University of Hertfordshire
Contents
1. Bluetooth Revealed 2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 20 Radio Frequency Communication Bluetooth Revealed 2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 21 Figure 4 2 3 Relative Responsiveness versus Power Consumption Bluetooth Revealed 2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 22 Power Factor of Bluetooth Technology Bluetooth Revealed 2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 23 Figure 4 3 1 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptor Available from http www tdkksystems com produets intro asp id 4 Ref 24 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptor Available from http www tdksystems com products intro asg iit 4 Ref 25 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptor Specification Available from http www tdksystems com products intro assp idg A Ref 26 Figure 4 3 2 BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp productGroupID 184 amp deptID 5 Ref 27 BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Specification http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp productGroupID 184 amp deptID 5 Ref 28 Table 4 3 2 Specification of BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp productGroupID 184 amp deptID 5 62 MC68000 To Bluetooth Ref 29 Figure 4 3 3 BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp productGroupID 202 amp deptID 5 Ref 30 Table 4 3 3 a LED status of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Wireless Future BlueW AVE Industrial Wireless Cable User Guide 2002 2003 Wire2. Application software will be construct according to the systemaxequirement and will be download into the system for controlling appliance MC68000 will be act as th main processing unit and supervised all the operating process of this system including data flow process capture data from receiver and store into internal memory and transfer data to the required destination Data flow process will be fully control by the application software and thus to organize the scheduling task of transmission according to the system condition Application board is used as the light indicator when the system is in operation It will indicate that a data is currently receiving by the system by showing the running light of LED from right to left and the reverse order will show the transmitting process Ref 2 13 MC68000 To Bluetooth Full details on MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and its application board will be discussed in chapter 3 2 3 2 Bluetooth Layer Bluetooth is a special design technology that use for short range communication between computing and communication devices which enable them to interface wirelessly to each other It has major advantages as low power consumption Jow cost in developing and user friendly For version 1 0 Bluetooth technology Gt is able to provide a ten meters wireless communication by converting data into radio Waves for transmission over a single air interface The main appliances that are curftently
3. thisyproject would not have come to this completion I would also like to extend my special thanks to Wan Munro which leads me frequently in the programming especially to overcome all the difficulties patiently during the coding process I would also like to thanks to Tony Crooksand Stephen Passmore who is the project lab assistant for guiding me on the process of implementation Finally and most important would like to express my greatest respect and gratitude to my parents for their patient and continuous support in throughout the whole degree programme Content Table Of Contents Abstract Acknowledgement Contents Glossary of Common Terms amp Abbreviations Table of Figures Table of Tables L Introduction 1 1 Project objective 1 2 Project Development 1 3 Report Scope 1 4 Report Layout 2 System Outline 2 1 Overview 2D System Design 2 3 System Hardware 2 3 1 Processing Unit 2 3 2 Bluetooth Layer 2 3 3 RS 232 3 MC68000 Microprocessor 3 1 Overview 3 2 Brief Introduction on MC68000 Microprocessor 3 3 Introducing MG 68000 Flight 68 K MKII Board 3 3 1 _MC68230 peripheral Interface Timer circuit PI T Operation MC68000 To Bluetooth Pe O NN DW N e e e e e e e e e Y C oao A QAuARHNH NH NH DH OD 3 3 2 V MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit Operation 19 3 4 Introducing the Flight Electronics Multi Application Board 20 4 Introdueing New Technology 4
4. Wireless Cable via MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board This will establish an asynchronous data transmission to the system thus to control the overall data flowing process char MRAPTR 0xA00001 char MRBPTR 0xA0001 1 char CRAPIR 0xA00005 char CRBPTR 0xA00015 char OPRPTR 0xA0001D char IPCRPTR 0xA00009 char OPCRPTR 0xA0001B char ISRPTR 0xA0000B char CSRAPTR 0xA00003 46 char CSRBPTR 0xA0001 3 define MRA MRAPTR define MRB MRBPTR define CRA CRAPTR define CRB CRBPTR define OPR OPRPTR define IPCR IPCRPTR define OPCR OPCRPTR define ISR ISRPTR define CSRA CSRAPTR define CSRB CSRBPTR MC68000 To Bluetooth The above commands are program heading which used to define an register with an appropriate name and to establish the memory location for each register This is the most important steps and it will effect the overall operations of each register by directing it to the actual memory location These memory location will have its own interconnection with original processor and will trigger its individual responsible operation when a command is given main MRA 211 MRB 48 CRA 189 CRB 33 OPRy 252 IPCR 15 CSRA 187 CSRB 187 47 MC68000 To Bluetooth The above coding is the main body instruction for MC68681 It will give an initial value to each register to command for different internal settings to each depen
5. as binary or text data form 5 5 1 Binary Data The value of the binary are from 0 to 255 which are square numbered of 0 through 7 with represent of either 1 or 0 multiplied byra power of 2 For example a byte of 1111 1111 will be translated to value 255 orFF in hexadecimal In a transmission process the least significant bit LSB will always be transfer first and then only follow by the most significant bit MSB 5 5 2 Text data Although binary data is usefulin many linking system the operation still required an additional format to send message or files that enclose with text Text data are use for the purpose of sending data thatcontain of text There are several formats of text data which is being use in the linkingsystem ASCII code American Standard code for Information Exchange This format consists of 128 codes and just required to use seven data bits The remaining bit will either be a 0 or a parity bit ANShcode American National Standard Institute e This format uses 256 codes and special and inflection characters are represent by the higher code 34 MC68000 To Bluetooth There are other formats of codes which use 16 bits per characters and it tolerate with 65 536 different characters 5 6 Formats of RS 232 link For RS 232 links with multiple device it required the system to yhave_a clock or timing reference to control the transmission of data through a network orwshare path way Each transm
6. each other and show the data on the Hyper Terminal screen under the control of Motorola MC68000 microprocessor e Create a software environment to interlink between the hardware and to design the protocol e Develop software to control the application board to work as light indicator when transmission is taking part In order to achieve these aims and objectives a logical plan is first conducted to design a connection aspect between allehardware This system design will give a guideline to interface all devices and thus to communicate with each other 41 MC68000 To Bluetooth Conpikr lt Text Editor Text lita gt Conger Y Y RS cable ME RSI able BiueVave BteWve RS232 abl MR E PCL lt gt Aig eK lt gt Industral Indstial lt gt HigtSK lt gt PCI NKI Board Weless Qhl Wireless Gale MKI Board Miti Miti Application Application Bad a connection cable Bad lt software internal connection wireless connection Figure 6 2 1 System Block Diagram 42 MC68000 To Bluetooth Figure above show the connections that apply in this project Basically there are two same system models to be in operation PC1 will act as the master moduletand PC2 will be act as slave module All hardware will be under same condition and installed with same operation program An in
7. involved in the development of Bluetooth technology including mobile phones notebooks personal data assistant computer and even any external device such aSwprinter speakerphone and headset Bluetooth connection is entirely freedom under all kinds of environment within the limited range as it operates by using radio waves in 2 4 Giga Hertz frequency spectrums and there will be no requirements for face to face connection or direct pointing as for infra red Ref 3 Figure 2 3 2 BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Ref 4 14 MC68000 To Bluetooth The BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable provides a point to point connection between any two RS 232 devices It is a plug and play device and a Bluetooth wireless link is established instantly once hey are plug into each RS 232 connector andswitched on BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable unit is fit for both commercial and industries applications which required having a more freedom and wirel ss communication environment Ref 5 Further details of Bluetooth technology and its hardware will be discussed in chapter 4 2 3 3 RS 232 RS 232 link are the most popular used connections between computer appliances It is popular because it is widely available inexpensive and can be used for longer distance connections by using wider cables Most of the computers today have atdeast one RS 232 communication port and some of it even has two RS 232 used UARTs system which is able to transmit a
