2400 Series User Manual
Contents
1. Model Power 12V 2433 15 0 Watts into 3REN 12V 2433 17 5 Watts into 12V 2433 20 0 Watts into SREN Digium Inc Page 61 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms ANSI American National Standards Institute An organization which proposes and establishes standards for international communications asynchronous Not synchronized not timed to an outside clock source Transmission is controlled by start bits at the beginning and stop bits at the end of each character Asynchronous communications are often found in internet access and remote office applications attenuation The dissipation of a transmitted signal s power as it travels over a wire bandwidth The capacity to carry traffic Higher bandwidth indicates the ability to transfer more data in a given time period bit The smallest element of information in a digital system A bit can be either a zero or a one bps bits per second A measurement of transmission speed across a data connection Digium Inc Page 62 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms broadband Broadband transmission shares the bandwidth of a particular medium copper or fiber optic to integrate multiple signals The channels take up different frequencies on the cable integrating voice data and video over one line channel A generic term for an individual data stream Serv2. 32ms 512 64ms 1024 128ms Note Higher values will result in dramatically increased CPU consumption In order to optimize system performance users are encouraged to choose the minimum value required to cancel their echo Digium Inc Page 46 Chapter 3 Configuration Voicemail Open voicemail conf and find the following line at the bottom default 1234 gt 4242 Mark Spencer rootOlocalhost In this example 1234 is the mailbox number 4242 is the password Mark Spencer is the person s name and root localhost is his email address You can add extensions by adding the following 1000 gt 1234 Moose Member moose digium com 2000 gt 1234 Bill Savage bsavageGdigium com Digium Inc Page 47 Chapter 3 Configuration Dial Plan Open extensions conf which contains a large complex sample dial plan In this step you will configure a basic dial plan to enable you to send and receive calls Go to the bottom of the file and add the following lines Internal exten 1000 1 Dial DAHDI 1 20 rt exten gt 1000 2 Voicemail 1000 u exten gt 1000 102 Voicemail 1000 b exten 2000 1 Dial DAHDI 2 20 rt exten 2000 2 Voicemail 2000 u exten gt 2000 102 Voicemail 2000 b exten 8500 1 VoiceMailMain exten 8501 1 MusicOnHold exten gt 9 1 Dial DAHDI g2 www EXTEN 1 exten gt 9 2 Congestion Incoming exten gt s l Answer exten gt s 2 Dial DAHDI g1 20 rt exten gt s s 3 V
3. Chapter 2 Card Installation Module Identification The 2400 Series card ships with FXO and or FXS quad modules in place These are identified by their color Take a moment to identify which quad modules were shipped with your card FXO Foreign Exchange Office quad modules are Red FXS Foreign Exchange Station quad modules are Green See Figure 5 on page 24 for an example of the card shown with three of each quad module Note It is important to identify the type and location of your 2400 Series quad modules You will need this information during the Asterisk configuration There are multiple configurations in which the 2400 Series card may be purchased Each configuration consists of one to six FXS and or FXO quad modules See Table 1 on page 26 for a complete list of possible configurations The 2400 Series cards may also be combined with Digium s hardware based echo canceler model VPMADTO32 See Figure 6 on page 25 for an example of the AEX2400 card shown with one of each quad analog module and the echo cancellation module Digium Inc Page 23 Chapter 2 Card Installation Female FXS FXO RJ 21X Quad Modules Quad Modules Green Red Power Echo f Supply Cancellation Connection Module Figure 5 TDM2400P Card Model TDM2433E Digium Inc Page 24 Chapter 2 Card Installation Female FXO FXS RJ 21X Quad Modules Quad Modules Echo Power Cancellation Supply
4. 30 Software Installation llli 33 Installing Asterisk U 37 Chapter 3 Configuration 22i eR e e eased een TE DES ce 39 Driver Configuration tee 40 Digium Inc Page 11 Table Of Contents Configuring Card Features 45 d eh px UO E ED LUDERE d 47 Testing Your Configuration 49 Chapter 4 FXS and FXO Explained 51 Identification ia eee 51 FXS Module 1k cete do es qb X CA 51 EXO Module y ERR CURES bae CE 51 Using Your 2400 Series 52 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 53 Appendix A Pin Assignments 58 Specifications ee eee eee tee ee ees 59 Physical Ep 59 Interfaces ses cos ee q Cahua wasa 59 Environments z us x ese bow qax 60 Hardware and Software Requirements 60 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms 62 Page 12 Digium Inc Release 2 0 Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Digium Inc L
5. 12 fxsks 13 24 OR fxoks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 fxsks 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 6 DAHDI uses modular echo cancellers that are configured per channel The echo cancellers are compiled and installed as part of the dahdi linux package You can specify the echo canceller to be used for each channel The default behavior is for there to be no echo canceller on any channel So itis very important that you specify one in the Digium Inc Page 42 Chapter 3 Configuration system conf file if you do not have hardware echo cancellers and need echo cancellation The format is echocanceller echocanceller name channel s A list of valid echo cancellers are specified in the sample system conf file The following is a typical setup using software based echo cancellation echocanceller mg2 1 23 7 Load DAHDI drivers into the kernel using the modprobe utility The appropriate driver for the 2400 Series cards is wctdm24xxp Users should use the following modprobe command modprobe wctdm24xxp dahdi cfg vv dmesg Digium Inc Page 43 dahdi Telephony Interface Registered on major 196 dahdit Version 2 1 0 4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 5 Port 5 Port 7 Port 8 Port 9 Port 10 Port 11 Port 12 Port 13 Port 14 Port 15 Port 15 Port 17 Port 18 Port 13 Port 20 Port 21 Port 22 Port 23 Port 24 Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installe
