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20-101-0404 Datasheet

1. Top Side Bottom Side 10 OTT M p SERBO Q etm OR R15 ET T sol O mm o of a13 RI6jp2 JO O PA AB oom al PI oo A jie 8 AG o 0 jasR28 jla C11 PAO O Pa fe sloop ni n R27 pas O O pa at azlo Ola a c10 reo O O Pai ey 4010 O kar RS TU c12 c13 o O Fey O 35 Peo ole T914 u oops Pelo ojca C6 sd O O Par CTD Pe4 Pes oo Tui A Peel O O Pe7 u10 O b7jO O jpe ow Pod O ofo Ao a os O O fps P02 O O JPD3 H in ns O O p2 Qo PD4 O O PDS uu H O O po E Pog O O Po7 ZI rerjO O ped woo vec amp amp g 8 Pes O O w O O pam Fae c1 Pes O O Ped smo O O jsmi aaa pei O O Peo resd O O est DIRE O O fo vec O feno 0 O pre to 175 0201 Parallel Port C Input Pullup Resistors Figure 6 Locations of Digital Input Pullup Resistors NOTE All the digital input pullup resistors are located on the bottom side of RCM2000 boards marked 175 0168 PB2 PBS can instead be used for t
2. Bo A11 GND Bo oo A9 PAO oa oo AT PA2 oo oo A5 PA4 oo oo A3 PA6 oo oo AI PBO oo oo STATUS PB2 oo oo PC1 PB4 Do o o PC3 PB6 Do sa PC5 PCLK oo Do PC7 D7 oo o o0 PD1 D5 oo o 0 PD3 D3 Do o 0 PD5 D1 oo o o0 PD7 PET ou oo VCC PES ou o o0 VRAM PE3 Bead oo SMODE1 PEI n a o 0 RES_IN JIOWR mepa Do GND IBUFEN ti U Note These are the pinouts as seen on the Bottom Side of the RCM2000 VCC PA1 PA3 PAS PAT PBI PB3 PBS PB7 GND D6 D4 D2 DO PEG PE4 PE2 PEO ORD DO Figure 5 RCM2000 Pinout 24 RabbitCore RCM2000 The ports on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor used in the RCM2000 are configurable and so the factory defaults can be reconfigured Table 2 lists the Rabbit 2000 factory defaults and the alternate configurations Table 2 RCM2000 Pinout Configurations Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes 1 20 GND 2 VCC Slave port data bus 3 10 PA 0 7 Parallel I O SDO SD7 11 PBO Input Serial port clock CLKB CLKA is connected to 12 PB1 Input Serial port clock CLKA programming port header J3 pin 3 13 PB2 Input Slave port write SWR 14 PB3 Input Slave port read SRD 15 PB4 Input SAO Slave port addr
3. JI Vcc i m D2 7805 zz e Raw p DCIN il u b k 1N5819 c2 a 2 01 100 nF Figure B 3 Prototyping Board Power Supply Capacitor C1 provides surge current protection for the voltage regulator and allows the external power supply to be located some distance away User s Manual 57 B 4 Using the Prototyping Board The Prototyping Board is actually both a demonstration board and a prototyping board As a demonstration board it can be used to demonstrate the functionality of the RCM2000 right out of the box without any modifications to either board There are no jumpers or dip switches to configure or misconfigure on the Prototyping Board so that the initial setup is very straightforward The Prototyping Board comes with the basic components necessary to demonstrate the operation of the RCM2000 Two LEDs DS2 and DS3 are connected to PAO and PA1 and two switches S2 and S3 are connected to PB2 and PB3 to demonstrate the interface to the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor Reset switch S1 is the hardware reset for the RCM2000 To maximize the availability of RCM2000 resources the demonstration hardware LEDs and switches on the Prototyping Board may be disconnected This is done by cutting the traces below the silk screen outline of header JP1 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board Figure B 4 shows the four places where cuts should be made An exacto knife would work nicely to cut the tra
4. DO DBO DI DBI 2x20 LCD RCM2000 2x20 LCD Prototvping Board D2 DB2 DBO DB7 D7 DO are pins 21 28 DRO DB7 D3 DB 3 on header J2 D4 DB4 A1 A0 are pins 12 13 on header J4 D5 DB5 HEADER J2 36 38 37 35 D6 DB6 IPEO IOR IOW PE1 D7 DB7 E E AO RS Register Select 0 command data A1 R W 0 write 1 read E normally low latches on high to low transition e SWTEST C demonstrates the use of pushbutton switches S2 and S3 to toggle LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board on and off Parallel Port A bit 0 LED DS2 Parallel Port A bit 1 LED DS3 Parallel Port B bit 2 switch S2 Parallel Port B bit 3 switch S3 e TOGGLELED C demonstrates the use of costatements to detect switch presses using the press and release method of debouncing As soon as the sample program starts run ning LED DS3 on the Prototyping Board which is controlled by PA1 starts flashing once per second Press switch S2 on the Prototyping Board which is connected to PB2 to toggle LED DS2 on the Prototyping Board which is controlled by PAO The push button switch is debounced by the software 20 RabbitCore RCM2000 3 1 3 Serial Communication The following sample programs can be found in the SAMPLES RCM2000 folder Two sample programs CORE_FLOW CONTROL C and CORE PARITY C are available to illustrate RS 232 communication To run these sam
5. m x x je a o zZ a gt O o iva a o Q o N e x BENI O O wpo fo 0000000080000 z LI Do 000000000000 000000000000 0000 It eee al FI LI E m il 2 RCM2000 Through Hole Vccand GND SMT Prototyping Extension Headers Prototvping Area Buses Area Figure B 1 RCM2000 Prototvping Board 54 RabbitCore RCM2000 d Layout imensions an B 2 Mechanical D Figure B 2 shows the mechanical dimensions and layout for the RCM2000 Prototyping Board Samo N30 O O O orlo o Moro 0000 00000000000 ajoo 0 00 0000000000000 4 00 IA 0 00 0000000000000 doop 000 0000000000000 94 00 34 OO 00 000000000000 spo lla 0000 000000000000 00 fi 000 0000000000000 jooj 0000000000000000 9100 4 0000000000000000 Molo 0 pid 0000 00000000000 484 00 194 0 00 0000000000000 384100 FA 0 000 000000000000 8d 00 840 000000000000 184100 Id 000000000000 woop 0000000000 o o o WIAQQJPHOOOOOOOOO o O GHVOS ONITALOLOHd 000ZWO o o e Q 9 fe gt O VdIO 0 rd 0000000000 WwdOO lv 0000000000 9Alonfit0 000000000 S o o o o o oo oo oo oo oo mmensions Figure B 2 RCM2000 Prototyping Board D 55 User s Manual Table B 1 lists the electrical mechanical and environmental specifications for the
6. suas Factory Header Description Pins Connected Default 1 2 128K 256K RCM2010 JP1 SRAM Size 2 3 512K RCM2000 1 2 128K 256K x JP2 Flash Memory Size 2 3 512K 1 2 Normal Mode x JP3 Flash Memory Bank Select 2 3 Bank Mode NOTE The jumper connections are made using 0 Q surface mounted resistors User s Manual 52 RabbitCore RCM2000 APPENDIX B PROTOTYPING BOARD Appendix B describes the features and accessories of the Proto typing Board and explains the use of the Prototyping Board to demonstrate the RCM2000 and to build prototypes of your own circuits User s Manual 53 B 1 Overview of the Prototyping Board The Prototyping Board included in the Development Kit makes it easy to connect an RCM2000 module to a power supply and a PC workstation for development It also pro vides an array of basic I O peripherals switches and LEDs as well as a prototyping area for more advanced hardware development For the most basic level of evaluation and development the Prototyping Board can be used without modification As you progress to more sophisticated experimentation and hardware development modi fications and additions can be made to the board without modifying or damaging the RCM2000 itself The Prototyping Board is shown in Figure B 1 below with its main features identified RCM2000 Voltage Power Input Power Connectors Regulator p LED
7. SP483EN Figure D 1 Sample RS 232 and RS 485 Circuits Sample Program PUTS C in SAMPLES SERIAL 68 RabbitCore RCM2000 D 2 Keypad and LCD Connections RCM2000 Core Module 10 KQ resistors J1 PBO PB2 PB3 PB4 PBS Figure D 2 Sample Kevpad Connections Sample Program KEYLCD C in SAMPLES COREMODULE 2x20 LCD Rabbit 2000 ii Core Module VLG vcc J1 ICS Figure D 3 Sample LCD Connections Sample Program KEYLCD C in SAMPLES COREMODULE User s Manual 69 D 3 LCD Connections 2x20 LCD 2x20 LCD RCM2000 Core Module D0 D7 DB0 DB7 IPEO IOR IOW PE1 a Dp ho pn G Figure D 4 Sample LCD Connections Sample Program LCD DEMO C in SAMPLES COREMODULE The shaded part of the circuit in Figure D 4 can be used to drive a second LCD but addi tional software not included in LCD DEMO C will have to be written 70 RabbitCore RCM2000 D 4 External Memory The sample circuit can be used with an external 64 Kbit memory device Larger SRAMs can be written to using this scheme by using other available Rabbit 2000 ports parallel ports A to E as address lines Rabbit 2000 Core Module A0 A12 Figure D 5 Sample External Memory Connections Sample Program EXTSRAM C in SAMPLES COREMODULE User s Manual 71 D 5 Simple
8. 45 headers iscritti 45 Prototyping Board 56 Rabbit 2000 DC characteris DOE re riser 48 Rabbit 2000 timing dia pea AM iti 47 relative pin 1 locations 45 spectrum spreader 33 subsystems digital inputs and outputs 23 T technical support 10 troubleshooting changing COM port 9 CONNECTIONS ce 9 U USB serial port converter 7 Dynamic C settings 9 user block function calls readUserBlock 34 writeUserBlock 34 74 RabbitCore RCM2000 SCHEMATICS 090 0097 RCM2000 Schematic www rabbit com documentation schemat 090 0097 pdf 090 0099 RCM2000 Prototyping Board Schematic www rabbit com documentation schemat 090 0099 pdf 090 0128 Programming Cable Schematic www rabbit com documentation schemat 090 0128 pdf You may use the URL information provided above to access the latest schematics directly User s Manual 75 Mouser Electronics Authorized Distributor Click to View Pricing Inventory Delivery amp Lifecycle Information Rabbit Semiconductor 20 101 0404 20 101 0405
9. end while lt E oromatn End of the endless loop Note See the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual Software Chapter for details on the routines that read and write I O ports Figure 3 Sample Program FLASHLED C To run the program FLASHLED C open it with the File menu if it is not already open then compile and run it by pressing F9 or by selecting Run in the Run menu The LED on the Prototyping Board should start flashing if everything went well If this doesn t work review the following points e The target should be ready which is indicated by the message BIOS successfully com piled If you did not receive this message or you get a communication error recom pile the BIOS by typing lt Ctrl Y gt or select Recompile BIOS from the Compile menu 12 RabbitCore RCM2000 e A message reports No Rabbit Processor Detected in cases where the RCM2000 and the Prototyping Board are not connected together the wall transformer is not con nected or is not plugged in The red power LED lights whenever power is connected e The programming cable must be connected to the RCM2000 The colored wire on the programming cable is closest to pin 1 on header J3 on the RCM2000 as shown in Figure 2 The other end of the programming cable must be connected to the PC serial port The COM port specified in the Dynamic C Options menu must be the same as the one the programming cable is connected to e To chec
10. RabbitCore RCM2000 C Programmable Module User s Manual 019 0077 090417 K RabbitCore RCM2000 User s Manual Part Number 019 0077 090417 K Printed in U S A 2001 2009 Digi International Inc All rights reserved No part of the contents of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the express written permission of Digi International Permission is granted to make one or more copies as long as the copyright page contained therein is included These copies of the manuals may not be let or sold for any reason without the express written permission of Digi International Digi International reserves the right to make changes and improvements to its products without providing notice Trademarks Rabbit and Dynamic C are registered trademarks of Digi International Inc Rabbit 2000 and RabbitCore are trademarks of Digi International Inc The latest revision of this manual is available on the Rabbit Web site www rabbit com for free unregistered download Digi International Inc www rabbit com RabbitCore RCM2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction 1 IIL Featutes lola Lia RE anaes ieee 1 1 2 Advantages of Using the RCM2000 enenenennnnnnnnnsnr rninn tan asmn ntnn pan nnnnnntnnnznnzennnrttnzznnnnnnn 2 1 3 Development and Evaluation Tools 0 0 ceceecesscesceceseeessececeeceeceeneceeeesaeceaceceeeeeseceneesaecesaeceeeenaeeeneeeeee 3 Sob Development
