timing diagram
Contents
1. setup Th u hold burn louTmax mr b CLEAR A COUNT N A N STEP 7 0 FF Timing Specifications LOW to O may be different HIGH to LOW tp Clock Signals active high low al F state changes occur here GLK ty t period tper frequency 1 duty cycle t b F state changes occu a LK L 1 pe th Lose duty cycle t tar Timing Diagrams and Specifications e For synchronous systems timing diagrams can be used to show the relationship between the clock and various input output and internal signals clock frequency t 1 duty cycle tt t CLOCK time ita H 5 I time high low flip flop YYYY outputs a flip flop C O prop d So combinational VVVVVV Comb output prop delay Inputs flip flop setup and hold times rn cat Taufe Ar a _ o up TE mern hold 8 ry of oper Describe the function and operating r mode of each major subsection of the circuit as well as how the subsections relate to each other Discuss the function and operating mode of major components including rationale for choice of operating frequency supply voltage s etc not rationale for the choice of the component Do not rehash the manufacture2. Do not remove Helmet The helmet provides a secure mounting framework and comes with an adjustable strap Display The display projects the image seen on the reflector Reflector Reflects the image from the display Antenna The headset antenna is used to communicate with the Central Control Unit Charging port Plug a USB cable in the charging port and the computer to charge the headset s battery A battery charging LED will turn on Electronics Enclosure The black box at the back of the headset containing the GPS and other important electronic devices 10 Power Switch Turn power on for headset device 1 0 Product Setup Instructions e Find a location to play 0 Find a location outside to play preferably a big open field with a building nearby that has an outlet on the outside If necessary acquire a long extension cord that can stretch into the field e Turn on the Devices 0 Plug the Central Control Unit in to turn it on Flip the switch on the back of the headset to turn it on as well Wait until there is a red flashing light on the board in the back of the headset This indicates that the Global Positioning System is ready e Initial Configuration o Wait for a screen on the Central Control Unit that looks like the following Augmented Welcome to Augmented Reality Please Press Enter o Press Enter on the numeric pad to continue to the next screen that looks like the following Augmented
3. Reality Simulator Central Control Unit Use the numpad to add remove headsets from the simulation Use the numbers 0 9 to add the corresponding headset to the simulation Selecting 0 9 again for the corresponding headset will remove it from the simulation Press Enter when done 0 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 1 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 2 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 3 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 4 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 5 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 6 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 7 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 8 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected 9 Headset ID 1 Status Disconnected o Wait for the Central Control Unit to detect a headset If no headset is detected please refer to the troubleshooting section When the Central Control Unit detects a headset press 0 to select the headset Multiple headsets are not currently supported You may continue by pressing Enter on the numeric pad Guidelines e Schematics e Active levels for pins e Timing diagrams Schematic Guidelines normal orientation inputs on left outputs right system inputs on the left and outputs on the right not allow i 2 a al Mn zu u ie ga 1 ug pps L L LE ai Loaf NE il Ep L a a uma m s a a a ma EH a Schematic Gui
4. D display The CCU will then wirelessly transmit all simulation relevant data e g 2D images 3D models and if the headsets were equipped with speakers audio files to the headsets which the CCU will later reference by index The CCU will then signal the start of the simulation to the headsets and then coordinate game logic throughout the simulation by taking into account the periodic sensor IMU GPS readings returned by each headset Each headset will also make use of its sensor readings by rendering the image depending on user head orientation geospatial location and status in the game virtual tour Requirements Task Runs on Data Rate Jitter Requirement 800 Hz Battery monitoring Device Peripheral Special Features Minimum Speed Pin Count Extemal GPU 800 KHz GPS TU 52 Kad 1 Future Expansion GPIO Configurable Data Direction Block Diagram Power Supply gt User Raspberry PI Xbee Pro Kevoad Model A u 2 4 GHz lo USB 2 USB 3 SPIA Feedback LED Headset Li lon Fuel Power A NT 4 km Raspberry 4 1 i V STM32F4 Abee Pro Model A NEPI Microcontroller 2 ART 2 4 GHz MIQUEL A Hohe M 3 Composite 2 1204 1 UART STM 9 DOF o Pispiay AT Chase Venus GPS red IMU Sensor Packaging Electrical Schematic ELE 777 Headset Circuit Narrative The augmented reality system comprises multiple battery powered headsets controlled by a mi
5. ECE 477 Digital Systems Senior Design Project Reference Wakerly DDPP 4 ed pp 342 370 Instructional Objectives e To review the foundations of structured digital system design e To review logic design documentation standards e To review how to draw timing diagrams and use timing specifications Outline e Documentation standards e Guidelines e Electrical schematic homework Abstract An Augmented Reality Simulator that allows multiple users to interact in a mobile outdoor environment simulation A central control unit will coordinate the game play while per player headsets will appropriately overlay game object pixels on a semi transparent panel that is suspended in front of the users eyes This product is intended to be used for gaming and other potential simulations that require an augmented environment Specifications The Augmented Reality Simulator consists of two primary components a single immotile central control unit CCU and multiple per user mobile headsets A user chooses the desired simulation e g game or virtual tour via the CCU which is equipped with a keypad and LC