8. receive data In this time the other transmitter will follow the instruction and start sending data Whenever_there is a line low in the receiver the transmitter should be able to detect it a d stop sending data till the line return high to accomplish the transmission 5 7 2 Buffers The buffer can be in either software or hardware or both also It is another way to prevent from missing data and buffer can be more useful to transmitting process which they can store data that will be sent out as the communication is available Each serial linking has a built in 16 bytes buffer that built on the UARTs The data will be temporally store in this buffer on receivifg process before the software is able to read it For transmitting process UART will automatic supervise the transmission of the byte bit by bit in the arrange order yThere is a necessary a software protocol when hardware protocol is not enough Software protocols are programmable and it will allow the user to specify the size accordingto the system memory Microcontroller and microprocessor will have a smaller and limited size of buffer or even no hardware buffer For a RS 232 link to be use in a microcontroller or microprocessor system the user will have to apply other ways to prevent missing data 5 7 3 Anterrupts and Polling Interrupts can be program to effect and detect the events which take part in the operation such as transmitting receiving changing of handsha
9. the reader to the world of RS 232 ineluding its specification characteristic and major utility It will give the reader a further understanding on the usage of two individual RS 232 port and itss onnectors in this project 5 2 RS 232 Specifications RS 232 Recommended Standard 232 model is one ofthe most common use links for interfacing between two devices and with a limit of SOsto 1 00 feet and it depends on the peripherals and cable that is used Another popular use of the RS 232 link is to connect to an adaptor that converts the interface to anotherAype such as from RS 232 to USB Universal Serial Bus The Telecommunications Industry Association TIA has distribute the details about RS 232 including signal functions pin locations and other specifications and it has been upgrade promptly since it was publish in 1960s A version that was produce by Electronics Industries Association EIA has been taking over and now the latest version since 1997 is YIA EIA 232F and this interface is compatible with RS 232 Ref 33 Number of Length Speed Interfacing Format devices maximum maximum maximum feet bits sec RS 232 Asynchronous 20k 115k with 2 50 100 EIA TIA 232 serial some drivers Table 5 2 RS 232 Specification Ref 34 32 MC68000 To Bluetooth 5 3 Features 1 RS 232 is popular Every PC will have one or more RS 232 adaptor to link to other device such as printers modem microcontroller or micropro
10. 0 meters 30 feet Ref 18 4 2 2 Radio Frequency Communication a Pn Figure 4 2 2 Master and Slave Role in a piconet Ref 19 Whena Bluetooth link is established a device will be act as the master and other will be play apart as the slave mood A master will have the ability to communicate with 7 active 23 MC68000 To Bluetooth slave and up to 255 parked slave A parked slave device is form as it is in standby state and waits for further acknowledgement Master device do not play any special roles in the communication It determines the frequency hopping pattern and the stage for the hopping sequences All communication between master device and active slave will form a inter connection called as piconet A master device in a communication system can be operate a ayslave or parked slave device in another piconet and interconnection between piconets are acceptable In some circumstances the master slave relationship is not neceSsary Although it has advantages or necessary to give a deices a particular position it is Not critical to establish a single specific role for each device Ref 20 4 2 3 Power Factor of Bluetooth Technology Fastest Responsiveness Slowest Active Ssniff Hold Park Highest Power consumption Lowest Figure 4 2 3 Relative Responsiveness versus Power Consumption Ref 21 Figure above show the relative responsiveness versus power consumption in a Bluetooth communica
11. 1 Overview 4 2 Bluetooth Technology 4 2 1 Bluetooth Specification 4 2 2 Radio Frequency Communication 4 2 3 Power Factor of Bluetooth Technology 22 22 22 22 23 23 MC68000 To Bluetooth 4 3 Bluetooth Hardware 25 4 3 1 Introducing The Bluetooth Developer s Kit for Windows 25 4 3 2 Introducing the BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal 27 43 3 Introducing The BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable 29 RS 232 32 5 1 Overview 32 5 2 RS 232 Specifications 32 5 3 Features 33 5 4 Signal and Connectors 33 5 5 Data Format 34 5 5 1 Binary Data 34 5 5 2 Text data 34 5 6 Formats of RS 232 link 35 5 6 1 Synchronous Format 35 5 6 2 Asynchronous Format 36 5 7 Prevent Missing Data 36 5 7 1 Handshaking 37 5 7 2 Buffers 37 5 7 3 Interrupts and Polling 37 5 7 4 Acknowledgement 38 5 7 5 Error checking 38 Project Development 40 6 1 Overview 40 6 2 Project Design 40 6 3 Hardware Development 43 6 4 Software Development 44 6 4 1 Programming on MC68681 45 6 4 2 Programming on MC68230 47 6 4 3 Software setting for BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable 50 6 4 4 Summary of Project Development 50 Test Plan and Future Development 51 Tel Qyerview 51 7 2 Test plan 51 73 Future Developments 52 7 3 1 Setting offset value for registers 52 MC68000 To Bluetooth 7 3 2 Increase RAM for MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board 52 7 3 3 Upgrade Original Operations 52 8 Project Management 54 8 1 Overview 54 8 2 Time Management 54 8 3 Task Management 55 9 Conclusi
12. 5 6 2 Asynchronous Transmission Ref 38 For asynchronous format the system will not inelude a clock signal Each of the linking system will produce an individual clock signal through the operation The most common asynchronous link format is 8 N 1 which sent each data byte as one start bit following by a eight bits data begin withthe least significant bit LSB and then continue with the most significant bit MSB and finally ends with one stop bit There will be no parity during the operation 5 7 Prevent Missing Data Missing data is one of the unexpected errors that will occur during the linking process When more than one task is_ perating synchronously in the same time some internal failure will cause a missing data to be happen and thus lead to a failure performance In RS233 networkssystem there are 5 major methods to solve this linking error L v S N Handshaking Buffers Polling and Interrupts Acknowledgement Error checking 37 MC68000 To Bluetooth One or more methods should be taken to avoid the failure and maintain the consistency of the performance 5 7 1 Handshaking Handshaking is a signal that indicates the transmitter when it is necessary to sent or indicates a ready to receive signal to a receiver There is either a hardware handshaking or software handshaking available in each RS 232 linking system A receiver will automatic bring a line high when ready to
13. Ee i iE Sirih tbe sy ro woe Figure 3 3 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Ref 8 16 MC68000 To Bluetooth MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board is a training system that provides an introduction to the 16 32 bit microprocessor with the most familiar Motorola MC68000 arehitecture and functions This is a very user friendly training system and it has been carefully designed to meet the requirement of publics in either commercial or industrial purpose MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board has the capability to upgrade its RAM from 16k bytes to 512 bytes A 64k byte firmware package is available on this MC68000 Fligh 68K MKII Board and it provides a mini environment for system development An expansion bus is also available for transferring signals to the exterfial drive via a 64 way connector The central processing unit of MC68000 Flight 68KyMKII Board is a Motorola MC68000 microprocessor As same as other M8000 family processor it has a 16 bit data bus and a 24 bit address bus which is able tovaccess a linear address space of 16 megabytes The whole process of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board will be drive by a 10 MHz clock that generated by an internal CMQS oscillator SEU address bus System Clock 10M Hz generated by a CMOS oscillator 16K bytes fitted as standard expandable to 256K bytes RAM RAM User_RAM Address Range 400400h 403FFFh 400400h 43FFFFh when expanded Two 27256 32K EPROMs containing the 64K bytes monitor program ROM expand