11. Communications menu Select a slower Max download baud rate If a program compiles and loads but then loses target communication before you can begin debugging it is possible that your PC cannot handle the default debugging baud rate Try lowering the debugging baud rate as follows e Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options gt Project Options gt Communications menu Choose a lower debug baud rate User s Manual 9 2 3 Where Do I Go From Here If everything appears to be working we recommend the following sequence of action 1 Run all of the sample programs described in Chapter 3 to get a basic familiarity with Dynamic C and the RCM2000 s capabilities 2 For further development refer to the RabbitCore RCM2000 User s Manual for details of the module s hardware and software components A documentation icon should have been installed on your workstation s desktop click on it to reach the documentation menu You can create a new desktop icon that points to default htm in the docs folder in the Dynamic C installation folder 3 For advanced development topics refer to the Dynamic C User s Manual also in the online documentation set 2 3 1 Technical Support NOTE If you purchased your RCM2000 through a distributor or through a Rabbit partner contact the distributor or partner first for technical support e Use the Dynamic C Help menu to get further assistance with Dynamic C e Check the Rab
12. PAS 5 PA4 A5 o 9 A6 PA7 PA6 A3 o 9 A4 PB1 0 PBO A1 o 5 A2 PB3 1 PB2 STATUS AO PB5 5 0 PB4 PC1 9 5 PCO PB7 2 PB6 PC3 n PC2 GND 2 9 PCLK PC5 0 0 PC4 D6 9 0 D7 PC7 9 5 PC6 D4 D5 PD1 9 PDO D2 7 2 D3 PD3 9 PD2 DOE PJD1 PD5 9 PD4 PE6 PE7 PD7 PD6 PE4 SJPES VCC GND PE2 PE3 VRAM 7 VBAT PEO PE1 SMODE1 2 SMODEO NORD E IOWR IRES_IN 5 RES_OUT NDO _ BUFEN GND 2 2 VCC Figure B 5 RCM2000 Prototyping Board Pinout Top View User s Manual 59 A pair of small holes capable of holding 30 AWG wire appears to the side of each hole pair at locations J2 and J4 for convenience of point to point wiring when headers are installed The signals are those of the adjacent pairs of holes at J2 and J4 These small holes are also provided for the components that may be installed below location J4 There is an additional 2 x 3 of through hole prototyping space available on the Prototyp ing Board VCC and GND traces run along the edge of the Prototyping Board for easy access A GND pad is also provided at the lower right for alligator clips or probes 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 o o o o o o o o o 00000000000000 000000000000000 0000000000000000 00000000000000000 00000000000000000 ooo ooo ooo ooo oo
13. cally for RCM2000 modules that carry the IQAT or higher marking when used with Dynamic C 7 30 or later versions but the spectrum spreader may also be turned off or set to a stronger setting The means for doing so is through a simple configuration macro as shown below 1 Select the Defines tab from the Dynamic C Options gt Project Options menu 2 Normal spreading is the default and usually no entry is needed If you need to specify normal spreading add the line ENABLE_SPREADER 1 For strong spreading add the line ENABLE_SPREADER 2 To disable the spectrum spreader add the line ENABLE_SPREADER 0 NOTE The strong spectrum spreading setting is usually not necessary for the RCM2000 3 Click OK to save the macro The spectrum spreader will now remain off whenever you are in the project file where you defined the macro There is no spectrum spreader functionality for RCM2000 RabbitCore modules that have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor labeled IQIT IQ2T or IQ3T or when using any RCM2000 with a version of Dynamic C prior to 7 30 User s Manual 33 4 6 Memory 4 6 1 SRAM The RCM2000 is designed to accept 32K to 512K of SRAM packaged in an SOIC case 4 6 2 Flash EPROM The RCM2000 is also designed to accept 128K to 512K of flash EPROM packaged in a TSOP case NOTE Rabbit recommends that any customer applications should not be constrained by the sector size of the flash EPROM since it may be necessary to change the sector
14. D A Converter The output will initially be 0 V to 10 05 V after the first inverting op amp and 0 V to 10 05 V after the second inverting op amp All lows produce 0 V out FF produces 10 V out The output can be scaled by changing the feedback resistors on the op amps For example changing 5 11 kQ to 2 5 kQ will produce an output from 0 V to 5 V first stage and 0 V to 5 V second stage Op amps with a very low input offset voltage are recom mended CTO CT7 MESI2N V lt 12V Figure D 6 Sample D A Converter Connections A sample program is not available at this time 72 RabbitCore RCM2000 A telephone based technical pinout NN A l SUPPOTt ii 40 Prototyping Board 59 additional information upgrades and patches 40 RCM2000 siii 24 online documentation 4 USB port settings 9 alternate configurations Bs act 25 26 E power supplies battery backup EMI RR 63 battery ife cerca SPeetrum spreader feature 33 RAMEY packup on 99 08 bus loading L 46 SACHIN ZONE panini ki l Fili power supplv C F connections 8 programming cable clock doubler 32 features BARRA A en 1 PROG connector 30 conformal coating 50 Prototyping Board 54 RCM2000 connections 7 flash memory addresses programming port 29
15. EEEE E EEn AEE E ROR OA oT 5 3 Serial Comm nication Driver Ssss A aL e DA Upgrading Dynamic C seson aaa E E E R E Did EXITS so rail LA E ile OA Ses Ra ee Appendix A Specifications A 1 Electrical and Mechanical Specifications cseceseceeceseeeeceeceaeeseecaeesaecaecsaeesecseeseeneseeeeas AS A R SHOALS ii ea b at tA E LA IA A 2 Bus Loading cin OR rire ri A 3 Rabbit 2000 DE Chara tetisti s 3 333 sits ei A ESB BE PSD e EES A 4 T O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit i A 5 Conformal Coating lt iba sine u da Pi i Sp ba ddd tices ea dao Lisa fii A16 Jumper Configurations l 3 ssir iet e B bia Appendix B Prototvping Board B 1 Overview of the Prototyping Board mnn nn nnnnnsnnnn nn nn snin ns nn san nn B 2 Mechanical Dimensions and Layout sms ii B 3 Power Supply ss sacello ta bit b AND ave seas B 4 Using the Prototyping Board ii ARG ALA RA ateo B 4 1 Adding Other Components cinei einser e oneei ae sr tn EEE nanna Eee EE E EEEE s Appendix C Power Management C l PowersSupples purche alain AEE R EE C 1 1 Batteries and External Battery Connections ie C 1 2Battery Backup Circuit adi Pala iti C 1 3 Power to VRAM SWITCh cc iii arie G 1 4 Res t Generator rs oree erea eni alla nie ie alii C hip Select Cir CUM bess cina a aaa fe a ii N Appendix D Sample Circuits D 1 RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication cee ceseeseceeceeeceeeeeeseeseseseaee
16. Gitai 3 1 32 Development Kit Contents seisseen ire i ala 3 1 3 3 Development Software nn nn nn ear ern rr tn H HA Ann An tAnnHAnEEnnzAnzzmnznnzznnzzt 3 1 4 How to Use This Mantial ii si iii eisniann intestat ea an Armi nente nina E AE renn KE EET KEE ESE EPES ranno 4 1 4 1 Additional Product Information ii 4 1 4 2 Online DOctmentatiOn lt 5s 0 becesenisecesnsennnccusncedecensivcesssiassvecevdnesdaceeverdedeesentdonbessaycusrsvecesdeeeseted 4 Chapter 2 Hardware Setup 5 2 COMME CHONG ar b A e E E E E REE 6 2 1 1 Alternate Power Supply Connections seessenenennznznnznnznnnnzzznenznrnrnnnznntnnnnsnnannnrtrrnantnnzznn a 8 2 2 Runa Sample Program i ia ei asa IRR a EEA mA ERO RI RIA TI 9 22 1 Troubleshooting xi L REA Fa PE air 9 2 3 Where Do l Go From Here iii cieli siasi rari 10 23 1 Technical Support incanalatori 10 Chapter 3 Running Sample Programs 11 Sil Sample Programs ise innies se wada lee iena ili 11 3 1 1 Running Sample Program FLASHLED C nn anness near nn sr nt 12 SAIL T Sin le S le ppm Bag scccssecseacesnc sou casasceagoeeess gp RE PR RR AOne E EERE BETA La rent fada Fe att ema 13 3 1 1 2 Watch Expressions s iccssiseiisccsscees sehen RA A seat ra SEER 13 3 1 1 3 Break Pomt paso nai i pa p ea ela SI ro 13 3 11 14 Editing the Program eisirean a a iii 14 3 1 1 5 Watching Variables Dynamically ms ennenennnnnnnnnznnenznnzzanennn
17. amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 0x40 PCLK output off low WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 0x80 PCLK output on high WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow 0xc0 38 RabbitCore RCM2000 5 3 Serial Communication Drivers Library files included with Dynamic C provide a full range of serial communications sup port The RS232 LIB library provides a set of circular buffer based serial functions The PACKET LIB library provides packet based serial functions where packets can be delim ited by the 9th bit by transmission gaps or with user defined special characters Both libraries provide blocking functions which do not return until they are finished transmit ting or receiving and nonblocking functions which must be called repeatedly until they are finished For more information see the Dynamic C User s Manual and Technical Note 213 Rabbit 2000 Serial Port Software User s Manual 39 5 4 Upgrading Dynamic C Dynamic C patches that focus on bug fixes are available from time to time Check the Web site www rabbit com support for the latest patches workarounds and bug fixes The default installation of a patch or bug fix is to install the file in a directory folder dif ferent from that of the original Dynamic C installation Rabbit recommends using a differ ent directory so that you can verify the operation of the patch without overwriting the existing Dynamic C installati
18. and interactive debugging in the real environment A complete reference to Dynamic C is contained in the Dynamic C User s Manual Dynamic C for Rabbit processors uses the standard Rabbit programming interface This is a 10 pin connector that connects to the Rabbit Serial Port A It is possible to reset and cold boot a Rabbit processor via the programming port No software needs to be present in the target system More details are available in the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual Dynamic C cold boots the target system and compiles the BIOS The BIOS is a basic pro gram of a few thousand bytes in length that provides the debugging and communication facilities that Dynamic C needs Once the BIOS has been compiled the user can compile his own program and test it If the BIOS fails because the program stops running a new cold boot and BIOS compile can be done at any time The BIOS can be customized by using define options Dynamic C does not use include files rather it has libraries that are used for the same purpose that is to supply function prototypes to programs before they are compiled See Section 4 24 Modules in the Dynamic C User s Manual for more information Dynamic C supports assembly language either as separate functions or as fragments embedded in C programs Interrupt routines may be written in Dynamic C or in assembly language User s Manual 35 5 1 1 Using Dynamic C You have a choice of doing
19. in software starting with Dynamic C v 7 02 and later This reduces radiated emissions The primary function of PCLK is as a peripheral clock or a peripheral clock 2 but PCLK can instead be used as a digital output See Section 5 2 1 PCLK Output for more informa tion Two status mode pins SMODEO and SMODEI are available as inputs The logic state of these two pins determines the startup procedure after a reset RES_IN is an external input used to reset the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor and RCM2000 memory RES_OUT is an output from the reset circuitry that can be used to reset other peripheral devices 4 3 Serial Communication The RCM2000 does not have an RS 232 or an RS 485 transceiver directly on the board However the Prototyping Board does support a industry standard RS 232 transceiver chip See Appendix B Prototyping Board for more information 4 3 1 Serial Ports There are four serial ports designated as Serial Ports A B C and D All four serial ports can operate in an asynchronous mode up to the baud rate of the system clock divided by 32 An asynchronous port can handle 7 or 8 data bits A 9th bit address scheme where an additional bit is sent to mark the first byte of a message is also supported Serial Ports A and B can be operated alternately in the clocked serial mode In this mode a clock line synchronously clocks the data in or out Either of the two communicating devices can sup ply the clock When the Ra
