Home

User`s manual ThermoVision™ SDK

1. ssssss 35 7 4 11 1 Live image scenario all camera types 35 7 4 11 2 Live image scenario absolute temperature image acquisition ias 35 7 4 11 3 Snapshot scenario long time intervals between image ACQUISITIONS 2 55 ettet ep ERR een e he Rede re esta i ea inde 35 7 4 11 4 Distributed snapshot scenario A series Ethernet cameras 36 7 4 12 Using the camera control with recorded images 36 7 4 43 Pushing images into the camera control 96 7 4 14 Talking directly to the camera ie COL 7 4 15 Using emissivity correction maps sessssee nnn 37 7 4 16 Back calculation of emissivity factor sss 37 7 4 17 Translating signal value to temperature ou cece eee ee scence ee 37 uou 38 7 4 19 Public image format 38 7 5 Graphical user interface sssssss 38 7 5 1 ThermoVision A series Camera Control 38 7 5 2 ThermaCAM S series Camera Control sse 40 7 5 8 Indigo standard Ethernet interface sss 42 7 5 4 Indigo Merlin Camera Control sse 43 7 5 5 Indigo Omega Camera Control sss 44 7 5 6 Indigo Phoenix Camera Control es 46 7 6 Redistribution is csi eere entes es 47 7 6 1 Camera Control Runtime Component 47 7 6 2 Bonjour Core Services 1 0 4 sse tet
2. O ThermoVision A320 1 l Cat 6 TPE Cable 1 910 585 Power Supply 3 Cat 6 TPE Cable PCI or LOM Figure 5 4 ThermoVision A320G system parts Necessary parts Intel PRO 1000 compatible Network Interface Card NIC in the PC An iPort PT1000 IDG frame grabber with firmware version 3 8 or later p n 316 0015 01 A standard CAT6 STP Ethernet cable up to 100 meters without intervening hard ware Cable to connect Merlin with the iPort frame grabber p n 308 0038 00 or a cable to connect Omega with the iPort frame grabber P N 308 0037 00 A desktop computer with a fast UDMA or SATA disk for high speed image storage 5 2 Software limitations The Gigabit Ethernet configuration works on Windows 2000 Windows XP and Windows Vista 32 bit operating systems Full burst rate recording of the cameras is only possible when the target disk is formatted with a NT File System NTFS Pleora and eBus drivers are only supported on Windows XP and Windows Vista operating systems 5 3 PC recommendations Minimum requirements are A Pentium 4 computer with a clock rate of 1 4 GHz or more At least 512 MB RAM Gigabit Ethernet network adapter either PCI card or LAN on the motherboard Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 17 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration To achieve burst recording it should have an 720
3. A40 V FireWire None A320 Standard Ethernet A320G Gigabit Ethernet 38 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide When more than one camera is detected this dialog box is displayed Select Device IRCAMB238 172 16 17 56 IRCAMB222 172 16 17 29 E Cancel Figure 7 1 Select device dialog box The Ethernet cameras will not be detected unless they have been assigned an IP number like 172 16 17 56 above This can be done automatically by a DHCP server or manually by a utility program which is distributed with the camera The control panel below is used for the ThermoVision A series cameras 10431203 a1 ThermaCAM Firewire A Man Cam Dev esl Measurement Range 20 250 C NOF z Noise Reduction On Iv futo shutter Int Image Corr Auto shutter Oo Figure 7 2 ThermoVision A series FireWire dialog box If some button is disabled on your camera control it is because your particular camera does not support that function The selected Measurement Range should cover the expected measurement temper atures The range limits are blackbody temperatures so if your measurement target has a shiny surface with a low emissivity you will be able to make measurements above the range limits If you click the Int Image Correction button on the Camera Control panel the camera will respond by making a rather heavy clicking sound when
4. Windows 2000 XP Vista 32 bit A functional Gigabit Network Interface Card NIC Please note that configurations with more than one Gigabit network interface and optimum driver have not been tested An iPort PT1000 IDG frame grabber box with firmware version 3 8 or later unless it is built into the camera A successful installation of the optimum eBus device driver A Pentium 4 computer with a clock rate of 1 4 GHz or faster At least 512 MB RAM Select Ethernet as Type of connection in the Select Camera dialog NetBIOS enabled on the TCP IP connection to the camera Reliable cables and electrical connections Gigabit Network adapters require shielded CAT6 cables A camera equipped and configured for digital output Proper settings if you have a firewall in your computer Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 19 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 20 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration 6 1 System parts Standard Ethernet interface configuration This configuration is used for the following camera models Merlin uncooled microbolometer Merlin NIR InGaAs Merlin QWIP Merlin MID InSb Omega UL3 uncooled microbolometer Phoenix camera with RTIE backend electronics ThermoVision A320 10574003 a1 Digital video Parallel 308 0038 00 Indigo camera Serial 308 0037 00
5. Emissivity tables Aluminum roughened 27 3 um 0 28 Aluminum roughened 27 1Oum 0 18 Aluminum rough surface 20 50 T 0 06 0 07 Aluminum sheet 4 samples 70 LW 0 03 0 06 differently scratched Aluminum sheet 4 samples 70 SW 0 05 0 08 differently scratched Aluminum vacuum deposited 20 T 0 04 Aluminum weathered heavily 17 SW 0 83 0 94 Aluminum bronze 20 T 0 60 Aluminum hydrox powder T 0 28 ide Aluminum oxide activated powder T 0 46 Aluminum oxide pure powder alu 3H 0 16 mina Asbestos board 20 T 0 96 Asbestos fabric T 0 78 Asbestos floor tile 35 SW 0 94 Asbestos paper 40 400 T 0 93 0 95 Asbestos powder T 0 40 0 60 Asbestos slate 20 T 0 96 Asphalt paving 4 LLW 0 967 Brass dull tarnished 20 350 T 0 22 Brass oxidized 70 SW 0 04 0 09 Brass oxidized 70 LW 0 03 0 07 Brass oxidized 100 T 0 61 Brass oxidized at 600 C 200 600 T 0 59 0 61 Brass polished 200 T 0 03 Brass polished highly 100 T 0 03 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 107 15 Emissivity tables Brass rubbed with 80 20 T 0 20 2 grit emery Brass sheet rolled 20 1 0 06 1 Brass sheet worked with 20 T 0 2 1 emery Brick alumina 17 Sw 0 68 5 Brick common 17 Sw 0 86 0 81 5 Brick Dinas silica 1100 T 0 85 1 glazed rough Brick Dinas silica refrac 1000 T 0 66 1 tory Brick Dinas silica 1000 T 0 80 1 unglazed rough
6. 35 R W Double Recording store value Image interval if store condition 2 Time interval in seconds if store condition 3 36 R W Double Recording stop value Time interval in seconds if stop condition 1 Number of images to record if stop condition 2 Delay in seconds if stop condition 3 37 R W BSTR Recording file base name Max 10 characters allowed 38 R W Short Presentation mode 0 Getlmage disabled during active recording 1 Enabled 39 R W BSTR Recording directory path E g C Im ages 40 R Array BSTR List of recorded files Use DoCameraAc tion method to clear this list Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 57 8 Reference section Description 41 R W Short Noise reduction ThermaCAM SC2000 0 2 Off 3 5 Normal gt 5 High ThermoVision A series 0 2 Off gt 3 On ThermaCAM S series 0 2 None 3 5 Low gt 5 High ThermoVision A320 A320G Not sup ported 42 R W Float Zoom factor Range 1 00 8 00 43 R W Double Frame rate or image speed in Hertz 44 R W Short Deprecated 45 R BSTR Calibration title 46 R Array BSTR List of measurement ranges in Kelvin Use this property to determine the number of available measurement ranges Use the array index to modify the mea surement range property 12 47 R W Short Automatic shutter 0 0Off 1 On managed by camera control software 2 On managed
7. Herschel s use of glass in the prism of his original experiment led to some early controversies with his contemporaries about the actual existence of the infrared wavelengths Different investigators in attempting to confirm his work used various types of glass indiscriminately having different transparencies in the infrared Through his later experiments Herschel was aware of the limited transparency of glass to the newly discovered thermal radiation and he was forced to conclude that optics for the infrared would probably be doomed to the use of reflective elements exclusively i e plane and curved mirrors Fortunately this proved to be true only until 1830 when the Italian investigator Melloni made his great discovery that naturally occurring rock salt NaCl which was available in large enough natural crystals to be made into lenses and prisms is remarkably transparent to the infrared The result was that rock salt became the principal infrared optical material and remained so for the next hundred years until the art of synthetic crystal growing was mastered in the 1930 s 86 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 12 History of infrared technology 10399103 a1 Figure 12 3 Macedonio Melloni 1798 1854 Thermometers as radiation detectors remained unchallenged until 1829 the year Nobili invented the thermocouple Herschel s own thermometer could be read to 0 2 C 0 036 F and late
8. Reference section Description Short Event identifier 2 Device is connected 3 Device is disconnected 4 Device connection broken 5 Device reconnected from broken connection 6 Device is in disconnecting phase 7 Auto adjust event 8 Start of shutter operation 9 End of shutter operation 10 LUT table updated 11 Recording conditions changed 12 Image captured 13 All camera settings re trieved 14 Frame rate table available see property 75 15 Frame rate change complet ed after setting property 43 16 Measurement range table available see property 46 17 Measurement range change completed after setting property 12 18 Image size has changed 8 4 2 CamCmdReply Event The CamCmdReply event occurs when the camera control receives a response from a user command issued from the SubmitCamCommand Method Syntax Private Sub object CamCmdhReply response As Bstr ee in NN object Control object name For example CamCtrl response Command response Response from call to method SubmitCamCommand 8 4 3 ResourceChanged Event The ResourceChanged event occurs when the camera control receives a resource changed notification from the camera An active resource subscription is required in order to receive this event First setting a resource path using property 63 and then Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 69 8 Reference section ac
9. 1 Note though that the latest discussion requires the complete sphere around the object to be considered 3 Emission from the atmosphere 1 T TW atm where 1 T is the emittance of the atmosphere The temperature of the atmosphere is Tq The total received radiation power can now be written Equation 2 Wa ETW Se TW Lr W atm We multiply each term by the constant C of Equation 1 and replace the CW products by the corresponding U according to the same equation and get Equation 3 Uo ETU sob Se Ue r U atm Solve Equation 3 for Uopj Equation 4 100 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 14 The measurement formula 1 1 1 Us U rg Ug U atm ET ET This is the general measurement formula used in all the FLIR Systems thermographic equipment The voltages of the formula are Figure 14 2 Voltages Calculated camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature T pj i e a voltage that can be directly converted into true requested object temperature Measured camera output voltage for the actual case Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature Tes according to the calibration Theoretical camera output voltage for a blackbody of temperature Tatm according to the calibration The operator has to supply a number of parameter values for the calculation the object emittance the relative humidit
10. Len 8 bit ASCII character string most certainly terminated with the NUL character 0 32 bit integer 2 s complement Multiple byte data types are stored with the least significant byte first 9 3 The whole header data structure size 892 bytes typedef struct FPF IMAGE DATA T imgData FPF CAMDATA T camData FPF OBJECT PAR T objPar FPF DATETIME T datetime FPF SCALING T scaling Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 71 9 FLIR Public File image format long spareLong 32 0 FPFHEADER T 9 4 The image data structure 120 bytes typedef struct char fpfID 32 FLIR Public Image Format unsigned long version 22 unsigned long pixelOffset Offset to pixel values from start of fpfID unsigned short ImageType Temperature 0 Diff Temp 2 Object Signal 4 Diff Object Signal 5 etc unsigned short pixelFormat 0 short integer 2 bytes 1 long integer 4 bytes 2 float 4 bytes 3 double 8 bytes unsigned short xSize unsigned short ySize unsigned long trig count external trig counter unsigned long frame_count frame number in sequence long spareLong 16 0 FPF IMAGE DATA T 9 5 The camera data structure 360 bytes String lengths define FPF CAMERA TYPE LEN 31 Camera name string define FPF CAMERA PARTN LEN 31 Camera part number string define FPF CAMERA SN LEN 31 Scanner
11. Manufacturer Indigo Systems inc Model PT1000 1DG Serial Number not available Device Information not available Device ID 3 Module ID 17 1 Vendor Id 19 Firmware version 3 23 Stream channels 1 IP Engine Settings Protocol iPORT version 3 23 MAC Address 00 50 C2 1D 7C 43 IP Address 169 254 33 185 Subnet mask not available Gateway not available Figure 7 6 Network Device Finder dialog box The device identification process can take quite a long time in Windows Until it has finished you will get a Device not present message A list of detected devices will be presented If the device has been given an IP address it will be displayed If the IP address is not shown or if the IP address needs to be modified then select any adapter entry in the adapter list directly below the device entry Right click the adapter entry and select Set IP from the context menu A dialog box will be presented When the IP address has been set click OK in the Network Device Finder dialog box to proceed with the connection process SEE ALSO For more information see section 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration on page 21 42 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide 7 5 4 Indigo Merlin Camera Control This control panel is used for Indigo Merlin cameras 10569603 a1 Merlin Bolo iPort cal Man Cam Dev Rec Measurement Range V Auto range sele
12. incl Power 421 0019 00 100 1000baseT Ethernet Interface N Merlin Phoenix Kit 421 0018 00 PT1000 ID 316 0015 01 i 100 1000baseT Lr Ethernet Interface A Omega Kit 308 0040 00 Cat 5 TPE Cable Power Supply 3 Cat 5 TPE Cable p General H NIC PCI or LOM Figure 6 1 Indigo Merlin Omega Phoenix system parts Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 21 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration 10771903 a1 The Cat 6 cable is required for Power Over Ethernet usage a5 eel O ThermoVision A320 Cat 6 TPE Cable 1910 585 aan Boren bud Cat 6 TPE Cable PCI or LOM Figure 6 2 ThermoVision A320 system parts Necessary parts Any network interface supporting at least Fast Ethernet 100 Mbit s An iPortTM PT1000 IDG frame grabber with firmware version 3 8 or later A standard CAT5 Ethernet cable up to 100 meters without intervening hardware Cable to connect camera with the iPortTM frame grabber A desktop or laptop computer 6 2 Software limitations The Ethernet configuration works on Windows 2000 Windows XP and Windows Vista 32 bit operating systems Full burst rate recording of the cameras is not possible in this configuration 6 3 PC recommendations Minimum requirements are A Pentium 4 computer with a clock rate of 1 4 GHz or more At least 512 MB RAM Any networ
13. typedef struct 1 int Year int Month int Day int Hour int Minute int Second int MilliSecond long spareLong 16 FPF DATETIME T The scaling data structure 88 bytes 9 8 typedef struct 1 float float float float float float long tMinCam tMaxCam tMinCalc tMaxCalc tMinScale tMaxScale spareLong 16 FPF SCALING T Computed atmospheric transmission Estimated atmospheric transmission Reference temperature in Kelvin Kelvin 0 1 0 0 Camera scale min in current output Camera scale max Calculated min almost true min Calculated max almost true max Scale min Scale max 0 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 73 9 FLIR Public File image format INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 74 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 10 About FLIR Systems FLIR Systems was established in 1978 to pioneer the development of high performance infrared imaging systems and is the world leader in the design manufacture and marketing of thermal imaging systems for a wide variety of commercial industrial and government applications Today FLIR Systems embraces four major companies with outstanding achievements in infrared technology since 1965 the Swedish AGEMA Infrared Systems formerly AGA Infrared Systems and the three United States companies Indigo
14. Merlin NIR InGaAs Merlin QWIP Merlin MID InSb Omega UL3 uncooled microbolometer Phoenix with RTIE ThermoVision A320G 10570003 a3 Parallel digital video 308 0038 00 Indigo i 316 0015 01 iPort PT 1000 IDG Power Supply 3 Cat 6 STP Cable PCI or LOM 1 Intel Pro 1000 NIC 421 0019 00 V 100 1000baseT Ethernet Interface Merlin Phoenix Kit Power Supply 4 Figure 5 1 Indigo Merlin system parts Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration 10570103 a3 Serial digital video 308 0037 00 E N P iPort T1000 IDG Cat 6 STP Cable INSIEIGHOQU NIC PCI or LOM 421 0018 00 100 1000baseT Ethernet Interface Omega Kit 316 0015 01 308 0040 00 Power Supply Figure 5 2 Indigo Omega system parts 10570203 a4 423 0001 07 Parallel digital video 308 0038 00 Electronics 3 316 0015 01 306 0001 00 Frome sia Supply Intel Pro 1000 ni Pi LOM NIC CI o Cat 6 STP Cable 421 0019 00 100 1000baseT Ethernet Interface Merlin Phoenix Kit 308 0040 00 Power Supply 3 Figure 5 3 Indigo Phoenix system parts 16 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration 10772003 a1 M
15. Show camera information dialog box Show device status dialog box Reload calibration from camera Simulate recording key trig simulate F5 key trig Save camera settings file requires TCP IP connection and camera types 4 or 5 Restore camera settings file requires TCP IP connection and camera types 4 or 5 28 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide 7 4 5 Acquiring look up tables Gets a pixel translation table The table translates absolute image pixels to object pixels GetObjLUT or to temperature values GetLUT If successful a memory block will be allocated for the translation table and it is the responsibility of the caller to de allocate the memory The table size depends on the tableType parameter The table returned is a one dimensional array of single precision float GetObjLUT and GetLUT Table size 256 8 bit pixels This is a valid option only for the GetLUT method Table size 65536 16 bit pixels Table size 32768 15 bit pixels A look up table is valid until you receive a LUT updated event When this event is re ceived you need to call one of these methods again to update your copy of the look up table 7 4 6 Setting and getting camera properties When the camera connection is established you can set and get a number of useful properties Some of these properties need some further explanation SetCameraProperty and GetCameraProperty will on
16. Source decides scaling parameters 85 R W Short 0 Normal mode 1 Silent mode no popups 86 R Short 87 R W Short 1 Cameras has autofocus 0 Camera does not have autofocus 1 Subscribe to resource path 0 Unsubscribe to resource path Resource path is set using property 63 88 R DATE 89 R Short File device Image file time stamp Image acquisition device Time stamp of last image acquisition File device Millisecond part of image file time stamp Image acquisition device Millisecond part of last image acquisition 90 R Long 91 R W Short File device Image file trig count Image acquisition device Current trig count of image source Camera file format supported for cam era type 5 11 and 12 0 JPEG and non compressed IR pixel data 56 kB 1 JPEG and PNG compressed IR pixel data 19 kB 2 JPEG without IR data 16 kB 3 Only IR and pixel data not com pressed 40 kB 4 Only IR and pixel data PNG com pressed 4 kB 92 R W Short Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 File naming used when snapshot recordings are performed in the camera 0 Use normal naming base name index 1 Use current date and time in file name 61 8 Reference section e qe m m Image request timeout in milliseconds 8 3 9 Timeout in milliseconds for property 64 GetError Method Converts an status code or error code to a
17. T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 4 FireWire configuration A camera equipped for FireWire digital output with its digital video mode set to DCAM The Driver Signing setting of the Windows Device Manager should not block unsigned files The TCP IP protocol Automatic Metric setting should not be set A successful installation of the FLIR ThermaCAM camera driver for each camera used A1GHz or faster PC or laptop equipped with a IEEE 1394a 2000 interface capable of serial bus speed of 400 Mb s Recent updates from Microsoft and the computer manufacturer With Windows XP Service Pack 2 S series cameras must have filekit 2 2 5 or higher and A series cameras must have filekit 1 2 12 or higher The FLIR Therma CAM driver must have version 5 20 2600 923 or higher Administrator rights or a change in the Local Security Policy for the users that plug in out the camera on Windows 2000 XP Proper settings if you have a firewall in your computer That ThermaCAM Connect 2 0 is not connected to the camera Acrobat Reader from http www adobe com Some laptop computers are not equipped with the correct FireWire interface In such cases a proper FireWire interface can be added using a CardBus interface adapter A desktop PC needs a free PCI slot in order to install a FireWire interface card The FireWire connector of your PC may have 4 or 6 pins The IEEE 1394a 2000 adapter must be capa
