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Tropos Network User Manual - Industry Surplus Australia

1. z 2 Trap Forwarding 12 00 16 00 20 00 o00 400 800 Side Menu Network Traffic Last 24 hours 1 907 GB down 661 5 MB up E 00 Upstream 2 400 Alarm Summary o 300 Alarm Count Category g zo g Boo osr o ers 100 Evil Twin z 200 RouterReac Z 300 g 400 Denial of 20 downstream Configurat 7 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 800 Total Mesh Throughput Last 24 hours Mesh Performance Dec 08 8 00 9 00 20 7 x upstream 20 Onode s below 1 0 Mbps i upstream Mean 12 85 Mbps 5 got 35 Alarm summary Bo 5 asd Sot z 5 Mean 12 31 Mbps n n 20 0 node s below 1 0 Mbps Ear downstream 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 800 0 2 4 6 8 10 Mbps Backhaul Throughput Last 24 hours Backhaul Performance Dec 08 8 00 9 00 Pa Upstream 5 Qoateway s below 3 0 Mbps upstream Boo 4 Mean 42 72 Mbps 23 i a ES ee 2 5 2 20 51 1 F E 2 n amp 40 23 60 ab Mean 46 55 Mbps Ta downstream s _Cgatewny s below 30 Mbps downstream 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 800 o 20 40 60 G 100 Mbps Tropos Control EMS User Guide 21 Chapter 3 Using Tables Much of the information in the web interface is presented in tables m Use checkboxes to choose one or more rows or use the checkbox at the top of the column to select all rows m Click a column header to sort the column Click once for an ascending sort up arrow and twice for a descending sort down arrow
2. Field Range Default Description SSID Enter a name that uniquely identifies the network on which the router is operating Note To fully support SS D based VLANs configure the same VLAN ID and SSID VLAN mappings on each router in the network Hidden No Yes Choose whether the router will include No or exclude Yes the SSID from the packets it transmits Hiding the SSID makes it more difficult for unauthorized devices to obtain the SSID Authentication Open Select the authentication method WEP WPA1 PSK WPA1 1x WPA2 PSK AES only WPA18 amp 2 PSK AES only WPA2 PSK WPA1 amp 2 PSK WPA1 1X AES only WPA1 amp 2 1X AES only WPA2 1X WPA1 amp 2 1X PSK Passphrase Enter a passphrase if you choose one of the WPA PSK Confirm PSK Pass options phrase BSSID Index MAC 0 15 0 Indicates the BSSID index used for this secondary Address ESSID Primary ESSID Pre No Yes Indicates whether this ESSID is the primary ESSID for this ferred BSSID VLAN Choose the VLAN for this SSID Note To fully support SS D based VLANs configure the same VLAN ID and SSID VLAN mappings on each router in the network 2 4 GHz Wireless interfaces for this SSID 5 8 GHz 4 9 GHz Tropos Control EMS User Guide 93 Chapter 7 TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description Standalone SSID SSID Use this entry to configure a single SSID Enter a n
3. IP Address amp Longitude Latitude Location Contact o b 9302907 10 88 2 111 0 0 Sunnyvale CA www troposnetworks com SM_N_10 v a 930088e 10 88 2 2 0 Sunnyvale CA www troposnetworks com SM_OW_1 M 12630 10 88 4 100 0 0 Sunnyvale CA www troposnetworks com SM_N_1 Oo e 9300fca 10 88 4 101 0 0 Sunnyvale CA www troposnetworks com SM_N_6 9300806 10 88 4 104 0 0 Sunnyale CA www troposnetworks com SM_N_4 Some tables support multiple contiguous selection Select the checkbox for the first chosen entry and then hold down the Shift key while selecting the checkbox for the last chosen entry Using Router Details Windows Some of the panels list individual routers using an ID link Do one of the following to open a router details window m Click an underlined router ID in any of web interface panels m Enter the router IP address in the Find Device field at the top of the screen and click GO This window contains the following tabs m Gateway Node Information View summary information about the router Device Information Configurator Map Performance History Name Router AS Serial Number 109055 SSID sunnyvale Type Gateway Location Pastoria Pole J Lat Long 37 394509 122 032968 Model 7320 Software Version 7 5 0 3 Interface IP MAC Channel 2 4 GHz 172 20 125 236 00 0d 97 00 c0 24 11 5 8 GHz 172 20 125 235 00 0d 97 00 c0 65 161 LAN Backhaul 172 20 125 234 00 0d 97 16 00 f8 Configurator Open the Con
4. Running Image Alternative Image Time delay before committing minute s v Golden Routers 521014218 node 14218 10 11 11 177 The router images that are currently in use on the selected routers Running Image Alternative Image Router Count 7 3 0 0 7 1 2 0 4 4 Complete any additional settings as described in Table 36 5 Click Provision The job instructions are sent to the selected routers Tropos Control EMS User Guide 125 Chapter 7 Some operations must be committed after provisioning The operations that require commit are indicated in the menu and also listed in Table 36 6 To commit any required changes select Commit the stored data in routers from the pull down list and click Provision The changes are activated on the selected routers Auditing Provisioning Jobs This section describes how to track and audit provisioning jobs m Use the Provision Job List Check on the status of jobs and link to other status information m Use the Provisioning Result panel Check on the results of provisioning jobs and link to other result information Use the Provision Job List 1 Choose Provisioning gt Provision Job List to open the list Figure 39 FIGURE 39 Provision Job List Provision Job List View Provision Detail View Provision Result Stop Page Lengthllentries per page 50 1 to 50 of 110 DD Name Finer Scheduled Time Executed Time Fini
5. if node has redundancy below this LOWESTREDUNDANCY the node will be included into the Insufficient Redundancy LOWESTREDUNDANCY2 if node throughput up down is lower than MINTHROUGHPUT UP DOWN the node will be included into the Lowest estimated throughput MINTHROUGHPUTUP 256 INTHROUGHPUTDOWN 512 Modifying Report Options Drop down lists on the Network Optimization page determine the thresholds that apply to network optimization reports Missing Data Dec 03 13 00 Dec 04 13 00 Optimization Value Status Roulers with missing datafor 3 gr more hours 10 34 29 Bad Galeways with missing backhaul Mroughput data for gt of more hours OG 0 Excellent Nodes with missing mesh throughput data for 3 or more hours 1 28 4 Good These thresholds are controlled by the following files which are located in lt installdirectory gt conf server m fhp_ems_networkhealth_report_threshold properties txt determines the possible choices of values for the drop drop list m server_networkhealth_threshold txt determines the default value that is preselected in the drop down list Note the following If you choose to edit these file be sure to maintain a backup copy with the default values m You can modify only the parameters that are in a given file You cannot create new entries m Ifyou change a default values in the server_networkhealth_threshold txt file make sure that the valu
6. Banner Node v 6320 DC LuckyLake Unique roof www troposnetworks com 37 396142 CUu 122 034223 Cs Disabled Uma C The field can only be provisioned to one router at time TABLE 17 Router Identity Settings Field Range Default Description Router Mode Gateway Node Identifies the setting for the type of router Mobile Node Model number TroposRouter Identifies the router text string Note The router name is not displayed in the wireless client utility on the client s PC The router is identified only by MAC address Name TroposRouter Identifies the router text string The router name is not displayed in the wireless client utility on the client s PC The router is identified only by MAC address Location Sunnyvale Identifies the location where the router is installed Contact Identifies the person responsible for the router Tropos Control EMS User Guide 79 Chapter 7 TABLE 17 Router Identity Settings continued Field Range Default Description Longitude 180 00000 Represents the global longitudinal position of the router fields 180 000000 0 are in the format ddd dddddddd with up to 8 digits permit ted to the right of the decimal point Latitude 90 00000 Represents the global latitudinal position of the router fields 90 000000 0 are in the format ddd
7. Export the configuration view list 1 Click Export A pop up window prompts you to open or save the view information in csv comma separated format 2 Click Save browse for a file location enter the file name and click Save Tropos Router Reference Guide 60 Chapter 6 View alarms or events for selected routers Select the routers and click View Alarms or View Events The Events or Alarms panel opens to show the list for the selected routers Customize the configuration view columns 1 Click Customize Columns to open the Customize Columns window https 192 168 128 80 8443 Tropos Control Customize columns M B x Customize columns Available columns Displayed columns Alternate SV Version Name Base Mibs Status Class Name Wireless IP Community WiredIP Connection Handler Type Console Disp BufferText IP Address Contact Netmask 2 Select columns from the Available Columns list and use the right facing arrows to move the selected columns to the Displayed Columns area To order the columns use the upward and downward facing arrows 4 Click Apply Tropos Router Reference Guide 61 Chapter 6 Updating the Device Database You can add devices and synchronize the device database from any of the Configuration View panels Use the buttons at the top of the panel Router Synchronization Add View Edit View Remove View Search Print Export Customize Columns
8. Range Field Default Description Infrared Access Code Specifies the security code for using the infrared remote Confirm Infrared Access device Code Configurator Access Control Enabled Enables or disables access to the router Configuration util Disabled ity Allowed IP Subnets for Restricts access to the Configuration utility to the specified Configurator Access subnet Click Add to add multiple subnets FIPS Mode Enabled Enables FIPS mode FIPS 140 2 on the router Release Disabled 7 3 and later routers only See Configuring FIPS Mode on page 150 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 122 Chapter 7 Other Provisioning Operations This section describes how to use the Administer Routers panel Figure 38 to perform the provisioning functions described in Table 36 FIGURE 38 Administer Routers Panel 7 3 1 1 Tropos Con rol Network Health Configuration View Provisioning Administration m B Provision Administer Routers Provision from Form z isi i Provision Job Name rovision2010_01_23_17_43_23 To send administrative Provision from Files ip p Administer Routers Retry z Select the routers to be an Retry failed routers affected Provision Audit i oo Select the router a Sas Retry 3 times with interval 30 second s v command E Fill in necessary data Provision Result Schedule Server Time Jan 23 2010 17 43 23 fields Pro
9. Add Gateway J Delete Router Synchronize Router View Events j View Alarms j Provision Show Map Page Lenathllentries perpage 25 Y 1to250f30 D D Router Wireless IP Wireless IP Display Name rentnrenered Model WLANO WLAN1 Type Nov 6 2010 Nov 6 2010 Oo 5 00034 Guppy_42 44 4414PM 11 57 04 PM 6320 DC 172 20 125 217 172 20 125 213 node Nov 6 2010 Nov 6 2010 EJ 5 00041 LuckyLake 44 47 37 PM 11 53 25 PM 6320 DC 172 20 125 225 172 20 125 229 node Add a device 1 Open the Configuration View panel and choose Add Gateway 2 Click Add Gateway to open the Discover New Gateway window Discover New Gateway IP Address root For routers with 7 1 and earlier Mesh ID eecccccees eects rn For routers with 7 3 and later Router Authentication Key pa Confirm Router Authentication Key Management Station IP Aiesa 192 168 128 96 v O Save to File Tropos Router Reference Guide 62 Chapter 6 3 Enter values as described in Table 15 TABLE 15 Gateway Settings for Adding to the Device Database Item Description IP Address Enter the IP address of the gateway Mesh ID Enter and confirm the 16 character code that identifies the area of the managed routers Each managed router must be configured with the same wireless routing domain ID Note This is the same as the Mesh ID that is configured on the router Router Authentication Key Enter and confirm 16 characte
10. FIGURE 29 Packet Filtering Packet Filterin 0 Gateways 1 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name LuckyLake Type node ID 00041 IP 172 20 125 225 o ea Packet Forwarding Allowed C Predefined Forwarding Rules This table takes effect only when packet forwarding is denied Enabled Protocol Type Permit to from the address C Customized Forwarding Rules This table takes effect only when packet forwarding is denied any any any any any fany any Ada 4 Protocol should be a number or tcp udp C Packet Forwarding Desv Rules This table takes effect onl any any any any any any any Ada 4 Protocol should be a number or tcp udp Tropos Control EMS User Guide 106 Chapter 7 TABLE 26 Packet Filtering Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Packet Forwarding Allowed Denied If enabled allows all packets except those explic itly blocked If disabled blocks all packets except those explicitly permitted Predefined Forwarding Rules Indicates whether this protocol has a forwarding rule applied The following information applies to each rule Enabled Indicates whether the rule is active e Protocol Type Indicates the protocol to which the filtering applies See Table 27 e
11. Tropos Control EMS User Guide Chapter 2 Pre Installation Requirements Sizing Requirements Server and Client System Requirements Supported Routers Firewall Requirements Sizing Requirements Table 2 lists the minimum requirements for a Tropos Control server that uses an external Oracle database and Table 3 lists the Oracle database requirements Table 2 Tropos Control Server Requirements Using an External Oracle Database Minimum Memory Size of Network Minimum Number RAM Minimum Disk of devices of CPU cores Requirements Requirements lt 500 2 2 GB 2 GB 500 2000 2 4 GB 4 GB 2000 5000 4 8 GB 8 GB 5000 6500 4 8 GB 8 GB Table 3 Oracle Database Server Requirements Minimum Memory Size of Network Minimum Number RAM Minimum Disk of devices of CPU cores Requirements Requirements lt 500 2 2 GB 100 GB 500 2000 2 4 GB 300 GB 2000 5000 4 8 GB 500 GB 5000 6500 4 8 GB 600 GB Server and Client System Requirements m CentOS 5 must be installed on the Tropos Control Server Visit support tropos com for instructions and to download a Tropos customized CentOS installation image There should be only one user account created on the Tropos Control server Table 4 lists the client browser requirements for access to the Tropos Control web client Tropos Control EMS User Guide 10 Chapter 2 TABLE 4 Client Browser Requirements for Web Client
12. 25 Using the Dashboard 24 csecseeteeedae dave eee e ese ea ee ees 25 Viewing Geographic Maps 0 0 0 eee ee eee 27 Using the Network Optimization Panels 0 5 30 Using the Client Optimization Panels 0005 34 Tropos Control EMS User Guide Understanding the Client Query Reports 36 Using the Voice Optimization Panels 00055 39 Using the Device Ping Utility 0202s 40 Modifying Network Health Thresholds and Report Options 42 Modifying Network Health Thresholds 42 Modifying Report Options 2 0 0c eee eee 44 5 Viewing Fault Information 0000 cc cece eee eee eee eee 49 Viewing Network Events 0 000 e eee eee eee 50 Viewing Alar mS e ri ra inaa oped wwe ok ears eek eee sa 51 Viewing Event Counts ass assa oot ee hee eee eee gee 52 Configuring Alarms s Seka vean a SIA ee Samed odoevad es 53 SNMP Trap Forwarding 53 2 S502 24 e is eae ha nthe tae cok hie 57 6 Viewing Network Configuration Information 0000eeeeees 58 Network Configuration Panels 000 cece eens 59 Configuration View Actions s 2 405 2c hocsndaw eee ewar eased 60 Updating the Device Database 222 0 05 62 Creating Custom ViewS 00 0 eee 64 Configuring Gateways for Multi Subnet Roaming 65 7 PROVISIONING 2 picvaciinaichcdcinnetauetens
13. Backhaul Check IP IP address of a device to be used to verify backhaul con nectivity VLAN Configuration VLANs Disabled Indication of whether VLANs are enabled Enabled Management VLAN VLAN ID of the management VLAN VLAN IP Mapping VLAN IP Mapping VLAN ID of the management VLAN VLAN ID Numeric identifier for the VLAN Note Do not assign four digit VLAN IDs in mixed environments networks that have some routers running Release 7 1 software and some routers running Release 6 7 software VLAN Name Text name to identify the VLAN Tropos Control EMS User Guide 82 Chapter 7 TABLE 18 IP and VLAN Page Parameters continued Interface Mode Field Range Default Description IP Mask IP address and subnet mask of the VLAN interface x x x x n format Note The P Mask Default Gateway and DHCP Server fields are active only if Mode is static Default Gateway IP address of the default network routing gateway DHCP Server IP address of the server that supplies DHCP service for the VLAN Wired Client Interface Configuration Wired Clients Disabled Indication of whether wired clients are supported on the Enabled Management Wired Interface Wired Clients DHCP Static Method used to obtain the IP address of the wired clients static or DHCP This field is active only if Wired Clients is enabled W
14. DHCP lease duration 98 netmask 98 packet filtering 108 server on board 98 DHCP Server page 97 diagnostic information 130 Differentiated Services Code Point See DSCP discovery automatic 23 manual 23 DNS 108 downstream quality selection 117 DSCP 117 119 dynamic re clustering 5 E ESSID with mobile routers 7 events configuration view button 64 counts 52 list 50 F fault information alarms 51 network events 50 viewing on web 49 Federal Information Processing Stan dards FIPS 3 filters alarm 53 configuring 53 FIPS and EMS authentication 121 enabling 150 properties and restrictions 150 support 150 zeroize capability 150 G gateway about 4 adding cluster 62 and multi subnet roaming 65 discovering 23 IP address subnet mask 110 list 110 gateway list 66 H HTTP 108 HTTPS 108 ICMP 108 installing overview 12 Tropos Control 13 inventory tracking router 134 inventory tracking 134 IP address of Tropos Control server 13 IPSec 108 L lease duration 98 local ASN 111 M map configuration view button 64 mesh ID description 88 meshed cluster 4 mobile router ESSID 7 losing backhaul 7 network 6 network example 7 rules 6 multi ESSID primary ESSID 93 secondary ESSID 93 multiplier for rate limiting 114 115 multi subnet roaming BGP 111 configuring gateways 65 gateway list 66 Multi Subnet Roaming page 110 N network events list 50 mobile router 6 routing 5 network eve
15. EE ae MAC oss TABLE 24 DHCP Clients Page Settings Field Range Default Description MAC Specifies the MAC address of the client to be accepted Click Add to include this entry in the list Tropos Control EMS User Guide 102 Chapter 7 TABLE 24 DHCP Clients Page Settings continued Field Range Default Description IP Specifies the IP address to be reserved for the client with the specified MAC address The reserved IP addresses must be in the range of the DHCP server Reservations simply reserve an IP address for a particular MAC address they do not control access Therefore do not enable ACL when adding reservations unless you would like to control access as well Click Add to include this entry in the list MAC Specifies the MAC address to be reserved for the client with the specified IP address Click Add to include this entry in the list Static IP Client The Static IP Client Configuration page Figure 28 contains settings for clients that require static IP addresses rather than DHCP supplied addresses The Static IP Client Configuration page also provides the ability to configure static IP addresses for clients behind customer premise equipment CPE such as Wireless to Ethernet bridges Table 25 lists the parameters on the page Note If you use auto detection you must enable it on all the gateways and nodes in the wireles
16. Nodes gateways and all routers with errors in transmitting or receiving data Backhaul performance Gateways with throughput latency packet loss and utilization relative to specified thresholds m Mesh performance Mesh links nodes gateways and all routers with performance Statistics relative to specified thresholds Each row in the network optimization panel describes the statistic the current value ratio and percentage and a description of the status as in the following example Nodes with latency greaterthan 20 ms for 3 or more hours 1 22 5 Good Details Description Threshold Value relative Status based link to threshold on value This example indicates that 1 of 22 routers have had latency greater than 20ms for 3 or more hours the other routers have had lower latency which is considered good performance for this metric Change status key or thresholds 1 Choose values from any of the pull down lists on the optimization panel To use the thresholds as the new defaults select Save above thresholds as default thresholds 2 Click Submit View network optimization details m Click the underlined link for the parameter to open the associated details panel Tropos Control EMS User Guide 32 Chapter 4 Each panel includes pull down lists for setting thresholds and a table containing statistics for each hour in the selected time period For 24 hour details green numbers indicate that the data is
17. O Provision from Form Provision from Form isi i Provision Job Name rovision2011_03_22_14_46_02 To perform a Form based Provision from Files p Provisioning Job Administer Routers wey Select devices to be V Retry fai configured by clickin Fe Retry failed routers Beste g il ji j 3 Provision Job List Rely 3 times with interval 30 second s Click Fill data to link to a X the Provision Form Provision Result Schedule Server Time Mar 22 2011 15 50 19 Submitthe provision job Provision Now isi sola name E O Provision at IP and VLAN 2 Provision Summary Wireless Select Devices vs 7 Clear Devices Client Access To finish a provision job you need to finish the following tasks Selected Devices DHCP Server Fill in the configuration data within Configuration Forms Fill data Form Service Settings DHCP Clients Static IP Client Packet Filtering P2P Blocking Multi Subnet Roaming 1P 17220125 84 Backhaul Routing 2 Click Select Devices Select Devices v 7 Clear Devices Selected Devices Mobile Nodes Tropos Control EMS User Guide 70 Chapter 7 A selection window opens Select Routers Available Routers 172 20 125 231 node 172 20 125 201 node 172 20 125 73 node 172 20 125 239 node Selected Routers gt 172 20 125 225 node 172 20 125 116 node 172
18. QoS Specifics frie nomefiote fetes oO Downstream Quality Selection 802 1p v oO DSCP for Bronze Oo DSCP for Silver Fi DSCP for Gold 802 1p Priority 0 to Voice v 802 1p Priority 1 to Gold v My 802 1p Priority 2 to Silver v 802 1p Priority 3 to Bronze Fi 802 1p Priority 4 to Bronze v O 802 1p Priority 5 to Bronze o 802 1p Priority 6 to Bronze v Fi 802 1p Priority 7 to Bronze v Bronze to 802 1p Priority 3 v Silver to 802 1p Priority 2 v Gold to 802 1p Priority 1 k a Voice to 802 1p Priority 0 v Fi Wired Sub interface Priority Bronze v TABLE 32 QoS Page Field Range Default Description SSID Displays the currently configured ESSIDs 2 4 GHz _ Displays the wireless interfaces on the router 5 8 GHz 4 9 GHz Tropos Control EMS User Guide 116 Chapter 7 TABLE 32 QoS Page continued Field Range Default Description QoS Class Class of service for the specified ESSID Note This setting applies only to upstream traffic To apply a class of service to downstream traffic you must use an off mesh device to pre mark traffic in the downstream direction using 802 1p or DSCP Max Clients Indicates the maximum number of wireless clients that can connect to this ESSID simultaneously This constraint is in addition to the constraint that limits each radio to 50 clients total regardless of the ESSID Down
19. To support multi subnet roaming you can configure Tropos Control to automatically distribute the gateway list to all the gateways in the managed network The distributed gateway list includes all the gateways in the Tropos Control database See Multi Subnet Roaming on page 110 Tropos Router Reference Guide 65 Chapter 6 Use the web interface to view the current multi subnet roaming information and status and to update all gateways with the latest gateway information The information is presented in the following panels Multi Subnet This panel lists all the interconnections between gateways and subnets To access this panel open the Configuration View tab and choose Multi Subnet Configuration This configuration is used by gateways to support cross subnet roaming Update Gateway List Update all gateways with the current complete gateway list Clear Gateway List Remove gateway list on all gateways This action will disable cross subnet roaming Show Current Tunnels Get the current cross subnet roaming tunnels from the gateways Warning The action of Update Gateway List and Clear Gateway List will commit all the outstanding stored configurations on gateways Note In a multi subnet network with VLANs each management VLAN prefix must be on the list of allowed IP subnets Status Show Current Status Show current configuration status Se eeu a Summarize the current configuration result here Tunnel Vie
20. and click Export 3 Browse to find choose a save location and click Save The file is saved in csv format Delete routers from inventory You can remove routers from the inventory list This action does not remove the routers from the Tropos Control database Use the map menu options as described under Delete node mobile node or fixed node on page 47 1 Open the Administration tab and click Inventory Tracking 2 Select checkboxes for the routers you want to remove and click Delete Backing Up Router Configurations Follow the steps in the section to back up router configuration profiles on the Tropos Control server You can schedule daily backups perform a manual backup or export backed up configuration profile Daily backups include all routers m Set up automatic daily backups Set up the system to back up the configuration profiles of all managed routers once per day m Perform a manual backup Backup the configuration profiles of selected routers on demand m Export a backed up configuration profile Export a backed up configuration file to a location of your choice m View the Backup Events list Monitor the status of backup operations Tropos Control EMS User Guide 136 Chapter 8 Set up automatic daily backups 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Backup The Router Backup panel Figure 41 opens FIGURE 43 Router Backup Panel Router Backup Automatic Backup Enable daily b
21. configure and use the Tropos Control Element Management System to manage your wireless network About this Guide Tropos Control is a comprehensive real time management system for Tropos wireless networks The system allows you to view the status of all Tropos gateways and nodes modify configurations and assess network performance all from a central management station This guide contains information and instructions on installing configuring and optimizing Tropos Control and is divided into the following chapters Chapter 1 Overview provides an overview of the Tropos network architecture and introduces the system features Chapter 2 Installation contains information needed to install the Tropos Control server including system requirements and step by step installation instructions Chapter 3 Getting Started contains basic information on using Tropos Control including how to start and stop the server establish a new wireless network and perform discovery Chapter 4 Viewing Network Health Information describes how to display detailed information on network connectivity and performance using the Network Health panels in the web interface Chapter 5 Viewing Fault Information describes how to display alarm and network event information using the Fault Management panels in the web interface Chapter 6 Viewing Network Configuration Information describes how to display device informat
22. gatewayMissingThroughputDataThreshold 3 missingStatsThreshold 3 nodeAssociateClient1lThreshold 40 gatewayTrafficThreshold 300 nodeTrafficThreshold 100 poorThreshold 10 voiceCallsThreshold 10 gatewayInterferingCountThreshold 10 clientSNRThreshold 10 nodeMissingDataThreshold 3 failureTimeThreshold 3 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 47 Chapter 4 clientTrafficThreshold 100 nodeNoiselThreshold 85 nodeNoise4_9Threshold 85 nodeAssociateClient4_9Threshold 40 nodeRoutedClient4_9Threshold 40 nodeChChangeThreshold 1 nodeChChangelThreshold 1 nodeChChange4_9Threshold 1 nodeAirtimeThreshold 60 nodeAirtimelThreshold 60 nodeAirtime4_9Threshold 60 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 48 5 Viewing Fault Information This chapter describes the Fault Management panels in the web interface Chapter contents m Viewing Network Events m Viewing Alarms m Viewing Event Counts Configuring Alarms Tropos Control EMS User Guide 49 Chapter 5 Viewing Network Events Network events convey general information or current status of devices within the network View network events m Open the Network Health tab and choose Network Events on the side menu The Network Events panel Figure 11 opens to display a list of current events for devices configured in the network FIGURE 11 Network Events Panel Network Events Search Print Customize Columns Page Lengthllentri
23. within threshold for that hour red indicates that the data violates the threshold and black indicates that no data is available Threshold settings Nodes with traffic exceeding 100 MB hourfor 3 ormorehours 2 Dec 07 09 00 Dec 08 09 00 Past hour to past 24 hours measured from current local time Check history for Last 24 hours SUS Bre PN Bs eel verage Average z 172 20 125 189 22 47 77 02 6 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 222320123456788 172 20 125 65 36 86 52 75 3 910111213141516 17 18 192021 222301234567819 Details Average Average hours of No data Data this Data this hour Link to link value for value for threshold available for hour within graph last hour last 24 violation this hour violates threshold hours threshold green red You can do the following on this panel Choose thresholds from the pull down lists m Click Show Fail Records to display all records for routers that violated the threshold during the specified period Click Show All Records to display all records for the specified period Click Show Maps to open a Google Maps window showing the router location m Click an underlined router link to open an information window for the router For more information see the description of the Gateway Node Information window in Using the Geographic Maps on page 28 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 33 Chapter 4 m Click the graph icon on the right to display a graph of the data