20. size in the future Writing to arbitrary flash memory addresses at run time is also discouraged Instead define a user block area to store persistent data The functions writeUserBlock and readUserBlock are provided for this A Flash Memory Bank Select jumper configuration option based on 0 Q surface mounted resistors exists at header JP3 This option used in conjunction with some configuration macros allows Dynamic C to compile two different co resident programs for the upper and lower halves of the 512K flash in such a way that both programs start at logical address 0000 This is useful for applications that require a resident download manager and a separate downloaded program See Technical Note 218 Implementing a Serial Download Manager for a 256K Flash for details 4 6 3 Dynamic C BIOS Source Files The Dynamic C BIOS source files handle different standard RAM and flash EPROM sizes automatically 34 RabbitCore RCM2000 5 SOFTWARE REFERENCE Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software It runs on an IBM compatible PC and is designed for use with Rabbit single board computers and other single board computers based on the Rabbit microprocessor Chapter 4 provides the libraries and function calls related to the RCM2000 5 1 More About Dynamic C Dynamic C has been in use worldwide since 1989 Dynamic C is specially designed for programming embedded systems Dynamic C features quick compile
21. status pin is used by Dynamic C to determine whether a Rabbit microprocessor is present The status output has three different programmable functions 1 Itcan be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle 2 It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle 3 It can also serve as a general purpose output The RESET_IN pin is an external input that is used to reset the Rabbit 2000 and the onboard peripheral circuits on the RabbitCore module The serial programming port can be used to force a hard reset on the RabbitCore module by asserting the RESET_IN signal Refer to the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual for more information User s Manual 29 4 4 Serial Programming Cable The programming cable is used to connect the RCM2000 s programming port to a PC serial COM port The programming cable converts the RS 232 voltage levels used by the PC serial port to the TTL voltage levels used by the Rabbit 2000 When the PROG connector on the programming cable is connected to the RCM2000 s programming header programs can be downloaded and debugged over the serial interface The DIAG connector of the programming cable may be used on the RCM2000 s program ming header with the RCM2000 operating in the Run Mode This allows the programming port to be used as a regular serial port 4 4 1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode The RCM2000 is automatically in Program Mode when the PROG connector on the programmin
22. your software development in the flash memory or in the SRAM included on the RCM2000 The flash memory and SRAM options are selected with the Options gt Project Options gt Compiler menu The advantage of working in RAM is to save wear on the flash memory which is limited to about 100 000 write cycles The disadvantage is that the code and data might not both fit in RAM NOTE An application can be developed in RAM but cannot run standalone from RAM after the programming cable is disconnected All standalone applications can only run from flash memory NOTE Do not depend on the flash memory sector size or type Due to the volatility of the flash memory market the RCM2000 and Dynamic C were designed to accommo date flash devices with various sector sizes Developing software with Dynamic C is simple Users can write compile and test C and assembly code without leaving the Dynamic C development environment Debugging occurs while the application runs on the target Alternatively users can compile a program to an image file for later loading Dynamic C runs on PCs under Windows 95 98 2000 NT Me and XP Programs can be downloaded at baud rates of up to 460 800 bps after the program compiles Dynamic C has a number of standard features e Full feature source and or assembly level debugger no in circuit emulator required e Royalty free TCP IP stack with source code and most common protocols e Hundreds of functions in source code
23. 00 ms flashled 1 DS3 1000 500 flash DS3 on 1000 ms off 500 ms end costatement end for loop end of main never come here The flashing of the LEDs is performed by the costatement Costatements need to be exe cuted regularly often at least every 25 ms To accomplish this the costatements are enclosed in a while loop or a for loop The term while loop is used as a handy way to describe a style of real time programming in which most operations are done in one loop The costatement is executed on each pass through the big loop When a wait for ora wfd condition is encountered the first time the current value of MS_TIMER is saved and then on each subsequent pass the saved value is compared to the current value If a waitfor condition is not encountered then a jump is made to the end of the costatement and on the next pass of the loop when the execution thread reaches the beginning of the costatement execution passes directly to the waitfor statement The costatement has the property that it can wait for long periods of time but not use a lot of execution time Each costatement is a little program with its own statement pointer that advances in response to conditions On each pass through the big loop as little as one statement in the costatement is exe cuted starting at the current position of the costatement s statement pointer Consult the Dynamic C User s Manual for more details This program also illustrates a us
24. A lithium battery with a nominal voltage of 3 V and a minimum capacity of 165 mA h is recommended A lithium battery is strongly recommended because of its nearly constant nominal voltage over most of its life User s Manual 63 The drain on the battery by the RCM2000 is typically 10 uA when no other power is sup plied If a 950 mA h battery is used the battery can last more than 6 years 950 mA h 10 uA Since the shelf life of the battery is 10 years the battery can last for its full shelf life The actual life in your application will depend on the current drawn by components not on the RCM2000 and the storage capacity of the battery C 1 2 Battery Backup Circuit 10 8 years shelf life 10 years The battery backup circuit serves three purposes e It reduces the battery voltage to the SRAM and to the real time clock thereby limiting the current consumed by the real time clock and lengthening the battery life e It ensures that current can flow only out of the battery to prevent charging the battery e A voltage VOSC is supplied to US which keeps the 32 768 kHz oscillator working when the voltage begins to drop VRAM and Vcc are nearly equal lt 100 mV typically 10 mV when power is supplied to the RCM2000 Figure C 2 shows the RCM2000 battery backup circuit DI R14 VBAT EXT p 5 AAA gt VRAM 2kQ External Battery RT1 thermistor 22 kO R12 uPBAT 4 Figure
25. C 2 RCM2000 Battery Backup Circuit VRAM is also available on pin 34 of header J2 to facilitate battery backup of the external circuit Note that the recommended minimum resistive load at VRAM is 100 KQ and new battery life calculations should be done to take external loading into account 64 RabbitCore RCM2000 C 1 3 Power to VRAM Switch The VRAM switch shown in Figure C 3 allows a customer supplied external battery to provide power when the external power goes off The switch provides an isolation between Vcc and the battery when Vcc goes low This prevents the Vcc line from draining the battery VCC VRAM A A 9 Q11 FDV302P R16 10 kQ Q10 MMBT3904 Figure C 3 VRAM Switch Transistor Q11 is needed to provide a very small voltage drop between Vcc and VRAM lt 100 mV typically 10 mV so that the processor lines powered by Vcc will not have a significantly different voltage than VRAM When the RCM2000 is not resetting pin 2 on U10 is high the RES_OUT line will be high This turns on Q10 causing its collector to go low This turns on Q11 allowing VRAM to nearly equal Vcc When the RCM2000 is resetting the RES_OUT line will go low This turns off Q10 and Q11 providing an isolation between Vcc and VRAM The battery backup circuit keeps VRAM from dropping below 2 V C 1 4 Reset Generator The RCM2000 uses a reset generator U10 to reset the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor when the voltag
26. D user blocks 34 Prototyping Board 53 54 Development Kit 3 H adding components 61 RCM2000 L 3 dimensions 55 digital T O ire 23 hardware connections 6 features L 54 I O buffer sourcing and sink install RCM2000 on Prototvp mounting RCM2000 6 ing limits siii 49 ing Board 6 PIDOUL sc 59 memory interface 28 power supply 8 power SUPPLY ici 57 SMODEO 29 programming cable 7 prototyping area 59 60 SMODEL 29 hardware reset sses 8 specifications 56 digital inputs 27 l R digital outputs 27 dimensions I O buffer sourcing and sinking Rabbit subsystems 23 Prototyping Road 99 limits PIREO CERRO 49 RCM2000 RCM2000 ani 42 mounting on Prototyping Dynan sco atte 3 35 J ili 6 ve T gt jumper configurations AM 51 TeSet i ie 8 multitasking L 15 JP1 SRAM size a ea 51 S Rabbit Embedded Security JP2 flash memory size 51 IM l ARRE 40 JP3 flash memorv bank sample Circuits 67 sample programs 11 select 34 51 D A converter 72 break point 13 jumper locations 51 external memory 71 editing a
27. Ports Four 5 V CMOS compatible ports Two ports are configurable as clocked ports one is a dedicated RS 232 programming port Serial Rate Maximum burst rate CLK 32 Maximum sustained rate CLK 64 Slave Interface A slave port allows the RCM2000 to be used as an intelligent peripheral device slaved to a master processor which may either be another Rabbit 2000 or any other type of processor Real Time Clock Yes Five 8 bit timers cascadable in pairs one 10 bit timer with 2 match registers Linne that each have an interrupt Watchdog Supervisor Yes Power 4 75 V to 5 25 V DC 130 mA 4 75 V to 5 25 V DC 98 mA Standby Current 10 uA typical Operating Temperature 40 C to 85 C Humidity 5 to 95 noncondensing Connectors Two IDC headers 2 x 20 2 mm pitch A 1 90 x 2 30 x 0 55 Board Sige 48 3 mm x 58 4 mm x 14 mm 44 RabbitCore RCM2000 A 1 1 Headers The RCM2000 uses headers at J1 J2 and J3 for physical connection to other boards J1 and J2 are 2 x 20 SMT headers with a 2 mm pin spacing J3 is a 2 x 5 header with a 2 mm pin spacing Figure A 3 shows the layout of another board for the RCM2000 to be plugged in to These reference design values are relative to the mounting hole or to the header connectors k 1 960 N Oy j lt 1 079 AI a J2 O 27 41 FFT ea a O o a i 3 0 020 sq typ i l a 0 0 5
28. Processor Detected e Check that the RCM2000 is powered correctly the red power LED on the Prototyping Board should be lit when the RCM2000 is mounted on the Prototyping Board and the AC adapter is plugged in e Check both ends of the programming cable to ensure that they are firmly plugged into the PC and the PROG connector not the DIAG connector is plugged in to the program ming port on the RCM2000 with the marked colored edge of the programming cable towards pin 1 of the programming header e Ensure that the RCM2000 module is firmly and correctly installed in its connectors on the Prototyping Board e Dynamic C uses the COM port specified during installation Select a different COM port within Dynamic C From the Options menu select Project Options then select Communications Select another COM port from the list then click OK Press lt Ctrl Y gt to force Dynamic C to recompile the BIOS If Dynamic C still reports it is unable to locate the target system repeat the above steps until you locate the COM port used by the programming cable If Dynamic C appears to compile the BIOS successfully but you then receive a communi cation error message when you compile and load the sample program it is possible that your PC cannot handle the higher program loading baud rate Try changing the maximum download rate to a slower baud rate as follows e Locate the Serial Options dialog in the Dynamic C Options gt Project Options gt
