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AD110/ADA110 User`s Manual - RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc.

1. 6 mA Connector 40 pin right angle shrouded header with ejector tabs Size Short slot 3 875 H x 5 25 W 99mm x 134mm A 3 APPENDIX B CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS B 1 ANALOG GND N C N C ANALOG GND N C AIN1 N C STATUS TRIGGER OUT TRIGGER IN PC7 PCS N C N C PB7 PB5 PB3 PB1 12 VOLTS 12 VOLTS 290960000000 00000000000000000009 00000000 AOUT N C N C N C N C AIN1 N C DIGITAL GND DIGITAL GND DIGITAL GND PCS PC4 N C RESET DRV PB6 PB4 PB2 PBO 5 VOLTS DIGITAL GND Manufacturer 110 P4 Connector P4 Mating Connector Robinson Nugent MIL C 83503 FCN 705Q040 AU M FCN 707B040 AU B 3417 7040 IDS C40PK C SR TG M83503 7 09 B 3 APPENDIX C COMPONENT DATA SHEETS Intel 82C55A Programmable Peripheral Interface Data Sheet Reprint C 3 a intel 82C55A CHMOS PROGRAMMABLE PERIPHERAL INTERFACE Compatible with all Intel and Most m Control Word Read Back Capability Other Microprocessors m Direct Bit Set Reset Capability m High Speed Zero Wait State si m 2 5 mA DC Drive Capability on all 1 0 Operation with 8 MHz 8086 88 and Port Outputs 80186 188 m 24 Programmable 1 0 Pins W Available in 40 Pin DIP and 44 Pin PLCC m Available in EXPRESS m Low Power CHMOS Standard Temperature Range m Compl
2. INPUT CONFIGURATION D De Ds D4 D3 D2 Di Do GROUP A GROUP B OUTPUT CONFIGURATIONS D7 De Ds D4 D3 Da Di Do oer mre vo vo EE E gt risi SAS GROUP A GROUP B Figure 17a MODE 1 Status Word Format De Ds D4 D D2 Di Do ACC Am TT gt rss ANI GROUP A GROUP B Defined By Mode O or Mode 1 Selection Figure 17b MODE 2 Status Word Format ACKg Output Mode 1 or STBg Input Mode 1 STB Input Mode 1 or Mode 2 ACK Output Mode 1 or Mode 2 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Ambient Temperature Under Bias 0 C to 70 C Storage Temperature 65 C to 150 C Supply Voltage 0 5 to 8 0V Operating Voltage 4V to 7V Voltage on any Input GND 2V to 6 5V Voltage on any Output GND 0 5V to Vcc 0 5V Power Dissipation 1 Watt D C CHARACTERISTICS 82C55A Notice Stresses above those listed under Abso lute Maximum Ratings may cause permanent dam age to the device This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions above those indicated in the opera tional sections of this specification is not implied Ex posure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability Ta 0 C to 70 C Voc 5V 10 GND OV Ta 40 C to 85 C for Extended Temperture input Low Voltage
3. FSAVE S SEE n NEW LSU HELP H COMMAND STACK COLLECT C RC ZERO CHART FS PLOT P MVS M A B C CONTROLLING THE 110 BOARD DESCRIPTION Data collection program Resume data collection Zeroes data buffers Strip chart simulator Full scale plotting program Plots data in buffers Continuous millivolt display Selects drive A Selects drive B Selects drive C A useful command is READ This command will take A D conversions on a single channel and will continu ously display them in bits on the screen This command also has a shorthand form of R Entering the command READ will cause A D conversions to be displayed as bits Pressing any key will halt the acquisition Change the input voltage to the 110 board and watch the displayed bits values change accordingly The input range of the 110 is 5 to 5 volts so 5 will be 4095 and 5 will be 4096 bits for a gain of 1 To determine the default base address channel or input gain enter the command STATUS ST TRY THIS 10 READINGS DISCUSSION 10 READINGS displays 10 A D conversions on the screen TRY THIS READ R DISCUSSION READ unlike READINGS continuously performs A D conversions and displays them in bits until any key is pressed It uses the present gain value and does not change them Please note that since READ is often used it has the shorthand form of
4. A D Conversions Before you are ready to start taking A D conversions you must initialize the programmable peripheral interface PPD and select the gain when you initialize the PPI the gain is automatically set to 1 The software provided with your board contains example programs for board initialization You can monitor the conversion status using the status bit at I O address location BA 4 When bit 0 of this word goes high it means a conversion is in progress When it goes low the conversion is completed When you are monitoring the status line make sure you see it go high and then low before you assume the conversion is com pleted This line does not go high until slightly after the Start Convert line starts a conversion which means that you could read a false low when the conversion first begins Remember that the status signal is inverted to derive the end of convert signal which can be monitored through an IRQ line The end of convert line is low during a conver sion and goes high when the conversion is completed Initializing the PPI Some of the lines of the PPI control the A D converter and set the programmable gain The 12 lines which are used during A D conversion are the eight lines of port A PAO through PA7 and the four lower lines of port C PCO through PC3 Port A s eight lines are used to carry the converted data This data is output from the A D converter in two 8 bit words an MSB and an LSB The four lines of por
5. AD110 ADA110 User s Manual aa ISO9001 and AS9100 Certified Real Time Devices Inc Accessing the Analog World AD110 ADA110 User s Manual Ia REAL TIME DEVICES INC 820 North University Drive Post Office Box 906 State College Pennsylvania 16804 Phone 814 234 8087 FAX 814 234 5218 Published by Real Time Devices Inc 820 N University Dr P O Box 906 State College PA 16804 Copyright 1991 by Real Time Devices Inc All rights reserved Printed in U S A Rev B 9211 TABLE OF CONTENTS INFRODUCGTION id i 1 Analog to Digital Conversion sssssccscssssrssssesssesssesesscesessssesesesencsesessscneneauassesescsssesesessacetseausessecususscserssessssssaness i 3 Digital to Analog Conversion ADA110 Only 0 cscesssssssssssessscssscescecerssesscessescssceescncecsecsssssssssassavsceseusssusesonss i 3 A iI I ENI III RI iii te i 3 What Comes With Your Board an ananasoorsevsesenensasoonrenensnenenenenenensnrnensnenenvacuvsenenenveenveensnenvaosenen i 3 Using This RN i 4 When A i 4 CHAPTER 1 BOARD SETTINGS in I 1 1 Factory Configured Switch and Jumper Settings ire 1 3 P2 Base Address Factory Setting 200 hex 512 decimal enen serenearsensenenenenenvens 1 4 P3 Interrupt Channel Selection Factory Setting Disabled nes 1 4 P5 D A Output Voltage Range Factory Setting O to 42 56 volts nes 1 5 P6 Single Ended Diffe
6. 5 VOLTS DIGITAL GND Fig 2 1 P4 VO Connector Pin Assignments 2 3 Connecting the Analog Input Pins Single Ended When operating in the single ended mode connect the high side of the analog input to analog input channel AIN1 and connect the low side to AIN1 which is a dedicated analog ground in single ended operation Figure 2 2 shows how these connections are made 110 1 0 CONNECTOR P4 SIGNAL SOURCE OUT SE DIFF Fig 2 2 Single Ended Input Connection Differential When operating in the differential mode twisted pair cable is recommended to reduce the effects of magnetic coupling at the input Your signal source may or may not have a separate ground reference Figure 2 3 shows how to connect the input if you do not have a ground reference from the signal source and Figure 2 4 shows you how to make the connections with a ground reference from the signal source If your signal source DOES NOT HAVE a ground reference signal e Refer to Figure 2 3 and install a 10 kilohm resistor between AIN1 P4 12 and ANALOG GND P4 7 to provide a reference to ground Next connect the high side of the analog input to analog input channel AIN1 and connect the low side of the input to AINI as shown in Figure 2 3 110 1 0 CONNECTOR P4 Fig 2 3 Differential Input Connection Without Ground Reference 24 If your signal source HAS a ground reference signal Refer to Figure 2 4 and connec
7. BA 4 Status Read Only A read provides the A D converter status bit defined below When you start a conversion the status line goes high After the line goes high then watch for it to go low signaling that the conversion is complete x X X X X X X D7 06 ps 4 os D2 o1 oo A D Status 0 not converting 1 converting BA 8 D A Converter Write Only Programs the 8 bit data word into the D A converter Whenever data is written to the D A converter it simulta neously triggers an 8 bit conversion The table below shows the corresponding output voltages for all zeroes and all ones digital inputs to the converter Digita Data 8 bits Voltage 1111 1111 2 56 or 10 0 volts 4 13 Example Programs The software included with your 110 board contains example programs in BASIC Turbo Pascal and Turbo C to help you get started using the board Source code is also included The 110 board is easily programmed from any high level language s I O reference instructions In BASIC these instructions are INP and OUT in Turbo Pascal they are port and port and in Turbo C they are inportb and outportb Before using the software included with your board make a backup copy of the disk You may make as many backups as you need The example programs included on the disk are listed below BASIC Programs GAINS BAS changing the gain and performing A D conversions READ BAS performing A D conversions MVOLT
8. 82C55A WAVEFORNS Continued MODE 2 BIDIRECTIONAL DATA FROM 8080 TO 8255 4 px ess NE Qi ot Nx See PERIPHERAL sus DATA FROM DATA FROM PERIPHERAL TO 8265 8255 TO PERIPHERAL DATA FROM 8265 TO 8080 231256 26 Note Any sequence where WR occurs before ACK AND STB occurs before RD is permissible INTR IBF e MASK e STB e RD OBF e MASK e ACK e WR WRITE TIMING READ TIMING DATA BUS DATA BUS 77 7 HIGH IMPEDANCE 0 48 231256 29 A C Testing inputs Are Driven At 2 4V For A Logic 1 And 0 45V d For A Logic 0 Timing Measurements Are Made At 2 0V For A Vexr ls Set At Various Voltages During Testing To Guarantee Logic 1 And 0 8 For A Logic 0 The Specification C Includes Jig Capacitance 231256 30 3 146 APPENDIX D LEXICON 110 INTRODUCTION Lexicon 110 is an interactive program tailored specifically to make full and easy use of your 110 analog input board It has the characteristics of a highly specific data acquisition language and some properties of an operating system It can be used to acquire analog data in real time and assign a time value for post acquisition analysis Data can be plotted or moved between the graphics templates and disk files The files are MS DOS compatible and can be accessed by the user s programs to perform highly specific analyses The Lexicon 110 command set lets you characterize your experiment to determine the best ac
9. Input High Voltage Output Low Voltage Vit ViH VoL Von d Input Leakage Current IDAR Darlington Drive Current Port Hold Low Overdrive Current IPHLO lccse Voc Supply Current Standby NOTES aa 1 Pins Ay Ag CS WR RD Reset 2 Data Bus Ports B C 3 Outputs open 4 Limit output current to 4 0 mA 3 141 Parameter mn Max units 20 Ve Output High Voltage 3 0 Vec 0 4 loFt Output Float Leakage Current 10 pA Vin Vcc to OV Note 2 si d IPHL Port Hold Low Leakage Current 50 300 pA Vout 1 0V S Port A only IPHH Port Hold High Leakage Current AS 350 pm Port Hold High Overdrive Current 350 pA Vour 3 0V e Voc Supply Current m ma loH 2 5 mA lou 100 pA pA Vin Voc to OV Note 1 Rex 5000 Voxt 1 7V Vout 3 0V Ports A B C Lu vonzo m mus pA Voc 5 5V Vin Voc or GND Port Conditions If P Open High O P Open Only With Data Bus High Low CS High Reset Low Pure Inputs Low High intel 82C55A CAPACITANCE Ta 25 C Vec GND OV symbol Parameter Tin Mex om roms __ o pr Cio 1 0 Capacitance NOTE 5 Sampled not 100 tested Test Conditions Unmeasured plns returned to GND fo 1 MHz 5 A C CHARACTERISTICS Ta 0 to 70 C Voo 5V 10 GND OV TA 40 C to 85 C for Extended Temp
