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QuikChem® 8500 FIA Automated Ion Analyzer

1. DANGER Turn off the System Unit and disconnect from power before connecting or disconnecting channels or channel components AppendixC_IonChromatography fm Follow the instructions in Appendix B Channel Installation on page 83 to add or remove an IC channel The 10 port valve and conductivity module are installed in the channel when it is received from the manufacturer Replacing the Suppressor Valve Assembly 1 2 3 Turn off the System Unit and disconnect from ac power Disconnect tubing from the valve Remove the manifold Lift the valve from the channel Unplug the signal and power cables from the valve Disconnect the leak detector cable Page 87 Appendix C Ion Chromatography 5 Connect the leak detector cable to the replacement assembly 6 Connect the valve cable and power cable to the valve Set the assembly into the channel Replacing the Conductivity Module 1 2 3 Turn off the System Unit and disconnect from ac power Disconnect the inlet and outlet tubing from the conductivity module Lift the conductivity module and disconnect the detector cable and power cable Set the temperature switch according to the QuikChem method The temperature switch is located on the side opposite from the cable connections Connect the Hirose and detector cable to the replacement conductivity module Figure 62 Lower the module into place Connect the inlet and outlet tubing Refer to
2. Troubleshooting Guide Problem The heater element does not heat Solution Make sure the heater temperature has been set for that channel in Run Properties gt Analytes Problem Calibration fails Solution There are many causes for a calibration to fail Repeating the run repeatedly will not fix the problem Look for the causes of the problem Are the check standards made properly Are there flow problems Are the peaks being integrated properly Are the specified concentrations correct Are there peaks Is the response very low Problem The baseline is not at zero Solution This is usually not a problem The baseline will most likely be at a value other than zero depending on the color of the reagents interference filter etc The baseline could be much higher than normal for a specific analysis based on historic data This could be due to reagent contamination or old reagents Reagent contamination and reagents that get darker as they get older will affect the analysis Note The baseline should be close to zero when running DI water or air through the flow cell If not contact Lachat Instruments Technical Support Problem Probe keeps hitting cups Solution Make sure the probe is not bent The sample racks should be seated correctly The probe should be aligned with the wash bath Contact Lachat Instruments if this problem persists Problem Peaks are smaller that the ones obtained in the past Solution Check the
3. e QuikChem FIA System Unit e Computer e Printer optional Note The lon Chromatography option is available with this instrument Refer to the QuikChem lon Chromatography User Manual for instructions Figure 2 QuikChem FIA Automated lon Analyzer with Shelf Cat No 31079 Intro fm y mE u m I m am Ir AS ee TEN a m Introduction Page 11 Introduction 1 2 System Unit The System Unit consists of the core unit and the sample processing modules SPM The core unit distributes power light and electronic signals to and from each SPM A sample processing module also known as a channel typically consists of an injection valve a manifold a photometric detector and a heating module optional A System Unit can have up to four channels that run simultaneously A single computer can control two System Units in order to run up to eight channels at once A chemical reaction module or manifold is installed on a channel for the quantitative analysis of an analyte There are more than 450 QuikChem methods available for determining over 40 analytes many of them in several matrices 1 3 Reagent Pump RP 150 Series The multichannel peristaltic pump is used to pump reagents into the manifold It also aspirates sample aliquots from the sampler to the valve These portions are then loaded into the sample loop and swept into the manifold by the carrier stream to mix with the reagents 1 4 Dilutor The PDS200 uses pos
4. 6 2 1 6 Tee Connector Symbol Every intersection of two reagent lines represents a tee connector Figure 36 Note The manifold Tee connectors combine two reagents The tee has three ports two side ports diagram examples have inlets where the two reagent lines are connected and a top port outlet Oniy One Ee CONNECT which may be connected to a mixing coil or whatever is indicated in the manifold diagram Figure 36 Tee Connectors Symbols Tee Connector 2 5 in OR la 6 2 1 7 Heating Coil Symbol 1in Figure 37 represents a heating coil installed on the System Unit Set the heater at the temperature specified in the diagram 60 C in our example The length of tubing wrapped on the block is specified in the QuikChem method 60 60 Figure 37 Heating Coil Symbols 6 3 Fluidic Connections 6 3 1 Flow Fit Connections Tee connectors union connectors and pump tube adapters are all examples of flow fit connections Tube connectors used on tee connectors union connectors and pump tube adapters pass Teflon tubing through two Viton O rings into a seat Figure 38 A tube connector is finger tightened to compress the O rings around the tubing for a leak proof seal Note Injection valves use Tube connectors used on the injection valves do not require O rings or ferrules one piece fittings System Operation SystemOperation fm Pag e 35 System Operation Figure 38 Connecting a Teflon Tubing Connection to
5. Figure9 Mounting the Sample Line Pump Tube G gt 1 From Probe 2 To Injection Valve 3 Connect the 30 cm Teflon tubing end to port 6 of the injection valve 4 Connect the 130 or 190 cm Teflon tubing to the probe on the sampler System Unit Installation SystemUnitInstall fm Page 15 System Unit Installation 2 4 2 Waste Line A waste line consists of the following 13 cm of Teflon tubing 0 8 mm i d a pump tube adapter 150 cm of Tygon tubing 1 5 mm i d a glass weight and a plastic nipple See Figure 10 Figure 10 Waste Line Om 1 13 cm Teflon 0 8 mm i d 3 150 cm Tygon 1 5 mm i d 5 To waste container 7 From Flow Cell or Valve port 5 2 Adapter 4 Glass Weight 6 Nipple System Unit Installation Page 16 A waste line should be connected to port 5 of the injection valve and the top connector of the flow cell When running two or more channels simultaneously interconnect adjacent valves by installing 15 cm of 0 8 mm Teflon tubing between ports 5 and 6 Figure 11 The waste channel farthest from the System Unit will drain directly into the waste container Refer to System Operation on page 29 for details SystemUnitInstall fm System Unit Installation Figure 11 Flow Injection Connections 2 2 F rt 1 System Unit 3
6. For Data Systems purchased from Lachat the Omnion software is installed at the factory For customer supplied systems refer to the Omnion User Guide for software installation instructions System Unit Installation Page 18 SystemUnitInstall fm Set the pump on the bench Figure 2 on page 11 Connect the power cord to the power strip Leave the power strip switch off Connect the power cord to the mains supply socket on the back of the pump Figure 13 Figure 13 Power Cord Connection 1 Main Supply Socket 2 Power Cord 4 Connect the analog cable to the back of the pump Figure 14 Figure 14 Analog Cable Connection 5 Connect the other side of the analog cable to the left panel of the QuikChem System Unit See Connecting the System Unit on page 13 3 1 Powering the Pump 1 Turn on the power strip then turn on the power switch on the back of the pump Figure 15 The top panel will show the set speed of 35 Pump Installation ReagentPumpInstall fm Page 19 Pump Installation Figure 15 Locating the Power Switch 1 Power Switch 3 2 Installing Pump Tubing 1 Remove all of the pump cartridges by pressing the cartridge holder against the pump then lifting the cartridges out Figure 16 Figure 16 Removing the Pump Cartridges Reagent Pump FP 100 Sues 1 Cartridge 2 Cartridge Holder 3 Press Down 2 Place the pump tubing onto
7. Connect the top connector outlet to the waste line Figure 5 Flow Cell o No ag A G8 1 To Waste 2 Flow Cell Body 3 Inlet Figure 6 Flow Cell Connectors 1 To Waste 2 Inlet from manifold System Unit Installation Page 14 SystemUnitInstall fm System Unit Installation 2 4 Installing the Waste and Sample Lines Figure 7 Sample Loop Valve 2 4 1 Sample Line A sample line consists of the following a union connector 130 or 190 cm of Teflon tubing 0 8 mm 0 032 in i d two pump tube adapters a green green pump tube with its ends trimmed to 2 cm past both green tabs and 30 cm of Teflon tubing 0 8 mm 0 032 in i d 1 Trim the ends of a green green pump tube to 2 cm past both green tabs Figure 8 This procedure only applies to the green green pump tube used in a sample line All other pump tubes do not need to be trimmed Note Refer to the QuikChem method to find the pump tube color to be used as a sample line Most manifolds will use a green green pump tube but there are some exceptions Figure 8 Trimming the Green Green Pump Tube NAL LE 2cm Ber Scalpel 2 Green Green Pump Tube 3 Green Tab 2 2 Mount the sample line pump tube into a pump tube cartridge Figure 9 Do not clamp down the cartridge on the pump Refer to System Operation on page 29 for further details
8. ETL Listing 65454 e CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 ETLc Certification 65454 e Certified by Hach Coompany to EN 61010 1 Amds 1 amp 2 IEC1010 1 per 73 23 EEC supporting test records by Intertek Testing Services Immunity This equipment was tested for Industrial level EMC per EN 61326 EMC Requirements for Electrical Equipment for Measurement Control and Laboratory Use per 89 336 EEC EMC Supporting test records by Hach Company certified compliance by Hach Company Standards Include IEC 1000 4 2 1995 EN 61000 4 2 1995 Electro Static Discharge Immunity Criteria B TEC 1000 4 3 1995 EN 61000 4 3 1996 Radiated RF Electro Magnetic Field Immunity Criteria A TEC 1000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 Electrical Fast Transients Burst Criteria B TEC 1000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 Surge Criteria B IEC 1000 4 6 1996 EN 61000 4 6 1996 Conducted Disturbances Induced by RF Fields Criteria A TEC 1000 4 11 1994 EN 61000 4 11 1994 Voltage Dip Short Interruptions Criteria B Additional immunity Standard s include ENV 50204 1996 Radiated Electro Magnetic Field from Digital Telephones Criteria A Emissions This equipment was tested for Radio Frequency Emissions as follows Per 89 336 EEC EMC EN 61326 1998 Electrical Equipment for measurement control and laboratory use EMC requirements Class A emission limits Supporting test records by Hewlett Packard Fort Collins Colorado Hardware Test Center A2LA
9. Maintenance Page 59 Maintenance 7 15 A A Replacing Fuses PDS ASX 500 series amp ASX 400 series samplers Reagent Pump QC core unit CAUTION Disconnect ac input before replacing fuse Replace and secure the fuse holder before reconnecting ac input Table 10 shows the specifications for the user replaceable fuses Table 10 Fuse Specifications Table 110 230 V 50 60 Hz 0 5A T 0 5 A 250 V 100 230 V 1 50 60 Hz 40 W T 0 5 A 250 V 100 120 V 50 60 Hz 15W T 0 5 A 250 V 230 V 1 50 60 Hz 15W T 0 25 A 250 V 100 115 V 10 50 60 Hz 5A T 6 3 A 250 V 230 V 10 50 60 Hz 3A T 6 3 A 250 V 7 15 1 PDS Fuse Replacement Remove the power cord Use a small flat blade screwdriver to remove the fuse holder that is located next to the ac power input The fuse holder has a notch where the screw driver can be inserted Remove fuse s from the fuse holder See Table 10 to determine fuse rating needed Replace fuse s mo pyi o Push fuse holder in 7 15 2 Reagent Pump RP 150 Fuse Replacement 1 On the rear panel of the pump there is the mains supply socket including the fuse holder Using a small screwdriver size 0 pull out the fuse holder by opening it at the upper and lower clip 2 The fuse holder contains two surge proof fuses Change both fuses according to the specifications in Table 10 Make sure the new fuses are also surge proof 7 16 Parts Description Maintenance Page 60 The QuikChem FIA S
10. drifting 69 baseline missing 67 baseline noisy 68 blockages 64 68 69 70 C calibration failure 77 calibration run 47 carrier line description 29 carryover 65 channel adding a new 83 clogs 64 coil support 33 computer maintenance 58 D detector fault 71 detector modules maintenance 57 detector flow cell installation 14 dilutor installation 27 dilutor description 12 dilutor dimensions 9 dilutor maintenance 54 dilutor setup 46 dilutor troubleshooting 72 dimensions module 9 dye standards 74 dye standards recipe 46 dye test 73 74 E electrical specifications 9 electronic limitation 66 environmental specifications 10 F flared tubing connections 36 flat topped peaks 66 flow blockages 70 flow cell connections 37 flow cell installation 14 flow cell leaks 72 8500IX fm flow cell maintenance 57 flow fit connections 35 fluidic connections 35 fluoride detector 41 fuse replacement 60 fuse specifications 60 H hardware installation 9 heater 46 heater tube rewrap 53 heating coil symbol 35 I inject state 30 injection valve connections 42 injection valve operation 29 injection valve symbols 33 injection valve inject state 30 injection valve load state 30 L lamp replacement 58 lamp specifications 58 load state 30 M maintenance schedule 49 manifold diagram 31 manifold installation 41 manifold maintenance 58 manifold removal 50 manifold symbols 32 manifold description 29 mixing coil symbol 3
11. should be connected to the fitting on the manifold next to the label To Flow Cell Figure 48 on page 47 6 Refer to the QuikChem Method manifold diagram for details Note If flow cell connections are reversed air bubbles may become trapped in the flow cell This can cause baseline shifts and peak problems System Operation SystemOperation fm Pag e 37 System Operation Figure 41 Flow Cell Bottom View f OS 1 000 O A HDE 1 Union Connector 3 Flow Cell seen from below 5 Pump Tube Adapter 2 From Manifold 4 To Waste 6 Upper Connector 6 3 4 Pump Tube Connections A pump tube adapter connects the Teflon tubing to Tygon tubing Figure 42 This is typically used for connecting pump tubes to the manifold tubing It is also used to connect the flow cell outlet to a waste line 1 Obtain a pump tube adapter If this connection will be used for the sample line remove the metal nipple from the pump tube adapter with a pair of pliers 2 Unscrew the black or white collar Make sure the correct collar for the pump tube is in use See Table 5 3 Slide the collar onto the pump tube making sure the threaded end faces the tubing edge 4 Insert the pump tube adapter into the pump tube Slide the pump tube as far as it can go 5 Screw t
12. 3 in Figure 49 on page 52 3 Remove the mandrel from the heater element Maintenance Page 53 Maintenance 4 Leave a 30 cm length of the replacement tubing extending beyond the end of the mandrel core and secure the tubing with high temperature tape Note The length of tubing is specified in the QuikChem method 5 Wrap the tubing around the length of the mandrel core Leave a 30 cm length of tubing extending from the other end and secure with tape Install the mandrel onto the heater element Reconnect the thermocouple plug into the jack on the side of the drip tray Connect the tubing to the manifold according to the QuikChem method to be tested 7 6 Dilutor Maintenance a 7 7 y 7 7 1 Maintenance Page 54 Replace all tubes once a year as well as the seals of the barrel cavity Contact the Lachat Instruments Service Department for assistance When using a diluent other than deionized water for example KCI solution prime the dilutor with deionized water at least two times to make sure that the diluent is flushed out completely 1 In the Omnion software go to Configuration gt Autosamplers Press the PRIME DILUTOR button If the PDS200 Dilutor leaks from the connectors replace the Teflon tubing If the barrel leaks contact Lachat Instruments for assistance Note Always degas the diluent with helium All surfaces should be kept clean Use a damp cloth to clean the module surfaces Dry all surf
