Network Management Console
Contents
1. ab dkr kan a di n 40 265 TODO 2 26 cache hb ve OSSE a 40 2 My Experiences bw ww a id a 054 din sua HSE HD EHS ak Q HEA 40 3 Bibliography 42 4 Acknoledgements 44 1 Research on OpenNMS 1 1 About DeepRoot Linux Pvt Ltd DeepRoot Linux is an upcoming GNU Linux company which was setup August 2000 housed in the northern outskirts of Bangalore in Southern India DeepRoot Linux was started with a simple objective e to design products based on GNU Linux and e to offer value added and high quality services on GNU Linux Its committment to the GNU Linux community remains one of the strongest reasons for its work It is aiming towards contributing on a larger scale and if possible more than what it has taken from the community It stresses upon two things e Spreading GNU Linux adoption across boundaries e Making it easy for users to deploy GNU Linux Contact Information Postal Address DeepRoot Linux Pvt Ltd 377 SFS 407 Opp Mother Dairy IVth Phase Yelahanka New Town Bangalore 560064 INDIA Phone Number Head Office and Development Center 91 80 856 5624 Fax Number 91 80 856 2896 1 2 Description A few years back a group of people with a lot of network management experience were getting frustrated with the current state of network management software They are ex pensive difficult to configure not reliable and run on expensive hardware They came up with OpenNMS an op2. argument streamed true switch tm lt switch gt lt argument gt lt command gt 1 5 13 discovery configuration xml This file defines the ranges of addresses to discover ping sweep as well as time outs number of retries and number of threads to dedicate to discovery This file also provides 14 initial sleep time and restart sleep time These values are in miliseconds and control how long after OpenNMS is started that discovery should begin it s initial pass through the addresses and how long to wait between each additional pass 1 5 14 eventconf xml This file defines the Universal Event Identifiers or UEls as well as their event masks descriptions log messages and severity levels 1 5 15 eventd configuration xml This file defines operating parameters for eventd such as time outs and number of listener threads 1 5 16 users xml groups xml These files hold information about users and their contact information as well as groups and membership Information in these files is used for authentication on the web UI as well as for contact methods needed by notifications 1 5 17 log4j properties This file defines properties for log4j It controls log size rotation as well as logging levels for individual category 1 5 18 magic users properties This file includes special users and takes precedence over users xml for the users that it has information about This is used internally to control permiss
3. 1 7 8 Outages Access the outage page by clicking on the Outages link in the main menu On this page there is a table that contains information about all current outages for all managed devices On this page there is information regarding the type of outages affected nodes and interfaces as well as the times of the outages Clicking links in this table will provide additional information such as availability events and historical outages 1 7 9 Search Clicking on the Search link in the main menu takes us to the search page From here we can search for nodes using various criteria Once a search is initiated we recieve a list of nodes and their interfaces that match the search criteria Each of these will be a link to the main node or interface pages These pages contain a very complete set of information about each device Below is more detail on some of the different types of searches that can be done 1 7 10 Searching for Nodes Generate lists of nodes that match any of a number of criteria including ip addresses services and machine names Ranges of addresses can be entered for example to provide a list of nodes that have ip addresses in that range There are examples on this page as well as some syntax rules to help refine searches If all else fails there is also a link to list all nodes 1 7 11 Searching Asset Information If asset information has been entered for devices on the network a search can can be crea
4. Assets Reports Admin Help 192 168 50 2 Network Interfaces Check Your Notices DNS amp DHCP Servers Web Servers Database Servers No performance data has been gathered Other Servers yet Overall Service Availability Search Outages Events Notification Assets Reports Admin Help Copyright 2002 Sortova Consulting Group Inc Parts Copyright e 1999 2002 Oculan Corp Open NMS is a trademark of Sortova Consulting Group Ine From this centralized view a quick overview of the current health of the network can be found Notice in the upper right hand corner is information about the time and date on the management station as well as the currently logged in user and whether or not notices are currently turned on 1 7 2 Outage table To the left of the screen is the outage table labeled Nodes with Outages This is a list of nodes that currently have service outages Clicking on a node in this list will present more specific information about the node it s services and current as well as historic outages From this page information can be found regarding times that any outages occurred as well as when service was restored 19 1 7 3 Availability In the center of the display are categories of services For each category there is listed the number of current outages as well as availability for the last 24 hours The outage and availability sections of this table are colored green yellow or red ba
5. was a pleasure they were really motivating people While also got the feel of working at a company it almost felt as if was at home could work nighis if l wanted could take a day off to explore the city 40 also had a chance to view the AirShow 2003 and SunTech Days 2003 The first event was for fun while the second one gave me an insight on upcomming technologies like J2ME and J2EE and tools such as Sun One Studio JDeveloper etc and meeting people like Scott McNelly Rima Patel Matt Thompson got to enjoy teaching socket programming to the students of Computer Engineering While the last week of the project was full of action never felt tired of working on this project as just wanted to finish it up unfortunately could not finish the LmSensors part but 1 will try and finish it when have some time for it While trying to enable LmSensors got a chance to learn the insights of recompiling the GNU Linux Kernel of different versions which is a big feast in itself 41 3 Bibliography Essential SNMP by Douglas Mauro amp Kevin Schmidt Java 2 Complete Reference by Patrick Naughton OpenNMS Discussion Group http www opennms org users discuss Javadoc API s Javadoc generated from the snmpstack and chart2d libraries http www debian org http www objectplanet com easycharts http jcck sourceforge net http www sourceforge net http chart2d sourceforge net http www tac dk http