29. Proto typing Board Table B 1 Prototyping Board Specifications Parameter Specification Board Size 4 00 x 4 30 x 1 19 102 mm x 110 mm x 30 mm Operating Temperature 40 C to 70 C Humidity 5 to 95 noncondensing Input Voltage 7 5 V to 25 V DC Maximum Current Draw including user added circuits 1 A at 12 V and 25 C 0 7 A at 12 V and 70 C Prototyping Area 2 x 3 51 mm x 76 mm throughhole 0 1 spacing Standoffs Spacers 4 accept 6 32 x 3 8 screws 56 RabbitCore RCM2000 B 3 Power Supply The RCM2000 requires a regulated 5 V 0 25 V DC power source to operate Depending on the amount of current required by the application different regulators can be used to supply this voltage The Prototyping Board has an onboard LM340 T5 or equivalent The LM340 T5 is an inexpensive linear regulator that is easy to use Its major drawback is its inefficiency which is directly proportional to the voltage drop across it The voltage drop creates heat and wastes power A switching power supply may be used in applications where better efficiency is desir able The LM2575 is an example of an easy to use switcher This part greatly reduces the heat dissipation of the regulator The drawback in using a switcher is the increased cost The Prototyping Board itself is protected against reverse polarity by a Shottky diode at D2 as shown in Figure B 3 LINEAR POWER SUPPLY
30. XA output 30 PD7 ARXA input 31 40 GND 32 39 VCC 33 VBATR 3 V batterv input 34 VRAM 2 1 V output 100 kQ minimum load 0 0 start executing at No programming cable address zero attached 35 36 SMODEO ii SMODE1 SMODE0 1 SMODE 1 0 1 cold boot from slave Cold boot from asynchro l port With programming cable nous serial port A at 2400 bps pro ramimizz table 1 0 cold boot from attached ps prog 8 clocked serial port A connected 37 RES_OUT Reset Output 38 RES_IN Reset Input 26 RabbitCore RCM2000 As shown in Table 2 pins PAO PA7 can be used to allow the Rabbit 2000 to be a slave to another processor PEO PE1 PE4 and PES can be used as external interrupts INTOA INT1A INTOB and INT1B Pins PBO and PBI can be used to access the clock on Serial Port B and Serial Port A of the Rabbit microprocessor Pins PD4 and PD6 can be pro grammed to be optional serial outputs for Serial Ports B and A PDS and PD7 can be used as alternate serial inputs by Serial Ports B and A 4 1 1 Dedicated Inputs PBO and PBI are designated as inputs because the Rabbit 2000 is operating in an asyn chronous mode Four of the input only pins are located on PB2 PBS When Port C is used as a parallel port PC1 PC3 PCS and PC7 are also inputs only All the inputs are pulled up with 47 kQ resistors Figure 6 shows the locations of these pullup resistors
31. and slicing These are described more completely in the Dynamic C User s Manual The example below sample program FLASHLEDS2 C uses costatements A costatement is a way to perform a sequence of operations that involve pauses or waits for some external event to take place A complete description of costate ments is in the Dynamic C User s Manual The FLASHLEDS2 C sample program has two independent tasks The first task flashes LED DS2 2 5 times a second The second task flashes DS3 every 1 5 seconds User s Manual 15 define DS2 0 predefine for LED DS2 define DS3 1 predefine for LED DS3 This cofunction flashes LED on for ontime then off for offtime cofunc flashled 4 int led int ontime int offtime for waitfor DelavMs ontime on delay WrPortI PADR amp PADRShadow 1 lt lt led PADR turn LED off waitfor DelayMs offtime off delay WrPorti PADR amp PADRShadow 1 lt lt led 0xff amp PADR turn LED on main Initialize ports WrPortI SPCR amp SPCRShadow 0x84 Set Port A all outputs LEDs on WrPortI PEFR amp PEFRShadow 0x00 Set Port E normal I O WrPortI PEDDR amp PEDDRShadow 0x01 Set Port E bits 7 1 input 0 output WrPortI PECR amp PECRShadow 0x00 Set transfer clock as pclk 2 for run forever costate start costatement wid use wid waitfordone with cofunctions flashled 0 DS2 200 200 flash DS2 on 200 ms off 2
32. arallel Port A bit 0 PAO and Parallel Port A bit 1 PA1 Once you have compile this program and it is running LEDs DS2 and DS3 will flash on off at different rates e KEVLCD C demonstrates a simple setup for a 2 x 6 keypad and a 2 x 20 LCD Connect the keypad to Parallel Ports B C and D PBO Keypad Col 0 PC1 Keypad Col 1 RCM2000 PB2 Keypad Col 2 Prototyping Board ne PB3 Keypad Col 3 resistors PB4 Keypad Col 4 PB5 Keypad Col 5 i PD6 Keypad Row 0 PD7 Keypad Row 1 Connect the LCD to Parallel Port A PA0 backlight if connected PA 1 LOD CS RCM2000 vie PA2 LCD RS High Control dia ieli l Low Data LCD Contrast 0 MT kem TULL PA3 LCD WR LCD Contrast 1 PA a PA4 LCD D4 LCD Contrast 2 RA DS PAS LCD DS LCD Contrast 3 1 A PA6 LCD D6 LCD Contrast 4 PA7 LCD D7 LCD Contrast 5 Once the connections have been made and the sample program is running the LCD will display two rows of 6 dots each dot representing the corresponding key When a key is pressed the corresponding dot will become an asterisk User s Manual 19 e LCD DEMO C demonstrates a simple setup for an LCD that uses the HD44780 con troller or an equivalent Connect the LCD to the RCM2000 address and data lines on the Prototyping Board
33. arger capacitive loads than the other address lines Tyetup is the data setup time relative to the clock Tsetup is specified from 30 70 of the Vpp voltage level Add 1 5 ns to T qr for each 10 pF of additional bus loading above 70 pF User s Manual 47 A 3 Rabbit 2000 DC Characteristics Table A 4 outlines the DC characteristics for the Rabbit 2000 at 5 0 V over the recom mended operating temperature range from T 40 C to 85 C Vpp 4 5 V to 5 5 V Table A 4 5 0 Volt DC Characteristics Symbol Parameter Test Conditions Min Typ Max Units Im InputLeakage High Vin Vpn Vpp 5 5 V 10 uA In Input Leakage Low Va E 38 10 A no pull up Vin Vpp or Vss I x OZ Output Leakage no pull up Yessy 10 10 uA Vir CMOS Input Low Voltage 0 3xVpp V Vm CMOS Input High Voltage 0 7 x Vpp Vv Vr CMOS Switching Threshold Vpp 5 0 V 25 C 24 V Io See Table A 5 VoL CMOS Output Low Voltage sinking 0 2 0 4 V Vpp 4 5 V Iop See Table A 5 Vou CMOS Output High Voltage sourcing 0 7xVpp 4 2 V Vpp 4 5 V 48 RabbitCore RCM2000 A 4 I O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Limit Unless otherwise specified the Rabbit I O buffers are capable of sourcing and sinking 8 mA of current per pin at full AC switching speed Full AC switching assumes a 25 8 MHz CPU clock and capacitive loading on address and data lines of less than 100 pF per pin Address pin AO and data
34. bbit provides the clock the baud rate can be up to 1 4 of the system clock frequency or more than 6 45 Mbps for a 25 8 MHz clock speed 28 RabbitCore RCM2000 4 3 2 Programming Port The RCM2000 has a 10 pin program header labeled J3 The programming port uses the Rabbit 2000 s Serial Port A for communication Dynamic C uses the programming port to download and debug programs The programming port is also used for the following operations e Cold boot the Rabbit 2000 after a reset e Remotely download and debug a program over an Ethernet connection using the RabbitLink EG2110 e Fast copy designated portions of flash memory from one Rabbit based board the master to another the slave using the Rabbit Cloning Board Alternate Uses of the Serial Programming Port All three clocked Serial Port A signals are available as e a synchronous serial port e an asynchronous serial port with the clock line usable as a general CMOS input The serial programming port may also be used as a serial port via the DIAG connector on the serial programming cable In addition to Serial Port A the Rabbit 2000 startup mode SMODEO SMODE 1 status and reset pins are available on the serial programming port The two startup mode pins determine what happens after a reset the Rabbit 2000 is either cold booted or the program begins executing at address 0x0000 These two SMODE pins can be used as general inputs once the cold boot is complete The
35. bit Technical Bulletin Board and forums at www rabbit com support bb and at www rabbit com forums e Use the Technical Support e mail form at www rabbit com support 10 RabbitCore RCM2000 3 RUNNING SAMPLE PROGRAMS To develop and debug programs for the RCM2000 and for all other Rabbit hardware you must install and use Dynamic C Dynamic C is an integrated development system for writing embedded software It runs on an IBM compatible PC and is designed for use with Rabbit single board computers and other single board computers based on the Rabbit microprocessor Chapter 3 provides the sample programs related to the RCM2000 3 1 Sample Programs To help familiarize you with the RCM2000 modules Dynamic C includes several sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES RCM2000 directory Loading executing and study ing these programs will give you a solid hands on overview of the RCM2000 s capabilities as well as a quick start with Dynamic C as an application development tool These programs are intended to serve as tutorials but then can also be used as starting points or building blocks for your own applications NOTE It is assumed in this section that you have at least an elementary grasp of ANSI C If you do not see the introductory pages of the Dynamic C User s Manual for a sug gested reading list Each sample program has comments that describe the purpose and function of the program Before running any of these sample pr
36. cal and Mechanical Specifications Figure A 1 shows the mechanical dimensions for the RCM2000 300 lt gt F300 58 4 Please refer to the RCM2000 p Pi FI Pi 1 300 5 9 footprint diagram later in this 0 100 l 33 0 7 appendix for precise header Pa 4 2 5 l locations ML _ _ Mi _ _TP1 a _ _ E _ T Y1 E l ii VCC GND A11 BAI PA1 PAO _ gt T Ta JP1 a AQ A10 PA3 PA2 C1 I I jc2 P3 A7 AB PA4 U AS AG PA6 A3 A4 PBO A1 A2 PB2 STAT A0 PB4 PC1 PCO H PC3 PC2 oO PC5 PC4 8 fl DE PC7 PC6 Si D4 PD1 PDO D D2 PD3 PD2 DAQ Do PD5 PDA mo PEG PD7 PD6 PE4 VCC GND PE2 VRAM_VBAT PEO SM1 IOR e9090 IRSTI he fel U TUO GND VCC Vv p 0 125 dia Ba 3 2 ID Tta Tn No of soot f Z 1 z 4 ot TI el Wesg a fm J2 Oo DN YN gt QlQNNw OTT LS FN No SE i UL j i dA jie Y y Da TIITIIIIIIIIIIIIIII LY ov MITTITTTITTTII ATS deva ta la 1 90 SESNNE 48 3 So Figure A 1 RCM2000 Dimensions NOTE All measurements are in inches followed by millimeters enclosed in parentheses All dimensions have a manufacturin
37. ces Alternatively a small standard screwdriver may be carefully and forcefully used to wipe through the PCB traces Bottom Side JP1 000000000 e OS3O1O pe3 Cut Figure B 4 Where to Cut Traces to Permanently Disable Demonstration Hardware on Prototyping Board The power LED PWR and the RESET switch remain connected Jumpers across the appropriate pins on header JP1 can be used to reconnect specific demonstration hardware later if needed 58 RabbitCore RCM2000 Table B 2 Prototyping Board Jumper Settings Header JP2 Pins Description 1 2 PAO to LED DS2 3 4 PAT to LED DS3 5 6 PB2 to Switch S2 7 8 PB3 to Switch S3 Note that the pinout at location JP1 on the bottom side of the Prototyping Board shown in Figure B 4 is a mirror image of the top side pinout The Prototyping Board provides the user with RCM2000 connection points brought out con veniently to labeled points at headers J2 and J4 on the Prototyping Board Small to medium circuits can be prototyped using point to point wiring with 20 to 30 AWG wire between the prototyping area and the holes at locations J2 and J4 The holes are spaced at 0 1 2 5 mm and 40 pin headers or sockets may be installed at J2 and J4 The pinouts for locations J1 and J3 which correspond to J2 and J4 are shown in Figure B 5 J1 J3 VCC o GND A11 o my A12 PA1 o PAO A9 0 0 A10 PA3 0 n PA2 A7 0 0 A8
