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R&S FS-K96 - Rohde & Schwarz France

1. cececcecceccecceccesceccescecceaseaceaceaceaseaceaceaseacesseaeeseeaeeseeseeaeeaeeae 132 INPutDIO SbRATe okok aka akoka anaokoa AEA Dk DnA AAE ASna AEAEE nno anann anann 132 E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 131 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Advanced Seitings INPut DIQ RANGe UPPer lt Range gt This command defines the full scale level of the digital baseband input The command is available for spectrum analyzers with digital UO input R amp S FSQ B17 or FSV B17 Parameters lt Range gt RST 1V Default unit V Example INP DIQ RANG 1 4 Defines a full scale level of 1 4 V INPut DIQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines the sampling rate for the digital baseband input The command is available for spectrum analyzers with a digital UO input R amp S FSQ B17 or FSV B17 Parameters lt SampleRate gt RST 81 6 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP DIQ SRAT 20MHZ Defines a sample rate of 20 MHz 7 7 4 Advanced Level Settings e e VV Ee UE 132 PI Ee 132 IIe ue ge EE 133 joie ie a2 TE AOT aero e E EAEE ETN 133 Jee NR T STA FO Seen ne ne ee E ANEA 133 IIe AIR dE A TAFE iani aa aar aa a aai 134 CONFigure POWer AUTO SWEep TIME lt SweepTime gt This command defines the auto level track time Parameters lt SweepTime gt RST 100 ms Default unit s Example CONF POW AUTO SWE TIME 200MS Defines an auto level track time of 200 ms INPut AT Tenuation lt Attenuation gt
2. lt I FO SymbO Carrier1 gt lt Q FO SymbO Carrier1 gt lt I FO Symb0 Carrier n gt lt Q FO SymbO Car rier n gt lt I FO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt Q FO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt I FO Symb1 Carrier n gt lt Q FO Symb1 Car rier n gt lt I FO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt Q FO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt I FO Symb n Carrier n gt lt Q FO Symb n Carrier n gt lt I F1 SymbO Carrier1 gt lt Q F1 SymbO Carrier1 gt lt I F1 SymbO Carrier n gt lt Q F1 SymbO Car rier n gt lt I F1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt Q F1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt I F1 Symb1 Carrier n gt lt Q F1 Symb1 Car rier n gt lt I F n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt Q F n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt I F n Symb n Carrier n gt lt Q F n Symb n Carrier n gt With F frame and Symb symbol of that subframe The and Q values have no unit The number of return values depends on the constellation selection The following parameters are supported Parameters TRACE1 and TRACE2 contain the evaluated cells with the constellation selection applied These are the constellation points as shown in the result display Parameters TRACE3 and TRACE4 contain all cells of the OFDM frames No of Symbols x FFT Length complex numbers e TRACE1 Returns all constellation points included in the selection e TRACE2 Returns the constellation points for th
3. Choosing the correct filter order is a trade off between selectivity and filter impulse response length A high filter order leads to superior selectivity between adjacent chan nels On the other hand such a filter has a long channel impulse response which can produce intersymbol interference if used in systems with small guard intervals Low filter orders require a higher distance between channels and will possibly attenuate the outer carriers of the signal In contrast the channel impulse response is short and suited for systems with short guard intervals The adjustable lowpass filter performs a decimation at its output So the maximum output sample rate which can be set in the General Settings menu is reduced compared to the internal filter setting Adjustable Channel Filter Low i Normal EE EE EE E OEO We ti re E Ge Ge eee e ee Frequency Response dB ee eee eee eee eee eae E eee ee MEA KEE 100 1 1 1 1 1 i A n 0 0 05 0 1 0 15 02 025 03 035 04 045 40 5 Normalized Frequency User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 100 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail Signal Processing 6 2 3 OFDM Measurement ON OFF PREAMBLE CP FFT_SHIFT MAX_BIN_OFFSET Burst Detection Capture Buffer R_Ik w o frame sync Time Rough Sync K Compensate Freq Offset Synchronization Block R Ik Freq Clock Compensate Channel CPE Gain Comoensate Modulation A Ik Estimati
4. User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 3 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Contents 3 4 4 1 4 1 1 4 1 2 4 1 3 4 2 4 2 1 4 2 2 5 1 5 1 1 9 1 2 5 2 5 2 1 5 2 2 6 1 6 1 1 6 1 2 6 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 6 2 3 6 3 6 3 1 6 3 2 7 1 7 2 7 2 1 7 2 2 beetebuerg 50 LE de CC 51 General SENNO CN 51 Primary Settings E 51 Advanced BEE ln e rer ee 56 Measurement Gettnges rrearen 60 Demodulation SCUING Sc sessicsesccciaineciacscatevescoencttaseccseetsseraccoudeutuesteauieceentiennccetnesanescausnns 63 Signal DSS CMD NOM EEN 64 DSTO CU ATOMS OMA e 69 System Configuration File ccccccceesseeeseeeeeeeeeeseeeecenesenesseeseeneaeness 73 Matlab Configuration File Formal cccsscessssseesseeeseeeeeeeeeeseeneseeneneaseeesaneesnenenses 73 OFDM Systemi ClaSS EE 75 Generate Q Data Files AANEREN ENEE NENNEN 79 XML Configuration File Format cccccssseessseeesseeeeeseeesesneseeesesseeseesasneeeenesseenenses 81 Overview of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Ward 83 Generate Q Data Files AANEREN ENEE NENNEN 89 Measurements in Detall ccccceseseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeneeseneeeneeeeeeeeneaeneenaes 92 General Information On OF DM cccccceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeseeseeseeeneeesaeeeseeeeeees 92 Eege 92 OFDM Param teniZatl ON vaste isssiuciscvavastenanwisiiivemuiandealsdniipsitmanDiniasieciaanwenevantaianusendsans cian vadeniuvva 93 Signal Proc SSiN E 99 Bira EE e Le DEE 99 CPG NE E 99 OFDM
5. 05 11 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Licensing the Software GEMERAL SETTINGS DEMOD SETTINGS 1 Z Time ma Constellation Diagram CHANNEL JA O hj i Imagina Part di MISC STATISTIK D U Real Part RUH SGL RUH CONT REFRESH SCREEN A 1 1 3 Deinstalling R amp S FS K96 You can uninstall the software itself via the uninstall tool available in the Windows Start Menu folder or via Add or Remove Software in the Windows Control Panel The Framework components have to be uninstalled manually via Add or Remove Soft ware in the Windows Control Panel Before uninstalling the components make sure that no other software uses one of the components The following components and programs have been installed Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 Microsoft Visual C 2005 Redistributable Matlab Component Runtime 7 11 Intel Integrated Performance Primitives RT14 1 R amp S Port Mapper Rohde amp Schwarz OFDM Vector Signal Analysis R amp S FS K96 1 2 Licensing the Software The software provides the following general functionality To capture and analyze UO data from an R amp S FSW R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSUP or R amp S RTO User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 12 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 _ Licensing the Software e To read and analyze Q data from a file License type The R amp S FS K96 allows you to
6. SEQuence MODE Parameters lt Power gt Trigger level in dBm RST 0 Default unit dBm Example TRIG LEV POW 10 Defines a trigger level of 10 dBm TRIGger SEQuence LEVel POQWer AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic calculation of the ideal power trigger level on and off The command is available for measurements with an IF power trigger see TRIGger SEQuence MODE Parameters lt State gt ON Performs a test measurement prior to the main measurement to determine the ideal power trigger level OFF Requires manual definition of the power trigger level RST OFF Example TRIG LEV POW AUTO 1 Turns on automatic trigger level determination TRIGger SEQuence MODE lt Mode gt This command selects the trigger source or mode User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 127 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE 7 6 5 Primary Settings Parameters lt Mode gt IMMediate Automatically triggers the next measurement at the end of the previous measurement Free Run mode EXTernal The next measurement is triggered by the signal at the external trigger input e g a gated trigger POWer The next measurement is triggered by the detection of a signal with sufficient power RST IMMediate Example TRIG MODE IMM Selects Free Run mode TRIGger SEQuence PORT lt Port gt This command selects the trigger port The command is available for the external trigger mode and instruments that
7. Error Frequency Phaze Number of Symbols J Number of Symbols Number of Symbols specifies the number of symbols per frame used for the evaluation of the sample wise frequency and phase error calculation The upper limit is the Result Length minus one Result Length 1 Remote command Not supported yet 4 2 Demodulation Settings This section describes the demodulation settings of the software for running a correct measurement by means of OFDM system configuration and demodulation control options So all User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 63 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings eo ee 4 2 1 4 2 1 1 Demodulation Settings Signal Description The Signal Description contains general settings to configure the software for the applied signal The Signal Description tab is part of the Demod Settings dialog box System CG ees cei resets ented ce rnssdebocetmedindbeesetesiebebadonianbesactesdveesascdestbeewasosnad 64 e OFDM Symbol Characteristics uk 66 e Preamble Symbol Charachertstce kk 68 e Frame Characteristics cccccccccsccccseeceseeceeecseeecseeceucecsueecueeseaeecsueesaeeesaeeseaeesageess 68 System Configuration The System Configuration contains settings to configure the OFDM system The System Configuration is part of the Signal Description tab of the Demod Set tings dialog box Signal Description Demadulation Control System Configuration Manual Configuration Generate Co
8. File Edit Settings Help M Step by Step Get a hint General Information 1 2 4 5 alells e 7 Number of Carriers 64 Guard Length 16 EJ K L Ki K oe KL Number of Symbols 100 System Name MyData Repeat Steps 5 and 6 until all cells are allocated Description Number Of S M Constellation View Matrix View Legend le F Power vs Symbol x Carrier Yv Constellation E Not albcatd Polit GC Symbol Number E Carrier Number Fig 5 5 R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard 5 2 1 Overview of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard The goal of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard is to help you describe your signal It enables allocation of pilot symbols and data symbols with a chosen modulation After you have allocated all your cells the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard can export an xm1 file that can later be loaded as configuration file into the R amp S FS K96 Software User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 83 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format The GUI of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard consists of five main areas 1 Step by Step The step by step bar guides the user through the necessary steps in generating a configuration file Please note that steps 5 and 6 need to be repeated until all cells are allocated 2 Constellation View The constellation diagram on the left hand side visua
9. First Steps Display of measurement settings The header table above the result displays shows information on hardware and mea surement settings The header table contains the following information Configuration Name of the loaded configuration or Manual Frequency The analyzer RF frequency Capture Length Capture length in number of samples and time Sampling Frequency System sample rate FFT Length Length of the FFT interval in number of samples CP Length Length of Cyclic prefix interval in number of samples Ref Level Reference level of the analyzer Trigger Mode Trigger condition of the analyzer Source Input source of the UO data 1 4 First Steps The First Steps contain a short measurement example to become familiar with the R amp S FS K96 The following example uses a WLAN 802 112 signal to illustrate the functionality of the software To perform the measurement you need a signal generator a spectrum or signal analyzer and a PC with the R amp S FS K96 installed on it The analyzer must be connected to the external PC via LAN or IEEE bus 1 4 1 Setting up the Generator This example requires an 802 11a or 802 11g OFDM signal with 64QAM data modula tion The figure 1 2 shows the exemplary settings of an R amp S SMU Vector signal generator nee ae ere User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 17 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 First Steps Freq a 1 000 000 000 OI GHz FEP a 6 79 dBm Le
10. Press the DISP key The R amp S FS K96 opens the Display menu Full screen and split screen The R amp S FS K96 provides two screen modes e Split screen mode The user interface contains two measurement screens or windows labeled screen A on the top and screen B on the bottom In split screen mode the software allows you to display two different measurement results e Full screen mode The user interface contains one measurement screen or window In full screen mode you can display only one measurement result The scale of the horizontal axis is the same in both modes The scale of the vertical axis is also the same but the resolution is smaller in split screen mode gt Press the Full Screen softkey or the Split Screen softkey When you change into full screen mode the software increases the size of the active screen The active screen has a label highlighted in green for example Ml gt To switch from one screen to the other use the Screen A and Screen B hotkeys SCPI command DISPlay FORMat on page 146 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect on page 147 Separate window With the Open in Separate Window function you can create a copy of the currently selected screen and display it in a new window outside the main user interface Opening the results in a separate window allows you to display more than two results at the same time Background color The background color of the software by default is black Ap
11. Signal Flow Display User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 48 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements For the synchronization blocks a bar is shown giving information about the reliability of the synchronization result If the level in the bar falls below the thresholds indicated by the horizontal line the color of the bar changes from green to yellow and finally to red When the synchronization of the block fails the complete block changes its color and all succeeding arrows change their color too For detailed information about the complete synchronization process refer to section 7 2 2 Remote command CALC FEED STAT SFLO Demodulation Report The demodulation report lists messages generated by the signal processing kernel It can give additional hints about the signal processing chain e Press the Misc Statistic softkey e Press the Report softkey Demodulation Report P3Jun 2011 11 7 11 Burst search 3 bursts found Synchronization Burst 1 CP syne metric 0 9838 CP syne fractional bin offset 0 0006261 Frame Frame sync metric 0 99972 Integer bin offset 0 Synchronisation Burst 2 CP syne metric 0 98364 CP syne fractional bin offset 0 00062685 Frame 1 Frame syne metric 0 99972 Integer bin offset 0 Synchronization Burst 3 CP syne metric 0 98348 CP syne fractional bin offset 0 00062937 Frame 1 Frame sync metric 0 99972 Integer bin offset U Pilot aided estimation o
12. This command defines the mechanical attenuation level User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 132 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Advanced Seitings This command specifies the current input mechanical attenuator The step width is 10 dB without the electronic attenuator option and the range is 0 dB to 70 dB The input attenu ation can be set in 5 dB steps between 0 dB and 75 dB with the electronic attenuator option Parameters lt Attenuation gt Note If a electronic attenuator has been installed the range increases to 75 dB and a 5 dB stepsize Range O to 70 Increment 10 RST 10 Default unit dB Example INP ATT Returns the current mechanical attenuator setting in use INPut EATT lt Attenuation gt This command defines the electronic attenuation level This command specifies the attenuation of the current input electronic input attenuator The attenuation setting can only be varied in 5 dB steps from 0 to 30 dB Other entries are rounded to the next lower integer value The electronic attenuator is switched off in the default state Parameters lt Attenuation gt Range 0 to 30 Increment 5 RST 0 Default unit dB Example INP BATT 10 Defines 10 dB of electronic attenuation INPut EATT AUTO lt State gt This command turns automatic determination of the electronic attenuation level on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT AUTO ON Turns on automatic determina
13. into e Pilot cells e Data cells e Don t Care cells e Zero cells Pilot cells contain Known values and are used for various synchronization and parameter estimation purposes Data cells contain the user data or payload of the transmission The modulation format of the data cells must be known or can be estimated in a modu lation estimation block Don t care regions are cells that aren t evaluated for EVM mea surement but contain signal power Finally zero cells contain no signal power at all Typically these are guard carriers around DC or at the edges of the carrier axis ne ee eee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 95 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM f l l i DC Carrier Guard carriers Midamble Fig 6 6 Example of an Allocation Matrix Pilot Matrix A pilot matrix contains known complex numbers in the matrix cells which are defined as pilot cells in the allocation matrix Within the analyzer the pilot matrix is correlated with the received time frequency matrix to get the frame start and the frequency offset of the received signal relative to the given allocation matrix a tnt User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 96 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM f E N Fig 6 7 Example of a Pilot Matrix Constellation Vector A constellation vector contains all possible numbers in the complex plane that belon
14. lt EVMPilot gt lt Unit dB gt lt IQO0ffset gt lt Unit dB gt lt IQGainImbalance gt lt Unit dB gt lt IQQuadratureError gt lt Unit deg gt lt Frequencymhrror gt lt Unit Hz gt lt SampleClockError gt lt Unit ppm gt lt FramePower gt lt Unit dBm gt lt CrestFactor gt lt Unit qdB gt lt Limits gt lt Example lt Limits gt lt EVMA11 Mean 40 Max 30 gt lt Limits gt gt Limit definitions which are not required may be skipped by making no entries or by delet ing the complete tag User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 33 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays Numerical results 3 Measurements and Result Displays The OFDM Vector Signal Analysis software features several measurements to examine and analyze different aspects of a signal The source of the data that is processed is either a live signal or a previously recorded signal whose characteristics have been saved to a file For more information see Select ing the Input Source In both cases you can perform a continuous or a single measurement Continuous measurements capture and analyze the signal continuously and stop only after you turn it off manually gt Press the Run Cont softkey to start and stop continuous measurements Single measurements capture and analyze the signal over a particular time span or num ber of frames The measurement stops after the
15. 126 TRIGE SEQWence LEVe EE 127 TRIGger SEQuence LEVel POWer AU TO EE 127 TRlGoert GEOuencet Eveil EsTemall 126 THRIGGEN SEQUENCE MODE EE 127 TRIGger SEQUENCE POR cae ese etn etc attics eed tthe eaten eee A sean ce anon tap wieeescienandeneoene 128 EE EE EE 134 NIE EYN ME 135 LINE E 135 CNIT TS EE 135 UNIE SAAE E 135 UNIE TAA sees pare seer E ven eves E E eee 136 S a a ae eee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 150 R amp S FS K96 K96PC List of Commands IGENZGelCOMensateCHANnel 142 DEN Se DEMO Ee 144 IGENZGelDEMod EVMG alctAVerage 136 IGENGel DEMod EVMGC alchOMalze 137 SENSE DE Mod FIR TSA erei EE AE Aaaa Rii 143 ISENSe DEMOd ele BUR E 140 IGENZGel DEMod EORMarMA krames 141 IGENZGel DEMod EORMaChNOE Gwvmbols 141 ISEN Se DE Mod ES d Ve 141 e Si LR DEMod MDE E EEN 142 PENSE IG d e 142 SENSE FREQUENCY e HEEN 124 DENSE IO DHHS STATE EE 131 SENSe IQ LPASS STATE E 131 PEN ET DEE 130 SENSE S WEep TEE 124 ISENSe VOL Tage IQ RANGE EE 125 E LE tie CN AER ET 126 se ee ee ee mn User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 151 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Index Index A EVM vs Symbol X Carrier ne 40 Group RE 44 Auto Level Track Time 59 Eege 37 Power Spectrum 39 B Power vs Carrier cc cccccccsssescseeseseeseneeseseeeeeeees 38 Power vs Symbol cccceeceseeeeee ceeeeseeeeeeeeaaeeseeeeeaes 38 Background COOP ER 28 Power vs Symbol X Carrier c ccceccececsecesersereesereerens 37 Bandwidth dB EE 56 Signal
16. 2 1 3 4 2 1 4 Demodulation Settings Preamble Symbol Characteristics The Preamble Symbol Characteristics contain settings to configure the preamble in the time domain The Preamble Symbol Characteristics are part of the Signal Description tab of the Demod Settings dialog box The Preamble Symbol Characteristics have an effect if you have turned on preamble based time synchronization Signal Description Demodulation Control Preamble Symbol Characteristics Block Length 16 Samples Frame Offset 560 Samples le a gE iai EE 68 Cie E 68 Block Length Block Length specifies the length of one data block within the repetitive preamble in number of samples Remote command CONFigure PREamble BLENgth on page 140 Frame Offset Frame Offset specifies the time offset from the preamble start to the actual frame start in number of samples Remote command CONFigure PREamble FOFFset on page 140 Frame Characteristics The Frame Characteristics contain settings to configure the OFDM frame The Frame Characteristics are part of the Signal Description tab of the Demod Set tings dialog box signal Description Demodulation Control Frame Characteristics Frame Length 100 Symbols Framo Lonh lt n eee nee eee eee nee eee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee 68 Frame Length Frame Length displays the length of the configured OFDM frame This is the maximum result length for which a configuration exist
17. 28 MHz 28MHzwoR amp SFSQB72 R amp S 28MHzwoR amp SFSQB72 B72 81 6 MHz to 326 4 MHz 0 68 x sampling rate 120 MHz with R amp S FSQ B72 with R amp S FSQ B72 R amp SFSG 400 Hz to 81 6 MHz 0 8 x sampling rate 28 MHz 28MHzwoR amp SFSQB72 R amp S 28MHzwoR amp SFSQB72 B72 R amp S FSV 100 Hz to 32 MHz 0 8 x sampling rate E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 99 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail Signal Processing a 32 MHz to 45 MHz 0 625 x sampling rate 28 MHz w o R amp S FSV B70 45 MHz to 128 MHz 0 625 x sampling rate 40 MHz with R amp S FSV B70 with R amp S FSV B70 R amp S FSVR 100 Hz to 32 MHz 0 8 x sampling rate 32 MHz to 128 MHz 0 625 x sampling rate 40 MHz 100 Hz to 200 MHz 0 8 x sampling rate 10 MHz th R amp S FSW B2 lt max bandwidth 0 8 eee Gg j max bandwidth 40 MHz with R amp S FSW B40 for sampling rate 80 MHz with R amp S FSW B80 gt max bandwidth 0 8 160 MHz with R amp S FSW B160 R amp S RTO 1 kHz to 10 GHz 0 8 x sampling rate 4 GHz 3 dB depends on the hardware config uration Alternatively to the internal filters a lowpass filter with adjustable bandwidth and slope characteristics can be applied to the input signal A window based finite impulse response filter is designed The bandwidth is defined as two times the 6 dB cutoff frequency and the filter order determines the slope characteristics Three predefined filter slopes and a manual input of the filter order are available
18. CONFigure SYMBol NGUard lt guardnum gt lt NGuard gt This command defines of the cyclic prefix length Suffix lt guardnum gt 1 2 Selects the guard interval in case of variable cyclic prefix lengths In case of constant cyclic prefix lengths the suffix is irrelevant Parameters lt NGuard gt Length of the cyclic prefix in samples RST 16 Example CONF SYMB NGU 128 Defines a guard length of 128 samples Sil User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 139 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Demodulation Control 7 9 3 Preamble Symbol Characteristics 7 10 7 10 1 CONF IGUre PRE une BL EIN QU svi cic ce sna ceseccctcncesae svcd cncseccesiennts de desuesetetedbandesseddaersavers 140 CONF IGRI EE SF FO ege ticennasteciesassesetsaioaveetednnedalemenddeaetebea chneladumnscndaneseandese 140 CONFigure PREamble BLENgth lt BlockLength gt This command defines the length of a block within a preamble symbol Parameters lt BlockLength gt RST 0 Default unit samples Example CONF PRE BLEN 32 Defines a block length of 32 samples CONFigure PREamble FOFFset lt FrameOffset gt This command defines the frame offset Parameters lt FrameOffset gt Distance from the first preamble sample to the first sample of the frame RST 0 Example CONF PRE FOFF 0 Defines a frame offset of 0 samples Thus the frame starts with the first sample of the preamble Demodulation Control General rte pate ceased e
19. CRESt MINIMUM c c cccccccccessceeceeeseceeceeeuseeceseeauseeeseeauseeesseasseeessssasseeesseasseeessneseeessss 119 PET Ch SUMMary CREST AV BRAGG EE 119 FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA MAXIMUM vasisceccsssasidscedcsnisicecccsanssssackassauseceeesssussdecedseanasseeeusd ataeed eacencaseunrend 120 FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA MiNmum retenen nenn 120 FE TCh GSUMManv EVM DAT AT AVEHRagel nnne 120 FE TCh GSUMManv EVM DI ot MANImum nenn 120 FE TCh GUMManv EVM DI ot MihNummum 120 FE TCh GSUMManv EVM DI ot AVEHaoel nena 120 PET CheSUMMary BV MALLU WAX UINA cic tiie tee tocsddnaceavecenctecien sdedesdcudetecadudinasvaleestabesdesdaiwededapsneddesteetedateeades 120 FE TOCh SGUlMM rv EVMI ALT TMlNmum 120 PFET Ch SUMMary EV MALL PAVE e E KEE 120 FETCH SUMMary FERRONMAXIMUM KEE 120 FETCH SUMMary F Ee Te e Wu Lu RE 120 FE TOChGSUMManv FERRot AVEHaoel ennnen 120 FE TCh GSUMManv GlM alance MA NImum 121 FE TCh GSUMManv GlM alance MihNmmum nnne 121 FE TCh GSUMManv GlM alancel AVEHaoel nenn 121 FE TCh GSUMManv IOOFrserMANmmum errr eee nnne 121 FE TCh GSUMManv IOOFtserMihNmmum terenne 121 FE TOCh SUMManv IOCOrse AVEHaoel neen 121 FETChH SUMMary POWer MAXIMUIN KE 121 FETCh SUMMary POWer MlNmmum rr reee neee 121 FE TCh GSUMManv POWWert AVER agoe 121 Weeer User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 149 R amp S FS K96 K96PC List of Commands FE TCh GSUMM anv OUlADerror MA Ammum trte trtreen neee 122 FE TCh SUMManv OUADerror MiNmmmum
20. EE 72 Optional KeyWOrdS c cccecccceseeseceescesceseseeresereesereers 107 EE ee 56 aramee Ss fji 108 PRCQUGIICY cnno a Aa eE 52 Sitrings cscecscsececeescescececcecsaecesesaceaesscatsarscesseaeseeacees 110 EE EE 28 SUPFIXCS oooooooooooooooooooo ooo ooo ooo 107 Remote Control 105 H Result summary cinusre chonceosttasaneieracsxmaneedicmsracesernsmebaneress xs 50 Hardcopy re 29 ee a S mpling Rate toss csc coceonscescenceteadicexencadshesssactdtonienentaneadees 2 Deko EE 56 SC Van EEGEN a Import and Export E 29 Settings M RI ue E e NN 63 GENEA sonita eit deat A tins 51 Manual Configuration cccccecccceeececeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeseeees 64 SS EE 60 Measurement Allocation matrix cece ceecceeecc sees caeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeseeesees 49 GEN ne WEE Automatic level detection cccccceeccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees D EENEG Capture Buffer onnnannnnnnennennnnnunnnnnrnnrrennnrrnnrrerrnene 39 Cates des Ee SH Ebbe ageseent 8 EEEE AA Software license 000 ecc eee ccceececeee ceeseeeseeeeseeesaeeeeseeeess 12 Channel Impulse RESPONSE e ccssccssesssessesssecsseeseseee A5 Source SEENEN 55 Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function Split E 28 Suffixes C ODF eene 48 Constellation Diagram cccsececseceeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeenees 46 Remote COMMANAS EE 107 E E at 46 Swap VQ ee EE 57 Constellation vs SYMDOI sssi iriser 47 Synchronization sc22aaarcaastereendtonsascudanaeadtderdensdenaddetetanceddens 70 Demodulatio
