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PC-AO-2DC/DAQCard-AO-2DC User Manual

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1. Package P 8 Lead Plastic DIP S 8 Lead SOIC Part Mark Convention X25020 X Blank 8 Lead SOIC P 8 Lead Plastic DIP S 8 Lead SOIC X L Blank 5V 10 0 C to 70 C BV 10 40 C to 85 C D 3 0V to 5 5V 0 C to 70 C E 3 0V to 5 5V 40 C to 85 C F 2 7V to 5 5V 0 C to 70 C G 2 7V to 5 5V 40 C to 85 C LIMITED WARRANTY Devices sold by Xicor Inc are covered by the warranty and patent indemnification provisions appearing in its Terms of Sale only Xicor Inc makes no warranty express statutory implied or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the described devices from patent infringement Xicor Inc makes no warranty of merchantability or fitness for any purpose Xicor Inc reserves the right to discontinue production and change specifications and prices at any time and without notice Xicor Inc assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a Xicor Inc product No other circuits patents licenses are implied U S PATENTS Xicor products are covered by one or more of the following U S Patents 4 263 664 4 274 012 4 300 212 4 314 265 4 326 134 4 393 481 4 404 475 4 450 402 4 486 769 4 488 060 4 520 461 4 533 846 4 599 706 4 617 652 4 668 932 4 752 912 4 829 482 4 874 967 4 883 976 Foreign patents and additional patents pending LIFE RELATED POLICY in situ
2. 2 Measure the output voltage or current O4 3 For the same range and channel that you are calibrating write the code C5 to the DAC where 0 C 4 095 4 Measure the output voltage or current Op 5 Calculate B from the following formula BL C QL Oy C5 C1 05 Oy PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual E 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix E Calibration where O is the low end of the output range 5 V for bipolar O V for unipolar O mA for current output and By is the necessary bit pattern to write rounded to the nearest integer to get Or 6 Calculate By from the following formula By C On O C gt Ci O5 O1 where Oy is the high end of the output range 4 9987 V 9 9975 V or 19 9951 mA and By is the necessary bit pattern you write rounded to the nearest integer to get Og Voltage Calibration Method When you calibrate a voltage output use the codes 0 and 4 095 to achieve the best calibration with the two point calibration method described previously There are two reasons why 0 and 4 095 are the preferred codes First when you calibrate using 0 and 4 095 you measure the transfer characteristic of the entire DAC By choosing two points far apart you minimize the error due to the DAC nonlinearity In general it is better to use two points that are far apart rather than two points that are close together Figure E 2 illustrates why Example of poor fit using f a Code
3. PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC 1 0 Connector Figure 3 7 Digital I O Connections In Figure 3 7 port A is configured for digital output and port B is configured for digital input PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 3 8 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Signal Connections Digital input applications include receiving TTL signals and sensing external device states such as the switch in Figure 3 7 Digital output applications include sending TTL signals and driving external devices such as the LED shown in Figure 3 7 Refer to Appendix A Specifications for a list of the digital I O signal ratings Power up Condition At power up both port A and port B of the digital I O circuitry on the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC are configured as input ports Also these ports have weak internal pull ups National Instruments Corporation 3 9 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Chapter 4 Theory of Operation This chapter describes the theory of operation for analog output and digital I O using the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Functional Overview The block diagram in Figure 4 1 shows a functional overview of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC 82C55A Data Digital Address UO PC PCMCIA I O Channel Interface a 12 Bit DAC E a Control DAC1OUT PC PCMCIA I O Conta 12 Bit DAC oS Address y Select and y Control Back Pan
4. Company Address Phone Mail to Technical Publications Fax to Technical Publications National Instruments Corporation National Instruments Corporation 6504 Bridge Point Parkway 512 794 5678 Austin TX 78730 5039 Glossary o Q 5 V 2SDACO 2SDACI A AC A D ADC AGND AO API AWG BIOS BP C CW D D A DAC DACOH DACOL DACOOUT DACOUNI B1 DACIH DACIL DACIUNI B1 DAQ DC National Instruments Corporation degrees ohms per percent plus or minus 5 V signal two s complement DACO bit two s complement DACO bit amperes alternating current analog to digital A D converter analog ground signal analog output application programming interface American Wire Gauge basic input output system bipolar Celsius control word bit data bit digital to analog D A converter DACO high byte register DACO low byte register voltage output signal DACO unipolar bipolar bit DACI high byte register DACI low byte register DACI unipolar bipolar bit data acquisition direct current Glossary 1 PC AO 2DC DAQcCard AO 2DC User Manual Glossary DGND DIO DLL DMA DNL EEPROMCS EISA GND hex Hz IDE in INL VO IOH PCMCIA PROMOUT PPI PPM REXT rms S S SCLK SCXI SDATA SDK SHIELD TPCX TPU TSR TIL UP V VCC VDC VDMAD VEXT PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Glossary 2 digital ground signal digital I O dynamic link library direct me
5. LSB 0 10 V range high offset B MSB HO B 0 10 V range low offset B LSB Reserved ooo Of Oo OO 9 OO o o H H L L H H L L H H L 0 10 V range low offset B MSB Figure E 4 Factory Area of the EEPROM Map You can now use NI DAQ with your new calibration constants PC AO 2DC DAQcCard AO 2DC User Manual E 6 National Instruments Corporation Appendix F Power Management Modes This appendix describes the power management modes of the DAQCard AO 2DC e Normal Mode This is the normal operating mode of the DAQCard AO 2DC in which all the circuits are fully functional This mode draws about 89 mA from the 5 V supply about 445 mW e Power down Mode In this mode the digital circuitry is nonfunctional The analog output circuits are powered down by setting the PWRDOWN bit in the PCMCIA Card Configuration and Status Register The analog supplies are reduced to zero negligible power is supplied to the analog circuits This mode draws about 26 mA from the 5 V supply about 130 mW If you are using a PC you can set the PWRDOWN bit by using the DAOPOWER utility that is shipped with NI DAQ Use DAQPOWER D to power down and DAQPOWER U to power up the DAQCard AO 2DC This utility is also available in Windows and is installed whenever you install NI DAQ National Instruments Corporation F 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Power Management Modes App
6. 9 9975 V or 19 9951 mA Oy output you want By necessary bit pattern you write to get Oy rounded to the nearest integer Each channel and each range has different values for B and By Each B and By is stored in EEPROM as an LSB and MSB There are two channels and three ranges which makes 12 pairs of calibration constants to characterize the module These constants are determined at the factory and stored in the onboard EEPROM The factory constants are the numbers that National Instruments software uses to calculate bit patterns When the module is shipped the load constants are the same as the factory constants Information on the structure of these tables is in the EEPROM Map section later in this appendix This appendix describes how to determine the calibration constants Notes Never overwrite the Factory Area in the EEPROM If you want to ignore software correction of the DACs you will have to write 0 to the B and 4095 to the B for all ranges into the EEPROM You can do this only if you do register level programming Calibration Methods Two Point Calibration Method With the two point calibration method you program a channel with two different DAC codes measure the circuit output for each code and calculate the calibration constants To calibrate the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC perform the following steps 1 For the range and channel that you are calibrating write the code C4 to the DAC where 0 C 4 095
7. CPU speed operating system and the software used PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual A 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix A Specifications DAQCard AO 2DC x MDC 545 tosta ices 89 mA typ 95 mA max 26 mA power down mode Note These specifications do not include power consumed by devices connected to the fused 5 V supply pin on the I O connector Physical PC AO 2DC Dimensions 22 eee ees 11 3 by 9 9 cm 4 45 by 3 90 in VQ COMME CLOT oan vereer tete te etes 50 pin male DAQCard AO 2DC PCMCIA Card sty pe iis ett en Type II W O connector issues ie erepti 25 pin female PCMCIA I O connector on card Environment Operating amenities er oleanders 0 to 50 C Temperature onion gi epar te Orphei 55 to 125 C Relative h midity ee PRIUS 596 to 9096 noncondensing National Instruments Corporation A 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet This appendix contains a manufacturer data sheet for the X25020 SPI serial EEPROM Xicor This EEPROM is used on both the PC AO 2DC and the DAQCard AO 2DC Copyright Xicor 1995 Reprinted with permission of copyright owner All rights reserved Xicor Inc 1995 Data Book National Instruments Corporation B 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B iG 2K X25020 256 x 8 Bit SPI Serial E2PROM With BLOCK LOCK PROTECTION FEATURES 1MHz Clock Rate 256 X 8 Bits
8. Never pull directly on the I O cable to unplug it from the DAQCard AO 2DC The DAQCard AO 2DC is installed Configuration Whether you are using NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI your AO 2DC devices are completely software configurable Refer to your software documentation to install and configure your software If you are a register level programmer refer to Appendix D Register Level Programming of this manual PC AO2DC Two types of configuration are performed on the PC AO 2DC bus related and data acquisition related Bus related configuration includes setting the base I O address Data acquisition related configuration includes such settings as analog output polarity selection range selection and digital I O configuration Bus Related Configuration The PC AO 2DC works in either a Plug and Play mode or a switchless mode These modes dictate how the base I O address is determined and assigned to the board PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 2 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration Plug and Play Mode The PC AO 2DC is fully compatible with the industry standard Intel Microsoft Plug and Play Specification version 1 0 A Plug and Play system arbitrates and assigns resources through software freeing you from manually setting switches and jumpers These resources include the board base I O address The PC AO 2DC is configured at the factory to request these resources from the Plug a
9. Ports A B and C are outputs wrt porta 0x12 Write data to port A wrt portb 0x34 Write data to port B wrt portc 0x56 Write data to port C EXAMPLE 2 wrt cnfg 0x90 Port A is input ports B and C are outputs wrt portb 0x22 Write data to port B wrt portc 0x55 Write data to port C valread rd porta Read data from port A National Instruments Corporation D 13 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming EXAMPLE 3 wrt cnfg 0x82 EXAMPLE 4 wrt cnfg 0x89 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Ports is an Ports is an D 14 Appendix D A and C are outputs port B input Af A and B are outputs port C input National Instruments Corporation Appendix E Calibration This appendix discusses the calibration procedures for the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC You can perform calibration only at the register level Note Neither NI DAQ nor LabVIEW supports calibration for the AO 2DC devices Overview The PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC have been calibrated at the factory for maximum accuracy All output ranges have some unknown offset and gain error which can be calibrated In addition known offset and gain errors have been added to ensure that each range can output voltages or currents throughout the nominal output range The curren
10. tw HOLD Setup Time 20 mre io HOLD Hold Time CS Deselect time 80 1 ns DT WiteGyoietime ee 3834 PGM T11 nme im Wa ue Clock Frequency a o i MBE ioe Output Disable Time nne e aen en Output Valid from clock Low o 86 Buet Time 9 o o mo Output Rise Time O A 99 m OupuFalfm 80 HOlDHghtoOupuilowz 39 _ HOLD Low to Outputin High 100 3834 PGM T12 Notes 3 twc is the time from the rising edge of CS after a valid write sequence has been sent to the end of the self timed internal nonvolatile write cycle National Instruments Corporation B 9 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 Serial Output Timing tevc MSB 1 OUT LSB OUT MSB OUT st ADR DINIS SS SS SS A AAN ASS LSBIN ZALA ELLEELLE LLL EL Ld iii 3834 FHD F09 tm in ER KAXAXA weem AXX XXX ALL A4 een XXXX HIGH IMPEDANCE PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 10 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet X25020 Hold Timing XC XXE XXX 3834 FHD F11 National Instruments Corporation B 11 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 PACKAGING INFORMATION 8 LEAD PLASTIC DUAL IN LINE PACKAGE TYPE P 0 430 10 92 0 360 9 14 Hj C1 r3 Es 0 092 2
11. 2 2 to 2 3 PC AO 2DC DA QCard AO 2DC User Manual current outputs 2 4 DAQCard AO 2DC 2 3 data acquisition related configuration 2 4 digital I O configuration 2 4 PC AO 2DC 2 2 to 2 3 Plug and Play mode 2 3 switchless mode 2 3 Configuration and Calibration Register Group Calibration EEPROM Register D 7 Command Register 1 D 4 Command Register 2 D 5 Command Register 3 D 6 register map D 2 current output analog output signal connections 3 5 to 3 8 current loop connection figure 3 8 DAC channel connection as current output figure 3 7 power up condition 3 7 calibration E 4 to E 5 configuration 2 4 power up condition 3 7 programming D 8 specifications A 1 customer communication xii H 1 CW lt 7 0 gt bits D 11 D D lt 7 0 gt bits DACOL DACOH DACIL and DACIH registers D 9 Port A Register D 10 Port B Register D 11 D lt 11 8 gt bits D 9 D 15 12 bits D 9 DACO Low Byte DACOL and DACO High Byte DACOH Registers description D 9 register map D 2 DACOOUT signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 DACOUNI BI bit D 5 National Instruments Corporation DACI Low Byte DACIL and DACI High Byte DAC1H Registers description D 9 register map D 2 DACIOUT signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 DACIUNI BI bit D 5 DAQCard AO 2DC board See AO 2DC devices data acquisition related configuration 2 4 DGND signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC
12. D 12 DAQCard AO 2DC Power Management Modes F 2 National Instruments Corporation vii PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual About This Manual This manual describes the electrical and mechanical aspects of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC and contains information concerning their installation and operation The PC AO 2DC is fully compatible with the industry standard Intel Microsoft Plug and Play Specification version 1 0a The DAQCard AO 2DC is for computers equipped with a PCMCIA Type H slot The PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC are analog output and digital I O devices for PC XT AT and IBM Personal System 2 PS 2 models 25 and 30 computers You can also use the DAQCard AO 2DC with Macintosh computers equipped with PCMCIA Type II slots These devices are designed for low cost data acquisition and control for applications in laboratory testing production testing and industrial process monitoring and control Organization of This Manual The PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual is organized as follows Chapter 1 Introduction describes the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC lists what you need to get started describes the optional software and optional equipment and explains how to unpack your AO 2DC e Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration contains instructions for installing the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC installing the NI DAQ software and cabling Chapter 3 Signal Connections describes the pin arrangement signal names