6. crocontroller and one Raspberry Pi and a single central control unit controlled by one Raspberry Pi Upon insertion of a 3 7 lithium ion battery into the headset or the contact closure of the battery s on off switch the battery s voltage is connected to the input of 4 power supplies the input of the battery fuel gauge and the output of the battery charger A polarized battery header will be used to prevent the physical insertion of the battery in the wrong polarity direction The single battery powers all components of the headset except for the battery charger which is optionally powered by an external 5V source in the form of a USB connection Three of the four power supplies are low dropout LDO regulators which altogether supply 3 3 to the IMU sensors GPS Raspberry Pi microcontroller and XBee radio The fourth power supply is integrated in the LCD package and accepts the battery s 3 V directly Once the IMU sensors are powered they are capable of transmitting raw sensor data to the microcontroller for processing via lC protocol 34 The battery fuel gauge will similarly communicate the battery s charge to the microcontroller via I C 22 The Raspberry Pi will communicate with the microcontroller via SPI and both the GPS and XBee modules will communicate with the microcontroller via the USART protocol 35 6 PCB Layout Stephen Carlson Steve Ellis Alec Green Thor Smith PCB Narrative Several of
7. delines 2 but not so long that they overlap other pin names physical or logical power ground Schematic Guidelines RDZ RDS RD4 RD5 SDA RD6 SCL2 RD nSS2 II NA PSPd3 PSPd4 PSPds PSPd6 PSPd Active Levels for Pins inversion bubbles active low D D AX AX Copyright 2000 by Prentice Hall Inc Digital Design Principles and Practices We Active Levels for Pins 2 L active low READY READY REQUEST a0 REQUEST m Copyright 22000 by Prerfice Hall Inc Digital Design Principles and Practices Ye READY_L READY_L REQUEST_L A REQUEST_L A ms READY READY_L PO READY L an REQUEST REQUEST a Copy ight 2000 by Prentice Hall Inc Digtal Design Principles and Practices Ve Ka Timing Diagrams e Combinational circuit timing diagram mao tbat DAT READY HITS U IaDymin IRDYmax m qm MIT bases D lt a DATmax Timing Diagrams e Timing diagrams for data signals a WRITE L DATAN gt E DATAOUT old Mmt TT new data
8. for the purposes of detecting collisions Bill of Materials Digi Key SGS Thomson Miscellaneous Passive components SGS Thomson GEN EP Inertial Measurement Unit 9 DOF OnShine GPS Antenna RP SMA Adafruit Adafuit Unknom NA Composite Input Display 43 4995 Input Displ ay 4 3 49 95 T 905 95 Foundation Headset GPU Motherboard Miscellaneous Wall Supply SD cards for Raspberry Pi 12 00 L Com o Wireless Antenna 19 28 Micrel MIC5216 Regulator LDO 500mA MSOP 8 Micrel MIC5219 Regulator Low Noise LDO SOT 23 5 0 OO Maxim IC Maxim IC MAX 17043 Voltage Based Battery Fuel Gauge 0 00 Microchip Microchip MCP73831 Linear Charge Management Controller 0 00 1 0 00 TOTAL 6 Timing Diagram ECLK PE4 1 je i E Se i 1 5 e oje 1 9 15 EM Addr Data EN data ler addr read JH PA PB 12 13 Addr Data data PA PB Lat 17 18 eae G RAW 20 31 je gt a LSTRE PES La 23 24 ye La T NOACC PEs 08 27 la 28 20 PIPOO PIPO1 PE6 5 i User Manual 1 0 Illustration Pb AN 9 Helmet Keypad Use the keypad to interact with the Central Control Unit Screen Use the screen to receive feedback from the Central Control Unit Antenna The antenna is used to communicate with the headset
9. rs data sheets for the parts Tell us how the parts work in your circuit e Hardware design nari Discuss which subsystems of the microcontroller will be used and how they will be used Discuss the port assignments of the microcontroller and why specific ports were chosen for specific functions Include power ground and bypass capacitor considerations For the other major subsystems discuss any specific configuration choices and how they affect the interconnection between these subsystems and the microcontroller Reference the schematic in this discussion
10. t Main Module Render Graphics Software Narrative Figure 10 5 shows the hierarchical arrangement of the various code modules included in our design The code modules in our design are the central control unit user interface the central control unit simulation the headset main module the headset GPS IRQ the headset IMU IRQ the headset battery IRQ the headset XBee IRQ and the headset GPU The central control unit user interface is written in Python Tkinter 30 Tkinter was chosen because a complex user interface is not needed and because the author is familiar with the software The user interface launches on startup of the central control unit and begins looking for available headsets to join in simulations The user is able to choose available headsets and add them The simulation allows a user to select a simulation to run After selecting a simulation the rules and hazards are explained to the user The GUI will then launch the simulation and wait for it to end The central control unit simulation will first load image and object data to all headsets through wireless communication It will then proceed to send updates about the position of the image and object data to the user Updates about the headsets position will be periodically processed and collision detection will be performed to determine simulation events to be triggered Due to limited accuracy of the GPS virtual objects will be made large approximately 2 meters
11. the components of this project most notably the USB boot loader described in the microcontroller datasheet depend on a stable clock source Therefore an external crystal oscillator in a through hole package was utilized with the recommended load capacitance of 20pF 36 As the traces leading to the crystal also add impedance the EAGLE run length freq ri tool was used to match the oscillator trace lengths within 8mil The crystal was also placed as close as possible to the microcontroller while still allowing a component free area around the oscillator to limit noise coupling Similarly the same method was used to match the USB data traces to significantly less than the stated 50mil length tolerance 5 Part placement near the microcontroller was also a major concern In order for the PCB to be physically possible to route pin assignments with multiple equivalent options on the microcontroller were chosen to limit the number of crossing signals Careful effort was also spent in placing parts to minimize the number of traces looping around the microcontroller and interfering with power routing as shown in Figure 9 1 After placement was finalized the most convenient spare I O pins were brought out to pads and a spare serial port was connected to an unpopulated header for debugging and future expansion Two spare LEDs also aid in debugging Software Organization CCU Main User Simulation Interface Wireless Driver Headse
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