footer etc If it decides that you have not allowed it enough lines per page it will issue this error Then it uses the default lines per page value and resets the bottom and top margins to zero The default lines per page value is whatever value the Printer Driver is
55. al 12 2 1 Testing a BASIC Program on a System Without a Printer Often it is desirable to test a BASIC program with PRINT statements when no printer is available You can do this with the Printer Driver by simply declaring Screen to be the desired printer Thereafter output to the printer will appear on the video screen 12 3 ADAPTING THE PRINTER DRIVER THE PRINTER EDITOR As said above the printer driver always assumes that you want to print on the printer you have designated as the default printer unless you tell it to use some other printer You can invoke another printer that the printer driver knows about by typing Printer followed by the name of the printer How does the printer driver learn how to run various printers You teach it You add delete and change printer definitions by using the Printer command Type Printer then hit the carriage return This invokes a printer editor Using this editor you can PolyMorphic Systems WordMaster Printer Driver Page 129 1 Tell the printer driver the characteristics of an additional printer 2 View the characteristics of a previously defined printer 3 Choose a previously defined printer as the printer to be initialized at system startup the default printer 4 Delete the characteristics of a previously defined printer 5 Rename a previously defined printer 6 Return to Exec After you type Printer the following will appear on the screen Commands NEW
56. ange a single formatting command in your document Page 10 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 3 A First Look at the System 88 Page 11 Section 3 A FIRST LOOK AT THE SYSTEM 88 3 9 This section serves as an introduction to your computer We ll talk about some of the physical components of the System 88 and then we ll go step by step through a brief demonstration of the software components of your word processing system If you would like more information about the non word processing capabilities of your machine refer to the System 88 User s Manual Remember that this section is meant as a brief introduction to your computer you will find a much fuller description in the System 88 User s Manual If you are already a practiced user of the System 88 Editor and system software you probably will want to skip this section On the other hand you might enjoy the review To set up your machine see the System Set Up and Unpacking Instructions To hook your printer up to the computer see the Printer Interface Manual 3 1 THE KEYBOARD Take a look at the keyboard that comes with your machine You will see that it looks a lot like a typewriter keyboard In general you type on the keyboard in exactly the same way as if you were typing on a typewriter The main difference is that the symbols you type are entered into the computer and you see them on the video screen instead of appearing on paper There are some other dif
57. are symbols that WordMaster sees while it is reading your document The commands tell WordMaster how to format according to your desires 9 2 WHAT DO FORMATTING COMMANDS LOOK LIKE How does WordMaster know that a group of symbols is a command rather than just more text to format WordMaster reads any symbols surrounded by curly brackets as formatting commands So if WordMaster sees a line which says As per your letter of the tenth skp it immediately knows that Leko is not something to format but is instead a formatting command Formatting commands are groups of letters from two to four characters e g skp ce pgn They are always lower case You can have more than one command within a set of curly brackets as long as you separate them with commas ce skp pgn cap A set of curly brackets that contains one or more commands is called a command group The order of the commands within a command group makes no difference ce skp is the same thing as saying skp ce WordMaster reads and understands your command groups but never prints them in your document Some commands have values that accompany them For example the lines per page command lpp n tells WordMaster how many printed lines fit on the paper you are using in your printer Page 56 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 1 From now on when we mention a command look to see if the command symbols are followed by a space and a small n For example lp
58. ase check the part number of the disk you received to make sure that it is compatable with your system Single Density System 88 5 WordMaster System Disk No 820131 Double Density System 88 5 WordMaster System Disk No 826162 Single Sided System 88 MS 8 WordMaster System Disk No 820166 Double Sided System 88 MS 8 WordMaster System Disk No 8260166 1 1 THIS MANUAL The major purpose of this manual is to teli you how to use the PolyMorphic Systems Text Formatter WordMaster More importantly though we want you to feel at ease with both of the major components of the System 88 word processing system WordMaster and the Text Editor since you ll be using both of them often We want to tell you not just how to work WordMaster and the Editor but how to use them an entirely different subject Page 2 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 To that end we ve divided up the manual into five parts each of which builds logically upon the information in previous sections There is very little theory in this manual think of it as a how to do it book We will often ask you to work with us by trying some of the examples in this manual You will get the maximum use out of this manual if you sit down with it in front of the machine and use it as a learning tool After you ve become proficient using WordMaster you will probably only need to refer occasionally to the reference sheets in the manual which summarize WordMaster and Editor
59. at you want to underline Unformatted example wul 2 ce Order Desk Procedure skplItem 1 Formatted example Order Desk Procedure Page 94 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 17 4 UNDERLINE COMMAND ul n Default value 1 unit of text The ul n command underlines an entire unit of text That means everything in the section spaces tabs and punctuation You usually will want to use the word only underline command wul n see above How to Use the Command Place the ul n command before any units of text that you want to underline There are two important things to remember Because the ul n command underlines spaces WordMaster cannot break that unit of text between words WordMaster splits text between words when it sees a space So never use the ul n command on a unit of text that is longer than the current formatted line WordMaster will not be able to split the unit to form two lines out of it You will see the error message I can t break this line between words there are no spaces The ul n command underlines spaces So if you say ul ce Weekly Report WordMaster is going to underline all of the Spaces in the unit of text Weekly Report As you saw in the example above you can use the ul n command in combination with other commands ce ul skp 2 Accounts Payable Section 18 Beginning a New Page Page 91 Section 18 BEGINNING A NEW PAGE 18 0 An important aspect of formatting
60. can t It s easy to find any occurences of the special symbols in your document Use the Editor s Control F Find command to find a single or a double Then change them We ve already mentioned that you should always hit RETURN at the end of every screen line This is because both the Printer Driver and WordMaster define a line of text as being the symbols between two carriage return symbols Even if it looks like two separate lines if there is no RETURN at the end of the first screen line you really only have one line When you print that line or when WordMaster reads that line you will have trouble So Always make sure that you have hit a RETURN at the end of every screen line or at least that the screen line only overlaps onto the next line by a few characters Go back and insert RETURNS if you need to Remember that generally the width of the line that WordMaster prints has no relationship to the width of the line in your original document so don t think that your document is limited to the 64 character screen width Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands Page 53 When you are ready to insert formatting commands move the cursor to the place in the document where you want your first set of commands Type a left curly bracket and then type the command or commands you need to insert Remember to place commas between the commands and a space between a command and its value Now type a curly right bracket One of the
61. d be to look at Section 24 WordMaster Error Messages But sometimes even if you haven t caused an error you may just be displeased with a particular part of your document or you may not quite understand why WordMaster did something the way that it did This section presents some common problems and gives you some advice and sympathy Remember if you don t like the look of something experiment You may be surprised at how big a change just inserting an extra carriage return or changing a lines per page value can make If something doesn t seem to be working right do a little fine tuning by just moving things around a bit in your document 25 1 SOME PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS I wanted WordMaster to right justify my header or footer but it came out too small the right most word isn t at the right margin You had some indentation values in effect when you specified your header If you are formatting more than one document at a time to make one big document make sure that you use a nind command at the front of each document Otherwise if you had an indent command in effect at the end of the last document those indent values are still being used even while WordMaster is right justifying your new header My footer or header title is spread all over the formatted line I didn t want all those spaces in there If you don t want your headers evenly distributed across the formatted line be sure and use the no right justify command
62. e Printer Driver knows what printer you are going to use and that the printer is hooked up Mark the block of text Type an Escape Control P to print the block Finding a Group of Characters Type a Control F Now type the group of symbols you want to find When you are done hit the ESCAPE key To continue the search type a Control C Section 7 Functional Summary of Editor Commands Defining Escape characters Hit the ESCAPE key Type an Type a character a group of symbols Hit the ESCAPE key Escape characters you ve defined type mark Exiting the Editor To leave the Editor Escape Control E Page 43 Now type To see what an Escape question Page 44 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 8 Printing an Unformatted Document Page 45 Section 8 PRINTING AN UNFORMATTED DOCUMENT THE PRINTER DRIVER 8 0 We ve mentioned the Printer Driver before It acts as an intermediary between the computer and your printer All of the parts of the system use the Printer Driver This includes the Editor when you send a block of text to the printer using the Escape Control P command WordMaster and the system itself the PRINT command The Printer Driver makes Sure that the characters the computer sends to the printer are at the proper speed and in the form that your printer can understand The System software automatically starts up the Printer Driver every time you turn on the machine or reset the machine hit the
63. e care that your insertions do not push the Screen line so far to the right that the line wraps around by more than a few words on the next line If the line does get that long insert a RETURN before or after the command group When you ve finished inserting commands exit the Editor Now your document contains formatting commands and is ready to be read by WordMaster Page 54 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 Section 19 Setting up a Page Page 55 Section 140 SETTING UP A PAGE 198 0 A formatter s most basic function is to set up the page format so that it prints each page of your document with the proper margins and the proper number of lines per page The first thing that WordMaster has to know is the size of your paper You specify the size of your paper by using the lines per page command lpp n and the page width command wid n With the margin commands you also tell WordMaster what size margins you want it to use lm n rm n tm n bm n If you don t provide this information WordMaster has some default instructions that it uses to determine page size and margin values We ll mention those default values below when we talk about the specific commands that you use to set up a page Remember that we re talking about the total size of your paper When we talk about page width we re not talking about how wide you want your printed line to be We re talking about the total number of characters that you could print
64. e characters that you define are good only for the time that you are in the Editor That means that next time you use the Editor those definitions are gone and you must define those Escape characters anew Page 40 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 Section 7 Functional Summary of Editor Commands Page 41 Section 7 FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF EDITOR COMMANDS 7 0 Below is a quick summary of all of the Editor commands and features that we ve discussed in this manual If you would like more information about the Editor see the System 88 User s Manual Section 10 The Editor Waking the Editor After a prompt type EDIT document name pr EDIT document namel document name2 Erasing Text in Your Document To delete one character DELETE key To delete one word Control W To delete one line of text Control X To delete first marked block of text Escape SHIFT DELETE Moving the Cursor Throughout Your Document One character to the right Right arrow key Cursor jumps to the front of the next line after you reach end of current line One character to the left Left arrow key Cursor jumps to the end of the previous line after you reach the front of current line One line up Up arrow key Cursor moves to position directly above current cursor position One line down Down arrow key Cursor moves to position directly below current cursor position Beginning of previous line Escape up arrow key Beginning of next line Escape
65. e disk under the first document name Output file closed From now on or until you type another Escape Control 0 the Editor will save any of your text under the new document name Section 6 Special Features of the Editor Page 37 Output file opened You can split up your document even further by following the procedure above again 6 3 FINDING A SPECIFIC GROUP OF SYMBOLS Suppose you realize that you ve misspelled separate throughout your document It would be tedious to move the cursor a line at a time searching for an occurence of the word so that you could fix it Make the Editor search for you Type a Control B to move to the front of your document Now type a Control F In the place of the one cursor you will now see two This is your signal that the Editor is waiting for you to type in a group of letters or symbols Type in the word or group of symbols that you want the Editor to find for you You can type about 30 characters Now hit the ESCAPE key to tell the Editor that you are done entering the search item The second cursor now disappears Now one of two things will happen 1 The single cursor remains where it is and doesn t blink This means that the Editor cannot find the symbols that you entered Make sure that you have typed the symbols exactly as they appear in the document For example if you misspelled the word separate make sure that you typed the word in its misspelled form and not as you want it to look af
66. e is on If you have an 8813 turn the key in the lock to the right The red light above the lock will come on to tell you that the machine is on 3 2 1 Placing Disks in the Disk Drives Your computer stores data on a small flexible device known aS a minifloppy diskette This type of disk holds over 89 000 symbols This represents about 40 pages of single spaced text Take the disk out of the white paper envelope but don t remove the black cardboard holder The disk itself is the round magnetic recording device which revolves within the black cardboard holder You can see it through the cutouts in the cardboard Never touch the disk surface and don t write on the disk label except very lightly with a felt pen The black slots in the front of your machine are the doors to the disk drives the devices which read and write data on and to the disk The slot on the far left or the ONLY slot in the case of the 8810 is the System Drive This is the drive in which you must place your disk labeled System Disk Now Page 14 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 we ll put the System Disk in the System Drive If you have an 8813 Take the disk and hold it so that the disk label is to the left and the cutout notch is facing down Now open the System Drive door and insert the disk If you have an 8810 Take the disk and hold it so that the label faces up and the cutout notch is to the left Insert it in the drive 3 2 2 Loading the System D