13. A SAA 45 9 9 2 Reagent Pump Maintenance esse A REE 45 6 10 Temperature Controller essen ee 46 6 11 Dilufsr sep a EN NEE EEE EB 46 6 12Dye o Elo Las CA aan 46 AZ IMD Dye Standards zn en AAA AAA 46 6 13 Galibration Run ANI AS A BE 47 Section 7 Maitena lil 49 Meds ASIS MstrucHons sa EA A A A ee 49 7 2 oystem Sh utd owi Procedure AAA A Een 50 7 3 Manifold Removal Procedur s asinan a a aa ee a SS 50 7 4 Installing Removing the Heater Assembly ee RE EEE Dep 51 7 4 1 Installing the Heater Assemnb ya ea a BEI 51 742 Removing th Heater Assembler eu 52 T apps Heatet Mandiel ek een RO EE 53 Z6 Dil tor Maintenance an elta Rn aa IR HT ie us Rn in 54 Sampler Maintenanee re en aea RS eS EE er rnia iiS 54 7 7 1 ASX 500 Series and ASX 400 Series Maintenance coocccocccnonnnonnncnonnccnnaconnonon anno nnnnnenonnn corona nc nn nora nnnns 54 7 7 2 Rinse Station Tubing Replacemient ne A A A AR 54 78 M intainine he Pps ss coins clone ecient A Aa 55 TI MValveModule rinda ii e AA da ek eo oes eee esos 55 7 9 R pl cing the Valve Module ars ee Rees A AAA 55 7 9 2 Maintaining the Valve Modules u ea en 56 7 10Mainta ining the Flow Call a REEL Ra RO ad cae 57 Replacing the Detector Module un een 57 7 12 Manifold Maltrato e 58 7 Comp tet Maintenance st ESAS ARA 58 7 14Replacins the Lai een 58 TIA LADO gt PECHOS aaa a RE AA ad 58 Page 4 8500TOC fm Table of Contents continued 7 142 Chanenie the Lampie ss a 59 ARE Fuss 2 re o
14. Ae Sy Installme the Probe a en 24 4 6 Fluidie Connections u ee ria 25 4 6 1 Conn ctinge th Rinse Sta tons sn En a EEE 25 4 6 2 Connecting the Sample Line No Dilutor aan essen ee 26 4 7 Connecting the Sampler to a PDS200 Dilutor ne a ae ae ae den 26 Section 5 Dilutor Installation iii Rennen 27 5 1 Cable C nnecH OnSite Ad did a a 27 5 2 PDS200 CONNECTIONS A an he ae ad a bet 27 Page 3 8500TOC fm Table of Contents continued Section 6 System Operation a a neigen 29 Gel Injection Valve Operation ze ot 29 6 11 ject State as sa seem ee plus opta 30 6 1 2 Boad ON 30 6 2 Manifold DIT a en 31 62 L Manit ld Symbole AA SAS AAA AA aE 32 6 3 Fluidie EoNnecetions A A ia 35 63 1 Flow Fit Connections id A A eee 35 6 3 2 Flared Tubing Connections Switching Valve Connections uueeenesseseeenenenesesnenenenenennenenenennnnenen 36 6 3 3 Flow Gell Connections e cds 37 6 32 Pump Tube Connections eeren E A E DA A AAA EE e a 38 6 3 5 Transmission Lines Connections oooocccnnocnccnoonnnnnooonnnnnnonnnnnnonnnonnn conc nono nnnnnnn nn nn noo nn nn cnnnn nn nano nana nann nn cnn nnnno 39 04 Instrument Start up Testi A A 40 GS Getting Ready tor AnaWss ya A A A 40 6 6 Non photomettie Detector ii ii deste 41 LAEV Eiai o Ke Mi betearen atO a PEE ena ala aida ai 41 6 7 1 Injection Valve CONNECHONS visa een 42 6 8 Inert BA 1O 1 AEREA A A a ern Aida 44 02 Pump Operation riada 44 6 9 1 Reagent Pump Shutdown Procedure Ale
15. Manifold tubing 0 8 mm i d Low Flow Manifold Tubing 0 5 mm i d Back pressure loop 0 5 mm i d Teflon tubing O rings Restock O rings when supply is low Transmission tubing Restock transmission tubing when supply is low Refer to Appendix A Parts and Accessories on page 79 to obtain part numbers Call Lachat Instruments to obtain a complete parts list 7 1 Cleaning Instructions Sampler Dilutor Pump Injection Valves Manifolds Maintenance fm Before using any cleaning or decontamination methods except those recommended by Lachat Instruments verify with Lachat Technical Support that the proposed cleaning method will not damage the equipment The general Maintenance Schedule Table 9 can be used as a quick reference Table 9 Maintenance Schedule Clean surfaces x Clean rods moving parts Xx Clean surfaces x Prime dilutor with DI water after using any other diluent Spray silicone on cloth and rub onto rollers Replace pump tubes Clean surfaces Rinse cartridges x Clean pump tube adapters x Clean ports and valve connectors X Clean unions and tees x Replace O rings Xx Replace all tubing X Maintenance Page 49 Maintenance Table 9 Maintenance Schedule continued Detectors Dry and clean all surfaces x Flow Cells Replace flares and O rings x System Unit Keep dry and clean x Computer Clean hard drive x 7 2 System Shutdown Procedure 1 When using a manifold with a column su
16. Rep 1 dete oPhoiphse Concentration 47580 mg P L af iim fa idle These peaks are the result of either reagent limitation or electronic limitation The electronic limitation is between 10 and 11 V If the plateau of the peak is lower than 10 V the problem is due to reagent limitation 8 4 5 1 Common Causes of Flat topped Peaks Incorrect standards The concentration of the standards may be much higher than what is specified in the method This may produce reagent or electronic limitation Make sure that the standards are not contaminated Reagents Reagents could be made improperly or the chemicals used are bad Check the reagent preparation procedure A mistake in the color reagent preparation could cause color reagent limitation Check the age of the reagent and dry chemicals If they have been on the shelf for an extended period of time they may be old and not acceptable for running the analysis Wrong sample loop The sample loop may be too long Verify the sample loop size in the method Manifold The manifold may not match the diagram in the method or the pump tubes may be a different color Make sure the correct interference filter is installed Overrange samples Sample may be too concentrated Dilute those samples or choose a different method Troubleshooting Guide Page 66 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide 8 4 6 No Peaks IN let A 089 4 1584 Tas sl mo IF F T
17. Section 8 12 on page 73 Troubleshooting Guide Page 70 Troubleshoot fm 8 5 1 Troubleshooting Guide After determining the suspect line it is necessary to follow it from the glass weight at the entrance of the reagent to the waste container after the flow cell Check every connection of the suspect line starting from the nipple that holds the glass weight Move towards the pump and onto the manifold In order to find the clog systematically disconnect each fitting Start from the left hand side of the system by the pump and move towards the manifold Finding Blockages e The peristaltic pump is making an unusual noise After lifting all the lines to see if air is aspirated the carrier line has liquid coming out of it The carrier line is the suspect line e Check the nipple by the glass weight to make sure there is no deposit obstructing the aperture e Disconnect the carrier line fitting that is attached to the carrier pump tube adapter which is between the pump tube and the valve If the flow problem is still present when the carrier line is disconnected find the clog or crimp located before the disconnected point If the flow moves forward it is evident there are no total clogs up to that point Put the carrier connection back in place The flow problem will be back Continue this process to find the clog or see if there are any more blockages down stream e Unscrew the connector at port 2 of the valve If the flow
18. System Unit 230 V 10 50 60 Hz 3A T 6 3 A 250 V Environmental Specifications Temperature Use Altitude Relative humidity Pollution degree Installation category Specifications Page 10 Table 3 Environmental Specifications 15 35 C 60 95 F Laboratory Up to 10 000 feet 3 km above sea level Up to 92 5 non condensing Il Il Specification fm 1 1 Scope of Manual Note If any items are missing or damaged please contact Lachat Instruments or your sales representative immediately Components This manual describes the system installation operation and maintenance of the components of the QuikChem 8500 FIA Automated Ion Analyzer The System Unit manages four sample processing modules or channels configured for performing flow injection analysis with photometric detection The number of channels can be expanded to eight by adding a second core Alternate configurations such as potentiometric and amperometric detection methods are described in the analytical method where they are required For complete information on the software refer to the QuikChem FIA Omnion Software Manual or the on line Help system in the software The QuikChem 8500 analyzer is modular in design and consists of the following modules e Dilutor optional e Sampler returned for service should e Reagent Pump 12 or 16 cartridges be shipped in the original packaging material to protect against damage during transportation
19. a A a e a a e aid 14 P urple Purple 0 081 dessen 15 Purple Black 0 090 TI van ae ee euere 16 Purple Orange DADO ee en een Bien lesen 17 Pu rple White 0110 ds tk een 18 Mellow Ble 0 060 des ee onen ee 19 Teflon Tubing Manitold 01022 1 dij TEM ld ls heheee 50927 IA Fe ab 0 Ce PONO TA EEE EE TE rR E E E A E E AE 50928 Microloop T bing Teflon Jam han AAA een 50091 Micr loop Tubins Teflon 12 5 ct ee ea a RR he 50092 Seawater sample Loop 0 042 Td A A r r 50041 Coils Koll SUD ONE innen hd Ai AA ea ia out painin aiia 50016L Eoil n Wrapped Tetlon 0 022 in dann 50981 Coil ns wrapped Ietlon U DIN Te le IA A ge 50916 COUGH PORE in ee ee rs ee EN 50018L Col 23m wrapped Teflon 0 0221 id re 50982 Coll 2 11 wrapped Teflon 0 082m da 50918 Coil SUT OE PP Aare 50017 Coll 2011 wrapped Teflon 0 0 A o o 50983 Coil 20 11 wrapped teflon 0 0520 dee eu 50917 Re aU SUITS ON Ep Si A A E EE 50020 Coil 4 in wrapped Teflon 0 0220 aa ge ee 50984 Coll An Wrapped Teflon U DIN AA AR AAA AAA A A it 50920 Coll Supp PORE mn Re 50022L Coil Bing Wrapped Teflon POIs 50922 Alternating Coils Support Oli sen 50039 Wrapped Teo DDD ae AR 50985 Wrapped Teilen DS ono 50921 Samplers and Accessories Cable interface AS XII D Sii 21415L Kit UDINE ASA Samplers un dd een 89040 Rack OU Position Jemen A A AAA A EA A maedurelee 21302 Rack 90 position Bm 21301L Rack 90 position Dumm wilhinseis ek en 21311 sample Tubes Om LOO
20. a Union Fitting 1 Union Fitting 3 Tube Connector Nut 2 O ring 2 4 Teflon Tubing When a fitting is new the Viton O rings are very tight In this case unscrew the tube connector and remove the O rings with the O ring remover provided in the accessories kit Insert the Teflon tubing through the center of the connector and the two O rings making sure that the threaded end of the connector is towards the tubing end Screw the tube connector in the union fitting The screw connector should be finger tight Note Tubing may become slippery due the natural oil on fingers Use a small piece of paper to hold the tubing to avoid this problem After some use the O rings will become more flexible and allow more rapid tube connections 1 Insert the tubing by loosening the tube connector one quarter turn 2 Slide the tubing through the connector into the union fitting until it stops 3 Press firmly to push the tubing through the O rings Avoid crimping the tubing 4 Finger tighten the nut To ensure that a seal is made gently pull on the tubing It should not easily pull out of the fitting 6 3 2 Flared Tubing Connections Switching Valve Connections The switching valve is a manual valve designed to direct the flow in the manifold Some manifolds that include a column example cadmium column for nitrate reduction may have this type of valve A flared tubing connection
21. detectors with the System Unit power on or power before connectingor detector failure may occur disconnecting the detector module Refer to Figure 52 on page 58 1 N PAN Maintenance fm Lift the detector module from the channel Disconnect the detector quick connect cable and the two fiber optic cables Lift the detector module free of the channel Connect the detector cable and fiber optic cables to the replacement module Snap the detector module into place in the channel Maintenance Page 57 Maintenance Figure 52 Connecting the Detector Module 1 Detector Module bottom view 2 Detector Cable 3 Fiber Optic Cable 7 12 Manifold Maintenance Follow the recommended cleaning procedures listed in the QuikChem methods In addition every 500 hours of use clean each fitting and replace the O rings as necessary If any of the tubing is stained replace it with new tubing Replace all manifold tubing once a year 7 13 Computer Maintenance Refer to the computer manufacturer manual for maintenance requirements 7 14 A A Replacing the Lamp DANGER Disconnect ac input before opening any part of the System Unit and before removing or replacing the lamp Make all wiring connections and replace and secure all chassis parts before reconnecting ac input CAUTION The lamp is hot when the System Unit is turned on Turn the System Unit off and allow 30 minutes for the lamp to fully cool before removing Afte
22. ds 60 7 15 LPDS F se Replacement ne ii ia a A a da 60 7 15 2 Reagent Pump RP 150 Fuse Replacement 22a u es 60 7 6 Parts DESEA A 60 Section 8 Troubleshooting Guide ante 61 8 1 Valve TIO ets A A A A A a 62 5 2 Sampler IMNE ns Bee 62 8 3 Air Spike rs E A tant RTE 62 8 3 Random Air Spikes a ali 62 8 3 2 Patterned Air Spikes rs een seen 63 8 4 Interpreting and Troubleshooting Peak Shape unse 63 8 4 1 Refractiveilndex uu us8 sine es 63 842 PHA ennesenefsei une 64 84 3 Valve Arta ac 65 8 44 A Reel 65 84 3 Flag topped Peaks na ea 66 8 26 No Peaksime SAA A RISO lc 67 8 4 7 Noisy Bae INS esa iss opine eos adel aa Galette get A 68 8 4 8 Drifting Baseline its SES ae eae aS card oes 69 8 4 9 Negative Peaks and Carrier Conammation a a u 70 8 5 FloW A O ats E 70 8 5 1 Finding Block DES en a en 71 8 6 Injection Valve Troubleshooting u ar RA A O Rai 71 8 7 Detector Eat ida 71 8 8 Flow Cell Meas it A nn tn caia ales 72 89 Sampler Troubleshooting s mees e E EEE a 72 09 1 Sampler Errors CR AA A A A R R eN 72 NI O RR O 72 8 1 Pump Te a A iodo 73 SALE Test REED 73 8 12 Makine Universal DE ao 74 8 12 2 Dye Test tor Finding FlowFroblens uns nr EUR ER 74 8 12 3 Dye Test to Determine Valve Problems an A hee 74 8 13 Other Common Problems a lt 75 Appendix A Parts and Accessories sti ai ada 79 REP oda da 80 Appendix B Channel Installation 502 PR ER 83 Installing dd ds a 83 BRemoymsthechanneh anal erleben 85 Appe
23. limiting device This symbol indicates high temperatures and a potential burn hazard This symbol indicates the presence of devices sensitive to electro static discharge ESD damage This symbol identifies a chemical hazard Only individuals trained to work with chemicals should handle chemicals or perform maintenance on chemical delivery systems associated with the equipment This symbol indicates the need for protective eye wear O gt PPb0O0pp gt This symbol identifies the location of the connection for Protective Earth ground Safety fm Page7 Page 8 Safety fm Bench Requirements Ideally the modules are configured in the following left to right order computer with printer monitor keyboard and mouse sampler PDS200 Dilutor reagent pump and system unit Note The sampler and dilutor can be placed on top of the optional shelf accessory in order to conserve bench space The bench space required for a QuikChem FIA System with up to four channels dilutor sampler computer and printer is e Width 2 72 m 9 ft e Depth 0 74 m 2 5 ft e Height 0 58 m 2 ft Module Dimensions Table 1 contains the general dimensions for individual modules Use this table for any system configuration that differs from the one explained above Table 1 Dimensions PDS200 12 7 22 5 23 4 4 ASX 500 Sampler 52 5 46 25 10 ASX 400 Sampler 16 14 16 5 7 3 Reagent Pump RP 100 12 15 26 13 5
24. mani AA 21203L Sample Tubes IT LIO as 21200L sample Tube SUMAR ud o 21208L AppendixA_Parts fm Page 81 Page 82 AppendixA_Parts fm Appendix B Channel Installation The QC8500 can be expanded with modular channels and daisy chain connections Heater controller valve controller and leak detector signals share one ribbon cable The controller cable and power cable connections are made from the new channel to the adjacent channel Fiber optic and detector connections are made directly to the System Unit DANGER Turn off the System Unit and disconnect from power before connecting or disconnecting channels A Installing a New Channel 1 Turn off and unplug the System Unit Note End cover panels 2 Remove the end cover panel on the left valve end of the last channel snap on and off Figure 58 3 Remove the end cover panels on the right detector end of all channels and of the System Unit All connections are made on this end of the system Figure 58 Removing the Cover Panels 1 System Unit 2 Insert screw driver into slot 3 Use a gentle twisting motion to loosen the panel cover 4 Loosen the screws on the System Unit cover and remove the cover Note It is not necessary to disconnect the ground cord on the cover 5 Fit the tongue on the back of the new channel into the groove on the front of the existing channel AppendixB_Channel fm Page 83 Appendix B Channel Installation 6 Secure the ne
25. moving the probe over the wash bath It will eventually place the probe directly above the wash reservoir Later when accessing Omnion on the computer the probe will go down into the wash reservoir The computer monitor will show that Windows is loading Look through the side panel on the System Unit to see if the lamp is on It may take up to one minute for the lamp to turn on This delay lengthens the life span of the lamp The heater controllers will show the current temperature of the blocks Leave the pump turned off until ready to run the test 6 5 Getting Ready for Analysis Note For Windows versions prior to XP and 2000 95 98 NT and ME power on the QC8500 System Operation Page 40 instrument and verify connection to the PC before launching Omnion If the USB connection to the instrument is lost e g momentary interruption of power to the PC or QC8500 instrument from power surges reboot the PC to reestablish communication Windows 2000 and XP will prompt the user to recover the link without rebooting Lachat Instruments strongly recommends using Windows 2000 or Windows XP operating systems with the QC8500 Once the instrument is powered up 1 Determine if the analysis to be performed requires a special detector Most QuikChem methods require a photometric detector module Note The lon Chromatography IC channel optional uses a conductivity module instead of a photometric detector module Install the man