6. 2021 11 6 0 System Context OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 7 0 CPU User OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 8 0 CPU System OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 9 0 CPU Idle OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 10 0 CPU Raw User OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 11 0 CPU Raw Nice OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 50 0 CPU Raw System OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 51 0 CPU Raw Idle OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 52 0 Error Name OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 53 0 get_next java This class was modified from the original class so that it fits the requirement of returning the whole table instead of just one ID InfoPanel java GeneralPanel and ProcessTable extend this class to share data members TimeUtil java This Class is used to translate the Time from timeticks to Human Readable form MyApplet html This file calles the main Applet and passes the following three parameter to the Applet Hostname Port Community String 2 4 Completion Status Most of the project is finished the only part remaining in this project is to integrate the LmSensors table which shows the CPU Temperature CPU Fan speed etc This project is just the tip of iceburg there lies a lot of potential in the project to be extended this project has given a tough base to build a strong building upon it A lot of research has gone behind making it as generic as possible doing away with all the dependencies that could be done away though at the cost of a bit efficiency and ease of dev
7. class is invoked by the SystemDiskPanel class it recieves three parameters through its constructor The mount point Total disk Space Per centage Used and index which is internally used on its mouse click event The graph is a PieChart showing the mountpoint as its title the percentage used and the percentage free On click of this graph SystemDiskPanel pops up a frame showing the details about the partition such as Total GB Free GB Used GB DevicePath Should be free GB Should be Free 90 Used 95 SystemMemoryPanel java This class shows the following information about the system s memory Total Swap OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 3 0 Available Swap OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 4 0 Total Real OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 5 0 Available Real OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 6 0 Free Total Swap Real OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 11 0 Minimum Swap OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 12 0 Shared Memory OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 13 0 Buffered Memory OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 14 0 Cached Memory OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 4 15 0 CPUPanel java This is the only class which has another class nested inside it This class is responsible to show the following details about the System Stats Index OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 1 0 Swap In OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 2 0 Swap Out OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 3 0 IO Sent OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 4 0 IO Recieved OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 5 0 36 System Interrupts OID 1 3 6 1 4 1
8. html and change its permission to 777 read write execute everyone Copy java policy file to the home directory on the client side only if the snmp port is below 1024 edit MyApplet html and change the following three parameters to suite the require ments lt PARAM NAME HOSTNAME VALUE 192 168 50 2 gt lt PARAM NAME PORT VALUE 161 gt lt PARAM NAME COMMUNITY VALUE deeprw gt Now open any java enabled browser and type in the following URL http hostname console MyApplet html The installation process assumes that the host machine has either net snmp or ucd snmp configured and running 2 6 2 Maintenance The console is maintanence free it does not save any data on to the file or nither does it access any database 2 6 3 Troubleshooting If the applet does not show anything make sure that java policy file in the users home directory grants access to port 161 to everybody If it still does not show anything then check the parameters passed to the Applet in MyApplet html Make sure that the browser is Java Enabled browser For further troubleshooting enable the java console from the web browser If the console shows in Process tab that there are no processes configured for mon itoring check the snmpd conf m 2 6 4 User Manual The console has only four tabbed panes that show all the information directly to the user the only things that are hidden is the extensive partition
9. page to control notifications on a per service basis 1 7 20 Assets Asset information helps us keep track of information about our managed devices It can be used as search criteria and is very handy in troubleshooting when we need a phone number for a vendor or wish to document peculiar behavior for the next person that may access this information 1 7 21 Adding Asset information Use the search page to find the node we would like to add asset information to and click it Then click Asset Info Fill out whatever fields we think we need Click submit When entering asset information be very careful not to use any commas in any fields if we plan to export or import our data THERE IS CURRENTLY NO WAY TO ESCAPE COMMAS IN THE CURRENT VERSION 1 7 22 Search Nodes based on Asset Information Go to the search page or asset page and enter the criterium and search 1 7 23 Exporting Asset Information Exporting our asset information will give us a list of comma separated values The first line of which will be the field names and each subsequent line a device 1 7 24 Importing Asset Information This feature by itself is basically useless in it s current state The node id must match for each device and because of that this information can not be passed from one management station to another nor could it even be used across installations unless we remapped the node ids Information could be exported from a management station impo
