Keypoints Manual
Contents
1. oh A h N 4 Ed y Q Y M Grid gt o X 292 443mm Y 8 344mm Z 22 378mm Circle Measure ol X 6 579 Y 8 694 Z 10 648 Controler Status OK Aberlink 3d 0K AD B0 5 1 C1 R1 Machine State 15 19 Sram IRA Mace sharana Navira Art I _ PAstart w e a cnc CMM 80 y Aberlink3D Microsoft Vis We aberink 3D Software Se pcdi jpg Paint yTrsining Aberlink 3D GOs 15 19 Aberlink 3D Software Construction x us une amena ans points using the your CMM Please choose one for the following click on Construct button construction options The Circle Measure window will shrink down to a small box at the bottom of the PCD screen Gauge circle of fixed diameter Now click on one of the circles in the array The circle will turn pink and a prompt will appear on the screen Click on PCD then click on OK and the prompt will disappear Now click on all the other circles in the array We now need to bring the circle measure window back onto the screen Click on the right hand end of the shrunken box to do this 24 TI Aberlink 3D Software easurement Custom Utilities Stylus Help JOS MEE SUD ko Bow wo MA 10 2 Click on the right hand end of the shrunken box to open window Sewer E RA i N s 2e d M Grid 4 9 x 292 443mm y 8 344mm Circle Measure fe Z 22 378mm X 6 579 Y 8 694 Z 10 648 Controler Status OK Aberlink 3d O2. harara an 015 972 i i O 0 005 eiZ 0 000mm 10903 CO 0 000 69 001 7 617 Z 19 331 Controler Status OK Aberlink 3D OK A BO 3 1 C R1 Machine State 10 06 None of these geometric tolerance values will by default be displayed on the graphical representation of the component that is built up during the inspection l Ip To display on the screen all geometric tolerance values relevant to the inspection simply click on the Geometric Tolerance button The geometric tolerance values that are relevant to the measurements on the screen will now be displayed To display the geometric tolerances that are relevant to any particular feature for instance flatness of a plane straightness of a line click twice on that feature and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and click The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen 50 true position and maximum material condition of circles can be displayed and datum symbols attached to features X28 033 YO 5 0 Z 10 731 B D 0 13210 D C B Note that the Geometric Tolerance button will switch on and off all geometric tolerances If you wish to turn off selected tolerances only this can be done in the Dimension Details window for that tolerance 32 0 Geometric Characteristic Symbols 32 1 Straightness A condition where all points are in a straig
3. occcoccccccncccccncccnnocinancncnnns 35 23 0 Displaying a Feature as a Datum ooccoccocccncconcconcccnonnnonnonnnnnronnnnnnnanonos 36 24 0 Displaying the position of a Circle Point or Sphere 008 37 25 0 Dimensioning between two Lines or Planes ccesseseeeeeeeeeeeees 38 26 0 DIMENSIONING tO a COME occoncocccocccnnccnncocnnonnnonnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrennnennrnanenanenans 38 27 0 Setting Nominal Values and Tolerances for Dimensions 39 28 0 Geometrical Tolerances cccscceseceseeeeeeneeeeseneeeeeseeesenseenseneseneeaaes 41 29 0 Recalling a measured Unit ooococcocccccconnocccnanoncconnocnnnnnonnonnnonrnannnnenanonos 41 30 0 Printing The ROSUNS ciciciinraia a tii 42 301 Oraphie PONE OS i 44 30 ZN AID NALCO UNIS ea 44 305 Tabulated DIMENSION isis ioees 45 31 0 Geometrical Tolerances Summary ccoocccccconcnonanonanonanonnnnancnnconaronnnnannonars 49 31 1 Introduction to Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing 49 31 2 Geometric Tolerancing in Aberlink ocococccoccconiccnconncocncocnnonononos 50 32 0 Geometric Characteristic SyMbolS ooococcccnnnccnnocccocncnanenanenanonnonanonans 51 A o nn A 52 923 ROUNaness OF CIrcUlari ty Ada 52 320 CYIMONICIVY errada indeed 52 IL Monadas 53 2 AN Uta Mad aae india 53 32 0 9d Ua I S sa cari 54 SL ONCE rita 54 32 10 Total IX UNOUN ripara a EER 54 32 1L re POSON tnie a a a a 56 32 11 1 True Position relative t
4. 16 004 3000 46 14 991 29 50 53 14 992 30 00 15 14 990 30 00 56 14 906 29 50 40 15 014 300442 11 966 200330 16 000 2259 50 11 994 2001 00 15 007 01038 11 946 90 15 34 14 996 3000 97 11 961 200023 14 992 27 50 29 11 961 200029 11 993 20 01 11 11 996 20 01 34 11 968 59 50 34 12 006 595947 12 007 2001 10 11 962 595939 i i 33 997 16 990 35 966 16 978 E o E oo 5 33 940 16 966 33 960 16 979 33 953 16 952 ULL I eeek RRE REREN aaa Mere temno ESA A EA as Ss ESA AAA EA OS ee lf when measuring a batch of components using the Play function with SPC All Components ticked on the Aberlink 3D software will collect all the measured data for the entire batch These values can be printed out ina single report using this option Note that any dimensions out of tolerance will be shown in red 48 31 0 Geometrical Tolerances Summary 31 1 Introduction to Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing GD amp T is a universal language of symbols GD amp T symbols allow a Design Engineer to precisely and logically describe part features in a way they can be accurately manufactured and inspected GD amp T is expressed in the feature control frame Figure 1 The feature control frame is like a basic sentence that can be read from left to right For example the feature control frame ill
5. 9 0 Plane and Two Circles Alignment Measure a circle 2 in one of the small bores in the top face Press Measure a plane 1 on the top face press Set Ref button this is Set Ref button this now your origin zero point now your Primary alignment Construct a line 4 joining the centres of the two circles 2 and 3 Press the Set Ref button this is now your secondary alignment Measure a circle 3 in the opposite small bore in the top face Do not press the Set Ref button 1 Measure a plane on the top of the block by clicking on the Plane Measure button when the Plane Measure window opens take four points on the top face Plane 1 Press the Set Ref button this will align the Z axis 90 to the measured plane this is our Primary alignment then click OK 2 Measure a circle one of the small bores by clicking on the Circle Measure button When the Circle Measure window opens take four points in one of the small bores circle 1 Press the Set Ref button this now is your origin zero point 3 Measure the small bore opposite the one you just measured by clicking on the Circles Measure button when the Circle Measure window opens take four points circle 2 Do not press the Set Ref button as we are going to use this circle to construct a line 4 The last thing we are going to do is to align the Y axis of the cmm to a constr
6. 003 384 Z 003 383 Notes 39 When printing out inspection reports using Tabulated Dimensions it is possible to print out nominal values and hence measured error and tolerance bands and hence pass fail statements If no nominal value has been set for a dimension then the software will use the measured value rounded to the parameter defined in the Machine Set up Here it is also possible to set the default tolerance lf however you wish to set a nominal value or tolerance band other than that defaulted to this can be done by right clicking on the relevant dimension This will bring up the Dimension Details window as follows ae Dimension Details Now the nominal dimension and tolerances can be set Current Measurement Unt 2 Between3 amp 3 Measured Dimension identifier 1 mm Circle True Position Nominal Dimension 10 000 Dim Error by simply typing over the default values that the software has selected Geometric Tolerance Tolerance Length Geometric Limit Display Layer Show Error y Datums Iei la Add Clear Tolerance Mominal Actual x 30000 30 000 M 50 000 sooo i z 0000 0 000 Yo MME D Note that if the measured dimension falls outside of the tolerance band set the background of the measured dimension value will become red When you OK this window and return to the main screen the dimension leader lines will also appear re
7. vw X B 772 34 935 Z 12 612 Controller Status Servo error standstill Y Axis Aberlink 3d StopProgramFlag 3 18 24 AStart 41 lt 3 3 aberlink 3D S GyjControl Panel E Inspection Results EA 18 24 Geometric Tolerance button must be switched on 35 Now select the same feature again The outline of a single dimension leader line will appear on the screen and this can be positioned anywhere on the screen by moving the cursor When it is at a convenient position left click the mouse and the diameter will now appear on the screen If you wish to display the straightness of a line or the flatness of a plane on the main screen simply click on the feature twice like calling up the diameter of a circle then move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen before clicking to place the geometric tolerance Note that the 23 0 Displaying a Feature as a Datum If a feature has previously been set as a datum it can be shown on the main E aax screen by attaching gt a datum symbol to that feature To do BSD g a Ww BS oe il this simply click on ae the feature twice de like calling up the diameter of a circle then move the cursor to white space on the screen and right a click This will bring o up a menu on the Wie oa screen as follows a Note that if the feature has not been set as a datum then ay the Datum option will be greye
