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Manual - TraffGo HT

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1. that even good and efficient models can be understood and used easily All the software enclosed underlies a persistent develop ment Thus slight differences between your software version and the content presented are possible In case of significant alterations you will receive supplementary or renewed chapters Especially with software like an evacuation simulation it is important to comprehend how the model works in order to interpret the outcomes correctly As many information as the simulation provides it cannot be disregarded that it only re flects an idealized case and thus reality never can be repro duced with all its contingencies simulation is just as good as its assumptions O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 1 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Introduction Information about new releases fixed bugs and new functions can be found on our homepage at http www traf go ht com 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 1 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Software Overview 2 Software Overview The software package consists of several applications which will help you step by step through the evacuation analysis 2 1 Editor You will use the editor for the first steps After the import of CAD drawings you can use it to rework the geometries The editor also serves to define routes which the agents will follow and you will populate the floor plan by indicating which amount of agenis will be distributed where e PedEd d TraffGo HT3 Fussg
2. frequency 1 evacuation curves agents mean s signa 78 max s min ws eO ojojo co calculated durations seed duration 4711 388 21 391 4713 389 4714 396 2013 by Traff Go HT GmbH saved 1019 1019 1019 1019 742 31 34 38 41 28 743 62 44 48 49 38 744 93 52 53 57 45 saved agents and times s O O O 0 O 10 26 3l 32 38 20 35 36 37 45 30 40 42 42 49 40 46 48 46 Su 50 54 do 52 61 Results Explanation Distribution of the calculated durations Evacuation duration Frequency of duration Evacuation curves Amount of saved agents Time for the mean run Time for the significant run Time for the maximum run Time for the minimum run Amount of saved agents One line per run with seed duration amount of saved agents and the time when the amount of agents named above where saved fes User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 1 5 LogPointData Mean Run logpointname xls For each log point a file with its name is created containing all statistical data of all runs File Explanation PedGo mean run log points file customer TraffGo HT Name of licensee project file C logpoint logpoint pg2 Name of the project file Program version number Name of logpoint program version 2 5 1 15 log point name Log log point coordinates 47 23 0 size m 1 1E3 Logpoints coordinates Size of room Beware Older sprea
3. loaded in the simulation Starting at the user defined destination cells the potential spreads out over the accessible cells free jump point door and stair cells Due to the users definition of the routes the corresponding door and stair cells are marked and thus the spread of the potential can be controlled as follows 1 From the goal cells a potential value is assigned to all cells of the assigned room lts boundaries are wall door virtual and jump cells While the potential is spreading all jump door and virtual cells which are marked as routes are saved for the next step 2 From the cells saved in step 1 which were marked as route cells the potential spreads into the following rooms as in step 1 Once again all the new cells which are marked as routes are saved 3 Step 2 is repeated until no more new route cells are found 4 The potential is spread room wise via door virtual and jump cells which were not marked as route cells until all accessible cells are given a potential value The impact of the definition of routes on the spread of the potential blue and green cells can be seen in the following example Regu lar doors are marked yellow the ones that mark the route are red O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 7 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model Step 1 The potential reaches Step 2 The potential spreads the upper deck through the along the marked doors and stairway stairways FCD 7 7 ITT E HEHEH
4. nger 3 6 Projekte Maritim 3 6 01 AENEAS Dampier Ca lo x Project Floor Cells Help niels lalele Er 3 t1030 E X23d c 240301 e Routes Persons r e ALL m Drawing Color ER 44930 Drawing coords x 96 5m y 14 5m Cell coords 237 4 2 The editor is used to e import of CAD drawings e prepare the geometry e define exits and routes e define blocked rooms by hazards and e to distribute agents It saves the project file with the file extension pg2 2 2 Simulation The project file generated by the Editor is loaded into the simula tion which performs a sochastic analysis This means that e g 500 O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 2 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Software Overview evacuation runs are simulated for each project The results are then evaluated statistically Each single run can be repeated in order to obtain detailed infor mation El aeneassim d TraffGo HTXtempsDampfer v4 Dampfer pg2 Project Settings Simulation Help elule sl ss aa 2 EM Persons total 542 Persons saved 0 Time Os Seed 10 x Situation Density Dir Index c 2009 by TraffGo HT GmbH APT ok Dongle ok Lic ok The simulation loads the project file file extension pg2 and is used e for stochastic analyses of the evacuation 500 runs and e for the repetition of individual runs for detailed data The results are saved in
5. 3 3 2 Editing Agents al 4 15 4 3 4 Groups Dialog Sep ol 4 16 S Ml CUTE 4 17 4 5 Generating the proiect eee 4 17 4 5 1 Import Floors Decks eee 4 19 4 5 2 Stairs and Jump Points ee ennnennn 4 21 4 5 3 Define Houtes nennen nennen 4 23 4 5 4 PAN nee ee 4 26 4 5 5 Saving the poroiect nenn 4 27 5 PedGO AENEASSIM nn 5 1 ICON IO eea mee en ee nee 5 1 5 1 1 PACU AO EE 5 1 5 1 2 Updating the Dongle een 5 2 S MEE BEA EC 5 2 5 2 1 MIL e ads 5 9 O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS 5 2 2 Tab Sheet Situation ans 5 4 5 2 3 Tab Sheet Density eres 5 5 5 2 4 Tab Sheet Directional Index 5 6 53 GOMMOUPAUOMNS EE 5 7 9 9 1 Program Bl 5 7 5 3 2 Agents dene 5 8 533 Exits BI 5 9 5 34 Ship motion only AENEAS 8 5 10 5 4 Simulation RUN rss 5 11 5 4 1 TIE SPU 5 12 5 4 2 Quick Demo BBBBL ccccsssscssssesssccessccessseersscenssceuseeersses 5 12 5 4 3 Mean EE 5 12 5 4 4 Single Calculation H SN 5 14 6 PedViewAENEASVieW nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 6 1 JE elei et E 6 1 6 1 1 ME O ae 6 2 6 1 2 TIC do Dino q E 6 3 6 1 3 aD GE 6 3 T FUSA 7 1 7 1 Mean calculations nn 7 1 7 1 1 demograpbce vis 7 2 7 1 2 FOufecdaia vie 7 2 7 1 3 durdist seed StartSeed EndSeed bmp 7 3 7 1 4 s
6. Overview Details Routes D fit Alternatives f Can our Fe ae PO i HEN Left staircase Right staircase Followups Dt Probability Route o ooo O 18 Shortest Fig 44 The route window with all defined routes 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 23 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor In order to define a destination of a chosen route draw a line while the button Exit is pressed The destination elements are dis played in thicker lines compared to the lines marking the routes Fig 45 Goal cells of a route It is useful to position goal cells of an exit not adjacent to the door cells but with a distance of three cells This reduces the influence of the agents being taken out of the floor plan onto the flow through the door O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 24 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Fig 46 All three routes in the floor plan The definition of the routes influences the spread of the potential Using the route lines doors and stairs are marked by which the potential primarily spreads If no further marked door and jump cells can be identified the potential spreads through the remaining rooms see 3 3 1 In this example the route lines mark the necessary doors and stairs so the potentials of the route are spread as shown in Fig 46 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 25 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Fig 47 The completely modelled level including defined escape routes and desti
7. Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2008 Springer Berlin Gattermann P Waldau N amp Schreckenberg M ed 2006 Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2005 Springer Berlin Galea E R ed 2003 Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynam ics 2003 CMS Press London Schreckenberg M amp Sharma S ed 2002 Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics 2001 Springer Berlin Guideline on Microscopic Evacuation Analyses RiMEA www rimea de 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 9 3
8. Points ee 3 5 3 2 7 Hazard ee 3 6 3 3 Routes and Orientation nenn nenne nennen 3 7 3 3 1 Route Definition and Potential Spread 3 7 3 3 2 Fe UTS CS rains ee 3 9 3 3 3 Alternative HOoUlBS stesse arena ann ire eau 3 11 3 3 4 FONOWUD Kli 3 11 db BANE mA 3 12 3 4 1 See RE 3 12 3 4 2 OnentallotTzicuss os PR RR ee 3 13 3 4 3 Movement and Update ie 3 15 FAN Ge 4 1 4 1 Main E senkes as Sosa canas na 4 2 4 1 1 Steet 4 2 4 1 2 Menu ltem Project rrnnnnvnrnnnrvnvnnnnvvnnnnnrvnnnnnnennnnnnennnnsn 4 2 4 1 3 Menu Item FIOOL DOCK ccccccccceeccceeceteeeeneeeeaeeteneetanees 4 2 O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS 4 1 4 Menu Item Cells cessere 4 3 4 1 5 Dialogs of Menu Items erram 4 4 4 1 5 1 Project Color Coding D TE 4 4 4 1 5 2 Floor Import F 4 5 4 1 5 3 Floor Deck gt Hename rem 4 6 4 1 5 4 Floor Deck Duplicate em 4 6 4 1 5 5 Floor Deck gt New Floor 4 7 4 1 5 6 Cells gt Go to cell ns 4 7 4 2 View Window rarnrnnnnrrnnnnnrnnnnennnnnennnnnrnnnnennnnnennnnnsnnnnnennnnnene 4 8 4 3 Tools Window rrnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnene 4 8 4 3 1 Tab sheet Geometry 4 8 4 3 1 1 Adding a Hazard RR 4 9 4 3 2 Tab Sheet Routes renas 4 10 4 3 2 1 Route Dialog E 4 11 4 3 3 Tab Sheet e EE 4 13 4 3 3 1 Adding Agents EE 4 14 4