67. e of the screen one line down Although it may look like you have two lines you actually only have one So you have two screen lines but only one real line This becomes important later because if you print the document you created using the Editor the printer will not wrap around the text A printer prints one line of text the group of symbols between two carriage returns as one line of text even if that line is one or two hundred characters long Since your paper is only wide enough for 90 or so symbols you could have problems WordMaster reads your document a line at a time the line must be less than 127 symbols in length The point we are trying to get fe is always hit RETURN at the end of a screen ne 4 3 1 More About Moving the Cursor Think of the screen as a window into your document You can see fifteen lines at a time a screen full As you move within your document the window moves too If you are at the end of the screen and you move the cursor down the lines on the Screen will scroll up so you see new lines of text at the bottom of the screen and old lines disappear from the top We 11 talk about how to move the cursor one line at a time and one screen page at a time A summary of the use of the cursor control keys To move to the right use the key marked with the right arrow When the cursor reaches the end of the line it jumps down to the front of the next line To move to the left use the key marked with
68. e value you supplied is too big WordMaster thinks that it is bigger than the total lines per page lpp n value Is your lines per page big enough Your input line was too long I had to split it You forgot a RETURN at the end of a screen line WordMaster tried to go ahead and split your one line into two lines of more manageable length Still you could have trouble if WordMaster had to split the line in the middle of a command group You d better re edit your document and check your RETURNs Formatting Errors I can t right justify this line it s too big You somehow got WordMaster to try to keep a document line unbroken that is too long for the formatted line This could happen if you specified a header or footer containing a lot of non expandable blanks 8 or simply a header or footer that is too long WordMaster will try to fit it on a line the width of the current formatted line It won t work Except for header and footer titles this error is rare because WordMaster can usually break a line between words so that it will fit on a line and can be right justified Make the line smaller make sure it has spaces in it Page 112 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 I can t right justify this line there are no spaces You tried to present WordMaster with a document line that it wants to right justify but can t because there are no spaces on the line You might get this if you specified a large indent and then h
69. ect on your text For example when you use the right justify command rj you turn on right justification for the entire document until you turn it off using nrj When you change the left margin with a lm n command that left margins stays at the new value until you change it again For the first time we re going to talk about some commands that affect only a certain section of text at a time These are the center cen capitalize cap n and underline wul n ul n commands These four commands there are two different kinds of underlining commands affect a piece of your text and not the entire document So the important question for now is how can you tell what portions of text are affected by these commands when you use them in your document You remember that when WordMaster fills text it doesn t pay any attention to the carriage return symbols in your document when it decides at what word to start a new formatted line However WordMaster does remember where the carriage return symbols were so that it can make the following judgements Whenever you use a center capitalize or underline command WordMaster has to decide which text you want to affect It acts upon the text that lies between that command group and a carriage return or another command group We ll call this one unit of text Unformatted example Chapter 25 contains ul numerous typographical errors Formatted example Chapter 25 contains numerous typographical
70. ection 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE MANUAL 1 0 Until recently word processing systems were generally computer controlled machines that were large and very expensive They were sophisticated and complicated and large corporations such as major newspapers or publishing houses spent hundreds of thousands of dollars for such systems Besides the obvious disadvantages of size and price the main drawback to using these systems was the fact that they could only do word processing Most businessmen however realized that it would not be cost efficient for them to buy one computer system to do their accounts receivable one system to enter inventory changes and another to handle their need for word processing This is where the microcomputer revolution comes in For the first time word processing is within the reach of a wide variety of people owners of small businesses researchers writers teachers and so on Because many of the people who use the System 88 will not necessarily have experience in the use of computers or in professional word processing the System 88 programs WordMaster and the Text Editor that work with you to do word processing are Simple to use and understand Even if you ve never seen a computer before with a little practice you will soon feel comfortable and skillfull using these tools NOTE The different WordMaster System Disks are listed below beneath the particular PolyMorphic System in which they are to be used Ple
71. ee is WARNING I canot print your formatted text because there is no Printer Driver on your System Disk Do you want to continue Y or N If you see either one of these messages it means that you didn t set up the printer properly Either the Printer Driver thinks that you want to use Printer Null or the system was not able to find your Printer Driver on the System Disk In either case WordMaster will not be able to print anything The reason why WordMaster gives you the option of continuing with the formatting is that on occasion it is very useful to format a document without sending any symbols to a printer just so you can see if WordMaster was able to format the document without error WordMaster reports all errors on the screen as they occur Once you know that there are no errors in the document you can set the Printer Driver to a real printer and reformat the document This time WordMaster will send the document to the printer If you do not see either warning you know that WordMaster believes you to be using a printer WordMaster now asks Is the printer set to the top of the page If not I will do a form feed for you Y or N If you say Y make sure that the printer is set to the very top of the page If you say N check the printer after WordMaster advances to the top of the next page and re adjust the paper if necessary so that the printing mechanism is at the very top of the page Then hit the Set Top of For
72. em will tell you if it found your document and deleted it Once you delete a document you won t be able to edit or format it If you use the LIST command to see what items are on the disk it will look like your document is no longer on the disk Well it is still there and the space it uses is not yet free for other use At this point you can get the document back by using the UNDELETE command After a prompt type UNDELETE Page 3f System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 60 Hit RETURN This will undelete all of the deleted items on the System Disk The system will tell you the names of all of the items on the disk that it undeleted Let s say that you have deleted all of the documents that you don t need any more To remove them entirely from the disk and reclaim the space they used on the disk use the PACK command After a prompt type PACK Hit RETURN After a few moments the system tells you it is done packing the disk it displays the prompt 5 4 WHAT TO DO IF THE DOCUMENT WON T FIT ON THE DISK Every once in a while if you haven t been careful about deleting and packing your disk you will try to edit a document only to find that the new version of the document will not fit on the disk How do you know this The Editor is thoughtful enough to warn you when you ask it to edit a document larger than the remaining space on the disk You will see Output file Opened WARNING The entire output file will not fi
73. ent and that no text precedes the group In other words make sure that no spaces tabs or other characters are before this command group To make sure that there are no spaces in front of the first command group position the cursor to the left of the command group s left curly bracket and hit the DELETE key until the cursor no longer moves to the left An example of a command group containing the lines per page command lpp 57 wid 79 skp The order of the commands within a command group makes no difference i If WordMaster needs more lines per page than you have specified to print page numbers report an error etc you will see Lines per page value too small I will use the default values In this case WordMaster uses its default lines per page value It also resets the top and bottom margins to zero This makes sure Section 10 Setting up a Page Page 57 that WordMaster has enough room on the page to print a line of your document 19 2 PAGE WIDTH COMMAND wid n Default value 88 characters The page width command tells WordMaster the width of the paper that you are using The page width value is the total number of characters that WordMaster could possibly print from the left to the right edge of the paper This number is NOT the number of characters that you want to print on each line WordMaster determines that value by subtracting any left and right margins from the page width Experiment with your pri
74. errors Unformatted example Speaking wul statistically and wul traditionally cap both concepts are valid Formatted example Speaking statistically and traditionally BOTH concepts are valid You notice that in the examples above we did not supply a command value with the commands If you do not supply a command value with the center capitalize and underline commands Page 88 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 WordMaster assumes that you want to use their default values 1 _ unit of text So ce is the same as ce 1 17 1 CENTER COMMAND ce n Default value 1 unit of text Use the center command to center units of text Remember that a unit is the section of text following the center command up to another command group or a carriage return The center command does a break before it centers your unit of text Unformatted example ce 3 THIRD ANNUAL Company Picnic skp 2 Transportation The sample above tells WordMaster to center the next three units of text THIRD ANNUAL Company Picnic and Transportation Notice that we use a skip command somewhere in there skp 2 The center command pays no attention to other commands except for the fact that they mark the end of a unit of text Formatted example THIRD ANNUAL 3 Company Picnic Transportation You can center up to 255 units of text at a time with one center command How to Use the Command Place the ce n command in front of the units
75. errupt current action Control I Types a tab that is moves the cursor to the right across the screen to the next tab stop Tab stops are every eight spaces across the screen starting from the left edge Or use the TAB key Section 3 A First Look at the System 88 Page 13 Control D Deletes one symbol Or use DELETE key The Text Editor recognizes other Control characters as commands We will talk about those characters when we discuss the Editor in Part II Talking to the Text Editor 3 1 5 The ESCAPE Key Like the Control key the Escape key is a key which enables you to type a new kind of symbol To type an Escape character hit the Escape key on the left side of your keyboard labeled ESC Release the Escape key Then type the appropriate symbol For example to type an Escape E hit the ESC key Release ESC and type an E You will be using Escape characters later when you use the Editor and WordMaster 3 1 6 The Cursor Control Keys Arrow Keys The Text Editor recognizes the cursor control keys the four keys marked with arrows located on the right hand side of the keyboard While you are using the Editor you can move the cursor around in your text up down or sideways by hitting one of these cursor control keys 3 2 OPERATING YOUR SYSTEM 88 Turn on the video monitor Turn on your machine If you have an 8810 flip the red rocker switch on the front panel to ON The switch will light to tell you that the machin
76. es Section 21 The Paragraph and Need Command This section discusses the paragraph command and explains the need command a command to get rid of floating titles at the bottom of pages Section 22 WordMaster Strategies A brief discussion of some of the tricks involved in advanced formatting Section 23 Functional Summary of Ad anced Formatting Commands A list of the advanced ornatti commands grouped by function PART V Trouble Shooting Section 24 WordMaster Error Messages A list of the WordMaster error messages along with probable reasons for the errors Section 25 What Made it Do That ee suboptimum formatting Section 26 Formatting Samples We give some unformatted samples of pages from this manual so that you can see how we used the WordMaster formatting commands Part I Introduction to System 88 Word Processing Page 5 PART I INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEM 88 WORD PROCESSING Before we begin to really talk about how to use the text Editor and WordMaster we d like to introduce you to them and to the System 88 If you are already quite familiar with the Editor and the System 88 you probably want to just skim these sections and spend most of your time on Part III WordMaster Page 6 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 Section 2 Introduction to System 88 Word Processing Page 7 Section 2 INTRODUCTION TO WORD PROCESSING ON THE SYSTEM 88 2 0 Many people think of a computer as something that do
77. es ul n underline total 1 text unit wid n page width 80 characters wul n underline word only 1 text unit Special Symbols 8 Non expandable blank double Current page number PolyMorphic Systems WordMaster Printer Driver Page 127 APPENDIX B SYSTEM 88 PRINTER DRIVER The System 88 operating software includes a printer driver a program that allows you to print a disk file on a printer It will run many different kinds of printers and you use the same driver to run a printer from Exec BASIC and the Assembler This program is automatically entered into memory when you Start up the system or hit the Load button and so is always available The printer driver has these characteristics l It supports most RS 232 printers 2 It interprets form feed and tab characters into simulations for printers that do not understand these characters 3 You can add new printers to the list of those the printer driver can run by describing the characteristics of the printer to the system 4 Many types of printers can be defined on the same system disk One of these may be specified as the default printer which the system always uses unless you tell it to use some other printer 5 The video display can serve as the printer This is handy for testing BASIC programs on a system without a hard copy printer The printer driver is automatically loaded into memory when you start the system up or hit the Load button 12 1 PRINTING FRO