13. Figures The Relationship between the Programming Environment NI DAQ and OUT Hardware neden eea 1 3 PC AO 2DC I O Connector Pin Assignments eene 3 2 DAQCard AO 2DC I O Connector Pin Assignments eee 3 3 Screw Terminal Assignments for the CB 27 I O Connector Block 3 4 DAC Channel Connection as Voltage Output 3 6 DAC Channel Connection as Current Output External Loop Supply 3 7 Current Loop Connection Load and External Supply Grounded 3 8 Digital O Connections masteren ei eod o Ge buda us eee 3 8 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Block Diagram eese 4 PC I O Interface Circuitry Block Diagram of PC AO 2DC 4 2 PCMCIA I O Interface Circuitry Block Diagram of DAQCard AO 2DC 4 3 Analog Output Circuitry Block Diagram eene 4 4 Digital I O Circuitry Block Diagram EE 4 5 CB 50 LP and CB 50 Pin Assignments for the DAQCard AO 2DC Using the PSH27 50F D1 Cable tette eet SUE Eee be SIR C 2 Conrol Word Formal EE D 12 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Output Characteristics E 1 DAC Characteristics iude eius Dette tenen entel uut eoa end E 3 EEPROM Map of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC E 5 Factory Area of the EEPROM Map sonen attente rde E 6 Tables PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Register Map D 2 Digital VO C pfis rati ons Anneleen Eeen eeen
14. LabWindows enhances traditional programming languages Both packages include extensive libraries for data acquisition instrument control data analysis and graphical data presentation LabVIEW features interactive graphics a state of the art user interface and a powerful graphical programming language The LabVIEW Data Acquisition VI Library a series of VIs for using LabVIEW with National Instruments DAQ hardware is included with LabVIEW The LabVIEW Data Acquisition VI Libraries are functionally equivalent to the NI DAQ software LabWindows CVI features interactive graphics a state of the art user interface and uses the ANSI standard C programming language The LabWindows CVI Data Acquisition Library a series of functions for using LabWindows CVI with National Instruments DAQ hardware is included with the NI DAQ software kit The LabWindows CVI Data Acquisition libraries are functionally equivalent to the NI DAQ software Using LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI software will greatly reduce the development time for your data acquisition and control application PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 1 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction NI DAQ Driver Software The NI DAQ driver software is included at no charge with all National Instruments DAQ hardware NI DAQ is not packaged with SCXI or accessory products except for the SCXI 1200 NI DAQ has an extensive library of functions that you can call from your application
15. Port A7 These signals are bidirectional digital data lines for port A PA7 is the MSB PAO is the LSB 11 18 PB lt 0 7 gt Port BO through Port B7 These signals are bidirectional digital data lines for port B PB7 is the MSB PBO is the LSB 19 21 23 25 AGND Analog Ground This is the ground reference for analog output signals 20 DACIOUT DACI Out This is the voltage output signal for channel 1 DACOOUT DACH Out This is the voltage output signal for channel 0 IOUTI Current Out for Channel 1 This signal is the current output for channel 1 IOUTO Current Out for Channel 0 This signal is the current output for channel 0 SHIELD Shield This pin is connected to the card shield and computer ground The DAQCard AO 2DC fuse is a non resettable 500 mA 32 V fast acting fuse manufactured by Little Fuse part number LIT 418 500 You can use the CB 27 I O connector block and the PR27 30F cable with the DAQCard AO 2DC for your prototyping needs Analog Output Signal Connections The PC AO 2DC uses pins 1 3 and 10 12 for analog output The DAQCard AO 2DC uses pins 20 26 for analog output The DAQCard AO 2DC provides individual grounds for each current voltage output You can connect each AO 2DC output channel independently for either voltage output or current output Figure 3 4 shows how to make these signal connections National Instruments Corporation 3 5 P
16. Sheet X25020 Figure 3 Write Operation Sequence INSTRUCTION BYTE ADDRESS DATA BYTE XXX 2080080800000 00 HIGH IMPEDANCE Figure 4 Page Write Operation Sequence 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 SCK INSTRUCTION BYTE ADDRESS DATA BYTE 1 s AAA 000000000000 cs 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 DOODOODODOOOOOOOCOOOOO0O 3834 FHD F07 SCK o National Instruments Corporation B 7 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS COMMENT Temperature Under Bias 65 C to 135 C Stresses above those listed under Absolute Maximum Storage Temperature 65 C to 150 C Ratings may cause permanent damage to the device Voltage on any Pin with Respect to Ground 1 0V to 7V Thisisa stress rating only and the functional operation of D C Output Current eese 5mA the device at these or any other conditions above those Lead Temperature listed in the operational sections of this specification is Soldering 10 Seconds 300 C not implied Exposure to absolute maximum rating con ditions for extended periods may affect device reliability RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS Military 125 C 3834 PGM TO5 3834 PGM TOG D C OPERATING CHARACTERISTICS Over the recommended operat
17. being used for ROM access then you know that C8000 D3FFF is an invalid range for Card Services and should be changed to CA000 D3FFF How can I find usable I O addresses Finding usable I O addresses is done by trial and error Of the three resources used memory I O interrupts I O conflicts will be low You can use the DAQ configuration utility to diagnose I O space conflicts When you have configured the utility for a particular I O space save the configuration If there is a conflict the configuration utility will report an error describing the conflict How do I find usable interrupt levels Some utilities such as MSD EXE will scan the system and display information about what is using hardware interrupts If you have such a utility you can run it to determine what interrupts Card Services can use Card Services needs an interrupt for itself as well as one interrupt for each PCMCIA socket in the system For example in a system with two PCMCIA sockets at least three interrupts should be allocated for use by Card Services PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual G 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix G PCMCIA Questions and Answers Keep in mind that utilities such as MSD EXE will sometimes report that an interrupt is in use when it really is not For example if a PC has one serial port COM1 and one parallel port LPTI you know that IRQs 4 and 7 are probably in use In general IRQS is used for LPT2 but i
18. limit is for the 5 V range For unipolar 0 10 VDC range the current drive is 1 mA max 3 The FSR for either unipolar or bipolar mode is 10 V 4 The output level is unknown in the first 100 ms after power up National Instruments Corporation A 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Specifications Appendix A Dynamic Characteristics Setting time vue setts ette rather ben ette iieri 100 us 0 to 10 VDC 70 us 5 to 5 VDC Slew Tate ses eam rote saba saab ete beseech ETETE 0 30 V us lorc 45 u Vrms 0 to 22 kHz Stability Recommended warm up time eee 15 minutes Offset temperature Coefficient 60 uV C Gain temperature coefficient 26 ppm C Digital I O Number of chanrels cobre enne ie 16 digital I O available as two 8 bit ports Compatibility eee tee Dette Powers n staten marters POE ERO Geass Digital logic levels Input low voltage 0 3 V Input high voltage 2 2 V Input leak current 0 Vin lt 5 V 1 0 HA Output low voltage Iout 2 5 mA Output high voltage Tout 2 5 mA Transfer rate 1 word 8 bits gt Power Requirements PC AO 2DC x5 VDG SD 14 2 fies decane ee cnp ee iens 350 mA max PIZ VDC ES D anni arken et e epe 30 mA max 12 VDC SD ten E He RU NEAR 30 mA max 5 These limits on the transfer rates are set by the digital I O circuitry on the card Actual transfer rates may be lower than these limits depending on the type of computer
19. resulting from any such signal connections Your AO 2DC device has to be configured in unipolar range of 0 0 to 10 0 V for the current outputs to function correctly When you use an external supply the order of the supply and load does not matter as long as you do not create a second loop through which current flows e External loop supply voltage 7 0 V to 40 0 VDC Power up Condition Range Unipolar e Output current O mA Figure 3 5 shows how to connect a DAC channel as a current output using an external loop supply PC AO 2DC or PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC Vext DAQCard AO 2DC a Floating Load b Floating Supply Figure 3 5 DAC Channel Connection as Current Output External Loop Supply Figure 3 6 shows an example of a circuit with a second loop this circuit does not work National Instruments Corporation 3 7 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Signal Connections Chapter 3 PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC Uncontrolled Loop Control Figure 3 6 Current Loop Connection Load and External Supply Grounded Digital I O Signal Connections The PC AO 2DC uses pins 13 29 and pin 50 for digital I O the DAQCard AO 2DC uses pins 1 18 for digital I O Figure 3 7 illustrates signal connections for three typical digital I O applications Port A PA lt 7 0 gt V Ss
20. three different register groups A bit description of each register is included later in this chapter The Configuration and Calibration Register Group controls the overall operation of the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC The Analog Output Register Group accesses the two 12 bit DACs The Digital I O Register Group consists of the three registers of the onboard 82C55A PPI integrated circuit used for digital I O Register Description Format The remainder of this chapter discusses each of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC registers in the order shown in Table D 1 Each register group section begins with a brief introduction followed by a detailed bit description of each register on the AO 2DC devices Each register description gives the address type word size and bit map of the register followed by a description of each bit The register bit map shows a diagram of the register with the MSB bit 7 for an 8 bit register shown on the left and the LSB bit 0 shown on the right Each bit is represented by a square with the bit name inside An asterisk after the bit name indicates that the bit is inverted negative logic An X represents a don t care state in other words the logic may be digital 0 or 1 and this bit should be ignored National Instruments Corporation D 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming Appendix D Configuration and Calibration Register Group The four registers making up the Configuration
21. your National Instruments catalog or call the office nearest you Custom Cables National Instruments currently offers cable termination accessories the CB 50 LP and CB 50 for use with the PC AO 2DC A terminated 50 conductor flat ribbon cable is necessary to connect the board to the termination accessory For the DAQCard AO 2DC National Instruments supplies the CB 27 kit a 27 pin terminal block A special cable is required to connect the card and accessory You can attach signal input and output wires to screw terminals on the connector blocks and thereby connect to your AO 2DC device I O connector The CB 50 LP CB 50 and CB 27 are useful for initial prototyping of an application or in situations where your AO 2DC device interconnections are frequently changed The CB 50 LP is the low cost version of the CB 50 whereas the CB 50 is DIN rail mountable for field wiring When you develop a final field wiring scheme however you may want to develop your own cable This section contains information and guidelines for designing custom cables PC AO 2DC The PC AO 2DC I O connector is a 50 pin male ribbon cable header The manufacturer part numbers used by National Instruments for this header are as follows e Electronic Products Division 3M part number 3596 5002 e T amp B Ansley Corporation part number 609 500 The mating connector for the PC AO 2DC is a 50 position polarized ribbon socket connector with strain relief National Instr
22. 14 Byte Page Mode Low Power CMOS 150uA Standby Current 2mA Active Write Current 2 7V To 5 5V Power Supply Block Lock Protection Protect 1 4 1 2 or all of E2PROM Array Built in Inadvertent Write Protection Power Up Power Down protection circuitry Write Latch Write Protect Pin Self Timed Write Cycle 5mS Write Cycle Time Typical High Reliability Endurance 100 000 cycles per byte Data Retention 100 Years ESD protection 2000V on all pins 8 Pin Mini DIP Package 8 Pin SOIC Package DESCRIPTION The X25020 is a CMOS 2048 bit serial E2PROM inter nally organized as 256 x 8 The X25020 features a serial interface and software protocol allowing operation on a simple three wire bus The bus signals are a clock input SCK plus separate data in SI and data out SO lines Access to the device is controlled through a chip select CS input allowing any number of devices to share the same bus The X25020 also features two additional inputs that provide the end user with added flexibility By asserting the HOLD input the X25020 will ignore transitions on its inputs thus allowing the host to service higher priority interrupts The WP inputcan be used as a hardwire input tothe X25020 disabling all write attempts thus providing a mechanism for limiting end user capability of altering the memory The X25020 utilizes Xicor s proprietary Direct Write cell providing a minimum endurance of 100 000 cy
23. 3 4 Digital Control Register D 11 digital I O block diagram of digital I O circuitry figure 4 5 configuration 2 4 power down mode 4 6 signal connections 3 8 to 3 9 illustration 3 8 power up condition 3 9 specifications A 2 programming D 12 theory of operation 4 5 supported by AO 2DC devices 2 4 documentation conventions used in manual x xi National Instruments documentation xi organization of manual ix x related documentation xi E EEPROM E 5 to E 6 See also Calibration EEPROM Register factory area map figure E 6 overwriting factory area of EEPROM warning E 2 E 5 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC map figure E 5 X25020 data sheet B 1 to B 11 EEPROMCS bit D 6 environment specifications A 3 equipment optional 1 4 National Instruments Corporation Index F fax technical support H 1 fuse 3 4 3 5 A 3 H hardware configuration 2 2 to 2 4 analog output polarity selection 2 4 base I O address selection 2 3 bus related configuration 2 2 to 2 3 current outputs 2 4 DAQCard AO 2DC 2 3 data acquisition related configuration 2 4 digital I O configuration 2 4 PC AO 2DC 2 2 to 2 3 Plug and Play mode 2 3 switchless mode 2 3 installation 2 1 to 2 2 I installation cabling 1 4 to 1 5 hardware 2 1 to 2 2 unpacking AO 2DC boards 1 5 I O channel interface circuitry 4 2 to 4 3 DAQCard AO 2DC figure 4 3 PC AO 2DC figure 4 2 I O connectors optional equipment 1 4 p
