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User`s Manual for SHAPE - Light Reflector Design Software

1. Reset my usage data Tab Description Commands Contains a complete list of commands and description of actions performed by them allows to add buttonsto the application menu and context menu Toolbars Allows to edit create delete toolbars Keyboard Allows to create the shortcut keys for the commands Menu Allows to edit the application menu and context menu Options Has all the remaining customization options 76 User Interface Status Bar The status bar located at the bottom of the Main window displays hints and progress indicator of the calculation time CAP NUM SCRL 71 Report Report The result of calculating the problem can be performed in the form of a report The report can be printed or saved to a RTF file You can configure the properties of the report in the Report tab in the Options dialog box which can be opened from the Project menu The report is divided into sections which present a tree list To add a section to the report you need to check an item in the tree Options xa 4 Graphics Report b Report Settings v Reflector Synthesis M Title Page Input Data M Problem Configuration V Optical Scheme v Light Source Main Properties LID Table LID Plot v Reflector Main Properties v Illuminated Area m K S SI K Wv Main Properties v Light Distribution Table v Light Distr
2. View Bp Description Specify the viewport configuration Viewports display the initial and calculated data of the active problem in the graphical form Each viewport can display one of the view Optical Scheme Luminous Intensity Distribution of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Rav Tracina Function lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Viewport configuration Running calculation If you need to change anything in the calculation parameters you can always return to the previous window by pressing the button Previous To start the calculation click the button Finish The calculation results are displayed in the main window of the program where you can see the output data in tabular or graphical representation create new problems edit input data and run the calculation again Save your project file frequently 27 Quick Tour Problem Wizard A Example Reflector Simulation shp Shape Ee File Edit View Projet Help LU lt 3 iW e Reflector Simulation Iz laol Problems 16 ie Shape amp Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area 2 Viewports 5 Optical Scheme E UID of Source E Luminous Intensity 5 Ray Tracing Funct acing Function Luminous Intensity Distribution Properties q Name Reflector Simul Type of Pro Reflector Simul Symmety Cylindrical Last Calcula 20 35 06 07 2013 Ca
3. Illuminated Area Simulation Common Properties Name Description Direct Light Interpolation Accounting for calculating the direct light from the light source On Off Type of the interpolation of the luminous intensity distribution curve Linear Spline LID Data Name Description Compute LID Calculation of the luminous intensity distribution of the optical system Start Angle deg Final Angle deg Number of Points On Off Start angle of the illuminated area Final angle of the illuminated area The number of calculation points on the light distribution curve 56 User Interface ID Data Name Description Compute ID Calculation of illuminance distribution On Off Start Coordinate m Final Coordinate m Height m Number of Points Start boundary of the working plane Final boundary of the working plane The height of the light source above the working plane The number of calculation points on the light distribution curve Output data Name Description LID luminous Table of calculated data of the resulting luminous intensity distribution intensity of the light system matrix N x2 distribution ID illuminance Table of calculated data of the resulting illuminance distribution on the distribution working plane matrix N x 2 Illuminated Area Synthesis Common Properties Name Description Direct Light Accounting for calculating the
4. Change initial radius or the start angle of the reflector or the distance to the working plane Error 19 Arguments of the profile curve are not in ascending order This message relates to the reflector simulation problem Arguments of the profile curve should be in the strictly ascending order Recommendations Check the arguments of the profile curve Error 20 Wrong type of interpolation in Cartesian setting of the reflector s profile This message relates to the reflector simulation problem If the reflector s profile is presented in the Cartesian form is only allowed the spline interpolation of curve Recommendations Set the type of profile curve interpolation to the Spline value Error 21 The edges of the axially symmetrical reflector are below the working plane This message relates to the case of illuminance calculation and rotational symmetry The reflector should be located above the working plane Recommendations 83 Messages Change coordinates of start reflector point or the distance up to the working plane Error 25 Cannot calculate the ray tracing function This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem It means that the program cannot find dependence between incident and reflected rays due to the fact that the condition of flux balance is not fulfilled Recommendations Increase the reflectance value or the distance up to the working plane Error 26 Unable to perform the reflector synthesis
5. Properties Select an element corresponding to this viewport in the problem tree and show it s settings in the Properties window Control Commands M anaging initial data of the optical system can be done directly from the viewport Parameters Such as start and final angles of the reflector initial radius and angles of reflected rays at start and final points of the reflector are presented by a segment with a capture point by which the parameter s value can be edited Distance up to the working plane if the illuminance distribution is calculated can be changed by movingthe line of the plane itself In an active window move the cursor to the capture point a tool tip appears that displays current value of the parameter By clicking the left mouse button and moving the point you can change the parameter value Moreover the new value is dynamically changed in the Properties window and in other views which reflect this option Changing the height of the light center can be done by capturing in any place the segment of the working plane and moving it up or down 4k Example Reflector Simulation shp Shape Seo File Edit View Project Help Reflector Synthesis LI Optical Scheme Out of Date 200 300 Xmm Ready Fig Controls in the Optical Scheme viewport When dynamically changing the angles do not forget about the agreement of signs counting positive directions of angles are counted
6. The reflector s profile wraps This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem It means that during the synthesis process the reflector s profile starts wrapping and incident rays intersect the outer surface Recommendations Change initial parameters of the optical system Error 27 Cannot provide a solution in the critical zone This message relates to the problem of cylindrical reflector synthesis with a point light source It means that during the calculation process a critical area of illumination appeared where the light value from the source exceeds the value of the prescribed light distribution Recommendations Exclude the direct light from the source Change boundaries of the illuminated area in order to reduce the influence of direct light Change the desired shape of the light distribution Error 28 Cannot fulfill a flux balance for the specified final angle of the reflector This message relates to the synthesis problem of cylindrical reflector with a point light source It means that the program cannot find the scale coefficient for the prescribed light distribution curve and thereby provide the specified value of the final reflector angle Recommendations Change the final angle of the reflector or try changing the distance up to the working plane Error 29 Reflector intersects the working plane The reflector dimensions are too large 84 Messages This message relates to the reflector synthesis p
7. start angular boundary of the illuminated area Angle of reflection at the final reflector point final angular boundary of the illuminated area Start coordinate of the working plane Final coordinate of the working plane It should be taken into account when solving the synthesis problem with given illuminance distribution that rays reflected from the edges of the reflector are strictly directed to the 68 User Interface boundaries of the illuminated area And hence when you modify certain parameters it leads to a change of reflected angles Parameter Depends on Reflected angle at the start e Reflector initial radius reflector point e Start reflector angle e Distance to the working plane e Start coordinate of the working plane Reflected angle at the final e Final reflector angle reflector point e Distance to the working plane e Final coordinate of the working plane If you modify the reflected angles directly then boundaries of the working plane are changed Important The following limitations take place when setting parameters in the synthesis problem e the angle between the incident ray to a point of the reflector and the reflected ray can not exceed 180 deg e angular or linear boundaries of the illuminated area can not go beyond the domain of the given light distribution curve The Output Window This window is used for displaying messages in the calculation process i
8. 87 58152 29 4 83 31 82 54466 34 2 78 8 78 49647 39 74 8 74 68207 43 8 71 25 71 09703 48 6 68 12 68 49893 53 4 65 35 65 62249 58 2 62 91 63 43586 63 60 77 62 01478 67 8 58 89 59 74614 72 6 57 26 56 36172 77 4 55 86 54 22973 82 2 54 66 55 29135 87 53 66 52 37505 91 8 52 83 52 87673 96 6 52 18 52 20484 39 101 4 51 69 53 24902 106 2 51 36 51 31155 111 51 18 50 82487 115 8 51 15 51 31507 120 6 51 27 51 44206 125 4 51 55 51 59903 130 2 51 97 51 54399 135 52 55 51 69418 139 8 53 3 53 52155 144 6 54 22 53 27999 149 4 55 31 54 58747 154 2 56 6 57 53185 159 58 1 57 80677 163 8 59 83 59 73177 168 6 61 8 62 42988 173 4 64 04 63 82992 178 2 66 59 67 31056 183 69 47 69 22845 187 8 12 14 73 44896 192 6 76 43 76 87053 197 4 80 62 80 47089 202 2 85 37 84 76401 207 90 75 90 01982 211 8 96 87 96 68095 216 6 103 81 103 5033 2214 111 72 111 4339 226 2 120 71 121 3985 231 130 95 130 7416 235 8 142 58 143 3806 240 6 155 65 155 2779 245 4 170 08 170 7608 250 2 185 12 184 7544 255 199 05 199 1736 Optimization 40 Optimization Reflector By Illuminated Area Fy viewports E Optical Scheme UID of Source E illuminance Distribution lIl mjnance Distribution gx Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Cylindrical Last Calculation 23 07 24 06 201
9. Copy to the Clipboard the array data of illuminance distribution on working plane Paste ID Paste from the Clipboard the array data of illuminance distribution on working plane Copy Copy to the Clipboard all the properties of the illuminated area Paste Paste from the Clipboard all the properties of the illuminated area 53 User Interface Properties Show options of the illuminated area in the Properties window Viewports Copy Cope to the Clipboard the viewports properties Paste Paste from the Clipboard the viewports properties Properties Show the viewports parameters in the Properties window Views View Set the displayed view in the current viewport Optical Scheme LID of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution puce Illuminance Distribution Ray Tracing Function amp dhame uminance Distribution Ray Tracing Function Compare Compare the parameters of several problems data of eee Ghee Problems different problems can be displayed in the e Luminous corresponding viewport IDEST Copy Copy to the Clipboard the view properties Distribution Paste Paste from the Clipboard the view properties e lluminance Distribution Properties Show the view parameters in the Properties window e Ray Tracing Function The Properties Window This window displays the properties of the corresponding element selected in the Problem window Data in Properties window may be shown in the form of textual fields drop down lists or addi
10. E Optical Scheme LID of Source E illuminance Distribution luminance Distribution Gx uD Interpolation Linear Number 5 ZDisplace 5 600000 ZDisplace 5 600000 ZDisplace 11 200000 ZDisplace 16 800000 Calculating Reflector Simulation 23 10 40 26 06 2013 Completed successfully M gt bt NMessages ZDisplace 22 400000 Ready Fig The light distribution calculated from the optical system with a LED board and the ray tracing from each light source Uniformity coefficient for this system is 0 17 Such a system cannot be used because of its low efficiency Conclusion For optical systems with multiple light sources it is necessary to take into account relative spatial distribution of sources to assess the impact on the final light distribution 49 User Interface User Interface This chapter describes the basic ways of presenting information and the operations performed in the program SHAPE Window interface consists of 4 main areas 1 The Problem window is a tree of problems 2 The Properties window contains textual initial and calculated data of the selected problems and allows managing graphical output of these data 3 Viewports display data in graphical form 4 The Output window contains textual message on the calculation status Problem Properties and Output windows can be connected to the boundaries of the Main window or can be left in a floating mode in
11. Intensity Distribution Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Rotational Last Calculation 21 17 24 06 2013 Calculating Reflector Simulation 21 17 16 24 06 2013 Completed successfully 4 gt dL Messages Ready Fig Interface of the program when solving reflector simulation problem Reflector synthesis The main steps in the synthesis of the reflector are the following Select the type of problem Reflector synthesis Select the type of the optical system symmetry The system may have cylindrical or rotational symmetry Select the illuminated area For the near field area the profile calculation based on the illuminance distribution at plane is done In the far field area the profile is calculated based on the system luminous intensity distribution Set the properties of the light source The light source is characterized by the shape point or line The source is located in the 6 Designing Reflector in SHAPE coordinates origin Luminous intensity distribution of the light source can be imported from an IES file or as an array of points The calculation can be performed for a single source only available in Premium edition The light source is characterized by the shape object of finite size and the luminance value The calculation can be performed for a single source only Set the properties of the reflector The reflector is characterized by reflectan
