USER MANUAL
Contents
1. Switches S2 1 S2 2 and S2 3 Use Switches S2 1 S2 2 and S2 3 to set the DTE data rate Each setting represents an nx56 nx64 setting Individual channel set tings can be configured through the software control port S2 1 S2 2 52 3 Off Off Off Clear Channel Unframed On Off Off 112kbps 128kbps Off On Off 224kbps 256kbps On On Off 336kbps 384kbps Off Off On 448kbps 512kbps On Off On 672kbps 768kbps Off On On 896kbps 1024kbps On On On 1344kbps 1536kbps Switch S2 4 Line Framing and Coding Use Switch S2 4 to control the Network Line Framing and Coding Options Set these options to be the same as the Line Framing and Coding Options given to you by your Service Provider If you are using two MT910As together as short range modems set both units iden tically S2 4 Line Framing amp Coding Off ESF B8ZS On D4 AMI 9 Line Framing Options D4 Superframe The D4 framing format as specified in AT amp T TR62411 is the standard in which twelve frames make up a superframe All signaling and synchronization are done in band Extended Superframe ESF Extended Superframe as speci fied in AT amp T TR 54016 consists of twenty four 24 T1 frames The framing bits are now used for framing CRC and the Facility Data Link FDL The FDL allows maintenance messages and information to be passed between the MT910A and the Central Office Line Coding Options Alternate Mark Inversion AMI This mode does2. Thank you for your purchase of this Black Box product This product has been thoroughly inspected and tested If any questions arise during installa tion or use of the unit contact Black Box Technical Support at 724 746 5500 2 1 FEATURES Terminates T1 FT1 Circuits over a 4 Wire RJ 48C interface 10Base T Ethernet bridge PPP Point to Point Protocol RFC 1661 with Bridge Control Protocol RFC 1638 Unstructured Rates at 1 544 Mbps D4 or ESF Framing Modes Supports AMI or B8ZS B7ZS Line Coding Configuration via Software Control Port or Internal DIP Switches Six Easy to Read LED Indicators Monitor Data amp Diagnostics nternal or Receive Recover Clocking Also Operates as a High Speed Point to Point Modem Made in USA 2 2 GENERAL PRODUCT DESCRIPTION The NetLink T1 MT910A is a single port T1 FT1 CSU DSU with Ethernet Bridging that provides high speed LAN to WAN connec tivity Plugging directly into the 10Base T port of a hub or LAN switch the NetLink T1 provides T1 or FT1 access at connection data rates of 1 544 Mbps nx64 and nx56 n 1 to 24 channels The Netlink T1 is an excellent choice for internet access as well as LAN to LAN services The Netlink T1 provides digital access to a local WAN service provider or directly between two facilities over a dedicated 4 Wire cir cuit WAN bandwidth framing and coding options are programmed via externally accessible DIP switches or via a VT 1
3. TxP The MT910A is sending a test pattern while in Test Mode IdIP The MT910A is sending a test pattern in place of data The MT910A is not in test mode The MT910A receiving a RL can be in one of the following states 26 RxPr The MT910A is receiving a preparatory pattern Sack MT910A upon receiving a preparatory pattern sends an acknowledgement message RL The MT910A is in remote loopback mode RxTr MT910A is receiving a terminate loopback mes sage Wtis The MT910A is waiting for a sequence of all ones and will time out if it does not receive it IdleP 910 is sending a QRSS 511 or 2047 pattern Off The MT910A is in local loopback Test Pattern ldle default Options Idle or Sending To send a pattern press the c key and press spacebar to send the test pattern The OK message indicates the received test pattern is error free The BE message indicates errors in the received pat tern Idle Indicates that MT910A is not sending a pattern Sending Indicates that MT910A is sending a pattern id Error Insertion Off default Options On Off You may inject intentional errors into the test pattern by turning Error Insertion ON The Error ERR LED will blink once per second Selected Pattern Options QRSS 511 or 2047 Use this option to select the test pattern used to test the link 27 NI STATUS The Network interface NI status is shown NI STATUS in the mi
4. 7 no connection 8 no connection From Network Figure 6 MT910A twisted pair line interface NOTE If the MT910A is being used for private short range modem applications the twisted pair cable connected to its port will need to be a crossover cable See Appendix D for Interface pin assignments 34 5 0 OPERATION Once the NetLink T1 is installed and configured properly it is ready to place into operation This section describes the function of the LED indicators and the use of the loopback and pattern test modes 5 1 LED DESCRIPTIONS The NetLink T1 is equipped with six LED indicators that monitor the status of communication Figure 12 below shows the location of the LEDs on the NetLink T1 Series front panel ALM 2 Hotlink 10BaseT T1 FT1 CSU DSU Linh Test Modes Ti IBT Status ALM ER TM Local Patient oo oo emos 0x Figure 7 MT910A Front Panel ER T1 Link Solid green indicates that the end to end TI link is up Signifying that the link is active The TI link LED is off when the link is down 10BT Link Active Green Solid green indicates that the 10BaseT Ethernet interface has detect ed a valid SQE heartbeat signifying a valid 10BaseT connection Status Blinks yellow from one to eleven times to indicate system status Each pulse pattern is separated by 2 second off period Greater pulse patterns have higher priority buffer satura
5. Data Terminal Equipment If the MT910A is to to connect to another DTE device such as a 10Base T network interface card construct a 10Base T crossover cable and connect the wires as shown in the dia gram below Figure 4 10BaseT Port 10Base T DTE RJ 45 Pin No RJ 45 Pin No 1 TD 1 TD 2 TD 2 TD 3 RD 3 RD 6 RD 6 RD Figure 4 10Base T Cross over Cable Connection 33 4 2 Connecting the 10Base T Ethernet Port to a Hub The 10Base T interface is configured as DTE Data Terminal Equipment just like a 10Base T network interface card in a PC Therefore it expects to connect to a 10Base T Hub using a straight through RJ 45 cable Use the diagram below Figure 9 to construct a cable to connect the 10 BaseT interface to a 10Base T Hub 10BaseT Port 10Base T Hub RJ 45 Pin No RJ 45 Pin No 1 TD4 1 2 TD RD 3 RD TD 6 RD 9 6 TD Figure 5 Connecting the 10Base T Ethernet Port to a Hub 4 3 T1 FT1 INTERFACE CONNECTION The Network Line Interface Line is an eight position keyed modu lar jack configured as a RJ 48C This interface will need to be config ured to match the line parameters i e framing line coding etc sup plied by the central office 1 RX Data TIP 2 RX Data RING Pd 3 no connection 4TX Data TIP 5 TX Data RING To network 6 no connection