24. 34 DIA NOM 0 255 6 47 0 245 6 22 G 0 060 1 52 0 020 0 51 0 300 7 62 REF HALF SHOULDER WIDTH ON ALL END PINS OPTIONAL wot 0 140 3 56 SEATING E 0 130 3 30 PLANE 0 150 3 81 oo 0 51 0 125 3 18 0 015 0 38 0 062 1 57 0 058 1 47 0 110 2 79 J L em 0 51 0 090 2 28 0 016 041 0 015 0 38 0 325 8 25 MAX 0 300 7 62 TYP 0 010 0 25 15 NOTE ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES IN PARENTHESES IN MILLIMETERS PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 12 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet X25020 D en PACKAGING INFORMATION 8 LEAD PLASTIC SMALL OUTLINE GULL WING PACKAGE TYPE S 0 150 3 80 0 228 5 80 0 158 4 00 0 244 6 20 PIN 1 INDEX iu J 0 014 0 35 0 019 0 49 0 188 4 78 0 197 5 00 0 053 1 35 0 069 1 75 0 004 0 19 0 050 1 27 0 010 0 25 0 010 0 25 0 020 0 50 X JL 0 010 025 0 25 45 0 027 0 e 0 037 0 937 NOTE ALL DIMENSIONS IN INCHES IN PARENTHESIS IN MILLIMETERS National Instruments Corporation B 13 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 ORDERING INFORMATION X25020 P TM L Device Vee Limits Blank 5V 10 3 3 0V to 5 5V 2 7 2 7V to 5 5V Temperature Range Blank Commercial 0 C to 70 C Industrial 40 C to 85 C M Military 55 C to 125 C
25. 4 095 two codes that are close together End Point Fit Actual Output 0 5 LSB INL Boundary Not to scale gt Figure E 2 DAC Characteristics National Instruments Corporation E 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Calibration Appendix E Second the INL of the DAC is specified on an endpoint fit The PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC DACs have an INL of 0 5 LSB Therefore all of the DAC outputs will fall within 0 5 LSB of the line drawn between the two endpoints as shown in Figure E 2 If you calibrate with a point other than the endpoint the point you measure may be up to 0 5 LSB off from the true INL curve When you calibrate voltage using codes 0 and 4 095 you have the following errors to account for when you output a voltage e Calibration constant rounding error When you calculate By and By you may get up to 0 5 LSB of rounding error You can reduce this error to nearly zero by not rounding and keeping B and By as real numbers However when storing the constants to the EEPROM you must round the values to the nearest integer e INL error This adds another 0 5 LSB of error to the output e Code rounding error When you want to output a voltage you must write an integer bit pattern This pattern can introduce up to 0 5 LSB of error Most analog output devices do not include this error because it is an inherent characteristic of a DAC However when hardware calibration is used the zero crossing offset can t
26. 82C55A is a general purpose programmable peripheral interface PPI Two ports port A and port B are used in the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC These ports are programmed as two groups of eight signals for either input or output Bit descriptions for the registers in the Digital I O Register Group are given on the following pages Note Interrupts are not supported on PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC Port A Register Reading the Port A Register returns the logic state of the eight digital I O lines constituting port A that is PA lt 0 7 gt If port A is configured for output the Port A Register can be written to in order to control the eight digital I O lines constituting port A See Programming the Digital I O Circuitry later in this appendix for information on how to configure port A for input or output Address Base address 10 hex Type Read and write Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 DI DO Bit Name Description 7 0 D lt 7 0 gt Data bits 7 through 0 These bits are 8 bit port A data PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 10 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming Port B Register Reading the Port B Register returns the logic state of the eight digital I O lines constituting port B that is PB lt 0 7 gt If port B is configured for output the Port B Register can be written to in order to control the eight digital I O lines co
27. AQPad are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation Product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies WARNING REGARDING MEDICAL AND CLINICAL USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS National Instruments products are not designed with components and testing intended to ensure a level of reliability suitable for use in treatment and diagnosis of humans Applications of National Instruments products involving medical or clinical treatment can create a potential for accidental injury caused by product failure or by errors on the part of the user or application designer Any use or application of National Instruments products for or involving medical or clinical treatment must be performed by properly trained and qualified medical personnel and all traditional medical safeguards equipment and procedures that are appropriate in the particular situation to prevent serious injury or death should always continue to be used when National Instruments products are being used National Instruments products are NOT intended to be a substitute for any form of established process procedure or equipment used to monitor or safeguard human health and safety in medical or clinical treatment Contents About This NEA ce n ds ae aaa ix Organization of This Manual 455 5 2 tet re Ie ter ea S tese PS evo Eine e ERO oe UAE ix Conventions Used in This Manual ageieierug aler Eed REENEN eenegen D National Instrumen
28. C AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Signal Connections Chapter 3 DACxOUT Floating Load Figure 3 4 DAC Channel Connection as Voltage Output Voltage Output A floating load may be connected to your AO 2DC device at the voltage output channel Warning Because the AO 2DC device is not optically or magnetically isolated from high voltages a load with high common mode voltages may damage the AO 2DC device National Instruments is NOT liable for any damages resulting from any such signal connections Your AO 2DC device may be configured in unipolar range of 0 0 to 10 0 V or in bipolar range of 5 0 to 5 0 V The polarity is software programmable Maximum load current 1 0 mA for 12 bit linearity Power up Condition e Range Unipolar e Output voltage 500 mV maximum within 100 ms of power up Current Output A floating load may be connected to your AO 2DC device at the current output channel An external floating power supply is needed to complete the controlled current loop You may control the current loop from 0 to 20 mA The compliance for the current loop is 7 0 V to 40 VDC PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 3 6 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Signal Connections Warning Because the AO 2DC device is not optically or magnetically isolated from high voltages a load with high common mode voltages may damage the AO 2DC device National Instruments is NOT liable for any damages
29. C into an 8 bit or a 16 bit slot Screw the mounting bracket of the PC AO 2DC to the back panel rail of the computer Check the installation Replace the cover The PC AO 2DC board is installed You are ready to install your software and configure your board for the programming system you are using National Instruments Corporation 2 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 DAQCard AO 2DC You can install the DAQCard AO 2DC in any available Type If PCMCIA slot in your computer The PCMCIA software configures the card for your computer and automatically determines the base address The following are general installation instructions but consult your computer user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings 1 Turn off your computer If your computer supports hot insertion you may insert or remove the DAQCard AO 2DC at any time whether the computer is powered on or off 2 Remove the PCMCIA slot cover on your computer 3 Insert the 68 pin PCMCIA bus connector of the DAQCard AO 2DC into the PCMCIA slot The card is keyed so that you can insert it only one way 4 Attach the I O cable The optional PR27 30F cable available for the DAQCard AO 2DC plugs into the 25 pin I O connector on the other end of the card This cable allows connection to other National Instruments products When plugging and unplugging the cable always grasp the cable by the connector
30. EE Up Wu LE 3 6 Current LA DNU A eenen ate ee Eene 3 6 Power up Condition nente beitel 3 7 Digital DO Signal Connections ento EO D URN ans onderte tn 3 8 P wer up E E 3 9 National Instruments Corporation v PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Contents Chapter 4 Theory of Operation Ennetional EE eege eege ee 4 VO Channel Interface Circuitry satin cegdeasaseetaeconscneas beasansedescaavastes 4 2 Analoe OUEDUL nensaha s dette deense teeta ee 4 3 Digital MO E 4 5 Power down MOE 45 us oeste puede aea edelen eenheden E 4 6 Appendix A Specifications reso rene are ir eee A 1 Appendix B X25020 Data SREEL Serre eee de eee B 1 Appendix C Connector Block Pin Map C 1 Appendix D Register Level Programming sess D 1 Appendix E EH Tea ENO Wo oo oet E RERUM tbi a ares rs E 1 Appendix F Power Management Modes F 1 Appendix G PCMCIA Questions and Answers G 1 Appendix H Customer Communication H 1 GIOSSAEN annette Aue A ties ese is Glossary 1 liio EE Index 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual vi National Instruments Corporation Figure 1 1 Figure 3 1 Figure 3 2 Figure 3 3 Figure 3 4 Figure 3 5 Figure 3 6 Figure 3 7 Figure 4 1 Figure 4 2 Figure 4 3 Figure 4 4 Figure 4 5 Figure C 1 Figure D 1 Figure E 1 Figure E 2 Figure E 3 Figure E 4 Table D 1 Table D 2 Table F 1 Contents
31. FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA PROFITS USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control The warranty provided herein does not cover damages defects malfunctions or service failures caused by owner s failure to follow the National Instruments installation operation or maintenance instructions owner s modification of the product owner s abuse misuse or negligent acts and power failure or surges fire flood accident actions of third parties or other events outside reasonable control Copyright Under the copyright laws this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation Trademarks LabVIEW NI DAQ RTSI DAQCard and D
32. H27 50F D1 cable with the DAQCard AO 2DC is not recommended because the PSH27 50F D1 design is optimized for the DAQCard DIO 24 National Instruments Corporation C 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Connector Block Pin Map Appendix C IOUTO AGND IOUT1 AGND DACOOUT AGND DAC1OUT AGND PB7 PB6 PBS PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PBO PA7 PA6 PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PAO 45V Figure C 1 CB 50 LP and CB 50 Pin Assignments for the DAQCard AO 2DC Using the PSH27 50F D1 Cable PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual C 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming This document describes in detail the address and function of each of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC registers Note Jf you plan to use a programming software package such as NI DAQ or LabWindows CVI with your PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC you need not read this chapter Base I O Address Selection PC AO 2DC You can configure your PC AO 2DC board to use base addresses in the range of 100 to 3E0 hex Your PC AO 2DC board occupies 32 bytes of address space and must be located on a 32 byte boundary Therefore valid addresses include 100 120 140 3C0 3E0 hex This selection is software configured and does not require you to manually change any settings on the board The PC AO 2DC board is fully compatible with the industry standard Intel M
33. Instruments plug in DAQ devices 82C55A 82C55A refers to the OKI Semiconductor 82C55A programmable peripheral interface PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D National Instruments Corporation lt gt About This Manual The symbol indicates that the following text applies only to a specific device Angle brackets containing numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit port or signal name for example ACH lt 0 7 gt stands for ACHO through ACH7 Abbreviations acronyms metric prefixes mnemonics symbols and terms are listed in the Glossary National Instruments Documentation The PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual is one piece of the documentation set for your data acquisition system You could have any of several types of manuals depending on the hardware and software in your system Use the manuals you have as follows Your DAQ hardware user manuals These manuals have detailed information about the DAQ hardware that plugs into or is connected to your computer Use these manuals for hardware installation and configuration instructions specification information about your DAQ hardware and application hints Software manuals Examples of software manuals you may have are the LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI manual sets After you set up your hardware system use either the application software LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI manuals or the NI DAQ manuals that came with other DAQ devi
34. PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Analog Output and Digital I O Boards for the PC and Macintosh April 1996 Edition Part Number 320919B 01 Copyright 1995 1996 National Instruments Corporation All Rights Reserved National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 6504 Bridge Point Parkway Austin TX 78730 5039 512 794 0100 Technical support fax 512 794 5678 Branch Offices Australia 03 9 879 9422 Austria 0662 45 79 90 0 Belgium 02 757 00 20 Canada Ontario 519 622 9310 Canada Qu bec 514 694 8521 Denmark 45 76 26 00 Finland 90 527 2321 France 1 48 14 24 24 Germany 089 741 31 30 Hong Kong 2645 3186 Italy 02 413091 Japan 03 5472 2970 Korea 02 596 7456 Mexico 95 800 010 0793 Netherlands 0348 433466 Norway 32 84 84 00 Singapore 2265886 Spain 91 640 0085 Sweden 08 730 49 70 Switzerland 056 200 51 51 Taiwan 02 377 1200 U K 01635 523545 Limited Warranty The PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period This warranty includes parts and labor The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days fro
35. PC AO 2DC DAQcCard AO 2DC User Manual Technical Support Form Photocopy this form and update it each time you make changes to your software or hardware and use the completed copy of this form as a reference for your current configuration Completing this form accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently If you are using any National Instruments hardware or software products related to this problem include the configuration forms from their user manuals Include additional pages if necessary Name Company Address Fax Phone Computer brand Model Processor Operating system Speed MHz RAM MB Display adapter Mouse yes no Other adapters installed Hard disk capacity MB Brand Instruments used National Instruments hardware product model Revision Configuration National Instruments software product Version Configuration The problem is List any error messages The following steps will reproduce the problem PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC Hardware and Software Configuration Form Record the settings and revisions of your hardware and software on the line to the right of each item Complete a new copy of this form each time you revise your software or hardware configuration and use this form as a reference for your current configura
36. an calibrate your AO 2DC with new calibration constants and still use NI DAQ for your application needs Use the following procedure to do this 1 You must unprotect the upper quadrant of your Calibration EEPROM You can do this by writing to the Write Status Register WRSR Refer to the X25020 data sheet in Appendix B for additional information 2 Perform calibration and store the constants in the factory area Warning You will lose all the factory calibration constants if you store the constants in the factory area National Instruments is not responsible for reprogramming your EEPROM if you disturb the factor calibration area of the EEPROM Figure E 4 shows the memory map for the factory area Load Area Reserved Factory Area Do NOT Overwrite HO B Current LSB 0 to 20 mA range high offset B LSB HO B Current MSB O to 20 mA range high offset B MSB Channel 1 HO B Current LSB 0 to 20 mA range low offset B LSB HO B Current MSB 0 to 20 mA range low offset B MSB HO B BP LSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range high offset B LSB two s complement HO B BP MSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range high offset B MSB two s complement HO B BP LSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range low offset B LSB two s complement HO B MSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range low offset B MSB two s complement Channel 0 0 10 V range high offset B
