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WattNode BACnet - Installation and Operation Manual

1. O ErrorStatus1 No Units Newest error or event 0 no errors 1 ErrorStatus2 No Units Next oldest error or event 2 ErrorStatus3 No Units Next oldest error or event 3 ErrorStatus4 No Units Next oldest error or event 4 ErrorStatus5 No Units Next oldest error or event 5 ErrorStatus6 No Units Next oldest error or event 6 ErrorStatus7 No Units Next oldest error or event 7 ErrorStatus8 No Units Oldest error or event Diagnostic Objects 8 UptimeSecs Seconds Time in seconds since last power on 9 TotalSecs Seconds Total seconds of operation 10 PowerFailCount No Units Number of power cycles on the meter Current Transformer Rated Amps 12 CtAmpsA 1A 5 A CT rated current O to 60000 13 CtAmpsB 1A 5 B CT rated current O to 60000 14 CtAmpsC 1A 5 6C CT rated current O to 60000 Demand Configuration Objects 15 DemPerMins 1 minute 15 Demand period 1 to 720 16 DemSubints 1 Number of demand subintervals 1 to 10 Miscellaneous Configuration Objects 11 ConfigPasscode O Optional passcode to prevent unauthorized changes to configuration 23 CreepLimit 1500 Minimum power for non zero readings 100 to 10000 24 PtRatio 1 0 Potential transformer ratio 25 CalPasscode Calibration passcode not for customer use Gain and Phase Adjustments 17 GainAdjustA 1 10000th 10000 A power energy adjust 5000 to 20000 18 GainAdjustB 1 10000t
2. ages printed in the white rectangle on the front label If the AEN EN LE LE Li voltages are in the normal range and the meter continues BEN ES R L3 R CEN E3 L3 amp to display one of these patterns return it for service 1 0sec No Line Voltage ABl Off H ot If the measured line voltage on all three phases is less than 2096 of the nominal line Vac then B H Off D Off the meter will briefly flash all three status LEDs C iJ Off D o every three seconds This may indicate lt ___ 3 0sec e he measurement circuitry has been dam aged and cannot read the line voltages Other Fixed Pattern If you see any other steady non flashing pattern contact Continental Control Systems for support 24 Installation Measurement Troubleshooting There are a variety of possible measurement problems The following procedure should help narrow down the problem This assumes you can communicate with the meter and read objects You can combine these diagnostic steps with the status LED diagnostics above Voltage Start by checking the reported voltage VoltA VoItB VoltC for active connected phases Make sure the voltages match the expected line to neutral voltages or line to ground for delta circuits You should check the actual voltages present at the WattNode meter with a DMM multimeter if possible e f one or more voltages are zero then you either have a wiring problem
3. then there must also be a fuse or circuit breaker of appropriate rating protecting the meter e WattNode meters only draw 10 30 milliamps CCS recommends using circuit breakers or fuses rated for between 0 5 amps and 20 amps and rated for the line voltages and the cur rent interrupting rating required e The circuit breakers or fuses must protect the ungrounded supply conductors the terminals labeled A 6B and 6C If neutral is also protected this is rare then the overcurrent protec tion device must interrupt neutral and the supply conductors simultaneously e Any switches or disconnects should have at least a 1 amp rating and must be rated for the line voltages e The circuit protection disconnect system must meet IEC 60947 1 and IEC 60947 3 as well as all national and local electrical codes e The line voltage connections should be made with wire rated for use in a service panel or junction box with a voltage rating sufficient for the highest voltage present CCS recommends 14 or 12 AWG 1 5 mm or 2 5 mm stranded wire rated for 300 or 600 volts Solid wire may be used but must be routed carefully to avoid putting excessive stress on the screw terminal e The WattNode meter has an earth connection which should be connected for maximum accuracy However this earth connection is not used for safety protective earthing Installation Connecting Voltage Terminals Always turn off or disconnect power before connecting the vo
4. 230 Vac WNOC 3Y 400 BN 277 Vac WNC 3Y 480 BN Single Phase Three Wire Mid Point Neutral This configuration is seen in North American residential and commercial service with 240 Vac for large appliances The three conductors are a mid point neutral and two line voltage wires with AC waveforms 180 out of phase this results in 120 Vac between either line conductors phase and neutral and 240 Vac or sometimes 208 Vac between the two line conductors phases PC or BACnet Host Continental Control Systems LLC A D0 RxD TxD e WarrNovE BACNET Bs D1 RxD TxD e WNC 3Y 208 BN Ground WNC 3D 240 BN w o Zon CT Q Status op CT O status RS o 9C CT O Status Shorting Em Jumper Source Faces Phase A Neutral dvol INI Phase B Current Transformers Figure 3 Single Phase Three Wire Connection Recommended WattNode Models The following table shows the WattNode models that can be used If neutral may or may not be present you should use the WNC 3D 240 BN see Single Phase Two Wire without Neutral below If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements If phase B may not be present you should use the WNC 3Y 208 BN see Single Phase Two Wire with Neutral above Meter Power Source WattNode Model N and 6A Neutral and Phase A WNC 3Y 208 BN A and 6B Phase A and Phase B WNC 3D 240 BN Installation 11 Single Phase Two Wire without Neutral This is seen
5. Revision 10 Product Description Three phase electric power transducer with BACnet MS TP BACnet Standardized Device Profile Annex L BACnet Application Specific Controller B ASC BACnet Smart Sensor B SS The WattNode BACnet is primarily a smart sensor B SS but also includes the characteristics of an application specific controller B ASC List all BACnet Interoperability Building Blocks Supported Annex K DS RP B Data Sharing ReadProperty B DS RPM B Data Sharing ReadPropertyMultiple B DS WP B Data Sharing WriteProperty B DM DDB B Device Management Dynamic Device Binding B Who Is I Am DM DOB B Device Management Dynamic Object Binding B Who Has I Have Segmentation Capability Segmentation not supported Standard Object Types Supported No objects support CreateObject or DeleteObject services Device Optional Properties Location 30 characters Description 30 characters Max Master Max Info Frames Writable Properties Object Identifier Location Description Max Master Max Info Frames Analog Input Proprietary Properties Integer Value 1000 Integer data type units of 0 1 kilowatt hours this property appears in all energy objects including reactive and apparent energy Analog Value Proprietary Properties Error Timestamp 2000 Unsigned data type units of seconds this appears in ErrorStatus objects and is the value of TotalSecs when the error occurred Writeable Properties The Present
6. USER CONFIG ERROR WRITE PRIMARY CAL ERROR WRITE BACKUP CAL ERROR ERASE BACKUP SECTOR ERROR SAVED PARAMETER BAD CRC ERROR NO SAVED OBJECTS INFO CAL PASSCODE TIMEOUT ACCESS INFO USER PASSCODE TIMEOUT ACCESS INFO BACKDOOR PASSCODE TIMEOUT ACCESS INFO INVALID CAL PASSCODE INFO INVALID USER PASSCODE INFO INVALID BACKDOOR PASSCODE INFO DENIED CAL ACCESS INFO DENIED USER CONFIG ACCESS WARNING OBJECT NOT WHITABLE ERROR GPIO FALL EDGE INT ERROR GPIO RISE EDGE INT ERROR POWER FAIL STUCK ERROR FLASH SIGNATURE ERROR SET VALUE MIN BOUND ERROR SET VALUE MAX BOUND ERROR SET INVALID VALUE Operating Instructions 47 99 ERROR WHITE FILE SIZE 100 ERROR 101 ERROR 102 ERROR 103 ERROR 104 ERROR 105 ERROR 106 ERROR 107 ERROR 108 WARNING UNKNOWN OBJECT 109 WARNING UNKNOWN PROPERTY 110 WARNING UNSUPPORTED OBJECT TYPE 111 WARNING VALUE OUT OF RANGE 112 ERROR WHITE ACCESS DENIED 113 ERROR ACCESS FIRMWARE FLASH 114 ERROR CAL FLASH ACCESS 116 ERROR 117 ERROR A serious error caused a watchdog reset 118 INFO A line power brownout condition caused a meter reset 119 ERROR 120 ERROR FILE WRITE OVERRUN FILE IMAGE SIZE ZERO FILE SIGNATURE BAD PRIMARY FLASH SECTOR BAD BACKUP FLASH SECTOR WHITE USER CONFIG FAILED WRITE CALIBRATION FAILED ERROR QUEUE OVERFLOW EXTERNAL RESET UNKNOWN RESET A
7. Value property of the objects ConfigPasscode CtAmpsA CtAmpsB CtAmpsC DemPerMins DemSubints GainAdjustA GainAdjustB GainAdjustC PhaseAdjustA PhaseAdjustB PhaseAdjustC CreepLimit PtRatio Specifications 51 Property Range Restrictions o The Present Value of CtAmpsA CtAmpsB and CtAmpsC is limited to 1 to 60000 amps o The Present Value of DemPerMins is ilmited to 1 to 720 minutes o The Present Value of DemSubints is limited to 1 to 10 O The Present Value of GainAdjustA GainAdjustB and GainAdjustC is limited to 5000 to 20000 o The Present Value of PhaseAdjustA PhaseAdjustB and PhaseAdjustC is limited to 8000 to 8000 o The Present Value of CreepLimit is limited to 100 to 10000 o The Present Value of PtRatio is limited to 0 05 to 300 Binary Value Writeable Properties The Present Value property of the objects InvertCtA InvertCtB InvertCtC ClearErrors ZeroEnergy RecallDefaults Multi State Value Optional Properties State Text array of descriptions of each possible state Writeable Properties The Present Value property of the objects PhaseOffset Averaging ZeroDemand Data Link Layer Options MS TP master Clause 9 baud rate s 9600 19200 38400 and 76800 Device Address Binding Static device binding is not supported Networking Options None Character Sets Supported ANSI X3 4 Electrical Power Consumption The following table shows typical power consumption and power factor values with al
8. etc for that object and may also implement some optional properties In most cases you will be interested in the Present Value property of each object since this is the property that provides the measurements Although your software or host will generally handle the details within the protocol a given prop erty of an object is addressed with a combination of the Object Identifier which is composed Operating Instructions of the Object Type and the Object Number and the Property Identifier For example if you want to read the AC line frequency you would read the ANALOG_INPUT Object Type 0 Freq Object Number 23 Present Value Property Identifier 85 Floating Point and Integer Values Most object values are provided as floating point values this is the standard format for Analog Value objects We also provide energy values in an optional 32 bit integer format using a custom property Property Identifier 1000 with a scaling of 0 1 kWh so a count of 20 would equal 2 0 kWh We generally recommend using the standard floating point values because they provide more resolu tion and dynamic range and they never requiring scaling However for energy variables the 32 bit integer values may be preferred because they provide a constant resolution of 0 1 kWh Device Object There is one device object for each WattNode BACnet meter The device object provides the following properties e Object Identifier 75 A com
9. factor from 0 5 to 0 8 positive reactive power Motor with VSD power factor between 0 5 and 0 9 Incandescent lighting power factor near 1 0 small negative reactive power Florescent lighting power factor between 0 4 and 1 0 Electrical heating power factor near 1 0 Office equipment power factor between 0 6 and 1 0 reactive power may be positive or negative Installation Negative power factor values either indicate you are generating power as with a PV system or that the CTs are reversed If the measured power factor or reactive power appears to be outside the normal ranges this most commonly indicates that the voltage and current phases on the meter are not connected properly although some loads fall outside the normal ranges Check the following e The CT connected to the 6A CT terminal is installed around the line wire being measured by the 6A Vac terminal green terminal block e The CT connected to the 6B CT terminal is installed around the line wire being measured by the 6B Vac terminal green terminal block e The CT connected to the 6C CT terminal is installed around the line wire being measured by the 6C Vac terminal green terminal block If this doesn t solve your problem contact technical support for more assistance BACnet Communication Diagnostics The Com LED indicates many BACnet communication conditions by lighting green yellow or red Other BACnet errors are indicated by returning a BACnet exception
10. in residential and commercial service with 208 to 240 Vac for large appliances The two conductors have AC waveforms 120 or 180 out of phase Neutral is not used For this configuration the meter is powered from the 6A and 6B phase A and phase B terminals For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N neutral terminal to the ground terminal This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal does not power the meter PC or BACnet Host Continental Control Systems LLC A D0 RxD TxD e z WATTNODE BACNET 1 B D1 RxD TxD WNC 3D 240 BN Common Ground o M CT Q Status op CT O status RS o Zoe CT Q Status Shorting PPP sumper Source Phase A 208 240 Vac Qvol ANI Transformers Phase B Figure 4 Single Phase Two Wire without Neutral Connection Recommended WattNode Model This configuration is normally measured with the following WattNode model Line to Line Voltage WattNode Model 208 240 Vac WNC 3D 240 BN If neutral is available you may also use the WNC 3Y 208 BN model If you use the WNCOC 3Y 208 BN you will need to hook up the meter as shown in section Single Phase Three Wire Mid Point Neutral and connect neutral You will need two CTs If one of the conductors phase A or phase B is grounded see Grounded Leg Service below for recommendations 12 Installation Three Phase Four Wire Wye This is typically seen in commercial and industrial
11. measurement is not in service For all the energy objects including reactive and apparent energy there is an additional optional property Integer Value 1000 that reports the energy value as a 32 bit signed integer value with units of 0 1 kWh or 0 1 KVARh or 0 1 kVAh In most cases you will not need these integer energy values and many systems will not self discover the custom property Integer Value Object Object Name Units Description Energy Objects O EnergySumNR kWh Total net bidirectional energy non resettable 1 EnergyPosSumNR kWh Total positive energy non resettable 2 EnergyNegSumNR kWh Total negative energy non resettable 38 EnergySum t kWh Total net bidirectional energy 39 EnergyPosSum t kWh Total positive energy 40 EnergyNegSum t kWh Total negative energy 41 EnergyA t kWh Net bidirectional energy phase A 42 EnerygB t kWh Net bidirectional energy phase B 43 EnergyC t kWh Net bidirectional energy phase C 44 EnergyPosA t kWh Positive energy phase A 45 EnergyPosB t kWh Positive energy phase B 46 EnergyPosC t kWh Positive energy phase C 47 EnergyNegA t kWh Negative energy phase A 48 EnergyNegB t kWh Negative energy phase B 49 EnergyNegC t kWh Negative energy phase C Reactive and Apparent Energy Objects 50 EnergyReacSum t KVARh Reactive energy sum of active phases 51 EnergyReacA t kVARh Net reactive energy phase A 52 EnergyRea
12. of the solid core CTs is specified from 1096 to 10096 of rated current The phase angle error is specified at 50 of rated current The CT suffix xxx is the rated current The N at the end of the part number indicates a nickel core material which is the only core material avail able for our solid core CTs Inside Accuracy Maximum CTT 0300 xxxN 0 30 7 6mm 5 15 20 30 1 1 CTT O500 xxxN 0 50 12 7mm 15 20 30 50 60 196 1 CTT 0750 xxxN 0 75 19 0mm 30 50 70 100 1 1 25 4mm 50 70 100 150 200 1 1 CTT 1250 xxxN 1 25 31 7mm 70 100 150 200 250 300 400 1 1 Table 14 Solid core CTs CTT 1000 xxxN 1 00 Specifications 55 Warranty All products sold by Continental Control Systems LLC CCS are guaranteed against defects in material and workmanship for a period of five years from the original date of shipment CCS s responsibility is limited to repair replacement or refund any of which may be selected by CCS at its sole discretion CCS reserves the right to substitute functionally equivalent new or serviceable used parts This warranty covers only defects arising under normal use and does not include malfunctions or failures resulting from misuse neglect improper application improper installation water damage acts of nature lightning product modifications alterations or repairs by anyone other than CCS Except as set forth her