6. devices Observe precautions for handling devices Wear a properly grounded electrostatic discharge ESD wrist strap while handling the device The Electrical Hazard Symbol indicates a possibility of electrical shock when operating this unit in certain situations To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed gt p gt Digium Inc Page 7 Important Safety Instructions User Cautions Warning This card must be used with the PC lid screwed down Telecommunications network voltages exist inside the PC The PC must be shut down and telecommunications line connection shall be removed before opening the PC Electrical Shock To reduce the risk of injury damage to the unit or your equipment do not attempt to touch the modules while they are powered The case should be securely closed before power is applied to the unit Alarm Dialing Equipment If your home has specially wired alarm equipment connected to the telephone line ensure the installation of the 2400 Series does not disable your alarm equipment If you have questions consult your telephone company or a qualified installer Servicing Do not attempt to service this card unless specifically instructed to do so Do not attempt to remove the card from your equipment while power is present Refer servicing to qualified service personnel Water and Moisture Do not spill liquids on this unit Do not operate this equipment in a we
7. division multiplexer A device that supports simultaneous transmission of multiple data streams into a single high speed data stream TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other telco A generic name which refers to the telephone companies throughout the world including RBOCs LECs and PTTs tip and ring The standard termination on the two conductors of a telephone circuit named after the physical appearance of the contact areas on the jack plug twisted pair Two copper wires commonly used for telephony and data communications The wires are wrapped loosely around each other to minimize radio frequency interference or interference from other pairs in the same bundle Digium Inc Page 70 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms V volts VoIP Voice over IP Technology used for transmitting voice traffic over a data network using the Internet Protocol Digium Inc Page 71
8. in fxotune conf A recommendation is to put fxotune s in your distribution s startup scripts at some point after the DAHDI module loads and before Asterisk executes Note The digit after the i option is the digit that will break dialtone on the line There is a slight echo How can I adjust the sound quality Digium Inc Page 54 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting There are several options available to correct this Each involves editing the chan dahdi conf file Be sure to restart Asterisk upon completion 1 Adjust echocancel yes to one of the following values 32 64 128 or 256 2 You can also set echotraining yes 3 You can also adjust the rxgain and the txgain although it is only recommended to shift between 5 and 5 How can I enable more features To view all of the options available to add to your dial plan type the following commands from within Asterisk CLI gt core show applications CLI core show functions Digium also offers services to help configure and add features you might need Contact Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 for more information Digium Inc Page 55 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Common Fixes 1 Check to see if the X Window System e g X Org Server is running by entering the following ps aux grep X If the X Window System is running stop the application since it may cause a conflict with Asterisk 2 Check to see if your PATA IDE hard drives are running
9. 72 cm PCB size does not include the PCI bracket or retainer Weight 5 8 oz 164 43gm with no modules loaded Each quad module adds 1 oz 28 3gm Interfaces Local Loop Access Industry standard 50 pin RJ 21 amphenol Note RJ 21 cables and patch panels are available from Digium PCI Bus TDM2400P 3 3V or 5V bus slot full length full height 33MHz minimum bus speed compliant with PCI 2 2 or greater AEX2400 PCI E X1 compliant with PCI E X1 1 0 or greater Additional Power Four pin 12V connector for FXS power supply required only if FXS modules are installed Digium Inc Page 59 Appendix B Specifications Environment Temperature 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F operation 20 to 70 C 4 to 158 F storage Humidity 10 to 90 non condensing Note Operating temperature is limited to 0 to 40 C 32 to 104 F when used with optional PWR2400B Power Bracket Hardware and Software Requirements 800 Mhz Pentium III or better 64MB RAM Available PCI or PCI Express Slot as described previously Table B 1 Maximum Power Consumption Model Power 3 3V All TDM models 1 0 Watt 3 3V All AEX models 4 0 Watts 3 3V All AEX E models 4 7 Watts 5V All TDM models 9 0 Watts 5V All AEX models 0 0 Watts 12V AEX TDM2406E 11 0 Watt into IREN 12V 2433 12 0 Watts into 2REN Digium Inc Page 60 Appendix B Specifications Table B 1 Maximum Power Consumption
10. Digium Inc Page 19 Chapter 1 Overview Asterisk as a Feature Media Server Need an IVR Asterisk s got you covered How about a conference bridge Yep It s in there What about an automated attendant Asterisk does that too How about a replacement for your aging legacy voicemail system Can do Unified messaging No problem Need a telephony interface for your web site Ok Asterisk in the Call Center Asterisk has been adopted by call centers around the world based on its flexibility Call center and contact center developers have built complete ACD systems based on Asterisk Asterisk has also added new life to existing call center solutions by adding remote IP agent capabilities advanced skills based routing predictive and bulk dialing and more Asterisk in the Network Internet Telephony Service Providers ITSPs competitive local exchange carriers CLECS and even first tier incumbents have discovered the power of open source communications with Asterisk Feature servers hosted services clusters voicemail systems pre paid calling solutions all based on Asterisk have helped reduce costs and enabled flexibility Asterisk Everywhere Asterisk has become the basis for thousands of communications solutions If you need to communicate Asterisk is your answer For more information on Asterisk visit http www asterisk org or http www digium com Digium Inc Page 20 Chapter 2 Card Installation Chapter 2 Card Inst
11. GE lum 2400 Series AEX2400 TDM2400P eS 089 User Manual 601 00013 Rev C Digium Inc 445 Jan Davis Drive Huntsville AL 35806 United States lu m Main Number 1 256 428 6000 Tech Support 1 256 428 6161 U S Toll Free 1 877 344 4861 Sales 1 256 428 6262 www digium com www asterisk org www asterisknow org Digium Inc 2009 All rights reserved No part of this publication may be copied distributed transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any human or computer language without the prior written permission of Digium Inc Digium Inc has made every effort to ensure that the instructions contained in this document are adequate and error free The manufacturer will if necessary explain issues which may not be covered by this documentation The manufacturer s liability for any errors in the documents is limited to the correction of errors and the aforementioned advisory services This document has been prepared for use by professional and properly trained personnel and the customer assumes full responsibility when using it Adobe and Acrobat are registered trademarks and Acrobat Reader is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated Asterisk Digium Switchvox and AsteriskNOW are registered trademarks and Asterisk Business Edition AsteriskGUI and Asterisk Appliance are trademarks of Digium Inc Any other trademarks mentioned in the document are the property of the