37. analog polarity selection should be unipolar The AO 2DC devices provide two channels of current sinks for current loop applications You can program the current outputs for 0 to 20 mA current loops You have to provide the voltage source for completing the current loop Note As a power on condition both channels provide no current sink at power up Digital I O Configuration The AO 2DC devices contain 16 lines of digital I O for general use These lines are available as two 8 bit I O ports You may configure these ports as either an input port or an output port Note As a power on condition all the digital lines are configured as digital inputs at power up These lines have internal weak pull ups PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 2 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Signal Connections This chapter describes the pin arrangement signal names and signal connections on the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Warning Connections that exceed any of the maximum ratings of input or output signals on the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC may damage your AO 2DC device and your computer This warning includes connecting any power signals to ground and vice versa National Instruments is NOT liable for any damages resulting from any such signal connections I O Connectors Figure 3 1 shows the pin assignments for the PC AO 2DC I O connector You can use the CB 50 LP or CB 50 I O connector block and the NB1 cable with the PC AO 2DC
38. and Calibration Register Group allow general control of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC D A circuitry Command Register 1 and Command Register 2 contain bits that control the operation modes of the D A circuitry Command Register 3 is for writing to the EEPROM The EEPROM Register gives access to the EEPROM When you start up your PC all bits of the Command Registers are cleared except Command Register 2 where bits 2 and 3 are set during power up Bit descriptions for the registers in the Configuration and Calibration Register Group are given on the following pages Command Register 1 Command Register 1 contains two bits that control PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC analog output modes Address Base address 01 hex Type Write only Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 2SDACI 2SDACO 0 0 0 0 Bit Name Description 7 6 0 Write zeroes to these bits 3 0 5 2SDACI Two s complement DAC1 This bit selects the binary coding scheme used for the DAC data If this bit is set a two s complement binary coding scheme is used for interpreting the 12 bit data Two s complement is useful if a bipolar output range is selected If this bit is cleared a straight binary coding scheme is used Straight binary is useful if a unipolar output range is selected 4 2SDACO Two s complement DACO This bit selects the binary coding scheme used for the DACO data If this bit is set a two s complement binary codi
39. and signal connections on the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Chapter 4 Theory of Operation describes the theory of operation for analog output and digital I O using the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC e Appendix A Specifications lists the specifications of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC e Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet contains a manufacturer data sheet for the X25020 SPI serial EEPROM Xicor This EEPROM is used on both the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC e Appendix C Connector Block Pin Map gives the pin assignments for the CB 50 LP or CB 50 I O connector blocks when using the PSH27 50F D1 cable with the DAQCard AO 2DC e Appendix D Register Level Programming describes in detail the address and function of each of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC registers e Appendix E Calibration discusses the calibration procedures for the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC You can perform calibration only at the register level Appendix F Power Management Modes describes the power management modes of the DAQCard AO 2DC National Instruments Corporation ix PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual About This Manual e Appendix G PCMCIA Questions and Answers contains a list of common questions and answers relating to PCMCIA card operation e Appendix H Customer Communication contains forms you can use to request help from National Instruments or to comment on our products The Glossary contains an alphabetical list and descripti
40. as a form you can use to comment on the product documentation Filling out a copy of the Technical Support Form before contacting National Instruments helps us help you better and faster National Instruments provides comprehensive technical assistance around the world In the U S and Canada applications engineers are available Monday through Friday from 8 00 a m to 6 00 p m central time In other countries contact the nearest branch office You may fax questions to us at any time Corporate Headquarters 512 795 8248 Technical support fax 512 794 5678 Branch Offices Australia Austria Belgium Canada Ontario Canada Quebec Denmark Finland France Germany Hong Kong Italy Japan Korea Mexico Netherlands Norway Singapore Spain Sweden Switzerland Taiwan U K Phone Number 03 9 879 9422 0662 45 79 90 0 02 757 00 20 519 622 9310 514 694 8521 45 76 26 00 90 527 2321 1 48 14 24 24 089 741 31 30 2645 3186 02 413091 03 5472 2970 02 596 7456 95 800 010 0793 0348 433466 32 84 84 00 2265886 91 640 0085 08 730 49 70 056 200 51 51 02 377 1200 01635 523545 National Instruments Corporation H 1 Fax Number 03 9 879 9179 0662 45 79 90 19 02 757 03 11 514 694 4399 45 76 26 02 90 502 2930 1 48 14 24 14 089 714 60 35 2686 8505 02 41309215 03 5472 2977 02 596 7455 5 520 3282 0348 430673 32 84 86 00 2265887 91 640 0533 08 730 43 70 056 200 51 55 02 737 4644 01635 523154
41. ation Driver Software DAQ or Personal Computer or SCXI Hardware Workstation Figure 1 1 The Relationship between the Programming Environment NI DAQ and Your Hardware National Instruments Corporation 1 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Introduction Chapter 1 Register Level Programming The final option for programming any National Instruments DAQ hardware is to write register level software Writing register level programming software can be very time consuming and inefficient and is not recommended for most users Even if you are an experienced register level programmer consider using NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI to program your National Instruments DAQ hardware Using the NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI software is as easy and as flexible as register level programming and can save weeks of development time Optional Equipment You can use the following National Instruments product with your PC AO 2DC board e CB 50 LP or CB 50 I O connector block with 0 5 m or 1 0 m NB 1 connector cable You can use the following National Instruments product with your DAQCard AO 2DC device e CB 27 I O connector block with PR27 30F 1 0 m connector cable Note The CB 50 connector block with PSH27 50F D1 I O cable is not recommended for use with the DAQCard AO 2DC The PSH27 50F D1 is optimized for use with the DAQCard DIO 24 For more information about optional equipment available from National Instruments refer to
42. ations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life system designers using this product should design the system with appropriate error detection and correction redundancy and back up features to prevent such an occurence Xicor s products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems 1 Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which a are intended for surgical implant into the body or b support or sustain life and whose failure to perform when property used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user 2 A critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system or to affect its safety or effectiveness 13 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 14 National Instruments Corporation Appendix C Connector Block Pin Map This appendix gives the pin assignments for the CB 50 LP or CB 50 I O connector blocks when using the PSH27 50F D1 with the DAQCard AO 2DC If you are using the CB 50 LP or CB 50 I O connector block and the PSH27 S50F D1 cable with the DAQCard AO 2DC the signals will not map at the same pin numbers as the pin numbers shown for the CB 50 I O connector block for the PC AO 2DC For these pin numbers refer to Figure C 1 Note Using the PS
43. ces to help you write your application If you have a large and complicated system it is worthwhile to look through the software manuals before you configure your hardware Accessory installation guides or manuals If you are using accessory products read the terminal block and cable assembly installation guides or accessory board user manuals They explain how to physically connect the relevant pieces of the system Consult these guides when you are making your connections Related Documentation The following documents contain information that you may find helpful as you read this manual Your online NI DAQ software manuals hardcopy available upon request Your computer operating system manual National Instruments Corporation xi PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual About This Manual Customer Communication National Instruments wants to receive your comments on our products and manuals We are interested in the applications you develop with our products and we want to help if you have problems with them To make it easy for you to contact us this manual contains comment and configuration forms for you to complete These forms are in Appendix H Customer Communication at the end of this manual PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual xii National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC lists what you need to get started describes the optional software and op
44. cles per byte and a minimum data retention of 100 years FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM we REGISTER PROTECT b X DECODE 256 BYTE LOGIC Si LOGIC ARRAY so si COMMAND DECODE 3 Direct Write and Block Lock Protection is a trademark of Xicor Inc Xicor 1994 Patents Pending 3834 1 1 1 5 95 TO C11 00 TD PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 2 DATA REGISTER 3834 FHD F01 Characteristics subject to change without notice National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 X25020 Data Sheet PIN DESCRIPTIONS Serial Output SO SO is a push pull serial data output pin During a read cycle data is shifted out on this pin Data is clocked out by the falling edge of the serial clock Serial Input SI SI is the serial data input pin All opcodes byte ad dresses and data to be written to the memory are input onthis pin Data is latched by the rising edge ofthe serial clock Serial Clock SCK The Serial Clock controls the serial bus timing for data input and output Opcodes addresses or data present onthe SI pin are latched on the rising edge of the clock input while data on the SO pin change after the falling edge of the clock input Chip Select CS When CS is high the X25020 is deselected and the SO output pin is at high impedance and unless an internal write operation is underway the X25020 will be in the standby power mode CS low enables the X25020 placing i
45. ctions are shown MSB in leftmost position Instructions are transferred MSB first PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 4 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 X25020 Data Sheet DEVICE OPERATION Clock and Data Timing Data input on the SI line is sampled and latched on the rising edge of SCK Data is output on the SO line by the falling edge of SCK Read Sequence The CS line is first pulled low to select the device The 8 bit read opcode is transmitted to the X25020 followed by the 8 bit byte address After the read opcode and byte address are sent the data stored in the memory at the selected address is shifted out on the SO line The data stored in memory at the next address can be read sequentially by continuing to provide clock pulses The byte address is automatically incremented to the next higher address after each byte of data is shifted out When the highest address is reached FF the address counter rolis over to address 00 allowing the read cycle to be continued indefinitely The read opera tion is terminated by taking CS high Refer to the read operation sequence illustrated in Figure 1 Write Sequence Prior to any attempt to write data into the X25020 the write enable latch must first be set by issuing the WREN instruction See Fig 2 CS is first taken low then the instruction is clocked into the X25020 After all eight bits of the instruction are transmitted CS must then be ta
46. dpoint This additional error is 0 5 LSB 4 095 Bj 4 095 C C Bj PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual E 4 National Instruments Corporation Appendix E Calibration For C 255 and a typical B of 37 the additional error is approximately 0 53 LSB Your total error after calibration will be 2 03 LSB 4 095 LSB 1 020 0 05 of full scale The extra factor of 1 020 is in the formula because the actual range of the circuit is 2 larger than the nominal range This accounts for the few LSB that you lose at the top and bottom of the range For a particular calibration it is more accurate to use the number 4 095 By Br instead of 1 020 You must also add any errors from your calibration equipment Note In current output mode the DAC should be configured for unipolar output Measurement Technique When you measure voltage or current from the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC you should use a voltmeter or current meter that integrates its readings to reduce errors due to noise If you use a DAQ device that does not use an integrating ADC you should average a few hundred readings Remember that any errors from your calibration measurements must be added to the error described in the calibration sections EEPROM Map Figure E 3 shows the EEPROM map on the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC The load area contains a copy of the factory calibration constants You can recalibrate the AO 2DC devices and store the calibration constants
47. dress Base address 1C hex Type Write only Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 EEPROMCS SDATA SCLK 0 0 WRTPRT 0 0 Bit Name Description 7 EEPROMCS EEPROM Chip Select This bit enables and disables the EEPROM You can enable the EEPROM for both read and write operations by setting this bit You can disable the EEPROM by clearing this bit 6 SDATA Serial Data This bit is a serial input for the calibration EEPROM 5 SCLK Serial Clock This bit is a serial clock for the calibration EEPROM A low to high transition of this bit clocks data into the EEPROM during a write operation A high to low transition of the bit clocks data out of the EEPROM during a read operation 4 3 0 Write zeroes to these bits 1 0 2 WRTPRT Write Protect This bit controls the write protect input signal for the EEPROM When you set this bit normal write operations are enabled When you clear this bit write operations are disabled Note To program the X25020 EEPROM refer to the data sheets in Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 6 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming Calibration EEPROM Register The Calibration EEPROM Register gives access to the output of the EEPROM Address Base address 1D hex Type Read only Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 X X X X X X X PROMOUT Bit Name Description 7 1 X D