21. Instrument Settings contain settings that define the type of instrument you are using The Instrument Settings are part of the Primary tab of the General Settings dialog box Frimary Advanced Meas Instrument Settings Instrument Type Oscilloscope e ATO Input Channel CH1 e RER eege 52 RTO Mpu GIAE eec a S E seen 52 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 51 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings 4 1 1 2 General Settings Instrument Type Selects the type of instrument you are using to analyze the I Q data You can use a spectrum analyzer or oscilloscope For more information on supported instruments see chapter 2 1 Instrument Connection on page 22 Remote command CONFigure INSTrument TYPE on page 123 RTO Input Channel Selects the input channel you have applied the signal to Input channel selection is avilable for measurements with an oscilloscope Remote command CONFigure RTO CHANnel on page 123 Data Capture Settings The Data Capture Settings contain settings that describe the physical attributes of the signal to be measured The Data Capture Settings are part of the Primary tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Data Capture Settings Frequency 1 GHz Sampling Aate 20 MHz Capture Time 20 ms ENEE ee 52 BBN BE E N T scan esgn E A E E T E E T 52 Capture TMO erce EE 52 Frequency Defines the frequency of the signal you are about to measure The
22. Note that you can upgrade the license from R amp S FS K96 to R amp S FS K9Y6PC by ordering the license type R amp S FS K96U You can use the smart card together with the USB smart card reader for SIM format supplied with the software Alternatively you can insert the smart card full format in a reader that is connected to or built into your PC Note that support for problems with the smart card licensing can only be guaranteed if the supplied USB smart card reader for SIM format is used 1 With the delivery of the R amp S FSPC you got a smart card and a smart card reader Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 13 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Licensing the Software 3 Insert the smart card into the reader If the OMNIKEY label faces upward the smart card has to be inserted with the chip facedown and the angled corner facing away from the reader 4 After pushing the smart card completely inside the USB smart card reader you can use it together with the software When you insert the USB Smartcard reader into the PC the drivers will be loaded If your PC does not already have drivers installed for this reader the hardware will not be detec ted and the software will not work In this case install the required driver manually On the CD it is in the folder Install USB SmartCard Reader Driver Files named according to the pro cessor architecture OMNIKEY3x21_ x86 or OMNIKEY3x21_ x64 Deta
23. Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP FILT CHAN ON Turns on the adjustable channel filter INPut SELect lt InputType gt This remote control command specifies whether the Analog baseband Inputs Digital Baseband input RF input or File input is the currently selected signal input Note that Analog baseband input requires option R amp S FSQ B 71 Digital Baseband Input requires option R amp S FSQ B17 or R amp S FSV B17 Parameters lt InputT ype gt RF AIQ DIQ FILe RST le Example INP SEL AIQ Select analog baseband input 7 7 Advanced Settings e 2 CN 130 Anao Basepand ET 130 Digital Q ru EE 131 Advanced Level Gettmge REENEN 132 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 129 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE 7 7 1 7 7 2 Advanced Settings UO Settings GEN TON EE 130 SENSe SWAPig lt State gt This command turns a swap of the and Q branches on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example SWAP ON Turns a swap of the I and Q branches on Analog Baseband Input UPA ACE EE 130 Ire el E EE 130 PSENSOH ICD Heres TAG ER 131 SS EP ASS UAT BE 131 INPut 1Q BALanced STATe lt State gt This command turns symmetrical balanced or asymmetrical unbalanced input on and off The command is available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSQ B71 Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP IQ B
24. cceeniieinieriinisnirninienini ninien naa akanan aaa neiaa aiiai 122 FE TCh GSUMManv OUADerrort AVEHagel treener enn 122 FE TCh GSUMManv GEHRRor MA vmmum ttnn ttrsttrtreean antren trr reee ennnen 122 FE TCh GSUMManv GEHRRor MiNmum 122 FE TOChSUMManv GEHRRorl AVEHRagel AA 122 FORMAI DATA nents eee teen Cet Meee eee eee ee en ee ee ee 144 PIU A E 147 INI Rea GS ae DE 112 e Ire RO ete E 111 INPUT SUN OM ME 132 TS see RANGE i Be ca lt 1 9 Pee nee ent Neer eee E ane eee eee eee 132 Teller KEE 132 UU TW EE 133 UO Te RK EE 133 a el ea Ga ea ER EE 133 INturEI Ter CHANnel BANDwdth 128 INPut FILT er CHANINGIOR DOP ain ctccccsscccnssiensscessancdeecedcetenntasannseedeateadsnstndendtinesdeedesdenancdacenndauenssadsenddenenscess lt ess 129 INPut FILTer CHANnel STAT ccccccccccsssececesseecceeseeesseeecsasseseaueeceeaeeeesageeesauseeseaueeeseaecessaeeeesaueeessaaeess 129 dE ie gel STATE Ue E 134 INPUTIG BALapced to 7 1 KEE 130 USM ele ge e 130 e De e E 129 MME Mory LOAD CRG E 138 VE eier LOAD CFGOFIlE E 145 IIE TOR LOAD UAV KEE 145 MII eier TO A E ME 145 Klee NAME EE 147 MMIEMery S TORE DEMOQ E KEE 145 MMEMOry STORGIOISTA EE 146 MME ere TORS S JA TEn E EEEN E aaa 146 SENSE TRACKING LEV Clisccacccnesanancecensasaneballeananecbeunancneceishaudsndtaandacetuanacane snanansmensdesdeanevolsetnenecbeusaacnecsianseaanaea 143 SENSE TRACKING GE 143 SENSE TRACKING H TE 143 TRACE KE 124 TRACE DAT KEE 118 TRIGge SEQUENCE HOLDO ET
25. contains several elements 1 Press SETUP key 2 Select Instrument as the data source gt Data Source softkey 3 Press Configure Instrument Connection The software opens the corresponding dialog to configure the connection O User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 22 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration Instrument Connection Interface Type Number GPIB Address Subsyshem GPIB fi ll 20 INSTR YISA RSC GFIB 20 Test Connection Blees Interface Type Selects the type of interface you want to use You have to connect the analyzer or oscil loscope via LAN interface or the IEEE bus GPIB Number Selects the number of the interface if the PC has more than one interfaces e g several LAN cards Address Defines the address of the instrument The type of content depends on the interface type e GPIB Address Primary GPIB address of the analyzer Possible values are in the range from 0 to 31 The default GPIB address for an R amp S instruments is 20 Available for IEEE bus systems using the IEEE 488 protocol The interface type is GPIB e IP Address or Computer Name Name or host address TCP IP of the computer Available for LAN bus systems using either the VXI 11 protocol or a Rohde amp Schwarz specific protocol RSIB The interface type is either LAN VXI 11 or LAN RSIB Contact your local IT support for information on free IP addresses The RSIB protocol is supported by all firmware version
26. current measurement status Report Shows a detailed list of the demodulation steps Allocation Matrix Shows a graphical representation of the allocation matrix i e structure matrix defined in the configuration file S a a a a User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 36 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements 3 3 IQ Measurements This section contains a detailed description of the measurements Power TEE IS isa cvecsiescacdcancdiasciiendcewdviaucasstenevavaausedvnersdusecuusine awbueantienduuemecadenns 37 EVM Meesurermernge sek NEEN REESEN ENNER NENNEN 40 e Channel Measurement ccccccccceccecceccececeeceeceeeeeeuseueeeeeeeeeeeeeueeeeeseueeeeuueesaueeuaenaes 44 e Constellation Meaeurements 45 e Statistics and Miscellaneous Measuremente 47 3 3 1 Power Measurements Power vs Symbol aa nc seen dodemereapsntnnpndcenagedbudad uduninndatawdawadusuntamensbawivdnaveosnesdcews 37 Power vs GEES een 38 Fowey Sym ME 38 Bea lea E 39 E EEN 39 eeben 40 Power vs Symbol x Carrier The Power vs Symbol x Carrier display shows the power of each carrier in each symbol of the received signal frames in dBm The resolution bandwidth of the measurement filter is the carrier spacing e Press the Power softkey e Press the Power vs Sym x Carrier softkey Power Ys Symbol x Carner Fig 3 1 Power vs Symbol x Carrier Display The power is measured with a resolution bandwidth that equals the ca
27. frequency domain In the manual configuration mode without a configuration file the parameter estimation is forcefully switched off If a configuration file is loaded Pilot Aided synchronization or Pilot And Data Aided synchronization can be selected Pilot Aided synchronization uses only the predefined pilot cells as reference signal The Pilot And Data Aided synchroni zation uses both pilots and decided data cells for an additional synchronization step Remote command SENSe DEMod FSYNc on page 141 Modulation Detection Modulation Detection specifies the operation mode of the automatic modulation detec tion for the data cells If Configuration File is selected the modulation matrix within the system configuration file is evaluated The symbolwise modulation detection determines a common modulation format for all data cells within one OFDM symbol The carrierwise modulation detection determines a common modulation format for all data cells within one OFDM carrier Remote command SENSe DEMod MDETect on page 142 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 70 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings 4 2 2 3 Demodulation Settings Compensation Settings The Compensation Settings contain settings to control error compensation for the EVM measurement The Compensation Settings are part of the Demodulation Control tab of the Demod Settings dialog box Signal Description Uemodulation Control Compensation Settings Ph
28. frequency range depends on the instrument you are using Remote command SENSe FREQuency CENTer on page 124 Sampling Rate Defines the system sampling rate of the signal you are about to measure The sampling rate range depends on the instrument you are using Remote command TRACe IQ SRATe on page 124 Capture Time Defines the amount of data that is captured with one sweep and stored in the capture buffer E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 52 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings _ 4 1 1 3 General Settings The capture time range depends on the instrument you are using Remote command SENSe SWEep TIME on page 124 Level Settings The Level Settings contain general settings to define the power leveling of the R amp S analyzer The Level Settings are part of the Primary tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Level Settings Reference Level y 0 dEm Ext Attenuation 0 dE re E EE 53 Reference Level Signal Peak Level 53 External Aftenuaton 54 Auto Level Turns automatic determination of the reference level or signal peak level on and off If on the R amp S FS K96 performs a measurement to determine the ideal level for the signal currently applied This measurement is performed prior to each actual measurement Note that the auto level measurements results in slightly increased measurement time The length of the measurement is determined by the Auto Level Tra
29. number of OFDM frames that are to be generated The signal always starts with the first symbol of one frame Both bursted and continuous signals require that the data source is specified Data Source Can be set to Random or As Loaded If it is set to Random new random data is loaded for the data symbols if refresh is clicked If it is set to As Loaded the signal generation function maintains the data symbols that have been initially loaded These data symbols can come from an original signal that has been loaded into the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Generator and where all the cells have been allocated Use the Save Signal button to generate the OFDM signal and save it to file Be aware that the I Q data is stored with an oversampling of one In the case you want to play the signal with an R amp S Signal Generator it is recommended to upsample it in Matlab Please refer to chapter 5 1 2 2 I Q data files for R amp S Signal Generators wv file mat2wv m on page 80 for details on the required UO data format User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 91 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM 6 Measurements in Detail This section provides a detailed explanation of the measurements provided by the OFDM VSA and provides help to measure the characteristics of specific types of DUT 6 1 General Information on OFDM 6 1 1 OFDMA In an OFDM system the available spectrum is divided int
30. r a A AEE oxmawnd eames ences 143 Leer ebe TT 143 SENSe e eent EE 143 SENSe COMPensate CHANnel lt State gt This command turns compensation for the estimated channel transfer function on and off Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example COMP CHAN ON Turns on channel compensation Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 142 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Demodulation Control SENSe TRACking LEVel lt State gt This command turns tracking of the power level on and off Note The syntax element SENSe is not optional for this command Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example SENS TRAC LEV ON Turns on power level tracking SENSe TRACking PHASe lt State gt This command turns phase tracking on and off Note The syntax element SENSe is not optional for this command Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example SENS TRAC PHAS ON Turns on phase tracking SENSe TRACking TIME lt State gt This command turns tracking of the sample clock deviation on and off Note The syntax element SENSe is not optional for this command Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example SENS TRAC TIME ON Turns on tracking of sample clock deviations 7 10 4 Advanced Settings ke Fe EE 143 ISENSelDEMod COFF SEl asirin ia eae AaS Lareina 144 SENSe DEMod FFTShift lt FFTShift gt This command defines an offset for the FFT start sample in the guard i
31. softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens the General Settings dialog box Frima Advanced Meas Instrument Settings Instrument Type Spectrum Analyzer sl ATO Input Channel CH1 Data Capture Settings Frequency 1 GHz Sampling Rate 20 MHz Capture Time D mg Level Settings Reference Level Auto Level M 0 00 d m Ext Attenuation 0 E Select the Primary tab Select Spectrum Analyzer as the instrument type 2 3 4 Enter the required frequency to measure in the Frequency field 5 Enter the 802 11a sample rate of 20 MHZ in the Sampling Rate field 6 Enter a capture length of 5 ms in the Capture Time field All other settings can remain as they are for this example 1 4 2 2 Demodulation Setup 1 Press the Demod Settings softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens the Demodulation Settings dialog box 2 Select the Signal Description tab 3 Press the button to load a configuration file The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to select the configuration file User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 19 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 First Steps Ref Level signal Description Demodulation Control Trigger Mode System Configuration Source Manual Configuration Generate Configuration File Configuration File gt Please select configuration file See OFDM ve CONFIGURATIONS Organize New folder vr Favorites _ Name Mi Desktop _ D
32. starts with the ramp of the first burst Gap Length Specifies how many idle symbols are supposed to be between adjacent bursts Burst Length Specifies the length of one single burst If the burst length is set to auto matic it will coincide with the length of one frame in the configuration file If the burst length is shorter than the frame length the last symbols of the frame will be ignored for Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 90 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format signal generation If the burst length is to be larger then the frame length it is recom mended to specify a so called repetition range Repetition Range The repetition range can only be set if the burst length is larger than the specified frame length In this case the signal to be generated contains more data symbols then specified in the configuration file If the repetition range is set to automatic it will start with the first data symbol and end with the last symbol of the frame This functionality is especially important for signals that start with a preamble e g WLAN Please refer to figure 5 12 and figure 5 13 for an example Proambic Pay fed Pat Fie petition Recvoibpn Hang Range Skari Fig 5 12 Original Signal Prinaritike Fig 5 13 Signal to Be Generated Burst Length is 13 symbols For a continuous signal only one parameter needs to be set Number of Frames Specifies the
33. the frequency of the input signal Parameters lt Frequency gt RST 1 GHz Default unit Hz Example SENS FREQ CENT 1 2GHZ Defines a frequency of 1 2 GHz SENSe SWEep TIME lt CaptureTime gt This command defines the capture time for the input signal Parameters lt CaptureTime gt RST 20 ms Default unit s Example SWEep TIME 20ms Defines a capture time of 20 ms TRACe IQ SRATe lt SampleRate gt This command defines the sample rate for UO measurements Parameters lt SampleRate gt Default unit Hz Example TRAC IQ SRAT 16MHz Specifies a sample rate of 16 MHz Level Settings CONFigure POWer AUTO EE 124 DiSbiavtWlkNDowenslTRACests2TSCALelRLEVe RE 125 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OF FSet ceccesccereeceeeceeseeereeseereees 125 IGENZetvOL Tage lORANGe 125 SENSE VOLT BGG Ate NEE 126 CONFigure POWer AUTO lt State gt This command turns the automatic power level routine on and off Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 124 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Primary Settings Parameters lt State gt ON OFF ONCE OFF Power level determination is off ON The ideal power level is determined at the start of each sweep ONCE The ideal power level is determined once and immediately regard less of the current overall state of the auto level routine RST ON Example CONF POW AUTO ON Turns on the automatic level routine DISPlay WIN
34. the max magnitude False The signal is not normal ized The maximum magnitude of the signal shall not exceed 1 0 Examples vicSignal ofdmsys generator example mat 2 0 mat2wv vfcSignal example wv 11 2e6 True Afterwards the signal can be loaded into the arbitrary waveform generator P Arbitrary WaveformModulation A State Set To Default Clock liternal Fig 5 1 Arbitrary Waveform Generator of R amp S SMU200A 5 2 XML Configuration File Format The OFDM configuration can be stored in an xm1 format which contains all the nec essary information about the OFDM signal e g number of carriers used modulations pilot symbol positions etc In order to generate such a configuration file Rohde amp Schwarz provides the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard Provided that you already have a signal that you want to mea sure you can do a coarse timing synchronization of your signal Using this sample signal the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard helps you to extract the necessary OFDM system parameters First capture the signal you want to measure and then go to MAIN DEMOD SET TINGS and select the System Description tab Then click on Generate Configuration File Demodulation Settings E BI signal Description Dermodulation Control System Configuration Gier ion Jk G mo Configuration File Configuration File SC User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 81 R amp
35. transmission of large amounts of data The ASCII character introduces the data block The next number indicates how many of the following digits describe the length of the data block In the example the 4 following digits indicate the length to be 5168 bytes The data bytes follow During the transmission of these data bytes all end or other control signs are ignored until all bytes are transmitted 0 specifies a data block of indefinite length The use of the indefinite format requires a NL END message to terminate the data block This format is useful when the length of the transmission is not known or if speed or other considerations prevent segmentation of the data into blocks of definite length Common Commands Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 110 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Measurements RST RESET sets the R amp S FS K96 Software and the connected instrument to a defined default status The command essentially corresponds to pressing the PRESET key The default setting is indicated in the description of the commands Example ROT Resets the FS K96 Software and the connected instrument Usage Event IDN lt arg0 gt IDN lt arg0 gt IDENTIFICATION QUERY queries the OFDM VSA identification Parameters lt arg0 gt Example ALDN Returns Rohde amp Schwarz K96 000000 000 Version x x Usage Query only 7 4 Measurements e Measurement CI EN 111 Measurement Gelechon nne 112 6 Grap
36. use of the RF input analog baseband signals can be digitized directly R amp S FSQ B71 Additionally a digital I Q interface R amp S FSQ B17 or R amp S FSV B17 is available to analyze digital baseband signals without having to make use of analog com ponents The block diagrams in figure 6 11 shows the R amp S FSQ analyzer hardware from the IF section to the processor running the OFDM VSA downlink measurement Sampling 4 Msam ple R amp S FSG IF Filter Clock 16 Msample R amp S FSQ 50 20 10 81 6 MHz 235 Msample R amp S FSQ B100 3 1 0 3 MHz Digital Down Converter 705 Msample R amp S FSQ B102 IF 20 4 MHz IF 81 6 MHz R amp S FSQ B72 TEE EEN Halfband Filter Decimation Filter Processor Resampling IF o 408 MHz j P downsamplin decimation b vee Sampling factor e 3 24n 120 MHz Clock sampling rate 326 4 MHZ 81 6 MHz 326 4 MHz LO i to 400 Hz 326 4 MHz Fig 6 11 Data Capturing Mechanism of the R amp S FSQ Channel Filter The FS K96 can use the internal channel filter of the instrument or apply an adjustable lowpass filter The table 6 1 lists the filter bandwidths of the internal channel filter which are fully equalized within the digital hardware Table 6 1 Internal analyzer bandwidth depending on the target sampling rate SS sampling rate bandwidth max bandwidth R amp S FSQ 400 Hz 10 81 6 MHz 400 Hz 10 81 6 MHz to 81 6 MHz 0 8 x 0 8 x sampling rate rate
37. wih the Maal Sebected components bulon Fri al Wry iia paetessa bo install A Gvrtual iInstrurnent Gpfeare Architecture to actress msinuments connetied In pe PC via IEEE or LAN bus Piegse we he National nsinnents SA e The Sational F kurmgnt YISA diver CD is supplied osber wih ihe RAS FSPC You can 4 Tew ALOE jo gel ie issi eran Ku pour Operas Eesen 1 Check for NET Framework installation 2 Install NET Framework 3 Install other required components MATLAB etc 4 Install VISA Installing software components 1 Click on the R amp S Framework Installer link in the main window of the browser tool The browser tool opens a dialog box that contains an overview of the required com ponents It also shows if you have to install them or not Rolde amp Scheaarz OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software Framework Installer Version 3 2 KE x instal Component Flequired Veesion retten State gedeeft I lege MR Merosot Visus C Runie Lieam 2005 GP a6 MPC Security Update C Wokumente u mira Zwee E MATLAB Component Runtime 20086 32bit Version 7 9 Runtime W7 E u iie inetated here E MATLAB MET Interfacing EEN Z bt Meson 7 9 Auntime F 11 Later installed by ES inglase Later male installed here TO intel iPP Lii 41 CMiokumerteu hte Ae Detected we P vsa JANY Hot avaiable Click hese to E Port Magper flor Remote Control 283 C Wokumerte u bier Zuse Status Rue eessen EE a Ex
38. 0331 02 05 92 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM mT Im 1 time a mN 0 a mN 1 a mN 2 frequency Fig 6 2 OFDM useful symbol generation using an IFFT The vector s is defined as the useful OFDM symbol It is the time superposition of the N narrowband modulated subcarriers Therefore from a parallel stream of N sources of data each one independently modulated a waveform composed of N orthogonal sub carriers is obtained with each subcarrier having the shape of a frequency sinc function see figure 6 1 figure 6 3 illustrates the mapping from a serial stream of QAM symbols to N parallel streams used as frequency domain bins for the IFFT The N point time domain blocks obtained from the IFFT are then serialized to create a time domain signal Not shown in figure 6 3 is the process of cyclic prefix insertion Useful OFDM y symbols LAM symbolrate MNT symbols sec Source eae Modulator Fig 6 3 OFDM Signal Generation Chain 6 1 2 OFDM Parameterization A generic OFDM analyzer supports various OFDM standards Therefore a common parameterization of OFDM systems has to be defined 6 1 2 1 Time Domain Description The fundamental unit of an OFDM signal in time domain is a Sample An OFDM Symbol with a length of Ns samples consists of a Guard Interval of length Ng and an FFT Interval of length NGC Sis User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 93 R
39. 1 zertifiziert Der Umwelt verpflichtet Energie effiziente RoHS konforme Produkte Kontinuierliche Weiterentwicklung nachhaltiger Umweltkonzepte 1 ISO 14001 zertifiziertes Umweltmanagementsystem Dear customer You have decided to buy a Rohde amp Schwarz product This product has been manufactured using the most advanced meth ods It was developed manufac tured and tested in compliance with our quality management and environmental manage ment systems Rohde amp Schwarz has been certified for exam ple according to the ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 management systems Environmental commitment Energy efficient products Continuous improvement in environmental sustainability 1 ISO 14001 certified environmental management system Certified Quality System ISO 9001 Certified Environmental System ISO 14001 Cher client Vous avez choisi d acheter un produit Rohde amp Schwarz Vous disposez donc d un produit fabriqu d apr s les m thodes les plus avanc es Le d velop pement la fabrication et les tests de ce produit ont t effec tu s selon nos syst mes de management de qualit et de management environnemental La soci t Rohde amp Schwarz a t homologu e entre autres conform ment aux syst mes de management ISO 9001 et ISO 14001 Engagement cologique 1 Produits a efficience nerg tique Am lioration continue de la durabilit environnementale Syst m
40. 2 05 121 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 9 Instrument Connection FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MINimum FETCh SUMMary QUADerror AVERage This command queries the Quadrature Error result Parameters lt QuadratureError gt Quadrature error in degree Example FETC SUMM QUAD Returns average Quadrature Error Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary SERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary SERRor AVERage This command queries the Sample Clock Error result Parameters lt SampleClockError gt Sample clock error in ppm Example FETC SUMM SERR Returns average sample clock error in ppm Usage Query only Instrument Connection ON OURS De aE Eege SES 122 CONFigure ADDRess lt analyzer gt lt Address gt This command defines the network address of measurement equipment Parameters lt Address gt String containing the address of the analyzer Connections are possible via TCP IP or GPIB Depending on the type of connection the string has the following syntax GPIB board lt PrimaryAddress gt lt SecondaryAddress INSTR TCPIP board lt HostAddress gt lt LANDevice gt INSTR Example CONF ADDR TCPIP 192 168 0 1 Defines a TCP IP connection CONF ADDR GPIB 28 Defines a GPIB connection E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 122 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Primary Settings 7 6 Primary Settings air