12. Module Connection Figure 6 AEX2400 Card Model TDM2433E Digium Inc Page 25 Chapter 2 Card Installation Card Identification There are multiple configurations in which a 2400 Series card may be purchased Each configuration consists of a combination of quad modules and may also include the VPMADT032 echo cancellation module See Table 1 on page 26 for a list of the most common TDM2400P configurations See Table 2 on page 27 for a list of the most common AEX2400 configurations The lists are not complete but rather an example of the configurations available It is easiest to identify your card by understanding the naming scheme for each card The first two digits are the maximum port count of the card The third digit is the number of FXS station modules present on the card The fourth digit is the number of FXO office modules present on the card Table 1 Example TDM2400P Card Configurations FXO FXS Card ID Ports TDM2401B 1 quad module TDM2406B 6 quad FXO modules TDM2433B 3 quad FXO modules and 3 quad FXS modules TDM2451B 5 quad FXS and 1 quad FXO modules TDM2460B 6 FXS modules Digium Inc Page 26 Chapter 2 Card Installation Table 2 Example AEX2400 Card Configurations FXO FXS Card ID Ports AEX2401B 1 quad module AEX2406B 6 quad FXO modules AEX2433B 3 quad FXO modules and 3 quad FXS modules AEX2451B 5 quad FXS and 1 qu
13. Server 4 FXO Figure 1 Sample Application Channel Bank Digium Inc Page 15 Chapter 1 Overview Figure 3 Sample Application Toll bypass Digium Inc Page 16 Chapter 1 Overview Figure 4 Sample Application Analog to VoIP Transcoding Digium Inc Page 17 Chapter 1 Overview Echo Cancellation Users connecting their 2400 Series cards to the PSTN or other devices are likely to be placing calls that will result at some point in an unbalanced 4 wire 2 wire hybrid The result of this hybrid is the reflection of a near end echo to the calling party Elimination of this echo is the responsibility of echo cancellation The 2400 Series cards unless otherwise equipped utilize Asterisk to perform software based echo cancellation Asterisk maintains a number of open source echo cancelers These open source echo cancelers provide a moderate level of echo cancellation but are not capable of dealing with higher levels of or more advanced echoes Digium recommends that those users concerned about echo cancellation purchase the VPMADTO032 hardware echo cancellation module The VPMADTO32 may be combined with both TDM2400P and AEX2400 The VPMADTO032 is designed to handle up to 128ms of echo cancellation across all channels and provides a G 168 echo cancellation solution Digium Inc Page 18 Chapter 1 Overview What is Asterisk Asterisk is the world s leading open source telepho
14. Specify the two letter country code for your loadzone and defaultzone This will preload tone zone data and specify a default tone zone for your interfaces The following is a typical setup for a telco in the US loadzone us defaultzone us Digium Inc Page 40 Chapter 3 Configuration 3 Specify the channel definitions The format is device channel list A list of valid devices are specified in the sample system conf file If your card has any red FXO quad modules add the following to system conf fxsks fxsks uses kewlstart signalling which is loopstart signalling with disconnect supervision For example a TDM2406E card would be configured as the following fxsks 1 24 OR fxsks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 You should have identified the type of 2400 Series card when you received it If you are not sure refer to Module Identification on page 23 for assistance Note The 2400 Series cards do not support Ground Start signaling Digium Inc Page 41 Chapter 3 Configuration 4 If your card has any green FXS quad modules add the following fxoks fxoks uses kewlstart signalling which is loopstart signalling with disconnect supervision For example a TDM2460E card would be configured as the following fxoks 1 24 OR fxoks 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 5 Anexample TDM2433E card configuration would be fxoks 1
15. ad FXO modules AEX2460B 6 FXS modules Digium Inc Page 27 Chapter 2 Card Installation FXS and FXO Connection The 2400 Series card provides a 50 pin RJ 21X connector for access to the FXS and or FXO quad modules installed in the six available slots The diagram in Figure A 1 on page 58 provides the pinout for this connector Caution Only qualified service personnel should continue with hardware installation and configuration of the 2400 Series card Users should not attempt to perform these functions themselves Slot Compatibility Check the type of card you received to be sure it is compatible with your PCI slot To determine which slot you have identify it by comparing it to those shown in Figure 7 on page 29 Slot Number 0 AGP Pro Slot 1 64 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 2 64 bit 3 3 volt PCI Slot 3 32 bit 5 0 volt PCI Slot 4 PCI Express Slot Digium Inc Page 28 Chapter 2 Card Installation Figure 7 Motherboard Slots The TDM2400P card is a 32 bit 33MHz card keyed for universal 3 3 volt or 5 0 volt operation and works in any PCI 2 2 or greater compliant slot This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 7 the TDM2400 card will fit into Slots 1 2 or 3 PCI slots but will not fit into Slot O AGP slot or Slot 4 PCI Express slot The AEX2400 card is a PCI Express card Slot 4 illustrated above is a 1 lane X1 PCI Express compliant slot The AEX2400 will work in any PCI Express co
16. allation This chapter provides the following information Unpacking the Card on page 22 Shipment Inspection on page 22 Module Identification on page 23 Card Identification on page 26 FXS and FXO Connection on page 28 Slot Compatibility on page 28 Hardware Installation on page 30 Software Installation on page 33 Installing Asterisk on page 35 Digium Inc Page 21 Chapter 2 Card Installation Unpacking the Card When you unpack your card carefully inspect it for any damage that may have occurred in shipment If damage is suspected file a claim with the carrier and contact the reseller from which the card was purchased or contact Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 Keep the original shipping container to use for future shipment or proof of damage during shipment Note Only qualified service personnel should install the card Users should not attempt to perform this function themselves The installer must ensure that the equipment is permanently connected equipment pluggable type B or connected to a socket outlet that has been checked to ensure that it is reliably earthed in accordance with the National Electrical Code This card is intended for installation in a Restricted Access Location RAL only Shipment Inspection The following items are included in shipment of a 2400 Series card m 2400 Series card TDM2400P or AEX2400 and or FXS quad module s depending on configuration Digium Inc Page 22