10. 1 4 e CPU Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 11 e Process Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 e Load Average OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 10 1 e Interface Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 e LmSensors Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2021 14 The following individual Object IDs were Required to be displayed e System Description OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 1 0 e System Location OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 6 0 e System Up Time OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 3 0 e Contact Information OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 4 0 e Hostname OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 5 0 e System Services OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 7 0 2 2 Functional Specification The application is build to display the current status of the Server i e a brief information of things like the free space on mounted partitions load average the interface information etc 27 The following is a Class Diagram showing CPUPanel java 8 DiskGraph java java class java class javax awing JApplet Applet1 accessibleContext AccessibleContext f height int rootPane JRootPane T varbind String rootPaneCheckingEnabled boolean TT width int community String general GeneralPanel gn get next host String iface InterfacePanel j Menul JMenu JAppletO getAccessibleContext Q AccessibleContext getContentPane Q Container getGlassPane g Component jMenuBart JManuBar getlMenuBarO JMenuBar A getLayeredPane Q JLayeredPane x jTabbedPane1 dTabbedPane getRootPane O JRootP ane port int r
11. 17 1 6 2 Starting Tomcat 17 1 63 StartingOpenNMS e 17 1 64 StoppingOpenNMS oeon 18 1 65 Stopping Tomcat 18 1 66 Stopping PostgreSQL 18 1 7 Enn lt lt kon so uw kouw ER Oe p h W DRR E s qun oe Gee d 19 1 7 1 The Home Page 19 172 Outage table e ee ad RE RE 19 1 7 3 Availability asw AN eg koun kd e RE ORS CRS ERS kk ELSES 20 1 7 4 Performance and Notification 20 193 EVERIS 342 ba chee We RS eae heed DER GER DER ER S 20 1 7 6 Viewing Events 4 lt 2 6444 w kod w kow E e kob kk ie AD a 20 1 7 7 Managing EventS 20 1 78 OMAGES es SKEER bi BE EME EA tek DER tek t k 21 NENE 25h 24 GES e kid a ii 5 FESS FERED 21 1 7 10 Searching forNodes 21 1 7 11 Searching Asset Information 21 1 7 12 Reporting RED ko okt ki OEE CDR OE D ES 21 1 7 13 Performance ReportS 22 1 7 14 Custom Performance Reports 22 1 7 15 Availability Reports 22 1 7 16 Notifications 30 A YON ki E ki AA Me 22 1 7 17 Turning Notifications ON 22 1 7 18 Check and Acknowledge Notifications 23 1 7 19 Managing NotificationS 23 1 7 20
12. 5 13 libpam runtime libreadline4 gt 4 2a 4 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libncurses5 gt 5 2 20020112a 1 libssl0 9 6 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 python2 1 python gt 2 1 3 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb3 gt 3 2 9 16 libncurses5 gt 5 2 20020112a 1 libreadline4 gt 4 3 1 libssl0 9 6 zlib1g gt 1 1 1 4 x zlib1g gt 1 1 1 4 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 procps gt 1 2 0 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libncurses5 gt 5 2 20020112a 1 debianutils gt 1 13 1 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 x postgresal client libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libpam0g gt 0 72 1 libreadline4 gt 4 2a 4 libssl0 9 6 zlibig gt 1 1 1 4 libpgsql2 gt 7 2 3 adduser gt 3 34 perl base gt 5 6 0 passwd gt 961025 debconf libpgsql2 gt 7 2 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libssl0 9 6 libstdc 2 10 glibc2 2 gt 1 2 95 4 0 010810 OpenNMS also depends on DBI and DBD Pg perl modules that are used to communicate with postgreSQL These can be found at www cpan org 1 4 Configuring The configuration files of OpenNMS are stored in etc opennms directory The files are in xml format so they are easy to understand and configure The discovery xml snmp config xml and poller configuration xml files are more important as they have to be modified manually the rest of the files are taken care of by the OpenNMS web console 1 4 1 discovery xml The range of IP addresses are defined in
13. ASS ge Eg HE GMA DR AA ER konte Li Ed 23 1 7 21 Adding Asset information 23 1 7 22 Search Nodes based on Asset Information 23 1 7 23 Exporting Asset Information 23 1 7 24 Importing Asset Information 23 1 8 Advanced Configuration 24 1 8 1 Sending a notification on occurance ofanevent 24 182 Sending an ME de 24 1 8 3 Managing and Unmanaging Nodes and Services 25 1 8 4 Configuring Pollers 25 19 Troubleshooting no 23 BEE ORE EL AE EAST A TEE n di dl 26 Development of a Management Console 27 2 1 User Requirements 27 22 Functional Specification 27 2 3 System Implementation 34 23 1 Tools Used cur kone doute Bow w aaa kew Ed KERE oS wR Ce A 34 2 32 Source Code Organization 34 2 4 Completion Status 37 da ESRA sea ae bh ote Bo a gi Be a Dad RI ash k achu ash h AN RE a 38 25 1 Conclusion osea Heo sss a ata ke n a oeod q ko da Y t 39 26 UserManual _ _ _ DRR A Se oe we e A 39 26 1 Installation 0 RR A A A a A 39 2 6 2 Maintenance 39 2 6 3 Troubleshooting 39 264 User Manual
14. Network Management Console Virat Gohil Bachelor s Of Computer Applications Maharaja Sayajirao University Vadodara 15 05 2003 Summary This project is focussed on Network Management Systems Java and GNU Linux i e how a network is managed by the use of the latest technol ogy such as Java Management Extensions JMX and SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol The aim of the project was to review the products available in the market that are frequently used my Network Administrators around the world And then develop something similar to those to fit the requirement of DeepRoot Linux Pvt Ltd The new system should give a strong base for further developments Contents 1 Research on OpenNMS 5 1 1 About DeepRoot Linux Pvt Ltd 5 12 Description _ R on Rede li a A 5 1 3 Downloading and Installing 7 13 1 Dependencies 7 14 CONNGUIING RE EE EE teat EE ER ED pb ERS A a 11 14 1 discovery xml ociosos OS OD EOS kk dik N 11 1 4 2 poller configuration xml o o 11 14 3 snmp configxml 11 1 5 More on xml files 12 1 5 1 actiond configuration Xml 12 1 5 2 AvailabilityReports xsl SVGAvailReport xsl PDFAvailReport xsi 12 1 5 3 viewsdisplay xml 13 1 5 4 views Xml Re ede ee L VERRE VER
15. Packets Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 17 Out Discards Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 19 OutErrors Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 20 OutQueueLength OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 21 e ProcessTablePanel java This class shows the information regarding the pro cesses that are currently being monitored through snmpd conf li shows the fol lowing information about the process prindex Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 1 prName Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 2 prMin Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 3 prMax Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 4 prCount Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 5 errFlag Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 100 errMsg OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 101 prErrFixed OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 102 prErrFixCmd OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 2 1 103 e SensorPanel java This class integrates the information about the disk memory and cpu load e SystemDiskPanel java This class fetches the following information ans passes it to DiskGraph java Path Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 2 35 Total Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 6 Used Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 8 Device Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 3 Should be free KB OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 4 Should be free Yo OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 5 Percentage Used OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 2021 9 1 9 The Percentage Free is not fetched as it is calculated within the application to save Network Bandwidth DiskGraph java This