12. at all In order that output data match inputted you need to start a new calculation 50 User Interface The status bar displays the progress indicator of the calculation time The Problem Window The main purpose and advantage of this window is the ability upon designing to create different versions of solving problem and comparing the obtained results to find the optimal solution The Problem window displays a tree of the current project with problems A branch of each problem consists of 3 sections describing the optical system e Light Source e Reflector e Illuminated Area Additionally each problem has a section Viewports It can help you to specify how many windows will be presented in the viewports area and what information will be displayed in each one You can specify from 1 to 4 windows For each window one of the options can be set e Optical scheme general view which includes a reflector light source ray tracing and working plane e Luminous intensity distribution of the light source e Luminous intensity distribution of the entire system e llluminance distribution on the working plane e Curve of the ray tracing When you select any element in the project tree the corresponding parameters are shown in the Properties window 51 Problems n EE M Shape 5 9 Reflector Simulation amp Light Source Reflector Illuminated Area Be B Viewports E Optical Scheme UD of Source Luminous Int
13. cett nce soa e e dude cuu e usi Pt 37 DefocusindtheLigh59lft 6 EN ae cnr RUE bate pedet cr ruin nde LL e end M zd 41 Optimization of the M ulti lamp Device eeeeeeenennennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnns 45 UU SEE NCSI ACC Pr 50 SCALE GG A CUA LON s sven aaa eiia EA EEA avenue en Eai ANTAA NAER 50 TheProblem Wind OW cn edes capere i eae ictal acta ea eee tus Meo ores 51 The Properties Window uxscxoscocseteetvxctecet ecat esp tec perd anaa aiai aai aiaia 54 VIDWDOTUS racan teat setae sired ense tu Sen rece enam a res Seba eave menti COSE Pear 61 The OUEDHE WIBOOW soos snap eo on Eo EE Eh VM ni bb Def Iq en qd 69 M enu and TOOIDSIS5 5 oxi Re to pedi bles od agg pe misit ee aes SEE SUE 69 Options Dialog BOGodd epa a merce tpfe cete e tenth ta Ree Od evum tne epos ve Ups Cu e EHE 75 Customize Dialog BON se 5 bod ot tuoi tese oto Dau duct funde e Ct osi bun 75 SEatUS Bel es iceisceleas chili uet RR ove b Seal roD Lc ehe tei ete ds ae Taras 77 REPOT oori ts arki oE eR acta edendi quee daft atenta adeste agree eodeni iot Us 78 ucc n Y YY 81 ELV ORM GSSdQes wis ss aeui char Ee qb DA cuss RR vA ta AN ud NL MUR LR ux ME ON cu cue 81 Warning MesSa065 3 ei cron eect aiden ed eee Rd edd Clo re e E are ftd 86 Internal Error M 6558065 neo sig eo pratense het eo UE pFERERE o Fre Tete osea ideo Puedo 87 Introduction Introduction Purpose of SHAPE SHAPE is equipped with all
14. contains the following items Name Description Help Display help on how to use the program Activation Activate the program About Shape Display information about the program version and copyright Reference to the SHAPE web site 74 User Interface Options Dialog Box The Options Dialog box allows you to set parameters of the graphical windows such as colors and fonts Also report settings can be specified in this dialog The Graphics tab allows you to customize colors of all interface elements for each viewport Change color of background title legend annotations grid rays curves lines graphical interactive controls and so on Additionally you can specify fonts for all textual elements Options mx 4 Graphics Report b Light Source NB 000000 s Reflector E Illuminated Area Color L OOffff E Color L c8c8c8 Font Arial 12 Color L c8c8c8 Font Arial 9 Color F c amp c amp ce Color Specifies the background color OK Cancel App Default The Report tab is described in the section Report Customize Dialog Box The Customize dialog box allows you to create custom toolbars and menus add and remove items from existing toolbars and menus and change the appearance of the toolbars displayed You can access this dialog box by selecting Customize on the View menu There are several tabs in the Customize dialog box 15 User Interface
15. direct light from the light source On Off Type of the Light Type of the light distribution LID ID distribution Light Distribution Tabular data of light distribution curve matrix N x 2 Interpolation Type of interpolation of the light distribution curve Linear Spline Common Properties for calculation of luminous intensity distribution Name Description Start Angle deg Final Angle deg Start angle of the illuminated area Final angle of the illuminated area Common Properties for calculation of illuminance distribution Name Description Start Coordinate m Final Coordinate m Start boundary of the working plane Final boundary of the working plane 57 Height m User Interface The height of the light center above the working plane Verifying Properties Name Description Verifying calculation Verification Nodes Number of Verification Points Verification Curve Calculate the light distribution from the synthesized reflector On Off When this option is enabled the light distribution obtained as a result of the calculated profile simulation appears in the view port with a specified light distribution Way to specify the number of verification points As Light Distribution M anual The first option specifies the same number as in prescribed light distribution curve The second one specifies the manual number The number of calculation po
16. from negative half axis OZ counterclockwise For the 63 User Interface rotational symmetry the initial and final angles of the reflector are set only in one half plane no matter the left or the right If you move one of the angles in the opposite half plane the second boundary angle is automatically moved into the same half plane This restriction also applies to the vectors defining the boundaries of the illuminated area the starting and final coordinates of the working plane or boundary reflected angles In the synthesis problem the start angle and the initial radius of reflector are changed simultaneously Also angles of reflected rays at the start and final points of reflector are defined by boundary angles of the luminous intensity distribution of the optical system or by coordinates of the working plane Therefore it is possible that some parameters angle or coordinate cannot be changed because of restriction imposed on other parameters First you need to change the value of the limiting parameter The following section Viewports Relationship Variables shows a summary table of parameters relationship displayed in different viewports Viewport LID of Source Context M enu Item Description View Set a specific view for this viewport You can choose one of the options e Optical Scheme e LIDof Source e Luminous Intensity Distribution e llluminance Distribution e Ray Tracing Function Compare Problems Com
17. of the tools you need to design optical systems of lighting devices It comes with an intuitive comprehensive interface accessible even to untrained professionals SHAPE has a set of templates for calculating mirror reflectors of lighting fixtures for various areas of application You can create your own design with set parameters for reflectors light sources and illuminated areas Calculations are made for mirror reflectors having rotational or cylindrical symmetry SHAPE supports calculation both for point line light sources as well as for sources of finite size disc cylinder sphere ellipsoid parallelepiped toroid The user friendly graphical interface for setting and displaying input data and calculation results allows you to track changes made to the project and to assess their impact on the calculated characteristics of the optical system Design Goal Design of reflectors is associated with optimization of sets for light optical parameters of the System These are characteristics of the light source the reflector s geometry and its properties and of course the requirements for light distribution in the area to be illuminated Simulation of the light optical system reflector simulation can be defined by choosing a suitable light source for the existing reflector s profile so that the lighting standards are performed average illuminance non uniformity of illuminance or the luminous intensity distribution of lighting fixtu
18. planes Fit View Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the window Properties Select an element corresponding to this viewport in the problem tree and show it s settings in the Properties window Control Commands Initial data of illuminated area can be directly managed from the graphical window This data includes the start and final coordinates of the illuminated area Each initial setting is presented in a graphical window by a vertical line In an active window move the cursor at determining line a tool tip with a current parameter value appears By clicking the left mouse button and moving the line you can change the parameter s setting The new value is dynamically changed in the Properties window and other graphical windows displaying this option For the rotational symmetry the start and final coordinates of the working plane are specified in only one half plane In the synthesis problem the boundary coordinates of the illuminated area specify angles of reflected rays at the start and final points of the reflector Therefore if you change one of the boundary coordinates the angle of the corresponding ray of the reflected ray also changes In the simulation problem the boundary coordinates of the working plane specify a zone where illuminance distribution is calculated The following section Viewports Relationship Variables shows a summary table of parameters relationship displayed in different view
19. tracing function in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes of the ray tracing function Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the 60 User Interface current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale In the Properties window you can hide open sections e 9 Common Properties and Output Data by double clicking the name of the section or by clicking the icon with and Column width is changed by moving the adjacent border in the required direction Viewports Viewports display the initial and calculated data of the active problem in graphical form In the properties of Viewports in the window Problem there can be specified the window configuration choosing one of the following L ILU EH HI LB Ed B3 M H H HEI LE Ed EH The number of windows in Viewports can be from one to four Each one can display certain characteristics of the problem Optical Scheme Luminous Intensity Distribution of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Ray Tracing Function To resize the windows set the mouse cursor to the splitter bar of viewports and when the cursor changes the look click on the left button and holding it drag the frame to the desired position Any window ca
20. 3 Calculatin Simulation 23 07 26 24 06 2013 Completed y 4 Wn NMessages Ready Fig The optical system the illuminance distribution on the working plane and ray tracing of the spoiled reflector Conclusion Adding aberrations to the profile allows you to see what tough requirements must be put to the aberrations of the profile from the calculated curve at its manufacturing Important When choosing the type of representation of the profile s curve is desirable to use the format of ray tracing function This is because the format compared with the representation in Cartesian or polar coordinates provides the greatest stability of calculation while searching for normal values at interpolation points of the profile That in turn has a direct impact on the accuracy of light values of the calculated light distribution Defocusing the Light Source This section is valid for the reflector simulation problem Input data Input parameter Value Type of the problem Reflector synthesis The system symmetry Cylindrical 41 Type of light distribution The light source parameters The light source type The luminous intensity distribution source The source position e Coordinate Z The parameters of the illuminated area Initial coordinate Final coordinate Working plane position The reflector s parameters Reflectance Type of presentation Profile Optimization Illuminance Distr
21. 4T gt Hn NMessages Ready Fig The optical system and its luminous intensity distribution curve when the light source located at the origin of the coordinate system reflector s focus The angle of radiation at 0 5 level of axial luminous intensity is 60 File Edit View Project Help t9 d Ga La Reflector Simulation ket a S a amp gb Shape Project 39 l Light Source Reflector Illuminated Area E viewports E Optical Scheme E Luminous Intensity Distribution wx Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Rotational Last Calculation 23 25 24 06 2013 Calculating Reflector Simulation 2 24 06 2013 Completed successfully 4 gt Hn NMessages Ready 43 Optimization Fig The optical system and its luminous intensity distribution curve when the light source displaced along the axis of the reflector up to 5 mm with respect to the origin of the coordinate system reflector s focus The angle of radiation at 0 5 level of axial luminous intensity is 120 File Edit View Project Help ped Ga amp i e Reflector Simulation Luminous Intensity Distribution gb Shape Project U Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area f viewports E Optical Scheme E Luminous Intensity Distribution wx Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Rotational Last Calculation 23 25 24 0