18. ThermoVision A20 M FireWire ThermoVision A40 M FireWire 10430403 a2 Firewire built in or with PC card adapter PC card PC card FireWire adapter not supplied by FLIR 1909813 4 6 1909812 4 4 1909528 1910399 SC640 Power Supply Mains supply optional with S series Internal battery gives up to 2 hours operation Figure 4 1 ThermaCAM S series FireWire interface amp laptop computer Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 9 4 FireWire configuration 10430503 a2 PC UDMA Disk 1909813 4 6 1909812 4 4 1909528 1910399 SC640 Power Supply Figure 4 2 ThermaCAM S series FireWire interface amp desktop computer 10430603 a1 1909813 4 6 1909954 6 6 1909528 Figure 4 3 ThermoVision A series FireWire interface Necessary parts AFireWire cable 6 pole 4 pole max 4 5 m 14 8 ft A power supply the camera battery can also be used An optional FireWire hub to be able to add a 6 pole 6 pole extension cable 4 2 Software limitations The FireWire configuration works on Windows 2000 Windows XP and Windows Vista operating systems In Windows 2000 XP Vista full burst rate recording of the cameras is only possible when the target disk is formatted with a NT file system NTFS and is fast enough 10 Publ No T559014
19. operations If this property is 0 then the camera has no auto focus capability Property 87 is used for activating and deactivating resource subscriptions First set a resource path using property 63 Add a new subscription by setting the property 87 to 1 Remove the subscription by setting the property to 0 This property is only valid for camera type 5 11 and 12 together with TCP IP or iPort PT1000 as communi cation interface When the resource value changes a ResourceChanged event will be fired from the camera control Property 88 is the image time stamp excluding milliseconds read only The property returns a value of the type DATE that is a 64 bit floating point fractional number of days since December 30 1899 If the image source is file device this property will return the current image file time stamp If the image source is any other device this property will return the time stamp of the last image acquisition Property 89 is the image time millisecond part read only If the image source is file device this property will return the millisecond part of the current image file time stamp If the image source is any other device this property will return the millisecond part of the last image acquisition Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 31 7 User guide Property 90 is the current image trig count read only If the image source is file device this property will return the trig count of the
20. 2009 59 8 Reference section Description Short Image pixel size 0 16 bit 1 8 bit 69 Short Camera status 0 Connected 1 Disconnected 2 Connecting phase 3 Connection broken 4 Disconnecting phase 70 Short DirectX viewer 0 Off 1 On 2 Show property page 71 R W Short Image mode 0 Signal default 1 Temperature 0 1 K 2 Temperature 0 01 K 72 R W Short Multicast 0 Use unicast 1 Use multicast connection device type 4 and 6 Must be set before connecting 73 R W Short Deprecated 75 76 Array double Long List of available frame rates Number of images in current image se quence file 77 R W Long Current image number in image se quence file 78 R W Short 1 Wrap to first image in sequence 0 Do not wrap at end of sequence 79 80 81 60 R W Short BSTR Long OzNo downsample 1 Downsample image only for camera type 5 Serial number of camera from image file or camera Deprecated Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description 82 R W Short 83 R W Short 0 Disable correction 1 Enable emissivity corr 2 Enable distance corr 1 Override source object parameters 0 Source decides object parameters 84 R W Short 1 Override source scale parameters 0
21. 5 3 ThermoVision SDK overview 3 4 Summary of API Method Description AboutBox Method Connect Method You can use the AboutBox method to bring up the About box of the camera Control Connect with the camera using the specified de vice communication interface and port Disconnect Method Disconnect the camera and exit the digital transfer mode DoCameraAction Method Perform a specific camera action as listed below EmissCalc Method Calculates a new emissivity factor for a specified pixel GetAbsLUT Method GetObjLUT Method Obsolete Get a pixel translation table The table translates absolute image pixels to object pixels GetCameraProperty Method GetError Method Get specific camera property Converts a status code or error code to a formatted error string Getlmage Method Getlmages Method GetLUT Method MLGetlmages SetCameraProperty Method SetDistanceMap Method Get a row oriented image from the camera Get a sequence of images from the camera Get a temperature translation table The table translates absolute image pixels to temperature Get a sequence of images Used by MatLab Set specific camera property Set a distance correction map SetEmissMap Method Set an image emissivity correction map Setlmage Method Set an image with absolute image pixel data The image should be row oriented SubmitCamCommand Method Submits a user co
22. Brick firebrick 17 SW 0 68 5 Brick fireclay 20 T 0 85 1 Brick fireclay 1000 iT 0 75 1 Brick fireclay 1200 i 0 59 1 Brick masonry 35 SW 0 94 7 Brick masonry plas 20 T 0 94 1 tered Brick red common 20 T 0 93 2 Brick red rough 20 T 0 88 0 93 1 Brick refractory corun 1000 T 0 46 1 dum Brick refractory magne 1000 1300 T 0 38 1 site Brick refractory strongly 500 1000 T 0 8 0 9 1 radiating Brick refractory weakly 500 1000 3H 0 65 0 75 1 radiating Brick silica 95 SiO 1230 T 0 66 1 Brick sillimanite 33 1500 T 0 29 1 SiO 64 Al Os 108 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Brick waterproof 17 SW 0 87 Bronze phosphor bronze 70 LW 0 06 Bronze phosphor bronze 70 SW 0 08 Bronze polished 50 T 0 1 Bronze porous rough 50 150 F 0 55 Bronze powder XE 0 76 0 80 Carbon candle soot 20 T 0 95 Carbon charcoal powder T 0 96 Carbon graphite filed sur 20 T 0 98 face Carbon graphite powder T 0 97 Carbon lampblack 20 400 T 0 95 0 97 Chipboard untreated 20 SW 0 90 Chromium polished 50 T 0 10 Chromium polished 500 1000 T 0 28 0 38 Clay fired 70 T 0 91 Cloth black 20 T 0 98 Concrete 20 T 0 92 Concrete dry 36 SW 0 95 Concrete rough 17 SW 0 97 Concrete walkway 5 LLW 0 974 Copper commercial bur 20 T 0 07 nished Copper electrolytic careful 80 T 0 018 ly polished Copper electrolytic p
23. Figure 7 3 ThermoVision A series FireWire dialog box Select the desired frame rate from the list box The frame rate specifies how many images per second will be captured of the target in question NOTE For cameras with a fixed frame rate this selection will be unavailable NOTE For some cameras frame rates higher than 25 30 Hz may not be supported NOTE For some computers frame rates higher than 25 30 Hz may not work properly 7 5 2 ThermaCAM S series Camera Control This control panel is used for ThermaCAM S60 ThermaCAM S40 ThermaCAM SC640 and similar camera models 10419103 a1 ThermaCAM Firewire K Man Cam Dev E gt Measurement Range 40 120 C NOF z Noise Reduction Low Auto shutter Int Image Corr Figure 7 4 ThermaCAM S series FireWire dialog box If some button is disabled on your camera control it is because your particular camera does not support that function 40 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide The selected Measurement Range should cover the expected measurement temper atures The range limits are blackbody temperatures so if your measurement target has a shiny surface with a low emissivity you will be able to make measurements above the range limits If you click the Int Image Correction button on the Camera Control panel the camera will respond by making a rather heavy clicking sound when the int
24. Systems FSI and Inframetrics 10722703 a2 Figure 10 1 LEFT Thermovision Model 661 from 1969 The camera weighed approximately 25 kg 55 Ib the oscilloscope 20 kg 44 Ib and the tripod 15 kg 33 Ib The operator also needed a 220 VAC generator set and a 10 L 2 6 US gallon jar with liquid nitrogen To the left of the oscilloscope the Polaroid attachment 6 kg 13 Ib can be seen RIGHT FLIR i5 from 2008 Weight 0 34 kg 0 75 Ib including the battery The company has sold more than 40 000 infrared cameras worldwide for applications such as predictive maintenance R amp D non destructive testing process control and automation and machine vision among many others FLIR Systems has three manufacturing plants in the United States Portland OR Boston MA Santa Barbara CA and one in Sweden Stockholm Direct sales offices in Belgium Brazil China France Germany Great Britain Hong Kong Italy Japan Sweden and the USA together with a worldwide network of agents and distribu tors support our international customer base Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 75 10 About FLIR Systems FLIR Systems is at the forefront of innovation in the infrared camera industry We an ticipate market demand by constantly improving our existing cameras and developing new ones The company has set milestones in product design and development such as the introduction of the first battery opera
25. atmosphere in the measurement path To this comes a third radiation contribution from the atmosphere itself This description of the measurement situation as illustrated in the figure below is so far a fairly true description of the real conditions What has been neglected could for instance be sun light scattering in the atmosphere or stray radiation from intense ra diation sources outside the field of view Such disturbances are difficult to quantify however in most cases they are fortunately small enough to be neglected In case they are not negligible the measurement configuration is likely to be such that the risk for disturbance is obvious at least to a trained operator It is then his responsibil ity to modify the measurement situation to avoid the disturbance e g by changing the viewing direction shielding off intense radiation sources etc Accepting the description above we can use the figure below to derive a formula for the calculation of the object temperature from the calibrated camera output 10400503 a1 1 Wien 1 T Wien 1 1 Watm 1 Tam Tren fre 1 o Figure 14 1 A schematic representation of the general thermographic measurement situation 1 Surround ings 2 Object 3 Atmosphere 4 Camera Assume thatthe received radiation power W from a blackbody source of temperature Tsource ON short distance generates a camera output signal Us ource that is proportional to the pow
26. by the Microsoft C C compiler The Visual Basic interpreter uses other names for those data types See the table below for compatible data types Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 49 8 Reference section 8 2 Properties Visual Basic Float Single single precision floating point Short Integer BSTR String Variant Variant Long Long Double Double double precision floating point 8 2 1 Version Property Returns the camera control version string Syntax version object Version ee mn object Control object name For example CamCtrl Version BSTR E g FLIR Camera Control ver 2 90 8 3 Methods 8 3 1 AboutBox Method You can use the AboutBox method to bring up the About box of the camera control Syntax Object AboutBox fee eee Object Control object name For example CamCtrl 8 3 2 Connect Method Connect with the camera using the specified device communication interface and port The port value is not used You should wait for the camera Connected event before acquiring any images or setting getting properties Syntax Status Object Connect camera port device interface server 50 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Status Short 0 OK Return status If nonzero then connection has failed Use GetError method
27. current image file otherwise it will return the current trig count The current trig source is determined by setting property 31 Property 91 is the file format that will be used for snapshot recordings when the image source is file device and there is a TCP IP control connection established with the camera Set this property to a desired value before performing a snapshot recording This property is only used with camera type 5 11 and 12 using a TCP IP communica tions interface and file device as image source The valid formats are JPEG and non compressed IR data 56 kB JPEG and PNG compressed IR data 19 kB JPEG without IR data 16 kB Only IR and pixel data not compressed 40 kB FLIR proprietary format FFF or IMG Only IR and pixel data PNG compressed 4 kB FLIR proprietary format FFF or IMG Image files with format O 1 or 2 can be viewed in any JPEG compliant image browser Property 92 is the file naming method used for snapshot recordings when the image Source is file device and there is a TCP IP control connection established with the camera Standard file naming default Use date and time for file naming 7 4 7 Acquiring images Use the Getlmage method to acquire a single image from the camera If successful a memory block will be allocated for the image pixels and it is the responsibility of the caller to de allocate the memory The image size depends on selected camera type Examine the r
28. curve for a particular temperature It can be shown that the radiant emittance in the interval A 0 to Amax is only 25 ofthe total which represents about the amount of the sun s radiation which lies inside the visible light spectrum 94 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 Theory of thermography 10399303 a1 Figure 13 7 Josef Stefan 1835 1893 and Ludwig Boltzmann 1844 1906 Using the Stefan Boltzmann formula to calculate the power radiated by the human body at a temperature of 300 K and an external surface area of approx 2 m we obtain 1 kW This power loss could not be sustained if it were not for the compensating absorption of radiation from surrounding surfaces at room temperatures which do not vary too drastically from the temperature of the body or of course the addition of clothing 13 3 4 Non blackbody emitters So far only blackbody radiators and blackbody radiation have been discussed However real objects almost never comply with these laws over an extended wave length region although they may approach the blackbody behavior in certain spectral intervals For example a certain type of white paint may appear perfectly white in the visible light spectrum but becomes distinctly gray at about 2 um and beyond 3 um it is almost black There are three processes which can occur that prevent a real object from acting like a blackbody a fraction of the incident radiation a may
29. error return a signed 16 bit error code Typical error conditions are for example a non supported property or if you try to write to a property that is read only or if the camera is disconnected The properties with ID 0 to 11 are persistent properties The current settings are stored in the registry and when a camera connection is established these stored settings are sent to the camera Properties associated with recording settings 27 29 and 31 39 are also persistent properties The range of relative humidity is between 0 and 1 0 For example a value of 0 65 means 65 of relative humidity Object distance is always in meter Temperatures are always in Kelvin The presentation unit properties only affect the way temperatures are displayed in the graphical user interface of the camera control Before using the measurement range property 12 you should find out the number of available measurement ranges This is accomplished by getting the list of measure ment ranges property 46 If this property returns an array of three descriptive range strings then 0 1 and 2 are valid range options when setting the range property Recording trig port property 32 determines which COM or LPT port to use when the recording trig source property 31 is 1 COM or 2 LPT Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 29 7 User guide If the recording file base name property 37 is set to TEST then the recording func
30. for a long time NOTE There is a related function on the Image menu on the standard toolbar and on the scaling toolbar That function is called Auto Adjust It will continuously adjust the scale to the image locally on the PC If you try to study targets whose temperatures are close to or even outside the mea surement range it might happen that the image becomes noisy due to detector offset errors That is when you should use the External Image Correction function Aim the camera towards a surface with a flat temperature close to that of the target Click the button The image will now be subjected to an offset correction so that every part of Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 43 7 User guide the image will get the same value as that in the middle Aim the camera towards the target again This correction will last until the next time you internally correct the camera image or run Ext Image Correction again 10569703 a1 Merlin Bolo iPort x Main Cam Dev Rec Sync mode intemal v Frame rate Camera Info Device Status Edit NUC table Connected OOO Figure 7 8 Merlin Bolometer iPort device control tab Select the desired Sync mode from the list box An external sync signal can be applied in order to synchronize the camera with other external equipment Select the desired frame rate from the list box The frame rate specifies how many images per seco
31. for the Connected event connection to camera completed Set your working environment object parameters and range Acquire a look up table Use GetLUT 1 method Acquire absolute pixel image Use Getlmage 0 Process and display your image using the look up table Repeat step 5 and 6 as long as you like Update your look up table every time you get the event Table updated Disconnect 7 Live image scenario absolute temperature image acquisition Connect Wait for the Connected event connection to camera completed Set your working environment object parameters and range Set image mode SetCameraProperty property ID 71 Acquire absolute image Use Getlmage 0 Process and display your image Repeat step 5 and 6 as long as you like Disconnect Snapshot scenario long time intervals between image acquisitions 1 Connect 2 Wait for the Connected event connection to camera completed 3 Set your working environment object parameters and range 4 Acquire absolute temperature image Use Getlmage 3 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 35 7 User guide Process and display your image Repeat step 4 and 5 as long as you like Disconnect 7 4 11 4 Distributed snapshot scenario A series Ethernet cameras Action Connect using file device and TCP IP communications interface Wait for the Connected event connection to camera com
32. interface The inter face parameter takes the following values No connection attempted Valid option for all camera types TCP IP Valid option for camera type 4 and 5 together with device type 4 Also valid option for camera type 11 and 12 FireWire Valid option for camera type 4 and 5 together with device type 3 and 5 iPort GEV Valid option for camera type 6 9 and 12 together with device type 8 AXIS 2401 Video Server Valid option for camera types 5 and 6 The server parameter is used for Camera network IP address if the control communications interface is TCP IP Video server IP address if the control communications interface is AXIS 2401 Camera network IP address if the image source device is Ethernet Preferred camera using serial number if more than one camera is connected to the FireWire bus If the image source device is Ethernet do NOT specify the RTP multicast address The camera network IP address can be found in the camera GUI Graphical User In terface If device type is FireWire and you have more than one camera connected on the FireWire bus you can specify which camera you want to connect to by setting this parameter to the camera serial number You should wait for the Camera Connected event before acquiring any images or setting getting other properties 7 4 2 Disconnecting Disconnects the camera and exits the digital transfer mode You should always dis connect th
33. is absorbed by the athmosphere between the object and the camera That radiation from the atmosphere itself is detected by the camera 11 5 Relative humidity The camera can also compensate for the fact that the transmittance is also dependent on the relative humidity of the atmosphere To do this set the relative humidity to the correct value For short distances and normal humidity the relative humidity can nor mally be left at a default value of 5096 11 6 Other parameters In addition some cameras and analysis programs from FLIR Systems allow you to compensate for the following parameters Atmospheric temperature i e the temperature of the atmosphere between the camera and the target External optics temperature i e the temperature of any external lenses or windows used in front of the camera External optics transmittance i e the transmission of any external lenses or win dows used in front of the camera Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 83 11 Thermographic measurement techniques INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 84 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 12 History of infrared technology Before the year 1800 the existence of the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum wasn t even suspected The original significance of the infrared spectrum or simply the infrared as it is often called as a form of heat radiation is perhaps less obvious