26. or probe to hold it in place The guide slider will move to the upper position with the probe tube slider Using the wheel in the back of the sampler lower both sliders until the guide slider is about 1 mm from the top Make sure that the two sliders are in contact Note Always move the sliders using the wheel at the back of the sampler to avoid crimping the PEEK tubing Install the sample probe through both sliders the probe knob and the opening on the probe guide plate Keep the sliders about 1 mm from the top Adjust the probe so the tip is 3 to 6 mm below the guide plate Secure the probe by tightening the probe knob on the probe tube slider Move the sampler arm to the rinse station extreme left position in the standards rack Verify that the probe tip clears the top of the rinse station when the sampler is in the home position SamplerInstall fm Sampler Installation Figure 21 Probe Tube Assembly 1 Sipper Assembly Tube 4 X Axis Block 7 Home Position Flag 10 O ring 2 Z Drive Assembly 5 Y Axis Lead Screw 8 Sample Probe Guide Plate 11 Sample Transfer Tubing 3 Thumbscrews with Bushings 6 Slider Block Guide Rail 9 Z Axis Slider 4 6 Fluidic Connections 4 6 1 Connecting the Rinse Station Rinse solution is pumped into the bottom of the rinse station and drains to a waste container through drain tubing attached at the top of the station Figure 22 1 Co
27. surfaces thoroughly If an acid spill occurs neutralize the acid with baking soda and then proceed to clean all the surfaces 7 9 A Valve Module CAUTION Turn off System Unit power before connecting or disconnecting the valve module CAUTION Tubing may contain chemical hazards from reagents used in analysis Use standard laboratory practices when handling and replacing tubing Maintenance fm Maintenance Page 55 Maintenance 7 9 1 Replacing the Valve Module Refer to Figure 51 on page 56 1 Disconnect all tubing from the valve Lift the valve module from the channel and disconnect the 6 pin connector Lift the module free of the channel Connect the replacement valve module pP N Snap the valve module back into place in the channel Figure 51 Connecting the Valve Module 1 Valve module bottom view 2 Plug 6 pin valve cable into the board 79 2 Maintaining the Valve Module Valve modules may be damaged by over tightening the valve fittings or by liquid spills To avoid valve damage e Keep the instrument clean and dry at all times e Keep all surfaces clean Use a damp cloth to clean the module surfaces Dry all surfaces thoroughly If an acid spill occurs neutralize the acid with baking soda and then proceed to clean all the surfaces e The rotor seal in the valve module wears with use causing the module to need routine replacement The main cause of early failure is the presence of abrasive particl
28. 0905 01 and certified compliance by Hach Company Standards include EN 61000 3 2 Harmonic Disturbances Caused by Electrical Equipment EN 61000 3 3 Voltage Fluctuation Flicker Disturbances Caused by Electrical Equipment Page 91 Certification Additional Emissions Standard s include EN 55011 CISPR 11 Class A emission limits CANADIAN INTERFERENCE CAUSING EQUIPMENT REGULATION IECS 003 Class A Supporting test records by Hewlett Packard Fort Collins Colorado Hardware Test Center A2LA 0905 01 and certified compliance by Hach Company This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du Reglement sur le mat riel brouilleur du Canada FCC PART 15 Class A Limits Supporting test records by Hewlett Packard Fort Collins Colorado Hardware Test Center A2LA 0905 01 and certified compliance by Hach Company This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 this device may not cause harmful interference and 2 this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Changes or modifications to this unit not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user s authority to operate the equipment This equipment has been tested and found to c
29. 091 Flow cell flare 13 cm Flow cell flare 35 cm HAS E Union Fitting Small Pump Tube Adapter Large Pump Tube Adapter PumpTube Adapter 50021 Transmission Tubing PVC 0 030 ID 50029 Transmission Tubing PVC 0 060 ID Teflon Tubing 50927 Manifold 0 022 ID Green 50928 Manifold 0 032 ID 50041 Seawater Sample Loop 0 042 ID 24927 Switching Valve 50962 Flare Kit for Nitrate 50012 50963 Flare Kit for Sulfate O ring Remover 24012 Connector Amber 24015 Washer 50062 50060 Drill Bit O ring Probe O en Viton A 50100L 9 Degassing Tube 50024L ee 2001 Large Clip Gray Scalpel 50023L Small Clip Gray Nipples 50015 50015A 50014L 50019 Large X Small Reducing a Stainless Steel 31933 50933 Flow Cell QC8000 QC8500 Flow Cell QCAE QCIV Microloop Tubing Teflon 16 cm 50092 Microllop Tubing Teflon 12 5 cm Pump Tubing 534XX PVC 544XX Duraprene 494XX Silicone 654XX Acidflex XX is the number that specifies the pump tube color 05 Orange Yellow 0 020 ID 13 Blue Blue 0 065 ID 06 Orange White 0 025 ID 14 Green Green 0 073 ID 07 Black Black 0 030 ID 15 Purple Purple 0 081 ID 08 Orange Orange 0 035 ID 16 Purple Black 0 090 ID 09 White White 0 040 ID 17 Purple Orange 0 100 ID 10 Red Red 0 045 ID 18 Purple White 0 110 ID 11 Gray Gray 0 051 ID 19 Yellow Blue 0 060 ID Yellow Yellow 0 056 ID AppendixA_Parts fm Size 1 2 25 4 8
30. 18392 Response 02492 Wie 8 3 2 Patterned Air Spikes If the air spikes seem to be present in every peak at the same location air is probably being injected along with the sample slug Check the valve timing of the method by running dye Refer to Section 8 1 on page 62 8 4 Interpreting and Troubleshooting Peak Shapes 8 4 1 Refractive Index A refractive index usually shows up as a negative peak before the analyte peak There may be a small positive peak after the analyte peak A refractive index is the difference in density between the carrier and sample matrices Denon N wack OMN Channel 2 Ean Configaraton Tools window Help Tare al H li TD Ein pa me ans Response 01791 V Sample ID Sarpleda 241 1 jener Rep 1 Anakte Orhophoophale Concertraron 0 0005 mg P L Idle 8 4 1 1 Common Causes of Refractive Index Overacidified samples Some standard procedures recommend acidifying samples to a pH of less than 2 for preservation When working with flow injection analysis this should be interpreted as adjusting the pH just below 2 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide Page 63 Troubleshooting Guide 8 4 2 pH Effect e g 1 95 Most QuikChem methods include recommendations for sample preservation Wrong carrier Check the QuikChem method for the correct carrier for the analysis Make sure that the method used is i
31. 2 module dimensions 9 N nipple metal vs plastic 40 non photometric detectors 41 O overacidified samples 63 P peak shapes descriptions of 63 peaks negative 70 peaks none present 67 pH detector 41 pH effect 64 probe in sample period 62 pump and pump flow symbols 34 pump description 12 pump maintenance 55 pump maintenance schedule 49 pump setup 19 pump start up 19 pump test 73 pump test initial 22 OC failure 76 R reagent limitation 66 reagent line 34 reagent pump dimensions 9 refractive index 63 S sample line description 29 sample loop description 29 sampler description 12 sampler errors 72 sampler fails to initialize 76 sampler identification 23 sampler installation 23 sampler maintenance 54 sampler reaches first valve 62 sampler time out 76 sampler timing 62 sampler troubleshooting 72 shutdown procedure 50 space requirements 9 SPM dimensions 9 start up test 40 switching valve 36 system unit installation 13 system unit description 12 system unit interface panel 13 system unit power cables 13 T tee connectors symbol 35 Teflon tubing 49 temperature controller not heating 77 TKN white precipitate 75 transmission line connections 39 tubing connections flared 36 U universal dye test 73 V valve module maintenance 55 valve timing 62 W warranty 91 93 waste line description 29 waste line installation 16 Index Page 95 Page 96 8500IX fm
32. 4 If necessary mount the Dual Probe Assembly onto the autosampler The probe guide may need to be rotated to accommodate the dual probe Connect the probe sample line attached to the bent tube of the Dual Probe Assembly to port C of the solenoid valve Item 3 in Figure 24 Ensure the ferrule on the line from the straight tube of the Dual Probe Assembly is flush with the end of the tubing Item 5 in Figure 24 Insert the connector from the straight tube of the Dual Probe Assembly into port D of the dilutor Figure 25 and tighten Dilutor Installation Page 27 Dilutor Installation 7 Ensure the ferrule on the dilutor end of the Diluent Line Filter Assembly is flush with the end of the tubing Item 5 in Figure 24 8 Insert the connector from the Diluent Line Filter Assembly into port E of the dilutor and tighten Item 2 in Figure 25 9 Insert the filter end of the Diluent Line Filter Assembly into the diluent Item 12 in Figure 25 Figure 24 Tubing Connectors and Ferrule Placement 1 To DI Water Port A 3 To Sample Probe Line Port C 5 Flush 2 To Pump Analyzer Port B 4 Ferrule Figure 25 Dilutor and Solenoid Valve Fluidic Connections 7 lt 1 To Sample Probe 5 Sampler Computer Connection 9 Sampler Power Supply 2 To Diluent 6 Sampler Power Connection 10 To Pump Analyzer P N 21936 3 Dual
33. 50025 Clip Harness for Manifold 50237A Cadmium Column 50254 Cadmium Column Maintenance Kit 50130 End Fitting 50239 End Cap 59238 Gripper Assembly Interference Filters 50050 SIHHH indicates Label Tie Wrap with the wavelength Customized Text Coils Coil Support Wrapped Wrapped Only Teflon 0 022 ID Teflon 0 032 ID 50016L 50981 50916 50018L 50982 50918 50017 50983 50917 50020 50984 50920 50022L N A 50922 o o o o o o Alternating Coils Coil Support Wrapped Wrapped Only Teflon 0 022 ID Teflon 0 032 ID 50039 50985 50921 Note Drawings are not to scale Page 79 Appendix A Parts and Accessories Replacement Parts Description Part Number Miscellaneous Parts Cadmium Colt liada dll ic 50237A Channel Sample Processing Module aaa ee A85040 Clip Harness for MARIO A A RA E A 50025 Collar Medi blak lo oi 85258 Collar smali white vid ta 85257 Connector AMD a aiii Ads 24012 Drip Tub Assembly IC Option QC8500 siria nee A85010 Drip Tu Assembly Standard QC8500 std hed eu avis ee ee 85037 Flow Gell Flare I 3 e mia ea REKEN Rennes Nee 50065 Blow Cell Elare 35 cies ces A er a ao 50067 Elow ell OC8500 79E8000 As A AS a 31933 Flow Gell OCAE OCW dt ie tee IN BURN ba RO Se 50933 Instrument Manual DESMI r ea E EE E S EAE ETER 85288 Interference Filters the last three digits indicate wavelength ccicoccicononomommo 89XXX Lamp A O A a a UO E AEE EAEE 3106
34. 6 System unit 4 channels 70 5 62 2 26 7 36 3 SPM 69 9 26 4 Divide dimension by 2 54 to convert to inches 5 Multiply weight by 2 2 to convert to pounds 3 Allow an extra 15 cm of height for probe clearance Allow a minimum of 10 cm of free space in the back of the instrument and between modules for cabling and tubing This extra space also offers easy access to the system components Note To allow convenient access to the top and rear ofthe system avoid putting the system under shelving Electrical Specifications e Connect all modules to a surge protected power strip Note Refer to the back of the modules for the proper requirement e This equipment is intended for use in a laboratory e Use only cables and power cords supplied by Lachat Instruments Specifications Specification fm Page 9 Specifications Figure 1 General Guide to Single Phase Voltage and Frequencies Worldwide Northern Japan 50Hz f 100 120V 60Hz EE 220 240V 50Hz 4 General guide to single phase voltage amp frequencies Table 2 Individual Electrical Specifications PDS200 110 240 V ac 50 60 Hz 0 5A T A 250 V ASX 500 Sampler 100 240 V ac 50 60 Hz 15A Fusenot user replaceable ASX 400 Sampler 100 120 V ac 50 60 Hz 200 VA KUSE ng user replaceable 100 or 120 V ac 50 60 Hz 15 VA T A 250 V Reagent Pump RP 100 220 or 240 V ac 50 60 Hz 15 VA T A 250 V 100 115 V 10 50 60 Hz 5A T 6 3 A 250 V
35. 8 1 Valve Timing Note The Time to Valve value of channels 2 and higher is measured from the probe reaching the dye through all previous sample loops except channel 1 to arrival at port 6 of the channel being measured A Time to Valve value must be entered for all channels Setting the method valve timing correctly is critical Poor valve timing may result in absence of peaks presence of air spikes or very small peaks Set the Cycle Period parameter as specified in the QuikChem method When running multiple methods simultaneously use the longest Cycle Period in the QuikChem method To ensure that the valve timing is correct 1 Inject Universal Dye as sample 2 Follow the sample slug and time it Start counting the time when the sample probe goes into the test tube 3 When the dye reaches port six at the first valve look at the time This time is called Time to Valve 82 Sampler Timing Whenever possible leave the sampler timing at the default values If less sample is required for the analysis 1 Decrease the Sample Period 2 Test the new Run Timing setting with dye If either the Sample Period plus Minimum Probe in Wash Period or the Load plus Injection Period is longer than the Method Cycle Period the computer will return an error message indicating the problem 8 3 Air Spike Troubleshooting 8 3 1 Random Air Spikes Note Some reagents should not be degassed Check the QuikChem m
36. 8 on page 47 6 6 Non photometric Detectors Some methods require other types of detectors such as fluoride flame photometers conductivity pH etc Non photometric detectors such as an ISE detector for determination of fluoride do not require the regular flow cell or interference filters Follow the instructions in the QuikChem method for fluidic connections 6 7 Manifold Installation Note Heater mandrels are available in four pre wrapped lengths 175 cm 650 cm 825 cm and 1200 cm Each pre wrapped mandrel is labeled with the length of tubing it carries SystemOperation fm 1 Unwrap the manifold from the bubble pack The manifold is labeled with the QuikChem method number and the name of the analyte Remove the sample loop and the interference filter bag taped to the bottom of the manifold Place the flow cell in the lower slot in the detector Insert the interference filter in the upper slot Unwind the pump tubes and place the manifold on the sample processing module or chosen channel Channel one is always the closest to the System Unit Determine whether the manifold is for a heated chemistry A heated chemistry manifold board will have a hole for routing the tubing from the heater to the manifold For heated chemistries locate the union connector that holds the two ends of the tubing needed for the method Refer to the QuikChem method to determine which length is needed Thread both ends through the hole in
37. 85288 QuikChem 8500 FIA Automated lon Analyzer LACHAT Li INSTRUMENTS A Hach Company Brand O Hach Company 2004 All rights reserved Printed in the U S A te dk 06 04 led Page 2 Title fm Table of Cometa rd Said 3 Safety Precaution So wen ee ae ee 7 Use ot Hazard Informationss messire O A ee 7 PECADO 7 PEA CARON an ea een 9 Bench Requirements spas li coa 9 M d le DIA a o PP ee ve ee ee 9 A E laid tc Me aa 9 Environmental Specifications e e ae ds 10 Section 1 Introduchion ri ii idilio 11 di Bite scr 1220 6 Mantel nee ee aa 11 TAP Syste Unit ausser ee 12 Tio Reagent Pump PASOS dE AD a e cda 12 E AT 12 O A OEE he 12 Section 2 System Unit Installation eeeeeeeenennsnenensensensennsennsnennennnen 13 2 1 Carry Tasca Da 13 2 2 Connecting the Power TP euere 13 23 Conecta 13 2 3 1 Flow Gell Install tion 2 2 2 a ea e a Rerik 14 24 Installing the Waste and Sample Ines 15 24 1 Sample Me aa nee 15 222 Waste Line id een el ei Ata cai 16 20 instale the WEAR IFO 6 dota 17 206 Installingthe Data Sys ee AA SA bis 18 Sechon3 Pump Installation aa ale 19 Sel ce OW ERIS the PUMP tl as 19 32 Installne Pump TUDO A elek 20 3 3 la AAA o on A Nee 22 Section 4 Sampler Installation ae ae ia 23 4 1 Sampler Iype sun es ae ee a A esentated Saasnseneutpesseevaaeaseuaeatt 23 42 Unpacking the ASA DO Pla l E E T ET E E R a 23 4 3 Sampler Setup nn neben 24 AA Mo ntins tez Dive ee ee 24