22. 6 2013 Calculating Reflector Simulation 23 25 41 24 06 2013 Completed successfully 4 gt Hn NMessages Ready Fig The optical system and its luminous intensity distribution curve when the light source displaced along the axis of the reflector up to 5 mm with respect to the origin of the coordinate system reflector s focus The angle of radiation at 0 5 level of axial luminous intensity is 10 44 Optimization e File Edit View Project Help RG d Ga eSa e Reflector Simulation Omm v Qe HE X Ss 9 Reflector Simulation 0mm Light Source Reflector By Illuminated Area P5 viewports E Luminous Intensity Distribution Reflector Simulation 5mm amp Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area P5 Viewports Reflector Simulation 5mm E Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area P Yiewports 9 x RII y Distribution 9x Name Shape Project gx Calculating Reflector Simulation 23 27 30 24 06 2013 Completed successfully 4 gt Wn NMessages Ready Fig Luminous intensity distribution curves which can be obtained in different positions of the light source with respect to the reflector s focus Light distributions are normalized to the same value of axial luminous intensity for the ease of comparison Conclusion You can get a multi functional optical system assuming the displacement of the light source relative to the refl
23. Commands Toolbars Keyboard Menu Options Toolbars Keyboard Menu Options Categories Commands Toolbars Ne Meru RN NN Edt C d V Project View amp F Open Wi Standard Project St Help H Save New Menu All Commands m Save Report As Rename G Print m Jelete Print Preview Dee Dac Cmte om p Descrip _ Show tex labels scription Commands Toolbars Keyboard Menu Options Commands Toolbars Keyboard Category Set Accelerator for Application Frame Menus fle et Default 1 vj a Show Menus for Commands Current Keys Default Menu New F eem Mw C Remove Print Setup E 2 Default application menu Hint select the context menu Print A Reset Appears when no documents change the page to Commands cae Hoe re os are open and drag the toolbar buttons into Save As the menu window Description Quit the application Menu animations prompts to save projects ln dei dados Gee Commands Toolbars Keyboard Menu Options Toolbar V Show shortcut keys in ScreenTips Large Icons Tips Personalized Menus and Toolbars l Menus show recently used commands first 7 Show full menus after a short delay
24. Optimization File Edit View Projet Help TuS dH da aa e Reflector Simulation vA HEs ox DERGE LID of Source Shape Project Reflector Simulation 9 Reflector By Illuminated Area P viewports E Optical Scheme EZ LID of Source E illuminance Distribution Ox uD Interpolation Linear Number 5 ZDisplace 11 200000 ZDisplace 5 600000 ZDisplace 0 000000 ZDisplace 5 600000 Calculating Reflector Simulation 23 08 38 26 06 2013 ZDisplace 11 200000 Completed successfully M n NMessages Ready Fig The light distribution calculated from the optical system with a LED board and the ray tracing from each light source You can estimate the uniformity coefficient as ratio of minimum illuminance to maximum illuminance it is 0 67 Also consider the option of non optimal location of the light sources We define the following source parameters Parameters of the light source Number of Displacement along OX axis Displacement along OZ axis source mm mm 1 1 5 0 2 1 5 5 6 3 1 5 11 2 4 1 5 16 8 5 1 5 22 4 As a result we obtain an alternative system consisting of LED board and the reflector 48 Optimization File Edit View Projet Help TuS d da aa e Reflector Simulation v amp amp amp ums LID of Source Shape Project Reflector Simulation Reflector By Illuminated Area P viewports
25. TOR m De S o red z ESEARCY SHAPE 4 Reflector Design Software User s Manual Reflector Design Research Inc www reflector design com info reflector design com Contents Guns T T PREF O CUO Pee CENE 2 Purpose OE SHAPE a dis reed iH Dod drei Obvia qtd E EE d inde 2 Desidi Goal 3 55 eso xen nui etra i De pO eo php eth gp pee xh da neige pU ea vind 2 Synthesis and Simulation of the Reflector 2 vin iud sie i ei cw c EY 3 Technical SUpport suoni de bx ndi and nl ue qc didi uda Eae Nx en E Rr 4 Designing Reflector in SBADPE ior eie re Eb epe D Ede be pte EP eo ea arene key 5 M ain Stages of the Desldrisss oat eo Rte br eo Fo Pt DR e en Felge dae pied gruss 5 Parameters of the Light SOURCE i esie ied epa et eren Pe ra eraut barbe Eanna nnan nannat 9 Parameters of the Reflector iu ores teneo e hae didt au or ut c i b 10 Parameters of the Illuminated Area c eg coa rune Cu Pers int ndo Bree RR aes 12 D HEDUE DO do MA Iba Aa o Nec a e ene he T omma ML LOU eee 13 Quick Tour Proplem Wizard esiseinas tur t idt Ver rud tva dd iar ordo te aad M a tho 16 Reflector SVEN SIS uten doces user aust oven sicher oec Rum e cue oen Sc USO a 16 Reflector Simulation 55 hd ot o eh erba en e hr reati v qued 22 Optimiza tiO Merasi isi DE te Ee Sp d plea ea xi ERE ERE pe tici edt erg od ME EUER e aa 30 Choosing the Scheme of Rays TERCITIQ icons cates e ed Pee tee lr eene riu To arae ve Cue ee en eec 30 Siri latingADerfatloris cauta
26. a certain area of the Main window For less frequently accessed data such as global setting of colors and styles the settings for generating reports are entered through pop up dialog boxes Use the File Menu in section Options The SHAPE user interface follows standard Windows style guidelines It is easy to learn and use Starting Calculation When solving the reflector simulation problem launch the calculation to get the light distribution of the system luminous intensity or illuminance on the working plane When solving the reflector synthesis problem the calculation sets coordinates of the reflector profile which provides the prescribed light distribution Launch of the calculation is carried out in several ways First make sure that the problem you need is active the name of the problem is selected To activate the problem call the context menu by right clicking on the problem name and then choose Set Active Now you can run the calculation On the Project toolbar there is a button P for calculation startup or press F5 Also the calculation can be run from the menu Project gt Calculate File Edit View Help Ee al JP Calculate F5 Add Problem p Reflector Simul Problems gt Options Shape When making changes to the project the results of the last calculation lose their relevance Herewith windows show a warning Out of Date It is possible that some of the calculated data cannot be displayed
27. acing Show ray tracing incident on the reflector and reflected rays On Off Rays Way to specify the number of rays equal to the number of points on the Number of Rays profile is set by user Number of rays when set by the user Viewport LID of Source Name Description View Set a specific type for this viewport in this case LID of Source Full symmetry Coordinate System Show Nodes Compare Problems Way of displaying the luminous intensity curve in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Set the coordinate system for the presentation of the luminous intensity curve Cartesian Polar Show the specified points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the intensity curve Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Viewport Luminous Intensity Distribution Name Description View Full Symmetry Set a specific type for this viewport in this case Luminous Intensity Distribution Way of displaying the luminous intensity distribution curve in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes 59 Coordinate System Annotations Show Nodes Compare Problems User Interface Set the coordinate syste
28. ate new problems 21 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Example Reflector Synthesis shp Shape Fe Iren eese File Edit View Project Help Du Ba aala Reflector Synthesis Ees amp e smmix m 3 Optical Scheme Shape amp Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area Viewports E Optical Scheme E UD of Source Z Illuminance Distrib Sj Ray Tracing Funct ng Function llluminance Distribution Properties 1 68 Name Reflector Synth Type of Pro Reflector Synth Symmetry Rotational Last Calcula 19 46 06 07 2013 Output z Calculating Reflector Synthesis 1 19 46 14 06 07 2013 Completed successfully Name Specifies the name of the object M 4 gt M Messages Ready Fig The main window after calculations The view Optical Scheme displays the reflector s profile rays tracing and the working plane The view LID of Source displays the luminous intensity distribution of the source The view Illuminance Distribution displays the illuminance distribution in the area The window Ray Tracing Function shows the ray tracing function of the profile To see the Report on the project select File gt Print Preview To print the results click the button Print Reflector Simulation An example follows for designing an optical system of a projector with asymmetrical distribution of the luminous intensity for architectural lighting of buildings facades a
29. ce initial radius and boundary angles The number of calculated points is also set Set the properties of illuminated area In the near zone the distance between the light source and the working plane boundaries of this area and the illuminance distribution on the plane within the specified boundaries are set In the far field area boundary angles and luminous intensity distribution within the specified boundaries are set The luminous intensity distribution can be imported from the IES file Configure the graphics output window For ease of viewing the results provide options for displaying data as graphs in the windows with a custom configuration Run the calculation When you start calculation the profile of the reflector is calculated The data may be exported to a file File Edit View Project Help ped 4a aa 9 d Shape Project ll Light Source gb Reflector amp Illuminated Area f viewports E Optical Scheme E Ray Tracing Function E Luminous Intensity Distribution Luminous Intensity Distribution Ray Tracing Function 9x Name Reflector Synthesis Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Symmetry Last Calculation 21 26 24 06 2013 Warning 1101 A critical zone found Boundaries of the lit space recount Completed successfully 4 gt bt NMessages Ready Fig Interface of the program when solving reflector synthesis problem 7 Designing Reflector in SHAPE For quic
30. ck the button Next gt Configuring viewports In this window the viewports are configured which will display the input and output data At the top there are buttons that allow you to set the relative position of windows viewports By choosing View you can specify what information will be displayed in each window 20 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Change the configuration of the viewports to Four Equal as shown below to visualize the view with ray tracing function Problem Wizard Step 5 of 5 oO LH E HJ B ES HJ IT Bmg B fd AY Viewports Reflector Synthesis Rotational fem View Op Description Specify the viewport configuration Viewports display the initial and calculated data of the active problem in the graphical form Each viewport can display one of the view Optical Scheme Luminous Intensity Distribution of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Rav Tracina Function lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Viewport configuration Running calculation If you need to change anything in the calculation parameters you can always return to the previous window by pressing the button Previous To start the calculation click the button Finish The calculation results are displayed in the main window of the program where you can see the output data in tabular or graphical representation edit the input data and run the calculation again as well as cre
31. d area and boundary angles of reflector which allows calculation on the convergent or divergent scheme of ray tracing Reflector simulation provides the light distribution illuminance or luminous intensity of the considered optical system of the lighting device for a known reflector with a given light source M oving the light source along X and Z directions for rotational symmetry only along the axis Z or making aberrations in the profile simulation of manufacturing limits you can clearly see how light distribution of the system changes compared to the original SHAPE allows calculating an unlimited number of sources which is applicable for designing optical systems of multi lamp lighting devices SHAPE Editions SHAPE is available in three different editions Basic Professional and Premium Feature Basic Professional Premium Symmetry Rotational Cylindrical Point Light Source Reflector simulation Reflector synthesis Preliminary reflector design Ray tracing Finite Light Source Reflector simulation Reflector synthesis Light image analysis Light source catalog Light distribution Illuminance Introduction Luminous intensity t t i Import export IES files Herein upon description of functions of the program relating to a specific edition of the SHAPE the following designations are only used available in the edition Technical Support If you have any probl
32. e For more details see section Viewports Viewport Illuminated Area This window displays parameters for the near field ID or far field LID areas of illumination depending on the type of light distribution selected in the window for the problem type configuration 19 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 4 of 5 y oa ee Illuminated Area Reflector Synthesis Rotational V Direct Light from the Source Boundaries Start Coordinate 0 0000 m Final Coordinate 1 1000 m Height 2 5000 m Curve of the Light Distribution Description Specify parameters of the illuminated area Set on off direct light from the light source define boundaries of the illuminated area Set predefined curve of the light distribution as an array of points The curve can be imported from a spreadsheet software via Windows Clipboard The luminous intensity curve can be imported from an IES file gos m om ae Fig Setting properties of the illuminated area Enter values as shown below Input parameter Value Direct Light On Start Coordinate 0m Final Coordinate 1 1m Height 2 5 m Curve of the light distribution Custom Upon this the light distribution curve used by default is automatically loaded Then to download the required data on illuminance distribution on the plane click the button Edit A dialog box with a table where you can copy the required array of light values will open Cli