34. mography will be given 13 2 The electromagnetic spectrum The electromagnetic spectrum is divided arbitrarily into a number of wavelength re gions called bands distinguished by the methods used to produce and detect the radiation There is no fundamental difference between radiation in the different bands of the electromagnetic spectrum They are all governed by the same laws and the only differences are those due to differences in wavelength 10067803 a1 D 2 3 4 10m 100m 1km 10 nm 1mm 10mm 100mm 1m 2um 13 um Figure 13 1 The electromagnetic spectrum 1 X ray 2 UV 3 Visible 4 IR 5 Microwaves 6 Radiowaves Thermography makes use of the infrared spectral band At the short wavelength end the boundary lies at the limit of visual perception in the deep red At the long wave length end it merges with the microwave radio wavelengths in the millimeter range The infrared band is often further subdivided into four smaller bands the boundaries of which are also arbitrarily chosen They include the near infrared 0 75 3 um the middle infrared 3 6 um the far infrared 6 15 jum and the extreme infrared 15 100 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 89 13 Theory of thermography um Although the wavelengths are given in um micrometers other units are often still used to measure wavelength in this spectral region e g nanometer nm and ngstr m
35. supplied as input parameters If successful a new calculated emissivity factor float is returned If unsuccessful an error code is returned short Syntax eps Object EmissCalc X Y knownTemp Description Object Control object name For example CamCtrl eps VARIANT Short Error code Float New calculated emissivity value X Long Image pixel x coordinate Y Long Image pixel y coordinate Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 53 8 Reference section fem Description Description Value Known temperature Float Known LN temperature in Kelvin 8 3 6 GetAbsLUT Method This method is now obsolete and should not be used 8 3 7 GetObjLUT Method Gets a pixel translation table The table translates absolute image pixels to object pixels If successful a memory block will be allocated for the translation table and it is the responsibility of the caller to de allocate the memory The table size depends on the tableType parameter Syntax table object GetObjLUT tableType Description Control object name For example CamCtrl VARIANT A 1 dimensional array of single precision float translating abso lute image pixels to object image pixels tableType 1 Table size 65536 16 bit ab solute image pixels 2 Table size 32768 15 bit ab solute image pixels 8 3 8 GetCameraProperty Method Gets specific camera property Syntax Property O
36. sure that your computer has been fully updated by Windows Update 2 Run the Driver Installation Tool from the Pleora Technologies Inc gt eBus Driver suite menu 3 Find your Gigabit Ethernet Adapter and select Configure 4 Select the optimal eBus Driver if you have Intel PRO 1000 adapter or the universal if you have another adapter Press Finish and after a while Continue 5 You may also have to update the new driver 6 Press Exit and allow the computer to reboot If you have Windows XP Service Pack 2 you will have to let its Firewall allow your application to access the network to be able to connect to your camera 18 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration If you do not use an Intel PRO 1000 network adapter or do not install the Pleora drivers the software will still allow you to set an IP number to the interface and try to connect to the camera using the ordinary networking functions of Windows This connection will not give full speed performance for most cameras For more information about this please see section 4 3 If you already had a High Performance driver installed for your PT1000 Ethernet adapter you have to get rid of that by re installing the original driver from Intel in order to be able to use the new Driver Installation Tool 5 5 Troubleshooting the Gigabit Ethernet interface installation To work properly the configuration needs s
37. to convert status code to string Camera Short 4 ThermaCAM S40 S60 Camera type 5 ThermoVision A series 6 Indigo Merlin series 7 Indigo Phoenix 8 Indigo Omega ThermoVi sion A10 10 ThermaCAM SC640 11 ThermoVision A320 12 ThermoVision A320G Port Short 0 Automatic selection of port Port to use for communications interface Device Short 2 File device Image source device 3 FireWire 16 bit images 4 Ethernet 8 bit images 5 FireWire 8 bit images 6 Ethernet 16 bit images 8 iPort GEV Frame grabber Gigabit Ethernet Interface Short 0 Noconnection attempted Communications interface type 2 TCP IP 3 FireWire for device types 3 and 5 4 iPort GEV interface Ether net 5 AXIS video server 2401 Ethernet Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 51 8 Reference section Description Server BSTR Required if communications inter Camera network address IP ad face is AXIS or if image source dress device is Ethernet 8 bit images The network address of a cam era can be found by using the camera GUI except for Thermo Vision A320G If device is FireWire and communication interface is FireWire then you may optionally specify the cam era serial number in order to connect to a specific camera on the FireWire bus 8 3 3 Disconnect Method Disconnects the camera and exits the digital tra
38. 0 20 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 121 A note on the technical production of this publication This publication was produced using XML the eXtensible Markup Language For more information about XML please visit http www w3 org XML A note on the typeface used in this publication This publication was typeset using Swiss 721 which is Bitstream s pan European version of the Helvetica typeface Helvetica was designed by Max Miedinger 1910 1980 List of effective files 20235103 xml a24 20235203 xml a21 20235303 xml a17 20236703 xml a41 20238503 xml a9 20238703 xml b8 20241103 xml a12 20243703 xml a11 20248703 xml a6 20248903 xml a6 20249003 xml a7 20249103 xml a4 20249203 xml a7 20250403 xml a18 20254903 xml a57 20255303 xml a9 20255603 xml a7 20257003 xml a35 20287303 xml a8 RO0032 rcp a5 config xml a5 122 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 AUSTRALIA FLIR Systems 10 Business Park Drive Nottinghill Victoria 3168 Australia Tel 61 3 9550 2800 Fax 61 3 9558 9853 Email infoGflir com au Web www flir com BELGIUM FLIR Systems Uitbreidingstraat 60 62 B 2600 Berchem BELGIUM Phone 32 0 3 287 87 11 Fax 32 0 3 287 87 29 E mail info flir be Web www flir com BRAZIL FLIR Systems Av Anto
39. 0 rpm Ultra DMA 100 disk formatted with the NT file system NTFS Ultra DMA 100 requires Windows XP Vista or service pack 2 of Windows 2000 If you have a serial ATA SATA disk that is even better 5 4 Installing driver software for the Gigabit Ethernet interface 5 4 1 Windows 2000 XP Vista To take full advantage of the GigaBit interface you need the eBus optimal driver To copy the eBus driver suite onto your hard disk run the installation program present on the CD This will also make some documentation about the driver suite available from the Start Menu See Pleora Technologies Inc gt eBus Driver suite gt Documen tation More detailed instructions on how to install the eBus optimal driver can be found in this Pleora documentation Note that the eBus optimal driver is only compatible with the Intel PRO 1000 family of network adapters either a PC network interface card often referred to as a NIC or a LAN on the motherboard often referred to as a LOM If you have some other kind of network adapter use the universal driver instead The ordinary driver for your network adapter has almost certainly already been installed by Windows You will have to update the previous installation with the Pleora driver You need to log in as administrator or as a user with administrator rights to do this Please follow these steps to replace your Gigabit network interface driver with the Pleora device driver 1 First make
40. 009 91 13 Theory of thermography The factor 10 is used since spectral emittance in the curves is expressed in Watt m um Planck s formula when plotted graphically for various temperatures produces a family of curves Following any particular Planck curve the spectral emittance is zero at A 0 then increases rapidly to a maximum at a wavelength max and after passing it approaches zero again at very long wavelengths The higher the temperature the shorter the wavelength at which maximum occurs 10327103 a4 Figure 13 4 Blackbody spectral radiant emittance according to Planck s law plotted for various absolute temperatures 1 Spectral radiant emittance W cm x 109 um 2 Wavelength um 13 3 2 Wien s displacement law By differentiating Planck s formula with respect to A and finding the maximum we have 2898 Aus ES T um This is Wien s formula after Wilhelm Wien 1864 1928 which expresses mathemati cally the common observation that colors vary from red to orange or yellow as the temperature of a thermal radiator increases The wavelength of the color is the same as the wavelength calculated for Ajax A good approximation of the value of Ajax for a given blackbody temperature is obtained by applying the rule of thumb 3 000 T 92 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 Theory of thermography um Thus a very hot star such as Sirius 11 000 K emittin
41. 2 6 4 Ethernet bandwidth requirements ssssssseeeeeeeeneen enne 22 6 5 Troubleshooting the standard Ethernet interface installation sessssss 23 T User gulde uos eek AON a tete eta IR Ia ETE RETAIL AR MN UENIT DU 25 7 1 About the camera control 5 2 rri teen tere evens eene dee e deren rene 25 7 2 About using multiple FireWire cameras 25 7 8 About using a FireWire camera with Windows XP SP 26 7 4 Using the camera control sssssseeee 26 7 4 1 eee ma ie Aee A AEE ined AEA AE adverse eE 26 7 4 2 DISCONNeCtiNg dieren ennir nina anA pai eves arraie eiaeia aide area ai 27 7 4 3 IMAGE YEST E 27 7 4 4 CGamera acti n COomMANA Sissis ice onde enr a e A e ave A 28 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 ix 7 4 5 Acquiring loolcup tables 3 et e tte t ume e sprit 7 4 6 Setting and getting camera properties 7 4 7 Acquiring images 7 4 8 How to trigger a recording from outside 7 4 8 1 External trig using FireWire sssssssse 33 7 4 8 2 External trig using the serial port ssssssm 33 7 4 8 3 External trig using the printer port cece eee eee teeter ereeeeeeeee 34 7 4 9 Using the camera control with recorded images sess 34 7 4 10 Snapshot image acquisition uing TCP IP 34 7 4 11 Image acquisition scenarios
42. 60 2 3 2 appl 2 4 12 edit 3 ThermoVision A20 A40 1 3 1 Dec 7th 2004 appl 1 0 14 edit 2 7 4 Using the camera control 7 4 1 Connecting The very first thing to do is to connect to a camera There is not much you can do before you are connected There are a number of parameters to specify when con necting First of all the camera type ThermaCAM S40 S60 device type 3 ThermoVision A20 A40 device type 3 4 and 5 Coreby Indigo Merlin Series device type 8 Coreby Indigo Phoenix with RTIE backend electronics device type 8 Coreby Indigo Omega or ThermoVision A10 device type 8 ThermaCAM SC640 device type 3 ThermoVision A320 device type 6 ThermoVision A320G device type 8 Most likely you want to establish a control connection with the camera The second parameter selects the communications port Set this parameter to zero The third parameter is the device type used for image transfer from the camera to the PC File device can be used for all camera types which means that a replaceable test image is used as the image source 2 File device 3 FireWire 16 bit image pixels 4 Ethernet 8 bit image pixels 5 FireWire 8 bit image pixels 6 Ethernet 16 bit image pixels 26 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide 8 iPort GEV frame grabber using Ethernet The fourth parameter selects the camera control communications
43. A The relationships between the different wavelength measurements is 10 000 1 000 nm 1 u 1 pm 13 3 Blackbody radiation A blackbody is defined as an object which absorbs all radiation that impinges on it at any wavelength The apparent misnomer black relating to an object emitting radia tion is explained by Kirchhoff s Law after Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 1824 1887 which states that a body capable of absorbing all radiation at any wavelength is equally capable in the emission of radiation 10398803 a1 Figure 13 2 Gustav Robert Kirchhoff 1824 1887 The construction of a blackbody source is in principle very simple The radiation characteristics of an aperture in an isotherm cavity made of an opaque absorbing material represents almost exactly the properties of a blackbody A practical application of the principle to the construction of a perfect absorber of radiation consists of a box that is light tight except for an aperture in one of the sides Any radiation which then enters the hole is scattered and absorbed by repeated reflections so only an infinites imal fraction can possibly escape The blackness which is obtained at the aperture is nearly equal to a blackbody and almost perfect for all wavelengths By providing such an isothermal cavity with a suitable heater it becomes what is termed a cavity radiator An isothermal cavity heated to a uniform temperature gener ates blackbody radiation the characteristics of w
44. G Indigo Merlin Series Indigo Omega ThermoVision A10 and Indigo Phoenix with RTIE backend electronics You can use it to switch camera measurement range control the camera image filtering view camera status etc You can also retrieve images and temperature tables 8 1 2 File names License file CamCtrl lic Binary load file CamCtrl ocx Type library CamCtrl tlb 8 1 3 Interfaces The ActiveX Control Module contains one interface named FLIR SDK Camera Control The object name exposed to application is CAMCTRL LVCamCtrl 3 8 1 4 Camera control properties methods and events This control has methods properties and events by which you can interact with it The methods and properties allow you to give commands to the control and to retrieve information from it The events can tell you that something important has happened for instance that the user has pressed the disconnect button The distinction between methods and properties is quite subtle Properties can be assigned one single value which methods normally can not Methods can take pa rameters which properties normally can not The intermediate case a property with parameters exists and is handled by this guide as a method because that is the way in which it is regarded by Visual Basic This reference guide lists the properties methods and events in separate sections in alphabetic order 8 1 5 Data types The data types described in this reference manual are those used
45. Goleta CA 93117 3027 USA Phone 1 805 964 9797 Fax 1 805 685 2711 E mail cbi flir com Web www corebyindigo com USA FLIR Systems Indigo Operations IAS Facility 701 John Sims Parkway East Suite 2B Niceville FL 32578 USA Phone 1 850 678 4503 Fax 1 850 678 4992 E mail cbiGflir com Web www corebyindigo com
46. Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 4 FireWire configuration 4 3 PC recommendations To get a reasonably high performance you should have a Pentium desktop computer with a clock rate of 1 GHz or more If IDE Ultra DMA 100 is supported on your computer then there is no need for striped SCSI disks There are such disks that are so fast that you don t need to use striped volumes We now recommend 7200 RPM 30 GBUltra DMA 100 disks or better If you have a serial ATA disk SATA that is even better The FireWire adapter in the PC must conform to the 1394a 2000 specifications and must support bus speeds up to 400 Mb s DirectX 8 1 or higher is required for the FireWire configuration The amount of memory in the PC should be at least twice the Microsoft amp recommen dation Our recommendation is to set the color palette to 256 colors TrueColor gives a lower frame rate but better color fidelity 4 4 Installing the FireWire camera driver software 4 4 1 General instructions If needed insert a FireWire Adapter into a free PCI bus slot on your desktop PC The adapter must conform to the IEEE 1394a 2000 specification and be capable of supporting a serial bus speed of 400 Mb s Windows should automatically detect the new hardware and ask for its drivers which are supplied by the FireWire Adapter manufacturer Disable any sensitive equipment especially disks that you may already have connected to yo
47. T 0 81 1 Iron cast ingots 1000 T 0 95 1 Iron cast liquid 1300 T 0 28 1 Iron cast machined 800 1000 T 0 60 0 70 1 Iron cast oxidized 38 Ji 0 63 4 Iron cast oxidized 100 T 0 64 2 Iron cast oxidized 260 T 0 66 4 Iron cast oxidized 538 T 0 76 4 Iron cast oxidized at 600 C 200 600 T 0 64 0 78 1 Iron cast polished 38 T 0 21 4 Iron cast polished 40 T 0 21 2 Iron cast polished 200 T 0 21 1 Iron cast unworked 900 1100 T 0 87 0 95 1 Iron and steel cold rolled 70 LW 0 09 9 Iron and steel cold rolled 70 SW 0 20 9 Iron and steel covered with red 20 T 0 61 0 85 1 rust Iron and steel electrolytic 22 T 0 05 4 Iron and steel electrolytic 100 T 0 05 4 Iron and steel electrolytic 260 T 0 07 4 Iron and steel electrolytic careful 175 225 T 0 05 0 06 1 ly polished Iron and steel freshly worked 20 T 0 24 1 with emery Iron and steel ground sheet 950 1100 Ji 0 55 0 61 1 Iron and steel heavily rusted 20 jT 0 69 2 sheet Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 111 15 Emissivity tables Iron and steel hot rolled 20 T 0 77 1 Iron and steel hot rolled 130 T 0 60 1 Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0 74 1 Iron and steel oxidized 100 T 0 74 4 Iron and steel oxidized 125 525 T 0 78 0 82 1 Iron and steel oxidized 200 RD 0 79 2 Iron and steel oxidized 1227 T 0 89 4 Iron and steel oxidized 200 600 RD 0 80 1 Iron and steel oxidized strongly 50 T 0 88 1 Iron and stee
48. User s manual User s manual Benu rhandbi Publ No T559014 Revision a372 Language English EN Issue date August 5 2009 ThermoVision SDK Program version 2 6 Notice to user Customer help ThermoVision SDK overview FireWire configuration Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration Standard Ethernet interface configuration User guide Reference section FLIR Public File image format About FLIR Systems Thermographic measurement techniques History of infrared technology Theory of thermography The measurement formula Emissivity tables ThermovVision SDK User s manual License Number ThermoVision SDK 2 6 ASRTEIES x Ch SKO DV 4 FLIR Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 Legal disclaimer All products manufactured by FLIR Systems are warranted against defective materials and workmanship for a period of one 1 year from the delivery date of the original purchase provided such products have been under normal storage use and service and in accordance with FLIR Systems instruction All products not manufactured by FLIR Systems included in systems delivered by FLIR Systems to the original purchaser carry the warranty if any of the particular supplier only and FLIR Systems has no responsibility whatsoever for such products The warranty extends only to the original purchaser and is not tra
49. ay with dis tance values in float format one for each image pixel The individ ual distance values must be in the range 0 to 9999 meters 8 3 18 SubmitCamCommand Method Submits a user command to the camera The response from the camera is returned in the CamCmdReply event Do not use this method for camera types 4 5 10 11 and 12 Camera types 4 5 10 11 and 12 must use properties 63 and 64 for user commands Syntax Status Object SubmitCamCommand cmd fee eee Control object name For example CamCtrl Short Return code BSTR Camera command string Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 67 8 Reference section 8 3 19 ToTemperature Method Converts a given absolute pixel value to temperature in Kelvin Syntax Temperature Object ToTemperature abspix eps Description Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Temperature Float Temperature in Kelvin Abspix Long Absolute pixel value Eps Float Emissivity factor 0 0 1 0 If O then use image emissivity 8 4 Events 8 4 1 CameraEvent Event The CameraEvent event occurs when a camera connection changes state Events can also be thrown for camera state changes which affect the image distribution 8 and 9 Syntax Private Sub object_CameraEvent id As Short een Object Control object name For example CamCtrl 68 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8