24. 0 10 0 0 172 20 125 130 ppc3 35434 node 477 154 0 0 23 0 0 172 20 125 155 McDonalds 19918 node 13 Zz 0 0 0 0 You can choose the following options from the Event Counts panel To restrict the reporting time interval select from the pull down list at the top of the panel and click Submit To display all the events for a given router click an underlined link in the Total column To display details about a router click the underlined IP address To access the Configuration Utility for the router click the underlined IP address link To open an SSH window to access the router CLI click an underlined link in the SSH column Table 12 lists the columns of information presented in the Event Count table Tropos Control EMS User Guide 52 Chapter 5 TABLE 12 Event Count Information Item Description Node IP IP address of the router that generated the event Host name Unique numeric ID assigned to the node Node type Gateway node or mobile Total Total event count Router Reachability Count of events concerning the ability to reach other routers SNMP Timeout Counts of SNMP timeout events Gateway Becomes Node Number of times a gateway has lost uplink to the wired network and automatically taken on node status Configurator Login Number of times someone has logged into the Tropos Configura tion Utility to access the router Failed Install New Image Number of times
25. 1 5274 Upload Image Dec 01 2009 22 57 40 Dec 01 2009 22 57 40 Dec 01 2009 23 01 00 Success 578 7124 upgrade490_install Install Image Nov 20 2009 14 08 08 Nov 20 2009 14 08 08 Nov 20 2009 14 08 16 Success 577 pAce 7124491_install Install Image Nov 20 2009 14 07 55 Nov 20 2009 14 07 55 Nov 20 2009 14 08 02 Success 2 Use the controls at the top of the panel to choose the number entries to display and to navigate from page to page Click a column header to sort according to that column Clicking the column header again changes the sort order 3 To open the status panel for a specific job click the underlined job link Tropos Control EMS User Guide 133 Chapter 8 Upload a software image 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Software Update gt Add Image The panel opens to show a list of uploaded images Add Image Images on EMS Server e Ace20 6 6 0 0 2834 efs bin Add a new image to EMS Server Come MED 2 Click Browse to locate the new image and then click Open in the Browse window to select the image 3 Click Upload The image is copied to the Tropos Control server and becomes available in the Select Image pull down list on the Add Schedule panel For instructions on scheduling an upgrade using the image see Schedule router software upgrades on page 131 Tracking Router Inventory To manage the inventory of routers in your network open the Tropos Control web interface Administration tab an
26. 100 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 46 Chapter 4 NoiseOptions 150 100 90 85 80 70 60 50 ChChangeOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 AirtimeOptions 40 50 60 70 80 90 MissingDataOptions 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24 voiceMissingDataOptions 1 MissingDataOptionsWithZero 0 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24 nodeNumberOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 gatewayNumberOptions 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 clientNumberOptions 1 5 10 30 50 70 80 90 100 120 150 200 clusterclientNumberOptions 1 10 20 30 50 80 100 120 150 200 300 500 trafficOptions 50 80 100 120 150 200 300 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 10000 packet LossOptions 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 hopCountOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 signalOptions 100 90 85 80 75 70 60 50 SNROptions 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 50 80 ClientRateLimitOptions 1 5 10 20 30 40 50 marginalOptions 3 5 8 10 15 20 25 30 40 poorOptions 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 badOptions 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 voiceCallsOptions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 25 50 100 voiceCallsDowngradedOptions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 25 50 100 voiceCallsTimeOptions 0 10 30 60 120 240 360 Default server_networkhealth_thresholds txt file nodeMissingThroughputDataThreshold 3 nodeNoiseThreshold 85 clientNoiseThreshold 85 nodeRoutedClientThreshold 40 nodeAssociateClientThreshold 40 c e lientSignalThreshold 75 lientRateLimitThreshold 5 voiceCallsDowngradedThreshold 10
27. 172 20 125 165 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 98 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 135 gateway Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 2 Perform any of the following operations Click Start Ping to start performing ping operations The button is visible only if ping operations are currently off Click Stop Ping to stop performing ping operations The button is visible only if ping operations are currently on Click Clear Counter to clear current ping counts Click Turn Off Refresh to prevent information from being automatically refreshed as new ping results come in This button is visible only if refresh is currently turned on Click Turn On Refresh to allow information to be automatically refreshed as new ping results come in This button is visible only if refresh is currently turned off Click Add IPs in topo DB to add all the discovered gateways and nodes to the list of devices to which ping messages are sent Devices specified in the device_pinglist txt file will continue to be included Click Remove topo IPs to remove all the discovered gateways and nodes the list of devices to which ping messages are sent Devices specified in the device_pinglist txt file will continue to be included The Device Ping Utility table includes the following columns of information TABLE9 Device Ping Utility Table Column Description Device IP IP address of device Type Gateway node
28. 35 voice optimization 39 thresholds file 30 42 Time page 101 time zone 101 Tropos Control Element Management System EMS 3 8 Tropos Control server IP address 13 system requirements 10 Tropos Sphere Network Operating System 3 tunnels showing current roaming 66 U uninstalling server 15 upgrading checking status 133 router software 131 UTC 101 V VLAN ID and backhaul routing 112 voice optimization change key or threshold 39 statistics 39 view actions 35 voice over IP VoIP Voice page 118 Voice page 118 W web interface accessing 19 adding gateway cluster 62 configuration information 59 custom views 64 tables 22 WINS 98 wired sub Interface priority 117 Wireless page 86 87 WMM 119 Tropos Control EMS User Guide
29. B3 cornerstonePSK 3 42 10 14 16 00 17 00 00 19 D2 7B 61 B3 cornerstonePSK 3 53 10 14 15 00 16 00 00 19 D2 7B 61 B3 TroposGuest 1 3 10 14 14 00 15 00 Each row represents a period of association with one of the nodes or gateways listed in the Visited Node Gateway area Note Ifa client associates with more than one node in a given hour then there will be multiple entries for that time period in the listing Table 7 lists the information reported for association TABLE 8 Detail Data Item Description Node IP IP address of the node or gateway Click the underlined line to open the Configuration Utility for the particular node or gateway Signal Average signal strength for the period of association dB Click the underlined line to open a signal and noise graph Noise Average signal strength for the period of association dB SNR Average signal strength for the period of association Rx Kops Average Kbps received for the period of association Click the under lined link to open a graph of the data Tx Kbps Average Kbps transmitted over the past 24 hours CPE MAC MAC address of any customer premise equipment CPE between the client and the node or gateway ESSID ESSID of the node or gateway VLAN ID ID of the VLAN to which the node or gateway belongs if applicable Channel Channel used for communication with the client Duration min Total number of minutes that the client was associat
30. Delete a user a Select the server and click Delete b Click OK to confirm TABLE 42 Administrative User Settings Item Description Username Enter a name that identifies the user Full Name Enter the full name of the user Role Select a role from the pull down list e Root Permitted to view all information and perform all tasks that relate to the system and to the server platform e Read Write Permitted to view information and perform most tasks Read Only Permitted to view information but not make any changes to the sys tem Status Choose whether the user account is active Enabled or inactive Disabled Authenticate with Choose whether authentication is performed from the server using username and password or by using a RADIUS server If you choose Local the password fields are activated if you choose Remote the Preferred Server field is activated Preferred Server _ If RADIUS is chosen for the Authenticate with field select the RADIUS server Password If Local is chosen for the Authenticate with field enter and confirm the password Confirm Password used for access Using Router Auto Discovery You can set up the system to automatically discover all routers in a network from a single gateway seed gateway When auto discovery is configured the Tropos Control server requests that the seed gateway obtain the list of available gateways in the network When the list is obtained the se
31. Guide 91 Chapter 7 Client Access The settings on the Client Access Configuration page Figure 23 allow you to configure SSIDs authentication and other settings that control client access to the wireless network Table 20 describes the settings on the page FIGURE 23 Client Access Page Excerpt Client Access 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Please select routers to provision Multi SsiD Adjust Selection Contirm PSK i Primary ESSID a D amne oecon Senne fesomarol aerea ma T Disabled v Open gt jo No x No Standalone SSID Configuration CS a r r WEP Configuration SSID Standalone Authentication Type open gt PSK Passphrase E Confirm PSK Passphrase D71 G74 D71 71 CS a a i al a a TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters 2 4 GHz WEP Type jet i iti OSCt 2 4 GHz WEP Key 5 8 GHz WEP Type 64bit gt 5 8 GHz WEP Key 4 9GHz WEP Type 64bit xj 4 9 GHz WEP Key Ensure that the WEP key corresponds to the WEP type For 64bit enter 5 ascii characters or 10 hexadecimal number For 128bit enter 13 ascii characters or 26 hexadecimal number WEP Type and WEP Key have to be provisioned at the same time E hs EE hs K Field Range Default Description Multi ESSID Tropos Control EMS User Guide 92 Chapter 7 TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters continued
32. Node Information Window Device Information Configurator Map Performance History Name Sv PastoriaPole Serial Number 49009 SSID sunnyvale Type Node Location Pastoria J Lat Long 37 394501 122 032877 Model 5320 Software Version 7 5 0 4 Interface IP MAC Channel 2 4 GHZ 172 20 125 65 00 0d 97 00 50 b8 5 5 8 GHZ 172 20 125 153 00 0d 97 00 50 b9 161 You can perform these actions from the Gateway Node information window Click Configurator to open the Configuration Utility For more information on using the utility see the Tropos Networks Configuration Guide Click Map to open a standard Google Maps window that shows the location of the router Tropos Control EMS User Guide 29 Chapter 4 Click Performance History to open a window containing recent performance history for the router Performance Information for Node 172 20 125 97 LS ES ES SS Se ee 06 27 13 00 14 00 33 23 13 3 0 0 101 33 93 57 10 5 19 2 3 2 10 1 0 06 27 12 00 13 00 3 6 27 5 3 3 0 101 56 92 58 11 0 19 6 6 4 g 1 0 06 27 11 00 12 00 SF 2 4 8 4 0 0 101 7 88 59 84 0 89 1 5 5 g 1 0 06 27 10 00 11 00 3 8 2 2 14 9 0 0 101 69 89 60 41 6 50 2 6 6 9 1 0 06 27 09 00 10 00 45 44 3 3 0 0 101 69 95 77 11 9 24 8 4 3 10 1 0 06 27 08 00 09 00 69 5 0 1 8 0 0 101 61 96 77 13 2 28 5 2 2 10 1 0 06 27 07 00 08 00 6 8 5 1 3 4 0 0 101 64 96 79 12 4 30 1 1 1 10 1 0 06 27 06 00 07 00 6 6 5 8 2 9 0 0 101 69 96 79 12 9 30 7 0
33. Permit to from the address Specifies the IP address or subnet to which the filtering applies Format a b c d Customized Forwarding Rules Indicates whether a custom forwarding rule is applied The following information applies to each rule e Name Custom name for the filtering rule e Protocol Protocol to be filtered e Source P IP address of the packet source e Source Mask bits Subnet mask for the packet source e Source Port Port for the packet source Destination IP IP address of the packet ter mination point e Destination Mask bits Number of maskbits for the IP address where the packet will termi nate e Destination Port Port where the packet will be received Tropos Control EMS User Guide 107 Chapter 7 TABLE 26 Packet Filtering Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description Packet Forwarding Deny Rules Indicates whether a deny rule is applied The fol lowing information applies to each rule Name Custom name for the filtering rule Protocol Protocol to be filtered Source IP IP address of the packet source Source Mask bits Subnet mask for the packet source Source Port Port for the packet source Destination IP IP address of the packet ter mination point Destination Mask bits Number of maskbits for the IP address where the packet will termi nate Destination Port Port where the pa
34. Power Attenuation 0 15dB Advanced Settings 5 r o O o w o a a el a a a le a Support Mesh Links to Downstream Routers on 2 4 GHz Interface Support Mesh Links to Downstream Routers on 5 8 GHz Interface Support Mesh Links to Downstream Routers on 4 9 GHz Interface Support Mesh Links to Upstream Routers on 2 4 GHz Interface Support Mesh Links to Upstream Routers on 5 8 GHz Interface Support Mesh Links to Upstream Routers on 4 9 GHz Interface 2 4 GHZ RTS Threshold 5 8 GHz RTS Threshold 4 9 GHZ RTS Threshold 2 4 GHz Maximum Link Distance 5 8 Maximum Link Distance 4 9 Maximum Link Distance Transmit Diversity 2 4 GHz Evil Twin Detection DoS Detect Threshold Mobile Node Forced Standalone Low Path Quality Watermark High Path Quality Watermark Efl e Rl 8 Fixed Mesh Control Tx Rate Fixed Mesh Control Tx Rate Fixed Mesh Control Tx Rate 0 dB 0 dB 0 dB ean 71 D71 D pre 7 124 Om pre 7 1 4 4 2 km max delay 48us 4 2 km max delay 48us 4 2 km max delay 48us auto pre 7 1 4 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 87 Chapter 7 TABLE 19 Wireless Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Mesh ID Con
35. Restart the software on the selected routers Install an uploaded software image on routers Install the uploaded software image on the selected routers defaults factory defaults Change the administrative pass Change the password used to administer the selected Yes word on the routers routers Save configuration as known good Store the configuration on the selected routers identify profile ing it as the last known good profile Restore the configuration to the last Change the configuration on the selected routers to the Yes saved known good profile last good profile that was saved Save the minimum profile Store the minimum profile on the selected routers Restore the configuration to the last Change the configuration on the selected routers to the Yes save minimum profile last minimum profile that was saved Restore the configuration to factory Change the configuration on the selected routers to the Yes Upload admin public key Upload a public key to restrict access to the router com mand line interface CLI Upload Profile Upload a configuration profile to the specified routers You can select a profile from the Tropos Control server or from your local computer Enable Disable Client Statistics Enable or disable the collection of client statistics on the specified routers Tropos Control EMS User Guide 124 Chapter 7 Provisioning Tasks Administrati
36. This glossary defines terms pertaining to wireless and networking technology 802 11 IEEE wireless networking standards developed by IEEE There are multiple versions of the 802 11 specification Tropos Networks products conform to the 802 11b specification 802 1x IEEE standard for port based client authentication using a central authentica tion server to verify client identity AAA Server Server that provides authentication authorization and accounting services over a network Adaptive Noise Immunity ANI adaptive noise immunity ANI Address Resolution Protocol ARP Standard protocol for mapping an IP address to a hardware MAC address Airtime Congestion Control Tropos Networks method of allowing networks to be operated close to their maximum capacity by detecting and averting congestion events Autonomous System AS Collection of networks under a single administrative structure and with a sin gle well defined routing policy Advanced Encryption Standard AES Effective single key encryption standard originally adopted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology for use by U S government organiza tions and later adopted as an industry standard Backhaul Process of transmitting data so it can be sent over a backbone network typi cally to the Internet Tropos wireless networks provide wireless backhaul from client stations through the wireless Tropos mesh to the wired network Tropos Control EM
37. Uninstalling the System Follow the steps in this section to remove the Tropos Control server from your system Note For installations with an Oracle database The uninstall script does not remove data from the Oracle database It removes only files and folders After uninstalling Tropos Control you must manually delete the data stored in the database Tropos Control EMS User Guide 14 Chapter 2 Uninstall Tropos Control 1 Go to the bin directory in the Tropos Control installation directory cd lt installdirectory gt bin 2 Shut down the Tropos Control server service watchdog stop 3 Run the uninstall command uninstall sh The Tropos Control system is uninstalled and removed from the system Backing Up and Restoring the Tropos Control Server Follow the procedures in this section to back up and restore the Tropos Control server Note For installations with an Oracle database The backup restore script does not back up or restore any data from the Oracle database Follow the Oracle procedures to back up and restore your data Back up the TroposControl server 1 Go to the bin directory in the Tropos Control installation directory cd lt installdirectory gt bin 2 Execute the backup script backup sh lt installdirectory gt 3 Enter the database password for the root account This is the password for the ems user account not the root password for the machine The backup is created and stor
38. Viewing Alarms Alarms call attention to serious events concerning devices in the network View alarms m Open the Network Health tab and choose Alarms on the side menu The Alarms panel Figure 11 opens to display a list of current alarms for devices configured in the network FIGURE 12 Alarms Panel Alarms Search Print Customize Columns Page Lengthllentries perpage 25 76to9sof9sK 4 Pickup Unpick E Status IP Address Actions DisplayName Alarm Details Alarm Message Date Time w Failure Object Alarm Group 172 20 125 50 sunpower Auto Recovery had occurred Jan 23 2010 09 02 03AM 118780_AutoRecoveryChanged AutoRecoveryChanged oO 172 20 125 231 A amp solarpower Router unreachable Jan 22 2010 05 33 28 PM 00027_RouterReachability RouterReachability 172 20 125 239 A NewLabGw2 Router unreachable Jan 22 2010 01 37 34 PM 054057_RouterReachability RouterReachability ry 172 20 125 217 A Guppy_42 Evil Twin Detected Jan 21 2010 10 36 28 AM 00034_Evil Twin Detected Evil Twin Detected Table 11 lists the columns of information presented in the table TABLE 11 Alarms List Item Description Status Color code for the severity of an event e Red Critical e Orange Major e Yellow Minor Blue Warning e Green Clear e White Informational IP address IP address of the router that generated the event Actions Icons for alarm pickup and annotation For alarm pick
39. an attempt to install a new software image on the router has failed SSH Login Number of times someone has accessed the router CLI through an SSH connection Hardware Fault Number of times a hardware problem has been detected Software Start Number of times the router software has been restarted Others Count of other events that do not fit into the specific categories list in this table Configuring Alarms The Alarm Settings panel allows you to create alarm notifications based on filtering criteria You can set up an alarm actions to send email notification or an SNMP trap under specified conditions or create an exception whereby a notification is not sent in response to a condition Tropos Control EMS User Guide 53 Chapter 5 To manage alarm settings 1 Open the Network Health tab and choose Alarm Settings on the side menu to open the panel and view the list of currently defined alarm actions FIGURE 14 Adding Alarm Actions Alarm Settings Alarm Actions Name Delete Enable Disable Router Unreach 1 x Disable Battery action x Disable 2 Perform any of the following actions on this panel To add a new action click Add Actions and follow the instructions in To add new alarm actions on page 54 To edit an action link the action name and modify settings as described in Table 13 To Delete the action click the Delete icon To activate an action click the Enable link To inactiva
40. arise if the primary server is still active and managing the network 2 Issue the following commands on the secondary server to take over primary server operations For Oracle database o service watchdog restart Tropos Control EMS User Guide 153 Chapter A For MySQL database root localhost ed lt installdirectory gt ems bin redundancy root localhost chmod atx root localhost disableRedundancy sh Example root localhost redundancy disableRedundancy sh Disabling secure password less logins to this server Restoring crontab done root localhost redundancy please wait done Make sure to provision all the gateways with the secondary server s IP address in the SNMP page for Trap Receiver Registration and EMS Registration so that the secondary server receives traps from the routers and generates alarms notifications correctly Returning to the Primary Server when it Recovers For the Oracle database when the primary server becomes available again first power off the secondary server to keep it in standby mode and then start the EMS watchdog service on the primary server For the MySQL database when the primary server becomes available again start the EMS watchdog service on the primary server and make sure to run the setupRedundantServer sh script on it to enable redundancy and to keep the secondary server in standby mode Tropos Control EMS User Guide 154 Glossary
41. network based certificates with token or password authentication Often used in conjunction with EAP Universal Time Coordinated UTC Official world time equivalent to Greenwich Mean Time User Datagram Protocol UDP Protocol that shares many commons attributes with TCP but without the reli ability capabilities of TCP UDP is often used for applications that can toler ate some level of error Virtual LAN VLAN Logical grouping of client stations that enables them to function as if they are on the same subnetwork regardless of their actual physical location Virtual Private Network VPN Network in which remote users are securely connected over the Internet and operate as if connected locally Tropos Control EMS User Guide 160 Chapter 1 Voice over IP VoIP Network in which remote users are securely connected over the Internet and operate as Wi Fi Protected Access WPA Effective wireless authentication security solution introduced by the Wi Fi Alliance an industry consortium WPA is compatible with and now con tained in the IEEE 802 111 specification Windows Name Service WINS Microsoft Windows standard for converting alphanumeric Internet domain names to IP addresses Wired Equivalent Privacy WEP Default security system for 802 11 networks Wireless Multimedia Extensions WMM Wi Fi Alliance standard that specifies QoS capabilities for wireless networks with wireless traffic Wireless Netw
42. optimization method IP Prefix Identifies the IP addresses and netmasks format a b c d n of any voice gateways that are used exclusively for voice traffic Tropos Control EMS User Guide 119 Chapter 7 Software Use the Software page Figure 36 to enable auto recovery for the router and select backward compatibility options Table 34 lists the parameters on the page FIGURE 36 Software Page Software 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision Software aj Module a notes oO Auto Recovery Enabled b o Backward Compatibility All releases v a 4 Value 7 1 and later is applicable to routers from 7 1 release only TABLE 34 Software Parameters Range Field Default Description Auto Recovery Enabled Dis Enables the auto recovery feature Auto recovery helps the abled router recover from failure during bootup Backward Compatibility All Releases Indicates the mix of router software releases in the net 6 7 and later work If Release 7 1 is used throughput the network select 7 1 and later the 7 1 and later option If you have 6 7 software on some routers you must select the 6 7 and later option The All Releases option is most compatible in a mixed release network however it is not as secure as the other choices Security Use the Security page Figure 36 to enable auto recovery for the router and select backward com
43. port number for SNMP traps SNMP Trap Community String Enter the trap community string Set up auto discovery 1 Make sure that auto discovery is enabled as described in the previous procedure 2 Open the Administration tab and click Auto Discovery gt Seed List Tropos Control EMS User Guide 146 Chapter 8 A list of currently configured seed gateways is displayed 0 OS d Seed Gateway Oo 10 1 1 1 Secondary Gateway Description 10 1 1 2 Gateway information for subnet 1 Last Discovered at Wed Dec 31 16 00 00 PST 1969 3 Perform the following operations from this panel Add a new gateway a Click Add b Enter values as described in Table 44 c Click Submit The panel reopens to the list the new user d To rediscover the new gateway immediately without waiting for the next daily auto discovery click Rediscover Modify a gateway entry a Select the user and click Modify b Change values as described in Table 44 c Click Submit The panel reopens to the list the modified values d To rediscover the new gateway immediately without waiting for the next daily auto discovery click Rediscover Delete a gateway entry a Select the server and click Delete b Click OK to confirm TABLE 44 Auto Discovery Settings Item Description Seed Gateway IP Enter the IP address of a gateway with nodes that you want to include in the auto discovery Secondary Gatew
44. power 7320 Outdoor use 802 11a b g n 2 4 GHz and 5 8 GHz FCC 2 4 GHz and 5 4 GHz ETSI AC power 7320 DC Outdoor use 802 11a b g n 2 4 GHz and 5 8 GHz FCC 2 4 GHz and 5 4 GHz ETSI DC power 6320 Outdoor use 802 11a b g n 2 4 GHz and 5 8 GHz FCC 2 4 GHz and 5 4 GHz ETSI DC power 6310 Outdoor use 802 11b g n 2 4 GHz DC power 5320 Outdoor use 802 11a b g 2 4 GHz and 5 8 GHz FCC 2 4 GHz and 5 4 GHz ETSI AC power 5320 DC Outdoor use 802 11a b g 2 4 GHz and 5 8 GHz FCC 2 4 GHz and 5 4 GHz ETSI DC power Tropos Control EMS User Guide Chapter 1 TABLE 1 Router Models continued Router Model Characteristics 52108 e Outdoor use e 802 11b g 2 4GHz AC power 5210 DC e Outdoor use e 802 11b g 2 4GHz DC power 4310 e Mobile router for use in vehicles 42108 e 802 11b g 2 4GHz DC power a For the 5210 4210 and 9422 routers software support is limited to the correction of ser vice affecting bugs The 3110 3210 and 5110 routers are no longer supported The term mobile router refers to the Tropos 4310 4210 9432 and 9422 models which are designed for installation and use in moving vehicles The term stationary routers or fixed routers refers to all the other router models which are designed to be installed in a fixed location All Tropos routers are controlled by the Tro
45. pr 172 20 0125 105 255 255 2559 Djy Provisioning from Files Tasks Perform these tasks in order to provision routers from files 1 Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Specify the type of provisioning and the source file on page 77 3 Schedule the provisioning job on page 72 4 Commit the provisioning job on page 73 Specify the type of provisioning and the source file 1 Open the Provisioning tab and select the routers to provision Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Select the type of provisioning For router identity Choose Using Router Identity CSV file from the provisioning type pull down list For black list white list Choose Using Black List or White List file from the provisioning type pull down list Choose whether to provision the list to the routers or retrieve the list from the routers Choose whether the clients in the list will be allowed to access the network or blocked from accessing the network For static provisioning Choose Using Router Static IP file from the provisioning type pull down list 3 Choose whether to select the file from your local file server or the Tropos Control server and browse to locate and open the file Tropos Control EMS User Guide 7 Chapter 7 4 Click Provision Provisioning Forms The following notes apply to use of the provisioning forms in the web interface C Unique m Fields marked as unique can be
46. recognized you can disable this feature Client MAC Address Specifies the MAC address of the client to be added to the Static IP list Static IP Address Specifies the IP address of the client to be added to the Static IP list CPE MAC Address Specifies the MAC address of any customer premise equipment CPE in addition to the MAC and IP addresses of the client connected to the CPE Client MAC Address Specifies the MAC address of the client to be added to the Static IP list Static IP Address Specifies the IP address of the client to be added to the Static IP list Tropos Control EMS User Guide 104 Chapter 7 TABLE 25 Static IP Client Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description CPE MAC Address Specifies the MAC address of any customer premise equipment CPE in addition to the MAC and IP addresses of the client connected to the CPE VLAN Name Specifies the VLAN for the wired client Packet Filtering Packet Filtering Figure 29 determines the types of packets forwarded or rejected by the router Forwarding applies to packets that pass through the router not those that begin or terminate at the router Usage for the Packet Filter Forwarding page differs according to whether the default packet filter forwarding policy is Permitted or Denied see Table 26 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 105 Chapter 7
47. shows basic Tropos wireless network FIGURE 1 Typical Tropos Wireless Network Wireless aan Wireless Client Tropos Node S KEG x S C gt Tropos Node yj N i Wireless Client Tropos Gateway ED Se f E I EMS Server and Client Tropos networks can be deployed on a small or large scale The largest deployments are able to support thousands of routers over a wide geographic area Each node communicates with standard 802 11 clients and passes data back through a wireless link to a gateway that is attached to the wired network All routers continually monitor the quality of the wireless links and select the optimal path for routing traffic to the wired gateway By overcoming the effects of interference and multi path fading across the mesh the Tropos network is able to deliver consistent throughput up to the maximum available Routing decisions are made by way of the Tropos Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol PWRP which manages network routing based on self organizing principles The PWRP implements dynamic re clustering to maximize available throughput and ensure reliability Dynamic re clustering refers to the ability of the network to respond to changes in radio signal availability and quality by modifying the paths that data packets take When a node becomes unavailable or the signal quality degrades due to distance or other ambient conditions the network automatically reorganizes to create an