10. pe os oa os pe p1 00 Out7 Out6 Out5 Out4 Out3 Out Outt Outo BA 2 PPI Port C A D Control Digital I O Read Write BA 2 programs all eight PPI port C lines and reads the data on the port C upper lines PCO through PC3 are used to program the gain and to control the A D converter PC4 through PC7 transfer digital input and digital output data between the board and an external device A read transfers data from the external device through P4 and into PC4 7 a write transfers the written data from PC4 7 through P4 to an external device Out7 Out6 Out5 Out4 Gain Select 00 x1 01 x10 10 x100 11 invalid Start Convert 0 no convert 1 start convert Read A D Data 0 read MSB 1 read LSB 4 11 BA 3 PPI Control Word Read Write When bit 7 of this word is set to 1 a write programs the PPI configuration and a read shows the PPI settings Mode Set Flag E activo Port C Lower 0 output Mode Select 1 input 00 mode 0 oe mode 1 Port B 1x mode 2 0 output 1 input PortA 0 output de Select 1 input mode 0 mode 1 PortC Upper jL S OtPB 0 output 1a input Up A Set Reset Bit Set Reset Function Bit 0 set bit to 0 0 active Bit Select 1 set bit to 1 000 PCO 001 PC1 010 PC2 011 PC3 100 PC4 101 PC5 110 PC6 111 PC7 4 12
11. DISCUSSION Any data stored in the data buffers is scaled to fit into the two graphics boxes This program displays one frame of data which is about 1140 points Press the PgUp PgDn or Home key to see the next previous frame of data displayed as a point plot on the screen This command can be used without first FLOADing a file but most likely you will see nothing on the display or perhaps some random data left over from another program Pressing the ESC key terminates it The numbers along the X axis of each display are the array indices of the data points This command is abbreviated as P TRY THIS FS DISCUSSION FS is a Full Screen data plotting program It displays half a frame of data Often data is more easily understood when a larger plot is displayed This routine is also attractive when data is dumped using the GRAPHICS COM utility TRY THIS CHART DISCUSSION CHART imitates a strip chart recorder and will graphically display the A D readings as a point plot in real time ESC terminates this program D 10 LEXICON 110 UTILITY PROGRAMS In Lexicon all high level programs such as COLLECT RC CHART and READ can have a time delay inserted to delay between each reading To set the time delay use the command TIMER For example the command 5000 TIMER stores the dimensionless number 5000 in the variable DELAY A delay of 5000 corresponds to a delay of about 19 seconds on a 4 77 MHz machine It can be scaled accordingl
12. can choose a different number base using the DECIMAL HEX OCTAL and BINARY commands However be aware that Lexicon will expect your data input to be consistent with the current number base For example if you are in decimal mode the hex numbers A through F will not be accepted Lexicon can also be used to change numbers between bases The HEX command can be used to convert the P2 connector s hex base address values to their decimal equivalents The following examples assume the current number base initially is decimal TRY THIS HEX 2C0 DECIMAL DISCUSSION The hex mode is selected and the hex value 2C0 is entered converted to decimal and printed using the DECIMAL and commands The next examples illustrate how Lexicon can change the number base of values which are input to and output from the computer TRY THIS 346 HEX DECIMAL DISCUSSION The number 346 in the current number base is placed on the stack the number base is changed to hex and the operator prints the top of the stack The command DECIMAL returns you to the decimal mode TRY THIS BINARY 1101111001 DECIMAL DISCUSSION The binary number base is selected and the binary number 1101111001 is entered on the stack DECIMAL switches you back to decimal mode and prints the decimal equivalent on the screen TRY THIS DECIMAL 3147 BINARY DECIMAL DISCUSSION The decimal mode is selected and the value 3147 is entered BINARY switches the number bas
13. interrupts Analog Input 1 single ended or differential input Input impedance see 10 megohms Gains software selectable cessere ten tnter 1 10 100 GAIN ef TOF cocto ete eco RR RR 0 5 typ 1 max lg Cl DEE 5 0 5 or 0 05 volts Overvoltage protection ner 12 Vdc Common mode input voltage ENNEN 10 volts max SOMING TIME circa ii 5 usec max ne EE ICL7109 RV Dual slope integrating with auto zero Resolution EE 12 bits plus sign Conversion rate EE 7 5 30 Hz switch selectable Relative accuracy gain 1 cccsscssssssssssssscscsssscsssssssssessssessessssseceecscceceavscaesnses t1 bit Linearity gain 1 1 bit 7 5 Hz 3 bits 30 Hz Rollover Oi FR RR i 1 bit Digital UO csisissscccestsseccussnssnccdcaccnssescocsoccesss CMOS 82C55 Optional NMOS 8255 Number of lines seed svseven esse ice circa vanes 12 input or output Miscellaneous Outputs PC bus sourced Reset output 12 volts Digital ground D A Converter ADA110 only scscssssssssscssssssssccseseererceateares Eed AD558 Single channel n ocio Me Tr 8 bits Voltage range jumper selectable 0 to 2 56 0 to 10 volts Settling time to 0 20 FSR 022 56 VORS eege ane a 0 8 usec typ 1 5 usec max 0 10 Volts er 2 0 usec typ 3 0 usec max Relative accuracy A t1 bit max Full Scale accuracy uen 2 bits max PAT U sn ere rase AE A um dada dre han sde set ne E 1 bit max Current Requirements A ili 14 mA pA c 7 mA SPA MONS pe
14. nn 4 5 Continuous Convert Mode Timing Diagram A eese teen ennt teen ente tn inen ene st ttn in ee enene nens 4 5 Single Convert Mode Flow Diagram ene esset enne ente se ene toten etos REENEN tnos esten instet ton nena 4 6 Continuous Convert Mode Flow Diagram nee 4 7 Cascaded Boards Single Convert Mode Flow Diagram eese eene ettet 4 8 Adjustable Voltage Rome gen 5 3 Board Layout Showing Calibration Trimpots ss nes 5 4 INTRODUCTION The AD110 and ADA110 differential integrating analog I O boards turn your IBM PC XT AT or compatible computer into a high performance data acquisition and control system Installed within a single short or full size expansion slot in the computer each 110 series board features One differential or single ended analog input channel 12 bit integrating A D converter for high stability and exceptional noise immunity Programmable gains of 1 10 and 100 Trigger in and trigger out for cascading boards 12 TTL CMOS digital I O lines Single 8 bit digital to analog output channel ADA110 only The following paragraphs briefly describe the major functions of the boards More detailed discussions of board functions are included in Chapter 3 Hardware Description and Chapter 4 Board Operation and Programming The board setup is described in Chapter 1 Board Settings Analog to Digital Conversion The analog to digital A D circuitry rece
15. output lines BA 1 Program PCO PC3 control PPI Port C PCO 3 are Read PC4 PC7 digital input lines amp PC4 PC7 digital reserved for control lines output lines BA 2 PPI Control Word Read PPI control settings Program PP configuration BA 3 Read A D converter status BA 4 D A Converter Program 8 bit DAC BA 8 BA Base Address ADA110 board only BA 0 PPI Port A Read A D Data Read Only This address is used to read the MSB and LSB of the A D conversion as defined below When PC3 of the PPI port C word is 0 the MSB is read when PC3 is 1 the LSB is read Bit 7 of the MSB tells you whether the converted voltage is a positive or negative value Bit 6 goes to 1 when the input voltage exceeds the input voltage range The table below shows the expected converted data for maximum positive and negative input voltages and for 0 volts Bit 9 Bit 8 Bit 11 Bit 10 Polarity Flag 0 positive 1 negative Overrange Flag 0 in range 1 out of range Bt7 Bit6 BitS Bit4 Bit3 Bit2 Bit1 Bit 0 eam Loes 2 00 ooo ee covo 4 10 BA 1 PPI Port B Digital I O Read Write Transfers the 8 bit port B digital input and digital output data between the board and an external device A read transfers data from the external device through P4 and into PPI port B a write transfers the written data from port B through P4 to an external device In7 In6 In5 In4 In3 In2 ini Ind or
16. D Os D D Dz D Do L L DD e vel DD e jr rc ec 2 20 Ys INPUT Te INPUT 0 OUTPUT RO MODE 2 AND MODE 1 OUTPUT MODE 2 AND MODE 1 INPUT CONTROL WORO CONTROL WORD D O Ds O Dy 0 D D D De Ds D D D D Do bi Ppt TA DD CDD Dd 231256 21 Figure 16 MODE Combinations 3 138 intel Mode Definition Summary Special Mode Combination Considerations There are several combinations of modes possible For any combination some or all of the Port C lines are used for control or status The remaining bits are either inputs or outputs as defined by a Set Mode command During a read of Port C the state of all the Port C lines except the ACK and STB lines will be placed on the data bus In place of the ACK and STB line states flag status will appear on the data bus in the PC2 PC4 and PC6 bit positions as illustrated by Figure 18 Through a Write Port C command only the Port C pins programmed as outputs in a Mode 0 group can be written No other pins can be affected by a Write Port C command nor can the interrupt enable flags be accessed To write to any Port C output pro grammed as an output in a Mode 1 group or to 82C55A GROUP A ONLY MODE 0 OR MODE 1 ONLY gt gt l gt change an interrupt enable flag the Set Reset Port C Bit command must be used With a Set Reset Port C Bit command any Port C li
17. HAPTER 3 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the features of the 110 hardware The major circuits are the A D D A and the programmable peripheral interface which includes the digital I O lines Board interrupts are also described in this chapter 3 1 The 110 board has three major circuits the A D the D A ADA110 only and the programmable peripheral interface PPI which includes the digital I O lines Figure 3 1 shows the block diagram of the board This chapter describes hardware which makes up the major circuits It also discusses interrupts ADDRESS 127 DIGITAL I O ADDRESS DECODE DIFF AMP DIFFERENTIAL 1CL7109 1 10 100X ANALOG INPUT A D GAIN 15V CONTROL TRIGGER OUT 1 0 CONNECTOR RESET 12 VOLTS DIGITAL GROUND 0 TO 2 56V 0 TO 10 0V ADA110 ONLY Fig 3 1 AD110 ADA110 Block Diagram A D Conversion Circuitry The 110 board performs analog to digital conversions on a single analog input channel The following para graphs describe the A D circuitry Analog Input The input type is jumper selectable for single ended or differential operation Single ended operation is typically used when the analog input voltage source is close to the board and the voltage levels are fairly high greater than 0 5 volts for a gain of 1 The differential mode provides noise immunity when long cable runs are unavoidable signal levels are low or surrounding electrical noise is high T
18. ILES Lexicon 110 saves data in DOS files It also has the ability to create and list the files on a disk All Lexicon created files have the extension DAT and an internal code that identifies the file as one created by Lexicon Files without the extension DAT and without the internal code will not be loaded This special encoding consists of the extension DAT and a decimal 19 in the third byte of the file TRY THIS DIR DAT DISCUSSION Like the DOS equivalent DIR can accept arguments from the DOS command line This example instructs Lexicon to display all files with the extension DAT TRY THIS FLOAD SINE DAT DISCUSSION The command FLOAD File Load will load a Lexicon file into an extended array so the data can be plotted and examined TRY THIS FSAVE lt name gt DISCUSSION The command FSAVE File Save will save the data stored in the extended array into the specified file appended with the extension DAT It will prompt you for a file name to use The first element of the created file is the number of data points it contains the second is the number 19 to code for a valid Lexicon data file The next elements contain the system gain and delay The acquired data follows This command is abbreviated as S D 9 Data is stored in the extended array in a special format A D result time MSW Most Significant Word time LSW Least Significant Word Every A D conversion is tagged with a 32 bit time value from the int