14. MC68000 To Bluetooth Abstract This report investigates on the functionality of MC68000 microprocessor flight board as a medium of system control The system will able to generate a wireless connection environment for data transferring with the use of BluewavesRS232 PCB DCE Terminal evaluation kit with Bluetooth utility and thus to interface with a host computer for communication purpose In general this report discusses the following areas L 2 3 4 System overview Details of RS232 connections and its application A deep research on the use of Bluetooth technology and their specification System specifications system design andeeoding for the powerful MC68000 microprocessor by using C language Implementation and analysis of the overall results This report also contains the information and guideline for future development of the project Though the original objective ofsproducing a proof of concept demonstrator was not finished due to the complexity and limited time the report goes on to outline further work involving the device fog extension at a later date MC68000 To Bluetooth Acknowledgement I would like to take this opportunity to express my deepest appreciation and respect to Mr David Meads who is my principle supervisor for monitoring my work and maintaining my consistency with my project I deeply appreciate for hisypatient concern and advice Without his excellent and experienced leading
15. PC to transmit the appropriate data back to master PC for all distance Alh evaluation will be scan by using oscillator and details of reading will be record down and form a transferring speed versus distance graph Unfortunately this test plan has not been implement to the actuakproject system due to the complexity and limited time and it will goes for continuation by future undergraduate at a later date 7 3 Future Developments 7 3 1 Setting offset value for registers Setting up the register in each individual circuit is the most important issue in developing the program operating software There is an error occur during communication within two PC in the current operating program This was cause by a failure offset value among the registers and it has not been solve dueto the complexity and limited time for trouble shooting In future all offset value of r gister in MC68230 and MC68681 should be check and upgrade in order to carry out a successful operations and optimum performance 7 3 2 Increase RAM for MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board For future development the user should expand the RAM to a higher memory status to allow a more effective_and speed up process to operate on MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board By having a higher RAM on the board the system will be able to generate more operations for pfocess control system 7 3 3 Upgrade Original Operations Originah system can be design and upgrade to a higher level of operatio
16. PTR define PBDDR PBDDRPTR define PBDR PBDRPTR define PADR PADRPTR void delay unsigned char L As same as MC68681 the above coding is used to set the register for a name with an appropriate memory location The last command is a function that defines a delay authority main unsigned char count 255 unsigned char L 10 PARC 0X80 PADDR 0X0 PBCR 0X80 PBDDR 0OXFF Command above will set the Port A data direct register to act as an input port and the Port B data direct register as an output port This will control the data flow of the operations during the system opefating process while 1 delay L PBDR count 49 MC68000 To Bluetooth The above coding mentioned that when there is a data transmitting process the LEDs will be running from right to left in binary form where data in PBDR willbe decrease from 128 to 1 then go back to the original looping of 128 again until the function receive a command to stop while 2 delay L PBDR count When the condition is 2 indicate there is a data receiving process the LEDs should be running from left to right in binary form where data in PBDR will be increase from 1 to 128 then go back to the original looping of 1 againuntil the function receive a command to stop void delay unsigned char L unsigned c ar E int D for E 0 E lt L E for D 0 D lt 10000 D The function interrupt
17. a comment on how the objectiveand aims are to be achieved 11 MC68000 To Bluetooth 2 System Outline 2 1 Overview This chapter aim to pioneer the reader to the main system design involved in this project It will only give a rough idea to the reader on overall design phases and the use of its hardware Full details of the project development will be discussed in chapter 6 2 2 System Design Basically the idea of this project is 1 To transfer a data and character which will be typed instantly from PC1 and transmit to PC2 and show on the screen of monitor with Hyper Terminal application 2 Toreceive data and characters from PC2 and thus to show on the Hyper Terminal Screen of PC1 2 3 System Hardware Bluetooth Bluetooth Layer Layer PC2 Bat Data Data er er S Processing Processing Unit Unit Figure 2 3 Syste mOutline Simplified The overall taskyof this design required to establish a dual way transmission and it involved the usedjof particular hardware in order to be successful in operation RS 232 links are widely used in this system as it has excellent communication ability in transmission of data 12 MC68000 To Bluetooth 2 3 1 Processing Unit ee FLT MKI Ee th Figure 2 3 1 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and Multi Application Board Ref 1 The processing unit is the main operating structure in this system It will form by a MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and an application board
18. able to 128K bytes with use of two 27512 64K EPROMs Motorola MC68000 microprocessor with 16 bit data bus and 24 bit Monitor EPROM Address Range QO0O000h OOFFFFh 000000h OIFFFFh when expanded Sockets for additional RAM up to 256K a ty as On board RAM Expansion Address Range 440000h 47FFFFh 17 T O Ports Connectors Interrupts Switch Faults Power Supply Physical Characteristics MC68000 To Bluetooth MC68230 Peripheral Interface Timer PI T chip providing 16 digital VO lines and a 24 bit wide counter with 5 bit yprescaler with full interrupt support Input Output Address Range 80000 1h 800035h MC68681 Dual Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter DUART providing two full specification RS232 serial ports with full interrupt support Input Output Address Range A00001h A0001 Fh Three interrupt sources link selectable Bus Expansion Connector offering access to all 64 lines of the 68000 CPU Two male 9 way D type RS232 serial ports one for connecting with display terminal or host PCythe other for connecting to a printer or for general use 40 way IDC header providing access to the MC68230 Peripheral Interface Timer PI T digital input output and counter timer lines 64 way male DIN41612 bus expansion connector offering access to all processor signals of the MC68000 CPU Eight external userinterrupt vectors autovectored interrupts and eleven trap instructions available to the user Ten fault switches of
19. and other Bluetooth applications The main operating hardware of this developer s kit is 2 Bluetooth USB adaptor It supports Bluetooth h 1 compliant and compatible with other advanced Bluetooth interface It has anuintelligently designed APIs Application Program for Interfacing for concise interfaces with other Bluetooth devices and also traced utility for configurable real time monitoring of all stack layers The application software of this product is conduct in_an application program for interfacing API in a CD which is required to be installed by the user Ref 24 25 MC68000 To Bluetooth The Bluetooth Developer s Kit for Windows comes with following components Software Developer s Kit software Technical Documentation 2 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptors System requirement for Bluetooth Developer s Kit to be operated is describe as below Windows 98 SE Me 2000 SP 2 XP Microsoft Visual C 6 0 SP 5 USB port CD ROM drive for installation Ref 25 eSa oe After several consideration the TDK Bluetooth Developer s Kit was not applied into implementation due to the following basis 1 There is a connection failure between the USB adaptor and MC68000 Flight board USB to serial RS 232 converter required in order to generate a communication between two interface and this involve an additional cost and time to assemble this converter 2 Cost of purchasing is over the limited
20. and the applications of the major internal processor MC68230 and MC68681 Introducing New Technology A concise introduces of Bluetooth technology and its application will be described in this chapter Special attention will be paid to the ability of Bluetooth technology in order to help the user to understand about the practical of this project 10 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 Chapter 8 Chapter 9 MC68000 To Bluetooth RS 232 It is the aim of this chapter to give an understanding to the RS 232 link by looking at its details RS 232 is the most frequently usedslink in this chapter Understand the concept of RS 232 will help to penalize the whole project Project Development This chapter is the main and most important_partethrough out the whole document It will describe on the whole process of project developing including the main system design flow chartand software development Test Plan And Future Development This chapter will introduce the appropriate expansion and ideas for the future work of this projectyIt will deal with other features of the project that has been recommended by haye not been develop Project Management This chapter introducedsthe project management process through out the whole period including the time management and the scheduling task to be complete Conclusion This chapter aim to give a conclusion and summary on the whole documentation of this project It will ends with