13. or something is wrong with the meter Verify the actual voltages with a DMM multimeter In rare cases with delta circuits one phase may be grounded and will read zero volts e f one or more voltages are too low by more than 5 then make sure you have the correct model For example a WNC 3Y 208 BN expects line to neutral voltages of 120 Vac and can measure up to about 150 Vac If you apply 208 Vac line to neutral the WattNode meter will read a voltage in the 150 Vac to 180 Vac range e H any voltages read high then check your wiring If the wiring is correct contact support e f the voltages are close to the measured or expected values continue with the next step Power Next check the measured power for each active phase PowerA PowerB PowerC If possible estimate or measure the actual power Also make sure the load you are measuring is currently on e f one or more active phases are reporting zero power then the problem is probably one of the following o There is no active power the load is off or the power is too low to measure generally less than 1 1000th of full scale CT wires are not securely connected The CtAmps configuration objects for one or more phases are set to zero The CT or its wires are damaged There is strong electrical interference as might occur if the meter is in very close proxim ity to a variable speed drive also called variable frequency drive or inverter o The meter is not work
14. own wire back to the PC or host For best results especially for longer distances use wire recom mended for RS 485 Manufacturer Part Number AWG Pairs Shielded Impedance Insulation Belden 9841 1 Yes 120 ohms 300 V Belden 9842 24 2 Yes 120 ohms 300 V many CAT 5 5e 24 4 Optional 100 ohms 300 V many CAT 6 23 or 24 4 Optional 100 ohms 300 V Table 5 Recommended RS 485 Cabling e Since the RS 485 wiring may be located near line voltage wiring use wires or cables rated for the highest voltage present generally 300 V or 600 V rated wire e lf this cable will be in the presence of bare conductors such as bus bars it should be double insulated or jacketed e Use twisted pair cable unshielded or shielded to prevent interference Because the WattNode meter uses half duplex communication it only needs a single twisted pair but it also needs a conductor for common which may be the shield or a spare conductor 20 Installation Length Limits Under ideal conditions using cable with a 120 ohm impedance and proper termination it should be possible to run RS 485 signals 1200 m 4000 ft at up to 38 400 baud However a number of factors can reduce this range including electrical and magnetic interference EMI bus loading poor termination etc Repeaters are available to extend the range if necessary If it isn t convenient to daisy chain the main RS 485 bus to each meter you may use stubs or bran
15. t want to use the default 15 minute interval you should set the DemPerMins as well Verify Operation You should be able to read several objects to check that the meter is correctly installed and measuring power and energy Verify objects in the following sequence e Freq power line frequency should be near 50 or 60 Hz e VoltA VoltB VoltC should match your line to neutral voltage e PowerA PowerB PowerC should be positive unless you are measuring something that can generate power like a PV system and in a reasonable range for the load being measured make sure your load is ON e ErrorStatusf this will return O if there are no errors If you see any non zero values write them down and check the Diagnostic Objects p 45 section below to determine the problem If you don t get reasonable results check Measurement Troubleshooting p 25 above Measurement Overview The WattNode meter performs measurements every second to update three types of registers e Energy registers These accumulate up or sometimes down based on the consumed energy during each measurement period Energy values are preserved across power failures e Instantaneous registers These are non accumulating values like power volts current etc These are not preserved across power failures e Demand registers these accumulate data from each measurement but the reported demand values only update at the completion of a demand interval or sub
16. two ways by reading each optional property in turn to see if the meter responds with a value or an error or by using the ReadPropertyMultiple command with a specifier of ALL or OPTIONAL to get a response with the identifiers and values of all properties or all optional properties Multi state Values for each Multi state object there is a State Text property which is an array of strings describing the possible states BACnet Object and Property Lists This section lists the BACnet objects and properties provided in the WattNode BACnet meter The following sections provide detailed information about each object The objects are grouped by type as follows 30 Device there is one device object for each meter which provides information like the model serial number firmware version etc Analog Input the analog input object type provides all the measurement values supported by the meter such as energy power voltage current etc Analog Value the analog value object type implements several configuration and informa tional objects Binary Value the meter has a small set of binary value objects for configuration and simple toggle style commands Multi state Value the meter uses a few multi state objects for configuration and information BACnet Object and Property Addressing Each object EnergySum PowerSum VoltA etc implements the required BACnet proper ties Object Identifier Object Name Object Type Present Value
17. 1 inch 25 mm from each other and from neutral For best accuracy the CT opening should not be much larger than the conductor If the CT opening is much larger position the conductor in the center of the CT opening Because CT signals are susceptible to interference we recommend keeping the CT wires short and cutting off any excess length It is generally better to install the meter near the line voltage conductors instead of extending the CT wires However you may extend the CT wires by 300 feet 100 m or more by using shielded twisted pair cable and by running the CT wires away from high current and line voltage conductors OPTIONAL if you see spurious readings on unused phases jumper the unused CT inputs Installation 17 To connect CTs pass the wire to be measured through the CT and connect the CT to the meter Always remove power before disconnecting any live wires Put the line conductors through the CTs as shown in the section Electrical Service Types p 10 You may measure gener ated power by treating the generator as the source For solid core CTs disconnect the line voltage conductor to install it through the CT opening Split core and bus bar CTs can be opened for installation around a wire Different models have different opening mechanisms so you should familiarize yourself with the CT mechanism before starting the installation A nylon cable tie can be secured around the CT to prevent inadvertent opening So
18. 8V with neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 120 208 240V with neutral 3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 400V no neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V 400V with neutral 3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 480V no neutral WNC 3D 480 BN 277 Vac 480 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V 480V with neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Delta 240 415 480V with neutral The wire count does NOT include ground It only includes neutral if present and phase wires Table 1 WattNode Models WNC 3Y 400 BN 230 Vac 400 Vac WNC 3Y 480 BN 277 Vac 480 Vac WNC 3D 240 BN WNC 3D 400 BN 230 Vac 400 Vac Single Phase Two Wire with Neutral This configuration is most often seen in homes and offices The two conductors are neutral and line For these models the meter is powered from the N and A terminals PC or BACnet Host Continental Control Systems LLC A D0 RxD TxD e ex WATINODE BACNET B D1 RxD TxD e ens WNC 3Y xxx BN Commone ec Com ex O O OA CT O Status e O 6B CT Q Status E oB D O C CT O Status oC D i PPP AA Ground In Shorting Jumpers Source Face Line Current Transformer Z m Qvol Neutral Figure 2 Single Phase Two Wire Connection 10 Installation Recommended WattNode Models The following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to neutral voltage Line to Neutral Voltage WattNode Model 120 Vac WNC 3Y 208 BN
19. IC data line stuck low ERROR Energy mesaurement ASIC reading an invalid line frequency ERROR Energy measurement ASIC reading an invalid line voltage ERROR Energy measurement ASIC power reading was invalid too large 10 ERROR Energy measurement ASIC reactive power reading was invalid too large e ee ee ee e e e o KR EE Operating Instructions 45 46 11 WARNING Reached 10096 of overvoltage limi 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 WARNING Reached 110 of overvoltage limi WARNING Reached 120 of overvoltage lim WARNING Reached 130 of overvoltage lim WARNING Reached 140 of overvoltage lim WARNING Reached 150 of overvoltage limi INFO ENERGY_LOWER_BOUND INFO ENERGY_UPPER_BOUND INFO ENERGY_PHASE_A_OVERFLOW INFO ENERGY_PHASE_B_OVERFLOW INFO ENERGY_PHASE_C_OVERFLOW INFO ENERGY_RESET_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO ENERGY_FIXED_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO NEG_ENERGY_PHASE_A_OVERFLOW INFO NEG_ENERGY_PHASE_B_OVERFLOW INFO NEG_ENERGY_PHASE_C_OVERFLOW INFO NEG_ENERGY_RESET_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO NEG_ENERGY_FIXED_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO POS_ENERGY_PHASE_A_OVERFLOW INFO POS_ENERGY_PHASE_B_OVERFLOW INFO POS_ENERGY_PHASE_C_OVERFLOW INFO POS_ENERGY_RESET_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO POS_ENERGY_FIXED_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO REAC_ENERGY_LOWER_BOUND INFO REAC_ENERGY_UPPER_BOUND INFO
20. IP switch positions 1 6 each of which adds a different value to the address The change will take effect immediately Installation 19 pip switch 4 2 34 5 e Up 1 Value 1 8 16 32 1 142442 7 4416 20 142416432 51 Table 3 BACnet Address Selection For example if DIP switch positions 3 and 5 are in the 1 up position and the rest are O down the resulting BACnet address is 4 16 20 Baud Rate Select the baud rate by setting DIP switch positions 7 and 8 as shown below The change will take effect immediately DIP Switch Position 7 DIP Switch Position 8 9 600 default O Down O Down 19 200 1 Up O Down 38 400 O Down 1 Up 76 800 1 Up 1 Up Table 4 Baud Rate Selection Connecting BACnet Outputs The BACnet WattNode meter communicates using a serial EIA RS 485 interface The meter uses half duplex two wire plus common communication so the same pair of wires is used for send ing AND receiving Although the BACnet MS TP standard allows a maximum of 128 devices on the same RS 485 bus only 64 WattNode meters can be used together on the same RS 485 bus Planning the BACnet Network EIA RS 485 networks should always be wired in a bus or daisy chain configuration In other words the bus should start at the PC BACnet host or monitoring device and then run to each meter in turn Try to avoid branches and avoid home run wiring where each meter has its
21. ONMGKS ovrt tent tes abet tek catt stes cute aaa eaaa aaeanoa A eet ek ee 54 EE e 54 lu E Tug ins E Er PPP 56 Esso quond loi EEUU 56 Overview Congratulations on your purchase of the WattNode BACnet watt watt hour transducer meter The WattNode meter offers precision energy and power measurements in a compact pack age It enables you to make power and energy measurements within existing electric service panels avoiding the costly installation of subpanels and associated wiring It is designed for use in demand side management DSM sub metering and energy monitoring applications The WattNode meter communicates on an EIA RS 485 two wire bus using the BACnet protocol Models are available for single phase three phase wye and three phase delta configurations for voltages from 120 Vac to 600 Vac at 50 and 60 Hz Measurements The WattNode BACnet meter measures the following True RMS Power Watts Phase A Phase B Phase C Sum Reactive Power VARs Phase A Phase B Phase C Sum Power Factor Phase A Phase B Phase C Average True RMS Energy Watthours Phase A Phase B Phase C Sum Reactive Energy VAR hours Sum AC Frequency RMS Voltage Phase A Phase B Phase C RMS Current Phase A Phase B Phase C Demand and Peak Demand One WattNode BACnet meter can measure up to three different single phase two wire with neutral branch circuits from the same service by separately monitoring the phase A B and C values If necess
22. REAC_ENERGY_PHASE_A_OVERFLOW INFO REAC_ENERGY_PHASE_B_OVERFLOW INFO REAC_ENERGY_PHASE_C_OVERFLOW INFO REAC_ENERGY_SUM_OVERFLOW INFO APP ENERGY LOWER BOUND INFO APP ENERGY UPPER BOUND INFO APP ENERGY PHASE A OVERFLOW INFO APP ENERGY PHASE B OVERFLOW INFO APP ENERGY PHASE C OVERFLOW INFO APP ENERGY SUM OVERFLOW ERROR FLASH BUSY ERROR R8485 TX BYTE COUNT ERROR RS485 TX COLLISION ERROR RS485_UART_OVERRUN ERROR R8485 UART FRAMING ERROR RS485 FRAME SIZE ERROR RS8485 HEADER CRC ERROR RS485_DATA_CRC ERROR R8485 FRAME ABORT TIME Operating Instructions 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 TT 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 ERROR R8485 UART SOURCE ERROR R8485 RX FIFO FULL ERROR R8485 FRAME INVALID TYPE ERROR DATALINK TX FIFO FULL ERROR DATALINK TX LENGTH ERROR AUTO CONFIG CASE ERROR UPDATE LED CASE ERROR NORMAL LED CASE ERROR OVER VOLT LED CASE ERROR LOW POWER LED CASE ERROR NO LINE VOLT LED CASE ERROR NO FLASH LED CASE ERROR STARTUP LED CASE ERROR POST LED CASE ERROR ILLUMINATE LED CASE ERROR SET LED COLOR CASE ERROR PHASE ACTIVE CASE ERROR LINE TO LINE CASE ERROR GPIO INTERRUPT CASE ERROR AVERAGING PERIOD GT MAX ERROR AVERAGING PERIOD LT MIN ERROR USE DEFAULT CAI ERROR USE DEFAULT
23. Vac 400 Vac WNC 3D 400 BN 2 7 Vac 480 Vac WNC 3D 480 BN Installation 13 14 Three Phase Three Wire Delta Without Neutral This is typically seen in manufacturing and industrial environments There is no neutral wire just three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120 between the successive phases With this configuration the line voltage wires may be connected to the A 6B and C terminals in any order so long as the CTs are connected to matching phases For these models the meter is powered from the A and B phase A and phase B terminals Note all delta WattNode models provide a neutral connection N which allows delta WattNode models to measure both wye and delta configurations For best accuracy we recommend connecting the N neutral terminal to earth ground This will not cause ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter PC or BACnet Host Continental Control Systems LLC A A A D0 RxD TxD e exl WATTNODE BACNET B D1 RxD TxD ec WNC 3D xxx BN t Common e ec 6 o ce A CT O Status op CT O stus RS o Zo CT Q Status HU Ground WHITE Source Phase A r PhaseB z m dvol Phase C Transformers Figure 6 Three Phase Three Wire Delta Connection Recommended WattNode Models The following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to line voltage also called phase to phase v