19. INTR Interrupt Request A high on this output can be used to interrupt the CPU when an input device is requesting service EN INTR is set by the STB is a one IBF is a one RRT and INTE is a one It is reset by the falling edge of HOPE RD This procedure allows an input device to re quest service from the CPU by simply strobing its data into the port CONTROL WORD INTE A Controlled by bit set reset of PC4 INTE B 231256 13 Controlled by bit set reset of PC Figure 8 MODE 1 Input PERIPHERAL 231256 14 Figure 9 MODE 1 Strobed Input 3 134 intel 82C55A Output Control Signal Definition OBF Output Buffer Full F F The OBF output will MODE 1 PORT A go low to indicate that the CPU has written data CONTROL WORD out to the specified port The OBF F F will be set by D D D D D D D De the rising edge of the WR input and reset by ACK Te Te a Input being low S 1 INPUT ACK Acknowledge Input A low on this input os OUTPUT informs the 82C55A that the data from Port A or Port B has been accepted In essence a response from the peripheral device indicating that it has received the data output by the CPU MODE 1 PORT B INTR Interrupt Request A high on this output can be used to interrupt the CPU when an output device has accepted data transmitted by the CPU pre oa INTR is set when ACK is a one OBF is a one BI rt ist c an
20. No Ground Reference 2 4 Digital I O i 3 3 4 4 9 E End of Convert 3 5 4 3 Example Programs 4 14 F Factory Settings 1 3 P2 Base Address 1 4 P3 Interrupt Channel Selection 1 4 P5 D A Output Voltage Range 1 5 P6 Single Ended Diff Analog Input Select 1 5 P7 External Trigger In 1 5 S1 A D Conversion Rate 1 6 G Gain 1 6 3 3 4 4 See also Programmable Gain Setting the Gain 4 4 Gain Settings 1 6 I YO Connections 2 3 Analog Input 2 4 Differential 2 4 Single ended 2 4 Digital I O 2 5 Reset Drv 2 5 Status 2 5 Trigger In and Trigger Out 2 5 IO Map 4 10 Definitions 4 10 Initialization 4 3 Installation 2 3 Interrupts 3 5 4 9 See also End of Convert L Lexicon D 3 O Overvoltage Protection 3 3 P P4 I O Connector Pinout 2 3 B 3 Programmable Gain 1 6 3 3 Programmable Peripheral Interface 3 4 4 3 4 9 C 3 Bit Set Reset 4 4 PPI Control Word 4 12 S Simultaneous Sampling 2 5 See also Cascading Boards Single Ended Input 2 4 Specifications A 3 Status 4 13 Status Line 4 3 T Technical Support i 4 W Warranty E 3 110 Series Board User Selected Settings Base I O Address IRQ Channel Selected RQ Channel
21. R Type in R and the same command is executed TRY THIS MVS DISCUSSION MVS like the command READ takes continuous A D conversions and displays them in millivolts MVS works only for a gain of 1 Pressing any key halts the conversions TRY THIS DIFF DISCUSSION DIFF is a program that continuously prints out the difference between two successive readings If the analog input signal is perfectly stable all the readings will be zero If the signal is noisy has base address contention or is rapidly changing then non zero values will appear This is a good debugging utility CHANGING THE DEFAULT VALUE As we stated earlier when Lexicon is loaded a small file called SETUP LEX is loaded and used to initialize the 110 s base address and gain This file can be changed to initialize the board to your own specifications with the command NEW NEW displays the current I O address and gain and asks if you would like to make these values the setup defaults If you respond with Y they are written to the SETUP LEX file on the disk TRY THIS NEW DISCUSSION NEW takes the present values of the I O base address and gain and writes them to the file SETUP LEX which is loaded when the system boots TRY THIS LSU SUINIT DISCUSSION LSU loads the setup file from the disk into the initialization array SUINIT is the setup initial ization procedure which reconfigures the 110 for your new setup values LEXICON 110 DATA F
22. READ CONTROL This input is low during CPU read operations CHIP SELECT A low on this input enables the 82C55A to respond to RD and WR signals RD and WR are ignored otherwise ADDRESS These input signals in conjunction RD and WR control the selection of one of the three ports or the control word registers A RB WA GS Input Operation Read A1 0 A lo jo lof of Pora DataBus Lo 1 of 0 Porg Data us _t o o fs of Portc Dataaus EEDE T 3 159 Control Word Data Bus lo of of oT patesus PotA_ o 1 1 o fo DataBus Pors 1 of 10 o DaaBus Ponc 1 ats fo To Data us Contro x x x Tx 1 Databus 3 state LX xfs ft o Databus 3 State I O PORT C PINS 4 7 Upper nibble of an 8 bit data output latch buffer and an 8 bit data input buffer no latch for input This port can be divided into two 4 bit ports under the mode control Each 4 bit port contains a 4 bit latch and it can be used for the control signal outputs and status signal inputs in conjunction with ports A and B 5 14 17 16 19 1 0 PORTC PINS 0 3 Lower nibble of Port C 7 18 25 20 22 VO PORT B PINS 0 7 An 8 bit data output latch buffer and an 8 24 28 bit data input buffer 26 29 sYSTEMPOWER 5V Power Supply 27 34 30 33 I O DATA BUS Bi directional tri state data bus lines connected to 35 38 system data bus RESET A high on this input clears the cont
23. S BAS performing A D conversions in millivolts Turbo Pascal Programs ADC PSL performing a single A D conversion INIT PSL initializing the board PGA PSL setting the gain MVOLTS PAS performing A D conversions in millivolts AUTO PAS autoranging the DVM DEMO PAS a simple A D conversion program Turbo C Programs PGA H setting the gain INIT H initializing the board ADC H performing a single A D conversion READ C performing A D conversions SIMPLE C a simple A D conversion program MVOLTS C performing A D conversions in millivolts Lexicon Test and Diagnostics Tool An interactive data collection and plotting utility program Lexicon is provided as a test and diagnostics tool This program is described in Appendix D 4 14 CHAPTERS CALIBRATION This chapter tells you how to calibrate the 110 using the four trimpots on the board These trimpots calibrate the A D input voltage range and gain Calibration may be required if you change the A D conversion rate from 7 5 to 30 Hz or whenever you suspect inaccurate readings 5 2 This chapter tells you how to calibrate the A D converter gain and input voltage range The D A converter on the ADA110 board does not need to be calibrated The offset and full scale performance of the board s A D con verter is factory calibrated for operation at 7 5 Hz If you change the conversion rate you may need to recalibrate your board Any time you suspect inaccurate
24. TED TO THE DURATION OF THIS WARRANTY IN THE EVENT THE PRODUCT IS NOT FREE FROM DEFECTS AS WARRANTED ABOVE THE PURCHASER S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS PROVIDED ABOVE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL REAL TIME DEVICES BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER OR ANY USER FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES EXPENSES LOST PROFITS LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSE QUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITA TIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLU SIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE E 3 E4 INDEX A A D Conversion i 3 Conversion Modes 4 5 Continuous Convert 4 5 Single Convert 4 5 MSB and LSB 4 10 A D Converter 3 4 Conversion Rate 3 4 Analog Input 3 3 Input Range 3 3 Input Type 3 3 B Board Accessories i 3 Board Block Diagram 3 3 Board Initialization 4 3 See also Initialization Board Layout 1 3 C Calibration 5 3 Full Scale Adjustment 5 5 Offset Adjustment 5 3 Cascading Boards 2 5 4 8 Customer Service i 3 D D A Conversion 3 4 9 D A Converter 3 4 4 13 Improved Settling Time 3 4 Output Voltage Range 3 4 Differential Input 2 4 Ground Reference 2 5
25. Tus dk 741832 2n Ais 9000 990 o v2 C28 u12 Real Time Devices inc SERRE State Coll Pa 16804 ort Ti ny eum ata Acquisition amp Control Made in U S A Pi An System cu Fig 5 2 Board Layout Showing Calibration Trimpots To adjust the offset error connect 0 volts to the analog input this can be done by simply connecting the analog input to ground when in the single ended mode Set the gain to 1 and start continuous A D conversions Adjust trimpot TR2 until the conversion output is zero Then change the gain to 10 and repeat the conversion process adjusting TR3 until the conversion output is zero Finally change the gain to 100 and repeat the procedure this time adjusting TR4 until the output is zero The trimpot assignment is summarized below Mu Setting Setting Trimpot o o o me The offset voltage is related solely to the performance of the programmable gain amplifier however the offset can affect the rollover performance of the A D converter if it is not set to zero Rollover is the difference in conver sion results between voltages having the same amplitude but different polarities Any gains which do not have a zero offset will give readings that are shifted from an ideal zero reference This means that the positive and negative readings for the same voltage will be slightly different This difference is caused by the offset 5 4 Full Scale Adjustment The full scale adjustment cal
26. ach port is pro grammed by the systems software In essence the CPU outputs a control word to the 82C55A The control word contains information such as mode bit set bit reset etc that initializes the func tional configuration of the 82C55A 3 126 82C55A Each of the Control blocks Group A and Group B accepts commands from the Read Write Control Logic receives control words from the internal data bus and issues the proper commands to its as sociated ports Control Group A Port A and Port C upper C7 C4 Control Group B Port B and Port C lower C3 C0 The control word register can be both written and read as shown in the address decode table in the pin descriptions Figure 6 shows the control word format for both Read and Write operations When the control word is read bit D7 will always be a logic 1 as this implies control word mode information Ports A B and C The 82C55A contains three 8 bit ports A B and C All can be configured in a wide variety of functional characteristics by the system software but each has its own special features or personality to further enhance the power and flexibility of the 82C55A Port A One 8 bit data output latch buffer and one 8 bit input latch buffer Both pull up and pull down bus hold devices are present on Port A Port B One 8 bit data input output latch buffer Only pull up bus hold devices are present on Por
27. ages in the range of 0 to 2 56 volts or 0 to 10 volts depending on the PS jumper setting The 0 to 2 56 volt range has a bit weight of 10 0 millivolts and the 0 to 10 volt range has a bit weight of 39 06 millivolts One I O write operation to address location BA 8 loads the 8 bit data word into the D A converter and starts the conversion Digital I O The programmable peripheral interface has 24 digital I O lines 12 of which are available for your use The 24 lines are divided into three 8 bit ports port A PAO 7 port B PBO 7 and port C Port C is further subdivided into port C lower PC0 3 and port C upper PC4 7 Port A and port C lower are already used by the board for A D conversion and gain control Port B and port C upper can be used in this PPI operating mode only Mode 0 Basic input output Lets you use simple input and output operations for a port Data is written to or read from the specified port NOTE If you know about the operation of the 8255 PPI or read the included data sheet then you may also know that a two other modes mode 1 strobed input output and mode 2 strobed bidirectional input output exist for the chip However since these modes require the use of port C lower or port A they are not available on the 110 board The PPI is configured by writing a control word to its internal register at I O address location BA 3 Six of the eight bits in the control word are already defined by board initializati