38. e quencies are generated using 12 9 MHz and 9 2 MHz crystals The clock doubler is dis abled automatically in the BIOS for crystals with a frequency above 12 9 MHz The clock doubler can be disabled if 25 8 MHz or 18 4 MHz clock speeds are not required Disabling the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor s internal clock will reduce power consumption and further reduce radiated emissions The clock doubler is disabled with a simple config uration macro as shown below 1 Select the Defines tab from the Dynamic C Options gt Project Options menu 2 Add the line CLOCK_DOUBLED 0 to always disable the clock doubler The clock doubler is enabled by default and usually no entry is needed If you need to specify that the clock doubler is always enabled add the line CLOCK _DOUBLED 1 to always enable the clock doubler The clock speed will be doubled as long as the crystal frequency is less than or equal to 26 7264 MHz 3 Click OK to save the macro The clock doubler will now remain off whenever you are in the project file where you defined the macro Change the serial baud rate to 57 600 bps when the RCM2000 is operated at 12 9 MHz or 9 2 MHz 32 RabbitCore RCM2000 4 5 2 Spectrum Spreader RCM2000 RabbitCore modules that have a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor labeled 1047 or higher are equipped with a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor that has a spectrum spreader which helps to mitigate EMI problems By default the spectrum spreader is on automati
39. e drops below the voltage necessary for reliable operation The reset occurs between 4 50 V and 4 75 V typically 4 63 V The RCM2000 has a reset output pin 37 on header J3 presented to the headers The reset generator has a reset input pin 38 on header J3 that can be used to force the RCM2000 to reset User s Manual 65 C 2 Chip Select Circuit Figure C 4 shows a schematic of the chip select circuit VRAM A R28 CSRAM hd ICS1 at Q13 dla R15 IRES a Q10 22 ka Da C6 L R5 1nF Figure C 4 Chip Select Circuit The current drain on the batterv in a batterv backed circuit must be kept to a minimum When the RCM2000 is not powered the batterv keeps the SRAM memorv contents and the real time clock RTC going The SRAM has a powerdown mode that greatly reduces power consumption This powerdown mode is activated by raising the chip select CS signal line Normally the SRAM requires Vcc to operate However only 2 V is required for data retention in powerdown mode Thus when power is removed from the circuit the battery voltage needs to be provided to both the SRAM power pin and to the CS signal line The CS control circuit accomplishes this task for the CS signal line In a powered up condition the CS control circuit must allow the processor s chip select signal CS1 to control the SRAM s CS signal CSRAM So with power applied CSRAM must be the sam
40. e for a shadow register A shadow register is used to keep track of the contents of an I O port that is write only it can t be read back If every time a write is made to the port the same bits are set in the shadow register then the shadow reg ister has the same data as the port register 16 RabbitCore RCM2000 3 1 1 8 Advantages of Cooperative Multitasking Cooperative multitasking as implemented with language extensions has the advantage of being intuitive Unlike preemptive multitasking variables can be shared between different tasks without having to take elaborate precautions Sharing variables between tasks is the greatest cause of bugs in programs that use preemptive multitasking It might seem that the biggest problem would be response time because of the big loop time becoming long as the program grows Our solution for that is called slicing which is further described in the Dynamic C User s Manual User s Manual 17 3 1 2 Getting to Know the RCM2000 The following sample programs can be found in the SAMPLES RCM2000 folder EXTSRAM C demonstrates the setup and simple addressing to an external SRAM This program first maps the external SRAM to the I O Bank 0 register with a maximum of 15 wait states chip select strobe which is ignored because of the circuitry and allows writes The first 256 bytes of SRAM are cleared and read back Values are then written to the same area and are read back The Dynamic C STDIO wi
41. e it is part of the RCM2000 Loads that exceed the values listed above need to be buffered User s Manual 49 A 5 Conformal Coating The area around the crystal oscillator has had the Dow Corning silicone based 1 2620 conformal coating applied The conformally coated area is shown in Figure A 5 The con formal coating protects these high impedance circuits from the effects of moisture and contaminants over time Conformally coated area Figure A 5 RCM2000 Areas Receiving Conformal Coating Any components in the conformally coated area may be replaced using standard soldering procedures for surface mounted components A new conformal coating should then be applied to offer continuing protection against the effects of moisture and contaminants NOTE For more information on conformal coatings refer to Rabbit Technical Note TN303 Conformal Coatings 50 RabbitCore RCM2000 A 6 Jumper Configurations Figure A 6 shows the header locations used to configure the various RCM2000 options via jumpers JP3 VPI a O C Top Side Bottom Side 175 0201 Figure A 6 Location of RCM2000 Configurable Positions Table A 6 lists the configuration options Table A 6 RCM2000 Jumper Configurations
42. e signal as CS1 and with power removed CSRAM must be held high but only needs to be battery voltage high Q13 and Q14 are MOSFET transistors with opposing polarity They are both turned on when power is applied to the circuit They allow the CS signal to pass from the processor to the SRAM so that the processor can peri odically access the SRAM When power is removed from the circuit the transistors will turn off and isolate CSRAM from the processor The isolated CSRAM line has a 100 KQ pullup resistor to VRAM R28 This pullup resistor keeps CSRAM at the VRAM voltage level which under no power conditions is the backup battery s regulated voltage at a little more than 2 V Transistors Q13 and Q14 are of opposite polarity so that a rail to rail voltages can be passed When the CS1 voltage is low Q13 will conduct When the CS1 voltage is high Q14 will conduct It takes time for the transistors to turn on creating a propagation delay This delay is typically very small about 10 ns to 15 ns 66 RabbitCore RCM2000 APPENDIX D SAMPLE CIRCUITS Appendix D provides these sample circuits that incorporate the RCM2000 e RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication e Keypad and LCD Connections e LCD Connections External Memory e Simple D A Converter User s Manual 67 D 1 RS 232 RS 485 Serial Communication RCM2000 Core Module 1 J2 RCM2000 Core Module J2 o Q
43. ernal p MHz Capacitive Loading pF SZ 25 8 50 D 7 1 i A 12 1 18 4 55 for 90 ns flash D 7 1 f 100 for 55 ns flash Di 25 8 18 4 100 DO SEAT PD 3 0 25 8 18 4 100 PA 7 0 PB 7 6 PC 6 4 2 0 25 8 18 4 90 PD 7 4 PE 7 0 All data address and I O lines with clock doubler 12 9 9 2 100 disabled The RCM2020 operating at 18 4 MHz will typically come with a flash EPROM whose access time is 55 ns Because of the volatil ity of the memory market a 90 ns flash EPROM could be used on the RCM2020 46 RabbitCore RCM2000 The values from the table above are derived using 55 ns 25 8 MHz version and 90 ns 18 4 MHz version memory access times External capacitive loading can be improved by 10 pF for commercial temperature ranges but do not exceed 100 pF See the AC timing specifications in the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual for more information Figure A 4 shows a typical timing diagram for the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor memory read and write cycles Memory Read no wait states CLK A 19 0 z e Tadr i i l Togiip gt I Dr T_T i i gt 4 hola IGSX Tx 7 OEx TG Memorv Write no extra wait states tw _ 12 CLK A 19 0 Sar S Mi 1 i T adr I I l Figure A 4 Memorv Read and Write Cvcles Tar 15 the time required for the address output to reach 0 8 V This time depends on the bus loading AO has a stronger driver and can handle l
44. ess lines 16 PB5 Input SAI 17 PB6 Output 18 PB7 Output Slave port attention line B SLAVEATTN 5 5 19 PCLK Output Internal Clock Output Turned off in software xe 5 21 28 D 7 0 Input Output Rabbit 2000 data bus lt 17 output or slave port chip 24 REI select SCS 30 PE6 16 output 31 PES 15 output or INTIB input 32 PEA Bitwise or parallel I4 output or INTOB input programmable I O 33 PE3 13 output 34 PE2 12 output 35 PEI Il output or INTIA input 36 PEO 10 output or INTOA input 37 AOWR Output I O write strobe 38 JORD Output I O read strobe 39 BUFEN Output I O buffer enable Outputs a pulse when the 40 WDO Output Watchdog output Mago deo internal watchdog times a 30 us pulse out User s Manual 25 Table 2 RCM2000 Pinout Configurations continued Pin Pin Name Default Use Alternate Use Notes 1 13 A 12 0 Output Rabbit 2000 address bus 14 STAT Output Status Output 15 PCO Output TXD 16 PCI Input RXD 17 PC2 Output TXC 18 PC3 Input RXC 19 PC4 Output TXB 20 PCS Input RXB 21 PC6 Output TXA 22 PC7 Input RXA 2l PCO Output TXA Connected to program 22 PC7 Input RXA ming port 16 mA sourcing and 23 26 PD 0 3 sinking current at full AC switching speed g Di x 27 PDA Bitwise or parallel ATXB output ia programmable I O can be pe 28 PDS driven or open drain output ARXB input lt 29 PD6 AT
45. evelopment environment with integrated editor compiler and source level debugger It interfaces directly with the target system eliminating the need for complex and unreliable in circuit emulators User s Manual 3 1 4 How to Use This Manual This user s manual is intended to give users detailed information on the RCM2000 mod ule It does not contain detailed information on the Dynamic C development environment 1 4 1 Additional Product Information In addition to the product specific information contained in the RabbitCore RCM2000 User s Manual this manual several higher level reference manuals are provided in HTML and PDF form on the accompanying CD ROM Advanced users will find these references valuable in developing systems based on the RCM3100 modules e Dynamic C User s Manual e Dynamic C Function Reference Manual e Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual 1 4 2 Online Documentation The online documentation is installed along with Dynamic C and an icon for the docu mentation menu is placed on the workstation s desktop Double click this icon to reach the menu If the icon is missing use your browser to find and load default htm in the docs folder found in the Dynamic C installation folder The latest versions of all documents are always available for free unregistered download from our Web sites as well 4 RabbitCore RCM2000 2 HARDWARE SETUP This chapter describes the RCM2000 hardware in more de
46. g cable is attached to the RCM2000 and is automatically in Run Mode when no programming cable is attached When the Rabbit 2000 is reset the operating mode is determined by the status of the SMODE pins When the programming cable s PROG connector is attached the SMODE pins are pulled high placing the Rabbit 2000 in the Program Mode When the programming cable s PROG connector is not attached the SMODE pins are pulled low causing the Rabbit 2000 to operate in the Run Mode Program Mode Run Mode RCM2000 y RCM2000 Q SI ilo RCM2000 PROTOTYPING BOARD O 3 1 00000 m OOOO Do g g sno QOjvcc RCM2000 PROTOTYPING BOARD no O OPA O o fe O o o Olved O Olvran 90000000 L FSE EHHH 8 zeit eGR Pe HE S ZERE Pins 38 40 Colored side lines up with pin 1 l RESET Core Module when changing mode Programming Press RESET button if using Prototvping Board OR Cable Cvcle power off on after removing or attaching programming cable To PC COM port Figure 7 RCM2000 Pr
47. g tolerance of 0 01 0 25 mm 42 RabbitCore RCM2000 It is recommended that you allow for an exclusion zone of 0 04 1 mm around the RCM2000 in all directions when the RCM2000 is incorporated into an assembly that includes other printed circuit boards An exclusion zone of 0 08 2 mm is recom mended below the RCM2000 when the RCM2000 is plugged into another assembly using the shortest connectors for header J1 Figure A 2 shows this exclusion zone Exclusion Zone Figure A 2 RCM2000 Exclusion Zone User s Manual 43 Table A 1 lists the electrical mechanical and environmental specifications for the RCM2000 Table A 1 RCM2000 Specifications Parameter RCM2000 RCM2010 RCM2020 Microprocessor Rabbit 20009 at 25 8 MHz Rabbit 20009 at 18 432 MHz Flash EPROM 256K supports 128K 512K SRAM 512K 128K Backup Battery Connection for user supplied backup battery to support RTC and SRAM General Purpose I O 40 parallel I O lines grouped in five 8 bit ports and shared with serial ports e 26 configurable I O e 8 fixed inputs 6 fixed outputs Additional Inputs 2 startup mode for master slave reset in Additional Outputs Status clock watchdog reset out Memory I O Interface 13 address lines 8 data lines I O read write buffer enable Serial