16. SystemDiskPanel String host int SystemDiskPanel getNo get next gn int jbinit void Class GraphActionListener 32 The following is a Class Diagram showing TimeUtil java java class java lang Object equals Object obj boolean getClass Class hashCode D int notify void java class TimeUtil a long b long c long d long e long f long g long TimeUtil long l TimeUtil TimeUtil var Timeutil 1 Timeutil long inti inti 2 inti 3 add TimeUtil var TimeUtil 8 1 Timeutil getDays long getHours long getMinutes long 33 2 3 System Implementation 2 3 1 Tools Used Oracle s JDeveloper was used as the Integrated Development Environment Westhawk University s implementation of SnmpStack was used as the SNMP APIs for Java Chart2D a Chart and Graph library from chart2d sourceforge net was used for displaying graphs Java Swing was used as main GUI Debian Woody 3 0 was used as the base Operating System net snmp tools were used as command line interface to SNMP J2SDK 1 4 1_01 was used as the default Java Runtime Environment Latex was used for Documentation 2 3 2 Source Code Organization All the classes are in the default package The Applet1 class file initializes the General Panel class InterfacePanel java SensorPanel class amp Process TablePanel class Java
17. T 13 15 5 capsd configuration Xml 13 1 5 6 controller configuration xml 13 1 5 7 service configuration xml 13 1 5 8 create sqldatabase schema xmi 13 1 5 9 datacollection configxml 13 1 5 10 notificationS XMI eee 14 1 5 11 destinationPathS xM 14 1 5 12 notificationCommands xml 14 1 5 13 discovery configuration xml 14 1 5 14 eventconf xml 15 1 5 15 eventd configuration xml 15 1 5 16 users Xmi groups xml 15 1 5 17 log4j properties _ eb ewe E DER wa w Aaa n 15 1 5 18 magic users properties 15 1 5 19 opennms database xml 15 1 5 20 opennms mapping xXmi 15 1 5 21 Opennms jms Xmi o o o ooo o 15 1 5 22 outage configuration xml 16 1 5 23 poller configuration xml oo 16 1 5 24 rrdtool graph properties 16 1 5 25 rtc configuration xml o o 16 1 5 26 snmp config xml an eS N ER ME N der n A 16 1 5 27 trapd configuration xml o 16 1 6 Starting 8 Stopping 17 1 6 1 Starting PostgreSQL
18. aultiayout FlowLayout JPanel LayoutManager layout Class AccessibleJPanel java class InfoPanel gn get next InfoPanel jblnit void java class ProcessTablePanel errfixcrnd String errfixed String errflag String errmsg Stringl gn get next hugepanel JPanel jScrollPane1 JScrollPane jTextArea1 JTextArea noofprocess int GeneralPanel String host int port prcount String GeneralPanel 0 jbinit void ProcessTablePanel String host int port String community ProcessTablePanel getNo get next anj int jblnit void q Class ProcessDetail 30 The following is a Class Diagram showing InterfacePanel java SensorPanel java and LoadPanel java java class javax swing JPanel defaultLayout FlowLayout JPanel LayoutManager layout Class AccessibleJPanel m y A java class java class java class InterfacePanel SensorPanel LoadPanel gn get next disklabel JLabel hugepanel JPanel jScroliPane1 JScrollPane ifadminstatus String jScrollPane2 JScrollPane ifcachevector vector j5crollPane3 JscrollPane ifdesc String memlabel JLabel ifenu Enumeration ifhaddr Stringl ifindex String ifinerrors String ifinoctets String ifinpackets String ifmtu Strindj ifopstatus String if
19. ble to connect the GSM instrument to the RS 232 port e Alamin Gateway a server and client for sending and recieving SMS Then modify our notificationCommands xml file to read lt command gt lt name gt mobilePhoneSMS lt name gt lt execute gt usr bin gsgc lt execute gt lt comment gt for sending GSM messages SMS lt comment gt argument streamed false gt lt substitution gt send lt substitution gt lt argument gt 24 argument streamed false gt lt switch gt np lt switch gt lt argument gt argument streamed false gt lt switch gt tm lt switch gt lt argument gt lt command gt 1 8 3 Managing and Unmanaging Nodes and Services It often happens that in a large network one requires to look for only a few services and nodes and wants to ignore the rest or ignore a few services and look after others in such cases OpenNMS can be customized to monitor only those services and nodes that are required to be monitored This can be done through the Admin gt Manage and Unmanage Interfaces and ser vices 1 8 4 Configuring Pollers Pollers can be configured to look for services that are important one can even add ones own customised poller these pollers look for services for the interfaces through their ports they first try to telnet to that port and check if the port responds or not if it does respond then the service is available on that interface 1 9 Troubleshooting e Whi
20. d like to report Next we need to select between 1 and 4 data sources to report on For each data source we can choose a title color line style and the type of value Finally choose a title for our graph as well as a time period to report on From this point selecting next should display a bookmarkable graph The complete address of this graph can be sent to another user via email or instant message 1 7 15 Availability Reports After selecting Reports from the main menu select Availability Report From this point simply select the type of report we would like to create and the category we would like to report on Pressing the Get Report button will open the requested report in a new browser window 1 7 16 Notifications Notifications Notify us of events 1 7 17 Turning Notifications on From the admin page select Notification Status ON then simply click Update Status This will turn notifications on off for the entire system en masse 22 1 7 18 Check and Acknowledge Notifications From the notifications page select the catagory that best describes the type of notifications in which we are interested From here we will get a list of notifications that we can browse through and acknowledge if needed Unacknowledged notifications will continue to escalate as perscribed until acknowledged 1 7 19 Managing Notifications From the admin page and click Turn On Off Notices by Service Follow instructions on this