48. the external server designated to receive the SNMP traps SNMP User Name User name for SNMP access Auth Type Choose the cryptographic algorithm MD5 SHA or No Auth to use in authenticat ing communications between Tropos Control and the external server Auth Key Enter an authentication key to secure the communications between Tropos Control and the external server designated to receive the SNMP traps SNMP Port Enter the Tropos Control server port to use for SNMP communications Tropos Control EMS User Guide 57 6 Viewing Network Configuration Information This chapter describes how to display device information using the Network Configuration panels in the web interface Chapter contents m Network Configuration Panels m Configuration View Actions m Updating the Device Database Configuring Gateways for Multi Subnet Roaming Tropos Router Reference Guide 58 Chapter 6 Network Configuration Panels The Configuration View tab presents device information from the Tropos Control database The information shown in each panel is described in Provisioning Forms on page 78 Note The Configuration View displays only the menu items that are included in your product The Configuration View tab includes the following panels Complete View General status information Router Synchronization Make router configurations consistent with each other Inventory List of routers in t
49. the update is completed any new information is reflected in the Configuration View panels Tropos Router Reference Guide 63 Chapter 6 View Events or Alarms 1 Select the routers in the table 2 Click View Events or View Alarms to open the Events or Alarms page for the selected routers See Viewing Fault Information on page 49 for more information Provision 1 Select the routers in the table 2 Click Provision to open the Provisioning pages for the selected routers See Provisioning on page 68 for more information Show Map 1 Select the routers in the table 2 Click Show Map to open a Google Maps window that shows the selected routers See Viewing Geographic Maps on page 27 for more information Creating Custom Views You can save lists that match search criteria by creating custom views Create view 1 Open the Configuration View tab 2 Open the view for which you want to create the child view 3 Click the Add Child View link Add Topology Child View Mandatory fields Custom view name S J j Criteria Properties isRouter v equals v fue Enter the view name Choose an item to match from the pull down list Choose the matching criterion from the pull down list NOMA Enter the text to match Tropos Router Reference Guide 64 Chapter 6 8 To match additional items a Click More and choose additional criteria You can continue to request more
50. uniqueid display name latitude longitude location contact Example uniqueid display name latitude longitude location contact 35036 Gateway 37 3935 122 033 Sunnyvale CA 94085 www company com Black list or white list Identify clients that are permitted or denied access to the Tropos network ACL Block Refuse association to the devices with specified MAC addresses ACL Allow Permit the devices with specifies MAC addresses to associate The following black list white list provisioning operations are supported Apply Upload a file with MAC addresses to the selected router or routers Retrieve Copy a file with MAC addresses from the selected router or routers to the Tropos Control server storing the file in the cell configuration directory in the Tropos Control installation directory The black list or white list file must consist of a list of MAC addresses one per line Tropos Control EMS User Guide 76 Chapter 7 Example OO L122 633944555 aa bb cc dd ee ff Static IP addresses Add routers with static IP address assignments The file must begin with the following line and conform to this format uniqueid wiredip wiredmask wlan0ip wlan0Omask wlanlip wlanlmask defaultgw Example uniqueid wiredip wiredmask wlan0Oip wlan0Omask wlanlip wlanlmask defaultgw 19040 172 20 125 95 255 255 255 0 172 20 125 96 255 255 255 0 172 20 125 254 185057
51. 0 125 118 node Cick double 1472 20 125 105 node arrow to 172 20 125 96 gateway select all 172 20 125 98 node routers 172 20 125 80 node 172 20 125 83 node Or highlight 172 20 125 81 node 172 20 125 165 node routers to 172 20 125 99 gateway select and 172 20 125 155 node click single 172 20 125 192 node arror 172 20 125 238 node 172 20 125 169 node 172 20 125 130 node 172 20 125 232 mobileNode 172 20 125 71 node 172 20 125 65 node 172 20 125 55 node 172 20 125 128 gateway Golden Router Kl 2 SelectAll Unselect All SelectAll Unselect All SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways Select All Nodes Unselect All Nodes Select All Nodes Unselect All Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes Sort by IP Type Version Model Name Cluster Sort by IP Type Version Model Name Cluster 3 Select the routers that you want to back up Available Routers list and click the right facing arrow to move them to the Selected Routers area You can use the links near the bottom of the screen to select or sort the groups of routers in the list or use the double arrows to move the entire list 4 Click Apply The panel reopens to show the number of selected routers Manual Backup File name prefix Select r
52. 0 46 172 20 125 128 Aug 27 2010 18 12 49 Aug 27 2010 18 12 56 3 Failed Router is not reachable root Aug 27 2010 18 11 01 Aug 27 2010 18 11 02 0 Success Success user 1 Aug 27 2010 18 11 01 Aug 27 2010 18 11 02 0 Success Success user 1 Aug 27 2010 18 11 01 Aug 27 2010 18 11 02 0 Success Success root 2 Choose from the options list in Table 38 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 127 Chapter 7 TABLE 38 Provision Result Operations Operation Description View result information Examine the Time Status and Reason columns for information about the specific job Open the provision panel for the selected job Click the underlined job name View details for the selected router Click the underlined device name to open a window with details about the selected router Control which jobs are listed Use any of the following controls Choose from the pull down list at the top of the panel to select the number of jobs to display on each page e Click Show All to is to show all the provision results that are in the database Commit a job Select a checkbox for the job that you want to commit and click Commit Click Provision on the panel that opens Tropos Control EMS User Guide 128 8 Performing Administrative Tasks This chapter describes how to use the web interface to manage router inventory upgrade router software and generate diagnostic information to assist Tropos Cust
53. 06 2007 14 44 58 End Time Dec 06 2007 14 45 02 Summary Success Details Page Lengthllentries per page 25 1to 1 0f1 Device Start End Status Detail File Name Time Time Dec 06 Dec 06 Restore 10 11 11 175 2008 2008 Success loptTroposControl ems routerBackup scheduled_backup 2007_12_06_000159 35435 cfg 14 45 00 14 45 02 caaniat Supporting RADIUS Authentication You can configure the Tropos Control server to forward any authentication requests for access to the Tropos Control server to an external RADIUS server Note Password Authentication Protocol PAP is used as the authentication protocol Set up RADIUS authentication for access to the Tropos Control server 1 Open the Administration tab and click AAA Server A list of currently configured RADIUS servers is displayed raa Modi Dette a Server Name Host IP Port Timeout oO Newserver 101 1 1 1812 60 2 Perform the following operations from this panel Add a new server a Click Add b Enter values as described in Table 41 c Click Submit The panel reopens to show the new server Modify a server entry a Select the server and click Modify b Change values as described in Table 41 c Click Submit Tropos Control EMS User Guide 143 Chapter 8 The panel reopens to show the modified values Delete a server entry a Select the server and click Delete b Click OK to confirm TABLE 41 RADIUS Server Settings Item
54. 20 125 178 node 472 20 125 217 node 172 20 125 236 gateway 172 20 125 70 gateway 172 20 125 50 node 172 20 125 118 node Cick double 172 20 125 105 node arrow to 172 20 125 96 gateway select all 172 20 125 98 node routers 172 20 125 80 node 172 20 125 83 node Tan Or highlight 172 20 125 81 node 172 20 125 165 node routers to 172 20 125 99 gateway select and 172 20 125 155 node click single 172 20 125 192 node arror 172 20 125 238 node 172 20 125 169 node 172 20 125 130 node 172 20 125 232 mobileNode 172 20 125 71 node 172 20 125 65 node 172 20 125 55 node Lal 172 20 125 128 gateway L479 90 ane 464 inada Golden Router SelectAll Unselect All SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways Select All Nodes Unselect All Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes Model SelectAll UnselectAll SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways Select All Nodes Unselect All Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes Sortby IP Type Version Model Name Cluster Sortby IP Type Version Name Cluster Select the routers that you want to provision in the Available Routers list and click the right facing arrow to move them to the Selected Routers area You can use the links near the bottom of the screen to select or sort the groups of routers in the list or use the double arrows to move the
55. 34567 ArcadvanTe 85 87 B0 2 4 GHz 81 43 6 i PEESO el i i 5 Graph Client details Averages Total h Data for this No data Data for arap link otal hours this hour icon of threshold hour for this pies violation violdates hour within threshold threshold You can do the following on this panel Choose thresholds from the pull down lists m Click Show Fail Records to display all records for routers that violated the threshold during the specified period Click Show All Records to display all records for the specified period Tropos Control EMS User Guide 35 Chapter 4 m Click the graph icon on the right to display a graph of the data Client SNR 00 0E 35 C6 B0 07 oe _e_e_ _ _ _ _ 6 6 18 00 20 00 22 00 00 00 02 00 04 00 06 00 08 00 10 00 12 00 14 00 16 00 Time 06 26 06 27 2006 mClientSNR mThreshold m Click an underlined Client MAC address link to open the Client Query window for the selected client see next section The MAC addresses include prefixes Understanding the Client Query Reports You can access the detailed client information by clicking any of the MAC address links on the Client Optimization page The Client Query report presents information about the client s network activity over the past 24 hours handaki Client CPE Average History Information MAC Address 00 19 d2 7b 61 b3 Clients behind CPE IP Addre
56. 49014 cfg optTroposControl i oe ems routerBackup 172 20 125 55 Jan 21 2010 00 02 19 Jan 212010 00 02 20 Success Downloaded Ischeduled_backup 2010_01_21_000210 49011 cfg JoptTroposControl 172 20 125 65 Jan 21 2010 00 02 19 Jan 212010 00 02 20 Success Downloaded SURE ese Te scheduled_backup 2010_01_21_000210 49009 cfg Restoring Router Configurations Follow the steps in the section to restore router configurations that were previously backed up m Restore router configuration to the same router Restore a previously backed up configuration to the same router m Restore router configuration to a different router Restore a previously backed up configuration to a different router This procedure is useful for restoring configurations after a router has been replaced in the field m View the Restore Events list Monitor the status of restoration operations Tropos Control EMS User Guide 140 Chapter 8 Restore router configuration to the same router 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Restore The Router Restore panel Figure 44 opens FIGURE 44 Router Restore Panel Router Restore Restore Router Select Backup File Browse Restore file to selected router Backup file name Select router to restore 321035050 10 11 11 184 x Restore Events Refresh Events List Start m Time End Time Status 2 Click Browse in the Restore Router area Navigate t
57. 8bit Enter 5 hexadecimal characters e ASCII64bit Enter 10 ASCII characters e ASCII128bit Enter 26 ASCII characters Note After you create a key use it to program all client devices and routers on the wireless network RADIUS RADIUS Server Enter the IP address of the RADIUS server that authenti cates user requests for network access if WPA1 1X or WPA2 1X or both are selected as an authentication type RADIUS Authentication 1812 Enter the port on the RADIUS server to be used for client Port authentication requests if WPA1 1X or WPA2 1X or both are selected as an authentication type RADIUS Secret mysecret Enter a shared secret code to verify the connection Confirm RADIUS Secret between the RADIUS server and the router if WPA1 1X or WPA2 1X or both are selected as an authentication type RADIUS Accounting 0 0 0 0 Enter the IP address of the RADIUS accounting server if Server RADIUS accounting services are used to log client activ ity An IP address of 0 0 0 0 disables this feature RADIUS Accounting 1813 Enter the port on the accounting server to be used for Port RADIUS accounting requests if RADIUS accounting ser vices are used to log client activity RADIUS Accounting Enter the shared secret code to verify the connection Secret between the accounting server and the router if RADIUS Confirm RADIUS accounting services are used to log client activity Accounting Secret RADIUS Accounting 900 Enter an interval seconds between RADIU
58. 94 01 26 2010 15 55 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 58 4 46 100 2 35 0 0 0 0034 0 0046 7 7 618 916 94 01 26 2010 15 54 00 wlan0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 5 82 100 1 35 0 0 0 0005 0 0029 1 1 64 68 94 01 26 2010 15 53 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 10 64 50 2 35 0 0 0 001 0002 2 2 128 136 94 01 26 2010 15 52 00 wlan0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 1 56 100 2 35 0 0 0 001 0 002 2 2 128 136 94 01 26 2010 15 51 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 3 25 100 1 34 0 0 0 0025 0 0031 5 5 488 508 94 01 26 2010 15 50 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 5 50 100 2 35 0 0 0 001 0 002 2 2 128 136 94 Using the Voice Optimization Panels The Voice Optimization panels present detailed statistics on voice calls within the network To access the panel open the Network Health tab and choose Voice Optimization on the side menu Each row in the voice optimization panel describes the statistic the current value ratio and percentage and a description of the status Change status key or thresholds 1 Choose values from any of the pull down lists on the optimization panel If you want to use the thresholds as the new defaults select Save above thresholds as default thresholds 2 Click Submit View voice optimization details m Click the underlined link for the parameter to open the associated details panel Each panel includes pul
59. Access Web Browser Windows Linux Internet Explorer6 Yes N A Firefox 3 5 Yes Yes Supported Routers We recommend that current customers upgrade existing TroposControl installations to Release 7 5 only if all the routers in the network will be running Release 7 1 or later software Firewall Requirements If the Tropos Control EMS server or routers are behind a firewall then the ports listed in Table 5 must be opened on the firewall TABLE 5 Firewall Ports Port Number and Type Protocol _ Direction Description 8443 TCP HTTPS Both EMS Apache Server port 1099 TCP RMI Both RMI Registry Random 4567 TCP TCP Both EMS FE Secondary Port Random 5008 TCP TCP Inbound only EMS Transport Provider Random 16010 TCP RMI Both This port is used by the EMS Server for RMI communication 161 UDP SNMP Both SNMP Request Response 162 UDP SNMP Both SNMP Informs Traps 5000 TCP NUTTCP Both Performance Benchmarking 5001 TCP NUTTCP Both Performance Benchmarking 22 TCP SSH Both 80 TCP HTTP Both Web Service 443 TCP HTTPS Both Secured Web Service 7 UDP ICMP PING Both Ping utility 0 8 UDP ECHO Both Echo request reply 123 UDP NTP Both NTP client 8900 TCP TCP Both Used by EMS for router configuration Tropos Control EMS User Guide 11 Chapter 2 TABLE 5 Firewall Ports continued Port Number and Type Pr
60. Default Description Gateway IP Specifies the IP address of a gateway to make available for roaming Mask Specifies the subnet mask for the gateway Subnet Route Specifies the subnet of a mobile node or down stream interface associated with the subnet of this gateway Subnet Mask Specifies the subnet mask of a mobile node or downstream interface associated with the subnet of this gateway Add Delete Adds an entry to the list or deletes one from the list Tropos Control EMS User Guide 110 Chapter 7 Backhaul Routing The Backhaul Routing page Figure 20 permits selection of advanced routing protocols such as Border Gateway Protocol BGP to support backhaul traffic The Tropos gateway establishes BGP sessions with configured neighbors and exchanges routes for all multi subnet roaming clients The clients upstream traffic is sent directly to the neighbor without requiring tunneling between the home and foreign subnets Table 29 lists parameters on the page FIGURE 32 Backhaul Routing Page Backhaul Routin 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Please select routers to provision Adjust Selection 2 Modulename valve totes Backhaul Routing Type Disabled CI BGP Neighbors 0 Neighbor Name Neighbor IP Local ASN Remote ASN oak padres wm 41 When VLANs are enabled Service VLAN ID should be a valid VLAN ID En f reset TABLE 30 Backhaul Rout
61. Description RADIUS Server Name Enter a name to identify the RADIUS server Server Host Name IP Enter the IP address or host name of the server Server Port Number Enter the RADIUS server port number for authentication requests Default 1812 Shared Secret Key Enter and confirm the code used to verify the connection between the Confirm Shared Secret Key RADIUS server and the router Timeout Enter the number of seconds after which an authentication request times out Range 1 30 seconds default 5 seconds Managing Administrative Users You can use the web interface to set up administrative user accounts Note Only the user with root privileges can set up other user accounts Manage administrative user accounts 1 Open the Administration tab and click AAA Server A list of currently configured users is displayed Add Modify d Username Full Name Role Authentication Server Status o root Default Root User root Enabled F guest Default Guest User readonly Local Disabled oO test root Local Enabled 2 Perform the following operations from this panel Add a new user a Click Add b Enter values as described in Table 42 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 144 Chapter 8 c Click Submit The panel reopens to the list the new user Modify a user entry a Select the user and click Modify b Change values as described in Table 42 c Click Submit The panel reopens to the list the modified values
62. For example the next graph shows link PSP data for a gateway Link PSP from 172 20 125 93 to 172 20 125 97 29 _ _ _ 12 00 14 00 16 00 18 00 20 00 22 00 00 00 02 00 04 00 06 00 08 00 10 00 Time 06 26 01 15 2010 EPSP mThreshold Using the Client Optimization Panels The Client Optimization panels present detailed statistics on client performance Access the panels m Open the Network Health tab and choose Client Optimization on the side menu The Client Optimization panel Figure 9 opens FIGURE 9 Client Optimization Panel Optimization tue Status Clients with SNR less than 19 dB for 3 or more hours 0 49 0 Excellent Clients with signal less than 753 w dBm for 3 or more hours 5 49 10 Poor Clients with noise over 85 dBm for 3 or more hours 0 49 0 Excellent Clients with traffic over 100 MB hour for 3 or more hours 1149 2 Good Clients rate limited for more than 5 v mins for 3 or more hours 0 49 0 Excellent Failure time threshold 3 47 hours Check history for Last 24 hours 1 Status Key Excellent failure percentage 0 Good 0 lt failure percentage lt 5 Marginal 5 x lt failure percentage lt 10 Poor 10 lt failure percentage lt 25 Bad 25 lt failure percentage CI Save above thresholds as default thresholds Tropos Control EMS User Guide 34 Chapter 4 Eac
63. LOGIN root logged in root Jun 02 2008 17 19 14 127 0 0 1 LOGIN root logged in 2 Click Refresh Audit Log to update the list Configuring Banner Text Use the Server Configuration page to configure optional banner text that is displayed in the upper right portion of the each page as shown in Figure 5 on page 21 Configure banner text 1 Open the Administration tab and click Server Configuration Tropos Control Configuration Banner FIPS Mode Disabled Tropos Control Server will be restarted upon FIPS Mode modification Tropos Control users password length should be of minimum 8 characters for it to be running in FIPS Mode 2 Enter the banner text The maximum length is 128 characters and special characters such as amp lt gt are not supported 3 Click Submit Tropos Control EMS User Guide 149 Chapter 8 Configuring FIPS Mode Tropos supports the Federal Information Processing Standards version 140 2 FIPS 140 2 which are general security standards for protection of sensitive information required by government agencies in the U S and Canada Note Refer to the complete security policy for detailed FIPS instructions The security policy is distributed to Tropos FIPS customers along with router software and tamper evident seals Note the following properties and restrictions m For FIPS 140 2 support FIPS mode must be enabled on the Tropos Control server and the manage
64. Mesh Control Tx Rate Bit rate for data traffic between routers See PowerCurve description for additional information This field is active only if PowerCurve is disabled Tropos Control EMS User Guide 88 Chapter 7 TABLE 19 Wireless Page Parameters Field Range Default Description PowerCurve On Off Implementation of adjustments for efficient network resource utilization Choosing on activates the following parameter changes and restrictions e Mesh unicast transmit rate is automatically set to auto e Power attenuation settings apply only to router router control traffic You can continue to assign data rates for mesh control transmission Turning power curve adjustments off results in the fol lowing change e Power attenuation settings apply to all data and con trol traffic Mesh Unicast Trans mit Rate Auto Fixed Mesh Control Tx Rate Bit rate for data traffic between routers See PowerCurve description for additional information This field is active only if PowerCurve is disabled Transmit Power Atten uation Transmit Power 0 15 dB This is a global power attenuation that applies to all traf Attenuation 0 dB fic Additional Attenua 0 15 dB Additional attenuation added on top of the Maximum tion for 802 11 Bea 0dB Power Attenuation and applied to 802 11 beacons and cons and management traffic Management Frames entry for each wire less inte
65. NIA 10 1 0 Click Export in the Performance History window to save the performance history in csv format Using the Network Optimization Panels The Network Optimization panels present statistics to help assess current and recent router behavior and performance Thresholds are applied to a variety of performance metrics to determine whether problems exist in the network If the problem thresholds are not met the cell is listed as problem free You can adjust the thresholds based on the network and user preferences for each network health report by selecting from the drop down lists below the optimization table see figure To save the thresholds as defaults select Save above thresholds as default thresholds and click Submit Failure time threshold 3 hours Check history for Last 24 hours w Status Key Excellent failure percentage 0 Good 0 lt failure percentage lt 5 Marginal 5 sy lt failure percentage lt 10 10 v lt failure percentage lt 25 Bad 25 EJ lt failure percentage Save above thresholds as default thresholds Access the panels m Open the Network Health tab and choose Network Optimization on the side menu The summary Optimization panel opens Figure 8 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 30 Chapter 4 FIGURE 8 Network Optimization Panel Submit Missing Data Dec 07 09 00 Dec 08 09 00 Value Status Routers with missing data for 4 or more hours 3 28 11 Po
66. Parameters Field Range Default Description Name Text name for the peer to peer block rule Peer1 IP any IP address of one of the peers Peer1 Mask any Subnet mask that applies to the first peer IP address bits Peer2 IP any IP address of the second peer Peer2 Mask any Subnet mask that applies to the second peer IP address bits Tropos Control EMS User Guide 109 Chapter 7 Multi Subnet Roaming The Multi Subnet Roaming page Figure 20 identifies the list of gateways available for roaming across multiple subnets Table 29 lists parameters on the page Note During multi subnet roaming the client s traffic is routed through its home gateway to which it was originally associated If the home gateway loses its uplink while an associated client is roaming the client will lose connectivity To restore connectivity the old gateway must become available again or the client must obtain an IP address from the new gateway FIGURE 31 Multi Subnet Roaming Page Multi subnet Roaming 1 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Router default value comes from this Router Name 532019967 Type gateway ID 19967 Wlan0 IP 10 11 11 179 C Gateway List Gateway IP Po Mask C Additional Roaming Subnets Use this for wired clients sub interface subnets TABLE 29 Multi Subnet Roaming Page Parameters Field Range
67. S User Guide 155 Chapter 1 Basic Service Set BSS The set of all wireless client stations controlled by a single Tropos router The BSS is identified by the BSS identifier BSSID often the MAC address of the router Border Gateway Protocol BGP Internet protocol that allows routers to share information and provides the routing mechanism for same subnet roaming in the Tropos network Certificate Authority CA Trusted network entity that issues digital security credentials Call Admission Control CAC Mechanism for improving QoS for VoIP communications by causing calls to be rejected in the presence of contention Domain Name Service DNS Standard used to convert alphanumeric Internet domain names to IP addresses Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP Protocol used for central dynamic management of IP addresses A DHCP server leases DHCP addresses to individual network entities for a specified period of time Leases can be renewed automatically when the lease period ends DHCP assures flexibility in IP address assignment and precludes the necessity of generating and entering static IP addresses for each network entity Differentiated Services Code Point DHCP Integer value that is included in the DS field of an IP header and which desig nates a specific QoS value Extended Service Set ESS A wireless network that consists of multiple Tropos routers each of which provides wireless service to network
68. S accounting Interval updates if RADIUS accounting services are used to log client activity an interval of 0 disables interim updates Tropos Control EMS User Guide 95 Chapter 7 TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description Delay RADIUS Account Yes No Choose whether the RADIUS accounting session will ing Start for Authentica begin when the client associates to the router No or tion and IP when the client has associated been authenticated and obtained an IP address Yes Because debugging information is gathered as part of the debugging session choosing No may help in trouble shooting authentication or IP addressing issues IPSec for RADIUS Disabled Enabled Choose whether to enable IPSec security for communica tion with the RADIUS server IPSec Tunnel Endpoint Specify the IP address of the system that terminates the RADIUS tunnel endpoint that starts at the router IPSec Preshared Key Specify the preshared key for authentication of the IPSec Confirm IPSec Pre tunnel shared Kay Advanced Settings Client Access Rule Deny Allow Choose the type of rule e Deny Clients in the list are denied access all others are permitted to associate Allow Only the clients in the list are permitted to associate 802 11b Support Disabled Choose a value according to whether the router must Short Preamble operate with older 802 11b de
69. Tropos Control Element Management System User Guide Release 7 5 a wz networks Tropos Networks Inc 555 Del Rey Ave Sunnyvale CA 94085 USA www troposnetworks com 408 331 6800 Part No 200033 75 Rev CO 2011_05_13_00 Copyright Notice 2003 2011 Tropos Networks Inc All rights reserved Tropos and PWRP are registered trademarks of Tropos Networks Inc Tropos Networks AMCE TMCX SABRE CMDP MESM and Metro Scale Mesh Networking Defined are trademarks of Tropos Networks Inc All other brand or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holder s Information contained herein is subject to change without notice The only warranties for Tropos products and services are set forth in the express warranty statements accompanying such products and services Nothing herein should be construed as constituting an additional warranty Tropos shall not be liable for technical or editorial errors or omissions contained herein This product includes technology protected by U S Patents 6 704 301 6 965 575 7 016 328 7 031 293 7 058 021 7 362 737 7 376 087 7 382 778 7 397 789 7 450 552 7 460 489 7 489 932 7 499 409 7 505 426 7 542 421 7 551 562 7 564 781 7 564 862 7 580 393 7 580 705 7 586 879 Restricted Rights Legend Use duplication or disclosure by the United States Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph c 1 CD of the Rights in Technical Data and Com
70. abled and the Tropos Control EMS server restarts After a few minutes close and reopen your browser and then log in When you reopen the Server Configuration page a Zeroize button is displayed Tropos Control Configuration Banner Cornerstone EMS _ FIPS Mode Disabled v Network Health History 20 days Tropos Control Server will be restarted upon FIPS Mode modification Tropos Control users password length should be of minimum 8 characters for it to be running in FIPS Mode The Zeroize button allows you to immediately secure the system in the event of a potential security problem If you click the button all critical security parameters stored in clear text are automatically removed from the system This action also shuts down the Tropos Control server Following shutdown you must reinstall the server software Tropos Control EMS User Guide 151 B Redundant Tropos Control Servers for Failover This appendix describes how to configure primary and secondary Tropos Control servers so that the secondary server takes over if the primary server is not available e Primary and Secondary Servers e Set Up the Primary and Secondary Servers e Set Up the Secondary Server as Backup e Perform Failover from the Primary to Secondary Server e Returning to the Primary Server when it Recovers Primary and Secondary Servers The primary Tropos Control Server is responsible for managing the Tropos network As part of its normal mana