38. 9 DENE prober Besen AA A 50060 Power Corda l25V OV E EE nes a EE E ae 31906 Power Cord 250V 10A 2 8 208 ehe Hr ae is be SoS Se hee heen aS 31196 Pump Tube Adapter ns a a Re an O Rd 85225 Reagent Line Weight nee nee eek Rede 50045L sample Processing Module Cannel ee es LEA acia A85040 10o PP o o O O 50031 SECO VALVERDE 24927 TES PRI SAA 50902 Transmission Tubing PVC OU A tE AA A AAA 50029 Transmission Tubine PVC 0090 Tdi ii 50021 Union FINS A A 50901 Valve connector white 4 25 A dsd 31077 Was rat tata ite Bees Racha da 24015 Kits Ackessory Kit DIES o A85025 Desassins TODO AAA AA A 50010L El PrP A A A PP 50962 Flate Kit tor Ulla A a ave Aa nbs hee Te ii taa 50963 Maintenance Kit Cadmium Column cccccccccccsscessccesseescceesececssesessecessecessecesseecseceesscecseecsasesessecsseeecesauecsseeeeaes 50254 Pump Tubing PUE iaa 534XX A coun Shien ARTEAK 544XX SIC OME adi E men OE ee IO sae bi Fed eviews 494XX SA A NOR 654XX XX specifies the pump tube color as follows Oran se vello DITA a o ae 05 Orange White 0 025 dee a 06 Bl ack Black 0 030 VA Rn A A SSR EN Bias BN Res aa hg Bek 07 Orange Oran 0 05 e SE ee da 08 White White 00010 Lina ita ta te lata 09 Red Red 0 M O F a di er RR AA a 10 Gray Gray 0 051 Uere ae ra E A A Agate ee eras TE 11 Page 80 AppendixA_Parts fm Appendix A Parts and Accessories Yellow Yellow OAD T E PE E 0 PEA ata 2 Blue Blu amp 006 LH a o A E tests 13 Green Green 0 073 1 4 A
39. Channel 2 5 Waste Lines 7 Waste Line 2 Channel 1 4 Channel 3 6 Waste Container 8 Sample Line The glass weight end of the waste line should be placed in a proper waste container The waste line should never be submerged in the waste solution because this may cause back pressure and flow restrictions Make sure the waste solution is always dripping into the container 2 5 Installing the Manifold Figure 12 Flow Injection Analysis 1 Sample Line 4 To Waste 7 Manifold Configuration Varies 2 Sample Loop 5 Interference Filter 8 Carrier Line 3 To Manifold Inlet 6 From Manifold Outlet 9 Waste or Next Valve System Unit Installation SystemUnitInstall fm Page 17 System Unit Installation The manifold is the reaction module where the chemistry occurs Specific installation requirements are detailed in the Manifold Diagram page 31 included with each chemistry method On the valve connect port 1 to port 4 with the sample loop Connect the Manifold Outlet to the Flow Cell Inlet Install the Interference Filter Connect the carrier line to port 2 on the valve Connect the tubing from port 3 to the connector labeled From Valve A Nee Attach one end of a waste line to the Flow Cell Outlet Drop the other end into a waste container 2 6 Installing the Data System Follow the manufacturer s instructions for set up of the computer keyboard monitor and mouse
40. Omnion software at the end of a run or batch The pump runs at the displayed speed Normal speed is 35 Use the UP and DOWN arrows to alter this setting If Omnion is set to Standby speed the pump will run very slowly and the display will show rc 3 The display rc 3 indicates remote control speed 3 Manual running allows the pump to override the remote control of the standby speed This button toggles between manual speed control and manual stop If the pump is running this button will always stop the pump If the pump is not running this button will still override the remote control from the computer and put the pump in manual stop The manual run button is commonly used for making the pump go to normal speed in order to prime the tubing with reagents Increases pump speed setting Not active when in MIN or MAX modes Decreases pump speed setting Not active when in MIN or MAX modes Place all of the reagent lines into their corresponding containers or in deionized water To avoid reagents leaking onto the system run deionized water through all of the lines to detect any leaks If the manifold has a cadmium column make sure it is bypassed Water and air will damage the cadmium column Note Some methods require certain reagents to be pumped first Example TKN method has a buffer solution which has to be run first to avoid a white precipitate in the manifold tubing Check the QuikChem method for instructions Refer to Section 3 1 P
41. Probe Assembly P N 29915 7 Dilutor Power Connection 11 DI Water Line P N 29940 4 Dilutor Sampler Serial Cable 8 Dilutor Power Supply 12 Diluent Line Filter Assembly P N 29920 Dilutor Installation Page 28 DilutorInstall fm The Lachat QuikChem System automates wet chemical determinations using the principle of Flow Injection Analysis The peristaltic reagent pump draws sample from the sampler into the injection valve Simultaneously reagents are continuously pumped through the system The sample is loaded into the sample loop of one or more injection valves The injection valve is then switched to connect the sample loop in line with the carrier stream This sweeps the sample out of the sample loop and onto the manifold The sample and reagents then merge in the manifold reaction module where the sample can be diluted concentrated dialyzed extracted incubated and derivatized Mixing occurs in the narrow bore tubing under laminar flow conditions For each method the operating parameters are optimized to address high sample throughput high precision and high accuracy The FIA peaks are transient reflecting the non steady state conditions normally employed In FIA equilibrium is usually not attained 6 1 Injection Valve Operation The valve consists of a stator and a rotor Figure 26 The rotor has three tiny grooves through which liquid passes The direction in which the liquid flows through the val
42. Tubing kit with waste line sample line and probe returned for service should be shipped in the original packaging material to 1 Remove the sampler from the shipping carton and protective plastic and protect against damage place on the laboratory bench during transportation To unpack the sampler 2 Remove the probe arm from the styrofoam container and lay carefully on top of the sample racks 3 Open the tubing kit and identify the components required for fluidic connections Sampler Installation SamplerInstall fm Page 23 Sampler Installation 4 3 Sampler Setup 3 Connect the power cord to the power strip that is powered off Connect the RS232C cable to the 9 pin connector COMI on the back of the sampler Connect the other end of the RS232C cable to COM1 on the computer 4 4 Mounting the Z Drive Except for the Z Drive the Sampler is assembled at the factory To mount the Z Drive on the sampler arm 1 Remove thumbscrews and bushings from the drive block located on the sampler arm Figure 21 on page 25 Mount the x axis slider block onto the arm tube Secure the slider block finger tight with the 12 mm thumbscrews installed from the top 4 5 Installing the Probe 1 Sampler Installation Page 24 Loosen the probe knob on the probe tube slider and remove the piece of tubing installed for shipping Lift the probe tube slider until it stops Note The tan knob will come off without the tubing
43. aces thoroughly If an acid spill occurs neutralize the acid with baking soda and then proceed to clean all the surfaces Sampler Maintenance The sampler has been designed for low maintenance No user adjustments are necessary under normal operating conditions ASX 500 Series and ASX 400 Series Maintenance Immediately Wipe off any spills Neutralize acid spills with a commercial acid neutralizer solution Daily Wipe the sample tray and sampler core unit using a lint free cloth dampened with a lab grade cleaning agent Do not allow the cleaning agent to come in contact with the lead screws Wipe off cleaning agent using a lint free towel dampened with water Weekly Wipe loose particles off the y axis lead screw with a dry lint free cloth Monthly Replace the pump tubes on the rinse station assembly Never lubricate the leads screws The lead screw nuts are compounded with a dry film lubricant Oiling the lead screws will cause gumming galling and binding of the sample probe assembly Maintenance fm 7 7 2 N 73 Y Maintenance Rinse Station Tubing Replacement 1 2 Shut down and unplug the sampler Move the sampler arm about 30 cm away from the home position by gently pushing it Carefully disconnect the rinse solution inlet and drain tubing Remove the rinse station tube by rotating the rinse station tube counterclockwise 1 4 turn Remove the rinse station tube from the mounting block by lifting the tu
44. aded the configuration may have changed e The tan PEEK tubing that controls the Z arm has become crimped and the probe cannot move properly Replace the PEEK tubing or contact Lachat Technical Support for assistance e The sampler has encountered a jam in one of the direction of travel Ensure there are no obstructions To test the accuracy of the dilutor run five manually diluted and five autodiluted standards Compare the results to determine if the problem resides in the dilutor or elsewhere Run a dye test Use the dilutor to make a series of standards from the stock Universal dye Use any manifold Make sure the concentrations entered into the Sample tab correspond to the dilutions being performed The filter wavelength should be in the range of 480 to 660 nm The sample loop should be 20 to 25 cm The calibration curve obtained should be linear The residuals should be less than 1 percent If the dilutor leaks contact Lachat Instruments to have it repaired Note The high standard peak amplitude should be less than 5 V If it is higher dilute the stock Universal Dye 1 2 with deionized water Otherwise the calibration will not be linear The wavelength of the filter used should be less than 660 nm An 880 nm filter will not produce peaks Troubleshoot fm 8 11 Pump Test Troubleshooting Guide If the pump is not running at the proper speed follow the procedure below to determine if a calibration is needed 1 Use an a
45. am A manifold is the reaction module where the chemistry occurs This section explains how to read a manifold diagram Each QuikChem Method contains a manifold diagram Figure 29 The manifold diagrams depict reagent flow rather than the manifold layout Both diagrams represent the same manifold The second diagram depicts the new Lachat nomenclature System Operation Page 31 SystemOperation fm System Operation Figure 29 Sample Manifold Diagrams Pump Flow From Water To Wash Bath Fill From Wash To Waste Color Reagent To Port 6 of MER Next Valve or To Sample Loop Microloop Flow Filter 480 nm Cell OR Pump Flow Waste Carrier Sample green Next Valve or Waste Sample Loop Microloop Interference Filter 480 nm 6 2 1 Manifold Symbols 6 2 1 1 Mixing Coil Symbol Mixing coils are typically constructed with 0 8 mm i d Teflon tubing wrapped on a coil support The mixing coil symbol Figure 30 may also represent a back pressure loop Please read any notes regarding this in the QuikChem methods Figure 30 Mixing Coil Symbol AN The number next to the mixing coil symbol indicates the length of the coil support The length of the coil support is measured from hole to hole The length of Teflon tubing wrapped on the coil support is specified below the manifold diagram section in each QuikChem method System Operation Page 32 SystemOperation fm System Operation 6 2 1 2 Coi
46. be straight up Connect the new rinse solution inlet and drain tubing Replace the rinse station tube by pushing the rinse station tube into the mounting block and rotating it clockwise 4 turn Maintaining the Pump The peristaltic pump is susceptible to acid damage The cartridges and cartridge holders can also become acid damaged After daily use rinse the cartridges in deionized water to wash off any spills that may have come in contact with them Clean the pump surfaces except the rollers with a wet cloth Dry all surfaces well To remove rust from the rollers clean with steel wool Apply a very light coat of silicone spray to a lint free cloth and hold it on the moving rollers The silicone will act as a rust inhibitor Check for wear cracks or acid damage on the cartridges and holders Replace as necessary to ensure proper flow during analysis Replace pump tubing as soon as it start to show signs of wear such as flattened sections approximately once per month depending on run frequency If a pump tube bursts immediately clean all cartridges holders and the pump Any spill not immediately cleaned can result in damage to the pump and or parts If pump speed seems too fast or too slow when the speed is set at 35 follow the pump test in the troubleshooting guide to make sure the pump is operating properly See Section 3 on page 19 Keep all surfaces clean Use a damp cloth to clean the module surfaces Dry all
47. called inverse chemistries On the other hand direct chemistries should always produce positive peaks If the carrier of a direct chemistry is spiked or contaminated with the analyte being determined all standards and samples that have a lower concentration than that of the carrier will produce negative peaks To correct the problem get a fresh carrier solution The ISE fluoride method is a bipolar chemistry so the calibration will produce positive and negative peaks that look like carrier contamination In fact the carrier of this chemistry has been spiked with fluoride to increase sensitivity 8 5 Flow Blockages Dennion Run rising baseline from flow blockage omn Channel 1 oethaphas Ir r Time 7377s Aespamme 6ssav 3 hag ae Idle An easy way to find out if there are any flow obstructions is by lifting each of the transmission lines the Tygon tubing that is submerged in every reagent container one at a time so that some air is aspirated Note The pump speed should be at 35 If air in the tubing starts moving towards the pump there is no total blockage or clog in that reagent stream If no air is aspirated a total clog is probably present and the procedure below should be followed to determine the location of the clog The transmission line that does not aspirate air is called the suspect line Sometimes a Dye Test is necessary to determine the presence of a clog or partial clog see
48. ccurate watch or chronometer to measure the time the pump takes to make ten revolutions Remove all pump cartridges from the pump Look for the index marks as shown in Figure 56 Index marks allow the pump revolutions to be counted Manually move the rollers in order to find the revolving index mark on the roller mounting If either mark has faded away make new index marks with a marker Figure 56 Index Marks Angled Top View of Pump 1 Stationary Index Mark 2 Front of Pump 3 Revolving Index Mark 8 12 Dye Test Troubleshoot fm Clamp down a new green green pump tube Make sure the tension lever is set correctly at the 12 o clock vertical position Turn the pump on Press NORMAL RUN The display must show speed of 35 in order to continue this test Refer to Section 3 Pump Installation on page 19 if the display shows anything else Using an accurate watch or chronometer measure the time the pump takes to make ten 10 revolutions The time should be 50 seconds 1 second If the recorded time is less than 49 seconds or more than 51 seconds review the instructions Otherwise contact Lachat Technical Support or a local Lachat Representative for assistance The purpose of running a Dye Test is to help diagnose a problem with the reagent flow or hardware setup If nothing is found the problem is most likely chemistry related It is recommended to use Universal dye Section 8 12 1 and an interference
49. ch as the cadmium column for nitrate take the column off line by rotating the switching valve to the bypass position If the manifold has a column but does not have a switching valve turn off the pump and replace the column with a piece of Teflon tubing Restart the pump Note Some methods require certain reagents typically the buffer to be removed last Check the QuikChem method for instructions 2 Remove the reagent lines from each reagent and rinse off the lines and glass weights before putting them into the rinse solutions 3 If the QuikChem method recommends a rinse solution place all reagent transmission lines into the solution and pump for 5 minutes at standard speed Note This is a critical step in the preventive maintenance of the manifolds 4 Place transmission lines into deionized water and allow the system to rinse for 5 to 10 minutes at standard speed 5 Remove the transmission lines from the deionized water and allow all liquid to be pumped out of the manifold Exception If the manifold has a dialysis block leave all reagent lines in deionized water 6 Turn off the pump and release the pump tube cartridges Pump Installation on page 19 7 Switch off the master power strip after properly closing all files in the computer Note If a lower set point temperature is not specified in the software the heater controller will remain at the original set temperature If the method requires a temperature higher tha