78. es mathematical operations It is true that computers are very good at that But the real strength of the computer lies in its ability to manipulate and store information EL na quickly and without error It makes no difference at o e computer if we call the symbols that make up this information numbers or words text In actual fact a HUGE proportion of the money spent on renting and using computers in this country is spent on preparing documents manuals letters and reports It is this process of creating and printing text that we call word processing In this section we talk a little about what it means to do word processing and what kinds of things you can expect to do on your System 88 We introduce two of the tools which will help you in your efforts to create polished and professional looking documents the text Editor and text Formatter WordMaster You do word processing every time you put words on a piece of paper First you choose the words you want to use the contents of your document and then you choose the arrangement of those words on the page the format of your document Usually you do these two actions simultaneously without thinking too much about it For example you don t usually notice at what point you break a sentence and start putting the next words on another line The tools that help you to perform these functions on the System 88 are the text Editor and the WordMaster The Editor helps you to create an
79. es to Read Your Mind There will be times when WordMaster must make a formatting decision If you have not told WordMaster what you want it to do in a particular situation or it doesn t understand your instructions WordMaster relies on its large backlog of default formatting instructions and default command values When we talk about a default we mean something that WordMaster uses if it doesn t get a legal understandable instruction or command value from you Every command has a default value Every formatting decision has a default Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands Page 51 instruction So if instead of specifying a left margin of 5 spaces lm 5 you say lm sx3k WordMaster will decide to use the default left margin value of zero If it comes time to print a line and you have not told WordMaster whether or not you want to right justify the line WordMaster will use its default instruction for that situation right justify all lines These are the situations in which WordMaster uses default values and instructions 1 WordMaster doesn t understand a command value 2 You didn t supply any commands to cover the present formatting situation 3 A command value that you supplied is illegal or impossible to use Whenever WordMaster uses a default command value it tells you that it is doing so by displaying an error message on the screen and showing the line in the document that confused it There is one case when this i
80. ferences which we ll talk about now 3 1 1 The SHIFT and CAPS LOCK Keys To type a lower case letter hit the appropriate key on the keyboard To type an upper case letter hold down the key labeled SHIFT while you hit the letter key Notice that the top row of keys mostly number keys have two symbols on each key To type the upper symbol hold down the SHIFT key and then hit the correct key There is no Shift Lock key on the keyboard Instead there is a key labeled CAPS LOCK Lock the CAPS LOCK key by pressing down on it After that point any letters that you type will be upper case The CAPS LOCK key affects only the letter keys on the keyboard For example even if the CAPS LOCK key is on you must hold down the SHIFT key to type an exclamation mark 3 1 2 The DELETE Key If you make a mistake and want to erase one symbol hit the DELETE key located on the right hand side of the keyboard You will see the cursor back up erasing as it goes Page 12 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 from right to left The cursor is the white rectangle on the Screen that marks your position 3 1 3 The RETURN key To tell the computer that you want to end a line hit the RETURN key This key is located at the far right of the keyboard Hitting a RETURN is similar to hitting the carriage return key on an electric typewriter There is an important difference between an apparent line of text on the screen and a real line of text Notice that
81. ght is on you could scramble the information on the disk 3 3 A QUICK DEMONSTRATION OF THE SYSTEM 88 Let s say that you have followed all of the instructions above and have your machine up and running that is you see the prompt You are talking to the System 88 system software If you want to create a document or format a document you must tell Section 3 A First Look at the System R8 Page 15 the system what you want to do We ll be going into great detail later concerning these matters but let s try a simple exercise in creating a document and formatting it Don t worry about the details right now we ll explain everything later If you re new to the System 88 you ll probably get the most out of the following discussion if you sit down in front of the machine with this manual and try out our instructions 3 3 1 Creating a Document Using the Editor 1 After the dollar sign prompt type EDIT DEMO Now hit the RETURN key We are telling the Text Editor that we want to create a document named DEMO Until we hit the RETURN the request to the Editor does not get entered into the computer After we hit RETURN the screen clears and we see the Editor s version number in the top left corner of the screen Then the Editor tells us that it couldn t find a document on the disk named DEMO Input file not found and so it is creating a new document named DEMO Creating output file opened Then it says Hit any key to continue 2 Hi
82. he new values How to Use the Command You may place a break command anyplace in your document You cannot cause any errors using the break command just remember that it is the text after the command which begins the new formatted line 12 3 1 Sample Use Take a look at the samples below Some of them are unformatted that is in the same form as when we typed them in the original document After the unformatted samples you see the formatted version of that text Page 66 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 90 Sample 1A Original unformatted text How would you keep WordMaster from putting all of these words on full formatted lines if we didn t have a break command Sample 1B Usual formatting How would you keep WordMaster from putting all of these words on full formatted lines if we didn t have a break command Sample 2A Unformatted text with break commands We can allow WordMaster to fill most of our text while still ordering it to break off a formatted line where we want it to Then it starts a new line with the exact text that we want at the front of the new line br like this and br like this Sample 2B Formatted text with break commands We can allow WordMaster to fill most of our text while still ordering it to break off a formatted line where we want it to Then it starts a new line with the exact text that we want at the front of the new line like this and like this 12 2 THE SKIP CO
83. ide header or footer titles Start page numbering at any number change the page number at any point in your document or not number pages at all The maximum page number is greater than 60 000 Automatically right justify text i e insert spaces so that the last words on a line all line up flush with the right margin Underline capitalize or center up to 255 lines of text at one time Indent one line indent permanently indent from both left and right margins at the same time change indent Q Section 2 Introduction to System 88 Word Processing Page 9 values turn off indenting Set line spacing to single double or triple Automatically fill text i e put as many words as will fit on a line of specific width regardless of the length of the original text lines Begin a new paragraph line or page WordMaster is a program that reads a document on the disk When you use the Editor to create this document you place WordMaster commands in the document You then leave the Editor and ask for WordMaster When WordMaster reads the document the commands tell it how to format your document e g print it double spaced 65 lines to the page not right justified etc WordMaster then prints your document on your printer in that form We ll discuss how to insert these commands in Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands You can radically change the format of your document by using the Editor to ch
84. ies of Control Os and Control As the Editor keeps track for you what portions of the document it has copied into memory and what portions it has written out to the disk You never have to worry about it getting mixed up and bringing in text that it already copied into memory or writing a portion of your document out to the disk twice 5 3 GETTING RID OF A DOCUMENT ON THE DISK Once you have left the Editor there are some System commands that you can use to get rid of documents on the disk and to see the contents of the disk For more information on these system commands for instance how to use them on disks in drives other than the System Drive see the System 88 User s Manual You may want to follow the instructions below and get rid of the document that you just created 5 3 1 Finding Out What Documents Are on a Disk First to see what is on the disk type LIST Hit RETURN You will then see all of the different items on the disk Some of them are documents they have the symbols TX at the end of their names The rest are parts of the System software To find out more about what you re seeing turn to the System 88 User s Manual 5 3 2 Erasing a Document from the Disk You often need to reclaim the space on a disk used by a document How do you get rid of a document after you no longer need it After a prompt type DELETE document name Hit RETURN Document name is the name of the document you wish to delete The syst
85. if you keep typing when you reach the right edge of the Screen the next symbols that you type will appear one line down on the left side of the screen Although it may look like you have two lines of text you don t That is because you did not type a RETURN and you in fact have only one line of text which wrapped around the screen onto the next line The System 88 defines a line of text as being the group of symbols including Spaces and tabs between two carriage returns This point will become important later when we talk about the Editor and WordMaster For now remember to avoid wrap around when you type use carriage returns at the end of every screen line 3 1 4 The CONTROL Key You already know that the SHIFT key enables you to type twice as many symbols as there are keys on the keyboard upper or lower case In the same way the Control key allows you to type a whole new kind of symbol The Control key labeled CTRL is on the left side of your keyboard To type this new kind of symbol a Control character hold down the Control key While you are holding it down type the appropriate key For example to type a Control G hold down the CTRL key and type a G The System 88 uses some of the Control characters to perform some functions others are undefined Some of the System 88 Control characters Control W Use to delete an entire word Control X Use to delete an entire line the symbols between two car riage returns Control Y Int
86. ifying Text We discuss how WordMaster right justifies text and how to Switch back and forth between justified and unjustified text within the same document Section 14 How to Operate WordMaster Now that you know the basic formatting commands we talk about how to actually operate WordMaster Section 15 Functional Summary of Basic Formatting Commands A list of the basic commands grouped by function PART IV Advanced Formatting Section 16 WordMaster Special Symbols We begin to get into the more advanced formatting commands and concepts The WordMaster special symbols are the Non expandable blank and the Current page number symbol We talk about how to use them in your documents Section 17 How to Center Underline and Capitalize We talk about the center and Capitalize commands and we discuss the two underlining commands word only underline and total line underline Page 4 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 Section 18 Beginning a New Page WordMaster has two commands that allow you to Start a new page a begin new page command and a begin odd numbered page command Section 19 Indenting Permanent Temporary and Double We explain the three indenting commands and mention the no indent command which turns them off Section 20 Header and Footer Titles How to specify header and footer titles We also talk about the commands that enable you to specify headers or footers for just the odd or the even numbered pag
87. ing text in a later section You want two spaces at the end of every sentence You want errors reported in your printed document as well as on the screen Remember that you can change any of these assumptions just by using the proper commands 9 4 USING THE EDITOR TO PREPARE A DOCUMENT FOR WORDMASTER The first step in preparing a document for WordMaster is to tell the Editor to edit that document When you are actually editing the document you can begin to insert formatting commands When you become more familiar with WordMaster you will find that you usually include WordMaster commands in your document as you create that document For example it soon becomes second nature to type a center command before any section of text that you want to center There are two special symbols that WordMaster recognizes a double symbol and 4 We ll talk about what they are used for in a later section Section 165 WordMaster Special Symbols For now just remember that if WordMaster sees chase symbols in your document it s going to think they mean Something special Therefore you cannot use them as regular characters in your document If you want a single symbol in your document type two of them WordMaster then knows that you aren t using the special symbol that it knows about but that you want one in your text as a regular character As for putting a double 4 symbol in your document two fs one after the other the answer is simple you
88. isk When the disk is securely seated in the drive close the door If the door doesn t close take the disk out and try re inserting it Now push the button on the front panel labeled LOAD You will see an identifying message on the screen which tells you the version number of your system software and the amount of memory that you have on your machine The next thing that you will see will be a single dollar sign This is a prompt that is a symbol which tells you that the system is ready for orders If you don t see this on the screen you will see something like this Error 03986 The number may vary but such a message means one of the following 1 The disk in your System Drive is not a System Disk Make sure that the disk is labeled System Disk 2 The System Disk is not in the System Drive Make sure that the drive is the drive farthest to the left Of course with a System 8810 you have only the one drive 3 You did not insert the disk correctly Try to insert the disk again following the instructions above Make sure that the disk label the white rectangle that says System Disk is facing the correct way 4 The System Disk is a bad disk Try using another System Disk Or the System Drive may be bad Check with your dealer When the red light next to the System Drive door comes on the drive is reading from or writing to the disk Never open the drive door push the LOAD button or turn off the machine when that li
89. it the Escape key Release the key Now hit the down arrow key The cursor moves to the front of the next line The two Escape arrow key commands above will come in very handy You use these commands primarily to move around in your document When you use them you will find that they have a valuable side effect They decide where a front of a line is by looking at the carriage return symbols in your document That means that they let you know if you have forgotten to hit RETURN at the end of a line When you type an Escape up arrow the Editor moves the cursor up to the front of the previous line If the cursor instead jumps up past the previous line to the front of the line before that you know that you have forgotten to hit RETURN at the end of the screen line that was just above the original cursor position If you type an Escape down arrow the Editor moves the cursor to the position just after the next carriage return the front of the next line If instead the cursor jumps past that line to the front of the next line beyond you know that you have forgotten a RETURN at the end of the line where you did the Escape down arrow If a line without a carriage return wraps around by only a couple of characters you re all right hit RETURN at the end of Section 4 Creating a Document Page 25 the overlapping characters If the overlap is more than a few characters however you d better insert a RETURN at the end of the screen line that ends