28. at first but after a cursory review of the complete device operation a simple logical 1 0 approach will surface The design of the 82C55A has taken into account things such as effi cient PC board layout control signal definition vs PC layout and complete functional flexibility to support almost any peripheral device with no external logic Such design represents the maximum use of the available pins Single Bit Set Reset Feature Any of the eight bits of Port C can be Set or Reset using a single OUTput instruction This feature re duces software requirements in Control based appli cations When Port C is being used as status contro for Port A or B these bits can be set or reset by using the Bit Set Reset operation just as if they were data output ports 3 128 intel 82C55A interrupt Control Functions When the 82C55A is programmed to operate in mode 1 or mode 2 control signals are provided that can be used as interrupt request inputs to the CPU HESE 7 The interrupt request signals generated from port C can be inhibited or enabled by setting or resetting the associated INTE flip flop using the bit set reset function of port C This function allows the Programmer to disallow or iolofof l l f le allow a specific 1 O device to interrupt the CPU with out affecting any other device in the interrupt struc ture BIT SET RESET FLAG 0 ACTIVE INTE flip flop definition 231256 7 BIT SET INTE i
29. avoid contention with other devices that may use interrupts in your computer when you choose your interrupt channel To avoid contention use the table inside the back cover of this manual to record the interrupt channel you have selected It is also very important to note that the board interrupt source is a TTL totem pole push pull type output it is not open collector Therefore do not connect this interrupt to any other interrupt output P3 IRQ NO 0 OR Fig 1 3 Interrupt Channel Selection Jumper P3 P5 D A Output Voltage Range Factory Setting 0 to 2 56 volts PS shown in Figure 1 4 sets the D A output range at 0 to 2 56 volts or 0 to 10 volts This jumper is used on the ADA110 board only P5 2 56V 10V Fig 1 4 D A Output Voltage Range P5 P6 Single Ended Differential Analog Input Select Factory Setting Single Ended P6 shown in Figure 1 5 sets the analog input channel for single ended or differential operation P6 SE DIFF Fig 1 5 Single Ended Differential Analog Input Select P6 P7 External Trigger In Factory Setting Disabled P7 shown in Figure 1 6 enables and disables the external trigger input When the jumper is set to the enabled position the external trigger in pin pin 10 at I O connector P4 is connected to the A D converter so that two or more boards can be run synchronously in a master slave configuration Note that this header connector enables and d
30. ctures and produces to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year following the date of shipment from REAL TIME DE VICES This warranty is limited to the original purchaser of product and is not transferable During the one year warranty period REAL TIME DEVICES will repair or replace at its option any defective products or parts at no additional charge provided that the product is returned shipping prepaid to REAL TIME DEVICES All replaced parts and products become the property of REAL TIME DEVICES Before returning any product for repair customers are required to contact the factory for an RMA number THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DAM AGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE such as use of incorrect input voltages improper or insufficient ventilation failure to follow the operating instructions that are provided by REAL TIME DEVICES acts of God or other contingencies beyond the control of REAL TIME DEVICES OR AS A RESULT OF SERVICE OR MODIFICATION BY ANYONE OTHER THAN REAL TIME DEVICES EXCEPT AS EX PRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE NO OTHER WARRANTIES ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND REAL TIME DEVICES EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES FOR MECHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMI
31. d INTE is a one It is reset by the falling edge of EV RX WR INTE A Controlled by bit set reset of PCg INTE B Controlled by bit set reset of PCo 31256 1 231256 16 Figure 11 MODE 1 Strobed Output 3 135 82C55A Combinations of MODE 1 Port A and Port B can be individually defined as input or output in Mode 1 to support a wide variety of strobed YO applications CONTROL WORD D De D D D D 0 Dy NA jo trs jv je px Pia 3 INPUT De OUTPUT WR 0 PORT A ISTROBED INPUT PORT B STROBED OUTPUT CONTROL WORD D D D D D D D Do PPP W I 1 INPUT 0 OUTPUT RO ed PORT A STROBED OUTPUT _PORT B STROBED INPUT 231256 17 Figure 12 Combinations of MODE 1 Operating Modes MODE 2 Strobed Bidirectional Bus 1 O This functional configuration provides a means for com municating with a peripheral device or structure on a single 8 oit bus for both transmitting and receiving data bidirectional bus 1 0 Handshaking signals are provided to maintain proper bus flow discipline in a similar manner to MODE 1 Interrupt generation and enable disable functions are also available MODE 2 Basic Functional Definitions e Used in Group A only e One 8 bit bi directional bus port Port A and a 5 bit control port Port C l e Both inputs and outputs are latched e The 5 bit control port Port C is used for control and status for t
32. d instead of being instanta neously captured by a sample and hold device spikes and glitches which may be present at the input are averaged out The result is a highly accurate conversion D A Converter ADA110 Only A single 8 bit digital to analog output channel is included on the ADA110 board The output voltage range is jumper selectable for 0 to 2 56 volts or 0 to 10 volts providing a resolution of 10 0 or 39 1 millivolts respec tively When using the D A converter you may or may not notice that the settling time for negative going output voltages may be longer than for positive going output voltages This is because of the internal construction of the D A converter chip If you want to improve the negative going settling time you can add a 24 kilohm pull down resistor between the D A output and the PC bus 12 volt supply at external I O connector P4 pin 20 Figure 3 2 shows how these connections can be made VOUT SENSE 12V P4 39 Fig 3 2 D A Converter Configuration for Improved Settling Time Programmable Peripheral Interface The programmable peripheral interface PPI is used for digital I O functions This high performance TTL CMOS compatible chip has 24 digital I O lines divided into two groups of 12 lines each Group A port A 8 lines and port C upper 4 lines Group B port B 8 lines and port C lower 4 lines Twelve lines are used for on board functions Port A s eight lines are used to read t
33. e and prints the binary equivalent on the screen DECIMAL changes the mode back to base 10 What does the operator do As we said earlier prints the top number on the stack in the current number base followed by a space on the screen TRY THIS 346 DISCUSSION The number 346 is entered on the stack Regardless of the numbers already on the stack it will go on top Then it prints the number on the screen in the number base currently selected Typing with nothing on the stack results in an error message This is not a fatal error Sometimes numbers can accumulate on the stack without you realizing it You can get rid of the excess stack numbers using the command D 6 LEXICON COMMAND SET The Lexicon commands are divided into four classes A D Control Operating System File Control Help Screen and High Level Commands Letters in parentheses are the short hand versions of the commands which can be entered in one or two keystrokes A D Control The A D Control commands permit direct control of the 110 board COMMAND STACK DESCRIPTION ADC Prints a single A D result in bits DIFF Prints the DIFFERENCE between readings ADDR Prints the present 110 base address READINGS n Displays n A D readings READ R Displays A D readings continuously IOMAP Displays the 110 s VO map STATUS ST Displays the current system status ADDR n Sets a new base I O address 1x Sets gain t
34. e computer housing refer to your owner s manual if you do not already know how to do this 4 Select any unused short or full size expansion slot and remove the slot bracket 5 Touch the metal housing of the computer to discharge any static buildup and then remove the board from its antistatic bag 6 Holding the board by its edges orient it so that its card edge bus connector lines up with the expansion slot connector in the bottom of the selected expansion slot 7 After carefully positioning the board in the expansion slot so that the card edge connector is resting on the computer s bus connector gently and evenly press down on the board until it is secured in the slot NOTE Do not force the board into the slot If the board does not slide into place remove it and try again Wiggling the board or exerting too much pressure can result in damage to the board or to the computer 8 After the board is installed secure the slot bracket back into place and put the cover back on your computer The board is now ready to be connected via the external I O connector at the rear panel of your computer External VO Connections Figure 2 1 shows the 110 s P4 I O connector pinout Refer to this diagram as you make your I O connections ANALOG GND 1 2 DIGITAL GND TRIGGER OUT 128 DIGITAL GND TRIGGER IN 9 9 DIGITAL GND ser D Pcs Pcs G Pca n c 6369 nec N C GJG RESET DRV 12 voLTs G 6 12 voLTs GG
35. ed to cover gains from 10 to 99 Resistor R10 controls the x100 input and should be used to set gains of greater than 100 Figure 1 8 shows how these resistors are connected to the PGA The formulas will help you find the correct resistance value for your desired gain Note that the further you get from the PGA s set gains of 10 and 100 the more gain drift you will have which can cause errors in your readings R9 10 8KQ Desired Gain 10 Va R10 108kQ Desired Gain 100 R10 Value 1 08KQ 5400 3600 2700 Fig 1 8 Controlling the Programmable Gains CHAPTER 2 BOARD INSTALLATION The 110 board is easy to install in your IBM PC XT AT or compatible computer It can be placed in any slot short or full size This chapter tells you step by step how to install and connect the board Board Installation Keep the board in its antistatic bag until you are ready to install it in your computer When removing it from the bag hold the board at the edges and do not touch the components or connectors Before installing the board in your computer check the jumper settings Chapter 1 reviews the factory settings and how to change them If you need to change any settings refer to the appropriate instructions in Chapter 1 Note that incompatible jumper settings can result in unpredictable board operation and erratic response To install the board 1 Turn OFF the power to your computer 2 Remove the top cover of th
36. erator READINGS Like Forth Lexicon uses Reverse Polish Notation also called RPN or postfix notation The main reason for using a stack oriented language is execution speed and ease of passing arguments between commands In an RPN language commands or programs take or leave numbers as arguments from that stack NOTE On the 110 board Gam sossens 4095 Bits 4500 millivolts 50 millivoits 50 millivolts It is important to remember that a command like READINGS in the above example must have a 16 bit integer argument preceding it If you type in READINGS with no argument an error will result How do you know if a command takes an argument on the stack You must read the Lexicon command listed in the documentation The Lexicon command set described later shows each command in the following format READINGS n On the HELP screen any command listed with a n in front of it requires an argument For example n READINGS The n before the command means that a n umber must be entered as an argument The valid range of numbers for Lexicon is 32767 to 432767 LEXICON AND DOS The Lexicon software is written to run under the MS DOS operating system version 2 0 or greater To insure the software will work on PC clones much of it is written in assembly language using the BIOS and DOS software interrupts Instead of communicating directly with the computer hardware the BIOS ROM or DOS takes care of man