50. be absorbed a fraction p may be reflected and a fraction v may be transmitted Since all of these factors are more or less wavelength dependent the subscript A is used to imply the spectral depen dence of their definitions Thus The spectral absorptance a the ratio of the spectral radiant power absorbed by an object to that incident upon it The spectral reflectance p the ratio of the spectral radiant power reflected by an object to that incident upon it The spectral transmittance T the ratio of the spectral radiant power transmitted through an object to that incident upon it The sum of these three factors must always add up to the whole at any wavelength so we have the relation a p 7 1 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 95 13 Theory of thermography For opaque materials T 0 and the relation simplifies to a py 1 Another factor called the emissivity is required to describe the fraction e of the radiant emittance of a blackbody produced by an object at a specific temperature Thus we have the definition The spectral emissivity the ratio of the spectral radiant power from an object to that from a blackbody at the same temperature and wavelength Expressed mathematically this can be written as the ratio of the spectral emittance of the object to that of a blackbody as follows Wy Wo Ey Generally speaking there are three types of radiation source dis
51. be used with camera type 5 11 and 12 It is used to enable a hardware look up table which translates image pixels to absolute temperature pixels If image mode is 1 temperature resolution 0 1 K or 2 temperature resolution 0 01 K the absolute image pixels should be interpreted as absolute tem perature values When image mode is 1 then the temperature range spans between 0 and 6553 5 K e g a absolute image pixel with value 2735 should be interpreted as 273 5 K In image 2 the valid range decreases to between 0 and 655 35 K and a absolute image pixel with value 35621 should be interpreted as 356 21 K The multicast property 72 is only relevant with camera type 5 and device type 4 If set then a multicast session is attempted otherwise a unicast connection default is attempted Set this property before connecting to the camera Multicast sessions reduce the load on the camera compared to unicast sessions if more than one client is listening to the camera image transmission However please note that multicast support is required in all routers between the camera server and the camera control client The frame rate list property 75 returns a list of available frame rates Use property 43 to modify the frame rate 30 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide Properties 76 to 78 are used when you are connected as a file device and the current image source is a sequence file Use property 76 to fi
52. bility of the caller to deallocate the memory The image size depends on selected camera type Syntax Image Object Getlmage imageType Description Control object name For example CamCtrl VARIANT One of the following a A 2 dimensional array with image pixels Pixel format de pends on the imageType pa rameter a Return error code short imageType 0 Absolute image pixels 16 bit unsigned integer 2 Object signal pixels single precision float 3 Temperature pixels single precision float 4 Relative temperature pixels 8 bit unsigned integer Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 63 8 Reference section 8 3 11 Getlmages Method Gets a sequence of images from the camera An array of image pointers is supplied to the method It is the responsibility of the caller to allocate the space needed for each image The image structure is row oriented Use the properties for image width 66 and height 67 in order to calculate the space needed for each image A camera event Image captured event is sent when the first image has been captured Syntax Status Object Getlmages imageType imageArray imageSize Description Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Status VARIANT Return code imageType Short 0 Absolute image pixels 16 bit unsigned integer 2 Object signal pixels single precision float 3 Temperature pixels single preci
53. bject GetCameraProperty Id ee meinen p S S Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Property VARIANT Camera property value Id Short Property id See table below 54 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description 0 R W Float Reflected temperature in Kelvin Range 0 5000 1 R W Float Atmospheric temperature in Kelvin Range 0 5000 2 R W Float Object distance in meter Range 0 10000 3 R W Float Object emissivity Range 0 01 1 00 4 R W Float Relative humidity Range 0 0 99 5 R W Float Reference temperature in Kelvin Range 0 5000 6 R W Float External optics temperature in Kelvin Range 0 5000 7 R W Float External optics transmission Range 0 01 1 00 8 R W Float Low Scale Limit in Kelvin Range 0 5000 9 R W Float High Scale Limit in Kelvin Range 0 5000 10 R W Short Temperature presentation unit 0 Celsius 1 Fahrenheit 2 Kelvin 11 R W Short Distance presentation unit 0 Meter 1 Foot 12 R W Short Measurement range array index 13 R W BSTR Focus motor state far near or stop 14 R W Long Focus absolute position range depends on camera type 15 R W BSTR Cooler state on off standby cooling 16 R BSTR Battery status 17 R W BSTR Current camera palette 18 R W Short Deprecated Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 55 8 Reference section Descrip
54. ble of a serial bus speed of 400 Mb s in order to achieve full real time recording speed 50 60Hz Even when this is the case limitations elsewhere in the computer may not allow full speed With some laptop chipsets there is a problem cause by too much latency in the C3 power state transition which cause buffer underruns This can be cured by a change in the Windows registry For more information see Publ No T559004 Installation Hints on the CD ROM Since FireWire is a fairly recent addition to the Windows world hardware and software weaknesses still plague the technology We recommend that you visit the Microsoft Windows Update website windowsupdate microsoft com to refresh your software and Windows drivers and that you visit the corresponding site of your computer manufacturer to receive its latest updates Do not connect other FireWire equipment to your computer when you transfer IR images Please disable any sensitive equipment especially disks that you may already have connected to your FireWire adapter before you plug in the camera Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 4 FireWire configuration INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 14 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration 5 1 System parts Gigabit Ethernet interface This configuration is used for the following camera models Merlin uncooled microbolometer
55. by embedded camera software SDK default at Connect 48 R W Short Deprecated 49 R W Short Scale or overlay graphics visibility in camera video signal 0 Not visible 1 Visible 50 R W Short Offset Correction Range 500 to 500 58 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description 51 R W Short Aperture Range 1 5 52 R W Short Reserved for internal use 53 R W BSTR IR Source File absolute path Only used if image source is file device 54 R W Short Tooltip visibility 0 Off 1 On 55 R W Short Reserved for internal use 56 R W Float Override calculated transmission with estimated value Range 0 1 57 R W Long Recording file index 58 R W Short Image rotation 0 Normal 1 Horizontal 2 Vertical 3 Diagonally 59 R BSTR Recording file extension for single file 60 R Array BSTR List of available camera palettes 61 R W Short Camera default initialization Set before connecting 0 Disabled 1 Enabled default 62 R W Array Text comments only for camera type 0 4 5 9 12 63 R W BSTR Resource path only for camera type 4 5 10 11 and 12 64 R W Any Resource value only for camera type 4 5 10 11 and 12 65 R W Long Camera ID only for camera type 5 and 11 Range 1 999 66 R Long Image line width in pixels 67 R Long Image height number of rows or lines Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5
56. cameras an Intel Pro 1000 network adapter based on the Intel 82540 82541 or 82546 chip is recommended Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 3 ThermoVision SDK overview 3 8 Checklist 3 8 1 Step by step instructions only for cameras supporting FireWire The following test sequence can be carried out in order to make sure that the camera FireWire connection is working Install FSCAP from the ThermoVision A20 utility CD Start the camera and connnect the camera FireWire cable to the PC Start the FSCAP application by pointing to Start gt Programs FSCAP Make sure that FLIR ThermaCAM is selected under Devices and that Preview is selected under Options You should now see a live image Press ENTER to view the camera menu system Use the arrow keys to navigate through the menu system Press ESC to quit menu mode Try some other stream formats by selecting Options Video Capture Pin Select the UYUV option and 30 Hz frame rate Now change the camera palette to a color palette Quit the FSCAP application 8 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 4 FireWire configuration 4 1 System parts ThermaCAM S and ThermoVision A series FireWire interface This configuration is used for the following camera models ThermaCAM S60 ThermaCAM S65 ThermaCAM S40 ThermaCAM S45 ThermaCAM SC640 CPA 8200 CPA 8000
57. check boxes on the Cam tab Uncorrected output no corrections allowed Corrected output only NUC corrections allowed Corrected and replaced output all corrections allowed 7 6 Redistribution 7 6 1 Camera Control Runtime Component To install the FLIR SDK Camera Control together with your application please use the supplied installer which can be found on the CD The file name of the installer is ThermoVision SDK Runtime msi 7 6 2 Bonjour Core Services 1 0 4 This needs to be installed for ThermoVision A320 and ThermoVision A320G cameras The file name of the installer is BonjourSetup exe 7 6 3 FLIR DirectShow Runtime Components This needs to be installed for ThermoVision A320 cameras The file name of the in staller is FLIR Systems ThermoVision Runtime Objects msi 7 6 4 Ethernet Bus Drivers It is recommended that these drivers are installed ThermoVision A320G cameras The file name ofthe installer is EthernetBus 1 0 exe Not supported yet for Windows Vista Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 47 7 User guide 48 INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section 8 1 About the camera control 8 1 1 Description The Camera Control communicates with FLIR camera models ThermaCAM 840 860 ThermaCAM SC640 ThermoVision A series ThermoVision A320 ThermoVision A320
58. ck this option if you want the NUC offset refresh coefficients if any exist to be applied Bad Pixel Replacement This option enables bad pixel replacement If you click on the Int Image Correction button on the Camera Control panel the camera will respond by making a clicking sound when the internal shutter is closed and the camera adjusts its own offsets to the current image It is highly recommended to use the Int Image Correction function now and then especially at power up since it improves the image quality 46 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide It is often desirable to use an external normalization source as opposed to the internal shutter since any non uniformity in the camera lens is then also corrected To do that use the Ext Image Correction button Aim the camera towards a surface with a flat temperature close to that of the target Click the button The image will now be subjected to an offset correction so that every part of the image will get the same value as that in the middle Aim the camera towards the target again This correction will last until the next time you internally correct the camera image or run Ext Image Correction again The Sync source controls the synchronization of the FPA integration period in non imaging mode In imaging mode the sync signal is used to actively start the readout of valid video The Digital ouput control sets restrictions for the
59. ct I Auto shutter Est Image Cor Int Image Corr Connected 0 Figure 7 7 Merlin Bolometer iPort camera control tab If a button is disabled on your camera control it is because your particular camera does not support that function The Measurement Range list contains a list of all available NUC tables in the camera Each NUC table corresponds to a measurement temperature range The camera is delivered with a set of pre defined NUC tables but user defined NUC tables can be added to the camera There is a small windows application on the CD designed for this purpose in the Indigo MerlinUI sub directory The names of the NUC tables can be changed to more user friendly names Select the Auto range option if you want the camera to select the best suitable mea surement range or NUC table If you click the Int Image Correction button on the Camera Control panel the camera will respond by making a clicking sound when the internal shutter is pulled and adjust its own temperature scale once to the current image It is highly recommended to use the Int Image Correction function now and then since it improves the image quality Select the Auto shutter option if you want an automatic internal image correction This automated process can be disabled as it may affect the recording of images When you switch it off a warning will appear in the status field of the control This warning will turn red if you leave it switched off
60. ct the heat from a cow at a distance of 400 meters An English scientist Sir James Dewar first introduced the use of liquefied gases as cooling agents such as liquid nitrogen with a temperature of 196 C 320 8 F in low temperature research In 1892 he invented a unique vacuum insulating container in which it is possible to store liquefied gases for entire days The common thermos bottle used for storing hot and cold drinks is based upon his invention Between the years 1900 and 1920 the inventors of the world discovered the infrared Many patents were issued for devices to detect personnel artillery aircraft ships and even icebergs The first operating systems in the modern sense began to be developed during the 1914 18 war when both sides had research programs devoted to the military exploitation of the infrared These programs included experimental systems for enemy intrusion detection remote temperature sensing secure commu nications and flying torpedo guidance An infrared search system tested during this period was able to detect an approaching airplane at a distance of 1 5 km 0 94 miles or a person more than 300 meters 984 ft away The most sensitive systems up to this time were all based upon variations of the bolometer idea but the period between the two wars saw the development of two revolutionary new infrared detectors the image converter and the photon detector At first the image co
61. dick eec iia 7 3 7 2 Intel Gigabit Ethernet network adapter sesssssssenennnes 7 3 8 Checklist 8 3 8 1 8 4 FireWire configuration emen hdi eese 9 4 1 System parts ThermaCAM S and ThermoVision A series FireWire interface 9 4 2 Software limitations 4 tere teniente Los ater e e eee ne AO 4 3 PC recommendations sss we 11 4 4 Installing the FireWire camera driver software 11 4 4 1 General instrictiors erue en et ehe Mec eid 4 4 2 WihndoWS VISE 2 dien esce tete te eie ee eee tee btt d eee Lec 4 4 3 Windows 2000 XP 4 5 Troubleshooting the FireWire installation sesen n 12 5 Gigabit Ethernet interface configuration ssssssssssseeneeeeneenenenennnnna 5 1 System parts Gigabit Ethernet interface ssssssssssssseseeeeeennee 5b 2 Software limitations ete Deme see nota ren rv ce a en er MER eA 5 8 PG recommenidatiohs 2 etit Perder ei n Rene e Reda Re e eA E Re ende 5 4 Installing driver software for the Gigabit Ethernet interface 5 4 1 Windows 2000 XP Vista eese 5 5 Troubleshooting the Gigabit Ethernet interface installation 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration 21 6 1 System parts Standard Ethernet interface configuration 21 6 24 SoftWare limitations nce EUREN nda 22 6 3 PO recommiendatiornis 5 tete eR RE mee 2
62. e Events can also be thrown for camera state changes which affect the image distribution events 8 and 9 SEE ALSO For more information about event codes see section 8 4 1 CameraEvent Event on page 68 Camera command events occur when the camera control receives a response from a direct command issued by the SubmitCamCommand method Camera resource changed events occur when the camera control has an active re source subscription and the resource value changes This event is only available for camera type 4 and 5 7 4 19 Public image format The xxxx fpf files consist of a header followed by a 2 dimensional array of single pre cision IEEE floating point values each representing one point of the image A C style description of the header layout can be found in the header file fpfimg h available in FSWIN example directory The image point values are stored starting from the top left corner row by row The camera control can only save FPF images with absolute temperature floating point values In the FSWIN sample you can find code that reads a FPF image and displays the content 7 5 Graphical user interface 7 5 1 ThermoVision A series Camera Control The SDK allows you to connect A series cameras either through a FireWire interface or through an Ethernet interface ThermoVision model Interface A20 M V Ethernet None A40 M V Ethernet None A20 M FireWire FireWire A40 M FireWire FireWire A20 V FireWire None
63. e camera before shutting down your application 7 4 3 Image types Image types must be specified when acquiring images Below is list of valid image types 0 Absolute image pixels 16 bit unsigned integers Can only be used with 16 bit device types 2 Object signal pixels single precision float Can only be used with 16 bit device types 3 Absolute temperature pixels single precision float Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 27 7 User guide 4 Relative temperature pixels 8 bit unsigned integers Can only be used with 8 bit device types Relative temperature pixels are related to the current lower and upper scale limit property 8 and 9 The pixel value should be interpreted as an offset within the current scale limits The scaling mode in the camera should be set to linear in order to translate this offset to a valid temperature A20V and A40V camera models only supports image type 4 7 4 4 Camera action commands Performs a specific camera action as listed below Start recording with current recording settings Stop recording Enable recording Disable recording Pause a started recording Resume paused recording Record a single image to disk snapshot recording Show recording settings dialog box Internal image correction shutter maneuver External image correction Auto adjust without shutter maneuver Clear list of recorded files Auto focus
64. eat resistant 100 T 0 92 1 Lacquer white 40 100 T 0 8 0 95 1 Lacquer white 100 T 0 92 2 Lead oxidized gray 20 T 0 28 1 Lead oxidized gray 22 T 0 28 4 Lead oxidized at 200 C 200 T 0 63 1 Lead shiny 250 T 0 08 1 Lead unoxidized pol 100 T 0 05 4 ished Lead red 100 T 0 93 4 Lead red powder 100 T 0 93 1 Leather tanned T 0 75 0 80 1 Lime T 0 3 0 4 1 Magnesium 22 T 0 07 4 Magnesium 260 T 0 13 4 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 113 15 Emissivity tables Magnesium 538 T 0 18 4 Magnesium polished 20 T 0 07 2 Magnesium pow T 0 86 1 der Molybdenum 600 1000 T 0 08 0 13 1 Molybdenum 1500 2200 T 0 19 0 26 1 Molybdenum filament 700 2500 T 0 1 0 3 1 Mortar 17 SW 0 87 5 Mortar dry 36 SW 0 94 7 Nextel Velvet 811 Flat black 60 150 LW gt 0 97 10 and 21 Black 11 Nichrome rolled 700 T 0 25 1 Nichrome sandblasted 700 T 0 70 1 Nichrome wire clean 50 T 0 65 1 Nichrome wire clean 500 1000 T 0 71 0 79 1 Nichrome wire oxidized 50 500 T 0 95 0 98 1 Nickel bright matte 122 T 0 041 4 Nickel commercially 100 T 0 045 1 pure polished Nickel commercially 200 400 T 0 07 0 09 1 pure polished Nickel electrolytic 22 T 0 04 4 Nickel electrolytic 38 y 0 06 4 Nickel electrolytic 260 iT 0 07 4 Nickel electrolytic 538 T 0 10 4 Nickel electroplated pol 20 d 0 05 2 ished Nickel electroplated on 22 T 0 045 4 iron polished Nickel el
65. ect the camera after a while If Windows displays a New Hardware Found Wizard for the device FLIR ThemaCAM either let Windows search for the best available driver or select Install from a specific location Advanced to let Windows find an appropriate driver in your C Program Files Flir Systems Device drivers directory Allow Windows to continue installing the software despite the complaints about the FLIR drivers not being digitally signed If Windows refuses to let you do this please check that the Driver Signing setting Right click on My Computer My Computer Properties Hardware tab is not set to Block There are cameras capable of supporting other devices such as the FLIR 1394 Net work Adapter and the FLIR USB Adapter These devices belong to the ThermaCAM Connect 3 0 or ThermaCAM QuickReport product which has drivers for them 4 To 5 Troubleshooting the FireWire installation work properly the FireWire configuration needs Microsoft Windows 2000 XP or Vista Direct X 8 1 or higher 12 A correct Type of camera and Type of connection setting in the Select Camera dialog A 6 or 4 to 4 FireWire cable for ThermaCAM S series A 6 or 4 to 4 FireWire cable for ThermaCAM SC640 series A 6 or 4 to 6 FireWire cable for ThermoVision A series A IEEE 1394a 2000 FireWire adapter A successful installation of the FireWire Adapter driver Publ No