90. just above the overlapping characters When you insert text be sure to check to see if you need to insert or delete carriage returns For instance if you have a full Screen line and move your cursor to the middle of that line and start typing text the carriage return symbol at the end of that screen line will be pushed farther and farther to the right until it wraps around to the next line You ll want to move the cursor back and hit RETURN at the end of the screen line To delete a carriage return symbol from your text move the cursor to the front of a line and hit the DELETE key You have now deleted the carriage return at the end of the previous line Moving the cursor more than one line at a time To move to the front of your document type a Control B for Beginning To move to the end of your document type a Control E for End You see a blank screen Now use the _ Up arrow key once and you will be on the last line of your document To move fifteen lines toward the end of your document type a Control N for Next The cursor moves down fifteen screen lines To move fifteen lines toward the beginning of your document type a Control P for Previous The cursor moves up fifteen lines 4 4 LEAVING THE EDITOR Now to leave the Editor after a prompt type an Escape Control E Hit the ESC key Release it Hold down the CTRL key while you type an E The screen clears and you see the words Exiting As you exit
91. k lines to move the printer on to the next page Does it understand TAB characters Some printers will respond to tab characters by tabbing over to pre set tab stops Answer this question yes or no If you answer no the printer driver will interpret a tab character and output enough spaces to carry the printer head to the next tab stop Does the printer have special timing Some printers have to be sent pad characters or non printing characters that will allow time for operations like form feeds and carriage returns If the printer you are defining requires pad characters answer this question yes You will then be Page 132 WordMaster Printer Driver PolyMorphic Systems asked the remainder of the Printer questions defining what character will be sent as a pad character and how many will be sent for which operations What ASCII code in Decimal for a pad character The pad character is usually a null or a rub out both non printing characters The ASCII code for a null is 0 for a rub out 255 How many pads after a Carriage Return If your printer manual is not helpful in setting this number and the ones following try a little experimentation You can time printer operations like how long it takes to execute a carriage return with a stop watch Then compute the number of character generations and therefore the number of pad characters based on the baud rate 12 3 2 VIEW printername VIEW causes the parameters of
92. line but there will be at least two skp Section 26 Formatting Samples Page 121 SAMPLE 2 The first part of Section 7 ohe Section 7 Functional Summary of Editor Commands Page bop skp 2 ce Section 7 skp ce FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF EDITOR COMMANDS skp 7 0 par Below is a quick summary of all of the Editor commands and features that we ve discussed in this manual If you would like more information about the Editor see the System 88 User s Manual Section 10 wul The Editor skp 2 wul Waking the Editor skp dind 3 After a prompt type skp tin 5 EDIT document name br or br tin 5 EDIT document namel document name2 skp nind wul Erasing Text in Your Document skp dind 3 To delete one character DELETE key skp To delete one word Control w skp To delete one line of text Control x skp To delete first marked block of text Escape SHIFT DELETE skp nind wul Moving the Cursor Throughout Your Document skp dind 3 One character to the right Right arrow key Cursor jumps to the front of the next line after you reach end of current line skp One character to the left Left arrow key Cursor jumps to the end of the previous line after you reach the front of current line skp One line up Up arrow key Cursor moves to position directly above current cursor position skp One line down Down arrow key Cursor moves to position directly below current cursor position skp Beginning
93. ls that you ll want to know about Page 82 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 16 WordMaster Special Symbols Page 83 Section 14 WORDMASTER SPECIAL SYMBOLS 16 0 Besides the formatting commands there are two special symbols that WordMaster recognizes when it reads your documents These symbols are the Non expandable blank a 8 and the Current page number symbol a double You will find both of them to be very useful Because WordMaster recognizes these characters as special symbols it cannot reproduce them literally in your document That means that if you type a single symbol in your document you will not see the in your printed document If you type a double symbol you will not see that symbol in your printed document There are ways to get around this If you want a symbol in your printed text type two 8s in your document WordMaster will realize that you don t really want a Non expandable blank symbol there and will put one symbol in your document instead As for the double symbol two s in a row there is no way to put one in your printed document From now on when we talk about the double symbol we ll use this symbol filt You ll remember though that we mean two S in a row without the symbol 16 1 THE NON EXPANDABLE BLANK You probably remember that one of the option questions WordMaster asks you is whether or not you want two spaces at the end of every sentence Usually you do But
94. m button 14 3 FORMATTING OPTIONS For your convenience WordMaster offers you a set of options which affect its operation The next question WordMaster asks concerns these options We ll discuss them in detail below WordMaster asks Do you want Formatter options Y or N Tf you say Ys WordMaster has a series of questions Section 14 How to Operate WordMaster Page 75 that it will ask you If you say N WordMaster will ask no more questions and will begin to format your document When WordMaster actually begins to format your document you see the message I m formatting If you tell WordMaster that you don t want WordMaster options that s the same as an answer of N to all of the questions below Below are the four Formatter option questions 14 3 1 Wait at End of Every Page Option Do you want me to wait at the end of every page Y or N WordMaster usually does not wait at the end of every page but continues directly on to the top of the next one We assume that your printer feeds your paper through in a continuous sheet with pages separated by a tear off line It may be that you wish to use separate sheets of paper for example letter head stationery If you answer the above question with a Y WordMaster will stop at the end of every page and display the message I m at the end of a page hit the RETURN key when you are ready to continue Take out the piece of paper Then insert a new page and adjust
95. memory you make your changes and the Editor takes the edited copy of the whole document and saves it on the disk There are times however when you don t want to do this Perhaps you Section 6 Special Features of the Editor Page 35 want to divide up a long report into several smaller documents Perhaps you want to combine several memos into one larger document Using the Editor you can easily combine and divide documents 6 2 1 Merging Documents Let s say that you have two small documents that you want to combine into one 1 Tell the editor that you want to edit the first document After a prompt type EDIT First document name Now hit RETURN By the time you leave the Editor it will merge your separate documents into one This document will bear the name you ve just given to the Editor If you want your ultimate document to have a different name than the first document after prompt type EDIT First document name Ultimate document name When you start to edit your document make sure that the end of the document is in memory If the document is too big to fit into memory all at once make sure that the end of your document is in memory To do this type a series of Control Os and Control As See Section 5 2 Fitting Your Document into Memory You remember that a Control E takes you to the end of the text in memory When that text is the actual end of your document you know that you don t have to bring any more of your d
96. n only fit a certain number on the line and must insert a lot of spaces to right justify the line Now we ll look at the same text as above but not right justified nrj skp Some types of documents look very nice with the words flush to the right margin However if you are using very long words or hyphenated groups of words sometimes you will be more pleased with the look of the text if it is not right justified This is because WordMaster only puts whole words on a formatted line If the words are very long it can only fit a certain number on the line and must insert a lot of spaces to right justify the line Formatted sample Some types of documents look very nice with the words flush to the right margin However if you are using very long words or hyphenated groups of words sometimes you will be more pleased with the look of the text if it is not right justified This is because WordMaster only puts whole words on a formatted line If the words are very long it can only fit a certain number on the line and must insert a lot of spaces to right justify the line Now we ll look at the same text as above but not right justified 9 Section 13 Right Justifying Text Some types of documents look very nice with the to the right margin However if you are using words or hyphenated groups of words sometimes more pleased with the look of the text if it is Page 71 words flush very long you will be not right justified
97. ns eee eene 5 gal mpheAgsunpbTODSU e me23 24 9v 7a ana Bane bad 9 4 Using the Editor to Prepare a Docun nt for WordMaster uesse22424922569 99 32 SETTING UP PAGE 2 5s2 n 2220 923905o9292999 9422 10 1 Lines Per Page Command lpp n 56 10 2 Page Width Command wid n l 57 18 3 Right and Left Margin Commands iew nt and 1m nl ioiessaeacarenezscxah ess ea i 19 4 Top and Bottom Margin Commands ten n and m ne owns came ag aan awes varde ad 19 5 Page Numbering Commands npgn 15601 und Tepon Ais cer dadesevetevss vows eer 10 6 Setting Line Spacing lsp nl 60 FILLED AND UNFILLED TEXT 5 52 2 52 Dl 1321 PILLE Text D ilbbunleqea eadk4A4r au eg tas AL 11 2 Unfilled Text nzblibee9 221525 12x abduis o e val s ete BY BREAKING AND SKIPPING wwe ddae eS aera pie dra en t9 e DD Section Section Section PART IV INTRODUCTION TO Section Section Section Section Section 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 29 12 1 The Break Command br eee 265 l4sl d Sampie UsSscowesvadcutaenes ed vento oOo 12 2 The Skip Command skp nl 66 12 2 1 Sample USE cucccavtencvavacdecawued RIGHT JUSTIFYING TEXT 2 1544 1 325 pk gee cage ele 13 1 Right Justify Command rj 69 13 2 No Right Justify Command nrjl 69 13 2 1 Sanpla DSe ila s5 9 64 4 2 10 HOW TO OPERATE WORDMAS
98. nt WordMaster to leave blank st the end of the printed line Page 58 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 How to Use the Commands You usually want WordMaster to start using your margins with the very first line so make sure that you put these commands in the first command group of your document that precedes any text You can also change left and right margins at any time in your document When you do so WordMaster goes ahead and prints whatever formatted line it was working on it uses the old margin values The next time it prints a line it uses your new margin values It is very awkward however to change your margins in mid stream In Part IV Advanced Formatting we ll tell you about indents temporary indents and double indents Almost always you will want to use those commands to indent your formatted line instead of actually changing the margins You can specify just a right margin just a left margin or you can specify both margins Remember that the right and left margin default value is zero character positions If your margin values are larger than your page width WordMaster will display the message Page width is too small I 11 use default values WordMaster then resets the page width to its default value and resets the left and right margins to zero 10 4 TOP AND BOTTOM MARGIN COMMANDS tm n AND bm n Default value 0 lines The top and bottom margins are the blank lines at the top and the bottom of
99. nt value you reset it to the new value An indent of 10 shortens the affected formatted line by ten characters 19 2 DOUBLE INDENT COMMAND dind n Default value characters The double indent command dind n works in the same way as the permanent indent command ind n except that WordMaster indents from both right and left margins When WordMaster sees a double indent command it does a break You ve noticed blocks of text in the manual that are indented from both margins A double indent command remains in effect until you use a permanent indent command ind n you leave WordMaster or you use the no indent command nind When you change a double indent command value WordMaster begins to double indent using the new value How to Use the Command Use the double indent command anywhere in your document you want to start a new line and begin double indenting Remember that if you specify a command value of say 5 WordMaster will indent from the left margin five spaces and from the right margin 5 spaces So a dind 5 shortens the formatted line by ten characters E 19 3 TEMPORARY INDENT COMMAND tin n Default value characters To indent one line use the temporary indent command Whenever you use the tin n command WordMaster does a break This allows you to be exactly sure which text is going to start Section 19 Indents Permanent Temporary and Double Page 95 the new indented line How to Use the Command Use the
100. nter to see how many characters it can print on a line If you use standard 8 1 2 by l inch paper most printers print 80 95 characters per line How to Use the Command You must tell WordMaster the width of your page before it does any formatting Otherwise Wo rdMaster uses the default value of 8 characters Like the lpp n command you must put the wid n command in the first command group of your document and make sure that the group precedes any text An example lpp 61 wid 95 rm 5 If WordMaster sees that your margins are larger than the total page width it will tell you so The page width is too small I 11 use default value From that point on WordMaster will use the default values for the page width and reset left and right margins to zero to make sure that there is room enough on the line to print something 18 3 RIGHT AND LEFT MARGIN COMMANDS rm n AND flm n Default values 0 characters Now that WordMaster has a mental picture of our page so many lines long and so many character positions wide we need to be able to specify our margins Since WordMaster already knows exactly how wide your paper is it becomes easy to specify margins The left margin value is the number of character positions from the left edge of the paper that you want WordMaster to space over before it begins to print your formatted line The right margin is the number of character positions from the right edge of the paper that you wa
101. ocument into memory 2 Now you want to add the second document onto the end of your first While you are still using the Editor type an Escape Control I The screen will clear and the Editor will say New input file name Type the name of your second document and hit RETURN Now the Editor either says Input file I can t find that file New input file name which means that your document name isn t correct try again or it says Input file opened Hit any key to continue 3 Type any key Now do a Control A to bring the text from your second document into memory Your two documents are now merged into one If you leave the Editor now even if the rest of your second document is not all in memory the Editor will transfer all of the second document over to the end of the first document and save both on the disk under the name of Page 36 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 the first document You can add any number of documents together by doing Escape Control Is By the way if you type an Escape Control I by accident simply hit RETURN when the Editor asks for a new input file You will see the message New input file name no input file selected Then hit any key to continue and you will be back where you were before making the mistake 6 2 2 Splitting Documents Suppose that you have a long document on the disk that you want to divide up into two shorter ones 1 Tell the Editor that you want to