48. el Connector Current Outputs t 1 A Resettable Fuse PC 500 mA Non resettable Fuse PCMCIA Figure 4 1 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Block Diagram PC I O Channel for PC AO 2DC PCMCIA I O Channel for DAQCard AO 2DC National Instruments Corporation 4 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Theory of Operation Chapter 4 Your AO 2DC device consists of the following major components e O channel interface circuitry e Analog output circuitry e Digital I O circuitry You can execute data acquisition functions by using the analog output circuitry and the digital I O circuitry which are described in detail in the Analog Output and Digital I O sections later in this chapter The internal data and control buses interconnect the components I O Channel Interface Circuitry The I O channel interface circuitry consists of address decoders data buffers and I O channel interface timing control circuitry The circuitry monitors the address lines and timing signals to generate the device select register select control and read write signals The data buffers provide larger drive and control the direction of data transfer on the bidirectional data lines based on whether the transfer is a read or write PC AO 2DC The PC I O channel of the PC AO 2DC consists of an address bus a data bus and several control and support signals The components making up the PC I O cha
49. endix F Table F 1 shows the effects of different power management modes on the DAQCard AO 2DC circuits Table F 1 DAQCard AO 2DC Power Management Modes a Normal Mode Power Down Mode Functional Defaults to Nonfunctional Draws unipolar 0 to 10 V negligible power Output of Output of each DAC each DAC is ideally 0 V remains close to 0 V until but may get some negligible the first update is performed value Short circuit on that DAC Short circuit protected to 80 mA protected to 80 mA Assume impedance DC impedance 0 5 Q 0 5 Q Calibration Functional Software Nonfunctional Circuitry calibration Digital O Functional Defaults to Nonfunctional mode 0 input for all ports Protected from 0 5 to 5 5 V PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual F 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix G PCMCIA Questions and Answers This appendix contains a list of common questions and answers relating to PCMCIA card operation The questions are grouped according to the type of information requested You may find this information useful if you are having difficulty with the PCMCIA system software configuration Configuration 1 Do I need to use my PCMCIA configuration utility to configure the National Instruments PCMCIA cards No Use the configuration utilities included with the NI DAQ driver software to properly configure your card If you are using Windows 95 it will automatically configure your card What
50. eration e If you are using a Mac refer to your NI DAQ for Macintosh documentation for PCMCIA card configuration information Consult the document PCMCIA Card and Socket Services Specifications which explains how to configure a card using system level calls and the PC Card Development Kit available from Apple through APDA which explains how to interface with the Apple PC Card Manager software that is part of your PC Card expansion interface Request a configuration and an I O window In the configuration set the configuration index to 01 hex for normal operation Register Map Table D 1 gives the register map for the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Table D 1 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Register Map Register Name Offset Address Type Configuration and Calibration Register Group Command Register 1 Write only Command Register 2 Write only Calibration Command Register 3 Write only Calibration EEPROM Register Read only Analog Output Register Group DACO Low Byte Register Write only DACO High Byte Register Write only DACI Low Byte Register Write only DACI High Byte Register Write only 82C55A Digital I O Register Group Port A Register Read and write Port B Register Read and write Digital Control Register Write only PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 2 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming Register Description Table D 1 divides the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC registers into
51. f the computer does not have two parallel ports IRQ5 should be usable IRQ3 is used for COM2 but if the computer has only has one serial port IRQ3 should be usable 5 Irun a memory utility and it appears there is no memory available for Card Services What should I do You should remove your memory manager by commenting it out of the CONFIG SYS file Next you can rerun the memory utility Memory managers often consume an enormous amount of memory and you will need to determine what memory is really usable by Card Services When you have determined what memory is available for Card Services reinstall your memory manager and make the necessary changes to provide Card Services with the memory needed We suggest that you use the minimum amount of memory for Card Services namely 4 to 12 KB which frees more memory for the memory manager Resource Conflicts 1 How do I resolve conflicts between my memory manager and Card Services Card Services can usually use memory space that is not being used for real RAM on the system Even when this is the case you should still exclude the memory addresses used by Card Services from use by any memory manager that may be installed National Instruments Corporation G 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Appendix H Customer Communication For your convenience this appendix contains forms to help you gather the information necessary to help us solve technical problems you might have as well
52. for your prototyping needs Figure 3 2 shows the pin assignments for the DAQCard AO 2DC I O connector This connector is located on the edge of the DAQCard AO 2DC and is accessible at the slot opening of your computer after the card has been properly installed Figure 3 3 shows the screw terminal assignments for the CB 27 accessory when connected to the DAQCard AO 2DC using the PR27 30F ribbon cable National Instruments Corporation 3 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Signal Connections NC NC NC NC DACOOUT DAC1OUT PAO PA2 PA4 PAG PBO PB2 PB4 PB6 NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC NC Chapter 3 Figure 3 1 PC AO 2DC I O Connector Pin Assignments PC AO 2DC DA QCard AO 2DC User Manual 3 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 Signal Connections SHIELD IOUTO AGND IOUT1 AGND DACOOUT AGND DAC1OUT AGND PB7 PB6 PB5 PB4 PB3 PB2 PB1 PBO PA7 PAG PA5 PA4 PA3 PA2 PA1 PAO 5 V Figure 3 2 DAQCard AO 2DC I O Connector Pin Assignments National Instruments Corporation 3 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Signal Connections Chapter 3 PB3 PB4 PB5 PB6 PB7 AGND DAC1OUT AGND DACOOUT AGND IOUT1 AGND IOUTO SHIELD Figure 3 3 Screw Terminal Assignments for the CB 27 I O Connector Block Signa
53. g the device from the package Remove the device from the package and inspect the device for loose components or any other sign of damage Notify National Instruments if the device appears damaged in any way Do not install a damaged device into your computer Never touch the exposed pins of connectors Store your AO 2DC device in the antistatic envelope when not in use National Instruments Corporation 1 5 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration This chapter contains instructions for installing the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC installing the NI DAQ software and cabling Hardware Installation PC AO 2DC You can install the PC AO 2DC in any available 8 bit or 16 bit expansion slot in your computer The following are general installation instructions but consult your PC user manual or technical reference manual for specific instructions and warnings Warning To prevent electrical SHOCK HAZARD make sure that the power switch is off 7 8 and the power cord has been removed from the power entry module Turn off your computer Remove the top cover or access port to the I O channel Remove the expansion slot cover on the back panel of the computer Record the PC AO 2DC serial and revision numbers on the Hardware and Software Configuration form in Appendix H Customer Communication You will need these numbers when you install and configure your device Insert the PC AO 2D
54. gh Byte DAC1H Registers Writing to DACOL and then to DACOH loads the analog output channel 0 Writing to DACIL and then to DACIH loads the analog output channel 1 The voltage generated by both of the analog output channels is updated immediately after either DACxH register is written to Address Base address 04 hex Load DACO low byte Base address 05 hex Load DACO high byte Base address 06 hex Load DACI low byte Base address 07 hex Load DACI high byte Type Write only all Word Size 8 bit all Bit Map DACxH 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9 D8 Sign Extension Bits _ DACxL 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 DI DO Bit Name Description DACxH 7 4 D lt 15 12 gt 3 0 D lt 11 8 gt DACxL 7 0 D lt 7 0 gt National Instruments Corporation D 9 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Data bits 15 through 12 These bits are set to zero in straight binary mode and to sign extension in two s complement mode Data bits 11 through 8 These four bits are loaded into the specified DAC high byte Data bits 7 through 0 These eight bits are loaded into the specified DAC low byte The low byte should be loaded first followed by corresponding high byte loading Register Level Programming Appendix D 82C55A Digital I O Register Group Digital I O on the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC uses an 82C55A integrated circuit The
55. he synchronous serial peripheral interface register The status register may be read at any time SPI of the popular 6805 and 68HC11 microcontroller even during a write cycle The status register is format families ted as follows The X25020 contains an 8 bit instruction register It is z e s 4l 3a 2 as o accessed via the SI input with data being clocked in on the rising SCK CS must be low and the HOLD and WP 3834 PGM T02 inputs must be high during the entire operation The Write In Process WIP bit indicates whether the X25020 is busy with a write operation When set to a 1 a write is in progress when set to a 0 no write is in progress During a write all other bits are set to 1 This bit is read only The Write Enable Latch WEL bit indicates the status of the write enable latch When setto a 1 the latch is set when set to a 0 the latch is reset This bit is read only Table 1 contains a list of the instructions and their operation codes All instructions addresses and data are transferred MSB first Data input is sampled on the first rising edge of SCK after CS goes low SCK is static allowing the user to stop the clock and then resume operations If the clock line is shared with other peripheral devices on the SPI bus the user can assert the HOLD input to place the X25020 into The Block Lock BLO and BL1 bits indicate the extent a PAUSE condition After releasing HOLD the X25020 of pr
56. icrosoft Plug and Play Specification version 1 0a A Plug and Play system arbitrates and assigns resources through software freeing you from manually setting switches and jumpers There are different ways of assigning the base address to your board e Windows 95 automatically assigns the base address e You can use a standard configuration utility like Intel ISA Configuration Utility ICU ICU dynamically assigns the base address to your board when you boot up the computer You can also lock the board resources when you use ICU For additional information on ICU contact Intel Corporation for a copy of Plug and Play Specification version 1 0a e You can use DAQCONF or WDAQCONF to assign the board resources If a standard configuration utility is present in the system you will not be able to modify the board resources National Instruments Corporation D 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming Appendix D DAQCard AO 2DC e If you are using a PC you can use Windows 95 DAQCONF or WDAQCONF to assign the device resources If a standard configuration utility is present in the system you will not be able to modify the device resources Consult the document PCMCIA Card and Socket Services Specifications which explains how to configure a card using system level calls Request an I O window an interrupt level and a configuration In the configuration set the configuration index to 01 hex for normal op
57. ility makes remote data acquisition practical The DAQCard AO 2DC requires very little power when operating thus extending the life of the computer batteries Detailed specifications of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC are in Appendix A Specifications What You Need to Get Started To set up and use your AO 2DC device you will need the following LJ One of the following devices PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC J PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual National Instruments Corporation 1 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Introduction Chapter 1 LJ One of the following software packages and documentation LabVIEW for Macintosh DAQCard AO 2DC only LabVIEW for Windows LabWindows CVI for Windows NI DAQ software for Macintosh DAQCard AO 2DC only NI DAQ software for PC compatibles LJ One of the following connector blocks must be purchased separately CB 50 LP low cost or CB 50 DIN rail mountable I O connector blocks with NBI cable PC AO 2DC CB 27 I O connector block with PR27 30F cable DAQCard AO 2DC LJ Your computer Software Programming Choices There are several options to choose from when programming your National Instruments DAQ and SCXI hardware You can use LabVIEW LabWindows CVI or NI DAQ LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI Application Software LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI are innovative program development software packages for data acquisition and control applications LabVIEW uses graphical programming whereas
58. in assignments figure CB 50 LP and CB 50 pin assignments using the PSH27 50F D1 cable C 2 DAQCard AO 2DC 3 3 PC AO 2DC 3 2 screw terminal assignments for CB 27 3 4 IOUTO signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 IOUT signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 Index 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Index L LabVIEW software features 1 2 LabWindows CVI software 1 2 M manual See documentation N NI DAQ software overview 1 2 to 1 3 relationship with programming environment and hardware figure 1 3 O operation of AO 2DC devices See theory of operation optional equipment 1 4 P PA lt 0 7 gt signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 PB lt 0 7 gt signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 PC AO 2DC board See AO 2DC devices PCMCIA questions and answers G 1 physical specifications A 3 pin assignments See I O connectors Plug and Play mode configuring 2 3 polarity selection analog output 2 4 Port A Register control word format figure D 12 description D 10 digital I O configurations table D 12 Port B Register control word format figure D 12 description D 11 digital I O configurations table D 12 PC AO 2DC DA QCard AO 2DC User Manual power down mode digital I O 4 6 F 1 power management modes F 1 power requirement specifications A 2 to A 3 power up condition current output 3 7 F 1 digital I O 3 9 F 2 voltage o