21. ard and thus to utilize the switeh and lamp unit to operate as a light indicator during the process of transmission 6 3 Hardware Development This project is software based achievement and only a minompin converter is develop to switch the pins of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable slave module from male to female connector in order to interface with LK3 9 pin D type yRS 232 male connector of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board RX Data 2 2 RX Data TX Data 3 3 TX Data cTs P 7 7 CTS 1 P Ground 5 5 Ground RTS O P 8 8 RTS O P Figure 6 3 Pin Converter As shown above a simple hardware development will be conduct by using two RS 232 connector Male module of each connector will be connected and solder with different color according to above settings Only 5 major pins were used in this serial link and each of it is identified by using different color wires This converter will be used to modify the slave module of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable into a female connection point for interfacing with LK3 9 pin D type RS 232 male connector of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and function as same as the master module device MC68000 To Bluetooth 6 4 Software Development LED Off Receive data LED indi cator running from left to right Temporally store data into memory address in flight board Transfer tothe PC and show on the monitor screen LED Off Transfer data LED indi cator running from r
22. arrier Frequency Modulation Method Transmission Power Hoping Receiver IF Frequency Output Interface Humidity Compliant Baud Rate Operating Range 3 3V 6V regulated or unregulated power supply 2400MHz to 2483 5MHz USA Europe GFSK 1Mbps 0 5BT Gaussian Class 1 max 20dBm 1600 hops sec 1MHz channel space 1 5MHz centre frequency UART 3v EIA 232 SV 95 non condensing Bluetooth Specification v1 1 To 115200baud 100m 328 ft Dimensions 40 x 30 x 5Gmm Antenna Internal orexternal via SMA Connector Table 4 3 2 Specification of BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Ref 28 This device was also unable to obtain and utilize in this project due to the mistaken order of product and time arrangement failure from the provider 28 MC68000 To Bluetooth 4 3 2 Introducing The BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Figure 4 3 3 BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Ref 29 The main interfacing system of this project goes to this device the BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Similar to BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal it is a plug and play device BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable consists of a Bluetooth RS 232 master module with a female connector and another Bluetooth RS 232 slave module with a male connector Both of these device are Bluetooth version 1 1 standard and it approve the serial port profile spp and operates as a wireless RS 232 cable It has built in LED which used to display status of curre
23. budget of 200 3 An account was unable toform due to paper work between University s account department and TDK System Ltd The account may takes up to 1 months to set up and it will not be possible to be delivering within 2 months 4 Application Program for Interfacing API for this hardware was unable to compatibleAwith the PC compiler to access with the used of MC68000 Flight board 26 4 3 2 MC68000 To Bluetooth Introducing the BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Figure 4 3 2 BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Ref 26 BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal is a seriale nnection hardware that provides an instant connection to the master device A RS 232 connector is required for the master device to communicate with this device This hardware requires neither software nor hardware modification to the existing system and will provide a wireless range of communication up to 100m Excellent features of BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal including A plug and play device no additional setting or redesign required Connect directly to the RS 232 port of master appliances Pins are compatible with regular RS 232 for hardware handshaking Able to communicate with up to 7 other Bluetooth device Baud rat are adjustable and up to 115kbps A Bluetooth Version 1 1 Compliant Compatible with other Bluetooth devices Ref 27 27 MC68000 To Bluetooth Specification of BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Supply Voltage C
24. cessor and even to another PC 2 Linking system can be 50 to 100 feet long depends on the peripheral and cable used 3 It is easy to convert a 5V serial port to an RS 232 link andemicroprocessor and microcontroller system 4 There will only three wires for a 2 way link system A_RS 232 normally consists of 9 pins including a ground connector The cost of cables and large connectors will be reduced Ref 35 5 4 Signal and Connectors Pin Signal Type Description a CD eontrol Carrier detect 2 RD data Received data 3 TD data Trans mitted data 4 DTR control Data terminal ready 5 GND Signal ground 6 DSR control Data set ready 7 RTS control Request to send 8 CTS control Clear to send 9 RI control Ring Indicator Table 5 4 RS232Pins Location Ref 36 For RS 232enly pin 2 3 4 5 and 8 will be used in common applications Pin 2 Receive data from the transmitter Pin 3 Transmit data to the receiver 33 MC68000 To Bluetooth Pin 4 Data terminal ready which drive a positive 5V from the PC and thus to allow hardware handshaking to take place in order to receive data Pin5 AOV common ground connection Pin 8 Clear to sent providing hardware handshaking in the other direction to indicate a signal for sending data 5 5 Data Format Data that will be sent or receive through a transmission can bexepresent in all kinds of format including commands codes text message or information These data will be encoded
25. dable memory location and its operation With the above command the MC68681 is set tobe Transmitter is enabling with each providing a 1 bit stop bit length Receiver is enabling Systems are to be asynchronous to each data transmission Auto configure to the current transmission status Input and output port is enabling Set to sent each data byte as one start bit following by a eight bits data begin with the least significant bit LSB and then continue with the most significant bit MSB and finally ends with one stop bit Thete will be no parity during the operation Each register are given different off value to represent a special function in the memory status and related controlling operations Offsetyvalue for each register can be change based on the requirement operation of user It is highly recommend that every single offset value in its individual register should be examined promptly to ensure a successful process is established in communication with other devices 6 4 2 Programming on MC68230 The aims of this coding are to control the MC68230 which control the multi application board to works as the light indicator in this project char PACRPTR 0xS0000D char PADDRPTR 0x800005 char PBCRPTR Ox80000F char PBDDRPTR 0x800007 char PBDRPTR 0x80001 3 char PADRPTR 0x80001 1 define PACR PACRPTR 48 MC68000 To Bluetooth define PADDR PADDRPTR define PBCR PBCR
26. dware by using a MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Since the technical solution at this stage is leftefor investigation the report will be concentrate on the full progress process of thisyprojects 1 1 Project objective The objective of this project is to e Develop two individual cir umstances under the same conditions for two Bluetooth adaptors to transfer and receive data to each other and show the data on the Hyper Terminal screen under the control of Motorola MC68000 microprocessor e Create a software environment to interlink between the hardware and to design the protocol e Develop software to control the application board to work as light indicator when transmission is taking part MC68000 To Bluetooth 1 2 Project Development Due to the size complexity and limited time scale involved the overall design of this project will be separate into particular part for advanced research The whole design procedure will be concentrate on the software basis as it required less of hardware development The following methods are used to develop the system Information Gathering A background research on the fequired information and hardware including the relationship between RS 232 and MG 68000 flight board and the functionality of Bluetooth Physical Design Research on the overall system design aecording to the required of the project objective Software Design The coding procedure that will create a control s
27. fer six open circuit and four short to ground faults The board operates from a single 9V power supply and has a current consumption of 700mA A 110 120V 50 60Hz or 220 240V 50 60Hz power adapter is included please specify which is required when ordering Dim nsions 1575mm wide 2230mm deep 160mm high without case Weightial 4 Ib including case Table 3 3 Specifications of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Ref 9 Generally MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board will be divided into two operating circuit which is the MC68230 peripheral Interface Timer circuit PI T and MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit for different operations Ref 10 18 MC68000 To Bluetooth 3 3 1 MC68230 peripheral Interface Timer circuit PI T Operation MC68230 peripheral Interface Timer circuit is a complex circuit that deals with variety of different operations mode required for peripheral interface timer system applications The features of peripheral interface timer circuit including oe gt 24 individual Input output lines including handshaking eSa Port model of bit I O unidirectional 8 Bit and 16 Bit and Bidirectional 8 bit and 16 bit t Programmable handshaking option o 24 bit programmable timer mode 5 separate interrupt vectors oo There are 23 different register in this circuit and each register are set for different functions start with the location of 800001 Ref 11 In th