71. ackup at 00 01 HH MM Save file for 14 days Manual Backup File name prefix Select routers to be backed up 0 routers are selected Export Backup Backup file name Backup Events 8 Page Lenathllentries per page 25 ID Start Time End Time 254 Jan 22 2010 00 02 11 Jan 22 2010 00 04 13 Success 29 Failure 4 253 Jan 21 2010 00 02 11 Jan 21 2010 00 04 17 Success 29 Failure 4 252 Jan 20 2010 00 02 11 Jan 20 2010 00 04 13 Success 29 Failure 4 251 Jan 19 2010 00 02 10 Jan 19 2010 00 02 19 Success 29 Failure 4 250 Jan 18 2010 00 02 10 Jan 18 2010 00 02 19 Success 29 Failure 4 Browse 2 Select Enable daily backup at and enter the time in HH MM format Enter the number of days to keep the backup Click Submit The daily backup job is scheduled Every day the configuration profiles for all routers are backed up at the specified time Perform a manual backup 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Backup 2 Click the underlined routers are selected link to choose the routers to include in the backup Tropos Control EMS User Guide 137 Chapter 8 A selection window opens Select Routers Available Routers Selected Routers 472 20 125 231 node ht 172 20 125 217 node 172 20 125 201 node 172 20 125 225 node 172 20 125 73 node 172 20 125 116 node 172 20 125 239 node 172 20 125 178 node 172 20 125 236 gateway 172 20 125 70 gateway 172 20 125 50 node 172 2
72. all routers otherwise routers would become unreachable Oo 2 4 GHz Auto Channel 2 4 GHz Channel 2 4 GHz Channel List Default 1 6 11 5 8 GHz Auto Channel 5 8 GHz Channel 5 8 GHz Channel list Default 149 153 157 161 165 4 9 GHz Auto Channel 4 9 GHz Channel 4 9 GHz Channel list Default 9220 9620 Maintenance Window Maintenance Interval days o T Enabled TASAA Enabled v 149 153 157 161 165 Disabled v 9220 v Mar 18 2009 11 1 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 86 Chapter 7 FIGURE 22 Wireless Configuration Bottom Rate and Power Configuration 5 a OMe 2 oa u im 2 oO O oO 2 4 GHz Mesh Control Transmit Rate 5 8 GHz Mesh Control Transmit Rate 4 9 GHz Mesh Control Transmit Rate 2 4 GHz Power Curve 5 8 GHz Power Curve 4 9 GHz Power Curve 2 4 GHz Mesh Unicast Transmit Rate 5 8 GHz Mesh Unicast Transmit Rate 4 9 GHz Mesh Unicast Transmit Rate 2 4 GHz Transmit Power Attenuation 0 15dB 5 8 GHz Transmit Power Attenuation 0 15dB 4 9 GHz Transmit Power Attenuation 0 15dB Additional Attenuation for 2 4 GHz 802 11 Beacons and Management Frames Additional Attenuation for 5 8 GHz 802 11 Beacons and Management Frames Additional Attenuation for 4 9 GHz 802 11 Beacons and Management Frames 2 4 GHz Additional Client Transmit
73. am blue and downstream green wireless throughput between nodes and the gateway Mbps Backhaul Throughput Average upstream blue and downstream green throughput between the gateway and the Tropos Control server Mbps m Mesh Performance Performance of the mesh for the past hour Mbps Backhaul Performance Backhaul performance for the past hour Mbps Viewing Geographic Maps You can view network routers in geographic context by using the Google Maps area on the right side of the dashboard Note If a map is not visible when you open the dashboard you must first obtain a map key from Google This needs to be done only once Make sure you have Internet connectivity from your browser Obtain the Google maps key 1 Open the web interface 2 Click the Google Map API Key Signup link in the Google maps area of the dashboard The Google Maps API key for thi e was not found Please generate a key for the website at Google Map A an Key Signup gnd upload the key to your website then refre Enter the IP address and port of the Tropos Control server https lt ipaddress gt 8443 Bi have read and agree with the terms and conditions printable version My web site URL https 10 0 1 1 8443 Generate API Key 5 Select the checkbox to accept the terms and conditions for use of the key and click Generate API Key Tropos Control EMS User Guide 27 Chapter 4 The key is generated and displa
74. ame that uniquely identifies the network on which the router is operating Choose an authentication type and enter a PSK passphrase as described above in this table Authentication Open Select the authentication method WEP WPA1 PSK WPA1 1x WPA2 PSK AES only WPA18 amp 2 PSK AES only WPA2 PSK WPA1 amp 2 PSK WPA1 1X AES only WPA18 amp 2 1X AES only WPA2 1X WPA18 amp 2 1X PSK Passphrase Enter a passphrase if you choose one of the WPA PSK Confirm PSK Pass options phrase WEP Configuration WEP Type Hex64bit Choose the type of WEP key entry for each wireless Hex128bit e Hex64bit Hexadecimal string with 64 bit encryption interface ASCII64bit key 40 bit encryption plus 24 bit initialization number ASCII128bit e Hex128bit Hexadecimal string with 104 bit encryp tion key 40 bit encryption plus 24 bit initialization number e ASCII64bit ASCII string with 64 bit encryption key 40 bit encryption plus 24 bit initialization number e ASCII128bit ASCIl string with 104 bit encryption key 40 bit encryption plus 24 bit initialization number Tropos Control EMS User Guide 94 Chapter 7 TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description WEP Key Enter the encryption key which is required for each WEP entry for each wireless type The format depends on the WEP type interface e Hex64bit Enter 5 hexadecimal characters e Hex12
75. anagement VLAN CIVLAN IP Mapping VLAN ID VLAN Name Default Gateway DHCP Server Tropos Control EMS User Guide 81 Chapter 7 TABLE 18 IP and VLAN Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Mode DHCP Static Method used to obtain the device IP address static or DHCP LAN Backhaul IP IP address of the LAN backhaul interface x x x x n format Address This field is grayed out if Mode is set to DHCP LAN Backhaul Mask Subnet mask of the LAN backhaul interface x x x x n for mat This field is active only if Mode is Static WLANO Wireless IP IP address of the wlan0 interface x x x x n format This field is grayed out if Mode is set to DHCP WLANO Wireless Mask Subnet mask of the wlan0 interface x x x x n format This field is active only if Mode is Static WLAN1 Wireless IP IP address of the wlan1 interface x x x x n format This field is grayed out if Mode is set to DHCP WLAN1 Wireless Mask Subnet mask of the wlan1 interface x x x x n format This field is active only if Mode is Static Default Gateway IP address of the default network device not the device This field is active only if Mode is Static Domain Name Servers Specifies the name of a DNS server on the network up to three servers are supported Backhaul Check Disabled IP address of a device to be used to verify backhaul con Enabled nectivity
76. are Tropos Networks Mesh Router Installation Guide Model 6320 and 6310 Explains how to install the Tropos 6320 and 6310 Mesh router hardware Tropos Networks Mesh Router Installation Guide Model 5320 and 9532 Instructions on installing the Tropos 5320 and 9532 router hardware Tropos Networks Mesh Router Installation Guide Models 4310 and 9432 Explains how to install the Tropos 4310 and 9432 mobile Mesh router hardware Tropos Networks Mesh Router Installation Guide Models 4210 and 9422 Explains how to install the Tropos 4210 and 9422 mobile Mesh router hardware Tropos Control EMS User Guide viii Chapter 1 Document Conventions The document uses the conventions described here Icon Notice Type Description Useful information less urgent than Caution or Note Warning Careful attention required to prevent loss of data f Caution or damage to equipment Careful attention required to avoid bodily injury Warning NOTE activities involving electrical connections A require extreme caution constant attention and strict adherence to standard safety practices Nested menu items are separated by an angle bracket gt example Start gt Programs gt Tropos gt Tropos Control EMS In parameter tables default values are listed in bold italics If there are only two choices the choices are separated by a vertical line example Enabled Disabled Items shown in bold text most o
77. ateway History Average Information Item Description Type Node or gateway Node IP IP address of the node or gateway To view this information click the underlined line to open the Configuration Utility for the particular node or gateway Node ID Tropos identifier for the node or gateway Duration min Total number of minutes that the client was associated with the node or gateway in the past 24 hours Signal Average signal strength for the period of association dB Click the underlined line to open a signal and noise graph Noise Average signal strength for the period of association dB SNR Average signal strength for the period of association Rx Kbps Average Kbps received for the period of association Click the under lined link to open a graph of the data Tx Kbps Average Kbps transmitted over the past 24 hours Location GPS coordinates of the node or gateway if available Tropos Control EMS User Guide 37 Chapter 4 The Detail Data area which opens when you click the double arrows on the Detail Data bar shows the pattern of associations over the past 24 hours Signal Noise SNR ss Detailed Data 2008 10 14 2008 10 15 172 20 125 128 49 91 172 20 125 96 46 99 172 20 125 96 48 99 172 20 125 128 49 94 sobs eae CPE MAC A Channel taney TimePeriodWithDate 00 19 D2 7B 61 B3 TroposGuest 1 13 10 14 16 00 17 00 00 19 D2 7B 61
78. ay IP Enter the IP address of a gateway to contact if the seed gateway is not reachable Wireless Routing Domain ID Confirm Wireless Routing Domain ID Enter and confirm the 16 character code that identifies the area of the managed routers All managed routers must be configured with the same wireless routing domain ID Tropos Control EMS User Guide 147 Chapter 8 TABLE 44 Auto Discovery Settings continued Item Description Admin User Password Enter and confirm the password required for access to the gate Confirm Admin User Password way Description Enter text to describe the gateway Tropos Control EMS User Guide 148 Chapter 8 Viewing the User Audit Log The User Audit Log page shows the history of user sessions on the Tropos Control server View the user audit log 1 Open the Administration tab and click Use Audit Log The user login history is displayed Page Lengthilentries perpage 25 V1 to 8 of 8 User Name Log Time Client IP Operation Description root Jun 05 2008 11 03 02 192 168 1 151 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 05 2008 11 00 59 192 168 128 102 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 04 2008 16 57 00 192 168 128 102 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 04 2008 15 40 39 192 168 128 102 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 04 2008 14 18 56 192 168 128 63 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 04 2008 14 16 59 192 168 128 102 LOGIN root logged in root Jun 03 2008 12 56 50 192 168 128 63
79. b Client Login UserName Password Login For product information please contact sales tropos com For support please contact support tropos com 4 Log in with the user name and password used for Tropos Control client access The default user name is root and the default password is public Tropos Control EMS User Guide 19 Chapter 3 5 The system prompts you to change the password Tropos Control TROPOS ty networks Welcome root You are using default password Please Change your password New Password Confirm Password Password expires in days Submit For product information please contact sales tropos com For support please contact support tropos com 6 Enter and confirm a new password 7 Click Submit The Tropos Control Web Interface opens to display the Network Health Dashboard Display session details Click Clients in the upper right corner of the web interface Access online help m Click Help in the upper right corner of the web interface The online help system based on this guide opens in a new window Exit the web interface Click Logout in the upper right corner of the web interface The current user name is presented along with the Logout link Navigating the Web Interface The Tropos Control web interface Figure 5 contains the following elements m Tabs Major categories of information Network Health See Viewi
80. bal database name h Oracle only Enter user name Enter the user name to connect to Oracle database Note The oracle user must have RESOURCE and Create Session privileges and must be a dedicated user for Tropos Control not shared with any other applications If possible there should be a dedicated tablespace associated with the user i Oracle only Enter password Enter the password for the user If you choose Upgrade to 7 5 the installation begins automatically If the existing Tropos Control installation uses an Oracle database then the upgrade process prompts for database details as in step e step i above If the installation uses a MySQL database the upgrade continues without the need for any user intervention 6 When the installation is complete choose OK The server automatically starts and you can access the web interface See Using the Web Interface on page 19 Updating ARP Cache Settings In environments where the devices under management are on the same subnet as the Tropos Control Server default Address Resolution Protocol ARP cache settings on the Linux server should be changed Execute the following commands to modify the ARP cache settings and also add the same command lines to the etc rc local file echo 1024 gt proc sys net ipv4 neigh default gc_threshl echo 4096 gt proc sys net ipv4 neigh default gc_thresh2 echo 8192 gt proc sys net ipv4 neigh default gc_thresh3
81. cation of whether congestion events are abled detected and averted If enabled allows networks to operate closer to their maximum capacity Downstream Trigger kbits Total quantity of data kbits that triggers the rate limit if the client receives that amount of data in the time interval specified in the Trigger Time field Upstream Trigger kbits Total quantity of data kbits that triggers the rate limit if the client transmits that amount of data in the time specified in the Trigger Time field Trigger Time seconds Length of time used to determine whether to trigger rate limits seconds Downstream Cap kbits sec Rate limit for data sent downstream to the client kbits sec Upstream Cap kbits sec Rate limit for data sent upstream from the client kbits sec Minimum Cap Duration sec Number of seconds that the rate limit applies if trig onds gered ESSID ESSID to which a rate limiting multiplier applies Wireless Interface Wireless interfaces for this SSID Multiplier 2 10 1 Rate limiting multiplier that applies to the To client cap and From client cap fields traffic to and from the subnet is restricted to the client caps times the multiplier Examples e Multiplier 0 No traffic permitted to or from the subnet e Multiplier 2 Rate limit for the subnet is equal to two times the To client cap and From client cap settings IP IP address of the subnet to which a rate limiting multiplier applies Mask Subnet mask fo
82. cket will be received TABLE 27 Packet Forwarding Standard Permit Rules vice Field Description DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration UDP ports 67 68 Protocol DNS Domain and Host Name Ser UDP ports 42 53 Cisco Cisco VPN 3000 Concentrator Series UDP ports 500 10000 ICMP Ping and Traceroute Not applicable HTTPS Secure HTTP TCP port 443 SSH Secure Shell TCP port 22 IPSec Internet Protocol Security protocol 50 UDP port 500 POP3 Post Office Protocol 3 TCP port 110 HTTP hypertext transfer protocol TCP port 80 SMTP simple mail transfer protocol TCP port 25 Telnet TCP port 23 SNMP TCP port 161 and 162 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 108 Chapter 7 A Caution If DHCP is disabled client devices and Tropos nodes cannot obtain the DHCP lease required for operation If HTTPS is disabled all HTTPS traffic will be dropped P2P Blocking Use the Peer to Peer Blocking page Figure 30 to block clients in the same subnet or in different subnet VLANs from communicating with each other Table 28 lists parameters on the page FIGURE 30 Peer to Peer Blocking Configuration Page P2P Blocking 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision C Peer to Peer Blocking m 4 Mask should be 1 32 or any En reset TABLE 28 Peer to Peer Blocking
83. click Add Image and follow the instructions in Upload a software image on page 134 To choose the routers to be upgraded click the Select Device link Use the arrows and links to highlight the desired routers and move them to the Selected Routers area Links are also available to sort the list for easier viewing The single headed arrows move only the selected routers while the double headed arrows move all routers in the list Select Routers Available Routers Selected Routers 172 20 125 217 node 172 20 125 116 node 172 20 125 225 node 172 20 125 50 node Click double arrow to select all routers Or highlight C gt routers to select and e click single arror 7 7 SelectAll Unselect All SelectAll Unselect All SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways SelectAll Gateways Unselect All Gateways SelectAll Nodes Unselect All Nodes SelectAllNodes Unselect All Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes SelectAll Mobile Nodes Unselect All Mobile Nodes Sort by IP Type Version Model Name Cluster Sortby IP Type Version Model Name Cluster 9 Click Apply to save the list and return to the Add Schedule panel 10 Click Submit to schedule the process of loading the new software on the selected routers Tropos Control EMS User Guide 132 Chapter 8 11 The Status page opens to display the status of the scheduled job The display is refreshed eve
84. clients Extensible Authentication Protocol EAP Effective authentication protocol that supports multiple authentication meth ods including passwords tokens certificates and public key authentication ESSID Alphanumeric name that uniquely identifies the wireless network Federal Information Processing Standards FIPS General security standards for protection of sensitive information required by government agencies in the U S and Canada Tropos Control EMS User Guide 156 Chapter 1 Gateway Tropos router that connects directly to the wired network and provides back haul for downstream Tropos nodes and clients Generic Route Encapsulation GRE Protocol used in creating virtual private networks between clients or between clients and servers Global Positioning System GPS Satellite navigation system used for accuracy positioning Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP Protocol that manages data transfers between web browsers and servers Hypertext Transfer Protocol over SSL HTTPS Secure version of HTTP based on Secure Sockets Layer SSL Internet Control Message Protocol ICMP Error and control message protocol for the Internet ping uses ICMP echo requests and replies Internet Protocol IP Packet routing protocol operating at the network level which associates indi vidual addresses with network nodes IP address Method of identifying a network entity as a 32 bit number usually presented as fou
85. d click Inventory Tracking to open the Inventory Tracking panel Figure 42 FIGURE 42 Inventory Tracking Panel Inventory Check Upload Inventory Serial Number File Summary of Result Total number of routers in inventory 25 Total number of routers found 214 Total number of routers never found gt Total number of mystery routers found 0 Showing all routers from the inventory Page Lenathllentries perpage S 11 to Sof 15 DD Serial Number amp IP Address Status Location Reason gO 19040 172 20 125 96 Discovered Sunnyvale Tropos g 19125 172 20 125 98 Discovered Sunnyvale CA 19134 172 20 125 84 Discovered Sunnyvale CA o 19153 172 20 125 80 Discovered Sunnyvale O 19173 172 20 125 83 Discovered Sunnyvale CA The upper part of the Inventory Tracking panel lists the information in Table 39 All the routers in inventory are listed below the summary area along with the information listed in Table 40 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 134 Chapter 8 TABLE 39 Router Information Item Description Total number of routers in inventory Total number of router included in the inventory Total number of routers found Number of discovered routers Total number of routers never found Number of routers in inventory that have not been dis covered Total number of mystery routers found Number of routers that have been discovered but are not in the inventory Item Descriptio
86. d how it should be interpreted and used FIGURE 24 DHCP Server DHCP Server 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are Please select routers to provision Network Address Translation DHCP server on board DHCP Relay To Starting Address Ending Address Netmask Domain Name Server 1 Domain Name Server 2 Domain Name Server 3 Lease Duration sec WINS Server HDoHAaaoooooooog DHCP MAC Address Filter selected Adjust Selection Enabled v Enabled v Enabled Tropos Control EMS User Guide 97 Chapter 7 SNMP TABLE 21 DHCP Server Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Network address trans lation Enabled Disabled Choose whether to enable Network Address Translation NAT for IP address assignment Enable NAT if either of these conditions apply e You want to use internal addressing within your wire less network e The network has a single gateway that represents all internal clients to the external network Note When you enable NAT the internal DHCP server on the gateway is automatically enabled DHCP Server On Board Enable Disable Indicates whether the DHCP server is enabled on the router DHCP Relay To Specifies the IP address of the DHCP server that receives the relayed DHCP requests Starting Address Specifies the first IP address in the addre
87. d routers must be running Release 7 3 or later with FIPS mode enabled FIPS mode is disabled by default Changing to FIPS mode automatically causes the Tropos Control EMS server to restart After changing to FIPS mode you must close and then reopen your web browser In FIPS mode the Router EMS Authentication key not the mesh ID is used to establish communication between the routers and the Tropos Control EMS server m FIPS 140 2 support includes a zeroize capability that automatically removes any clear text critical security parameters CSPs and shuts down the system A Caution The zeroize function should be used only in extreme cases when it is necessary to remove sensitive information After zeroizing the server software must be reinstalled Note Tropos Control can manage both FIPS and non FIPS enabled routers when running in FIPS disabled mode however in this case the management is not FIPS 140 2 compliant Enable FIPS mode 1 Make sure that SSH access to the router is disabled 2 Configure the Router EMS Authentication Key for local authentication as described in Security on page 120 The password must have a minimum of eight characters Do not configure RADIUS authentication for Tropos Control users Open the Administration tab and click Server Configuration Select Enabled from the FIPS Mode drop down list and click Submit Tropos Control EMS User Guide 150 Chapter 8 5 FIPS is en
88. dddddddd with up to 8 digits permit ted to the right of the decimal point Location Ser Enabled Disabled _ f enabled allows router location information to be sent to a cli vices ent using a special XML call Banner Enabled Disabled Optional text that is displayed above the information bar See Figure 5 on page 21 Allows you to specify the use characteris tics for the router as required by NERC CIP The maximum length is 128 characters and special characters such as amp lt gt are not supported Tropos Control EMS User Guide 80 Chapter 7 IP and VLAN Page The IP and VLAN Configuration page Figure 20 lists network parameters for the router Table 18 describes all parameters on the page FIGURE 20 IP and VLAN Excerpt IP and VLAN 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select devices to provision IP Configuration T a O Static v Mode LAN Backhaul IP LAN Backhaul Mask WLANO Wireless IP WLANO Wireless Mask WLAN1 Wireless IP WLAN1 Wireless Mask Default Gateway Domain Name Servers Backhaul Check w i PI ma ma n Backhaul Check IP 4 For pre 7 1 Mobile Node use Configurator to change the settings 2 Upto3dns server addresses separated by comma can be configured o SS O VLANs v Enabled iaj M
89. e Subnet DRSet size configured Tropos Control EMS User Guide 84 Chapter 7 TABLE 18 IP and VLAN Page Parameters continued Threshold Consecutive Pings Field Range Default Description DHCP Release Packets Allow Drop Indication of whether DHCP release packets are allowed to reach the DHCP server Choosing Drop reduces the number of client IP address changes The resulting RADIUS accounting data is cleaner and easier to process This field is active only if Mode is DHCP Backhaul Check Failure 3 999999 18 Number of failed ICMP ping messages that constitutes fail Threshold Consecutive ure of the backhaul link Pings Backhaul Check Restore 1 999999 3 Number of successful ICMP ping messages that causes restoration of the backhaul link Tropos Control EMS User Guide 85 Chapter 7 Wireless Page The Wireless page Figure 22 and Figure 22 lists parameters required to configure radio frequency RF communications in the Tropos wireless network Table 19 describes all parameters on the page FIGURE 21 Wireless Configuration Top Wireless 0 Gateways 1 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name LuckyLake Type node 1D 00041 IP 172 20 125 225 a Drit Name E o Mesh ID Confirm Mesh ID 1 Channel Configuration Mesh ID must be the same on
90. e Tropos Control software image lt imagefile gt bin and copy it to a temporary folder Set the permission on the image file to execute chmod x lt imagefile gt bin If you are upgrading Tropos Control stop the server service watchdog stop Run the executable file lt imagefile gt bin The installation wizard opens and asks whether you want to install a new release or upgrade from a previous release Select an option and choose OK If you choose Install Fresh 7 5 the wizard presents the following prompts a License Choose OK to accept the terms of the license agreement b Administrative password Enter the administrative password minimum eight characters for the ems user and choose Next Reenter the password and choose Next c Router password Enter the router admin password minimum eight characters and choose Next Reenter the password and choose Next For instructions on changing the Tropos Control EMS User Guide 13 Chapter 2 router admin password at a later time see Resetting the Administrative Password on page 16 d Select database Enter Y if you want to use bundled MySQL database or N if you want to use your own Oracle database e Oracle only Enter host address Enter the host IP address where the Oracle database is running f Oracle only Enter port number Enter the port number used by the Oracle database g Oracle only Enter global database name Enter the Oracle glo
91. e is included in the possible selections for that parameter in the fhp_ems_networkhealth_report_threshold properties The parameters in the files map to values and report names as follows m messageCountOptions 10000 5000 2000 1000 500 300 200 150 100 50 10 it is used by message count report BackhaulThroughputOptions 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 8 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 80 0 it is used by Gateways with downstream throughput report Gateways with upstream throughput report Tropos Control EMS User Guide 44 Chapter 4 m ThroughputOptions 0 25 0 5 0 75 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 5 0 it is used by Nodes with downstream report Nodes with upstream report m LatencyOptions 2000 500 200 100 50 30 20 15 10 5 1 it is used by Devices with backhaul latency report Nodes with latency report m LinkOptions 30 40 50 60 65 70 80 90 100 it is used by Nodes with default PSP report Nodes with default RPSP report Nodes that are flapping with PSP report Nodes that are flapping with RPSP report m NoiseOptions 150 100 90 85 80 70 60 50 it is used by Clients with noise report Routers with 2 4 GHz noise level report Routers with 5 8 GHz noise level report Routers with 24 9 GHz noise level report m ChChangeOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 it is used by Routers with 2 4 GHz channel change report Routers with 5 8 GHz channel change report Routers with 4 9 GHz channel change re
92. e to identify the email action SMTP Server IP address or host name of the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP server e SMTP Account Name User name for access to the SMTP server e Password User password for access to the SMTP server To Address Email address that will appear in the To line of the email notification From Address Email address that will appear in the To line of the email notification e Aggregate after secs Number of seconds to enter if you want to collect all matching alarms during that interval and then send them in one email notification e Message Body of the email notification e Select drop down list Preset entries that you can add to the message category severity and source Tropos Control EMS User Guide 56 Chapter 5 TABLE 13 Alarm Settings continued Item Description New Suppression Action Enter a name to identify the action SNMP Trap Forwarding Use the SNMP trap forwarding page to forward SNMPv3 traps to an external trap manager Forward SNMP traps 1 Open the Network Health tab and choose Trap Forwarding on the side menu Add Trap Destination Trap Destination IP SNMP User Name Auth Type No Auth v Auth Key SNMP Port 162 2 Configure the settings in the following table 3 Click Submit TABLE 14 Alert Filter Settings Item Description Trap Destination IP Enter the IP address of
93. ectory gt ems conf server discover_devices txt Format lt device ip gt lt snmp port gt lt read only community gt lt readwrite community gt lt management station ip gt lt trap community gt lt trap port gt lt mesh id gt lt router auth key gt Example 172 20 125 60 161 public private 192 168 128 96 public 162 12341234121 2341234 123412341212341234 Each hour the Tropos Control server automatically checks the discover_devices txt file discovering all the gateways listed in the file that have not already been discovered and that have registered the Tropos Control server In large networks with numerous gateways saving discovery parameters to a file can streamline the process of performing discovery and provides for easy rediscovery if new software is installed Tropos Control EMS User Guide 23 4 Viewing Network Health Information This chapter describes the Network Health panels in the web interface and how network health thresholds are defined Chapter contents Preparing to Access the Network Health Panels Using the Dashboard Using the Network Optimization Panels Using the Client Optimization Panels Using the Voice Optimization Panels Using the Device Ping Utility Modifying Network Health Thresholds Tropos Control EMS User Guide 24 Chapter 4 Preparing to Access the Network Health Panels If client side certificates are enabled on the routers you must configure the lt installdirecto