41. 31 4 1 2 3 Digital UO Settings The Digital UO Settings contain settings to configure the digital UO input source The Digital UO Settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Digital 1 Q Settings Input Sampling Hate 81 6 MHz Full Scale Voltage IV Digital Input Sampling Hate 58 F l oScals e EG 59 Digital Input Sampling Rate Defines the data sample rate at the digital baseband input Available for spectrum analyzers with a digital UO input R amp S FSQ B17 or FSV B17 Remote command INPut DIQ SRATe on page 132 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 58 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings EE 4 1 2 4 General Settings Full Scale Voltage Defines the voltage corresponding to the maximum input value of the digital baseband input Available for spectrum analyzers with a digital UO input R amp S FSQ B17 or FSV B17 Remote command INPut DIQ RANGe UPPer on page 132 Advanced Level Settings The Advanced Level Settings contain settings to define the leveling of the R amp S analyzer The Level Settings Advanced are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Level Settings Advanced Auto Level Track Time 100 ms DE Attenuation 10 dB El Attenuation Manual e OFF 008 YIG Filter OFF Auto Level Track HI EE 59 Zack nr Le EE 59 SANs gee EE 59 det le 60 Auto Level Track Time Aut
42. 4 2 one Slot that consists of the two ranges that can be defined in this dialog is repeated over and over until the number of symbols specified by the result range parameter is reached e g LTE slot RES Range 1 Range 1 Range 1 eee Fig 4 2 Non Conventional Cyclic Prefix Case Periodic Mode Symbols Samples e Number of Symbols Range 1 1 Specifies the length of the first range in symbols e First Cyclic Prefix Length 2 Specifies the length of the first cyclic prefix in samples e Number of Symbols Range 2 3 Specifies the length of the second range in symbols e Second Cyclic Prefix Length 4 Specifies the length of the second cyclic prefix in samples In the non periodic case see figure 4 3 a fixed preamble has a different cyclic prefix length than the rest of the frame e g 802 11ac In this case the length of the second range is extended till the end of the demodulated frame Therefore the length of the second range cannot be specified in this case Fig 4 3 Non Conventional Cyclic Prefix Case Non Periodic Mode Remote command Cyclic prefix mode CONFigure SYMBol GUARd MODE on page 138 Periodic cyclic prefix CONFigure SYMBol GUARd PERiodic on page 139 Number of symbols CONFigure SYMBol GUARd lt guardnum gt NSYMbols on page 138 Cyclic prefix length CONFigure SYMBol NGUard lt guardnum gt on page 139 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 67 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings 4
43. 6PC System Configuration File EEE ESE XML Configuration File Format used at the very beginning of the frame and at certain carriers From this information you can conclude that these symbols are probably pilot symbols Constellation l Symbol Number Carrier Number Fig 5 9 Selection of the BPSK Symbols with the Mouse Hence you can select BPSK constellation markers and allocate these cells as pilot sym bols If you have worked with the WLAN sample signal you will now have very few cells left for allocation Go back to step 5 select all residual cells with the mouse in the Constel lation View and allocate these cells as Don t Care symbols step 6 For Don t Care symbol no EVM will be calculated in the R amp S FS K96 Software The R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard will now prompt that you have allocated all your cells Saving the Configuration File Step 7 Click on the Save icon Choose a filename for your configuration file and save your file If you have started the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard directly from the R amp S FS K96 Software the software will ask you whether you want to immediately import your newly generated configuration file into the R amp S FS K96 Software The R amp S FS K96 Software will then do an automatic refresh Boosting In the case that you do not find a constellation marker type that matches the constellation points step 5 you may try to use the boos
44. 9 EVM vs Symbol Display You can display the EVM vs symbol for a particular carrier with the EVM Selection function Remote command CALC FEED EVM EVSY TRACe DATA Error Freq Phase The Error Frequency display shows the frequency deviations in Hz versus time The Error Phase display shows the phase deviations in Degree versus time The evaluation length of this measurement can be set in the measurement setup menu see chapter 4 1 3 Measurement Settings on page 60 e Press the EVM softkey e Press the Error Freq Phase softkey Repeated pressing of the softkey toggles between Frequency and Phase Error EE User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 42 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements Frequency Settling Error Samples 4900 Maximum 5140 0 Hz 39 563 us Minimum 11179 0 Hz 9 50 475 us Ta SS 5 Lu cy D Si Ji LL Phase Settling Error Samples 4800 Maximum Phase Error Fig 3 11 Phase Error All analyzed frames are concatenated in time direction with blue lines marking the frame borders Remote command CALC FEED EVM FERR CALC FEED EVM PERR TRACe DATA EVM Selection Opens a dialog box to filter the results that are displayed in the EVM vs Symbol and EVM vs Carrier result displays E M Selection E x Symbol BR Carrier All Be Fig 3 12 EVM Evaluation Filter panel Note that if you use several screens it is not possible to have
45. AL ON Selects a symmetrical balanced UO input INPut IQ IMPedance lt Impedance gt This command selects the input impedance The command is available for oscilloscopes and spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSQ B71 aaa User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 130 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 7 3 Advanced Settings Parameters lt Impedance gt HIGH Selects high impedance Depending on the type of instrument this is either 1 KQ spectrum analyzers or 1 MQ oscilloscopes LOW Selects low impedance Low impedance is 50 Q for both spectrum analyzers and oscillo scopes RST LOW Example INP I1Q IMP LOW Selects a low input impedance SENSe 1Q DITHer STATe lt State gt This command turns the dithering signal on and off The dithering signal is located at 42 67 MHz has a bandwidth of 2 MHz and is fed into the signal path of the baseband input The command is available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSQ B71 Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example IQ DITH ON Turns on the dithering signal SENSe 1Q LPASs STATe lt State gt This command turns a 36 MHz lowpass filter on and off The command is available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSQ B71 Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON 1V Example TQ LPAS ON Turns on the lowpass filter Digital UO Input INPut DIQ RANGe UPPer
46. As the WLAN signal is a burst signal you can assume that one frame is defined by one burst Therefore you can also skip step 2 and proceed straight to step 3 Repeat Steps 5 and 6 until all cells are allocated Synchronization of the Signal Step 3 Click on the Synchronization icon and subsequently on the Auto button of the shown dialog The signal will automatically synchronize 4 Manual Synchronization Gd 7 Ioj x Manual Synchronization Timing a Frequency D Phase D In the case that you work with a signal where the automatic synchronization fails try to use the sliders to get a clear view of the constellation diagram Constellation Imag dats Fig 5 6 Example of a constellation diagram for a synchronized WLAN signal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 85 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File EE EES SE XML Configuration File Format Gain Adjustment Step 4 Click on the Gain Adjustment icon The following dialog will be shown 4 Gain Adjustment SS III x Selection of Reference Constellation Radius Gain Adjustment Gain The goal of this step is to provide an overall scaling estimation for your signal First you have to decide on a reference constellation By reference constellation we refer to a constellation that occurs in several cells of your signal It is recommended to decide on the constellation that occurs in most cells You can easily find
47. BUF Capture Buffer POW PSPE Power Spectrum EVM EVSC EVM vs Symbol X Carrier EVM EVCA EVM vs Carrier EVM EVSY EVM vs Symbol EVM FERR Frequency Error EVM PERR Phase Error CHAN FLAT Channel Flatness CHAN GDEL Group Delay CHAN IRES Impulse Response CONS CONS Constellation Diagram CONS CVCA Constellation vs Carrier CONS CVSY Constellation vs Symbol STAT CCDF CCDF STAT SFLO Signal Flow Example CALC2 FEED POW CBUF Selects the Capture Buffer result display for screen B ne ee o eae User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 112 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control E Measurements DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TABLe lt State gt This command turns the result summary on and off Parameters lt State gt RST OFF Example DISP WIND1 TABL ON Turns on the result summary 7 4 3 Graphical Results e Using the TRACe DATA Commande 113 7 4 3 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command This chapter contains information on the TRACe DATA command and a detailed descrip tion of the characteristics of that command The TRACe DATA command queries the trace data or results of the currently active measurement or result display The type number and structure of the return values are specific for each result display In case of results that have any kind of unit the command returns the results in the unit you have currently set for that result display For several result
48. Carrier1 gt lt F1 SymbO Carrier n gt lt F1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt F1 Symb1 Carrier n gt lt F n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt F n Symb n Carrier n gt With F frame and Symb symbol of that subframe The unit depends on UNIT EVM User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 116 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Measurements The following parameters are supported e TRACE Returns the EVM over all carriers Frequency Error For the Frequency Error result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt frequency error gt The unit is always Hz The following parameters are supported e TRACE Phase Error For the Phase Error result display the command returns one value for each OFDM sym bol that has been analyzed lt phase error gt The unit is always degrees The following parameters are supported e TRACE Power vs Carrier For the Power vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each carrier that has been analyzed lt POWCLr gt gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE Returns the average power over all symbols e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all symbols e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all symbols Power Spectrum For the Power Spectrum result display the command returns one value for each trace point
49. Dow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel RF lt ReferenceLevel gt This command defines the reference level of a spectrum analyzer Parameters lt ReferenceLevel gt RST 0 dBm Default unit dBm Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV 20 Defines an instrument reference level to 20 dBm DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet lt Attenuation gt This command defines the external attenuation Parameters lt Attenuation gt External attenuation in dB Default unit dB Example DISP TRAC Y RLEV OFFS 10 Defines external attenuation of 10 dB SENSe VOLTage IQ RANGe lt Range gt This command defines the measurement range of the analog baseband input The value range depends on the input impedance The measurement range defines the measurable peak voltage positive and negative Note that this command requires option R amp S FSQ B71 Input Impedance Range of values Volt 5 dB steps Low 50 Q 0 0316 0 0562 0 1 0 178 0 316 0 562 1 1 78 3 16 5 62 High 1 KQ 0 0316 0 0562 0 1 0 178 0 316 0 562 1 1 78 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 125 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Primary Settings Parameters lt Range gt RST 1V Default unit V Example SENS VOLT 1IQ RANGE 0 1 Sets the IQ input range to 0 1 V SENSe VOLTage RTO RANGe lt Range gt This command defines the signal peak level of an oscilloscope Parameters lt Range gt Signal peak lev
50. Error Vector Magni tude EVM The Meas Settings are part of the Meas tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas EWH Normalize EWM to AMS Pilots amp Data e Frame Averaging Mean Square T Normalize EVM to Normalize EVM to specifies the OFDM cells which are averaged to get the reference magnitude for EVM normalization see chapter 6 3 1 Error Vector Magnitude EVM on page 103 for details Available values RMS Pilots amp Data RMS Data RMS Pilots Peak Pilots amp Data Peak Data Peak Pilots None Remote command SENSe DEMod EVMCalc NORMalize on page 137 Frame Averaging Frame Averaging specifies the method of averaging over multiple OFDM frames used to get the mean EVM values in the result list User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 62 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings Demodulation Settings Frame Averaging Averaged EVM over N frames Mean Square Mean square averaging is consistent with the EVM calculation within one frame How ever some standards e g 802 11a require RMS averaging Available values Mean Square RMS Remote command SENSe DEMod EVMCalc FAVerage on page 136 4 1 3 3 Error Frequency Phase The Error Frequency Phase Settings contain settings to configure frequency and phase error measurements The Error Frequency Phase settings are part of the Meas tab of the General Set tings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas
51. FS K96 K96PC Remote Control WEE File Management MMEMory LOAD CFGFile lt Path gt This command restores an OFDM configuration file For more information see chapter 5 1 Matlab Configuration File Format on page 73 and chapter 5 2 XML Configuration File Format on page 81 Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and file name Supported file types are mat and xml Example MMEM LOAD CFGF C TEMP K96Test mat Restores configuration stored in the file K96Test mat Usage Setting only MMEMory LOAD IQ STATe lt Path gt This command initiates a measurement based on UO data that has been saved to a file previously Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the file The file extension is iqw Example MMEM LOAD 10 STAT C TEMP MyCapture iqw Restores UO data from a file and initiates a measurement Usage Setting only MMEMory LOAD STATe lt Path gt This command restores settings that have been saved previously Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the file The file extension is ovsa Example MMEM LOAD STAT C TEMP K96Test ovsa Restores settings from the file K96Test ovsa Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe DEMod STATe lt Path gt This command writes the current demodulation data into a file Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the target file The file extension is mat Matlab file If a file with the n
52. GDEL TRACe DATA Channel Impulse Response The Channel Impulse Response display shows the impulse response of the channel and its position within the guard interval The start and the end of the guard interval are marked with blue lines The statistic is performed over all analyzed frames e Press the Channel softkey e Press the Impulse Response softkey Impulse Response Maximum 1 000 000 us Minimum 7 00 0 438 us e Response Les m T Je EL p O Ji m E VK Le Fig 3 14 Channel Impulse Response Display Remote command CALC FEED CHAN IRES TRACe DATA 3 3 4 Constellation Measurements cornea re EE 46 oe ele el ge EE 46 Constellation vs nu ae a ciok hasnt specie psiberncu duitna pS ox eeins ead Sadeindantan dea cad wea dieiieiudelasndotelieneaatenduins 47 Constellation Gelechon cee cccecceceecceceeececeeeueeueeuceeeueeeeueeueeeeeeseuseueueeeueuuaeeeeseueeueuueess 47 a end User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 45 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays EE UO Measurements Constellation Diagram The Constellation Diagram display shows the inphase and quadrature results over the full range of the measured input data The ideal points for the selected cell types are displayed for reference purposes e Press the Constell softkey e Inthe submenu press the Constell softkey Constellation Diagram Imaginary Part U Real Part Fig 3 15 Cons
53. ISE BIAS TIC Ki EXIT FS Ka Fig 1 3 Successful WLAN Measurement with the R amp S FS K96 ne Eee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 21 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration Instrument Connection 2 General Configuration The R amp S FS K96 allows you to configure global characteristics that are independent of measurements and do not have any effects on them Instrument a cae ese ives osc arene doen eae eae oss Sesecaewdeee eee cei 22 Software TON E 27 e Display COMTI UAT DEE 28 e Data E 29 2 1 Instrument Connection In order to be able to communicate with an analyzer R amp S FSQ R amp S FSUP R amp S FSG R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR or R amp S FSW or oscilloscope R amp S RTO family you have to connect it to a computer You can use the IEEE bus GPIB or a local area network LAN FSQ FSG FSUP FSV FSVR FSW requirement E Any e R amp S FSQ as of firmware version 4 35 e R amp S FSG as of firmware version 4 39 e R amp S FSUP as of firmware version 4 37 e R amp S FSV as of firmware version 1 10 e R amp S FSVR as of firmware version 1 51 e R amp S FSW e R amp S RTO as of firmware version 1 47 2 x can be used e Instrument Connection Copnfguraton ENEE ER Figuring Out Tal E 24 2 1 1 Instrument Connection Configuration The Instrument Connection Configuration dialog box contains functionality that is nec essary to successfully establish a connection in a network of analyzers The dialog box
54. M on page 135 Impulse Response Selects the unit for channel impulse results e Linear Displays the channel impulse results in a linear scale e dB Displays the channel impulse results in a logarithmic scale in dB Remote command UNIT IRES on page 135 Symbol Axes Selects the scale of time axes representing symbols e Symbol Number Displays the time in terms of symbols e Seconds Displays the time in seconds Remote command UNIT SAXes on page 135 Carrier Axes Selects the scale of frequency axes representing carrier numbers e Carrier Number Displays the frequency in terms of the carrier number e Hertz Displays the frequency in Hertz Remote command UNIT CAXes on page 134 a cal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 61 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings BEEN General Settings Time Axes Selects the scale of general time axes e Seconds Displays the time in seconds e Sample Time Displays the time in terms of the sample time e Symbol Time Displays the time in terms of the symbol time Remote command UNIT TAXes on page 136 Frequency Axes Selects the scale of general frequency axes ge Hertz Displays the frequency in Hertz e Sample Rate Displays the frequency in terms of the sample rate e Subcarrier Spacing Displays the frequency in terms of the subcarrier spacing Remote command UNIT FAXes on page 135 4 1 3 2 EVM The EVM settings contain settings to define the calculation of the
55. Measurement Au 101 Measurement Result Definitions cceeccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseeeeeeeeenesseeneenees 103 Error Vector Magnitude CVM 103 H ieef Weu 104 Remote CONE e cisratiastenacsaatumatacetinataancesanstavancscteustuestaustaxebaaatenstoestans 105 Klee ah dE TT nnn ene eee Ee eee nee ne eee a ere ee rr 105 Idee e Te CO ME 106 Long and Short OVA NEE 107 Klfleu Ziler 107 Bee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 4 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Contents fA Optional IRC WOU E 107 1 2 4 Alternative KEY WON OS EN 108 E Ee PARA Cl G eae A A E EA E EEES EEA ENTREN ENEA EESE 108 Ted C mmon ele En ssassn Nna Er ENEE EEE 110 DA SAS E E 111 7 4 1 Measurement Control ENEE NENNEN 111 7 4 2 Measurement Selection cccccccccssecccssscecsesececesecesseeececeeecessaseessesecetegesenseesenseeseess 112 4 3 Graphical TEE 113 TAA Nu umencal ING SUNG E 119 7 5 instrument Connection ss ssssssssssesunsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnnm nnna 122 TO PRIMARY SOUS TE 123 L61 Insrument ne EE 123 16 2 Data eet EU 123 FOS EC VSN SOU NG EE 124 TO Trigger Ss CMC CN 126 F EE in en ln Le E 128 Tf Advanced SSMU S siros aE 129 L Gas Fame ug re EE 130 7 7 2 Analog Baseband Input 130 Lho gel Ne Ne e 131 7 7 4 Advanced Level Get ngs A 132 7 8 Measurement SettingS ccccccccsseeesseeseseeeeesseeeeeeeesseneeseeneeeeeneeeeeneseeneessneessaneesoaes 134 n WR Bn e e onic se EAE E seas
56. NET Framework NET Framework 2 0 or higher is required to run both the browser tool and the software If opening the browser tool results in an error message install the NET Framework The NET Framework installer is available on the R amp S FS K96 CD ROM It is also part of the download package available on the R amp S FS K96 product homepage gt Start the dotnetfx exe and follow the instructions of the installer gt Start the AutoRun exe The R amp S FS K96 opens the browser tool The browser tool provides several tabs Each one contains different information about the software see number 2 to 5 in the picture below gt Navigate to the Installation tab a ae ee ee en anal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 7 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Installing the Software e 9 PROECTFCS WS oRcrcaboton CDvcortertienad comomrerectime E Se ut G i Corps aasre Required Components TnmebspFG kK p OF Did Merion Signal Araig Gufbwsep meets gome additonal potare componen to mn poper Faire re glep Felge inet zeen Mic ssa MET F amewonk Version 20 Aai Check tor MET rzlabearesen T ferian bo tells wou fhe HET kresngenotk is installed or mot bate i phie ET ia ngi ingialed start Fe MET Erangeumk ingta ler ve ard Toig the mzlnc ons ne aiig ep pl pe s Gyi ihe instalation of al quired compune by using he RES Framer rzlaber een A dwog bp list all required components Check the instalation State
57. R amp S FS K96 K96PC OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software User Manual AARTI mE Signal Flow 1310 0331 02 05 ROHDE amp SCHWARZ Test amp Measurement User Manual This manual contains the documentation for the following products e R amp S FS K96 1310 0202 06 e R amp S FS K9I6PC 1310 0219 06 e R amp S FSPC 1310 0002 03 The contents correspond to software version 3 4 and higher The firmware of the instrument makes use of several valuable open source software packages For information see the Open Source Acknowledgement on the user documentation CD ROM included in delivery Rohde amp Schwarz would like to thank the open source community for their valuable contribution to embedded computing 2013 Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Muhldorfstr 15 81671 Munchen Germany Phone 49 89 41 29 0 Fax 49 89 41 29 12 164 E mail info rohde schwarz com Internet www rohde schwarz com Printed in Germany Subject to change Data without tolerance limits is not binding R amp S is a registered trademark of Rohde amp Schwarz GmbH amp Co KG Trade names are trademarks of the owners The following abbreviations are used throughout this manual R amp S FS K96 is abbreviated as R amp S FS K96 and R amp S FS K96 is abbre viated as R amp S FS K96 Customer Support Technical support where and when you need it For quick expert help with any Rohde amp Schwarz equipme
58. S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Display Settings Parameters lt Format gt SING Single screen mode Measurement results are displayed in a single measurement win dow SPL Split screen mode Measurement results are displayed in two measurement windows RST SPL Example DISP FORM SING Selects full screen mode DISPlay WINDow lt n gt SELect This command selects the screen in split screen mode Suffix lt n gt 1 2 Selects the screen number 1 screen A 2 screen B Example DISP WIND1 SEL Selects screen A Usage Event HCOPy IMMediate This command takes a screenshot of the current display contents The image file format is defined by MMEMory NAME on page 147 Example MMEM NAME C TEMP Screenshot bmp HCOP Writes a screenshot to C TEMP Screenshot bmp Usage Event MMEMory NAME lt Path gt This command defines the file name for screenshots taken with HCOPy IMMediate Note that you have to route the printer output to a file This command defines a destination file for the printout started with the command HCOPy IMMediate The graphic file format is determined by the file extension bmp gif jpg png or tif Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 147 Parameters lt Path gt Example Display Settings String containing the path and name of the target file The extension may be as follows omp gif jpg png tif The file extension thus also defines the ima
59. S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format The following dialog will be shown which displays all necessary settings for a burst detection and coarse timing synchronization Configuration File Generation ee E Input Settings Input Path File Data Capture Settings Frequency Sampling Rate Capture Time General Demodulation Settings Burst Search Iw Result Length OFDM Symbol Characteristics FFT Length 64 Samples 16 Samples Cyclic Preis Length me hh SW ee a Level dE rn ee Mi ro eS 1 Time rs Run Single Refresh Start R amp S FS E96 Configuration File Wizard Fig 5 2 Necessary Settings to Prepare the Data for the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard Enter the necessary settings and use the Refresh button to check whether your Time Sync is accurate Furthermore if your signal is bursted enter the correct number of sym bols per frame i e ensure that the green bar in the capture buffer preview covers the whole burst Fig 5 3 Correct User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 82 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format Fig 5 4 Incorrect Subsequently you can start the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard by clicking on the lower button It will then start preconfigured with your current signal and settings Rohde amp Schwarz FS K96 Configuration File Wizard ES O x
60. S Selects seconds as the unit of the time axis EVM SENSE DEMod EYMCale Ay SIA EEN 136 SENSE DEMOG EVMCalIG NORMANZG EE 137 SENSe DEMod EVMCalc FAVerage lt Method gt This command selects the averaging method for the mean EVM over multiple frames Parameters lt Method gt MS Mean EVM is based on squared EVM values RMS Mean EVM is directly based on the EVM values RST MS Example DEM EVMC FAV MS Selects EVM averaging based on squared EVM values Saal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 136 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 9 7 9 1 Signal Description SENSe DEMod EVMCalc NORMalize lt Method gt This command selects the normalization method for EVM results Parameters lt Method gt NONE Normalization is turned off PDAT EVM normalized to the peak value of the data cells PPD EVM normalized to the peak value of the pilot and data cells PPIL EVM normalized to the peak value of the pilot cells RMSDAT EVM values normalized to the RMS value of the data cells RMSPD EVM values normalized to the RMS value of the pilot and data cells RMSPIL EVM values normalized to the RMS value of the pilot cells RST RMSPD Example DEM EVMC NORM RMSDAT Selects normalization to the RMS value of the data cells Signal Description see EN 137 e OFDM ya CSS passin cis ce tes drtadinreatvtawacntaimedeededagtandeaauaieeiddnesnteenaeneduane 138 e Preamble Symbol Characteristics ccccc
61. S test solution for signal generation and analysis of generic OFDM signals The R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard offers the possibility to generate an ideal OFDM signal based on a loaded xml configuration file or based on the allocation of a loaded input signal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 89 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File i ______ _______ ____ ____ XML Configuration File Format Start the signal generation over the file menu and choose Generate Test Signal Edit Settings Help New KI Import Data From R amp S F5 K96 Load Configuration File bel Save Configuration File Generate Test Signal Exit Fig 5 10 File Menu of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard For an example WLAN signal the dialog could then look like displayed in figure 5 11 Generate Test Signal Co JD x Signal Characteristics Ge Bursted C Continuous Number of Bursts Number of Frames 2 0 4 Gap Lenath 2 Symbols Burst Length IW Auto Ion m Symbols Repetition Range LS Suto Start Symbol 0 Stop Symbol 33 Data Source Data Symbols s Loaded Refresh Save Signal Preview Fig 5 11 Signal Generation Dialog of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard In the dialog contains the following parameters for the generation of bursted signals Number of Bursts Specifies how many bursts are to be generated for the I Q data file The file always