28. gly it indicates that the project was successfully done and the objective of this project is fulfilled 51 MC68000 To Bluetooth 7 Test Plan and Future Development 7 1 Overview The aim of this chapter is to introduce several detail investigation plan for thisyproject It is highly recommended to the reader that the schedule will give a further understand on the overall project operations although it has not been apply due dimited time scale Future development plan are also included for the reader to discover and achieve a higher result in this project 7 2 Test plan 8 0 meters 5 0 2 0 meters meters Figure 7 2 Test Plan The final implementation of the system will be test by using multiple locations on slave module and test for the speed of transferring versus distance In details this test plan is used to investigate on the capability of Bluetooth technology on transferring data over certain limited distance without face to face connections Master setting will be positioned at the center of Room LD403 and slave module will be installed according to Figure 7 2 for different distance and investigate the transferring rate for each location 52 MC68000 To Bluetooth First a fix byte size data will be sent from master PC to slave PC Data will be set according to the user and this data will continuous to be transmitted to slave PC until transmission is complete These procedures will be repeated again by slave
29. h this project and gosfor prototyping As a summary of the overall documentation this project is say to be a great challenging and very encouraging task to a undergraduate student The overall project will bring the reader and also the author to a world of New technology with the advance devices This project have the ability for further expansion and it required to learn understand deeply and reflects to the world of electrical and electronic engineering 59 MC68000 To Bluetooth References Ref 1 Figure 2 3 1 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and Multi Application Board Available from http www flite co uk micros htmil Ref 2 MC68000 Flight 68 K MKII Board and Multi Application BoardsQperation Available from http w ww flite co uk micros html Ref 3 Bluetooth Technology Available from http bluetooth com dev specifications asgp Ref 4 Figure 2 3 2 BlueWave RS 232 Wireless Cable Available from http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp produetGroupID 202 amp deptID 5 Ref 5 BlueWave RS 232 Wireless Cable Specification Available from http w ww blueunplugged com shop detail asp productGroupID 202 amp deptID 5 Ref 6 RS 232 Specification Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 7 Brief Introduction ondMC68000 Microprocessor Available from http e www motorola com webapp sps site prod_summary jsp code MC68000 Ref 8 Figure 3 3 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Avai
30. he whole process development is to be complete within 181 days and it falls into six distinct levels Feasibility Study 12 days to set the aim and objective for this project and to blueprint a systematic plan to drive the process of development Project Analysis and Information Gathering 38 days involve in effort of analyzing the project system and collecting the necessary information Further Study and Analysis 40 days to have a deep understanding into the internal factors of project hardware and thus to plan the corresponding system Prototyping 54 days to construet_software coding and to finalize all analysis on necessary hardware development Final Implementation 32 days to unite all hardware and apply an interconnection between_al hardware with assembly program and also to complete the developing process by making appropriate final adjustment and upgrading Documentation 60days to finalize all project information into an appropriate report that including all project details and related knowledge and end up with a conclusion The final timeQmanagement procedure has some minor changes for prototyping final implementationgand documentation caused by the unexpected delay and problem that occur forshardwate purchasing Analysis and coding was only start be done presently due to project hardware was been purchased only during middle of February All final aims of objective are set to a
31. ication program and thus be control by the register in this serial asynchronous system 3 4 Introducing the Flight Electronics MultpApplication Board Figure 3 4 1 Flight Electronics Multi Application Board Ref 13 The Flight Electronic Multi Application Board is intended to use with a wide range of original microprocessor training board It provides the user with a beginning to the computer control via microprocessor An eight lever switches facilitate data to be fed directly to the computer in digital form This board provides a useful way of simulating I O conditions from the user for program testing and debugging ideas For the connection figure Flight Electronic Multi Application Board will be connected to the 40 pins connector by Using a 40 way ribbon cable Power will be provided with a 240V normal main adaptor supply and optionally an 110V is available Ref 14 20 MC68000 To Bluetooth Figure 3 4 2 Switch amp Lamp Unit Ref 15 On Flight Electronic Multi Application Board Switch amp Lamp Unit will be used as the main function in this project The switch and lamp unityconnects to the 40 way parallel input output connector of the FLT 68K and is controlled by the FLT 68K s Parallel Interface Timer PI T chip An 8 colored LED willbe used as on or off mode to indicate the 1 and 0 form of binary code In this projeets these LED will be on and runs from left to right in binary form which indicates ada
32. ight to left Temporally sent data to memory address in flight board Trans fer the data from flight board to destination through Bluewave RS232 LED Off Figure 6 4 Flow Chart of Software Development 45 MC68000 To Bluetooth According to the flow chart above the software development for this project will be design and implement according to the three main function below 1 To generate a software environment for MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit to operate as a medium of data transmission between host computer and BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable 2 To drive the LEDs on switch and light unit of Multi Application board to work as a data receiving indicator by activating the running light fromyleft to right 3 To drive the LEDs on switch and light unit of Multi Application board to work as a data transferring indicator by activating the running light from right to left In order to implement this functions into operations aseries of program has been develop by using C programming language to compile with the original MC68000 programming method The overall system will be divided into two_major part which is the controlling process of data transmission by MC68681 DualyAsynchronous Receiver Transmitter device and light indicator by MC68230 peripheralInterface Timer device 6 4 1 Programming on MC68684 The aim of this coding is to provide a direct connection from host computer to BlueWave Industrial
33. ion indicates a delay and break in every process of running light system The greater the value of looping the fastest the running LEDs will be 50 MC68000 To Bluetooth 6 4 3 Software setting for BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable In order to have a same baud rate as the MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board the BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable need to configure its own setting to operate at 9600 baud no parity 8 data bits and with a stop bit The operation steps below shows the configuration for BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable 1 Connect the BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable into the CQM2 port of the host computer and switch on the device 2 Open Hyper terminal application and configure it to the original setting of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable 115200 bps no parity 8 data bits and 1 stop bits 3 Type then enter 4 Type AT BWB 3 to set baud rate to 9600 bps 5 A message will then return to indicate that configuration was been update successfully 6 4 4 Summary of Project Development After all software coding and configuration has been set up the device will be connected by using the appropriate cable Application program will be compile then debug and run A Hyper Terminal screen will be operates under this condition When user type in an character in the HyperTerminal application and it appears on both screen of master and slave PC and the LEDs in Multi Application Board are running accordin