94. ed 58M Available disk space 107583M This command collects information from your server to send to customer support When this process is complete there will be a file in lt installdirectory gt ems support called techsupport_200708201045 tar gz Please send all files to your support staff lt installdirectory gt ems support Cleaning old files if any Done Tropos Control EMS User Guide 130 Chapter 8 Upgrading Router Software Use the following router software upgrade panels under the Administration tab to install new router software and manage the upgrade process m Add Schedule Schedule router upgrades For instructions see Schedule router software upgrades on page 131 m Status Check the status of a specific upgrade job For instructions see Check upgrade job status on page 133 m History Check the status of all upgrade jobs For instructions see View upgrade job history on page 133 m Add Image Upload router software images to the Tropos Control server For instructions see Upload a software image on page 134 Schedule router software upgrades 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Software Update The Add Schedule panel Figure 41 opens FIGURE 41 Add Schedule Panel Add Schedule Job Name Schedule Current Server Time Mar 17 2011 09 17 Upload now O Upload at LJ Select Image Select o
95. ed in the current directory The following files are created backup file Tropos_EMS_Backup_ lt date gt tar gz checksum file Tropos_EMS_Backup_ lt date gt md5 4 Move the backup and checksum files to tmp or another temporary location that is not part of the TC installation tree Restore the server 1 Copy the backup and checksum files to the bin directory in the Tropos Control installation directory and go to that directory cd lt installdirectory gt bin 2 Stop the server service watchdog stop Tropos Control EMS User Guide 15 Chapter 2 3 Execute the restore script using the name of the previously backed up tar gz and md5 files restore_ems sh lt installdirectory gt Tropos_EMS Backup _ lt date gt tar gz Tropos_EMS Backup_ lt date gt md5 Enter Y to continue Enter the password for the root account as prompted The database is restored and the server is restarted Upgrading the Server Tropos Control upgrades are supported only from Release 7 3 If you have an earlier version of Tropos Control you must upgrade to Release 7 3 before upgrading to Release 7 5 Upgrade the Tropos Control server from 7 3 Follow the procedure to install Tropos Control Install Tropos Control on page 13 Choose the Upgrade to Release 7 5 option Resetting the Administrative Password Follow these steps to reset the Tropos Control administrative password Note The administrative password m
96. ed with the node or gateway in the past 24 hours Time Period With Date Interval of association with the date mm dd followed by start and end times Tropos Control EMS User Guide 38 Chapter 4 To display detailed client statistics and events click Troubleshooting Use the time filters at the top of the page to restrict the display to a specified time period Client MAC or IP Address 00 11 6e 80 e5 84 Time Filter From Jan 25 2010 17 01 To an 26 2010 17 01 mT Submit Troubleshooting Jan 25 2010 17 01 Jan 26 2010 17 01 MAC Address 00 11 6E 80 E5 84 IP Address 172 20 126 26 Statistics Top 100 entries x Tx Rx Tx Rt Airtime Airtime N Limit Limit Frames Frames Bytes Bytes LES SNR Latency PEP Num RSSI dB ms Ucast dBm arp Interface Gateway Next Hop Client IP 01 26 2010 16 00 00 wlan0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 158 100 2 35 0 0 0 001 0 002 2 2 128 136 94 01 26 2010 15 59 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 58 3 30 100 2 36 0 0 0 001 0 002 2 2 128 136 94 01 26 2010 15 58 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 58 1 22 100 2 35 0 0 0 004 0 0076 8 8 866 1001 94 01 26 2010 15 57 00 wian0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 1 86 100 2 35 0 0 0 001 0 0039 2 2 128 136 94 01 26 2010 15 56 00 wlan0 172 20 125 128 172 20 125 128 172 20 126 26 59 4 46 0 0 34 0 0 0 0102 0 0117 18 18 4774 7657
97. ent oa zj Tropos Gateway nn ATTA BS Tropos 4310 Network Management and Administration The Tropos Control Element Management System Tropos Control enables network operators to administer an entire Tropos network consisting of numerous gateways and nodes distributed over a wide geographical area Tropos Control presents geographic views of all the routers in a network along with detailed configuration information Operators can view network health statistics monitor performance events and alarms and provision individual routers or groups of routers Support is also provided for batch updates of configurations and software Note Multiple Tropos Control servers may be used to manage a network Individual routers may also be provisioned using Tropos Control or the Tropos Configuration Utility The Tropos Configuration Utility provides a secure HTTPS interface to access and control individual routers connecting through the wired Management port on the router or association of a laptop client Tropos Control EMS User Guide 8 2 Installation This chapter provides Tropos Control installation instructions Chapter contents Pre Installation Requirements Installing Tropos Control Updating ARP Cache Settings Uninstalling the System Backing Up and Restoring the Tropos Control Server Upgrading the Server Resetting the Administrative Password
98. entire list Note Choose only the routers that you want to provision with the same new parameter settings Only the settings that you specify as part of the provisioning process must be the same all other settings can be different You can also select a golden router by highlighting the router and then clicking one of the arrows adjacent to the Golden Router field The golden router parameter values are the values that are displayed when you open the individual provisioning forms If you do not explicitly choose a golden router the first router in the list is automatically designated as golden Note The golden router is provisioned only if it is selected If it is not selected its values are displayed but it is not including in the provisioning operation Tropos Control EMS User Guide 71 Chapter 7 5 Click Apply The Provision from Form or Provision from Files panel reopens to show the number of selected routers and information about the golden router Select Devices v 7 Clear Devices Selected Devices Gateways 0 Nodes 2 Mobile Nodes 0 Golden Devices Name CS NE entrance cell Type node ID 19134 IP 172 20 125 84 You can now configure parameters on provisioning forms specify provisioning files or perform other administrative operations See Provisioning Routers Using Web Forms on page 74 Provisioning Routers From a File on page 76 or Other Provisionin
99. es per page 50 1351 to 1372 of 1372 K 4 E Status IP Address displayName Event Details Message Date Time Source Category Information oO 172 20 125 190 FredCell Evil Twin Detected Dec 08 2010 09 57 00 AM 19983 Evil Twin Detected evil_twin_00 0d 97 10 50 36_with_ssid_corne d 17220 125 190 FredCell Evil Twin Detected Dec 08 2010 09 57 00 AM 19983 Evil Twin Detected evil_twin_00 0d 97 00 50 36_with_ssid_Tropo o 172 20 125 132 NewLabGw DFS Radar Detected Dec 08 2010 09 50 02 AM 49014 DFS Radar Detected DFS_Channel 5700 a 172 20 125 132 NewLabGW Loss trap detected Dec 08 2010 09 50 02 AM 49014 LostTrap DFS_Channel 5700 Table 10 lists the columns of information presented in the Network Events table TABLE 10 Network Events List Item Description e Status Color code for the severity of the event e Red Critical e Orange Major Yellow Minor Blue Warning e Green Clear e White Informational e IP address IP address of the router that generated the event Display name The alphanumeric name assigned to the router e Event Details Message Brief summary of the event message Click the underlined link to open the Event Properties window for the event e Date Time Date and time that event occurred e Source Serial number of the router e Category Type of event e Information Full text of event message Tropos Control EMS User Guide 50 Chapter 5
100. figuration Utility for the router m Map Open a Google Maps window showing the router location Tropos Control EMS User Guide 22 Chapter 3 m Performance History View recent performance statistics for the router The following screen shows an example for a fixed gateway or node Performance Information for Gateway 172 20 125 99 Cluster Cluster Upstream Downstream Latency 5 Tx Rate Rx Rate Interfering Time s ms Packet Loss Noise TA Associatiated Routed Neighbo Routed Node aS Channel Mbp Mbp Kbps Kbps el rs a Clients Clients Clients Count is Feb 14 07 00 08 00 N A N A N A 100 0 1019 201 129 2 N A N A 10 0 2 2 11 Feb 14 06 00 07 00 N A N A N A 100 0 101 86 18 2 130 4 N A N A 10 0 z 2 11 Discovery Discovery is the formal process by which Tropos Control recognizes and establishes router connections To take advantage of Tropos Control management capabilities the Tropos gateways in the network must be discovered You can configure the system to perform discovery in the following ways m Auto discovery See Using Router Auto Discovery on page 145 m Manual discovery See Updating the Router Database on page 61 m Discover from file See Discovering Gateways from a File in the next section Discovering Gateways from a File Data on the gateways in the network is stored on the Tropos Control server in the following location and in the indicated format lt installdir
101. fined as the link was seen by node for a given hour example linkA was in the node 20 minutes it means that this link s activity is 20 60 0 33 INUSEDLINKPSP values 0 1 INUSEDRPSP values 0 1 IN MINUSEDLINKPSPO 65 MINUSEDLINKRPSPO 65 MINUSEDLINKACTIVITYO Tropos Control EMS User Guide 42 Chapter 4 used for deciding the redundant path if the linkpsp is gt MINLINKACTIVITY and gt MINLINKPSP this link will be counted as redundant path MINLINKPSPO 65 MINLINKRPSPO 65 MINLINKACTIVITYO max hops is used to test if node should be put into highest hop count if hops is above this MAXHOPS the node will be put into highest hop count MAXHOPS4 is used for lowest psp if PSP is below this MINPSP the node will be included into lowest psp value between 0 1 MINPSP 65 for lowest rpsp if rPSP is below this MINRPSP the node will be included into lowest rpsp MINRPSP 65 for high noise if noise is above this MAXNOISE the node will be included into the highest noise MAXNOISE 80 for reachability if the reachability is below this MINREACHABILITY the node will be included in the reachability category MINREACHABILITY 97 if client has snr below this LOWESTSNR the client will be included into the lowest SNR client LOWESTSNR15 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 43 Chapter 4
102. firm Mesh ID 16 character code that must be the same for all routers in your network To support multi subnet roaming the Mesh ID must be the same for all networks in the roam ing domain so when you first access the Configuration Utility you are prompted to change the value Channel Configuration Auto Channel entry for each wire less interface Enabled Disabled Indication of whether auto channel functionality is enabled or disabled Channel List entry for each wire less interface 2 4 GHz 1 6 11 5 8 GHz 149 153 157 161 165 5 4 GHz 100 104 108 112 116 Available channels for auto channel Active only if Auto Channel is enabled Channel entry for each wire less interface 2 4 GHz 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 auto 5 8 GHz 149 153 157 161 and 165 5 4 GHz 100 104 108 112 116 4 9 GHz 9220 9620 Operating channel Active only if Auto Channel is dis abled The default channel for the 5 4 GHz band is determined automatically based on the calibration country code Maintenance Window Date and time at which the gateway begins a channel scan Active only if channel is auto Maintenance Interval 0 30 0 Frequency days at which the gateway performs the channel scan Active only if channel is auto Rate and Power Configuration Mesh Control Transmit Rate entry for each wireless interface Auto Fixed
103. form is sent to Tropos Control EMS which reports on the activity The default value of 0 disables the feature The following will trigger the DoS feature and send an SNMP inform to Tropos Control EMS e The number of management frames set in the DOS threshold is exceeded A broadcast deauthentication packet is detected e A spoofing MAC address of a router is detected Note The appropriate DoS threshold depends upon network conditions If the threshold is too high you might miss notification of a DoS attack if the threshold is too low unnecessary SNMP informs might be generated For example in a busy network with crowded channels a threshold in the range of 500 or more may be appropriate Mobile Node Forced Standalone mobile node only Enabled Disabled When enabled the mobile node is forced to stay in stan dalone mode when the path quality falls out of the range indicated in the watermark settings For example if the watermark levels are 40 and 60 and path quality of the mobile node falls to 30 then the mobile node is forced to stay in standalone mode until path quality reaches 60 level Low Path Quality Watermark mobile node only Path quality level 1 80 that forces the mobile node to standalone mode High Path Quality Watermark mobile node only Path quality level 1 100 that if reached causes the mobile node to leave standalone mode Tropos Control EMS User
104. ften represent a user selection However important names or menus are occasionally bolded for emphasis Graphical user interface variables are presented in italic font example host domain com Text entered in a command line is presented in bold courier font Command output and system file names are presented in courier font Command line variables and keyboard buttons are enclosed in brackets examples lt Alt gt lt filename gt Keys to be pressed simultaneously are separated by the addition sign example lt Ctrl gt y Tropos Control EMS User Guide ix 1 Overview This chapter provides an overview of the Tropos Networks wireless network architecture and introduces the features of the Tropos Control Element Management System Chapter contents m Product Overview m Product Features m Mid Tier Mesh Architecture m Network Management and Administration Tropos Control EMS User Guide Chapter 1 Product Overview Tropos routers make possible wireless computer networking by providing the infrastructure for wireless hot spots and metropolitan scale wireless meshes Table 1 lists the routers and associated characteristics TABLE 1 Router Models Router Model Characteristics 9532 Outdoor use FCC public safety applications 802 11a b g 2 4 GHz and 4 9 GHz AC power 9432 94228 Mobile router for use in vehicles FCC public safety applications 802 11a b g 2 4 GHz and 4 9 GHz DC
105. g Operations on page 123 Note To clear the list of selected routers click Clear Routers Schedule the provisioning job 1 Open the Provisioning tab and choose the panel for the type of provisioning that you plan to implement Enter a name for the provisioning job or keep the default name assigned by the system The default name incorporates the date and time Provision Job Name provision2010_01_22_13_34_30 Specify the number of retries before the provisioning action is deemed to have failed and the time interval between retries Provisioning actions may fail if the router cannot be reached or is not in a state to accept the configuration changes Tropos Control EMS User Guide 72 Chapter 7 4 Choose Provision Now to begin the provisioning activity immediately or choose Provision At click L to open the calendar and select a date and time November 2007 x e ts Today gt Py Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 29 30 3 1 2 3 5 6 7 9 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 SS E ee E 25 26 27 286 29 30 Time 09 40 Select date At the specified time the new parameter values are sent to the designated routers You can now view the provisioning job list and commit the new values Commit the provisioning job 1 Open the Provisioning tab 2 Choose Provision Job List from the side menu to open the Provision Job list Provision Job List View Provision Detail View Provi
106. ge 72 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 75 Chapter 7 Provisioning Routers From a File This section describes how to provision routers using the Provision from Files panel in the web interface Figure 18 FIGURE 18 Provisioning from Files Panel Tropos zaoa Con rol Network Health Configuration View Provisioning Administration Find Go Provision Provision from Files Provision from Form 11 Provision from Files Provision Job Name provision2010_12_08_08_54 11 To use a configuration CSV file to perform a Administer Routers Retry provisioning job agl g Retry failed routers Use excel to create a CSV Provision Audit z ne file that contains as Provision Job List Rety _3 times with interval 30 second s configuration information KA for the routers to be Provision Result Schedule Server Time Dec 08 2010 10 16 43 provisioned a YA Load the CSV file aa ae Oot ProvisionNow Provision at zs Submit tie job Router Identity IP and VLAN me ere Choose provisioning file type below Wireless Using Router Static IP file v Client Access I DHCP Server Selectfile from local file system v Time You can provision the following types of information from a file Router identity Identify the router for the managed network applying basic identity and location information The file must begin with the following line and conform to this format
107. gement function the primary server maintains a current database of devices When a secondary server is configured the primary server automatically copies the database to the secondary server If the primary server fails for any reason the secondary server is able to immediately take over the management functions and discover any routers that it has not already discovered During failover the secondary server can provide most management functions An exception is that the secondary server cannot execute network performance measurements Implementation is limited in that network performance data can run only on a single server During normal operations performance measurements are disabled on the secondary server Following failover they are enabled on the secondary server Set Up the Primary and Secondary Servers Follow this process to download install and configure the primary and secondary servers 1 Install Tropos Control on the primary and secondary servers as described in Chapter 2 Installation Make sure that you install the same version of Tropos Control on both servers Also if you are using an Oracle database make sure to stop the primary server by Tropos Control EMS User Guide 152 Chapter A running the command service watchdog stop before installing the secondary server After the secondary server is installed power off the secondary server to keep it in standby mode 2 If you are using MySQL start bo
108. gh bandwidth reservations and priority based forwarding Remote Authentication Dial In User Service RADIUS Client server protocol that allows organizations to store client account infor mation in a centrally located database and call up the information as needed to verify client identity Request to send RTS Signal sent from a transmitting device to a receiving device that requests approval to send packets To approve the receiving device responds with a clear to send CTS message Reverse Packet Success Probability PSP The probability that a transmitted backhaul packet will be received success fully Roaming The ability to move from one wireless coverage area to another without loss of service Client initiated roaming occurs when the client detects loss of association and associates with another router Tropos supports client initi ated roaming throughout the wireless routing domain Router Tropos Tropos Networks devices that provide the communications infrastructure for wireless mesh networks Secure SHell SSH Secure method of accessing a remote computer Service Set Identifier SSID Alphanumeric identifier for a network used interchangeably with ESSID Secure Sockets Layer SSL A common protocol for message transmission security on the Internet Exist ing as a program layer between Internet s Hypertext Transfer Protocol HTTP and Transport Control Protocol TCP layers SSL is a standard fea tu
109. h row in the client optimization panel describes the statistic the current value ratio and percentage and a description of the status as in the following example Client Performance May 16 13 00 May 17 13 00 Optimization Value Status Clients with SNR less than 19 Y dB for 3 or more hours 1 78 1 Good Clients with signal less than 75 N 75 B5 dBm for 3 or more hours 2 78 3 Good Clients with noise over 35 dBm for 3 or more hours 0 f t Value Status tink riesia DE a Change status key or thresholds 1 Choose values from any of the pull down lists on the optimization panel If you want to use the thresholds as the new defaults select Save above thresholds as default thresholds 2 Click Submit View client optimization details m Click the underlined link for the parameter to open the associated details panel Each panel includes pull down lists for setting thresholds and a table containing statistics for each hour in the selected time period For the 24 hour details green numbers indicate that the data is within threshold for that hour red indicates that the data violates the threshold and black indicates that no data is available Threshold settings Clients with signal less than 75 dBmfor 3 or more hours 2 Jan 27 08 00 Jan 28 08 00 Past hour to past 24 hours measured from Check history for Last 24 hours current focal time a eo 350 79 33 891011121314 15 1617 1819202122230 12
110. he database Router Identity Identity and location information Device and IP Interface and network address information Wireless Information on wireless signal characteristics DHCP Server Status of the on board DHCP server Time Time configuration and Network Time Protocol NTP server information Packet Filtering Predefined Rules Rules currently defined listed by router and protocol type Customized Rules Special filtering rules Deny Rules Rules to deny access VLAN VLAN configuration information VLAN Information Provides status information and lists the type of VLAN Rate Limiting Information status caps and triggers for rate limiting QoS Information on Quality of service QoS settings QoS ESSID Parameters Information on QoS settings defined for specific ESSIDs Static IP Client Information on clients that are configured with static IP addresses P2P Blocking Information on blocking of communications between clients in specified subnets Backhaul Routing Information on neighboring Border Gateway Protocol BGP routers that are one Layer 3 hop away Multi ESSID Information on secondary ESSIDs and multiple BSSIDs Router Access Control Information on access restrictions for packet filtering Multi Subnet Source and destination information for multi subnet roaming Gateway List Gateway information for multi subnet roaming Additional Subnets Subnets available for roaming Voice Inf
111. ing Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Backhaul Routing Type Disabled Specifies whether gateway to gateway tunnels are Enabled automatically set up for multi subnet roaming Neighbor Name Specifies the name of an Internet or IP router that will serve as a BGP neighbor Neighbor IP Specifies the IP address of the neighbor Local AS Number Identifies the assigned local autonomous system AS number for the BGP neighbor Remote AS Number Identifies the assigned remote autonomous system AS number for the BGP neighbor Tropos Control EMS User Guide 111 Chapter 7 TABLE 30 Backhaul Routing Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description Remote AS Number Identifies the assigned remote autonomous system AS number for the BGP neighbor Service VLAN ID Specifies the VLAN that is served by the BGP neighbor If VLANs are disabled leave the Service VLAN ID field blank or enter 0 Rate Limiting Rate Limiting page Figure 33 contains settings to limit the bandwidth available to individual clients Rate limiting provides the joint benefits of limiting the impact of denial of service DoS attacks and users who consume too much bandwidth Users can exceed bandwidth in brief bursts but if they send more than the permitted amount of data trigger in a specified period of time they are temporarily subjected to rate li
112. ings page Tropos Control EMS User Guide 55 Chapter 5 TABLE 13 Alarm Settings Item Description Name Enter a unique name to identify the action Source Click the link to select the devices to include in the action Select the devices that you want to include in the Available Rout ers list and click the right facing arrow to move them to the Selected Routers area You can use the links near the bottom of the screen to select or sort the groups of devices in the list or use the double arrows to move the entire list Severity Select an alarm severity or select All to include alarms of all severities Category Select one of the following alarm categories or select Any Cate gory to include alarms in all categories e Router Reachability There has been a change in the ability to reach the device e Gateway Becomes Node Gateway has lost its wired connec tion and switched to node operation e Switched to Battery Router has lost power and switched to battery operation e Configurator Login User has logged into the router s Configu ration Utility Note The alarm categories take precedence over the severity settings For example all router reachability alarms are of critical severity If you choose Router Reachability as the category with a non critical severity the alarm action is still treated as critical New Email Action Specify the following settings e Notification Name Nam
113. interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits of a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in an office environment This equipment generates uses and radiates radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions the device may cause harmful interference However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur If this equipment does cause interference to radio or television reception which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on the user is encouraged to correct the interference by using one of the following measures Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna m Increase separation between the equipment and receiver m Connect the equipment to an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected Consult the dealer or an experienced radio TV technician Tropos Control EMS User Guide i This Part 15 radio device operates on a non interference basis with other devices operating at this frequency Any changes or modification to said product not expressly approved by Tropos Networks could void the user s authority to operate this device Tropos Control EMS User Guide il Contents 4 PIGIACG cinneas phiaienpiaie
114. ion using the Network Configuration panels in the web interface Chapter 7 Provisioning describes how to use the web interface to provision Tropos routers for operation in the wireless network Chapter 8 Performing Administrative Tasks describes how to manage router inventory upgrade router software and generate diagnostic information using the web interface Glossary contains definitions of terms relating to Tropos wireless networking Tropos Control EMS User Guide vii Chapter 1 Tropos Technical Support If you need technical assistance you can contact the Tropos Technical Assistance Center by telephone web or email Whom to contact How to contact Technical Support Toll free Number 1 877 987 6767 Website www Tropos com Email Support Tropos com Supporting Documentation Refer to the Tropos Control online help system for further assistance For more information about managing and configuring a Tropos wireless network refer to the following documents which are available on the installation CD or by download Release Notes Current product release information Tropos Mesh Router Quick Start Card Instructions on installing Tropos routers Tropos Mesh Router User Guide Information on configuring and maintaining Tropos routers by way of the Tropos Configuration Utility Tropos Networks Mesh Router Installation Guide Model 7320 Explains how to install the Tropos 7320 router hardw
115. ired Clients Subnet for wired clients specified by IP address and sub IP Mask net mask x x x x n format This field is active only if Wired Clients is enabled and Wired Clients Interface Mode is Static VLAN Mode Access Trunk Type of VLAN support for wired clients Trunk mode Permits separate VLAN assignment for each wired interface Access mode Permits assignment of one VLAN for all wired interfaces Access VLAN For access mode only select the VLAN for all wired clients Wired Client Interface VLAN Mapping List VLAN Name For trunk mode only Select the VLAN name VLAN Name For trunk mode only IP Mask Enter the IP address mask and click Add Repeat to assign additional VLANs Click Remove to delete an entry Device Settings PoE Off 12V 24V 48V Setting for PoE power output Off indicates that PoE power output is not available Tropos Control EMS User Guide 83 Chapter 7 TABLE 18 IP and VLAN Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description PoE Port None LAN Mgmt Port for PoE power output LAN amp Mgmt LAN Backhaul Interface Auto Characteristics of this interface Speed Duplex Auto Rate automatically negotiated with other devices 100base Tx FD 100 Mbit transmission full duplex setting 100base Tx HD 100 Mbit transmission half duplex setting 10base T FD 10 Mbit transmission full duplex setting 10base T H 10 Mbit transm
116. ision2011_03_22_14_46_02 To perform a Form based Provisioning Job Administer Routers Retry Select devices to be Retr failed routers configured by clicking Provision Audit _ 12 ae Select Devices z Provision Job List Retry 3 times with interval 30 second s Click Fill data to link to 3 sT the Provision Form Provision Result Schedule Server Time Mar 22 2011 15 50 19 Submit the provision job Provision Now isi 7 Ea 5 Fom Davica H Provision at 3 IP and VLAN eee Provision Summary Wireless Select Devices v 7 Clear Devices Client Access To finish a provision job you need to finish the following tasks Selected Devices ss DHCP Server SNMP Time Fillin the configuration data within Configuration Forms Fill data Mobile Nodes 0 Form Service Settings DHCP Clients Static IP Client 1 Packet Filtering ss P2P Blocking Golden Devices Name CS NE entrance cell ip 19134 Multi Subnet Roaming IP 172 20 125 84 Backhaul Routing Provisioning from Forms Tasks Perform these tasks in the specified order to provision routers using web forms 1 Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Configure router parameters on page 75 3 Schedule the provisioning job on page 72 4 Commit the provisioning job on page 73 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 74 Chapter 7 Configure router parameters 1 Open the Provisioning
117. ission half duplex setting Management Wired Auto Characteristics of this interface Interface Speed Duplex Auto Rate automatically negotiated with other devices 100base Tx FD 100 Mbit transmission full duplex setting 100base Tx HD 100 Mbit transmission half duplex setting 10base T FD 10 Mbit transmission full duplex setting 10base T H 10 Mbit transmission half duplex setting LAN Backhaul Interface Largest packet size Maximum Transmission Unit transmit MTU ted over this interface bytes Management Wired Largest packet size Maximum Transmission Unit transmit Interface MTU ted over this interface bytes Advanced Settings Backhaul Capacity 0 30 Maximum capacity that the gateway can support Typically 25 for one radio depends on the capacity of the link from the gateway to the gateways and 30 capacity injection layer Nodes usually prefer a gateway for two radio with higher backhaul capacity gateways Layer 2 Emulation Enabled Dis Indication of whether the network works with wireless abled devices that operate at Layer 2 of the OSI hierarchy If enabled the network appears as a wireless bridge or access point to upstream wired Layer 2 devices DRSet Priority 1 10 2 Priority or relative willingness of the gateway to be a des ignated device DR Subnet DRset Size 1 40 10 Total number of gateways included in the set of DRs for intra subnet roaming Make sure that all gateways in the subnet have the sam