59. in the user area You can also use the user area for scratch work You can do this only if you use register level programming Note Do not overwrite the reserved factory area NI DAQ uses the factory area to read the constants for the device calibration The factory area is software protected 1284 Reserved 167 Ho B Current LSB 0 to 20 mA range high offset B LSB 168 HO B Current MSB O to 20 mA range high offset B MSB HO B Current LSB 0 to 20 mA range low offset B LSB HO B Current MSB 0 to 20 mA range low offset B MSB HO B BP LSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range high offset B LSB two s complement HO B BP MSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range high offset B MSB two s complement HO B BP LSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range low offset B LSB two s complement BP MSB two s complement 5 V to 5 V range low offset B MSB two s complement 0 10 V range high offset B LSB 0 10 V range high offset B MSB 0 10 V range low offset B LSB 0 10 V range low offset B MSB Channel 1 Load Area P P Reserved Channel 0 Factory Area Do NOT Overwrite H H L L H H L L H H L L U U UP UP Figure E 3 EEPROM Map of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC National Instruments Corporation E 5 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Calibration Appendix E You c
60. ing 1 4 specifications analog output current output A 1 dynamic characteristics A 2 output characteristics A 1 stability A 2 transfer characteristics A 1 voltage output A 1 bus interface A 2 digital I O A 2 environment A 3 physical A 3 power requirements A 2 to A 3 switchless mode configuration 2 3 T technical support H 1 theory of operation analog output 4 3 to 4 4 block diagram of AO 2DC devices 4 1 digital I O 4 5 functional overview 4 1 to 4 3 I O channel interface circuitry 4 2 to 4 3 National Instruments Corporation Index DAQCard AO 2DC figure 4 3 PC AO 2DC figure 4 2 U unpacking AO 2DC devices 1 5 V voltage output calibration E 3 to E 4 DAC channel connection as voltage output figure 3 6 description 3 6 power up condition 3 6 programming D 8 specifications A 1 W WRTPRT bit D 6 X X25020 data sheet B 1 to B 11 PC AO 2DC DAQcCard AO 2DC User Manual
61. ing conditions unless otherwise specified e Parameter Test Conditions SO OPEN Standby eae ee ee Cio Output Leakage Curent 10 mA Vour GNDio Voc 7 vt Voc OwpulowVolag oa V oem Von Output High Votage Voc 08 V lon 1 0mA POWER UP TIMING Parameter O J n o o PoweruptoRead Operation 1 tpuwl Power up to Write Operation REED Us WEN CAPACITANCE TA 25 C f 1 0MHz Vcc 5V RRC 3834 PGM T07 3834 PGM TOB Output Capacitance 50 s F vou input Capacitance SCK Si CS WE HOLD 6 pr Vne 3834 PGM TO9 Notes 1 Vi Min and Vu Max are for reference only and are not tested 2 This parameter is periodically sampled and not 100 tested PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 8 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet X25020 EQUIVALENT A C LOAD CIRCUIT AT 5V Vcc A C TEST CONDITIONS Input Pulse Levels Vcc x0 1 to Voc x0 9 Input Rise and Fall Times Input and Output Timing Level Vccx0 5 3834 PGM T10 00 pF A C CHARACTERISTICS Over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified Data Input Timing MRE Clock Frequency cycle Time wo me LEAD CS Lead Time prism qn e CS Lag Time En ee ne tv Clock High Time o T a i Glock Low Time 49 me Daja Senp Tre RE NI ty DatatoldTme 10 ns ta Sala Pie Time ao te DatainFaitime eee
62. it is not in use Yes If you are using NI DAQ for PC compatibles version 4 8 0 or later a DOS utility called DAQPOWER EXE will switch all National Instruments PCMCIA cards between normal mode and power down mode Power up and power down icons are also installed for Windows users to access either of these two power management modes Resources 1 How do I determine if I have a memory conflict If no PCMCIA cards are working at all it is probably because a memory window is not usable Card Services uses a 4 KB memory window for its own internal use If the memory cannot be used then Card Services cannot read the Card Information Structure CIS from the card s EPROM which means it cannot identify cards There are two different methods you can use when Card Services has a problem reading the CIS First you can determine which memory window Card Services is using and then exclude that window from use by Card Services and or the memory manager Second you can attempt to determine all of the memory that Card Services can possibly use and then exclude all but that memory from use by Card Services How do I determine all of the memory that Card Services can use One way to find out which memory addresses Card Services can use is to run a utility such as MSD EXE that scans the system and tells you how the system memory is being used For example if you run such a memory utility and it tells you that physical addresses C0000 to C9FFF are
63. ken high If the user continues the write operation without taking CS high after issuing the WREN instruction the write operation will be ignored Once the write enable latch is set the user may proceed by issuing the write instruction followed by the address and then the data to be written This is minimally a twenty four clock operation CS must go low and remain low for the duration of the operation The host may continue to write up to four bytes of data to the X25020 The only restriction is the four bytes must reside on the same page A page address begins with address XXXX XX00 and ends with XXXX XX11 If the byte address counter reaches XXXX XX11 and the clock continues the counter will roll back to the first address of the page and overwrite any data that may have been written For the write operation byte or page write to be completed CS can only be brought high after the twenty fourth thirty second fortieth orforty eighth clock If itis brought high at any other time the write operation will not be completed Refer to Figure 4 below for a detailed illustration of the page write sequence and time frames in which CS going high are valid While the write is in progress the status register may be read to check the WIP bit During this time the WIP bit will be high and all other bits in the status register will be high Hold Operation The HOLD input should be high at Vi under norma operation If a data transfer is to be i
64. l Connection Descriptions PC AO 2DC Pin 1 Signal Name Description IOUTO Current Out 0 This signal is the current output for channel 0 2 4 9 30 48 NC Not connected 3 IOUTI Current Out 1 This signal is the current output for channel 1 10 DACOOUT DACO Out This signal is the voltage output for channel 0 11 AGND Analog Ground This is the ground reference for analog output signals 12 DACIOUT DACI Out This is the voltage output signal for channel 1 13 50 DGND Digital Ground This is the ground reference for digital output input signals 14 21 PA 0 7 Port AO through Port A7 These signals are the bidirectional digital data lines for port A PA7 is the MSB PAO is the LSB 22 29 PB lt 0 7 gt Port BO through Port B7 These signals are the bidirectional digital data lines for port B PB7 is the MSB PBO is the LSB 49 5 V 5 V tThis output signal carries 1 A maximum This has an internal resettable fuse PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 3 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 3 DAQCard AO 2DC Pin 1 Signal Connections Signal Name Description DGND Ground This pin is connected to the computer ground and digital ground signals 2 5 V 5 V This output signal carries 500 mA maximum and has an internal non resettable wire fuse 3 10 PA 0 7 Port AO through
65. ltage from the output of DACs For the current sink to operate properly you must use the unipolar voltage output mode You can use the current output with industry standard O to 20 mA or 4 to 20 mA current loops You can generate the desired current loop using applicable NI DAQ function calls For proper connections for current outputs refer to Chapter 3 Signal Connections PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 4 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Theory of Operation Digital UO Your AO 2DC device supports 16 bit digital I O The 16 bits are configured as two 8 bit ports that can each be used either as an input port or an output port The digital I O circuitry is designed around the 82C55A general purpose programmable peripheral interface PPI Two of the ports port A and port B are used in the AO 2DC devices The pins that correspond to these ports are PA lt 0 7 gt and PB lt 0 7 gt on the AO 2DC connectors Figure 4 5 shows a block diagram of the digital I O circuitry For performing and configuring digital I O operations use applicable NI DAQ function calls gt Address lt 0 1 gt 82C55A Programmable Peripheral AAL nterface PCMCIA Channel 1 0 Connector Control gt lt Figure 4 5 Digital I O Circuitry Block Diagram All ports on the 82C55A are TTL compatible When enabled the digital output ports are capable of sinking 2 5 mA of current and sourcing 2 5
66. m date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this manual is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In the event that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY
67. mA of current on each digital I O line When the ports are not enabled the digital I O lines act as high impedance inputs which have been pulled up by weak pull up resistors National Instruments Corporation 4 5 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Theory of Operation Chapter 4 Power down Mode DAQCard AO 2DC only You can power down your DAQCard AO 2DC by using the power down utility provided with your NI DAQ software This utility will put your DAQCard AO 2DC in a low power consumption mode The effects of power down mode are as follows e The analog output values will not be maintained For example if you have set up your voltage output channel to unipolar mode and you are outputting 9 000 V then after power down mode the output levels will fall to an unknown level e The digital I O will not be functional e After you bring your DAQCard AO 2DC back from power down mode to power up mode you are required to set up your analog outputs again If you are using a PC bring your DAQCard AO 2DC to power down mode by typing daqpower D and to power up your DAQCard AO 2DC again type dagpower U If you are using a Mac refer to your NI DAQ for Macintosh documentation to use the power down utilities for PCMCIA cards Refer to the configuration utility online documentation that is shipped with your PCMCIA card for more information on power down features PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 4 6 National Instruments Corporati
68. mory access differential nonlinearity EEPROM chip select bit Extended Industry Standard Architecture ground signal hexadecimal hertz Integrated Development Environment inch integral nonlinearity input output current output high current output low current output signal Industry Standard Architecture light emitting diode least significant bit megabytes of memory most significant bit not connected signal output signal port A port B Personal Computer Memory Card International Association EEPROM out bit Programmable Peripheral Interface parts per million external resistance root mean square samples seconds serial clock bit Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation serial data bit Software Development Kit shield signal Turbo Pascal Compiler Turbo Pascal Unit terminate and stay resident transistor transistor logic unipolar volts positive supply voltage from the PCMCIA bus usually 5V volts direct current Virtual DMA Driver external volts National Instruments Corporation Vin VIL Vin Von Vor Vref WRTPRT volts input high volts input low volts in volts output high volts output low reference voltage write protect bit National Instruments Corporation Glossary 3 Glossary PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Index Numbers and Symbols 2SDACO bit D 4 2SDACI bit D 4 5 V signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 82C55A Digi
69. nd Play Configuration Manager The Configuration Manager receives all of the resource requests at start up compares the available resources to those requested and assigns the available resources as efficiently as possible to the Plug and Play boards Application software can query the Configuration Manager to determine the resources assigned to each board without your involvement The Plug and Play software is installed as a device driver or as an integral component of the computer BIOS If you have the Windows 95 operating system on your PC it will configure your PC AO 2DC Refer to your NI DAQ documentation for more information Switchless Mode You can use the PC AO 2DC in a non Plug and Play system as a switchless DAQ board A non Plug and Play system is a system in which the Configuration Manager has not been installed and which does not contain any non National Instruments Plug and Play products You use a configuration utility to enter the base address and the application software assigns it to the board Note Avoid resource conflicts with non National Instruments devices For example do not configure two devices for the same base address Base I O Address Selection You can configure the PC AO 2DC to use base addresses in the range of 100 to 3E0 hex The PC AO 2DC occupies 32 bytes of address space and must be located on a 32 byte boundary Therefore valid addresses include 100 120 140 3C0 3E0 hex This selection is sof
70. nels of analog output through two 12 bit DACs Each analog output channel can provide a unipolar or bipolar voltage output or current output Figure 4 4 shows a block diagram of the analog output circuitry National Instruments Corporation 4 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Theory of Operation Chapter 4 Current Output IOUTO gt DACOWR DACOOUT PC PCMCIA 1 0 Channel Interface and 5 V Internal Control Reference DAC1OUT O Connector e q o lt o o n DAC1WR Current Output Figure 4 4 Analog Output Circuitry Block Diagram Each analog output channel contains a 12 bit DAC and voltage to current conversion circuitry Each DAC channel can be software configured for either a unipolar voltage output or a bipolar voltage output range A unipolar output gives an output voltage range of 0 0 to 10 0 V A bipolar output gives an output voltage range of 5 0 to 5 0 V You can generate the desired voltage using applicable NI DAQ function calls For the proper connection for voltage output refer to Chapter 3 Signal Connections Each DAC channel can be software configured for current outputs The voltage to current conversion circuitry of each analog output channel can create a 0 to 20 mA current sink using an external current loop supply of 7 to 40 V The current sink converts the vo
71. ng scheme is used for interpreting the 12 bit data Two s complement is useful if a bipolar output range is selected If this bit is cleared a straight binary coding scheme is used Straight binary is useful if a unipolar output range is selected PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 4 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Command Register 2 Register Level Programming Command Register 2 configures the D A circuitry Address Base address OE hex Type Write only Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 DACIUNI BI DACOUNI BI 0 0 Bit Name Description 7 4 0 Write zeroes to these bits 3 DACIUNI BI DAC Unipolar Bipolar This bit sets the analog voltage output range for DACI Set this bit to configure DACI for a unipolar 0 to 10 V output voltage range Clear this bit to configure DACI for bipolar 5 to 5 V output voltage range 2 DACOUNI BI DACO Unipolar Bipolar This bit sets the analog voltage output range for DACO Set this bit to configure DACO for a unipolar 0 to 10 V output voltage range Clear this bit to configure DACO for bipolar 5 to 5 V output voltage range Note At power up both the DACs are configured for unipolar output voltage range National Instruments Corporation D 5 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming Appendix D Command Register 3 This register is used to write to the onboard Calibration EEPROM Ad