37. erature BUS PARAMETERS READ CYCLE Un Address Stable Before RD o ns taa Address Hold Time aterRDT o n isa rama so e e ostsoste tenti mi ie ATT 10 __ WRITE CYCLE smet re 82C55A 2 Test Min Max Conditions ww Adorese table Betore WR o nm oo twa Address Hold Time After WR T 20 ns PotsA amp B ns Porc Co BC TT ele aa two Data Hold Time After WA T 30 ns PotsA amp B u ai 3 142 inte 82C55A OTHER TIMINGS Units Conditions Test Parameter 1 to Output Peripheral Data Before RD Peripheral Data After RD ACK Pulse Width STB Pulse Width Per Data Before STB High Per Lea After STBHigh dl i gt 3 o e 8 amp Lu menemm Te NOTE 1 INTR T may occur as early as WR 2 Pulse width of initial Reset pulse after power on must be at least 50 Sec Subsequent Reset pulses may be 500 ns minimum 3 143 intel 82C55A WAVEFORMS MODE 0 BASIC INPUT tor 23125622 MODE 0 BASIC OUTPUT 3 144 82C55A WAVEFORMS Continued MODE 1 STROBED INPUT tm INPUT FROM LL ame PERIPHERAL in 231256 24 MODE 1 STROBED OUTPUT 231256 25 3 145 inte
38. ernal MS DOS timer A 64K data file will consist of about 22 000 data points and 22 000 double precision time values The 32 bit time value represents the number of 1 18 second MS DOS ticks since midnight TRY THIS 100 SEE DISCUSSION The SEE command lets you examine a data point and its 32 bit time tag Fifty data points are displayed in this format Data Point Time Value bits The argument for the command is the starting value you want to examine In this example you will begin looking at data point 100 Note that the first data point you can use with the SEE command is an argument of 2 Pressing PgUp PgDn scrolls the readings ESC will terminate this command TRY THIS C DIR DISCUSSION C will select drive C as the selected drive DIR will list the disk directory LEXICON 110 PLOTTING Lexicon includes several high level plotting programs Because a limited number of data points can be plotted across the screen approximately 1140 the data points are broken up into frames One frame can be displayed on the screen at one time and it consists of two graphics boxes The plotting programs PLOT and FS display one frame of data The PgUp PgDn and Home keys are used to display the next previous frame of the extended memory array and return to the first frame When used with the GRAPHICS COM utility supplied with advanced versions of DOS high quality graphics outputs can be dumped to a compatible printer TRY THIS PLOT
39. etely TTL Compatibie Extended Temperature Range The Intel 82C55A is a high performance CHMOS version of the industry standard 8255A general purpose programmable I O device which is designed for use with all Intel and most other microprocessors It provides 24 O pins which may be individually programmed in 2 groups of 12 and used in 3 major modes of operation The 82C55A is pin compatible with the NMOS 8255A and 8255A 5 in MODE O each group of 12 1 O pins may be programmed in sets ot 4 and 8 to be inputs or outputs In MODE 1 each group may be programmed to have 8 lines of input or output 3 of the remaining 4 pins are used for handshaking and interrupt control signals MODE 2 is a strobed bi directional bus configuration The 82C55A is fabricated on Intel s advanced CHMOS Iii technology which provides low power consumption with performance equal to or greater than the equivalent NMOS product The 82C55A is available in 40 pin DIP and 44 pin plastic leaded chip carrier PLCC packages I DINECTIOMAL DATA BUS 231256 1 Figure 1 82C55A Block Diagram 231256 2 Figure 2 82C55A Pinout Diagrams are for pin reference only Package sizes are not to scale September 1987 3 124 Order Number 231256 004 82C55A Table 1 Pin Description Pin Number Symbol Dip PLCC Name and Function PA3 0 YO PORT A PINS 0 3 Lower nibble of an 8 bit data output latch buffer and an 8 bit data input latch
40. for pullup or pulidown devices in all CMOS de signs During the execution of the system program any of the other modes may be selected by using a single output instruction This allows a single 82C55A to service a variety of peripheral devices with a simple software maintenance routine The modes for Port A and Port B can be separately defined while Port C is divided into two portions as required by the Port A and Port B definitions All of the output registers including the status flip flops will be reset whenever the mode is changed Modes may be combined so that their functional definition can be tailored to almost any 1 0 structure For instance Group B can be programmed in Mode 0 to monitor simple switch closings or display computa tional results Group A could be programmed in Mode 1 to monitor a keyboard or tape reader on an interrupt driven basis IAA Di DATA BUS POPE PAPA A 10 PB PB CONTROL OR 1 0 CONTROL PAyPA OR 1 0 A Je Domrengen vo ONTROL alta 231256 5 Figure 5 Basic Mode Definitions and Bus interface CONTROL WORD GROUP B PORT C LOWER 1 INPUT 0 OUTPUT PORT B 1 INPUT 0 OUTPUT MODE SELECTION 0 MODE 0 1 MODE 1 PORT C UPPER 1 e INPUT OUTPUT PORT A 15 INPUT Ge OUTPUT MODE SELECTION 00 MODE O MODE SET FLAG LE IVE 231256 6 Figure 6 Mode Definition Format The mode definitions and possible mode combina tions may seem confusing
41. ge the default base address to for example 576 240 hex on boot up type the following 576 ADDR NEW 576 is the decimal value of hex 240 on jumper P2 the second jumper setting from the left Next type Y in response to the question To perform a new initialization sequence type the following LSU SUINIT LSU will Load SetUp and SUINIT will perform a setup initialization of the 110 The following table shows the corresponding decimal hexadecimal equivalents of the eight P2 base addresses Hexadecimal zo se D sw 39 9 so 79 sso see sco 99 USING LEXICON 110 Before describing the Lexicon 110 commands in detail there are a few items concerning the operation of Lexicon that should be repeated All commands must be entered in upper case with at least one space between commands The RETURN key must be pressed to execute the command s Lexicon is capable of handling only 16 bit integer numbers as arguments that is numbers ranging between 32 767 and 32 767 Numbers entered outside this range will result in indeterminate values being place on the stack REMEMBER Enter all commands in upper case letters 2 All commands must be separated by at least one space On bootup all numbers entered and output from Lexicon are in decimal Lexicon can also operate in hexadeci mal octal and binary numbering modes Internally all numbers are stored in binary but when entering or display ing them you
42. he 8 bit bi directional bus port Port A Bidirectional Bus I O Control Signal Definition INTR Interrupt Request A high on this output can be used to interrupt the CPU for input or output oper ations 3 136 Output Operations OBF Output Buffer Full The OBF output wili go low to indicate that the CPU has written data out to port A ACK Acknowledge A low on this input enables the tri state output buffer of Port A to send out the data Otherwise the output buffer will be in the high impedance state INTE 1 The INTE Flip Flop Associated with OBF Controlled by bit set reset of PCe input Operations STB Strobe Input A low on this input loads data into the input latch IBF Input Buffer Full F F A high on this output indicates that data has been loaded into the input latch INTE 2 The INTE Flip Flop Associated with IBF Controlled by bit set reset of PC4 intel 82C55A CONTROL WORD PCz0 4 INPUT 0 OUTPUT GROUP B MODE De MODE O 1 MODE 1 231256 18 Figure 13 MODE Control Word 231256 19 Figure 14 MODE 2 231256 20 Figure 15 MODE 2 Bidirectional NOTE Any sequence where WR occurs before ACK and STB occurs before AD is permissible INTR IBF e MASK e STB RD OBF e MASK e ACK e WR 3 137 intel 82C55A MODE 2 AND MODE O INPUT MODE 2 AND MODE 0 OUTPUT CONTROL WORD CONTROL WORD D D Ds D Da D D Do D
43. he 8 bit MSB and LSB outputs from the A D converter Port C s lower four lines are used to control the gain selection and the A D con verter The 12 remaining lines in the groups port B and port C upper are available for your use Chapter 4 explains how you can control these lines 3 4 Interrupts The 110 board provides an end of convert interrupt signal which can be used to interrupt the computer when an A D conversion is completed This signal is the inverse of the status signal generated by the A D converter and can be connected to any one of interrupt lines IRQ2 through IRQ7 by an on board jumper installed on header connector P3 The board is shipped with the interrupt signal disabled If you connect the end of convert to one of the interrupt channels an interrupt will occur when the line transitions from low converting to high not converting We recommend that you have an understanding of how to use interrupts in your system before you connect the end of convert to an IRQ channel 3 5 CHAPTER 4 BOARD OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING This chapter describes the operating modes and provides flow diagrams and a complete description of the I O map to aid you in programming your 110 board The example programs included on the disk in your board package are listed at the end of this chapter These programs written in BASIC Turbo Pascal and Turbo C include source code to simplify your applications programming 4 1
44. he input range is 5 to 5 volts for a gain of 1 Gain is used to match the input voltage levels being measured as closely as possible with the board s input voltage range For analog inputs ranging between 500 millivolts a gain of 10 can be used and for analog inputs ranging between 50 millivolts a gain of 100 can be used In addition the x10 and x100 gains can be increased to any desired value as described at the end of Chapter 1 Because it reduces the input voltage range increasing the gain also increases the resolution of the conversion For example when the gain is set to 100 voltage changes of 13 microvolts are reflected in the digitized data Although overvolt age protection to 12 volts is provided at the input you must be careful especially when using the gains not to connect excessive input voltages to the board 3 3 A D Converter The dual slope integrating A D converter performs conversions at a rate of either 7 5 or 30 times per second depending on the setting of DIP switch S1 The output is a 12 bit data word plus a sign bit which tells you whether the digital value represents a positive or a negative voltage The converter samples the input voltage over a window of time before performing the conversion The con verter measures the time required to charge and discharge a capacitor A counter and a reference in the A D chip determine the integration period Because the input signal is sampled for a specified perio
45. i tests sas en rase ose PC D 1 APPENDIX E WARRANTY DUO RR I PIU ARA E 1 ii 1 1 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 2 1 2 2 2 3 2 4 2 5 3 1 3 2 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 4 7 5 1 5 2 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Board Layout Showing Factory Configured Settings nn 1 3 Base Address Jumper EE 1 4 Interrupt Channel Selection Jumper P3 ane eese eere reete entretien ner no ttn EENEG 1 5 D A Output Voltage Range P5 scscssssssssscscsescececscsesessesscsnsssesessnaresessscssssssseaessaeeveneesescsccsacsvseececesenes 1 5 Single Ended Differential Analog Input Select P6 ner 1 5 External Trigger In Pl ii Ee 1 5 A D Conversion Rate Switch Sl a ea 1 6 Controlling the Programmable Gains nn 1 6 P4 1 0 Connector Pin Assignments ere 2 3 Single Ended Input Connection ccscssscsscscssssssssssscsescaesesesesencossssesesesssssesenesescssscsceseesesseseceasscsetseseaess 2 4 Differential Input Connection Without Ground Reference essen en enversnenenennvenrnenenserens 2 4 Differential Input Connection With Ground Reference rennes 2 5 Cascading Two Boards for Simultaneous Sampling ns 2 6 AD110 ADA110 Block Diagr i recor store tte torto rint atcp eo sesenta nee EE eR eee eee Rep ee eher here 3 3 D A Converter Configuration for Improved Settling Time sn 3 4 PPI Interconnect AMA een 4 3 Setting the Gain to 100 Using Bit Set Reset Function ses 4 4 Single Convert Mode Timing Diagram