102. of previous line Escape up arrow key skp Beginning of next line Escape down arrow key skp Beginning of Previous fifteen lines Control P skp End of Next fifteen lines Control N skp Beginning of document Control B skp End of document Control E skp wul nind Fitting a Large Document into Memory skp dind 3 To transfer half of your document from memory to the disk Control 0O skp To transfer enough of your document from the disk to fill half of memory Control A skp wul nind Marking a block of text skp dind 3 Mark front of block Escape right arrow skp Mark end of block Escape left arrow skp Erase markers Escape DELETE Page 122 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 SAMPLE 3 The first part of Section ll nind ohe Section 1ll Filled and Unfilled Text PageG bop skp 2 ce Section 11 skp ce FILLED AND UNFILLED TEXT skp 2 11 9 par A major advantage of a formatter is that it can impose a format on your text which may look very different from the form in which you originally typed the document This is an advantage because it allows you to create your text without really worrying about what it is going to look like when it s printed The way your document looks when you edit it really has very little relationship to how it will look when it is formatted It s important to remember that your original document line input line is different than the final formatted line par On
103. of text that you want to center Be careful that the unit of text is not longer than a formatted line For example if WordMaster is printing formatted lines that are 55 characters long and you ask it to center a unit of text 60 characters long it will not be able to do it You ll see the error message This line is too long to center You can use the center command in combination with other commands For example ce wul Memo 1 WordMaster centers and underlines the words Memo 1 Memo 1 Section 17 How to Center Underline and Capitalize Page 89 17 2 CAPITALIZE COMMAND cap n Default value 1 unit of text The capitalize command converts to upper case all of the letter symbols in a unit of text How to Use the Command eee Use the cap n command in front of the units of text that you want to capitalize cap mail room procedures You can use the capitalize command in combination with other commands Unformatted example cap 2 ce 2 Stock Holders Meeting skplapril 21 1979 Formatted example STOCK HOLDERS MEETING APRIL 21 1979 You can capitalize up to 255 units of text at a time 17 3 WORD ONLY UNDERLINE COMMAND wul n Default value 1 unit of text The word only underline command allows you to underline only the words in a unit of text It doesn t underline spaces tabs or punctuation Most underlining in documents is of this type How to Use the Command Place the wul n command before the units of text th
104. off with the no indent command nind You may remember that we ve emphasized the fact that you can center up to 255 units of text at a time with the center capitalize and underline commands You might wonder why we think that might be useful Well you might not want to center 255 units but you might want to center about 25 This is how you do it without having to count gt You have a lot of lines to center Let s say for some flashy add copy You don t want to count how many units of text there are Fine Put a center command right before the first unit of text you want to center Give the center command a ridiculously large command value say 100 You know you don t want to center 1400 lines Move the cursor down the document till you reach Page 104 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 the end of the text you want centered At the end of that section use another center command But this time use a command value of zero ce 0 That cancels the current center command When WordMaster reaches the ce 0 it stops centering One last thought Experiment with the page width command and the margin commands to vary the formatted line width Sometimes right justifying a line causes awkward spacings on the line You may be surprised at how much difference it can make just increasing or decreasing the line width by one character Sometimes a page width of 83 looks just right even though 82 looked terrible Section 23 Summary of
105. om the input lines onto final formatted lines How to Use the Commands WordMaster s default formatting instructions tell it to always fill text unless you order otherwise by using the no fill command nfil Once you have used the fnfil command you can tell WordMaster to start filling again by using the fill command fill at any place in your document 11 2 UNFILLED TEXT nfil When you want WordMaster not to fill text use the no fill command nfil Suppose you have a table in the middle of your text that you want to print literally However you want WordMaster to fill the text surrounding the table WordMaster fills the text automatically so at the point in your text where you want it to stop filling insert the no fill command nfil Then insert a fill command fill where you want to resume filling text Unformatted Example O Section 11 Filled and Unfilled Text Page 63 Dear Sir skp As you may be aware your account is considerably in arrears We hope that legal action will not be necessary As you can see from the figures below we certainly have grounds for complaint nfill Cumulative Record of Indebtedness 1975 1976 1978 225 3605 5678 fill Please let us know as soon as possible what your plans are concerning a solution to this problem If you have already sent a payment please disregard this notice skp Formatted Example Dear Sir As you may be aware your account is considerably in arrears
106. ommands Insert and delete text as we did above When you are ready to leave type an Escape Control E In Section 5 Special Features of the Editor we will be discussing the special commands that will allow you to copy blocks of text erase blocks of text and find specific groups of words or letters These will all come in very handy when you are re editing documents 5 2 FITTING YOUR DOCUMENT INTO MEMORY When you create a document you begin to use memory as you type in more and more words You probably won t fill memory when your document fills memory the cursor refuses to move even though you are still typing but what if you do Or suppose that you want to change a document What happens if the Editor can t fit the whole document into memory at one time Several Editor commands take care of situations such as these so that the size of your documents is not dependent upon the amount of memory on your machine To make room for more text in memory type a Control O for Output This tells the Editor to go ahead and write the first half of your document out to the disk If your document fills memory use Control O to save the first half of it on the disk Once that part of your document is written out to the disk it is gone from memory and you have more room But be warned you cannot now go back and edit that text unless you leave the Editor thus writing out the whole document to the disk and then re edit the whole document You can u
107. on a page if you started at the left edge of the page and continued on over to the right edge Perhaps it will help you visualize how WordMaster Sees your page if you remember that WordMaster decides how many lines to actually print on a page by subtracting your top and bottom margins from the lines per page value Other things that WordMaster takes care of include setting line spacing page numbering and printing of header and footer titles We ll tell you how to use headers and footers in Section 20 Header and Footer Titles There s one term that we should define before we start talking about specific commands That term is break We often say that WordMaster does a break What that means is this WordMaster does a break in response to a formatting command When WordMaster breaks a line it starts a new formatted line with the text after that command Before it can do this it must print the old partial line it had been working on This may sound complicated but we do breaks all of the time Every time you start a new paragraph you break off the old line you were working on and usually that text doesn t fill an entire line Skip a line and then start a new line with new text Many of the commands that we ll be talking about cause WordMaster to do a break For instance when you change the left margin value WordMaster does a break This is so that you will know exactly what text is affected by the new value WordMaster prints
108. original document and WordMaster helps you to format and print it Both of these programs are on the disk labeled System Disk In the next section of the manual we will take you through a brief demonstration of the Editor and WordMaster Later sections will discuss the operation of these programs at some length For now we ll just introduce you to them 2 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE TEXT EDITOR The text Editor is a program that helps you to create text Tell the system that you want to use the Editor to create a new document After you ve done that you can just start typing The Editor saves the document in the memory of the computer When you leave the Editor it transfers that text onto the disk We ll discuss these storage devices in the next section You can then create another new document or ask the Editor to re edit your original document which is on the disk So using the Editor you can both create a new document Page 8 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 and change an old one You can then print that document directly it will appear on the page in exactly the same form as when you created it If you decide that you want to change the number of characters per line you have to retype the document If you want to bring all of the lines out flush to the right margin you have to go back and laboriously right justify your document manually by adding spaces between words until the last letter on the end of every line lines up
109. ou want options Type an N Hit RETURN Then WordMaster tells you it has found your document and is working on it it says I m formatting Now you will see DEMO in its formatted form on the screen You can now see that the symbols wid 3 ce told WordMaster that you wanted a line of text 30 symbols wide and that you wanted to center the next line Section 3 A First Look at the System 88 Page 17 4 WordMaster now tells you that your input file is empty That means that it has reached the end of your document You will notice that all of your document is not yet on the screen That is because WordMaster is waiting to see if you want to format another document Hit RETURN Now WordMaster knows that you don t want to add on another document and that it can print that last line of your document It does so It now tells you that it is leaving It says I m done formatting Goodbye Of course there are a lot of details still to come but you have just done your first word processing on the System 88 Everything else that you will learn will just be refinements of this process Page 18 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 O Part II Talking to the Text Editor Page 19 PART II TALKING TO THE TEXT EDITOR You already know that you use the Editor to create the document that WordMaster formats Even so it may surprise you to see that a manual for a text formatter has such a large section on the Editor Well beyond being merel
110. our own favorite combinations of commands for all situations We ve come up with a few observations and we d like to pass these odds and ends onto you We ve mentioned in passing the idea of adding documents together As a matter of fact we d like to urge you to split your documents up into manageable chunks It s much easier to edit a small file than a big one If you are writing large documents it s often a help to your organization process to force yourself to break them up into smaller sections We try not to have any one document more than 50 60 sectors in length This manual was written with each section as a separate document Then we created a command file to help us format them as one document You might want to read up on command files in the System 88 User s Manual if you are going to be creating documents of any length Briefly a command file is a document itself that we create using the Editor However this document contains directions to the system Instead of sitting at the machine and typing a new document name every time WordMaster is ready for a new document the command file supplies the names of the documents to WordMaster for us If you have 27 documents as we did that s a blessing Remember to be careful when you add documents Any formatting conditions prevailing during the previous formatting remain in force for the next document If you were double indenting that double indent remains effective unless you turn it
111. ows which printer you want to use Make sure that the printer knows where the top of the page is Most printers have a Top of Form button to push after you ve set the printer to the top of the page This tells your printer that this is the top of the page Then after a prompt type PRINT document name Hit RETURN The Printer Driver will print your document To tell the printer to go to the top of the next page after a prompt type PAGE Hit RETURN You will see your document in exactly the same form that you typed it in If you seem to be missing a line of text or a line didn t stop printing at the right edge of the paper but continued onto the printer carriage you left out a RETURN at the end of a screen line when you created the document Re edit the document and insert the carriage return symbols by hitting RETURN at the proper places in your document O Part III Beginning to Format Page 47 Part III Beginning to Format By this time you are an expert at using the Editor You can create documents and print them Now it s time to start getting into formatting those documents The rest of the manual is devoted completely to the use of WordMaster Before you can begin to format a document however you have to understand the relationship between the Editor and WordMaster You know by now that the use of the Editor and of WordMaster are strongly interrelated You will usually go back and forth between the Editor and
112. p directly beneath one another This is so easy to do that we do it without a moment s conscious thought Somewhat more difficult is the process of right justifying text As you look at this page you see that the last characters of every line are lined up directly beneath one another on the right We say that the lines are right justified WordMaster only right justifies filled text You remember from our discussion of filling text that WordMaster puts as many whole words on a formatted line as it can fit This usually leaves a few spaces left over on the line To right justify the line WordMaster inserts extra spaces between the words on the line until the last word on the line is pushed over flush to the right margin 13 1 RIGHT JUSTIFY COMMAND rj WordMaster always right justifies your text unless you tell it not to the no right justify command nrj So don t bother to tell WordMaster to right justify unless you have used the no right justify command and want WordMaster to start right justifying again How to Use the Command You can put the right justify command any place in your document You can right justify a section of your document tell WordMaster not to right justify another section and then go back to right justifying again Whenever WordMaster sees a right justify command it does a break so that you know at exactly what point in your document WordMaster will begin right justifying 13 2 NO RIGHT JUSTIFY COMMAND
113. p n If so you know that we are talking about a command that WordMaster expects to be accompanied by a command value Always put one space between a command and its command value You must never interrupt a set of brackets with a carriage return That is each command group must be all on one line in your document If you should have two of the same commands in a group which you would only do by mistake the command farthest to the right takes precedence For example if you say skp 2 ce skp 3 WordMaster will assign the value of 3 to the skp command You can have more than one command group on a line of text Your report is ul a week cap overdue or just one command group on a line ce ul If you should have two command groups separated only by a carriage return skp 5 skp 2 ce WordMaster sees these as one command group In the case above then WordMaster reads skp 5 skp 2 ce and so assigns the value 2 to the skip command The maximum value for all command values except the reset page number command is 255 If you use a number greater than that WordMaster prints the line of your document that contains the illegal value points to the illegal command value and displays the message Illegal command value I 11 use default WordMaster then uses the command s default value We ll talk about default values below 9 3 WORDMASTER ASSUMPTIONS We might want to call this section What WordMaster Does When it Tri