6. FIC are 04DU9 BN 04DU9 DN 04DU9 1KN and 04DU9 1SN The Service Order Code SOC is 6 0N Facility Interface Service Network Connection 1 544 Mbps SF format without line power 04DU9 BN 6 0N RJ48C i line power 04DU9 DN 6 0N RJ48C 1 544 Mbps ANSI ESF without line power 04DU9 1KN 6 0N RJ48C 1 544 Mbps ANSI ESF and B8ZS w o line power 04DU9 1SN 6 0N RJ48C 1 5 FCC PART 68 COMPLIANCE STATEMENT This equipment complies with Part 68 of FCC Rules Please note the following 1 You are required to request serivce from the telephone company before you connnect the CSU to a network When you request serivce you must provide the telephone company with the following data When you request T1 Service you must provide the telephone company with the Facility Interface Code Provide the telephone company with both of the following codes 04DU9 B 1 544 MB D4 framing format and 04DU9 C 1 544 MB ESF format The telephone company will select the code it has available The Service Order Code s SOC 6 0N The required Universal Service Order Code USOC jack RJ 48C The make model number and FCC Registration number of the CSU 2 Your telephone company may make changes to its facilities equip ment operations or procedures that could affect the proper functioning of your equipment The telephone company will notify you in advance of such changes to give you and opportunity to m
7. NetLink T1 in this test mode will be returned back to the originating device i e char acters typed on the keyboard of the local terminal will appear on the local terminal screen after having been passed to the remote NetLink T1 and looped back T1 FT1 CSU DSU Model MT910A T1 FT1 CSU DSU Model MT910A Receive Ethernet Internal dissi Ethernet Clocking y Device Device Clocking Clock Gable Spari Clock Data Data Clock 7S Data Data Model MT910A Receive Ethernet Internal Aaa Ethernet Clocking V Device Device Clocking Clock Cable Span Gisele Data Data Clock 7 Data pata Model MT910A Model MT910A LLB Initiated Figure 8 Local Loopback To perform a LL test follow these steps 1 Activate LL This may be done in one of two ways a Enter EM Local Loop from the System Diagnostics Statistics menu and toggle the lt Spacebar gt until LL appears next to the EN Local Loop option b Toggle the front panel switch to the Local position 2 Verify that the data terminal equipment is operating properly and can be used for a test 3 Perform a V 52 BER bit error rate test as described in Section 5 3 If the BER test equipment indicates no faults but the data terminal indicates a fault follow the manufactur er s checkout procedures for the data terminal Also check the interface cable between the terminal and the NetLink T1 37 Mo
8. Rate is 56kbps the Bandwidth Selected will be a multiple of 56k not of 64k When using the DIP switches to set the band width the starting channel is always channel 1 24 3 2 3 System Diagnostics The System Diagnostics Statistics screen looks like this mif cr more TIL System Siagnogtica Sewtirtics Maau rit Valid Inzzgrvmlm Coat I TreserCIGA t xi pori zurezsr interval Time 557 ejmercst Parrsrar 5 1 50 Current Hor TELLEN TEELEN 0 rit BEC moa a lier src g n 1 73 vic Hare meee i ee m at la bind Es Them lice Lange prin m Spans Exit Ban Radras Joreem Crri L isar ZSracs C ri Hl oc Barizpaca ee i a eo mm Fn pacirmanca I ragori sage PPM LESE anh NOTE This screen is updated once per second The System Diagnostics Statistics options and functions are described below l Local Loop Idle default The Local Loop is a bi lateral loopback in which the data from the local DTE and the data from the remote unit are looped back to their respective sources See Section 5 3 Activate this loop to test the each of the DTE s connection to the MT910A The Local Loop test has four states Idle No user controlled loopbacks are active LL The MT910A is in local loopback mode Off The MT910A is in remote or CO initiated loopback mode or se
9. not inherently account for ones density To meet this requirement each time slot can be reduced to 56 kbps and the Least Significant Bit LSB of each time slot set to one Bipolar 8 Zero Substitution B8ZS This mode assures proper bit density in the data stream In this mode any data pattern can be transmitted without causing ones density errors This mode allows for 64 kbps clear channel timeslots Switch 52 5 DSO Channel Rate Use Switch S2 5 to set the DSO rate SW2 5 Setting Off 56 kbps On 64 kbps 10 Switch S2 6 and S2 7 Clock Mode Set Switch S2 6 and S2 7 to determine the MT910As transmitter tim ing S2 6 S2 7 Clock Mode Off Off Network Clock Transmitter timing is derived from the received line signal On Off Internal Clock Transmitter clock is derived from an internal oscillator NOTE 1 When using the Model MT910A as a high speed short range modem one unit of the link must be configured in Internal Clock mode and the opposite end unit must be configured for Network Clock mode If the ERR LED on the front of the unit is flashing or on it could be an indication of a clocking problem Double check your clock mode settings and Tx Clock Invert S1 3 settings Switch S2 8 Reserved 11 3 1 2 Switch S1 The chart below shows the default configurations for Switch S1 A description of all 51 options follows this table S1 SUMMARY TABE Position Function Factory Default Selected Op
10. of 64 kb s you should ensure that the data terminal equipment connected to the unit provides a minimally acceptable pulse density For this reason there are advantages to using B8ZS instead 19 Consult the equipment manual for compatibility Your carrier will advise you on whether to use 64 or 56 kb s Campus applications may not have such restrictions enabling you to use 64kbps In Unframed format the 24 DSOs and the framing bits are combined to provide 1 544Mb s for your use 56kbps This uses only the first seven bits of the DSO limiting the data rate per DSO channel to 56 kb s Your carrier will advise you on whether to use 64 or 56 kb s This is not available when using the Unframed format 20 Clocking Network default Options Network Internal External Network This is the most commonly used setting when connect ing to a carriers network In this mode the unit recovers the clock from the received signal and uses it to transmit data In this way the unit remains synchronized to a master clock Incampus applications one of the units must be set to Internal clock and the other end is set to Network clock At all times there must be only one clock source Otherwise clock slips and framing errors and bit errors may occur Internal This is commonly used in campus applications where the unit is not connected to the public telephone network directly In this mode the unit uses the on board oscillator as the transm