17. allerid no callwaiting yes threewaycalling yes transfer yes echocancel yes echocancelwhenbridged yes rxgain 0 0 txgain 0 0 FXS Modules group 1 signalling fxo ks context Internal channel 1 8 FXO Modules group 2 echocancel yes signalling fxs ks context Incoming Digium Inc Page 45 Chapter 3 Configuration channel 9 16 Users of Digium s hardware echo cancellation module VPMADTO032 should set the echocancel option to yes The module will automatically configure itself to run at full capacity 1024 taps 128ms on each channel Users without the VPMADTO32 using open source echo cancelers included with DAHDI should configure echocancel to the values 128 16ms or 256 32ms Setting yes will default the option to 128 16ms Users who have not purchased a 2400 Series card with the hardware echo cancellation module are encouraged to take advantage of Digium s High Performance Echo Canceler software This commercially licensed software which is made available at no charge to in warranty Digium analog interface card customers provide toll quality echo cancellation performed on the host CPU at up to 1024 taps 128ms per channel For further details about HPEC please refer to the Digium website here http www digium com en products software hpec php When HPEC is enabled users may set the value of the echocancel parameter to any of the following values 128 16ms 256
18. d AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXS DPO Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode Installed AUTO FXO FCC mode VPH100 Not Present VPHADTOS2 Loading firmware Success Booting VPMADTO32 VPMADTOS2 Present and operational Firmware version 107 Found a Wildcard TDM Wildcard TDM2400P 24 modules Figure 10 Example dmesg Screen Shot Chapter 3 Configuration Note Output as shown above may vary depending on the 2400 Series card you use Digium Inc Page 44 Chapter 3 Configuration Configuring Card Features You will need to modify the chan dahdi conf file which is located in the letc asterisk directory in order to configure the essential features of your card This file is the configuration layer between DAHDI and Asterisk The following is a sample configuration for a TDM2422B card You can place this at the bottom of your chan dahdi conf file General options usecallerid yes hidec
19. ice and A law at a digital bit rate of 64 Kbps This algorithm is used for digital telephone sets on digital PBX G 723 1 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 6 3 Kbps or 5 3 Kbps G 729a A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive audio over telephone lines at 8 Kbps H 323 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for multimedia communications over packet based networks IAX Inter Asterisk eXchange The native VoIP protocol used by Asterisk It is an IETF standard used to enable VoIP connections between Asterisk servers and between servers and clients that also use the IAX protocol Digium Inc Page 66 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms iLBC internet Low Bitrate Codec A free speech codec used for voice over IP It is designed for narrow band speech with a payload bitrate of 13 33 kbps frame length 30ms and 15 2 kbps frame length 20 ms ILEC incumbent local exchange carrier The LECs that were the original carriers in the market prior to the entry of competition and therefore have the dominant position in the market interface A point of contact between two systems networks or devices ISO International Standards Organization LED light emitting diode Linux A robust feature packed open so
20. ice providers can use multiplexing techniques to transmit multiple channels over a common medium Cat5 Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Cat 5 cabling support applications up to 100 MHz Cat5E Category of Performance for wiring and cabling Category 5 Enhanced wiring supports signal rates up to 100 MHz but adheres to stricter quality specifications CLEC competitive local exchange carrier A term for telephone companies established after the Telecommunications Act of 1996 deregulated the LECs CLECs compete with ILECS to offer local service See also LEC and Digium Inc Page 63 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms CO central office The CO houses local switching equipment All local access lines in a particular geographic area terminate at this facility which is usually owned and operated by an ILEC CPE customer premises equipment Terminal equipment which is connected to the telecommunications network and which resides within the home or office of the customer This includes telephones modems terminals routers and television set top boxes DAHDI Digium Asterisk Hardware Device Interface A telephony project dedicated to implementing a reasonable and affordable computer telephony platform into the world marketplace Also the collective name for the Digium provided drivers for Digium telephony interface products DS0 Digital Signal Level 0 A voice grade channel of 64 Kbps The worldwide standa
21. identifier that has the format US AAAEQ TXXXX The digits represented by are the REN without a decimal point e g 03 is a REN of 0 3 If the 2400 Series causes harm to the telephone network the telephone company may notify you in advance that temporary discontinuance of service may be required But if advance notice is not practical the telephone company will notify you as soon as possible Also you will be advised of your right to file a complaint with the FCC if you believe it is necessary Digium Inc Page 4 The telephone company may make changes in its facilities equipment operations or procedures that could affect the operation of the equipment If this happens the telephone company will provide advance notice in order for you to make necessary modifications to maintain uninterrupted service Federal Communications Commission Part 15 This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules Operation is subject to the following two conditions 1 This device may no cause harmful interference and 2 This device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undesired operation Industry Canada This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulation Cet appareil numerique de la class A respecte les exigences du Reglement sur le Material Brouilleur du Canada Digium Inc Page 5 Introduction to 2400 Series Documentation This manual c