8. IE IR FR IA IO II 20 EZ A E coool Sid A AAA AAA AAA S S S IEC AMES AI IAE IIA IATA E CC IE FE IO IO EZ EC EEC IEA ACT IE EE A IE E lt i DINOS IO IM MIE IE mann IO IT O IR E IAS IO II 20 E AC A ECT AC IR E FR a SIN RO IO tn sae EEES O 0000 of 1 A E COO O e a o ICE IS IO IE Fae EZ A E oof AAA A O e e ie e e ea rr e DON DOE ME ET IR IR IE II IC IO IE FE End 2 01 End 201 Pol CF Dinamic iT Didnesrdiiewny M iliresrdiiewn DEl ajo Page 1 1 Print 30 3 Tabulated Dimensions The dimensions that have been added to a part inspection can be printed in tabulated form This is often more useful than printing Tabulated Units as these dimensions should be the same as on the original component drawing When printing Tabulated Dimension reports it is possible to select what information is printed in the report using the check boxes in the Print window Note Unless you have typed in the value of the nominal and tolerance for each dimension the nominal values shown will be the measured values rounded to the rounding tolerance given in the Machine Set Up and all tolerances applied will be the default _ 45 Print Preview x Ayvening Mill ABERLINK Ltd lt E Ges GLS eLULK Drawing No ABC 123 Order No Date 25Jan0 Title Test Piece Serial No 123 Customer VIP Ltd Material A e A en Se tere Dee ee Jee ewer ee oe ee 55r betezen Ue ond tne 85000 saso ooi sawo saoeof Fon
9. X axis of the component Z 11 The axis of the cylinder defines both the rotations about and the translations along the Y and Z axes This can be a useful technique for defining the orientation and position for turned components 8 0 Basic 3 2 1 2 Alignment To measure a block type component like the Aberlink testpiece 1 Measure at least four points on top face Primary Alignment 1 Measure a plane on the top of the block by clicking on the Plane Measure button When the Plane Measure window opens take four points on the top face Plane 1 Press the Set Ref button this will align the Z axis 90 to the measured plane this is our Primary alignment then click OK 2 Next measure a line along the side of the block by clicking on the Line measure button When the Line Measure window opens take three points along the side of the part Line 2 Press the Set Ref button this will rotate the axes system to align the Y axis to the side of the part this is our secondary alignment then click OK 3 The last thing we need to do is to measure a line along the back face of the part by clicking on the Line Measure button when the Line Measure window opens take three points along the back face of the part Line 3 Press the Set Ref button this will create an origin zero point in the corner where the two lines intersect each other on the top face then click OK Notes 12
10. a constructed line press the Set Ref button and then click OK to align the Y axis along the constructed line The component is now aligned true to the centre line of the 100mm cylinder Primary Alignment with the Y axis going through the 10mm hole Secondary Alignment with the X Y Z axes zeroed where the cylinder meets the top face 15 11 0 Drive shaft aligning along shaft s centre line Place the shaft on the cmm table with the shaft facing down the table along the Y axis CMM Table As main datum is the centre line of the shaft we need to align the Y axis of the cmm to the centre line to do this 1 Click on the measure Plane Button when the Measure Plane window opens take four points on one end of the shaft click OK this is plane 1 2 Click on the measure Circle Button when the measure circle window opens take four points around the end of the shaft by plane one circle 2 is automatically projected into plane 1 Press the Set Ref button this sets the XYZ datum on this end of the shaft Zero point click OK 3 Repeat this process for the other end of the shaft but do not press the Set Ref button this time you now have one plane and one circle at each end of the shaft we can make a centre line by joining these two circles together constructed and by pressing Set Ref this is our Primary alignment 4 Todo this click on the measure Line Button when t
11. it is advisable to observe the print preview before continuing with the print This will confirm exactly what will be printed especially useful if key dimensions are close to the edge of the view If all necessary dimensions are not on the print preview then re zoom the view in the software and recheck the print preview w Print Preview x 611 993 70 003 14 999 eo M 33 976 a 0 059 di 30 01 02 90 04 11 16 978 ME E Testers Betas ABERLINK Ltd Rese me WIpLtd Pe aaa esana E ere Aaminin e O 30 2 Tabulated Units This routine will print the properties of the units that have been inspected e g for a circle unit it s centre co ordinates and diameter will be printed or for a line unit the start and end co ordinates will be printed as well as it s directional vector In order for these co ordinates to have any real meaning the part origin must have been defined by referencing the appropriate features 44 Print Preview x Ayvening Mill ABERLINK Ltd lt E P salsa Drawing No ABC 123 Order No Date 25Jan0 Title Test Piece Serial No 123 Customer VIP Ltd Material A e eee ee ee ee Pomes ee ee eee eee Oo Pf ARE IA ooo ffm AAA AAA AAA AAA E AMA S al lime 54 970 326 396 oooof ooo s ay omsp po pop esoo m e eon omona Como CO poo So series vom oof tooo oo oo AI IMEI IE IET AE IET IS EE IS f EZ AE IR IE EE A IS E FE p IO MET IES IE E IE A
12. the working plane to project the point into and click OK Y Axis X Axis 1 Next we are going to construct a datum at the point where the cylinder meets the plane X Y datum centre of cylinder Z datum on top plane Click on the measure Point Button when the measure point window opens click on the Construct Button then select the plane by left clicking on it in the graphic window you will now see a window asking you if you want to construct a intersection point click YES select the cylinder by left clicking it in the graphic window you have now constructed a point press the Set Ref and then click OK this zeros X Y and Z axes 2 The last thing we need to do Is to align the Y axis through one of the 10mm holes Click on the measure Circle Button when the measure circle window opens take 4 points in the 10mm hole at the 12 o clock position then click OK you now have a 10mm circle in our working plane We are now going to align the Y axis of the cmm via a constructed line between the datum point and the 10mm hole Click on the measure Line Button when the measure line window opens click on the Construct Button then select the datum point by left clicking on it in the graphic window you will now see a window which asks you if you want to construct a line between two points click YES Select the circle in the same way by left clicking on it in the graphic window you now have
13. treated as single points in space with all dimensions being to their centre You can use the Max or Min options in the Dimension Details window to measure to the outside or inside of a circle Cylinders are treated as a 3 dimensional line along their axes When dimensioning between two lines or cylinders etc the order of their selection is important Cones may be treated either as a line along it s axes or as a point at its apex depending on whether the cone is selected as the first or second feature When linearly dimensioning a feature to a plane or a line the dimension will be perpendicular to the plane or line When dimensioning between two planes or lines the order of their selection is important 26 17 0 Selecting Features When bringing up dimensions on the screen it is necessary to select the features that you wish to dimension in the graphical representation To select a feature left click on the dark blue outline of the feature Make sure that at the point that you click on the feature there are no other overlapping features within the selection box T Aberlink 3D Software File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus eo eee ee Undo undoes last action ie last feature measured last dimension or last item erased gt El DO X 448 022 Y 046 071 Z 067 341 Note You cannot select a 3 dimensional feature by clicking on t
14. 123 Customer VIP Ltd Material AA e amina 0 000 ooo owo gt O nominal aeo ooo ooo e AO AR onal acall E AR ono q SS a GG E E tiamina 6 052 0 05 0000 Nominall 5977 io 000 IMC IMEI 10 05 onal acuall sor oe ooo Ce a ee er ee a es amina 05m ose onal nominall 03 0397 000 DOME IMEI AAN IA AO IO 7 A ARETES IT a e O a e A AAA NE SA E E amina eo 30377 onal _ nominal 0 020 ooa ooo e E E E onal actual EC ACT o anof A AAA 30 5 Feature Profile As a feature is inspected the fit of the individual points to the theoretical shape is shown in the picture box on the right side of the measurement window If enough points are taken then a useful representation of the true surface is built up This picture can be printed using the feature profile routine When you click ous ABERLAKLTD TS e apa e Pe a E on Print or Print Preview buttons the software asks to click on the feature you wish to print 47 Aberlink 3D Software Printers Please click on the feature to be printed When you click on OK the feature profile will be displayed as above 30 6 Multiple Components Avening Mill Avening Glos GLE BLU UK gt oJ m AJ Z A m o ABC 123 6 Jan O1 Title Y Customer IP Ltd tem Ho Diren 16 978 16 981 16 980 16 978 16 978 16 976 234 luminiur nspector imen Al 14 999 S30 01 02
15. 206 0 000 BOO 0 ba Al gt The Plane button If you wish you can project the circle into a plane other than that chosen by the software If you press the button you can choose which of orthogonal planes to project the circle into By clicking on the appropriate XY XZ or YZ button that defines the plane you want you can also project the circle in to any other relevant plane that has previously been measured 20 Take four points evenly spaced around the circumference of the central bore The depth of the measurement points does not matter as long as at least half the ball is below the surface of the workpiece so that the measurements are taken using the full circumference of the ball These measurement points inside the hole will be projected on to the reference plane Top Face to produce a 2 dimensional circle e lf you take a bad point use the re take button to delete the last point taken e A pictorial representation of the circle will appear in the window after three points and be updated after the fourth The X Y and Z values tabulated next to the graphic represent the X Y and Z positions of the centre of the circle As no feature on the workpiece has yet been datumed the X and Y co ordinates for the circle will be referenced to the machine zero The D value given represents the circle diameter e lf you are happy with your circle click on the OK button you can now see your circle in the