62. SG opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key Press the General Setup softkey Press the Configure Network softkey Ze Press the Configure Network softkey The MS Windows Network Connections dialog box opens 5 Select the Local Area Connection item The Local Area Connection Status dialog box opens 6 Select the Support tab The Support tab shows the current TCP IP information of the R amp S FSQ User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 24 Instrument Connection l Local Area Connection Status 2 1 2 2 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSV or R amp S FSVR Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey 4 Press the GPIB Address softkey The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that shows its current GPIB address GPIB Address Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the Network Address softkey 4 Press the IP Address softkey The R amp S FSV R opens a dialog box that contains information about the LAN con nection a Current Network Parameters DHCP Mode Actual DHCP Network Settings 10 114 11 36 current IP Address assigned by DHCP 250 259 0 0 current Subnet Mask assigned by DHCP Canc
63. SetPreamble cOfdmSys 16 Special requirements The definition of a repetitive preamble is optional and not necessary if cyclic prefix synchronisation is used If the offset is zero or negative the preamble is also contained within the frame and is used for further estimation processes SAVE_CONFIG_FILE This function generates and saves a configuration file from the current system configuration to be used within R amp S FS K96 Soft ware Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 78 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File ESE SEE E 9 1 2 5 1 2 1 Matlab Configuration File Format SAVE_CONFIG_FILE This function generates and saves a configuration file from the current system configuration to be used within R amp S FS K96 Soft ware SaveConfigFile cOfdmSys example mat LOAD_CONFIG_FILE This function configures the OfdmSys object from a configuration file Ce Generate UO Data Files The following part describes how to generate iqw files data format of R amp S Signal Analyzers and how to convert these files to wv files data format for arbitrary waveform generator of R amp S Signal Generators With this description the user obtains a complete R amp S test solution for signal generation and analysis of generic OFDM signals R amp S Signal Analyzer R amp S Signal Generator a iqw file wv file In real applications the user needs very l i often a signal generator which can test the configura
64. The YIG filter is available for measurements with a spectrum analyzer Remote command INPut FILTer YIG STATe on page 134 Global Settings The Global Settings contain settings that apply to the overall measurement The Global Settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meaz Global Settings Couple Screens w EE EE 60 Couple Screens If Couple Screens is enabled the markers on the top and bottom screen which have the same unit e g frequency or symbol index are coupled Remote Not supported yet Measurement Settings The Measurement Settings contain settings to configure the way measurement results are displayed The Measurement Settings tab is part of the General Settings dialog box S D 60 EE 62 Error EE 63 Units The Units Settings contain settings to select the unit for scaling the diagram axes in various result displays The Units Settings are part of the Meas tab of the General Settings dialog box E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 60 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings General Settings Primary Advanced Meas Units EVM dE Impulse Response neg si Symbol Anes Symbol Number e Carrier Aves Carrier Number Time Axes Seconds si Frequency Anes Hetz EVM Selects the unit for EVM results Available units dB or e dB Displays EVM results in dB e Displays EVM results in Remote command UNIT EV
65. UMMary POW ell AV e KEE 121 FETCh SUMMary QUADerror MAXIMUM lt cc lt cceccscsecceeceeceeseeseecenscencaseneceseencancesesncerces 122 PE TCI SUMMaryOUA Der ror NU E 122 FE TCh SUlMManv OUADerrort AVEHRagel 122 ET i SERRor TO KE 122 PET CRS MIMaty SE Rar MIN KE 122 FEIS est SER RGA V ER eg ce deccxtensasscdeuncwadenendtewusdiensneddubuseanduncddcied eegen ee 122 FETCh SUMMary CRESt MAXimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt MINimum FETCh SUMMary CRESt AVERage This command queries the Crest Factor result Parameters lt CrestFactor gt Crest factor in dB Example FETC SUMM CRES Returns Crest Factor in dB Usage Query only R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Measurements FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM ALL AVERage This command returns the EVM over all data and pilot cells in the analyzed frame The unit depends on UNIT EVM Parameters lt EVM gt Example FETC SUMM EVM Returns mean EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA AVERage This command queries the EVM over all data cells in the analyzed frame The unit depends on UNIT EVM Parameters lt EVM gt Example FETC SUMM EVM DATA Returns mean data EVM value Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary EVM PILot MAXimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PILot MINimum FETCh SUMMary EVM PILot AVERage This command queries
66. VBT_Maode2k_Ng1_32_OPSK mat a Download 7 O imaxOtdm DL GT 1b 1bQAM mat E Recent DU _ M lan BAOAM mat T RSINT NE Eh WWLANac 20MHz LongCP xml L RSINT NE Ech WVLANac_20MHz_ShortCP xml J SATURN Eh WWLANac 40MHz LongCP xml I SATURN Ech WWLANac_40MHz_ShortCP xml J SATURN Ech WWLANac_80MHz_LongCP xml D er WLANac SO0MHz ShortCP xml 7 Eh VWLANac_160MHz_LongP xml 4 II I File name Wilan4_ 4Q 4M mat VM Configuration File OC mat Pom magina Fart 4 Select and open the system configuration file WlanA 64QAM mat 5 Select the Demodulation Control tab Signal Description Demodulation Control General Settings Burst Search wi May Frames to Analyze 20 Result Length d Symbols 6 Define the Result Length This sets the number of symbols per frame to the number of data symbols per OFDM burst plus 5 4 preamble symbols 1 signal field 1 4 3 Performing the Measurement 1 Press the Run Sgl hotkey to start the measurement After the R amp S FS K96 has finished the sweep it shows the results of the measure ment By default it shows the Capture Buffer result display and the Constellation Dia gram User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 20 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 First Steps 2 Press the Display Graph List softkey to show numerical results instead of the graphical results Capture Bud her Samples ADDI d 06 Goreiellalion Diagram M
67. alyzed within one capture buffer Remote command SENSe DEMod FORMat MAXFrames on page 141 Result Length Result Length specifies the number of analyzed symbols in one frame This number must be equal or lower than the Frame Length specified in the System Description menu In order to guarantee stable demodulation its lower limit is 4 Remote command SENSe DEMod FORMat NOFSymbols on page 141 FEEL ial User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 69 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings EEO EEE Demodulation Settings 4 2 2 2 Synchronization Settings The Synchronization Settings contain settings to control synchronization during the demodulation process The Synchronization Settings are part of the Demodulation Control tab of the Demod Settings dialog box Signal Description Uemodulation Control Synchronization Settings Time Synchronization Cyclic Prefix si Parameter Estimation Pilot Aided Modulation Detection Configuration File Time eT NY EE 70 Farometer e ee ee een ee ee eee ee 70 Viel die OCV EE 70 Time Synchronization Time Synchronization specifies the synchronization method in time domain The cyclic prefix method performs a correlation of the cyclic prefix with the end of the FFT interval The preamble method searches for the repetitive preamble blocks Remote command SENSe DEMod TSYNc on page 142 Parameter Estimation Parameter Estimation specifies the mode of synchronization in the
68. ame already exists it will be overwritten Example MMEM STOR DEM STAT C Temp Demod mat Saves the demodulation data to the file Demod mat Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 145 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 12 Display Settings Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe 1Q STATe lt Path gt This command writes the I Q data currently in the capture buffer into a file The data format is 32 bit floating point The order of the data is II 1QQ Q Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the target file The file extension is iqw If a file with the name already exists it will be overwritten Example MMEM STOR I1Q STAT C TEMP MyCapture iqw Saves the Q data to the file MyCapture iqw Usage Setting only MMEMory STORe STATe lt Path gt This command writes the current software settings to a file Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and name of the target file The file extension is ovsa If a file with the name already exists it will be overwritten Example MMEM STOR STAT C TEMP K96Test ovsa Saves the current software configuration to the file K96Test ovsa Usage Setting only Display Settings D PE WE 146 DSP iay VVIND Owe S BBCi ER 147 HCOpPvfIMMediatel nkkan okana raae kn anana ra aonana nena 147 AIS enee ET EE 147 DISPlay FORMat lt Format gt This command selects the screen format anal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 146 R amp
69. amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM Fig 6 4 OFDM Symbol in Time Domain 6 1 2 2 Frequency Domain Description The FFT intervals of the OFDM symbols are transformed into the frequency domain using a discrete Fourier transform The successive symbols of the OFDM signal are displayed in time frequency matrices The fundamental unit of an OFDM signal in frequency domain is a Cell A column of cells at the same frequency is called Carrier A row of cells at the same time is called Symbol The carrier number is the column index of a time frequency matrix The number 0 is assigned to the so called DC Carrier which lies at the trans mitter center frequency The total number of carriers is Nery The DC Carrier Offset determines the position of the DC carrier relative to the lowermost carrier and is an inher ent attribute of the FFT algorithm even N rrr 2 Nun 2 The symbol number is the row index of a time frequency matrix The first symbol gets the number 0 The total area of a time frequency matrix is called Frame A frame is the highest level unit used in the OFDM VSA DS User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 94 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail General Information on OFDM Carrier No p gt Symbol No Fig 6 5 Time Frequency Matrix Allocation Matrix The allocation matrix defines the complete frame and subclassifies the OFDM system
70. ample cOfdmSys SetConstellation cOfdmSys QPSK Liser S Peara Relay EST DS User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 77 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File WEEN Matlab Configuration File Format SET_CELL This function defines one cell in the time frequency matrice a spe cific cell of the OFDM system SetCell c viSymbol viCarrier Zero c SetCell c viSymbol viCarrier Pilot vicValue SetCell c viSymbol viCarrier Data sConstName SetCell c viSymbol viCarrier DontCare Data sConstName Name of the data constellation Output parameter UU Modified object Example cOfdmSys SetCell cOfdmSys 4 26 22 20 8 6 1 1 6 8 20 22 26 Data BPSK Special requirements The Generic OFDM analyzer has a minimum requirement about the number and the location of the pilot cells The number of pilot cells must be at least 4 At least two different symbols must contain pilot cells At least two different carriers must contain pilot cells SET_PREAMBLE This function sets the repetitive preamble parameters optional parameter needed for time synchronization on preamble SetPreamble iBlockLength iFrameOffset Input parameter Ge Input object iBlockLength Length of one repetitive block in number of samples fizrameoffset Offset of preamble start to frame start of Offset of preamble start to frame start start to frame start Output parameter pe O Modified object Example cOfdmSys
71. and TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff on page 126 Trigger Level Defines the threshold for the External or IF Power trigger source The unit of the trigger level is either V external trigger or dBm IF power trigger Note that you can use automatic trigger level determination Auto Level when you use an IF Power trigger Spectrum analyzers only If on trigger threshold is determined automatically by the software before each measurement Remote command Trigger level external trigger TRIGger SEQuence LEVel EXTernal on page 126 Trigger level IF power trigger TRIGger SEQuence LEVel POWer on page 127 Automatic trigger level TRIGger SEQuence LEVel POWer AUTO on page 127 4 1 1 5 Input Settings The Input settings contain settings to configure the input source of the signal analyzer The Input Settings are part of the Primary tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Input Settings Source File ll Channel Filter Standard Bandwidth 6dB 20MHe Filter Order Memel a a BN EE 55 AN e EEN 56 Pee EE 56 BU r E E A EE eae cd a NE ig dc msn oes deena nda dase aa EE 56 Source Selects the data source of the OFDM demodulator The R amp S FS K96 supports the following input sources e RF Input Available for all supported instruments e Analog Baseband Available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSx B71 and oscilloscopes e Digital HO Avai
72. and data decision stage The modulation detection block determines the modulation type of the data cells Either each carrier or each symbol can be assigned to one specific constellation Alternatively the modulation information provided in the configuration file is evaluated to extract clus ters of data cells with consistent modulation The estimator uses a maximum likelihood approach where each cluster of data cells is compared with all possible modulation hypotheses and the most probable constellation for each cluster is used for the subse quent data decision The data decision block finally outputs a reference signal matrix Au Which is an optimum estimate of the actual transmitted OFDM frame Data Aided Block The data aided block can be activated optionally to refine the parameter estimations with the help of the reference signal Whereas the previous stages could only include pilot cells for the estimation algorithms the data aided part can treat data cells as additional pilots This increases the accuracy of the estimates in good signal to noise environments Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 102 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail 6 2 3 4 6 3 6 3 1 Measurement Result Definitions without data decision errors However if the reference signal matrix A contains falsely decided data cells the data aided estimation part can corrupt the results and should be omitted Measurement Block The last part o
73. and drop a file on the software user interface SCPI command MMEMory LOAD STATe on page 145 The file format for settings is ovsa UO Data In addition to capturing UO data directly from an Rohde amp Schwarz instrument the R amp S FS K96 allows you to analyze Q data from a file that contains such data The software also provides functionality to store UO data you have captured with an instru ment in a file for further analysis at a later time for example with external tools The R amp S FS K96 supports several file formats for the I Q data In all cases the data is linearly scaled using the unit Volt if a correct display of e g Capture Buffer power is required Exporting data 1 Press the FILE key 2 Press the Save Q Data softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to define the file name and data type SCPI command MMEMory STORe 1Q STATe on page 146 Importing data 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Select File as the data source gt Data Source Instr File softkey File is selected when it is highlighted green 3 Press the Run Gol softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to select a file 4 Alternatively drag and drop a file on the software user interface Note that the software displays an error message if the file containing UO data could not be found or is not valid SCPI command MMEMory LOAD 1Q STATe on page 145 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 30 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Gen
74. ase Tracking Iw Timing Tracking Bi Level Tracking a Channel Compensation Iw SE T tee 71 WA E I DEE 71 Lavel Tac RE 71 CONDEI COMPENSA E 71 Phase Tracking Phase Tracking specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compen sated for common phase error The compensation is done on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe TRACking PHASe on page 143 Timing Tracking Timing Tracking specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compen sated for sample clock deviations The compensation is done on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe TRACking TIME on page 143 Level Tracking Level Tracking specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compen sated for power level deviations The compensation is done on a per symbol basis Remote command SENSe TRACking LEVel on page 143 Channel Compensation Channel Compensation specifies whether or not the measurement results should be compensated for the channel transfer function The compensation is done on a per carrier basis Remote command SENSe COMPensate CHANnel on page 142 Sonia User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 71 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings E Demodulation Settings 4 2 2 4 Advanced Settings The Advanced Settings contain settings to control various signal processing charac teristics of the software The Advanced Settings are part of the Demodulation Control tab of the Demod Set tings dialo
75. capture and analyze Q data from one of the instruments listed above or read and anaylze Q data from a file You can purchase two different license types for the software e R amp S FS KI6PC This license enables software operation with and without an R amp S instrument It is for example possible to read data from file without a connection to an instrument e R amp S FS KI6 This license requires a connection to an R amp S FSV R amp S FSVR R amp S FSQ R amp S FSG R amp S FSUP R amp S FSW or R amp S RTO No license has to be installed on the instrument A smartcard reader that contains the license dongle has to be connected to the PC Demo mode Basically you can use the software in demo mode if you have no license The demo mode has limited functionality but you can analyze the Q data from sample files that are delivered with the software If no dongle with a valid license is found the software shows a dialog that asks you to insert a smartcard with a valid license Select the Demo Mode option to start the demo mode The sample signals are delivered with the software and are installed in a subfolder of the software program folder SApplication path SIGNALS Using the smartcard reader dongle Before you can use the software you have to load the license s on a smartcard if you already have one or order a new smartcard R amp S FSPC New license types are avail able as registered licenses see below
76. ccsscccssecesseceececsseceseecaeeeeaseseeeesaeessaees 140 System Configuration CONF IVAN seca cea caivie viene depen sadecachielstreinasdlniesumanbeebiedenndamae weal EEN 137 Ae ee LAI GPG E 138 CONFigure SYSTem MANual This command selects manual system configuration if a configuration file was previously Im use Example CONF SYST MAN Selects manual system configuration al User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 137 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 9 2 Signal Description MMEMory LOAD CFGFile lt Path gt This command restores an OFDM configuration file For more information see chapter 5 1 Matlab Configuration File Format on page 73 and chapter 5 2 XML Configuration File Format on page 81 Parameters lt Path gt String containing the path and file name Supported file types are mat and xml Example MMEM LOAD CFGF C TEMP K96Test mat Restores configuration stored in the file K96Test mat Usage Setting only OFDM Symbol Characteristics CONFigu re SYMBoNGUARJ MODE E 138 CONourel GvM ollGUAbRd ouardnumzNGvMbols 138 CONFigtire SY MBO HSUARG PF ERIOGIC EE 139 CIPS MME IR E 139 CONourel GvM ollNGlard ouardnumz 139 CONFigure S YMBol GUARd MODE lt Mode gt This command selects the type of cyclic prefix Parameters lt Mode gt CONV Conventional cyclic prefix mode GU2 Cyclic prefix with two different lengths RST CONV Example CONF GUAR MODE GU2 Selects a cyclic prefix with
77. ciunde ea aa a e aia eaaa 140 e Synchronization EEN deeg erer dree 141 FLOM ESA DOMOS EE 142 e Advanced SOT GS eidel ENEE EEN dE EEN 143 General Settings SENSe DEMod FORMAat BURSL c ccscscsenscseescesvsceseususnscecuceuceccucssnacncnscecescssuaceananens 140 IGENZGet DE Mod FObRMarMAxtrames 141 PS ENSELDEMOG FORWMAG NOP SVINDO 6 cciciiiuveusassiiientunaaseuiensuuassiondendaawadienderesdunniendereuduadtiads 141 SENSe DEMod FORMat BURSt lt State gt This command turns a search for bursted OFDM signals on and off aa User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 140 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 10 2 Demodulation Control Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST ON Example DEM FORM BURS ON Turns on the burst search SENSe DEMod FORMat MAXFrames lt Frames gt This command defines the maximum number of frames to be demodulated Parameters lt Frames gt Numeric value RST 1 Example DEM FORM MAXF 10 Defines a maximum of 10 frames to be demodulated SENSe DEMod FORMat NOFSymbols lt Symbols gt This command defines the number of symbols in a frame Note that frames with less symbols are not analyzed Parameters lt Symbols gt RST 10 Example DEM FORM NOFS 44 Defines 44 symbols per frame Synchronization Settings SENSe DEMOod FSYNG c ccccecseccoccecsccccccceceesceseescescescescecestescesscessersessaecausaesansansansceaes 141 ISENSetDEModM ETect koko taknt kninska ra
78. ck Time Automatic levelling is available for RF measurements with a spectrum analyzer and measurements with oscilloscopes Remote command CONFigure POWer AUTO on page 124 Reference Level Signal Peak Level Defines the reference level for RF measurements with a spectrum analyzer or signal peak level for measurements with an oscilloscope or analog baseband for the mea surement You can define the level manually when you turn Auto Level off If the Auto Level function is on the R amp S FS K96 shows the level it has determined Note that the unit depends on the type of instrument and input source you are using For spectrum and signal analyzers the unit of the reference level is dBm For oscilloscopes and analog baseband input the unit is V Remote command Spectrum analyzer reference level RF input DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel RF on page 125 Analog baseband input SENSe VOLTage 1Q RANGe on page 125 Oscilloscope signal peak level SENSe VOLTage RTO RANGe on page 126 Bee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 53 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings ee 4 1 1 4 General Settings External Attenuation Defines the external attenuation to be considered in the calculation of the pwer results Remote command DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet on page 125 Trigger Settings The Trigger Settings contains settings to configure triggered measureme
79. cteristics FFT Length 64 Samples Cycle Prefs Length 16 Samples g Configuration FFER E 66 e e PrO LEDO BEE 66 Cyclic Prefix COP OT E 66 FFT Length FFT Length specifies the length of the FFT area of an OFDM symbol in time domain in number of samples This parameter is editable only when manual configuration is selected Remote command CONFigure SYMBol NFFT on page 139 Cyclic Prefix Length Cyclic Prefix Length specifies the length of the Cyclic Prefix area of an OFDM symbol in time domain in number of samples Remote command CONFigure SYMBol NGUard lt guardnum gt on page 139 Cyclic Prefix Configuration Cyclic Prefix Configuration opens a dialog that allows you to configure the non con ventional cyclic prefix mode Ce Conventional Mode Every OF OM symbol has the same cyclic pretis length Two Different Cyclic Prefix Lengths M Configuration Sumbals anal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 66 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings BEEN Demodulation Settings In the conventional cyclic prefix mode all OFDM symbols have the same cyclic prefix length In the non conventional cyclic prefix mode some OFDM symbols have different cyclic prefix lengths than others One well known OFDM system where different cyclic prefix lengths can occur in one frame is e g LTE In the non conventional case we distinguish between the periodic mode and the non periodic mode In the periodic mode see figure
80. ction ES CelType al Modulation Symbol Carrier All Fig 3 18 Constellation Evaluation Filter Panel The results may be filtered by any combination of cell type modulation symbol or carrier The results are updated as soon as any change to the constellation selection parameters is made Note that if you use several screen and have the constellation display on each of these screens it is not possible to have two different filters for the different screens 3 3 5 Statistics and Miscellaneous Measurements KEE 48 lol RE 48 ee Ropo EE 49 Alocalon MaK ee 49 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 47 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays Lee N A An C IrraArMHRNnTOC IO Measurements CCDF The CCDF results display shows the probability of an amplitude exceeding the mean power The X axis displays power relative to the measured mean power e Press the Misc Statistic softkey e Press the CCDF softkey Crest Factor 9 35 dB Frame Power 29 15d6m Probability 0 001 Te 005 0 0001 H 4 z E Level above AMS dB Fig 3 19 CCDF Display Remote command Signal Flow The Signal Flow display shows a detailed description of the current measurement status It provides additional hints on what is going wrong within the signal analysis Unused blocks are crossed out Press the Misc Statistic softkey e Press the Signal Flow softkey Signal Flow Fig 3 20
81. displays the command also supports various SCPI parameters in combination with the query If available each SCPI parameter returns a different aspect of the results If SCPI parameters are supported you have to quote one in the query Example TRAC DATA TRACE1 The format of the return values is either in ASCII or binary characters and depends on the format you have set with FORMat DATA on page 144 Following this detailed description you will find a short summary of the most important functions of the command TRACe DATA on page 118 EE 114 Channel Fe a nese reins cence sis ihre eceneebep arenas amet pucseshceexeewensedumeenecsisteentedss 114 Abee Group Delay ecca DEAA AE 114 e Channel Impulse Hesponse 114 Ter EE 115 e EPE E a 116 e E 116 6 EVM vS SyMmbOLA CAMO ociera nania a aT a E e 116 Fegueney e EE 117 E el erce E ssn ee ence ee 117 0 e TE 117 E Ge ed EEN 117 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 113 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Measurements DF EE 118 e Power vs Symbol AT EE 118 e T RACe DATA Ra tt Le BEEN 118 Capture Buffer For the Capture Buffer result display the command returns one value for each I Q sample in the capture buffer lt absolute power gt The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE Channel Flatness For the Channel Flatness result display the command returns the spectrum flatness as a list over all subcarriers The list c