21. discovery xml include range retries 2 timeout 3000 gt begin gt 192 168 0 1 lt begin gt lt end gt 192 168 0 254 lt end gt lt include range gt The begin and the end tag define the start and the end of the range of IP Addresses that the opennms will scan lt specific gt 192 168 50 3 s specific gt The above line is used when one wants to include a specific IP Address only e g a printer or a webserver outside a particular range that is already defined 1 4 2 poller configuration xml include range begin 192 168 0 1 end 192 1680 254 gt Changes in the include range tag are made to make sure that the pollers are aware of the range of IP Address 1 4 3 snmp config xml The parameters used to connect with SNMP agents are defined in the snmp config xml file Here is an example snmp config retry 3 timeout 800 read community public write community private gt definition version v2C gt lt specific gt 192 168 50 5 lt specific gt lt definition gt definition retry 4 timeout 2000 gt range begin 192 168 50 1 end 192 168 1 254 11 range begin 192 168 60 1 end 192 168 60 254 gt lt definition gt definition read community bubba write community zeke gt range begin 192 168 70 1 end 192 168 70 254 gt lt definition gt definition port 1161 gt lt specific gt 192 168 80 50 lt specific gt lt defin
22. e per category as well as thresh olds These values are used by various components of OpenNMS such as RTC the availability report generator and the web UI 1 5 5 capsd configuration xml This file defines capabilities services to be checked for on nodes discovered either by the discovery daemon or via SNMP It aslo specifies which addresses and address ranges that if discovered should be managed or unmanaged It also provides for a de fault state or management policy that covers addresses not specifically referenced SI lt capsd configuration rescan frequency 86400000 management policy unmanaged Finally we can set the rescan frequency which controls how often devices are res caned or rechecked for which services they provide This number specified in millisec onds is used to determine how often items should get rescanned The default value is 86400000 or 24hrs 1 5 6 controller configuration xml This file defines listeners for broadcast control JMS messages 1 5 7 service configuration xml This file defines opennms services to start This is VM specific and controls which ser vices are started in which VMS 1 5 8 create sql database schema xml The file create sdl is the template for creating OpenNMS database It is typically used by the install pl script during the install process The database schema xml defines the same database in xml format and is used by the filtering system to format database querie
23. elopment and making it portable across platforms 37 2 5 Testing The Console was extensively tested on different machines within the network as well as outside the network these machines were many a times different in configuration platform etc some had more partitions being monitored or some had multiple interfaces The console has been tested on the following Operating Systems e Debian Woody 3 0 net snmp e RedHat 8 0 ucd snmp e RedHat 9 0 ucd snmp e Knoppix 3 1 net snmp The console has been tested on the following hardware platforms e AMD Athelon 1800 e AMD K6 II e PI e Celeron Before selecting the external libraries to be used each of the libraries were tested and reviewed individually Some of the SNMP libraries that were tested are Active SNMP DynamicSNMP iReasoning Java Dynamic Management Toolkit Westhawk University s implementation of SnmpStack Koshna Net SnmpJ openjmx CmisJavaAPl tmx4j IBM Some of the Charting and Graphing Libraries that were tested are e JfreeChart e Chart2d e EasyCharts from object planet e Java chart construction kit jcck 2 5 1 Conclusion The console sometimes takes time to load on a slower client but it does not impact the server s performance The network bandwidth could be optimized further 2 6 User Manual 2 6 1 Installation Installation process of the console is pretty straight forward copy console directory to var www
24. emove Component comp void sensor SensorPanel setContentPane Container contentP ane setGlassP ane Component glassP ane void setUMenuBar JbenuBar menuBar void setLayeredPane JLayeredPane layeredP an setLayout LayoutManager manager void it Applet1 0 update Graphics g void init void addimpl Component comp Object constrai jblnitQ void createRootP ane Q JRootPane Class AccessibleJApplet java class java class javax aning JFrame DiskDetails EXIT ON CLOSE int device String accessibleContext AccessibleContext dskpath String rootPane JRootPane dskusedpercent String rootPaneCheckingEnabled boolean free float defaultCloseOperation int gbfree String gbmin String gbtotal String gbused String JFrame String title GraphicsConfiguration 4 jLabel1 JLabel JFrame O JFrame GraphicsConfiguration ge JFrame String title getAccessibleContext AccessibleContext getContentPane Container getDefaultCloseOperation Q int jblnit Q void Class AccessibleJFrame 28 DiskDetails String dskpath long total long used String The following is a Class Diagram showing InfoPanel java GeeneralPanel java amp ProcessTable java java class javax swing JPanel defaultLayout FlowLayout uiClassID Strin JPanel LayoutManager lay JPanel bo
25. en source platform OpenNMS was designed from the ground up to be a one for one replacement for HP s OpenView IBM s Tivoli CA s Unicenter and the like With that in mind the Open NMS team designed it as a network management tool complete with SNMP hooks and a system monitoring tool that can measure the availability of critical network services It also has a configurable event driven messaging subsystem that allows us to plug in event streams from other sources such as vulnerability information from Nessus tailed log files and proc based monitors And in good open source fashion OpenNMS is re leased under the terms of the GPL the product was designed to leverage preexisting tools where it made sense Therefore the SNMP performance data storage and graphing system uses RRDTool Round Robin Database the Web server JSP container servlet engine is Apache s Jakarta Tomcat and the underlying RDBMS is PostgreSQL Built from the ground up in Java the project has covered a lot of territory in a short period of time Version 0 4 was the first public release at the end of 2000 with 1 0 2 2 currently available and 2 0 slated for end of 2003 But enough about releases and as there will be many more 1 3 Downloading and Installing As the platform used was a Debian clone Debian Woody 3 0 to be more presise deb packages are used as installation files they are similar to rpm under RedHat clones The technique for installing is also a lot