66. ectroplated on 20 T 0 11 0 40 1 iron unpolished 114 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Nickel electroplated on 22 T 0 11 iron unpolished Nickel oxidized 200 T 0 37 Nickel oxidized 227 T 0 37 Nickel oxidized 1227 T 0 85 Nickel oxidized at 600 C 200 600 T 0 37 0 48 Nickel polished 122 T 0 045 Nickel wire 200 1000 T 0 1 0 2 Nickel oxide 500 650 T 0 52 0 59 Nickel oxide 1000 1250 T 0 75 0 86 Oil lubricating 0 025 mm film 20 T 0 27 Oil lubricating 0 050 mm film 20 T 0 46 Oil lubricating 0 125 mm film 20 T 0 72 Oil lubricating film on Ni base Ni 20 T 0 05 base only Oil lubricating thick coating 20 T 0 82 Paint 8 different colors 70 LW 0 92 0 94 and qualities Paint 8 different colors 70 SW 0 88 0 96 and qualities Paint Aluminum various 50 100 T 0 27 0 67 ages Paint cadmium yellow T 0 28 0 33 Paint chrome green T 0 65 0 70 Paint cobalt blue T 0 7 0 8 Paint oi 17 SW 0 87 Paint oil black flat 20 SW 0 94 Paint oil black gloss 20 SW 0 92 Paint oil gray flat 20 SW 0 97 Paint oil gray gloss 20 SW 0 96 Paint oil various colors 100 T 0 92 0 96 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 115 15 Emissivity tables Paint oil based average 100 T 0 94 2 of 16 colors Paint plastic black 20 SW 0 95 6 Paint plastic white 20 SW 0 84 6 Paper 4 different co
67. emperature of the tape using one of the following measurement functions a Isotherm helps you to determine both the temperature and how evenly you have heated the sample Spot simpler Box Avg good for surfaces with varying emissivity Write down the temperature Move your measurement function to the sample surface Change the emissivity setting until you read the same temperature as your previous measure ment Note 82 Write down the emissivity Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 11 Thermographic measurement techniques Avoid forced convection Look for a thermally stable surrounding that will not generate spot reflections Use high quality tape that you know is not transparent and has a high emissivity you are certain of This method assumes that the temperature of your tape and the sample surface are the same If they are not your emissivity measurement will be wrong 11 3 Reflected apparent temperature This parameter is used to compensate for the radiation reflected in the object If the emissivity is low and the object temperature relatively far from that of the reflected it will be important to set and compensate for the reflected apparent temperature cor rectly 11 4 Distance The distance is the distance between the object and the front lens of the camera This parameter is used to compensate for the following two facts That radiation from the target
68. en floating point format fpf Converts 16 bit absolute pixels into temperature pixels and several intermediate types of pixels formats for maximum user flexibility Applies to all camera models with temperature measurement capabilities Allows 16 bit temperature linear outputs from ThermoVision A20 M A40 M FireWire cameras and ThermoVision A320 A320G cameras Includes method that allows using individual emissivity value correction on any single pixel or condensed measuring value e g average minimum etc Supports conditional recording to file through FireWire or Ethernet interfaces 3 2 New features compared to ThermoVision SDK 2 5 SR 1 Support for ThermaCAM SC640 ThermoVision A320 and ThermoVision A320G 3 3 True Temperature Analysis ThermoVision SDK is a set of methods and events to manage the communications with a FLIR Systems IR camera in digital mode It provides the functions needed to Setup communications between your application and the FLIR Systems IR camera Capture and gather images via FireWire and Ethernet interfaces Adjust the camera configuration parameters and focus as you view a live image Control the camera calibration Send any other camera command to the camera Generate a true temperature image from a 16 bit image acquired from the FireWire and Ethernet interfaces Close the communications to the IR camera Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009
69. er input power linear camera We can then write Equation 1 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 99 14 The measurement formula U CW source Tara or with simplified notation U ource CW source source where C is a constant Should the source be a graybody with emittance the received radiation would consequently be W ource We are now ready to write the three collected radiation power terms 1 Emission from the object TWop where is the emittance of the object and T is the transmittance of the atmosphere The object temperature is Topj 2 Reflected emission from ambient sources 1 TW ef where 1 is the re flectance of the object The ambient sources have the temperature T efl It has here been assumed that the temperature Tr is the same for all emitting surfaces within the halfsphere seen from a point on the object surface This is of course sometimes a simplification of the true situation It is however a necessary simplification in order to derive a workable formula and T _ can at least theoretically be given a value that represents an efficient temperature of a complex surrounding Note also that we have assumed that the emittance for the surroundings 1 This is correct in accordance with Kirchhoff s law All radiation impinging on the surrounding surfaces will eventually be absorbed by the same surfaces Thus the emittance
70. er port The printer port LPT option is only available on Windows 95 98 ME platforms This trig source option uses a control signal on a free LPT port The LPT port has a TTL electrical interface Trig input using LPT1 or LPT2 DSUB 25 pin printer port Pin 10 Trig Input Open circuit high 2 4 V to 5 V Transition High gt low trig Pin 22 Ground Closing 10 22 trig The LPT1 port is normally associated with the physical hexadecimal address 378 and the LPT2 port is associated with address 278 The camera control assumes that this is the case Check your parallel port configuration in the Control Panel System icon to find out the physical address associated with the parallel port 7 4 9 Using the camera control with recorded images After recording an image sequence at high speed you probably want to process it Connect using file device and no communications interface Select the same camera type that was used for the recording Use property 53 to set a new IR image source file either a single snapshot image or a sequence file and then use the method Getlmage as usual If the the IR source is a sequence file then each call made to Getlmage will deliver the next image in the sequence Use property 76 to find out how many images there are in the sequence file Use property 77 in order to jump to a specific image in the sequence If property 78 is setto 1 then the Getlmage method will wrap around to the first ima
71. ermocouple to measure reflected apparent temperature is not recom mended for two important reasons A thermocouple does not measure radiation intensity A thermocouple requires a very good thermal contact to the surface usually by gluing and covering the sensor by a thermal isolator 11 2 1 1 2 Method 2 Reflector method 1 Crumble up a large piece of aluminum foil 2 Uncrumble the aluminum foil and attach it to a piece of cardboard of the same size 3 Put the piece of cardboard in front of the object you want to measure Make sure that the side with aluminum foil points to the camera 4 Set the emissivity to 1 0 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 81 11 Thermographic measurement techniques 5 Measure the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil and write it down 10727003 a2 4 NM Figure 11 4 Measuring the apparent temperature of the aluminum foil 2 Step 2 Determining the emissivity Select a place to put the sample Determine and set reflected apparent temperature according to the previous procedure Put a piece of electrical tape with known high emissivity on the sample Heat the sample at least 20 K above room temperature Heating must be reasonably even Focus and auto adjust the camera and freeze the image Adjust Level and Span for best image brightness and contrast Set emissivity to that of the tape usually 0 97 Measure the t
72. ernal shutter is pulled and adjust its own temperature scale once to the current image It is highly recommended to use the Int Image Correction function now and then since it im proves the image quality Select the Auto shutter option if you want an automatic in ternal image correction This automated process can be disabled as it may affect the recording of images When you switch it off a warning will appear on the status field of the control This warning will become red if you leave it switched off for a long time NOTE There is a related function in the Image menu on the standard toolbar and on the scaling toolbar That function is called Auto Adjust It will continuously adjust the scale to the image locally within the PC At the bottom of the Cam tab there are three focus buttons Near focus auto focus and far focus If noise reduction is set to Low or High it will blur the image of moving objects The camera control will block the camera power down function to ensure proper op eration during image recording To prevent the camera from shutting down when disconnected make sure that the power down timeout is disabled in the camera 10566703 a1 P60 Firewire 3 Man Cam Dev E4 r IV Show graphics Framerate 500H2 z Camera Info Device Status Fefe Connected 0 Figure 7 5 ThermaCAM S series FireWire dialog box Select the desired frame rate from the list bo
73. eturn VARIANT in order to determine the image size The image consists of pixels of a certain type see below which you specify in the call to acquire an image The image returned is row oriented and structured as a 2 dimensional array If anything goes wrong the return VARIANT will only contain a 16 bit error code SEE ALSO For more information about error codes see section 8 3 9 GetError Method on page 62 32 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide To acquire a correct temperature image using an Ethernet 8 bit camera interface you ll need to set the adjust method to either Brightness or Contrast Brigthness Currently this setting must be made directly in the camera using the camera menu system A correct temperature image cannot be produced if the adjust method is based on an image histogram Use the Getlmages method to acquire more than one image at a time Before calling this method you need to allocate memory for each image Each memory chunk should have at least the image size of the current camera type Use the image type and the properties for image width 66 and image height 67 in order to determine the correct image size in bytes The Getlmages method expects a one dimensional array of 32 bit image pointers where each pointer points to a pre allocated image 7 4 8 How to trigger a recording from outside The parallel interface has a trig input connector which is the default trig s
74. formation from it The events can tell you that something important has happened for instance that the user has pressed the disconnect button The distinction between methods and properties is quite subtle Properties can be assigned one single value which methods normally can not Methods can take pa rameters which properties normally can not The intermediate case a property with parameters exists and is handled by this guide as a method because that is the way in which it is regarded by Visual Basic The purpose of this manual is to explain how to use the camera control 7 2 About using multiple FireWire cameras The FireWire protocol allows you to run and operate more than one camera using the FireWire bus in your computer However in order to avoid problems when changing frame rate all cameras connected to the FireWire bus need to support the following camera software Camera model basedisk version whieh contains ThermaCAM S40 S60 2 0 4 June 27th 2003 appl 2 4 4 edit 1 ThermoVision A20 A40 1 0 3 April 29th 2003 appl 1 0 2 edit 2 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 25 7 User guide 7 3 About using a FireWire camera with Windows XP SP 2 In order to work properly together with a PC with Windows XP Service Pack 2 the camera needs to support at least the following camera software Camera model basedisk version which contains ThermaCAM S40 S
75. formatted error string Syntax errorString object GetError errCode Object Description Control object name For example CamCtrl errorString errCode Status or error code BSTR Short Explanation Error string depending on er rCode Return code from other methods 0 OK No error 1 Unspecified error 1 Device not present 2 Device busy 3 Device driver missing 4 Device driver must be updated 5 Failed to load device firmware 6 Failed to configure device Resource conflict 8 Service Control Manager error 9 Failed to establish a camera control connection 10 Control connection closed 11 Cannot allocate image buffer 12 Invalid image 18 Device hardware error 14 Timeout waiting for image 62 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Status or error Explanation code Camera configuration error Image acquisition aborted Image source is not initiated Failed to initiate device Failed to open or access file File media full File format not recognized Known temperature is too close to reflected temperature Known and shown temperature are on different sides of reflected temperature Requested function not supported Invalid parameter 8 3 10 Getlmage Method Gets a row oriented image from the camera If successful a memory block will be allocated for the image pixels and it is the responsi
76. g bluish white light radiates with the peak of spectral radiant emittance occurring within the invisible ultraviolet spectrum at wavelength 0 27 um 10399403 a1 Figure 13 5 Wilhelm Wien 1864 1928 The sun approx 6 000 K emits yellow light peaking at about 0 5 um in the middle of the visible light spectrum At room temperature 300 K the peak of radiant emittance lies at 9 7 um in the far infrared while at the temperature of liquid nitrogen 77 K the maximum of the almost insignificant amount of radiant emittance occurs at 38 um in the extreme infrared wavelengths Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 93 13 Theory of thermography 10327203 a4 10 104 10 Figure 13 6 Planckian curves plotted on semi log scales from 100 K to 1000 K The dotted line represents the locus of maximum radiant emittance at each temperature as described by Wien s displacement law 1 Spectral radiant emittance W cm um 2 Wavelength um 13 3 3 Stefan Boltzmann s law By integrating Planck s formula from A 0 to A we obtain the total radiant emittance Wy of a blackbody W b oT Watt m This is the Stefan Boltzmann formula after Josef Stefan 1835 1893 and Ludwig Boltzmann 1844 1906 which states that the total emissive power of a blackbody is proportional to the fourth power of its absolute temperature Graphically W represents the area below the Planck
77. ge after reading the last image in the sequence If the IR source file is a single image then each call to Getlmage will naturally produce the same image If no source file has been set then a test image will be returned 7 4 10 Snapshot image acquisition uing TCP IP There is a way to record single images without using an image source device Camera type 5 ThermoVision A20 A40 and camera type 11 and 12 ThermoVision A320 A320G that have an Ethernet interface can be used in this way Connect using File device as image source and TCP IP or iPort PT1000 as control communications interface Don t forget to specify correct camera type and camera network address Use the property number 91 to set the desired camera file format Formats 0 and 1 will produce a JPEG image file with graphic dump and IR data format 2 produces a JPEG file with only a graphic dump and format 3 and 4 will produce a FLIR proprietary image file Please note that the format 2 image files are ordinary JPEG files and cannot be used by the camera control File formats 0 2 can be viewed in any JPEG compliant image browser software 34 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide 7 4 11 Image acquisition scenarios Below are a number of typical image acquisition scenarios These scenarios will give you a hint on the preferred way to acquire and process images 7 4 11 1 Live image scenario all camera types Connect Wait
78. hich are determined solely by the temperature of the cavity Such cavity radiators are commonly used as sources of radiation in temperature reference standards in the laboratory for calibrating thermo graphic instruments such as a FLIR Systems camera for example 90 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 Theory of thermography If the temperature of blackbody radiation increases to more than 525 C 977 F the source begins to be visible so that it appears to the eye no longer black This is the incipient red heat temperature of the radiator which then becomes orange or yellow as the temperature increases further In fact the definition of the so called color temperature of an object is the temperature to which a blackbody would have to be heated to have the same appearance Now consider three expressions that describe the radiation emitted from a blackbody 13 3 1 Planck s law 10399203 a1 Figure 13 3 Max Planck 1858 1947 Max Planck 1858 1947 was able to describe the spectral distribution of the radiation from a blackbody by means of the following formula Ihe x 10 Watt m um Blackbody spectral radiant emittance at wavelength A Velocity of light 2 3 x 108 m s Planck s constant 6 6 x 1034 Joule sec Boltzmann s constant 1 4 x 10 23 Joule K Absolute temperature K of a blackbody Wavelength um Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2
79. hite shiny T 0 70 0 75 Rubber hard 20 T 0 95 Rubber soft gray rough 20 iT 0 95 Sand T 0 60 Sand 20 T 0 90 Sandstone polished 19 LLW 0 909 Sandstone rough 19 LLW 0 935 Silver polished 100 T 0 03 Silver pure polished 200 600 T 0 02 0 03 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 117 15 Emissivity tables Skin human 32 T 0 98 2 Slag boiler 0 100 T 0 97 0 93 1 Slag boiler 200 500 T 0 89 0 78 1 Slag boiler 600 1200 T 0 76 0 70 1 Slag boiler 1400 1800 T 0 69 0 67 1 Snow See Water Soil dry 20 T 0 92 2 Soil saturated with wa 20 T 0 95 2 ter Stainless steel alloy 8 Ni 18 500 T 0 35 1 Cr Stainless steel rolled 700 T 0 45 1 Stainless steel sandblasted 700 T 0 70 1 Stainless steel sheet polished 70 LW 0 14 9 Stainless steel sheet polished 70 SW 0 18 9 Stainless steel sheet untreated 70 LW 0 28 9 somewhat scratched Stainless steel sheet untreated 70 SW 0 30 9 somewhat scratched Stainless steel type 18 8 buffed 20 T 0 16 2 Stainless steel type 18 8 oxi 60 T 0 85 2 dized at 800 C Stucco rough lime 10 90 T 0 91 1 Styrofoam insulation 37 SW 0 60 7 Tar T 0 79 0 84 1 Tar paper 20 T 0 91 0 93 1 Tile glazed 17 SW 0 94 5 Tin burnished 20 50 T 0 04 0 06 1 Tin tin plated sheet 100 T 0 07 2 iron 118 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Titan
80. ics like the FLIR Systems algorithm Of course there must be a limit to such extrapolations 102 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 14 The measurement formula 10400603 a2 0 C 32 F 20 C 68 F 50 C 122 F At Refl 0 6 Atm Refl 0 8 Figure 14 3 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions SW camera 1 Object temperature 2 Emittance Obj Object radiation Refl Reflected radiation Atm atmosphere radiation Fixed parameters T 0 88 T ef 20 C 68 F Tatm 20 C 68 F Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 103 14 The measurement formula 10400703 a2 0 C 32 F 20 C 68 F 50 C 122 F 0 6 0 8 Figure 14 4 Relative magnitudes of radiation sources under varying measurement conditions LW camera 1 Object temperature 2 Emittance Obj Object radiation Refl Reflected radiation Atm atmosphere radiation Fixed parameters T 0 88 T ef 20 C 68 F Tatm 20 C 68 F 104 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables This section presents a compilation of emissivity data from the infrared literature and measurements made by FLIR Systems 15 1 References Mika l A Bramson Infrared Radiation A Handbook for Applications Plenum press N Y William L Wolfe George J Zissis The Inf
81. images with requested pixel type imageType imageWidth Short 0 Absolute image pixels 16 bit unsigned integer 2 Object signal pixels single precision float 3 Temperature pixels single precision float 4 Relative image pixels 8 bit unsigned integer Image width in pixels imageHeight Image height in pixels image 8 3 14 SetCameraProperty Method Set specific camera property Number of images to record SEE ALSO For details about which properties can be modified see section 8 3 8 GetCameraProperty Method on page 54 Syntax Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 65 8 Reference section Status Object SetCameraProperty Id Property Description Control object name For example CamCtrl Short Return code Short Camera property id SEE ALSO For details about which properties can be modified see section 8 3 8 GetCameraProperty Method on page 54 Property VARIANT Camera property value 8 3 15 Setlmage Method Sets an image with absolute image pixel data The image should be row oriented Syntax Status Object Setlmage image Description Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Image VARIANT A 2 dimensional array with abso lute image pixels in 16 bit un signed integer format Status Return code 8 3 16 SetEmissMap Method Set an image emissivity correction map The correct