46. ibrates the reference voltage used by the A D converter to compensate for the analog input circuitry Set the gain to 1 start continuous A D conversions and display the conversion results Apply the voltage source to the analog input and adjust it so that it reads 4 9982 volts 4998 2 millivolts see Table 5 1 Adjust trimpot TRI until the conversion data flickers between all 1s and 0 in the least significant bit place hexadecimal FFF and FFE Change the gain to 10 and repeat the procedure this time using an input voltage of 49982 volts 499 82 millivolts Finally repeat the procedure changing the gain to 100 and setting the input voltage at 044982 volts 49 982 millivolts Table 5 1 provides a reference for the ideal A D converter input voltage for each bit weight in each voltage range The first line is the ideal full scale all ones value and each successive line decreases by one bit weight Between the full scale voltage and the next lower bit weight is the voltage value for full scale minus 1 1 2 bits Note that the voltage values in the table are in millivolts Table 5 1 A D Converter Calibration Table ome m mem sex sesso eren em NEM GENER Ces m IT a Eu 4 8828 0 4883 0 0488 5 5 A 1 APPENDIX A 110 SPECIFICATIONS AD110 ADA110 Characteristics Typical 25 C Interface IBM PC XT AT compatible Jumper selectable base address I O mapped Jumper selectable
47. ing addresses in the computer s I O Should the factory setting of 300 hex 768 decimal be unsuitable for your system you can select a different base address These addresses are from left to right on P2 2C0 300 380 300 Le x Le Lu x sso 9 EE To change the base address setting remove the jumper from the factory setting 300 hex and using Figure 1 2 as a guide install it in the desired location Record the new base address setting on the table inside the back cover of this manual o 388838 3 p2 8 o N e Fig 1 2 Base Address Jumper P2 P3 Interrupt Channel Selection Factory Setting Disabled Header connector P3 located near the bottom center of the board lets you connect the A D converter s end of convert signal to any of the computer s interrupt channels IRQ2 highest priority channel through IRQ7 lowest priority channel The jumper is stored across the top two leftmost pins as shown in Figure 1 3 By placing this jumper vertically across the pins of one of the IRQ channels the end of convert signal can be used to generate interrupts Before trying to use interrupts you must be familiar with the procedure for initializing the interrupt vectors and the PC s interrupt controller and setting up the interrupt handling routines These procedures are beyond the scope of this manual but must be understood to effectively use interrupts in your computer system Also be careful to
48. isables the trigger in only it does not affect the trigger out EXT TRIG oz Ou P7 Fig 1 6 External Trigger In P7 1 5 S1 A D Conversion Rate Factory Setting 7 5 Hz DIP switch S1 shown in Figure 1 7 configures the board to perform A D conversions at a rate of 7 5 conver sions per second 7 5 Hz or 30 conversions per second 30 Hz The four switches operate as a group When all of the switches are in the DOWN closed position the conversion rate is 7 5 Hz This setting provides maximum rejection of 60 Hz line noise When all of the switches are in the UP open position the conversion rate is 30 Hz When changing the settings make sure ALL FOUR switches are set to the same position Note that the board has been factory calibrated for a 7 5 Hz rate If you change the rate you may need to recalibrate the board Chapter 5 Calibration explains the procedures 30HZ PI Fig 1 7 A D Conversion Rate Switch S1 S1 Changing the Programmable Gain Settings The 110 board has programmable gains of 1 10 and 100 For even greater gain flexibility two empty resistor locations are provided on your board so that you can select the gain values you want You can set the x10 gain input to any value greater than x10 and the x100 gain input to any value greater than 100 Note that the gains can only be increased from their base values they cannot be decreased Resistor R9 controls the x10 input and should be us
49. ives a single channel differential or single ended analog input and converts this input into a 12 bit digital data word which can then be read and or transferred to PC memory The analog input channel can be set for single ended or differential operation by setting a jumper on the board The input voltage range is 5 to 5 volts for a gain of 1 the range is 0 5 to 0 5 volts for gain 10 05 to 05 volts for gain 100 The conversion rate is switch selectable for either 7 5 or 30 Hz The 7 5 Hz rate provides high rejection over 60 dB of 60 Hz line noise A D conversions are performed by a 12 bit plus sign bit showing polarity dual slope integrating converter The programmable gains of 1 10 and 100 let you discern changes in the input voltage as small as 13 microvolts The converted data is read and or transferred to PC memory one byte at a time through the PC data bus Digital to Analog Conversion ADA110 Only The digital to analog D A circuitry features a single 8 bit D A converter which has a jumper selectable analog output range of 0 to 2 56 volts or 0 to 10 volts D A conversions are triggered by writing an 8 bit word to the converter Whenever a word is written to the D A converter it automatically performs the conversion and then waits for more data to begin the next conversion Digital UO The 110 series boards have 12 TTL CMOS compatible digital I O lines which can be directly interfaced with external devices or signa
50. ls to sense switch closures trigger digital events or activate solid state relays The lines are provided by the on board 8255 programmable peripheral interface PPI chip What Comes With Your Board You receive the following items in your 110 series package e AD110 or ADA110 interface board Software and diagnostics diskette with example programs in BASIC Turbo Pascal and Turbo C source code User s manual If any item is missing or damaged please call Real Time Devices Customer Service Department at 814 234 8087 If you require service outside the U S contact your local distributor In addition to the items included in your 110 package Real Time Devices offers a full line of board accessories Key accessories for the 110 series include the MX32 analog input expansion board with 16 differential or single ended input channels the TB40 terminal board and XB40 prototype terminal board for prototype development and easy signal access EX XT and EX AT extender boards for simplified testing and debugging of prototype circuitry and TW40 twisted pair and XC40 single wire flat ribbon cable assemblies for external interfacing Using This Manual This manual is intended to help you install your new board and get it running quickly while also providing enough detail about the board and its functions so that you can enjoy maximum use of its features even in the most complex applications We assume that you already have an unders
51. ne programmed as an output including INTR BF and OBF can be written or an interrupt enable flag can be either set or reset Port C lines programmed as inputs including ACK and STB lines associated with Port C are not affected by a Set Reset Port C Bit command Writing to the corresponding Port C bit positions of the ACK and STB lines with the Set Reset Port C Bit command will affect the Group A and Group B interrupt enable flags as illus trated in Figure 18 Current Drive Capability Any output on Port A B or C can sink or source 2 5 mA This feature allows the 82C55A to directly drive Darlington type drivers and high voltage displays that require such sink or source current 3 139 intel 82C55A Reading Port C Status In Mode 0 Port C transfers data to or from the pe ripherai device When the 82C55A is programmed to function in Modes 1 or 2 Port C generates or ac cepts hand shaking signals with the peripheral de vice Reading the contents of Port C allows the pro grammer to test or verify the status of each pe ripheral device and change the program flow ac cordingly There is no special instruction to read the status in formation from Port C A normal read operation of Port C is executed to perform this function INTE B INTE A2 INTE A1 Figure 18 Interrupt Enable Flags in Modes 1 and 2 3 140 Interrupt Enable Flag Position Alternate Port C Pin Signal Mode
52. o 1 10x Sets gain to 10 100x Sets gain to 100 INIT Initializes the 110 board Operating System The Operating System commands consist of utilities to change the global system param eters such as time delay and number base COMMAND STACK DESCRIPTION BYE Exits Lexicon to DOS MS Delay according to the value in TIMER DELAY Prints the present system delay TIMER n Select a time delay of n dimensionless TX Selects text mode on CRT HR Selects high resolution graphics mode BASE Displays the current number base BINARY Selects number base of 2 DECIMAL Selects number base of 10 OCTAL Selects number base of 8 HEX Selects number base of 16 DIR Displays directory of selected drive CLS Clears the text screen D 7 File Control Help Screen The File Control Help Screen commands are used to save and load the extended memory array of acquired data and the SETUP array These DOS files can also be loaded by other MS DOS programs A utility program SEE permits examination on the screen of the extended array data DESCRIPTION Loads a Lexicon data file Saves a Lexicon data file Examines data array starting a n Write present setup to SETUP file Loads the configuration setup file Displays the Lexicon help screen High Level Commands The High Level Commands are used to collect and plot data in different formats COMMAND STACK FLOAD L
53. on requirements The remaining two bits bit 1 and bit 3 configure ports B and C upper as input or output ports See the section on Defining the I O Map later in this chapter for a complete definition of the PPI control word and ports A B and C data words See the 8255 PPI data sheet in Appendix C for more operational information Interrupts The A D converter status signal is inverted and sent to header connector P3 as an end of convert signal where it can be jumpered to one of six interrupt channels IRQ2 through IRQ7 The end of convert signal is low whenever an A D conversion is in progress When the signal transitions to a high logic 1 state an interrupt is sent to the computer telling it that the conversion is completed Your board is shipped with the interrupt disabled 4 9 Defining the VO Map The I O map for the AD110 and ADA110 is shown in Table 4 1 The base address designated as BA can be selected by setting the jumper on P2 as described in Chapter 1 Board Settings One of eight starting address locations can be selected The board is shipped with the base address set at 300 hex 768 decimal The following sections describe the register contents of each address used in the I O map Table 4 1 AD110 ADA110 I O Map Address Register Description Read Function Write Function Decimal Read A D converted data PPI Port A Read Data MSB amp LSB Not used BA 0 PPI Port B Read 8 digital input lines Program 8 digital