33. e tabular form Light distribution curve in the graphical form Coordinated system for displaying the luminous intensity curve Cartesian or polar is defined in the properties of the Luminous Intensity Distribution Viewport Utilization factor of the optical system Reflector synthesis Section Description Title Page Page with project data file name date name of the problem logo Input Data Problem Configuration Optical Scheme Type of the problem the system symmetry the light distribution type Drawing of the optical system 79 Light Source M ain Properties LID Table LID Plot Reflector M ain Properties Illuminated Area M ain Properties Light Distribution Table Light Distribution Plot Output Data Reflector M ain Properties Profile Curve Table Profile Curve Plot Ray tracing Function Plot Utilization Factor Report All settings on image displaying are placed in the properties of the Optical Scheme Viewport Source type displacement of the center Luminous intensity distribution curve in the tabular form Luminous intensity distribution curve in the graphic form M ethod of displaying Cartesian or polar is defined in the properties of the LID of Source Viewport Reflectance initial radius boundary angles The option of the direct light calculation boundaries of the illuminated area Light distribution curve luminous intensity or illuminance i
34. ector focus Optimization of the M ulti lamp Device This section is valid for the reflector simulation problem Input data Input parameter Value Type of the problem Reflector Simulation The system symmetry Cylindrical Type of light distribution Illuminance Distribution The light source parameters 45 The light source type The luminous intensity distribution of the source The source position e Coordinate X e Coordinate Z The parameters of the illuminated area Initial coordinate Final coordinate Working plane position Reflector parameters Reflectance Type of presentation Profile Optimization Point Custom 0mm 0mm 0m 5m 0 8 Polar coordinates Special If you do not take into account the spatial distribution of the light sources LED bar you can get a light distribution other than the intended for a single source For example replacing single light source for distributed one leads to the illuminance in the form of stripes on the working plane orto the insufficient uniformity Therefore it is important to assess the effect of spatial location of sources when using multiple sources in optical system with a mirror reflector For example it is necessary to obtain a uniform illuminance distribution in the near field area For this the cylindrical profile with a point light source is calculated The setting parameters are as follows Initial parameters
35. ems with the program make sure that HELP see the section Error M essages does not contain their solution If you do not find a solution please contact our specialists by e mail at the address listed on the title page Your comments and suggestions are welcome as well at this email address Designing Reflector in SHAPE Designing Reflector in SHAPE M ain Stages of the Design The design of the reflector is different for two problems calculation of the light distribution from the light system with a known reflector reflector simulation calculation of the reflector s profile for the light system with a prescribed light distribution reflector synthesis or with the known boundaries of the illuminated area preliminary reflector design Reflector simulation The main steps in the reflector simulation are the following Select the type of problem Reflector simulation Select the type of the optical system symmetry The system may have cylindrical or rotational symmetry Select the illuminated area In the near field area the illuminance distribution in the area is calculated In the far field area the luminous intensity distribution of the system is calculated Set the properties of the light source The light source is characterized by the shape point or line location and light distribution Luminous intensity distribution of the light source can be imported from an IES file or as an array of points The calculation can be p
36. eneral settings Customize IY Istatus bar Show hide the status bar Application Look Office XP Set the style of the main frame Windows XP Office 2007 Blue Style Black Style Silver Style Aqua Style Zoom In Display a magnified view of the current image 7 Zoom Out Display a reduced view of the current image Sl Fit View Change the scale of the image so that it is fully 13 User Interface inscribed in the window M aximize the active view to fill the whole space H M aximized View of the M ain window Equal Split Restore the size of the viewports to the default state Project Menu Help Project M enu is used to start calculation This menu allows to add a gt Calculate Fs new problem to the current project Also you can open the window Add Problem with the configuration of color schemes and fonts to display data and parameters of the report to be printed 2 Options The Project menu contains the following items Name Description P Calculate Start calculation of the active problem Add Problem Add a new problem to the project This command calls the Problem Wizard that helps to create a new problem Options Display custom settings of color scheme fonts anda list of output data for the report on the project Help Menu The Help menu is used to display documentation for the program and Help the version number of the program Activation About Shape Menu Help
37. ensity Distribution E Ray Tracing Function Reflector Synthesis Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area o Viewports Optical Scheme UD of Source E Luminous Intensity Distribution User Interface Properties 2 E E Direct Light On Interpolation Linear Im Compute LID On Start Angle deg 89 000000 Final Angle deg 89 000000 Number of points 51 Compute ID Off s Start Coordinate m 5 000000 Final Coordinate m 9 000000 Number of points 30 Height m 8 000000 X Compute LID Enables the calculation of the luminous intensity distribution Fig The Problem and Properties windows With a help of the Problem window you can always quickly access data from any problem you solve There is a convenient mechanism for copying data from one problem to another which shortens the time for entering parameters upon creating and modifying the optical system If input data of the problem is modified and does not correlate to the output data an asterisk appears in the title of the problem You need to launch calculation to make the output actual and revise the graphics The context menu called by right clicking on an item in the tree from the window Problems allows you to perform the following commands Paragraph Menu item Action 52 User Interface Problem Set Active M ake the problem active herewith all windows of the project display properties of the selected problem Add P
38. erformed for multiple sources simultaneously available in Professional Premium editions The light source is characterized by the shape object of finite size and the luminance value Calculation can be performed for multiple sources simultaneously Set the properties of the reflector Reflector is characterized by the reflectance and the setting of the profile s coordinates Cartesian or polar coordinates or ray tracing function The profile can be set by a known analytical function paraboloid ellipsoid spheroid or can be imported in the form of an array of points Set the properties of illuminated area In the near zone the height of the light source above the working plane and the boundaries of the area are set Far field is determined by boundary angles Also the number of calculation points is set Configure the graphics output window Designing Reflector in SHAPE For ease of viewing the results provide options for displaying data as graphs in the windows with a custom configuration Run the calculation Calculated is the light distribution illuminance or luminous intensity of the system with the reflector and the light source The data may be exported to a file File Edit View Project Help ne Ga ad Shape Project L Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area Viewports E Optical Scheme LID of Source E Luminous Intensity Distribution E illuminance Distribution Luminous
39. f illumination depending on the type of light distribution selected in the window for the problem type selection 25 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 4 of 5 i 35 Illuminated Area Reflector Simulation Cylindrical Direct Light from the Source Boundaries Start Angle 89 0000 deg Final Angle 89 0000 deg Number of Points 51 Description Specify parameters of the illuminated area Set on off direct light from the light source define boundaries of the illuminated area lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting properties of the illuminated area Set values as shown below Input parameter Value Direct Light On Start Angle 89 Final Angle 89 Number of points 51 Click the button Next gt Configuring viewports In this window the viewports are configured which will display the input and output data At the top there are buttons that allow you to set the relative position of windows viewports By choosing view you can specify what information will be displayed in each window Change the configuration of the viewports to Four Equal as shown below to visualize the view with ray tracing function 26 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 5 of 5 ES EH IT EB HH Viewports Reflector Simulation Cylindrical B m
40. he angles counting direction The distribution can be uniform or is specified by the user in a tabular form and can be downloaded from an external IES file or copied via the Windows buffer for example from the spreadsheet The luminous intensity distribution can be set in relative units It is automatically converted into cd units normalized to a flux of 1 000 Im 23 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 2 of 5 g H E Qe Light Source Reflector Simulation Cylindrical Type of the Light Source Point 9 iine Luminous Intensity Distribution of the Source Uniform Custom Displacement of the Source Value X D0 mm ValueZ 10 0000 mm Description Specify parameters of the light source Set uniform luminous intensity distribution of the light source or specify a curve as an array of points The curve can be imported from an IES file or a spreadsheet software via Windows Clipboard lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting the light source s properties Choose the options as shown Input parameter Value Light Source Line Luminous Intensity Distribution of Uniform Source Value X 0 mm Value Z 10mm Click the button Next gt Configuring the reflector s properties In the window for setting the reflector s properties you can set its dimensions and reflectance The diagram shows the curve of the reflector s profile Click button Show Nodes on the upper too
41. he calculation It is seen that the start angle of the reflector is related to the outer boundary angle of the illuminated area and the final angle of the reflector with a zero direction The same problem can be solved in a divergent scheme of ray tracing The following defines the values of the reflector and the illuminated area Ray tracing Initial parameters of the reflector Initial parameters of the illuminated scheme area Start Angle deg 70 Start Angle deg 50 Divergent Final Angle deg 180 Final Angle deg 0 Initial Radius mm 255 32 Optimization M Fig Divergent scheme of ray tracing The result of the calculation The same values of light distribution result but the profile is different In this case the final angle of the reflector corresponds to the zero direction and the start angle of the reflector to the outer boundary direction Change of the scheme has led to a change in the reflector shape and its dimensions Also there have appeared limitations for the maximum size of the light source for its position with respect to the reflector s focus 33 Optimization Mes Fig Graphical window with optical scheme for two solutions red line the convergent _ scheme of ray tracing blue line divergent scheme of ray tracing Cylindrical profile Similarly the convergent or divergent schemes f
42. ibution Plot tv ok Gee Ae Default Fig The Options Dialog Box Report Tab The general structure of the report is as follows Reflector simulation Section Description Title Page Page with project data file name date name of the problem logo Input Data Problem Configuration Type of the problem the system symmetry the light distribution type Optical Scheme Drawing of the optical system All settings on image displaying are placed in the properties of the Optical Scheme Viewport 78 Light Source M ain Properties LID Table LID Plot Reflector M ain Properties Profile Curve Table Profile Curve Plot Ray tracing Function Plot Illuminated Area M ain Properties Output Data Illuminated Area Light Distribution Table Light Distribution Plot Utilization Factor Report Source type displacement of the center Luminous intensity distribution curve in the tabular form Luminous intensity distribution curve in the graphic form M ethod of displaying Cartesian or polar is defined in the properties of the LID of Source Viewport Reflectance The profile curve in Cartesian and polar coordinates in the tabular form The profile curve in the graphical form Curve of the ray tracing function in the graphical form The option of the direct light calculation boundaries of the illuminated area Light distribution curve luminous intensity or illuminance in th
43. ibution Point Uniform 0mm Om 7M 12M 0 8 Polar coordinates Special Output data of the system are also affected by the position of the light source with respect to the reflector s focus You can change the distribution of the luminous intensity of the system by simply moving the source for example along the axis of the reflector This feature is implemented in lamps HighBay so that the distribution of the luminous intensity can be made deep and narrow changing the position of the lampholder For an axially symmetrical reflector in the far field area a profile is known as well as the light distribution curve of the entire system Set the displacement of the light source along the optical axis of the reflector in different directions The angle of optical system radiation at 0 5 level of axial luminous intensity The source displacement along OZ axis mm degrees 60 0 120 5 10 5 42 Optimization File Edit View Projet Help Raed Ra esa e Reflector Simulation v amp amp amp tHMUum z ox fS e Lumin ntensity Distribution Shape Project 39 Light Source Reflector gt Illuminated Area B Viewports E Optical Scheme E Luminous Intensity Distribution Yx Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Rotational Last Calculation 23 24 24 06 2013 Calculating Reflector Simulation Completed successfully TMT