114. pace between 6 and par The purpose of the Non expandable blank NEB is to fool WordMaster into thinking that there is no space where the NEB is Since there is no space the NEB is just part of the word surrounding it and WordMaster can t insert an extra space at that point in your text In the examples above we simply substitute an NEB for the space that was likely to cause a problem For example in our original document we typed the characters wul 6 as wul 6 s and the characters wul a lot as wul a lot Naturally WordMaster could not insert a space between the second quotation mark and the letter wulla because it thought that the symbols were all part of the same word When it came time to print the examples above WordMaster substituted a space for every Non expandable blank that it found par WordMaster doesn t know that an NEB is a space until it comes time to print the formatted line At that time WordMaster converts any NEBs into spaces par You use NEBs when you want to make sure that WordMaster prints only wul one space and you can also use it when you want to make sure that WordMaster is going to print wullat least two spaces How Just follow an NEB with a space skp If I type skp i Skid the return of TWO THIRDS of my cleaning deposit SKP I know that there will be fwul at least two spaces before and after the words TWO THIRDS There may be more after WordMaster finishes right justifying the
115. page to make a total of five 12 2 2 Sample Use Any time we want a blank line we use a skip command For example Unformatted sample Dear Sir skp We are very interested in any information that you may have concerning your new product the Infinite Storage Device skp Please let us know what the availability is of this product and what delivery times we are talking about We are interested in the price of this product in quantities of twenty five per shipment skp Thank you for your help Please address your reply Attention J Milne skp 3 James N Milne br Materials and Control Formatted sample Dear Sir We are very interested in any information that you may have concerning your new product the Infinite Storage Device Please let us know what the availability is of this product and what delivery times we are talking about We are interested in the price of this product in quantities of twenty five per shipment Thank you for your help Please address your reply Attention J Milne James N Milne Materials and Control Page 58 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 O Section 13 Right Justifying Text Page 49 Section 13 RIGHT JUSTIFYING TEXT rj 13 9 Almost always we left justify our documents That is we start all of our lines of text at the same position on the left side of the paper As you scan down the page you see that the first characters at the front of every line are lined u
116. r 2 0 Section 26 Formatting Samples Page 119 Section 26 FORMATTING SAMPLES 26 0 We ve shown you lots of small examples throughout this manual but if you have any questions it may help you to see what larger documents look like in unformatted form So we re going to show you actual pages from this manual You can turn back to the appropriate page in the manual and see what the formatted text looks like You see these samples exactly as they were in their unformatted form The only difference is that we ve substituted two 8s for the Non expandable blanks and symbols for the Current page number symbols so that you can see them SAMPLE 1 The first part of Section 17 ohe Section 17 WordMaster Special Symbols Page bop skp 2 ce Section 17 skp ce WORDMASTER SPECIAL SYMBOLS skp 2 17 8 par Besides the formatting commands there are two special symbols that WordMaster recognizes when it reads your documents These symbols are the Non expandable blank a and the Current page number symbol a double You will find both of them to be very useful Because WordMaster recognizes these characters as special symbols it cannot reproduce them literally in your document That means that if you type a single symbol in your document you will not see the in your printed document If you type a double symbol you will not see that symbol in your printed document There are ways to get around this If you want a
117. r document and may actually be working on the line before or after the error It can only give you an approximate idea plus or minus a document line of where the problem is because it may no longer be sure itself exactly where it ran into the problem 24 1 ERROR REPORTING Usually WordMaster reports your errors in your printed document as well as on the screen You may via one of the option questions ask for screen reporting only If WordMaster does report errors in your formatted document you will have a written record of where the errors occurred When WordMaster reports input line error messages in your printed document it uses a question mark to point to the problem instead of an arrow symbol Because of the comprehensive default formatting instructions and command values belonging to WordMaster often an error causes very little damage to your printed document For example in response to ce xkkd WordMaster centers one unit of text So once you get familiar with WordMaster you may want to prevent it from reporting errors in your printed document and rely on its error messages on the screen to warn you about problems 24 2 THE ERROR MESSAGES Every error report consists of the error warning message Input Line Error or Formatting Error the line from your document causing the problem and the appropriate error message Input line errors also point to the problem in your line with an arrow If there are
118. r has special abilities at its command that we really haven t discussed before that help make creating a document a much more enjoyable and efficient process In this section you are going to learn how to move blocks of text erase blocks of text split documents up into more than one document merge several documents into one and find a specific group of words At the end of the section we ll explain how to use Escape Characters to save yourself tedious typing 6 1 COPYING ERASING AND MOVING BLOCKS OF TEXT Whenever you tell the Editor to copy or erase a block of text the Editor has to have some way of knowing which section of your document you are talking about A block of text can be a letter a word a paragraph or even larger groups of text Before you tell the Editor to act on a section of your document you mark that block To mark a block of text Move the cursor to the left of the first symbol of the block of text Now type an Escape right arrow Hit the ESCAPE key Release it Hit the right arrow key A small right pointing arrow appears on the screen to the left of your cursor Now move the cursor to the end of your block so that it is to the right of the last symbol in the block Type an Escape left arrow You will see a left pointing arrow on the screen Your block of text is now enclosed by two arrows which point inward toward the block To delete the arrows that mark the block Type an Escape DELETE The cursor
119. r that you re done indenting for now See the example above When you want to begin to indent again just use an appropriate indent command at the new spot in your document Page 96 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 Section 29 Header and Footer Titles Page 97 Section 240 HEADER AND FOOTER TITLES 20 0 In the normal course of events when you print an unformatted document it s difficult to set up a header for each page A header title is a line of text that is printed at the top of every page such as a report title or a book title You never know exactly what text will appear on what page so you never know exactly where to put a header WordMaster lets you specify a header title WordMaster remembers that header and every time it starts a new page it remembers to print that header at the top of the page You can also specify a footer title a line of text that appears at the bottom of every page You can even specify footer and headers to appear only on odd or even numbered pages Besides discussing the commands that allow you to specify titles we ll also talk about how to set up your headers and footers so that you can center them right justify them or break them into two or three part titles 20 1 HEADER COMMAND he First we ll talk about the basic header command fhe When you want WordMaster to use a particular section of text as a header for all the pages in your document use the header command at the very
120. r to the top of the next page WordMaster however assumes that the printer is set to the very top of the page Caution Before you use WordMaster make sure that the printer is at what the Printer Driver thinks is the top of the page either by calling up the Printer Driver or by using the PAGE command Then you MUST re adjust the printer carriage by hand if necessary so that the printing mechanism is at the very top of the page directly below the tear off line that separates the current page from the previous one TE you don t do this the Formatter s lines per page count will be off by whatever top margin the Printer Driver used Now hit the Set Top of Form button on your printer to tell the printer that this is the new top of page If your printer doesn t have some way to set top of form you may have to define up a special version of your Printer Driver s description of your printer which has a top margin value of zero 14 2 GETTING WORDMASTER TO TALK TO YOU After a prompt type FORMAT document name Page 74 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 4 Hit RETURN The document name is the name of the document on the disk that you want to format Now the screen clears and you see the Formatter version number You may also see a WARNING message at this time WARNING I cannot print your formatted text because your Printer Driver is set to NULL Do you want to continue Y or N The other warning message that you might s
121. reasons we mentioned using Escape characters in the last section Section 6 Special Features of the Editor was because they are so handy when you prepare a document for WordMaster Very often you will find that you use the same formatting command groups over and over throughout your document For example a very common command group might be skp 2 ce wul This tells WordMaster that at this point in your text you want to skip two lines that is print two blank lines and then center and underline the next unit of text Rather than type this one command group many times you can define an Escape character so that whenever you type that one character the Editor will type the entire command group above This will save you a lot of time The question will arise what if I need to have a curly bracket as part of my document How will WordMaster know that I don t mean it as the start of a command Whenever you want a left curly bracket in your document type two of them The Formatter will realize that you want one left curly bracket in your text You only need to type one right curly bracket however and WordMaster will put it into your document The Formatter ignores right curly brackets when it is not reading a command group After you insert your first set of brackets remembering not to split a command group with a carriage return just keep moving your cursor to the places you need commands and go ahead and type them in Tak
122. rminated with a carriage return How many printed lines on each form Give the number of lines that you want to constitute a full page or form The printer will automatically execute a form feed after printing that number of lines How many blank lines at the top Define how much of a margin you want left blank at the top of each page by stating a number of lines The remaining blank lines will be left at the bottom For instance if your form is 66 lines long and you ask the printer to print 57 lines per page nine lines in all will be left blank on the page If you then specify that four lines will be left blank at the top the remaining five will be left blank at the bottom How many spaces for the LEFT Margin Define how wide the left margin should be by stating a number of blank spaces Many printers can be set to print ten or twelve characters per inch Depending on how your paper is located on the platen you may not need any blank spaces on the left margin at all What is the speed of the printer in Baud Reply by stating the baud rate of the printer in decimal All numeric responses are in decimal Then type a carriage return Does the printer understand Form Feeds Some printers automatically respond to form feed characters by moving on to the top of the next page Answer this question yes or no If it does not if you answer no then the printer driver will interpret form feed characters and output enough blan
123. s not so and that is Whenever you use the type of command that is accompanied by a command value WordMaster expects to see a number follow the command For some commands if you don t supply a command value WordMaster assumes that you want to use the command s default value This does not cause an error it s a perfectly legal way to tell WordMaster that you want it to supply the command value For example if you use the center command ce n and do not supply a number with the command ce WordMaster knows that you want to center 1 unit of text 1 is the default value for the center command When we talk about each command specifically we ll tell you if it is one for which WordMaster will supply the command value The result of this default system is that WordMaster never stops formatting just because it doesn t understand something No matter what it tries its best to keep going 9 3 1 The Assumptions If you don t give WordMaster the commands that would instruct it otherwise it assumes You want your pages numbered You want your page numbers centered at the top of every page with a hypen on either side e g 34 You want no top bottom left or right margins Your paper is 80 characters wide and as many lines long as the value used by the Printer Driver for your printer Page 52 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 You want your document single spaced right justified and filled We talk about fill
124. se Control O at any time and every time you do so the Editor writes half of your remaining text to the disk To bring more text into memory type a Control A for Append When you first ask the Editor to edit an existing document the Editor copies enough of the document into memory so that your text fills half of memory Every time you type a Control A the Editor brings in enough text to fill half the remaining space At last if nothing happens when you type a Control A it means that memory if full or that the last of your document is already in memory You can use Control Os and Control As at any time during your editing Usually after doing a Control O you will want to bring in more of your document by doing a Control A When you exit the Editor it automatically copies any of the document remaining in memory onto the disk So you only need to do a Control O when you want to make room for more text You also do not need to bring into memory any more of your document than you actually have to change Even if you do not bring all of your document into memory the Editor will transfer that part of the Section 5 Changing a Document Page 29 document over to your new document on the disk when you leave the Editor Remember that although we talk about the Editor as though it were actually moving your document from the disk to memory and back again the Editor only copies your document the original never disappears When you do ser