24. WATTNODE BACNET Installation and Operation Manual WNC 3Y 208 BN WNC 3Y 400 BN WNC 3Y 480 BN WNC 3Y 600 BN WNC 3D 240 BN WNC 3D 400 BN WNC 3D 480 BN Continental Control Systems LLC http www ccontrolsys com Rev 1 03 M8 Information in this document is subject to change without notice 02008 2012 Continental Control Systems LLC All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Document Number WNC BN 1 03 Firmware Version 1 03 Revision Date March 30 2012 Continental Control Systems LLC 3131 Indian Rd Boulder CO 80301 808 444 7422 FAX 308 444 2903 E mail techsupport ccontrolsys com Web www ccontrolsys com WattNode is a registered trademark of Continental Control Systems LLC FCC Information This equipment has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B digital device pursu ant to part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation The FCC limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions may cause harmful interfer ence to radio communications However there is no guarantee th
25. alog Input Objects Measuremente menm mener nnns 32 Analog Value Objects Configuration and Diagnostics seeeeeeee 33 Binary Value Objects Configuration sssssssssssssee eene nnne nnne nnn 34 Multi State Value Objects Configuration and Diaonoetce ce ceeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeteees 35 Contents 3 Measurement Objects 0 2 ee ee eee rere renee errr erence n essen nne nnn hern s nnn n nnne nnns 36 SNE KEE 36 Per Phase Energy Cbiects AAA 36 Positive ife m 37 Negative Ee E 37 i em s 37 Apparent Energyss d bct bt Get ott Get t t ot Gt b ot oe ES 37 Power ObJe6tsiaiei tra A E AE EA AA UA AERA EATER AMA ERE MM RE Ee M hes 38 PROACTIVE EE 38 Apparent ET EE EE 38 Viele aS E S E AAAA EE 38 FIGQUCNCY Ee ana aie ea ee ee ee eee E 39 EU es R LIU 39 Me ee EE 39 IR El Le EE M LR 39 Configuration and Diagnostic Objects ronnan n a eee eene 41 Demand Configuration iia ette e RR HH HH HH RH EH b bets 43 STOMA CLS med cue EUN 44 Error G odes iiio biete ob peo ob eee Rb OPU Pb eben eiit 45 Maintenance and Repair ee nennen nnnnn nnne hh nenne nnns ne nnn nnn nnne 48 ee rg 49 More MER 49 Model le 49 rogo ENE 49 Meastiremenbo tr ath stan shah teak E dd dns 50 BACnet Communication 50 BACnet Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement PIC 51 feugi DE 52 rises err cM 53 Environmental eorr tee E e a er t re e tr e a e wr er a ew e ev ew n 53 G rrent TRAMSI
26. andC and DemandApp registers Start a new demand interval Diagnostic Objects UptimeSecs This counts the number of seconds the meter has been running since the last power failure or reset Resets can be caused by power brownouts or severe errors TotalSecs This 32 bit long integer counts the total seconds of meter operation since factory calibration PowerFailCount This counts the number of times power has failed cycled on this meter BaudRate This object reports the current baud rate based on the DIP switch baud rate setting 0 9 600 baud 1 19 200 baud 2 38 400 baud 4 76 800 baud Error Codes ErrorStatus1 ErrorStatus8 ErrorStatus1 through ErrorStatus8 list the eight most recent errors ErrorStatus1 lists the most recent error or status while ErrorStatus amp lists the oldest Reading these objects won t change the reported values so they can be read repeatedly without clearing the values They are pre Served across power failures The following lists many of the error and status code values For any errors not listed or marked ERROR contact technical support 0 No error or status messages ERROR Energy measurement ASIC unexpectedly busy ERROR Energy measurement data not processed before next sample period ERROR Transmit buffer to energy measurement ASIC full ERROR Receive buffer from energy measurement ASIC overflowed ERROR Energy measurement ASIC data line stuck high ERROR Energy measurement AS
27. are added together If the result is negative it is added to EnergyNegSum If it is positive then EnergyNegSum is left unchanged EnergyNegSumNR The EnergySumNegNR is identical to EnergyNegPos except that it cannot be reset to zero EnergyNegA EnergyNegB EnergyNegC These are the per phase negative real energy objects Reactive Energy EnergyReacSum EnergyReacA EnergyReacB EnergyReacC Reactive energy is also known as kVAR hours Inductive loads like motors generate positive reactive power and energy while capacitive loads generate negative reactive energy These are all bidirectional objects that can count up or down depending on the sign of the reactive power The WattNode meter only measures the fundamental reactive energy not including harmonics These values are reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object You may also reset them to zero or load preset values by writing to these objects Apparent Energy EnergyAppSum EnergyAppA EnergyAppB EnergyAppC Apparent energy kVA hours is the accumulation of apparent power over time The apparent power is essentially the RMS voltage multiplied by the RMS current for each phase For example if you have 120 VAC RMS 10 amps RMS one phase the apparent power will be 1200 VA At the end of an hour the apparent energy will be 1 2 KVA hour Apparent energy is always positive The WattNode meter s apparent energy includes real harmonics but not reactive harmon
28. ary you can use different CTs on the different circuits Communication The WattNode meter uses a half duplex EIA RS 485 interface for communication The standard baud rates are 9 600 19 200 38 400 and 76 800 baud The meter uses the industry standard BACnet MS TP communication protocol allowing up to 64 devices per RS 485 subnet Diagnostic LEDs The meter includes three power diagnostic LEDs one per phase During normal operation these LEDs flash on and off with the speed of flashing roughly proportional to the power on each phase The LEDs flash green for positive power and red for negative power Other conditions are signaled with different LED patterns See Installation LED Diagnostics p 22 for details The BACnet WattNode meter includes a communication LED that lights green yellow or red to diagnose the RS 485 network See BACnet Communication Diagnostics p 28 for details Options The WattNode BACnet meter can be ordered with options For more details and documentation see article WattNode BACnet Options on our website General Options e Option CTzxxx Pre assign xxx as the CtAmpsA B and C values e Option CT xxx yyy zzz Pre assign xxx to CtAmpsA yyy to CtAmpsB and zzz to CtAmpsC Overview 5 Current Transformers The WattNode meter uses solid core toroidal split core opening and bus bar style current transformers CTs with a full scale voltage output of 0 33333 Vac Split core and bus
29. ase Four Wire Delta Wild Leg 14 Grounded E RENE 14 le EE ee MM 15 Selecting Current TransfOrMers emnes 16 Connecting Current Iranstormerg eene nnns 17 Lee B daos odo d ELENCO DD NN E E EUER TE 18 Gonnecting Voltage Terminalss ee 19 Setting the BAGnebAGOGress rr HR ER ER RR PEE EAEE MER eben EM EE nbs kl 19 Daug ales ccr AM MM M M MM MM MM M MM MA 20 Connecting BACHE Oultpuls a d de b 20 Plannirig the BACnet ee 20 Helle WEE 21 Installation SUMMARY suere RR RENE NER AREE NE BEER ERE RARE BEER ENERO BEER ERE RARO BREREAKR AR RAEREREMER 22 Installation LED Diagonoetce Hmm 22 Other Fixed Pattern 2 0 20 ee emen nnne nnne nennen reenter ease sean nnne en n nnns 24 Measurement Troublesbootmg eene 25 BACnet Communication Diagnostics oerte AAIE EIRA mener 27 Operating Instructions eege ire Lo drerit eon cess Coo eon hana scbevstevscouSeadccetebinssvenduasescacbessecdedeases 29 QUICK EE vence e PO Ea RR RE 29 WattNode Basic Configuration osterea Artrit ALATA Henne 29 Verify Operation EE 29 Measurement OVeEVIGW rccte cis ERR aaa aE aa aa a aaa a SARUM RE aA RARE RARE RE a E RN REA E DEN 29 BACnet Communication x ote es e e t ee te ee s ee ep ue e ee pue e e e eee ts 30 BACnet Self DISCOVOLV cic tot RR RR RR EAT KR ERRARE REA RR a ere EM RR ere ena RR RM MEAE ERAN 30 BACnet Object and Property RE 30 BACnet Object and Property Adcresslimg ttn menn emere nne 30 Floating Pointand lInmeger ET 31 Be Nolo 31 An
30. at interference will not occur in a particular installation If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures e Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna e Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver e Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected e Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician to help Contents OAT ATALEAN soe sh 5 GEET E EE EE ENT 5 COMMUNICATION uictus ertet e ee eer ERI E e aii 5 IR Leet DEE 5 Helens ten AEE EE E E E E E E E E age A 5 E Ia TS SAO ET EN 6 Additional BEE 6 Front k bel a srann gan nannan anaiena a eA eA EAEE ea A AA Wa A A E WE EA OAN WEA EA A WEE EA OAA MEAE EAA WAEA a 6 Installati n T 9 IS Ke 9 Electrical Service TYPES viet Rr EAR SERE RER SEVERE A Aer Ee een 10 Single Phase Two Wire with Neuttrals sc att a cae taa tata daten 10 Single Phase Three Wire Mid Point Neutral emen 11 Single Phiase TwosWirewithout NGutral a d nsesage go B e OO DOO OO EE 12 Threes Phase Four Wire Wye eet e M RB ERR R EM AEA RE RR EM MEME TRE ERRERM MARRE ERRREMIA OMS 13 Three Phase Three Wire Delta Without Neuma nene 14 Three Ph
31. ate Value Objects Configuration and Diagnostics The multi state objects are primarily used for configuration and diagnostics Each object accepts or reports a Present Value 85 that is an integer representing one of the possible states The multi state objects support the same properties as the analog value objects but without a Units property and the following changes e Present Value 85 This reports or sets the value as an integer representing the state e Object Type 79 This reports MULTISTATE VALUE 19 for all binary value objects e Number Of States 74 This is the number of possible states e State Text 110 This is an array of strings with the descriptions of each possible state Object Object Name States Default Description 0 BaudRate O 9 600 Baud N A Read the current baud rate 1 19 200 Baud The baud rate is set with the 2 38 400 Baud DIP switches 4 76 800 Baud 1 PasscodeEnabled 0 No Passcode 0 Reads the state of user 1 Locked configuration access 2 Unlocked 2 PhaseOffset O Single Phase 3 The circuit type used to 1 3 Ph Grounded Delta compute line to line voltages 2 3 Ph High Leg Delta 3 3 Ph Balanced 4 1 Ph Center Neutral 3 Averaging O Fastest 1 Measurement averaging 1 Fast mode 2 Medium 3 Slow 4 ZeroDemand O No Change O Restart or reset demand 1 Reset Min Max measurements 2 Start New Interval 3 Reset and Start These registers are preserved a
32. attNode meter from a BACnet management tool or software Set this to INACTIVE O to turn off the wink pattern Operating Instructions Averaging The WattNode meter includes averaging for these objects PowerSum PowerA PowerB PowerC VoltAvgLN VoItA VoItB VoltC VoltAvgLL VoItAB VoItBC VoItAC Freq PowerFactorAvg PowerFactorA PowerFactorB PowerFactorC PowerReacSum PowerReacA PowerReacB PowerReacC PowerAppSum PowerAppA PowerAppB PowerAppC CurrentA CurrentB CurrentC Averaging is beneficial because it reduces measurement noise and if the meter is being polled less often than once a second say once a minute then the average over the last minute provides a more accurate reading than just the data from the last second which might be randomly high or low Averaging is configured by setting the Averaging object to one of the following values Averaging Values Averaging Period Update Rate O Fastest 1 second Every 1 second 1 Fast default 5 seconds Every 1 second 2 Medium 20 seconds Every 4 seconds 3 Slow 60 seconds Every 12 seconds Table 7 Averaging Settings When medium or slow averaging are specified the reported values for averaged objects will only update every 4 or 12 seconds respectively instead of once a second Demand Configuration DemPerMins DemSubints The variable DemPerMins sets the demand interval in minutes default 15 minutes and DemSubints sets the n
33. bar CTs are easier to install without disconnecting the circuit being measured Solid core CTs are more compact generally more accurate and less expensive but installation requires that you discon nect the circuit to install the CTs Additional Literature These additional documents are available on the Continental Control Systems LLC website or BACnet org website e WattNode BACnet Quick Install Guide e WattNode BACnet Register List Excel format WNC BAOCnet Register List V1 O xls e Continental Control Systems LLC website o http www ccontrolsys com w WattNode BACnet main page o http Awww ccontrolsys com w Category WattNode_BACnet support articles e http www bacnet org o BACnet Standard ASHRAE ANSI Standard 135 2010 Front Label This section describes the connections information and symbols on the front label 0 7 T2 0 NO OTT Systems LLC WarrNoDE BACNET SN 000003 2012 01 03 BEO A CT ES staus CN o ON 140V 0 6 240V NW Nem E status 240V CAT III US LISTED 3KNN Bolder CO USA Figure 1 Front Label Diagram A WattNode model number The WNC indicates a third generation WattNode meter The 3 indicates a three phase model The Y or D indicates wye or delta models although delta models can measure wye circuits the difference is in the power supply The 208 or other value indicates the nominal line to line voltage Finally the BN indicates BACnet outp
34. because they are available in larger and custom sizes appropriate for use with bus bars or multiple large conductors These are UL recognized under UL file number E325972 CTB wwwXhhh xxx where www and hhh indicate the width and height in inches and xxx indicates the full scale current rating The accuracy of the split core bus bar CTs is specified from 1096 to 10096 of rated current The phase angle is specified at 5096 of rated current amps Openin Rated Accuracy Maximum p g Amps Phase Angie Amps CTB 1 5x3 5 0600 1 5 x 3 5 38 1 mm x 88 9 mm 1 596 1 CTB 4 0x4 0 0800 4 0 x 4 0 101 6 mm x 101 6 mm YEN CTB 4 0x4 0 1200 CTB 4 0x4 0 2000 4 0 x 4 0 101 6 mm x 101 6mm 4 0 x 4 0 101 6 mm x 101 6 mm 1 596 1 1 596 1 5 CTB 4 5x4 0 3000 4 5 x 4 0 114 3 mm x 101 6 mm 1 596 1 5 CTB wwwxhhh xxxx Custom www by hhh inches 1 5 1 5 Table 13 Split core Bus Bar CTs Solid Core CTs Also called toroid or donut current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file number E96927 CTT 0750 100N CTT 1250 400N CTT 0300 030N CTT 0500 060N CTT 1000 200N CTT 0300 005N CTT 0300 015N CTT 0500 050N CTT 0500 030N CTT 0500 015N CTT 0750 070N CTT 0750 050N CTT 0750 030N CTT 1000 150N CTT 1000 100N CTT 1000 070N CTT 1000 050N CTT 1250 300N CTT 1250 250N CTT 1250 200N CTT 1250 150N CTT 1250 100N CTT 1250 070N The accuracy
35. bination of the Object Type and Object Number For the device object this is a network wide unique identifier By default the Object Number will be the meter s serial number but the device Object Identifier can be changed if necessary to ensure uniqueness e Object Name 77 A network wide unique name for this object defaults to a combination of the model name and serial number Object Type 79 Reports DEVICE 8 for all analog input objects System Status 112 This will return a value of OPERATIONAL 0 Vendor Name 121 This will return Continental Control Systems LLC Vendor Identifier 120 This will return 500 the vendor ID for Continental Control Systems Model Name 70 This will return the model number for example WNC 3Y 208 BN Firmware Revision 44 This will return the meter firmware version number Application Software Version 12 This will return the meter firmware version number Location 58 This is a user configurable string for the meter s location up to 30 characters Description 28 This is a user configurable string describing the meter Protocol Version 98 BACnet protocol version 1 Protocol Revision 139 BACnet protocol revision 10 Protocol Services Supported 97 This returns the supported services commands Protocol Object Types Supported 96 This returns the supported object types Object List 76 This returns an array of all the objects in the WattNode meter Max APDU Len