72. nnel interface circuitry is shown in Figure 4 2 Address Bus Plug and Address B Register Selects Play Control Decoder Timing gt Control and Control Lines Interface Read Write Signals PC I O Channel Data Bus Data 8 Buffers Internal Data Bus Figure 4 2 PC I O Interface Circuitry Block Diagram of PC AO 2DC PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 4 2 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 4 Theory of Operation DAQCard AO 2DC The PCMCIA I O channel of the DAQCard AO 2DC consists of an address bus a data bus and several control and support signals The components making up the PCMCIA I O channel interface circuitry are shown in Figure 4 3 Control Lines Timing D Control and Interface Read Write Signals Address Bus Address Register Selects Decoder g Card Information Data Bus Structure Data PCMCIA 8 Buffers Control Registers E c bei O o z o a p gt Internal Data Bus Figure 4 3 PCMCIA I O Interface Circuitry Block Diagram of DAQCard AO 2DC Analog Output Analog outputs supported by the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC consist of two channels of voltage or current output The theory of operation and signal connections of the analog output circuitry are described in this section Your AO 2DC device provides two chan
73. nstituting port B See Programming the Digital I O Circuitry later in this appendix for information on how to configure port B for input or output Address Base address 11 hex Type Read and write Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 DI DO Bit Name Description 7 0 D lt 7 0 gt Data bits 7 through 0 These bits are 8 bit port B data Digital Control Register The Digital Control Register can be used to configure port A and port B as inputs or outputs See Programming the Digital I O Circuitry later in this appendix for a description of the individual bits in the Digital Control Register Address Base address 13 hex Type Write only Word Size 8 bit Bit Map 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 CW7 CW6 CW5 CW4 CW3 CW2 CWI CWO Bit Name Description 7 0 CW lt 7 0 gt Control Word 7 through 0 These bits are 8 bit control word data National Instruments Corporation D 11 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming Appendix D Programming the Digital I O Circuitry The PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC support only Mode 0 basic I O operations with ports A and B of the 82C55A PPI With Mode 0 no handshaking is required data is simply written to or read from a specified port Port A and port B can be used for either input or output Control Words Both port A and port B can be assigned either as an input port or an output port Figu
74. nterrupted HOLD can be pulled low to suspend the transfer until it can be resumed The only restriction is the SCK input must be low when HOLD is first pulled low and SCK must also be low when HOLD is released National Instruments Corporation B 5 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 The HOLD input may be tied high either directly to Vec Data Protection EES Voe through a resistor The following circuitry has been included to prevent Operational Notes inadvertent writes The X25020 powers on in the following state The write enable latch is reset upon power up The device is in the low power standby state A write enable instruction must be issued to set the A AX write enable latch A high to low transition on CS is required to enter Zan an active state and receive an instruction CS must come high at the proper clock count in DEN order to start a write cycle SO pin is high impedance 3 e 4 The write enable latch is reset when WP is brought low The write enable latch is reset Figure 1 Read Operation Sequence SS 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 SCK INSTRUCTION BYTE ADDRESS s AAA eens 00 00 00 HIGH IMPEDANCE SE so 00009000 MSB 3834 FHD FO4 Figure 2 Write Enable Latch HIGH IMPEDANCE PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual B 6 National Instruments Corporation Appendix B X25020 Data
75. on Appendix A Specifications This appendix lists the specifications of the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC These specifications are typical at 25 C and 50 relative humidity unless otherwise stated Analog Output Output Characteristics Number of channels reete et cog caste epe ote em Two voltage and two current Resolution tenere eneen fole eet 12 bits Py pe Ob DAC ste de toO D Ue ele ete Double buffered RE CR is eet etre e D ener Programmed I O Transfer Characteristics Relative accuracy INL of the DAC 30 5 LSB max DNE uo deb aimes te piri RE tl LSB max Monotonicity nette ere net ar eerte tenu Guaranteed over temperature Voltage Output hence ERE 0 to 10 VDC 5 V software selectable Output coupling eerie teneo DC Output Imp dance sis mn eerte cett teer 0 5 92 Current drive Met de ao 2 0 mA max Absolute ACCURACY 5 aces ate De ER te Tente 0 05 FSR3 ane EE Short circuit to ground Power on State cran ede te etenim ied s 500 mV within 100 ms unipolar mode Current Output UE 0 to 20 mA TYDes iier DeC EOS pe eR teurs Sink to GND requires external current loop supply Output impedance ss 1 GO Excitation voltage range ss 7 to 40 VDC Absolute accuracy nanne en venneen ss 0 15 FSR Protection niente perte siens Short circuit to ground Power on state 25 ettet metere e ee a Renee 0 A within 100 ms The relative accuracy for the software corrected DAC is 1 53 LSB max 2 This
76. on of terms used in this manual including abbreviations acronyms metric prefixes mnemonics and symbols The Index alphabetically lists the topics in this manual including the page where you can find the topic Conventions Used in This Manual The following conventions are used in this manual AO 2DC AO 2DC denotes either or both the PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC bold Bold text denotes menus menu items or dialog box buttons or options bold italic Bold italic text denotes a note caution or warning italic Italic text denotes emphasis on a specific board or on other important information a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept monospace Text in this font denotes text or characters that are to be literally input from the keyboard sections of code programming examples and syntax examples This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives paths directories programs subprograms subroutines device names functions variables filenames and extensions and for statements and comments taken from program code Mac Mac refers to Macintosh computers NI DAQ NI DAQ refers to the NI DAQ software for PC compatibles and Macintosh computers unless otherwise noted PC PC refers to PC XT AT and IBM PS 2 models 25 and 30 computers SCXI SCXI stands for Signal Conditioning eXtensions for Instrumentation and is a National Instruments product line designed to perform front end signal conditioning for National
77. on t care bit You can mask these bits when reading the EEPROM 0 PROMOUT EEPROM Output This bit allows access to the serial output pin of the EEPROM During calibration procedures the calibration data is read from the EEPROM through PROMOUT Note To program the X25020 EEPROM refer to the data sheets in Appendix B X25020 Data Sheet Analog Output Register Group The four registers making up the Analog Output Register Group are used for loading the two 12 bit DACS in the two analog output channels DACO controls analog output Channel 0 DACI controls analog output channel 1 These DACs should be written to individually The DAC in each analog output channel generates a voltage proportional to the input Vref multiplied by the digital code loaded into the DAC The DACS have an 8 bit loading interface Each DAC can be loaded with a 12 bit digital code by writing first to the low byte and then to the high byte The voltage outputs from the two DACS are updated at the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC I O connector at the DACOOUT and DACIOUT pins as soon as the high byte is written to the DACx registers Bit descriptions of the registers making up the Analog Output Register Group are given on the following page National Instruments Corporation D 7 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Register Level Programming Appendix D Programming the Analog Outputs Voltage Outputs Use the pseudocode for generating a desired voltage at the outpu
78. otection employed These bits are set by the user will resume operation from the point when HOLD was issuing the WRSR instruction first asserted Write Status Register WRSR Write Enable WREN and Write Disable WRDI The write status register instruction allows the user to The X25020 contains a write enable latch This latch select one of four levels of protection The X25020 is must be SET before a write operation will be completed divided into four 512 bit segments One two or all four internally The WREN instruction will set the latch and ofthe segments may be protected That is the user may the WRDI instruction will reset the latch This latch is read the segments but will be unable to alter write data automatically reset upon a power on condition and after within the selected segments The partitioning is con the completion of a byte page or status register write trolled as illustrated below cycle The latch is also reset if WP is brought low Array Addresses o o None o 1 GOSEED Da 0 S80 FF 1 2 1 JL 1 00 FF al 3834 PGM TO3 Table 1 Instruction Set Reset the Write Enable Latch Disable Write Operations RDSR 0000010 Read Status Register Write Status Register Block Lock Bits READ 0000 0011 Read Data from Memory Array beginning at selected address WRITE 0000 0010 Write Data to Memory Array beginning at Selected Address 1 to 4 Bytes 3834 PGM TO4 instru
79. programming environment These functions include routines for analog input A D conversion buffered data acquisition high speed A D conversion analog output D A conversion waveform generation digital I O counter timer operations SCXI RTSI self calibration messaging and acquiring data to extended memory NI DAQ has both high level DAQ I O functions for maximum ease of use and low level DAQ I O functions for maximum flexibility and performance Examples of high level functions are streaming data to disk or acquiring a certain number of data points An example of a low level function is writing directly to registers on the DAQ device NI DAQ does not sacrifice the performance of National Instruments DAQ devices because it lets multiple devices operate at their peak performance NI DAQ also internally addresses many of the complex issues between the computer and the DAQ hardware such as programming interrupts and DMA controllers NI DAQ maintains a consistent software interface among its different versions so that you can change platforms with minimal modifications to your code Figure 1 1 illustrates the relationship between NI DAQ and LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI You can see that the data acquisition parts of LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI are functionally equivalent to the NI DAQ software Conventional Programming LabVIEW LabWindows CVI Environment PC Macintosh or PC or Sun PC Macintosh or Sun SPARCstation SPARCstation Sun SPARCst
80. re D 1 shows the control word format used to completely program the 82C55A on the PC AO 2DC and the DAQCard AO 2DC CW7 CW6 CW5 CW4 CW3 CW2 CW1 CWO 1 0 0 x 0 _f j Control Word Flag Port B 1 Mode Set 1 Input 0 Output Mode Selection Mode Selection 00 Mode 0 0 Mode 0 Port A 1 Input 0 Output Figure D 1 Control Word Format The four possible I O configurations are shown in Table D 2 Notice that bit 7 of the control word is set when programming the mode of operation of each port Table D 2 Digital I O Configurations 1000X00X 1000X01X 1001X00X 1001X01X Use the following pseudocode for digital I O on port A or port B or refer to the Programming Example section 1 Write the appropriate digital value to the Digital Control Register to configure that port as input or output 2 Write the desired digital value to the corresponding port register to generate the control signals at that port Or read the port to read the logic level present at that port input Note Configuring one of the ports resets the other port so you may want to configure both ports before starting the digital I O PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 12 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming Programming Example The following example shows how to configure the 82C55A for various combinations of mode 0 input and output Thi
81. s code is strictly an example and is not intended to be used without modification in a practical situation The base address used may not correspond to the base address of the card in your system For more information refer to the Base I O Address Selection section earlier in this appendix Main Set PC to 1 if you are using a PC or set MAC to 1 if you are using a Mac define PC 0 define MAC 0 If MAC 1 set base address and define rd and wrt if MAC define BASE_ADDRESS 0xa0000000L define rd a unsigned char unsigned char a define wrt a d unsigned char a unsigned char d Else if PC 1 set base address and define rd and wrt elif PG define BASE ADDRESS 0x0220 define rd a unsigned char inp unsigned int a define wrt a d outp unsigned int a unsigned char d end define PORTAoffset 0x10 Offset for port A define PORTBoffset Ox11 Offset for port B define PORTCoffset 0x12 Offset for port C define CNFGoffset 0x13 Offset for CNFG xy unsigned long porta portb portc cnfg char valread Variable to store data read from a port Calculate register addresses porta BASE_ADDRESS PORTAoffset portb BASE_ADDRESS PORTBoffset portc BASE_ADDRESS PORTCoffset cnfg BASE ADDRESS CNFGoffset EXAMPLE 1 wrt cnfg 0x80
82. s selection configuration 2 3 register level programming D 1 bit descriptions 2SDACO D 4 2SDACI D 4 CW lt 7 0 gt D 11 D lt 7 0 gt D 9 D 10 D 11 D lt 11 8 gt D 9 D lt 15 12 gt D 9 DACOUNI BI D 5 DACIUNI BI D 5 EEPROMCS D 6 PROMOUT D 7 SCLK D 6 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Index SDATA D 6 WRTPRT D 6 bus interface specifications A 2 bus related configuration 2 2 to 2 3 C cables See also I O connectors DAQCard AO 2DC 1 5 optional equipment 1 4 PC AO 2DC 1 4 calibration current calibration method E 4 to E 5 EEPROM map E 5 to E 6 factory area figure E 6 overwriting factory area of EEPROM warning E 2 E 5 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC figure E 5 measurement technique E 5 overview E 1 to E 2 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC output characteristics figure E 1 two point method E 2 to E 3 voltage calibration method E 3 to E 4 DAC characteristics figure E 3 Calibration EEPROM Register description D 7 register map D 2 Calibration Register Group See Configuration and Calibration Register Group CB 50 LP and CB 50 pin assignments using the PSH27 50F D1 cable figure C 2 Command Register 1 description D 4 register map D 2 Command Register 2 description D 5 register map D 2 Command Register 3 description D 6 register map D 2 configuration hardware 2 2 to 2 4 analog output polarity selection 2 4 base I O address selection 2 3 bus related configuration
83. should I do if my computer does not have Card and Socket Services version 2 0 or later Contact the manufacturer of your computer or of your PCMCIA adapter and request the latest Card and Socket PCMCIA driver Our NI DAQ software will work with any Card and Socket Service driver that is compliant to version 2 0 or later Operation 1 My PCMCIA card works when inserted before power on time but it does not work when hot inserted What is wrong You may have an interrupt conflict If you have a utility such as MSD EXE run it to determine the allocated interrupts then refer to question 5 in the Resources section MSD EXE is usually shipped with Microsoft Windows My computer locks up when I use a PCMCIA card What should I do This usually happens because Card Services allocated an unusable interrupt level to the PCMCIA card For example on some computers interrupt level 11 is not routed to PCMCIA cards If Card Services is not aware of this it may assign interrupt 11 to a PCMCIA card even though the interrupt is not usable When a call uses the interrupt the interrupt never occurs and the computer locks up waiting for a response For information about how to locate an interrupt that is free to be used refer to question 4 in the Resources section National Instruments Corporation G 1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual PCMCIA Questions and Answers Appendix G Is there a way I can conserve power on my PCMCIA card when