9. analysing evaluating and saving the resulis Since each real evacuation varies in its sequence the simulation is not just run once but several times typically 500 times Thereby the demographic parameters are newly assigned before every run stochastic decisions happen and events like hazards also happen at stochastical times The results are analyzed statistically and each run can be repeated to get more detailed information 5 1 Licencing 5 1 1 Activation The software is activated by a dongle which means that it is noi linked to one computer As long as the licence duration saved on the dongle is valid and the dongle is plugged into the USB port of your computer the software runs for an unlimited amount of agents With the dongle missing projects with up to twenty agents can be simulated Fig 50 Dongle to activate the software O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim The duration of usage the customer name number and the dongle number are saved on the dongle To use the software please plug the dongle into a free USB port of your computer and start the software The data saved on the don gle can be shown by clicking Settings gt Licence in the menu I NEM Customer Name Trato HT Customer Number 1 Dongle Number 1250590 valid from 1 1 2013 valid until 31 12 2013 Today 30 10 2013 2 35 25 PM OK Fig 51 Window showing the dongle information In the status b
10. automatically generated bitmap for the fre quency distribution 7 1 4 seedz StartSeed EndSeed xls The result file can be divided into two parts The first contains the used input data and a statistical overview of the results while the second part lists the results of each run The first part is structured as described below O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 7 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results File Explanation PedGo result file mean run customer TraffGo HT Name of licensee project file d demo demo pg2 Name of the project file program version 2 5 0 6 Program version number simulation time start 12321256 System time at the start and end of the simulation end 12 42 49 statistics Statistical results simulations 500 Amount of simulation runs agents 1019 Amount of simulated agents success 500 Amount of successful runs no success 0 Amount of unsuccessful runs s min s seed Statistical durations mean 295 04 55 4715 Mean duration stddev 5 00 05 TEY Standard deviation 95 lt 303 05 03 4850 Significant duration min 283 04 43 4934 Minimum duration max 310 O52 10 4870 Maximum duration Group Data Number Name File name Group numbers and names 0 Pax no file 1 Crew no file Route Data see routedata xls for details Number Name Route numbers and names O Crew 1 Pax 2013 by Traff Go HT GmbH 7 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS File time distribution time s 741
11. cells Only one agent per cell is allowed When an agent stands still or moves with 1 c s cell per second it occupies only one cell At higher speeds the agent will block the cells it has passed in one time step 1 second Through this a correlation between walking speed and needed space the curve of the fundamental diagram is formed see Fig 5 This so called self organisation cannot be manipulated by the user 3 4 1 Parameters Each agent possesses its individual parameters which are assigned at the beginning of each simulation run The following parameters are applied O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 12 Vmax Patience Sway Reaction Dawdle Inertia Clustering User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model The amount of cells an agent can cover at max within one time step cells per second The maximum duration an agent can stand still e g in a congestion before changing its route and attempting to find an escape route leading in the opposite direction The accuracy with which an agent follows the course of the potential see 1 The duration an agent needs to respond to the evacuation signal e g start moving The probability for an agent to reduce its walking speed e g to stand still for the rest of a sub time step The agents try to continue on its walking direction see 1 The grade of cohesion in a group e g families groups The parameters can be assigned by normal or equal distribut
12. goal cells of Route 1 the cor responding save value is set to O When Route 1 is selected the followup routes 2 to 4 are displayed on the right side in the followup table with the appropriate probabilities 4 4 3 Tab Sheet Agents The tab sheet Agents is used to insert and edit groups of agents Route Defaut m Groups Fig 32 The tool window with the selected tab sheet Agents 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 13 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor It offers the following additional functions to Geometry Add new agents Change agent data Insert a log point to record the number of agents per time for the marked room I lE l o Show information of chosen groups Raute Crew Active route to which the agents are assigned Open route dialog HE Groups Define agent groups 4 4 3 1 Adding Agents When clicking on the floor plan you will select the cell and thus the room in which the agents are distributed With the opening dialog you can determine the amount of agents to be distributed the route they will be assigned to and the group they will belong to x Amount 1 room size lI Route Pax MN zT Group formerly Pax Cancel Fig 33 The dialog window to insert agents Ok The parameter Group allows you to define groups with different demographic parameters e g old young fast slow O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 14 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Next
13. more likely to be chosen 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 14 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model dei P direction new p direction Probability for the choice of the next cell in running direction considering inertia p direction new Probability for the choice of the next cell in direction of movement p direction O Inertia 3 4 3 Movement and Update The way and order the agents are moved is called update There are different versions differing not only in degree of complexity but also diversely affecting the fundamental diagram of the model see Fig 5 The simulation uses a so called Random Shuffle Update which in its result is similar to a Parallel Update but leads to higher computational rates In one time step one second the agents are moved in a certain number of sub updates This number equals the maximum walking speed of the whole population e g 5 cells per second leads to 5 sub updates In one sub update the agents are moved in a constant changing order by one cell until they are blocked by the surrounding or they reached their maximum walking speed O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 15 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model determine order perform all actions of persons Sub Update time time 1 all persons saved Fig 16 Flow diagram of the random shuffle update t Sub Update n maximum number of cells per time step time time step 1 second Fig 17 shows a schematic example for the ra
14. moving up or down on the stairway and when to change the level Mainly this is managed through the transition from a step cell S to the down DN cell as follows present cell following cell gt action S DN Move up one floor DN S Move down one floor 3 2 7 Hazard Rooms can be blocked at stochastically defined times in order to take e g smoke fire or floodings into account If alternative routes are defined see Chpt 3 3 agents choose an alternative route when discovering cells of a blocked room The information about the change of routes is then passed on to neighbouring agents If no alternative route is defined agents will stick to their route but the duration spent in a blocked room is logged O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 6 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model 3 3 Routes and Orientation On their way to the goal cells the agents follow the routes which are specified by the user For orientation agents make use of po tentials For each route the cells have a value which is increasing proportional to the distance from the goal cells The agent finds its way to the end of a route by comparing the potential value of the cell it is standing on with the value of the neighbouring cells 3 3 1 Route Definition and Potential Spread In order to understand how agents choose their way and in order to lead them as wished it is very important to understand how the potential is spread throughout the geometry each time a project is
15. tab sheet which can be selected through the tab field on the right side of the window 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH Editor FASO g Maggie 9 230 20 4 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 2 Main Menu e N Buttons Start a new project erase old data Open an existing project Reload the actual project Save current project Rapid saving only tdf files Define colour coding Import a level as a dxf file Move active level up Move active level down Display the grid Display cell information Display original dxf elements Display filtered and rounded dxf elements Show route tags ERR EEK MRE os ee Show bottlenecks 4 2 2 Menu Item Project Save as Saves the project under a new name Exit Close the Editor 4 2 3 Menu Item Floor Deck Rename Rename the active level 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Reverse order Reverse the order of the levels Duplicate Duplicate the active level Remove Remove the active level New Insert a new level Update extends Refresh of the maximum extends of the pro ject Statistics Shows you statistics of the project Cleanup Checks all drawing elements and selects all which are superfluous By pressing Del you can delete them and thus clean up a project 4 2 4 Menu Item Cells Go to cell Seis the focus on the specified cell Autocalc cells Calculates the cell information automatically when elements are
16. the figures of a chess game Fig 4 Example for discretising the floor plan The cell area represents the area an agent uses within a conges tion lt is based on scientific observations 5 Hence the maximal density of agents in this model accounts for 6 25 P m O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model The functional relation between the flow of agents agents per me ter width and seconds in dependence of the density agents per square meter was derived from empirical research 6 The funda mental diagram shows that the flow decreases after a maximum flow is reached and the density is further increased Fig 5 1 800 1 600 1 400 1 200 T 2 5 0 7 E 1 000 Weidmann Han amp Wright E 0 800 D 8M LL 0 600 0 400 0 200 0 000 T T T T T T T T T T T T 00 05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Density P m Fig 5 Fundamental diagrams of the simulation model v2 5 0 7 and empirical data Weidmann Hankin amp Wright Predtechenskii amp Mil inskii Fig 5 clearly shows that large differences exist between the empir ical data sets Therefore the fundamental diagram of PedGo is orientated along the diagram of Weidmann 3 2 Cell Types In order to represent the floor plan in a realistic manner several cell types are used Most of them are generally influencing the walking speed of agents passing