36. by tugging on each wire Do not install the meter where it may be exposed to temperatures below 30 C or above 55 C excessive moisture dust salt spray or other contamination The meter requires an environment no worse than pollution degree 2 normally only non conductive pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected 12 Do not drill mounting holes using the meter as a guide the drill chuck can damage the screw terminals and metal shavings can fall into the connectors causing an arc risk 13 If the meter is installed incorrectly the safety protections may be impaired e ae e O Installation 9 Electrical Service Types Below is a list of service types with connections and recommended models Note the ground connection improves measurement accuracy but is not required for safety o Jee es Neutral Line Service Types 1 Phase 2 Wire 120V with neutral WNC 3Y 208 BN 120 Vac 2087240 Phase 3 Wire 120V 240V with neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V 208V with neutra 1 Phase 2 Wire 230V with neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 230V 400V with neutra 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 277V 480V with neutra 1 Phase 2 Wire 277V with neutral WNC 3Y 600 BN 347 Vac 600 Vac 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 347 V 600V with neutra 1 Phase 2 Wire 208V no neutral 1 Phase 2 Wire 240V no neutral 120 140 208 240 1 Phase 3 Wire 120V 240V with neutral Vac Vac 3 Phase 3 Wire Delta 208V no neutral 3 Phase 4 Wire Wye 120V 20
37. cB t kVARh Net reactive energy phase B 53 EnergyReacC t kVARh Net reactive energy phase C 54 EnergyAppSum t kVAh Apparent energy sum of active phases 55 EnergyAppA t kVAh Apparent energy phase A 56 EnergyAppB t kVAh Apparent energy phase B 57 EnergyAppC t kVAh Apparent energy phase C Power Objects 3 PowerSum W Real power sum of active phases 4 PowerA W Real power phase A 5 PowerB W Real power phase B 6 PowerC W Real power phase C Reactive and Apparent Power Registers 7 PowerReacSum VAR Reactive power sum of active phases 32 Operating Instructions Object Object Name Units Description 8 PowerReacA VAR Reactive power phase A PowerReacB VAR Reactive power phase B 10 PowerReacC VAR Reactive power phase C 11 PowerAppSum VA Apparent power sum of active phases 12 PowerAppA VA Apparent power phase A 13 PowerAppB VA Apparent power phase B 14 PowerAppC VA Apparent power phase C Voltage Objects 15 VoltAvgL N V Average line to neutral voltage 16 VoltA V RMS voltage phase A to neutral 17 VoltB V RMS voltage phase B to neutral 18 VoltC V RMS voltage phase C to neutral 19 VoltAvgLL V Average line to line voltage 20 VoltAB V RMS voltage line to line phase A to B 21 VoltBC V RMS voltage line to line phase B to C 22 VoltAC V RMS voltage line to line phase A to C Frequency Object 23 Freq Hz Power
38. ches Long stubs or branches greater than 30 m 100 ft may cause signal reflections and should be avoided Termination Networks shorter than 500 m 1650 ft should not need termination Longer networks and net works in electrically noisy environments may need termination at both ends of the bus with 120 ohm resistors between the A and B terminals Generally you will put one termination resis tor at the PC or monitoring device and one at the meter farthest from the monitoring device Some EIA RS 485 PC interfaces include jumpers or switches to provide internal termination at one end of the bus In some cases termination can cause problems It dramatically increases the load on the bus so that some RS 485 PO interfaces cannot handle the load particularly port powered ones Also adding 120 ohm termination resistors may require the addition of bias resistors see next section Biasing EIA RS 485 networks frequently use bias resistors to hold the bus in a high or logic 1 state when no devices are transmitting In this state the BACnet A terminal is more negative than the B terminal Without bias resistors the bus can float and noise can appear as bogus data The WattNode meter uses an RS 485 failsafe transceiver that eliminates the need for bias resis tors except in noisy environments Furthermore many RS 485 PC interfaces include internal bias resistors so it is rare to need to add bias resistors I
39. cross power failures Operating Instructions 35 Measurement Objects In all of the following when reading or writing an object the Present Value 85 property is assumed unless another property specified Energy Objects Commonly known as kWh kilowatt hours the energy is the integral of power over time Many installations will only use the energy measurement It is commonly used for billing or sub meter ing Because energy is an accumulated value it can be used on networks that are accessed infrequently like a utility meter that only needs to be read once a month All energy object values are preserved through power failures In the WattNode BACnet meter most energy objects can be reset to zero by writing ACTIVE 1 to the ZeroEnergy object They can also be set to zero or a preset value by writing the desired value directly to each object All energy objects ending with NR for non resetting cannot be reset to zero for billing security You can protect all energy objects from being zeroed or preset by setting a ConfigPasscode All energy objects wrap around to zero when they reach 100 gigawatt hours 100 x 10 watt hours or negative 100 gigawatt hours only some energy objects allow negative values During a power outage the energy consumed will not be measured Whenever the line voltage drops below 60 80 of nominal the meter will shut down until power is restored To preserve the energy measurement across power outa
40. ctified_Loads CTs can measure lower currents than they were designed for by passing the wire through the CT more than once For example to measure currents up to 1 amp with a 5 amp CT loop the wire through the CT five times The CT is now effectively a 1 amp CT instead of a5 amp CT The effective current rating of the CT is the labeled rating divided by the number of times that the wire passes through the CT If you are using the measurement phases of the WattNode meter 6A 6B and C to measure different circuits you can use CTs with different rated current on the different phases Instead of setting one CtAmps value for all phases you can use different values for each phase CtAmpsA CtAmpsB and CtAmpsC Current Crest Factor 16 The term current crest factor is used to describe the ratio of the peak current to the RMS cur rent the RMS current is the value reported by multimeters and the WattNode meter Resistive loads like heaters and incandescent lights have nearly sinusoidal current waveforms with a crest factor near 1 4 Power factor corrected loads such as electronic lighting ballasts and computer power supplies typically have a crest factor of 1 4 to 1 5 Battery chargers VFD motor controls and other nonlinear loads can have current crest factors ranging from 2 0 to 3 0 and even higher High current crest factors are usually not an issue when metering whole building loads but can be a concern when metering individual
41. ctions unless you are qualified to do so Always adhere to the following checklist 1 Only qualified personnel or licensed electricians should install the WattNode meter The mains voltages of 120 Vac to 600 Vac can be lethal 2 Follow all applicable local and national electrical and safety codes 3 Install the meter in an electrical enclosure panel or junction box or in a limited access electrical room 4 Verify that circuit voltages and currents are within the proper range for the meter model 5 Useonly UL recognized current transformers CTs with built in burden resistors that gener ate 0 333 Vac 333 millivolts AC at rated current Do not use current output ratio CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and may create a shock hazard See Current Transformers p 54 for CT maximum input current ratings 6 Ensure that the line voltage inputs to the meter are protected by fuses or circuit breakers not needed for the neutral wire See Circuit Protection p 18 for details 7 Equipment must be disconnected from the HAZARDOUS LIVE voltages before access 8 The terminal block screws are not insulated Do not contact metal tools to the screw termi nals if the circuit is live 9 Do not place more than one line voltage wire in a screw terminal use wire nuts instead You may use more than one CT wire per screw terminal Before applying power check that all the wires are securely installed
42. d volt Standard CT Wire Length 2 4 m 8 feet Optional CT Wire Length up to 30 m 100 feet Split Core CTs Also called opening current transformers These are UL recognized under UL file numbers E96927 or E325972 CTM 0360 xxx ACT 0750 xxx CTS 0750 xxx CTS 1250 xxx CTS 2000 xxx where xxx indicates the full scale current rating between 0005 and 1500 amps The accuracy of the split core CTs are generally specified from 1096 to 100 of rated AC current The phase angle is specified at 50 of rated current amps Some low current split core CTs have unspecified phase angle errors Inside Accuracy Maximum CTM 0360 xxx 0 30 7 5 mm 5 15 30 50 70 1 2 ACT 0750 xxx 0 78 20 0 mm 5 20 50 100 200 250 x0 7596 x0 5 9 CTS 0750 xxx 0 75 19 0 mm 5 15 30 50 1 not spec CTS 0750 xxx 0 75 19 0 mm 70 100 150 200 1 2 CTS 1250 xxx 1 25 81 7 mm 70 100 1 not spec CTS 1250 xxx 1 25 31 7 mm 150 200 250 300 400 600 1 2 CTS 2000 xxx 2 00 50 8 mm 600 800 1000 1200 1500 1 2 Table 12 Split core CTs ONon stock models are available with 15 30 75 and 150 rated amps The ACT 0750 Accu CT model accuracy applies from 196 to 100 of rated AC current Option CO 6 Accuracy Accuracy 0 50 Phase Angle 0 25 54 Specifications Split Core Bus Bar CTs These current transformers are referred to as bus bar CTs
43. de meter cannot directly measure line to line voltages It provides these objects as estimates of the line to line voltage In order to estimate these voltages the meter must know the phase offset or the type of electrical service see PhaseOffset configuration object Frequency Freq The WattNode meter measures the AC line frequency in Hertz All phases must have the same line frequency otherwise this value will be erratic or incorrect Current The WattNode BACnet meter estimates the RMS current for each phase This is an indirect measurement and does not include all harmonic content so the current is not as accurate as the power and energy measurements CurrentA CurrentB CurrentC Technically AC current does not have a sign positive or negative but the WattNode meter sets the sign of the current to match the sign of the real power for the same phase For example if the power on phase A is negative then the current for phase A CurrentA will also be negative Power Factor The power factor is the ratio of the real power to the apparent power Resistive loads like incan descent lighting and electric heaters should have a power factor near 1 0 Power factor corrected loads like computers should be near 1 0 Motors can have power factors from 0 2 to 0 9 but are commonly in the 0 5 to 0 7 range If the power for a phase is negative the power factor will also be negative The reported power factor will be 1 0 for any phase
44. e Make sure earth ground is connected e f there are unused current transformer inputs install a shorting jumper for each unused CT a short length of wire connected between the white and black dots marked on the label e lf there are unused voltage inputs on the green screw terminal connect them to neutral if present or earth ground if neutral isn t available e f you suspect noise may be the problem try moving the meter away from the source of noise Also try to keep the CT wires as short as possible and cut off excess wire Meter Not Operating It should not be possible for all three LEDs to stay off A SE when the meter is powered because the phase powering B oit the meter will have line voltage present Therefore if all C Off LEDs are off the meter is either not receiving sufficient line voltage to operate or is malfunctioning and needs to be returned for service Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is within 20 of the nominal operating voltages printed in the white rectangle on the front label Installation 23 Meter Error If the meter experiences an internal error it will light A all LEDs red for three seconds or longer Check the B E ErrorStatus 1710 register to determine the exact error If C fs Red SES this happens repeatedly return the meter for service I 3 0sec Bad Calibration This indicates that the meter has detected bad cal
45. e pollution occasionally a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected Indoor Use Suitable for indoor use Outdoor Use Suitable for outdoor use when mounted inside an electrical enclosure Hammond Mfg Type EJ Series that is rated NEMA 3R or 4 IP 66 Specifications 53 Mechanical Enclosure High impact ABS and or ABS PC plastic Flame Resistance Rating UL 94V 0 IEC FV O Size 153 mm x 85 mm x 38 mm 6 02 in x 3 35 in x 1 50 in Weight 314 gm 11 1 oz Connectors Euroblock style pluggable terminal blocks Green up to 12 AWG 2 5 mm 600 V Black up to 12 AWG 2 5 mm 300 V Current Transformers WattNode meters use CTs with built in burden resistors generating 0 33333 Vac at rated AC cur rent The maximum input current rating is dependent on the CT frame size see the tables below Exceeding the maximum input current rating may damage CTs but should not harm the meter None of these CTs measure DC current and the accuracy can be degraded in the presence of DC currents as from half wave rectified loads WattNode meters should only be used with UL recognized current transformers which are avail able from Continental Control Systems Using non approved transformers will invalidate the meter UL listing The following sections list approved UL recognized current transformers Common CT Specifications Type voltage output integral burden resistor Output Voltage at Rated Current 0 33333 Vac one thir
46. een as a warning Extended over voltage operation can damage the meter and void the warranty See Line Voltage Too High p 24 Over Current Limit 12096 of rated current Exceeding 12096 of rated current will not harm the WattNode meter but the current and power will not be measured accurately BACnet Communication Protocol BACnet MS TP Baud Rates 9600 19200 38400 and 76800 Duplex Half two wire plus common Parity N81 no parity eight data bits one stop bit BACnet Buffer 512 bytes 480 byte maximum APDU Communication Response Time 5 25 milliseconds EIA RS 485 Interface RS 485 Output Isolation 4500 Vac RMS Driver Output Voltage Open Circuit 6 Vdc maximum Driver Output Voltage 54 O load 1 5 Vdc minimum Driver Output Current 54 O load 60 mA typical Driver Output Rise Time 54 Q 50 pF load 900 nS typical Receiver Common Mode Voltage Range 7 Vdc to 12 Vdc maximum 50 Specifications Receiver Sensitivity 200 mV Receiver Bus Load 1 8 unit load up to 64 WattNode meters per subnet Receiver Failsafe Modes bus open bus shorted bus idle BACnet Protocol Implementation Conformance Statement PICS Date March 30 2012 Vendor Name Continental Control Systems LLC Product Name WattNode BACnet Product Model Number WNC 3Y 208 BN WNC 3Y 400 BN WNC 3Y 480 BN WNC 3Y 600 BN WNC 3D 240 BN WNC 3D 400 BN WNC 3D 480 BN Application Software Version 1 0 Firmware Revision 1 03 BACnet Protocol