26. equence is to be followed while Stopping OpenNMS 1 OpenNMS 2 Tomcat 3 postgreSQL 1 6 1 Starting PostgreSQL etc init d postgresal start 1 6 2 Starting Tomcat etc init d tomcat4 start OR usr share tomcat4 bin startup sh 1 6 3 Starting OpenNMS usr share opennms bin opennms sh start OR sbin service opennms start Now OpenNMS is up and running give it some time to initialize all its services and pollers then open a web browser and type the following URL for Debian clones http localhost 8180 opennms for others http localhost 8080 opennms This is because the Apache Tomcat 4 server on Debian runs at port 8180 A dialog box pops up asking for Username and Password admin is the username as well as the password 1 6 4 Stopping OpenNMS usr share opennms bin opennms sh stop OR sbin service opennms stop 1 6 5 Stopping Tomcat etc init d tomcat4 stop OR usr share tomcat4 bin shutdown sh 1 6 6 Stopping PostgreSQL etc init d postgresal stop If some other service or application is using Tomcat4 or PostgreSOL then it is recommended that they should be kept running 1 7 Exploring Now lets explore the OpenNMS Web console 1 7 1 The Home Page Ki OpenNMS Web Console Konqueror GELAS EESM GO ki RAS SL Ip Location id G Gooue Search Po Jo incomplete type admin Notices Off May 15 2003 6 42 PM Web Console Search Outages Events Notification
27. information and the details on System Stats Clicking the Pie Chart on the 4th tab shows the partition information and clicking on the CPU Stats on the 4th tab shows the System Stats 2 6 5 TODO e To incorporate LmSensors e Get rid of parameters in the main html file rather ask the user to enter the values at the runtime e Optimize bandwidth usage e Incorporate more graphs 2 7 My Experiences took this project as it had all the ingredients that would have wished for in any project i e Java GNU Linux and Network Initially the project seemed to be very challenging as had never explored SNMP but gradually with the help from my company sailed through have learnt a lot during this project for example had never been able to use Debian an operating system at its best also learnt SNMP RRD upto an extent and charting libraries for java Even though used only westhawk s implementation of snmpstack got to learn about other libraries such as iReasoning DynamicSNMP JDMK etc not only that while documentation learnt a whole new way of publishing LATEX The experience of going to Bangalore all by myself a place where nobody was fami lier was exagerating This project has given me a lot of confidence on personal fronts met many many people most of them are now my friends infact now have a whole new family a huge family Working with people like Abhas Nimit Naren Kiran Rizvan Sushmita Narayan
28. ions for certain functions that interact with the web UI 1 5 19 opennms database xml This file defines database type name authentication and mapping template to use for OpenNMS 1 5 20 opennms mapping xml This file is empty but required by DTD for opennms database xm 1 5 21 opennms jms xml This file defines properties for OpenJMS 15 1 5 22 outage configuration xml This file simply defines number of writer threads allowed by the outage manager 1 5 23 poller configuration xml This file is used to define packages as well as set up the various pollers A package includes several items such as address ranges services outage calendars and down time models 1 5 24 rrdtool graph properties This file is used to define RRD configurations for generating reports 1 5 25 rtc configuration xml This file defines properties for RTC Real Time Console such as the rolling window used to calculate percentages of down time web UI refresh interval and how often RTC sends updates to the web interface 1 5 26 snmp config xml This file is used to define community strings for addresses or address ranges one snmp config entry per community 1 5 27 trapd configuration xml This file defines the SNMP trap port 1 6 Starting 8 Stopping Define JAVA HOME environment variable JAVA HOME usr j28dk1 4 The following sequence is to be followed while starting OpenNMS 1 postgreSQL 2 Tomcat 3 OpenNMS The following s
29. ition gt lt snmp contig gt The attributes for the snmp config tag are as follows e retry The number of attempts that will be made to connect to the SNMP agent e timeout The amount of time in milliseconds that OpenNMS will wait for a response from the agent e read community The default read community string for SNMP queries e write community The default write community string for SNMP queries Note that this is for future development OpenNMS does not perform SNMP sets at the moment All of the global parameters can be overridden with definition tags These new SNMP definitions can apply to ranges or specific IP addresses In addition there are two other attributes available e port This overrides the default port of 161 e version Here we can force either SNMP version 1 v1 or version 2c v2c 1 5 More on xmi files 1 5 1 actiond configuration xml Actions are external programs called based on events This file controls the number of concurrent actions allowed as well as a time out for waiting on a return 1 5 2 AvailabilityReports xsl SVGAvailReport xsl PDFAvailReport xsl These 3 files contain information for converting availability reports to PDF format 12 1 5 3 viewsdisplay xml This file defines layout of categories for display in the web UI The actual categories are defined in the views xml file 1 5 4 views xml This file defines view categories and services to includ
30. le Installing opennms it says something like DBI or DBD Pg not found The solution to this problem is to install the DBI and DBD Pg perl modules These modules are available at www cpan org e Installating the perl modules Download the DBI 1 32 tar gz and DBD Pg 1 21 tar gz extract them into a directory change into that directory and run the following commands perl Makefile PL make make test make install 25 e mail process hangs or goes into sleeping mode and there are too many mail pro cess in sleep mode Downgrade from J2SDK 1 4 1 03 to 1 4 1 02 or 1 4 1 01 this bug in not in the mail transport agent but java mail APIs of J2SDK 1 4 1_03 1 10 Tips e If you used apt get tool for installing opennms then remember to take a backup of deb packages in var cache apt archieves e Also backup the Debianized form of the j2sak bin file e Save these files in case you need to reinstall opennms or port it to other machine e The best way to learn OpenNMS is to subscribe the discuss list at http www opennms org user 26 2 Development of a Management Console The complicated configuration system and the System requirement of OpenNMS lead to the decision to develop a Management Console that would fit the requirement of easily configurable and low on system resources on the server side 2 1 User Requirements The following is a a list of Object IDs whose tables were Required e Memory Table OID 1 3 6 1 4 1 202