17. to the routes defined the parameter shortest can be chosen as route so the agent will use the route with the smallest potential amount on the cell it is standing on Agents can be assigned to either a room or an area see Fig 34 A room is thereby defined by all neighbouring cells with the same property as the cell with the agent element To define the area a rectangle can be created by enlarging the definition rectangle through pulling it after the button for moving nodes l has been chosen in the Tools window To do this the actual route has to be selected in the same window Fig 34 Two possibilities of agent distributions On the left four agents are assigned stochastically over all cells of the room On the right they are assigned on the marked area 4 4 3 2 Editing Agents D Agent elements can be edited by clicking on them You can edit the amount the assigned route and the group Several agent elements can be edited in one step by selecting them The following window for editing the agents Fig 35 opens 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 15 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor m kW Amount a free cells 50 54 Boute Pas MZ sd Group licrmerlyPax Fig 35 Window for editing agents if several agents are selected By selecting the appropriate check mark you can choose which attribute should be edited 4 4 4 Groups Dialog Groups Groups help to assign different characteristics to agents like a
18. E CO IT TTT Step 3 Passing the last Step 4 There are no further marked door the potential marked route cells Hence the reaches the cabins potential passes through the door cells not marked by a route Step 5 The potential spreads Step 6 The spread of the poten across all accessible cells tial is finished O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 8 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model Fig 11 shows another example for the spread of the potential The exit lies at the top right corner of the floor plan Without the use of route markings agents in the centre room would exit via the dotted line If the doors along the continuous line would be marked the potential would spread as shown so agents of the centre room would choose the door at the lower side of the room Fig 11 Spread of the potential in a simplified example from top left to lower right 3 3 2 Parameters Per route the following set of parameters can be used to influence the agents behaviour when reaching the goal cells Preparation During the preparation duration the goal cells of a route are blocked so agents stop on these cells and wait for the preparation duration to pass Per Agent This duration defines how long an agent will O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 9 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model individually wait on the goal cells before it is saved or switches to a followup route Max Capacity This value determines how many agents can be saved vi
19. T Worsch ed ACHI 2000 Springer London pp 63 71 Meyer K nig T 2000 Simulation von Evakuierungspro zessen auf Fahrgastschiffen Diploma Thesis Gerhard Mercator Universit t Duisburg International Maritime Organization MSC 1 Circ 1238 Guidelines for Evacuation Analyses for new and Existing Passenger Ships IMO Technical report International Mari time Organization Marine Safety Committee London MSC Circ 1033 Dirk Helbing Verkehrsdynamik Neue Physikalische Model lierungskonzepte Springer Verlag 1996 Ulrich Weidmann Transporttechnik der FuBganger Trans porttechnische Eigenschaften des FuBgangerverkehrs Lite raturauswertung Schriftenreine des IVT Nr 90 Januar 1992 International Maritime Organization FP46 WP 2 ANNEX 2 Seite 4 Recommendation on Evacuation Analysis for Passenger Ships and High Speed Passenger Craft Hubert Kl pfel A Cellular Automaton Model for Crowd Movement and Egress Simulation Dissertation Universitat Duisburg 2003 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 9 1 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Literature Ansgar Kirchner Modellierung und Statistische Physik Biologischer und Sozialer Systeme Dissertation K ln University 2002 MSC Circ 909 1999 Interim Guidelines for a simplified evacuation analysis on ro ro passengers ships IMO Tech nical report International Maritime Organization MSC Circ 909 replac
20. a the goal cells of a route If the parame ter Max Cycles is used the goal cells will be blocked for the duration of Amid Time If Max Cycles is not defined the following cycle will immediately start meaning that Max Capacity has no influence Open Duration Open Duration determines how long goal cells will be accessible before being blocked If Max Cycles is not defined the following cycle will immediately start meaning that Open Duration has no influence Amid Time If goal cells are blocked due to Max Capacity or Open Time Amid Time defines the duration until the goal cells are accessible again Max Cycles Max Cycles defines the number of cycles for which the above named parameters work If no value is defined the amount of cycles is endless Preparation Open Duration Amid Dur a_i cf Per Person ss mr Max Capacity Max Cycles Fig 12 Route parameters and their influence Agents will stop on the goal cells if the above named parameters take effect and agents will be saved If agents will move on to an 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 10 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model other route follow up they will move one cell per second in a ran dom direction 3 3 3 Alternative Routes For every route a list of alternative routes can be defined These alternative routes are chosen whenever the route of an agent leads into a blocked room due to a hazard The alternative route is cho sen acc
21. ar of the simulation window you can see if the don gle is plugged into your computer and is recognized Dongle ok and if the licence is valid Lic ok 5 1 2 Updating the Dongle To update the dongle you get a license file lic via email Plug the dongle into a free USB port of your computer Start the software and choose Settings gt Licence in the menu The licence window see Fig 51 opens Click the amp Button to select and open the licence file 5 2 Elements The program window consists of two main elemenis by which you can controle all functions The menu buttons at the upper end of the window and the three tab sheets Situation Density and Dir Index O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim El AENEASsim di TraffGo HT tempiDampfer v4 Dampfer pg2 Project Settings Simulation Help elule malele mean gt EM Persons total 542 Persons saved 0 Time Os Seed Situation Density Dir Index c 2009 by TraffGo HT GmbH API ok Dongle ok Lic ok E Fig 52 Screenshot of the simulation software 5 2 1 Menu The menu of the main window consists of the following buttons Load project Save project Refresh project Reload it after implementing chang es in the Editor Modify simulation seitings Modify demographic settings Modify exit settings Only AENEAS Add ship motion liz e je n soe Perform demo simulation O 2013 by TraffGo HT Gm
22. automatically assigned the characteristic steps to the correspond ing cells O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 21 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor ma hh Geometry Routes Persons DEDRRERERS Drawing Color HI Fig 42 After allocating the attributes to the colours the adequate symbols appear in the corresponding cells Choose a new colour Drawing Colour in the tools window and draw lines for the up and down cells After allocating the attributes to the colours with the use of the dialog window Colour Coding the adequate symbols appear Up Cells Down Cells v Since the staircase ends on the upper floor the cell information is restrained to the downward directing cells and the adjacent stair cell 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 22 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Fig 43 Modelling the stairway in the upper floor Since it just leads down a cell line of down cells and a following row of step cells is sufficient 4 6 3 Define Routes Routes have to be defined before they can be assigned in the floor plan Pressing the button E opens the corresponding dialog win dow Fig 44 In this case one route leads along the left stair case Left staircase and the other via the right Right staircase In order to demonstrate the possibilities another route leads along both stair cases to the upper floor Counter flow Arriving there the agents will choose the closest route to the exit
23. ayers their coordinates are shown 4 2 5 6 Cells gt Go to cell Fig 24 Dialog to focus on a chosen cell In most cases of the simulation giving error messages coordinates for the cell in question are given Enter these coordinates in this dialog and the focus will be set onto this cell O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 7 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 3 View Window Fig 25 The view window The View window can be used to position and to enlarge the view of the floor plan The buttons of the view window allow for the following functions E al Zoom in and out al Zoom in on the complete level EI Zoom in on the height of the level Move the view according to the direction of the HHE arrow ke Set the zoom to its last value 4 4 Tools Window The tools window is used to edit the floor plan It includes the tab sheeis Geometry Routes and Agents Depending on the selected tab the buttons change and different actions can be conducted 4 4 1 Tab sheet Geometry The tab sheet Geometry contains buttons to edit the geometry of the floor plan 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 8 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Tools Geometry Routes Agents RR a al AS 7 7 Drawing Color Fig 26 The tools window with the tab sheet Geometry selected The tab sheet Geometry offers the following functions Selecting elements If elements are selected the ac tions affect only these elements until th