50. e 67 Troubleshooting Guide 8 4 7 Noisy Baseline Tre S1G 7s Piesporas 0 4884 Sample ID Cais Rep 7 Aewkte NO2 Concerto 00280 mg L A a in LT 202 0 Ja de Any baseline will have some noise or disturbances To observe this zoom into the baseline section Baseline noise becomes a problem when it interferes with the analysis Methods that have colored reagent solutions will be typically more noisy A noisy baseline may be easily noticed when running reagents only In order to determine whether it is a hardware or chemistry problem it is necessary to put all the reagent lines in deionized water and run at normal pump speed of 35 If the manifold has a column make sure it is bypassed If after several minutes the noise goes away the problem is most likely related to the chemistry specifically the reagents If noise is present while running deionized water a hardware or a flow problem could exist The flow problem may be caused by the manifold tubing or any of the fittings 8 4 7 1 Common Causes of Noisy Baseline Hardware or Flow Related Noise Pump tubes Old pump tubes are a common cause of noise in the baseline Change all pump tubes once a month or when they are flattened Blockages Clogs and partial clogs may be present in the manifold or waste line Refer to Section 8 5 on page 70 Injection Valve A malfunctioning valve could be responsible for flow fluctuations Refer to Section 8 4 3
51. e running bounce the flow cell to see response on the fiagram If the detector does not respond call Lachat Instruments for assistance Note If the detector is unplugged the baseline will be exactly at zero Troubleshooting Guide Page 71 Troubleshooting Guide 8 8 Flow Cell Leaks If the flow cell leaks from the connectors and or the glass window change the flow cell flares and O rings Flow cell leaks are typically caused by old flares and old O rings Refer to Section 6 3 3 Flow Cell Connections on page 37 to learn more about the flow cell 8 9 Sampler Troubleshooting There are some common problems that can be encountered with any sampler model 8 9 1 Sampler Errors 8 10 Dilutor Troubleshooting Guide Page 72 Error Initializing Autosampler Initialization error can occur when trying to initialize the autosampler in the Configuration menu or when storing a run Possible causes e Sampler is turned off e The sampler cable is unplugged or defective e Sampler was not installed properly Refer to Section 4 Sampler Installation on page 23 e The configuration of the sampler has been changed and it does not match what has been specified on the computer Verify the configuration of the hardware and software Refer to Section 4 Sampler Installation on page 23 Make sure that Omnion has been configured to use the correct sampler Verify the system is configured to use the correct COM port If the software has been relo
52. ee 20042 Resonse 01V When peaks are not present it is important to determine whether or not the baseline shows up This sections assumes that a baseline is present 8 4 6 1 Common Causes Valve Timing settings Sample is not being injected into the manifold Check the valve timing of the method by running some Universal Dye as a sample If the dye is injected properly a peak should appear on the screen If a dye peak appears then troubleshoot the chemistry A dye peak may not appear if the sample loop is too small Reagents When a peak appears with injected dye there may be a problem with the chemistry Lack of color formation may be caused by reagents and or standards that were not made properly Manifold Make sure the correct pump tubes are in use Compare the manifold to the manifold diagram in the method Using wrong pump tubes for the method or erroneous connections could change the chemical reaction This may cause a very low or no response at all Detector The detector may not be functioning properly Preview the baseline During preview bounce the flow cell and watch for a response on the screen If bouncing the flow cell does not cause a response the detector may not be functioning or may be unplugged If the detector is unplugged the baseline will show on the screen at exactly zero volts Make sure that the method is running on the specified channel Make sure the lamp is on Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshoot fm Pag
53. es in the samples Sample should be filtered or centrifuged to avoid scratches on the rotor seal surface Maintenance Page 56 Maintenance fm Maintenance If leaks occur and the above suggestions do not help contact Lachat Instruments for a job number and send the unit in for service immediately to reduce the severity of the damage 7 10 Maintaining the Flow Cell Leaks from the flow cell can cause problems such as no response from the detector Note Leaks are usually 1 caused by a poorly sealed flare Dr a GN When a flow cell appears to leak remove the flow cell immediately to keep all liquids away from the electronics inside the detector head Dry and clean all surfaces Remove the fitting from the flow cell Replace the three O rings and both flares Clean the ports of the flow cell with a cotton swab and deionized water and reassemble Note Leaks can appear to come from the flow cell edges Be sure to have a tightened proper seal at both ports New flow cells may need to be cleaned if air bubbles seem to stick inside the cell Once the manifold is installed 1 2 3 Place all the reagent lines in a 0 25 M sodium hydroxide solution Run the caustic solution for about 5 minutes Place all the reagent lines in DI water to flush out the sodium hydroxide DI water should be run for at least ten minutes 7 11 A Replacing the Detector Module Note Turn off System Unit Never connect or disconnect the
54. ethod that is being Troubleshooting Guide Page 74 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide run The pump should be operating at 35 The sample loop should be approximately 20 cm of Teflon 0 8 mm i d Place the dye standards in the standard vials and start a calibration run Observe the dye going through the sample loop when the valve is in the load state and then being injected onto the manifold when the valve is in the inject state The sample loop should be filled with dye when the valve switches from the load to the inject state If the sample loop is not filled completely adjust the Valve Timing e The calibration should pass if the standards were made properly If poor precision is obtained test the valve see Section 8 6 on page 71 and look for clogs see Section 8 5 on page 70 Poor precision could be established if the standard deviation is greater than 10 percent e If the calibration passes the hardware and manifold are in good condition Verify the chemistry by checking the standards and the entire method procedure again Verify that the manifold matches the diagram in the QuikChem method Check the color of the reagent pump tubes the wavelength of the interference filter the sample loop length heater temperature if it is a heated chemistry etc 8 13 Other Common Problems 20 di Chemistry Related Troubleshoot fm k Y Software Related amp Flow Related L Hardware Related Problem The f
55. ethod to see if the reagents in use can be degassed Troubleshooting Guide Page 62 Random air spikes are more common in methods where heat is used to speed up the chemical reaction If the air spikes occur randomly Figure 55 on page 63 it may be necessary to degas the carrier solution and the other reagents with helium Nitrogen will not degas reagents because the air causing the spikes is mostly composed of nitrogen Argon is ineffective for degassing purposes Read the method to verify what reagents can be degassed Adding a back pressure loop to the manifold may help keep air in solution so no air bubbles are formed after the heating process To make a back pressure loop 1 Cut 200 cm of 0 5 mm i d Teflon tubing 2 Make a loop Use tape to keep it together 3 Connect the back pressure loop to the flow cell exit by using a union fitting While random air spikes may not affect the analysis constant air spikes are a problem One of the most common causes of constant air spikes is introduction of air into the line by running out of reagent Make sure the reagent transmission lines are at the bottom of the containers Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide Figure 55 Random Air Spikes Dennion gt Run 3 air spikes 0MN Channel 1 Phenolics las IN 18 x en Configuration Tools Winden Help lalx D a a gt eje Mem Open Save Rut Prenen Aal Para Fund 4 2898 gt pw Al r Tre
56. filter of 500 nm or greater wavelength There are two important dye tests that can be performed The first test is used for finding flow problems The second test can help find a valve problem or partial clogs that could not be detected with the first test The latter test can also be used to determine whether the sample loop is being filled properly Troubleshooting Guide Page 73 Troubleshooting Guide 8 12 1 Making Universal Dye 1 Ina one liter container pour 7 5 mL or 0 25 fl oz of each green yellow red and blue food dye 2 Fill the container with deionized water and shake it several times Universal Dye is available from Lachat Instruments Part Number 50959 8 12 2 Dye Test for Finding Flow Problems This test will help find blockages in the reagent lines or air leaking into the manifold Place all reagent lines including carrier and sample probe in the Universal Dye Observe how the dye flows through the tubing If a clog is present follow the recommendations of Finding Blockages on page 71 e Are any transmission line pulsating This might be caused by a partial clog Make sure the waste line is dripping into the waste container and not immersed in the waste solution Note The term pulsating refers to the dye moving forward and backward constantly but still moving towards the manifold The tubing itself may also pulse e Does the dye suddenly stop moving forward then move backwards If the dye is flowing back to
57. g the warranty period Lachat Instruments Hach Company agrees that at its option it will repair or replace the defective product or refund the purchase price excluding original shipping and handling charges Any product repaired or replaced under this warranty will be warranted only for the remainder of the original product warranty period This warranty does not apply to consumable products such as chemical reagents or consumable components of a product such as but not limited to lamps and tubing Contact Lachat Instruments Hach Company or a distributor to initiate warranty support Products may not be returned without authorization from Lachat Instruments Hach Company Limitations This warranty does not cover Damage caused by acts of God natural disaster labor unrest acts of war declared or undeclared terrorism civil strife or acts of any governmental jurisdiction e Damage caused by misuse neglect accident or improper application or installation e Damage caused by any repair or attempted repair not authorized by Lachat Instruments Hach Company e Any product not used in accordance with the instructions furnished by Lachat Instruments Hach Company e Computer Printer or any other product which is covered by a warranty of the Original Manufacturer e Freight charges to return merchandise to Lachat Instruments Hach Company e Freight charges on expedited or express shipment of warranted parts or product e Tra
58. he collar onto the pump tube adapter System Operation Page 38 SystemOperation fm System Operation Table 5 Pump Tube Collars White Orange White White Black White Orange White White Black Red Black Gray Black Yellow Black Yellow Blue Black Blue Black Green Black Purple Figure 42 Making Pump Tube Connections Pare Maa y gt I a us C 1 Teflon Tubing 0 5 mm i d 3 O rings 2 5 Metal Nipple 7 Pump Tube 2 Tubing Connector Nut 4 Pump Tube Adapter 6 Collar 6 3 5 Transmission Lines Connections Depending on the inner diameter of the Tygon tubing two pieces of tubing can be connected by a metal or a plastic nipple The metal nipple is used for small inner diameter tubing The plastic nipple is for large inner diameter tubing Figure 43 System Operation SystemOperation fm Page 39 System Operation Figure 43 Using the Metal or Plastic Nipple 1 Metal Nipple 2 Plastic Nipple 6 4 Instrument Start up Test All the modules of the System QuikChem FIA should be connected to a power strip All the individual module switches should be ON 1 2 Turn on the power strip The ASX 500 series and ASX 400 series samplers will automatically perform an operation check by
59. heater assembly see Removing the Heater Assembly on page 52 2 3 4 5 Maintenance fm Connect the 6 pin heater controller cable Connect the 3 pin leak detector cable Connect the 2 pin heater element cable Connect the protective earth PE ground wire terminal See item 4 in Figure 49 on page 52 a Locate the screw in the center of the channel base and directly under the drip tub Heater Controller b Use the screw to secure the PE ground wire terminal to the channel base plate Note This connection is critical to safety and protects from electrical hazards should a heater fault occur Lower the heater assembly into the channel Slide the mandrel tubing assembly over the heater element with the thermocouple cable facing up Connect the thermocouple cable plug into the panel jack on the side of the drip tray Item 3 in Figure 49 on page 52 Place the manifold plate over the drip tray and connect the tubing from the heater to the manifold See the Lachat Method instructions for exact connections Maintenance Page 51 Maintenance Figure 49 Connecting the Heater Assembly 1 Heater Controller 5 Leak Detector Cable with 3 pin connector 2 Leak Detector 6 Heater Element Cable with 2 pin connector 3 Thermocouple Plug and Jack 7 Heater Controller Cable with 6 pin connector 4 PE Ground Cable 7 4 2 Removing the Heater Assembly Refer to Figure 50 on page 53 1 Allow the assembly to c
60. hen the computer is asked to do something it does not understand or it cannot do These errors are more frequently found when more than one program is running on the computer at the same time The system will typically offer two choices Retry or Ignore Choosing Ignore will close the application or program where the problem occurred Exit Windows and restart that application again It is important to identify whether the error is reproducible or random A random error should be documented for future reference If the problem can be reproduced contact Lachat Instruments for assistance Problem Check standards keep failing Solution There are many causes for a check standard to fail Repeating the run over and over again will not fix the problem Look for the causes of the problem Are the check standards made properly Are there flow problems Make sure the calibration curve is acceptable The R should be 0 995 or better In general residuals should be less than 1 for the higher standards and less than 10 for the lower standards Problem Sampler Time Out Solution The sample line or dilutor tubing may impede the free movement of the sample probe Make sure that the system has the latest version of software installed A loose or unplugged sampler cable may be responsible for sampler time outs Refer to Section 4 Sampler Installation on page 23 for correct assembly Troubleshoot fm Troubleshoot fm al al
61. ifold on the channel that will run the analysis Refer to Section 6 7 Manifold Installation on page 41 and Figure 44 on page 42 Make all the injection valve fluidic connections Refer to Section 6 7 1 Injection Valve Connections on page 42 Make all the flow cell fluidic connections when using a photometric detector Refer to Section 6 3 3 Flow Cell Connections on page 37 SystemOperation fm 10 System Operation Set all pump tubes on the pump The number of pump tubes varies from method to method but the sample line and at least one wash line for the sampler must be used for any analysis Run deionized water through all the lines to make sure there are no leaks When performing nitrate analysis or any other method that requires a column make sure that the column is off line If no leaks are found put the reagents in line Note Follow the QuikChem method notes for start up of specific methods Set the heater controller temperature in the Omnion software under the Analyte tab Refer to the QuikChem method for temperature settings Refer to the Omnion 3 0 Software User Manual for heater configuration information If the system has a dilutor place the diluent line E in the diluent i e deionized water Place empty test tubes in the empty tubes rack Pour the calibration standards into standard vials Pour some samples into test tubes Start the analysis by running a worksheet with standards and samples Refer to Figure 4
62. itive displacement to draw diluent water to mix with non flammable samples for analysis See Dilutor Installation on page 27 1 5 Sampler The QC8500 Analyzer works with either the ASX 400 or ASX 500 series autosamplers See Sampler Installation on page 23 Figure 3 QuikChem FIA Cabling Diagram Dilutor Monitor in rear Printer Computer Autosampler Pump gt System Unit Mouse a Keyboard i A i Power Cords Communication Cables Introduction Page 12 Intro fm 2 1 Carrying Instructions A four channel system weighs 36 3 kg 80 Ib Two people are required to move the system between locations Use caution when moving the system to prevent injury Lift the System Unit and channels from the bottom Do not lift by the front panel Always support the entire instrument e g with a cart or a board while transporting 2 2 Connecting the Power Strip 3 Connect the power strip to a power supply Position the power strip on the bench so that other components can be connected Leave the power strip off while installing other system components 2 3 A Connecting the System Unit Note Do not position the 1 equipment in any way that will prevent access to the on off switch See Figure 4 Connect the power cord to the power outlet located on the left hand side of the System Unit Item 2 in Figure 4 The other end of the cab