11. the unit is in local analog loop the LED will blink on briefly When the unit is in remote loop the TM LED will blink off briefly When the unit is sending a test pat tern or is putting the remote unit into V 54 CSU loopback the TM LED will stay on These are the test modes V 54 CSU Loopback amp V 52 Patterns D4 Line Loop CO initiated ESF Line Loop CO Initiated ESF Payload Loop CO Initiated 36 5 2 LOOP V 54 amp TELCO DIAGNOSTICS The NetLink T1 offers three V 54 loop diagnostics and is com patible with two Telco loop diagnostics Use these diagnostics to test the CSU DSU and any communication links These tests can be acti vated via the software control port See Section 3 2 3 System Diagnostics via signals on the serial port interface or the front panel switch 5 2 1 Operating Local Loopback LL The Local Loopback LL test checks the operation of the local NetLink T1 and is performed separately on each unit Any data sent to the local NetLink T1 in this test mode will be echoed returned back to the user device i e characters typed on the key board of a terminal will appear on the terminal screen T1 FT1 CSU DSU T1 FT1 CSU DSU Model MT910A Model MT910A 5 2 2 Operating Remote Digital Loopback RL The Remote Digital Loopback RL test checks the performance of both the local and remote NetLink T1 as well as the communication link between them Any characters sent to the remote
12. 00 type terminal using the rear mounted EIA 232 Control Port Netlink T1 supports DA ESF framing options and AMI B8ZS B7ZS line coding Netlink T17M also supports a full range of system and diagnostic features that make sys tem setup easy The Ethernet Bridge in this unit requires no configura tion at all The NetLink T1 provides T1 terminations over a modular RJ 48C jack and comply with jitter tolerance capabilities as specified in ANSI T1 403 and AT amp T TR62411 External power options include 120VAC and universal interface 100 240VAC 48VDC and rack card versions are also available 3 0 PPP Operational Background PPP is a protocol used for multi plexed transport over a point to point link PPP operates on all full duplex media and is a sym metric peer to peer protocol which can be broken into three main components 1 A standard method to encapsulate datagrams over serial links 2 A Link Control Protocol LCP to establish con figure and test the data link connection 3 A family of Network Control Protocols NCPs to establish and configure different net work layer protocols In order to establish communications over a point to point link each end of the PPP link must first announce its capabilities and agree on the parameters of the link s operation This exchange is facilitated through LCP Configure Request packets Once the link has been established and optional facilities have been negotiated PPP will attempt to e
13. 00001s This pattern overwrites the normal data When this code is detected for 5 seconds the unit will go into loopback if the Remote In band Loopback is Enabled When a repeating code of 001s is received for 5 seconds the unit loops down goes out of loopback The delayed recognition guards against false starts since the code must be present for a long time continuously When Disabled the unit will recognize the codes but will not respond to them The loopback timeout also applies to this feature V 54 Loops RDL Only Enabled default Options Enabled Disabled This is a special in band loopback facility that sends a special pseudo random pattern over the data stream This is the only remote loopback that the unit can initiate This is useful for campus applica tions when you need to put a remote unit in loopback The remote unit responds to the V 54 loopback command and the whole process takes only a few seconds to complete This setting will enable disable RDL from being initiated from either the control port or the DTE interface It will also enable disable the unit to respond to the V 54 command if received over the line The duration of the loopback is limited by the loopback timeout setting See Unit Operations paragraph 3 2 4 on pages 32 and 33 EB Default Contig Source Switch default Option EEPROM Switch The MT910A can be initialized via the configuration in the on board permanent memory EEPROM or via the inte
14. 2 bits It redefines the 8 kb s channel previously used exclusively for terminal and robbed bit signaling synchronization The ESF provides a 4 kb s data link called the FDL which allows for in service monitoring and fast troubleshooting Certain net work services require the ESF UNFRAMED This is a special mode that allows you to achieve the maximum possible data rate of 1 544 Mb s million bits per second by using the framing bits for data transmission There is no signaling or FDL This is commonly used for campus connections and by the Federal government and the military This format is not to be used when connecting to a public car rier s network without its permission This provides one chan nel at a rate of 1 544 Mb s In addition this format can be B8ZS Bipolar violations occur when consecutive pulses are of the same polarity In B8ZS or Bipolar Eight Zero Substitution bipolar violations are introduced deliberately to indicate that eight zeros have been transmitted This special encoding is recognized by the receiver and decoded correctly See AT amp T TR62411 Section 4 2 2 for a detailed description of B8ZS This enables information to be sent over a T1 connection with out any constraints on the data s pulse density This is the most acceptable way to accomplish 64 kb s on each DSO channel B7ZS This stands for Bipolar Seven Zero Substitution Instead of introducing bipolar violations this method substitutes a on
15. NS DTE Interface DTE Data Rates LAN Connection Protocol MAC Address Table Size MAC Address Aging Frame Buffer Frame Latency Indicators Humidity Temperature 10Base T on RJ 45F 10Mbps RJ 45 10Base T 802 3 Ethernet PPP RFC 1661 with Bridging Control RFC 1638 4096 entries MAC addresses deleted after 8 minutes of inactivity 512 Frames 1 frame T1 Link 10Base T Link Ethernet Status Loss of Frame Sync Error Test Mode Up to 90 non condensing to 50 C 42 APPENDIX C Blak Box NETLINK T1 MT910A FACTORY REPLACEMENT PARTS AND ACCESSORIES 43 APPENDIX D Blak Box NETLINK T1 MT910A INTERFACE PIN ASSIGNMENT RJ 48C T1 DSO Network Interface Female Modular Jack Pin Signal 1 RX Data TIP 1 2 RX Data RING1 4 TX Data TIP 5 TX Data RING TRS Jack RS 232 Control Port Pin Signal Direction Tip Tx Data From MT910A Ring Rx Data To MT910A Sleeve Ground RS 232 Control Port Signals at DB 25 Connector Pin Signal Signal Direction 3 Receive From MT910A 2 Transmit Data To MT910A 7 Ground RS 232 Control Port Signals at DB 9 Connecter Pin Signal Signal Direction 2 Receive From MT910A 3 Transmit Data To MT910A 5 Ground 44
16. ON The MT910A features a menu driven command system that allows you to monitor configure its operating parameters Follow the instructions below to configure the MT910A using the software selections 1 Plug the 9 pin male end of the cable to your terminal or com puter s DB 9 serial port and start up the terminal emulator software if necessary Plug the miniature stereo plug into the rear of the unit The small recessed jack on the left side of the unit is the control port jack NOTE If your terminal uses a DB 25 connector please use a DB 9 to DB 25 Adapter to connect to the cable 2 Power up the terminal and set its RS 232 port as follows 9600 Baud 8 data bits 1 stop bit no parity Local echo off ANSI or VT 100 emulation 3 Here is an example of a terminal emulator setup session In normal font are the various parameter types In bold type are the values that should be used for best results Your terminal program s setup screen may differ from this one Baud rate 9600 Parity None Data Length 8 Stop Bits 1 Default terminal type VT100 Local Echo Off Add Line Feeds after CRs Off Received Backspace Destructive On Backspace key sends BS XON XOFF software flow control On CTS RTS hardware flow control Off DSR DTR hardware flow control Off 14 4 5 6 When the unit is first turned on the terminal screen may appear blank Press the Enter key If your serial connection is good the unit will im