24. bH 5 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Perform mean value simulation Perform single simulation Stop current simulation Show start window st spe m Set zoom 5 2 2 Tab Sheet Situation The tab sheet Situation shows the current situation Cells repre senting walls are displayed grey stairs and doors in various shades of blue Agents are visualized by moving dots changing their colour according to their walking speed The colour gradient varies from green maximum walking speed via orange to red no speed The cellular structure gets visible when you increase the zoom level Situation Density Dir Index E Fig 53 Screenshot of the tab sheet Situation It visualizes the ac tual situation The Situation tab offers the following buttons 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim FE Do do not update the visualization If it is not updated computational speeds are increased used for mean run 5 2 3 Tab Sheet Density The tab sheet Density visualizes significant congestions Significant congestions are defined in the appropriate guidelines 4 22 Because of the discrete grid the density for one cell can easily be calculated taking this cell and its surrounding eight cells into ac count see Fig 54 The result is a value with the entity agenis per square meter relevant area 1 2 x 1 2 m 1 44 m Fig 54 Example for the calculation of d
25. d sheet calculation programs will have problems Reminder Evaluation for this room only s emm s seed Statistic data of room mean 135 00 02 15 4721 Mean duration significant 158 00202438 4790 Significant duration min 106 00 01 46 4763 Minimum duration max 174 00202254 4731 Maximum duration time quantil agents seed s sign 4711 4712 4713 4714 Agent amount for each run and 45 100 100 100 100 100 95 quantil of all runs 46 100 99 99 99 99 47 100 96 98 98 97 2013 by Traff Go HT GmbH 7 6 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 1 6 Evaluation Examples With the use of a spread sheet software various diagrams can be created using the output file One example is the evacuation curve It shows how many people were saved depending on time Evacuation Curve 3500 3000 2500 2000 1500 saved persons 1000 mean 500 0 60 120 180 240 300 360 420 480 540 600 660 720 780 840 900 960 1020 1080 1140 1200 1260 time Is Fig 65 The evacuation curve can be created using the mean result file Persons Room 120 Room 1 min gom 1 max Room 1 sign Room 2 min Accm 2 max a0 Room sign Room 3 min Hoom 3 max Persons Room 3 sign PR QI 4 D K Wee d ee i D 120 180 EL time js Fig 66 Agent amounts in three rooms over time generated from log p
26. ec tion From a destination cell lowest value the potential spreads via the neighbour cells with rising value Here The agents move in a random order A simulation run from initialisation until all agents are saved Initial value of a row of random numbers In the system theory basically describing a form of system development where form ing designing and restricting influences come from the elements of the system themselves The duration which is longer then 95 of several determined durations Unit Agents per meter aisle width and second Part of an update Each agent is moved at max for one cell in a sub update TraffGo Data File In this file all drawing data rounded on cells is saved The time that elapses during one update step Here 1 second Path of an agent The mode and order in that agents are moved The update takes one second and consists of several sub update steps 8 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Literature 9 Literature You can find a broad bibliography on the homepage of TraffGo HT GmbH 1 2 3 4 gt 6 7 8 Tim Meyer K nig et al Assessment and Analysis of Evacuation Processes on Passenger Ships by Microscopic Simulation Pedestrian Evacuation Dynamics Springer Verlag 2001 pp 297 302 Kl pfel H Meyer K nig T Wahle J amp Schreckenberg M 2000 Microscopic Simulation of Evacuation Processes on Passenger Ships in S Bandini amp
27. ed by MSC Circ 1033 Dogliani M 2001 An Overview of Present and Under Development IMO s Requirements Concerning Evacuation from Ships in Pedestrian and Evacuation Dynamics pp 339 354 FSS Code 2000 International Code For Fire Safety Sys tems FSS Code IMO Technical report International Mari time Organization IMO Resolution MSC 98 73 MSC Circ 1001 2001 Interim Guidelines for a Simplified Evacuation Analysis Of High Speed Passenger Craft Tech nical report International Maritime Organisation MSC Circ 1033 2002 Interim Guidelines for Evacuation Analyses for New and Existing Passenger Ships IMO Tech nical report International Maritime Organization Marine Safe ty Committee London MSC Girc 1033 superseded by MSC 1 Circ 1238 MSC Circ 1166 2005 Guidelines for a Simplified Evacua tion Analysis for High Speed Passenger Craft Technical re port International Maritime Organisation IMO ed 2000 Safety of Life at Sea SOLAS Bath Press London Schadschneider A Klingsch W Kl pfel H Kretz T Rog sch C amp Seyfried A 2009 Evacuation Dynamics Empiri cal Results Modeling and Applications in Bob Meyers ed Encyclopedia of Complexity and System Science Springer pp accepted for publication 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 9 2 18 19 20 21 22 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Literature Klingsch W amp Schreckenberg M ed 2008
28. ed in this file Screenshots of the process in arbitrary inter vals seconds O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 15 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedView AENEASview 6 PedView AENEASview Like the Editor the Viewer is an independent program which visu alizes the evacuation process in a three dimensional environment The simulation generates 3D log files extension 3dl that contain all information that is necessary for the visualisation The Viewer is freeware you can share everything with your cus tomers so they can watch and analyse the simulation results from an arbitrary point of view For a documentation or a presentation you can save screenshois or series of screenshois 6 1 Handling The button menu is located at the lower part of the program window by which the Viewer can be handled like a video player The status bar informs you about the number of lights used Lights the actual evacuation time Time and the number of saved agents Saved ER AENEAS Viewer D itempiDampferiresultsyseed 4711 mi sl File Views Animation Settings Help L 3 T Time 0 00 min 5 aved D Fig 63 Program window of the Viewer O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 6 1 6 1 1 Menu User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedView AENEASview The menu provides the following functions File Load Logfile Single Screen Shot Screen Shot Se ries Views Deck Up Deck Down Zoom In Zoom Out Animation Run Pause Reset To Start Step For
29. edited Autofill stairs Marks cells as stair cells when surrounded by stair elements Calculate cells Calculates the cell information Clear Deletes the cell information O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 2 5 Dialogs of Menu Items 4 2 5 1 Project gt Color Coding D Color Coding Ignore Virtual Fig 19 The colour coding dialog for defining colour attributes Attributes like wall or door can be assigned to the colours used in the dxf file Hence the workflow is accelerated and automated Select a colour and push the button to assign an attribute The fol lowing attributes are available Wall Door Step Up Down Ignore and Virtual Repeatedly pressing the button cancels the assign ment By using the button Make default the defined colours can be fixed for upcoming plans O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 2 5 2 Floor 2 Import F Select unit used in the drawing file numeric dimensions 327 437x41 874 Units mm C inch C ft C cm dm m Discard DXF elements smaller than 0 2 m Discard discrete elements smaller than 0 2 m Fig 20 Dialog for importing dxf files When importing dxf files the dialog shown in Fig 20 occurs By selecting an entity the Editor can scale the dxf file onto the cellular grid Since some CAD programs tend to scale CAD drawings when exporting dxf files the numeric dimensions help you to find the cor
30. eed StartSeed EndSeed xIs 7 3 7 1 5 LogPointData Mean Run logpointname xls 7 6 7 1 6 Evaluation Exvamples eee 7 7 7 2 Single GAICUNE Eege genee euni eeh 7 8 7 2 1 Seed JGeed vie eres 7 9 7 2 2 LogPoints seed Seed xIS eee 7 11 O E E 8 1 O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS O Jerta Eege 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS Introduction 1 Introduction Thank your for choosing PedGo or AENEAS Our software consti tutes the current state of research and is based upon up to date findings of science Due to the consistent use of discrete algorithms PedGo AENEAS is one of the fastest simulation programs availa ble This in combination with the intuitively usable interface allows for a fast and efficient analysis and a quick comparison of different evacuation concepis We are working on providing you a robust fast and reliable soft ware and to support you in using it Due to persistent development and the implementation of scientific findings you can be assured that our software represents an up to date state The following manual illustrates how the floor plan is modelled simulations are conducted and results are evaluated The design of the bodywork enables you to learn about the Simulation and the Editor by working through it just like a textbook Even though the software is based on a sophisticated model you will soon find out
31. ensities in the cellular grid In this case the density is 3 5 P m In order to accentuate significant congestions congestions signifi cantly influencing the result the following steps are made Accord ing to the definitions 4 7 a significant congestion occurs when the agent density is 4 P m or higher during 10 of theevacuation duration After each time step the density for all cells is calculated If it is equal or higher than the threshold mentioned above the counter of the cell is increased by one After the simulation is completed it can be evaluated how many seconds the marginal value per cell was exceeded This value is visualized through a colour gradient from red to green O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 5 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Situation Density Dir Index O Fig 55 Screenshot of the tab sheet Density that shows the ex ceeding of the marginal density value The track bar and the buttons at the top of the tab sheet allow for a more detailed analysis of the simulation E g if the ten percent but ton is pressed the cells having a local density of 4 P m or more during 10 of the evacuation duration are displayed red These areas are called significant congestion 4 The track bar moves according to the pressed button The save button stores the dis played picture To achieve higher computational rates the density plot is not being updated during the mean calcu