44. ing 101 The light source is located below the working plane The direct light is excluded from the calculation This message relates to the case of illuminance calculation If the light source is located under the working plane the software automatically turns off the direct light from the source and warns that the calculation will be made only with the reflected component Warning 102 The direct light from a source is partially blocked by a reflector edge This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem It warns that the direct light is partially blocked by the edges of the reflector The boundaries of area illuminated by direct light can be seen in the report Warning 103 The direct light from a source is completely blocked by a reflector edge This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem It warns that the direct light is completely blocked by the edges of the reflector The program excludes the direct component from the calculation Warning 105 Wrong type of interpolation of the reflector s profile polar curve The type of interpolation is set to Spline This message relates to the problem of simulation when polar profile curve has a linear interpolation method The program automatically sets the type of interpolation to Spline Warning 106 The reflected light is partially blocked by reflector This message refers to the problem of preliminary reflector design It warns that the reflected rays are partial
45. ints when set by the user Tabular data of the verification curve matrix N x 2 Viewports Name Description Configuration Specify the viewport configuration The window is open with a set of standard view port configurations Viewport Optical Scheme Common Properties Name Description View Full Symmetry Annotations Show Source Show Working Plane Set a specific type for this viewport in this case Optical Scheme Way of displaying the optical system with rotational symmetry On ff You can set the display for one or two half planes Show annotations On Off Controls the display of boundary incident and reflected rays of the reflector Also controls the display of boundaries of the working plane when calculating illuminance distribution Show the light source On Off For a point source the dimension is set in Options dialog box and is used only for graphical output Show the working plane On Off 58 Show Nodes Compare Problems User Interface Only relevant when calculating illuminance distribution Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the profile curve Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Ray Tracing Properties Name Description Ray Tr
46. istribution of optical System define angles of reflected rays at start and final points of the reflector Therefore when one of the boundary angles of the light distribution changes the angle of the corresponding reflected ray also changes In the simulation problem boundary angles of the illuminated area specify a zone where the luminous intensity distribution is calculated The following section Viewports Relationship Variables shows a summary table of parameters relationship displayed in different viewports Viewport Illuminance Distribution Context M enu Item Description View Set a specific view for this viewport You can choose one of the options e Optical Scheme e LIDof Source e Luminous Intensity Distribution e llluminance Distribution e Ray Tracing Function 66 User Interface Compare Problems Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Show Annotations Show annotations On Off Controls the display of boundaries of the working plane when calculating illuminance distribution Show Nodes Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display nodes on the illuminance distribution curve Show Full Symmetry Way of displaying light distribution in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half
47. ity is normalized to a flux of 1000 Im The luminous intensity distribution can be exported to a IES file Reflector synthesis The calculated data of the reflector are presented in the following forms e Cartesian coordinates Z x e polar coordinates R y 14 Designing Reflector in SHAPE e ray tracing function of the angular dependence between incident and reflected rays a y In case of Preliminary reflector design the resulting light distribution of the synthesized profile is further calculated 15 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Quick Tour Problem W izard At the program start the Problem Wizard opens allowing you to quickly and easily create a new problem through step by step setting of calculation parameters Problem Wizard is always called when creating a new problem The Problem Wizard has templates for different combinations of calculation parameters Thus the user is able to understand the logic of efficient design of the reflector in SHAPE sequentially entering data for all elements of the optical system Each step of the Problem Wizard is accompanied by a graphic image with interactive interface which also simplifies the program for the user The main parameters of the calculation have a text description which provides insight on what this parameter an effect has Data can be presented as text boxes drop down lists or additionally opening windows for editing arrays of curves Reflector Synthesis C
48. k design the Preliminary Reflector Design is used Stages of the design are the following Select the type of problem Select the Reflector Synthesis value and set the Preliminary Reflector Design option Select the type of the optical system symmetry The system may have cylindrical or rotational symmetry Select the illuminated area For the near field area the profile s calculation based on the working plane s sizes and its distance from the source is done In the far field area the profile is calculated based on the boundaries of the system radiation Set the properties of the light source The light source is characterized by the shape point or line The source is located in the coordinates origin Luminous intensity distribution of the light source can be imported from an IES file or as an array of points The calculation can be performed for a single source only available in Premium edition The light source is characterized by the shape object of finite size and the luminance value The calculation can be performed for a single source only Set the properties of the reflector The reflector is characterized by the reflectance initial radius and boundary angles The number of calculated points is also set Set the properties of illuminated area In the near zone the distance between the light source and the working plane and the boundaries of this plane are set In the far field area the boundary angles of the system
49. lbar to hide nodes on the profile curve 24 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 3 of 5 c G Reflector Reflector Simulation Cylindrical Reflectance 0 8000 Reflector Profile Analytical Hype d Custom Eccentricity Initial Radius mm Start Angle deg Final Angle 1 deg Description Specify parameters of the reflector profile Set analytical curve of the profile or specify the curve as an array of points The curve can be imported from a spreadsheet software via Windows Clipboard lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting the reflector s properties Set values as shown Input parameter Value Reflectance 0 8 Representation Polar Reflector Contour Custom Next the default profile curve is loaded automatically Then to download the required profile curve click the button Edit A dialog box will open with a data table where you can copy the required array of profile coordinates It is also possible to set an analytical representation of the profile Click the button Next Configuring illuminated area In the window for setting the illuminated area you can set its dimensions The diagram shows optical scheme and illuminated area The program allows manipulation of graphical objects using the mouse For more details see section Viewports gt Viewport Optical Scheme This window displays the parameters for the near field ID or far field LID areas o
50. lculating Reflector Simulation 1 20 35 04 06 07 2013 Completed successfully Name M 4 gt M Messages Ready Fig The main window of the program after calculations The view Optical Scheme displays the profile and ray tracing The view LID of Source displays the luminous intensity distribution of the source The view Luminous Intensity Distribution displays the luminous intensity distribution of the optical system The view Ray tracing function shows the ray tracing function of the profile You can magnify the Luminous Intensity Distribution view to fit the whole main window Select the view and call the menu View gt Maximized View 28 Quick Tour Problem Wizard elele A Example Reflector Simulation shp Shape File Edit View Projet Help Reflector Simulation Luminous Intensity Distribution v Show Annotations Show Nodes Cartesian Plot Polar Plot Fit View Ready Fig Maximized Luminous Intensity Distribution view To see the Report on the project select File Print Preview To print the results click the button Print 29 Optimization Optimization Optical system design is made simultaneously with the optimization of its parameters Optimization is made both for the reflector synthesis problem and for the reflector simulation problem Optical systems include a light source and a reflector so the efficiency of an optical System depends on its proper
51. ly blocked by edges of the reflector Switch on the option Ray Tracing on Optical Scheme view to visualize such rays Warning 107 Some of the reflected rays fall outside the specified illuminated area This message relates to the problem of preliminary reflector design It warns that some of the reflected rays fall outside the boundaries of a given illuminated area Switch on the option Ray Tracing on Optical Scheme view to visualize such rays 86 Messages Warning 110 Some of the reflected rays do not cross the specified illuminated area This message relates to the problem of reflector simulation when the illuminance distribution is calculated It means that a part of the reflector distributes the light outside the boundaries of a given illuminated area Warning 111 A parabolic point is detected This message relates to the problem of reflector simulation when the luminous intensity distribution is calculated It warns that the essential singularity is detected and the accuracy of the calculated light values at certain points in the illuminated field is not guaranteed Therefore the calculation accuracy of utilization factor of the optical system is violated Warning 112 A caustic point is detected This message relates to the problem of reflector simulation when the illuminance distribution is calculated It warns that the essential singularity is detected and the accuracy of the calculated light values at certain p
52. m for the presentation of the luminous intensity curve Cartesian Polar Show annotations On Off Controls the display of boundary angles of the illuminated area Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the intensity curve Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Viewport Illuminance Distribution Name Description View Full Symmetry Annotations Show Nodes Compare Problems Sets a specific type for this viewport in this case Illuminance Distribution Way of displaying the illuminance distribution curve in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Show annotations On Off Controls the display of boundaries of the working plane Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the illuminance curve Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Viewport Ray Tracing Function Name Description View Full Symmetry Show Nodes Compare Problems Sets a specific type for this viewport in this case Ray Tracing Function Way of displaying the ray
53. meters for printing Help Display information about the program s version call of reference documentation on how to use the program Around the menu bar there is Project and Standard toolbars The panes can be hidden or moved to any other place of the M ain window in a floating or docking mode gt Reflector Simulation s AS sees em Bs Standard Toolbar Button Description L1New Create a new project Open Open an existing project el Save Save the current project Cut Cut the contents of the selected area and place it on the Clipboard 73 Copy Cut the contents of the selected area to the Clipboard 25 Paste Insert the contents from the Clipboard 70 x Print Print Preview User Interface Print a report on the current project Display a report preview on the current project Help Display information about the program version and copyright Project Toolbar Button Description B Calculate Start calculation of the active problem Reflector Synthesis v Set active problem by selecting it from the list of S add New Problem 4 Zoom In Zoom Out Fit View SM aximized View problems of the current project Run the Problem Wizard to create a new problem and add it to the current project Display a magnified view of the current image Display a reduced view of the current image Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the wind
54. mm Z Displacement mm Displacement along X axis of the lighting fixture Displacement along Z axis of the lighting fixture Reflector Simulation Name Description Reflectance Representation Contour Initial Radius mm Reflectance of the surface material Type of the profile representation Cartesian Polar Ray tracing Tabulated values of the profile s coordinates matrix N x 2 The initial radius of the profile Specified only if you represent the profile as a Ray Tracing function 55 Interpolation User Interface Type of profile curve interpolation Linear Spline Reflector Synthesis Common Properties Name Description Reflectance Initial Radius mm Start Angle deg Final Angle deg Points Number of Points Reflectance of the surface material Initial radius of the profile The start angle of the reflector s profile The final angle of the reflector s profile Way to specify the number of calculation points M anual number Auto Number of calculation points if specified by the user Output data Name Description Cartesian Contour Polar Contour Ray tracing Function Table of calculated coordinates of the profile in Cartesian coordinates matrix N x 2 Table of calculated coordinates of the profile in polar coordinates matrix N x 2 Table of calculated coordinates of the profile presented as a ray tracing function matrix N x2