22. ir respective owners Digium Inc Page 2 Safety Certification and Agency Approvals Safety US CSA 60950 IEC 60950 EN 60950 Other CE Mark 2002 95 EC Restrictions on Hazardous Substances RoHS 2005 747 EC lead free exemption Annex C Telecom FCC Part 68 ANSI ITA 968 A Including Amendment A1 and A2 PTC220 EMC FCC Part 15 Class A EN55022 CISPR22 Class A EN55025 IEC 61000 Digium Inc Page 3 Federal Communications Commission Part 68 This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC rules and the requirements adopted by the ACTA On the back of the 2400 Series printed circuit board is a label that contains among other information a product identifier in the format US AAAEQ TXXXxX If requested this number must be provided to the telephone company A plug and jack used to connect this equipment to the premises wiring and telephone network must comply with the applicable FCC Part 68 rules and requirements adopted by the ACTA The REN is used to determine the number of devices that may be connected to a telephone line Excessive RENs on a telephone line may result in the devices not ringing in response to an incoming call In most but not all areas the sum of RENs should not exceed five 5 0 To be certain of the number of devices that may be connected to a line as determined by the total RENS contact the local telephone company For products approved after July 23 2001 the REN is part of the product
23. ist of Figures Sample Application Channel Bank 15 Sample Application Legacy PBX 16 Sample Application Toll bypass 16 Sample Application Analog to VoIP Transcoding 17 TDM2400P Card Model TDM2433E 24 AEX2400 Card Model TDM2433E 25 Motherboard Slots 29 Insert the Card 30 Connect Power for FXS Quad Modules 31 Example dmesg Screen Shot 44 Sample Application 50 Page 13 Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table B 1 Digium Inc List of Tables Example TDM2400P Card Configurations 26 Example AEX2400 Card Configurations 27 Card Identifiers 35 Maximum Power Consumption 60 Page 14 Chapter 1 Overview Chapter 1 Overview The 2400 Series cards are versatile devices used for connecting your phone network to the PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network world This is accomplished through phone lines connected to the FXO Foreign Exchange Office ports and phones connected via the FXS Foreign Exchange Station ports The cards allow Asterisk to connect to your phone network creating an office type telephony environment There are a variety of applications where the 2400 Series cards can prove useful Some examples are provided in the following figures 4x20 PBX Asterisk
24. lic circuit switched telephone networks Originally a network Digium Inc Page 68 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms of fixed line analog telephone systems the PSTN is now almost entirely digital and now includes mobile as well as fixed telephones PPP point to point protocol Type of communications link that connects a single device to another single device such as a remote terminal to a host computer PSTN public switched telephone network A communications network which uses telephones to establish connections between two points Also referred to as the dial network QoS quality of service A measure of telephone service as specified by the Public Service Commission RJ11 A six pin jack typically used for connecting telephones modems and fax machines in residential and business settings to PBX or the local telephone CO SIP Session Initiation Protocol An IETF standard for setting up sessions between one or more clients It is currently the leading signaling protocol for Voice over IP gradually replacing H 323 Digium Inc Page 69 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms T1 A dedicated digital carrier facility which transmits up to 24 voice channels DSOs and transmits data at 1 544 Mbps Commonly used to carry traffic to and from private business networks and ISPs T3 A dedicated digital carrier facility which consists of 28 T1 lines and transmits data at 44 736 Mbps Equivalent to 672 voice channels DSOs TDM time
25. ly and routes it to two 15 power cables inside the computer You must have an available bracket slot to use the PWR2400B either PCI PCI Express or AGP A strap on the PWR2400B card allows the two power cables to take power from the same DC supply The PWR2400B comes with one power supply capable of supporting up to 24 FXS ports each driving heavy loads of up to SREN If more than 24 FXS ports with heavy loads are connected to the PWR2400B then a second Digium power Supply should be purchased The shorting strap on the PWR2400B should be removed if a second power supply is used Digium Inc Page 31 Chapter 2 Card Installation The PWR2400B does not connect to any bus inside the computer It may be used wherever there is an available PCI size bracket such as a PCI PCI Express or AGP slot Note The PWR2400B is not intended to supply power to any other device it is intended only to be used with UL Listed Digium analog cards 5 Replace the cover to your computer Electrical Shock To reduce the risk of injury damage to the unit or your equipment do not attempt to apply power to the unit while the case is open Personal injury or damage to the unit could occur if the modules are touched while powered is applied 6 Plug all outside phone lines to the FXO red ports and connect all phones to the FXS green ports as needed using a patch panel or punch block See Figure 1 on page 58 for the RJ 21X pin assignments Ca
26. mpliant slot including lane lengths X4 X8 and X16 This means that in the motherboard shown in Figure 7 the AEX2400 will only fit into Slot 4 The AEX2400 can not be used in Slots 0 through 3 Digium Inc Page 29 Chapter 2 Card Installation Hardware Installation 1 Now that you are acquainted with your card power down your com puter and unplug it from its power source 2 Attach a static strap to your wrist and open the case 3 Remove the bracket place holder and insert the card into a PCI TDM2400P or PCI Express AEX2400 slot See Figure 8 Figure 8 Insert the Card 4 If your has any FXS quad modules you will also need to connect the power cable from your computer s power supply to the bottom of the card Insert a four pin 12 volt connector disk drive power supply cable e g hard drive into the white plastic connector on the bottom of the card See Figure 9 Digium Inc Page 30 Chapter 2 Card Installation Figure 9 Connect Power for FXS Quad Modules Many modern PCs and servers do not have either spare or any 12V power connectors If you have FXS modules on your 2400 Series card and your computer does not have power cables available then power must be provided to the 2400 Series card by an alternate means Digium provides a solution to this problem with the optional PWR2400B available separately This card is essentially a PCI bracket assembly that takes power from an external DC power supp