16. 50 Display Layer 7 Show Error Diaturns fc a 6 fe Adi clear Tolerance Mominal Actual Limit Tol A 10 392 10 332 6 00 Y 6 000 6 045 If Joor F 0 000 0 000 MO MME clin center e RER DK wh E Enter the bottom limit for the diameter here MMC bonus tolerance is show here the bigger the hole the bigger the positional tolerance Click to get the two MMC boxes to appear True position of circle from datum B with MMC When you return to the main screen the MMC symbol will be present and the true position value will be adjusted by the bonus tolerance X 10 332 Y6 045 40 000 0 149 0 C A B 32 12 Symmetry The condition where the median points of all opposed elements of two or more feature surfaces are congruent with the axis or centre plane of a datum feature 60 If the geometric tolerance button is switched on the symmetry between two features and a centre line will be displayed automatically underneath each dimension in the graphic window In Aberlink 3D the symmetry result is calculated from three features the centre line feature A and the mid point B between two other features the difference between the mid point and the centre line feature is displayed as symmetry under both dimensions in the graphic window 10 000 61 32 13 Profiles A tolerancing method of controlling irregular surfaces lines arcs a or no
17. ABERLINK 83 Innovative Metrology ABERLINK 3D MKIIl MEASUREMENT SOFTWARE PART 1 MANUAL VERSION COURSE TRAINING NOTES a Print Preview Cone Measure E ABC 123 Order No VIP Ltd Material oof saso oon tine moo esra ome m10 14 900 arar aworo oor soro 2990 r _ S eoo onos 0007 12100 11 900 ros ona oon sworn 000 orooof eo re 0 09 O sso o oom res _ k i E WL m Dimension Details Current Measurement 10 5mm between Circle and Line hoso mf KEY Mean bminal Sto Dev ABERLINKLTD EASTCOMBE GLOS GL67DY UK INDEX 1 0 Introduction to CMM measurement c ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneseneeeesenesenes 4 2 0 Preparation and general hints for solving measurement problems 4 3 0 Starting UP your Machine oonccccconccnncccononcnnnncnanonanenanonnronnrnnnrnanenarennnnnnnnns 5 3 1 Referencing the machine oocccoccccncoccconocononcncncncnnnnnnnonconononanonanonnnnanenono 5 3 2 To reference the Machine occooccccccoccconoconononconncnnnnnnnonconanocanonanonnnnanenono 9 40 Prob Calibre 7 AV BACK OIOUING erat T 5 0 Aligning your Parts eiii a ea 9 5 1 Example of traditional part alignment using a surface table straight edge and DIAS sorron AAA IAE 9 6 0 Aligning parts using a CMM occocccccconcnoncnonccnnnonononanonaronanonannnnnnaronnnnnnnnas 9 120 ALIGHIMENtE
18. CMM is a very accurate instrument Paper Clip 004m and in the right circumstances a cmm is capable of measuring to within a few microns this is a very small v Human Hair 70um value So how small is a Straight Pin 5001 m UPL2 Wire 204um Micron Well here is the answer Red Blood Cell 8jum A micron short for EDGE Micro Electrode um micrometre is a unit of measurement Pl equal to one millionth of a metre A micron is actually 1 millionth 0 000001 of a meter or 0 000039 of an Inch How big is a Micron To give you some idea a human hair is 40 to 120 microns in diameter Because we are measuring to such a high accuracy the machine location and it s environment is very important and has an influential effect on the measured result If the temperature is too high the parts will expand or if the temperature low the parts will shrink by different amounts depending on the material they are made from D Aberlink 3D can compensate for this within the software by clicking on the User Definable Parameters Button top of the screen then clicking on the General Tab Automatic temperature compensation is available as an upgrade Please enquire to Aberlink for further information 18 set up Details Fef Ball CNE Offsets If you wish to compensate for Units Display Feature Points Company General temperature then measurement results are recalculated to what they w
19. K AD BO S1 C1 R141 Machine State 15 19 Shan DISH Mace sharana Novirao priwerk 2 3 Training Aberlink 3D BOS 1519 Start AS CNC CMM 80 Aberlink3D Microsoft Vis Aberlink 3D Software pcd1 jpg Paint Gal The window will reappear with a circle now constructed through the array Click on OK To close the window and return to the main screen Notes 25 16 0 Bring up Dimensions on the Screen One of the nice features of the Aberlink 3D software is that the dimensions for the measured component can be brought up on it s graphical representation in the same way as they are shown on the component s engineering drawing Wer is GUESS lc arde a v To bring up the _ dimensions onto the screen all you have to Ss 16992 do is select the features that you wish to measure between by left mouse clicking on their graphical 8 representation If the ple software doesn t default to the type of measurement that you want horizontal aligned _ 0 004 29 309 54 998 etc then you will also have to select the correct dimension type In most cases the order in which you select the features will make no difference The instances in which the order of selection does make a difference are highlighted later in this chapter It is important to grasp the following principles when bringing up dimensions 1 Circles and spheres are
20. asurement points or changing its reference status Each measured unit can be recalled by right clicking on the graphical representation of the feature in the main screen 41 30 0 Printing the Results Whenever you wish to produce a hard copy of inspection results the print function is used This will bring up the following window Print 25 Jan 01 L L 0511515151514 lt 1 All inspection reports will be printed with a border around them which can contain information about the part being inspected This information can be entered in the border details frame Note that you are able to modify the information titles at this screen The date is entered by default Your company name and address as entered in the Software Set Up will also be printed on each page There are six different types of inspection report that you can select e Graphic Details prints results in the same form as the graphic display e an XY XZ YZ or isometric view of the component and dimensions e Tabulated Units prints the details of the each feature similar to the information in the measure window of that feature e Tabulated Dimensions prints all dimensions that are added to the report from the current or previous inspections 42 e Point Positions prints the co ordinates of points and the co ordinates and size of circles e Feature Profile prints the graphical representation of how well the individual points taken
21. aying it s diameter as described above Now right click in white space to bring up the following menu Y Aberlink 3D Software You can now select the option that you desire Note that the position of the circle will be relative to the datum position selected on the component being measured Ti Aberlink 3D Software 5 xl ga AA gt a Tel Display Layers allows specified features and dimensions to be shown and hidden X5 998 Y10 398 20 000 0 204 37 e 25 0 Dimensioning between two Lines or Planes A linear dimension may be produced between two lines or planes by attaching the dimension to the first line or plane selected and extending it either perpendicularly for an aligned dimension or horizontally or vertically for horizontal and vertical dimensions until it reaches the mid point of the second one If the lines or planes are not parallel different dimensions will be achieved depending on which line or plane is selected first The value for run out is calculated by projecting perpendicular construction lines from the first selected line to meet the ends of the second line The run out will be the difference between these two values A Selecting the long line first B Selecting the short line first The first line selected in effect becomes the reference line for the measurement If you are measuring the distance between a long line and a short line it will be better to select the lo
22. btain the feature desired If you know the number SA aan SIC a e o oo oaoa sa te ora tiaros Of the feature that you require to select simply type it in over the existing number and then click on it So that you don t have to memorise the order that the features are gl 5 s taken in when the S X 031 382 feature number is selected the graphical BS a Y 357 572 A representation of that en o feature will become af 2 Z 095 063 red 28 12 Aberlink 3D Software File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus O gt E E amp mn gt a me 2 dxf amp Cocr nat display to zero a read out click on the panel this has no effect on measurements or referances Left click on any part of the view that you are dimensioning in even the white background or on top of another feature Hs and the highlighted X 031 386 feature will be a selected w Y 357 569 N D 2 da ma m 2 Z 095 063 The Feature Select button will only work to select a feature once If you need to select the same feature twice for instance to display the diameter of a circle simply click on the red number again to re highlight that feature This removes the necessity to use the right and left arrows to move off and return to the desired feature Now left click in the view again to re select the f