82. e Result Summary display is selected by pressing the DISPLAY LIST softkey which is available in all main measurement menus and submenus SCPI command see chapter 7 4 4 Numerical Results on page 119 i en ee SE User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 50 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings General Settings 4 Settings This section describes the General Settings dialog box where all settings related to the overall measurement i e Data Capture Settings Input Level Trigger Input Set tings can be modified 4 1 General Settings This section describes the General Settings panel where all settings related to the overall measurement i e Data Capture Trigger and Input settings can be modified The General Settings softkey opens the General Settings dialog box with three tabs Primary Advanced and Meas To see the content of the tabs as shown below click on one of the tabs Frimary Advanced Meas Fig 4 1 Tabs in General Settings Dialog For a detailed description of the primary advanced and measurement settings see below 4 1 1 Primary Settings The Primary Settings contain general settings to configure the measurement The Primary Settings tab is part of the General Settings dialog box gt et leen risers rer tir dit a enealei AaS 51 e Data Capture ue EE 52 e L vel Settings EE 53 e let TE 54 S O 201 6 aa EEE e TE AEE EE E EE E ERE 55 4 1 1 1 Instrument Settings The
83. e de management environnemental certifi selon ISO 14001 1171 0200 11 V 05 01 1171020011 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Contents 1 1 2 1 1 3 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 4 1 1 4 2 1 4 3 2 1 2 1 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 4 1 2 4 2 2 4 3 2 4 4 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 3 1 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 3 3 5 Contents Welcome to R amp S FOO E 7 EEGENEN 7 Installing Required Components 8 installing R amp S FROG iere E E A A aea 10 Deinstalling R amp S E E 12 Licensing the SOFtWALE ccccceseeesseeceeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeneeeeeneeeeeaeesasneeseaeeseanessoaneesennessoes 12 Starting INC SOMW irinna nindin aiian a raain anainn ratai 16 al E 17 Setting up the Generator 17 Preparing the Meaesurenment ENEE 18 Performing the Meaeurement 20 General COMMUNAL ON BEE 22 IESSE HEEN 22 Instrument Connection Contfguraton 22 FIGUIING OUt IP elle 24 Software ee at de UTC e ves iiscadicnscrnccinredesnsndicesiasoisscescmncvandobectedsunddarandeddunmnincedaedceuenseuss 27 Display CONT GUN AUN EE 28 Data Netgen 29 nde Le 29 Jeng EE 30 LIS MOG UIANON DAM EEN 32 Be E 33 Measurements and Result DisplayS csccssseeeeeeeseeeeeeseeeeeeeens 34 Numerical TU 34 Graphical teure EE 35 I Q SAS UT SIGUA E 37 Power Measurements un 3 EVM Measurements ANNER 40 Channel Meaeurements 44 Constellation Measurements ccceccecseeececeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeseeeeesaeeeeseeeeseeeeeseeeeeseeeesaeeees 45 Statistics and Miscellaneous Measurements nn 47
84. e reference symbols included in the selection e TRACE3 Returns the constellation points for all OFDM symbols No of Symbols x FFT Length e TRACE4 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 115 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Measurements Returns the constellation points for all reference OFDM symbols No of Symbols x FFT Length EVM vs Carrier For the EVM vs Carrier result display the command returns one value for each carrier that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE Returns the average EVM over all symbols e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all symbols e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all symbols EVM vs Symbol For the EVM vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt EVM gt The unit depends on UNIT EVM The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average EVM over all carriers e TRACE2 Returns the minimum EVM found over all carriers e TRACE3 Returns the maximum EVM found over all carriers EVM vs Symbol X Carrier For the EVM vs Symbol X Carrier the command returns one value for each OFDM cell lt FO SymbO Carrier1 gt lt FO SymbO Carrier n gt lt FO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt FO Symb1 Carrier n gt lt FO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt FO Symb n Carrier n gt lt F1 Symb0
85. ector Signal Analysis Software R amp S Signal Analyzer RF INPUT TCPIP localhost Fig 7 1 Example Setup for Remote Controlling the FS K96 Software Enabling remote control Before you can use remote control functionality you also have to enable it in the software 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Remote Control Settings softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box 3 Select Enable Remote Control Enable Remote Control Remote control example The R amp S FS K96 is delivered with a file that contains a remote control script The file is is a MATLAB script with the name remote example m It is located in the directory Application path TOOLS MATLAB 7 2 Introduction Commands are program messages that a controller e g a PC sends to the instrument or software They operate its functions setting commande or events and request infor mation query commands Some commands can only be used in one way others work in two ways setting and query If not indicated otherwise the commands can be used for settings and queries Sa User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 106 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 2 1 7 2 2 7 2 3 Introduction The syntax of a SCPI command consists of a header and in most cases one or more parameters To use a command as a query you have to append a question mark after the last header element even if the command contains a parameter A
86. el R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration BEE Instrument Connection 2 1 2 3 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSW Follow these steps to figure out the GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSW Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box 3 Select the GPIB tab The R amp S FSW shows information about the GPIB connection including the GPIB address Network GPIB Compatibility LXI GPIB Address 20 A Figuring Out the IP address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the Network Remote softkey The R amp S FSW opens the Network amp Remote dialog box and shows its current IP address in the corresponding field Network GPIB Compatibility LXI Computer Name MU717180 IP Address 10 113 11 154 2 1 2 4 Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S RTO Follow these steps to figure out the network address of an R amp S RTO gt Press the SETUP key The R amp S RTO opens a dialog box that contains general information about the system REH User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 26 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration software Configuration system Screen SW Options HW Options Remote Settings LXI Setup KL Instrument firmware versions System configuration Firmware version Computer name Bios version DHCP RTO BIOS v 1 01 1431 1 ng Image versi
87. el in V Default unit V Example VOLT RTO RANG 100MV Defines a signal peak level of 100 mV 7 6 4 Trigger Settings TRIS Ger SEUSS e i Re E 126 TRlGoert GEOuencell Eve ENTemalt 126 TRigger SE Quence GLE Vel POW Sl ices aicis crnasaansnw dei senetavadarenaigenestuiassdneventinwedvasiencanaeananians 127 TRissger SEQueNCe LEVEL POW SR AU TO vivccisicistircvedisnssandaccesswcdsnisasanndeccendaniansddesnladwewas 127 TRIGgern EI Gs avitricn ceecwscancananatansantedananaianaitdessancanaddetssnesandainasandaneniaeinvensnsls 127 KEE OE EE 128 TRIGger SEQuence HOLDoff lt Delay gt This command defines the length of the trigger delay A negative delay time corresponds to a pretrigger Parameters lt Delay gt RST Ous Default unit S Example TRIG HOLD 500us Defines a trigger delay of 500 us TRIGger SEQuence LEVel EXTernal lt Level gt This command defines the level of an external trigger The command is available for measurements with an external trigger see TRIGger SEQuence MODE Parameters lt Level gt External trigger level RST 1 4 V Default unit V User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 126 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Primary Settings Example TRIG LEV 1 V Defines an external trigger level of 1 V TRIGger SEQuence LEVel POWer lt Power gt This command defines the trigger level for an IF power trigger The command is available for measurements with a power trigger See TRIGger
88. eral Configuration BEE Data Management Format dat binary Binary data in the dat format is expected as 32 bit floating point data Little Endian format also Known as LSB Order or Intel format The order of the data is either IQIQIQ or Lil 24 1000 60 Example 0x1D86E 7BB in hexadecimal notation will be decoded to 7 0655481E 3 Format iqw ASCII ASCII data in the iqw format is expected as and Q values in alternating rows separated by new lines lt I value 1 gt lt Q value 1 gt lt I value 2 gt lt Q value 2 gt lt I value n gt lt Q value n gt Format wv The waveform format wv is based on encrypted data The format complies with the waveform format that is used by the R amp S Signal Generators and R amp S WinIQSIM Software for example Format iq tar binary An iq tar file contains UO data in binary format together with meta information that describes the nature and the source of data for example the sample rate The objective of the iq tar file format is to separate I Q data from the meta information while still having both inside one file In addition the file format allows you to include customized data An iq tar file must contain the following files e Q parameter ml file Contains meta information about the UO data e g sample rate The filename can be defined freely but there must be only one single UO parameter xml file inside an iq tar file e IO data bi
89. f the signal processing chain comprises the user defined compensation and the measurement of modulation quality The measurement block takes the received OFDM symbols H and the previously determined reference OFDM symbols A to cal culate the error vector magnitude EVM The received OFDM symbols can optionally be compensated by means of phase timing and level deviations as well as the channel transfer function Measurement Result Definitions Error Vector Magnitude EVM The EVM of a cell Symbol number I carrier number k is defined as EVM where ris the received symbol point in the complex plane of symbol number and carrier number k The received symbol point is compensated by phase and clock errors as well as channel transfer function according to the user settings e aj is the ideal symbol point in the complex plane of symbol number and carrier number k Phorm IS a normalization value that can be set in four different ways Normalize EVM to RMS Pilots amp Data 2 Nai tN Zu ES aaa l kePilot Data RMS Data 1 H a k N data l keData RMS Pilots 1 2 Jane l ke Pilot N pilot User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 103 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail E Measurement Result Definitions Peak Pilots amp Data 2 max kul l kePilot Data Peak Data 2 max lar x l keData Peak Pilots 2 max lay l kePilot e Naea is the number of pilot cells e Nagata is the
90. fdmSys OfdmSys Default Constructor and parameterized constructor OfdmSys ANOLSymbols iNfft iNg Init iNOfSymbols iNfft iNg Initialize a new system configuration tSystem sSystem Describe the OFDM system SetDescription sDescription tConstellation vfcValue sName Define a constellation vector SetCell iSymbol iCarrier Zero Define a specific cell of the OFDM system SetCell iSymbol iCarrier Pilot fcValue c SetCell iSymbol iCarrier Data sConstName SetCell iSymbol iCarrier DontCare SetPreamble iBlockLength iFrameOffset Define a repetitive preamble symbol LoadConfigFile sFileName Load or save a system configuration file c SaveConfigFile sFileName The following part describes the functions and the input parameters of the Matlab Class OfdmSys in detail Furthermore a short example is given for all of the functions With the information provided below the user can write his own m file Running the m file creates the custom mat OFDM configuration file This mat file contains the con figuration data and can be loaded into the R amp S FS K96 OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software This function initializes the System Configuration Class Init iNOfSymbols iNfft iNg iNOfSymbols Number of OFDM symbols in one frame included in the configuration file This is the maximum frame length to be analyzed FFT length in number of samples Cyclix prefix len
91. flOW c ceccecccseseecescerescersecseerceecesereareesrsaversarens 48 BUS EE ee seed Eden 69 Starting cccccccececcscesececescsceserececreeescsesveserensevsceseneevares 20 Measurements cccccceccceccceeceececeuecueccueseuesaueceeeseeenaees 34 C O Capture Time ccccccccccecccsececeee ceca eeseeeseeeeseeseeetaeeses 52 Carner cic syrer eer er eee ere OA eee ee tree 72 OFDM System Class ccccccecccseseesessecteeseseererersereeseree 75 Channel Elter 56 Of e E 71 P Configuration File ccccseceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaseeeesaeeeeeaes 64 SY CIS EE 66 Preamble Symbol Characteristics 0c seseeeeeeeeeeees 68 D Q IGE e EE 58 CGK STANE cean in enii anaana RE a e 17 BIE aE p E T T EA E E sea satnenaannt 28 R E Reference Level cccccccccsecceceeceecaeseeceeeeaeeeseeeeeseeeeaaees 53 Electrical Attenuation cccccccccceeecceeceeeceeeeeeseeceeeeaaes 59 Remote commands Sed Ree A re ae ee 103 Basics ON SVMLAX E 106 External Attenuation ccccccceccseececeeeseeeeeeeseeeseeeesaees 54 Boolean values cece cecccececeeeee eee eeeeeeeeaeeesaeeseeeeees 109 Capitalization cccccccccccceeccceceeeeeeeeeeeeaeeteeeeseeees 107 F Character data 0 eccccceccececeseescessesesesesseeeneeeneeens 110 Data blocks 0 0 cceccccccccceseeeeeee ceseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeeaeeeaes 110 Pr NG EE 66 NUMETIC VAIUCS oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooebbooeoooooooc eee 108 lh ZE eege
92. formation see chapter 7 4 3 1 Using the TRACe DATA Command on page 113 Parameters lt TraceData gt TRACE 1 TRACE4 Usage Query only User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 118 Measurements 7 4 4 Numerical Results FETCH SUMMary CRESS IMAAIM KE 119 PE Theo U Mary CRE SIR UAS oscc ccc ciwsunscwd eetsnesnsannendtaneuseadewwceersuntenssndtadcdesewesuansaeus 119 FETChROUMMary CRESICAV ERAGG KE 119 FETCH SUMMary EVMEALL MAUI KE 120 FETCH SUMMary AIR Ek OU Ca Un KEE 120 FETCH SUMMar EVMEALUIAvERage 120 FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA MAX IMUM n nnannannannaannannnnnannanrnnrrnrrnrrnnrnnrnnrnnrrnrrnnrnnrnnrrnrnnne 120 FETCHSUMMary EM MEAG TAMING is eege Nee ege Ae ania dee dE eege Eed dg 120 FETCh SUMMary EVM DATA AVER amp Ge ccccccceseeeeeecececesesasecececeasaeacecesesecececeaesearas 120 FETCh SUMMary EVM PILOt MAXIMUM E 120 PTC WE ary Pe e nt KE 120 FEICKSUMMary BNP Te RE KE 120 FETCH SUMMary FERRORMAXIMUIN KE 120 ay ee MINIMUM EE 120 FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERAge 22 2 lt 200ccse0ceeceececeeceeasaceccecceccescessecounaceencanceeces 120 FE TCh SUMManv GlMalance MA vimum 121 FE TCh SUMManv GlMalance MiNimmum 121 FE TCh SUMManv GlMalancel AVERagel 121 PETCIRSUMMary IG OFISGE IAA lu Uu KEE 121 Pe Ur OSGI TU RE 121 FE Theol ary OOF Gt EE 121 FE TCh SUMManv POVWer MA Nlmum 121 FETCh SUMMary POWer MINIMUM ccciictend se ciccesessuncsannncedenasenaeseeaucadeuvducssuceesctesteceeedaadeseas 121 FETCH S
93. ftkey User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 39 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements Power Spectrum Maximum 108 5 dd o 15 000 MHz 0 10 Offset Frequency MHz Fig 3 5 Power Spectrum Display Remote command CALC FEED POW PSPE TRACe DATA Power Selection Opens a dialog box to filter the results that are displayed in the Power vs Symbol and Power vs Carrier result displays Power Selection E x Symboli BR Carrier All ag Fig 3 6 Power Evaluation Filter panel Note that if you use several screens it is not possible to have two different filters for the different screens 3 3 2 EVM Measurements EVM vs Symbol x sa secs cate deeg 40 SE dE 41 EE 42 Bee i eas Sarees eee gees ance erences A E E E 42 DE e EE 43 EVM vs Symbol x Carrier The EVM vs Symbol x Carrier display shows the EVM of each carrier in each symbol of the received signal frames in dB or depending on the unit settings e Press the EVM softkey e Press the EVM vs Sym x Carrier softkey User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 40 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays EH UO Measurements EYH vs Symbol x Carrier 50 0 0 0 Symbol Number o LL amer Number Fig 3 7 EVM vs Symbol x Carrier Display The EVM values are represented by colors The corresponding color map is displayed at the top of the result display All analyzed frames are concatenated in symbol di
94. ftware user interface The user interface of the R amp S FS K96 in its default state looks like this Rohde amp Schwarz FS K96 figuration Frequency Capture Length Level dBm Sampling Frequency FFT Length Cyclic Prefix Length Ref Level Trigger Mode Source File Capture Buffer Te 005 2e 005 4e 005 Time ms Constellation Diagram File File GENERAL SETTINGS DEMOD SETTINGS DISPLAY GRAPH LIST POWER J 5e 005 CHANNEL JL MISC STATISTIC v RUN SGL RUN CONT REFRESH SCREEN A Fig 1 1 Six Main Elements of the R amp S FS K96 Software 1 Header table The header table shows basic information like measurement frequency or capture length 2 Diagram The diagram contains the measurement results You can display the results in one or two windows or screens Each window contains a header and the actual diagram area The header shows information about the measurement displayed in that window The diagram area contains the measurement results 3 Status bar The status bar contains information about the current status of the measurement and the soft ware 4 Hotkeys Hotkeys contains functionality to control the measurement process 5 Softkeys Softkeys contains functionality to configure and select measurement functions 6 Hardkeys Hardkeys open new softkey menus User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 16 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96
95. g box Signal Description Demodulation Control Advanced Settings FFT Shift Rel to CP Length 0 5 Maximum Carrier Offset 0 FFT Shift relative to Cyclic Prefix Lengt NENNEN 72 VE ie le se ONSE oeann aa a EEE aA 72 FFT Shift relative to Cyclic Prefix Length FFT Shift rel to CP length allows for shifting the FFT start sample within the guard interval This is useful if relevant parts of the channel impulse response fall outside the cyclic prefix interval FFT Shift 1 0 FFT Shift 0 0 Remote command SENSe DEMod FFTShift on page 143 Maximum Carrier Offset Maximum Carrier Offset defines the search range of the frame synchronization in fre quency direction If set to zero the center frequency offset must be less than half the carrier distance Higher values allow higher frequency offsets but slow down the mea surement time Remote command SENSe DEMod COFFset on page 144 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 72 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File Matlab Configuration File Format 5 System Configuration File 5 1 The R amp S FS K96 Software has to know the structure of the OFDM system in order to be able to demodulate an OFDM signal correctly By structure we refer to the complete description of the OFDM system e the number of subcarriers i e the FFT size e the number of symbols e the number of samples in the cyclic prefix also referred to as guard length e t
96. g to a specific modulation format Constellation vectors must be defined for each possible data modulation format The magnitude within the constellation vectors must be scaled according to the pilot matrix One entry in the constellation vector is called constellation point Differential modulation is not supported The respective absolute modulation scheme must be used instead e g QPSK instead of DQPSK Periodically rotated constellations are not supported The set union of all constellations must be used instead e g 8PSK instead of PI 4 DQPSk Constellation Point Fig 6 8 QPSK Constellation Vector er User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 97 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail EH 6 1 2 3 General Information on OFDM Modulation Matrix A modulation matrix contains numbers to the underlying constellation vector for each cell which is defined as data cell in the allocation matrix Clusters of data cells with the same modulation therefore share the same number A data cell can also contain an unused number that is a number for which no constellation vector is defined In this case all data cells sharing that number are assumed to use one and only one of the valid constellation vectors This method can be used within the OFDM VSA to allow automatic modulation detection f Data Cells Constellation Vectors o fate 2 unused Fig 6 9 Example of a Modulation Matrix Preamble Descrip
97. ge file format If a file with the name already exists it will be overwritten MMEM NAME C TEMP Screenshot bmp Defines the name and image format Screenshot bmp for the next screenshot taken R amp S FS K96 K96PC List of Commands List of Commands PM IN KA 111 PR EE 111 Oy EGU Eee gala RE 112 GCONFigure ADDReSs lt analy Zens ici cc vescescsceuinesewanciss as ENKER UNENEE gndeadeddausanactnadasensSeipuanudedoaueiee scvaleeeeacsseeevewesaedes 122 COMNPIgure INS Mument E 123 CONFig re POWer AUTO vicssceczecovetentereasdtekecenaulannosnanenbaiectoecsauscandnkenianenekaeieniinteaseisocnduetiecenqtdueimencaeem nein 124 CONFigure POWer AUTO SWEED TIME raissa aa a aiaia a E aAA RAE a AaS 132 CONFigure PREamble BLENG DE 140 COMPigure PRE aMDE FORF EE 140 CONFigure RTO CHANG E 123 CGONiourezvGtemMANual 137 CONFourel GvM ollGUARdMODE 138 CONFigure SYMBol GUAR PERIOCIC cccccccccceeeccceceeeececeeeeceecseeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeseeeeesseeeseseaeeeeeesaaeeeesaaes 139 CONFourel GvMbPoltGUARd ouardoumzNGvMbols 138 CONFigurel S VIMB ONIN Pl E 139 CONFourel GvMbPollNGllard ouardnumz rt nee 139 DIORI FOR a E 146 DiS Play 2 VIN DG sia SB EE 147 DISPlayEWINDOW lt n gt TA CC 113 DISPlay WINDow lt n gt TRACe lt t gt Y SCALe RLEVel OFFSet1 0 ccccccceecccceeeeeeeeeeceeaeeeeeseeeseseeeseesaeeeeees 125 DiGbilzavf WlNDow cnztTRACGectGvlGCALetRlEVelREL 125 FET Ch SUMMary CRESU e il KEE 119 FETCh SUMMary
98. gth in number of samples Output parameter E Modified object Example 1 cOfdmSys OfdmSys cOfdmsys Init cOftdmSys 100 64 16 Example 2 cOfdmSys OfdmSys 100 64 16 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 76 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File Matlab Configuration File Format Support for cyclic prefix configuration A At the moment only the conventional cyclic prefix mode is supported in the mat con figuration file format That means that OFDM systems with symbols of different cyclic prefix length e g LTE are currently not supported in the mat configuration file format It is recommended to either use the xm1 configuration file format for these setups or to enter the cyclic prefix configuration manually after the mat configuration file has been loaded SET_SYSTEM This function sets the system name string a et Input parameter C Input object sSystem String containing the name of the system cOfdmSys SetSystem cOfdmSys WiMAX 802 16 Input parameter Output parameter C Modified class cOfdmSys SetDescription cOfdmSys WiMAX 802 16 SET_CONSTELLATION This function sets a constellation vector SetConstellation c sName SetConstellation c sName vfcValue Input parameter Input object Name of the constellation vicValue Complex value with the constellation symbols Can be omitted for unknown modulation areas Output parameter Modified class Ex
99. have more than one trigger port Parameters lt Port gt PORT1 PORT2 PORT3 Example TRIG PORT PORT1 Selects trigger port 1 Input Settings INPut FILTer CHANnel BANDWICIN cccscsceceseeeecesceteaeaeeceaeeceatateneaeateceaeaceatatettaseteseass 128 Ierger ee EK e RER 129 INPut FILTer CHANnel STAT ccccscscececesestececesteteceaeetectaeseeceatateteceaestettaeseestaraeeteseass 129 Ier E EE 129 INPut FIlLTer CHANnel BANDwidth lt Bandwidth gt This command defines the 6 dB bandwidth of the adjustable lowpass channel filter Parameters lt Bandwidth gt Filter bandwidth RST 20 MHz Default unit Hz Example INP FILT CHAN BAND 14MHZ Defines a filter bandwidth of 14 MHz Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 128 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Advanced Seitings INPut FILTer CHANnel ORDer lt Order gt This command defines the order of the adjustabel lowpass channel filter The number of filter taps is the filter order plus 1 Parameters lt Order gt Even number that defines the filter order Odd numbers are rounded to the next higher even number RST 96 Example INP FILT CHAN ORD 256 Defines a filter order of 256 INPut FiLTer CHANnel STATe lt State gt This command turns an adjustable lowpass channel filter in the signal path on and off You can define its characteristics with INPut FILTer CHANnel BANDwidth on page 128 INPut FILTer CHANnel ORDer on page 129
100. he matrix mfcAlk contains the associated reference symbols The size of the matrix is Number of Symbols x FFT Length The following example code shows how to load the demodulation data in Matlab and plot the constellation diagram load file s load mydata mat mat show constellation plot real s micklk imag s mickLk bo hold on plot real s mfcAlk imag s mfcAlk rx hold ort Exporting Wizard data 1 Press the FILE key 2 Press the Export Wizard Data softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to define the file name For more information on the Wizard see chapter 5 2 1 Overview of the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard on page 83 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 32 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration sea EE Data Management 2 4 4 Limits The R amp S FS K96 allows you to use custom limit definition instead of the predefined limits provided with the software Limits are used in the Result Summary Importing data gt Copy the limit definition file 1imits xm1 to SProgram folder Rohde Schwarz OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software Note that the file name must be limits xml The R amp S FS K96 automatically imports the new limit definitions and applies them The file format for limit definitions is xml The structure of the file is as follows lt Limits gt lt EVMA1l1 gt lt Unit qdB gt lt EVMData gt lt Unit dB gt
101. he position carrier number symbol number of the pilot symbols data symbols zero symbols don t care symbols e the modulation format of the data symbols e g QPSK 16QAM etc e the value of the pilot symbols e optional the definition of the preamble This section describes the format and generation of the OFDM system configuration file which can be loaded within the system configuration tab of the demodulation setup win dow The OFDM configuration file can be either stored in Matlab mat format See chap ter 5 1 Matlab Configuration File Format on page 73 or in an XML zm format see chapter 5 2 XML Configuration File Format on page 81 Matlab Configuration File Format The OFDM configuration can be stored in a Matlab mat format which contains the structure stOfdmCfg The following table lists the elements of the structure and the sub structures Instead of manual generation of the configuration structure it is recommended to use the additionally provided OFDM system class and its methods Structure stOfdmCfg sVersion Version identifier of the interface for R amp S OVSA_IFC_V60O 1 mat sSystem string Identifier of the OFDM system Wimax IEEE 802 16 2004 sDescription string Additional information about the Uplink with subchannelisa OFDM system tion 8 20 symbols special 17QAM modulation User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 73 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration F