34. is project MC68230 peripheral Interface Timer circuit is used as the secondary controller to conduct the operation of Flight Electronic Multi Application Board for its Switch amp Lamp Unit These LEDs will indicate the process of data transmission and it required to have an appropriate setting to the several specific register in order to perform the required task 3 3 2 MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit Operation This device consists of two separate serial interfaces which is fully compatible with the serial port profile spp of RS 232 links One of the serial ports will be connected to the host computer and another one will be used to interface with any other serial devices Features of MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter devices including Two independent I O port Soft wareyprogram baud rate generator Six parallel inputs Eight parallel outputs Separate counter timer mode 19 MC68000 To Bluetooth Again this device has variety of register to be set and several of the register contain on the same location n off set value This register should be set for appropriate values according to the requirement of user in order to drive the serial port for transmission Ref 12 MC68681 Dual Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter circuit will be used as the primary controller in this project controlling whole data transmission process Data will be transfer according to the settings of appl
35. itter and receiver will act according to the time signal to complete the transmission There are two types of serial data formats which uses clocks in diverse ways 5 6 1 Synchronous Format m Transmitter sends bits on clock s falling edge i Receiver reads bits on clock s rising edge DATA JA 61H BIT7 BIT 0 0 i 1 0 0 0 0 1 Figure 5 6 1 Synchronous Transmission Ref 37 In this format the network will share an external clock or a same clock which is generated by a particular of the device All the transmission bits will be transmitting according to the clock signal which have a fixed frequency Receiver will act according to this signal andydecided when to receive a bit Synchronous format are widely use in short linking system with the maximum 15 feet cable It used a multiple ways to indicate the Operation steps including adding a stop and start bit and also to contribute a chip 35 MC68000 To Bluetooth select signals Many synchronous protocols send data begins with a most significant bit MSB first then only follow by the least significant bit LSB AS ny 36 MC68000 To Bluetooth 5 6 2 Asynchronous Format DATA 61H Transmitter uses an internal clock to determine when to send each bit Receive r detects the falling edge of start then uses its internal clock to read the following bits near their centers START BIT 7 ST BIT Figure
36. k accordingly due to the delay of hardware purchasing and late delivering of hardware only during middle of February The whole project management will be shown on 3 different Gantt chart in Appendix A Appendix B and Appendix C which indicate theychangey3 different hardware and system design The overall project supervision process Was running under a wobbly situation where most of the scheduled process has only been done by the end term of overall process 57 MC68000 To Bluetooth 9 Conclusion 9 1 Report Overview In this project report all related information and also details about the project development and project management was fully describe throughout the whole documentation of this project First the author has given a guideline to the reader about the aims and objective of this project A simplified system outline was shown to give a first rough idea about the project system development and how it is design according touts title Continuing with the following chapter the major technology that will be apply in this project is been introduced The author has explained in details about MC68000 microprocessor system and its application the new Bluetooth technology and the RS 232link All these information will give aAlsera more understanding and wide thinking to this project In the middle part of this project report the user aims to explain about the project development procedures and project management through
37. king and errors This programming is called as event driven An interrupt will automatically generate necessary actions to react 38 MC68000 To Bluetooth the feedback of the system and to active or passive a port When ever there is an external events happen during the operation the interrupt will automatic execute tojump to the exacting routine Polling is use for transferring short data or expecting an immediate data to be received when sending a data This polling system is called as procedure programming and required no additional hardware interrupts This method will pool the port for a periodically checking on the condition and signals of the Operations to detect all immediate events 5 7 4 Acknowledgement An acknowledgement is a byte that identified they system a transmission is currently operating It will be receive either by a receiver or transmitter node This node will detect the acknowledgement far through the whole transmission and response to it When the receiver or transmitter receive a reply from the node they will automatic be admit and thus sent or receive the data If there iso reply the transmitter or receiver will retry or take another action in to the operation Acknowledgement are effective to networks where all the linking are sharing the samespath way 5 7 5 Error checking One of the simple forms of error checking is by duplicating the operation The transmitter will sent a data twice and_th recei
38. lable from http www flite co uk micros htmil Ref 9 Table 3 3 Specifications of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Availableiirom http w ww flite co uk micros htmil 60 MC68000 To Bluetooth Ref 10 Introduction to MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board The Flight68000 MKII Training System December 1997 User Manual by Flight Electronics International Ltd United Kingdom Ref 11 Introduction to MC68230 Operation The Flight68000 MKII Training System December 1997 User Manual by Flight Electronics International Ltd United Kingdom Ref 12 Introduction to MC68681 Operation The Flight68000 MKII Training System December 1997 User Manual by Flight Electronics International Ltd United Kingdom Ref 13 Figure 3 4 1 Flight Electronics Multi Application Board Available from http www flite co uk micros htmil Ref 14 Introduction to Flight Multi Application Board Microelectronics Application Copyright 1994 User Manual by Flight Electronics International Ltd United Kingdom Ref 15 Figure 3 4 2 _ Switch amp Lamp Unit Available from http www flite co uk micros htmil Ref 16 Bluetooth Technology Bluetooth Revealed 2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 17 Bluetooth Technology Bluetooth Revealedy2001 Published by Prentice Hall USA Ref 18 Bluetooth Specifications Available from http bluetooth com dev specifications asgp 61 MC68000 To Bluetooth Ref 19 Figure 4 2 2 Master and Slave Role in a piconet
39. less Futures UK Limited United Kingdom Ref 31 Table 4 3 3 b Specification of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Wireless Future BlueW AVE Industrial Wireless Cable User Guide 2002 2003 Wireless Futures UK Limited United Kingdom Ref 32 Table 4 3 3 C Original configurations ofyBlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Wireless Future BlueW AVE Industrial Wireless Cable User Guide 2002 2003 Wireless Futures UK Limited United Kingdom Ref 33 RS 232 Specifications Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 34 Table 5 2 RS 232 Specification Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 35 Feature of RS 232 Serial Port Completey2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 36 Tables 4 RS 232 Pins Location Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 37 Figure 5 6 1 Synchronous Transmission Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA 63 MC68000 To Bluetooth Ref 38 Figure 5 6 2 Asynchronous Transmission Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA Ref 39 Prevent Missing Data Serial Port Complete 2000 Published by Lakeview Research USA 64 MC68000 To Bluetooth Bibliography Bluetooth website www Bluetooth com www Palowireless com Bluetooth www bluetooth org www motorola com bluetooth RS 232 websites www ctips com rs232 html www uwsg iu edu usail peripherals serial rs232 w
40. mplexity and high costing of cables It is optimized for low power consumption and also low cost in developing A Bluetooth communication will required no face to face connections between hardware and even direct pointing as for infra red as operate by using radio wave In other words Bluetooth technology is enable to work under any circumstances and_it is entirely freedom under all kinds of environment within the limited range A device has to be Bluetooth facilitated i e contain a Bluetooth chip to be able to operate a Bluetooth connection with other devices Ref 17 4 2 1 Bluetooth Specification Bluetooth technology is performed by using the radio waves in 2 4Giga Hz and it utilizes a bandwidth between 2 402 2 480 Giga Hz The bandwidth is broken into 79 channels and is limited to 1 Mega Hertz per channel The operating speed of Bluetooth is faster 22 MC68000 To Bluetooth than an Integrated Services Digital Network ISDN but slower than an Infra red Bluetooth connections are highly secured as it has consists of various levels of confirmation including pin code admission and up to 128 bit encryption Bluetooth devices can be categorized in 3 Efficiency classes Class1 Highest efficiency with maximum coverage distance up to 100 meters 300 feet Class 2 Medium efficiency maximum coverage distance is about 50 meters 150 feet Class 3 Lowest power efficiency with the Coverage distance of about 1