48. h expressions in the watch window If you are single stepping then they are all evaluated on each step You can also com mand the watch expression to be evaluated by using the lt Ctrl U gt command When a watch expression is evaluated at a break point it is evaluated as if the statement was at the beginning of the function where you are single stepping If your program is running you can also evaluate watch expressions with a lt Ctrl U gt if your program has a runwatch command that is frequently executed In this case only expressions involving global variables can be evaluated and the expression is evaluated as if it were in a separate function with no local variables 3 1 1 7 Cooperative Multitasking Cooperative multitasking is a convenient way to perform several different tasks at the same time An example would be to step a machine through a sequence of steps and at the same time independently carry on a dialog with the operator via a human interface Coop erative multitasking differs from another approach called preemptive multitasking Dynamic C supports both types of multitasking In cooperative multitasking each separate task voluntarily surrenders its compute time when it does not need to perform any more activity immediately In preemptive multitasking control is forcibly removed from the task via an interrupt Dynamic C has language extensions to support multitasking The major C constructs are called costatements cofunctions
49. he slave port PB2 and PB3 are slave write and slave read strobes while PB4 and PBS serve as slave address lines SAO and SA1 and are used to access the slave registers SDO SD7 which is the alternate assignment for Parallel Port A Parallel Port C pins PC1 PC3 PC5 and PC7 are inputs only can alternately be selectively enabled to serve as the serial data inputs for Serial Ports D C B and A 4 1 2 Dedicated Outputs Two of the output only pins are located on PB6 PB7 PB7 can also be used with the slave port as the SLAVEATTN output This configuration signifies that the slave is requesting attention from the master When Port C is used as a parallel port PCO PC2 PC4 and PC6 are outputs only These pins can alternately serve as the serial data outputs for Serial Ports D C B and A User s Manual 27 4 2 Memory I O Interface Thirteen of the Rabbit 2000 address lines A0 A 12 and all the data lines DO D7 are available as outputs on the RCM2000 I O write IOWR I O read IORD buffer enable BUFEN and Watchdog Output WDO are also available for interfacing to external devices The STATUS output has three different programmable functions 1 Itcan be driven low on the first op code fetch cycle 2 It can be driven low during an interrupt acknowledge cycle 3 It can also serve as a general purpose output 4 2 1 Additional 1 0 Although the output clock is available on the PCLK pin the output clock is disabled
50. he window by the user gt Stack window shows the contents of the top of the stack gt Hex memory dump displays the contents of memory at any address gt STDIO window printf outputs to this window and keyboard input on the host PC can be detected for debugging purposes printf output may also be sent to a serial port or file User s Manual 37 5 2 I O The RCM2000 was designed to interface with other systems and so there are no drivers written specifically for this purpose The general Dynamic C read and write functions allow you to customize the parallel I O to meet your specific needs For example use WrPortI PEDDR amp PEDDRShadow 0x00 to set all the port E bits as inputs or use WrPortI PEDDR amp PEDDRShadow OxFF to set all the port E bits as outputs The sample programs in the Dynamic C SAMPLES directory provide further examples 5 2 1 PCLK Output The PCLK output is controlled by bits 7 and 6 of the Global Output Register GOCR on the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor and so can be enabled or disabled in software Starting with Dynamic C v 7 02 the PCLK output is disabled by default at compile time to mini mize radiated emissions the PCLK output is enabled in earlier versions of Dynamic C Use the following code to set the PCLK output as needed PCLK output driven with peripheral clock WrPortI GOCR amp GOCRShadow GOCRShadow amp 0xc0 PCLK output driven with peripheral clock 2 WrPortI GOCR
51. ide lines up with 1 ee slot cover pin 1 1 tab into slot T Red shrink wrap PO 2 snap plug into place To 7 PC COM port Figure 2 RCM2000 Power and Programming Connections NOTE Some PCs now come equipped only with a USB port It may be possible to use an RS 232 USB converter Part No 20 151 0178 with the programming cable sup plied with the RCM2000 Development Kit Note that not all RS 232 USB converters work with Dynamic C User s Manual 3 Power Supply Connections When all other connections have been made you can connect power to the Prototyping Board First prepare the AC adapter for the country where it will be used by selecting the plug The RCM2000 Development Kit presently includes Canada Japan U S Australia N Z U K and European style plugs Snap in the top of the plug assembly into the slot at the top of the AC adapter as shown in Figure 2 then press down on the spring loaded clip below the plug assembly to allow the plug assembly to click into place Connect the AC adapter to 3 pin header J5 on the Prototyping Board The connector may be attached either way as long as it is not offset to one side Plug in the AC adapter The power LED on the Prototyping Board should light up The RCM2000 and the Prototyping Board are now ready to be used NOTE A RESET button is provided on the Prototyping Board to allow a hardware reset To power down the Prototyping Board
52. ity or not on Serial Port B Serial Port C will always be checking parity so parity errors should occur during every other sequence To set up the Prototyping Board you will need to tie PC4 and PC3 TxB and RxC together at header J4 as shown in the diagram T ae The Dynamic C STDIO window will display the error sequence TxB RxB GN User s Manual 21 22 RabbitCore RCM2000 4 HARDWARE REFERENCE Chapter 4 describes the principal subsystems for the RCM2000 4 1 RCM2000 Digital Inputs and Outputs Figure 4 shows the subsystems designed into the RCM2000 PBO PB6 1 PA7 l PB7 1 PD7 acios Pore E A PE7 Serial Ports synchronous Port C RCM2000 asynchronous Programming Address Lines Lines AO A12 Ror IORD a Control IOWR Basen Cock Time Clock BUFEN e L 7Timerss f es Port Data Lines DA0 DA7 Li ClockDoubier __ Doubler tee Battery tee Figure 4 Rabbit Subsystems PCLK RESET WDO User s Manual 23 The RCM2000 has 40 parallel I O lines grouped in five 8 bit ports available on headers J1 and J2 The 24 bidirectional I O lines are located on pins PA0 PA7 PDO PD7 and PEO PE7 The pinouts for headers J1 and J2 are shown in Figure 5 A12 A10 A8 A6 A4 A2 AQ PCO PC2 PC4 PC6 PDO PD2 PD4 PD6 GND VBAT SMODEO IRES_OUT vcc c N c pr
53. k if you have the correct serial port select Compile then Compile BIOS or type lt Ctrl Y gt If the BIOS successfully compiled message does not display try a different serial port using the Dynamic C Options menu until you find the serial port you are plugged into Don t change anything in this menu except the COM number The baud rate should be 115 200 bps and the stop bits should be 1 3 1 1 1 Single Stepping Compile or re compile FLASHLED C by clicking the Compile button on the task bar The program will compile and the screen will come up with a highlighted character green at the first executable statement of the program Use the F8 key to single step Each time the F8 key is pressed the cursor will advance one statement When you get to the for j 0 j lt statement it becomes impractical to single step further because you would have to press F8 thousands of times We will use this statement to illustrate watch expressions 3 1 1 2 Watch Expressions Type lt Ctrl W gt or chose Add Del Watch Expression in the Inspect menu A box will come up Type the lower case letter j and click on add to top and close Now continue sin gle stepping with F8 Each time you step the watch expression 3 will be evaluated and printed in the watch window Note how the value of j advances when the statement j is executed 3 1 1 3 Break Point Move the cursor to the start of the statement for j 0 j lt 25000 j To set a b
54. libraries and sample programs gt Exceptionally fast support for floating point arithmetic and transcendental functions gt RS 232 and RS 485 serial communication gt Analog and digital I O drivers gt I C SPI GPS file system gt LCD display and keypad drivers e Powerful language extensions for cooperative or preemptive multitasking e Loader utility program to load binary images into Rabbit targets in the absence of Dynamic C e Provision for customers to create their own source code libraries and augment on line help by creating function description block comments using a special format for library functions 36 RabbitCore RCM2000 e Standard debugging features gt Breakpoints Set breakpoints that can disable interrupts gt Single stepping Step into or over functions at a source or machine code level uC OS II aware gt Code disassembly The disassembly window displays addresses opcodes mnemonics and machine cycle times Switch between debugging at machine code level and source code level by simply opening or closing the disassembly window gt Watch expressions Watch expressions are compiled when defined so complex expressions including function calls may be placed into watch expressions Watch expressions can be updated with or without stopping program execution gt Register window All processor registers and flags are displayed The contents of general registers may be modified in t
55. ndow will indi cate if writes and reads did not occur Connect an external SRAM as shown below before you run this sample program RCM2000 Core Module A0 A12 FLASHLED C repeatedly flashes LED DS3 on the Prototyping Board on and off LED DS3 is controlled by Parallel Port A bit 1 PA1 FLASHLED2 C trepeatedly flashes LED DS3 on the Prototyping Board on and off LED DS3 is controlled by Parallel Port A bit 1 PA1 This sample program also shows the use of the runwatch function to allow Dynamic C to update watch expressions while running The following steps explain how to do this 1 Adda watch expression for k in the Inspect gt Add Watch dialog box 2 Click Add or Add to top so that it will be in the watch list permanently 3 Click OK to close the dialog box 4 Press lt Ctrl U gt while the program is running This will update the watch window 18 RabbitCore RCM2000 e FLASHLEDS C demonstrates the use of coding with assembly instructions cofunc tions and costatements to flash LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board on and off LEDs DS2 and DS3 are controlled by Parallel Port A bit 0 PAO and Parallel Port A bit 1 PA1 Once you have compile this program and it is running LEDs DS2 and DS3 will flash on off at different rates e FLASHLEDS2 C demonstrates the use of cofunctions and costatements to flash LEDs DS2 and DS3 on the Prototyping Board on and off LEDs DS2 and DS3 are controlled by P
56. o ooo ooo ooo ooo ooo oo o 0000000000000000 tto ENDO OOO 000 000000000 000000000 o o o o o o o o o o o o e o o o o o o o o o e o 0000000000000000 0000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 Figure B 6 VCC and GND Traces Along Edge of Prototyping Board 60 RabbitCore RCM2000 B 4 1 Adding Other Components There is room on the Prototyping Board for a user supplied RS 232 transceiver chip at location U2 and a 10 pin header for serial interfacing to external devices at location J6 A Maxim MA X232 transceiver is recommended When adding the MAX232 transceiver at position U2 you must also add 100 nF charge storage capacitors at positions C3 C6 as shown in Figure B 7 Jm ee PWR h OO MOIDI RS 7 Q 312 IU 100 nF storage DT Figure B 7 Location for User Supplied RS 232 Transceiver and Charge Storage Capacitors There are two sets of pads that can be used for surface mount prototyping SOIC devices The silk screen layout separates the rows into six 16 pin devices three on each side However there are pads between the silk screen layouts giving the user two 52 pin 2x26 SOIC layouts with 50 mil pin spacing There are six sets of pads that can be used for 3 to 6 pin SOT23 packages There are also 60 sets of pads that can be used for SMT resistors and ca