47. ein CCS makes no warranties expressed or implied and CCS disclaims and negates all other warranties including without limitation implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose Limitation of Liability 56 In no event shall CCS be liable for any indirect special incidental punitive or consequen tial damages of any kind or nature arising out of the sale or use of its products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise including without limitation lost profits even if CCS has been advised of the possibility of such damages Customer acknowledges that CCS s aggregate liability to Customer relating to or arising out of the sale or use of CCS s products whether such liability is asserted on the basis of contract tort or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price paid by Customer for the products in respect of which damages are claimed Customer specifically acknowledges that CCS s price for the products is based upon the limitations of CCS s liability set forth herein Warranty
48. environments The conductors are neutral and three power lines with AC waveforms shifted 120 between phases The line voltage conductors may be connected to the A B and C terminals in any order so long as the CTs are con nected to matching phases It is important that you connect N neutral for accurate measure ments For wye 3Y models the meter is powered from the N and 6A terminals PC or BACnet Host Continental Control Systems LLC A A A DO RxD TxD e 4 WarTNovDE BACNET B D1 RxD TxD e WNC 3Y xxx BN Ground WNC 3D xxx BN Phase A Phase B m z Phase C C M Qvol Transformers Neutral Figure 5 Three Phase Four Wire Wye Connection Recommended WattNode Models The following table shows the WattNode models that should be used depending on the line to neutral voltage and line to line voltage also called phase to phase voltage Line to Neutral Voltage Line to Line Voltage WattNode Model 120 Vac 208 Vac WNC 3Y 208 BN 230 Vac 400 Vac WNC 3Y 400 BN 277 Nac 480 Vac WNC 3Y 480 BN 347 Vac 600 Vac WNC 3Y 600 BN Note you may also use the following delta WattNode models to measure three phase four wire wye circuits The only difference is that delta WattNode models are powered from A and 4B rather than N and 6A If neutral is present it must be connected for accurate measurements Line to Neutral Voltage Line to Line Voltage WattNode Model 120 140 Vac 208 240 Vac WNC 3D 240 BN 230
49. er readings when the power should be zero You can adjust the creep limit to eliminate this problem For example to adjust the creep limit to 1 500th of full scale 0 2 set CreepLimit to 500 PhaseOffset The WattNode meter cannot directly measure line to line voltages VoItAB VoItBC VoltAC VoltAvgLL To estimate these voltages the meter must know the circuit type or phase offset of the electrical service being measured This setting has no effect on any other measurements or objects and is only needed if you plan to monitor the line to line voltages PhaseOffset Values Electrical Service Type Single phase all line to line voltages will read zero Use this set ting when monitoring multiple single phase branch circuits Three phase grounded delta grounded leg where one phase is connected to earth rare 0 Single Phase 1 8 Ph Grounded Delta 2 3 Ph High Leg Delta Four wire delta wild leg 120 208 240 3 8 Ph Balanced Default Three phase circuits 120 208 230 400 277 480 347 600 Single phase three wire mid point neutral 120 240 4 1 Ph Center Neutral VoItAB will report the line to line voltage VoItBC and VoItAC will report zero regardless of the actual phase C voltage Table 8 PhaseOffset Values Zeroing Objects RecallDefaults Writing ACTIVE 1 to RecallDefaults will return all configuration objects to the factory default state CtXAmpsA CtAmpsB CtAmpsC DemPerMins De
50. f you determine that your network is experiencing noise problems then you may want to add termination and possibly bias resistors Wiring Once you ve planned the network and strung the cable you can connect the WattNode meters e The BACnet terminals A B C and X are completely isolated 4500 Vac RMS isolation from dangerous voltages so you can connect them with the meter powered They are also isolated from the meter s earth ground and neutral connections e When connecting WattNode meters to a PC or monitoring device connect all A terminals together all B terminals together and all C common terminals together e You may put two sets of wires in each screw terminal to make it easier to daisy chain the network from one device to the next If you do this we recommend that you twist the wires tightly together before putting them into the screw terminal to ensure that one wire doesn t pull free causing communication problems e f you are using shielded cable you may use the shield to provide the BACnet common C connection between all devices on the network e Connect the cable shield or BACnet common if there is no shield to earth ground at just the BACnet master end of the cable Grounding both ends can cause ground loops Leaving the common floating risks damaging the RS 485 circuitry Installation 21 Installation Summary 1 Mount the WattNode meter 2 Turn off power before installing solid core non o
51. ges the meter writes the energy to non volatile flash memory When power returns the last stored value is recovered EnergySum EnergySumNR EnergySum is the net real energy sum of all active phases where net means negative energy will subtract from the total This value is appropriate for net metering applications i e photovol taic where you wish to measure the net energy in situations where you may sometimes consume energy and other times generate energy Use EnergyPosSum instead if you don t want negative energy to subtract from the total EnergySum is reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object The EnergySumNR is identical to EnergySum except that it cannot be reset to zero EnergyPosSum EnergyPosSumNR EnergyPosSum is equivalent to a traditional utility meter that can only spin in one direction Every second the measured real energies for each active phase are added together If the result is positive it is added to EnergyPosSum If it is negative then EnergyPosSum is left unchanged EnergyPosSum is reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object The EnergySumPosNR is identical to EnergySumPos except that it cannot be reset to zero Per Phase Energy Objects 36 EnergyA EnergyB EnergyC The per phase energy objects report the net real energy for each phase where net means negative energy will subtract from the total This value is appropriate for net metering applicatio
52. gth Accepted 62 This is the maximum application packet length sup ported 480 bytes The longest MS TP packet is 512 bytes because of physical and network layer overhead e Segmentation Supported 107 This returns NO SEGMENTATION 3 e APDU Timeout 11 The time in milliseconds between retries for packets that are not acknowledged This defaults to 3000 e Number Of APDU Retries 73 This is the number of retries for packets It defaults to 3 e Device Address Binding 30 This required property is used to configure address bindings to other devices e Database Revision 155 This integer value increments whenever objects are added objects are removed an Object Identifier is changed or an Object Name is changed Operating Instructions 31 The WattNode meter only supports changing the Object Identifier or Object Name of the device object so those are the only actions that will increment this number Analog Input Objects Measurements For all the Analog Input objects the following properties are supported e Present Value 85 This reports the measured value as a floating point number Object Identifier 75 combination of the Object Type and Object Number Object Name 77 A string name for this object such as EnergySum Object Type 79 Reports ANAL OG INPUT 0 for all analog input objects Units 117 The units for this measurement Out Of Service 81 This True False value indicates if the physical
53. h 10000 6B power energy adjust 5000 to 20000 19 GainAdjustC 1 10000th 10000 C power energy adjust 5000 to 20000 20 PhaseAdjustA 0 001 deg O A CT phase angle adjust 8000 to 8000 21 PhaseAdjustB 0 001 deg O OD CT phase angle adjust 8000 to 8000 22 PhaseAdjustC 0 001 deg O C CT phase angle adjust 8000 to 8000 These registers are preserved across power failures Binary Value Objects Configuration The binary value objects are primarily used for configuration and single action commands Each object accepts or reports a Present_Value 85 of ACTIVE 1 or INACTIVE 0 The binary value objects support the same properties as the analog value objects but without a Units property and the following changes e Present_Value 85 This reports or sets the value to ACTIVE or INACTIVE e Object Type 79 This reports BINARY VALUE 5 for all binary value objects 34 Operating Instructions Object Object Name Default Description O InvertCtA INACTIVE Invert the polarity of the 6A CT 1 InvertCtB INACTIVE Invert the polarity of the 6B CT 2 InvertCtC INACTIVE Invert the polarity of the 6C CT 3 ClearErrors INACTIVE Write TRUE to zero all ErrorStatus objects 4 ZeroEnergy INACTIVE Write TRUE to zero all resettable energy registers 5 RecallDefaults INACTIVE Recall the factory default setup 6 Wink INACTIVE Display a special LED pattern These registers are preserved across power failures Multi St
54. ibration A Sa ees B data and must be returned for service Line Voltage Too High Whenever the meter detects line voltages over 125 of WER CG men ABIcCERIcERIcEIcEIcE normal for one or more phases it will display a fast red B green flashing for the affected phases This is harmless H C it occurs due a momentary surge but if the line voltage is 1 0sec high continuously the power supply may fail If you see continuous over voltage flashing disconnect the meter immediately Check that the model and voltage rating is correct for the electrical service Bad Line Frequency If the meter detects a power line frequency below 45 Hz or above 70 Hz it will light all the LEDs yellow for at least B elen three seconds The LEDs will stay yellow until the line C velw frequency returns to normal During this time the meter je 3 0sec should continue to accurately measure power This can occur in the presence of extremely high noise such as if the meter is too close to an unfiltered variable frequency drive Low Line Voltage AM Ema These LED patterns occur if the line voltage is too low B ELECTED Red M for the meter to operate correctly and the meter reboots C Red M Red M repeatedly The pattern will be synchronized on all three d 1 0 LEDs Verify that the voltage on the Vac screw terminals is SE not more than 2096 lower than the nominal operating volt
55. ics These values are reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object You may also reset them to zero or load preset values by writing to these objects Operating Instructions 37 Power Objects PowerA PowerB PowerC The WattNode meter measures real power watts for each phase PowerA PowerB Power The measured power is generally positive but may also be negative either because you are generating power such as with solar panels or because the meter isn t connected properly PowerSum This is the sum of the real power for active phases line voltage above 2096 of nominal This can include negative values so if one phase is negative it will reduce the reported PowerSum Reactive Power Reactive power is also known as VARs Inductive loads like motors generate positive reactive power while capacitive loads generate negative reactive power Reactive power transfers no net energy to the load and generally is not metered by the utility Loads with high reactive power relative to the real power will tend to have lower power factors The integer reactive power objects are scaled by PowerlntScale The WattNode meter only measures the fundamental reactive power not including harmonics PowerReacA PowerReacB PowerReacC These are the per phase reactive power measurements PowerReacSum The PowerReacSum is the sum of the reactive power of active phases This can include negative values so if one phase is
56. ing correctly try swapping it with a replacement WattNode meter e f one or more active phases are reporting negative power o The current transformer has been installed backward on the wire being measured CTs are marked with either an arrow or a label saying This side toward source If the arrow or label are not oriented toward the source of power generally the panel or breaker then the measured current will be inverted and the power negative This can be fixed either by flipping the CT or by swapping the white and black wires where they enter the meter o The current transformer white and black wires have been swapped where they enter the WattNode meter at the black screw terminal block O O O O o The line voltage phases green screw terminals are not matched up with the current phases black screw terminals For example the phase A CT is around the phase B wire o This may be normal if you are measuring in an environment were power may be con sumed or generated such as a house with PV panels e f one or more phases are reporting low or high power o Make sure the CtAmps configuration is set correctly for your current transformers Installation 25 26 The current transformers may have a rated current too high or too low for your applica tion CTs should be used between 1 and 100 of their rated current for best results They generally work with reduced accuracy as low as 0 596 to 0 196 of rated current The CTs may n
57. interval which is typically every 15 minutes Only the peak demand values are preserved across power failures Operating Instructions 29 BACnet Communication The WattNode BACnet meter uses the BACnet MS TP communication protocol For full specifi cations see http www bacnet org BACnet MS TP is a binary protocol consisting of message frames The BACnet MS TP specification requires 8 data bits no parity and one stop bit The BACnet MS TP protocol supports multiple master and slave devices The WattNode meter is a master device BACnet Self Discovery The WattNode BACnet meter supports the standard BACnet types of self discovery Most BACnet host software and devices can perform self discovery to read some or all of the following information Depending on how the self discovery is implemented and how much information is requested full self discovery can take as long as a couple of minutes Address the normal BACnet MS TP polling mechanism should identify new WattNode meters on an RS 485 subnet within several seconds of when the devices are connected and powered up Object List once a new device has been detected a BACnet host can read the Object List property of the Device object to get a list of all the objects in a WattNode meter Object Names each object implements an Object Name property which can be used to read out the names of the objects Properties for each object the implemented properties can be discovered
58. ion you can save money by removing the CT for the grounded phase since all the power will be measured on the non grounded phases We recommend putting the grounded leg on the 6B or 6C inputs and attaching a note to the meter indicating this configuration for future reference Mounting Protect the WattNode meter from moisture direct sunlight high temperatures and conductive pollution salt spray metal dust etc If moisture or conductive pollution may be present use an IP 66 or NEMA 4 rated enclosure to protect the meter Due to its exposed screw terminals the meter must be installed in an electrical service panel an enclosure or an electrical room The meter may be installed in any orientation directly to a wall of an electrical panel or junction box lt 153 mm 6 02 gt 9 8 mm 0 386 C 136 6 mm 5 375 95 1 mm 0 200 Drawn to Scale 38 mm 1 50 High Figure 7 WattNode Meter Dimensions The WattNode meter has two mounting holes spaced 5 375 inches 137 mm apart center to center These mounting holes are normally obscured by the detachable screw terminals Remove the screw terminals by pulling outward while rocking from end to end The meter or Figure 7 may be used as a template to mark mounting hole positions but do not drill the holes with the meter in the mounting position because the drill may damage the connectors and leave drill shavings in the connectors You