32. erview Open All Users Fig 1 Right click on Start 3 The opening Explorer window shows you the structure of the start menu You can create directories and links which will then appear in the start menu Right click in the wished area and choose New 2Shortcut SEET Paste Startet New Shortcut Fig 2 Generating a short cut 4 Choose the exe file e g PedGo exe in the following window Fig 3 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 2 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Software Overview Create Shortcut Fig 3 Choose an exe file The new link can now be found in the start menu You can also move copy and rename it by right clicking on it 2 42 Windows 7 Under Windows 7 right click on the exe file in the file explorer and choose attach to start menu The icon will now appear in your start menu O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 2 5 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model 3 Model The basis of the simulation model is a so called multi agent model which is based on a cellular automaton 1 2 3 4 Thus agents are represented as individuals agents with independent attitudes abilities and goals in a discrete space and discrete time 3 1 Discretising The floor plan that is to be analyzed is fragmented into a grid of quadratic cells Fig 4 The length of the cell edges is 0 4 meters thus the total cell area is 0 16 m The agents occupy one cell and when they move they jump from cell to cell just like
33. ey are unse lected By clicking on an element it will be unselected Ed Unselect elements Delete element by clicking on it Undelete Move a node of an element If elements are selected only the nodes of the selected element are affected Move elements If elements are selected only select ed elements are moved Draw a new element in the chosen colour Break elements Recolor an element St Gales Block a room at a stochastically chosen duration 4 4 1 1 Adding a Hazard By Hazard a general hazard endangering the person is meant It can be caused by e g smoke fire and flooding If a hazard occurs it marks all cells of its room as blocked Room thereby means the O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 9 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor adjacent cells of the same type as the cell the hazard element is defined on Agents coming across blocked cells will search for an alternative route If none is available the agent will continue on the actual route and the time it spends in the blocked room is logged and saved in the results Caption Hazard min max mean stddev Blocks feo fo p pH el Fig 27 Hazard dialog for blocking room With the hazard dialog you can name the hazard and stochastically define the time at which it occurs You can choose between a nor mal and an equal distribution 4 4 2 Tab Sheet Routes The tab sheet Routes is used to insert and edit egress routes Geome
34. hen a simulation run has ended Prompt When an existing result file is overwritten you will be prompted 5 3 2 Agents In the Demographics dialog the demographic parameters for the defined population groups are adjusted Except for the parameter Clustering all parameters can be assigned equal or normal distributed The normal distribution is defined by a minimum maximum mean and the standard deviation value the equal distribution by the minimum and maximum value Additionally predefined parameters settings IMO 4 RIMEA 22 can also be assigned O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 8 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim CIC NENNEN Default MT File no file Fixed parameters Default RiMEA IMO 3 c del min max mean stddev vmar ors m 5 43 7 uM Patience s d vd ed ed XJ Sway 1 LN 43 2 a Reaction s o mio ef sii Qua Dawde 40 d i 15 45 yy Inertia 1 1 f si 42 Ww Clustering Us loose med _tight Fig 58 Screenshot of the demographics dialog The dialog offers the following buttons and functions Personengruppe Select agent group Assign the chosen parameter set to selected groups 3 H Save demographics Load demographics Default Reset to default parameters Parameters according to RIMEA 22 Ces el IMO parameters day night pax crew in Assign normal distribution HO Assign equal distribution 5 3 3 Exits f Interval a
35. ince the editor assigns the characteristics of the elements in ac cordance to their colours you can save time by using appropriate colours in the CAD file e g one colour for stairs another one for doors and so on 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 18 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor H 1st floor ground floor Fig 38 The correctly dyed office building In this case the colours mark the following characteristics black wall red wall dark green stair turquoise ignore yellow door light green escape routes To explain the function of the escape routes see 4 6 2 the routes run out of the room on the upper right through the bordering room instead of leading directly towards the corridor 4 6 1 Import Floors Decks To import a level the corresponding file has to be selected after pressing the F key Start importing from the lowest deck on since new levels are positioned on top of the actual level O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 19 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor In order for the agents to jump correctly between levels via step down cells the levels have to be positioned precisely on top of each other This can be achieved by positioning the origin of each CAD drawing at the exact same spot e PedEd i D x Project Floor Cells Help Diels lalaila fler Ziele 38 O 18487 te tools ae ia ee Zoe Persons 1 Ria al Al al i Route Nem Route Gr
36. ions They are defined by a maximum and minimum value and in case of a normal distribution by the mean and standard deviation In addition the simulation offers several fixed parameter settings 1 Parameter settings for the day and night case for passengers and crew according to the IMO guideline MSC 1 Circ 1238 4 2 Parameter settings of the standard population defined in the RiMEA guideline 22 3 4 2 Orientation The orientation of the agents is explained in the following example 8 9 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 13 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model Fig 15 The cells are marked by indices The agent is standing on the cell with the index O and is turned to the right The agent can choose between 8 cells in the next step The proba bility p for the choice of each cell is calculated as follows Pj Po 4 Da e Thereby being D Probability for the choice of the cell i P Potential value for the cell i Po Potential value for the cell i 0 S Parameter Sway S is the value for swaying Sway The greater this value the bigger the similarity of the eight probabilities Hence the agent orientates less by the decline of the potential but instead moves more ran domly After calculating the probabilities for the eight different directions the probability of the current direction is being multiplied by the value for inertia O Hence the current walking direction has a bigger influence and this is
37. lation 5 2 4 Tab Sheet Directional Index The directional index Dir index visualizes the course of the lines connecting cells with equal potential value through the blue green colour gradient of a chosen route It can be selected from the menu on top of the tab sheet Walls are displayed grey and cells not rec orded or cells having a value of zero are displayed white O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 6 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Situation Density Dir Index CH 2001 by Traff o GmbH Keyl ok Keyz ak directional index at 124 35 21 62 ot Fig 56 Screenshot of the tab sheet Directional Index that shows the information of the direction By clicking on the cells of the floor plan the potential value of the cell is shown in the status bar at the bottom of the window 5 3 Configurations 5 3 1 Program i In the dialog window Settings you can select which levels should be displayed However the result files animations and screen shots only show the floors selected O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 7 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Setting _____ Abort s Ok Show Deck Temporary file CATE MP E Use PC speaker Prompt when overwriting result Files Fig 57 Screenshot of the dialog window Settings Additionally the following settings are available Temporary file Directory used to save temporary files PC speaker Your PC will make a sound w
38. le the amount of agenis per time densities and flows are listed for the defined log poinis It is structured as follows Result file PedGo log points file project file C Users Tim temp debug logpoint logpoint pg2 O iL customer TraffGo HT program version 2 5 1 15 defined points Number X y 0 15 1 48 2 80 D Q Zei 5 2 S S lt 5 8 Lu D Oo E 5 Z 24 25 25 Following the log point data is listed o Room 1 Time Agents s 1 9 45 100 tc 46 100 47 98 48 97 49 96 c o c 9 e m Ld O bel e o D Gd pr O bei LU o C Fr 3 E lt 201 by TraffGo HT GmbH aem L Agenis entering room oo 00 CH out Za HH k CO CH Agents leaving First room name Room 1 Room 2 Room 3 Name of log point density flow P m 26 26 gt 29 25 25 CO CH CH CH CH room Agent density in size m Type 3 9E2 Floor 4 00E 02 Door 3 4E2 Floor N E E O O o DO N dp Room 2 Agents P ms 71 O O 0 21 0 0 23 2 0 24 3 0 24 4 E O O Bn E z O c ab O lt Second room Cell type Results Explanation Name of licensee Name of project file Program version Overview of log points see below User Manual PedGo AENEAS 8 Glossary Agent Cell Cellular automaton Day case Demographics Discrete space Discrete time Discretising Fundamental diagram IMO Initialize Model Multi agent
39. ll have to name it However you can always rename routes by clicking on the corresponding table The Route table contains the following columns Caption Name of the route Stay Probability to stay on its route when an agent comes across a blocked room Save Probability to be saved when reaching goal cells Agents Amount of agents currently assigned to this route Elements Amount of route elements goals and route lines A Amount of assigned alternative routes F Amount of assigned followup routes The two tables on the right side contain the followup and alternative routes assigned to the route currently selected on the left table For each route the probability to choose it is defined by the user Followups k ir Probability 1 Shortest BO Pas MZ Fig 30 Example for the definition of followup routes 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 12 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Fig 30 shows the example for the use of followup routes In this case agenis reaching the goal cells of the given route will choose the route Pax MVZ1 with 60 probability while they will choose the route closest by with 40 probability Alternatives fir Followups D f r Probabilty Route 30 Route 3 20 Route 4 Fig 31 Example corresponding to Fig 14 Fig 31 shows how the example shown in Fig 14 would be mod elled All routes used must be defined in the left table Since agents will not be saved when reaching the