63. l Support See Table 4 for lengths of tubing needed for wrapping coil supports To wrap the support 1 Insert the tubing in one of the coil support holes Leave approximately 12 cm of loose tubing for connecting the coil to any fitting 2 Start wrapping the tubing on the coil support being careful not to over tighten 3 When there is only 12 cm of tubing left pass the tubing through the other hole Make sure the two ends are passed through the holes in the same direction See Figure 31 Figure 31 Coil Support O 12 cm Table 4 Coil Support Tubing Lengths 1 70 2 135 2 5 168 4 255 8 550 Alternating 255 The alternating coil support has 6 holes When wrapping the tubing on the coil support change the tubing direction clockwise or counterclockwise every time the tubing is passed through a hole Note Refer to the QuikChem method to obtain the correct length of tubing needed for the analysis Table 4 contains general information Some manifold diagrams have all dimensions in the metric system 6 2 1 3 Injection Valve Symbols The injection valve Figure 32 on page 34 will be located on the left side of every channel of the System Unit The numbers around the hexagon represent the six ports on the valve The zig zag or coil symbols represent sample loops This is the tubing connected between ports 1 and 4 The length of this tubing is specified on the manifold diagram Read the notes for the QuikChem FIA System in the
64. le should be connected to the power strip Note Keep the power strip turned off Locate the 9 pin connector of the cable attached to the reagent pump Plug this connector in the outlet for Pump 1 Item 4 in Figure 4 on the interface panel located on the left hand side of the System Unit Connect one USB cable to the outlet labeled for USB in Item 5 in Figure 4 The other end will connect to the computer Note If the system has more than four channels connect a second set of cables to the second System Unit Figure 4 System Unit Connections 1 On Off Switch 2 Power for System Unit 3 High Pressure Pump IC only 5 USB In from Computer 4 Pump Connectors 6 USB Out to second Unit or other USB device SystemUnitInstall fm System Unit Installation Page 13 System Unit Installation 2 3 1 Flow Cell Installation 1 Insert the flow cell into the detector with the printed side bottom down The flow cell is keyed and should be inserted in the corresponding slot of the detector Figure 5 2 Make sure the flow cell is pushed all the way in the slot The bottom flared tubing connector on the flow cell is the inlet and the top connector is the outlet When installing a manifold reaction module it is very important to make the connections accordingly so air bubbles do not get trapped in the flow cell See Figure 6 3
65. lor of the reagents Examples are alkalinity hardness chloride etc This noise is normal 8 4 8 Drifting Baseline Omnian Run rising baseline from flow blockage cenn Channel eethophos 18 x Een Configuration Tools Werden Hio lalx 2 za MSIE APA 8 4 8 1 Common Causes of Drifting Baseline Old chemical or reagent An old reagent may cause a drifting baseline The reagent may have been made hours before the analysis but the chemicals used to make it may be very old Flow problem One of the pump tubes may not be clamped properly Make sure that the pump tubes are clamped down according to the instructions in the System Operation manual Blockages may also cause a drifting baseline Make sure the waste line is freely dripping Contamination One of the reagents and or carrier is contaminated With some chemistries Ammonia TKN it is possible the reagents may be absorbing the contamination from the air Place parafilm on reagent and carrier containers Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshoot fm Page 69 Troubleshooting Guide 8 4 9 Negative Peaks and Carrier Contamination I L jelx HB Bun Configaraton Tools vando He la x 2 als AO una nee neo nen 03385191 n Ps Tere 1043052 Resporas 1 4300 4 A IF F Ee me Negative peaks are normal for some chemistries like hypochlorite alkalinity etc These methods are
66. low is moving backwards Solution There is a blockage on the manifold Refer to Section 8 5 on page 70 Problem Air bubbles are coming out of the heater block but no air is getting into it Solution Degas all reagents with helium unless otherwise indicated in the QuikChem method A back pressure loop may be used to keep the air in solution Refer to Section 8 3 1 on page 62 for instructions on making a back pressure loop If the problem only occurs with samples this might be due to the presence of carbonates Do a carbonate test on some samples by adding few drops of 1M HCl If some foam or effervescence is visible treat the samples to eliminate the carbonates A puncture on the heated tubing wrapped on the heater mandrel could introduce air bubbles Turn the heater off and allow it some time to cool Run some standards to see if the air bubbles persist If this is the case rewrap the heated coil using Teflon tubing 0 032 i d Problem A white precipitate is formed inside the manifold tubing when running TKN Solution Try to remove the precipitate by running a strong solution of sodium hydroxide through all the manifold reagent lines If the precipitate is not removable rewrap the entire manifold and heater This chemistry requires running buffer solution before any of the other reagents IMPORTANT Avoid any precipitate Before running any reagents all the reagent lines should be placed in deionized water Turn the pump on at
67. manifold against the manifold diagram in the method Make sure that the reagent lines are in the correct reagent containers Verify the sample loop Check the standards preparation procedure Make sure the reagents are made properly Test the Valve Timing Problem The ammonia peaks are very small Solution Use the hypochlorite solution recommended in the method This solution should not be degassed Make sure the heater is set at 60 C Other ammonia method issues Too much NaOH in the buffer may cause staining in the tubing after the heater pH at the waste line should be 13 This may also be caused by using household bleach Lachat recommends using a reagent grade 4 6 hypochloride solution Problem The QuikChem method shows support data that cannot be generated on the system Solution Make sure all the QuikChem method steps are followed Any changes in the reagent recipes or manifold may cause problems Some of the reagent recipes are not identical to reference methods Do not substitute chemicals Make sure the manifold is correct Verify the wavelength of the interference filter Look for flow problems Troubleshooting Guide Page 77 Page 78 Troubleshoot fm Figure 57 FIA Accessories Diagram 50901 50906 50907 50905 50007 Large Collar Black 50006 Small Collar White 31077 Valve Connector White 50902 Tee Fitting 50045L C Reagent Line Weight 50065 50067 s 5
68. method The lines coming out of the hexagon represent the Teflon tubing connected to the valve ports System Operation SystemOperation fm Page 33 System Operation Figure 32 Injection Valve Symbols 2 3 2 1 4 SID 4 6 5 6 5 6 2 1 4 Pump and Pump Flow Symbols Figure 33 represents the reagent pump The top arrow indicates the pump flow direction The other two upper lines refer to the rinse water lines attached to the wash reservoir in the Sampler The wash line is connected to the bottom nipple of the wash reservoir Figure 33 Pump and Pump Flow Symbols From Water Pump Tube To Wash Bath Fill To Waste Color Reagent Carrier Sample green 6 2 1 5 Reagent Line Representation The reagents and sample lines are represented by a straight line crossing the rectangle Figure 34 The specified color is the color of the tabs of the pump tubes to use for that line All pump tubes have different color tabs on each side to indicate that the tubing has a certain inner diameter The direction of pump tube installation is not critical Figure 35 Figure 34 Reagent Line Representation Gray Color Reagent Carrier Sample System Operation Page 34 SystemOperation fm System Operation Figure 35 Pump Tube The reagent lines are labeled to indicate the solution going through that line The carrier line is always connected to port 2 of the valve The sample line is always connected to port 6 of the valve
69. n a 60 C lower the temperature setting to 60 C or less before turning the system off y 7 3 Manifold Removal Procedure 1 Rinse the manifold according to Section 7 2 2 Detach manifold tubing from manifold fitting that is connected to port 3 at the injection valve Leave the piece of tubing attached to the injection valve 3 Detach the output of the manifold from the union on the flow cell tubing leaving the union connected to the flow cell flare Remove the back pressure loop if necessary Detach heating unit tubing from manifold if necessary Remove all manifold pump tubes from cartridges Remove the interference filter from the detector module BoM Sg Remove the sample loop from ports 1 and 4 of valve Maintenance Page 50 Maintenance fm 9 Maintenance Remove the manifold from the channel 10 Carefully wrap transmission lines around manifold and store it in the supplied plastic bubble bag 11 To install another manifold refer to Installing the Manifold on page 17 7 4 A A Installing Removing the Heater Assembly CAUTION Turn off System Unit power and allow the heater to cool completely before touching the heater element or mandrel or before installing or removing the heater assembly 7 4 1 Installing the Heater Assembly Refer to Figure 49 on page 52 1 Lift the existing drip tray assembly out of the channel Disconnect the leak detector cable and remove the tray Note If removing a
70. ndix C Ion Chromatography n nase 87 E A esse fe 88 Certification 2 en ee een 91 WALL ti AN tla dd A a 93 A e le u aE FOP REBORN 95 8500TOC fm Page 5 Page 6 8500TOC fm Please read this entire manual before unpacking setting up or operating this instrument Pay particular attention to all danger and caution statements Failure to do so could result in serious injury to the operator or damage to the equipment Do not use or install this equipment in any manner other than that which is specified in this manual Use of Hazard Information If multiple hazards exist this manual will use the signal word Danger Caution Note corresponding to the greatest hazard DANGER Indicates a potentially or imminently hazardous situation which ifnot avoided could result in death or serious injury CAUTION Indicates a potentially hazardous situation that may result in minor or moderate injury NOTE Information that requires special emphasis Precautionary Labels Read all labels and tags attached to the instrument Personal injury or damage to the instrument could occur if not observed This symbol if noted on the instrument references the instruction manual for operation and or safety information This symbol indicates the risk of electrical shock Only individuals qualified to work with hazardous voltages should open the enclosure or remove the barrier This symbol identifies the location of a fuse or current
71. nnect the rinse in end of the wash line assembly to the inlet fitting bottom 2 Install the pump tube with the purple pump tube tabs on the pump See Installing Pump Tubing on page 20 Note The outlet of the tube on the right side of the pump attaches to the inlet of the wash bath Figure 22 Do not lock down the right side of the pump cartridge until ready to perform the test 3 Drop the other end of the wash line into the rinse solution Connect one end of the Tygon drain tubing to the drain fitting top Drop the other end into a waste container Sampler Installation SamplerInstall fm Page 25 Sampler Installation Figure 22 Rinse Station Diagram NL 1 Wash Bath 3 Flow 5 Rinse In Tubing 7 Drain Tubing for Waste 2 Mounting Block 4 Inlet Fitting 6 From Pump 8 Drain Fitting 4 6 2 Connecting the Sample Line No Dilutor 1 Connect the end of the sample line with the union fitting to the probe Install the pump tubing green collar locks in the pump See Installing Pump Tubing on page 20 Do not lock down the right end of the pump tubing 3 Connect the sample line to the injection valve on the system unit 4 7 Connecting the Sampler to a PDS200 Dilutor Systems using a PDS200 dilutor require the ASX 500 Series Sampler and a dual probe See Dilutor Installation on page 27 for installation instructions Sampler Installation Page 26 SamplerInstall fm The PDS200 use
72. not submerged in the waste and is flowing freely e Call Lachat Instruments or a Lachat dealer to get a loaner injection valve to troubleshoot this problem Carryover Carryover can be recognized when two adjacent peaks merge into each other without resolving to baseline Carryover is normal when overrange samples are very high in concentration Run 3 injections of the high standard to determine if a carryover problem is present If the problem only occurs when samples are run change to a different method that can handle the concentrations of the samples 8 4 4 1 Common Causes of Carryover Wrong cycle period If the cycle period is too small carryover will occur when a series of high standards are injected Look up the correct cycle period in the QuikChem method The cycle period is specified in the Sample Timing If overrange samples are expected increase the cycle period by ten seconds Be aware that it will take an extra ten seconds to analyze each sample Wrong sample loop Make sure the sample loop is not larger than specified in the QuikChem method Troubleshooting Guide Page 65 Troubleshooting Guide Wrong standards Verify the standards concentrations The problem may be caused by a standard that is higher in concentration than what the method specifies as the high standard 8 4 5 Flat topped Peaks ness Tae sl J Tre 119605 Resporee 11 58 V Sample ID pebr
73. ntended for the matrix of the samples under analysis Verify the QuikChem method number in the methods list Water methods start with number 10 soil extract methods start with number 12 etc This phenomenon occurs when a change in pH is present Most chemical reactions are pH dependent therefore the colored complex which is formed as a result of the reaction may vary in concentration if the conditions of the analysis are altered All of the QuikChem methods have been developed at the optimal pH of the reaction necessary for the analysis Den 1 pH effes Em Configuration Tools Window Help lalx DI afa gt eje Mem Open Sava Start Preven 02 Af Tene 6 56 Response 012583 sm 5 me tale 8 4 2 1 Common Causes of pH Effect Troubleshooting Guide Page 64 Buffer solution with different pH The chemistry may include a buffer reagent at a different pH than the method specifies This could be due to improper preparation contaminated chemicals contaminated container old chemicals etc Check the recipe in the QuikChem method Frequently the buffer pH has to be adjusted according to the method Changes in the buffer preparation may also result into low responses Sample pH Improper sample preparation and or preservation Determine if the problem occurs with standards or samples to find the cause of the problem Wrong pump tubes Verify the color of pump tubes is correct Refer
74. o Omnion Software Y Open Run file y Prepare reagents Y Install manifold Y Run DI water through manifold Check for leaks If leak free run reagents through Calibrating y Yes Prepare calibration standards Load calibration standards and samples Verify concentrations in Run Properties gt Samples Open existing Run file that contains calibration Delete all samples y Create Run with calibration standards and samples Start Run AA Add new samples to Run After analysis is complete print report SystemOperation fm y C Folow shutdown procedure gt System Operation Page 47 Page 48 SystemOperation fm Preventive maintenance is extremely important to ensure long term operation The following tips will help keep the Lachat QuikChem 8500 operating at maximum potential Keep all modules clean and dry at all times This will minimize the time needed for maintenance and help avoid future repairs The manufacturer recommends starting a weekly maintenance schedule and keeping basic spare parts in stock Table 8 Table 8 Basic Spare Parts Check the manifolds and make a list of the pump tube colors Pump tubes Green green pump tubes are the only spare tubes included with a new instrument A new instrument includes spare Teflon tubing Restock Teflon tubing when supply is low