55. n you can set the distribution of the light source intensity The used curve with the indication of angles counting direction is shown in the graphical window The distribution can be uniform or is set by the user in a tabular form and can be downloaded from an external IES file or copied via the Windows buffer for example from the spreadsheet The luminous intensity distribution can be set in relative units it is automatically converted into cd units normalized to a flux of 1000 Im 17 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 2 of 5 Al e H e 3 Light Source Reflector Synthesis Rotational Type of the Light Source Luminous Intensity Distribution of the Source Uniform Custom Displacement of the Source Value X D0 mm Value Z mm Description Specify parameters of the light source Set uniform luminous intensity distribution of the light source or specify a curve as an array of points The curve can be imported from an IES file or a spreadsheet software via Windows Clipboard lt Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting the light source s properties Set options as defined below Input parameter Value Light Source Point Luminous Intensity Distribution of Uniform Source Click the button Next gt Configuring reflector s properties The reflectance of the surface dimensions and other characteristics are determined in the window for setting the reflect
56. n be temporarily displayed in full screen mode for a better perception You can customize the settings of each view in the window Properties which is activated by double clicking on the viewport or through the item Properties in the context menu A set of commands in the context menu depends on the selected view and is described below Properties of views see in the relevant section Properties Window Z mm 100 minous Intensity Distribution User Interface Fig The graphical window of the program Zooming and panning the view By default upon initial display the image drawing of optical system the graph of curves is fully inscribed in the window area If needed you can change the scale by scrolling the middle mouse wheel in the active viewport forward to zoom in backwards to zoom out The change of the magnification will occur with respect to the cursor position If you hold down the Ctrl key scaling will occur only in the vertical direction While holding down the Shift button image is scaled horizontally This can be useful when you need to view the complexity of the curve shape better Zoom function in one direction is not relevant for Optical Scheme where the relation of axes OZand OX are observed as well as for polar diagrams To display and examine different parts of the image it is possible to pan the view To do this click on the left mouse button in the active viewport and holding it down move the image in
57. n the tabular form Light distribution curve in the graphical form Coordinated system for displaying the luminous intensity curve Cartesian or polar is defined in the properties of the Luminous Intensity Distribution Viewport Reflectance The profile curve in Cartesian and polar coordinates in the tabular form The profile curve in the graphical form Curve of the ray tracing function in the graphical form Utilization factor of the optical system 80 Messages M essages In the process of calculation SHAPE can display messages in Output window The message format is as follows Type Code M essage The type and code of the message is an active link When you click on this link Help opens where you can read a more detailed description of the message and suggestions for further action There are three types of messages Error xxx Such messages indicate a critical situation that has arisen in the course of calculation Thereafter SHAPE cannot continue the calculation and the process stops Typically such situations are associated with incorrectly entered data Warning xxx This message does not relate to a serious error The program warns of emerging complexities and inconsistencies with the logic of calculation SHAPE corrects itself the situation and reports on the changes or simply informs of deviations in expected result The calculation process is not stopped Internal Error xxx This type of mes
58. nce to the working plane Boundary coordinates e luminous intensity e llluminance a discrete array of points as a e 180 180 E x discrete array of points H e 50 50 m X X 50 50 m Reflector synthesis problem Preliminary Reflector Design Input parameter Value Direct light from the source e On e Off Type of the light distribution Luminous intensity distribution Boundary angles luminance distribution Distance to the working plane Boundary coordinates e Luminous intensity e llluminance as a e 180 180 H e 50 50 m X X 50 50 m Output Data 13 Designing Reflector in SHAPE Depending on the type of the solving problem the program calculates the following data Reflector simulation The calculated data of light distribution are displayed in a form of discrete arrays of points e Luminous intensity l a e llluminance E x 0 Xs Xr m i 0 8 0 6 04 0 2 0 0 2 04 0 6 0 8 1 Fig Illuminance distribution on the working plane E x Ik klm Note when calculating the curve of the illuminance is normalized to a flux of 1000 Im 170 180 i70 180 160 150 E E 150 140 X pi 7440 6 5699 130 120 Ai 2 110 130 120 110 o og 100 eo 10 10 Fig The luminous intensity distribution of optical system I a cd kim Note when calculating the curve of the luminous intens
59. nd of monuments This is the problem of the reflector simulation for illuminating the far field zone Setting up the type of the problem The first Problem Wizard window proposesto select the type of the design problem 22 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 1 of 5 Problem Reflector Simulation Cylindrical Name of Problem Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Reflector Simulation Symmetry of the Optical System Rotational Cylindrical Type of Light Distribution Q9 Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Description Choose parameters of the problem Reflector Simulation calculating a light distribution of a known reflector Reflector Synthesis calculating a reflector shape to provide a required light distribution Preliminary Reflector Design calculating a reflector shape to provide illumination of a specified area Next gt Finish Cancel l Help Fig Setting the problem configuration Select the options as shown below Input parameter Value Type of problem Reflector Simulation Type of symmetry Cylindrical Type of light distribution Luminous Intensity Distribution Click the button Next gt Setting the light source s properties In the window for the light source selection you can set the luminous intensity distribution of the light source The graphical window displays the used curve indicating t
60. ndary angles of the illuminated area Show Nodes Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the intensity curve Show Full Symmetry Way of displaying the luminous intensity distribution curve in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Cartesian System Plot the curve of luminous intensity in the Cartesian coordinate system Polar System Plot the curve of luminous intensity in the polar coordinate system Fit View Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the window Properties Select an element corresponding to this viewport in the problem tree and show it s settings in the Properties window Control Commands M anaging initial data of illuminated area can be done directly from the viewport The curve of luminous intensity can be represented in two coordinate systems Cartesian or polar In graphics window the boundaries of the illuminated area can be presented as vertical lines Cartesian system or segments with capture points polar system In an active window move the cursor to the boundary line or capture point depending on the coordinate system a tool tip with a current parameter value appears By clicking the left mouse button and dragging the point you can change the parameter s setting The new value is dynamically changed in the Properties window Also the viewport Optical Scheme displays changes 65 User Inte
61. nformation about the name of the launching problem and the calculation time Also this window displays warning messages Errors Warnings about possibly incorrectly entered data and recommendations for their correction Calculating Reflector Synthesis 1 01 06 15 07 07 2013 Completed successfully Calculating Reflector Synthesis 1 01 06 25 07 07 2013 Verifying calculation Completed successfully M 4 M Messages E Fig The Output Window M enu and Toolbars The main structure is quite simple and easy to use By default the menu bar is located at the top of the Main Window 69 User Interface Menu Bar File Edit View Project Help Basically items of the menu bar refer to the same name chapters of the manual You can see the detailed instructions in the relevant section on the use of each menu item Item Description File Create a new project open an existing project save and rename the current project print a report on the current project Edit Clipboard operations cut copy paste delete Undo a preceding operation View Show hide toolbars and windows set a style design of the Main window on off the maximized size of the viewport change the magnification of a view by zooming in and out restore the default size of viewports Project Start calculation call the Options dialog box where you can customize the color scheme and fonts to display data and select the report para
62. nthesis Input data Input parameter Value Type of the problem Reflector Synthesis The system symmetry Rotational Type of light distribution Luminous Intensity Distribution The light source parameters The light source type Point 30 The luminous intensity distribution of the source The illuminated area parameters Start angle Final angle The reflector s parameters Reflectance Start angle Final angle Initial radius The number of calculation points Uniform 50 degrees 0 degrees 0 8 70 degrees 180 degrees 255 mm 51 Optimization The goal of choosing the ray tracing scheme is to minimize flux loss associated with the intersecting a lamp or reflector by reflected rays For profile shape its overall dimensions depend on the scheme of ray tracing The scheme of the ray tracing is defined by the initial data of the reflector and the illuminated area When the calculation of the reflector in the far field area is made you can receive the convergent scheme of ray tracing if for example the following values are set Ray tracing Initial parameters of the reflector Initial parameters of the illuminated scheme area Start Angle deg 70 Start Angle deg 50 Convergent Final Angle deg 180 Final Angle deg 0 Initial Radius mm 255 3l Optimization E Ele gdt View projet Help M Fig Convergent scheme of ray tracing The result of t
63. of the reflector Initial parameters of the illuminated area Initial Radius m 50 Start Coordinate m 0 4 Start Angle deg 175 Final Coordinate m 3 Final Angle deg 40 Height m 5 46 Optimization File Edit View Project Help T EE ea 9 Optical EE LID of Source Shape Project Z Reflector Synthesis W Light Source Reflector P viewports E Optical Scheme up of Source E illuminance Distribution llluminance Distribution yx Direct Light On Type of the Li ID Light Distribut Interpolation Linear Start Coordin 0 000000 Final Coordin 3 000000 Height m 5 000000 Verifying calc Off Verifying Nodes As Light Distribut Verifying LD Calculating Reflector Synthesis 23 00 08 26 06 2013 Completed successfully 4 gt Hn Messages Final Coordinate m Ready Fig The luminous intensity distribution of the source LED required light distribution and the profile calculated for this distribution The real light source in this case not only LED but a LED board Let us set the parameters of the source Parameters of the light source Displacement along OX axis Displacement along OZ axis mm mm Number of source 15 11 2 1 5 5 6 1 5 0 L5 5 6 Unc Pn2 IP 1 5 11 2 As a result we obtain the real system consisting of an LED board and the reflector 47
64. oints in the illuminated field is not guaranteed Therefore the calculation accuracy of utilization factor of the optical system is violated Warning 1101 A critical zone found The boundaries of the illuminated area recalculated This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem The light value from the source exceeds the value of the prescribed light distribution The program automatically calculates boundaries of the illuminated area where a similar situation is excluded New boundaries of illuminated area can be seen in the report Internal Error M essages Internal error 203 Cannot find angular size of the light source This message relates to the reflector simulation problem when the method of substitution by a finite size light source is used It means that reflector crosses the source and further calculation is impossible Recommendations 87 Messages Please contact technical support Internal error 204 Cannot find boundaries of the source image for calculating the reflected light This message relates to the reflector simulation problem when the method of substitution by a finite size light source is used It is related to the calculation of reflected light by finding a flashed area the source image on the reflector Recommendations Please contact technical support 88