82. ion map should be row oriented and of the same size as the current image size Use property 82 to enable or disable the correction function The emissivity correction is applied when a temperature image is requested and the source image is a 16 bit signal image The emissivity correction can be used when your source image has objects with highly varying emissivity factors Syntax Status Object SetEmissMap Map ee meinen Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Status Short Return code 66 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description VARIANT A 2 dimensional array with emissivity values in float format one for each image pixel The individual emissivity values must be in the range 0 01 to 1 00 8 3 17 SetDistanceMap Method Set an image distance correction map The correction map should be row oriented and of the same size as the current image size Use property 82 to enable or disable the correction function The distance correction is applied when a temperature image is requested and the source image is a 16 bit signal image The distance correction can be used when your source image has objects with varying distance factors This method will overwrite any existing emissivity correction map Syntax Status Object SetDistanceMap Map Description Control object name For example CamCtrl Short Return code VARIANT A 2 dimensional arr
83. ium oxidized at 540 C 200 T 0 40 1 Titanium oxidized at 540 C 500 T 0 50 1 Titanium oxidized at 540 C 1000 T 0 60 1 Titanium polished 200 T 0 15 1 Titanium polished 500 T 0 20 1 Titanium polished 1000 RD 0 36 1 Tungsten 200 T 0 05 1 Tungsten 600 1000 Jp 0 1 0 16 1 Tungsten 1500 2200 T 0 24 0 31 1 Tungsten filament 3300 P 0 39 1 Varnish flat 20 SW 0 93 6 Varnish on oak parquet 70 LW 0 90 0 93 9 floor Varnish on oak parquet 70 SW 0 90 9 floor Wallpaper slight pattern light 20 SW 0 85 6 gray Wallpaper slight pattern red 20 SW 0 90 6 Water distilled 20 T 0 96 2 Water frost crystals 10 T 0 98 2 Water ice covered with 0 T 0 98 1 heavy frost Water ice smooth 10 T 0 96 2 Water ice smooth 0 T 0 97 1 Water layer 20 1 mm 0 100 T 0 95 0 98 1 thick Water snow T 0 8 1 Water snow 10 T 0 85 2 Wood 17 Sw 0 98 5 Wood 19 LLW 0 962 8 Wood ground T 0 5 0 7 1 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 119 15 Emissivity tables pine 4 different samples pine 4 different samples planed planed oak 70 20 20 0 81 0 89 0 67 0 75 0 8 0 9 0 90 planed oak 70 0 88 planed oak 70 0 77 plywood smooth dry 36 0 82 plywood untreat ed 20 0 83 white damp 20 0 7 0 8 oxidized at 400 C 400 0 11 120 oxidized surface polished sheet 1000 1200 200 300 50 0 50 0 60 0 04 0 05
84. k interface supporting at least Fast Ethernet 100 Mbit s 6 4 Ethernet bandwidth requirements Itis important to understand that the cameras in this configuration will stream uncom pressed digital video data on the network This will consume a lot of bandwidth and can affect the normal network traffic causing congestions and slow response 22 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration It is strongly recommended that you configure your network so that the digital video packet data does not affect any normal Ethernet traffic Small local area networks designated for video streaming is recommended These networks can either be Fast Ethernet or Gigabit Ethernet networks depending on the camera model see figure below Figure 6 3 Network type recommendations Camera model Bandwidth requirement Network recommendation Merlin 60 Hz 100 Mbit s Use Gigabit Ethernet Omega 30 Hz 12 Mbit s Use Fast Ethernet Phoenix 60 Hz 100 Mbit s Use Gigabit Ethernet Resolution 320 x 256 Phoenix 60 Hz 400 Mbit s Use Gigabit Ethernet Resolution 640 x 512 e 6 5 Troubleshooting the standard Ethernet interface installation To work properly the configuration needs Windows 2000 XP Vista 32 bit Any network interface supporting at least Fast Ethernet 100 Mbit s An iPortTM PT1000 IDG frame grabber with firmware version 3 8 or later A Pentium 4 computer wi
85. l oxidized strongly 500 P 0 98 1 Iron and steel polished 100 T 0 07 2 Iron and steel polished 400 1000 T 0 14 0 38 1 Iron and steel polished sheet 750 1050 JT 0 52 0 56 1 Iron and steel rolled freshly 20 T 0 24 1 Iron and steel rolled sheet 50 T 0 56 1 Iron and steel rough plane sur 50 T 0 95 0 98 1 face Iron and steel rusted heavily 17 SW 0 96 5 Iron and steel rusted red sheet 22 T 0 69 4 Iron and steel rusty red 20 T 0 69 1 Iron and steel shiny etched 150 T 0 16 1 Iron and steel shiny oxide layer 20 T 0 82 1 sheet Iron and steel wrought carefully 40 250 T 0 28 1 polished Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 70 LW 0 85 9 Iron galvanized heavily oxidized 70 SW 0 64 9 Iron galvanized sheet 92 T 0 07 4 Iron galvanized sheet burnished 30 T 0 23 1 Iron galvanized sheet oxidized 20 T 0 28 1 112 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Iron tinned sheet 24 T 0 064 4 Krylon Ultra flat Flat black Room temperature LW Ca 0 96 12 black 1602 up to 175 Krylon Ultra flat Flat black Room temperature MW Ca 0 97 12 black 1602 up to 175 Lacquer 3 colors sprayed 70 LW 0 92 0 94 9 on Aluminum Lacquer 3 colors sprayed 70 SW 0 50 0 53 9 on Aluminum Lacquer Aluminum on 20 T 0 4 1 rough surface Lacquer bakelite 80 T 0 83 1 Lacquer black dull 40 100 T 0 96 0 98 1 Lacquer black matte 100 T 0 97 2 Lacquer black shiny 20 T 0 87 1 sprayed on iron Lacquer h
86. let us say in the form of a thick flat plate of plastic material When the plate is heated radiation generated within its volume must work its way toward the surfaces through the material in which it is partially absorbed Moreover when it arrives at the surface some of it is reflected back into the interior The back reflected radiation is again partially absorbed but Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 97 13 Theory of thermography some of it arrives at the other surface through which most of it escapes part of it is reflected back again Although the progressive reflections become weaker and weaker they must all be added up when the total emittance of the plate is sought When the resulting geometrical series is summed the effective emissivity of a semi transparent plate is obtained as t 0 7 10 7 A When the plate becomes opaque this formula is reduced to the single formula amp 1 p This last relation is a particularly convenient one because it is often easier to measure reflectance than to measure emissivity directly 98 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 14 The measurement formula As already mentioned when viewing an object the camera receives radiation not only from the object itself It also collects radiation from the surroundings reflected via the object surface Both these radiation contributions become attenuated to some extent by the
87. lors 70 LW 0 92 0 94 9 Paper 4 different colors 70 SW 0 68 0 74 9 Paper black io 0 90 1 Paper black dull T 0 94 1 Paper black dull 70 LW 0 89 9 Paper black dull 70 SW 0 86 9 Paper blue dark T 0 84 1 Paper coated with black T 0 93 1 lacquer Paper green T 0 85 1 Paper red T 0 76 1 Paper white 20 T 0 7 0 9 1 Paper white 3 different 70 LW 0 88 0 90 9 glosses Paper white 3 different 70 SW 0 76 0 78 9 glosses Paper white bond 20 T 0 93 2 Paper yellow 1 0 72 1 Plaster 17 SW 0 86 5 Plaster plasterboard un 20 SW 0 90 6 treated Plaster rough coat 20 T 0 91 2 Plastic glass fibre lami 70 LW 0 91 9 nate printed circ board Plastic glass fibre lami 70 SW 0 94 9 nate printed circ board 116 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Plastic polyurethane isola 70 LW 0 55 tion board Plastic polyurethane isola 70 SW 0 29 tion board Plastic PVC plastic floor 70 LW 0 93 dull structured Plastic PVC plastic floor 70 SW 0 94 dull structured Platinum 17 T 0 016 Platinum 22 T 0 03 Platinum 100 T 0 05 Platinum 260 T 0 06 Platinum 538 T 0 10 Platinum 1000 1500 T 0 14 0 18 Platinum 1094 T 0 18 Platinum pure polished 200 600 F 0 05 0 10 Platinum ribbon 900 1100 T 0 12 0 17 Platinum wire 50 200 T 0 06 0 07 Platinum wire 500 1000 T 0 10 0 16 Platinum wire 1400 T 0 18 Porcelain glazed 20 T 0 92 Porcelain w
88. mmand to the camera ToTemperature Method Converts a given absolute pixel value to tempera ture in Kelvin 3 5 System requirements ThermoVision SDK requires Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 3 ThermoVision SDK overview Windows 2000 SP 4 Windows XP Windows Vista Ethernet or FireWire interface DirectX 8 1 or higher installed on your computer An IDE Integrated Developer s Environment which understands ActiveX compo DH nents e g Visual Basic or Visual C 3 6 Recommended cameras ThermoVision A20 V FireWire ThermoVision A20 V Ethernet ThermoVision A20 M FireWire ThermoVision A20 M Ethernet ThermoVision A40 V Composite ThermoVision A40 V Ethernet ThermoVision A40 V FireWire ThermoVision A40 M Ethernet ThermoVision A40 M FireWire Omega Merlin and Phoenix cameras ThermaCAM S60 S65 ThermaCAM S40 S45 ThermaCAM SC640 CPA 8200 CPA 8000 ThermoVision A320G ThermoVision A320 If in doubt please contact your local FLIR Systems distributor Contact information can be found at http www flirtthermography com 3 7 Necessary software amp hardware 3 7 1 FLIR Systems software ThermoVision SDK P N T197038 Purchase information can be found at http www flirthermography com 3 7 2 Intel Gigabit Ethernet network adapter To achieve optimum speed image transfer using Indigo cameras ThermoVision A320G
89. much stronger in the first case Should also the object emittance be low the situation would be still more difficult We have finally to answer a question about the importance of being allowed to use the calibration curve above the highest calibration point what we call extrapolation Imagine that we in a certain case measure Uo 4 5 volts The highest calibration point for the camera was in the order of 4 1 volts a value unknown to the operator Thus even if the object happened to be a blackbody i e Uopj Ui we are actually performing extrapolation of the calibration curve when converting 4 5 volts into tem perature Let us now assume that the object is not black it has an emittance of 0 75 and the transmittance is 0 92 We also assume that the two second terms of Equation 4 amount to 0 5 volts together Computation of Uopj by means of Equation 4 then results in Uopj 4 5 0 75 0 92 0 5 6 0 This is a rather extreme extrapolation particularly when considering that the video amplifier might limit the output to 5 volts Note though that the application of the calibration curve is a theoretical procedure where no elec tronic or other limitations exist We trust that if there had been no signal limitations in the camera and if it had been calibrated far beyond 5 volts the resulting curve would have been very much the same as our real curve extrapolated beyond 4 1 volts pro vided the calibration algorithm is based on radiation phys
90. nd out how many images there are in the sequence file Use property 77 in order to jump to a specific image in the sequence If property 78 is set to 1 then the Getlmage method will wrap around to the first image after reading the last image in the sequence Property 79 is an option only valid for ThermoVision A20 cameras If set then images recorded on disk will consume less disk space 39 kB instead of 152 kB Property 82 enables or disables the emissivity correction function Before enabling this function you should use the SetEmissMap method to define a specific emissivity correction factor for each image pixel After the correction function has been enabled each temperature image will be corrected using the correction map Please observe that this function has effect only when requesting an absolute temperature image Properties 83 and 84 control the ownership of scaling and object parameters These properties should be set before connecting to the camera If set then the camera control will use saved registry settings for scaling and and object parameters and also try to transfer these settings to the connected camera If not set the camera control Will if possible use the scaling and object parameters from the image source camera or file Property 85 can be used to suppress popup dialog boxes Set this property to 1 for silent mode no popups Property 86 is a read only property to find out if the camera can perform auto focus
91. nd will be captured of the target in question Full frame rate corre sponds to either 50 PAL or 60 NTSC images per second depending on video mode Set user friendly names on the camera NUC tables by using the Edit NUC table button You can also add more items to the name list in case the camera contains more than the default number of NUC tables 7 5 5 Indigo Omega Camera Control This control panel is used for Indigo Omega cameras 10569803 a1 Omega iPort x Dynamic range control Automatic x Automatic flat field corr Flat field correction Connected 0 Figure 7 9 Omega iPort camera control tab If a button is disabled on your camera control it is because your particular camera does not support that function 44 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide The Dynamic range control contains a list of the available modes for range control The camera has two modes one for low temperature scenes below 150 C and one mode for high temperature scenes up to 500 C If the camera has the optional au tomatic dynamic range control feature then an automatic mode is also available If you click the Flat field correction button on the control panel the camera will re spond by making a clicking sound when the internal shutter is pulled and adjust its own correction coefficients It is highly recommended to use the Flat field correction function now and then
92. nio Bardella 320 CEP 18085 852 Sorocaba Sao Paulo BRAZIL Phone 55 15 3238 8070 Fax 55 15 3238 8071 E mail flir flir com br Web www flir com CANADA FLIR Systems 5230 South Service Road Suite 125 Burlington ON L7L 5K2 CANADA Phone 1 800 613 0507 ext 30 Fax 905 639 5488 E mail IRCanada flir com Web www flir com CHINA FLIR Systems Beijing Representative Office Room 509 Building C Vantone Center No A 6 Chaoyangmenwai Ave Chaoyang District Beijing 100020 PRG Phone 86 10 5979 7755 Fax 86 10 8532 2460 E mail beijing flir com cn Web www flir com CHINA FLIR Systems Shanghai Representative Office Room 6311 West Building Jin Jiang Hotel 59 Maoming Road South Shanghai 200020 PRC Phone 86 21 5466 0286 Fax 86 21 5466 0289 E mail shanghai flir com cn Web www flir com CHINA FLIR Systems Guangzhou Representative Office 1105 Main Tower Guang Dong International Hotel 339 Huanshi Dong Road Guangzhou 510098 PREG Phone 86 20 8333 7492 Fax 86 20 8331 0976 E mail guangzhou flir com cn Web www flir com FRANCE FLIR Systems 10 rue Guynemer 92130 Issy les Moulineaux Cedex FRANCE Phone 33 0 1 41 33 97 97 Fax 33 0 1 47 36 18 32 E mail info flir fr Web www flir com GERMANY FLIR Systems Berner Strasse 81 D 60437 Frankfurt am Main GERMANY Phone 49 0 69 95 00 900 Fax 49 0 69 95 00 9040 E mail info flir de Web www fli
93. nsfer mode You should always dis connect the camera before shutting down your application Syntax Status Object Disconnect ee eine Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Status Short Return status code 8 3 4 DoCameraAction Method Perform a specific camera action as listed below Syntax Status Object DoCameraAction Action eee Object Control object name For example CamCtrl Status Short Return status code 52 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description Action Short Action codes Set recording condition proper ties ID 27 40 before starting a recording 8 3 5 EmissCalc Method 0 Start recording 1 Stop recording 2 Enable recording 3 Disable recording 4 Pause recording 5 Resume paused recording 6 Single snapshot recording 7 Show recording settings dia log box 8 Internal image correction shutter maneuver 9 External image correction 10 Auto adjust 11 Clear list of recorded files 12 Auto focus 13 Show camera information dialog box 14 Show device status dialog box 15 Reload calibration from camera 16 Simulate recording key trig 19 Save camera settings file camera type 4 and 5 20 Restore settings file cam era types 4 and 5 Calculates a new emissivity factor for a specified pixel The image pixel position and a known temperature for this position are
94. nsferable It is not applicable to any product which has been subjected to misuse neglect accident or abnormal conditions of operation Expendable parts are excluded from the warranty In the case of a defect in a product covered by this warranty the product must not be further used in order to prevent additional damage The purchaser shall promptly report any defect to FLIR Systems or this warranty will not apply FLIR Systems will at its option repair or replace any such defective product free of charge if upon inspection it proves to be defective in material or workmanship and provided that it is returned to FLIR Systems within the said one year period FLIR Systems has no other obligation or liability for defects than those set forth above No other warranty is expressed or implied FLIR Systems specifically disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose FLIR Systems shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential loss or damage whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory Copyright FLIR Systems 2009 All rights reserved worldwide No parts of the software including source code may be reproduced transmitted transcribed or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means electronic magnetic optical manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of FLIR Systems This manual must not in whole or par
95. nverter received the greatest attention by the military because it enabled an observer for the first time in history to literally see in the dark However the sensitivity of the image converter was limited to the near infrared wavelengths and the most interesting military targets i e enemy soldiers had to be illuminated by infrared search beams Since this involved the risk of giving away the observer s position to a similarly equipped enemy observer it is understandable that military interest in the image converter eventually faded The tactical military disadvantages of so called active i e search beam equipped thermal imaging systems provided impetus following the 1939 45 war for extensive secret military infrared research programs into the possibilities of developing passive no search beam systems around the extremely sensitive photon detector During this period military secrecy regulations completely prevented disclosure of the status of infrared imaging technology This secrecy only began to be lifted in the middle of the 1950 s and from that time adequate thermal imaging devices finally began to be available to civilian science and industry 88 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 Theory of thermography 13 1 Introduction The subjects of infrared radiation and the related technique of thermography are still new to many who will use an infrared camera In this section the theory behind ther
96. ol 34 T 0 006 ished Copper molten 1100 1300 T 0 13 0 15 Copper oxidized 50 T 0 6 0 7 Copper oxidized black 27 1 0 78 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 109 15 Emissivity tables Copper oxidized heavily 20 T 0 78 Copper oxidized to black T 0 88 ness Copper polished 50 100 T 0 02 Copper polished 100 T 0 03 Copper polished commer 27 T 0 03 cial Copper polished mechan 22 T 0 015 ical Copper pure carefully 22 T 0 008 prepared surface Copper scraped 27 T 0 07 Copper dioxide powder T 0 84 Copper oxide red powder T 0 70 Ebonite T 0 89 Emery coarse 80 F 0 85 Enamel 20 T 0 9 Enamel lacquer 20 T 0 85 0 95 Fiber board hard untreated 20 SW 0 85 Fiber board masonite 70 LW 0 88 Fiber board masonite 70 SW 0 75 Fiber board particle board 70 LW 0 89 Fiber board particle board 70 SW 0 77 Fiber board porous untreated 20 SW 0 85 Gold polished 130 i 0 018 Gold polished carefully 200 600 T 0 02 0 03 Gold polished highly 100 T 0 02 Granite polished 20 LLW 0 849 Granite rough 21 LLW 0 879 Granite rough 4 different 70 LW 0 77 0 87 samples 110 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15 Emissivity tables Granite rough 4 different 70 SW 0 95 0 97 9 samples Gypsum 20 T 0 8 0 9 1 Ice See Water Iron cast casting 50
97. on is a function of object surface temperature makes it possible for the camera to calculate and display this temperature However the radiation measured by the camera does not only depend on the tem perature of the object but is also a function of the emissivity Radiation also originates from the surroundings and is reflected in the object The radiation from the object and the reflected radiation will also be influenced by the absorption of the atmosphere To measure temperature accurately it is therefore necessary to compensate for the effects of a number of different radiation sources This is done on line automatically by the camera The following object parameters must however be supplied for the camera The emissivity of the object The reflected apparent temperature The distance between the object and the camera The relative humidity Temperature of the atmosphere 11 2 Emissivity The most important object parameter to set correctly is the emissivity which in short is a measure of how much radiation is emitted from the object compared to that from a perfect blackbody of the same temperature Normally object materials and surface treatments exhibit emissivity ranging from approximately 0 1 to 0 95 A highly polished mirror surface falls below 0 1 while an oxidized or painted surface has a higher emissivity Oil based paint regardless of color in the visible spectrum has an emissivity over 0 9 in the infrared H