17. USER MANUAL MT910A T1 Fractional T1 CSU DSU with Ethernet Bridging TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page OS ep 2 1 1 1 2 Radio TV Interference 1 3 Equipment Attachment Limitations 1 4 FCC Compliance 1 5 Service Information 2 0 General Information cccccccccccccececcceseesesesesssessssnsseeeeeeeeess 4 2 1 Features 2 2 General Product Description 3 0 Configurations cet cbe ee e nin denote 5 3 1 DIP Switch Configuration 3 2 Software Configuration 4 0 Installation ea a e IRE RERO RR 32 4 1 The Model 1001R14 Rack Chassis 4 2 Installing the Interface Driver Board 4 3 Installing the 2720 Into the Rack Chassis 4 4 Connecting to a DTE Device 4 5 Connecting to a DCE Device 4 6 Connecting the T1 Interface 5 0 Operation uut eaaet cns 36 5 1 LED Descriptions WARNING This device is not intended to be con 5 2 Loop V 54 amp Telco Diagnostics 5 3 Bit Error Rate V 52 Diagnostics nected to the public telephone network in Europe Appendix A Specifications essen 41 Appendix B Cable 42 Appendix C Factory Replacement Parts and Accessories 43 Appendix D T1 Interface Pin Assignments 44 Appendix E DTE Interface Pin Assignments 45 1 3 INDUSTRY CANADA NOTICE The Canadian Department of Communications label iden
18. aintain uninterrupted telephone service 3 If your CSU causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may temporarily discontinue your service If possible they will notify you in advance but if advance notice is not practical you will be noti fied as soon as possible and will be informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC 4 If you experience trouble with the CSU please contact Black Box for service or repairs Repairs should be performed only by Black Box 5 You are required to notify the telephone company when you disconnect the CSU from the network 1 6 SERVICE INFORMATION All warranty and non warranty repairs must be returned freight prepaid and insured to Black Box All returns must have a Return Materials Authorization number on the outside of the shipping container This number may be obtained from Black Box Customer Sales dept at tel 724 746 5500 www http www blackbox com NOTE Packages received without an RMA number will not be accepted Black Box technical staff is also available to answer any questions that might arise concerning the installation or use of your Black Box MT910A 1 7 CE NOTICE The CE symbol on your Black Box equipment indicates that it is in compliance with the Electromagnetic Compatibility EMC directive and the Low Voltage Directive LVD of the European Union EU A Certificate of Compliance is available by contacting Technical Support 2 0 GENERAL INFORMATION
19. an save the changes permanently by exe FTL CUR command wna fect entered hare cuting the Save Changes command This will update the unit s configuration and save all the parameters to permanent mem ory The System Configuration options are described below n Logoff For security log off the control menu by executing the Logoff command This will blank the screen until an Enter key is pressed Line Format ESF default Options ESF D4 UNFRAMED D4 This is an older but widely used line format that does not provide FDL so network interface performance cannot be monitored so easily AT amp T TR 62411 contains the specifica tions for this format and the ESF D4 is also known as Superframe format According to TR 62411 The Superframe format consists of 12 frames of 193 bits each for a total of 2316 bits Each 193 bit frame consists of 192 bits preceded by one framing bit the framing bit is time shared to both syn chronize the terminal equipment and to identify the signaling frames Sec 4 1 1 17 18 ESF This stands for Extended Superframe Format a line format developed by AT amp T AT amp T Technical Reference 54016 TR 54016 defines the ESF a format which is commonly used to allow monitoring of the network interface performance over the Facility Data Link FDL AT amp T TR 62411 says the Extended Superframe Format extends the DS1 superframe structure from 12 to 24 frames for a total of 463
20. ar gt mands The NetLink T1 will implement the loop up command until the desired test pattern appears when it recognizes the pattern 10000 in the data stream for a mini mum of 5 seconds The loop down command is implemented by the pattern 100 in the data stream for a minimum of 5 seconds Test Pattern and toggle the Spacebar to send the selected pattern When operating in ESF framing mode loopback commands are issued via the Facility Data Link FDL The line loop message will cause a loop back before data enters the framer portion of the CSU The payload loop message will cause the NetLink T1 to loop data after the framer portion of the CSU c One of two result codes will appear to the right of the Test Pattern listing OK Indicates that the received test pattern is error free BE Indicates that there are errors in the test pattern to deliberately insert errors in the pattern toggle Error Insertion to ON The NetLink T1 will respond to Universal Loopback De activate to clear all central office loops 5 3 BIT ERROR RATE V 52 DIAGNOSTICS The NetLink T1 offers three V 52 Bit Error Rate BER test pat terns These test patterns may be invoked along with the LAL and RDL tests to evaluate the unit s and the communication links When a 511 2047 or QRSS test is invoked the NetLink T1 generates a pseudo random bit pattern of 511 bits 2047 bits or 2 bits respectively
21. d provides a historical summary up to the last 24 hours of NI performance Only the service provider or special test equip ment can send these requests When AT amp T TR54016 is selected ANSI PRMs are still transmitted by the unit but only PRMs sent by the carrier will be recognized To receive PRMs from another customer unit i e in a campus application select ANSI T1 403 When the frame is not ESF the FDL is disabled ESF Carrier Loops Enabled default Options Enabled Disabled The ESF format provides the CO the ability to put the customer installation s MT910A into loopback mode The MT910A recog nizes these special messages that are sent over the FDL When enabled the unit will respond to these loopback commands and go into or out of loopback mode When disabled the unit will not respond although it still recognizes the loopback commands When in loopback the unit will remain in loopback until a loopback exit command is received or when the loopback timer times out See Unit Options Section 3 2 4 to make Loop Timeout choices This feature allows the remote user to regain control should one be locked out after a loop back is initiated 22 h Remote In band Loops Enabled default Options Enabled Disabled In ESF D4 and Unframed formats the unit can respond to special repeating codes in the data stream that represent loopback com mands The command to loop up go into loopback is a repeating pat tern of