23. ce must lie within the specified runout tolerance zone 0 001 full indicator movement when the part is rotated 360 about the datum axis anywhere along the cylinder s length The top of the cylinder must lie within the specified runout tolerance zone 0 001 full indicator movement when the part is rotated 360 about the datum axis anywhere along the top of the cylinder 55 32 11 True Position A positional tolerance defines a zone in which the centre axis or P centre plane is permitted to vary from true theoretically exact y position Basic dimensions establish the true position from datum features and between interrelated features A positional tolerance is total permissible variation in location of a feature about it s exact location For cylindrical features such as holes and outside diameters the positional tolerance is generally the diameter of the tolerance zone in which the axis of the feature must lie For features that are not round such as slots and tabs the positional tolerance is the total width of the tolerance zone in which the centre plane of the feature must lie To display the True Position of a point or circle left click twice on that point or circle then right click this produces a drop down menu
24. creen where you would like to site the dimension and click for a third time The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen Also true position and maximum material condition of circles can be displayed and datum symbols attached to features as described above Note that the Geometric Tolerance button will switch on and off all geometric tolerances If you wish to turn off selected tolerances only this can be done in the Dimension Details window for that tolerance 34 22 0 Dimensioning Circles The diameter of a circle sphere or a cylinder may be brought up on the screen as follows Select the circle sohere or cylinder as previously described If correctly selected the feature will turn pink Note You cannot select a cylinder by clicking on the grey lines that indicate it s depth 2 Aberlink 3D Software Eile Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus o E 3 mn gt K gt ie x def A cnc el E O to zero a read out click on the panel this has no effect on measurements 919 983 O 0 014 e gt X 225 775 Y 369 956 O Z 001 008 gt uO A GUE SI Alle y v o 22 1 Displaying the form of a Line or a Plane i Aberlink 3D Software _ lex File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus eg OSES Kw Desc GD ES eps 4 A peso cee GUE DB AKA B oe PS
25. ct position values have been entered Right click on the green dimension line attached to the position information to bring up the dimension details window 58 P Dimension Details Current Measurement Unit 5 Between 6 amp 6 Measured Dimension Identifier jimm Circle True Position Mominal Dimension 6 000 Dim Error 0 0277 Eoo bor 7 Geometric Tolerance E Tolerance Length IN Geometric Limit Display Layer Show Error Tolerance Morminal Actual x fiz1o0 fiz0sa m Y 0 000 0 026 e E Fig 17 0 10 True position of circle from datum B The position of the circle is at the bottom of the details section If you change these nominal values the true position value will change accordingly Note that these values are relative to the datum position on the component being measured 32 11 2 Maximum Material Condition The maximum material condition for a hole can also be displayed if required Again in the dimension details window tick the MMC box This will make two further boxes appear In the top box type the minimum allowable diameter for the hole The lower box will then be automatically filled in with the bonus tolerance due to the MMC 59 EA Dimension Details Current Measurement Unit 5 Measured Dimension Identifier Mominal Dimension Dim Error Geometric Tolerance Tolerance Length Between 3942439 femm Circle True Position 6 050 0 023 Ja NS Geometric Limit 0 0
26. d on the perpendicular squareness between two lines or planes will be displayed automatically underneath the angle in the graphic window E 900705 cono ano ola nor ooo o sake PPP 32 9 Concentricity The axes of all cross sectional elements of a surface of revolution are common to the axis of the datum feature Concentricity tolerance specifies a cylindrical tolerance zone whose axis coincides with the datum axis To display the concentricity of two circles click on the first and then on the second circle an outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and click The geometric tolerance will appear on the screen 32 10 Total Run out Provides composite control of all surface elements The tolerance applied simultaneously to circular and longitudinal elements as the part is rotated 360 degrees Total Run out controls cumulative variation of circularity cylindricity straightness coaxiality angularity taper and profile when it is applied to surfaces constructed around a datum axis When it is applied to surfaces constructed at right angles to a datum axis it controls cumulative variations of perpendicularity and flatness _ 54 In Aberlink 3D it s possible to display the Total Runout between two cylinders lines or between a cylinder line and a plane perpendicular to the cylinder The cylinder s surfa
27. d on the graphical representation Printing out a tabulated dimensions report it will be possible to show the nominal value the error the upper and lower tolerances and also a pass fail statement 40 28 0 Geometrical Tolerances Where relevant the geometric tolerance applicable to each measurement unit e g roundness of circles straightness of lines will be displayed underneath the graphical representation of that unit i Aberlink 3D Software 9 x File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus 8 b E E 3 ag gt E dxf a bee orc 1 SIRIS M O 93 A IN Measurement window used while selecting construction features To restore window click E El Refresh 324 010 211 927 34 997 Coon VA0 017 bot 15 013 y PROPANO 34 030 7710004 30 00 33 2 89 58 29 5 926 X5 994Y 10 397 Z0 000 16 996 010 059 0 073 c A h IS 2 Y QA cna A S 4 0 X 59 335 40 899 Z 17 910 Controller Status Servo error standstill Y Axis Aberlink 3d StopProgramFlag 3 19 10 AStart 4 E 3 BAberlink 3D S ByControl Panel ES Inspection Results Juntitled Paint ito 19 10 Additionally the True Position and Maximum Material Condition for circles may be obtained as described above 29 0 Recalling a measured Unit When you OK a measurement unit and the software returns to the main screen displaying this measured unit it is not too late to modify the unit by adding or deleting me
28. d out PS v X 11 508 Y 15 303 2 8 453 Controller Status Servo error standstill Y Axis Aberlink 3d StopProgramFlag 3 AStart 4 3 A aberlink 3D S GyControl Panel ES Inspection Results Juntitled Paint AE 18 26 Assuming that the feature has previously set as a datum select the Datum option and the outline of a datum symbol will appear Now move the cursor to a convenient position before clicking again to display the datum symbol on the screen t Aberlink 3D Software Le x File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus Note that if the cursor IS Over a previously measured feature when you right click instead of over white space then that unit will also be recalled and you will have to OK that unit again before continuing eweo GUE SE AKA B PS v X 0 457 30 427 Z 13 846 Controller Status Servo error standstill Y Axis Aberlink 3d StopProgramFlag 3 18 27 g Start E 3 3 Eaberlink 3D S GyControl Panel E Inspection Results Juntitled Paint HARE 18 27 Note also that the Datum symbols can only be displayed if the Geometric Tolerance button is switched on 36 24 0 Displaying the position of a Circle Point or Sphere The position of a circle point or sphere can be displayed either as it s Cartesian or it s polar co ordinates together with it s geometrical tolerance for true position Select the circle twice as though displ
29. eature 19 0 Aligned Dimensions 19 1 3D Dimensional An aligned dimension can be described as either the shortest distance between two points in space or as the perpendicular distance between a line or cylinder or plane and a point If the 2 features being dimensioned are not in the same plane this will produce a 3 dimensional aligned dimension When selecting any two features the software will automatically default to producing a 3 dimensional aligned dimension Care must therefore be taken if the features are in different planes as the dimension produced may look like a 2 dimensional distance when shown in one of the 2 dimensional X 448 068 s i Y 046 075 de 0 Z 067 341 29 12 Aberlink 3D Software s AS 046 071 30 These leader lines can be positioned at any length on either side of the features by moving the cursor on the screen When they are ata convenient position click for a third time The aligned dimension will now appear Note that as the 2 circles being dimensioned are in different planes the aligned dimension is 3 dimensional This is best shown by bringing up the same dimension in the other two views 19 2 2D Dimensional Select the two circle features as before but this time before placing the dimension on the screen IAN semi Right click with the A LIA ow we ION Laje mouse this w