54. ontrol word not to port C as shown in Figure 4 2 below This example shows how to set the gain to 100 When the most significant bit D7 of the control word is set to 0 it activates the bit set reset function which lets you individually set or reset any one of port C s bits Sets PCO to 1 written to BA 3 X don t care SeUReset Set PCO Function Bit Bit Select 000 PCO 0 X X X 0 0 1 0 Sets PC1 to 0 written to BA 3 X don t care Set Reset Reset PC1 Function Bit Bit Select 001 PC1 Fig 4 2 Setting the Gain to 100 Using Bit Set Reset Function 44 A D Conversion Modes The A D converter can perform conversions in two modes Single Convert and Continuous Convert The board is typically used in the Continuous Convert mode Two lines from PPI port C PC2 and PC3 are used to control the conversions These lines can be set by writing to PPI port C BA 2 or by using the single bit set reset function described in the previous section Setting the Gain and under BA 3 in the Defining the I O Map section later in this chapter PC2 controls the Start Convert function Whenever PC2 is high conversions can be started PC3 determines which byte of the converted data the MSB or the LSB is to be read at PPI port A When PC3 is low the MSB is read when it is high the LSB is read For each conversion the MSB is typically read first followed by the LSB e Single Convert Mode The Single Con
55. quisition rate to use how rapidly the data changes and how much data is being generated If you write your own software in BASIC Pascal or C you can still use Lexicon to select a correct base address and to verify correct operation of the board DESCRIPTION A Lexicon is a specialized vocabulary for a particular subject Lexicon 110 is an extension of Forth 83 a language long used for solving complex process control and data acquisition problems Time critical portions of Lexicon such as I O graphics and BIOS calls are written in assembly language Lexicon 110 is interactive fast executing and lets you fully control of the 110 s hardware resources so that you can become more familiar with your system Small programs that collect data or display readings can be used to isolate and diagnose any problems such as base address contention or signal drift In contrast to menu driven software Lexicon is command driven Like DOS a command typed in response to a prompt is input to the Lexicon system interpreted and then executed Lexicon uses the prompt ok to let you know a command has been accepted without error For example the command 100 READINGS will result in 100 A D readings in bits being taken and displayed across the screen NOTE Lexicon requires that all commands be entered in capital letters with at least one space between commands Lexicon does not recognize lower case letters The operand 100 comes before the op
56. readings you can check the accuracy of your conversions using the procedure below and make adjusts as necessary Calibration is done with the board installed in your PC You can access the trimpots with the computer s cover removed Power up the computer and let the board circuitry stabilize for 15 minutes before you start calibrating Required Equipment The following equipment is required for calibration Precision Voltage Source 0 to 5 volts Digital Voltmeter 5 1 2 digits e Small Screwdriver for trimpot adjustment A voltage source can be made using a 9 volt battery and a precision 10 turn trimpot as shown in Figure 5 1 1KQ 9VOLTS __ 2KQ V 0 o volts Fig 5 1 Adjustable Voltage Source Figure 5 2 shows the board layout The four trimpots used for calibration are shaded in the upper right area of the board A D Calibration During this procedure you will make connections to the analog input at external I O connector P4 The pin assignments for P4 are given in Appendix B Two adjustments are made to calibrate the A D converter One is the offset adjustment and the other is the full scale adjustment Trimpots TR2 through TR4 adjust the offset and TR1 adjust the full scale voltage Offset Adjustment The offset adjustment compensates for the inherent offset output voltage of the programmable gain amplifier Three adjustments must made one for each gain setting 5 3 EXT
57. rential Analog Input Select Factory Setting Single Ended 1 5 P7 External Trigger In Factory Setting Disabled sise 1 5 S1 A D Conversion Rate Factory Setting 7 5 Hz sssssssssssscsssssssssesecssesesescsesssuscsssssssesssescsorestacseseseness 1 6 Changing the Programmable Gain Settings sense 1 6 CHAPTER 2 BOARD INSTALLATION S M 2 1 Board Installation C AA ela idol aida 2 3 External I O Connections C ana 2 3 Connecting the Analog Input Pins cssssssssccssesscssssescsescsseseseccosssesseessscsescsacscssecescseseseeeecsscsscscsuscesenenceceees 2 4 Connecting the Digital I O Pins vanen serensenenensaansnenenenenenenenenenenenenenenenenensnenenenenenenenenensnenenenenonen 2 5 Connecting the Trigger In and Trigger Out Pins 2 5 Connecting the Status Pin siennas nnana aA recitata 2 5 Connecting the Reset Dry Bi aa an a a eae EEE nidad 2 5 CHAPTER 3 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION sscseseseosenesssnennsnesnenensnsenensensenenensenensenensesessenssnenenuene 3 1 A D Conversion Circuitty AAA ON 3 3 Analog Input cirie 3 3 NN dee 3 4 D A Converter ADAT10 Onl 55 issssorsrenaststnnendreastsendoeatnenssessoenrientan aea ro ih antun riconvertito 3 4 Programmable Peripheral Interface nn 3 4 A ROO 3 5 CHAPTER 4 BOARD OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING cccccocssccoscessa
58. rol register and all ports are set to the input mode R WRITE CONTROL This input is low during CPU write operations E 37 40 41 44 VO PORT A PINS 4 7 Upper nibble of an 8 bit data output latch buffer and an 8 bit data input latch NC 1 12 No Connect 23 34 3 125 PC7 4 DI eis wo i CC O Ni o v D 2 A o i m intel 82C55A FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION Genera The 82C55A is a programmable peripheral interface device designed for use in Intel microcomputer sys tems Its function is that of a general purpose 1 0 component to interface peripheral equipment to the microcomputer system bus The functional configu ration of the 82C55A is programmed by the system software so that normally no external logic is neces sary to interface peripheral devices or structures Data Bus Butter This 3 state bidirectional 8 bit buffer is used to inter face the 82C55A to the system data bus Data is transmitted or received by the buffer upon execution of input or output instructions by the CPU Control words and status information are also transterred through the data bus buffer Read Write and Control Logic The function of this block is to manage all of the internal and external transfers of both Data and Control or Status words It accepts inputs from the CPU Address and Control busses and in turn issues commands to both of the Control Groups Group A and Group B Controls The functional configuration of e
59. rsion PC2 1 Check Status EN Status 1 Yes 0 Status 0 Yes Set PC3 0 to enable MSB Read PPI Port A for MSB Set PC3 1 to enable LSB Yes Read PPI Port A No Stop Conversion for LSB PC2 0 Stop Program Fig 4 6 Continuous Convert Mode Flow Diagram 4 7 Cascading Boards Two or more boards can be cascaded and triggered so that A D conversions are performed simultaneously on each board Figure 4 7 provides a flow diagram for cascaded operation Chapter 2 shows how to connect the boards for simultaneous triggering BOARDS 1 4 2 Program 8255 PPI Port A in Port C Low out BOARDS 1 amp 2 Select Gain For xt PC1 0 PCO 0 For x10 PC1 1 PCO 0 For x100 PC1 0 PCO 1 BOARD 1 Start Conversion PC2 1 Check Status o Status 1 BOARD 1 Yes BOARD 1 Stop Conversion PC2 0 BOARD 1 Check Status Status 0 Yes BOARD 1 BOARD 2 Set PC3 0 Set PC3 0 to enable MSB to enable MSB BOARD 1 BOARD 2 Read PPI Port A Read PPI Port A for MSB for MSB BOARD 1 BOARD 2 Set PC3 1 Set PC3 1 to enable LSB to enable LSB BOARD 1 Read PPI Port A for LSB Yes BOARD 2 Read PPI Port A for LSB No Stop Program Fig 4 7 Cascaded Boards Single Convert Mode Flow Diagram 4 8 D A Conversions ADA110 Only The single 8 bit analog output channel on the ADA110 board lets you generate output volt
60. s SET Interrupt enable BIT RESET INTE is RESET Interrupt disable Figure 7 Bit Set Reset Format Note All Mask flip flops are automatically reset during mode selection and device Reset 3 129 intel 82C55A Operating Modes Mode 0 Basic Functional Definitions Mode 0 Basic Input Output This functional con S TWO Ports and ve ote figuration provides simple input and output opera e Any port can be input or cutput tions for each of the three ports No handshaking e Outputs are latched is required data is simply written to or read from a e Inputs are not latched specified port e e 16 different Input Output configurations are pos sible in this Mode MODE 0 BASIC INPUT 231256 8 MODE 0 BASIC OUTPUT 231256 9 intel 82C55A MODE 0 Port Definition GROUPE T PORTA OUTPUT Ls i outeur oumur OUTPUT oureut OUTPUT MODE 0 Configurations CONTROL WORD 0 CONTROL WORD 2 Or Os Os Da 0 D D O7 D Ds D 0 0 D Do CONTROL WORD 1 0 D Ds D 0 9 D Do CONTROL WORD 3 D Os Os O 0 D D D P6 PB 231256 10 MODE 0 Configurations Continued CONTROL WORD 4 D D D D D D D D CONTROL WORD 5 D D D D D CONTROL WORD 6 D D b D 0 D D CONTROL WORD 47 D O Ds D 0 D D 82C55A 3 132 CONTROL WORD 68 D D D D D D D De CONTROL WORD 9 D De Ds D CONTROL WORD 10 O D Ds D D
61. scssesserseseerercese 4 1 A D COnversions saiisine sesei al AR rare tira 4 3 Initializing the AAA EC 4 3 Setting the Gain RR EROE AIA 4 4 A D Conversi n Meggie as 4 5 Single Convert Moler PE 4 5 Continuous Convert Mode m 4 5 accipi cuc ili iaia ricrea cavia 4 8 D A Conversions ADATIO Only iii ee dedans tatin een Ee 4 9 Digital O adn iii ri 4 9 TUCU EE 4 9 DELE the VO MD eec 4 10 BA 0 PPI Port A Read A D Data Read Ont 4 10 BA 1 PPI Port B Digital I O Read Write ee 4 11 BA 2 PPI Port C A D Control Digital I O Read Write nennen 4 11 BA 3 PPI Control Word Read Write ee 4 12 BA 4 Status Read Only ee ENEE 4 13 BA 8 D A Converter Write Only see 4 13 Example Programs nenn einer ani 4 14 BASIC Programs iaa 4 14 Turbo Pascal Programs erer 4 14 AAA O RL i 4 14 Lexicon Test and Diagnostics TOO ees 4 14 CHAPTER 5 CALIBRATION mms mesensnnneesnesorcrconesesesee 5 1 Required EQUIP qo vii cec inbelt Cei OLI 5 3 A D Calibralioti ne RR ana 5 3 OffserAdj stment lia i 5 3 ESA eege 5 5 APPENDIX A 110 SPECIFICATIONS userusssesosesoososnonsnsnenenenenenenenenansnenenononsneneneneneneneneneneneneneneen A 1 APPENDIX B CONNECTOR PIN ASSIGNMENTS s202002020000000000000000en0n0n00nenenenennenenenenenennn B 1 APPENDIX C COMPONENT DATA SHEETS 0 cccccscccsssosscccsccsssesvssecessssesesacecsscacesecescececececers C 1 APPENDIX D LEXICON 110 msn eta
62. t B Port C One 8 bit data output latch buffer and one 8 bit data input buffer no latch for input This port can be divided into two 4 bit ports under the mode control Each 4 bit port contains a 4 bit latch and it can be used for the control signal outputs and status signal inputs in conjunction with ports A and B Only pull up bus hold devices are present on Port C See Figure 4 for the bus hold circuit configuration for Port A B and C intel 82C55A BIDIRECTIONAL DATA BUS 231256 3 EXTERNAL INTERNAL PORT A DATA IN PIN INTERNAL DATA OUT EXTERNAL PORT B C PIN INTERNAL DATA NOTE 231256 4 Port pins loaded with more than 20 pF capacitance may not have their logic level guaranteed following a hardware reset Figure 4 Port A B C Bus hold Configuration 3 127 intel 82C55A 82C55A OPERATIONAL DESCRIPTION Mode Selection There are three basic modes of operation that can be selected by the system software Mode 0 Basic input output Mode 1 Strobed Input output Mode 2 Bi directional Bus When the reset input goes high all ports will be set to the input mode with all 24 port lines held at a logic one level by the internal bus hoid devices see Figure 4 Note After the reset is removed the 82C55A can remain in the input mode with no addi tional initialization required This eliminates the need