40. model O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH Glossary Here A simulated person The grid area after discretising is called cell Models used in discrete space to simulate dynamic systems The development of a cell at the moment t 1 depends on the state of this cell and its neighbouring cells at the time t Demographic parameter distribution for the day case according to IMO MSC Circ 1238 Here The parameters describing the abili ties of a group of agents Space divided in finite sections Time divided in finite sections The extraction of a finite amount of data from an infinite quantity of data Diagram that shows the connection be tween agent density and agent flow The flow rises to a maximum As soon as a specific density of agents is reached the flow drops International Maritime www imo org Organization Adjust the parameters to an initial situation Simplified abstract copy of the reality for scientific analyses A system consisting of several similar or different specialized acting agents that 8 1 Night case Potential Random Shuffle Run Seed Self organisation Significant Duration Specific flow Sub update Tdf file Time step Trajectory Update 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS Glossary solve a problem collectively Agent and parameter distribution for the night case according to IMO MSC 1 Circ 1238 Here Value of a cell to calculate the dir
41. mount of rescued agents is updated The number of runs carried out is shown in the status bar The following files can be generated see chpt 7 1 1 The results of all realizations are saved in an ASCII text file in the chosen directory The file is formatted with tabs and since it has the extension xls Microsoft Excel Excel automatically Excel is an official trademark of the Microsoft Corp 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 13 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim starts and opens the file when you double click on it in the file explorer Of course you can also use other spread sheet pro grams 2 For documentation of the used demographic and route param eters twi text files are generated 3 bitmap file showing the statistical distribution of durations 4 If defined data of log points can be saved for all runs Due to the amount of data one file per room will be generated 5 4 4 Single Calculation H After determining the distribution of evacuation durations by the mean simulation further single calculations can be conducted to analyze the appropriate run in more detail The output file of the mean calculation provides a list of Seeds see chapter 7 1 Thus calculations can be repeated that e g represent the mean or the maximum evacuation duration Single run seting NN Seed Save results toggle all Agent data Ch resullssseeda 4 711 sl Animation Mesulteiseed 4711 avi amp Si De
42. nations Route Right stair case is selected 4 6 4 Add agents Agents are distributed per room as explained in chapter 4 4 3 1 As an example five agents per room are distributed Depending on their initial position they are assigned one of the available routes Fig 48 Five agenis distributed in the room belonging to group De fault and following route Stair case left 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 26 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 6 5 Saving the project When saving the project the editor creates the following directory structure in the project directory here Projectname Projektname dxf StockO dxf Stock1 dxf tdf StockO tdf Stock tdf Projektname pg2 Fig 49 The directory and file structure of simulation projects All paths of the project are saved relative to each other so you can copy the complete directory without causing problems Simplified dxf files are saved in the directory dxf while the data of the round ed elements as well as all newly drawn elements route and agent data are saved in the directory tdf The project file Project name pg2 which provides all the data necessary for the simula tion is situated in the project directory It can be opened by PedGo or AENEASsim 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 27 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim 5 PedGo AENEASsim The simulation is the core of the software package It runs the simu lation and allows for
43. nd blocking times can be assigned to the destination cells of each route to simulate different situations O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 9 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Crew x Abort Black Times Routing min max mean slddev Preparation s g 4 gd gd E X Fer Peson s 1 gd 4 4 d x Max Capacity E T T h El Open Time s g 4 4 4 X AmidTmes 7 d 4 4 x May Cycles T T T T X Preparation Amid Time Per Person Max Capacity Max Cycles Fig 59 Screenshot of the dialog window for blocking times The dialog window Route Data has the following buttons Crew Select route Assign the chosen parameter set to selected routes ee Assign normal distribution Assign equal distribution poe Open help window 5 34 Ship motion only AENEAS ei With the software AENEAS you can move the floor plan according to a file or to predefined parameters periodic movement in order to simulate the rolling and pitching of a ship As long as the window is O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 10 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim shown the motion will be carried out If the window is closed the floor plan does not move auto generated X eta x E z o n 520 00 n 4 0 00 SET LE Fig 60 Screenshot of the window ship motion The dialog window Ship Motion has the following buttons EI Open a ROLLS file roll and pitch angle as a function of
44. ndom shuffle update At time 0 both agents are standing in a row in a corridor with the width of one cell At time 1 the black agent moves over two cells being its maximum speed while the white one has to wait due to the blocked cells At time 3 the cells formerly blocked by the black agent are released so both agents can walk O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 16 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model Fig 17 Example for the update The sub update of an agent is shown in the following flow chart O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 17 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model destination SS reached route E final route choose final route choose direction next cell free adapt speed stop for this update Fig 18 The movement algorithm of one agent in one sub update O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 18 User Manual PedGo AENEAS 4 Editor The Editor is an independent program which can import CAD drawings in dxf format and convert them automati cally into the simulations grid Floor plans can be edited by hand for example by moving or drawing lines The Editor is not limited by your licence agreement so you can use iton a s many computers as needed The editor consists of three main elements which control each of its functions the two control windows View und Tools which can be placed arbitrarily and the menu on the top of the editor window Each level is imported individually and appears on its own
45. not saved The density plot Fig 55 is being up dated and can be saved on demand 5 4 3 Mean E The mean calculation delivers the results of a stochastic analysis Beginning at the given start seed the amount of wished calculations is being conducted Before each simulation run the seed is in creased by one agents are newly distributed and parameters as signed Hence each run simulates a different population within pre determined boundaries O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 12 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim Starting seed ril Abort Humber af simulatione 500 Save results inc CALI sersATimitemp TH2 results ler W Duration distribution diagram iw Log point files Hibernate after simulation is finished Fig 61 Dialog window for the choice of parameters for a mean cal culation The dialog offers the following settings Seed Start seed which is increased by one before ini tializing every run Number Amount of simulation runs Save Directory in which results are saved Duration Saving duration distribution diagram Log point Saving file with log point results Hibernate Set computer in hibernation mode after simula tions are finished To increase computational rate the density plot is not updated when performing a mean calculation To further increase the rate of computation you can switch off the update button l As a result that the present evacuation time and the a
46. nsity plot Cit results Density seed 4711 bmp amp 3D log file A Mesultzizeed 4711 3d amp 0 gt END Log pointa CL results LogPoints seed 4711 d T Screen shots Ch Sdebug Steckenbleiber THA resulta Ge Interval 60 Fig 62 Screenshot of the dialog window to define the seeds and output data of a single simulation run The seed can be defined in the corresponding field while you can choose which result files should be saved O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 14 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim The following output data see chpt 7 2 can be generated Agent Data Animation Density Plot 3D Log File Logpoints Screenshots Individual agent data e g start and destination coordinates individual walking duration etc An animation file of the evacuation process for the shown levels Through the settings button Si you can choose the frame rate as well as displaying the current time within the anima tion An image file showing the significant conges tions according to chpt 5 2 3 The trajectories of all agents in the specific format 3dl which the viewer opens to visualize the evacuation process in a three dimensional environment You can limit time interval of the output since big floor plans with many agents and long durations can lead to very big files If you have defined a log point as described in chapter 4 4 3 the number of agents per time for the defined rooms are sav