125. ster I need at least n lines on the page to print this section of text If you don t have that many lines left on the page start formatting this text on the next page So suppose you have a paragraph title You want the title and at least two lines of the text below it to appear on a page together Let s say that you want a blank line between the title and the text That means that you want to reserve four lines on the page Put the ne n command in front of the title ne 4 PAYROLL SCHEDULES When WordMaster reaches the point in your document where this title occurs it checks to see if it has four lines left on the current page If it does it simply formats and prints the next four lines of text If it does not have room it advances to the bottom of the page and prints the footer if needed Then it goes to the top of the next page and continues on with your four lines of text If you say that you need more lines on the page than there are on the page WordMaster displays this error message You asked to reserve more lines than the total lines per page Then it ignores your ne n command Section 22 WordMaster Strategies Page 193 Section 22 WORDMASTER STRATEGIES 22 0 There are a couple of formatting tricks and strategies we d like to talk about before we end the manual You might call this the philosophy section As you become expert you ll think of a lot of shortcuts and efficient ways to do things you ll come up with y
126. t another document name 14 5 EXITING WORDMASTER When you see the input file empty message and you are through formatting hit RETURN WordMaster says I ve finished formatting Goodbye WordMaster now goes ahead and prints the last line of your document Next you ll see the prompt You ve left WordMaster and you can now use the Editor or WordMaster again REMEMBER WordMaster will not print the last line of your document until you hit RETURN If you accidently exit WordMaster by typing a Control Y immediately type REENTER Hit RETURN You may be able to continue If you intentionally interrupt WordMaster there is one thing that you must remember you cannot use the printer until you call in the Printer Driver again by typing Printer printer name If you exit WordMaster in the normal way hitting RETURN in response to its input file empty message you do not have to use the Printer command again 14 6 USING THE KEYBOARD TO TALK TO WORDMASTER The usual way to use WordMaster is to have it read a document from the disk There are times though when you might want to experiment a bit without going to all of the trouble of creating a document on the disk For instance you Page 78 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 might just want to see what it would look like if you double indented a short passage of text Or you might want to see what a line of text would look like centered and underlined You can
127. t any key Now we have an empty screen To create your file just start typing There are many Editor commands that you can use now but we ll save those till Part II Talkingto the Text Editor For now type the example below as if you were typing on a typewriter Before you begin to type make sure that you have not typed any spaces Hit the DELETE key a few times until the cursor no longer moves to the left this means that there are no spaces yet in your document Now type the left curly bracket and continue on with the sample exactly as shown The symbol CR means hit the RETURN key If you make a mistake hit the DELETE key and retype The Sample wid 3 ce Hello CR This is a demonstration of creating and formatting CR a document CR 3 After you finish typing the sample type an Escape Control E That is hit the ESC key Release it Now hold down the Control key While you are holding down the CTRL key type an E You are now leaving the Editor It says Exiting The red light on the System Drive means that the Editor is writing your document onto the System Disk 3 3 2 Printing a Document Using the Printer Driver The Printer Driver is the program that sends symbols from your computer to your printer Since every printer is different you need a program like the Printer Driver which knows Page 16 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 90 which printer you are using so that it can send the symbols at the proper ra
128. t on the output disk There are only two things that you can do to get out of this predicament either make the document much smaller so that it will fit on the disk or interrupt the Editor and make more room on the disk so that there is room for your whole document To make the copy of your document that is in memory small enough to fit on the disk you must erase a large portion of it You can use Control Xs to erase entire lines or you can mark a block of text and delete it as a whole see Section6 1 Deleting a Block of Text This is usually not a very satisfactory solution to the problem because at this point you don t have any way of knowing how much room there is on the disk so you don t know how much to reduce your document The System R8 User s Manual will explain the information that you see when you LIST a disk so that you will know exactly how much room you have left on a disk To interrupt the Editor so that it doesn t try to copy the document onto the disk type a Control Y Now you see a prompt If you were editing a document under its original name the Editor deleted your original document before it gave you the warning message So you have to get back your original document Use the UNDELETE command We might have a problem here You remember that the Editor deletes documents when you re edit them so that your new document can have the same name as your original document If you haven t packed the disk recently you ma
129. talk to WordMaster directly from the keyboard Instead of waking WordMaster with the FORMAT document name command just type FORMAT Then hit RETURN We assume that you ve already set up the printer After WordMaster asks you if you want its options it then asks you Is the input from a file If not I ll assume that you ll type in your text from the keyboard Y or N If you say N you next see the message End each line with a carriage return Type a Control E and a RETURN to exit Now you see a small arrow at the left hand of the screen This is your prompt the signal that WordMaster is waiting to hear from you Start typing your document Remember that WordMaster is reading in your document from the keyboard in exactly the same way that it reads your documents from the disk Use the same techniques for using formatting commands that you learned in earlier sections of the manual Type a Control E and hit RETURN to leave WordMaster Section 15 Summary of Basic Formatting Commands Section 15 Page 79 FUNCTIONAL SUMMARY OF BASIC FORMATTING COMMANDS 15 0 Below we list we have talked about of the advanced formatting commands see Section 23 Part III For all of the basic formatting commands that functional summary We also have an alphabetical list of all of the formatting commands in Appendix A mmm mmm mmm mmm mmm LZ MARGIN PAGE PARAMETER lpp n wid n lsp n PAGE NUMBERING npgn
130. te and in the proper form For information on how to tell the Printer Driver about our rinter see the System 88 User s Manual For now let s tell the Printer Driver to send symbols to a special printer that it already knows about Printer Screen 1 After a type Printer Screen Hit RETURN Printer Screen is actually the video monitor From now on until we re load the system software by pushing the LOAD button or turning the machine off and on any symbols that we send to a printer will be displayed on the screen instead 2 After a type PRINT DEMO Hit RETURN We are now printing our document It appears on the screen just as it would on a printer 3 3 3 Formatting a Document Using WordMaster Let s see what this document will look like when it is formatted As you may have guessed the curly brackets tell WordMaster that the symbols inside the brackets are commands and not text to format WordMaster usually reads your document and sends the formatted text to a printer In this case because you ve told the Printer Driver that the screen is your printer See Section 3 3 2 WordMaster displays the formatted text on the screen 1 After a type FORMAT DEMO This tells WordMaster that you want to format a document named DEMO The Screen clears and a message tells you WordMaster s version number 2 WordMaster asks you if your printer is set to the top of the page Type a Y Hit RETURN 3 WordMaster asks if y
131. tem 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 Section 4 Creating a Document Page 21 Section 4 Creating a Document 4 0 Most writers are accustomed to creating document rough drafts by sitting down with a pad of paper and a pen After a little practice most people find that the Editor is a superb tool for this purpose Not only can you create text quickly and easily but you can move paragraphs around merge documents split them up erase whole paragraphs at a time copy whole paragraphs and all of the other cut and paste functions that used to take so much time We will cover these advanced functions in Section 6 Special Features of the Editor The function of a text Editor is to save the text that you type in from the keyboard It stores everything that ou type in a temporary storage place called memory Everything that you type on the keyboard we call characters or symbols When you turn off your machine or leave the Editor and start doing Something else everything that you typed in is gone So when you exit the Editor it makes a copy of your document that was in memory on a permanent storage device the disk At a later time you can have the Editor bring into memory a copy of the document that is on the disk so that you can re edit it Throughout this manual we will be creating and erasing documents only on your System Disk Of course there is a way to read documents from the disks in drives other than the System Drive and to save
132. ter Printer Driver PolyMorphic Systems Printer Setup Dialogue Form size in lines Printer lines per form Lines for TOP margin Spaces for LEFT margin Speed of printer in Baud Driver type STD AUTOTAB ETX ACK If you answer ETX ACK to this last question you will be presented with the following question Buffer limit 0 255 When you have provided the buffer limit you will see the following message Printer defined If you answer STD or AUTOTAB to the Driver type question you will see the following possible questions Understand form feeds Understand TAB character Need Special Timing If you answer yes to the last question above you will be asked the following Padding character Pads after CR After LF After TAB Once you have responded to these last four questions or have answered no to the special timing question you will see the following message Printer defined The last four questions appear only if the user responds yes to the previous question regarding special timing Let s look at these questions one at a time What is the form size in lines Most printers print six lines per inch and most pages are eleven inches long so usually you will respond to this question with 66 If your printer or form differs do some calculation to determine how many lines your printer will print on your form PolyMorphic Systems WordMaster Printer Driver Page 131 All responses are te
133. ter then cancels all indent commands 19 1 PERMANENT INDENT COMMAND ind n Default value characters When WordMaster sees a permanent indent command ind n it knows that you want to start indenting your text The first thing WordMaster does is to do a break in your text so that the characters after the indent command begin a new indented formatted line This allows you to know exactly what text WordMaster is going to indent WordMaster remembers the command value you specified in the ind n command Tt indents your text lines that many character positions from the left margin It also remembers to shorten the formatted lines it builds by that amount Page 94 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 How to Use the Command Use the ind n command anywhere in your document that you want to start a new line and start indenting Remember that WordMaster will keep indenting that amount until you exit WordMaster you use the no indent command nind you use the double indent command dind n or you change the ind n indent value in which case it will begin to indent with the new value When you change the ind n value WordMaster does not add the new value onto the old indent value Instead WordMaster begins indenting with the new indent value For example ind 5 We will indent this line 5 spaces from the left margin ind 19 We will indent this line 19 spaces from the left margin not 15 Anytime you change the inde
134. ter you correct it If you type a group of words make sure that you also type in the spaces and tabs that may appear in that group Make sure that the part of you document that contains that item is actually in memory Another thing to watch out for is the fact that the Editor can only look for symbols that appear in the document after your current cursor position That s why we advise typing a Control B to get to the front of your document before you start looking for things 2 The cursor stays where it is for a time but blinks This means that the Editor has found your group of symbols and is in the process of arranging things so that it can move your cursor to that spot After a brief moment the screen display changes and the cursor appears exactly to the right of the group of symbols you were looking for Now go ahead and erase those symbols and type in the correct ones After you ve found the item you were looking for you can always use the Control F command to find the item s next occurrence You don t need to do that if you are just going to look for the same symbols and not a new group After you ve used the Control F command once just type a Control C This tells the Editor to continue the search When the cursor remains where it is and doesn t blink you ll know that the Editor has found all occurences of your search item Page 38 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 6 4 USING ESCAPE CHARACTERS TO SAVE YOURSELF WORK
135. the characteristics of your printer To do that refer to Appendix B of this manual 8 2 PRINTER NULL AND PRINTER SCREEN Now for those printers that aren t really printers Unless you instruct it otherwise every time you push the LOAD button or turn on the machine the Printer Driver decides that you want to use Printer Null This is because Null is the default printer To change the default printer to another printer refer to System 88 User s Manual Section 12 The System 88 Printer Driver Well Null isn t really a printer When you tell the Printer Driver to use Null what you are really telling the Printer Driver is that you don t want to use a printer Everything that the Printer Driver sends to printer Null is simply thrown away This allows you to use programs that send data to a printer even if you don t have a printer Remember that you won t get any printout Printer Screen isn t really a printer either it s the video screen When you tell the Printer Driver that you want to use the Screen aS a printer the Printer Driver prints your document to the screen Once the Printer Driver knows what printer you want to use or that you want to use Null or Screen whenever a program sends symbols to a printer the Printer Driver makes sure that they are sent in the proper way 8 3 PRINTING A DOCUMENT To print a document that you have created using the Editor make sure that your printer is connected and that the Printer Driver kn
136. the header away for future reference We l talk about header and footer titles in Section 20 Then it sees the begin page command It advances to the bottom of the current page printing a footer if necessary and then goes to the top of the next page It prints the current page number and then prints the header Investment Analysis Now it centers and prints the next line of text Chapter 1 Your Stockbroker By the way if you are going to specify a new header for the new page make sure that you use the header command Page 92 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 before the command group containing the bpg command See the example above This makes sure that WordMaster learns about the new header before it goes to the next page 18 2 THE BEGIN ODD PAGE COMMAND bop You can also tell WordMaster that you want to start the next section of text on an odd numbered page This command operates in the same way as the bpg command except that it checks the page number of the new page If the new page is an even number WordMaster prints any necessary page numbers headers and footers but then advances on to the top of the next page This page is an odd numbered one and WordMaster knows that it is OK to resume printing your document now Example ohe Depreciation Schedule bop ce wul HOUSEHOLD FURNISHINGS Again if you are going to specify a new header make sure that the he or ohe command is before the bop command