57. o o o of 0 079 oo o ol 2 0 eM a jes O a 1 300 33 02 a a O A a O 0 o o a E O a a Q O im a a m a a O i Gi a O fi O a O Ei O a a O bai ka 7 a pi 7 7 y as o O a e O a ome 0 125dia__ ome 0 079 3 2 2 0 Figure A 3 User Board Footprint for RCM2000 Top View NOTE Two holes were added near the top of the RCM2000 above headers J1 and J2 starting with RCM2000 versions marked 175 0201 on the bottom side These holes facilitate factory testing and must not be used for mounting or attaching other hardware User s Manual 45 A 2 Bus Loading You must pay careful attention to bus loading when designing an interface to the RCM2000 This section provides bus loading for external devices Table A 2 lists the capacitance for the various RCM2000 I O ports Table A 2 Capacitance of RCM2000 I O Ports Input Capacitance Output Capacitance I O Ports pF pF Typ Max Typ Max Parallel Ports A to E 6 pF 12 pF 10 pF 14 pF Data Lines DO D7 16 pF 30 pF 24 pF 32 pF Address Lines AO A12 24 pF 32 pF Table A 3 lists the external capacitive bus loading for the various Rabbit 2000 output ports Be sure to add the loads for the devices you are using in your custom system and verify that they do not exceed the values in Table A 3 Table A 3 External Capacitive Bus Loading 40 C to 85 C Output Port Clock Speed Maximum Ext
58. ogram make sure that your RCM2000 is connected to the Prototyping Board and to your PC as described in Section 2 1 Connections To run a sample program open it with the File menu if it is not already open then com pile and run it by pressing F9 or by selecting Run in the Run menu Complete information on Dynamic C is provided in the Dynamic C User s Manual User s Manual 11 3 1 1 Running Sample Program FLASHLED C This sample program will be used to illustrate some of the functions of Dynamic C First open the file FLASHLED C which is in the SAMPLES RCM2000 folder The program will appear in a window as shown in Figure 3 below minus some comments Use the mouse to place the cursor on the function name WrPortI in the program and type lt Ctrl H gt This will bring up a documentation box for the function WrPortT In general you can do this with all functions in Dynamic C libraries including libraries you write yourself Close the documentation box and continue C programs begin with main main Pe ail Set up Port A to output to LED DS2 and DS3 INE I CA WrPortI SPCR amp SPCRShadow 0x84 WrPortI PADR amp PADRShadow 0xFF Start a loop while 1 4 ML Turn LED DS3 off BitWrPortI PADR PADRShadow 1 1 Time delay by counting tor G 2220007 jH 41032000 BitWrPortI PADR amp PADRShadow 0 1 4 Turn LED DS3 on l me Time delav bv counting to 25 000 for j 0 j lt 25000
59. ogram Mode and Run Mode Setup A program runs in either mode but can only be downloaded and debugged when the RCM2000 is in the program mode Refer to the Rabbit 2000 Microprocessor User s Manual for more information on the pro gramming port and the programming cable 30 RabbitCore RCM2000 4 4 2 Standalone Operation of the RCM2000 The RCM2000 must be programmed via the RCM2000 Prototyping Board or via a similar arrangement on a customer supplied board Once the RCM2000 has been programmed successfully remove the programming cable from the programming connector and reset the RCM2000 The RCM2000 may be reset by cycling the power off on or by pressing the RESET button on the Prototyping Board The RCM2000 module may now be removed from the Prototyping Board for end use installation CAUTION Power to the Prototyping Board or other boards should be disconnected when removing or installing your RCM2000 module to protect against inadvertent shorts across the pins or damage to the RCM2000 if the pins are not plugged in correctly Do not reapply power until you have verified that the RCM2000 module is plugged in correctly User s Manual 31 4 5 Other Hardware 4 5 1 Clock Doubler The RCM2000 takes advantage of the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor s internal clock dou bler A built in clock doubler allows half frequency crystals to be used to reduce radiated emissions The 25 8 MHz RCM 2000 and RCM2010 and 18 4 MHz RCM 2020 fr
60. on If you have made any changes to the BIOS or to libraries or if you have programs in the old directory folder make these same changes to the BIOS or libraries in the new directory containing the patch Do not simply copy over an entire file since you may overwrite a bug fix of course you may copy over any programs you have written Once you are sure the new patch works entirely to your satisfaction you may retire the existing installation but keep it available to handle legacy applications 5 4 1 Extras Dynamic C installations are designed for use with the board they are included with and are included at no charge as part of our low cost kits Starting with Dynamic C version 9 60 Dynamic C includes the popular u C OS II real time operating system point to point protocol PPP FAT file system RabbitWeb and other select libraries Rabbit also offers for purchase the Rabbit Embedded Security Pack featuring the Secure Sockets Layer SSL and a specific Advanced Encryption Standard AES library In addition to the Web based technical support included at no extra charge a one year telephone based technical support subscription is also available for purchase Visit our Web site at www rabbit com for further information and complete documentation 40 RabbitCore RCM2000 APPENDIX A SPECIFICATIONS Appendix A provides the specifications for the RCM2000 and describes the conformal coating User s Manual 41 A 1 Electri
61. pacitors in an 0805 SMT package Each component has every one of its pin pads connected to a hole in which a 30 AWG wire can be soldered standard wire wrap wire can be soldered in for point to point wiring on the Prototyping Board Because the traces are very thin carefully determine which set of holes is connected to which surface mount pad User s Manual 61 62 RabbitCore RCM2000 APPENDIX C POWER MANAGEMENT Appendix C describes the RCM2000 power circuitry C 1 Power Supplies The RCM2000 requires a regulated 5 V 0 25 V DC power source An RCM2000 with no loading at the outputs operating at 18 432 MHz typically draws 88 mA and an RCM2000 operating at 25 8048 MHz typically draws 120 mA The RCM2000 will consume 13 mA to 15 mA of additional current when the programming cable is used to connect J3 to a PC C 1 1 Batteries and External Battery Connections The RCM2000 does not have a battery but there is provision for a customer supplied bat tery to back up SRAM and keep the internal Rabbit 2000 real time clock running Header J2 shown in Figure C 1 allows access to the external battery This header makes it possible to connect an external 3 V power supply This allows the SRAM and the inter nal Rabbit 2000 real time clock to retain data with the RCM2000 powered down GND a VCC VBAT 33 34 VRAM External Battery Figure C 1 External Battery Connections at Header J2
62. pin DO are rated at 16 mA each Pins Al A12 and DI D7 are each rated at 8 mA The absolute maximum operating voltage on all I O is Vpp 0 5 V or 5 5 V Table A 5 shows the AC and DC output drive limits of the parallel I O buffers when the Rabbit 2000 is used in the RabbitCore 2000 Table A 5 I O Buffer Sourcing and Sinking Capability Output Drive Pin Name Sourcing Sinkingt Limits mA DIRETE Full AC Switching la DC Output utput Port Name SRC SNK rive SRC SNK PA 7 0 8 8 12 12 PB 7 1 0 8 8 12 12 PC 6 4 2 0 8 8 12 12 PD 7 4 8 8 12 12 PD 3 01 16 16 12 25 PE 7 0 8 8 12 12 The maximum DC sourcing current for I O buffers between Vpp pins is 112 mA f The maximum DC sinking current for I O buffers between V ss pins is 150 mA lt The maximum DC output drive on I O buffers must be adjusted to take into consideration the current demands made my AC switching outputs capacitive loading on switching outputs and switching voltage The current drawn by all switching and nonswitching I O must not exceed the limits specified in the first two footnotes The combined sourcing from Port D 7 0 may need to be adjusted so as not to exceed the 112 mA sourcing limit requirement specified in the first footnote Some of the values listed are different from those listed in the Rabbit 2000 Microproces sor User s Manual to take into account external loading of the Rabbit 2000 whil
63. ple programs you will have to add an RS 232 transceiver such as the MAX232 at location U2 and four 100 nF charge storage capacitors at C3 C6 on the Prototyping Board Also install the 2 x 5 IDC header included with the Prototyping Board accessory parts at J6 to interface the RS 232 signals The diagram shows the connections e CORE FLOWCONTROL C This 100 nF storage capacitors Seng program demonstrates hardware flow control by configuring Serial Port C PC3 PC2 for CTS RTS with serial data coming from TxB at 115 200 bps One character at a time is received and is displayed in the STDIO window To set up the Prototyping Board you will need to tie PC4 and PC5 TxB and RxB together at header J4 and you will also tie PC2 and ReRe PC3 TxC and RxC together as shown in the diagram LI SO TxB RxB GN A repeating triangular pattern should print out in the STDIO window The program will periodically switch flow control on or off to demon strate the effect of no flow control Refer to the serBflowcontrolon function call in the Dynamic C Function Refer ence Manual for a general description on how to set up flow control lines CORE PARITY C This program demonstrates the use of parity modes by repeatedly sending byte values 0 127 from Serial Port B to Serial Port C The program will switch between generating par
64. program 14 M keypad and LED conne single stepping 13 tions ci 69 watch expressions 13 manuals 4 LED pormegrians ce JU RS 232 RS 485 serial com standard features 36 P munication 68 debugging T a i iii PCLK output 38 User s Manual 73 sample programs 11 FLASHLED C 12 getting to know the RCM2000 EXTSRAM C 18 FLASHLED C 18 FLASHLED2 C 18 FLASHLEDS C 19 FLASHLEDS2 C 19 KEMECDIC ines es 19 LCD_DEMO C 20 SWTEST C 20 TOGGLELED C 20 PONG C A i ne 9 serial communication CORE_FLOWCONTROL C Reefer eer VEE a era oem 21 CORE PARITV C 21 serial communication 28 serial ports Low 28 programming pott 29 software VO drivers 38 libraries PACKET LIB 39 RS232 LIB 39 PCLK output 38 serial communication driv CIS lana 39 specifications 41 bus loading 46 digital I O buffer sourcing and sinking limits 49 dimensions 42 electrical mechanical and environmental 44 exclusion zone 43 header footprint
65. reak point on this statement type F2 or select Toggle Breakpoint from the Run menu A red highlight will appear on the first character of the statement To get the pro gram running at full speed type F9 or select Run on the Run menu The program will advance until it hits the break point Then the break point will start flashing and show both red and green colors Note that LED DS3 is now solidly turned on This is because we have passed the statement turning on LED DS3 Note that j in the watch window has the value 32000 This is because the loop above terminated when j reached 32000 To remove the break point type F2 or select Toggle Breakpoint on the Run menu To continue program execution type F9 or select Run from the Run menu Now the LED should be flashing again since the program is running at full speed User s Manual 13 You can set break points while the program is running by positioning the cursor to a state ment and using the F2 key If the execution thread hits the break point a break point will take place You can toggle the break point off with the F2 key and continue execution with the F9 key Try this a few times to get the feel of things 3 1 1 4 Editing the Program Click on the Edit box on the task bar This will set Dynamic C into the edit mode so that you can change the program Use the Save as choice on the File menu to save the file with a new name so as not to change the demo program Save the file as MYTEST c No