59. l three phases powered at nominal line voltages The power supply draws most of the total power consumed while the measurement circuitry draws 1 10 of the total 6 96 milliwatts per phase depending on the model Due to the design of the power supply WattNode meters draw slightly more power at 50 Hz Power Rated Power Power Supply Supply 1 Factor NA Range Vac Terminals WNC 3Y 208 BN 96 138 N and A WNC 3Y 400 BN 184 264 N and A WNC 3Y 480 BN 222 318 N and 6A WNC 3Y 600 BN 278 399 N and 6A WNC 3D 240 BN f 166 276 oA and 6B WNC 3D 400 BN 320 460 6A and 6B WNC 3D 480 BN 384 552 A and 6B Table 10 Power Supply Characteristics Note This is the maximum at 115 of nominal Vac at 50 Hz This is the same as the value that appears on the front label of the meter 52 Specifications Maximum Power Supply Voltage Range 20 to 15 of nominal see table above For the WNC 3D 240 BN this is 20 of 208 Vac 166 Vac to 15 of 240 Vac 276 Vac Operating Frequencies 50 60 Hz Measurement Category CAT III Measurement category Ill is for measurements performed in the building installation Examples are measurements on distribution boards circuit breakers wiring including cables bus bars junction boxes switches socket outlets in the fixed installation and equipment for industrial use and some other equipment for example stationary motors with permanen
60. line frequency Current Registers 24 CurrentA A RMS current phase A 25 CurrentB A RMS current phase B 26 CurrentC A RMS current phase C Power Factor Registers 27 PowerFactorAvg Power factor average 28 PowerFactorA Power factor phase A 29 PowerFactorB Power factor phase B 30 PowerFactorC Power factor phase C Demand Registers 31 DemandSum W Real power sum demand 32 DemandApp W Apparent power sum demand 33 DemandA W Real power demand phase A 34 DemandB W Real power demand phase B 35 DemandC W Real power demand phase C 36 DemandMin W Minimum power sum demand 37 DemandMax W Maximum power sum demand These registers are preserved across power failures tThese registers support resetting or presetting the value Analog Value Objects Configuration and Diagnostics The WattNode meter uses Analog Value objects for configuration and diagnostics For all the Analog Value objects the following properties are supported e Present Value 85 This reports or sets the configuration or diagnostic value as a floating point number Object Identifier 75 A combination of the Object Type and Object Number Object Name 77 A string name for this object such as CtAmpsA Object Type 79 This reports ANALOG VALUE 2 for all analog value objects Units 117 The units for this object Many of the Analog Value objects have No Units Operating Instructions 33 Object Object Name Units Default Description Error Status Objects
61. loads with high current crest factors If the peak current is too high the meter s CT inputs can clip causing inaccurate readings This means that when measuring loads with high current crest factors you may want to be conservative in selecting the CT rated current For example if your load draws 10 amps RMS but has a crest factor of 3 0 then the peak current is 30 amps If you use a 15 amp CT the meter will not be able to accurately measure the 30 amp peak current Note this is a limitation of the meter measurement circuitry not the CT The following graph shows the maximum RMS current for accurate measurements as a function of the current waveform crest factor The current is shown as a percentage of CT rated current For example if you have a 10 amp load with a crest factor of 2 0 the maximum CT current is approximately 8596 Eighty five percent of 15 amps is 12 75 which is higher than 10 amps so Installation your measurements should be accurate On the other hand if you have a 40 amp load with a crest factor of 4 0 the maximum CT current is 4296 Forty two percent of a 100 amp CT is 42 amps so you would need a 100 amp CT to accurately measure this 40 amp load 14095 5 _ 120 ce O 400 53 od o E 80 o o 5 60 E c 58 40 ES x S 20 0 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 Crest Factor Figure 8 Maximum CT Current vs Crest Factor You frequently won t know the crest factor for y
62. ltage inputs to the meter Con nect each phase voltage to the appropriate input on the green terminal block also connect ground and neutral if required The voltage inputs to the meter do not need to be powered from to the same branch circuit as the load being monitored In other words if you have a three phase panel with a 100 A three pole breaker powering a motor that you wish to monitor you can power the meter or several meters from a separate 20 A three pole breaker installed in the same or even adjacent panel so long as the load and voltage connections are supplied from the same electric service The green screw terminals handle wire up to 12 AWG 2 5 mm Strip the wires to expose 1 4 6 mm of bare copper When wiring the meter do not put more than one wire under a screw If you need to distribute power to other meters use wire nuts or a power distribution block The section Electrical Service Types p 10 shows the proper connections for the different meter models and electrical services Verify that the voltage line phases match the CT phases If there is any doubt that the meter voltage rating is correct for the circuit being measured unplug the green terminal block to protect the meter turn on the power and use a voltmeter to compare the voltages probe the terminal block screws to the values in the white box on the meter front label After testing plug in the terminal block making sure that is pushed in all the wa
63. mSubints GainAdjustA GainAdjustB GainAdjustC PhaseAdjustA PhaseAdjustB PhaseAdjustC CreepLimit PtRatio InvertCtA InvertCtB InvertCtC PhaseOffset and Averaging This will not change the accumulated energies ConfigPasscode UptimeSecs TotalSecs PowerFailCount the calibration and the ErrorStatus objects ZeroEnergy Writing ACTIVE 1 to ZeroEnergy will simultaneously set all of the energy objects to zero except those ending in NR for non resettable The energy objects can also be set to zero or a preset value by writing the desired value directly to each energy object If a ConfigPasscode has been set then you must unlock the meter before you can zero or preset the energy The meter will immediately set ZeroEnergy back to INACTIVE so if you read ZeroEnergy it will always report INACTIVE 44 Operating Instructions As a security measure there are three non resettable energy objects EnergySumNR EnergyPosSumNR EnergyNegSumNR that can never be reset to zero ZeroDemand The ZeroDemand object can be written with three values or zero which does nothing If a ConfigPasscode has been set then you must unlock the meter before you can zero demand e 1 Heset Min Max Zero DemandMin and DemandMax registers e 2 Start New Interval Zero Demand DemandA DemandB Demand and DemandApp registers Start a new demand interval e 3 Reset and Start Zero DemandMin DemandMax Demand DemandA DemandB Dem
64. may mount the meter with the supplied 8 self tapping sheet metal screws using 1 8 inch pilot hole 3 2 mm Or you may use hook and loop fasteners If you use screws avoid Installation 15 over tightening which can crack the case If you don t use the supplied screws the following Sizes should work bold are preferred use washers if the screws could pull through the mounting holes Screw Style U S A UTS Sizes Pan Head or Round Head 6 8 10 M3 5 M4 M5 Truss Head 6 8 M3 5 M4 Hex Washer Head integrated washer 6 8 M3 5 M4 Hex Head add washer 6 8 10 M3 5 M4 M5 Table 2 Mounting Screws Selecting Current Transformers The rated full scale current of the CTs should normally be chosen somewhat above the maximum current of the circuit being measured see Current Crest Factor below for more details In some cases you might select CTs with a lower rated current to optimize accuracy at lower current readings Take care that the maximum allowable current for the CT can not be exceeded without tripping a circuit breaker or fuse see Current Transformers p 54 We only offer CTs that measure AC current not DC current Significant DC current can saturate the CT magnetic core reducing the AC accuracy Most loads only have AC current but some rare loads draw DC current which can cause measurement errors See our website for more informa tion http www ccontrolsys com w DC_Current_and_Half Wave_Re
65. me split core CT models have flat mating surfaces When installing this type of CT make sure that mating surfaces are clean Any debris between the mating surfaces will increase the gap decreasing accuracy Connect the CT lead wires to the meter terminals labeled A CT B CT and 6C CT Route the twisted black and white wires from the CT to the meter Strip 1 4 inch 6 mm of insulation off the ends of the CT leads and connect to the six position black screw terminal block Connect each CT lead with the white wire aligned with the white dot on the label and the black wire aligned with the black dot Note the order in which the phases are connected as the voltage phases must match the current phases for accurate power measurement Record the CT rated current as part of the installation record for each meter If the conductors being measured are passed through the CTs more than once then the recorded rated CT current is divided by the number of times that the conductor passes through the CT Circuit Protection 18 The WattNode meter is considered permanently connected equipment because it does not use a conventional power cord that can be easily unplugged Permanently connected equip ment must have overcurrent protection and be installed with a means to disconnect the equipment e A switch disconnect or circuit breaker may be used to disconnect the meter and must be as close as practical to the meter If a switch or disconnect is used
66. n RS 485 parity error was detected This should not occur because parity is not used with BACnet MS TP 121 INFO An RS 485 break condition was detected on the bus 123 INFO A power failure was detected 124 ERROR 125 ERROR SPI ISR MAX BYTES A serious error caused a software reset Maintenance and Repair The WattNode BACnet meter requires no maintenance There are no user serviceable or replace able parts except the pluggable screw terminals The WattNode meter should not normally need to be cleaned but if cleaning is desired power must be disconnected first and a dry or damp cloth or brush should be used The WattNode meter is not user serviceable In the event of any failure the meter must be returned for service contact CCS for an RMA In the case of a new installation follow the diag nostic and troubleshooting instructions before returning the meter for service to ensure that the problem is not connection related 48 Operating Instructions Specifications Models Nominal Vac Nominal Vac Phases Wires Line e Neutral Line to Line 3 4 WNC 3Y 208 BN 208 240 WNC 3Y 400 BN 400 WNC 3Y 480 BN 480 WNC 3Y 600 BN 600 WNC 3D 240 BN 208 240 WNC 3D 400 BN 400 WNC 3D 480 BN 480 Note the delta models have an optional neutral connection that may be used for measuring wye circuits In the absence of neutral voltages are measured with respect to ground Delta WattNode models use the phase A and phase B c
67. nd Demand Demand Demand Demand Interval Interval Interval Interval Interval Figure 10 Demand Measurement WattNode meters also supports rolling demand also called sliding window in which the demand intervals are evenly divided into a fixed number of subintervals At the end of each subinterval the average power over the demand interval is computed and output This results in better accuracy especially for demand peaks which would not have lined up with the demand interval without subintervals On power up the demand measurements will report zero until one full demand interval is completed From 1 to 10 subintervals are supported A subinterval count of one results in the standard demand measurement without rolling demand See Configuration and Diagnostic Objects for information on configuring the demand Any changes to the demand configuration DemPerMins DemSubints or CT configuration CtAmpsA CtAmpsB CtAmpsC InvertCtA InvertCtB InvertCtC will zero the reported demand and start a new demand measurement The DemandMin and DemandMax will not be reset by configuration changes To manually zero some or all of the demand objects see the ZeroDemand object in Configura tion and Diagnostic Objects below The demand object values are reported in units of watts Operating Instructions Power Demand Curve Power watts Demand Demand Demand Demand Demand Demand Demand Subinterval Subinterval S
68. negative it will reduce the reported PowerReacSum Apparent Power Apparent power VA can be described three ways e The RMS voltage multiplied by the RMS current e he square root of the real power squared plus the reactive power squared e The absolute value or magnitude of the complex power The WattNode meter s measurement of apparent power includes real but not reactive harmonic apparent power content Apparent power is always a positive quantity PowerAppA PowerAppB PowerAppC These are the per phase apparent power measurements PowerAppSum The PowerAppSum is the sum of apparent power for active phases Voltage Objects VoltAvgLN This is the average line to neutral voltage average of VoltA Volt and VoltC Only active phases are included phases where the voltage is above 2096 of nominal VoItA VoItB VoItC These are the RMS AC voltages for each phase measured relative to the neutral connection on the meter If neutral is not connected then they are measured relative to the ground connection 38 Operating Instructions Voltage phases that are not connected may report small random voltages but the WattNode meter treats any phase reporting less than 2096 of the nominal VAC as inactive and will not measure power or energy on inactive phases VoltAvgLL This is the average line to line voltage average of VoltAB VoItBC and VoltAC All phases are included in the average VoItAB VoItBC VoltAC The WattNo
69. ns i e photovoltaic where you wish to measure the net energy in situations where you may some times consume energy and other times generate energy These values are reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object You may also reset them to zero or load preset values by writing to these objects Operating Instructions Positive Energy EnergyPosA EnergyPosB EnergyPosC The per phase positive energy objects measure the positive real energy for each phase Negative energy is ignored instead of subtracting from the total Energy is measured once per second so the determination of whether the energy is positive is based on the overall energy for the second These values are reset to zero when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object You may also reset them to zero or load preset values by writing to these objects Negative Energy The negative energy objects are exactly like the positive energy objects except they accumulate negative energy The reported energy values will be positive In other words if the WattNode measures 1000 kWh of negative energy EnergyNegSum will report 1000 not 1000 The negative energy objects are reset to zero except for EnergySumNegNR when ACTIVE 1 is written to the ZeroEnergy object You may also reset them to zero or load preset values except for EnergySumNegNR by writing to these objects EnergyNegSum Every second the measured real energies for each active phase