27. n the command lines below tar zxvf asterisk X X current tar gz cd asterisk X X X configure make menuselect make db db make install Digium Inc Page 37 Chapter 2 Card Installation 3 If this is the first Asterisk installation on this system you should install the sample configuration files To do this run make samples Note Running this command will overwrite after making a backup copy any older Asterisk configuration files that you have in the etc asterisk directory If your installation has failed it may be because you are missing one or more of the build dependencies the kernel headers or the development tools Please contact your reseller where the card was purchased or call Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 for assistance Complete instructions for installing Asterisk are available at www asterisk org Digium Inc Page 38 Chapter 3 Configuration Chapter 3 Configuration The 2400 Series cards have a variety of configuration options This chapter provides sample configurations to demonstrate customizing the Asterisk software to meet your individual needs Each section explains basic options as examples Once you have familiarized yourself with the samples you can edit the configuration files to meet your specific needs Digium Inc Page 39 Chapter 3 Configuration Driver Configuration 1 Begin by opening the system conf file from the etc dahdi directory 2
28. nd headers for zlib and openssl m Development libraries and headers for newt GCC and standard software build tools It is recommended that you use the most recent version of the Asterisk DAHDI and libpri software for the best results If you have previously Digium Inc Page 33 Chapter 2 Card Installation installed any of these Digium recommends that you upgrade to the latest current version of each Note If you are using the 1 4 x series of Asterisk you will need Asterisk 1 4 22 or newer 1 After the machine has booted to Linux log in and execute the follow ing command to list the devices detected by the PCI bus lspci n Confirm that the output from Ispci lists a device with Digium s PCI vendor ID which is d161 The screen output should be similar to the following 0000 01 00 0 0200 d161 card identifier Note The output from Ispci may or may not state Unknown device If it does this does not indicate a problem In the PCI device listing shown above card identifier will be populated with one of the identifiers listed in the table below Digium Inc Page 34 Table 3 Card Identifiers Chapter 2 Card Installation Model Identifier TDM2400P 2400 AEX2400 8003 A Digium 2400 Series TDM2400P AEX2400 card identifier should be listed If a matching card identifier is not listed then your machine is not PCI 2 2 or higher or PCI Express compatible and the card
29. ny engine and tool kit Offering flexibility unheard of in the world of proprietary communications Asterisk empowers developers and integrators to create advanced communication solutions for free Asterisk is released as open source under the GNU General Public License GPL and it is available for download free of charge Asterisk is the most popular open source software available with the Asterisk Community being the top influencer in VoIP Asterisk as a Switch PBX Asterisk can be configured as the core of an IP or hybrid PBX switching calls managing routes enabling features and connecting callers with the outside world over IP analog POTS and digital T1 E1 connections Asterisk runs on a wide variety of operating systems including Linux Mac OS X OpenBSD FreeBSD and Sun Solaris It provides all of the features you would expect from a PBX including many advanced features that are often associated with high end and high cost proprietary PBXs Asterisk s architecture is designed for maximum flexibility and supports Voice over IP in many protocols and can interoperate with almost all standards based telephony equipment using relatively inexpensive hardware Asterisk as a Gateway It can also be built out as the heart of a media gateway bridging the legacy PSTN to the expanding world of IP telephony Asterisk s modular architecture allows it to convert between a wide range of communications protocols and media codecs
30. oicemail 1000 u exten gt 103 Voicemail 1000 b Digium Inc Page 48 Chapter 3 Configuration In this example there are two internal extensions 1000 and 2000 a number to check voicemail 8500 a number to listen to music on hold 8501 and a prefix to dial to get an outside line 9 It is configured to accept incoming calls over the FXO rings phones 1 and 2 and route to voicemail box 1000 Testing Your Configuration 1 Start Asterisk by typing asterisk 2 Connect to Asterisk and view the output by typing asterisk vvvvr 3 Dialtone should be present on phones connected to the FXS ports Test your configuration by placing an outgoing call placing a call from extension 1 to 2 or receiving an incoming call Successful completion of these tasks indicates your configuration is working properly Digium Inc Page 49 Chapter 3 Configuration w module Figure 11 Sample Application Note More detailed information is provided at the Asterisk website www asterisk org as well as the Digium Knowledge Base kb digium com You may also obtain assistance by contacting Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 or visiting the website at www digium com Digium Inc Page 50 Chapter 4 FXS and FXO Explained Chapter 4 FXS and FXO Explained Identification There are multiple standard configurations in which a 2400 Series card may be purchased Each configuration consists of one to si
31. ontains product information for the 2400 Series card Be sure to refer to any supplementary documents or release notes that were shipped with your equipment The manual is organized in the following manner Chapter 3 its ADD dix Title Description 1 Overview Identifies the card and type of modules you received with your 2400 Series card This chapter covers applications and uses of the 2400 Series card in the real world 2 Card Installation Provides instructions for installing the card in your PC acquiring correct drivers and checking device compatibility 3 Configuration Provides examples for configuring dial plan options 4 FXS and FXO Describes the FXO Foreign Exchange Office and Explained FXS Foreign Exchange Station modules and their significance 5 Troubleshooting Explains resolutions to common problems and frequently asked questions pertaining to card installation and usage A Pin Assignments Lists the connectors and pin assignments B Specifications Details card specifications C Glossary and A list of terms and acronyms used throughout this Acronyms manual Digium Inc Page 6 Symbol Definitions Caution statements indicate a condition where damage to the unit or its configuration could occur if operational procedures are not followed To reduce the risk of damage or injury follow all steps or procedures as instructed The ESD symbol indicates electrostatic sensitive