84. t in the active power mode It should be noted that after power on a high to low transition on CS is required prior to the start of any operation Write Protect WP When WP is low nonvolatile writes to the X25020 are disabled but the part otherwise functions normally When WP is held high all functions including nonvola tile writes operate normally WP going low while CS is still low will interrupt a write to the X25020 If the internal write cycle has already been initiated WP going low will have no affect on write National Instruments Corporation B 3 Hold HOLD HOLD is used in conjunction with the CS pin to select the device Once the partis selected and a serial sequence is underway HOLD may be used to pause the serial communication with the controller without resetting the serial sequence To pause HOLD must be brought low while SCK is Low To resume communication HOLD is brought high again while SCK is low Ifthe pause feature is not used HOLD should be held high at all times PIN CONFIGURATION PIN NAMES Suo Description C8 ChpSeetipt 80 SerdOupu 8 Semer SCK Write Protect Input Supply Voltage Hold Input 3834 PGM TO1 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual X25020 Data Sheet Appendix B X25020 PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION Read Status Register RDSR The X25020 is a 256 x 8 E2PROM designed to interface The RDSR instruction provides access to the status directly with t
85. t of a channel or refer to the Programming Example section later in this appendix 1 Write to the Command Register 1 to select the binary coding scheme to be used for DAC data You can choose the two s complement scheme for bipolar outputs and straight binary is used for unipolar output 2 Select the polarity of the DAC by writing to Command Register 2 This will select unipolar output or bipolar output Note Power up default is unipolar output on both channels 3 Perform calibration if desired Refer to Appendix E Calibration for more information You will have to write to Calibration Command Register 3 to write to the EEPROM 4 Read the calibration coefficients and calculate the binary pattern to be written to the DAC to generate the desired voltage output Note Refer to Appendix E Calibration to find the formula to calculate digital value to be written to DAC for a desired voltage 5 Write the LSB of the digital value to the DACOL DACIL and then write the MSB of the digital value to the DACOH DACIH When you finish writing to DACxH the output will be updated Current Outputs The pseudocode is identical to that for voltage outputs except Step 2 where the unipolar range should always be selected for current outputs PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual D 8 National Instruments Corporation Appendix D Register Level Programming DACO Low Byte DACOL DACO High Byte DACOH DACI Low Byte DACIL and DAC1 Hi
86. t outputs cannot produce negative currents and thus have a different output characteristic Typical output characteristics for a channel in unipolar voltage bipolar voltage and current output are shown in Figure E 1 Unipolar Voltage Bipolar Voltage Output Output Current Output Characteristics Characteristics Characteristics Figure E 1 PC AO 2DC and DAQCard AO 2DC Output Characteristics The graphs in Figure E 1 show the values B and By By is the code that you write to the DAC when you want the channel to output its nominal minimum output which is O V for unipolar voltage output 5 V for bipolar voltage output and O mA for current output By is the code that you write to the DAC when you want the channel to output its nominal maximum output which is 10 V actually 9 9975 V for unipolar voltage output 5 V actually 4 9987 V for bipolar voltage output and 20 mA actually 19 9951 V or current output With these actual values you can use the following formula to compute the bit value to write to the DAC to get any output within the nominal range By Bi Oy OL By Bu Min O1 National Instruments Corporation EI PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Calibration Appendix E where BL bit pattern you write to get the low value of the range By bit pattern you write to get the high value of the range OL low value of the range 5 V 0 V or 0 mA Oy high value of the range 4 9987 V
87. tal I O Register Group Digital Control Register D 11 Port A Register D 10 Port B Register D 11 register map D 2 A AGND signal table DAQCard AO 2DC 3 5 PC AO 2DC 3 4 analog output block diagram of analog output circuitry figure 4 4 polarity selection 2 4 programming analog outputs D 8 signal connections See analog output signal connections specifications current output A 1 dynamic characteristics A 2 output characteristics A 1 stability A 2 transfer characteristics A 1 voltage output A 1 theory of operation 4 3 to 4 4 Analog Output Register Group DACO Low Byte and DACO High Byte Registers D 9 DACI Low Byte and DAC High Byte Registers D 9 overview D 7 programming analog outputs D 8 register map D 2 analog output signal connections 3 5 to 3 8 current output 3 6 to 3 8 National Instruments Corporation current loop connection figure 3 8 DAC channel connection as current output figure 3 7 power up condition 3 7 voltage output 3 6 DAC channel connection as voltage output figure 3 6 power up condition 3 6 AO 2DC devices block diagram 4 1 features 1 1 functional overview 4 1 to 4 3 getting started 1 1 to 1 2 I O channel interface circuitry 4 2 to 4 3 optional equipment 1 4 overview 1 1 software programming choices LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI application software 1 2 NI DAQ driver software 1 2 to 1 3 register level programming 1 3 unpacking 1 5 B base I O addres
88. tion Completing this form accurately before contacting National Instruments for technical support helps our applications engineers answer your questions more efficiently National Instruments Products e Serial Number of PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC Revision Number of PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC e Base I O Address of PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC Factory Setting in Hex e Analog Output Channel O Configuration Factory Setting Unipolar e Analog Output Channel 1 Configuration Factory Setting Unipolar e NI DAQ LabVIEW or LabWindows CVI Version e Software Version Other Products e Microprocessor e Clock Frequency e Computer Make and Model e Type of Video Board Installed e Operating System and Version Programming Language e Programming Language Version e Other Boards in System e Base I O Address of Other Boards Documentation Comment Form National Instruments encourages you to comment on the documentation supplied with our products This information helps us provide quality products to meet your needs Title PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Edition Date April 1996 Part Number 320919B 01 Please comment on the completeness clarity and organization of the manual If you find errors in the manual please record the page numbers and describe the errors Thank you for your help Name Title
89. tional equipment and explains how to unpack your AO 2DC About Your AO 2DC Device Thank you for purchasing the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC which are analog output and digital I O devices for PC XT AT IBM Personal System 2 PS 2 models 25 and 30 and Macintosh computers equipped with PCMCIA Type II slot Each device has two 12 bit DACs and current output circuitry providing two channels of voltage or current outputs You can use the voltage or current outputs in set point types of applications Each device also provides 16 bits of digital I O lines You can install the PC AO 2DC in any 8 bit or 16 bit expansion slot on a PC while the DAQCard AO 2DC is for PCs and Macintosh computers equipped with a PCMCIA Type II slot The low cost of a system based on the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC makes them ideal for laboratory work in industrial and academic environments You can use the analog output channels to generate experimental stimuli to control machines and processes and to generate analog functions You can use the digital I O lines to switch external devices such as transistors and solid state relays and to read the status of external digital logic Your AO 2DC device used in conjunction with the computer is a versatile cost effective platform for laboratory test measurement and control The additional advantages of small size light weight and low power consumption make the DAQCard AO 2DC ideal for use in portable computers This portab
90. ts Documentation ss xi Related Documenta ins E ME xi Customer CommuniCatlOn en i teinte Ea nn PPAR CES ee Rad RA REEL EES xii Chapter 1 Introduction aon re etie Ei ei ean dis astu elita doi Men 1 1 About Your AO 2DC DENG ed elanden desea Ramee tide 1 1 What You Need to Get Started sese ee geste e ee NEES ro Le ER unis 1 1 Software Programming EE 1 2 LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI Application Software sss 1 2 NI DAQ Driver Software 1 3 Register Level Programing oec eiecti eta Dex exo ere Map Br assita 1 4 Optional reir EP e ee 1 4 Custom EN 1 4 Unpack G gereegelt eet oid ee ieee gaa 1 5 Chapter 2 Installation and Configuration 2 1 Hardware Installation en dee ee didit De a uii Mese al eR 2 1 ee EE EE 2 2 Bus Related GOlfteuratloDi usos separa ads DANS DPS RaLad paro LAN e 2 2 Plug and Pl Modes Late aed pete PA A 2 3 SET 2 3 Base I O Address Selection ette eterna t teet ae eta ceo sado 2 3 Data Acquisition Related Configuration eene 2 4 Analog Output Polarity Selection 2 4 Current OULDUIS Sonia soris oct eria ea else GRE HS e RUD Eeer 2 4 Digital I O ConfigUratlon eate sete eere esee tensa seo he Peta reae ree vos 2 4 Chapter 3 Signal Connections eno ss ote bi tiet ethernet 3 1 WO Goin Le eelst LTD LITT 3 1 Signal Connection Descriptions ss 3 4 Analog Output Signal Conne hons sonar bereit etes ene euo d ententes 3 5 Voltage Output e GP 3 6 POW
91. tware configured and does not require you to manually change any settings on the board DAQCard AO 2DC If you are using a PC Windows 95 will automatically configure your DAQCard AO 2DC If you are using a Macintosh with National Instruments software such as NI DAQ or LabVIEW see the Using the NI DAQ Control Panel to Configure Your Hardware section in your NI DAQ Software Reference Manual You can test the hardware configuration by using the NI DAQ Configuration Utility or WDAQCONF if you are using a PC National Instruments Corporation 2 3 PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual Installation and Configuration Chapter 2 Data Acquisition Related Configuration The AO 2DC devices supply two channels of analog output voltage and two channels of analog output current sinks at the I O connector You can select the range for the analog output circuitry though software The range can be either bipolar or unipolar Analog Output Polarity Selection You can configure each analog output voltage channel for either unipolar or bipolar output A unipolar configuration has a range of 0 to 10 V at the voltage outputs A bipolar configuration has a range of 5 to 5 V at the voltage outputs You do not need to configure both channels for the same range Note As a power on condition both channels power up as unipolar outputs The output voltage will be 0 5 V maximum within 100 ms of power up Current Outputs For current outputs the
92. uments uses a polarized keyed connector to PC AO 2DC DAQCard AO 2DC User Manual 1 4 National Instruments Corporation Chapter 1 Introduction prevent inadvertent upside down connection to the PC AO 2DC Recommended manufacturer part numbers for this mating connector are as follows e Electronic Products Division 3M part number 3425 7650 e T amp B Ansley Corporation part number 609 504 1CE The following are the standard ribbon cables 50 conductor 28 AWG stranded that can be used with these connectors e Electronic Products Division 3M part number 3365 50 e T amp B Ansley Corporation part number 171 50 DAQCard AO 2DC The DAQCard AO 2DC I O connector is a 25 pin female PCMCIA I O connector The manufacturer part number of the connector National Instruments uses is as follows e AMP Manufacturing part number 746288 7 The following are the standard ribbon cables 30 conductor 28 AWG stranded that work with the 30 pin connectors e Electronic Products Division 3M part number 3365 30 e T amp B Ansley Corporation part number 171 30 Unpacking Your AO 2DC device is shipped in an antistatic envelope to prevent electrostatic damage Electrostatic discharge can damage several components on the device To avoid damage in handling the device take the following precautions Ground yourself via a grounding strap or by holding a grounded object Touch the package to a metal part of your computer chassis before removin
93. utput 3 6 F 1 programming See register level programming software programming choices PROMOUT bit D 7 R register level programming 82C55A Digital I O Register Group Digital Control Register D 11 Port A Register D 10 D 12 Port B Register D 11 D 12 Analog Output Register Group DACO Low Byte and DAO High Byte Registers D 9 DACI Low Byte and DACI High Byte Registers D 9 overview D 7 programming analog outputs D 8 base I O address selection D 1 compared with other programming choices 1 4 Configuration and Calibration Register Group Calibration EEPROM Register D 7 Command Register 1 D 4 Command Register 2 D 5 Command Register 3 D 6 digital I O circuitry D 12 register map D 2 S SCLK bit D 6 SDATA bit D 6 SHIELD signal table 3 5 signal connections analog output 3 5 to 3 8 current loop connection figure 3 8 National Instruments Corporation current output 3 6 to 3 8 DAC channel connection as current output figure 3 7 DAC channel connection as voltage output figure 3 6 voltage output 3 6 digital I O 3 8 to 3 9 exceeding maximum ratings warning 3 1 I O connector pin assignments figure DAQCard AO 2DC 3 3 PC AO 2DC 3 2 screw terminal assignments for CB 27 3 4 signal descriptions DAQCard AO 2DC table 3 5 PC AO 2DC table 3 4 software programming choices LabVIEW and LabWindows CVI application software 1 2 NI DAQ driver software 1 2 register level programm
94. ypically be trimmed to zero You cannot do this with the PC AO 2DC or DAQCard AO 2DC software calibration Therefore the code rounding error is included in the error specification Your total error after calibration will be 1 5 LSB 4 095 LSB 1 020 0 0376 of full scale The extra factor of 1 020 is in the formula because the actual range of the circuit is 2 larger than the nominal range This accounts for the few LSB that you lose at the top and bottom of the range For a particular calibration it is more accurate to use the number 4 095 By By in place of 1 020 You must also add any errors from your calibration equipment Current Calibration Method When you calibrate a current output use the two point calibration method described previously When you calibrate a current output you cannot use 0 as a code Because the current output curve has a bend see Figure E 1 you must use two codes that are on the sloped portion of the curve You should use 4 095 as the upper code For the lower code using the code 255 is recommended for simplicity This code is guaranteed to be on the sloped portion of the curve but is still far away from 4 095 You can iterate the calibration procedure and use a code a few bits above the By but this only improves your accuracy by at most 7 ppm of full scale The sources of error for current calibration are the same as for voltage calibration plus an additional error for using a point that is not an en

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