EPROM EMULATOR USER`S MANUAL MODEL EE08
Contents
1. EPROM EMULATOR USER S MANUAL MODEL EE08 Version 1 1 6 18 93 Copyright c Technical Solutions 1993 INTRODUCTION Thank you for selecting a Technical So utions product We have made every attempt to provide a quality product at an affordable price Our goal is to provide tools for Engineers and Technicians that are inexpensive but fully functional If you have any problems or comments please don t hesitate to call or FAX us and let us know The EE08 uses SRAM or battery backed SRAM to emulate EPROMS up to 4MBits in size An IBM compatible computer PC is used to down load object code into the SRAM CONFIGURATION CONFIGURE SRAM SIZE Set jumper J3 to indicate the size of SRAM being used For SRAMs larger than I Mbit jumper pin 1 to 2 closest to the edge of the board For smaller SRAMS jumper pin 2 to3 This jumper determines whether SRAM socket pin 30 receives 5V or A17 This information is written in the silk screen inside the SRAM socket 2 CONFIGURE TARGET SOCKET SIZE Set jumper J8 to indicate the size of the target socket This jumper determines which target pin is used to supply power to the EE08 For 32 pin target sockets jumper pin 1 to 2 closest to the board edge For 28 pin target sockets jumper pin 2 to 3 3 INSTALL SRAM Install the SRAM into the EE08 Insert the SRAM with the notch pointing the same direction as the notch shown on the silk screen If you are using a 282. JH unsigned char read_sym void JII lt WRITE SYM Writes the given byte to the semaphore byte the value of the semaphore byte after the write unsigned char write sym unsigned char wdata BW TTL HEX2BIN Translates the 1 to 8 character HEX string pointed to by the parameter into its binary equivalent NOTES 1 hex MUST be a valid NULL terminated string 2 Only the last 8 characters of a string are valid 3 Non HEX characters get converted to 0 unsigned long int hex2bin unsigned char hex
3. TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS BLDOS program does error checking before and optionally after thm download The possible error messages and possible solutions are listed below 1 A PRINTER PORT WAS NOT FOUND AT xxxx At the beginning of the download the program verifies that the device at the selected port address appears to be a printer port This error is printed if there is no device at this address or the device does not respond like a printer port Use the command line parameter P xxx to configure BLDOS for the base address of a valid printer port The most common port addresses are 3BC 278 and 378 2 ERROR THE EE08 IS NOT RESPONDING After the printer port is verified BLD08 check to see if an EE08 is connected and communicating properly This message is generated if the EE08 fails to respond properly If you receive this message check the following items Verify that the EE08 is plugged into the printer port that was specified Verify that the cable is connected properly Verify that the target is powered up during the down load Verify that the EE08 is plugged in properly Verify that J8 is jumpered properly for the target socket size If you extended the download cable try removing it If you do buy a longer modular cable be sure to purchase one that is wired the same as the one provided 8 conductor pin 1 to pin 1 Note that modular cables can be purchased in straight through or cross over confi
4. This allows the use of multi port parallel cards that do not map directly into LPTI LPT3 Most BIOS DOS compatible printer ports are located at one of the following I O addresses 378 3BC or 278 ADDITIONAL NOTES 1 Most linker locators will generate Binary files quicker than Intel Hex or Motorola S files Binary files are more compact if your EPROM is over 40 full and therefor download quicker With that in mind we wrote the BLD08 program to use Binary files If your Linker or Locator will only generate HEX files you will need to convert them to Binary before downloading them The UTILITY directory on the DISK contains a utility that will do this conversion for you HEX2BIN EXE will accept INTEL and MOTOROLA HEX files in 8 16 and 32 bit addressing formats and convert them to binary Type HEX2BIN without parameters to view the parameter syntax 2 The RESET and RESET outputs are driven by TRI STATED devices They are active during the download only 3 The Emulator and therefor the target must be powered before the object code can be down loaded into it If you use a battery backed SRAM it will retain its information when power is removed However power MUST be applied to the EE08 before new data can be downloaded into it 4 The pin header on the EE08 is documented below PIN NUMBER FUNCTION NOTES RESET pin closest to LED 3 WRITE from TARGET W AIT to TARGET GRANT from TARGET a ae NN
5. avoidance the HOST accesses the EE08 at will The target watches the counter bits to determine when it is safe to access the memory thereby avoiding a collision The counter bits are actually the bit counter for the serial download from the host The HOST will actually READ or WRITE to the memory IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE COUNTER BITS ADVANCE xxxxx111B Ifthe target NEVER accesses the memory space when the counter bits are set it will never collide with the HOST This method does not require additional connections to the target Naturally this will NOT work if the target is executing out of this same memory space because the code fetches would not watch the counter bits CONNECTIONS REQUEST jumpered to GRANT W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL SEMAPHORE HANDSHAKING The control bits within the semaphore byte can be used to implement a handshake protocol between the HOST and TARGET For example The HOST could set HO to indicate that he wants control of the memory space and likewise the target could set TO to indicate his need of the space If each side respects the other s request no collisions will occur Since the hardware cannot guarantee atomic read write operations the algorithms must If both sides implement the following pseudo code safe access will be guaranteed ACCESS clear SUCCESS assume failure if target bit not set set my