98. onnected to the camera In this case the camera control is probably only used to establish a control connection with the camera That means using device type None 2 when connecting to the camera 36 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide The image provided must be row oriented and structured as a 2 dimensional array with absolute pixels in 16 bit integer format The array dimensions can be of any size Subsequent calls to Getlmage will return this new image 7 4 14 Talking directly to the camera Submits a direct control command to the camera The response from the camera is returned in the CamCmdReply event Do not use the method SubmitCamCommand for camera types 4 5 11 and 12 For these camera types you should use camera properties 63 and 64 Each type of camera has a set of commands of which only a subset is exposed through the camera control In order to use these direct methods you need to have a description of available commands for your specific camera The properties available for ThermoVision A320 are described in the document ICD A320 Camera PC 7 4 15 Using emissivity correction maps The method SetEmissMap can be used for emissivity correction on temperature im ages Use the method SetEmissMap to define an emissivity map which should be equal to the size of the IR source image Each correction factor in the emissivity map may be in the range from 0 01 to 1 00 Use proper
99. ource In addition a free COM port or a LPT port can be used as the external trig source These are mainly intended for usage with the PC Card interface The external trig increments a trig counter which is stored with each image For COM or LPT trigs the counter only counts one trig pulse per image The source for the external trig is selected from the Recording Conditions dialog box in the camera control panels 7 4 8 1 External trig using FireWire In ThermoVision A20 and A40 cameras you can mark image frames at the instant an alarm was triggered By doing so certain trigger information is assigned to the image and the frame can be then identified in the FireWire data stream by the camera control You can for example use this trigger information to make the camera control start or stop a recording 7 4 8 2 External trig using the serial port This trig source option uses the CTS input line on a free COM port The COM port has an RS 232 electrical interface Trig input using COM port DSUB 25 Transition Low 3 V to High gt 3 V trig Pin 5 Trig Input Close pin 4 and 5 to trig DSUB 9 Transition Low 3 V to High gt 3 V trig Pin 8 Trig Input Close pin 7 and 8 to trig SEE ALSO For a more detailed description of the electrical interface read the RS 232 specification Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 33 7 User guide 7 4 8 3 External trig using the print
100. pleted Set your working environment object parameters and range Acquire absolute temperature image Use DoCameraAction 6 followed by Getlmage 3 Process and display your image Repeat step 4 and 5 as long as you like Disconnect 7 4 12 Using the camera control with recorded images After recording an image sequence at high speed you probably want to process it Connect using file device and no communications interface Select the same camera type that was used for the recording Use property 53 to set a new IR image source file either a single snapshot image or a sequence file and then use the method Getlmage as usual If the the IR source is a sequence file then each call made to Getlmage will deliver the next image in the sequence Use property 76 to find out how many images there are in the sequence file Use property 77 in order to jump to a specific image in the sequence If property 78 is setto 1 then the Getlmage method will wrap around to the first image after reading the last image in the sequence If the IR source file is a single image then each call to Getlmage will naturally produce the same image If no source file has been set then a test image will be returned 7 4 13 Pushing images into the camera control The method Setlmage can be used if you want to force the camera control to use a absolute pixel image The absolute pixel images are probably acquired using a third party digital frame grabber c
101. porting our customers 10 4 A few images from our facilities netten nntnnna 77 Thermographic measurement techniques sssssssse eene 79 11 1 Introduction zu 9 11 2 Emissivity es 79 11 2 1 Finding the emissivity of a sample sss 80 11 2 1 1 Step 1 Determining reflected apparent temperature 80 11 2 1 2 Step 2 Determining the emissivity 0 eee eens 82 11 3 Reflected apparent temperature ssssssssssseseeeeeneenneeenennenenre nnns 83 11 4 Distante ganien 83 11 5 Relative humidity 88 11 6 QUOT paratmelers coiere EEG ER ER ARR UE 83 History of infrared technology ssssssssene nennen nnns 85 Theory of thermography istia aeaa eene nnne nnn enne nnn 13 1 ol irero Sou PER CD UE a 13 2 The electromagnetic spectrum 13 35 Blackbody radiation 2 22 22 eren ve eee Dec re er a e eoe ceo as 19 324 Planckes AW ioc en ded pe re genet denies tne e Dex Resa 13 3 2 Wien s displacement laWi ipiis enne 92 13 8 8 Stefan Boltzmann s law sssssssseseeeeeeneneenennenenetnetn tnter tete nntnena 94 19 8 4 Non blackbodgy emitters ssssssssssseeeeeeeeeee eene 95 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 Xi 14 15 xii 13 4 Infrared semi transparent materials The measurement formula ssssssssssseeeeeeee eene nnne nnne nennen 99 Emissivity tables 15 1 Refe
102. r com GREAT BRITAIN FLIR Systems 2 Kings Hill Avenue Kings Hill West Malling Kent ME19 4AQ UNITED KINGDOM Phone 44 0 1732 220 011 Fax 44 0 1732 843 707 E mail sales flir uk com Web www flir com HONG KONG FLIR Systems Room 1613 15 Tower 2 Grand Central Plaza 138 Shatin Rural Committee Rd Shatin N T HONG KONG Phone 852 27 92 89 55 Fax 852 27 92 89 52 E mail flir flir com hk Web www flir com ITALY FLIR Systems Via L Manara 2 20051 Limbiate MI ITALY Phone 39 02 99 45 10 01 Fax 39 02 99 69 24 08 E mail info flir it Web www flir com FLIR JAPAN FLIR SYSTEMS Japan KK Nishi Gotanda Access 8F 3 6 20 Nishi Gotanda Shinagawa Ku Tokyo 141 0031 JAPAN Phone 81 3 6277 5681 Fax 81 3 6277 5682 E mail info flir jp Web www flir com SWEDEN FLIR Systems Worldwide Thermography Center P O Box 3 SE 182 11 Danderyd SWEDEN Phone 46 0 8 753 25 00 Fax 46 0 8 753 23 64 E mail sales flir se Web www flir com USA FLIR Systems Corporate headquarters 27700A SW Parkway Avenue Wilsonville OR 97070 USA Phone 1 503 498 3547 Web www flir com USA Primary sales amp service contact in USA FLIR Systems USA Thermography Center 25 Esquire Road North Billerica MA 01862 USA Phone 1 978 901 8000 Fax 1 978 901 8887 E mail marketing flir com Web www flir com USA FLIR Systems Indigo Operations 70 Castilian Dr
103. r models were able to be read to 0 05 C 0 09 F Then a breakthrough occurred Melloni connected a number of thermocouples in series to form the first thermopile The new device was at least 40 times as sensitive as the best thermometer of the day for detecting heat radiation capable of detecting the heat from a person standing three meters away The first so called heat picture became possible in 1840 the result of work by Sir John Herschel son of the discoverer of the infrared and a famous astronomer in his own right Based upon the differential evaporation of a thin film of oil when exposed to a heat pattern focused upon it the thermal image could be seen by reflected light where the interference effects of the oil film made the image visible to the eye Sir John also managed to obtain a primitive record of the thermal image on paper which he called a thermograph 10399003 a2 Figure 12 4 Samuel P Langley 1834 1906 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 87 12 History of infrared technology The improvement of infrared detector sensitivity progressed slowly Another major breakthrough made by Langley in 1880 was the invention of the bolometer This consisted of a thin blackened strip of platinum connected in one arm of a Wheatstone bridge circuit upon which the infrared radiation was focused and to which a sensitive galvanometer responded This instrument is said to have been able to dete
104. rared Handbook Office of Naval Research Department of Navy Washington D C Madding R P Thermographic Instruments and systems Madison Wisconsin Univer sity of Wisconsin Extension Department of Engineering and Applied Science William L Wolfe Handbook of Military Infrared Technology Office of Naval Research Department of Navy Washington D C Jones Smith Probert External thermography of buildings Proc of the Society of Photo Optical Instrumentation Engineers vol 110 Industrial and Civil Applications of Infrared Technology June 1977 London Paljak Pettersson Thermography of Buildings Swedish Building Research Institute Stockholm 1972 Vicek J Determination of emissivity with imaging radiometers and some emissivities at A 5 um Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing Kern Evaluation of infrared emission of clouds and ground as measured by weather satellites Defence Documentation Center AD 617 417 hman Claes Emittansm tningar med AGEMA E Box Teknisk rapport AGEMA 1999 Emittance measurements using AGEMA E Box Technical report AGEMA 1999 Mattei S Tang Kwor E Emissivity measurements for Nextel Velvet coating 811 21 between 36 C AND 82 C Lohrengel amp Todtenhaupt 1996 ITC Technical publication 32 ITC Technical publication 29 15 2 Important note about the emissivity tables The emissivity values in the table below are recorded using a
105. registered user It only takes a few minutes to register online If you only want to search the knowledge base for existing questions and answers you do not need to be a registered user When you want to submit a question make sure that you have the following informa tion to hand The camera model The camera serial number The communication protocol or method between the camera and your PC for example HDMI Ethernet USB or FireWire Operating system on your PC Microsoft Office version Full name publication number and revision number of the manual On the customer help site you can also download the following Firmware updates for your infrared camera Program updates for your PC software User documentation Application stories Technical publications 2 Customer help INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 4 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 3 ThermoVision SDK overview 3 1 Main features Supports communication and broadcasting via FireWire and Ethernet interfaces Gives the user full control of the camera Allows the user to set alarm conditions and measurement functions in the camera Allows the user to define I O functionality ThermoVision A series Based on ActiveX technology Supports acquisition of images through FireWire and Ethernet interfaces Reads from and writes to file in FLIR Systems proprietary file format and writes to files in FLIR Systems op
106. rences 15 2 Important note about the emissivity tables 15 3 Tables Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 Typographical conventions User to user forums Additional license information Notice to user This manual uses the following typographical conventions Semibold is used for menu names menu commands and labels and buttons in dialog boxes Italic is used for important information Monospace is used for code samples UPPER CASE is used for names on keys and buttons Exchange ideas problems and infrared solutions with fellow thermographers around the world in our user to user forums To go to the forums visit http www infraredtraining com community boards This software is sold under a single user license This license permits the user to install and use the software on any compatible computer provided the software is used on only one computer at a time One 1 back up copy of the software may also be made for archive purposes Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 1 1 Notice to user INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 2 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 2 General Submitting a question Downloads Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 Customer help For customer help visit http flir custhelp com To submit a question to the customer help team you must be a
107. s certified training courses Attending one of the ITC courses will give you a truly hands on learning experience The staff of the ITC are also there to provide you with any application support you may need in putting infrared theory into practice 10 3 Supporting our customers FLIR Systems operates a worldwide service network to keep your camera running at all times If you discover a problem with your camera local service centers have all the equipment and expertise to solve it within the shortest possible time Therefore there is no need to send your camera to the other side of the world or to talk to someone who does not speak your language 76 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 10 About FLIR Systems 10 4 A few images from our facilities 10401303 a1 Figure 10 2 LEFT Development of system electronics RIGHT Testing of an FPA detector 10401403 a1 Figure 10 3 LEFT Diamond turning machine RIGHT Lens polishing Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 77 10 About FLIR Systems 10401503 a1 Figure 10 4 LEFT Testing of infrared cameras in the climatic chamber RIGHT Robot used for camera testing and calibration 78 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 11 Thermographic measurement techniques 11 1 Introduction An infrared camera measures and images the emitted infrared radiation from an object The fact that radiati
108. s rays served as controls As the blackened thermometer was moved slowly along the colors of the spectrum the temperature readings showed a steady increase from the violet end to the red end This was not entirely unexpected since the Italian researcher Landriani in a similar experiment in 1777 had observed much the same effect It was Herschel Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 85 12 History of infrared technology however who was the first to recognize that there must be a point where the heating effect reaches a maximum and that measurements confined to the visible portion of the spectrum failed to locate this point 10398903 a1 Figure 12 2 Marsilio Landriani 1746 1815 Moving the thermometer into the dark region beyond the red end of the spectrum Herschel confirmed that the heating continued to increase The maximum point when he found it lay well beyond the red end in what is known today as the infrared wavelengths When Herschel revealed his discovery he referred to this new portion of the electro magnetic spectrum as the thermometrical spectrum The radiation itself he sometimes referred to as dark heat or simply the invisible rays Ironically and contrary to popular opinion it wasn t Herschel who originated the term infrared The word only began to appear in print around 75 years later and it is still unclear who should receive credit as the originator
109. seeeeeeneeneneennrennnnenr tnn 65 8 3 15 Setlmage Methodi eene nere nee dee ema der t 66 8 3 16 SetEmissMap Method 66 8 3 17 SetDistanceMap Method 67 8 3 18 SubmitCamCommand Method 67 8 9 19 ToTemperatu re Method ene teet eue teneras 68 8 4 uc e 68 8 4 1 CameraEverit EVelite reiten eere dares tr d nas e ensis 68 8 4 2 GamGmadReply Everit n rere ette n teh br eee Did 69 8 4 3 Reso rceGhariged EVvehlt tct nandi diete 69 FLIR Public File image format sssssssssn enn nnn nn nnns 71 9 1 General information 71 9 2 B sic data ice eee aiei ul 9 3 The whole header data structure size 892 bytes 71 9 4 The image data structure 120 bytes seseressrsssrsrsrsrstsrsrsssserererereneneneneneneseveseserererernre 72 9 5 The camera data structure 360 bytes sssssssssssseneneeeeeenenenmenenennnne 72 9 6 The object parameters data structure 104 bytes sss 72 9 7 The date and time data structure 92 bytes ssssssseeeeneeeeneenenn 73 9 8 The scaling data structure 88 bytes ooo eee eee secre teeesne teenie 73 About ELIR Systems reote eo err detener iciagessatedteastieetostayenteciavestdutabe coders 75 10 1 More than just an infrared camera sss nnne 76 10 2 Sharing our knowledge caer rene enne eese i aenea nde derent cas 10 3 Sup
110. serial number string define FPF LENS TYPE LEN 31 Lens name string define FPF LENS PARTN LEN 31 Lens part number string define FPF LENS SN LEN 31 Lens serial number string define FPF FILTER TYPE LEN 31 Filter name string define FPF FILTER PARTN LEN 31 Filter part number string define FPF FILTER SN LEN 31 Filter serial number string typedef struct d 1 char camera name FPF CAMERA TYPE LEN 1 char camera partn FPF CAMERA PARTN LEN 1 char camera sn FPF CAMERA SN LEN 1 float camera range tmin float camera range tmax char lens name FPF LENS TYPE LEN 1 char lens partn FPF LENS PARTN LEN 1 char lens sn FPF LENS SN LEN 1 char filter name FPF FILTER TYPE LEN 1 char filter partn FPF FILTER PARTN LEN 1 char filter _sn FPF_FILTER_SN LEN 1 long spareLong 16 0 FPF_CAMDATA T 9 6 The object parameters data structure 104 bytes typedef struct float emissivity 0 1 float objectDistance Meters float rflTemp Reflected temperature in Kelvin float atmTemp Atmospheric temperature in Kelvin float relHum 0 1 72 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 9 FLIR Public File image format float float float float float long compuTao estimTao refTemp extOptTemp extOptTrans spareLong 16 FPF OBJECT PAR T The date and time data structure 92 bytes 9 7
111. shortwave SW camera The values should be regarded as recommendations only and used by caution Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 105 15 Emissivity tables 15 3 Figure 15 1 T Total spectrum SW 2 5 um LW 8 14 um LLW 6 5 20 um 1 Material 2 Specification 3 Temperature in C 4 Spectrum 5 Emissivity 6 Reference Tables 3M type 35 Vinyl electrical 80 LW Ca 0 96 13 tape several col ors 3M type 88 Black vinyl electri 105 LW Ca 0 96 13 cal tape 3M type 88 Black vinyl electri lt 105 MW lt 0 96 13 cal tape 3M type Super Black vinyl electri lt 80 LW Ca 0 96 13 33 cal tape Aluminum anodized black 70 LW 0 95 9 dull Aluminum anodized black 70 SW 0 67 9 dull Aluminum anodized light 70 LW 0 97 9 gray dull Aluminum anodized light 70 SW 0 61 9 gray dull Aluminum anodized sheet 100 T 0 55 2 Aluminum as received plate 100 T 0 09 4 Aluminum as received sheet 100 T 0 09 2 Aluminum cast blast cleaned 70 LW 0 46 9 Aluminum cast blast cleaned 70 SW 0 47 9 Aluminum dipped in HNO 100 T 0 05 4 plate Aluminum foil 27 3 um 0 09 3 Aluminum foil 27 10 um 0 04 3 Aluminum oxidized strongly 50 500 T 0 2 0 3 1 Aluminum polished 50 100 iT 0 04 0 06 1 Aluminum polished sheet 100 T 0 05 2 Aluminum polished plate 100 T 0 05 4 106 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 15
112. since it improves the image quality Select the Auto flat field corr option if you want an automatic flat field correction This automated process can be disabled as it may affect the recording of images When you switch it off a warning will appear on the status field of the control This warning will become red if you leave it switched off for a long time NOTE There is a related function in the Image menu on the standard toolbar and on the scaling toolbar That function is called Auto Adjust It will continuously adjust the scale to the image locally within the PC 10569903 a1 Omega iPort Main Cam Dev Rec Camera Lens Camera Info Device Status es 1 ws T Q Connected 0 Figure 7 10 Omega iPort device tab If the Omega camera has been calibrated for more than one lens then the Camera Lens list box will be enabled Select the correct lens from the list after a lens switch to notify the camera of the change Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 45 7 User guide 7 5 6 Indigo Phoenix Camera Control This control panel is used for Indigo Phoenix cameras 10573703 a2 Phoenix InSb iPort a Phoenix insb Port Man Cam Dev Rec Man Cam Dev Rec NUC Name Syne source Oimeec 320x256 nonimagi Intemal JV NUC Gain f NUC Offset f NUC Offset Refresh Erecidendmpbcscil Iv Bad Pixel Replacement Camera Info Ext Image Corr Device Sta
113. sion float 4 Relative temperature pixels 8 bit unsigned integer imageArray VARIANT array of 32 bit point Pointer array of pre allocated ers images Each image consists of at least imageSize bytes imageSize Long Size in bytes of each image 8 3 12 GetLUT Method Gets a temperature translation table The table translates absolute image pixels to temperature If successful a memory block will be allocated for the translation table and it is the responsibility of the caller to deallocate the memory The table size de pends on the tableType parameter The 8 bit LUT depends on the camera temperature scale low and high properties Syntax Table object GetLUT tableType fee eine Object Control object name For example CamCtrl 64 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description VARIANT A 1 dimensional array of single precision floats translating abso lute image pixels to temperature in Kelvin tableType 8 3 13 MLGetlmages Method 0 Table size 256 8 bit pixels 1 Table size 65536 16 bit pix els 2 Table size 32768 15 bit pix els Get array of images This method is especially designed for the MATLAB example code Syntax imageArray Object MLGetlmages imageType imageWiath imageHeight image Object Description Control object name For example CamCtrl imageArray VARIANT Array of