102. header contains one or more keywords separated by a colon Header and parameters are separated by a white space ASCII code 0 to 9 11 to 32 decimal e g blank If there is more than one parameter for a command these are separated by a comma from one another Remote command examples Note that some remote command examples mentioned in this general introduction may not be supported by the software Long and Short Form The keywords have a long and a short form You can use either the long or the short form but no other abbreviations of the keywords The short form is emphasized in upper case letters Note however that this emphasis only serves the purpose to distinguish the short from the long form in the manual For the instrument the case does not matter Example SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same as SENS FREQ CENT Numeric Suffixes Some keywords have a numeric suffix if the command can be applied to multiple instan ces of an object In that case the suffix selects a particular instance e g a measurement window Numeric suffixes are indicated by angular brackets lt n gt next to the keyword If you don t quote a suffix for keywords that support one a 1 is assumed Example DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe enables the zoom in a particular mea surement window selected by the suffix at WINDow DISPlay WINDow4 Z00M STATe ON refers to window 4 Optional Keywords Some keywords are optional and are
103. hical EE 113 NOMoncal ROSU EE 119 7 4 1 Measurement Control INITTatef IMMediatel 111 MTA REFR OS irnn A T aa 112 INITiate IMMediate This command initiates a new measurement sequence In single sweep mode you can synchronize to the end of the measurement with OPC In continuous sweep mode synchronization to the end of the sweep is not possible If a measurement sequence is already in progress the command is ignored Example INIT Initiates a new measurement Usage Event User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 111 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 4 2 Measurements INITiate REFResh This command updates the current measurement results to reflect the current measure ment settings No new Q data is captured Thus measurement settings apply to the I Q data currently in the capture buffer The command applies exclusively to Q measurements It requires UO data Example INIT REFR Updates the IQ measurement results Usage Event Measurement Selection BE Ce e EE 112 RAIER ee En EA ME oo sicnisn ceive ecient dena ste nance dane ae dnawe anda Sebnadenindenuiiedaeeedenaacsnwe so newues 113 CALCulate lt n gt FEED lt ResultDisplay gt This command selects the result display Parameters for setting and query lt ResultDisplay gt String containing a short form of the result display POW PVSC Power vs Symbol X Carrier POW PVCA Power vs Carrier POW PVSY Power vs Symbol POW C
104. i 2 Inthe Installation State column check if the corresponding software is already installed e Ready to install The software is installed after you have selected it in the Install column e Ready to download The R amp S Framework installer was not able to find the installation file for the cor responding software You have to get the program somewhere for example download it off the internet and install it manually Note that all components except the Port Mapper are mandatory User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 9 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Installing the Software Note that some installation routines may not confirm the installation by a message like Installation Finished Therefore it might be necessary to restart the framework installer and check again if all components are installed Installing VISA It is also necessary to install VISA Virtual Instrument Software Architecture to access instruments connected to the PC via IEEE or LAN bus It is recommended to use the National Instruments VISA driver The National Instrument VISA driver CD is supplied together with the R amp S FSPC You can also visit http www ni com visa to get the latest version for your operating system if you are licensed to 1 1 2 Installing R amp S FS K96 After installing all required components you can install the R amp S FS K96 gt Navigate to the Software Installation category
105. ignal ofdmsys generator example mat 1 5 1 2 2 IQ data files for R amp S Signal Generators wv file mat2wv m R amp S FS K96 offers another helpful file within the Matlab tools directory mat2wv m This file automatically converts the mat file into a wv file which can be used with R amp S signal generators This wv file is stored in the same directory as the mat2wv m file and the filename equals the mat file name with wv as file extension To use this tool two steps have to be performed 1 Execute ofdmsys generator m to obtain the generated signal vector vfcSignal out of the configuration file This signal vector is needed in the second step 2 Execute mat2wv m to obtain the wanted wv file mat2wv m This function generates an UO data file wv file which can be loa ded into the arbitrary waveform generator of R amp S Signal Genera tors from a Matlab vector mat2wv vfcSignal sFilename fSampleRate bNormalize Input parameter vfcSignal Input data vector sFilename Filename of the generated wave form file fSampleRate Sample rate of the signal in Hz Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 80 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format mat2wv m This function generates an UO data file wv file which can be loa ded into the arbitrary waveform generator of R amp S Signal Genera tors from a Matlab vector bNormalize True The signal is normalized by
106. ile Matlab Configuration File Format Structure stOfdmCfg stPreamble structure Optional definition of a repetitive pre amble symbol for time synchroniza tion int32 Number of samples in the cyclic prefix 16 block iNOfSymbols int32 Number of symbols described by this 100 system definition This is also the maximum result range meStructure iINOfSymbols X Time Frequency matrix containing 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 iNfft matrix of the type of each cell in the OFDM sys 0 0 2 2 1 2 2 1 2 2 0 0 int tem J H H H J J J H H H J 0 Zero 1 Pilot 2 Data 3 Don t Care vstDataConst Array of stCon Array of constellation structures one stellation constellation structure for each data constellation viDataConstPtr Vector of uint8 For each Data entry in meStructure 0 0 1 1 2 2 this vector contains the number of the constellation used for the data cell meStructure is evaluated row wise vfcPilot Vector of com For each Pilot entry in meStructure 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j 1 j plex float32 this vector contains the complex pilot 1 j value meStructure is evaluated row 1 3j 1 j wise Structure stPreamble iBlockLength Length of the repetitive block iFrameOffset int32 Offset of the first sample of the preamble symbol to the first sample of the first symbol defined in the allocation matrix Structure stConstellation vfcValue Vector of complex float32 Vector of complex valued 1 j 1 j 1 j 1
107. iled information on the file content and the download location for updated drivers can be found in the ReadMe txt file in the same folder User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 14 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Licensing the Software dows tries to get log in information from the card immediately after you have locked the computer O You may have problems locking a computer while the card is inserted because MS Win Solve this issue by changing a registry entry Either execute the registry file DisableCAD reg in the same folder the USM Smartcard reader installation files are located Or manually change the entry e Open the Windows Start Menu and select the Run item e Enter regedit in the dialog to open the system reigistry e Navigate to HKEY LOCAL MACHINE SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows CurrentVersion policies system e Set the value of DisableCAD to 0 Note that security policies may prevent you from editing the value Contact your IT administrator if you have problems with editing the value or installing the drivers Ordering licenses New license types such as the R amp S FS K96U that upgrades the R amp S FS K96 to the R amp S FS K96PC can be ordered as registered license This means that the license key code is based on the unique serial number of the R amp S FSPC smartcard serial number 1 Start the software without a connected dongle The software opens a dialog box that contains informatio
108. in the Installation tab Wstitingtasesses Installing R amp S FS K96 OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software Release Noles After bau ristaled all required components 4 imstal the RES Foe ome Thee installer will Go Hee ilong Install Fie RAB PEK SG softerare including an uninstall tool Create a Windows Stari Menu er n Programs RES OFDM Vector Signal dnaiysis Softerara Create a shortcut on the deskian opiornal Start the softeare via Tie Eisd maru entre or the shortcut on tie daskiop fou can urinistall the sotware tettvia fhe uninstall fool available ini the Windows Eiai Menu folder orwa Wad or Remove Softeare in the reilorecz Control Fanal The Firarmoevork components haa to be uninstalled manualy wa Add or Remove Sotaa in tha Windows Control Pare Before uninstalling hie component make sure Pal op other sofware uses one of the componeris 1 Install the analysis software gt Click on the install the R amp S FS K96 link in the main window of the browser tool The browser tool starts a program OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software Version lt x x gt exe that installs the software on your system The installer performs the following actions e Install the R amp S FS K96 software including an uninstall tool e Create a Windows Start Menu entry Programs R amp S OFDM Vector Analysis Soft ware e Create a shortcut on the desktop optional e f necessary the software will specifically ask y
109. inearly increasing with frequency The estimator determines the most probable parameters that lead to the phase offsets observed on the pilot cells The resulting offset values are compensated in the frequency domain by re rotating the phase of the Rix matrix However for severe clock offsets it can be necessary to resample the received signal in the time domain and repeat the FFT stage The subsequent channel estimator determines the channel transfer function at the known pilot positions and uses interpolation to get a complete frequency response vector for all subcarriers Since the presented measurement system is intended for stationary chan nels the interpolation is performed along the frequency direction only The node values on the frequency axis are determined by averaging all available pilots of each subcarrier over time Depending on the layout of the pilots on the frequency axis an interpolation filter bank with optimum Wiener filter coefficients is calculated in advance The Wiener filter is designed under the assumption that the maximum impulse response length does not exceed the cyclic prefix length Although the channel is assumed to be stationary common phase error and power level variations are estimated symbol by symbol over the complete frame This takes settling effects of oscillators and power amplifiers into account All estimated impairments are fully compensated to get an optimum signal for the subsequent modulation detection
110. ints in the allocation matrix Ya 4 General Information This area displays the general information on your system configuration It is possible to choose a custom system name and system description by clicking on the entries Both will later be stored in your configuration file 5 Hint Area Clicking on the Light Bulb icon the software will give useful hints about the next steps that are necessary to generate a configuration file 5 2 1 1 Quick Start Guide for the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard This section will help you to quickly become familiar with the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard A WLAN 802 11a signal is used as an example Start from Preset in the R amp S FS K96 Software and load the file WlanA 64QAM iqw you can find this file in your install directory in the folder STGNALS Follow the steps as described in chapter 5 2 XML Configuration File Format on page 81 and ensure that User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 84 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format the settings in the R amp S FS K96 Software are according to the screenshot in figure 5 2 Open the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard directly from the R amp S FS K96 Software Let us now focus on the step by step bar Since you have started the R amp S FS K96 Con figuration File Wizard directly from the R amp S FS K96 Software it is already preconfigured with your signal Hence you can skip step 1
111. j constellation points User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 74 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File Matlab Configuration File Format Debugging the system configuration file An easy way to take a quick look at your allocation matrix meStructure in your system configuration file is via the Matlab function imagesc Example MyConfigFile load lt Configfilename gt imagesc MyConfigFile stOfdmCfg meStructure The plot for the examplary Wimax Configuration file that is included in your software then looks as follows Figure 1 SS o E B si File Edit wiew Insert Tools Desktop Window Help En UGMe k ARAV7T S88 L l al 0al a g WimaxOFOM DL G1 16 160A Symbols AO 100 150 200 250 Carriers 5 1 1 OFDM System Class The R amp S FS K96 provides a Matlab class which supports the user in creating the con figuration file so that he does not need to generate the configuration structure manually It is recommended to use this class The Matlab class OfdmSys is stored in the instal lation directory OfdmSys J OFDM Vector Signal Analysis Software CH CONFIGURATIONS O RS CompassStandalone 2 SIGNALS E Ey Toas E G MATLAB CO VIDEOS and contains the following functions EE User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 75 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File WEEN Matlab Configuration File Format Table 5 1 Overview of the Member Functions of the Matlab Class O
112. lable for spectrum analyzers with a digital UO input R amp S FSx B17 e File User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 55 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings BEEN General Settings Reads the UO data from a file Remote command INPut SELect on page 129 Channel Filter Selects the input filter preceding the OFDM demodulator e Standard Uses the default filter of the connected instrument e Adjustable Allows you to define the bandwidth and filter order of the lowpass filter Remote command INPut FILTer CHANnel STATe on page 129 Bandwidth 6 dB Defines the bandwidth of an adjustable channel filter The bandwidth of the filter is defined as two times the 6 dB cutoff frequency The available range is between 0 Hz and the sample rate Note that a bandwidth near the sample rate can result in backfolding of higher frequency signal parts Remote command INPut FILTer CHANnel BANDwidth on page 128 Filter Order Defines the slope characteristics of the channel filter You can select from several predefined filter orders Low Normal High or define a custom slope Manual Odd filter order values are rounded to the next higher even number Remote command INPut FILTer CHANnel ORDer on page 129 4 1 2 Advanced Settings The Advanced Settings contain settings to configure the signal input and some global measurement analysis settings The Advanced Settings tab is part of the General Settings dialog box En e
113. lizes the loaded signal in the I Q plane It is possible to zoom in and or to select points that are then highlighted in the Matrix View area Pressing the Ctrl key on your keyboard allows you to add further cells to your selection The Constellation View area contains a toolbar On the left hand side you can toggle between zoom and selection mode On the right hand side you can choose which constellation points should be visible N E Sa e Enabling the icon with the eye and the non filled check displays all the constel lation points that are not yet allocated e Enabling the icon with the eye and the green filled check displays all the constel lation points that are already allocated 3 Matrix View The matrix view area displays the 2D representation of the signal The y axis represents the time direction unit symbols the x axis represents the sub carriers The matrix view can be toggled between Frame Power and Allocation Matrix It is possible to select an area either by clicking the mouse or with the context menu Pressing the Ctrl key on your keyboard allows you to add further cells to your selection The cells within the selected area will then be highlighted in the Constel lation View The Frame Power matrix view contains a toolbar where you can choose between a black and white colormap and a jet colormap 18 The Allocation Matrix view contains a toolbar where you can choose whether to show the highlighted constellation po
114. lt DPOWCL pras The unit is always dBm Hz The following parameters are supported Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 117 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Measurements e TRACE Power vs Symbol For the Power vs Symbol result display the command returns one value for each OFDM symbol that has been analyzed lt DOWSL EEN The unit is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average power over all carriers e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all carriers e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all carriers Power vs Symbol X Carrier For the Power vs Symbol X Carrier the command returns one value for each OFDM cell lt FO Symb0O Carrier1 gt lt FO SymbO Carrier n gt lt FO Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt FO Symb1 Carrier n gt lt FO Symb n Carrier1 gt lt FO Symb n Carrier n gt lt F1 SymbO Carrier1 gt lt F1 SymbO Carrier n gt lt F1 Symb1 Carrier1 gt lt F1 Symb1 Carrier n gt lt F n Symb n Carrier1 gt lt F n Symb n Carrier n gt With F frame and Symb symbol of that subframe The unit depends on is always dBm The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the power over all carriers TRACe DATA Command TRACe DATA lt TraceData gt This command returns the trace data for the current measurement or result display For more in
115. n about a licensing error 2 Connect the smartcard dongle to the computer The software opens the Rohde amp Schwarz License Information dialog box ks Rohde amp Schwarz License Information L Io Detected Smartcard s Card Name Material Serial Device ID MAL Chip ID 1 FSPC 1310 0002k02 100069 1310 0002K02 100063 Na 2044D50F 2044 Avallable Options Card Option Created Option Type Licenses Validity F Used keycode 1 FS RISOPC 2011 09 22 08 28 Permanent 1 permanent 08113691 622005249260355431 512 1 FS RS6PC 2011 09 22 08 25 Permanent 1 permanent 33505 4445092540620607 22725161 Check Licenses Enter License Rey Code Process License File OF IDLE DLL version 2 1 20 0 3 Press the Check Licenses button The software shows all current licenses The serial number which is necessary to know if you need a license is shown in the Serial column The Device ID also contains the serial number Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 15 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Starting the Software 4 To enter a new license code press the Enter License Key Code button 1 3 Starting the Software gt Start the software with the desktop icon or select Programs Signal Analysis Software in the Windows Start menu R amp S OFDM Vector The R amp S FS K96 checks if all required components are installed on your computer After that the actual GUI opens So
116. n frame 1 Bin offset 0 00083704 Clock offset 0 20821 ppm Channel estimation passed Symbolwise estimation passed Modulation detection passed Data decision passed IQ impairment delta 0 00061 96 0 0003684 Pilot aided estimation on frame 2 Bin offset 0 00083675 Fig 3 21 Demodulation Report Remote command not supported Allocation Matrix The Allocation Matrix display is a graphical representation of the allocation matrix i e structure matrix defined in the configuration file It is possible to use the marker in order to get more detailed information on the individual cells e Press the Misc Statistic softkey e Press the Allocation Matrix softkey User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 49 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 4 Result Summary Alloc Mat Config File EE R emm mm em mn en sl CO em Symbol Number Fig 3 22 Allocation Matrix Remote command not supported Result Summary The Result Summary table is displayed for UO measurements when the display mode is set to LIST This table shows the overall scalar measurement results The statistic is performed over all analyzed frames within the capture buffer Result Summary Frames Symbols per Frame EVM Data EVM Pilot VO Offset Gain Imbalance Quadrature Error Frequency Error UP b H Sample Clock Error H R S I Frame Power Crest Factor Fig 3 23 Result Summary Display Th
117. n nnkn LaLa n n nnnnra raran nanan 142 ISENSetDEMod T xche atanh n kokata nnkn nan nnkn naa nana raran nnn 142 SENSe DEMod FSYNc lt FrameSync gt This command selects the parameter estimation mode Parameters lt FrameSync gt DAT Demodulator uses pilot and data cells for synchronization PIL Demodulator uses only pilot cells for synchronization RST PIL Example DEM FSYN PIL Selects synchronization based on the pilot cells Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 141 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control y 7 10 3 Demodulation Control SENSe DEMod MDETect lt DemodMode gt This command selects the auto demodulation mode Parameters lt DemodMode gt CARR Assumes one constellation for all data cells in the carriers CFG Evaluates the modulation matrix within the configuration file SYM Assigns the data cells of each symbol to one constellation RST CFG Example DEM MDET CFG Selects evaluation of the modulation matrix in the configuration file SENSe DEMod TSYNc lt TimingSync gt This command selects the time synchronization mode Parameters lt TimingSync gt CP Performs time synchronization by correlating the cyclic prefix PREAM Performs time synchronization by correlating the recurring pre amble structure RST CP Example DEM TSYN CP Selects time synchronization based on the cyclic prefix Compensation Settings SENSE COMPer sate CHANG EE 142 SENGO TRACKNO LEVO oerrinne
118. n report ccccecccsececeeeeeceeeeseeeeseeeeeees 49 T Error Freq Phase ccccccceececeeseceeceteeeeseeeseeeaeess 42 EVM VS Carrier c cccccecccececeeececeeeeaeeeeeseseeeeeeeaeess 41 EVM VS SYMDOI cece 42 Trigger Level anccssisctnosnoantacttveaenivorsatiattardunteatnnoeriaibeniaxgentnls 55 User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 152 Trigger Mode scccosntans quencnecccsrncsunnstdspessianbunantampataesanenaseanneas 54 Trigger Offset cccccccccsseeeeceeeee ceseeeeesseseeessageessaesensaees 54 U GNS eee a eae etree eee 60 W te EE 65 Y KEN EEN 60
119. n these results it is then possible to start the R amp S FS K96 Configuration File Wizard see figure 5 5 and to generate a configuration file The dialog box consists of the following elements e Input Settings Input Settings Input Source File zZ For more information see chapter 4 1 1 5 Input Settings on page 55 e Data Capture Settings Data Capture Settings Frequency 1 GHz Sampling Rate 20 HHz Capture Time 20 ms For more information see chapter 4 1 1 2 Data Capture Settings on page 52 e General Demodulation Settings General Demodulation Settings Burst Search wi Result Length 10 e OFDM Symbol Characteristics OFDM Symbol Characteristics FFT Length Samples Cyclic Prefs Length ee Samples Config For more information see chapter 4 2 1 2 OFDM Symbol Characteristics on page 66 e Visualization Visualization _ i 10000 40000 Sample Time Run Single Refresh Start RAS FS E96 Configuration File Wizard Shows a preview of the signal and probable errors User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 65 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings 4 2 1 2 Demodulation Settings OFDM Symbol Characteristics The OFDM Symbol Characteristics contain settings to configure the OFDM symbol in the time domain The OFDM Symbol Characteristics are part of the Signal Description tab of the Demod Settings dialog box Signal Description Demadulation Control OFDM Symbol Chara
120. nace EE EEE E EEE E EEE EEEE EE EEEN 134 TO EE 136 L Signal Descriptiu iinan Eaa 137 7 9 1 System Confgouraton NENNEN 137 7 9 2 OFDM Symbol Characteristics ccccccccccseeeeceeeeeceeeeeseeseeseeeesseeeessaeeeseneeessesessageees 138 7 9 3 Preamble Symbol Characherstcs 140 7 40 Demo odulation Geer 140 210 1 E EE de EE 140 7 10 2 Synchronization Gettnge s ssssiieneinsnsinnneironi inina iaaa eaaa a e ada 141 7 10 3 Compensation Gettnge A 142 LENOA Adyanced RE ue EE 143 ne EE ees User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 5 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Installing the Software 1 Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Installing the Nise EE 7 e Licensing the Gofhware kA 12 Slanng the SAS E 16 SE E shi ssc haste case we pare cst cee edt eee bed ech henge E abead Anes asvod dee ssadeuece 17 1 1 Installing the Software Working with the R amp S FS K96 requires the installation of the software itself and the installation of several software components The best way to install the software and the required components is to use the browser tool that is delivered with the software If you install the software from a CD ROM systems that support the AutoRun function ality of the MS Windows operating system automatically start the browser If the system does not support the AutoRun feature or if you install the software from the download package available on the internet you have to start the browser manually
121. nalyzed frame UO constellation measurements e UO Offset Power Shows the power at spectral line 0 normalized to the total transmitted power e Gain Imbalance Shows the logarithm of the Q Channel to I Channel gain ratio e Quadrature Error Shows the measure of the phase angle between Q Channel and Channel deviating from the ideal 90 degrees Frequency measurements e Frequency Error Shows the difference between measured and reference center frequency e Sample Clock Error Shows the difference between measured and reference sample clock relative to the system sampling rate Power measurements e Frame Power Shows the average time domain power of the analyzed frame e Crest Factor Shows the peak to average power ratio of the analyzed frame Graphical Results The R amp S FS K96 provides the following graphical result displays Power measurements e Power vs Symbol X Carrier Evaluates the power profile of all cells in the analyzed frame e Power vs Carrier Evaluates the power of all carriers in the analyzed frame averaged over the symbols e Power vs Symbol Evaluates the power of all symbols in the analyzed frame averaged over the carriers e Capture Buffer Evaluates the power profile of the capture buffer data being analyzed e Power Spectrum Evaluates the power density spectrum of the complete capture buffer Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 35 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measuremen
122. nary file Contains the binary I Q data of all channels There must be only one single Q data binary file inside an iq tar file Optionally an iq tar file can contain the following file e IO preview xslt file Contains a stylesheet to display the I Q parameter ml file and a preview of the I Q data in a web browser S ee ee een ad User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 31 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration a EE Data Management 2 4 3 Demodulation Data The R amp S FS K96 allows you to save the demodulated data for further evaluation in Mat lab The demodulated data is collected at the end of the signal chain and is stored in a time frequency matrix representing the analyzed OFDM frames Exporting data 1 Press the FILE key 2 Press the Save Demod Data softkey SCPI command MMEMory STORe DEMod STATe on page 145 If you have described the signal with the Configuration File Wizard proceed as follows to export the demodulation data The demodulation data can also be read out via remote control commands The demodu i lated symbols and the reference symbols are available as traces 3 and 4 of the constel lation diagram This allows a seamless integration of the R amp S FS K96 within larger OFDM software projects The demodulation data is stored in a MATLAB file mat This file contains two matrices named mfcRIk and mfcAlk e The matrix mfcRIk contains the demodulated and corrected OFDM symbols e T