6. 08 will ALWAYS arbitrate for the HOST This is the method used by the download program If the target and HOST collide the HOST will complete a valid cycle and the target will retrieve garbage The RESET lines can be used to hold the target in reset during the operation if desired This is the fastest method of accessing the EE08 because it does not have to arbitrate for each access If your application will need to be reset after the access like in a code change or if an occasional miss read of the data is acceptable as in some look up tables then this is the fastest and simplest method requiring no extra connections CONNECTIONS REQUEST jumpered to GRANT W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL SEMAPHORE BYTE AVOIDANCE The 08 contains a fully dual ported byte of memory This byte can be accessed by the TARGET and the HOST at any time without fear of a collision A command line flag allows you place this byte at offset 0 in the EE08 memory space or at offset Ox7ffff The downloader moves it high by default possibly out of reach by your target This SEMAPHORE byte can be used in several ways The diagram below documents the contents of this byte SEMAPHORE BYTE DEFINITION F RN eee o C0 C2 COUNTER READ ONLY H0 H2 HOST CONTROL Only the HOST can write both can read TOTI TARGET CONTROL Only the TARGET can write both can read In simple
7. E LOW OPEN COLLECTOR CONNECTIONS REQUEST jumpered to GRANT W AIT connected to TARGET wait or ready RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL REQUEST GRANT Ifthe TARGET has bus mastering capabilities this can be used for arbitration The REQUEST line from the EE08 can be connected to a bus request line on the TARGET When the EE08 needs to access the EE08 memory space it asserts REQUEST This tells the TARGET that a master wants control of the system The TARGET arbitration circuitry holds off the local processor and generates a GRANT signal This signal is connected to the EE08 GRANT pin Since the processor is being held off it can not access the EE08 memory space and will not collide with the HOST access When the HOST has completed its access it will release the GRANT line relinquishing control to the TARGET processor REQUEST and GRANT are an ACTIVE LOW TTL compatible signals CONNECTIONS REQUEST connected to TARGET bus request GRANT connected to TARGET bus grant W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL SUMMARY The SOFTWARE UART implementation provides hardware independent communications between the HOST and TARGET It requires NO TARGET connections and will work with any TARGET However it requires software on both ends of the link The REQUEST GRANT or WAIT STATE implementa
8. S REQUEST jumpered to GRANT W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL SEMAPHORE HANDSHAKE with interrupts This approach is similar to the last one The main difference is that the EE08 REQUEST line is used to interrupt the TARGET when access is needed The SEMAPHORE bits are then used to indicate when access is granted This eliminates the need for the TARGET to constantly poll for requests CONNECTIONS REQUEST connected to TARGET interrupt GRANT n c W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL SOFTWARE UART Use the semaphore bits to implement a software UART In this approach the HOST never accesses the memory space directly except during the initial download Commands are sent serially through the semaphore byte to the TARGET The target responds serially back through the semaphore byte The routines could use 1 bit for data and another bit for handshake data ready data received This method is particularly suited for micro controllers that can not execute out of other memory space do not have ready wait lines and do not have bus request grant lines Since the memory space is not being accessed directly by the HOST there is no need for arbitration The EE08 request and grant lines are free for other uses The UTIL08 LIB contains routines to use these lines directly The request line
9. bit if target bit still not set do read s and or writes s set SUCCESS else clear my bit clear SUCCESS until SUCCESS j This methods requires no additional connections to the target The target can execute out of this memory space during the arbitration and during the time the target owns the space However once the HOST gain control of the space the target must execute out of other memory space to avoid fetching garbage in the event of a collision Since the TARGET does not know when the HOST will win arbitration this method is not too useful if the TARGET must execute out of this space A better approach is presented below ALGORITHM 2 PARK the arbitration on the TARGET port make the HOST ask for access In this approach The HOST requests access to the memory space by setting his bit and waiting for the TARGET to grant access by setting his bit The TARGET will only do so when it is safe for him he is executing out of some other memory space for the duration of the HOST access This slows down the HOST accesses but gives the TARGET full control HOST read 08 byte address set host request bit wait for target granted bit data read address clear host request bit return data TARGET POLL if his request bit set and I feel generous call GRANT GRANT this routine MUST be outside of the memory space set my granted bit wait for his request bit to be cleared clear my granted bit return CONNECTION