75. omply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense The following techniques of reducing the interference problems are applied easily 1 Disconnect the QC8500 Analyzer from the power source to verify that it is or is not the source of the interference 2 If the Model is connected into the same outlet as the device with which it is interfering try another outlet 3 Move the Model QC8500 Analyzer away from the device receiving the interference Reposition the receiving antenna for the device receiving the interference Try combinations of the above Certification Page 92 Certification fm Warranty fm Limited Warranty Lachat Instruments a Hach Company Brand warrants the QuikChem 8500 System to the original purchaser against any defects that are due to faulty material or workmanship for a period of one year from date of shipment In the event that a defect is discovered durin
76. on page 65 Flow cell Air could be trapped in the flow cell Tap the flow cell to get rid of the air If the air seems to be stuck in the flow cell place all reagent lines in a 1 M HCl solution Run the HCI solution for about 5 minutes Place all the reagent lines in deionized water and rinse for about 10 minutes Make sure the flow cell is oriented correctly writing side down with the inlet at the bottom and outlet at the top Peristaltic pump The pump may be malfunctioning and varying the speed of the rollers Check the pump by following the procedure in Section 8 11 Pump Test on page 73 Troubleshooting Guide Page 68 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide Electronic noise Electronic noise can be identified by inserting an empty and clean flow cell in the detector as well as an interference filter Do not pump any reagents at this time Run any worksheet to see the baseline on the screen If the baseline is noisy when there are no reagents going through the flow cell the detector may be faulty or the light bulb may be causing the problem For instruments with more than one channel test the other detectors for noise Call Lachat Instruments if electronic noise is suspected Chemistry Related Noise Reagents One or several reagents may have suspended particles Make sure the reagents are in solution completely The reagents may also be old or contaminated Note Some chemistries have a slight noisy baseline due to the co
77. ool completely then disconnect the tubing from the manifold Remove the manifold Lift the assembly from the channel Disconnect the heater controller cable heater element cable PE ground cable and the leak detector cable 4 Remove the heater assembly Maintenance Page 52 Maintenance fm Maintenance Figure 50 Removing the Heater Mandrel 1 Channel Cover Manifold Plate 5 Heater Element 2 Thermocouple Plug 6 Leak Sensor 3 Mandrel 7 Thermocouple Jack 4 Drip Tray 7 5 A Wrapping a Heater Mandrel Note Mandrels are available in four pre wrapped lengths 175 cm 650 cm 825 cm and 1200 cm Each pre wrapped mandrel is labeled with the length of tubing it carries See Appendix A Parts and Accessories on page 79 Maintenance fm CAUTION Use only exact replacement heater wrap tubing and tape or insulation specified by Lachat Instruments CAUTION Turn off System Unit power and allow the heater to cool completely before touching the heater element or mandrel The length of tubing required for different heated chemistries may vary Chemistry manifolds are labeled with the length of heater wrap required 175 cm 650 cm 825 cm and 1200 cm To change or replace a length of tubing wrapped around the heater mandrel 1 After the mandrel has cooled disconnect both ends of the tubing from the manifold 2 Disconnect the thermocouple plug from the jack on the side of the drip tray Item
78. or empty tubes 6 12 Dye Test Standards To evaluate the operation of the system run tests with Universal Dye instead of reagents This technique is helpful for troubleshooting problems not related to the reagents All of the reagent lines can be put in deionized water The standards will be solutions of dye at different concentrations 6 12 1 Mixing Dye Standards System Operation Page 46 Make sure that the Universal Dye which comes with the system has been diluted according to the directions on the label Note The dye will not be detected with the 880 nm filter Table 7 shows the quantity of Universal Dye solution and deionized water for four standards Table 7 Dye Standards Standard A 50 50 Standard B 75 25 Standard C 87 5 12 5 Standard D 93 75 6 25 SystemOperation fm System Operation 1 Locate the Sampler cups for the standards Pour the standard solutions into the vials The Dye Test requires four standard vials 3 Position the vials on the standards rack making sure the high standard is in the first position Note The position of the standards can be any standards rack position as long its location is specified in the software 6 13 Calibration Run Once the installation of the manifold has been completed refer to the Omnion 3 0 Software User Manual for calibration run details Figure 48 System Operation Turn the power on Ensure all system components are powered e Log int
79. ort 3 tubing needs to be long enough to reach from the valve to the manifold No minimum length is required 6 7 1 1 Injection Valve Tubing FAQs Is the length of tubing critical The tubing length is critical for the sample path Run dye as sample to determine the sample path The length of the reagent lines is not critical What is the permissible error when measuring tubing 2 mm for every 50 cm of tubing Allowed error mm Tubing length 50 x 2 6 8 Inert Probe The probe supplied with the system is made of stainless steel This probe is used to run with most of the methods However some methods require an inert probe made out of Teflon or other inert materials Refer to the system notes in the QuikChem method for this information 6 9 Pump Operation When using new pump tubes for the first time allow the pump to run approximately ten minutes in order to obtain constant flow rates Table 6 shows the functions of each button on the pump System Operation Page 44 SystemOperation fm MIN MAX NORMAL RUN MANUAL RUN STOP Up Arrow Down Arrow System Operation Table 6 Pump Button Functions Sets the pump speed to 4 Sets speed to maximum of 999 Button must be kept depressed in order to maintain maximum speed Note If this button is depressed too long the pump will stop to prevent the motor burning out Normal run starts the pump and permits remote control of the pump standby speed as determined by the
80. ould be ruming at normal speed of 35 The NORMAL LED will be illuminated If the display shows a different speed press the ARROW button to change the setting to 35 Press the MIN button The MIN LED will be illuminated The display will show a speed of 4 Hold down the MAX button until the MAX LED is illuminated The display will show the speed of 999 The pump should go back to the original speed when the MAX button is released To stop the pump press the MANUAL RUN STOP button No LEDs will be illuminated but the display will show 35 the pump speed Press the MANUAL RUN STOP button again The MANUAL LED will be illuminated The pump will be running at normal speed of 35 Press the MANUAL RUN STOP button to stop the pump To repeat any of the steps above turn off the pump and start with Step 1 If any of the steps above fail contact Lachat Technical Support or a local Lachat Representative ReagentPumpInstall fm 4 1 Sampler Type The QuikChem 8500 can be used with either the ASX 500 Series Sampler or the ASX 400 Series Sampler Figure 20 Installation is the same for both samplers Figure 20 Autosamplers ASX 500 ASX 400 4 2 Unpacking the ASX Sampler Note If any of these items ASX samplers are shipped with are missing or damaged please contact Lachat e Sample tray s assembled and installed Instruments or your sales e Probe tube in styrofoam container representative immediately Instruments
81. ovides information on a sample loop If the sample loop specified here is 10 cm the system QuikChem FIA will need 15 5 cm of 0 8 mm Teflon tubing between ports 1 and 4 PORT 2 The carrier line should be connected to port 2 Connect the carrier line to port 2 at the valve Use 30 cm of 0 8 mm i d Teflon tubing PORT 3 Connect 20 cm of 0 8 mm i d Teflon tubing between port 3 and the fitting on the manifold labeled From Valve unless specified differently in the method PORT 5 Connect 15 cm of 0 8 mm i d Teflon tubing between port 5 and the waste line When running two or more channels simultaneously the 15 cm piece of tubing should be connected from port 5 of the first valve to port 6 of the second valve The last valve should have port 5 connected to the waste line PORT 6 Connect a sample line to port 6 A sample line typically consists of e 130 cm length of Teflon tubing e 20 cm length of Teflon tubing e Two pump tube adapters black collar e A green green pump tube with both ends trimmed to leave 2 cm of tubing beyond the green tabs All Teflon tubing is 0 8 mm i d The 130 cm piece of Teflon tubing is connected to the probe on the Sampler The 20 cm piece of tubing should be connected to port 6 of the valve System Operation Page 43 System Operation Figure 47 Tubing Length Requirements 1 Sample Loop per QuikChem method 3 20cm 5 30cm 2 30cm 4 15cm Suggested length P
82. owering the Pump on page 19 to learn how to mount the cartridges onto the Reagent pump 6 9 1 Reagent Pump Shutdown Procedure 1 Press the MANUAL RUN STOP button to stop the pump Turn off the green power switch or turn off the power strip 2 Release all of the cartridges Leaving the pump tubes clamped down for more than a few minutes causes the tubing to become flat and require replacement To release the cartridges press on the cartridge holder until the pump tube cartridge is released The pump tube can be left on the cartridges The tension lever has no effect on the pump tube when the cartridge is not clamped down 6 9 2 Reagent Pump Maintenance SystemOperation fm The Reagent Pump RP 100 Series does not require any special maintenance When operated according to the guidelines stated in this manual the tubing is the only part that needs replacement depending on the application and the operating conditions Use only Lachat tubing to ensure optimal performance If a spill occurs neutralize it immediately Clean the pump and cartridges well Use isopropyl alcohol to clean the rollers Do not lubricate the rollers with oil All pump surfaces should be kept clean and dry System Operation Page 45 System Operation 6 10 A Temperature Controller Note Always set the run and post run temperature in the Omnion software 6 11 Dilutor Setup All heater properties including the run temperature set point when to send the
83. problem disappears it is evident that there are no clogs up to that point before the valve Then reconnect port 2 and continue to look for the clog If after disconnecting port 2 the problem does not go away there is an indication of a clog between the pump tube adapter and the valve connector e Unscrew the valve connector at port 3 If nothing comes out of port 3 there is an internal clog in the valve or a blockage in the sample loop Otherwise continue to check each connection on the manifold with this process Clogs can be eliminated by cleaning the connectors tees unions etc or replacing the Teflon tubing 8 6 Injection Valve Troubleshooting Valves should be kept clean at all times Proper maintenance will help prevent many problems There are two main problems that can occur with the valve clogs and hardware failure Refer to Section 8 5 1 Finding Blockages to determine if blockages exist in the injection valve If the valve does not turn make sure that the cables are connected properly A loose valve cable could also cause problems Make sure that the valve is connected properly Section 6 7 1 Injection Valve Connections on page 42 If a motor or any electronic failure occurs send the valve to Lachat Instruments for repair 8 7 Detector Fault Troubleshoot fm It is important not to connect a detector to the System Unit when the power is on To determine if a detector is at fault run a method can be a dry run Whil
84. r installing a new lamp make sure all wiring is dressed away from hot surfaces Note Handle lamp on outside of reflector and base only Do not handle lamp bulb glass 7 14 1 Lamp Specifications e Tungsten Halogen Lamp GE Constant Color Lamp e Lachat Cat No 31069 Maintenance Page 58 Maintenance fm Maintenance 7 14 2 Changing the Lamp Refer to Figure 53 for lamp replacement Do not touch the lamp bulb during installation Handle the lamp by the reflector and base only 1 2 3 4 Remove the top panel of the System Unit Locate the spare lamp secured by a strap to the inside of the System Unit Loosen the two screws on the lamp cover and slide it out of the way Locate the lever attached to the lamp socket Gently pull the lever toward the back of the socket to push the lamp off the socket floor When the lamp is approximately half way out remove the used lamp from the socket and discard Push the lever back to the fully upright position Slide the two prongs at the end of the replacement lamp into the socket Reinstall the lamp cover and the System Unit cover Figure 53 Replacing the Tungsten Lamp 1 Gently pull the lever toward the back of the socket to lift the lamp from the floor of the socket 2 Lift and remove the old lamp 3 Push the lever back to the fully upright position Slide the two prongs at the end of the replacement lamp into the socket Maintenance fm
85. requires flared tubing 0 5 mm i d from the switching valve flare kit Lachat Part No 50962 The valve connector is shorter than the tube connector See Figure 39 on page 37 To make a connection with the valve 1 Slide a metal washer onto the flared tubing then a valve connector The threads of the connector should face the metal washer 2 Screw the connector into the valve and finger tighten System Operation Page 36 SystemOperation fm System Operation Figure 39 Connecting Flared Tubing 1 Tubing 3 Metal Washer 5 Switching Valve 2 Valve Connector 4 Flare 6 3 3 Flow Cell Connections Flow cell connections are a combination of the connections described in Section 6 3 2 1 Slide three O rings over a flow cell flare 2 Insert this flare into a flow cell connector so the threaded end faces the O rings See Figure 40 3 Screw the connector into the flow cell finger tight Figure 40 Connecting the Flow Cell 1 1 Flow Cell Connector 3 Flare 2 Flow Cell 4 O Ring 3 4 Place the flow cell into the lower slot of the detector Figure 45 on page 42 Press firmly until it snaps into place The flow cell is keyed so it can only be inserted one way 5 Connect the top tubing of the flow cell to a waste line The bottom tubing
86. rest in the inject state 6 1 1 Inject State When the valve is in the inject state the carrier stream is pumped into port 2 and directed to port 1 to flow through the sample loop The carrier then comes out port 3 and flows onto the manifold The sample stream goes into port 6 and out port 5 to waste See Figure 27 Figure 27 Inject State 1 Sample Loop 3 To Manifold 5 Sample Line Tubing from Adjacent Valve 2 Carrier Line 4 Waste Line Next Valve During the inject state the sample loop is filled with carrier When the valve switches to the load state some carrier will be trapped in the sample loop The carrier that was trapped in the sample loop at the inject state will be swept out to waste by the sample stream The sample stream will pass through the sample loop and eventually go to waste 6 1 2 Load State During the load state the sample loop is being filled with sample When the valve switches back to the inject state the sample flowing through the sample loop is trapped momentarily This sample whose volume can be calculated from the length and inner diameter of the tubing used is swept onto the manifold by carrier for reaction and analysis See Figure 28 System Operation Page 30 SystemOperation fm System Operation Figure 28 Load State 1 Sample Loop 3 To Manifold 5 Sample Line Tubing from Adjacent Valve 2 Carrier Line 4 Waste Line Next Valve 6 2 Manifold Diagr
87. s positive displacement to draw deionized water or other diluent to mix with non flammable samples for analysis For operation the PDS200 Dilutor requires An ASX 500 Series autosampler with upgraded firmware ASX 500 Series serial number 080313 or greater For older ASX 500 samplers contact Technical Support at 1 800 247 7613 or support lachatinstruments com Installation of Omnion 3 0 218 or higher 5 1 Cable Connections Make sure the dilutor power switch is off Figure 23 Turn off and disconnect the power strip Connect the Desktop Power Supply with power cable Lachat Part No 5011200 to the dilutor Figure 23 Plug the other end into the power strip Connect the male connector of the 9 pin serial cable to the back of the dilutor Figure 23B Connect the other end to the dilutor port on the back of the autosampler Figure 23 PDS200 Dilutor 1 Power Indicator Light 3 Serial Cable Connector 5 Power Cable Connector 2 On Off Switch 4 Solenoid Valve 5 2 PDS200 Connections Note Probe speed on existing autosamplers has been reduced to improve performance The autosampler may produce a different sound as a result DilutorInstall fm 1 Connect the DI Water Line to Port A of the solenoid valve of the dilutor Item 1 in Figure 24 Place the other end of the line into the DI water Figure 25 Connect the Sample Line Assembly to port B of the solenoid valve Item 2 in Figure 2