30. ening Information G Constructing an intersection or points on a feature e Click on OK and then click on the second feature Now the Point Measure window will automatically reappear The graphics part of the window and the Points Fit box will of course be blank but the X Y and Z co ordinates of the constructed point will be displayed in red DD ie e You may now click on OK or Set Ref as appropriate as for any point The screen will now return to the Main Screen and the point will form a part of the graphical representation 1 Aberlink 3D Software lej x al A fees Point calculates the position of intersection of features i e two lines in a plane 2D point or a line ES yo 3D point and a plane 3D Notes 23 15 0 Step by step guide for construction of an P C D We are now going to show you how to construct a P C D made up of six circles Click on the Circle Measure button from the main window This brings up the Circle Measure window T Aberlink 3D Software PE 218 x Fie Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus Help rai D De Be el amp ay gt ke def a By SPC eo ZAKA er ES uiel s 7 Refresh Line measures the position of a line or edge referenced to a plane Aberlink 3D Software Construction Please choose one for the following construction options PCD Gauge circle of fixed diameter
31. ensions 21 1 3D Dimensional Angles Angular dimensions may be created between two lines or two planes or between a line and a plane Any combination of these features will create an included angle which may be dimensioned irrespective of the alignment of the component As with aligned dimensions if the features are not in the same plane the angle created will be 3 dimensional Select the features between which you wish to dimension the features will again turn pink if correctly selected The software may now default either to an angular dimension or an aligned dimension depending on what the angle between the features is and the outline of the appropriate dimension leader 3 lines will appear on the screen If the software has correctly selected an angle dimension the leader lines can be positioned at any length in any quadrant of the angle by moving the cursor on the screen When they are at a convenient position click the mouse and the dimension will appear on the screen EET If however the Bn Ce Seen aa software selected an aligned linear dimension you must use right mouse button to re A E bring up the A A eee Dimension Type menu prior to aral i aaa positioning the dimension Select 3D Angular Dimension When the software returns to the main screen the outline of the angular dimension leader lines will now be showing a 3D angle You can now position the dimension as previou
32. example Saanaa 10 8 0 Basic 3 2 1 2 Alignment ooocconcocncocconononononnnonnnonanonnnonnnnanonarenannnnenanenars 12 9 0 Plane and two circles Alignment ccccecesseeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseneoees 13 10 0 Aligning components using a cylinder oonconnconcccccnnnoccnnanoncnanonannnnos 14 11 0 Drive shaft aligning along shaft s centre line ooccoocconnoccconcnno 16 12 0 How accurate is your CMM ccccccceseceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseneeeeseneeees 18 13 0 Step by step guide for measuring a circle coocccccconnoccconnocconccnncnnnos 20 14 0 Step by step guide for construction of an intersection point 21 15 0 Step by step guide for construction of an P C D onooncoccccnnonconccccconoos 24 16 0 Bring up Dimensions on the SBereen ooocconcccncinocinnconncocnnocncnanonanonnnnn 26 17 0 SCIECUING FOatUTOS A da 27 18 0 Using the Feature Select Buttons ooccocconcoccconnococoncccncnnronnonanannos 28 19 0 Aligned DIMenNSIONS occocccoccccccnnnonnonconanoncnnncnarenaronrennrnarnnnrnaronrrnrrnnenanes 29 19 1 3D DINO O cessed tas 29 19 2 2D DIMENSION Ad ranas 31 20 0 Horizontal and Vertical DIMENSIONS cocccoccoccconnocccnanoncnnncnaronnnnnenanonos 31 21 0 Angular DIMENSION Sidi A ai 32 21 1 30 Dimensional Angles esvocoooricinaninsaioiaioioioloeciatcisrtocatarlcaia 32 212 20 Dimensional ANGES poe 33 22 0 DIMENSIONING CINGICS usa od 35 22 1 Displaying the form of a Line or a Plane
33. f the machine these measurements will have little or no significance A horizontal or vertical dimension can also be described between two lines or two planes but in this aaa a ec ee metes Case the dimension will attach to the mid point of the first line or plane selected only and gives their separation in the direction perpendicular to this line or plane E ja amp X 448 030 When selecting two points or circles or spheres to dimension between or a line and a point or equivalent the software will automatically default to producing a 3D aligned dimension A horizontal or vertical dimension must be defined as follows Y 045 993 0 Z 067 341 Select the features between which you wish to dimension as for aligned dimensions The features will turn pink and the outline of some aligned dimension leader lines will appear Before positioning the dimension right click to bring up the Dimension Type menu Select horizontal or vertical as required When the software returns to the main screen the outline of the dimension leader lines will show the horizontal or vertical dimension as selected These leader lines can be positioned at any length on either side of the features as for aligned dimensions by moving the cursor on the screen When they are at a convenient position click the mouse for a third time and the dimension will appear on the screen 21 0 Angular Dim
34. fit the theoretical shape i e the form of a feature such as profile of a surface or the roundness of a circle e Multiple Components prints the measured values for a batch of components in a single report Select the type of report that is required by clicking on the relevant option button Printouts can be in either black and white or colour Again to select which you simply click on the relevant option button Printing in colour can help highlight dimensions that are out of tolerance The Excel button will automatically open Excel provided that it has been loaded on the PC and export the report selected On clicking on the Print button a preview of the output will be shown on the screen Only the first three sheets are shown in the print preview To bring one of the back sheets to the front simply click on it If the text or result becomes too long for the resolution of the screen then a box containing a diagonal cross will replace it 43 30 1 Graphic Print outs This is the most commonly used print routine as it closely mimics the output that the software produces during use When this option is selected the user can then select one or more of the four possible views XY XZ YZ and ISO for printing If more than one view is selected the individual views are printed on separated sheets The extent of the area that is printed is based on the current software view but as the aspect ratio of the page and screen are different
35. he grey lines that represent it s depth If you are dimensioning in the side view of a reference plane which has had 2 dimensional features projected into the plane then a single line on the graphics will represent both the plane and the other features In this instance clicking on the line may select any one of the features To define the specific feature required you must use the feature select buttons Notes 2 If you have trouble selecting a feature there are various courses of action 2 Aberlink 3D Software File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus De ae Srp is You can use the feature select buttons to assist selection of the feature X 448 072 Y 046 076 Z 067 341 18 0 Using the Feature Select Buttons In some instances it will be difficult to select a feature by clicking on it directly For instance the same line will represent both the side view of a circle and also the plane into which it is projected If you have difficulty in selecting a feature the Feature Select buttons will provide the solution lt gt o The red number initially zero refers to the feature number in the order that it was measured For instance if you measured a plane first followed by a circle and then a line the plane would be feature number 1 the circle number 2 and the line number 3 The right and left arrows are used to increment and decrement the feature number to o
36. he measure line window opens click on the Construct Button then select one of the circles by left clicking on it in the graphic window you will now see a window which asks you if you want to construct a line between two points click YES select the other circle in the same way by left hand clicking on it in the graphic window you now have a constructed line Press the Set Ref button and then click OK this will align the Y axis along constructed line 16 If the shaft has any cross holes keyways or flats these can be aligned to one of the other axes Secondary Alignment Timing To do a Secondary Alignment using a cross hole measure the cross hole as a cylinder press the Set Ref button click OK this will align either the Z or X axis to the centre of the cylinder X Axis Y Axis To do a secondary alignment using a keyway or flat measure the bottom of the keyway or flat as plane press the Set Ref button click OK this will align either Z or X axis to a line 90 deg to the plane If you use a plane as an alignment feature to a axis this is aligned at 90 deg to the plane The component is now aligned true to the centre line of the shaft Primary Alignment with the Z or X axis going through the cross hole or at 90 deg to the flats Secondary Alignment with the X Y Z axes zeroed in the centre of the shaft at the front end Notes _17 12 0 How accurate is your CMM Your