118. items by clicking More repeatedly b Select a radio button to match any one of the criteria OR match or all of the criteria AND match 9 To preview the results click Preview Results The matching list is presented at the bottom of the window 10 To save the view click Add Child View The new view is listed as a sub item on the side menu Network Database Complete View Areal Child view Software Info Location Info Wireless Info Modify view 1 Click Edit View Criteria 2 Make changes as desired 3 Click Apply Edit View Criteria Delete view 1 Click Remove View 2 Click OK to confirm Configuring Gateways for Multi Subnet Roaming Multi subnet roaming refers to the ability of client stations to retain links to the wireless network when they move from one router subnet to another To support multi subnet roaming each gateway must store the IP address of all the gateways in the roaming domain During multi subnet roaming the client s traffic is routed through its home gateway the gateway to which it was originally associated If the home gateway loses its uplink while an associated client is roaming the client will lose connectivity unless a redundant gateway is operational in the same home subnet and included in the multi subnet roaming list To restore connectivity the old gateway must become available again or the client must obtain an IP address from the new gateway
119. iwuraccarneesaa loa 68 About Provisioning Operations 2000 eee eee 69 Provisioning Routers Using Web Forms 055 74 Provisioning from Forms TaskS 00000 eee eee 74 Provisioning Routers FromaFile eee eee 76 Provisioning from Files TaSkS 0 000 eee eee 77 Provisioning FOormS 4 0 cued Soe ee seh eh eee ow sate 78 Router Identity Page 526 s4eds044 reve den dee eee va aes 79 IP a nd WEAN Page in oaae aie ag Greed Moet died og aie 81 Wireless Page oi 5 0 82h bese eree demon wheats bees 86 CIEML ACCESS acute 34 ni e ia Hee Pies D a ete h aes 92 DHCP Servehin wt hte tN act Bh eed te ce Dt 3 ae 97 SNIP te teins ek etiam OS tall Sele dat ate Nt a et oe 98 TIME cary Pa eisa T eek ee eas Aa a la Rag we beats 100 DHCP Chents sx f 03 edie waiew hee dade a tb had Sem hasan Boao 102 Stati IP Client reige bude de lates See oom ee Sete ees 103 Packet Fiternng 2 2 teach esis ete teat ett a hears aa ct hes 105 P2P BIOGKiNG 523 ies oi Gr eke a eS Ve wh eee oe bead 109 Multi Subnet Roaming ssassn seete arene ke gees See sete ee 110 Backhaul Routing 2 s6scd ey eee ae ped ee eee eee Eek 111 Rate LAMMG s s lt 0 0 3 sage son oa ma aA a RT a aes 112 OOS as faked ied chee a a a a A a ee e Salen ke 115 Tropos Control EMS User Guide SoftWare retia nee T 120 SECUN rann en a OE AE nal Ae se ale E a anes 120 Other Provisioning Operations s an aana aaee 123 Provi
120. ks as described in the Tropos Mesh Router User Guide 2 Open the Tropos Configuration Utility for the router 3 Open the Passwords and Security page and enter the Router EMS Authentication Key Confirm that each router in the network has the same wireless routing domain ID If you make a change click Store Changes 4 Commit any changes 5 Repeat for all the routers to be managed by Tropos Control You can now use Tropos Control to discover and manage the routers Starting and Stopping the Server Start the server m Issue the following command on the server service watchdog start Stop the server m Issue the following command on the server service watchdog stop Tropos Control EMS User Guide 18 Chapter 3 Using the Web Interface The web interface may be reached from the Tropos Control server or from any other web enabled computer on the network Accessing and Exiting the Web Interface Follow the instructions in this section to access and exit the web interface display details about the current login session and access the online help system Access the web interface 1 Open the following URL on a web browser that has a network connection to the Tropos Control server https lt Tropos Control Server IP address gt 8443 2 Ifsecurity alerts appear about viewing pages over a secure connection click Yes to proceed 3 The login panel opens Tropos TROFOS M Control networks We
121. l down lists for setting thresholds and a table containing statistics for each hour in the selected time period For the 24 hour details green numbers indicate that the data is within threshold for that hour red indicates that the data violates the threshold and black indicates that no data is available Tropos Control EMS User Guide 39 Chapter 4 You can do the following on this panel Choose thresholds from the pull down lists Click Show Fail Records to display all records for routers that violated the threshold during the specified period Click Show All Records to display all records for the specified period Click the graph icon on the right to display a graph of the data Click an underlined Client MAC address link to open the Client Query window for the selected client see next section Using the Device Ping Utility The Device Ping Utility panel reports on ping operations for specified devices or for all discovered routers The Ping utility is off by default but it can be turned on from the web interface By default the devices included in the ping list are listed in the device_pinglist txt file which is found in the following location lt installdirectory gt ems conf tropos device_pinglist txt The default file contents are as follows number of threads to do ping number_threads 20 interval between every ping cycle in seconds ping_interval 20 number of retries retries 1 timeout for each ping re
122. lable for prioritized Available Airtime voice traffic 0 100 WMM Classification Enabled Dis Specifies whether the WMM extensions are enabled abled Heuristic classification Disabled Specifies whether heuristic priority rules are used in cases Enabled where WMM and DSCP priorities are not available DSCP values to recognize 46 Specifies the incoming DSCP values that are recognized as voice Decimal as voice traffic Use comma separated entries for multiple DSCP values Maximum per call packet 100 Limits the packet rate packets per second that can be used for an individual voice call Maximum per call bandwidth 150 Limits the bandwidth kbps that can be used for an individ kbps ual call Remarking Enabled Dis Specifies whether the DSCP field can be reassigned for abled forwarded packets DSCP value to remarkto 146 Specifies the reassigned DSCP value if remarking is Decimal enabled Fast Handoff Optimization Pre Fetch Indicates the optimization method to reduce the time Only Packet required for handoff when clients move from one router to Snoop Only another in the same ESS Pre Fetch and Pre Fetch Only Perform ARP resolution upon receipt Packet Snoop of a qualified probe request None e Packet Snoop Only Determine client IP address by inspecting the packets coming from the client Pre Fetch and Packet Snoop Perform pre fetch and packet snoop None Do not use either handoff
123. lients When connectivity is recovered service is automatically restored This process takes approximately ten seconds after connectivity is re established Because a mobile router is more likely to lose wireless connectivity than a stationary node clients associated with a mobile node may encounter more frequent service disruptions than those associated to stationary nodes To prevent unsuccessful data transmission attempts from the client when upstream connectivity is lost the downstream wired interface for the mobile is immediately switched off when connectivity is lost Figure 3 shows a typical Tropos network with mobile nodes added and Figure 4 illustrates automatic rerouting actions if connectivity to the stationary Tropos network is interrupted FIGURE 3 Typical Tropos Mobile Network BZ Tropos 4310 Wired cient d Tropos Node he Is Tropos Node mm Ca Tropos Control Server and Client Tropos Gateway 4 im T T pe Tropos Control EMS User Guide 7 Chapter 1 FIGURE 4 Rerouting in a Tropos Mobile Network If uplink to all stationary nodes is lost the mobile router attempts to associate to another mobile node ee Tropos 4310 os Wired cien Wireless clients attempt to Tropos Node associate to stationary node or gateway If this fails they can he to a mobile node Tropos Node Tropos Control Server and Cli
124. ller square or circle inside Routers that are currently unreachable are shown with an X Routers and links sharing the same channel are shown in the same color Thin lines represent 2 4 GHz connections thick lines represent 4 9 5 4 or 5 8 GHz connections If routers are clustered on the map you may need to zoom in to display the individual icons If there are no Tropos routers shown on the map the following message appears Tropos Control EMS User Guide 28 Chapter 4 We are sorry but we don t have maps at this zoom level for this region If you see this message zoom out and pan as necessary to bring your network into view You can perform the following operations View summary information about a router by clicking the router icon Click the icon once to change the zoom level and then click the router icon again to display the summary information Find a specific router by entering the IP address and clicking Search Zoom in or out or pan by using the Google Maps controls Observe updates to the map when a mobile router moves View a standard map satellite image or hybrid map and satellite image by using the Google Maps controls View a larger version of the map by clicking the Large Map link below the map area View detailed information about a router by clicking the underlined IP address in the bubble The Gateway Node information window Figure 7 opens to show additional information FIGURE 7 Gateway
125. m this panel m Export Result to File Send the information for the items with selected check boxes to a CSV file m Provision Open the Multi Subnet Roaming provisioning form to provision the routers in the list as described in Multi Subnet Roaming on page 110 Tropos Router Reference Guide 67 T Provisioning Provisioning refers to the process of configuring Tropos routers to operate in the wireless network Tropos Control supports XML based provisioning through the web interface to assure that configurations are consistent across the network This chapter explains how to provision devices Chapter contents About Provisioning Operations Provisioning Routers Using Web Forms Provisioning Routers From a File Provisioning Forms Other Provisioning Operations Auditing Provisioning Jobs Tropos Control EMS User Guide 68 Chapter 7 About Provisioning Operations The web interface supports the following types of provisioning m Provisioning from Forms Use the web interface forms to specify the configuration parameters to provision Provisioning Routers Using Web Forms on page 74 m Provisioning from Files Provision router identity or client black list white list using information stored in files Provisioning Routers From a File on page 76 Administrative Operations Perform a variety of router administration tasks Other Provisioning Operations on page 123 A Caution It is po
126. mits Tropos Control EMS User Guide 112 Chapter 7 FIGURE 33 Rate Limiting Page Rate Limiting 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision o T a o Airtime Congestion Control Enabled This enforces a selective cap on anyone who exchanges too much data for too long The caps sre per sssocistion so multiple IP addresses behind the same bridge share a cap Bits count 802 11 frame length not just IP datagrams Throughput Rate Limiting Enabled Downstream Trigger kbits Upstream Trigger kbits Trigger Time sec iat Downstream Cap kbps Upstream Cap kbps Minimum Cap Duration sec 24 Rounded up to the nearest 10 seconds miS m i m S C Throughput Rate Limiting Multipliers Only the first multiplier matched is used This multiplier is for egregious usage both trigger and selective cap Durations sre unmodified SO 4GHZ 5 8GHz 4 9GHz Multiplier C Qos Subnet Differentiated Service Classes Only the first multiplier matched is used This multiplier is for egregious usage both trigger and selective cap Durations are unmodified faca Tropos Control EMS User Guide 113 Chapter 7 TABLE 31 Rate Limiting Parameters Field Range Default Description Airtime Congestion Control Enabled Dis _ Indi
127. n TABLE 40 Router Inventory Summary Information Serial number Router serial number ered IP Address Router IP address Status Discovered or Unknown Location Location as configured on the router s Router Informa tion page Reason If discovery fails reason that the router was not discov The following inventory related functions are supported on this panel m Verify inventory m Upload an inventory file m Export the inventory list m Delete routers from inventory Verify inventory 1 Open the Administration tab and click Inventory Tracking 2 Click Inventory Check Tropos Control compares the inventory contents with the list of most recently discovered routers and presents the results in the table on the panel Tropos Control EMS User Guide 135 Chapter 8 Upload an inventory file 1 Create a text file in which each row contains the serial number of a router as in this example 19967 35435 14563 50310 Open the Administration tab and click Inventory Tracking Click Upload Inventory Serial Number File Browse to find locate the inventory file and click Open The file is uploaded and the inventory is added to the list Discovery and other monitoring and management functions are automatically activated Export the inventory list 1 Open the Administration tab and click Inventory Tracking 2 Select checkboxes for the routers you want to include in the export
128. n address pool and use NAT to translate these into publicly accessible addresses NAT can also be used to map multi ple local nodes to a single globally accessible IP address Network Mode Optimization level for 802 11 beacons and probe responses Network Time Protocol NTP Method of synchronizing clocks on network devices Node Tropos router that provides delivers wireless communications support for cli ents and provides wireless backhaul to other upstream Tropos nodes and gateways Packet Success Probability PSP The probability that a transmitted packet will be received successfully Ping Packet Internet Groper ping Method of troubleshooting network connections by determining whether a specific IP address is reachable and the amount of time required for the addressed device to respond Post Office Protocol 3 POP3 Industry standard protocol that permits users to receive email from an email server Power Over Ethernet PoE Method of supplying electrical power to a device through an Ethernet net work data cable This permits devices to be powered without a separate elec trical power connection Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol PWRP Tropos technique for managing network routing based on self organizing principles Tropos Control EMS User Guide 158 Chapter 1 Quality of Service QoS Any of a variety approaches to guaranteeing network performance for speci fied uses Tropos supports QoS throu
129. n your time zone Verify the selection in the menu below the map and then click Next Enter and confirm a root password minimum eight characters and click Next Tropos Control EMS User Guide 12 Chapter 2 The installation begins This process may take up to 20 minutes When the process is complete the system reboots automatically 12 Remove the CD Log in as root using the password that you configured in step 11 If the graphical user interface does not start automatically enter the command startx Configure CentOS to operate in single user mode 1 2 5 Log in as the root user Edit the etc passwd and etc shadow files and remove all the users except root and the pseudo users Make sure that the password fields in etc shadow for the pseudo users are either a star or double exclamation mark This prevents users from logging in as the pseudo users Edit the etc nsswitch conf system file and make files the only option for passwd shadow and group This disables Network Information Service NIS and other name services for users and groups In the etc xinetd d directory edit the files eklogin gssftp klogin krb5 telnet kshell rexec rlogin rsh rsync telnet and tftp and set the value of disable to yes Reboot the system for the changes to take effect Install Tropos Control 1 Obtain a static IP address in your network for the Tropos Control server management station Obtain th
130. ne image Select Routers version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 0 version 7 1 2 6 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 1 2 5 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 4 version 7 5 0 3 Submit Reset model 6320 DC model 5320 model 7320 model 5320 model 6320 DC model 5210 model 3210 model 5320 DC model 5320 DC model 4210 model 4310 3 device s 10 device s 1 device s 1 device s 1 device s 2 device s 8 device s 1 device s 1 device s 1 device s 1 device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected device s 0 selected dewice s 0 selected device s vi Retry 0 time s Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Select Device Tropos Control EMS User Guide 131 Chapter 8 Enter a name to identify the upgrade job 3 Choose Upload Now or click the Calendar icon and select a date and time to schedule the upload Select the number of times to retry the upgrade process if the initial attempt fails Enter the user name and password for administrative access to the router or routers targeted for upgrade 6 Select a software image from the pull down list If the software image you want to use is not in the list
131. ng Network Health Information on page 24 Provisioning See Provisioning on page 68 Configuration View See Viewing Network Configuration Information on page 58 Administration See Performing Administrative Tasks on page 129 m Panels Detailed information which varies according to tab and side menu selection Tropos Control EMS User Guide 20 Chapter 3 m Side menu Access to panels Contents are specific to each tab and expandable items are marked with an arrow Alarm summary Summary of the numbers of alarms of each level of severity Banner text Optional configurable banner text FIGURE 5 Web Interface Amo Con rol Network Health Configuration View Provisioning Administration Authorized Use Only Clients Help Logout root Tropos 14 clients 24nodes 2 unreachable 6 gateways 1 unreachable 2 gateways operating as nodes Y 8 Monitor Dashboard ean 1d 1w 1m 3m 1y Lest 24 hours v PMO 3 Network Optimization Map Satelite Client Optimization Number of Clients Last 24 hours 49 unique Voice Optimizati p OP CORTIZO 60 TroposGuest 4 GHz C3 corer onePSK 2 4 GHz E Device Ping Utility sumyvalk 4 GHz mmm ToposGuest6 8 GHz E 2 a CSWPA 1x 2 4 GHz E corner onePSK6 8 GHz E ault Management F 40 i Network Events 3 30 Alarms 3 E s z Event Count Alarm Settings ca
132. nts viewing on web 50 network health overview 20 thresholds file 30 42 network optimization actions 33 backhaul performance 32 change key or threshold 32 35 mesh performance 32 missing data 32 statistics 32 view actions 40 view details 32 35 39 node about 4 O Oracle database 10 P packet forwarding permit rules 108 permit rules 108 ping operations 40 options 41 view results 41 POP3 108 Predictive Wireless Routing Protocol Tropos Control EMS User Guide See PWRP product features 3 product overview 2 provisioning configuration view button 64 Q Qos 115 R rate limiting multiplier 114 115 Rate Limiting page 113 116 remote ASN 111 112 router checking upgrade status 133 deleting 63 fixed 3 inventory tracking 134 mobile 3 models 2 scheduling upgrades 131 software update panel 131 stationary 3 synchronizing 63 tracking inventory 134 updating database 62 upgrade 131 Router Identity page 79 router EMS authentication key 121 150 routing 5 RTS 90 S server exiting 18 show map button 64 SMTP 108 SNMP 108 parameters 100 software uploading image 134 SSH 108 standalone mode 7 Static IP Client page 104 static IP clients auto detect 104 sub interface wired priority 117 subnet route 110 synchronizing router databases 63 system requirements Tropos Control server 10 T tables in web interface 22 tech support panel 130 telnet 108 threshold network optimization 32
133. o allow you to modify or remove settings For example Provision Summary Interface 1 Change Remove Module Name ate Primary ESSID 11234567 ESSID Suppression Disabled After you modify the settings click Provision to restart the provisioning process Note This option is useful if an existing job failed and you want to make changes before resubmitting it or if you want to apply the same settings to provision other routers Cancel a scheduled job Select checkboxes for the jobs you want to cancel and click Stop Click OK to confirm Commit a job Select a checkbox for the job that you want to commit and click Commit Click Provision on the panel that opens Control which jobs are listed Use either or both of the following controls e Choose from the pull down list at the top of the panel to select the number of jobs to display on each page Enter the job name and click Filter Use the Provisioning Result panel 1 Choose Provisioning gt Provision Result to open the list Figure 40 FIGURE 40 Provision Results Provision Result commit Show All Page Lenathllentries per page 50 1 to 50 of 826 DDI Job Name Device Executed Time Finished Time Retries Status Reason User Name provision2010 08 27 18 10 46 172 20 125 73 C provision2010 08 27 18 10 46 172 20 125 236 provision2010 08 27 18 10 46 172 20 125 99 C provision2010 08 27 18 1
134. o show the file name in the Export area Export Backup Backup file name opt TroposControl ems routerBackup sche Browse 7 Click Download to save the file in a location of your choice Tropos Control EMS User Guide 139 Chapter 8 View the Backup Events list 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Backup The Backup Events list is displayed at the bottom of the panel Backup Events A S FF EEIE Page Lengthllentries perpage 25 1 to25of254 D DI ID Start Time End Time Status 254 Jan 22 2010 00 02 11 Jan 22 2010 00 04 13 Success 29 Failure 4 253 Jan 21 2010 00 02 11 Jan 21 2010 00 04 17 Success 29 Failure 4 252 Jan 20 2010 00 02 11 Jan 20 2010 00 04 13 Success 29 Failure 4 251 Jan 19 2010 00 02 10 Jan 19 2010 00 02 19 Success 29 Failure 4 2 Click an underlined link in the Status column to display details about the job Backup Task Job 253 Start Time Jan 21 2010 00 02 11 End Time Jan 21 2010 00 04 17 Summary Success 29 Failure 4 Details Page Lenathjlentries per page 25 1to25o0f33 gt D Device Start Time End Time Status Detail File Name Unknown Error iemsirouterBackup 172 20 125 238 Jan 21 2010 00 03 15 Jan 21 2010 00 04 15 Failed java net SocketTimeoutException connect timed out scheduled_backup 2010_01_21_000210 19965 cfg optTroposControl ae ee ems routerBackup 172 20 125 128 Jan 21 2010 00 02 19 Jan 212010 00 02 21 Success Downloaded Ischeduled_backup 2010_01_21_000210
135. o the directory containing the file select the file and then click Submit 3 Click Restore Tropos Control EMS User Guide 141 Chapter 8 Restore router configuration to a different router 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Restore The Router Restore panel opens Router Restore Restore Router Select Backup File Browse Restore file to selected router Backup file name Select router to restore 321035050 10 11 11 184 Restore Events Refresh Events List Start mi Time End Time Status 2 Click Browse in the Restore filer to selected router area Navigate to the directory containing the file select the file and then click Submit 3 Select the router to receive the restored file from the pull down list Note The router selected for restoration should be the same type of router gateway node mobile node that was used to generate the backup file 4 Click Restore View the Restore Events list 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Restore The Restore Events list is displayed at the bottom of the panel Restore Events i v TA Page Lengthilentries per page 25 1to10f1 ID Start Time End Time Status 2 Dec 06 2008 14 44 58 Dec 06 2008 14 45 02 Success Tropos Control EMS User Guide 142 Chapter 8 2 Click an underlined link in the Status column to display details about the job Backup Task Job 2 Start Time Dec
136. omer Support in troubleshooting Tropos Control problems Chapter contents Generating Diagnostic Information Upgrading Router Software Tracking Router Inventory Backing Up Router Configurations Restoring Router Configurations Supporting RADIUS Authentication Managing Administrative Users Using Router Auto Discovery Viewing the User Audit Log Configuring Banner Text Tropos Control EMS User Guide 129 Chapter 8 Generating Diagnostic Information If the Tropos Control server has operational problems you can use the Tech Support tab to generate a diagnostic file that you can send to Tropos Customer Support for analysis Generate diagnostic files 1 Open the Administration tab and click Tech Support 2 Click Collect Techdump The file is generated and listed in the panel Collect Techdump a Filename Created At Size o techsupport 201001231746 tar az Sat Jan 23 17 47 48 PST 2010 14 1M 3 Click the underlined file name Browse to select a location and click Save 4 When requested email the file to support tropos com If the web interface is not available you can generate the techdump file from the command line Go to the support directory in the Tropos Control installation directory and execute the techdump sh script The script automatically generates the diagnostic tar file which you can then send to Tropos Customer Support cd lt installdirectory gt ems support techdump sh Average disk space requir
137. on Perform these tasks in the specified order to complete the operations listed in Table 36 1 Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Schedule the provisioning job on page 72 3 Set up and commit the provisioning job on page 75 Set up and commit the provisioning job 1 Open the Administer Routers panel under the Provisioning tab and select the routers to provision Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Choose the command from the pull down list Ras CONAR D DA SRI CAPS DAE l Commit the stored data in routers N Committhe stored data in routers Rollback the stored data in routers Rebootthe devices Restart the devices Install uploaded software image on devices Change admin password on the devices requires commit Save as known good profile Restore the configuration to the last saved known good profile requires commit Save the minimum profile Restore the configuration to the last saved minimum profile requires commit Restore the configuration to factory defaults Upload admin public key Upload Profile Enable Disable Client Statistics 3 For some commands additional settings are presented in the lower right area of the panel as in this example of the rebooting command Choose command to be sent to routers below Reboot the routers v Select Routers jve 7 Clear Routers Reboot the routers with selected images Selected Routers Select the router images to reboot for the selected routers
138. on is provided Each protected packet is preceded by an RTS Request To Send frame Default 2346 is recommended except in congested environments in which a setting between 500 and 1500 may improve reliability Due to overhead and possible loss in throughput settings below 500 are not recommended Maximum Link Dis 15 20 4 2 Maximum distance permitted for a single wireless link tance km Increase this value to avoid excessive timeouts in entry for each wire areas where links between routers are long less interface Transmit Diversity 2 4 auto main aux Antenna selection for transmission e Auto automatically pick the Tx transmit antenna automatic transmit diversity e Main use the main antenna only for transmit e Aux use the auxiliary antenna only for transmit Note The router receives wireless signals on both antennas Evil Twin Detection Enabled Disabled Indication of whether unauthorized devices that adver tise an ESSID used by the Tropos mesh are detected If an evil twin is detected an SNMP inform is sent to Tro pos Control EMS which reports the event Tropos Control EMS User Guide 90 Chapter 7 TABLE 19 Wireless Page Parameters Field Range Default Description DoS Detect Threshold 0 10 000 Number of management frames that are acceptable to be sent within 5 seconds If this number is exceeded a DoS attack is assumed and an SNMP in
139. or Gateways with missing backhaul throughput data for 3 w or more hours 2 6 33 Bad Nodes with missing mesh throughput data for 3 ormore hours 6 22 27 Bad Backhaul Performance Dec 07 09 00 Dec 08 09 00 Gateways with downstream throughput less than Mbps for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Excellent Gateways with upstream throughput less than Mbps for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Excellent Gateways with backhaul utilization exceeding MB hour for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Excellent Devices with backhaul latency greater than ms for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Excellent Devices with backhaul packet loss greater than 5 for 3 or more hours 4 6 67 Bad Mesh Performance Dec 07 09 00 Dec 08 09 00 Nodes with downstream throughput less than Mbps for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes with upstream throughput less than 10 m Mbps for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes with packet loss rate greater than for 3 or more hours 1 22 5 Good Nodes with latency greater than 2 ms for 3 or more hours 1 22 5 Good Nodes with traffic exceeding MB hour for 3 or more hours 2 22 9 Marginal Routers with or more 2 4 GHz channel changes per hour for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Excellent Routers with or more 5 8 GHz channel changes per hour for 3 or more hours 1 28 4 Good Routers with 2 4 GHz noise level greater than 25 vy dBm for 3 or more hours 1 28 4 Good Routers with 5 8 GHz noise level g
140. or backhaul Status Up responding to ping commands or down not responding Tropos Control EMS User Guide 41 Chapter 4 TABLE 9 Device Ping Utility Table continued Column Description Success Rate Percentage of successful ping responses Last Ping Time Time last ping request was sent Backhaul IP IP address of device used to check backhaul connectivity Failed Ping Count Number of failed ping attempts Total Ping Count Total number of ping attempts Modifying Network Health Thresholds and Report Options The default Network Health thresholds and report selection options are appropriate for most deployments however you can modify them if necessary by editing the appropriate configuration files Modifying Network Health Thresholds Thresholds are applied to a variety of performance metrics to determine whether problems exist in the network If the problem thresholds are not met the cell is listed as problem free The thresholds are set in the file threshold txt which is in the following location lt installdirectory gt ems networkhealth If you choose to edit the file be sure to maintain a backup copy with the default values Default file contents used for worst used link if linkpsp is below MINUSEDLINKPSP or MINUSEDLINKRPSP and the link activity is above the MINUSEDLINKACTIVITY this link will be included into the Lowest used link link activity de