88. set point to the heater element and post run set point are set in the Omnion 3 0 software Refer to the Omnion 3 0 User Guide for more information The temperature can be viewed real time with the controller on the heater assembly For systems using the PDS200 dilutor make sure to place the diluent line in diluent usually deionized water Remember that all triggered dilutions will be performed at the end of the tray run All requested dilutions will be performed at the time the sample is in the tray run sequence Triggered dilutions The instrument recognizes any sample that is over the concentration range of the method It allows 10 of the high standard concentration for extrapolation The instrument automatically dilutes all over range samples This feature must be specified in the analyte table in the Omnion software Requested dilutions Program the dilution factor for a specific sample This factor is specified in the Run Worksheet Refer to the Omnion 3 0 User Guide for more information Note Requested dilutions could be used for making calibration standards from a stock standard The tray should include all calibration standards Specify the same cup number for all of them e g cup 15 Place the stock standard in that cup e g 15 Indicate the dilution factor for each calibration standard accordingly The dilutor system needs an empty tubes rack for performing dilutions The ASX 500 series sampler has the fourth rack reserved f
89. speed of 35 Run the water for one minute Place the buffer line in the buffer container Troubleshooting Guide Page 75 Troubleshooting Guide Troubleshooting Guide Page 76 Run the buffer for a couple of minutes Put the rest of the reagents in line When the chemistry run is complete the buffer line should be the last one removed and put in the deionized water rinse container The buffer in the TKN method is very close to saturation If some crystals are formed in the bottom of the container try remaking the buffer by adding the reagents in the following order 1 Dissolve the sodium phosphate dibasic heptahydrate in the water 2 Add the disodium EDTA and stir until dissolved The solution will be slightly turbid 3 Add the sodium hydroxide and dissolve completely by shaking or stirring Problem The diagrams and reports show areas but no concentrations for all samples Solution The system has not been calibrated The Calibration Results should show the calibration curves for the channels run Problem Sampler fails to initialize to Wash Solution Before attempting to troubleshoot this problem make sure the system has the latest version of software installed This problem could be caused by the sampler itself or a loose sampler cable Read Section 4 Sampler Installation on page 23 Problem The computer shows that an Application Error has occurred Solution Application errors can occur w
90. the QuikChem method for details Figure 62 Conductivity Module Bottom View 1 Conductivity Module 2 Detector Cable Connection 3 Not Used 4 Power Cable Connection Manifold Installation Most IC manifolds will have two columns a guard column and an analytical column The purpose of the guard column is to protect the analytical column Any unwanted particulates will be retained in the guard column Some organic compounds oils and grease that may damage the packing material of the columns would be trapped in the guard column before getting to the analytical column Page 88 Figure 63 shows an example of a manifold diagram Refer to the QuikChem method for specific installation requirements AppendixC_IonChromatography fm Appendix C Ion Chromatography Figure 63 QuikChem Manifold Diagram for IC Example to port 6 of next valve G dguard column CM conductivity module A analytical column V1 six port valve S suppressor column V2 ten port valve AppendixC_IonChromatography fm Page 89 Page 90 AppendixC_lonChromatography fm Certification fm Hach Coompany certifies this instrument was tested thoroughly inspected and found to meet its published specifications when it was shipped from the factory The Model QC8500 has been tested and is certified as indicated to the following instrumentation standards Product Safety e UL 61010A 1
91. the cartridges Figure 17 Make sure that the tabs lock into the adaptor Pump Installation Page 20 ReagentPumplInstall fm Pump Installation Figure 17 Placing the Pump Tubing onto the Cartridges Y Old gt 5 1 Tension Lever 3 Adapter 5 To Injection Valve or Manifold 7 From Probe or Reagent 2 Pump Tube Cartridge 4 Pump Tube Tab 6 Pump Tube Move the tension lever to the right most position up position Install the pump cartridge by engaging one side of the cartridge onto the cartridge holder then clamp down the other side Figure 18 The tension levers should always be on the left side of the pump An arrow indented on top of the cartridges shows the flow direction The pump should be moving when the cartridge is clamped down Figure 18 Installing the Pump Cartridge Reagent Pump 5 Move the tension lever to the left until it clicks into place Figure 19 The tension lever should be approximately at the 12 o clock position Note Release tension by moving the lever back to the right 6 Store unused cartridges Pump Installation Page 21 ReagentPumpInstall fm Pump Installation Figure 19 Setting the Tension Lever 1 One Click Back 3 3 Reagent Pump Initial Test 1 Pump Installation Page 22 Make sure that the Omnion software is not active at this time Press the NORMAL RUN button The pump sh
92. the container most likely there is a clog somewhere in that reagent stream Check the path of the solution from the reagent container to the waste container located after the flow cell e Are any air bubbles in the transmission lines or tubing on the manifold f that is the case check the connections prior to the location where the bubbles are visible Look for crimped tubing where the connection is made Make sure two O rings are in place at every tee or union connector This test can also reveal any incorrect connections on the manifold or at the valve A particular line can be immersed in Universal dye solution and the others in deionized water Follow the flow of the dye to verify the correct path of that particular reagent 8 12 3 Dye Test to Determine Valve Problems Make up a series of dye standards that can be run with the method in use Specify two injections for each standard and use a first order polynomial fit Another option is to make up four dye standards and write a new method using exactly the same parameters for the method in use The concentrations for the standards could be any sequence of four numbers in descending order Each standard should be half the concentration of the preceding one e g 20 10 572 5 Table 11 Example of Dye Standards A 100 100 B 50 150 C 25 175 D 12 5 187 5 e All the reagent lines should be immersed in deionized water The manifold for this test should correspond to the diagram of the m
93. the manifold Make both connections according to the manifold diagram in the QuikChem method See Wrapping a Heater Mandrel on page 53 for more information System Operation Page 41 System Operation Figure 44 Flow Injection Analysis Sample Loop Ba Waste Waste me Carrier Manifold gt gt Detector Reagents Buffers Diluents Figure 45 Photometric Detector 1 Filter 2 Flow Cell 6 7 1 Injection Valve Connections PORTS 1 AND 4 The tubing that connects these two ports is called the sample loop The length of the sample loop is specified in the method Use 0 8 mm i d Teflon tubing for the sample loop unless the QuikChem method specifies otherwise See Figure 46 on page 43 System Operation Page 42 SystemOperation fm System Operation Figure 46 Input and Output Valve Connection State 1 Sample Loop 3 To Manifold 5 Sample Line Tubing from Adjacent Valve 2 Carrier Line 4 Waste Line Next Valve SystemOperation fm A sample loop may also be a Microloop which consists of 12 5 cm or 16 cm of 0 3 mm i d Teflon tubing Note If the method does not specifically provide the length of the sample loop for the system QuikChem FIA add 5 5 cm to the length used with the Lachat AE system Example The method does not specify the sample loop length for the system QuikChem FIA but the manifold diagram pr
94. to the manifold diagram in the QuikChem method Clogs or partial clogs Look for any blockages on the manifold Run a dye test to help find blockages Refer to Section 8 5 on page 70 Reagent preparation Make sure all of the reagents are properly prepared according to the QuikChem method Troubleshoot fm 8 4 3 8 4 4 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide Valve Artifact Oenion Run 2 valve tuening OMN Channel 1 HARDNESS Jalx en Configuration Tools Winden Help lelx Da a e Mew Open Pr Aut Prem 281 5 24175 Al PA af Tire 307795 Response 47080 IF y ia ita 01 Ale e Faja tale This problem manifests itself when the valve is not operating properly The symptom is noise occurring before each analyte peak A valve artifact can be mistaken for a refractive index Valve artifacts are more noticeable when one or more reagents are colored e To make sure the problem is caused by the valve switch to another channel e For systems with only one channel a Place the sample probe or sample line in the carrier solution or place some of the carrier solution into a sample tube b Run3 or 4 injections using the carrier as the sample If the problem is still present the injection valve is probably at fault e Make sure that the sample loop is not the cause of the problem e Check for flow restrictions in the manifold e Verify that the waste line in
95. ve depends on the alignment of the grooves with the holes on the stator Figure 26 Stator and Rotor 1 Stator 2 Rotor The six port injection valve provides port connections for the following Sample Line The sample is pumped from the sampler or the sample probe to port 6 on the injection valve Tubing that connects ports 1 and 4 The sample loop determines the volume of sample to be injected onto Sample Loop f the manifold for analysis This is an artificial blank solution that will carry or sweep the sample onto the manifold The carrier line input Carrier Line is always connected to port 2 The carrier solution and the carrier line to be used for an analysis are specified in the QuikChem method Manifold The carrier stream exits the valve at port 3 and flows to the manifold When running one channel only the waste line is connected to port 5 on the injection valve When running Waste Line two or more channels simultaneously port 5 of the first injection valve is connected to port 6 of the second SystemOperation fm injection valve Port 5 of the second injection valve will then be connected to waste The connection between ports 5 and 6 consists of 15 cm Teflon tubing 0 8 mm i d System Operation Page 29 System Operation The injection valve has two states the inject state and the load state The valve will be moving bi directionally between those two states When the system is not in operation the valves
96. vel fees associated with on site warranty repair This warranty contains the sole express warranty made by Lachat Instruments Hach Company in connection with its products All implied warranties including without limitation the warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose are expressly disclaimed Some states within the United States do not allow the disclaimer of implied warranties and if this is true in your state the above limitation may not apply to you This warranty gives you specific rights and you may also have other rights that vary from state to state This warranty constitutes the final complete and exclusive statement of warranty terms and no person is authorized to make any other warranties or representations on behalf of Lachat Instruments Hach Company Limitation of Remedies The remedies of repair replacement or refund of purchase price as stated above are the exclusive remedies for the breach of this warranty On the basis of strict liability or under any other legal theory in no event shall Lachat Instruments Hach Company be liable for any incidental or consequential damages of any kind for breach of warranty or negligence Page 93 Page 94 Warranty fm A air bubbles 75 air spikes 62 alternating coil 33 ammonia 77 application error 76 autosampler description 12 autosampler errors 72 autosampler installation 23 autosampler maintenance 54 autosampler troubleshooting 72 B baseline
97. ving the Channel DANGER Turn off and disconnect power from the System Unit before adding or removing channels or channel components AppendixB_Channel fm 1 Se nm PLE Turn off and unplug the System Unit Remove the cover panel on the left valve end of the last channel Remove the cover panels on the right detector end of all channels and of the System Unit All connections are made on this end of the system Loosen the screws on the System Unit cover and remove the cover Disconnect the fiber optic cable from the terminal Disconnect the detector cable from the System Unit panel Disconnect the ac power cable and controller cable from the adjacent channel Loosen the bottom screw on each end of the channel Lift the channel and set aside Snap the cover panels into place Replace the System Unit cover and tighten the screws Page 85 Pag e 86 AppendixB_Channel fm Note Some IC applications require different hardware Refer to the QuikChem method for specific requirements The channel for Ion Chromatography IC consists of a 6 port injection valve and a 10 port suppressor valve connected through a split cable and a conductivity module The 10 port valve is mounted in the heater assembly drip tray The conductivity module connects to the System Unit through the detector cable Figure 61 IC Channel 1 Six port Injection Valve 2 Ten port Suppressor Valve 3 Conductivity Module
98. w channel by tightening the bottom screw on each end of the channel 7 Connect the ac power cable to the ac connector on the adjacent channel item 3 Figure 59 Figure 59 Connecting Additional Channels Channel 2 Channel 1 The channel closest to the System Unit is always Channel 1 Power cables ac are connected from channel to channel System Unit All detector cables connect to the System Unit The connector slots on the System Unit correspond to channels 1 4 with channel 1 at the top ap jN gt All fiber optic cables connect to the System Unit IC Channels do not have fiber optic cables 7 The connector cable is connected from channel to channel 8 Connect the controller cable to the adjacent channel 9 Connect the detector cable to the System Unit connector that corresponds to the new channel For example when adding a third channel connect the detector cable to the third connector on the System Unit 10 Thread the fiber optic cable into the opening on the System Unit Plug the cable into an available opening on the terminal opposite the Tungsten lamp Figure 60 Page 84 AppendixB_Channel fm Appendix B Channel Installation Figure 60 Connecting the Fiber Optic Cable 1 Lamp cover 3 Fiber optic cables plug into available openings in the connector terminal 2 Lamp connector terminal 4 Ground cord for System Unit A Remo
99. ystem includes an accessories kit The accessories kit contains spare manifold parts and manifold tubing to get started Always keep PTFE manifold tubing and pump tubes in stock for frequently run methods See Figure 57 FIA Accessories Diagram on page 79 Maintenance fm Read the entire Troubleshooting Guide before troubleshooting a specific problem Figure 54 General Troubleshooting Process Problem of unknown origin Able to access Omnion No gt Call Lachat Tech Support Yes Good peaks on run No gt Place reagent lines in DI Water and run DYE as Good peaks with dye No gt Check valve timing detector injection valve lamp Look for sample blockages Yes y Instrument and timing are OK Check manifold Yes connections filter and reagents lt De Check Calibration 2 calibration fit Rerun peak acceptable No peak integration gt and weighting M detection correct entry of method standard values i Yes Are check es o Look for flow standards No gt prep m assing R valve and problems P residuals Yes Find topic in this Call Lachat section Problem No Tech Support resolved ppor Troubleshooting Guide Page 61 Troubleshoot fm Troubleshooting Guide

QuikChem® 8500 FIA Automated Ion Analyzer

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QuikChem&reg; 8500 FIA Automated Ion Analyzer

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QuikChem® 8500 FIA Automated Ion Analyzer