123. nfiguration File Configuration File C Program Files x86 R ohde Schwar Ess 802 11ac 20 MHz Long CP Humber Of Subcarriers 64 e Humber Of Symbols 100 Cyclic Prefix Length 16 Samples Data Modulation L 5IG VHT SIG A VHT SIG B Data BDO Data QPSK Data_16QAM Data_6b40AM Data_75604M kanua Connora EE 64 Sae tie EE 64 Configuration with KE E 65 Manual Configuration Manual Configuration allows to specify an OFDM system without using a system con figuration file The basic OFDM parameters can be entered manually If manual config uration is enabled no frame synchronization can be performed EVM or Channel meas urements are not available The constellation diagram will still show a rotation Remote command CONFigure SYSTem MANual on page 137 Configuration File Configuration File allows loading a configuration file which defines the specific OFDM system Pressing opens a file manager The configuration file contains the system name and a system description which are displayed within the text fields Note It is also possible to load a configuration file by drag and drop Remote command MMEMory LOAD CFGFile on page 138 aaa User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 64 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings Demodulation Settings Configuration with Wizard Generate Configuration File opens a dialog that displays the necessary settings for a burst detection and a coarse timing synchronization Based o
124. nfinity or negative infinity Represents the numeric values 9 9E37 or 9 9E37 e NAN Not a number Represents the numeric value 9 91E37 NAN is returned in case of errors 7 2 5 2 Boolean Boolean parameters represent two states The ON state logically true is represented by ON or a numeric value 1 The OFF state logically untrue is represented by OFF or the numeric value 0 Querying boolean parameters When you query boolean parameters the system returns either the value 1 ON or the value 0 OFF User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 109 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 2 5 3 7 2 5 4 7 2 5 5 7 3 Common Commands Example Setting DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe ON Query DISPlay WINDow ZOOM STATe would return 1 Character Data Character data follows the syntactic rules of keywords You can enter text using a short or a long form For more information see chapter 7 2 1 Long and Short Form on page 107 Querying text parameters When you query text parameters the system returns its short form Example Setting SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE NORMal Query SENSe BANDwidth RESolution TYPE would return NORM Character Strings Strings are alphanumeric characters They have to be in straight quotation marks You can use a single quotation mark or a double quotation mark Example INSTRument DELete Spectrum Block Data Block data is a format which is suitable for the
125. nt contact one of our Customer Support Centers A team of highly qualified engineers provides telephone support and will work with you to find a solution to your query on any aspect of the operation programming or applications of Rohde amp Schwarz equipment Up to date information and upgrades To keep your instrument up to date and to be informed about new application notes related to your instrument please send an e mail to the Customer Support Center stating your instrument and your wish We will take care that you will get the right information Europe Africa Middle East Phone 49 89 4129 12345 customersupport rohde schwarz com North America Phone 1 888 TEST RSA 1 888 837 8772 customer support rsa rohde schwarz com Latin America Phone 1 410 910 7988 customersupport la rohde schwarz com Asia Pacific Phone 6565 13 04 88 customersupport asia rohde schwarz com China Phone 86 800 810 8228 86 400 650 5896 customersupport china rohde schwarz com ROHDE amp SCHWARZ 1171 0200 22 06 00 Quality management and environmental management Sehr geehrter Kunde Sie haben sich fur den Kauf eines Rohde amp Schwarz Produk tes entschieden Sie erhalten damit ein nach modernsten Fer tigungsmethoden hergestelltes Produkt Es wurde nach den Regeln unserer Qualitats und Umweltmanagementsysteme entwickelt gefertigt und gepruft Rohde amp Schwarz ist unter ande rem nach den Managementsys temen ISO 9001 und ISO 1400
126. nterval User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 143 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control WEE File Management Parameters lt FFTShift gt Numeric value that defines the FFT shift The value is normalized to the length of the guard interval Rot 0 5 Example DEM EFETS 0 6 Defines an FFT shift of 0 6 SENSe DEMod COFFset lt Offset gt This command defines the maximum allowed carrier offset for frame synchronization Parameters lt Offset gt Frequency offset in terms of Ssub carriers RST 0 Example SENS DEM COFF 2 Defines a frequency offset of two subcarriers 7 11 File Management FORMAC DATA E 144 MMEMOV LOAD CF OFE EE 145 MMENS LOAD RESTAT EE 145 MMEO LOADS TA KE 145 RTI ne e E E sic cnn cieminasriainnicaniesnwasiaaaneia donidmennamesneaa sds maces iwseinendunaie saint 145 MMEMory STORG JOSTA KE 146 AVIV heir yet TE e TAT Cisse eege 146 FORMat DATA lt Format gt This command specifies the data format for the data transmission between the R amp S FS K96 and the remote client Parameters for setting and query lt Format gt ASCii ASCII format returns a list of values separated by commas Empty fields are labeled NaN REAL Binary REAL 32 format returns the data in block format accord ing to IEEE 488 2 The data is arranged in lists of 32 bit IEEE 754 floating point numbers RST ASCii Example FORM REAL Selects the Real32 data format User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 144 R amp S
127. nts The Trigger Settings are part of the Primary tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Trigger Settings Trigger Mode External M Port 1 nd Trigger Offset Os Trigger Level Auto Level L IAM ve Let ege E 54 Re l a EE 54 Te E EE 54 Re oa EE EE 55 Trigger Mode Selects the trigger source The R amp S FS K96 supports the following trigger sources e Free Run The measurement starts immediately e External The measurement starts when the external trigger signal meets or exceeds the specified external trigger level at the EXT TRIGGER GATE input connector e IF Power The measurement starts when the IF power meets or exceeds the specified trigger level The IF Power trigger is available for measurements with a spectrum analyzer Remote command TRIGger SEQuence MODE on page 127 Trigger Port Selects the trigger port Trigger port selection is available for an external trigger source and for measurements with instruments that have more than one trigger port for example R amp S FSW Remote command TRIGger SEQuence PORT on page 128 Trigger Offset Defines the time offset between the trigger signal and the start of the sweep A negative offset corresponds to a pre trigger Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 54 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings SSS ae General Settings The trigger offset is available for all trigger sources except the Free Run source Remote comm
128. number of data cells 6 3 2 1 Q Impairments The UO imbalance can be written as ck REO J C Ibe where s t is the transmit signal r t is the received signal and G and Gag are the weighting factors Definition from Transmitter Model Gain Lbranch Gain Q branch 1 AQ complex Go IG Gain Imbalance 20 log e _ Im Co 180 Quadrature Error arctan E 1G d WA Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 104 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Remote Control Setup Remote Control e Remote ais EE 105 EN en Ee ION EE 106 COMMON COMANO EE 110 lt EEN TEEN 111 s MER 122 FPAmay EE 123 Advanced Seini E 129 e Measurement Gettngs ENEE 134 e Signal CEDIES 137 ER Ree EE Lee Conio DEE 140 e File DE E 144 EE 146 7 1 Remote Control Setup Before you can remote control the software you have to set up a connection between the software and the remote scripting tool MATLAB is an example of a remote scripting tool Because the R amp S FS K96 runs on a computer not an instrument you have to connect the scripting tool to the computer 1 Start the R amp S FS K96 2 Optional Connect the R amp S FS K96 to an analyzer or oscilloscope 3 Start the remote scripting tool 4 Connect your remote scripting tool to the local host e g TCPIP localhost nan User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 105 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Introduction RF OUTPUT FS K 96 OFDM V
129. o Level Track Time specifies the sweep time used for the auto level measurements This parameter is editable only when RF input is selected and the Auto Level function is turned on Remote command CONFigure POWer AUTO SWEep TIME on page 132 RF Attenuation RF Attenuation specifies the mechanical attenuation to be applied to the input RF signal Attenuation is possible from 0 dB to 75 dB in steps of 5 dB RF attenuation is available for measurements with spectrum analyzers and if the input source is the RF input If the Auto Level function is on attenuation is unavailable Remote command INPut ATTenuation on page 132 El Attenuation El Attenuation specifies the electrical attenuation to be applied to the input RF signal You can define the attenuation level manually or automatically by the software Electronic attenuation is possible from 0 dB to 30 dB in steps of 5 dB The electrical attenuator can be switched off completely Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 59 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings OO 4 1 2 5 4 1 3 1 General Settings Electronic attenuation is available for measurements with spectrum analyzers and if the input source is the RF input If the Auto Level function is on attenuation is unavailable Remote command INPut EATT STATe on page 133 INPut EATT AUTO on page 133 INPut EATT on page 133 YIG Filter YIG Filter specifies the state of the YIG filter in a spectrum analyzer
130. o multiple carriers called sub carriers which are orthogonal to each other Each of these subcarriers is independently modulated by a low rate data stream OFDM is used as well in WLAN WiMAX and broadcast technologies like DVB OFDM has several benefits including its robustness against multipath fading and its efficient receiver architecture figure 6 1 shows a representation of an OFDM signal taken from 3GPP TR 25 892 Data symbols are independently modulated and transmitted over a high number of closely spaced orthogonal subcarriers In the OFDM VSA common modulation schemes as QPSK 16QAM and 64QAM can be defined as well as arbitrary distributed constellation points In the time domain a guard interval may be added to each symbol to combat inter OFDM symbol interference due to channel delay spread In EUTRA the guard interval is a cyclic prefix which is inserted prior to each OFDM symbol FFT hhh _ Sub camers Wn Frequency a EE E aT r k ef e EN Time Fig 6 1 Frequency Time Representation of an OFDM Signal In practice the OFDM signal can be generated using the inverse fast Fourier transform IFFT digital signal processing The IFFT converts a number N of complex data symbols used as frequency domain bins into the time domain signal Such an N point IFFT is illustrated in figure 6 2 where a mN n refers to the n subchannel modulated data symbol during the time period mT lt t lt m 1 T User Manual 1310
131. of he components you want io install Eie componen ig Reads io iea d ran be inghaled be pest Seeche The component wath Ee Chet hice in fhe fret column and clicking retall selected compeorerts afereands Ihe coeponen is Reads to doeniogd the Frarrsweek ineiaiier cannot ind Pe ingisiaiion fie on aloca hand dree Toy need io dnia the componant ard instal manually ingia he missing components wih Fe Install selected components bufon si ai VTS fis Nemesis bo imeal IS Gre retried Gotvarne Architecture crezs Frbt ronpntz oormecled fo Tre PC wa IEEE or LAM bus Peaga use the Haboeal insinaents VGA The Nabonal instrument Vi6A dower CD is supplied fogether eth the HES FSP Cou can also wen blo ees Hrpmbezaboetfrelaiesg varaion Sr your Operating sesh 1 Navigation and address bar 2 Safety Instructions tab 3 Software Installation tab 4 Documentation tab 5 Contact tab 6 Tab menu 7 Main window The Installation tab has three categories in the tab menu Required Components Contains a guide to install the software components that are necessary to run the software Software Installation Contains a guide to install the R amp S FS K96 itself Release Notes Contains the release notes that were issued with each software release 1 1 1 Installing Required Components You have to install several software components required to successfully run the soft ware All components are delivered with the R am
132. of the R amp S analyzers and oscilloscopes The VXI 11 protocol is supported as of R amp S FSQ firmware version 3 65 and by all firmware version of the R amp S FSV R R amp S FSG and oscilloscopes e Complete VISA Resource String Allows you to enter the complete VISA resource string manually A VISA string is made up out of the elements mentioned above separated by double colons e g GPIB 32022 RON Available for interface type Free Entry Subsystem Shows the subsystem in use Typically you do not have to change the subsystem VISA RSC Shows or defines the complete VISA resource string SCPI command CONFigure ADDRess lt analyzer gt on page 122 ee a ee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 23 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration 2 1 2 1 Instrument Connection Test Connection Button that tests the connection If the connection has been established successfully the software returns a PASSED message If not it shows a FAILED message Figuring Out IP Addresses Each of the supported instruments logs its network connection information in a different place Find instructions on how to find out the necessary information below Figuring Out the Address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Follow these steps to figure out GPIB or IP address of an R amp S FSQ or R amp S FSG Figuring Out the GPIB address 1 Press the SETUP key 2 Press the General Setup softkey 3 Press the GPIB softkey The R amp S FSQ F
133. on IP Address 25 2 2 Software Configuration The Setup menu contains various general software functions gt Press the SETUP key to access the Setup menu Configure Instrument Connection Opens the Instrument Connection Configuration dialog box For more information see chapter 2 1 1 Instrument Connection Configuration on page 22 Remote command CONFigure ADDRess lt analyzer gt on page 122 Data Source Instr File Selects the general input source an instrument or a file Remote Control Settings Turns remote control support on and off Show Logging Opens a dialog box that contains a log of all messages that the software has shown in the status bar Use the message log for debugging purposes in case any errors occur You can refresh and clear the contents of the log or copy the contents of the system log to the clipboard Refresh Updates the contents of the log Clear All Deletes all entries in the log Copy to Clip Copies the contents of the log to the clipboard board System Info Opens a dialog box that contains information about the system like driver versions or the utility software You can use this information in case an analyzer does not work properly User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 27 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration Display Configuration 2 3 Display Configuration The Display menu contains functionality to improve the display and documentation of results gt
134. on hi H Estimation D Estimation ki H Detection Decision ce Freq Clock Offset Channel CPE Gain Pilot Aided Block A_lk A_lk Data Aided Block Measurement Block PHASE_TRACKING TIMING_TRACKING Freq Clock EE Channel CPE Gain Estimation H Estimation Estimation GAIN_TRACKING Freq Clock Offset Channel CPE Gain CHANNEL_COMP User Defined Compensation EVM Measurement Fig 6 12 Block Diagram of the FS K96 OFDM Measurement The block diagram in Fig 79 shows the OFDM VSA measurement from the capture buffer containing the I Q data to the actual analysis block The signal processing chain can be divided in four major blocks e Synchronization Block e Pilot Aided Block e Data Aided Block e Measurement Block 6 2 3 1 Synchronization Block The synchronization starts with a burst detection that extracts transmission areas within a burst signal by a power threshold For seamless transmission as is the case in most broadcast systems it is possible to bypass this block The following time synchronization uses either the preamble or the cyclic prefix of each OFDM symbol to find the optimum starting point for the FFT by acorrelation metric If preamble synchronization is selected the correlation is done between successive blocks of a repetitive preamble structure Alternatively the cyclic prefix synchronization correlates the guard interval of each sym bol with the end of the FFT part Both methods additionally re
135. on page 130 Balanced Turns symmetric or balanced input on and off If active a ground connection is not necessary If you are using an assymetrical unbal anced setup the ground connection runs through the shield of the coaxial cable that is used to connect the DUT PE E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 57 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings BE General Settings Available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input Remote command INPut 1I1Q BALanced STATe on page 130 Lowpass Turns an anti aliasing low pass filter on and off The filter has a cut off frequency of 36 MHz and prevents frequencies above from being mixed into the usable frequency range Note that if you turn the filter off harmonics or spurious emissions of the DUT might be in the frequency range above 36 MHz and might be missed You can turn it off for measurement bandwidths greater than 30 MHz Available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input Remote command SENSe 1Q LPASs STATe on page 131 Dither Adds a noise signal into the signal path of the baseband input Dithering improves the linearity of the A D converter at low signal levels or low modulation Improving the linearity also improves the accuracy of the displayed signal levels The signal has a bandwidth of 2 MHz with a center frequency of 38 93 MHz Available for spectrum analyzers with an analog baseband input Remote command SENSe 1Q DITHer STATe on page 1
136. only part of the syntax because of SCPI compliance You can include them in the header or not se ee ee ee mn nad User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 107 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 2 4 7 2 5 7 2 5 1 Introduction Note that if an optional keyword has a numeric suffix and you need to use the suffix you have to include the optional keyword Otherwise the suffix of the missing keyword is assumed to be the value 1 Optional keywords are emphasized with square brackets Example Without a numeric suffix in the optional keyword SENSe FREQuency CENTer is the same aS FREQuency CENTer With a numeric suffix in the optional keyword DISPlay WINDow lt 1 4 gt ZOOM STATe DISPlay ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 1 no suffix DISPlay WINDow4 ZOOM STATe ON enables the zoom in window 4 Alternative Keywords A vertical stroke indicates alternatives for a specific keyword You can use both keywords to the same effect Example SENSe BANDwidth BWIDth RESolution In the short form without optional keywords BAND 1MHZ would have the same effect as BWID 1MHZ SCPI Parameters Many commands feature one or more parameters lf a command supports more than one parameter these are separated by a comma Example LAYout ADD WINDow Spectrum LEFT MTABle Parameters may have different forms of values gr EE Tee e 108 BOGLAM EE 109 Maaco EE 110 Character SINOS EE 110 DOC DI E 110 Nume
137. onsists of one value for each trace point lt relative power gt The unit is always dB The following parameters are supported e TRACE Returns the average power over all frames e TRACE2 Returns the minimum power found over all frames e TRACE3 Returns the maximum power found over all frames Channel Group Delay For the Channel Group Delay result display the command returns one value for each trace point lt group delay gt The unit is always ns The following parameters are supported e TRACE Returns the average group delay over all frames e TRACE2 Returns the minimum group delay found over all frames e TRACE3 Returns the maximum group delay found over all frames Channel Impulse Response For the Channel Impulse Response result display the command returns one value for each trace point User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 114 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control Measurements lt impulse response gt The channel impulse response is the inverse FFT of the estimated channel transfer func tion The time axis spans one FFT interval The following parameters are supported e TRACE1 Returns the average impulse response over all frames e TRACE2 Returns the minimum impulse response found over all frames e TRACE3 Returns the maximum impulse response found over all frames Constellation Diagram For the Constellation Diagram the command returns two values for each constellation point
138. ou to set the required environment variables gt Start the software via the Windows Start Menu entry or the shortcut on the desktop Sia User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 10 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 SSE IMIiil Installing the Software Checking the installation After the installation is finished you chan check if the functionality of the software is fully available You can perform this test without a license in Demo Mode 1 Start the software 2 Press the Demod Settings softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens the Signal Description tab of the Demodulation Set tings dialog box 3 Press the button to select a configuration file Signal Description Demodulation Control System Configuration Manual Configuration Generate Configuration File Configuration File C Program Files x66 Rohde Schwar eer WimaxOfdm_D L_G1_16_16QAM Wiha OFDM DownlinkTg Tb 1 16 a Data modulation 1604AM Preamble included in frame 4 Select the file WimaxOfdm DL G1 16 16 mat The file is in the CONFIGURATIONS directory of the software program folder 5 Press the Run Gol key The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to select a signal file 6 Select the file WimaxOfdm DL G1 16 16QAM iqw The file is in the SIGNALS directory of the software program folder If the installation was succesful the software should display a valid measurement result Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02
139. ower vs Symbol Display The power is measured with a resolution bandwidth that equals the carrier spacing User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 38 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements All analyzed frames are concatenated in symbol direction with blue lines marking the frame borders Carriers which contain Zero cells over the complete symbol range e g guard carriers or DC carrier are excluded from the statistic You can display the power vs symbol for a particular carrier with Power Selection Remote command CALC FEED POW PVSY TRACe DATA Capture Buffer The capture buffer shows the complete range of captured data for the last sweep The Capture Buffer display shows the power of the captured I Q data versus time in dBm The analyzed frames are identified with a green bar at the bottom of the Capture Buffer dis play e Press the Power softkey e Press the Capture Buffer softkey Capture Buffer Op Time rz Fig 3 4 Capture Buffer Display All UO measurements process the same signal data Therefore all UO measurement results are available after a single Q measurement has been executed I Q measure ments may be performed for RF or baseband input Remote command CALC FEED POW CBUF TRACe DATA Power Spectrum The Power Spectrum display shows the power density spectrum of the complete capture buffer in dBm Hz e Press the Power softkey e Press the Power Spectrum so
140. p S FS K96 Required components Microsoft NET Framework 2 0 Microsoft Visual C Runtime Library a specific version delivered with the R amp S FS K96 MATLAB Component Runtime Intel IPP Library VISA User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 8 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 Installing the Software gt Navigate to the Required Components category in the Installation tab Safety inesir uc teers Documemiaien contact O na Required Components Release Noies That RES Fe OFDM Vector Bagnall Analesis Gotware needs rome additonal soare components to run propery Follow the sieps below Installation kret Micros MEI te ameseuuk Version 2 0 D heck io MET iristalied are ssage Gor bels you ia HET Framework ts imetabed or not H MET is mod installed i2 HET r meen Installer ewe ard l thet instructors gi ang eg ed Components ge Sian fe mistalighon of al required components net In Pam ewn installer esr A dialog bow lists allrequred components Crath re llahbon bate of fhe comporments you sari to install o A ihe component is Ready to install Acan be installed by just selecting ie component ef he checkbos in fie frst colurnn and clicking natal selecied components Waras d ithe component is Read io download the Frameevork installer canmol find the installation fie on local hard dove You need io download the Component are instal fl ri arily e Install he missing Components
141. ply another color via the Background Color softkey and the corresponding dialog box Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 28 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration WEE Data Management Hardcopy For documentation purposes the software provides a hardcopy function that lets you save the current results in one of the following formats e bmp e gif e jpeg e png e tiff Use the Hardcopy to Clipboard function to take a screenshot SCPI command MMEMory NAME on page 147 HCOPy IMMediate on page 147 2 4 Data Management The R amp S FS K96 allows you to import and export various types of data to and from a file The necessary functionality is part of the File menu E EE 29 aie EE 30 De modu lation DAA a rr ee ee on eee en ee eee 32 MS EE 33 2 4 1 Settings The R amp S FS K96 allows you to save the current measurement settings Saving settings is an easy way to use the same configuration again at a later time Exporting settings 1 Press the FILE key 2 Press the Save Settings softkey The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to define the file name SCPI command MMEMory STORe STATe on page 146 Restoring settings 1 Press the FILE key 2 Press the Recall Settings softkey User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 29 R amp S FS K96 K96PC General Configuration BEES 2 4 2 Data Management The R amp S FS K96 opens a dialog box to select a configuration file 3 Alternatively drag
142. re E 56 e Analog Baseband Settings kA 57 Digtal aA SONGS E 58 Advanced Level SettingS cccccscccssseccccsseecseseecseseecesaeeecsaseeceegeeesseeeessaseessaseeess 59 Me GPa EUNIS EE 60 4 1 2 1 UO Settings The I Q settings contain settings that control the I Q data flow User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 56 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings ee 4 1 2 2 General Settings The I Q Settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Settings dialog box Primary Advanced Meaz 1 0 Settings Swap Be EE 57 Swap UO Swaps the real I branch and the imaginary Q branch parts of the signal Remote command SENSe SWAPig on page 130 Analog Baseband Settings The Analog Baseband Settings contain settings to configure the baseband input source The Analog Baseband Settings are part of the Advanced tab of the General Set tings dialog box Primary Advanced Meas Analog Baseband Settings Input Impedance ER Ohm O Path ie ll Balanced lw Low Pass Filter Iw Dither E left gingt e EE S7 SIE ue 57 Baier 58 ENEE EE 58 Input Impedance Selects the input impedance The available impedances depend on the type of instrument e Spectrum analyzers support impedances of 50 Q or 1 KQ Selecting the input impedance is available for analyzers with an analog baseband input R amp S FSQ B71 e Oscilloscopes support impedances of 50 Q or 1 MQ Remote command INPut IQ IMPedance