141. ork or Wireless Local Area Network WLAN Local area network based on 802 11 wireless communications Wi Fi Multimedia WMM IEEE 802 11e standard used voice QoS in 802 11 networks Also known as Wireless Multimedia Extensions WME Tropos Control EMS User Guide 161 Index Numerics 802 115 802 1p 117 A additional client transmit power attenu ation 89 administration tab inventory tracking 134 router software update 131 tech support 130 administration tag diagnostic information 130 alarms actions 51 color codes 51 configuration view button 64 filters 53 settings 53 viewing on web 51 ARP cache 14 AS number local 111 remote 111 112 auto detect static IP clients 104 automatic discovery 23 backhaul mobile routers 7 standalone mode 7 backhaul routing 111 service VLAN ID 112 BGP and backhaul routing 111 Cc Cisco 108 Client Access page 92 client optimization statistics 34 client reports Tropos Control EMS User Guide detailed data 38 reported information 36 visited nodes and gateways 37 cluster 4 configuration information viewing on web 59 Configuration Utility 3 18 68 77 configuration view actions 60 exporting list 60 panels 59 printing 60 searching 60 selecting alarms and events 61 contact person 79 CPE and static IP clients 104 MAC address 104 105 custom views 64 D dashboard information 25 database Oracle 10 updating router 62 detailed data for client reports 38
142. ormation on voice parameters Security Information on security settings SNMP users List of current SNMP users SNMP List of configured SNMP trap destinations Tropos Router Reference Guide 59 Chapter 6 Configuration View Actions You can perform all of the following actions from the Configuration View panels View configuration information Search in a configuration view panel Print the configuration view list Export the configuration view list View alarms or events for selected routers Customize the configuration view columns Add a device Delete routers Synchronize routers Customize the configuration view columns View configuration information 1 Open the web interface and choose Configuration View 2 Choose the desired panel from the side menu Search in a configuration view panel 1 Click Search to open the Search window 2 Choose an item to match from the pull down list 3 Choose the matching criterion from the pull down list 4 Enter the text to match To match additional items a Click More and choose additional criteria You can continue to request more items by clicking More repeatedly b Select a radio button to match any one of the criteria OR match or all of the criteria AND match 5 Click Search The window opens to display the matching items Print the configuration view list 1 Click Print to open a window containing a print formatted version of the list 2 Click Print
143. other path from the client through the mesh of nodes back the gateway and the wired network Figure 2 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 5 Chapter 1 FIGURE 2 Rerouting in a Typical Tropos Wireless Network l B Wireless Client f Wireless Client N f Tropos Node fai TN Tropos oN u ii 7 y J 1e Tropos Gateway 5a Tropos Control Server and Client Due to dynamic re clustering individual paths need not be engineered on a link by link basis The PWRP automatically sets up and maintains routes by dynamically identifying the path that achieves the highest throughput between the wireless client and the wired backhaul connection Throughput maximization improves overall network performance and lack of a system wide point of failure increases reliability Tropos wireless networks permit easy addition of new routers to support growth in the number of client subscribers New nodes may be added to extend coverage at any location that has available power As the number of subscribers continues to grow gateways may also be added to further increase coverage performance and reliability Mobile Router Networks Tropos mobile routers extend the wireless network to mobile node operation Installing mobile routers in fire police or other public service vehicles allows for immediate high bandwidth access to network ser
144. otocol _ Direction Description 1521 default TCP Both connection port only for Oracle database Consult your Oracle database administrator to verify the right port before installing Tropos Control Installing Tropos Control Complete the installation procedures in the following order 1 2 3 Install CentOS Configure CentOS to operate in single user mode Install Tropos Control Install CentOS Note The partitioning portion of the CentOS installation process formats all partitions Before starting the installation verify that you have backed up any data that you want to keep 1 10 11 Download and install the pre configured version of CentOS from support tropos com Boot the server from the CentOS CD Type install and press Enter If you need to abort the installation just remove the CD and reboot the machine Click Next Click Yes when prompted to remove all partitions On the page that appears click Edit in the Network Devices area Select the check box to enable IPv4 support choose Manual Configuration and enter the IP address and netmask for the Tropos Control server Clear the Enable IPv6 Support check box and then click OK In the Hostname area of the page choose manually and enter a host name in the form host domain com Enter IP addresses for the network gateway and primary and secondary DNS servers Click Next Click a dot on the map to choose the nearest city i
145. oughput Last 24 hours Client Network Traffic MB hr N upstream a n aS al oroso Mesh Throughput Mbps a N 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 8 00 Backhaul Throughput Last 24 hours 8 upstream ut Mbps o8 6 8 gt Backhaul Throughpi 2 8 8 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 8 00 POWERED BY Mesh Performance Dec 08 8 00 9 00 Mean 12 85 Mbps 65 42 20 O node s below 1 0 Mbps a 3 Number of Nodes ao as Mean 12 31 Mbps N v 10 Mbps a 0 gateway s below 3 0 Mbps f Mean 4272 Mbps Number of Gateways e UNa On NOU A t Mean 46 55 Mbps 0 gateway s below 3 0 Mbps 100 Mbps Tropos Control EMS User Guide 26 Chapter 4 You can display information for the past day 1d week 1w month 1m three months 3m or year lyr by clicking the appropriate link near the top of the page see circled area in Figure 6 If you choose the days option you can view historical information for a specific time period within the past week by selecting the time period last 24 hours 6 days ago from the drop down list Graphs display the following information Number of Clients Total number of distinct clients color coded and labeled by SSID m Client Network Traffic Total upstream blue and downstream green traffic for all clients MB Mesh Throughput Average Upstre
146. outer Time e 4 Upto 3 time ntp server addresses separated by comma can be configured 2 Forpre 7 5 release routers it can be separated string of 3 ip addresses Otherwise it can be separated string of 3 ip addresses or host names Submit Reset TABLE 23 Time Page Parameters and Tasks Field Default Description NTP Server Indicates the IP address or domain name of an NTP server If NTP is used at least one server must be specified specify up to three servers by entering comma separated IP addresses or host names Time Zone UTC Presents a list of time zones Note Universal Time UTC is the same as Greenwich Mean Time Set Router Time Permits manual setting of the date and time using the pull down lists Manual time changes take effect immediately Click C to open a calendar and select a date and time Tropos Control EMS User Guide 101 Chapter 7 DHCP Clients The DHCP MAC Filter Reservation page Figure 27 contains parameters to configure the internal DHCP server of the Tropos gateway in order to limit assignment of IP addresses to wireless clients Table 24 lists the settings on the page which can be opened by clicking DHCP Clients on the side menu FIGURE 27 DHCP Clients DHCP Clients 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision C DHCP ACL MAC 1m C DHCP Reservation
147. outers to be backed up 4 routers are selected Clear Selection Pent egg 5 Enter a prefix to identify the backup job Date and time information is automatically appended to the prefix 6 Click Backup Now The selected router configurations are backed up and the Backup Events list at the bottom of the panel is updated with status information Tropos Control EMS User Guide 138 Chapter 8 Export a backed up configuration profile 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Backup 2 Inthe Export Backup area click Browse to select the file to export 3 Click an underlined link to open the Manual or Scheduled backups directory optTroposControl ems routerBackup Name Size type pate OO scheduled backup DIR Jan 23 2010 12 02 19 AM 4 Click the link for the job that you want to export ob TroposControliemsirouterBackup scheduled_backup name Size Type pate O O O O E 2010 01 09 000210 DIR Jan9 2010 12 02 10 AM 2010 01 10 000210 DIR Jan 10 2010 12 02 10 AM 2010 01 11 000210 DIR Jan 11 2010 12 02 10 AM 2010 01 12 000210 DIR Jan 12 2010 12 02 10 AM 5 Select the item to export and click Submit optTroposControl ems routerBackup scheduled_backup 2010_01_10_000210 00034 cfg A LJ 00027 cfg 7 69KB cfg Jan 10 2010 12 02 10 AM 00034 cfg 8 36KB cfg Jan 10 2010 12 02 10 AM 00041 cfg 8 37 KB cfg Jan 10 2010 12 02 10 AM 6 The main panel reopens t
148. patibility options Table 34 lists the parameters on the page Tropos Control EMS User Guide 120 Chapter 7 FIGURE 37 Security Page Securi 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision CO a Router EMS Authentication key 7 3 Confirm Router EMS Saher O_o r3 E Infrared Port Status Enabled E Infrared Access Code K Confirm Infrared Access Code Configurator Access BU E is Configurator Access Control Enabled x Allowed IP Subnets for Configurator Access In a multi subnet network with VLANs each management VLAN prefix must be on the list of allowed IP subnets FIPS Cs FIPS Mode Enabled sts 731 4 FIPS Mode should not be provisioned on 3210 and 5210 routers submit Reset C the field can only be provisioned to the routers with the specified version and above or specified pre release versions TABLE 35 Software Parameters Range Field Default Description Router EMS Authentication 16 ASCII char Specifies the key that is used to authenticate communica Key acters tions between devices and Tropos Control Enter and con Confirm Router EMS firm the key Authentication Key Infrared Port Status Enabled Dis Enables or disabled access to the router by way of an infra abled red remote device Tropos Control EMS User Guide 121 Chapter 7 TABLE 35 Software Parameters continued
149. port m AirtimeOptions 40 50 60 70 80 90 it is used by Routers with 2 4 GHz airtime report Routers with 5 8 GHz airtime report Routers with 4 9 GHz airtime report m MissingDataOptions 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24 it is used by the Routers with missing data report Gateways with missing backhaul report Nodes with missing mesh throughput report voiceMissingDataOptions 1 not currently used MissingDataOptions WithZero 0 1 2 3 4 6 8 12 24 not currently used m nodeNumberOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 15 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 it is used by Routers with 2 4 GHz associated client report Routers with 5 8 GHz associated client report Routers with 4 9 GHz associated client report Routers with 2 4 GHz routed client report Routers with 5 8 GHz routed client report Routers with 4 9 GHz routed client report Gateways with nodes report Tropos Control EMS User Guide 45 Chapter 4 m gatewayNumberOptions 1 2 3 4 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 it is used by Routers with neighbors report Gateway with interfering gateways in 2 4 GHz channel report clientNumberOptions 1 5 10 30 50 70 80 90 100 120 150 200 not currently used clusterclientNumberOptions 1 10 20 30 50 80 100 120 150 200 300 500 it is used by Clusters with clients report m trafficOptions 50 80 100 120 150 200 300 500 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 10000 it is used by Gateways with backhaul utilization report Nodes with t
150. pos Sphere Network Operating System The Tropos Control Element Management System Tropos Control described in this guide enables network wide control management and router configuration The Tropos Configuration Utility described in the Tropos Networks Configuration Guide provides an interface for direct configuration of individual routers Note The Tropos routers and the Tropos Control EMS server in your network must run compatible versions of software For compatibility information refer to the Tropos Control EMS Release Notes for your release Product Features Tropos Control includes the following features Network control from a single management station with convenient web interface as well as legacy client interface Quick uniform bulk provisioning of router configuration and security settings Automatic discovery and graphical placement of routers Google map views of router location status and channels Reporting of global positioning system GPS location data in network maps for mobile nodes m Network health check with point and click graphs Tropos Control EMS User Guide 3 Chapter 1 Overview of network performance and optimization priorities Multiple views of network capacity and wireless link quality Central configuration and software updates Point and click access to configuration and security information Support for Federal Information Processing Standards version 140 2 FIPS 140 2 Link s
151. provisioned only to one router at a time Fields marked with a version 71 apply only to routers with the indicated software release m Fields that do not apply to the selected routers are grayed out such as gateway only fields if only nodes are selected for provisioning m Only the fields that have a check box selected are included in the provisioning job When you enter or modify a value the associated check box is automatically selected This section lists the available provisioning forms and fields Device Settings Router Identity Page IP and VLAN Page Wireless Page Client Access DHCP Server SNMP Time Service Settings DHCP Clients Static IP Client Packet Filtering P2P Blocking Multi Subnet Roaming Backhaul Routing Rate Limiting QoS Voice Administration Software m Security Tropos Control EMS User Guide 78 Chapter 7 Router Identity Page The Router Identity page Figure 19 contains information on the physical identity and location of the router Table 17 describes the parameters on the page FIGURE 19 Router Identity Router Identity 0 Gateways 1 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name LuckyLake Type node ID 00041 IP 172 20 125 225 Router Identity ES 2 eS 2 a a o Router Mode Model number Name Location Contact Latitude dd ddddddd Longitude ddd ddddddd Location Services
152. puter Software clause at DFARS 252 227 7013 Notwithstanding any other license agreement that may pertain to or accompany the delivery of this computer software the rights of the United States Government regarding its use reproduction and disclosure are as set forth in the Commercial Computer Software Restricted Rights clause at FAR5S2 227 19 Important Note to Users This software is provided by Tropos Networks Inc as is and any express or implied warranties including but not limited to implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are disclaimed In no event shall Tropos Networks or its affiliates subsidiaries or suppliers be liable for any direct indirect incidental special exemplary or consequential damages including but not limited to procurement of substitute goods or services loss of use data or profits or business interruption however caused and on any theory of liability whether in contract strict liability or tort including negligence or otherwise arising in any way out of the use of this software even if advised of the possibility of such damage Tropos reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein FCC Notice to Users and Operators Tropos routers comply with Part 15 of the FCC rules Operation of the Tropos router is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may not cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any
153. quest in seconds timeout 1 list of IPAddress need to be pinged her for gateway use IPAddress G lt backhaul IPAddress gt example 192 168 128 3 G 192 168 128 4 for node use IPAddress N example 192 168 128 5 N Add specific devices to the ping list 1 Open the device_pinglist txt file 2 Enter the IP addresses of the devices according to the format given in the comment text N refers to note G to gateway and B to any non Tropos device 3 Save the file The entered devices will now appear in the device ping list Tropos Control EMS User Guide 40 Chapter 4 View device ping results 1 Open the Network Health tab and choose Device Ping Utility from the side menu The Device Ping Utility panel Figure 10 opens FIGURE 10 Device Ping Utility Panel Device Ping Utility Clear Counter Stop Ping Remove topo IPs Turn Off Refresh Total 3 Gateways 9 Nodes 0 Backhauls Total down devices 0 Timeouts Retries 1 Interval 20s Count started at06 27 2006 12 15 Failed Ping Total Ping Device IP Status Success Rate Last Ping Time Backhaul IP Count Count 172 20 125 84 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 95 gateway Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 86 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 97 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 80 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 83 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63 172 20 125 81 node Up 100 06 27 2006 12 37 0 63
154. r period separated 8 bit 3 digit numbers according to the Internet Protocol specification Internet Protocol Security IPSec Internet security protocol used in virtual private networks VPNs Management Information Base MIB A set of objects that can be managed by SNMP or another network manage ment system Maximum Transmission Unit MTU The largest packet size in bytes transmitted over the network Media Access Control MAC Address Device specific identifier assigned during device manufacture that uniquely identifies a network node MAC address filters can be used to limit assign ment of IP addresses to wireless clients Meshed cluster Collection of Tropos gateways and nodes providing wireless communica tions services to network clients and establishing backhaul to the wired net work Clients communicate with Tropos nodes which communicate in turn Tropos Control EMS User Guide 157 Chapter 1 with other nodes and finally to Tropos gateways which connect to the wired network Mobile node Tropos router that is designed to be mounted in a moving vehicle Netmask subnet mask The broadcast domain for a subnetwork consisting of the subnet prefix for an IP address example 255 255 255 0 Network Address Translation NAT Method whereby nodes within a local area network can access the Internet without having a public Internet address assigned Administrators can assign local IP addresses from their ow
155. r ASCII authentication key for com Confirm Router Authentication Key munication between the router and Tropos Control Management Station IP Address Enter the IP address of the Tropos Control server in the Manage ment Station IP Address field or select from the drop down menu Save to File Select to save the discovery parameters in the lt installdirectory gt ems conf server discover_devices txt file 4 Click Add Gateway Tropos Control searches and discovers the indicated gateway along with all the nodes in its cluster When the discovery process is complete the gateways are added to the Configuration View panels Delete routers 1 Select one or more routers and click Delete Routers 2 Click OK to confirm The selected routers are removed from the Tropos Control database Synchronize routers The Synchronize Routers option writes the configuration information in the selected routers to the Tropos Control database Synchronization occurs automatically every 5 minutes Use the Synchronize Routers button to perform an immediate update or if a previous update was unsuccessful You can synchronize up to 10 routers at one time 1 Select the routers in the table 2 Click Synchronize Routers 3 A pop up message explains that the routers will be synchronized Click OK to acknowledge the message The information in the Tropos Control database is updated to match the information in the selected routers When
156. r the subnet to which a rate limiting multiplier applies Tropos Control EMS User Guide 114 Chapter 7 TABLE 31 Rate Limiting Parameters continued Field Range Default Description Multiplier 2 10 7 Rate limiting multiplier that applies to the To client cap and From client cap fields traffic to and from the subnet is restricted to the client caps times the multiplier Examples e Multiplier 0 No traffic permitted to or from the subnet e Multiplier 2 Rate limit for the subnet is equal to two times the To client cap and From client cap settings QoS Quality of Service QoS refers to a set of methods for assigning preferential access to network bandwidth based on pre defined rules QoS rules can assure that traffic for certain functional organizations is always accommodated or that certain applications and users are given higher priority Tropos implements QoS by way of policies that reserve network bandwidth or assign priorities for packet forwarding Figure 34 shows the page and Table 32 describes the page settings Tropos Control EMS User Guide 115 Chapter 7 FIGURE 34 QoS Page QoS 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision CI SSID Parameters i ma 2 4GHz 5 8GHz 4 9GHz QoS Class Max Clients
157. raffic report Clients with traffic report m packetLossOptions 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 40 it is used by Devices with backhaul packet loss report Nodes with packet loss report m hopCountOptions 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 it is used by Nodes with hop count report m signalOptions 100 90 85 80 75 70 60 50 it is used by Clients with signal report m SNROptions 1 5 10 15 20 25 30 50 80 it is used by Clients with SNR report m ClientRateLimitOptions 1 5 10 20 30 40 50 it is used by Clients rate limited report marginalOptions 3 5 8 10 15 20 25 30 40 it is used as marginal options poorOptions 10 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 it is used as poor options badOptions 15 20 25 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 it is used as bad options voiceCallsOptions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 25 50 100 it is used by Routers with number of voice calls m voiceCallsDowngradedOptions 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 25 50 100 it is used by Routers with number of downgraded voice calls m voiceCallsTimeOptions 0 10 30 60 120 240 360 it is used by Routers with total minutes voice calls Default fhp_ems_networkhealth_report_threshold properties file messageCountOptions 10000 5000 2000 1000 500 300 200 150 100 50 10 BackhaulThroughputOptions 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 8 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 50 0 80 0 ThroughputOptions 0 25 0 5 0 75 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 3 5 4 0 5 0 LatencyOptions 2000 500 200 100 50 30 20 15 10 5 1 LinkOptions 30 40 50 60 65 70 80 90
158. re in Internet Explorer Netscape and most web server products Simple Mail Transfer Protocol SMTP Protocol that governs transfer of email messages between email servers Simple Network Management Protocol SNMP Protocol used for device and network management Tropos Control EMS User Guide 159 Chapter 1 SNMP inform SNMP message sent to a notification server indicating noteworthy activity or events Static IP Address Permanent IP address assigned to a node in a TCP IP network Subnet Portion of a larger network distinguished by a subnet mask or broadcast domain Subnet Mask Method of addressing subnets For example the subnet mask 255 255 255 0 refers to the subnet in which the first three triplets of the IP address are fixed and the available subnet addresses use the last triplet of the IP address Telnet Terminal emulation protocol for connecting to a remote computer Temporal Key Integrity Protocol TKIP Encryption standard included in the 802 111 specification which improves on WEP encryption by adding effective key mixing and message integrity checks Transmission Control Protocol Internet Protocol TCP IP The suite of protocols on which Internet communications are based Transport Layer Security TLS Protocol that provides security for local and Internet applications TLS is a newer generation version of Secure Sockets Layer SSL Tunneled Transport Layer Security TTLS Security protocol that combines
159. reater than 85 dBm for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Excellent Routers with 2 4 GHz airtime greater than for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Excellent Routers with 5 8 GHz airtime greater than for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Excellent Nodes with default PSP less than for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes with default RPSP less than 20 0 1 for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes that are flapping with PSP less than for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes that are flapping with RPSP less than for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Nodes with hop count of 2 w or more for 3 or more hours 0 22 0 Excellent Routers with 20 w or more neighbors in 2 4 GHz channel for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Routers with 40 v or more 2 4 GHz associated clients for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Routers with 4 or more 5 8 GHz associated clients for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Routers with 40 w or more 2 4 GHz routed clients for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Routers with 40 or more 5 8 GHz routed clients for 3 or more hours 0 28 0 Gateways with 20 or more nodes for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Gateways with 10 m or more interfering gateways in 2 4 GHz channel for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Clusters with or more clients for 3 or more hours 0 6 0 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 31 Chapter 4 The Network Optimization panel presents summary statistics for the following categories m Missing Data
160. rface Additional Client 0 15 dB Determines the reduction in power transmitted by the router radio Applies only to client links The total client attenuation is Transmit Power Attenua tion Additional Client Transmit Power Attenuation less interface Advanced Settings Support Mesh Links to Enabled Disabled Indication of whether downstream meshing is enabled Downstream Routers for each radio entry for each wire We recommend that you enable this field to support downstream meshing for all applications Tropos Control EMS User Guide 89 Chapter 7 TABLE 19 Wireless Page Parameters less interface node only Field Range Default Description Support Mesh Links to Enabled Disabled Indication of whether downstream meshing is enabled Upstream Routers for each radio entry for each wire We recommend that you enable this field for all except 4 9 GHz public safety applications For 4 9 GHz public safety applications choose the following settings Enabled for 802 11b g interface static and mobile nodes e Disabled for 802 11a interface 4 9 GHz static and mobile nodes GHz 802 11b g interface only not supported on 6310 and 6320 rout ers RTS Threshold 2346 bytes Indicates the packet size for collision protection When entry for each wire the request to send RTS packet size is larger than the less interface threshold collision protecti
161. routers running pre Release 7 5 software SNMP User Table SNMP user information Security User Name SNMP user Auth Type MD5 SHA1 or No Authentication Auth Key for the authentication protocol Priv Type AES DES or none Priv Key Privacy key for the privacy type These settings are for SNMPv3 and apply only to rout ers running Release 7 5 and later software SNMPv3 Trap Destinations Name target IP address and user name for each SNMP trap destination These settings are for SNMPv3 and apply only to rout ers running Release 7 5 and later software SNMP Enable Manage ment Servers Enabled Disabled Indication of whether SNMP is enabled or disabled for management Allowed Management Servers IP address of each Tropos Control server that is allowed to manage this device Time The time page Figure 26 contains settings for Network Time Protocol NTP servers used to synchronize time on the router and may also be used to set the time manually Table 23 lists parameters and tasks on the page Tropos Control EMS User Guide 100 Chapter 7 FIGURE 26 Time Page Time 0 Gateways 2 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name CS NE entrance cell Type node ID 19134 IP 172 20 125 84 Mo a o o o ou o d S NTP Server 192 43 244 18 1122 Oo Time Zone US Pacific O Set R
162. rver contacts each gateway to obtain its local list of nodes Auto discovery operations are run once per day Note If the network is composed of multiple subnets a gateway from each subnet must be added Tropos Control EMS User Guide 145 Chapter 8 For resilience a second gateway can be configured for each subnet If the first primary gateway is not reachable the server contacts the secondary gateway to obtain the list of routers Note For additional information on adding routers to the Tropos Control database see Tracking Router Inventory on page 134 Configure SNMP parameters for auto discovery 1 Open the Administration tab and choose Auto Discovery gt Configuration A list of currently configured seed gateways is displayed Auto Discovery Configuration Enable SNMP Port Number 161 SNMP Read Community String eeeeee SNMP Write Community String eeeeeee SNMP Trap Port Number 162 SNMP Trap Community String eceeeee Submit 2 Configure parameters as listed in Table 43 3 Click Submit TABLE 43 Auto Discovery Configuration Item Description Enable Select to enable auto discovery SNMP Port Number Enter the port number for SNMP messages default 161 SNMP Read Community String Enter the write community string SNMP Write Community String Enter the read community string SNMP Trap Port Number Enter the