22. ddle of the Diagnostics Statistics EXZ RCL screen The brackets are empty when the FE SE link is operating normally In this example various two or three letter messages are LOS OOF displayed within the brackets illustrating AIS RAI what you may see if the MT910A is not connected at all or is in a loss of signal condition Here are the eight status messages Excessive zeros EXZ i e lack of pulses detected This condition may occur if the unit is not connected to the network in which case the EXZ is displayed continuously If EXZ comes on intermittently there may be a frame line code or data rate mismatch between the near and far end units Receiver Carrier Loss RCL occurs when 192 consecutive zeros have been detected at the network interface RCL clears when a pulse is detected Frame Bit Error FE occurs when there is an error in the framing bit sequence This may happen due to a disconnected line mismatched framing formats or severe errors in the data stream This error may indicate a noisy line or cable condition This error may indicate a noisy line or cable connection if the frames appear to be set correctly Severe Frame Error SE occurs when the framing error exceeds a certain threshold of errors This may happen due to a disconnected line an extremely noisy connection or mismatched framing Loss of Syne LOS occurs when the T1 framer in the unit cannot synchronize itself to the received data st
23. del MT910A RL Initiated Figure 9 Local Loopback There are two Remote Loops that can be initiated from the NetLink T1 unit 1 V 54 Loop and 2 CSU Loop The user can select the type of loop that can be initiated from the System Diagnostics Statistics screen or with Switch S1 1 When a loopback is initiated this is the type of loop that the unit uses to loop up the remote unit NOTE The NetLink T1 will respond to both loops regard less of the state of the RDL Type To perform an RDL test follow these steps 1 Activate RDL This may be done in two ways a Enter Remote Loop from the System Diagnostics Statistics menu and toggle the lt Spacebar gt until RL appears next to theii Remote Loop option b Setthe front panel switch to Remote 38 2 Perform a bit error rate test BERT using the internal V 52 To perform a V 52 test follow these steps generator as described in Section 5 3 or using a separate BER Tester If the BER test indicates a fault and the Local 1 Activate the local loopback or remote loopback diagnostic Line Loopback test was successful for both NetLink s you may have a problem with the twisted pair line connection 2 Activate the test pattern This may be done in one of two ways 5 2 3 CSU Loop a Enter Il Selected Pattern from the System The NetLink T1 also responds to central office initiated loop com Diagnostics Statistics menu and toggle the lt Spaceb
24. e for a zero in bit 7 out of 8 of a DSO channel when the data in that channel are all zeros This is a special form of AMI and is compatible only with special equipment For most applications AMI or B8ZS will suffice used with external clocking DSO Line Rate 64kbps default Options 64kbps 56kbps Line Coding B8ZS default 64kbps Also known as Clear Channel this takes full advantage Options AMI B8ZS B7ZS of the available bandwidth in a DSO channel Implementing it usually requires B8ZS line coding In certain cases special AMI Alternate Mark Inversion defines a pulse as a mark a equipment may implement Clear Channel using AMI or B7ZS binary one as opposed to a zero In a T1 DS1 network con nection signals are transmitted as a sequence of ones and zeros Ones are sent as pulses and zeros are sent as spaces i e no pulse Every other pulse is inverted from the previous pulse in polarity so that the signal can be effectively transmitted This means however that a long sequence of zeros in the data stream will cause problems since the CSU DSU receiving the signal relies on the signal to recover the 1 544 Mb s clock To get around this problem one method is to limit the data rate per channel known as a DSO because it is a 64 kb s portion of the DS1 frame or super frame to 56 kb s and forcing a pulse in the last data bit to ensure a minimum pulse density in the signal If you must use AMI with a DSO data rate
25. ike this factory default Header Line 1 amp Header Line 2 Headers 1 and 2 are provided for easy identification of your unit after installation You may want to give each unit a unique name via the header lines to help distinguish one unit from another You can enter a header up to 40 letters long Two lines provide 80 letters for your use That s a lot of flexibility Password The Password facility provides security by allowing only those who know the correct password to configure the unit via the control port You can still configure the unit via the DIP switches The password can be up to 16 characters long with no restriction on the combination of characters you can use so be sure to remember the password If you lose your password you will lose the ability to access the unit via the control port 31 Loop Timeout The Loop Timeout setting can be set to one of the following 00 05 five minutes 00 10 ten minutes 00 15 fifteen minutes 00 30 thirty minutes default setting 00 45 forty five minutes 01 00 one hour 01 30 90 minutes 02 00 two hours 03 00 three hours NEVER forever the unit will remain in loopback without user intervention Tx Data Clock This option selects the clock that is used to accept the Transmit Data from the DTE interface Standard DTE interfaces will transmit data with respect to the External Clock In some cases a DTE interface will transmit with res
26. it clock source El Line Build Out dB 0 133 feet 0 dB default Options 7 5 dB 15 0 dB 22 5 dB This controls the transmitter signal strength and pulse shape For most applications the default setting will suffice When connecting to a carrier connection the carrier will determine what LBO is necessary OdB provides the highest signal strength and therefore the longest dis tance while 15 0 dB provides the lowest usable signal strength The last setting 22 5 dB is usually only used to test the line and should not be used in normal applications 21 ESF Data Link ANSI T1 403 default Options ANSI T1 403 AT amp T TR54016 ANSI T1 403 This ANSI developed standard see ANSI T1 403 1995 Network to Customer Installation DS1 Metallic Interface uses the FDL to send and receive one second Performance Report Messages PRMs The messages con tain the NI performance over the last four seconds Thus up to three consecutive messages may be lost without loss of information It is available only with ESF When ANSI T1 403 is selected requests to send AT amp T performance reports ref AT amp T TR 54016 are ignored AT amp T TR54016 Developed by AT amp T this FDL method differs principally from the ANSI method in two ways First the ANSI method transmits messages continuously whereas the AT amp T method transmits a performance report only upon a request from the remote end for a report Second the AT amp T metho