70. ode before any configuration objects can be changed and before the energy or demand objects can be reset to zero Operating Instructions 41 You can read PasscodeEnabled object to determine if the meter is locked You cannot read the actual passcode itself If you lose your passcode contact support for assistance The PasscodeEnabled values are e O No Passcode e 1 Locked e 2 Unlocked Invalid unlock attempts will result in the property error value out of range 37 and prevent more attempts for five seconds An unlocked meter will become locked again after five minutes or when 1 is written twice to ConfigPasscode The passcode can be set or changed by writing the new passcode to ConfigPasscode twice within 30 seconds If a passcode is already set the meter must be unlocked first Valid passcode values are e O this disables the passcode e Any floating point value use at least six digits for a secure passcode CtAmpsA CtAmpsB CtAmpsC The CT amps objects are integer objects in units of amps used to set the rated current of the attached current transformers CTs on each phase This allows the use of different CTs on dif ferent input phases 6A 6B and 6C If you are using the same curernt transformers on all three phases be sure to set CtAmpsA CtAmpsB and CtAmpsC to the same value Rated current is the 10096 value the current that results in a 0 33333 VAC output from the CT You can order the meter from the factory wi
71. oltage Line to Line Voltage WattNode Model 208 240 Vac WNC 3D 240 BN 400 Vac WNC 3D 400 BN 480 Vac WNC 3D 480 BN Three Phase Four Wire Delta Wild Leg The uncommon four wire delta electrical service is a three phase delta service with a center tap on one of the transformer windings to create a neutral for single phase loads See http www ccontrolsys com w Four_Wire_Delta_Circuits for details Grounded Leg Service In rare cases with delta services or single phase two wire services without neutral one of the phases may be grounded You can check for this by using a multimeter DMM to measure the voltage between each phase and ground If you see a reading between O and 5 Vac that leg is probably grounded sometimes called a grounded delta Installation The WattNode meter will correctly measure services with a grounded leg but the measured volt age and power for the grounded phase will be zero and the status LED will not light for whichever phase is grounded because the voltage is near zero Also one or both of the active non grounded phases may indicate low power factor because this type of service results in unusual power factors For optimum accuracy with a grounded leg you should also connect the N neutral terminal on the meter to the ground terminal this will not cause any ground current to flow because the neutral terminal is not used to power the meter If you have a grounded leg configurat
72. onnections for power Table 9 WattNode Models Model Options Any of these models are available with the following options See the CCS website WattNode BACnet Options page for details General Options Option CT xxx Pre assign xxx as the global CtAmps value of the attached current transformers Option CT xxx yyy zzz Pre assign xxx to CtAmpsA yyy to CtAmpsB and zzz to CtAmpsC This is used if non matching CTs are connected to different phases Accuracy The following accuracy specifications do not include errors caused by the current transformer accuracy or phase angle errors Rated current is the current that generates a CT output voltage of 0 33333 Vac Condition 1 Normal Operation Line voltage 20 to 15 of nominal Power factor 1 0 Frequency 48 62 Hz Ambient Temperature 25 C CT Current 5 100 of rated current Accuracy 0 596 of reading Condition 2 Low CT Current All conditions the same as Condition 1 except CT Current 196 596 of rated current Accuracy 1 096 of reading Condition 3 Very Low CT Current All conditions the same as Condition 1 except CT Current 0 296 196 of rated current Accuracy 3 096 of reading Specifications 49 Condition 4 High CT Current All conditions the same as Condition 1 except CT Current 10096 12096 of rated current Accuracy 1 096 of reading Condition 5 Low Power Factor All conditions the same as Condi
73. ormal Operation C SE Yellow Green below 1 0sec 1 0sec 1 0sec Normal Operation During normal operation when positive power is measured Green off Green ou een off on a phase the LED for that phase will flash green Typical flash rates are shown below Percent of Full Scale Power LED Flash Rate Flashes in 10 Seconds 10096 36 5096 2596 25 1096 16 596 11 196 and lower 5 Table 6 LED Flash Rates vs Power Zero Power For each phase if line Vac is present but the measured Green power is below the minimum that the meter will measure see Creep Limit p 50 the meter will display solid green for that phase Inactive Phase If the meter detects no power and line voltage below 2096 of Off nominal it will turn off the LED for the phase 22 Installation Negative Power AE Feo zu Feo ROL If one or more of the phase LEDs are flashing red it indicates negative power flowing into the grid on those B of E Off Red Off Red phases The rate of flashing indicates magnitude of nega C BER ou BER on BEN on tive power see Table 6 above This can happen for the following reasons e This is a bidirectional power measurement application such as a photovoltaic system where negative power occurs whenever you generate more power than you consume e The current transformer CT for this phase was installed backwards on the cu
74. ot be installed properly Check for CTs touching each other or pre existing CTs CT opening too large for the conductor being measured The voltage phases green screw terminal block are not matched up with the current phases black screw terminal block The easiest way to determine this is to skip ahead to the next troubleshooting section Power Factor and Reactive Power Interference from a variable frequency or variable speed drive VFD VSD inverter or the like Generally these drives should not interfere with the WattNode meter but if they are in very close proximity or if the CT leads are long interference can occur Try moving the WattNode meter at least three feet one meter away from any VFDs Use short CT leads if possible NEVER install the meter downstream of a VFD the varying line frequency and extreme noise will cause problems Our current transformers can only measure AC currents Strong DC currents will saturate the magnetic core of the CT preventing an accurate measurement of the AC current The overwhelming majority of AC powered electric devices do not draw significant DC current so this is a rare occurrence Loads with a high current crest factor ratio of the peak current to the RMS current can cause clipping in the measurement circuitry resulting in lower than expected readings You can check for this with a handheld power quality analyzer that can measure crest factor CF or by trying a CT with a higher rated c
75. our load In this case it s generally safe to assume the crest factor will fall in the 1 4 to 2 5 range and select CTs with a rated current roughly 15096 of the expected RMS current So if you expect to be measuring currents up to 30 amps select a 50 amp CT Connecting Current Transformers Use only UL recognized current transformers CTs with built in burden resistors that generate 0 33333 Vac 333 33 millivolts AC at rated current See Current Transformers p 54 for the maximum input current ratings Do not use ratio current output CTs such as 1 amp or 5 amp output CTs they will destroy the meter and present a shock hazard These are commonly labelled with a ratio like 100 5 Find the arrow or label THIS SIDE TOWARD SOURCE on the CT and face toward the current source generally the utility meter or the circuit breaker for branch circuits If CTs are mounted backwards or with their white and black wires reversed the measured power will be negative The diagnostic LEDs indicates negative power with flashing red LEDs Be careful to match up the current transformers to the voltage phases being measured Make sure the 6A CT is measuring the line voltage connected to 6A and the same for phases B and C Use the supplied colored labels or tape to identify the wires To prevent magnetic interference the CTs on different phases should be separated by 1 inch 25 mm The line voltage conductors for each phase should be separated by at least
76. pening CTs or making voltage connections 3 Mount the CTs around the line voltage conductors being measured Take care to orient the CTs facing the source of power 4 Connect the twisted white and black wires from the CT to the six position black terminal block on the meter matching the wire colors to the white and black dots on the front label 5 Connect the voltage wires including ground and neutral if present to the green terminal block and check that the current CT phases match the voltage measurement phases 6 Setthe BACnet network address and baud rate with the DIP switches 7 Apply power to the meter 8 Verify that the LEDs light correctly and don t indicate an error condition Installation LED Diagnostics The WattNode meter includes multi color power diagnostic LEDs for each phase to help verify correct operation and diagnose incorrect wiring The LEDs are marked Status on the label The following diagrams and descriptions explain the various LED patterns and their meanings The A B and C on the left side indicate the phase of the LEDs Values like 1 0sec and 3 0sec indi cate the time the LEDs are lit in seconds In the diagrams sometimes the colors are abbreviated R red G or Grn green Y yellow Normal Startup On initial power up the LEDs will all light up in a red A ELTNM aen ger yellow green sequence After this startup sequence the B ENTE veev Gee LEDs will show the status such as N
77. response to the master and by saving an error code to the ErrorStatus registers BACnet Idle Whenever the BACnet network is idle the Com LED will stay off Received Packet Sending Response Green on Every time the meter receives a properly formatted packet it will light the LED 0 2s green for 200 milliseconds Other BACnet Activity Yellow Off If the WattNode meter sees packets on the bus addressed to other devices it will 0 2s light the LED yellow for 200 milliseconds or longer if the packet duration is longer than 200 milliseconds BACnet Address Conflict or Bus Contention R EA r EA DIr Nr Of The meter displays this indication in these cases 1 0sec 1 0sec e t sees unexpected data on the RS 485 bus when it is preparing to respond to a command This generally is due to another WattNode meter with the same address responding first although it could also be extra bytes from the BACnet master or another device e t starts transmitting a response but doesn t see the data it is transmitting on the RS 485 bus This can happen if two devices have the same address and start transmitting at nearly the same time It can also be caused by a short circuit on the bus or extreme interference e Your RS 485 adapter is configured for full duplex four wire operation instead of half duplex e Your RS 485 adapter is continuing to drive the transmit lines after sending a packet this can happen with older RS 232 to RS 485 adapter
78. rrent carrying wire or the white and black wires for the CT were reversed at the meter This can be solved by flipping the CT on the wire or swapping the white and black wires at the meter Alterna tively you can use the configuration objects InvertCtA InvertCtB and InvertCtC to reverse the polarity of one or more of the CTs e The CT wires are connected to the wrong inputs such as if the CT wires for phases B and C are swapped or the CT wires are rotated one phase Note if all three LEDs are flashing red and they always turn on and off together like the diagram for Low Line Voltage below then the meter is experiencing an error or low line voltage not nega tive power Erratic Flashing Off Off Off If the LEDs are flashing slowly and erratically sometimes a E green sometimes red this generally indicates one of the B GEJ o en Bee following C Red mE o e Earth ground is not connected to the meter the top connection on the green screw terminal e Voltage is connected for a phase but the current transformer is not connected or the CT has a loose connection e In some cases particularly for a circuit with no load this may be due to electrical noise This is not harmful and can generally be disregarded provided that you are not seeing substantial measured power when there shouldn t be any Try turning on the load to see if the erratic flashing stops To fix this try the following
79. s Quick Start To start communicating with a WattNode BACnet meter using a PC or host device you ll need to complete the following steps e Set the BACnet address and baud rate using the DIP switches see Setting the BACnet Address p 19 e If you are using a PC o Find and install BACnet software for your PC For a list of some programs see http www ccontrolsys com w BACnet Software o Find and install an EIA RS 485 interface for your PC The RS 485 USB interfaces are generally the best choice because they are USB powered don t require a serial port on your PC and automatically handle switching bus directions for the half duplex bus e Configure the BACnet software or host baud rate COM port BACnet MS TP N81 parity no parity eight data bits one stop bit and the WattNode meter s BACnet address Now you should be able to send messages to the WattNode meter and receive responses A good starting point is to try to self discover the meter and the objects If this works try reading the frequency object You should see the AC line frequency generally 50 or 60 Hz If you don t get a good response check the section BACnet Communication Diagnostics p 28 WattNode Basic Configuration e Set the CtAmpsA CtAmpsB and CtAmpsC objects to the correct rated CT amps of your current transformers For example if you are using 100 A CTs write 100 to all three objects e f you are planning on using demand measurements and you don
80. s measuring zero power and will be 0 0 for any inactive phases line voltage below 2096 of nominal VAC The WattNode meter measures the displacement or fundamental power factor which does not include harmonics PowerFactorA PowerFactorB PowerFactorC These are the power factor values for each phase PowerFactorAvg This is the average power factor computed as PowerSum ApparentPowerSum Demand Demand is defined as the average power over a specified time interval Typical demand intervals are 5 10 15 default 30 60 etc up to 720 minutes but the WattNode meter supports arbitrary demand intervals from 1 to 720 minutes 12 hours The meter records the peak demand for metering applications where the measurements may only be accessed weekly or monthly Operating Instructions 39 Since the WattNode meter can measure bidirectional power positive and negative and the demand is the average power over an interval demand can also be positive or negative This is only likely to occur with something like a grid tied PV system where you may put energy back into the grid at certain times of the day negative power In this case you would see negative demand If you have both positive and negative power during a demand interval both the positive and the negative data will be averaged together such that the negative power subtracts from the positive reducing the overall demand Demand Power EE Power watts Dema
81. s that require an RTS signal to transmit If you see this indication make sure there are not two meters with the same BACnet address You may want to disconnect all but one meter to see if the problem goes away Invalid BACnet Packet EEGEN ou The meter will light the Com LED red for one second for any of 1 0sec the following errors the ErrorStatus registers will also be set but depending on the problem you may not be able to read register values e CRC error this could indicate noise on the RS 485 bus Installation 27 e Framing error this normally indicates a bad baud rate or noise on the RS 485 bus This can happen if you have the A and B wires swapped and your network isn t properly biased Properly biased networks will transparently auto detect that A and B wires are swapped and correct Note some RS 485 PC interfaces label A and B the opposite of the WattNode meter or just use and indications e Buffer overrun error the packet was longer than 512 bytes e Parsing error the packet could not be correctly parsed as a BACnet packet nm Invalid Request Green or If the WattNode BACnet meter receives a valid packet but with an invalid 0 2s request see below then the meter will respond with a BACnet error code and store an error in the ErrorStatus objects Because the packet was valid Com LED will flash green for 200 milliseconds 28 Installation Operating Instruction