47. o AENEAS The second part contains the data of each agent sorted in lines The last column with the demographic parameters of each agent is missing in the following table start coord Agent group sx mean v 455 O 36 253 0 111 T95 0 9 8 1 108 iL 296 O 23 S g O o D fo E 5 Z c 2 E c s Q x LLI O 201 by TraffGo HT GmbH Sy 69 54 31 59 39 Start coordinates SZ C CO N N N dest ax Bo 115 115 ELS 56 coord dy Du 4 4 40 35 Destination coordinates dz PP RP PR goal BG O H H HH Addressed destinations time s 450 442 448 450 454 454 n Individual walking duratio dist Cells 70 44 83 75 95 53 Distance walked in cells multiple of Vmax 0 PN e O OH 0 25 OTA PS PE O O1 Frequency at which the multiple o o o os of the maximum walking speed was used 1 0 18 14 20 22 LJ 17 risk timer Duration the agent spent in a room blocked by a hazard density log s lt 1 0 P m O oO Cc C oo 20 65 3 6 26 28 31 lt 2 P m2 18 27 26 21 12 18 lt 3 P m 3 20 21 19 11 L3 4 P m Duration each agent spent in the given densities 5 2 vw lt 5 P m2 N FPF 1 o CH lt 6 P m O oO Cc o oo gt 6 P m Oo O O O O O Results 7 10 User Manual PedGo AENEAS 7 2 2 LogPoints seed Seed xIs In the log point fi
48. oint data O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 1 17 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 2 Single Calculation Most result files of the single run do not need any further explana tion animation screenshots or have already been described den sity plot 3D log file Hence only the ASCII files of the options Agent Data and Log points are described in detail Like the mean calculation the single run automatically creates the files de mographics xls and routedata xls for documentation O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 7 8 User Manual PedGo AENEAS 7 2 1 seed Seed xls The result file of a single run summarises the agent data and is divided in the two parts that are described below File PedGo result file single run customer TraffGo HT Project file c demo demo pg2 Program version 2 5 0 6 simulation time start 12 21 56 end 12 42 49 Seed duration s Duration h min s agents Group Data Number Name O Pax 1 Crew Route Data see routedata xls for details Number Name O Crew 1 Pax 201 by Traff Go HT GmbH 4727 1062 File Name no file no file Results Explanation Name of licensee Name of the project file Program version number System time at the start and end of the simulation Seed of the calculation Duration of run in seconds Duration of run in hours minutes seconds Amount of agents Group numbers and names Route numbers and names 1 9 User Manual PedG
49. ording to the probabilities defined by the user Fig 13 Schematic example for the use of alternative routes Fig 13 shows a schematic example for the use of alternative routes Primarily the agents would follow Route 1 from the left to the right room Route 2 and Route 3 are defined as alternative routes to Route 1 If the center room is blocked due to a hazard hachures agents trying to enter it will choose Route 2 or Route 3 each with a probability of 50 and follow these alternatives to the right room If no alternative routes are defined agents will continue to use Route 1 through the blocked room 3 3 4 Followup Routes When an agent reaches the goal cells of its route the following options exist depending on the route settings With a certain prob 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 11 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model ability the agent will be saved and taken out of the simulation or it chooses a following route according to given probabilities Route 3 30 Route 2 50 Route 1 Route 4 20 Fig 14 Schematic example for the use of followup routes Fig 14 shows a schematic example for the use of followup routes An agent following Route 1 and reaching its goal cells will choose Route 2 3 or 4 as next route to follow according to the given prob abilities It will then follow this route to the final goal on the right 3 4 Agents The simulated persons agents can enter all cells except for wall
50. oups Drawing coords x 9 3m y 9 1m Cell coords 23 0 0 Fig 39 View of the first imported floor Since the button dxf is not pressed only rounded elements are shown Projection errors may occur After all levels have been imported the original dxf elements can be viewed by pressing the button The button displays the same elemenis but they are rounded onto the cells This may lead to rounding errors e g a wall might be shifted This can be repaired with the use of the l button of the Editor After the colours of the elements have been defined through the use of the dialog Colour Coding the Editor assigns the correspond ing attributes to the cells and they appear coloured O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 20 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor BER Project Floor Cells Help Dies eal or ila lr frio 3 013437 0 Llata lt Geometry Routes Persons RB e ATA ol des Drawing Color RIETE Drawing coords x 19 2m y 8 7m Cel coords 47 0 0 A Fig 40 The calculated cells after the colours have been defined with Colour Coding Turquoise and light green elements have been filtered out Rounding errors were removed 4 6 2 Stairs and Jump Points Tools Geometry Routes Persons BECAME E Drawing Color E TR Fig 41 Bottom and top of the stair are marked with new colours Due to the dark green lines denoting steps in the dxf file the editor
51. over them 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model 3 2 1 Free Cells The simplest types are free cells They can be entered by an agent without influencing the agents movement In the following illustra tions they are represented by white cells 3 2 2 Wall Cells To consider walls furniture or other objects influencing the move ment of agents physically wall cells are introduced These are cells which are blocked thus they cannot be entered by agents In the following illustrations they are represented by black cells lt y Fig 6 Cell type Wall On the left in continuous space on the right its equivalent in the simulation Model black cells 3 2 3 Goal Cells Each agent entering a goal cell of the route it follows is either marked as saved and removed or lead on to another route de pending on the route type In the following illustrations the goal cells are labelled G 2Goal O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model lt y Fig 7 Cell type exit On the left in continuous space on the right the equivalent of the simulation model G Goal 3 2 4 Door Cells Doors decrease the flow of agents by reducing the agents walking speed to 1 4 of its maximum walking speed when it passes In the following illustrations door cells are labelled D Door Fig 8 Cell type door On the left in the continuous space on the right its equivalen
52. pas senger and a crew group which will react in different speeds BEE NE formerly Crew Add Delete Delete Persons Fig 36 The dialog for defining groups and their attributes By pressing the groups button in the tab sheet Agents a new win dow is opened Fig 36 in which you can define groups or edit groups that are already defined The demographic parameters of a group are defined in the simulation O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 16 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 5 Hotkeys The following functions help to improve handling right mouse button Zoom into the rectangle created by moving the mouse alt right mouse button Pan the plan by moving the mouse ctrl left mouse button Select all elements within the rectan gle created by moving the mouse shift left mouse button Elements can be selected or unse lected by clicking on them del Delete selected elements turn mouse wheel Zoom in out Press mouse wheel Pan the plan by moving the mouse 4 6 Generating the project The handling of the editor can best be learned by practical appli ance In the following example modelling and defining a project is explained by a virtual office building 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 17 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 1st floor Fig 37 The virtual office building used as a simplified example Fur niture is displayed in red escape routes in green S
53. rect entity When importing dxf files elements smaller in size then a given threshold can be filtered Filtered dxf elements are deleted and will not show up when the dxf file is shown in the background When filtering discrete elements they will remain in the dxf file but they will not be imported so no cells are influenced O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 5 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 2 5 3 Floor Deck gt Rename Enter new name for floor DECK1 Level il Abbrechen Fig 21 Dialog for renaming a level Imported levels can be renamed by this function Floor names must be unique 4 2 5 4 Floor Deck 2Duplicate Name for Duplicate of Floor 2 Coord fi I Copyroutes M Copy agents M Copy hazards Fig 22 Dialog for copying levels Levels can be duplicated by this function after a new name and z coordinate have been entered Furthermore the user can choose which elements of a level he wants to duplicate 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 6 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor 4 2 5 5 Floor Deck gt New Floor Name Floor 1 x y Min Coords 4 141 Max Coords 1 EL 40 Coord 1 E Fig 23 Dialog for adding a new layer New layers without content can be added through the function Floor New Floor You can give the new layer an individual name and define it s dimensions Minimum and maximum coordinates are thereby oriented according to the coordinate origin If the project has other l
54. t in the simulation model D Door 3 2 5 Virtual Doors Virtual door cells have the same influence as normal door cells without influencing the walking speeds of passing agenis They are O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model used to model virtual rooms for e g agent distributions or to influ ence the spread of the potential 3 2 6 Stairs and Jump Points To take stairways into account step cells are introduced They in fluence the flow by approximately halving the velocity of agents If a stairway connects different floors jump cells are introduced to make agents switch between levels Stairs are always projected on the lower level of the two levels they connect but agents can move in both directions when passing them In the following illustrations the steps of a stair are labelled S step and cells defining the direction are labelled UP and DN down The sides of the steps have to be restricted by wall cells Fig 9 Cell type stair and information about the direction On the left in continuous space on the right its equivalent in the simulation model S step UP DN down The length of the stair depends on its projected length O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 3 5 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Model Fig 10 The UP und DN Cells at the beginning of each stairway de fine the direction resulting in the paths displayed Due to the cells UP and DN an agent knows whether it is