32. ooting This chapter provides frequently asked questions and possible resolutions as identified by Digium Technical Support Multiple resources are available to obtain more information about Asterisk and Digium products Please visit both www digium com and www asterisk org for more information Digium Inc Page 53 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting The FXO module never seems to hang up the line How do I set it to hang up Set busydetect yes and busycount 10 in the chan dahdi conf for your channels This will cause the line to hang up by listening for a consecutive number of busy tones Upon editing chan dahdi conf you will need to restart Asterisk I have echo problems on my FXO modules and I ve tried the different echo cancellation algorithms in dahdi config h tried tweaking the gains and still nothing works What can I do Run the fxotune utility with the i option fxotune 1 4 It should discover which DAHDI channels are FXO modules and tune them accordingly Be warned however it takes a significant amount of time for each module to tune A conservative estimate would be somewhere around 2 3 minutes for each module You only have to tune the channels once for each line The fxotune utility will store the calibration settings in etc fxotune conf You will need to configure your system to run fxotune with the s flag fxotune s during the Linux boot sequence in order to initialize the previously discovered values which are stored
33. rd speed for digitizing voice conversation using PCM Pulse Code Modulation DS1 Digital Signal Level 1 1 544 Mbps in North America T1 and Japan J1 up to 24 voice channels DSOs 2 048 Mbps in Europe E1 up to 32 voice channels 0505 DS1 T1 E1 lines are part of the PSTN Digium Inc Page 64 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms 053 Digital Signal Level 3 T3 in North America and Japan E3 in Europe Up to 672 voice channels DS0s DS3 T3 E3 lines are not part of the PSTN DTMF Dual Tone Multi Frequency Push button or touch tone dialing E1 The European equivalent of North American T1 transmits data at 2 048 Mbps up to 32 voice channels DSOs The European equivalent of North American T3 transmits data at 34 368 Mbps up to 512 voice channels DSOs Equivalent to 16 1 lines EMI Electromagnetic Interference Unwanted electrical noise present on a power line full duplex Data transmission in two directions simultaneously FXO Foreign Exchange Office Receives the ringing voltage from an FXS device Outside lines are connected to the FXO port on your 2400 Series card Digium Inc Page 65 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms FXS Foreign Exchange Station Initiates and sends ringing voltage Phones are connected to the FXS ports on the 2400 Series card G 711 A recommendation by the Telecommunication Standardization Sector ITU T for an algorithm designed to transmit and receive mulaw PCM vo
34. s Compliance label This includes customer equipment previously labelled Permitted or Certified Caution Only connect regulatory equipment approved for use in your specific country to the telecommunications network voltage circuit ports gt P gt gt P P Digium Inc Page 9 Service Personnel Cautions Caution This card is not intended for home use It must be used in restricted access locations and installed in UL Listed I T E only Digium Inc Page 10 Table Of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 OVervieW i ke RBS 15 18 What is AsterisKB 19 Asterisk as a Switch 19 Asterisk as a Gateway 19 Asterisk in the Call Center 20 Asterisk in the Network 20 Asterisk Everywhere 20 Chapter 2 Card Installation 21 Unpacking the Card 22 Shipment Inspection 22 Module Identification 23 Card ldentification ee eee 26 FXS and FXO Connection 28 Hardware Installation
35. s for referral to your nearest reseller at 1 256 428 6000 or e mail sales 9 digium com Digium Inc Page 57 Appendix A Pin Assignments Appendix A Pin Assignments The 2400 Series card provides a 50 pin RJ21 connector for and FXS access M o Pins 25 amp 50 Not Used Pins 24 amp 49 Port 24 Slot 6 Pins 23 amp 48 Port 23 Slot 6 Pins 22 amp 47 Port 22 Slot 6 Pins 21 amp 46 Port 21 Slot 6 Pins 20 amp 45 Port 20 Slot 5 Pins 19 amp 44 Port 19 Slot 5 Pins 18 amp 43 Port 18 Slot 5 Pins 17 amp 42 Port 17 Slot 5 Pins 16 amp 41 Port 16 Slot 4 Pins 15 amp 40 Port 15 Slot 4 Pins 14 amp 39 Port 14 Slot 4 Pins 13 amp 38 Port 13 Slot 4 Pins 12 amp 37 Port 12 Slot 3 Pins 11 amp 36 Port 11 Slot 3 Pins 10 amp 35 Port 10 Slot 3 Pins 9 amp 34 Port 9 Slot 3 Pins 8 amp 33 Port 8 Slot 2 Pins 7 amp 32 Port 7 Slot 2 Pins 6 amp 31 Port 6 Slot 2 Pins 5 amp 30 Port 5 Slot 2 Pins 4 amp 29 Port 4 Slot 1 Pins 3 amp 28 Port 3 Slot 1 Pins 2 amp 27 Port 2 Slot 1 Pins 1 amp 26 Port 1 Slot 1 Figure A 1 RJ 21 Port Connector Digium Inc Page 58 Appendix B Specifications Appendix B Specifications This appendix provides specifications required environmental conditions and maximum power consumption for the 2400 Series cards Physical Size 12 28 x 4 2 x 0 68 31 19 x 10 67 x 1
36. t environment Heat Do not operate or store this product near heat sources such as radiators air ducts areas subject to direct intense sunlight or other products that produce heat Caution To reduce the risk of fire use only No 26 AWG or larger telecommunication wiring for network connections P P P P P P P Digium Inc Page 8 User Cautions Caution This card is not intended for home use It must be used in restricted access locations and installed in UL Listed I T E only Static Electricity To reduce the risk of damaging the unit or your equipment do not attempt to open the enclosure or gain access to areas where you are not instructed to do so Refer servicing to qualified service personnel b Save these instructions for future reference Service Personnel Cautions Warning This card must be used with the PC lid screwed down Telecommunications network voltages exist inside the PC The PC must be shut down and telecommunications line connection shall be removed before opening the PC Electrical Shock To reduce the risk of injury damage to the unit or your equipment do not attempt to touch the modules while they are powered The case should be securely closed before power is applied to the unit Servicing Disconnect telecommunications network cable before opening the cover or removing the card from the motherboard Labeling For safety reasons only connect equipment with a Telecommunication