41. n system As it communication between a master slave module the system can be upgrade into a high 53 MC68000 To Bluetooth security communication system The master PC will act as the main security system and all users will be request to enter their identification password on the slave PC and sent to master PC On the other side master PC will check all the details of the request user for their background and membership through the data base by using the received identification password and thus to decide whether they are qualified Or opposite In another future planning master PC can be act as an automaticycalculation system for any system that required high security In the same manner userewill be request to enter an amount on the screen and this figure will be received by the master PC After receiving data master PC will do a line of calculation according to the amount that has been enter and thus to generate a request computation When final result is being generate the user of master PC will then type the result on the screen and sent it back and show on the screen of slave PC 54 MC68000 To Bluetooth 8 Project Management 8 1 Overview This chapter will define the detail through out the whole process of project management It aims to show the steps and level of management and changes or upgrading that occur during the overall route and in conclusion ends with project documentation 8 2 Time Management T
42. nd receive data in the same time In specific explanation RS 232 is use to interface between the data Terminal Equipment DTE and Data Communications Equipment DCE in each connection to take up a serial data interchange Ref 6 In this project RS 232 link are used to interface between PC MC68000 Flight board and BlueWave RS 232 wireless cable Further details of RS 232 will be discussed in chapter 5 15 MC68000 To Bluetooth 3 MC68000 Microprocessor 3 1 Overview In the previous chapter only some major key aspects of MC68000 have_been introduced This chapter will present a clear and details knowledge to the reader regarding to MC68000 Flight Board MKII technology its internal architecture and technical applications which will be apply in this project 3 2 Brief Introduction on MC68000 Microprocessor MC68000 microprocessor is the first achievement of M68000 16 32 bit microprocessor architecture which is manufactured by Motorola Company It has a 16 bit data bus and 24 bit address bus and the full architecture support for 32 bit address and data bus Coding on MC68000 is compatible with others M68000 family microprocessors The Motorola MC68000 family of microprocessors isnow familiar as an industry standard for industrial organize and multi user computer systems which required the speed and power of an advanced 16 32 bit microprocessor Ref 7 3 3 Introducing MC68000 Flight 68K MKII B oard i jA r Wa a FLT MAC
43. nt Bluetooth connections The LED status is described as below LED Indication Mode Bluetooth Connection Single flash Data None Slow flash 1Hz Command None Quick flash 2Hz Command Active LED off steady Data None LED on steady Data Active Table 4 3 3 a LED status of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Ref 30 29 MC68000 To Bluetooth BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable comes with the great features such as 2e 2e kS 2e 2e gt kesa 2e Up to 330m line of sight Bluetooth wireless link Up to 230 4kbps baud rate connection with hardware handshaking Direct connection from power up Fully compatible with serial port profile of RS 232 No external software or installation is required Manufacturing strength aluminum attachment and antenna As same as BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal the BlueWave dndustrial Wireless Cable has the same specification except for some minor upgrading Supply Voltage Carrier Frequency Modulation Method Transmission Power Hoping Receiver IF Frequency Output Interface Humidity Compliant Baud Rate Operating Range Antenna 110 240 AC Power Adaptor 2400MHz to 2483 5MHz USA Europe GFSK 1Mbps 0 5BT Gaussian Class 1 max 20dBm 1600 hops sec 1MHz channel space 1 5MHz centre frequency EIA 232 5V 95 non condensing Bluetooth Specification v1 1 To 230 4kbps baud rate 100m 328 ft External via SMA Connect
44. on 57 9 1 Report Overview 37 9 2 Summary 58 References 59 Bibliography 64 Appendix A 65 Appendix B 66 Appendix C 67 MC68000 To Bluetooth Glossary of Common Terms amp Abbreviations PC Personal Computer Hz Hertz a measurement of frequency DUART Dual Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UART Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter R W Read Write Bit The smallest unit of a data either 1 or0 Byte unit measurement of data which from by 8 bits ASCII American Standard for Information Exchange ANSI American National Standards Institute USB Universal Serial Bus RS Recommended Standard V Volt unit measurement of voltage LED Light Emitted Diode CD Compact Disk API Application Program for Interfacing bps Bytes per second spp serial port profile RAM Randony Access Memory ROM Read Only Memory CMOS Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor PY T Peripheral Interface Timer circuit O Input Output MC68000 To Bluetooth Table of Figures Figure 2 3 System Outline Simplified Figure 2 3 1 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and Multi Application Board Figure 2 3 2 BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Figure 3 3 MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Figure 3 4 1 Flight Electronics Multi Application Board Figure 3 4 2 Switch amp Lamp Unit Figure 4 2 2 Master and Slave Role in a piconet Figure 4 2 3 Relative Responsiveness versus Power Consumption Figure 4 3 1 TDK Blue
45. or Table 4 3 3 b Specification of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Ref 31 30 MC68000 To Bluetooth BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable has the ability to interface with other devices by using the slave module and the range are from minimum speed of 1 2kbps baud rate up to 230 4kbps baud rate In order to be user friendly the system allowed user tovconfigure the settings according to the system requirement by only few straightforward procedure that excluding the need for external complicating program development Baud Rate 115 2kbps Data Bits 8 Stop Bits 1 Parity None Bluetooth Mode Enables instant connection Bluetooth Name wireless cable PIN code 1111 Mode Data mode Unit act as a cable Table 4 3 3 C Original configurationsyof BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Ref 32 Blue Wave Industrial Wireless Cable was finally be purchased and put into practice in this project It highly fulfills Ahe required functionality of this project with its advanced technology and the following special features Compatible wath allyserial port profile spp of RS 232 which used as the key connection for M 68000 Flight board Able to transfer data asynchronously for any transmission through RS 232 format and link Providing a separation of master and slave module and thus simple and fully equipped for communication between two PC 31 MC68000 To Bluetooth 5 RS 232 5 1 Overview This chapter aim to introduce
46. out the whole process of project complementation This 18 again an important issue for a overall project development and it including all theyefforts in designing implementing and trouble shooting of each individual part of the project The documentation stops with an overall project summary that reviews all information of this report It will again discover about the overall project and ends with a self comment from the author 58 MC68000 To Bluetooth 9 2 Summary This project development has been started since middle of October 2002 and it finally comes to the final stage of overall project During the whole process of project developing Variety task has been done to research and investigate on the appropriate field in order to collect the required information to design and pres ntasguideline to this project title as MC68000 To Bluetooth All kinds of problems andichanges have occurs during the process of project development and this finally leads a lack of a final demonstration model of the principle The main problem thatthe author has face over the whole period is the constant changing delay of purchasing and collection of the hardware and this all was only be done during middle of February 2003 The objective and aims of the project is keep changing during the whole period to meet the requirement of project and also thus to suite new hardware This lead a very complex and limited time situation to the author to accomplis
47. ssociate with new hardware 55 MC68000 To Bluetooth 8 3 Task Management During whole project developing process each working period has been given several tasks to investigate Project Analysis and Information Gathering Basic behavior of Bluetooth The Fundamental of Motorola MC68000 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptor Further Study and Analysis Coverage of Bluetooth and its application Internal system configurations for Bluetooth interface Motorola MC 68000 and its application Architecture of Motorola MC68000 microprocessor Function and Internal application of M 68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Study and analysis on the function and internal architecture of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable due tovchange of hardware Prototyping gt Developing relevant programming for trial to the MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board on similar functions PS Testing the operations of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable oe gt Developing the actualprogram for project Essential modification to the MC68000 Flight 68 K MKII Board oe Final Implementation P Applying actual program to the MC68000 simulator board memory Combination between MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and BlueWave gt Industrial Wireless Cable A gt Detailed testing AS gt Final adjusting tuning and upgrading 56 MC68000 To Bluetooth Unfortunately this project management is unable to keep trac