55. tables diagrams and a log file with the file extension 3dl 2 3 Viewer The tables and diagrams help to analyse and interpret the results The log file file extension 3d can be read by the viewer which visualizes the evacuation process in a three dimensional environ ment The viewer is free of charge thus it can be copied and passed on your clients to enable them to look at the results them selves 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 2 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Software Overview AENEAS Viewer d Casel results seed 4711 3dl d m nj x File Views Animation Settings Help eee els Lights 3 Time 0 53mn Saved 11 The viewer loads the log file file extension 3d and e visualizes the process three dimensionally and e creates screenshots lt can be copied and distributed free of charge 2 4 Linking PedGo to the Start Menu Our software programs are compiled as so called stand alone ver sions This means that all libraries are compiled into the execution files so they can be run without any installation In order to use PedGo within your Windows environment it is helpful to link the exe files to your start menu 2 4 1 Windows XP By following the following steps you can create a link in your start menu 1 Right click on the Windows Start button 2 Choose Open All Users Fig 1 Windows is a registered trade mark of the Microsoft Corp O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 2 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Software Ov
56. tart a series of screen shots Jump up one floor Jump down one floor Zoom in Zoom out Rewind to the beginning vu gt Om Ex Play Pause O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 6 3 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedView AENEASview 3 One second forward 4 One second backward L Add a light over the centre of your view Shift L Remove the light closest to the centre of your view O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 6 4 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 Results 7 1 Mean calculations The mean calculation saves the four following files in the chosen directory 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 7 1 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 1 1 demographics xIs The demographics file demographics xls documents the demographics parameters of each group of agents It is structured as follows File Explanation PedGo demographics log file customer TraffGo HT Name of the licensee project file d Example Example pg2 Name of the project file program version 2 5 0 6 Program version number Group Os FALL Name of the first group Demographics saved in Path of the file if existent min max mean stddev distribution VMax 2 5 3 1 normal Velocity Patience Not distributed Patience Sway 1 5 3 2 normal Sway Reaction 0 10 5 2 normal Reaction time Dawdle 0 30 i5 5 normal Dawdle Tnertia d 5 3 2 normal Inertia Clustering none Clustering Group 1 Crew Next group if existent 7 1 2 routedata xls The ro
57. time Bal Define parameters for periodical ship motion d 0 7 o Simplified coordinates of the centre of gravity x cells z floors 5 4 Simulation Run The software offers three simulation modes which simplify the real ization of an evacuation analysis significantly Quick demo run to check for modelling errors Mean run for many calculations for statistical analysis Hl Single run to evaluate detailed data 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 5 11 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedGo AENEASsim 5 4 1 The Seed The seed is the central value for stochastic analyses performed by a computer It is the value with which the random generator is ini tialized Since computer programs cannot calculate real random numbers specific algorithms are used and a starting value must be assigned to the random generator This allows for a specific repro duction of sochastic evenis The same seed will always provide the same results independent of all other settings Before each run the random generator algorithm is initialized with the seed value After a mean calculation the software saves a list of evacuation times and the corresponding seeds By defining a seed you can repeat runs in the single calculation run This means that each run is reproducible 5 4 2 Quick Demo The quick demo is used to control the modelling of the floor plan The seed is being determined by the system time thus each run provides different results The results are
58. try DE nene nn Route Defaut Fig 28 The tool window with the selected tab sheet Routes The following menu items different to the tab Geometry are offered 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 10 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor Em Define goal cells for the selected route ES Mark doors and jump points for the selected route il Show information of chosen routes Route Crew hChoose or define new routes E Open route dialog In the route list one entry called shortest is available When cho sen agents assigned to this route will chose the route with the smallest potential value 4 4 2 1 Route Dialog ER The route dialog is used to administer the route data create delete and to define alternative and followup routes ko fr Alternatives fi 100 0 2 12 0 1 100 0 2 13 0 1 100 100 280 20 0 0 100 100 258 20 0 0 Followups Probabiliy Route Fig 29 Route dialog to administer your routes O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 4 11 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Editor The table on the left of the dialog window lists all routes defined by the user and the two tables on the right show the alternative and followup routes of the selected route The available buttons have the following functions D Define a new route or add alternative followup routes bi Delete a route alternative followup route agents or ele ments of the selected route Route After adding a new route you wi
59. ute file routedata xls documents the route settings of all groups It is structured as follows File Explanation PedGo route data file customer TraffGo HT Name of the licensee project file d Example Example pg2 Name of the project file program version 2 5 0 6 Program version number Route 0 Pax Name of the first route min max mean stddev dist Preparation not distributed Preparation Per Agent not distributed Blocking duration per agent Max Capa not distributed Maximum capacity Open Time not distributed Open duration Amid Time not distributed Amid duration Max Cycles not distributed Maximum number of cycles Route 1 Crew Next route if existent O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH 7 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Results 7 1 3 durdist seed StartSeed EndSeed bmp The frequency distribution shows the distribution of evacuation du rations In most cases the distribution is similar to a normal distribu tion but you need a certain amount of runs for a smooth distribu tion The bitmap file is generated automatically and is saved in the cho sen directory Fig 64 shows an example of a frequency distribution The green bar marks the significant duration larger then 95 of the determined durations and on the duration axis every multiple of 60 s is marked red frequency D MN Q 4 O1 O 0 D Li 1 by TraffGo HT 240 255 270 285 300 315 330 345 360 duration s Fig 64 Example of an
60. ward Step Backward Settings Show Origin Add Light Remove Light Options Statistics O 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH Opens the dialog to load a 3dl file Saves the actual view according to the settings Settings gt Options Saves the actual view automatically whenever it is updated Shows the next floor above Shows the next floor below Zooms in Zooms out Starts and stops the animation Resets the animation to the start Sets the animation one second forward Sets the animation one second backward Shows the centre of your view by a coordinate cross Inserts one of eight possible lights above the position of your view center Removes the light that is closest to your view center Change Viewer options e g screen shot set tings Statistics of the project 6 2 User Manual PedGo AENEAS PedView AENEASview 6 1 2 The buttons The Viewer has the following buttons amp Load project Show project statistics IDEK2 ei Choose floor Go back to start Play Pause One second backward One second forward Single screen shot je Ip EE E Screen shot series 6 1 3 Hotkeys To improve the Viewers handling the following functions are con nected to hotkeys left mouse button Rotate the view by moving the mouse scroll wheel Zoom in and out by rotating the wheel right mouse button Strafe the view by moving the mouse Ctrl L Load a 3dl file Y Single screen shot S
61. www traffgo ht com PedEd AENEASed PedGo AENEASsim PedView AENEASview User Manual Version 2 6 1 TraffGo HT GmbH w traff Qo It BismarckstraBe 142 47057 Duisburg oo Germany by TraffGo HT GmbH 2013 User Manual PedGo AENEAS Introduction PedGo and AENEAS PedGo and AENEAS are software packages developed by TraffGo HT GmbH for evacuation analyses Both are based on the same model but differin details of functionality PedGo is the basic version for everything and was developed for evacuation analyses on land AENEAS offers extra functions for maritime applications It is distributed in cooperation with Germanischer Lloyd AG and offers a ship motion module As both programs are quite similar this manual covers the func tionalities of PedGo as well as of AENEAS Terms like e g editor or simulation refer to the following groups of programs Name PedGo AENEAS Editor PedEd AENEASed Simulation PedGo AENEASsim Viewer PedView AENEASview 2013 by TraffGo HT GmbH User Manual PedGo AENEAS Content 1 Te td Te D Tei de WEE 1 1 2 Software EHNEN 2 1 20W e re LEE 2 1 22 CNET TT UT 2 1 23 IU GN 2 2 2 4 Linking PedGo to the Start Menu 2 3 2 4 1 MVIDOOWS A EE 2 3 2 4 2 WINGOWS Zain NUT 2 5 3 Model eege 3 1 3 1 DETS ANG 3 1 3 2 CAT NS 3 2 3 2 1 Free CS va 3 3 3 2 2 WU 3 3 328 Eier Re 3 3 3 2 4 Door GES RT 3 4 325 Virtual elle i o 3 4 3 2 6 stairs and Jump

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