143. rection Remote command CALC FEED EVM EVSC TRACe DATA EVM vs Carrier The EVM vs Carrier display shows the EVM of each carrier of the received signal frames in dB or depending on the unit settings with statistics in symbol direction e Press the EVM softkey e Press the EVM vs Carrier softkey EVM vs Carrier All Symbols Maximum 25 5 dB o 4 Carrier Minimum 76 9 dE co 3 Carrier 3 SE i F ail ap M du i i k a d NM E f i V iH H d Fig 3 8 EVM vs Carrier Display You can display the EVM vs carrier for a particular symbol with the EVM Selection function Remote command CALC FEED EVM EVCA TRACe DATA ne ee nee aes User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 41 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays BESSER UO Measurements EVM vs Symbol The EVM vs Symbol display shows the EVM of each symbol of the received signal frames in dB or depending on the unit settings with statistics in carrier direction All analyzed frames are concatenated in symbol direction with blue lines marking the frame borders Carriers which contain Zero cells over the complete symbol range e g guard carriers or DC carrier are excluded from the statistic e Press the EVM softkey e Press the EVM vs Symbol softkey E M vs Symbol All Camers Maximum 25 5 dB o 25 Symbol Minimum 76 9 dB on 63 Symbol EVM dB AL d i a L ez GE D A pe a U l i y d r 5 y mbol Num be T Fig 3
144. ric Values Numeric values can be entered in any form i e with sign decimal point or exponent In case of physical quantities you can also add the unit If the unit is missing the command uses the basic unit E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 108 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control SSS eS SSS R Introduction Example with unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ without unit SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1E9 would also set a frequency of 1 GHz Values exceeding the resolution of the instrument are rounded up or down If the number you have entered is not supported e g in case of discrete steps the command returns an error Instead of a number you can also set numeric values with a text parameter in special cases e MIN MAX Defines the minimum or maximum numeric value that is supported e DEF Defines the default value e UP DOWN Increases or decreases the numeric value by one step The step size depends on the setting In some cases you can customize the step size with a corresponding command Querying numeric values When you query numeric values the system returns a number In case of physical quan tities it applies the basic unit e g Hz in case of frequencies The number of digits after the decimal point depends on the type of numeric value Example Setting SENSe FREQuency CENTer 1GHZ Query SENSe FREQuency CENTer would return 1E9 In some cases numeric values may be returned as text e INF NINF I
145. rrier spacing The power levels are represented by colors The corresponding color map is displayed at the top of the result display All analyzed frames are concatenated in symbol direction Remote command CALC FEED POW PVSC TRACe DATA a a O en ee L eet User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 37 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements Power vs Carrier The Power vs Carrier display shows the power of each carrier of the received signal frames in dBm with statistics in symbol direction e Press the Power softkey e Press the Power vs Carrier softkey Power vs Carrer All Symbols Maximum 42 8 dBm 56 Carrier Minimum 126 2 dm t 3 Carrier pes Wi fl f a ANY d i Hi L fl A Ti in am l oo Mal Lol k mi D E Hr JN ui y l e Carmer Number Fig 3 2 Power vs Carrier Display The power is measured with a resolution bandwidth that equals the carrier spacing You can display the power vs carrier for a particular symbol with Power Selection Remote command CALC FEED POW PVCA TRACe DATA Power vs Symbol The Power vs Symbol display shows the power of each symbol of the received signal frames in dBm with statistics in carrier direction e Press the Power softkey e Press the Power vs Symbol softkey Power vs Symbol All Camiers Maximum 42 8 dBm 1 Symbol Minimum 126 2 dBm 63 Symbol Power dE m Sy mbal Mum be t Fig 3 3 P
146. s The parameter has no meaning in manual mode Sania User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 68 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Settings 4 2 2 4 2 2 1 Demodulation Settings Demodulation Control The Demodulation Control contains advanced demodulation settings The Demodulation Control tab is part of the Demod Settings dialog box General SS EE 69 Elei gelaut EEN 70 e Compensation SOM Si assis cidloea ere ouidalnnescesinawine ge ee Nee EC EeEN 71 ee ico El CC ie ee ee ee eee ee ee ee ee eee eee cee eee 72 General Settings The General Demodulation Settings contain settings to control the position and length of the OFDM frame in the capture buffer The General Demodulation Settings are part of the Demodulation Control tab of the Demod Settings dialog box Signal Description Uemodulation Control General Settings Burst Search iw May Frames to Analyze as Result Length Ba Symbols Rc ES e E 69 Maximum Frames to Analvze ue 69 KE SUR LOTO eE A mae menace 69 Burst Search Burst Search specifies whether the demodulator shall search for power bursts before time synchronization If enabled the successive demodulation steps are restricted to the signal areas which contain significant power For continuous signals this parameter has to be disabled Remote command SENSe DEMod FORMat BURSt on page 140 Maximum Frames to Analyze Max Frames to Analyze specifies the maximum number of frames which are an
147. s eerste cal NEES 123 o Dad erect wes pce reece AEREE Eed ence ecb meee 123 E IN sissies picts E esc ee ened tesa E A E ena adag ad adneniesenaaace 124 rs cide errssseeise ata sectarian aei eee dee aaa iE 126 S p E 128 7 6 1 Instrument Settings Oa i T YP E raaa R E a 123 CONFIGUIE Ate Kee TT ocdnindeinecscaasdncuecansasdeanduvancusn ondaeadenpaedendessededdncnedad daeadagseaeevaanenens 123 CONFigure INSTrument TYPE lt Mode gt This command selects the type of instrument you want to use for the measurement For more information on supported instruments see chapter 2 1 Instrument Connec tion on page 22 Parameters lt Mode gt RTX Selects an oscilloscope SPA Selects a spectrum or signal analyzer Example CONF INST TYPE SPA Selects measurements with a spectrum analyzer CONFigure RTO CHANnel lt Mode gt This command selects the signal input channel of an oscilloscope The availability of measurement channels depends on the oscilloscope model you are using Parameters lt Mode gt CH1 CH2 CH3 CH4 Example CONF RTO CHAN CH1 Configures channel 1 to be the input channel 7 6 2 Data Capture SENSE iF RE Quen CENT acina a E a a a aaa a E 124 ISENSel SuWEen TIME karaoko arara roaraa anaana norana anoen ann 124 TRACE E KEE 124 Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 123 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 6 3 Primary Settings SENSe FREQuency CENTer lt Frequency gt This command defines
148. sults UNIT FAXes lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for result displays that show results over the frequency for example the Power Spectrum Parameters lt Unit gt HZ Frequency axis represents Hz SRAT Frequency axis represents the sample rate CSP Frequency axis represents the carrier spacing RST Hz Example UNIT FAX Hz Selects Hz as the unit of the frequency axis UNIT IRES lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for impulse response results Parameters lt Unit gt DB Returns impulse response results in dB LIN Returns impulse response results normalized to 1 RST LIN Example UNIT IRES DB Selects dB as the unit for impulse response results UNIT SAXes lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for result displays that show results on symbol level for example the EVM vs Symbol Sal User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 135 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 8 2 Measurement Settings Parameters lt Unit gt SYM S SYM Symbol axis represents symbols S Symbol axis represents seconds RST SYM Example UNIT SAX SYM Selects symbols as the unit of the symbol axis UNIT TAXes lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for result displays that show results over time for example the Channel Impulse Response Parameters lt Unit gt S Time axis represents seconds SAM Time axis represents samples SYM Time axis represents symbols RST S Example UNIT TAX
149. tellation Diagram Display Remote command CALC FEED CONS CONS TRACe DATA Constellation vs Carrier The Constellation vs Carrier display shows the inphase and quadrature magnitude results of all symbols over the respective carriers The inphase values are displayed as yellow dots the quadrature values are displayed as blue dots e Press the Constell softkey e Press the Constell vs Carrier softkey Constellation s Carrier Const Lea Get _ Cc Fie T Carrier Humber Fig 3 16 Constellation vs Carrier Display Remote command CALC FEED CONS CVCA User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 46 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays EE UO Measurements Constellation vs Symbol The Constellation vs Symbol display shows the inphase and quadrature magnitude results of all carriers over the respective symbols The inphase values are displayed as yellow dots the quadrature values are displayed as blue dots All analyzed frames are concatenated in symbol direction with blue lines marking the frame borders e Press the Constell softkey e Press the Constell vs Symbol softkey Constellation vs Time onst Jm onst Re I 40 A BU Symbol Number Fig 3 17 Constellation vs Symbol Display Remote command CALC FEED CONS CVSY Constellation Selection Opens a dialog box to filter the results that are displayed in the constellation diagrams Constellation Sele
150. the EVM over all pilot cells in the analyzed frame The unit depends on UNIT EVM Parameters lt EVM gt Example FETC SUMM EVM PIL Returns mean pilot EVM Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary FERRor MAXimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor MINimum FETCh SUMMary FERRor AVERage This command queries the Center Frequency Error result ne eee eens User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 120 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Measurements Parameters lt FrequencyError gt Center frequency error in Hz Example FETC SUMM FERR Returns average Frequency Error Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MAXimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance MINimum FETCh SUMMary GIMBalance AVERage This command queries the I Q Gain Imbalance result Parameters lt Gainlmbalance gt UO gain imbalance in dB Example FETC SUMM GIMB Returns average Gain Imbalance Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MAXmimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset MINmimum FETCh SUMMary IQOFfset AVERage This command queries the UO Offset result Parameters lt lIQOffset gt UO offset in dB Example FETC SUMM IQOF Returns average IQ Offset Usage Query only FETCh SUMMary POWer MAXimum FETCh SUMMary POWer MINimum FETCh SUMMary POWer AVERage This command queries the Frame Power result Parameters lt Power gt Frame power in dBm Example FETC SUMM POW Returns average Frame Power Usage Query only User Manual 1310 0331 0
151. this constellation by making use of the selection mode and checking the number of highlighted cells in the Matrix View For the current WLAN sample signal the best reference constellation is 644QAM After you have selected 64QAM as reference constellation press the Auto button to perform automatic gain estimation The result of this step is that all constellation points belonging to the reference constellation are approximately in the center of the constellation markers In the case that you work with a signal where the automatic gain correction fails try to adjust the radius and click on the Auto button again If the automatic gain correction still fails try another reference constellation or use the Gain slider to center the points in the constellation markers manually Constellation Sebector GG Not alkabd Polit GG CHet Hamer Imag data Fig 5 7 Example of a Constellation Diagram for a Synchronized WLAN Signal after the Gain Synchro nization E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 86 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File SSS EEE eee XML Configuration File Format Cell Selection and Allocation Step 5 and 6 Your next goal is to allocate selected points as pilot symbols data symbols zeros or Don t care symbols You should already have selected constellation points from the gain synchronization procedure Check their position in the Frame Power matrix and decide whether they are pilot symbols or data s
152. time has passed or the frames have been captured gt Press the Run Gol softkey to start a single measurement You can also repeat a measurement based on the data that has already been captured e g if you want to apply different demodulation settings to the same signal gt Press the Refresh softkey to measure the signal again This chapter provides information on all types of measurements that the OFDM Vector Signal Analysis software supports While the measurement is running certain events may cause it to fail A corresponding error message is displayed in the status bar and stored in the error log SCPI command INITiate IMMediate on page 111 INITiate REFResh on page 112 e Numencalresuhte cc ccceccecesceseeeeseeceeseueeeeueeeeeseueeeeeeeueeueeseuseuaeeeuseuusuuseuauseuees 34 Graphical Fe a ssnas bess aewrieesancdiennsitinn caaina ghiepawrectnsenan ative nacinng indaetsiainnaeauabianessdnaunninndatees 35 VG Au EE 37 We a see ss esis cece siren Sessa a oes cade dich esd E ese 50 3 1 Numerical results The R amp S FS K96 features the following numerical results EVM measurements e EVM AIl User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 34 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays 3 2 Graphical Results Shows the EVM for all data and all pilot cells of the analyzed frame e EVM Data Shows the EVM for all data cells of the analyzed frame e EVM Pilot Shows the EVM for all pilot cells of the a
153. ting slider to scale the constellation markers or manually enter the boosting factor of the constellation by double clicking on the boost ing value E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 88 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File XML Configuration File Format Selecting cells with the mouse You can manually select cells with the mouse Press the Ctrl key to add further cells to the selection Selecting cells with the mouse is not only useful for the allocation of Don t Care symbols cf Step 5 and 6 in the Quick Start Guide You can also use the mouse to select cells and later allocate them as Data Symbols or Pilot Symbols Then the current modu lation type and boosting factor will be stored for these cells Example Clicking on the Check icon will allocate only the highlighted cells as 45 QPSK pilot symbols with boosting factor 1 Constellation View Allocation gt Allocate as Pilot A Filot_45 OPSK Constellation Markers 45 OP SE Boosting 1 000 H Radius 4 SI Constellation gt Sk GI NOl alocaed Polit GIS Const lator Markers Undo last allocation w Imag data 5 2 2 Generate I Q Data Files The following part describes how to generate iqw files data format of R amp S Signal Analyzers and wv files data format for arbitrary waveform generator of R amp S Signal Generators With this description the user obtains a complete R amp
154. tion The OFDM demodulator shall support synchronization on repetitive preamble symbols A repetitive preamble contains several repetitions of one time domain block The fig ure 6 10 shows exemplarily the parameterization of a repetitive preamble symbol which contains a five times repetition of block T The allocation matrix can have an arbitrary offset to the begin of the preamble symbol If the offset is zero or negative the preamble is also contained within the frame and is used for further estimation processes Preamble Symbol M gt BlockLength Frame Structure Matrix rr Frame Offset Fig 6 10 Description of a Repetitive Preamble Symbol EE User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 98 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail 6 2 6 2 1 6 2 2 Signal Processing Signal Processing Data Capturing The analyzer software runs on an external PC and operates a signal analyzer by remote control via LAN or GPIB Several mixer stages convert the RF signal to an intermediate frequency IF which is digitized by an A D converter The signal processing following the A D converter is implemented in digital hardware with ASICs and FPGAs A numer ically controlled oscillator shifts the signal from IF to complex baseband followed by a halfband filter and a fractional resampler Arbitrary output sample rates can be set by programming the resampler combined with a subsequent decimation filter Alternatively to the
155. tion file and generate the signal Therefore the make first measurements second part of this section describes with the generated how to convert the iqw file to a wv file configuration file which can be loaded into the arbitrary waveform generator of R amp S vector signal generators The iqw files can be used to UO data files for R amp S Signal Analyzers iqw file ofdmsys_generator m The Matlab tools directory of R amp S FS K96 contains the file of amp dmsys generator m This file generates a test signal from a given configuration file and saves the signal as i qw illi qqqq file for use in R amp S FS K96 This iqw file is stored in the same directory as the ofdmsys generator m file and the filename equals the configuration file name with iqw as file extension Wees User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 79 R amp S FS K96 K96PC System Configuration File ESE SEE E Matlab Configuration File Format Ofdmsys_generator m This function generates an UO data file iqw file which can be loa ded into R amp S FS K96 from any configuration file vicSignal ofdmsys generator sConfigFileName iNOfFrames iNOfIdleSymbols Input parameter sConfigFileName Configuration file name iNOfIdleSymbols Number of idle symbols between bursts and at start and end of signal Output parameter Generated signal vector Examples Generation of a continuous signal ofdmsys generator example mat 2 0 Generation of a bursted s
156. tion of the electronic attenuation level INPut EATT STATe lt State gt This command turns the electronic attenuator on and off User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 133 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control 7 8 7 8 1 Measurement Settings Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example INP EATT STAT ON Turns on electronic attenuation INPut FILTer YIG STATe lt State gt This command turns the YIG filter on and off The YIG filter is used for image frequency suppression Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example NES FILT YIG OFF Turns the YIG filter off Measurement Settings e EE 134 TR i EE 136 Units ME EE EE ee 134 OSU ees BEE 135 BICHER EEN 135 Tee EE 135 UT e EEN 135 Bil ga E EE 136 UNIT CAXes lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for result displays that show results on carrier level for example the EVM vs Carrier Parameters lt Unit gt CARR Carrier axis represents the subcarriers HZ Carrier axis represents the frequency Hz RST CARR Example UNIT CAX CARR Selects subcarriers as the unit of the carrier axis Wee User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 134 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control y Measurement Settings UNIT EVM lt Unit gt This command selects the unit for EVM results Parameters lt Unit gt DB Returns EVM results in dB PCT Returns EVM results in RST dB Example UNIT EVM PCT Selects as the unit of EVM re
157. ts and Result Displays bu oS Eee aaa aaa eae ee Graphical Results EVM measurements EVM vs Symbol X Carrier Evaluates the EVM of all cells in the analyzed frame EVM vs Carrier Evaluates the EVM of all carriers in the analyzed frame averaged over the symbols EVM vs Symbol Evaluates the EVM of all symbols in the analyzed frame averaged over the carriers Error Freq Phase Evaluates the frequency and phase error vs time for the samples Channel measurements Flatness Evaluates the magnitude of the channel transfer function Group Delay Evaluates the relative group delay of the transmission channel Impulse Response Evaluates the magnitude of the channel impulse response and position within the guard interval Constellation measurements Constellation Diagram Shows the complex constellation diagram of the modulation symbols Different cell types are mapped to different colors The contents depend on the sym bols you have selected to be displayed Constellation Selection Constellation vs Carrier Shows the real and imaginary part of the modulation symbols over all carriers Constellation vs Symbol Shows the real and imaginary part of the modulation symbols over all symbols Miscellaneous and statistics CCDF Evaluates the complementary cumulative probability distribution for the capture buffer samples relative to the average power Signal Flow Shows a detailed description of the
158. turn an estimation of the fractional frequency offset by evaluating the phase of the correlation maximum This fre quency offset has to be compensated before the FFT to avoid intercarrier interference By default the FFT starting point is put in the center of the guard interval assuming a symmetric impulse response but it can optionally be shifted within the guard interval After performing the FFT for each available OFDM symbol a time frequency matrix Hu with symbol index and subcarrier index k is available User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 101 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements in Detail EE 6 2 3 2 6 2 3 3 Signal Processing The following frame synchronization determines the frame start within this matrix and the integer carrier frequency offset This is done by a two dimensional correlation of R with the known pilot matrix from the configuration file To avoid unnecessary computing time for signals with low frequency offset the search length in the frequency direction can be limited by a control parameter Pilot Aided Block The pilot aided block within the signal processing chain uses the predefined pilot cells for parameter estimation and subsequent compensation of the signal impairments It starts with maximum likelihood estimation of the remaining frequency error and sample clock offset While a frequency error leads to a phase offset linearly increasing with time the clock offset introduces an additional phase error l
159. two different filters for the different screens User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 43 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays EE UO Measurements 3 3 3 Channel Measurements EE cartes ssid sans ENEE 44 Carint ee 44 Channel Impulse FS OSS ic aiscisiie cs cedestsdcieenedauanseinesmctinasidabswnaduaempncqaaniet dapdonncdaiabesumceinan 45 Channel Flatness The Channel Flatness display shows the amplitude of the channel transfer function vs carrier The statistic is performed over all analyzed frames e Press the Channel softkey e Press the Flatness softkey Channel Flatness Maximum 0 08 dE en 58 Carrier Minimum 0 13 dB e 4 Carrier 0 05 tHe GE EE n eat SY va c Wi A Lem oo Mal Lol eo teh wm Cc Se Wal LL G Z m Be Carrier Number Fig 3 13 Channel Flatness Display Remote command CALC FEED CHAN FLAT TRACe DATA Group Delay The Group Delay display shows the relative group delay of the transmission channel The Statistic is performed over all analyzed frames e Press the Channel softkey e Press the Group Delay softkey a a a a N User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 44 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Measurements and Result Displays UO Measurements Group Delay Maximum 1 500 ns 57 Carrier Minimum 2 192 ns Go 58 Carrier Ae i ms a E L Ki I v e j ee Een Vu r II Le Remote command CALC FEED CHAN
160. two different lengths CONF GUAR PER OFF Turns periodic cyclic prefix ranges off CONF GUAR1 NSYM 5 CONF GUAR2 NSYM 10 Defines the number of symbols for both cyclic prefixes 5 and 10 CONFigure SYMBol GUARd lt guardnum gt NSYMbols lt Symbols gt This command defines the number of symbols in the first and second cyclic prefix This command is available for non conventional cyclic prefixes If the cyclic prefixes are periodic the suffix has to be 2 For more information see E User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 138 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Remote Control EE Signal Description SG cCONFigure SYMBol GUARd MODE CONFigure SYMBol GUARd PERiodic on page 139 Suffix lt guardnum gt 1 2 Selects the guard interval In case of non periodic cyclic prefixes the suffix is irrelevant Parameters lt Symbols gt Numeric value that defines the number of symbols Example see CONFigure SYMBol GUARd MODE on page 138 CONFigure SYMBol GUARd PERiodic lt State gt This command turns periodic cyclic prefix ranges on and off The command is available for non conventional cyclic prefixes Parameters lt State gt ON OFF RST OFF Example See CONFigure SYMBol GUARd MODE on page 138 CONFigure SYMBol NFFT lt NFFT gt This command defines the FFT length of an OFDM symbol Parameters lt NFF I gt FFT length in samples RST 64 Example CONF SYMB NFFT 1024 Defines an FFT length of 1024 samples
161. v A 5 00 dBm Freq B 1 000 000 000 OI GHz PEP d 30 00 dBm LevB 30 00 dBm Info Set To Default Generate Waveform File Standard 802 114 Physical Layer Mode orom sl Simulation Mode Framed Graphics config Predefined Frames User r on Graph A B idle idle time time S e VO Mod B Sequence Length 1 Frames config r On Idle Time based on standard chiprate 0 100 ms PPDU Configuration 64 OAM 54 Mbps Filter Clipping Cosine Clip Off ba 202 119 A Fig 1 2 WLAN Settings Menu of the R amp S SMU Vector Signal Generator 1 4 2 Preparing the Measurement 1 Start the R amp S FS K96 Press the PRESET key Press the SETUP key Select Instrument as the data source Data Source softkey St e w P Press the Configure Instrument Connection to set up the instrument connection Interlace Type Number IP Address or Computer Name Subsyshem LAN exi oo fis20 20 INSTA VISA ASC TCPIP 192 0 2 0 Test Connection rea The R amp S FS K96 opens the Instrument Connection dialog box For more information see chapter 2 1 Instrument Connection on page 22 6 Press the Test Connection button to test the connection User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 18 R amp S FS K96 K96PC Welcome to R amp S FS K96 First Steps 1 4 2 1 General Setup 1 Press the General Settings
162. ymbols Go to step 6 and look at the colored area of the GUI There you can choose your allocation type For the WLAN sample signal you should allocate the 64QAM cells as data symbols Optionally you can assign a name to this specific allocation by typing into the text box Then click on the Check icon to actually do the allocation Allocation gt Allocate az Data sl Constellation Markers balan z Boosting 1 000 D D Auto Data_640 4M Radius D D Undo last allocation The constellation cells that have just been allocated will now disappear from the Con stellation View You can toggle their visibility by using the 27 icon Note that you can also overwrite already allocated cells with another allocation Constellation m T 0 a m E Fig 5 8 Example of a Constellation Diagram for a Synchronized WLAN Signal after the Allocation of the 64QAM Cells as Data Symbols Now go back to step 5 and proceed with the allocation of the residual points e g choose Zero as Constellation Marker and allocate the constellation points in the center of the diagram as Zero symbols step 6 Go back again to step 5 and investigate the remaining points shown in the Constellation View For the WLAN sample signal you can select the BPSK symbols with the mouse When taking a look at the Allocation Matrix you will see that these BPSK symbols are a ee ee enema User Manual 1310 0331 02 05 87 R amp S FS K96 K9

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R&S FS-K96 - Rohde & Schwarz France