163. ry few seconds You can click the underlined wireless IP link to display detailed information about a router in the list Status Job ID 2 Cancel This Job Job Name job1 Status Summary 1 Scheduled Page Lenathllentries perpage 50 1to1of1 Device Id SW Version wirelessIP Retries Executed Time Finished Time Status Reason buildingS 19937 6 5 1 1 172 20 125 192 Scheduled 12 When the scheduled job is complete and the software is loaded on the router an Install button is displayed on the Status panel Click Install to install the new image on the router or routers Check upgrade job status 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Software Update gt Status The Status panel opens The panel refreshes every few seconds to show the current job status Note The Status panel opens automatically when you submit an upgrade job 2 Use the controls at the top of the panel to choose the number entries to display and to navigate from page to page Click a column header to sort according to that column Clicking the column header again changes the sort order View upgrade job history 1 Open the Administration tab and click Router Software Update gt History The History panel opens The panel refreshes every few seconds to show the current job status History Page Lenathllentries per page 50 1to50of78 DD JobID Job Name Job Type Scheduled Time Executed Time Finished Time Status 579 Ace 7 3 0
164. ry gt ems networkhealth certificateconf file to support Network Health Configure the following parameters in the file the file contains an example for each CIPHER Signature algorithm for example SHA1 m CLIENTCERT location of certificate file m CLIENTCERTPASS password for the key store file m CACERTKEY location of the key file Using the Dashboard When you access the web interface the Dashboard opens The Dashboard presents summary network status and performance information The top line shows the total number of clients nodes and gateways in the network It also shows the number of gateways that are currently operating as nodes and vice versa You can return to the Dashboard at any time by choosing Dashboard from the side menu on the Network Health tab Tropos Control EMS User Guide 25 Chapter 4 FIGURE 6 Dashboard 14 clients 24 nodes 2 unreachable 6 gateways 1 unreachable 2 gateways operating as nodes id iw im 3m ly Last 24 hours Number of Clients Last 24 hours 49 unique D ToposGuest2 4 GHz _ scorner orePSK 2 4 GHz E sumyvae2 4 GHz mmm TroposGuest 5 8 GHz E3 8 CS WPA 1x 2 4 GHz G2 correr orePSK6 8 GHz GS t Number of Clients 8 8 3 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 8 00 Network Traffic Last 24 hours 1 907 GB down 661 5 MB up 500 upstream 400 300 200 100 0 100 200 300 400 500 downstream 12 00 16 00 20 00 000 400 8 00 Mesh Thr
165. s es Sean es seeded sue ee taeannaied vii OVERVIEW nd niet wisn terme na crane a aa a teense acannon 1 Product Overview sasaaa vive ee das ok eee Gad eode eas 2 Product Features cai 22 224 peor eer beat nannaa nrnna 3 Mid Tier Mesh Architecture 0000 eee eee 4 Mobile Router Networks 0000 cece eee eee eee 6 Network Management and Administration 8 instalation tewcctorntcdarevortewkeoneimenedeunendeeweeammedes 9 Pre Installation Requirements 000 cece eee eee 10 Installing Tropos Control s2isavee ee 4e ie dveaweaeesaen tends 12 Updating ARP Cache Settings 00 0 e eee eee eee 14 Uninstalling the System 00 00 cece eee 14 Backing Up and Restoring the Tropos Control Server 15 Upgrading the Server 0 0 cece eee 16 Resetting the Administrative Password 16 Getting Started ii ictccctenscret oowhawwewdedwiedead eie 17 Getting Ready to Manage the Network 00005 18 Starting and Stopping the Server 0 00000 e eee eee 18 Using the Web Interface 002000000 02 eee 19 Accessing and Exiting the Web Interface 19 Navigating the Web Interface 20 0 0 cee eee eee 20 DISCOVELY roere peed bee oe con news en Ree each ennades 23 Viewing Network Health Information 00 eecceee eee eeeeee 24 Preparing to Access the Network Health Panels
166. s routing domain WRD If the WRD is changed in Tropos Control all gateways and nodes must be deleted from the Tropos Control using the Configuration View Note For static IP clients you must add the client entries on all gateways in the wireless routing domain in order for the clients to be able to roam across the full domain Tropos Control EMS User Guide 103 Chapter 7 FIGURE 28 Static IP Clients Page Static IP Client 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Please select routers to provision Oo SERS name aie OO O o Auto Detect Wireless Clients with Static IP Cl Wireless Clients with Static IP Addresses Client MAC Static IP CPE MAC Address Address Address l I C Wired Clients with Static IP Addresses Permanent Static Routes will be added for these wired clients Wired Clients should be configured unique for each router For pre 7 1 2 routers Client MAC Address snd CPE MAC Address sre required Static IP Client MAC CPE MAC Vian Nam Address Address Address an Tame TABLE 25 Static IP Client Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Auto Detect Static Clients Enabled Dis If enabled allows the router to automatically detect abled the presence of static IP clients and permit them to be routed even though their addresses are not explicitly entered If security is an issue and you do not want to route Clients that are not explicitly
167. shed Time Status User Name 1123 rovision2010 08 27 18 10 46 Commit Aug 27 2010 18 11 01 Aug 27 2010 18 11 01 Aug 27 2010 18 12 56 Partial Success root 1122 rovision2010 08 27 18 06 57 Commit Aug 27 2010 18 07 14 Aug 27 2010 18 07 14 Aug 27 2010 18 09 09 Partial Success user 1 E 1121 provision2010 08 27 18 03 25 F0 Aug 27 2010 18 04 21 Aug 27 2010 18 04 21 Aug 27 2010 18 06 16 Partial Success root Provision 1004 provision2010 06 30 18 58 38 Commit Jun 30 2010 18 58 43 Jun 30 2010 18 58 43 Jun 30 2010 18 58 44 Success user 1 1003 provision2010 06 30 17 15 39 Seale Jun 30 2010 18 57 57 Jun 30 2010 18 57 57 Jun 302010 18 58 08 Success user 1 2 Choose from the options list in Table 37 TABLE 37 Provision Job List Operations Operation Description Check job status View the Status column and click the underlined link to open a window that contains additional details about the job View job results Click the underlined ID link or select the checkbox for a job and click View Provision Result Open the provision panel for Click the underlined job name or select the checkbox for a job and click the selected job View Provision Detail Tropos Control EMS User Guide 126 Chapter 7 TABLE 37 Provision Job List Operations continued Operation Description Create a new job based on the current Select the job to modify and click Redo A new panel opens t
168. sion Result Stop Page Length lentries per page 5o 1 to50 of 114 DD Name EA al ID Name Type Scheduled Time Executed Time Finished Time Status User Name 1602 provision2011 03 16 14 22 10 ace Mar 16 2011 14 23 00 Mar 16 2011 14 23 00 Mar 16 2011 14 23 02 Success root 1467 Disable FIPS Acari Jan 18 2011 17 36 16 Jan 182011 17 36 16 Jan 182011 17 36 23 Failed root C 1440 Qun s additional 2 Sm Jan 05 2011 18 00 59 Jan 052011 18 00 59 Jan 052011 18 01 05 Partial Success root 3 Select checkboxes for the jobs that you want to commit 4 Confirm that provisioning was successful for the selected jobs Status column 5 Click Commit The Provision from Form panel reopens to show that the requested commit command is to commit the stored data to the routers Choose command to be sentto routers below SS Committhe stored data in routers v 6 Click Provisioning to commit the values that have been successfully provisioned on the selected routers Tropos Control EMS User Guide 73 Chapter 7 The provisioning process is now complete Provisioning Routers Using Web Forms This section describes how to provision routers using the Provision from Form panel in the web interface Figure 17 FIGURE 17 Provisioning from Form Panel Network Health Configuration View Provisioning Administration Find Provision Provision from Form s Provision from Files Provision Job Name prov
169. sioning Tasks Administration 125 Auditing Provisioning JobS 0 000 e eee eee 126 Performing Administrative Tasks 0cccee sence eee eee eens 129 Generating Diagnostic Information 02 000 0ue 130 Upgrading Router Software 000 2c eee eee eee 131 Tracking Router Inventory lt lt 5 eae cette t own sea ooh 134 Backing Up Router Configurations 000e eee 136 Restoring Router Configurations 00 e ee eee eee 140 Supporting RADIUS Authentication 0 000 143 Managing Administrative Users 0 0000 eee eee 144 Using Router Auto Discovery 0000 eee eee 145 Viewing the User Audit Log 220 0c ee eee 149 Configuring Banner Text 000 c eee eee eee 149 Configuring FIPS Mode 2 4 4 Pe3o264 tines G42 eae 150 Redundant Tropos Control Servers for Failover 00005 152 Primary and Secondary Servers 00 060 e eee eee 152 Set Up the Primary and Secondary Servers 152 Set Up the Secondary Server as Backup 005 153 Perform Failover from the Primary to Secondary Server 153 Returning to the Primary Server when it Recovers 154 GIOSSAPY a a wari ahh sites AT acacia 155 NAEK ose is cid ews www vane ee Wales Sacre nine eweA ee ees 162 Tropos Control EMS User Guide vi Preface This guide contains the information and instructions needed to install
170. ss 172 20 125 187 index IP Address MAC Address Rx Kbps 6 1 172 200 125 187 00 19 D2 7B 61 B3 Tx Kbps 4 Signal 47 Noise 97 SNR 50 Visited Node Gateway History Average Information Type Node IP Node EN Signal Noise SNR ieee kbps Location Ozone Node 172 20 12596 19040 95 47 99 52 6 1 Conference Room Gateway 172 20 125 128 49014 16 49 91 42 7 2 Systest Detailed Data 2008 10 14 2008 10 15 Table 6 describes information summarized in the Client CPE Average History Information area at the top of the panel Tropos Control EMS User Guide 36 Chapter 4 TABLE 6 Client CPE Average History Information Item Description MAC Address MAC address of the client machine about which to be reported IP Address IP address of the client machine about which to be reported Rx Kbps Average Kbps received over the past 24 hours Tx Kbps Average Kbps transmitted over the past 24 hours Signal Average signal strength over the past 24 hours dB Noise Average noise level over the past 24 hours dB SNR Average signal to noise ratio over the past 24 hours The Visited Node Gateway History Average Information area lists statistics for node and gateway associations Each row presents information for a node or gateway to which the client associated over the past 24 hours Table 7 lists the information reported for each associated node and gateway TABLE 7 Visited Node G
171. ss range for the Tropos gateway Ending Address Specifies the last IP address in the address range for the Tropos gateway DHCP server the address range should be large enough to accommodate all routers and users on the network Netmask Specifies the subnet mask for the IP addresses provided by the DHCP server Domain Name Server Specifies the IP address of the DNS server that supplies name resolution for the DHCP server DHCP Server Lease Time Specifies the time in seconds before the IP address expires and must be renewed it is recommended that you assign lease times of at least 12 hours or 43200 sec onds WINS Servers Specifies the IP address of a Windows name server to be passed on to DHCP clients MAC Address Filter Enabled Disabled Indicates whether MAC address filtering is enabled The SNMP page Figure 25 lists the SNMP community for the router and specifies where to send SNMP informs To use Tropos Control to manage the router you must register Tropos Control to allow SNMP access to the router and to receive SNMP informs This allows access to the SNMP MIBs and use of Tropos Control In addition registering the IP address allows SNMP Tropos Control EMS User Guide 98 Chapter 7 informs to be sent to that address You can configure multiple IP addresses if you want other addresses to have SNMP access and the ability to receive informs Table 22 lists
172. ssible for conflicts to arise in applying provisioning changes if multiple administrators are logged in and performing provisioning operations as the same time Each provisioning operation involves the tasks listed in Table 16 TABLE 16 Provisioning Tasks Step Task Description 1 Router selection Choose the routers that will receive the new configuration values Select routers to provision on page 70 Configuration Specify any of the following changes to be made Configure values and store them on the Tropos Control server See Con figure router parameters on page 75 Specify the type of file provisioning and the source file See Specify the type of provisioning and the source file on page 77 Choose an administrative task See Other Provisioning Operations on page 123 Schedule the provision ing job Send the stored configuration values or file to the designated routers Schedule the provisioning job on page 72 Commit Activate the new configuration values on the designated routers Commit the provisioning job on page 73 Tropos Control EMS User Guide 69 Chapter 7 Select routers to provision 1 Open the Provisioning tab Figure 16 and choose the panel for the type of provisioning that you plan to implement FIGURE 16 Provisioning Tab Tropos Con rol Network Health Configuration View Provisioning Administration fin
173. stream Quality Selection DSCP Quality of traffic flows from the gateway s wired interface to wireless clients If 802 1p is chosen but traffic does not have 802 1p tags because VLAN trunking is not enabled then all traffic is treated as Silver traffic Note 802 1p is a layer 2 header while DSCP is part of the layer 3 IP datagram DSCP for Bronze 24 Bronze DSCP assigned to upstream traffic when remarking DSCP for Silver 0 Silver is enabled The value is chosen by the ESSID of the DSCP for Gold 32 Gold client for upstream traffic If Downstream Quality Selection is set to DSCP these values classify traffic headed from a gate way s wired interface to the wireless client 802 1p Priority N to Bronze Silver Control of the QoS class of traffic flowing from a Gold Voice gateway s wired interface to wireless clients and from a node s sub interface through the mesh To use these values VLAN trunking and Down stream Quality Selection of 802 1p on the respec tive interfaces must be enabled Bronze to 802 1p priority 0 7 Determination of 802 1p traffic marking from the Silver to 802 1p priority 0 gateway s wired interface The marking requires Gold to VLAN trunking to be enabled Voice to Wired Sub Interface Priority Bronze Silver Gold Voice QoS class of all traffic received by a node on the router s wired sub interface if VLAN trunking is not enabled on the
174. sub interface Tropos Control EMS User Guide 117 Chapter 7 Voice Use the Voice page Figure 35 to improve QoS for voice over IP VoIP traffic Table 33 lists the parameters on the page FIGURE 35 Voice Page Voice 0 Gateways 0 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Please select routers to provision Adjust Selection 2 Module Namel value otes Voice Service o Voice Percentage of Available Airtime oO WMM classification Oo Heuristic classification o DSCP values to recognize as voice Decimal C Maximum per call packet rate pps C Maximum per call bandwidth kbps oO Remarkina DSCP value to remark to Decimal Fi Fast Handoff Optimization Cl Voice Correspondent Prefixes Enabled Enabled v Enabled v Enabled v i None v Voice Correspondent Prefixes don t take effect when Voice Service is disabled PIP Prefix EY Es TABLE 33 Voice Parameters Range Field Default Description Voice Service Enabled Dis Enables the voice QoS features You must enable this field abled and store changes to display all the rest of the fields on the Voice page Tropos Control EMS User Guide 118 Chapter 7 TABLE 33 Voice Parameters continued rate pps Range Field Default Description Voice Percentage of 1 100 50 Limits the amount of bandwidth avai
175. tab and select the routers to provision Select routers to provision on page 70 2 Choose one of the provisioning forms listed under Device Settings or Service Settings in the side menu 3 The selected formed opens as in this Time form example Configuration parameters from the golden router are displayed Time 0 Gateways 2 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name CS NE entrance cell Type node ID 19134 IP 172 20 125 84 NTP Server 192 43 244 18 seg o Time Zone US Pacific v o Set Router Time Ea 4 Upto 3 time ntp server addresses separated by comma can be configured 2 Forpre 7 5 release routers it can be separated string of 3 ip addresses Otherwise it can be separated string of 3 ip addresses or host names Submit Rest 4 Select checkboxes for each field that you want to provision and modify the field value as desired See Provisioning Forms on page 78 for descriptions of the parameters on each form Note The fields with checkboxes selected are the ones that will be provisioned on the selected routers All other values will be ignored If you modify a field value the checkbox for that field is automatically selected 5 Click Submit to save the values on the Tropos Control EMS server You can now schedule the provisioning job Schedule the provisioning job on pa
176. tate and client connectivity information and monitoring Quick access to the fault performance and statistical information MAC address filtering Rogue client blacklisting Continuous alarm and event monitoring Automatic collection and monitoring of performance data Long term trend data Performance reporting Remote configuration and software updates Comprehensive logging Mid Tier Mesh Architecture Each stationary router can be configured to operate as a gateway or node As a gateway the router establishes communications between the wired Ethernet network and other routers that operate as nodes nodes in turn form radio communications links with the clients users on the network Gateways can also service clients directly Note Each Tropos mobile router is shipped from the factory with the mobile node setting but can also operate as a gateway If a mobile router is operating as a gateway and the wired connection is disabled the router automatically reverts to mobile node operation A Tropos wireless network consists of gateways that are directly connected to the wired network and nodes that deliver wireless communications support for clients and provide wireless backhaul to other upstream Tropos nodes and gateways The nodes and gateways form a meshed cluster to route wireless signals dynamically from clients through the gateway and on to the wired network Tropos Control EMS User Guide 4 Chapter 1 Figure 1
177. te an action click the Disable link To export action settings click Save Actions specify a file name and click Save Actions are saved in the lt installdirectory gt ems conf directory To load previously saved actions click Load Actions Specify the file name from the lt installdirectory gt ems conf directory and click Load To add new alarm actions 1 Click Add Actions FIGURE 15 Adding Alarm Actions Tropos Control EMS User Guide 54 Chapter 5 Alarm Settings Name Router_ Unreach_1 Source Select View Routers Severity Critical v Category Router Reachability v Actions Available Actions Associated Actions Bin Email Router_unreach_suppres v New Email Action New Suppress Action Edit Delete Submit 2 Configure the settings in Table 13 3 You can associate actions that have already been defined or create new actions and then associate them To create a new email action click New Email Action configure the settings described under New Email action in the table and click Submit To create a new email action click New Suppression Action specify a name for the action and click Submit To associate actions highlight them in the Available Actions column and use the arrows to move it them to the Associated Actions column To edit an existing action select it and click Edit 4 Click Submit to save the actions and return to the Alarm Sett
178. th the primary and secondary servers If you are using Oracle start only the primary server 3 Ifyou are using MySQL configure each server to discover the entire network as described in Discovery on page 19 Set Up the Secondary Server as Backup 1 Log in to the primary server as root 2 Install the expect software package on CentOS if it is not installed root localhost yum install expect 3 Install the redundancy file by issuing the following commands in a terminal window root localhost cd lt installdirectory gt ems bin redundancy root localhost chmod atx root localhost setupRedundantServer lt Secondary IP Address gt lt Secondary root password gt Example root localhost setupRedundantServer sh 192 168 128 194 passwd 1 Checking for secure password less logins to 192 168 128 194 please wait done 2 Querying the system for all the devices please wait done 3 Finding Control Server Installations on 192 168 128 194 done 4 Copying discover_devices txt to 192 168 128 194 opt ControlServer ems conf server done 5 Setting up crontab on 192 168 128 194 done 6 Setting up crontab on this server done root localhost Perform Failover from the Primary to Secondary Server Follow these steps to move operations to the secondary server upon service interruption or failure of the primary server 1 Disconnect the primary server from the network Unexpected results may
179. the settings on the page along with an explanation of the purpose of each and how they should be interpreted Note Tropos Control does not support encrypted traps FIGURE 25 SNMP SNMP 0 Gateways 1 Nodes 0 MobileNodes are selected Adjust Selection Golden Device default value comes from this device Name LuckyLake Type node ID 00041 IP 172 20 125 225 C Trap Destinations IP Address root eecccccce Ada 4 This configuration is applicable to Routers prior to version 7 5 C SNMP usm User Table Security A openUser No Authentication No Privacy Remove No Authentic NoPrivacy Ada 4 This configuration is applicable to Routers from version 7 5 CI SNMPv3 Trap Destinations Target Address openuser1 172 20 125 149 openUser Remove IL aaa 4 This configuration is applicable to Cell Relays and Routers from version 7 5 SNMPv3 Enable Management Server o O oO SNMP Enabled v 4 This configuration is applicable to Routers from version 7 5 0 3 C Allowed Management Servers Tropos Control EMS User Guide 99 Chapter 7 TABLE 22 SNMP Page Parameters Field Range Default Description Trap Destinations IP address and SNMP community of the server that receives SNMP traps These settings are for SNMP v2 traps which apply only to
180. up click the icon to assign the alarm to your user ID For annotation click the icon to open the pop up Annotation win dow Enter a comment and click Annotate Click Close to close the Annotation window Display Name The alphanumeric name assigned to the router Alarm Details Message Brief summary of the alarm message Click the underlined link to open the Alarm Properties window for the event Date Time Date and time that the event occurred Failure Object Code for the type of failure Tropos Control EMS User Guide 51 Chapter 5 TABLE 11 Alarms List continued Item Description Alarm Group Type of failure Information Full text of the event message Viewing Event Counts The Event Counts panel provides a consolidated summary of event for each router View alarms 1 Open the Network Health tab and choose Event Count on the side menu 2 The Event Count panel Figure 13 opens to display a summary of events by router IP address FIGURE 13 Event Count Panel Event Alarm Count Reporting Period All v Tum Refresh On Last Refreshed at 12 08 2010 09 59 Reporting Period ALL Failed 3 Gateway Confi t Hast MAA Node Node otal Device SNMP I annas nu per OF Install SSH ID Type Reachability Timeout Node Login New Login Image 172 20 125 116 Groom2 00053 node 76 0 0 0 9 0 0 172 20 125 118 Atheros 18060 node 20 4 0 0 13 0 0 172 20 125 128 NewLabGW 49014 gateway 68 0 0
181. ust have a minimum of eight characters The password change doesn t affect the password stored in the router it only changes the password that is stored in the Tropos Control server and used for communication between Tropos Control and the routers Reset the administrative password 1 Go to lt installdirectory gt ems bin and execute the following command setRouterPasswd 2 Respond to the prompts to enter and confirm the password Tropos Control EMS User Guide 16 3 Getting Started This chapter describes how to start using Tropos Control to manage the network Chapter contents m Getting Ready to Manage the Network m Starting and Stopping the Server m Using the Web Interface m Discovery Tropos Control EMS User Guide Chapter 3 Getting Ready to Manage the Network To use Tropos Control to manage the Tropos network you must first configure each router to recognize the Tropos Control server and verify that all routers are in the same wireless routing domain Use the Tropos Configuration Utility to perform these tasks as outlined in this section For detailed information on using the Tropos Configuration Utility see the Tropos Networks User Guide Note Use the following procedure for initial device configuration after installing Tropos Control See About Provisioning Operations on page 69 for information on configuring devices on an existing network Configure routers 1 Perform these tas
182. vices As with other Tropos routers the mobile router dynamically associates to upstream nodes or gateways Clients connect to the mobile router through a wireless or wired connection In a typical vehicle installation the client computer is connected directly to the mobile router through a wired interface connection Since mobile routers may be in motion special rules apply to the association of wireless clients to and from mobile routers The following guidelines and properties apply Tropos Control EMS User Guide 6 Chapter 1 A mobile node will always attempt to establish backhaul connection to an upstream stationary Tropos node or gateway If this is not possible it will attempt to connect to another mobile router A stationary Tropos node will not attempt to establish uplink to a mobile router Configuring a separate ESSID for mobile routers is recommended Wireless clients accessing this ESSID will always attempt to associate with mobile nodes while clients accessing other ESSIDs will always attempt to associate with stationary nodes This arrangement prevents typical stationary clients from associating to mobile nodes that may move in and out of coverage while also permitting special sets of wireless clients such as passengers on a bus with a mobile node installed to associate with mobile nodes If any router loses backhaul connectivity it shifts to standalone mode so as not to advertise wireless service to associated c
183. vices that require a long Long Preamble Mixed preamble in the 802 11 frame format e Short Preamble is more efficient but incompatible with some older 802 11 devices Long Preamble ensures compatibility with most early models of wireless clients e Mixed allows 802 11b clients using short or long pre amble to associate e Disabled prevents all 802 11b clients from associating with the router Note This setting does not apply to mobile routers Beacon Interval entry for each wireless interface 250 802 11b g 100 801 11a n Choose the time interval between the transmission of 802 11 beacons by the router ms Beacon Rate entry for each wireless interface 11 802 11b g 6 801 11a n Enter the rate at which the router transmits 802 11 bea cons Mbps Tropos Control EMS User Guide 96 Chapter 7 TABLE 20 Client Access Page Parameters continued Field Range Default Description IP to VLAN Mapping To create or edit IP to VLAN mappings enter the VLAN ID and the subnet x x x x n format Click Add after each addition Note Before you create IP to VLAN mappings enable and define VLANs on the IP and VLAN page See IP and VLAN Page on page 81 DHCP Server The DHCP Server page Figure 24 lists DHCP parameter settings for routers Table 21 lists all parameters on the page along with an explanation of the purpose of each an
184. vision Now Provision at Submit the job Form Device Settings Router Identity IP and VLAN Wireless Client Access DHCP Server SNMP Time Choose command to be sent to routers below Commit the stored data in routers After commit all the stored data becomes committed data and takes eff Select Routers vs 7 Clear Routers rect Selected Routers Time delay before committing 5 minute s v CI Abort the action and rollback all selected routers if any router in the list fails to commit configuration Form Service Settings DHCP Clients Static IP Client i Packet Filtering P2P Blocking Multi Subnet Roaming Backhaul Routing Rate Limiting QoS Voice Tropos Control EMS User Guide 123 Chapter 7 TABLE 36 Other Provisioning Operations Operation Description Commit Required Commit the stored data in routers Activates the changes that have been provisioned on the selected routers Rollback the stored data in routers Cancels the application of provisioned data that has not yet been committed Provisioned data is saved in stored profiles on each router During commit the data is written to committed profiles If a rollback operation is sent before commit the provisioned data are lost Reboot routers Restart the hardware and software on the selected rout ers Restart routers
185. w total 0 Perform the following actions from this panel To abort an operation before completion click Abort When the operation is complete the window opens and prompts you to export the file Action Description Update Gateway List Send the current complete Gateway List to all gateways Clear Gateway List Remove the gateway list from all gateways This action disables multi subnet roaming Obtain the current multi subnet roaming tunnels Show Current Tunnels from the gateways When you click this button the window reopens to show progress Show the status any current configuration jobs Show Current Status such as Update Gateway List or Clear Gateway List Show a summary of the current multi subnet Show Configuration Summary i ve roaming configuration in a new window Tropos Router Reference Guide 66 Chapter 6 Gateway List This panel displays the current gateway list To access this panel open the Configuration View tab choose Multi Subnet and then choose Gateway List Gateway List See Page Lengthllentries per page 25 1to6of 6 p Wireless IP 2 4 IP Mask CO 19207 172 20 125 99 172 20 125 128 255 255 255 0 O 19207 172 20 125 99 172 20 125 96 255 255 255 0 O 19207 172 20 125 99 172 20 125 99 255 255 255 0 C 19040 172 20 125 96 172 20 125 128 255 255 255 0 C 19040 172 20 125 96 172 20 125 96 255 255 255 0 O 19040 172 20 125 96 172 20 125 99 255 255 255 0 Perform the following actions fro
186. yed Copy the key Click Upload in the Google Map area of the Tropos Control web interface o ON OD Past the key into the space provided and click Upload Please upload the Google Map API Key to server 10 Click Close to close the upload window 11 Click refresh to reopen the page and display the map TROFCS Yy Find Latitude 37 371658 Longitude 122 073212 E Moffett Field Refresh Map x Golf Course 2 4 GHz 5 80r4 9G s C single Radio Gat E Dual Radio Gatev O Single Radio Noc Dual Radio Node heen Naval Air Station 1 Multiple Devices Federal Airfield Moffett Field 4 Q Channels E channets 1 100 Oo Channels 2 104 E channets 3 108 E channets 4 112 At BD channeis 5 116 Whisr ON SS E Channels 6 120 o Municipal E channeis 7 124 Golf Course Lakewood Barbershop M channels 8 128 akesi E channeis 9 132 D SEDs E channels 10 136 Park E Channels 11 140 San Miguel s oa M channels 12 149 E Channels 13 153 i Gs Got HM channel 157 Mountain D A J Pak E channet 161 fiews A h s 7 Park x i Channel 165 X o Ag Lowlanders A Gb North f Slater If School Park Whisman B Station Using the Geographic Maps Each router is represented as an icon on the map The following conventions apply to the maps Square icons represent gateways Round icons represent nodes include mobile nodes Dual radio routers have a sma

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