37. ht line the tolerance specified by a zone formed by two parallel lines To display the straightness of a line click twice on the line and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and click The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen 0 007 _51 32 2 Flatness All the points on a surface are in one plane the tolerance specified by a zone formed by two parallel planes To display the flatness of a plane click twice on the plane and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and click The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen Pe ee rr late ee ee bee eee se cee ee sees es ee seen ccneeccscmcccascens eee 32 3 Roundness or Circularity All the points on a surface are in a circle The tolerance is specified by a zone bounded by two concentric circles If the geometric tolerance button is switched on the roundness of a circle will be displayed automatically underneath the diameter in the graphic window 32 5 Cylindricity All the points of a surface of revolution are equidistant from a O common axis A cylindricity tolerance specifies a tolerance zone bounded by two concentric cylinders within which the surface must lie _52 If the geometric tolerance button is switched
38. ill reveal Dimension Type drop down menu a Scroll down the menu a a Y and select 2D n Alignment Ta ae i 1 Da Then left click to place w A bom art the dimension on the gt X 0 000mm screen Y 0 000mm es e Z 0 000mm Xx47 670 27 387 2 63 110 Controler Status OK Aberlink 3d OK AO BO S 1 0 1 R 1 Machine State VA OTRAS Gt ss Start taj basic training2 doc ta CNC Software Manua 2 Aberlink 3D Software AA Ra O meee osaaminen NOTE that the 2D and 3D aligned dimensions will appear identically in the 2 dimensional views although having different values Care should therefore be taken when TIT dimensioning between ala OS O features that are not in T Y 045 993 the same plane aa gt 3 Z 067 341 20 0 Horizontal and Vertical Dimensions A horizontal or vertical dimension can be described either between two points in space or between a line or plane and a point in which case the dimension will be attached to the mid point of the line or plane Instead of being aligned between the features these measurements will be perpendicular to the alignment of the component which is defined by setting references If no reference has been set then the axes of the machine will be used 31 Note If the alignment of the component has not been defined and the horizontal and vertical dimensions are perpendicular to the axes o
39. in the top face of the cube as a circle and set this as a reference The software will automatically determine that the hole is in an XY plane by looking at the direction of motion of the probe Setting this circle as a reference will set the centre of the circle to X 0 Y 0 and define the last outstanding degree of freedom ie translation in X The position and alignment of the block will now be fully defined Note that a plane a line and a circle are the most common features used to fully define a component Only one reference of each type can be set it is also recommended that when creating a program references are not altered If the component being measured does not include these features other common features that can be used as references are as follows 10 1 No straight edge for alignment 1 Measure circle Set Ref 2 Measure circle OK 3 Construct Line Set Ref 2 No Suitable Hole 2 Measure line OK 3 Construct Point Set Ref 1 Measure line Set Ref In summary the six degrees of freedom for a component are usually fully defined by referencing a plane a line and a circle or point Different features when referenced will define various degrees of freedom and this is more fully discussed in appendix 1 It is worth noting before finishing this chapter that cylinders and cones when referenced will define four degrees of freedom Take a cylinder that has been referenced to define the
40. ing a Renishaw indexible probe it is advisable to datum the probe head at all relevant positions prior to commencing your inspection Probe Head A To calibrate the probe left click with the mouse on the green area in the Probe Head icon to call up the Probe B Status window Refresh Probe Status i 21x Stylus Stylus Probe Head r Stylus Rack pap poe isza4se Y MAA A EA z Lss oo k L1 ygn nys Length 88 se Diameter a AD _ Swap o Width Move to eas Doo oo 1 1 1 X 0 079 4 329Z 71 825 1997 0 016 50 oo 1 1 1 X 0 520 Y 41 778 2 56 871 1998 0 000 Calibrated pro be styl us data 750 1200 1 1 1 X 0 456 V 58 518 Z 30 893 1993 0 002 so oo 1 1 1 X 0 650 Y 63 777 Z 13 754 1995 0 009 window so 1200 1 1 1 X 1 074 V 62 428 Z 14672 1996 0 003 Probe to be datumed window A Axis B Axis Star Rack as y f90 Ifi al Copy Camera Program Clear Refresh Stop Open Save As Retake Clear OK A Axis D B Axis O Star 1 Card 1 Rack 1 No Points 0 1 To datum a probe position select the A incline and B rotation angles you require by using the drop down menus located at the bottom left hand side 2 Press the Add button in the right corner of the Probe Status window you should then see a line in the Datumed Positions window showing the probe position you want to calibrate 3 Move the probe head to match the selec
41. main graphic window e You can add points to the circle at any time by right clicking on the circle in the graphic window this will re open the measurement window 14 0 Step by step guide for construction of an intersection point Because the measurement windows have similar layouts you can use the same method to construct other features like centre lines and mid points Points of intersection can be constructed not only at the intersection of features which touch but can also be used to produce the closest point to both features when they do not touch 21 e To construct such a point click on the Point Measure button from the main screen This will bring up the Point Measure window Now click on the Construct box and the Point Measure window will now shrink to a small box at the bottom of the screen i Aberlink 3D Software File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus gl sea SD aw Ae wag o al ewer oi RAe y GUARDE lt X 023 233 Y 423 694 Z 001 19 int M Ol x 49 663 Y 427 003 Z 8 710 Controller Status Ok Aberlink 34 0K 13 40 AStart deg E Aberlink 3D S untitled Paint GYControl Panel E Inspection Resu AyUser Manual HEAR 13 40 a e Now simply select the features whose intersections create the desired point by clicking on them After you have selected the first feature a prompt will appear to confirm what is happ
42. nd B Angles on the probe head The A and B angles shown in the software and the A and B angles of the probe must be the same before measuring anything Notes 9 0 Aligning your Parts 5 1 Example of traditional part alignment using a surface table straight edge and pins When you place a part on a surface table you are aligning the bottom face of that part true to the top of the surface table you can still move the part about in the X Y plane and rotate it about the Z axis but you cannot move it up and down in the Z axis or rotate it around the X or Y axis this is called a primary alignment Push the part up to a straight edge fixed to the surface table this will stop any rotation about the Z axis as well as any movement along the Y axis now you can only slide the part along the X axis This is called a secondary alignment Now slide the part along the X axis up to a pin in the surface table The part is now fixed in all six degrees of freedom it cannot move or rotate in X Y or Z Linear in x direction Rotation around x axis Rotation around y axis Rotation around z axis 6 0 Aligning parts using a CMM When using the CMM to inspect a component it is not necessary to physically align the component to the axes of the machine By measuring specific features on the component and setting them as references you will be able to use the computer to define the orientation of the axes and position of the component This is importa
43. ndow The Retake button The Clear button The Delete button removes the last point removes all the points deletes the measured taken so you can start again feature from the computer ad Section No Circle Measure xj Points Taken When you have finished your measurement click the OK button vo EEN p PONE o pay o E P 20um AAN A AI Mase S70 V 414 095 2 42374 e 0 002 fi lO 0 003 Retake Clear Delete Plane Construct Ok v This is the Set Ref Circle Template Probe Head Probe button Centre AAC fee b Pre travel 4 802 If you press it the feature x 317 704 Plane No fi Bais fo Overtravel fe Dae you just measured will 18 989 Penetratian 1 000 Star iT Plunge Vecto Points be used as part of an z 0 032 Start angle O al A 0 000 4 alignment system Dia 12 004 End angle 360 o j pos mA You normally only use Bore Boss Pitch 0 000 a 4 000 k Froon the Set Ref three times at the beginning of the SDF a E ed nent to set the Plunge Ro 317 572 15 196 0 000 500 0 Approach 1 Ro 317 572 18 196 1 568 S00 0 part alignment up Final 1 PO 349 180 27 866 1 584 0 0 Approach 2 R o 317 595 18 779 1 586 500 0 Final 2 F o 318 922 10 067 1 569 10 0 Approach 3 Ro 318 480 19 183 1 704 00 0 Final 3 F 308 978 16 773 1 700 10 0 Approach 4 R o 316 9394 19 206 1 556 POO 0 Final 4 PO 326 359 16 571 1 652 10 0 Rise Ro 316 934 gt 19
44. ng line first 26 0 Dimensioning to a Cone A cone Is a special case as when measuring to it it may be treated either as a line along it s axis or alternatively as a point at it s apex Similarly its measured diameter has little meaning as all the measured points will be below the surface Therefore selecting the cone twice will not display its diameter as for circles soheres and cylinders but it s included angle To measure the diameter of a cone at its end requires the construction of circle at the intersection of the cone with the plane 38 a 334 When bringing File Edt Measurement Custom Ultities Stylus up dimensions to a cone the cone is treated either as a line or a point depending on whether it Is selected as the first or second feature If selected 3 AD gt 4D 4 gt i E j i first the de A 214 204 min F as a line alon 3 Y 472422 3 9 C ss Z 113 863 Its axis and produce a If however the cone is selected as the second feature the software will treat itas a point at it s apex and again produce a relevant dimension accordingly relevant dimension accordingly 2 Aberlink 3D Software berlink 3D Software File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Styl Al File ae ea en GAEL O e eS e E g a ep de a sie A he oe X 005 539 X 005 541 a Y 443 185 Y 443 186 y KA Z