65. ompleted successfully TMT 4T gt MH NMessages Ready Fig Convergent scheme of ray tracing The result of the calculation 35 Optimization It can be seen that the initial reflected ray enters the initial coordinate of the illuminated area and the final ray the final coordinate Thus there is a crossing of the outer reflected rays The same problem can be solved in a divergent scheme of ray tracing Now define the following values of the reflector and of the illuminated area Ray tracin ii Initial parameters of the illuminated y g Initial parameters of the reflector p scheme area Start Angle deg 290 Start Coordinate m 1 Linear Final Angle deg 70 Final Coordinate m 4 Initial Radius mm 100 Height m 8 T thoosing cheme of Ray Tracing shp lt a S ait AE e Reflector Synthesis v aA HEX Sx Optical Scheme S Shape Project 1 pad amp Illuminated Area viewports E Optical Scheme E up of Source E tlluminance Distribution Name Reflector Synthesis Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Symmetry Cylindrical Last Calculation 2240 24 06 2013 Ready Calculating Reflector Synthesis 22 40 04 24 06 2013 Completed successfully llluminance Distribution NEU 4 Wn NMessages Fig Divergent scheme of ray tracing The result of the calculation As a result we have the same values of light distribution but the profile is different In this case o
66. onsider the example of designing an optical system of a luminaire for office and residential lighting the so called Downlight This is a problem of synthesis of axially symmetrical reflector for the illumination in the near field area Setting up the type of the problem In the first Wizard window the type of the design problem is proposed to choose 16 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 1 of 5 x Problem Reflector Synthesis Rotational Name of Problem Reflector Synthesis Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Preliminary Reflector Design Reflector Simulation Symmetry of the Optical System Rotational Cylindrical Type of Light Distribution Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Description Choose parameters of the problem Reflector Simulation calculating a light distribution of a known reflector Reflector Synthesis calculating a reflector shape to provide a required light distribution Preliminary Reflector Design calculating a reflector shape to provide illumination of a specified area Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting the problem configuration Choose options as shown Input parameter Value Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Type of symmetry Rotational Light distribution type Illuminance Distribution Click the button Next gt Setting the light source s properties In the window for the light source selectio
67. oordinate Final coordinate Working plane position The reflector s parameters Reflectance Type of representation Profile Optimization 0mm 0mm 3m 0m 1m 0 8 Polar coordinates Special Aberrations are associated with aspects of the technological production of the profile These errors in manufacture of the reflector can be estimated by introducing aberrations into the profile s curve The character of aberrations is mainly random and is defined by normal distribution To illuminate the plane there has been designed a reflector collecting flux from a linear source with uniform luminous intensity distribution 38 Optimization lllumjnanc sx oo Name Reflector Simulation Type of Problem Reflector Simulation Symmetry Cylindrical Last Calculation 22 58 24 06 2013 Calculating Reflector Simulation 22 58 29 24 06 2013 e reflected rays do not Warning 110 Some reflec do not cross the working plane Completed successfully 4 gt Hn N Messages Ready Fig The optical system the illuminance distribution on the working plane and ray tracing of the reflector To add aberrations to the profile for example with an amplitude not more than 2 mm it is possible to assess how the illuminance on the working plane changes sei B degree Initial radius mm Spoiled radius mm 15 100 99 18333 19 8 94 04 92 74199 24 6 88 38
68. or cylindrical reflector with a line source in the near field area are obtained Input data Input parameter Value Type of the problem Reflector Synthesis The system symmetry Cylindrical Type of light distribution Illuminance Distribution The light source parameters The light source type Line The luminous intensity Uniform distribution of the source The illuminated area parameters Start coordinate 1m 34 Optimization Final coordinate 4m Height 8m The reflector s parameters Reflectance 0 8 Start angle 70 degrees Final angle 290 degrees Initial radius 100 mm The number of calculation 51 points Convergent scheme is characterized by the following parameters of the reflector and the illuminated area Ray tracing Initial parameters of the reflector Initial parameters of the illuminated scheme area Start Angle deg 290 Start Coordinate m 4 Cross Final Angle deg 70 Final Coordinate m 1 Initial Radius mm 100 Height m 8 Choosing cheme of Ray Tracing shp esa File Edit View Project Help ped aa amp i e f Shape Project lj Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area viewports E Optical Scheme EZ un of Source E luminance Distribution Ox Name Reflector Synthesis Type of Problem Reflector Synthesis Symmetry Cylindrical Last Calculation 22 46 24 06 2013 Calculating Reflector Synthesis 22 46 25 24 06 2013 C
69. or s properties What follows is a diagram that shows an optical scheme and angles counting direction The program allows management of graphical objects using the mouse For more details see section Viewports Viewport Optical Scheme Click button Show Working Plane on the upper toolbar to change the image as shown in the figure below 18 Quick Tour Problem Wizard Problem Wizard Step 3 of 5 L i Reflector Reflector Synthesis Rotational Reflector Number of Points 51 Auto Reflectance 0 8000 Initial Radius 30 0000 mm Start Angle 180 0000 deg Final Angle 80 0000 deg Illuminated Area Start Coordinate 0 0000 m Final Coordinate 1 1000 m Height 2 5000 m Description Specify the initial parameters of the reflector profile Set boundary angles of the reflector and initial radius Set corresponding boundaries of the illuminated area Previous Finish Cancel Help Fig Setting the reflector s properties Enter values as shown below Input parameter Value Reflectance 0 8 Initial Radius 30 mm Start Angle 180 Final Angle 80 Number of points 51 Click the button Next gt Configuring illuminated area In the window for setting illuminated area you can set its dimensions and the required light distribution curve The following diagram displays a graph of the curve and the area s borders The program allows management of graphical objects using the mous
70. ow M aximize the active view to fill the whole space of the M ain window Equal Split Restore the size of viewports by default Options Call the dialog window with settings of color scheme fonts and report parameters of the problem Shortcut Keys Some commands have equivalent keyboard shortcuts that help to use the program Command Keyboard shortcuts Command Keyboard shortcuts New Ctrl N Cut Ctrl X Open Ctrl40 Copy Ctrl C Save Ctri S Paste Ctrl V Print Ctrl P Calculate Problem F5 71 File Menu Edit View Project GRC d ac E Rt New Ctri N Open Ctri O Save Ctri S Save As Save Report As Print Ctri P Print Preview User Interface File Menu is used to create a new project using the Problem Wizard to open an existing project to save and rename the current project or to print the report on the current project The File menu contains the following items Item Description LJ New Create a new project Open Open existing project lzi Save Save the current project Save AS Assigns a new filename and file path for the current project Save Report As Save the report on the current project to a RTF file amp x Print Print a report on the current project Print Preview Display a report preview on the current project Print Setup Select the printer and change its properties Exit Exit the program Edit Men
71. parison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Show Nodes Show the specified points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the intensity curve Show Full Symmetry Way of displaying the luminous intensity curve in case of the rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Cartesian System Plot the curve of luminous intensity in the Cartesian coordinate system Polar System Plot the curve of luminous intensity in the polar coordinate system Fit View Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the window Properties Select an element corresponding to this viewport in the problem tree and show it s settings in the Properties window 64 User Interface Viewport Luminous Intensity Distribution Context M enu Item Description View Set a specific view for this viewport You can choose one of the options e Optical Scheme e LID of Source e luminous Intensity Distribution e lluminance Distribution e Ray Tracing Function Compare Problems Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Show Annotations Show annotations On Off Controls the display of bou
72. ports Viewport Ray Tracing Function Context M enu Item Description View Set a specific view for this viewport You can choose one of the options 67 User Interface Optical Scheme LID of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Ray Tracing Function Compare Problems current project Show Nodes Show the calculated points On Off Show Full Symmetry symmetry On Off Fit View Properties and show it s settings in the Properties window Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Controls the display of nodes on the ray tracing curve Way of displaying the ray tracing function in case of the rotational You can set the display for one or two half planes Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the window Select an element corresponding to this viewport in the problem tree Viewports Relationship Variables Some parameters can be displayed simultaneously in different viewport thus changing the parameter in one viewport affects its display on the other The table below shows the relationship between control elements in different viewports Viewport Parameter Optical Scheme Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Angle of reflection at the y y start reflector point
73. radiation are set Configure the window of data graphical displaying For ease of viewing the results provide options for displaying data as graphs in the windows with a custom configuration Run the calculation When you start calculating the profile of the reflector is calculated The data may be exported Designing Reflector in SHAPE File Edit View Project Help T za amp i e Synthesis PRT vi Qe BUNC Shape Project Ul Light Source Reflector By Illuminated Area A viewports E Optical Scheme EZ up of Source E Ray Tracing Function E Luminous Intensity Distribution Luminous Intensity Distribution ay Tracing Function gx Name Synthesis PRT Type of Problem Preliminary Reflector Symmetry Rotational Last Calculation 21 30 24 06 2013 Calculating Synthesis PRT 21 30 59 24 06 2013 Completed successfully id 4 gt n Messages Ready Fig User interface Reflector synthesis preliminary reflector design Parameters of the Light Source Input parameter Value The source type e Point e Line only for cylindrical symmetry The luminous intensity distribution a discrete array of points Interpolation of the curve e Linear e Spline To set the reflector simulation calculating with multiple light sources unlimited number is possible The center of sources can be displaced with respect to coordinates origin In case of rotational symmetry the sou
74. rce moves only along the axis of the reflector For cylindrical symmetry the displacement of the source is possible in the direction along and transverse the reflector s axis Designing Reflector in SHAPE 330 30 340 20 350 10 Fig Luminous intensity distribution of the light source I a cd kim Note when calculating the curve of the luminous intensity is normalized to a flux of 1000 Im Parameters of the Reflector Reflector simulation problem Input parameter Value Reflectance p e 0 1 Representation e Cartesian coordinates e polar coordinates e ray tracing function Discrete point representation Profile Z x R y a v discrete array of points Initial radius only for ray R e 0 10000 mm tracing function Curve interpolation e Linear e Spline Analytical representation Representation Paraboloid Ellipsoid Hyperboloid Spheroid 10 Initial radius Start angle Final angle Designing Reflector in SHAPE R e 0 10000 mm ys 0 360 yr e 0 360 Important When choosing the type of representation of the profile s curve is desirable to use the format of ray tracing function This is because the format compared with the representation in Cartesian or polar coordinates provides the greatest stability of calculation while searching for normal values at interpolation points of the profile That in turn has a direct impact on the accuracy of light values of
75. re matches the desired type the direction of maximum intensity angle of radiation Synthesis of the reflector is made based on a specified distribution of illuminance or luminous intensity the initial data on the reflector and the light source characteristics The solution to this problem may have several iterations using the simulation of the produced reflector In this case the criteria for completion of the design can be considered for example the manufacturability of the calculated reflector tolerance of the profile to aberrations or defocusing the maximum use of the light source flux Synthesis and Simulation of the Reflector Synthesis of the reflector involves finding a reflector shape for a specified light source Calculation is based on the prescribed light distribution in the illuminated area In the near field zone the distribution of the illuminance on the working plane is set The far field area is characterized by the distribution of luminous intensity of the given light optical 2 Introduction System of the lighting device Thus the limit values linear or angular coordinates are set for the illuminated area The light source is described by the distribution of luminous intensity which is set by the user Calculation can begin when the initial parameters of the reflector are specified the start and final angles and the initial radius of the profile There is a link between boundary values of the illuminate