114. t be copied photocopied reproduced translated or transmitted to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior consent in writing from FLIR Systems Names and marks appearing on the products herein are either registered trademarks or trademarks of FLIR Systems and or its subsidiaries All other trademarks trade names or company names referenced herein are used for identification only and are the property of their respective owners Quality assurance The Quality Management System under which these products are developed and manufactured has been certified in accordance with the ISO 9001 standard FLIR Systems is committed to a policy of continuous development therefore we reserve the right to make changes and improvements on any of the products described in this manual without prior notice viii Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 Table of contents T Notice to user ie atenta m ett c e or ec de are t deor tinh de vere 1 2 Customer help e n e A DI e i LE 3 3 ThermoVision SDK overview sse netten nnt te tnit tatnen eaten 5 3 1 Main feats Mt 5 3 2 New features compared to ThermoVision SDK 2 5 SR 1 sss 5 3 3 True Temperature Analysis tete ene 5 SE MEEME V UI CIS RUE MERE 6 3 5 System requirements 6 3 6 Recommended cameras 7 3 7 Necessary software amp hardware 7 3 7 1 FLIRESYStOMms software ee cte er aeree
115. te tnra tetnntnnn 47 7 6 3 FLIR DirectShow Runtime Components sessssseeneennns 47 7 6 4 Ethernet BUS Drivers ette pe ttp etate ida 47 Reference sectlon 2m Leg ee Le a aa ara ad a 49 8 1 About the camera control citri eri tree E ird nei Me 49 8 1 1 DOSCIPTION s eoe cet Re ted nen See ete en 49 8 1 2 File names es 49 8 1 3 Interfaces en d ebbe es 49 8 1 4 Camera control properties methods and events 49 8 1 5 Data typ6S 4 iere ree erede cde eed iie ai b eec ene line 8 2 PrOperES is naiiai Aa aA Aaa AEE b reada EEEa ESERE Naaa SEE E area EAA 8 2 1 Version Property ssid a n eee Hee ete eas 8 3 MethOdS trent E 8 3 1 AboutBox Method 8 3 2 Connect Method 8 3 3 Disconnect Method 8 3 4 DoGameraAction Methiod iiec iiie vetet tede 52 8 3 5 EmissGalc Method iihi eMe tienden ete pite 53 8 3 6 GetADSLUT Meltliod eet Herde nien bed 54 8 3 7 GetObjl U T Method 2 2 ped pe Miti eite 54 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 10 11 12 13 8 3 8 GetCameraProperty Method 0 cee eee eee e secretes ceenenee 54 8 3 9 GetError Method 8 3 10 Getlmage Method 8 3 11 Getlmages Method 8 3212 GetL UT Methiod etr eee tee ite de e eene diner 8 8 18 MLGetlmages Method ssssssseeseeeeeenenetntnntnt tete tnt tenente tne tn ata than 65 8 3 14 SetCameraProperty Method ssssssssssse
116. ted portable camera for industrial inspec tions and the first uncooled infrared camera to mention just two innovations FLIR Systems manufactures all vital mechanical and electronic components of the camera systems itself From detector design and manufacturing to lenses and system electronics to final testing and calibration all production steps are carried out and supervised by our own engineers The in depth expertise of these infrared specialists ensures the accuracy and reliability of all vital components that are assembled into your infrared camera 10 1 More than just an infrared camera At FLIR Systems we recognize that our job is to go beyond just producing the best infrared camera systems We are committed to enabling all users of our infrared camera systems to work more productively by providing them with the most powerful camera software combination Especially tailored software for predictive maintenance R amp D and process monitoring is developed in house Most software is available in a wide variety of languages We support all our infrared cameras with a wide variety of accessories to adapt your equipment to the most demanding infrared applications 10 2 Sharing our knowledge Although our cameras are designed to be very user friendly there is a lot more to thermography than just knowing how to handle a camera Therefore FLIR Systems has founded the Infrared Training Center ITC a separate business unit that provide
117. th a clock rate of 1 4 GHz or more At least 512 MB RAM Select Ethernet as Type of connection in the Select camera dialog box NetBIOS enabled on the TCP IP connection to the camera Proper settings if you have a firewall in your computer Reliable cables and electrical connections A camera equipped and configured for digital output An IP number assigned to the interface An IP number assigned to the camera Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 23 6 Standard Ethernet interface configuration INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK 24 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 7 User guide 7 1 About the camera control The ActiveX Control Module contains one interface named FLIR SDK Camera Control The control object name exposed to applications is CAMCTRL LVCamCtrl 3 The camera control communicates with FLIR camera models ThermoVision A20 A40 ThermaCAM S60 S65 S40 S45 Omega UL3 ThermoVision A10 Merlin Uncooled MicroBolometer Merlin NIR InGaAs Merlin QWIP Merlin MID InSb Phoenix with RTIE ThermaCAM SC640 ThermoVision A320 and ThermoVision A320G You can use it to switch camera measurement range control the camera image filtering view camera status etc You can also retrieve images and temperature tables This control has methods properties and events by which you can interact with it The methods and properties allow you to give commands to the control and to retrieve in
118. the internal shutter is pulled and adjust its own temperature scale once to the current image It is highly recommended to use the Int Image Correction function now and then since it im proves the image quality Select the Auto shutter option if you want an automatic in ternal image correction This automated process can be disabled as it may affect the recording of images When you switch it off a warning will appear on the status field of the control This warning will become red if you leave it switched off for a long time Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 39 7 User guide NOTE There is a related function in the Image menu on the standard toolbar and on the scaling toolbar That function is called Auto Adjust It will continuously adjust the scale to the image locally within the PC If noise reduction is set to On it will blur the image of moving objects The Downsample checkbox is only available for A20 cameras This option affects how much disk space each image will occupy when stored on the hard disk If enabled disk space for each image will be significantly reduced However a performance penalty in terms of apparent image quality but not in measurement is introduced when storing and reading image files 10430703 a2 A20 Firewire E3 Main Cam Dev E I Downsample IV Show graphics Framerate 600Hz x Camera Info Device Status Connected O o
119. tinguished by the ways in which the spectral emittance of each varies with wavelength A blackbody for which 1 A graybody for which constant less than 1 A selective radiator for which e varies with wavelength According to Kirchhoff s law for any material the spectral emissivity and spectral ab sorptance of a body are equal at any specified temperature and wavelength That is Ey Ay From this we obtain for an opaque material since a p 1 amp p 1 For highly polished materials approaches zero so that for a perfectly reflecting material i e a perfect mirror we have p l For a graybody radiator the Stefan Boltzmann formula becomes W ec T Watt m This states that the total emissive power of a graybody is the same as a blackbody at the same temperature reduced in proportion to the value of from the graybody 96 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 13 Theory of thermography 10401203 a2 Figure 13 8 Spectral radiant emittance of three types of radiators 1 Spectral radiant emittance 2 Wavelength 3 Blackbody 4 Selective radiator 5 Graybody 10327303 a4 Figure 13 9 Spectral emissivity of three types of radiators 1 Spectral emissivity 2 Wavelength 3 Blackbody 4 Graybody 5 Selective radiator 13 4 Infrared semi transparent materials Consider now a non metallic semi transparent body
120. tion 19 R BSTR Current filter name 20 R W Short Deprecated 21 R BSTR Camera model name 22 R Short Current camera type see Connect Method for values 23 R BSTR Current lens name 24 R Short Device type see Connect Method for values 25 R Short Communications port see Connect Method for values 26 R BSTR Video mode NTSC or PAL 27 R W Short Recording store condition 0 User 1 Highest 2 Every N th image 3 At time interval 4 At external trig 28 R W Short Recording stop condition 0 User 1 After time interval 2 After N images 3 At external trig 29 R W Short Recording start condition 0 User 1 At absolute time 2 At external trig 30 R Short Recording state 0 Disabled 1 Waiting for start 2 Active 3 Paused 31 R W Short Source for recording trigs or image marking trigs 0 External device or camera 1 COM port 2 LPT port LPT not supported on NT platforms 3 None 56 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 8 Reference section Description 32 R W Short Recording trig port Range 1 256 33 R W Short Recording file format 0 Multiple proprietary image files 1 Sequence file format seq 2 Multiple public image files fpf 34 R W Double Recording start value Delay in seconds if start condition 2 Absolute time in days from midnight 30 December 1899 if start condition 1
121. tion will generate files with names like TESTO0001 IMG or TESTO002 FFF The maximum allowed number of characters in the base name is 10 Property 47 can be used to disable and enable the automatic image correction function NUC in the camera Please note that if this function is disabled for an ex tended period of time more than 15 minutes the temperature tables may be incorrect Set this property to 0 to disable the automatic correction Set this property to 1 to let the camera control software manage the automatic correction or set this property to 2 to let the camera manage the automatic correction Property 61 default initial mode is only used with camera type 0 Set this property to 1 if you want the camera to always start with default video overlay settings Set this property before connecting to the camera Property 65 camera ID can be used only with camera type 5 11 and 12 This prop erty sets or gets the camera ID which by default is displayed on the camera video overlay The DirectX viewer property 70 is tightly associated with camera types 4 and 5 and the FireWire interface This property can be used to enable or disable an Active Movie window displaying the image stream You can also display a property page for the window where you can change the image palette On Windows XP platforms you ll need to install DirectX runtime version 9 0b in order to make the Active Movie window appear The image mode property 71 can only
122. tivating the subscription by setting property 87 will establish an active subscription This event can only be fired for camera type 5 11 and 12 using a TCP IP communi cations interface Syntax Private Sub object ResourceChanged resource As Bstr value As Variant Description object Control object name For example CamCtrl resource BSTR Resource path value VARIANT New resource value 70 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 9 FLIR Public File image format 9 1 General information The xxxx fpf files consist of a header followed by a matrix of single precision IEEE floating point values each representing one point of the image A C style description of the header layout can be found in the header file fpfimg h available in the installation directory The image point values are stored starting from the top left corner row by row The FLIR camera control can only save FPF images with floating point temperature values 9 2 Basic data Often represents ASCII charac ters may represent an 2 s com plement 8 bit integer 128 127 Unsigned char Short 8 bit integer number 0 255 16 bit integer 2 s complement Unsigned short 16 bit integer Long Unsigned long Float 32 bit integer 2 s complement 32 bit integer IEEE floating point number sign 23 bit mantissa 8 bit expo nent Representing numbers in the range 1038 Char lt len gt
123. today than it was at the time of its discovery by Herschel in 1800 10398703 a1 Figure 12 1 Sir William Herschel 1738 1822 The discovery was made accidentally during the search for a new optical material Sir William Herschel Royal Astronomer to King George III of England and already famous for his discovery of the planet Uranus was searching for an optical filter material to reduce the brightness of the sun s image in telescopes during solar obser vations While testing different samples of colored glass which gave similar reductions in brightness he was intrigued to find that some of the samples passed very little of the sun s heat while others passed so much heat that he risked eye damage after only a few seconds observation Herschel was soon convinced of the necessity of setting up a systematic experiment with the objective of finding a single material that would give the desired reduction in brightness as well as the maximum reduction in heat He began the experiment by actually repeating Newton s prism experiment but looking for the heating effect rather than the visual distribution of intensity in the spectrum He first blackened the bulb of a sensitive mercury in glass thermometer with ink and with this as his radiation de tector he proceeded to test the heating effect of the various colors of the spectrum formed on the top of a table by passing sunlight through a glass prism Other ther mometers placed outside the sun
124. tus Int Image Corr ae Een T7 Redirect to COM port 2 Digital output Connected 0 Connected 0 Figure 7 11 Phoenix iPort camera control tabs If a button is disabled on your camera control it is because your particular camera does not support that function The NUC Name list contains a list of all available NUC tables These tables include integration time window size etc The Phoenix camera system can internally store a number of these NUC tables NUC tables can be added or edited using an application delivered with the camera The check boxes below allow you to enable or disable various processing of the digital video stream along the digital video path Specifically aspects of the active NUC table and the associated bad pixel map can be enabled or disabled independent of each other by using these check boxes Typically all of these check boxes would be enabled but depending on the application you can choose to bypass selected parts of the NUC and bad pixel replacement Bypassing part of the NUC or bad pixel replacement in this way affects both the digital video output and the analog video output NUC Gain Check this option when you want the active NUC gain coefficients to be applied to the individual pixel digital values NUC Offset Check this option when you want the active NUC offset coefficients to be applied to individual pixel digital values NUC Offset Refresh You should che
125. ty 82 to enable or disable the emissivity correction function The emissivity correction function when enabled re calculates a temperature image requested by the method Getlmage 3 according to the current emissivity correction map When activated this function will affect the performance of the image acquisition 7 4 16 Back calculation of emissivity factor The method EmissCalc calculates a new emissivity factor for a specified pixel The image pixel position and a known temperature in Kelvin for this position are supplied as input parameters The method will perform an internal image acquisition and do a back calculation using the pixel position and the known temperature value The known temperature value should not be too close to the object ambient temperature If successful a new calculated emissivity factor float is returned 7 4 17 Translating signal value to temperature The method ToTemperture converts a single absolute pixel value to temperature in Kelvin If the emissivity factor is O then the current emissivity is used The return temperature floating point value is in Kelvin If a valid emissivity factor is specified lt 1 0 the absolute pixel value is converted to temperature using this emissivity factor Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 37 7 User guide 7 4 18 Events Camera state events are sent for a number of reasons An event occurs when a camera connection changes stat
126. uman skin exhibits an emissivity 0 97 to 0 98 Non oxidized metals represent an extreme case of perfect opacity and high reflexivity which does not vary greatly with wavelength Consequently the emissivity of metals is low only increasing with temperature For non metals emissivity tends to be high and decreases with temperature Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 79 11 Thermographic measurement techniques 11 2 1 Finding the emissivity of a sample 11 2 1 1 Step 1 Determining reflected apparent temperature Use one of the following two methods to determine reflected apparent temperature 11 2 1 1 1 Method 1 Direct method 1 Look for possible reflection sources considering that the incident angle reflection angle a b 10588903 a1 Figure 11 1 1 Reflection source 2 If the reflection source is a spot source modify the source by obstructing it using a piece if cardboard 10589103 a2 Figure 11 2 1 Reflection source 80 Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 11 Thermographic measurement techniques 3 Measure the radiation intensity apparent temperature from the reflecting source using the following settings Emissivity 1 0 LI Dopj O You can measure the radiation intensity using one of the following two methods 10589003 a2 Figure 11 3 1 Reflection source Note Using a th
127. ur FireWire adapter Switch on the camera and check that the camera has the Digital Video Mode setting DCAM before you plug it into your computer SC640 does not have this setting Connect the 1394 cable between the camera to the FireWire adapter of the PC when the camera is up and running 4 4 2 Windows Vista Action 1 Please log in as Administrator during this installation Windows should detect the camera after a while Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 11 4 FireWire configuration If Windows displays a New Hardware Found Wizard for the device FLIR ThemaCAM select Locate and install and Don t search online Either insert the ThermaCAM Researcher CD ROM or select Don t have the disk and Browse my computer to let Windows find an appropriate driver on the CD or in your C Program Files Flir Systems Device drivers directory Please allow Windows to continue installing the software despite the complaints about the FLIR drivers not being digitally signed If Windows refuses to let you do this please check that the Windows Update Driver setting Right click on My Computer gt Properties gt Hardware tab is not set to Never Some cameras will also contain a FLIR 1894 Network Adapter device You can install it in the same way if you like ThermaCAM Researcher does not use it 4 4 3 Windows 2000 XP Action Log in as Administrator Windows should det
128. x The frame rate specifies how many images per second will be captured of the target in question NOTE For cameras with a fixed frame rate this selection will be unavailable NOTE For some cameras frame rates higher than 25 30 Hz may not be supported NOTE For some computers frame rates higher than 7 Hz may not work properly NOTE Use the Normalized connection command on the ThermaCAM Researcher Camera menu if connection fails due to a too high frame rate Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 41 7 User guide 7 5 3 Indigo standard Ethernet interface This chapter applies to all Indigo camera models when the optimum eBus driver is not used It is possible to use a standard network interface in order to acquire images from an iPort frame grabber device connected to the network Please note that the standard network interface is scanned only if no frame grabber device can be detected over the optimum driver connection The iPort frame grabber device can be connected to a host PC either directly or through a network switch If a device is detected on any of your standard Ethernet network interfaces the following dialog box will be presented 10573803 a2 IP Engine Selection Available IP Engines IP Engine and NIC Information E9 NIC MAC 00 0D 56 EC A6 83 Network Stack IP Engine Hardware IP Engine MAC 00 50 C2 1D 7C 43 IP Address 169 254 33 185 Device Name not available
129. y Tatm object distance Dopj the effective temperature of the object surroundings or the reflected ambient temperature Taf and the temperature of the atmosphere Tatm This task could sometimes be a heavy burden for the operator since there are normally no easy ways to find accurate values of emittance and atmospheric transmittance for the actual case The two temperatures are normally less of a problem provided the surroundings do not contain large and intense radiation sources A natural question in this connection is How important is it to know the right values of these parameters It could though be of interest to get a feeling for this problem already here by looking into some different measurement cases and compare the relative magnitudes of the three radiation terms This will give indications about when it is important to use correct values of which parameters The figures below illustrates the relative magnitudes of the three radiation contributions for three different object temperatures two emittances and two spectral ranges SW and LW Remaining parameters have the following fixed values T 0 88 Tyo 20 C 68 F Tag 20 C 68 F Publ No T559014 Rev a372 ENGLISH EN August 5 2009 101 14 The measurement formula It is obvious that measurement of low object temperatures are more critical than measuring high temperatures since the disturbing radiation sources are relatively

User`s manual ThermoVision™ SDK

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

User`s manual ThermoVision&trade; SDK

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents

User`s manual ThermoVision™ SDK