31. olean isDoubleBi Class AccessibleJPanel A java class java class CpuPanel DiskGraph comm String chart2D PieChart2D cpuenu Enumeration chart2DProps Chart2DProperties cpuidle String dataset Dataset cpuindex String free long cpurawidle String index int Cpurawnice String legendLabels String cpurawsystem String legendProps LegendProperties Cpurawuser String multiColorsProps MultiColorsProperties cpusystem String object2DProps Object2DProperties Cpuuser String path String Cpuvb varbind pieChart2DProps PieChart2DProperties Cpuvector Vector total long errname String used long gn get next host String iorecieved String DiskGraph String path long total long used int ind josent String getFree long jLabel1 JLabel A getindex int CpuPanel String host int port String comm 9etPath string jbinit void getTotal long getUsed long jblnit void Y Class CpuMouseListener Y Class CpuDetail 29 The following is a Class Diagram java class GeneralPanel borderLayout1 BorderLayout gn get next gncachevector vector gnenu Enumeration gnstore varbind hostname String jLabel1 JLabel jLabel10 JLabel showing DiskDeetails java 8 Applet1 java java class javax swing JPanel def
32. outdiscards String ifouterrors String ifoutoctets String ifoutpackets String SensorPanel String host int port ifoutqlen String SensorPanel ifspeed String jblnit void iftype String ifyb varbind LoadPanel jblnit void jscrollPane1 JscrollPane noofif int InterfacePanel InterfacePanel String host int port getNo get nextan int jblnit void Y Class IfTable 31 The following is a Class Diagram showing SystemCPUPanel java SystemDiskPanel java SystemMemoryPanel java java class javax swing JPanel defaultLayout FlowLayout UIClassID String JPanel LayoutManager layout JPanel boolean isDoubleBuffered Class AccessibleJPanel java Class java class java class SystemCPUPanel SystemDiskPanel SystemMemoryPanel gn get next dskdevice String gn get next dskmin longi jLabel1 JLabel dskpaths Spring jLabel10 JLabel dskpermar String jLabel11 JLabel dskperused String jLabel12 JLabel dsktotal long jLabel13 JLabel dskused long jLabel14 JLabel enu Enumeration jLabel15 JLabel gn get next jLabel16 JLabel noofpartitions int sdpcachevector Vector vb varbind SystemMemoryPanel String he jblnit void SystemCPUPanel String host int p jblnit void
33. rted into a spread sheet then modified exported back to a comma separated list and then re imported back into the same management station from which it was initially 23 exported Or alternately the exported list could be modified by an external script and then re imported if for instance we would need to duplicate information such as addresses for a large number of devices Note that when re importing information the field names the first line should be left out That is if we export and save the resultant csv file pasting this file in the import field would cause an error in the first line The field names are only there for the sake of another spreadsheet database program that could read them as field names 1 8 Advanced Configuration 1 8 1 Sending a notification on occurance of an event For this purpose the email address in the destination path of the user has to be defined from the admin gt configure notifications gt configure destination paths page Then the event notifications are configured through admin configure notifications gt configure event notifications page Here the destination path for the events can be specified individually so it makes it easy to send particular events to different people or group of people according to ones needs Remember to configure the MTA Mail Transport Agent first 1 8 2 Sending an SMS The following things are reguired to send an SMS e A GSM Instrument e A Data ca
34. s 1 5 9 datacollection config xml This file contains data collection information for RRDTool 1 5 10 notifications xml This file defines which events or UEls warrant notification and a destination path for said notification lt notification name nodeAdded gt lt uel gt lt CDATA http uei opennms org products bluebird nodes nodeAdded gt lt uei gt lt rule gt lt CDATA IPADDR IPLIKE gt lt rule gt lt destinationPath gt Email Network Systems lt destinationPath gt lt text message gt OpenNMS has discovered a new node named lt subject gt lt notification gt 1 5 11 destinationPaths xml This file contains definitions for destination paths ie whom to notify and by what method either pager email or email pager 1 5 12 notificationCommands xml This file defines how to accomplish various contact methods defined in destination Paths xml This would include the location of executable and aliases for each type of contact along with any other information needed to send information of the specific type lt command type email gt lt name gt bin mail lt name gt lt lookup gt email lt lookup gt lt lookup gt mail lt lookup gt lt comment gt for sending email notifications lt comment gt argument streamed false lt substitution gt s lt substitution gt lt switch gt subject lt switch gt lt argument gt argument streamed false switch emailx switch lt argument gt
35. s Naming conventions are followed everywhere i e Class name Method name etc except the variable names wherever possible the variable names are all in small letters The following is the list of Source files that are either developed from scratch or ex tending third party libraries e Applet1 java This is the first file that is initiated as soon as the console is called e GeneralPanel java This class is responsible for showing the following details Hostname OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 5 0 System Description OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 1 0 System Location OID 1 3 6 2 1 1 6 0 System Up Time OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 3 0 Contact Information OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 4 0 System Services OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 1 7 0 e InterfacePanel java This class shows the information about any interfaces config ured into the system It shows the following information about each interface Index Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 4 1 Description Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 2 Type Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 Maximum Transfer Unit Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 4 Speed Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 5 Hardware Address TableOID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 6 Admin Status Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 7 Oprational Status Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 8 InOctets Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 10 InPackets Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 11 InErrors TableOID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 14 OutOctets Table OID 1 3 6 1 2 1 2 2 1 16 Out