76. rface E Example Reflector Simulation shp Shape telee File Edit View Projet Help Lu ul aa tu gt Reflector Synthesis Iz o Cs Problems B ME Intensity Distribution Dut of Date Shape j Reflector Simulation amp Light Source Reflector amp Illuminated Area cff Viewports 5 Optical Scheme E LID of Source E Luminous Intensity Distrit 5 Ray Tracing Function 3 Reflector Synthesis amp Light Source Reflector E Viewports E Luminous Intensity Distril Properties 2 5 Direct Light On TypeoftheL LID Light Distrib Out of Date Interpolation Linear StartAngle 42 954780 Final Angle 4 935180 Verifying cal Off Verifying No Manual Number Number of p 20 VerifyingLD Out of Date Output 5 53 Calculating Reflector Synthesis 23 56 02 06 07 2013 Completed successfully M 4 gt M Messages Ready Fig Controls in the Luminous Intensity Distribution viewport When dynamically changing the angles do not forget about the agreement of signs counting positive directions of angles are counted from negative half axis OZ counterclockwise For the rotational symmetry the boundary angles of the illuminated area are set only in one half plane If you move one of the boundary in the opposite half plane the second boundary is automatically moved into the same half plane In the synthesis problem the boundary angles of luminous intensity d
77. roblem It means that during the calculation the reflector s profile starts intersecting the working plane Recommendations Reduce initial radius or increase the distance up to the working plane Error 32 Cannot perform the reflector synthesis This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem It means that the synthesis of the reflector cannot be done with the specified initial conditions Recommendations Change the initial parameters of the optical system Error 350 Not enough memory Not enough memory to allocate the required arrays Recommendations Reduce the number of points on curves light distribution or profile Error 352 Not enough memory Cannot allocate arrays of the curve XXX Not enough memory to allocate the required arrays of the curve XXX Recommendations Reduce the number of points on the curve Error 1001 The direct light from a source exceeds the required light distribution This message relates to the synthesis problem It means that during the calculation process the program has found a critical area of illumination where the light value from the source exceeds the value of the prescribed light distribution Recommendations Exclude the direct light from the source Change boundaries of the illuminated area or the height of the luminous center to reduce the influence of direct light Change the desired shape of the light distribution curve 85 Messages Warning M essages Warn
78. roblem Add to the current project a new problem The problem is added to the end of the list Insert Copied Insert to the project a problem from the Clipboard The Problem problem is inserted before the selected problem Cut Cut the problem and put it on the Clipboard Copy Copy the selected problem to the Clipboard Paste Insert the problem in the project from the Clipboard Delete Delete the problem Properties Show the problem parameters in the Properties window Light Source Copy LID Copy the array data of the luminous intensity distribution of the light source to the Clipboard Paste LID Paste the array data of the luminous intensity distribution of the light source from the Clipboard Copy Copy to the Clipboard all the properties of the source Paste Paste from the Clipboard all the properties of the Source Properties Show the source parameters in the Properties window Reflector Copy Contour Copy to the Clipboard the array data of the reflector profile Paste Contour Paste from the Clipboard the array data of the reflector profile Copy Copy to the Clipboard all the properties of the reflector Paste Paste from the Clipboard all the properties of the reflector Properties View the reflector settings in the Properties window Illuminated Copy LID Copy to the Clipboard the array data of luminous Area intensity distribution of the optical system Paste LID Paste from the Clipboard the array data of luminous intensity distribution of the optical system Copy ID
79. sage relates to serious errors which in some cases may be associated with the imperfection of computational algorithms Error M essages Error 9 Arguments of the luminous intensity curve of the light source are not in an ascending order Arguments of the luminous intensity curve of the light source should be in strictly ascending order The range of arguments e rotational symmetry 0 180 deg e cylindrical symmetry 0 360 deg Recommendations Check the arguments of the curve Error 10 Invalid domain of luminous intensity curve of the light source Arguments of luminous intensity curve of the light source should be in the following range e rotational symmetry 0 180 deg e cylindrical symmetry 0 360 deg Recommendations Check the arguments of the curve Error 11 Negative value of the distance to the working plane The distance from the light source to the working plane should be a positive value 81 Messages Recommendations Correct value of the height Error 12 Illegal boundaries of the illuminated area for luminous intensity distribution This message relates to the case of calculating the luminous intensity of optical system when the specified boundaries of the illuminated area are more than 180 degrees Recommendations Correct the boundaries of illuminated area Error 13 Illegal boundaries of the illuminated area for the rotational symmetry This message relates to the case of rotational
80. symmetry The boundaries of illuminated area where calculation of light distribution takes place should be in the following ranges e luminous intensity distribution 90 0 or 090 deg illuminance distribution positive or negative values of coordinates on the working plane Recommendations Correct boundaries of illuminated area Error 14 Arguments of the light distribution curve are not in ascending order This message relates to the synthesis of the reflector Arguments of the light distribution curve should be in strictly ascending order Recommendations Check the arguments of the curve Error 15 Illegal domain of the light distribution curve This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem The specified boundaries of the illuminated area are outside the domain of the prescribed light distribution Recommendations Correct values of the boundaries or expand domain of the light distribution curve 82 Messages Error 17 Wrong values of boundary angles of the reflector This message relates to the reflector synthesis problem Incorrect values of boundary angles of the reflector are set The allowed range of polar angles e rotational symmetry 0 180 or 180 360 deg e cylindrical symmetry 0 360 deg Recommendations Correct the reflector angles Error 18 Start point of the reflector is below the working plane Start point of the reflector is specified below the working plane Recommendations
81. the calculated light distribution Reflector synthesis problem Input parameter Value Reflectance p 0 1 Start angle yse 0 360 Final angle yre 0 360 Initial radius R e 0 10000 mm The number of calculation points e Manual mode N e 5 10000 e Automatic mode Start and final angles of the reflector correlate with boundary coordinates of the illuminated area Thus it is possible to set a convergent or divergent scheme of ray tracing Z Reflector Tx M x z Fig The origin and direction of angles counting 11 Designing Reflector in SHAPE Yx Tx Fig Rotational symmetry AZ iz Tx Ix Fig Cylindrical symmetry Parameters of the Illuminated Area Reflector simulation problem Input parameter Value Direct light from the source e On e Off Type of light distribution e Luminous intensity e llluminance Luminous intensity distribution Boundary angles as a e 180 180 luminance distribution Distance to the working plane H e 50 50 m Boundary coordinates Xs X 50 50 m Number of calculation points N e 5 10000 12 Reflector synthesis problem Designing Reflector in SHAPE Input parameter Value Direct light from the source e On e Off Type of light distribution Luminous intensity distribution Luminous intensity curve Boundary angles Illuminance distribution Illuminance curve Dista
82. the desired direction To return to a state where the entire image is displayed in the window you can use the Fit View command from context menu or the button from the Project toolbar Viewport Optical Scheme Context M enu Item Description View Set a specific view for this viewport You can choose one of the options Optical Scheme LID of Source Luminous Intensity Distribution Illuminance Distribution Ray Tracing Function Compare Problems Comparison of initial and calculated data of various problems in the current project A window is open where you can specify problems to compare and customize the curves presentation color scale Show Annotations Show annotations On Off Controls the display of boundary incident and reflected rays of the reflector Also controls the display of boundaries of the working plane when calculating illuminance distribution Show Nodes Show the calculated points On Off Controls the display of nodes on the profile curve Show Working Plane Show the working plane On Off Only relevant when calculating illuminance distribution 62 User Interface Show Ray Tracing Show ray tracing incident on the reflector and reflected rays On Off Show Full Symmetry Way of displaying the optical system with rotational symmetry On Off You can set the display for one or two half planes Fit View Change the scale of the image so that it is fully inscribed in the window
83. ties as well as on the properties of the illuminated area The main objective of optical system optimization is to maximize system efficiency To do this the designer must define the criteria by which the optical system optimization will be optimized For example it may be the non uniformity of illuminance the coefficient of utilization of optical system the shape of the system s luminous intensity curve etc There can be defined three main optimization options related to separate parameters of optical System light source the choice of optimal luminous intensity distribution the number of light sources the position and orientation of the source with respect to the reflector e reflector setting up an optimal diameter of the opening e g for a lamp or a fixture dimensions and profile of the reflector assessment of aberrations impact Scheme of raystracing there is a relationship between the boundary reflected rays and dimensions of the illuminated area so that the scheme of the ray tracing can be convergent or divergent Consistent solution and precision of the optical system parameters will lead to the desired result SHAPE allows you to create multiple problems with different conditions and to display the results in graphical windows to compare the optimized parameters of the system and to choose the best option Choosing the Scheme of Ray Tracing Axially symmetrical profile This section is valid for the reflector sy
84. tionally open windows containing arrays of curves Properties n Direct Light On i Gy Compute LID Spline Start Angle deg 89 000000 Final Angle deg 89 000000 Number of points 51 Compute ID Start Coordinate m Final Coordinate m Number of points Height m Interpolation curve Off 5 000000 9 000000 30 8 000000 Specifies the interpolation of the light distribution Fig The Properties window 54 User Interface Problem Name Description Name Name of the problem set by the user Problem type Type of the problem Synthesis Simulation This parameter is set in the Problem Wizard and cannot be changed in the already created problem Symmetry Type of system symmetry Rotational Cylindrical Last calculation This parameter is set in the Problem Wizard and cannot be changed in the already created problem Time and date of the last calculation factsheet Light Source Common Properties Name Description Type of source LID luminous intensity distribution Interpolation Number Type of the light source Point Line Tabulated values of luminous intensity distribution of the light source matrix N x 2 Interpolation of the luminous intensity curve Linear Spline Number of light sources Available only for a simulation problem The center position available only for a simulation problem Name Description X Displacement
85. u View Project 2 Copy Ctrl C Help Edit Menu is used to cancel the last action as well as for operations with data Cut Copy Paste Delete The Edit menu contains the following items 72 User Interface Item Description Undo Undo the previous action Cut Cut the contents of the selected area and place it on the Clipboard 73 Copy Cut the contents of the selected area to the Clipboard Paste Insert the contents from the Clipboard Delete Delete data View Menu Project Help Toolbars and Docking Windows v Standard V Status Bar iv Project Application Look gt v Problems 4 ZoomIn v Properties BER Zoom Out iv Output Fit View 2 ja Customize EH Maximized View a Equal Split The View menu has the following items View Menu is used to show hide the toolbars and windows as well as to select the style of the main frame This menu activates deactivates the maximization of the selected viewport and allows you to restore the size of the graphic windows to the default state It also allows to change the magnification of a view Item Sub menus Description Toolbars and Docking Y Project Show Hide the Project toolbar PASOS V standard Show Hide the Standard toolbar V Problems Show hide the Problems window Y Properties Show hide the Properties window Y Output Show hide the Output window Customize Open the window of g
86. uter reflected rays do not intersect Change of the scheme has led to a change in the reflector shape and its dimensions Also there have appeared limitations for the maximum size of the light source for its position with respect to the reflector s focus 36 Optimization File Edit View Project Help T EE Sa o 9x mm S Reflector Synthesis Convergent U Light Source Reflector By Illuminated Area P3 Viewports Reflector Synthesis Divergent A Light Source Reflector By Illuminated Area P Viewports 9x Name Shape Project Calculating Reflector Synthesis 22 46 25 24 06 2013 Completed successfully MO gt Hn NMessages Ready Fig Graphical window with optical scheme for two solutions red line the convergent scheme of ray tracing blue line divergent scheme of ray tracing Conclusion Correctly choosing the ray tracing scheme provides a more technological solution of the profile Simulating Aberrations This section is relevant for the reflector simulation Input data Input parameter Value The type of the problem Reflector Synthesis The symmetry system Cylindrical Type of light distribution Illuminance Distribution The light source parameters The light source type Line The luminous intensity Uniform distribution of the source 37 The source position e Coordinate X e Coordinate Z The illuminated area parameters Initial c

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