37. urce operating system based on Unix that remains freely available on the internet It boasts dependability and offers a wide range of compatibility with hardware and software Asterisk is supported exclusively on Linux loopback A state in which the transmit signal is reversed back as the receive signal typically by a far end network element Digium Inc Page 67 Appendix C Glossary and Acronyms MGCP Media Gateway Control Protocol multiplexing Transmitting multiple signals over a single line or channel FDM frequency division multiplexing and TDM time division multiplexing are the two most common methods FDM separates signals by dividing the data onto different carrier frequencies and TDM separates signals by interleaving bits one after the other MUX multiplexer A device which transmits multiple signals over a single communications line or channel See multiplexing PBX private branch exchange A smaller version of a phone company s large central switching office Example Asterisk PCI peripheral component interconnect A standard bus used in most computers to connect peripheral devices POP point of presence The physical connection point between a network and a telephone network A POP is usually a network node serving as the equivalent of a CO to a network service provider or an interexchange carrier POTS plain old telephone service The public switched telephone network PSTN is the network of the world s pub
38. ution This unit must be connected to the Telecommunications Network in your country using an approved line cord e g for Australia use only line cords complying with ACA Technical Standard 75008 Caution p Only connect regulatory equipment approved for use in your specific country to the telecommunications network voltage circuit ports Digium Inc Page 32 Chapter 2 Card Installation Software Installation Digium hardware requires drivers and libraries that are not integrated with the Linux kernel Digium hardware is only supported under Linux Digium recommends CentOS Debian Red Hat and Ubuntu distributions of Linux However many other distributions are supported by Digium Technical Support Digium s software including drivers and application software may be obtained from Digium s download server at http downloads digium com For an introduction to Asterisk Digium s telephony software including additional information on its configuration setup and features please refer to http www asterisk org For the latest information on setting up and configuring DAHDI drivers for your Digium hardware product please refer to the latest release of this manual which is available from the product specific documentation section at http www digium com To install your 2400 Series card you will need m Linux 2 6 kernel headers m Development libraries and headers for ncurses m Development libraries a
39. will not work with your motherboard 2 Download the latest DAHDI drivers with tools DAHDI is available for download from http downloads digium com pub telephony dahdi linux complete wget http downloads digium com pub telephony dahdi linux complete dahdi linux complete current tar gz Digium Inc Page 35 Chapter 2 Card Installation 3 Expand the downloaded file compile its contents and install the drivers and tools Substitute the version of DAHDI for the X X X in the command lines below tar zxvf dahdi linux complete current tar gz cd dahdi linux complete X X X X X X make make install make config Note Executing make config will install an init script and symlinks which will allow you to start and stop DAHDI as a service Digium Inc Page 36 Chapter 2 Card Installation Installing Asterisk If you wish to use Asterisk with your new hardware you can follow the instructions below 1 Download the latest release version of Asterisk either 1 4 22 or later or 1 6 0 1 or later Substitute the version of Asterisk for the X X in the command below Asterisk is available for download from http downloads digium com pub telephony asterisk wget http downloads digium com pub telephony asterisk asterisk X X current tar gz 2 Expand the downloaded file compile its contents and install the application Substitute the version of Asterisk for the the X X and X X X i
40. with DMA levels set Advance user can perform an hdparm on your hard drive interface Use hdparm with caution as the man page states that hard drive corruption can occur when using incorrect settings Please review the man page for hdparm and make sure you understand the risks before using this tool Check the current mode using this command hdparm vi dev IDE Device Use this command to set the drives into UDMA2 mode hdparm d 1 X udma2 c 3 dev IDE Device If you are still having problems contact your reseller from which the card was purchased or Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 Digium Inc Page 56 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Where can I find answers to additional questions There are several places to inquire for more information about Asterisk Digium products 1 Digium Technical Support 1 256 428 6161 or Toll Free in the U S 1 877 344 4861 is available 7am 8pm Central Time GMT 6 Monday Friday 2 Asterisk users mailing list asterisk org lists digium com 3 IRC channel asterisk on irc freenode net Subscription Services Program Digium is dedicated to supporting your Asterisk system by offering full technical support through our Subscription Services Program Through this program you can be at ease knowing that your business will always have access to the Asterisk experts Pricing on Subscription Services may be obtained from your nearest reseller or you may call Digium Sale
41. x FXS and or FXO modules These modules are identified by their color a FXS Foreign Exchange Station Green Modules Foreign Exchange Office Red Modules This chapter provides an in depth review of the two module types and their uses within your Asterisk server Note Only qualified service personnel should install the card Users should not attempt to perform this function themselves FXS Module The FXS module allows a 2400 Series card to initiate and send ringing voltage to an FXO device such as an analog telephone FXO Module The FXO module allows the 2400 Series card to terminate analog telephone lines POTS Digium Inc Page 51 Chapter 4 FXS and FXO Explained Because of the modular design you can activate additional ports at any time with more FXS or FXO daughter cards The FXO module passes all the call features any standard analog telephone line will support The phone receiving the call is the last FXO device in the chain When it receives voltage from an FXS device the phone rings Using Your 2400 Series Card Connect the outside line to an FXO port on your Asterisk server to receive voltage from the outside lines Connect the phones to FXS ports on your Asterisk server When the FXO module in your Asterisk Server receives the voltage it will then generate voltage using the FXS module and send it to your analog phone Digium Inc Page 52 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting Chapter 5 Troublesh
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