10. could be used to interrupt the TARGET when a valid data bit is ready from the HOST Likewise the TARGET can assert the grant line when it has valid data ready The grant line can be polled by the HOST It is also connected to the interrupt line on the printer port card 1f enabled The HOST can take advantage of this if an Interrupt Service Routine is implemented If these lines are used the UART routines could transfer 2 data bits at a time in interrupt mode NOTE We intend to provide source and executables of examples of a software UART and interrupt routines in the near future If these have been distributed since the printing of this manual the code and documentation will be on the distribution diskette CONNECTIONS REQUEST connected to TARGET interrupt OPTIONAL GRANT connected to TARGET control bit OPTIONAL W AIT n c RESET or RESET connected to TARGET reset OPTIONAL WRITE connected to TARGET write OPTIONAL WAIT STATES Ifthe TARGET has wait state circuitry this can be used to effect arbitration The W AIT line on the EEOS is connected to the WAIT line on the TARGET The 08 will wait for any TARGET access to complete before starting its access If the TARGET then starts another access before the HOST access is complete it will be held off with wait states until the HOST access is complete At that time the WAIT line is released and the TARGET is allowed to complete its access The WAIT line is ACTIV
11. cularly if it is a 2 layer or wire wrapped board The EE08 requires about twice as much current as the EPROM it is emulating 7 Verify that the download file is a BINARY file Use HEX2BIN to convert it if necessary 8 If you used a HEX to BINARY conversion program verify that you specified the REAL physical starting address of the EPROM for the conversion 9 If you used the O parameter for the download verify that you really needed this option It is rarely used 10 If you are using a target socket extension cable try removing it Cables tend to add reflections crosstalk and additional capacitive loading to the target If you need additional technical assistance we can be reached at Technical Solutions P O BOX 462101 Garland TX 75046 2101 Voice 214 272 9392 FAX 214 494 5814 Please be prepared with the following information EPROM being emulated DIP switch and jumper settings SRAM being used Command line parameters being used EXACT if any error messages generated Target information CPU SPEED strange memory maps etc ADVANCED INSTALLATIONS This section documents the various arbitration schemes supported by the EE08 and the proper installation to use them WE HIGHLY RECOMMEND VERIFYING THE BASIC INSTALLATION FIRST There are 6 different basic methods supported with numerous variations or combinations Each are discussed below ABSOLUTE If no arbitration is selected the EE
12. e direction as the notch on the target socket If you are inserting the EE08 into a 28 pin socket insert it so that pins 1 2 31 and 32 hang over the end of the socket These pins are designed to float un terminated When the 08 is inserted properly pin 3 of the EE08 will be placed in pin 1 of the socket Be sure to configure J8 for a 28 pin Target socket 4 Select an un used printer port on your IBM compatible PC XT AT 5 Plug the supplied DB 25 to RJ 45 converter into the selected port 6 Plug one end of the supplied RJ 45 cable into the adapter 7 Plug the other end of the RJ 45 cable into the EE08 jack 8 OPTIONAL Connect a jumper between one of the reset pins active high or active low on the EEOS to the appropriate place on the target if automatic reset is desired during each download RESET and RESET are tri stated TTL CMOS compatible outputs capable of sourcing or sinking 15 milliamps They are active during downloads and tri stated during emulation 11 Apply power to the target system 12 Run the loader program We wrote the loader as a command line driven routine rather than an interactive one This allows you to run the program from a batch file without intervention It can be added directly to your Compile Link Locate batch file Enter BLD08 without parameters to see the parameter syntax All parameters are optional and can be listed in any order The Printer Port is specified by base address rather than LPTx
13. gurations 8 Try a different printer port ON Q OQ 3 Once the port is verified and the EE08 responds properly the download is completed If the V flag is used on the command line the contents of the 08 is then compared to the contents of the file that was just down loaded Ifa single byte is different BLD08 will stop and report a VERIFY ERROR AT xxxx If you receive this error message check the following Verify that J3 is jumpered properly for the size of SRAM installed Verify that the download file is NOT larger than the SRAM Have your SRAM checked or try another one If you extended the download cable try removing it If you do buy a longer modular cable be sure to purchase one that is wired the same as the one provided 8 conductor pin 1 to pin 1 Note that modular cables can be purchased in straight through or cross over configurations 6 Try a different printer port OQ 4 If the target does not respond as expected after the download and you DID NOT receive any error messages check the following 1 Verify that the DIP switches are set properly 2 Verify that J3 and J8 are set properly 3 Verify that the download file will fit in the EPROM being emulated 4 Verify that the EE08 is plugged into the target properly Verify that the target is supplying a full clean 5Volts to the EE08 6 Verify that the target has adequate power supply by passing parti