45. nt when measuring 2 dimensional shapes ie lines and circles or points as the software will project the measurement points into a plane which must be fully defined Also the alignment of the component must be properly defined in order to produce meaningful horizontal and vertical dimensions on the screen 7 0 Alignment examples When you place the component on the table of the machine it has six degrees of freedom which will need to be defined in order to fully define the alignment and position of the component Namely these are translation along and rotation about each of the three axes Depending on what measurements you wish to perform not all of these degrees of freedom will necessarily have to be defined Take for example a cube with a hole in it s top and front faces Measure a plane on the top face of the cube and set it as a reference This defines the XY plane for the cube and also a Z zero position In effect it defines three of the degrees of freedom which are rotations about X and Y and also translation in Z Next measure a line along the front edge of the cube and set it as a reference This now defines the XZ plane for the cube and also a Y zero position In effect this line defines a further two of the degrees of freedom which are rotation about the Z axis and also translation in Y Note that this line will now be used to define the plane if the hole in the front face is now measured as a circle Now measure the hole
46. o reference the machine Gently move all three axes in a positive direction until they reach their physical stops top right hand corner This corresponds to pushing the X axis to the right the Y axis to the back and the Z axis to the top of the machine Initial Machine Zeroing Please take all axis to their end stops in a positive direction X to the right Y to n Click the OK button on the reference window The machine is now referenced While holding them on their end stops click the OK button Cancel i To re reference the machine at any time press the Machine Reference button and repeat the above process Notes 4 0 Probe Calibration 4 1 Background When using the Aberlink 3D software to inspect a component the software must know the relative position and diameter of the stylus ball being used This is achieved by using the probe stylus ball to measure the reference ball which is mounted on the granite table As the size and position of the reference ball are known this measurement is used to determine the size and relative position of the stylus ball This information is stored as three position offsets X Y and Z and a diameter Obtaining this information is known as calibrating the probe The probe must be calibrated every time you change a stylus or if you have an indexible probe each time you move the probe head to a position that has not previously been calibrated If you are us
47. o specified datuM S ooccococccconiccocnnoconoconenonononononononoss 57 32 11 2 Maximum Material CONdI ION ocoocconnoccconccnccnconcononcnononanononcnonnononononncnncnnnnnes 59 32 12 SVMIMEWY ai dd icons 60 A A A oe seee EED 62 33 0 Change HIStory cccccescseseceeceeseeeceneceeseeescensceesenesenesenssensanesenesenes 63 34 0 Contact Detalls cioen e ada 63 1 0 Introduction to CMM measurement The goal of this training document is to show you by use of easy to understand examples how to set up the cmm and measure parts This training manual also helps you to get familiarized with Aberlink 3D general rules definitions and terms and shows you how to apply these to your specific measurement problems These training notes contain some of the most important points to help support you during this training course it does not replace the use of the Aberlink user manual In fact we highly recommend you read the user manual in spite of successful training as not all measurement capabilities of this software can be covered in this training course It is important that you take your own notes throughout If you have any questions about training always ask questions immediately to help contribute to the success of your training 2 0 Preparation and general hints for solving measurement problems Before you start measuring with your cmm you must go through some preparation functions Those function include e Give
48. on the cylindricity of a cylinder will be displayed automatically underneath the diameter in the graphic window 019 275 0 004 PR 32 6 Parallelism The condition of a surface or axis equidistant at all points from a datum plane or axis Parallelism tolerance specifies one of the following a zone defined by two planes or lines parallel to a datum plane or axis or a cylindrical tolerance zone whose axis Is parallel to a datum axis If the geometric tolerance button is switched on the parallelism between two lines or planes will be displayed automatically underneath the dimension in the graphic window 32 Angularity The condition of a surface or axis at a specified angle other than pd 90 from a datum plane or axis The tolerance zone is defined by two parallel planes at the specified basic angle from a datum plane or axis If the geometric tolerance button is switched on the angularity between two lines or planes will be displayed automatically underneath the angle in the graphic window 30 01 55 lt 0 021 32 8 Squareness The condition of a surface or axis at a right angle to a datum L plane or axis Perpendicularity tolerance specifies one of the following a zone defined by two planes perpendicular to a datum plane or axis or a zone defined by two parallel planes perpendicular to the datum axis If the angle is between 96 84 and the Geometric Tolerance button is switche
49. oo oosof Pes arm between Line rd Lre 24000 53978 omea a4a00 aaoo pes ooo oeoo Poss gt in betezen Grele vd Lre 17000 16978 0082 araoo 6900 ros OO Sn betezen Grele nd re 15000 14999 ooo nano 0900 ras OOO i Or from Le okie rowo aroro owr oo o rae o emere m me aor eo noo pose 000 0050 Pas gt 507 from rete oeoo sow azo oroo oroo pes omo 0050 Pose gt IAN ISO IAS GC IS IO OS IO ES Note that both dimensions and geometric tolerances can be toleranced and hence both have separate pass fail statements where applicable It is possible to add the dimensions from more than one inspection to a Tabulated Dimensions report which is why the Clear Report and Add to Report buttons appear on the Print window Every time you click on the Add to Report button the dimensions that are displayed on the main screen will be added to the report This will continue until the Clear Report button is clicked 30 4 Point Positions This is a specialised report for printing the position and size of circles or any other feature that can be likened to a point For instance when measuring 2000 holes on a PCB this report allows the size and position of the holes to be printed out without the requirement to call up dimensions to them all 46 m Print Preview x Ayvening Mill ABERLINK Ltd SB oes asu Drawing No ABC 123 Order No Date 25Jan0 Title Test Piece Serial No
50. ould be at 20 C industry standard Enter the mean ambient temperature here However you must now enter the Po Y material and thermal expansion Tempcreiue eg t coefficient for the component being Material Stainless steel 11pp measured Thermal Expansion Coefficient PPM Temperature deg C Results Folder C1 Browsk Probe Over Ride E Auta Point Capture Time 2 0 Material As the cmm structure is made from a single material Aluminium it will expand and contract uniformly with temperature It is therefore possible to compensate for the ambient temperature of the machine in the software providing that the material and thermal expansion co efficient for the material is also known Select the material of the measured component from this list Ok Tech Thermal Expansion Coefficient ppm If you have selected other from the material list above then you must enter the thermal expansion coefficient in ppm for the material here Notes 19 13 0 Step by step guide for measuring a circle In this chapter we ll go though measuring a circle step by step because the measurement windows for measuring circles have a similar layout to the windows used for measuring other features like planes lines points cylinders and spheres You can apply the same method shown below to measure other features e Click on the Measure Circle button this will open the Circle Measurement wi
51. rmal planes Profiles can be applied to individual line elements or the entire surface of a part The profile tolerance specifies a uniform boundary along the true profile within which the elements of the surface must lie If you best fit a DXF file to a measured curve it is possible to display the profile tolerance by left clicking twice on the curve if you then right click you will see a drop down menu pick Profile option and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and left click for a third time The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen e t o o 0 be e 0 esse pl e ha e e o o o o o 10 270 E 510 013 Ay Ped o 5 o gt o e 0 e o o o o i o 62 33 0 Change History Date of Change Description of Change m Changed by 22 10 07 Geometrical tolerances chapter added CJH_ 12 11 07 Indexupdated CH 29 10 08 Content review Chris W CWW _ 21 01 09 Printreview JOW _ 17102109 Document review JAC 19 02 09 Document review changes implemented CJW ___ A O O 34 0 Contact Details Aberlink Ltd Eastcombe Gloucestershire GL6 7DY UK Tel 44 0 1453 884461 Email sales aberlink co uk Fax 44 0 1453 882348 Website www aberlink co uk 63