36. sed on threshold values set by the administrator when the system was installed 1 7 4 Performance and Notification On the right side of the display there are links to notifications and a portal to performance graphs This section is used to create graphs from data collected via SNMP 1 7 5 Events When an event occurs on the management station it is stored in the database These entries can be viewed on the events page which is accessed by clicking Events on the menu bar near the top of the main page 1 7 6 Viewing Events From this page start by choosing the type of events to view Options are outstanding events events that have not yet been acknowledged and acknowledged events After selecting the type of events an unfiltered list of events is presented in a table format Each event has been assigned a severity and is colored appropriately The legend can be viewed by pressing the button labeled Severity Legend More information about any event can be reached by clicking on the link in the ID column 1 7 7 Managing Events From the main Events page there is a link to acknowledge or unacknowledge all events In addition filters can be applied to the event list by clicking on the or next to the item Clicking the will exclude any item where the specific field that matches that value Clicking the will exclude any item that does not match that value for the specific field 20
37. similar download the deb file and run dpkg i deb filename and the software is ready to run The other tool for downloading and installing is apt get apt get is an installation tool which downloads the packages as well as any of its dependencies that are not installed in the current system It then installs the dependencies first later the main package This makes it a lot easier to install applications like OpenNMS where a software depend on a lot of other packages The first method of searching and downloading the deb packages one by one was chosen Most of the packegs could be found with the debian distribution but some like J2SDK Tomcat 4 0 and ofcourse OpenNMS have to be downloaded After downloading all the necessary dependencies start installing the packages one by one As Sun s new policy does not allow others to distribute Java VM or J2SDK The bin file from sun java com was downloaded and then converted into deb so the OpenNMS can identify with it and then install J2SDK 1 4 Finally the OpenNMS deb package was installed 1 3 1 Dependencies The following is Dependency tree for OpenNMS upto three levels e OpenNMS librrdO gt 1 0 10 1 x libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb1 compat x libgd gif1 libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 zlib1g gt 1 1 1 4 libpng2 gt 1 0 12 libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 zlib1g gt 1 1 1 4 Peri x perl base 5 6 1 7 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 perl modules gt 5 6 1 7 perl g
38. t 5 6 1 1 x libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb1 compat x libdb2 gt 2 2 7 7 4 libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 libgdbm1 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 J2sdk1 4 or java2 runtime libc6 gt 2 3 1 1 libdb1 compat xlibs gt 4 1 0 xfree86 common gt 4 2 libc6 gt 2 3 1 1 libfreetype6 gt 2 1 3 1 java common Mailx x libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 libdb1 compat x liblockfile1 gt 1 0 mail transport agent Exim was used as the mail transport agent base files gt 2 2 0 awk base passwd gt 2 0 3 4 Metamail libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb1 compat x libncurses5 gt 5 2 20020112a 1 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 RRDTool libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb1 compat x libgd gif1 libpng2 gt 1 0 12 libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 Zlibig gt 1 1 1 4 librrd0 gt 1 0 10 1 libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libgd gif1 libpng2 gt 1 0 12 Tomcat4 java2 runtime j2sdk1 3 java virtual machine dummy J2SDK 1 4 0 03 0 was used libc6 gt 2 3 1 1 xlibs gt 4 1 0 java common libtomcat4 java java common libxerces2 java libservlet2 3 java libregexp java x logrotate libc6 gt 2 2 5 13 libpopt0 gt 1 6 4 cron gt 3 0pli 53 or anacron base passwd gt 2 0 3 4 adduser gt 3 34 perl base gt 5 6 0 passwd gt 961025 debconf PostgreSQL 7 1 or above x libc6 gt 2 2 4 4 libdb1 compat libpam0g gt 0 72 1 libc6 gt 2 2
39. ted based on that information Searches can be initiated based on category information in any given field or again there is a link to all nodes containing asset information If no asset information has been entered for the devices these searches will not return any matches 1 7 12 Reporting Access the main reporting page by clicking reporting in the main menu From this point there are 3 options performance reports custom performance reports and availability reports In this section we will look at each type of report and how to generate and interpret the graphs and information provided 21 1 7 13 Performance Reports Clicking on Performance Reports will display a list of options for generating the standard performance reports In the leftmost select box choose an interface to generate a report on Select any one SNMP capable interface Next choose what information to report on Select any number of options in the second column Select at least one option in each of the first 2 columns Lastly choose the timeframe to report on After selecting the options press the Submit button to be taken to a bookmarkable page containing the resulting reports 1 7 14 Custom Performance Reports After selecting Reports from the main menu select Custom Performance Report At this point we will be guided through a series of questions about the report we would like to create First choose the interface on which we woul
40. www visualmining com http www iReasoning com http net snmp sourceforge net http netsnmpj sourceforge net http www adventnet com http ei cs vt edu http www noao edu noaoprop help sample html http www opennms org users discuss http www net snmp org http www monfox com http java sun com http www ibm com developerWorks Developer IQ Magazine Linux For You Magazine de http www cpan org http www oracle com http www google com http www koshna com http www net policy com http www zdnet com 43 4 Acknoledgements Firstly would like to thank my family for encouraging me to go to Bangalore in order to persue this project l would like to thank people from DeepRoot Linux Pvt Ltd Abhas Abhinav Kiran A N Rizvan Khan Nimit Gupta Naren Saurav Sushmita Prakash Narayan l would also like to thank Nilesh Vaghela to inspire me to learn GNU Linux Manish Lakhani for helping me with my networking fundamentals Ujval Trivedi for teaching me Java All the faculty members from BCA specially Mr Rana Mukhopadhyay Special thanks to Jai Thakkar Amit Kiran Sudeep Manoj Anil Pradeep Satish Raghu Mr S Ananth Venkatesh and members of his family 44
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