14. ll model with BORLANDC 3 1 and MICROSOFT VISUAL C 1 0 However they do not use any of the C features just plain old C A description of each procedure follows III init08 initializes and verifies the printer port Also sets the semaphore byte high or low as requested RETURNS 0 gt no errors 1 gt printer port not found 2 gt EE08 not found NOTES should be the first routine called WHITE T unsigned char init08 unsigned int port addr unsigned char sym addr JII TARGET RESET Asserts or De asserts reset to the target options are 0 gt release reset non zero gt assert reset RETURNS nothing JI void target reset unsigned char reset flag ARB METHOD Sets the arbitration method to be used Options are AUTOMATIC 1 or MANUAL 0 RETURNS nothing NOTES AUTOMATIC should ONLY be used if REQUEST GRANT or W AIT is connected MANUAL should be used if software is being used for avoidance or if manual control of this line is desired JI void arb method unsigned char arb method BUS REQUEST Manually asserts 1 or de asserts 0 the bus request bit for manual arbitration or for other uses of this control pin RETURNS nothing JII void bus request unsigned char rq flag JII BUS GRANTED Returns true if the target has granted access to the bus t
15. o the HOST Used for manual arbitration or other uses of this input pin unsigned char bus granted void JII READ BYTE Reads a byte from the requested offset in the EE08 Arbitration is used if AUTO Arbitration is in effect or if MANUAL arbitration is being used and BUS_REQUEST is active JI unsigned char read byte unsigned long int offset JINI WRITE BYTE Writes the given byte to the given offset in the EE08 Arbitration is used if AUTO Arbitration is in effect or if MANUAL arbitration is being used and BUS_REQUEST is active RETURNS nothing JI void write byte unsigned char wdata unsigned long int offset JII WRITE NEXT Writes the given byte into the next location in the EE08 This command is only valid following a write _ byte or another write next command Arbitration is used if AUTO Arbitration is in effect or if MANUAL arbitration is being used and BUS_REQUEST is active RETURNS nothing HIA T void write next unsigned char wdata JII READ NEXT Reads the next byte from the EE08 This is only valid following a READ BYTE or another READ NEXT command Arbitration is used if AUTO Arbitration is in effect or if MANUAL arbitration is being used and BUS_REQUEST is active unsigned char read next void JINI READ SYM reads and return the current value of the semaphore
16. pin SRAM insert it as shown on the silk screen with socket pins 1 2 31 and 32 empty 4 SET THE DIP SWITCHES The dip switches configure the EE08 for the EPROM size being emulated These MUST be set correctly for the unit to function properly These switches intercept the upper address lines from the target SW1 closest to the download cable controls the highest address line A18 The next one controls A17 and so forth The last 2 switches are not connected To emulate a 4Mbit EPROM 27040 all switches are closed While emulating a 2Mbit EPROM SW1 is opened To emulate a IMbit EPROM SW1 and SW2 are opened This continues until all switches are opened for a 64Kbit EPROM This is summarized below B 2710 off off on B 5552 Ttt B BASIC INSTALLATION 1 Turn power off to the Target 2 IF YOUR TARGET HAS IN CIRCUIT EPROM OR FLASH PROGRAMMING CAPABILITY DISABLE IT The EE08 is a 5 Volt ONLY device Programming voltages will DAMAGE the device and will void the warranty Even short surges during power up or reset can be damaging 3 Inset the EE08 into the target socket BE CAREFUL TO INSERT THE EE08 PROPERLY INSERTING THE EE08 BACKWARDS CAN RESULT IN PERMANENT DAMAGE TO THE EE08 OR THE TARGET SYSTEM Pin 1 of the 08 is identified by the small notch in the DIP plug similar to an IC Insert the EPROM Emulator so that this notch points the sam
17. tions are completely transparent to the software on both ends and allow both ends completely random access to the entire memory space at will However both methods depend on hardware support from the TARGET Between these two extremes are the various SEMAPHORE implementations These rely on minimal software but require that the TARGET can execute from code space outside of the memory space occupied by the EE08 during the HOST accesses AII targets should be able to implement one of the listed methods or a variation on one If you have a unique situation that precludes the use of ANY of these methods we would like to hear about it We may be able to suggest an alternative solution ADDITIONAL NOTES The active levels and drive types TTL OC of REQUEST GRANT and WAIT were selected for common applications We realize that MURPHY S law still rules and regardless of how we configure them your needs will be different We used a programmable device to implement these signals and socketed it so that the EE08 could be customized by the end user The distribution diskette contains several JEDEC files for different configurations Read the JEDEC DOC file for descriptions If you require a different configuration we would be happy to compile a custom JEDEC file for you Of course you can always use external logic to convert any of the signals to what you need LIBRARY REFERENCE The routines in the UTILOS LIB librarys were compiled under the sma
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