52. select the Cartesian Polar Position option and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the screen where you would like to site the dimension and left click The geometric tolerance will now appear on the screen It is possible to allocate datum letters to the features after you have measured them This is useful if you wish to match the datum letters marked on the drawing to the feature you have measured Datum Letter displayed for specific features 56 To allocate a datum letter to a feature right click on that feature this will open the Measurement Window you can now use the drop menu next to the word Datum to select the letter you wish to assign to that feature It is possible to display the datum letters in the graphic windows by left clicking on a feature twice then right click to get a drop down menu select the Datum Option from the menu then left click on the screen to display the datum letter 32 11 1 True Position relative to specified datum s If the true position that you are measuring is relative to some other point on the component other than that which has been set as 0 0 0 then it is possible to show it relative to other specified datums For instance if you have chosen a large hole as the reference because it is an easy feature to measure automatically but need to show the true position of a hole relative to a smaller hole specified as dat
53. sly described am X 258 982 Y 389 185 Z 002 758 le a ha GUE BIA AK AE aE WwW 21 2 2D Dimensional Angles It is possible to split angles into the 2 dimensional components of the view in which it is called up For instance perhaps you are interested only in the X Y component of the angle between the two planes dimensioned above Once again repeat as described above but this time select a 2D angle dimension 2 Aberlink 3D Software N ote th at th e le A 3s ast oy a e 2D and 3D angle dimensions will appear identically in the 2 dimensional views although having different values Care should therefore be taken when dimensioning between features that are not in the same plane File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus De Be Srp is X 258 980 Y 389 179 Z 002 759 33 To display on the screen all geometric tolerance values relevant to the inspection simply click on the Geometric Tolerance button The geometric tolerance values that are relevant to the measurements on the screen will now be displayed Now to display the geometric tolerances that are relevant to any particular feature for instance flatness of a plane straightness of a line left click twice on that feature and the outline of a leader line will appear Move the cursor to a convenient position on the s
54. some thought to how you are going to position and hold the part Reason Probe accessibility e Decide which stylii and extensions if any you may need and if you are using an indexible head which probe angles you are going to need to measure the part before you start Reason Save time while programming Saves you having to move the part e t s good working practice to write the feature numbers on the drawing Reason Easy verification of the inspection report Useful guidance when running a part inspection program 3 0 Starting up your machine Air supply Check your CMM has a minimum air supply of 3 9 bar 55 psi and the filters pots are free of oil and water contamination oil and water must never get through to air bearings as this could damage your machine Air on and axes locking switches on the top of the right hand column is a set of four switches These are used to switch on the main air supply and to individually lock the cmm axes XY X axis lock Y axis lock Main air supply On Off switch Taking points lt is perfectly acceptable to roughly position the probe head by hand but you must always take points with the fine adjust knobs 3 1 Referencing the machine Each time the computer is switched on before you can start to measure with your CMM the machine has to be referenced If the computer is left switched on you do not have to re reference the machine each time you start the software 3 2 T
55. ted A and B probe positions With the probe in correct position take a minimum of five points around the reference ball which is attached to the granite surface The first point should be on the pole TDC of the ball with the remainder of points being spread evenly around the equator Note with whichever probe position you are datuming you will only ever be able to access one half of the reference ball Try to spread the points taken evenly around this area 4 If successful the calibrated probe position will appear as a line in the stylus data window and the indicator button will turn green in colour If the probe position does not turn green or you are not happy with any point that you have taken you can erase the last point taken by left clicking on the Retake button or erase all of the points taken by left clicking on the lowest Clear button To repeat this process press Clear in the Datumed Positions window and select the new A and B angles you require Repeat this process until all the required probe positions have been datumed and then click OK This brings back the Main Screen To change to another datumed probe position Left click on the Probe Head window and then left click on the datum probe position you want in the Calibrated Probe window The red dot will turn green this shows the probe position has been selected click on OK A window will appear telling you to manually change the A a
56. ucted line between the two circles by clicking on the Line measure button when the Line Measure window opens Click on the Construct button then select circle 1 by left clicking on it in the graphic window you will now see a window which asks you if you want to construct a line between two points click YES select the other circle in 13 the same way by left clicking on it in the graphic window you now have a constructed line press the Set Ref button and then click OK this will align the Y axis along the constructed line this our secondary alignment Notes 10 0 Aligning components using a cylinder To measure a flange type component 100 mm Dia Z Axis 1 Place the part on the table with the 100mm diameter facing up and two of the 10 0 mm holes aligned along the Y axis of the cmm 2 Measure the 100 mm O D as a cylinder by clicking on the Cylinder Measure icon with the left mouse click when the Cylinder Measure window opens take four points at the top of the cylinder in a circle and four points around the bottom of the cylinder Press the Set Ref and then click OK The Z axis is now aligned to the centre line of the cylinder 3 Measure a plane on the end of the 100 mm cylinder by clicking on the Plane Measure button when the Plane Measure window opens take 14 four points on the top of the 100mm cylinder do not press the Set Ref button this will be used as
57. um B then this can also be done in the dimension details window Note to display the True Position of a circle or a point from features other than the origin the datum letters mst be assigned P Dimension Details Current Measurement Unit 5 Between 6 amp 6 Measured Dimension Identifier jimm Circle True Position Morninal Dimension 5 000 Select the Dim Error 0 027 datums by using the drop down Geometric Tolerance HEJ p menu Tolerance Length Geometric Lirnit 0 050 Display Layer Show Error After you have Datums V selected the new le Ml AA ear datum the Tolerance nominal will Nomina Actual change to show a Y 059 0 Rd Mang e the position from the new datum a 100 0 000 0 000 Il MMIC E Select datum B and click on the Add button Make sure that the nominal position of the hole is now relative to this datum When you now return to the main screen the true position will be displayed relative to datum B _57 X 11 970 Y0 068 20 000 10 149 B True position of circle from datum B It is possible to select up to three datums relative to a true position X 10 332 Y6 045 70 000 610 149 CAB I True position of circle from datum C A B The software will not automatically know the correct position for the circle and will have rounded the measured values to achieve a guess at it s position You must therefore check that the corre
58. ustrated would read The 5 mm square shape 1 is controlled with an all around 2 profile tolerance 3 of 0 05 mm 4 in relationship to primary datum A 5 and secondary datum B 6 The shape and tolerance determine the limits of production variability Fig 1 Above There are seven shapes called geometric elements used to define a part and it s features The shapes are point line plane circle cylinder cone and sphere There are also certain geometric characteristics that determine the condition of parts and the relationship of features The purpose of these symbols is to form a common language that everyone can understand 49 31 2 Geometric Tolerancing in Aberlink Where relevant the geometric tolerance applicable to each measurement unit eg roundness of circles straightness of lines will be displayed underneath the graphical representation of that unit w Aberlink 3D Software Linuxserver ftp Test Block Test Block Version 3 Test Block v3 Ey File Edit Measurement Custom Utilities Stylus Help sc Ba Eg amp ay gt k dxf a mm ey SPRE HD Sao sd D M Dl y A l Park CMM moves the Z quill to the home position and shuts down the drives 024 055 011 992 54 912 45 01 25 0 008 7009 0 031 0 104 SA 33 995 a ree 0 043 29 43 45 FA B lt 0 021 90 11 13 Y 87 19 18 90 00 23 16 918 A 1 0 012 5 217 X6 028 Y 10 410 Z 0 200 06 028 0 058 A B
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