66. rnrnnzsanennmnrtnnanznn nn 14 3 116 Summarv of Features ica Li ia ere 14 3 1 1 7 Cooperative Multitasking iii 15 3 1 1 8 Advantages of Cooperative Multitasking nennnenzenzznnzznrnzzznnnzzznnznnnnnznnznn 17 3 1 2 Getting to Know the RCM2000 nnnnnnennnrnrnnnnnr ern nt nannti i inoan aroi ie eens ARANEA 18 3 1 3 Seral Communication iii e B Earn 21 Chapter 4 Hardware Reference 23 4 1 RCM2000 Digital Inputs and Outputs i 23 4 1 1 Dedicated puts sisien in 27 4 1 2 Dedicated OUtputs i rara ila 27 4 2 Memory VO Interface ss iebsin p b EARLE oactiansCeagcessnbelenshenaseieesoseubbincstsy DA ia 28 42 l AdditonalT 0i cisc nl aaa O a 28 4 3 Serial Communication ii sis ii si lino Era ia Eee iii 28 43 1 Seral Ports anice iii iaia 28 4 3 2 Programming Po t mira iaia lai E e Ea S E E EREE EE EES 29 4 4 Serial Programming Cable o 30 4 4 1 Changing Between Program Mode and Run Mode i 30 4 4 2 Standalone Operation of the RCM2000 i 31 User s Manual AES Other Hardwafer si i i ii Mi i 4 5 1 Clock Doubler upcsuta i A TA a 4 5 2 Spectrum Spreadet oin a AA ata SAS EE Sr a AG Memory riale e JA AT ee taa ut g a el ay Chapter 5 Software Reference 5 1 More About Dynamic CE tape e GAP papa BL Pn sj SLA Using DWnamie a e ee ZIO ne i A fe A d a ian ani 3251 PCEK Output ina i sued
67. s 0000000000000000PE OOlpes 0000000000000000rFE E400 pe 0000000000000000PE OO peo 0000000000000000f0wMO0 ior 0000000000000000reEN 00 moo 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 0000000000000000 ad Ore 000 GNDO O O O Figure 1 Attaching RCM2000 to Prototyping Board NOTE It is important that you line up the pins on the RCM2000 headers J1 and J2 exactly with the corresponding pins of header sockets J1 and J3 on the Prototyping Board The header pins may become bent or damaged if the pin alignment is offset and the RCM2000 will not work 6 RabbitCore RCM2000 2 Connect RCM2000 to PC Connect the 10 pin connector of the programming cable labeled PROG to header J3 on the RCM2000 module as shown in Figure 2 below Be sure to orient the red edge of the cable towards pin of the connector Do not use the DIAG connector which is used for a normal serial connection AC Adapter lt lt Sa The holes shown near J1 and J2 at the top of the RCM2000 exist to align the board for factory RCM2000 testing Do not use these Module holes for mounting O RESET SWITCH A J6 e ool Ho ojrxe 40 o ne 010101010009 scese ag i ReReees Prototyping Board OcnofOOce RCM2000 PROTOTYPING BOARD 0 O Pa O Ofpar Colored s
68. seecsecsaeaecsecaeenseseees D 2 Keypad and LCD ConnectionSs i D3 LED Connections 5 20 8 a seus dle i fe paia DA External Memory i sa pia enon la Renee ate D 5 Simple D A Converter ys nr art lil Aa ARL fari Index Schematics 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 75 RabbitCore RCM2000 1 INTRODUCTION The RabbitCore RCM2000 series is a family of microprocessor modules designed to be the heart of embedded control systems providing an array of I O and addressing Throughout this manual the term RCM2000 refers to the complete series of RCM2000 RabbitCore modules unless other production models are referred to specifically The RCM2000 is a core module designed to be the heart of your own controller built around the plug in module Data processing is done by a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor operating at up to 25 8 MHz RCM2000 and RCM2010 The RCM2000 has a Rabbit 2000 microprocessor a static RAM a flash memory two quartz crystals main oscillator and timekeeping and the circuitry necessary for reset and management of battery backup of the Rabbit 2000 s internal real time clock and the static RAM Two 40 pin headers bring out the Rabbit 2000 I O bus address lines data lines parallel ports and serial ports The RCM2000 receives its 5 V power from the user board on which it is mounted The RCM2000 can interface will all kinds of digital devices through the user board The RCM2000 Development Kit comes with a Pro
69. tages of Using the RCM2000 e Fast design time for your project since the basic core has already been designed and built e Competitive pricing compared with purchasing and assembling the individual compo nents e Easy programming including production installation of a program e Generous memory size allows large C programs with tens of thousands of lines of code and substantial data storage 2 RabbitCore RCM2000 1 3 Development and Evaluation Tools 1 3 1 Development Kit A complete Development Kit including a Prototyping Board and Dynamic C develop ment software is available for the RCM2000 The Development Kit puts together the essentials you need to design an embedded microprocessor based system rapidly and efficiently 1 3 2 Development Kit Contents The RCM2000 Development Kit contains the following items e RCM2020 module with 256K flash memory and 128K SRAM e RCM2000 Prototyping Board with accessory hardware and components e Universal AC adapter 12 V DC 1 A includes Canada Japan U S Australia N Z U K and European style plugs e 10 pin header to DB9 programming cable with integrated level matching circuitry e Dynamic C CD ROM with complete product documentation on disk e Getting Started instructions e Registration card 1 3 3 Development Software The RCM2000 modules use the Dynamic C development environment for rapid creation and debugging of runtime applications Dynamic C provides a complete d
70. tail and explains how to set up the accompanying Prototyping Board NOTE This chapter and this manual assume that you have the RabbitCore RCM2000 Development Kit If you purchased an RCM2000 module by itself you will have to adapt the information in this chapter and elsewhere to your test and development setup User s Manual 5 2 1 Connections 1 Attach RCM2000 to Prototyping Board Turn the RCM2000 so that the Rabbit 2000 microprocessor is facing as shown below Plug RCM2000 headers J1 and J2 on the bottom side of the RCM2000 into the sockets of headers J1 and J3 on the Prototyping Board RCM2000 SM1 Prototyping O Line up the mounting holes RCM2000 PROTOTVPI L 0000000000000000 07 00p 0000000 0 0 0 O Paj OO pat 0000000000 pad OO paz O00000 00 0 O pag OO pas O00000000 O pag OO paz O000000000 Ops OO ps1 O00000 00 0 0O Ops OO pss 00000000000 o o o tt a tat at tt IA BA ego oo oo oo oo oo oo o o o o JG L ie 0000000000000000pB400 pss 0000000000000000Pp86 00 pp7 0000000000000000rfcW00len 0000000000000000 vs OO ps 0000000000000000 mOojoz 0000000000000000 01 OO po 0000000000000000rPE OO pe
71. totyping Board that can be used to demonstrate the operation of the RCM2000 and to prototype new circuits 1 1 Features e Small size 1 90 x 2 30 48 3 mm x 58 4 mm e Microprocessor Rabbit 2000 running at 25 8 MHz RCM2000 and RCM2010 e 40 CMOS compatible parallel I O lines grouped in five 8 bit ports shared with serial ports e 8 data lines DO D7 e 13 address lines AO A12 e 1 0 read write buffer enable e Status watchdog and clock outputs e Two startup mode inputs for master slave configuration User s Manual 1 e External reset input e Reset output e Five 8 bit timers two 10 bit timers five timers are cascadable in pairs e 256K flash EPROM 512K SRAM e Real time clock e Watchdog supervisor e Provision for customer supplied backup battery via connections on header J2 e Four CMOS compatible serial ports maximum asynchronous baud rate of 806 400 bps maximum synchronous baud rate of 6 45 Mbps Two ports are configurable as clocked ports Appendix A Specifications provides detailed specifications for the RCM2000 Three versions of the RCM2000 are available Their standard features are summarized in Table 1 Table 1 RCM2000 Models and Features Model Features Full featured RCM2000 module with 25 8 MHz clock RCM2000 256K flash memory and 512K SRAM RCM2010 RCM2000 with 25 8 MHz clock and 128K SRAM RCM2020 RCM2000 with 18 432 MHz clock and 128K SRAM 1 2 Advan
72. unplug the power connector from J5 You should disconnect power before making any circuit adjustments in the prototyping area changing any connections to the board or removing the RCM2020 from the Prototyping Board 2 1 1 Alternate Power Supply Connections Development kits sold outside North America before 2009 included a header connector that could be connected to 3 pin header J5 on the Prototyping Board The red and black wires from the connector could then be connected to the positive and negative connections on your power supply The power supply should deliver 8 V 24 V DC at 8 W 8 RabbitCore RCM2000 2 2 Run a Sample Program Once the RCM2000 is connected as described in the preceding pages start Dynamic C by double clicking on the Dynamic C icon on your desktop or in your Start menu Dynamic C uses the serial port specified during installation If you are using a USB port to connect your computer to the RCM2000 module choose Options gt Project Options and select Use USB to Serial Converter under the Communications tab then click OK Find the file PONG C which is in the Dynamic C SAMPLES folder To run the program open it with the File menu if it is not still open then compile and run it by pressing F9 or by selecting Run in the Run menu The STDIO window will open and will display a small square bouncing around in a box 2 2 1 Troubleshooting If Dynamic C cannot find the target system error message No Rabbit
73. w change the number 25000 in the for statement to 10000 Then use the F9 key to recompile and run the program The LED will start flashing but it will flash much faster than before because you have changed the loop counter terminal value from 25000 to 10000 3 1 1 5 Watching Variables Dynamically Go back to edit mode select edit and load the program FLASHLED2 C using the File menu Open command This program is the same as the first program except that a vari able k has been added along with a statement to increment k each time around the endless loop The statement runwatch has been added This is a debugging statement that makes it possible to view variables while the program is running Use the F9 key to compile and run FLASHLED2 C Now type lt Ctrl W gt to open the watch window and add the watch expression k to the top of the list of watch expressions Now type lt Ctrl U gt Each time you type lt Ctrl U gt you will see the current value of k which is incrementing about 5 times a second As an experiment add another expression to the watch window k 5 Then type lt ctrl U gt several times to observe the watch expressions k and k 5 3 1 1 6 Summary of Features So far you have practiced using the following features of Dynamic C e Loading compiling and running a program When you load a program it appears in an edit window You can compile by selecting Compile on the task bar or from the Com pile menu When
74. you compile the program it is compiled into machine language and downloaded to the target over the serial port The execution proceeds to the first state ment of main where it pauses waiting for you to command the program to run which you can do with the F9 key or by selecting Run on the Run menu If want to compile and start the program running with one keystroke use F9 the run command If the pro gram is not already compiled the run command will compile it first e Single stepping This is done with the F8 key The F7 key can also be used for single stepping If the F7 key is used then descent into subroutines will take place With the F8 key the subroutine is executed at full speed when the statement that calls it is stepped over 14 RabbitCore RCM2000 e Setting break points The F2 key is used to turn on or turn off toggle a break point at the cursor position if the program has already been compiled You can set a break point if the program is paused at a break point You can also set a break point in a program that is running at full speed This will cause the program to break if the execution thread hits your break point e Watch expressions A watch expression is a C expression that is evaluated on command in the watch window An expression is basically any type of C formula that can include operators variables and function calls but not statements that require multiple lines such as for or switch You can have a list of watc

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