63. t C lower are used to control the gain selection and A D conversion Figure 4 1 shows how the PPI interfaces with the converter and programmable gain amplifier To set these lines up so that you can control the gain and take A D conversions the PPI must be initialized whenever you power up or reset your system This is done by writing data to the PPI control word at I O address location BA 3 The I O map is defined later in this chapter The PPI must be set up like this 1 0 0 1 X 0 x 0 Lor pe 05 pa ps o2 p po X user defined see BA 3 register definition later in this chapter EXT TRIGGER IN A D CONVERTER 8255 PPI PORT B DIGITAL 8 BITS vo DIGITAL vo STATUS OUT Fig 4 1 PPI Interconnect Diagram Setting the Gain You can set the gain by writing to lines PCO and PCI of port C I O address location BA 2 When you initialize the PPI the gain is automatically set to 1 The gain control settings are PC1 PCO Setting Setting Note that when you write to port C to change the gain setting you must preserve the other six bits of data PC2 through PC7 as you had them if you want those settings to be unchanged There is a way to individually set and reset the lines of port C by writing the correct data to the control word at address location BA 3 For example you can individually set to logic 1 or reset to logic 0 PCO and PC1 by writing two sets of data to the c
64. t only Lexicon created files can be loaded by the system SINE DAT is an example of a data file and is included on your disk It was generated by using a 110 board to digitize the output of a sine wave signal generator To run Lexicon enter the name LEX110 from DOS Lexicon will load zero the internal data buffers load a setup file take 15 test A D readings in bits and display a HELP screen It would be very helpful if you have a voltage source or battery connected to the input of the 110 board This will enable you to see if the displayed values match and track the input voltage LOADING THE SAMPLE DATA To examine the contents of the disk use the command DIR just as you would from DOS To load a Lexicon file with the extension DAT use FLOAD lt name gt This command displays the directory of the active disk drive and prompts for a file name After you enter a file name it will be loaded into the data buffers The command to display the data in the data buffer is PLOT To exit the PLOT program press the ESC key D 4 CHANGING THE DEFAULT BASE ADDRESS If you change the base address setting of the 110 by repositioning the jumper pin at connector P2 you must inform Lexicon that you made this change The command to do this is ADDR Lexicon must be made aware of this change or it will attempt to communicate with the 110 at a different address and won t work at all Lexicon boots up at base address 512 200 hex To chan
65. t the high side of the analog input to analog input channel AIN1 and connect the low side of the input to AIN1 Then connect the ground from the signal source to ANALOG GND P4 7 110 VO CONNECTOR Pa SIGNAL SOURCE OUT DIFF Fig 2 4 Differential Input Connection With Ground Reference Connecting the Digital I O Pins For all digital I O connections PBO 7 and PC4 7 the high side of an external signal source or destination device is connected to the appropriate signal pin on the I O connector and the low side is connected to any DIGI TALGND Connecting the Trigger In and Trigger Out Pins The 110 board has an external trigger input P4 19 and output P4 17 so that two or more boards can be cascaded and run synchronously in a master slave configuration By cascading two or more boards as shown in Figure 2 5 they can be triggered to start an A D conversion at exactly the same time Connecting the Status Pin The STATUS output can be connected to an external circuit which monitors the status of the A D converter Connecting the Reset Drv Pin The RESET DRV pin can be used to connect the RESET signal generated by the PC to external circuitry 2 5 110 VO CONNECTOR BOARD 1 MASTER H O SIGNAL PIN 11 SOURCE 1 EXT TRIG O a z o u l o 0 PIN 17 of o SLAVE TRIGGER IN Fig 2 5 Cascading Two Boards for Simultaneous Sampling 2 6 C
66. tanding of data acquisition principles and that you can customize the example software or write your own applications programs When You Need Help This manual and the example programs in the software package included with your board provide enough information to properly use all of the board s features If you have any problems installing or using this board contact our Technical Support Department 814 234 8087 during regular business hours eastern standard time or eastern daylight time or send a FAX requesting assistance to 814 234 5218 When sending a FAX request please include your company s name and address your name your telephone number and a brief description of the problem i 4 CHAPTER 1 BOARD SETTINGS The 110 board has jumper and switch settings you can change if necessary for your application The board is factory configured with the most often used settings The factory settings are listed and shown on a diagram in the beginning of this chapter Should you need to change these settings use these easy to follow instruc tions before you install the board in your computer Also note that by installing resistors at two locations on the board R9 and R10 you can increase the programmable gain settings of x10 and x100 to any values you choose The procedure for customizing the gain is described at the end of this chapter Factory Configured Switch and Jumper Settings Table 1 1 lists the factor
67. vert mode lets you perform a single A D conversion each time you pulse the Start Convert line PC2 high Figure 4 3 shows the timing diagram for this mode and Figure 4 5 provides a flow diagram Start Convert Done PC2 CE a A AREA Status Status Converting PC3 4 Read Data rt MSB LSB Fig 4 3 Single Convert Mode Timing Diagram Continuous Convert Mode The Continuous Convert mode lets you perform continuous A D conversions by keeping the Start Convert line PC2 high Figure 4 4 shows the timing diagram for this mode and Figure 4 6 provides a flow diagram Start Convert Done Done PC2 Status Status Converting Status Converting P _ kl Head Data 1 MSB LSB MSB LSB Fig 4 4 Continuous Convert Mode Timing Diagram 4 5 Program 8255 PPI Pon A in Port C Low out Select Gain For x1 PC1 0 PC0 0 For x10 PC1 1 PC0 0 For x100 PC1 2 0 PCO 1 Start Conversion PC2 1 Check Status N Status 1 Stop Conversion PC2 0 Check Status Status 0 Set PC3 0 to enable MSB Read PPI Port A for MSB Set PC3 1 to enable LSB No dpi A Stop Program Fig 4 5 Single Convert Mode Flow Diagram Yes 4 6 Program 8255 PPI Port A in Port C Low out Select Gain For x1 PC1 0 PC0 0 For x10 PC1 1 PC0 0 For x100 PC1 0 PCO 1 Start Conve
68. y D D CONTROL WORD 11 0 D D D D Ds 0 231256 11 intel 82C55A MODE 0 Configurations Continued CONTROL WORD 12 O Dg D O 0 D O D CONTROL WORD 13 D De D D D D D Do Operating Modes MODE 1 Strobed Input Output This functional configuration provides a means for transferring 1 0 data to or from a specified port in conjunction with strobes or handshaking signals In mode 1 Port A and Port B use the lines on Port C to generate or accept these handshaking signals CONTROL WORD 14 D De Ds D Dy D O Do CONTROL WORD 15 D De D O O D D Do ENERO Pay Phy PrP ato Pere 231256 12 Mode 1 Basic functional Definitions e Two Groups Group A and Group B e Each group contains one 8 bit data port and one 4 bit control data port e The 8 bit data port can be either input or output Both inputs and outputs are latched e The 4 bit port is used for control and status of the 8 bit data port 3 133 inte 82C55A Input Control Signal Definition MODE 1 PORT A STB Strobe Input A low on this input loads data into the input latch CONTROL WORD D Ds Ds D D D D Do IK IBF Input Buffer Full F F SS A high on this output indicates that the data has ur 0 OUTPUT been loaded into the input latch in essence an ac knowledgement IBF is set by STB input being low and is reset by the rising edge of the RD input
69. y common functions like drawing a pixel reading time changing video modes and disk I O Certain Lexicon 110 functions such as time delays are implemented using BIOS DOS interrupts For example to tell time Lexicon performs a BIOS call 1AH to obtain the number of 18th second clock ticks since midnight This means that when taking readings the closest they can be discerned is 1 18 of a second apart This is a limitation imposed by DOS The correct time of day read by this interrupt is dependent on the correct time being entered when you boot your machine INSTALLING LEXICON 110 Before running Lexicon we recommend that you create a separate Lexicon disk This is done by copying the following files contained in the LEXICON subdirectory on the program disk onto a blank formatted disk LEX110 COM SETUP LEX BLOCKS BKS SINE DAT Lexicon 110 is supplied as a COM file and must include several other files in order to operate properly One file that must be included is SETUP LEX a small file loaded after Lexicon is booted This file contains the base address of the 110 SETUP LEX can be configured for other values by the software so it can boot on an unused I O location BLOCKS BKS is the Lexicon file that contains the boot instructions used by the system to set some initial characteristics and also lists the HELP screen Data files created by Lexicon are always followed by the extension DAT and have a special internal coding to insure tha
70. y for faster CPUs To actually get a feel for how long the delay is use the command MS or READ TRY THIS 500 TIMER READ or 5000 TIMER MS DISCUSSION A value of 500 is entered into the time delay variable This is about a 1 9 second delay between readings It is faster for higher clock speeds and will scale up linearly OPERATING SYSTEM COMMANDS The Lexicon Operating System commands are used to interface with the entire system such as clearing the screen or changing the number base CLS Clears the text screen works like the same command in BASIC TX Selects the video text mode If your display appears stuck in the high resolution graphics mode enter TX to return it to the text mode HR Selects the high resolution video mode BASE Prints the current number base in decimal BYE Exits Lexicon and returns to DOS HIGH LEVEL COMMANDS DRIVE SELECTION A Selects drive A as the default drive B Selects drive B as the default drive C Selects drive C as the default drive D 11 TRY THIS C FSAVE DISCUSSION Selects drive C as the default drive for listing loading and storing Lexicon files TRY THIS A DIR DISCUSSION This command sequence selects drive A as the default drive and lists the directory D 12 E 1 APPENDIX E WARRANTY LIMITED WARRANTY Real Time Devices Inc warrants the hardware and software products it manufa
71. y settings of the user configurable switch and jumpers on the 110 board Figure 1 1 shows the board layout and the locations of the factory set jumpers The following paragraphs explain how to change the factory settings Table 1 1 Factory Settings Switch TEE Function Controlled Factory Setting pa sets the base address 300 hex 768 decimal Connects the A D end of convert signal to an interrupt channel Disabled not connected Sets the D A output voltage range ADA110 only Oto 2 56 volts BEN Sets the analog input type Single ended Connects an external trigger for simultaneous P7 triggering of cascaded boards Disabled not connected U3 EXT ns Js es 7 a HST 74LS139 _ ut o u2 C28 U12 SERA State Collage Pa 16804 AD110 ADA110 7 Ces Real Time Devices Inc Data Acquisition amp Control En CABRA uo Made in U S A P Aa System cit Fig 1 1 Board Layout Showing Factory Configured Settings P2 Base Address Factory Setting 200 hex 512 decimal One of the most common causes of failure when you are first trying your board is address contention Some of your computer s I O space is already occupied by internal I O and other peripherals When the 110 board attempts to use I O address locations already used by another device contention results and the board does not work To avoid this problem the 110 has a header connector P2 which lets you select any one of eight start

AD110/ADA110 User`s Manual - RTD Embedded Technologies, Inc.

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