82. t connection to the fixed installation The line voltage measurement terminals on the meter are rated for the following CAT III volt ages these ratings also appear on the front label Mode CAT III Voltage Rating WNC 3Y 208 BN 240 Vac WNC 3D 240 BN WNOC 3Y 400 BN 400 Vac WNC 3D 400 BN WNC 3Y 480 BN 480 Vac WNC 3D 480 BN WNC 3Y 600 BN 600 Vac Table 11 WattNode CAT III Ratings Current Transformer Inputs Nominal Input Voltage At CT Rated Current 0 33333 Vac RMS Absolute Maximum Input Voltage 5 0 Vac RMS Input Impedance at 50 60 Hz 23 kQ Certifications Safety UL 61010 1 CAN CSA C22 2 No 61010 1 04 IEC 61010 1 Immunity EN 61326 2002 Industrial Locations Electrostatic Discharge EN 61000 4 2 4 KV contact 8 kV air B Self Recovering Radiated RF Immunity EN 61000 4 3 10 V m A No Degradation Electrical Fast Transient Burst EN 61000 4 4 2 kV B Self Recovering Surge Immunity EN 61000 4 5 1 kV I O 4 kV AC B Self Recovering Conducted RF Immunity EN 61000 4 6 3 V A No Degradation Voltage Dips Interrupts EN 61000 4 11 B Self Recovering Emissions FCC Part 15 Class B EN 55022 1994 Class B Environmental Operating Temperature 30 C to 55 C 22 F to 131 F Altitude Up to 2000 m 6560 ft Operating Humidity non condensing 5 to 9096 relative humidity RH up to 40 C decreasing linearly to 5096 RH at 55 C Pollution POLLUTION DEGREE 2 Normally only non conductiv
83. tes the rated mains frequencies for the meter W Maximum rated volt amps This is the maximum apparent power consumption volt amps for this model X Manufacture date This is the date of manufacture for this WattNode meter Y Caution risk of electrical shock This symbol indicates that there is a risk of electric shock when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly Z Attention consult Manual This symbol indicates that there can be danger when installing and operating the meter if the installation instructions are not followed correctly Overview 7 Symbols Attention Read understand and follow all instructions in this Installa Consult Installation tion and Operation Manual including all warnings cautions and Operation Manual and precautions before installing and using the product Caution Risk of Electrical Potential Shock Hazard from Dangerous High Voltage Shock Complies with the regulations of the European Union for Product Safety and Electro Magnetic Compatibility CE Marking e Low Voltage Directive EN 61010 1 2001 e EMC Directive EN 61327 1997 A1 1998 A2 2001 Overview Installation Precautions DANGER HAZARDOUS VOLTAGES WARNING These installation servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel only To avoid electrical shock do not perform any servicing other than that contained in the operating instru
84. th the CtAmps preconfigured using Option CT xxx or Option CT xxx yyy zzz if there are different CTs on phases A B and C For example Option CT 100 100 50 sets CtAmpsA 100 CtAmpsB 100 and CtAmpsC 50 InvertCtA InvertCtB InvertCtC On occasion current transformers are installed with the Source side facing the load instead of the source or with the white and black wires swapped at the meter If the electrical installer notices this they can fix it but sometimes the problem isn t noticed until the electrician is gone and some or all of the reported power values are unexpectedly negative You can correct this with the InvertCtA InvertCtB InvertCtC objects Setting any of them to ACTIVE 1 will invert the effective polarity for that CT This has the same effect as reversing the CT on the conductor being measured or swapping the white and black wires Flipping a CT with InvertCtA InvertCtB or InvertCtC will also reverse the status LED indica tions So if the status LED for phase A was flashing red and you flip the CT with InvertCtA the LED will change to green flashing This cannot be used to correct for situations where CT phases do not match the voltage phases such as swapping phases A and B on the current transformer inputs Wink Writing ACTIVE 1 to the Wink object instructs the meter to display a repeating red yellow green flashing pattern on the LEDs This can be useful if you are trying to identify a particular W
85. ting the BACnet Address p 19 M N O Current transformer CT inputs These indicate CT screw terminals Note the white and black circles at the left edge of the label these indicate the color of the CT wire that should be inserted into the corresponding screw terminal The terminals marked with black circles are connected together internally P Auxiliary output terminal This screw terminal is used for the X terminal options Q BACnet common terminal This is the common or ground terminal for BACnet EIA RS 485 communication wiring It is also the common for the X terminal options if they are installed R BACnet signal terminals These are the RS 485 A and B signals half duplex two wire There are several names for these terminals o Inverting pin A A TxD RxD DO and on rare devices B o Non inverting pin B B TxD RxD D1 and on rare devices A S Communication status This LED indicates communication status See BACnet Communi cation Diagnostics p 28 for details T Serial number This shows meter serial number and options if any are selected The barcode contains the serial number in Code 128C format U Mains supply rated voltage This is the rated supply voltage for this model The V indicates AC voltage For wye models this voltage should appear between the N and 6A terminals For delta models this voltage should appear between the A and 6B terminals V Mains frequencies This indica
86. tion 1 except Power factor 0 5 60 degree phase shift between current and voltage Additional Error 0 596 of reading Condition 6 Temperature Variation All conditions the same as Condition 1 except Ambient Temperature 30 C to 55 C Additional Error 0 75 of reading Measurement Creep Limit 0 067 1 1500th of full scale Whenever the power or reactive power for a phase drops below the creep limit the power or reactive power for the phase will be forced to zero Also if the line voltage for a phase drops below 2096 of nominal Vac the output power for the phase will be set to zero These limits prevent spurious readings due to measurement noise To customize the creep limit see CreepLimit in Configuration and Diagnostic Objects Update Rate 1 0 second Internally all measurements are performed at this rate Start Up Time Approximately 1 0 second The meter starts measuring 50 100 milliseconds after AC power is applied but requires a full 1 0 second measurement cycle before it starts report ing data The WattNode meter does not respond to BACnet packets during this start up time Default Current Transformer Phase Angle Correction 0 0 degrees The CT phase angle cor rection can be changed using the PhaseAdjustA PhaseAdjustB PhaseAdjustC registers Over Voltage Limit 125 of nominal Vac If the line voltage for one or more phases exceeds this limit the status LEDs for these phases will flash alternating red gr
87. ts allow the phase angle to be adjusted on each phase by up to 8 degrees in increments of one millidegree For example if your CT causes a phase lead of 0 6 degrees or 36 minutes you could correct for this by setting PhaseAdjustA B and C to 600 which subtracts 600 millidegree or 0 6 degree from the phase lead Use negative values to compensate for a phase lead in the CT most common The default adjustment is O Operating Instructions 43 CreepLimit Creep refers to the situation where the wheel on an traditional electro mechanical energy meter moves even though there is no power being consumed The WattNode meter has no wheel but all electrical systems have some noise which can cause small readings in the absence of any power consumption To prevent readings due to noise if the readings fall below the creep limit the meter forces the real and reactive power values to zero and stops accumulating energy This is performed independently for each measurement phase using the following equation MinimumPower FullScalePower CreepLimit Any measured power or reactive power below MinimumPower is forced to zero FullScalePower is defined as the nominal line to neutral VAC see Specifications Models p 49 multiplied by the full scale or rated CT current Generally the default value of 1500 which sets the creep limit to 1 1500th of full scale power works well Sometime in electrically noisy environments you may see non zero pow
88. ubinterval Subinterval Subinterval Subinterval Subinterval Demand Demand e 0 pe E Interval Interval Demand Demand Interval Interval Demand interval Interval Figure 11 Rolling Demand with Three Subintervals DemandSum The DemandSum object is updated at the end of every subinterval with the average PowerSum over a full demand interval After a power cycle or configuration change DemandSum will report zero until the completion of one full demand interval DemandA DemandB DemandC The real power demand is computed for each phase from PowerA PowerB and PowerC DemandMin The DemandMin is the smallest measured DemandSum this may be negative for systems with power generation It is preserved across power failures and can be reset with the ZeroDemand object Note there are no minimum or maximum demand objects for DemandA DemanaB and Demand DemandMax The DemandMax is the largest measured DemandSum It is preserved across power failures and can be reset with the ZeroDemand object DemandApp DemandApp is computed the same way as DemandSum but using the apparent power sum Configuration and Diagnostic Objects ConfigPasscode The WattNode BACnet meter has an optional configuration passcode to prevent unauthorized changes to the configuration As shipped from the factory the ConfigPasscode is set to O disabling the passcode If a passcode is set the meter must be unlocked by writing the correct value to ConfigPassc
89. umber of demand intervals default 1 The time period of each subinterval is the demand interval divided by the number of subintervals Setting DemSubints to 1 disables subinterval computations The demand period cannot be longer than 12 hours 720 minutes and a demand subinterval cannot be less than 1 minutes The DemSubints can be set from 1 to 10 An example configuration could use a demand period of 60 minutes with 4 subintervals This would result in a subinterval period of fifteen minutes Every fifteen minutes the average power over the last hour would be computed and reported GainAdjustA GainAdjustB GainAdjustC You may need to adjust the WattNode meter to match the results from a reference meter Such as the utility meter or to correct for known current transformer errors The GainAdjust objects effectively adjust the power energy and current calibration or registration for each phase The default values for the GainAdjust objects are 10 000 resulting in no adjustment Setting the value to 10 200 increases all the power energy and current readings from the meter by 2 10 200 10 000 102 Setting the value to 9 800 decreases the readings by 2 9 800 10 000 98 The allowed range is from 5 000 to 20 000 5096 to 200 PhaseAdjustA PhaseAdjustB PhaseAdjustC For maximum accuracy there may be cases where you wish to compensate for the phase angle error of the current transformers you are using The PhaseAdjust objec
90. urrent which should allow the meter to measure the peak current accurately The CTs may be malfunctioning If possible use a current clamp to verify the current then use a DMM multimeter to measure the AC voltage between the white and black wires from the CT leave them connected to the meter during this test At rated current the CT output voltage should equal 0 333 Vac 333 millivolts AC At lower currents the voltage should scale linearly so at 2096 of rated current the output voltage should be 0 20 0 333 0 0666 Vac 66 6 millivolts AC If possible verify the expected power with a handheld power meter Current clamps can be useful to very roughly estimate the power but since they measure current not power the estimated power voltage times current may be off by 5096 or more Power Factor and Reactive Power The measured power factor and reactive power are very useful in determining if there is a phasing mismatch between the voltage and current measurement phases on the meter For example if the phase A CT is around the phase B wire However this troubleshooting is complicated because different loads have different typical power factors and the power factor can vary significantly for some devices like motors as a function of the mechanical load on the motor Here are some general guidelines Motors idling or with a light load power factor from O 1 to O 6 positive reactive power Motors normal or heavy load power
91. ut B Functional ground This terminal should be connected to earth ground if possible It is not required for safety grounding but ensures maximum meter accuracy 6 Overview C Neutral This terminal N should be connected to neutral when available D E F Line voltage inputs These terminals connect to the 6A phase A 6B phase B and C phase C electric mains On wye models the meter is powered from the 6A and N termi nals On delta models the meter is powered from the 6A and 6B terminals G Line voltage measurement ratings This block lists the nominal line to neutral N 120V voltage line to line 6 6 240V voltage and the rated measurement voltage and category 240V CAT III for this WattNode model See the Specifications p 49 for more informa tion about the measurement voltage and category H UL Listing mark This shows the UL and cUL Canadian listing mark and number 3KNN I FCC Mark This logo indicates that the meter complies with part 15 of the FCC rules J Status LEDs These are status LEDs used to verify and diagnose meter operation See Instal lation LED Diagnostics p 22 for details K Current transformer CT voltage rating These markings 0 333V indicate that the meter must be used with CTs that generate a full scale output of 0 333 Vac 333 millivolts L DIP switch This DIP switch block is used to set the BACnet MAC network address and baud rate See Set
92. y The WattNode meter is powered from the voltage inputs 6A phase A to N neutral for wye 3Y models or A to 6B for delta 3D models If the meter is not receiving at least 80 of the nominal line voltage it may stop operating Since the meter consumes a small amount of power itself typically 1 3 watts you may wish to power the meter from a separate circuit or place the current transformers downstream of the meter so its power consumption is not measured For best accuracy always connect the N neutral terminal on the meter If you are using a delta meter and the circuit has no neutral then jumper the earth ground to the N neutral terminal When power is first applied to the meter check that the LEDs behave normally see Installa tion LED Diagnostics p 22 below if you see the LEDs flashing red green red green then disconnect the power immediately This indicates the line voltage is too high for this model A G R R R R R BE R R R R R Ci R R R R R 1 0sec Figure 9 WattNode LED Overvoltage Warning Setting the BACnet Address Every device on a BACnet network must have a unique address and the correct baud rate The WattNode BACnet meter sets the address and baud rate with an eight position DIP switch The WattNode meter supports BACnet addresses from O to 63 using the DIP switch As shipped from the factory the meter will be configured with an address of 0 Set the BACnet address by switching D

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