27. it is reset to zero and the Interval Counter is incremented by one if the count is less than 96 Valid Interval Count 96 Current Interval Time 899 Error Counters These error counters give a second by second snapshot of the link performance To clear all counters press the Backspace key If your keyboard does not have this key you can press a two key combi nation to affect the same result Hold down the Ctrl key and then press the H key This will send to the unit the Ctrl H character which is the same as pressing the Backspace key ERR SEC Errored Seconds in Current Interval UAS SEC Unavailable Seconds SE SEC Severely Errored Seconds BE SEC Bursty Errored Seconds LOF SEC Loss of Frame Error Seconds 29 Rx PRM The NetLink T1 transmits ANSI performance report messages once a second when the framing mode is ESF When the ESF Data Link is set to ANSI T1 403 the unit recognizes PRMs with addresses of 38h or 3Ah The address 3Ah indicates the PRM is coming from a Carrier whereas the address 38h indicates the PRM is coming from a Customer When the ESF Data Link is set to AT amp T TR54016 the unit recognizes Carrier originated PRMs which have an address of 3Ah Rx PRM 00010000000300023289 Current DIP Switch Settings The Switch settings are displayed here to facilitate troubleshooting your unit without opening up the unit first 30 3 3 6 Unit Information The Unit Options screen looks l
28. mediately display a password prompt The following message will appear in the middle of the screen Black Box Menu Management Enter Password _ Type in the password and press Enter The factory default password for the unit is password is case sensitive blackbox NOTE If the entry is incorrect the password screen will clear and prompt you again for the correct password The password you enter will not be shown For security asterisks will be dis played for each letter you type The maximum length of the password which can include any character the terminal can generate is 16 characters The MT910A will then display the Main Menu screen 15 3 2 1 Introduction to Main Menu After entering the password you may access all of the system s functions and parameters The Main Menu looks like this eee Digit Lod Feat bee ee Unit Opticon j System Configurarionn isa nsswed changed fill be l st Select Itea Eighlightac cm Ta fo joren Crrl L ea eee Fee HELPFUL HINTS 1 To make a selection key the highlighted letter that corre sponds to a menu selection 2 To execute the selection type Enter CH 3 To toggle between options a highlighted selection Press space 4 Select Kill Save Changes from Main Menu after making modi fications to any MT910A parameter Otherwise changes will be lo
29. mote device that supports PPP bridging to function as a node on the remote Ethernet network The serial interface on the Cisco will have an IP address on the same Ethernet subnet as the bridge MT910A Router 3 Bridge ry imaami E m Ethernet LAN PEC Device w Serial I F Figure 1 Cisco router with serial interface configured as PPP Half Bridge For example the customer site is assigned the addresses 192 168 1 0 24 through 192 168 1 1 24 The address 192 168 1 1 24 is also the default gateway for the remote net work The above settings remove any routing forwarding intel ligence from the CPE The associated Cisco configuration will set serial interface sO to accommodate half bridging for the above example Authentication is optional under PPP In a point to point leased line link incoming customer facilities are usually fixed in nature therefore authentication is generally not required If the foreign device requires authentication via PAP or CHAP the PPP software will respond with default Peer ID consisting of the units Ethernet MAC address and a password which consists of the unit s Ethernet MAC address Some networking systems do not define network numbers in packets sent out over a network If a packet does not have a specific destination network number a router will assume that the packet is set up for the local segment and will not for ward it
30. nding a pattern Local loopback is disabled LocP MT910A is in Local Loopback mode and is send ing a test pattern 25 Remote Loop Idle default The Remote Digital Loopback RDL test checks the performance of both the local and remote MT910As as well as the communica tion link between them Data from the local DTE is sent across the entire communication circuit and looped back to the local DTE The MT910A Initiating a RL can be in one of the following states Idle No user controlled loopbacks are active TxPr MT910A is sending the preparatory phase pattern lasting for approximately 2 5 seconds WtAk The MT910A is waiting for an acknowledgement from the remote unit If the remote unit does not respond the WtAKk message will remain on the screen RxAk The MT910A has received an acknowledgement from the remote unit Tout The MT910A is waiting before entering the Remote Loopback test mode TM The MT910A has successfully negotiated the Remote Loopback test and is in control of the remote unit You may send a test pattern at this point by pressing lt spacebar gt TxTr The MT910A is sending a Terminate Loopback mes sage to the remote unit If the remote unit does not respond the local unit will return to the Idle state Txis Ifthe remote MT910A responds to the local NetLink T1 s terminate loopback request the local unit then sends an all ones pattern before returning to the Idle state
31. pect to the Transmit clock sent out from the MT910A Please review the information provided with your DTE equipment for more information on its operation In most cases when there are errors on the line only in the direction of the transmit data either Tx Data Clock or Tx Clock Invert can be changed to solve the problem Tx Clock Invert This option allows the user to invert the transmit clock originating in the MT910A When Tx Data Clock is set for transmit clock it may be necessary to invert the transmit clock to allow for cable delays Set to Default Configuration You may set the NetLink T1 to its factory default configuration except for the header lines and the password by executing the Set to Default Configuration command 32 4 0 INSTALLATION The MT910A is equipped with DTE network and power inter faces This section briefly describes connection to each 4 1 Connecting the 10Base T Ethernet Port to a PC DTE e M 10BaseT Interface E Ethernet Control Port Mada in tha USA LAN ut ne T1 Interface il 1 TD data output from MT910A 2 TD data output from MT910A 3 RD data input to MT910A 4 no connection 5 no connection 6 RD data input to MT910A 8 connection Figure 3 Connecting the 10Base T Ethernet Port to a PC The 10Base T Interface is configured as DTE