137. the page A top margin of 3 tells WordMaster to print three blank lines before it prints the page number line A bottom margin of 4 tells WordMaster to leave four blank lines at the bottom of the page How to Use the Commands You will want to specify your top and bottom margins first thing in your document Make sure that no text precedes the command group Example lpp 51 wid 72 rm 5 1m 5 If your margin values are too large you will see the error message Lines per page value too small I ll use default values 10 5 PAGE NUMBERING COMMANDS fnpgn pgn AND rpgn n The next few paragraphs summarize the WordMaster page numbering commands WordMaster s default page numbering Section 14 Setting up a Page Page 59 instructions are print the current page number centered on the top line of the page after the top margin and surround the page number with two hyphens e g 135 If you don t want WordMaster to number your pages at all use the no page number command npgn Now WordMaster will not print a page number at the top of the page It will however keep track of the page number so that at some future point in the document you can start page numbering again To start page numbering after having used the npgn command use the page number command pgn The next time that WordMaster reaches the top of the page it will start printing page numbers again To reset the page number at any point in your document
138. the phrase it is to associate with the character that you ve just typed Type in your phrase Now hit the ESCAPE key 2 You have just defined an Escape character Whenever you type that Escape character the Editor will type the phrase associated with it Let s go through an example Say that you want to teach the Editor to type the phrase To Whom it May Concern whenever you type the Escape character Escape A Hit an ESCAPE Release iE Type an equals sign Type the letter A You see two cursors Now type To Whom it May Concern Hit an ESCAPE From now on until you leave the Editor every time you type an Escape A the Editor will type out the phrase To Whom it May Concern So move the cursor to wherever in your document you want that phrase to appear Then type an Escape A To see the Escape character definitions that you ve made type an Escape question mark The screen will clear and you will see the Escape characters that you have defined listed on the Section 6 Special Features of the Editor Page 39 left side of the screen followed by a colon and their associated phrases The screen also says Hit any key to continue Do so If you try to define Escape characters that the Editor uses like an Escape Up arrow the screen will clear and a message will say You cannot define control keys Hit any key to continue After you hit a key you again see the screen display of your document No harm done Any Escap
139. time we briefly mention a couple of the system commands Section 6 Special Features of the Editor We discuss some of the many Special features of the Editor We discuss the new Escape character definition ability of the Editor Section 1 Introduction to the Manual Page 3 Section 7 Functional Summary of Editor Commands A quick summary of all of the Editor commands grouped by function Section 8 Printing and Unformatted Document The Printer Driver We discuss the system Printer Driver and talk about how to print a document without using WordMaster PART III WordMaster Section 9 A First Look at Formatting Commands What s a formatting command what do they look like We discuss WordMaster s assumptions about what you want in a formatted document We tell you how to use the Editor to insert formatting commands into your document to prepare it for WordMaster Section 10 Setting Up a Page The fundamental formatting commands that you use to set up a page lines per page margin page width page numbering and line spacing commands Section ll Filled and Unfilled Text Two of the more important concepts in formatting are fill and no fill We talk about the two commands that perform these functions and explain just what WordMaster does when i fills text Section 12 Breaking and Skipping We describe the break and skip commands and explain why they are the most useful of all formatting commands Section 13 Right Just
140. ur header title he Report A607 Chapter 12 Page If you do nothing else WordMaster will stretch the line out so that every word is evenly distributed across the line Suppose that you want to divide it up into three groups Report A607 Chapter 12 and Page To ensure that WordMaster keeps the words in those groupings use the Non expandable blank symbol to keep WordMaster from inserting spaces between certain words when it right justifies he Report A607 Chapter l2 Page Now when it prints the header it will come out something like this Report A607 Chapter 12 Page 98 Using this same technique you can specify four part headers two part headers etc You ll notice that we used the Current page number symbol in the example above remember that although we represent it as a l in your document you will type two s in a row If you don t want WordMaster to right justify your headers you can always use the nrj command Just remember to turn right justification back on afterwards with an rj command if you want the rest of your document right justified If you don t want WordMaster to right justify your headers you can center them using the ce command i ce he Monthly Accounts Receivable Report 28 1 1 Other Page Header Commands ohe and ehe Instead of printing one header title on every page WordMaster allows you to specify a separate header for odd and even numbered pages To do this use the odd numbered page
141. w footers before the place in your document where WordMaster Page 100 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 will actually have to print that footer We usually specify footers at the same time as we specify headers at the very top of the document npgn lpp 61 wid 75 ohe ce Financial Report 1976 1978 ehe Chapter l Dividends Page fo cap ce wul Manassa corporation You ll notice by the way that we included the ce and wul commands in the same command group as the footer command WordMaster will center capitalize and underline the footer MANASSA CORPORATION Section 21 The Paragraph and Need Commands Page 191 Section 21 THE PARAGRAPH AND NEED COMMANDS 21 0 There are two advanced formatting commands that don t seem to fit into any of the categories we ve discussed up until now So here they are in the last chapter of Part IV the paragraph command par and the need command ne n 21 1 THE PARAGRAPH COMMAND par The reason for a paragraph command is simply to save you time when you type When WordMaster sees par it does a skip and a temporary indent of 5 spaces In other words par tells WordMaster to do a paragraph break Typing par is exactly the same as typing skp tin 5 There is one thing that you should keep in mind when you use the par command Suppose that you have something like this in your document We hope that this plan meets with your approval skp par Now for the next item
142. when you specify the header Remember to turn justification back on with the rj command My header didn t print on the first page Or the page number printed on the first page even though I used the npgn command You didn t have the header command or the no page number command at the very top of your document There was some text in front of the command group even if just a lot of spaces Remember that if you use a bpg or bop command you must use the header command Page 116 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 specifying the header for that page before the command group containing the begin new page commands I have a blank page after the first page of my document The page after the blank page is numbered correctly as page 2 Somehow WordMaster is getting confused about the number of lines on your page It is likely that your Printer Driver did a top margin and although you may have reset the paper so that the printer was set at the top of the page the printer didn t figure out that that was the top of the page Then when WordMaster did a form feed to advance you to the next page it did so after the end of the paper and so took us to the next page Make sure that your printer knows about the top of the page You may have to redo your printer description so that the Printer Driver does not do a top margin An alternative explanation of what is going on is that your lines per page value is too large Try running
143. xamples above WordMaster substituted a space for every Non expandable blank that it found WordMaster doesn t know that an NEB is a space until it comes time to print the formatted line At that time WordMaster converts any NEBs into spaces You use NEBs when you want to make sure that WordMaster prints only one space and you can also use it when you want to make sure that WordMaster is going to print at least two spaces How Just follow an NEB with a space If I type I demand the return of TWO THIRDS of my cleaning deposit I know that there will be at least two spaces before and after the words TWO THIRDS There may be more after WordMaster finishes right justifying the line but there will be at least two Formatted we see I demand the return of TWO THIRDS of my cleaning deposit You cannot use more than one NEB in a row They must be separated by spaces or other symbols Remember WordMaster sees two 8s as a request for one in your printed document 16 2 CURRENT PAGE NUMBER SYMBOL Whenever WordMaster reads a double symbol in your document it substitutes the current page number for that symbol A double symbol is two s in a row which we represent in this manual as tlf The reason why we have a current page number symbol is to allow you to decide for yourself where you want the page number on each page of your document Usually WordMaster centers and prints the current page number at the top of ever
144. xt in your document Move the cursor to the point in your document where you want to make a change For instance if you want to insert words move the cursor to the point where you want the insertion to begin Now just start typing If you want to change a word move the cursor directly to the right of the word you want to change Delete the word Next type the correct word To move the cursor up in the document use the key marked Q Section 4 Creating a Document Page 23 with an up arrow To move the cursor down use the down arrow key There are a few things that you should remember while you type If you accidently type a Control Y you will interrupt the Editor You ll see the prompt Before you do anything else type REENTER Then hit RETURN I you don t do this you will lose the document that you ve been typing since the Editor doesn t save the document on the disk until you leave the Editor in the normal way using its exit command When you type a space the Editor actually puts a space symbol into your document A space is not the absence of a character but is a character itself In the same way when you hit RETURN besides making the cursor go to the next line the Editor actually puts an invisible carriage return symbol at the end of the line before it moves the cursor You know from our previous discussions that if you don t hit RETURN at the end of a screen line the text will wrap around the screen and begin at the left sid
145. y a user s guide for WordMaster this manual has the broader aim of wanting to help you create documents That means not only the finished formatted document but also the rough cut and paste first draft of that document You re going to learn how to create a document and how to change it We ll talk about the special features of the Editor that help you to merge documents split them up into separate documents move paragraphs around inside your document erase whole blocks of text and whole documents and all of the other Editor abilities that save you time If you have any questions about using the Editor after reading this section see the System 88 User s Manual Section 10 The Editor If you are already very familiar with the System 88 Editor you will probably want to skip over the next sections and go directly to Section 5 4 Using Escape Characters to Save Yourself Work The ability of the Editor to memorize Escape character definitions is a new one belonging only to the latest versions of the Editor versions 84 and later and may be new to you Even before you begin to use WordMaster you will find that the Editor is very useful for creating the documents that you don t need to format After we talk about how to create and change a document we will discuss how to print that document directly without having WordMaster read and format it See Section 8 Printing an Unformatted Document The Printer Driver Page 26 Sys
146. y find when you undelete the disk that you have more than one document with the same Q Section 5 Changing a Document Page 31 name suddenly restored to undeleted status You ve got to get rid of the old documents while still leaving the one that you want to edit As it turns out when you delete documents the DELETE command deletes the oldest document of that name on the disk So let s say that the UNDELETE command undeletes three documents with the same name You want to keep the latest copy After a prompt type DELETE document name document name Hit RETURN Document name is the same for all three of the documents The DELETE command will delete the two oldest documents of that name on the disk Delete any other documents that you don t want Then pack the disk using PACK and again try to re edit your document If you ve tried the above suggestions and your document still won t fit see the System 88 User s Manual for information on using drives other than the System Drive A disk that isn t a System Disk will have more room on it Try to avoid this whole mess by being very careful to delete documents that you don t need anymore and to pack the disk regularly Page 32 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 9 Section 6 Special Features of the Editor Page 33 Section 6 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE EDITOR 6 0 Now that you know how to use the Editor you know all of the basics of creating documents The Edito
147. y page You can use the no page number command npgn to prevent WordMaster from typing the page number Then you can put the current page number symbol in the document where you want the page number Notice the top line of each page in the manual What you see is Section 16 WordMaster Special Symbols Page 84 Section 16 WordMaster Special Symbols Page 85 What is actually in the document is Section 16 WordMaster Special Symbols Page When it comes time to print this line which is called a title header by the way WordMaster substitutes the current page number for the current page number symbol As for why we used the NEBs in the header title well we ll talk about that in Section 20 Header and Footer Titles Of course you can have WordMaster print the current page number at any point on the page in titles at the bottom of the page as well as at the top a footer or on any line of text on the page 16 2 1 Sample Use Just to prove that we can print the current page number at any point on the page let s give WordMaster the following Unformatted This is page Formatted This is page 85 Look at the top of this page Yes 85 is the current page number Page 86 System 88 Word Processing WordMaster 2 0 Section 17 How to Center Underline and Capitalize Page 87 Section 17 HOW TO CENTER UNDERLINE AND CAPITALIZE 17 0 Most of the commands we ve talked about so far have had a rather wide reaching eff
148. yet printed the last formatted line of your document It is waiting to see if you want to continue with another document Section 14 How to Operate WordMaster Page 77 If you are not through formatting type the name of the document you want to format next Hit RETURN You will again see the message I m formatting If WordMaster cannot find your document it will repeat the message above Try again making sure that your spelling is correct When WordMaster finds your new document it will start to read text from it and add formatted text right onto the last unprinted line of the old document WordMaster continues using the formatting instructions and values you gave it in the first document so that when you format several documents at the same time they all look like part of one document This means that WordMaster does not reset page numbers at the start of each new document If you want to format each document separately you must exit WordMaster when it finishes each document and summon it anew for each one If you want to format them together but want to have each document start with a page number of 1 you can use the reset page number command rpgn at to reset the page number at the front of each document For advice on adding documents together using WordMaster see Part V Trouble shooting After WordMaster is done with a new document WordMaster will again ask you for another document Hit RETURN if you are through otherwise give i

System 8813 WordMaster Manual - PolyMorphic

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