48. ta is currently transmitting to the other terminal It will be showing that a datayis currently receiving from the other terminal when the LEDs are on and running fromright to left When LEDs are of it indicates that no transmission is in operation 21 MC68000 To Bluetooth 4 Introducing New Technology 4 1 Overview This chapter aims to introduce the Bluetooth technology to the reader regarding to the required information which should be understand in order to bring this project in to success Several Bluetooth hardware will be introduced in this chaptemas it placed several important roles through the whole process of project development 4 2 Bluetooth Technology Bluetooth technology was started to be in research since 1994 and first come into success in July 1999 It is design by a group of people which form as the result of cooperation of many companies within an organization This group of people is leading by a legal agreement among all the members but it is not a company or a formal body and the name of this group of people is acknowledged as Bluetooth Special Interest Group Bluetooth SIG The origin of the Bluetooth SIG were form by Ericsson Intel Corporation International Business Machines Corporation IBM Nokia Corporation and Toshiba Corporation and now the special group contains over 2000 members Ref 16 Bluetooth technology is a radio frequency based cable replacement technology and design to replace the co
49. ternal software connection will be appearing to interface between center processing unit with software compiler text editomand Hyper Terminal operations MC68K Fli ght 68K Pes MKII Board Sid RS B2 ble Multi E gt Application Board zi 24 way _ itbm abe Serid lt a Ga a RS 3B2 cable Bluewave h Y Industrial wi reless hardware Figure 6 2 2 Interfacing Between Hardware As shown above a serial links will appear between MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board with host computer and BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable An RS 232 cable will be used to interface from_COM2 port of host computer to LK2 9 pin D type RS 232 male connection on MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board An original built in RS 232 link cable on the BlueWaveJndustrial Wireless Cable then will be connect to the LK3 9 pin D type RS 232 male connector of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board The purpose of this serial link is to interface the host computer to MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and thus to generate commands and operation to BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable for transmission of data 43 MC68000 To Bluetooth For connection between MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board and Multi Application board a 24 way ribbon cable will be apply to connect from LK4 of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board to the terminal port of Multi Application Board This is to link between MC68681 circuit device with the Multi Application Bo
50. tion for a slave and parked slave mode Both responsiveness and power consumption will be affected by the major factor such as the communication traffic and the amount of sniff and hold period Sniff or hold mood is one method for reducing power Consumption when active slave has accomplished its task and under standby mode for ext interval signal to be given Sniff mode will allow the reduce of power consumption by dropping the average duty cycle of the radio but will also reduced the 24 MC68000 To Bluetooth responsiveness of its own In hold mode the device will stop to be in operation in afixed interval and waiting for the next cycle to achieve Ref 22 4 3 Bluetooth Hardware There are numerous Bluetooth hardware promoted in the market due toxspecial demand and highly improve technology For this project several Bluetoothyhardware has under consideration and analyzed for its specific condition and ability andethus to locate in this project for wireless communication principles 4 3 1 Introducing The Bluetooth Developer s Kit for Windows yor Fa N arada JA LO t inital i Lh 4 i Figure 4 3 1 TDK Bluetooth USB Adaptor Ref 23 The Bluetooth Developer s Kit for Windows are produce by TDK System Ltd It is design to assist with PCs notebooks and laptops for device discovery bonding and accessing data in wireless messaging communication between external device such as modems and printers mobile phones
51. tooth USB Adaptor Figure 4 3 2 BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Figure 4 3 3 BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Figure 5 6 1 Synchronous Transmission Figure 5 6 2 Asynchronous Transmission Figure 6 2 1 System Block Diagram Figure 6 2 2 Interfacing Between Hardware Figure 6 3 Pin Converter Figure 6 4 Flow Chart of Software Development Figure 7 2 Test Plan Table of Tables Table 3 3 Specifications of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board Table 4 3 2 Specification of BlueWave RS232 DTE Terminal Table 4 3 3 a LED status of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Table 4 3 3 b Specification of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Table 4 3 3 C Original configurations of BlueWave Industrial Wireless Cable Table 5 2 Table 5 4 RS 232 Specification RS 232 Pins Location MC68000 To Bluetooth 1 Introduction World technology today has been highly demand and improved since the tecent years People are hunger for appliances which are more user friendly and high convenient in supervision and multi purpose In order for these aims to be satisfied microprocessor and microcontroller has upgrade constantly to maintain its excellent performance in the related industries Microprocessors are famous with its special industry standard for industrial control and multi user computer systems and even towall other embedded systems and devices The purpose of this document is to follow the designvand development of a system to interface with Bluetooth har
52. ver will confirm whether both are the same data If they are match to eachother the data is successfully being sent Else it will request to send again This duplicate task takes twice of the time to transmit data and is useful for sending occasional and short data Another error checking process called a checksum and operates by adding an error checking byte to the transmission The system will perform the calculation from an arithmetic or logical operation at the specified byte through the message The receiving process ends with calculating the final result and if the result is not same then the system will realize that the transmission is not success 39 MC68000 To Bluetooth A CRC cyclic redundancy code is another error checking ways by using calculations but it required on more complex math and is also more consistent than a checksum Ref 39 40 MC68000 To Bluetooth 6 Project Development 6 1 Overview In chapter the system outline has been defined this chapter goes on to showythe actual physical design and software development of this project It is the aim of this chapter to give a clear explanation on every practical task that involved in project progress and how each task is accomplished 6 2 Project Design The whole project will be design according to followingaims and objectives e Develop two individual circumstances under the same conditions for two Bluetooth adaptors to transfer and receive data to
53. ww ent ohiou edu welker rs232 www maxim ic com appnotes cfm appnote_number 375 In en www lavalink com techsupport white _paper T8_232_serial_ports pdf MC68000 websites www ticalc org pub text 68k www cs kuleuven ac be museum mc68000 port E html www hildreds freeserve co uk Project Index html 65
54. ystem for the project and it will be separate into several parts according to its own task 1 Interface of the Bluewave RS 232 wireless cable hardware to the MC68000 Flight board 2 Communicate with the COM2 portof PC and interface with the Hyper Terminal 3 Interface with the application board which act as the process light indicator 4 Transfer of bytes MC68000 To Bluetooth 1 3 Report Scope The major practice of this report is to investigate and study on MC68000 flight board in interfacing with a Bluetooth hardware and thus to generate a communication between PCs It will give an express idea to the reader and anyone to followingwp these advanced technologies in the future 14 Report Layout Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Introduction This chapter give an acknowledgement t the reader about the aim and objective of this project it explain the details about this whole report This chapter will end with report organization System Outline This chapter will give a straightforward overview on the overall project plan by guiding readers to the major system block diagrams that occupied in the design method MC68000 Microprocessor In this chapter MC68000 microprocessor and MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board will beyintroduced to the reader regarding to its specifications major functions and applications It will also give a basic idea on the Multi Application Board of MC68000 Flight 68K MKII Board
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