32. ream This may happen due to a disconnected line Out of Frame OOF occurs when no valid frame structure can be found This may happen due to a disconnected line or mismatched framing or mismatched framing Alarm Indication Signal AIS indicates that the remote unit or the central office is sending a Blue Alarm because it is not receiving a sig nal the alarm is an unframed all ones signal mainly used to keep the line alive and to indicate that it is not receiving any signal This may indicate that the local unit is receiving a good signal but that the trans mit link may be broken 28 Receive Alarm Indication RAI indicates that the local unit is receiv ing a Yellow Alarm This alarm is sent by the remote unit or the central office when it loses the received signal This indicates the local unit s transmitted signal is not reaching the remote unit Rx Level The MT910A displays the current received signal strength in dB There are four level ranges detected 2 to 7 5 7 5 to 15 15 to 22 5 22 5 Valid Interval Count amp Current Interval Time The Valid Interval Count and Current Interval Time display the number of valid 15 minute intervals in the last 24 hours and the num ber of seconds which have elapsed in the current interval respectively The Valid Interval Count saturates at the count of 96 96 15min 24 hours while the Current Interval Time rolls over after 900 counts When the counter rolls over
33. rity or electrician as appropriate 1 4 FCC INFORMATION The MT910A has been tested and registered in compli ance with the specifications in Part 68 of the FCC rules A label on the equipment bears the FCC registration number You may be requested to provide this information to your telephone company Your telephone company may make changes in its facilities equipment operations or procedures that could affect the proper operation of the MT910A Series If this happens the telephone company should give you advance notice to prevent the interruption of your service The tele phone company may decide to temporarily discontinue your service if they believe your MT910A may cause harm to the telephone network Whenever possible they will contact you in advance If you elect to do so you have the right to file a complaint with the FCC If you have any trouble operating the MT910A please contact Black Box Technical Support 724 746 5500 The telephone company may ask you to disconnect the equipment from the telephone network until the problem has been corrected or until you are certain that the MT910A is not malfunctioning In accordance with FCC rules and regulation CFR 47 68 218 b 6 you must notify the telephone company prior to disconnection The following information may be required when applying to your local telephone company for 3 leased line facilities The Universal Service Order Code USOC is RJ48 The Facility Interface Codes
34. rnal DIP switches Switch Once the unit is powered up you may change the settings through the control port or the DIP switches If you do not have a terminal you may force the unit to use the DIP switches as the default configuration source by turning off the unit setting all the DIP switches to the ON position then powering on the 23 unit This will cause the unit to enter a special mode Then turn off the unit and change the switch settings to the desired settings When you turn the unit on again the unit will be set up with the selected switch settings DSO Channel Configuration Menu Bandwidth Channels 1 536 24 default The DSO Channel Configuration Menu has a sub menu that looks like this Hanpegenmert 2n af Cm m a Parrot 50 creant E chara CR a ject Item Highlighted Iram Fairey Changa Option Specs Bar Erit Esc A el eee res You may configure the MT910A to operate with any combina tion of active and inactive DSO channels in this screen When you exe cute the Save Changes command the selected settings will be saved to permanent memory and the system will be updated to operate with the new channel settings NOTE In Unframed format the Bandwidth Selected will display 1 544k and the Total Channels will display n a When the DSO Channel
35. st when the MT910A is turned off 16 The Main Menu options are briefly described below 3 2 2 System Configuration El System Configuration options allow you to change various The default System Configuration menu looks like this aspects of the MT910A s operation e g framing line cod ing and aggregate bandwidth Hain Heru Henn Hamegemert System Diagnostics Statistics options allow you to monitor the network performance initiate V 54 loops local loops and come stadi nnum send test patterns Network performance parameters are PSO Line Bare 6akbps updated once a second giving you the ability to quickly deter e ai pm MEE Ling Build Jut 1 11 mine if there is problem pu aus ESF Cmrrimr Lucpm Enak led Unit Options allow you to customize the MT910A for your Tosco Enabled P Tani Loap Enab led location You can change the default header names to give Pefaulr Config Source EEPROH each unit a unique name and password Also you can reset Channel Configuration Neco Hmzcwidth H Chmnzelm 1 756 the unit to its default settings without the manual It also has a Service Information screen in case you need technical assis gelest Item Highlighted Item Jo to Hub memu Enrer tance from Black Box delecr Oprion Space Bar Exit Esc Screen Crrl L Save Changes you have configured the unit to your satisfaction you c
36. stablish a network protocol PPP will use Network Control Protocol NCP to choose and con figure one or more network layer protocols Once each of the net work layer protocols have been configured datagrams from the established network layer protocol can be sent over the link The link will remain configured for these communications until explicit LCP or NCP packets close the link down or until some external event occurs The PPP Bridging Control Protocol BCP defined in RFC 1638 configures and enables disables the bridge protocol on both ends of the point to point link BCP uses the same packet exchange mechanism as the Link Control Protocol LCP BCP is a Network Control Protocol of PPP bridge packets may not be exchanged until PPP has reached the network layer protocol phase 3 1 APPLICATIONS In situations where a routed network requires connectivity to a remote Ethernet network the interface on a router can be configured as a PPP IP Half Bridge The serial line to the remote bridge functions as a Virtual Ethernet interface effec tively extending the routers serial port connection to the remote network The bridge device sends bridge packets BPDU s to the router s serial interface The router will receive the layer three address information and will forward these packets based on its IP address Figure 1 shows a typical Cisco router with a serial interface configured as a PPP Half Bridge The router serial interface uses a re
37. tifies cer tified equipment This certification means that the equipment meets certain telecommunications network protective operational and safety requirements The Department does not guarantee the equipment will operate to the user s satisfaction Before installing this equipment users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facili ties of the local telecommunications company The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of connection In some cases the company s inside wiring associated with a single line individ ual service may be extended by means of a certified connector assem bly telephone extension cord The customer should be aware that compliance with the above condition may not prevent degradation of service in some situations Repairs to some certified equipment should be made by an authorized maintenance facility designated by the sup plier Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment or equipment malfunctions may give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment Users should ensure for their own protection that the ground connections of the power utility telephone lines and internal metallic water pipe system are connected together This protection may be particularly important in rural areas CAUTION Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves but should contact the appropriate electric inspection autho
38. tion 51 1 RDL Type On V 54 RDL 51 2 Reserved On 1 3 Tx Clock Invert Off Nome 1 4 Line Build Out Off 0dB 1 5 Off 1 6 Reserved Off 51 7 Reserved Off 51 8 Reserved Off Switch S1 1 RDL Type Switch S1 1 selects the type of Remote Digital Loopback that the MT910A will initiate when the RDL is initiated from this unit The MT910A will respond to both the V54 and the CSU loopback regardless of the setting of S1 1 51 1 RDL Type On Initiate a V 54 RDL loop when selected Off Initiate a CSU loopback when selected Switch S1 2 Reserved 12 Switch S1 3 Tx Clock Invert Switch 51 3 allows the user to invert the transmit clock originating in the MT910A When S1 2 is set for transmit clock it may be necessary to invert the transmit clock to allow for delays due to long cables 51 3 Tx Clock Invert On Transmit clock is inverted Off Transmit clock is normal Switches S1 4 and S1 5 Line Build Out Use Switches 51 4 and 51 5 to set the Line Build Out LBO The Line Build Out varies the pulse shape and attenuation of the signal sent to the network The amount of Line Build Out depends on NetLink T1 s distance to the last repeater The telephone company providing the service will advise on the amount of LBO necessary In most cases the default setting will suffice SW1 4 SW1 5 Function Off Off OdB On Off 7 5dB Off On 15 0dB On On 22 5dB Switch S1 6 Through S1 8 Reserved 13 3 2 SOFTWARE CONFIGURATI
39. tion has greater priority than an empty MAC table Valid system statuses are 1 pulse system status is okay 2 pulses MAC entries in the MAC Address Table 3 pulses Clear to Send CTS or Carrier Detect DCD from base unit are not asserted 4 pulses IM1 I buffer is saturated 5 pulses WAN receive frame s too large 6 pulses WAN receive frame s not octet aligned 7 pulses WAN receive frame s aborted 8 pulses Detected WAN receive frame s with CRC 35 9 pulses Detected LAN receive frame s too large 10 pulses Detected LAN receive frame s not octet aligned 11 pulses Detected LAN receive frame s with bad CRC The alarm LED indicates the presence of a Blue or Yellow Alarm or Out of Frame con dition The ALM LED will blink on every half second Alarms may occur due to Loss of Synchronization Loss of Frame AIS Blue Alarm RAI Yellow Alarm The error LED indicates various error condi tions including framing bit errors excessive zeros controlled slips severe errors or bit errors when sending V 52 test patterns When sending a test pattern the LED will remain lit if the unit does not receive the identical pattern When it receives the cor rect pattern the LED will turn off If error insertion is on the LED will blink once a second if everything is operating properly The test indicator LED blinks with a specific pattern depending on the type of test mode When
40. to any other sub network However in cases where two devices need to communicate over the wide area bridg ing can be used to transport non routable protocols Figure 2 illustrates transparent bridging between two routers over a serial interface sO Bridging will occur between the two Ethernet Interfaces on Router A e0 and 1 and the two Ethernet Interfaces on Router B e0 and e1 no ip routing interface EthernetO ip address 1 1 1 1 255 255 255 0 bridge group 1 interface Serial ip address 1 1 1 1 255 255 255 0 encapsulation PPP bridge group 1 interface Serial1 ip address 2 2 2 2 255 255 255 0 bridge group 1 bridge 1 protocol ieee Router A Serial Interface T1 FT1 Link Using Bridge Groups multi ple remote LANs can be bridged over the wide area Serial Interface on T1 FT1 Link Figure 2 Transparent bridging between two routers over a serial interface 8 MT910A 3 1 4 Switch S2 The table below shows the default configurations for Switch S2 A description of all S2 options follows this table S2 SUMMARY TABLE Position Function Factory Default Selected Option S2 1 Data Rate On 52 2 Data Rate On DE E S2 3 Data Rate On S2 4 Framing amp Coding Off ESF B8ZS 2 5 DSO Rate On 64 kbps S2 6 Clock Mode Off Network 52 7 Clock Mode Off Network S2 8 Reserved Off Reserved
41. using a mathematical polynomial The receiving NetLink T1 then decodes the received bits using the same polyno mial If the received bits match the agreed upon pseudo random pat tern then the NetLink T1 s and the communication link s are func tioning properly 511 Initiates a built in 511 bit pseudo random pattern generator and detector 2047 Initiates a built in 2047 bit pseudo random pattern generator and detector QRSS Initiates a built in 2 bit pseudo random pattern generator and detector 39 40 APPENDIX A Black Box NETLINK T1 MT910A WAN Speed WAN Connection Nominal Impedance DTE Interface Line Coding Line Framing Receive LBO Transmit LBO Clock Options Diagnostics Standards Power Supply Dimensions SPECIFICATIONS 1 544 Mbps RJ 48C 100 Ohms 10Base T Ethernet 802 3 AMI B8ZS D4 ESF Unframed Automatic Selectable 0 7 5 15 or 22 5 dB plus DSX 1 Internal or network clock Responds to CO initiated D4 loopup and loopdown codes ESF line loop and payload loop FDL messages Universal Loopback De activate mes sage V 54 Remote Loop Local Loop and V 52 BER Patterns 511 2047 QRSS AT amp T TR62411 TR54016 ANSI T1 403 120VAC 60 Hz to 5VDC 300mA wall mount transformer or UI 100 240VAC 50 60 Hz to 5 VDC 2A desktop trans former 3 5 L x 2 1 W x 0 78 H 9 0 x 5 3 x 1 9 cm 5 0 Lx 42 W x 1 5 H 41 APPENDIX B ETHERNET 10BASE T SPECIFICATIO
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