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EnergyPlus Auxiliary Programs

1. 95 Purchased Hot Water Chilled Water Supply 96 Single Chiller Supply Pall npe err phe trie EE EE e RU aes 96 Single Boiler Supply Pall o peccet sert teet doves shee bh daa ru e ex nd 96 System Macro Commands mt eti tete Ee Fe rbd ades dee uata 96 ZoneThermostat Autosize and ZoneThermostat 96 PurchAirZone Autosize and PurchAirZone 97 4PipeFanCoilZone Autosize and 4PipeFanCoilZone 98 VAVZone Autosize and VAVZone 100 4 23 05 VI TABLE OF CONTENTS DirectAirZone Autosize and DirectAirZone 102 VAVAirLoop Autosize and VAVAIrLOOQ 102 UnitaryAirLoop Autosize and UnitaryAirLoop 109 FanCoilLoops Autosize and FanCoilLoops 115 ChilledWaterDemand Autosize and ChilledWaterDemand 115 HotWaterDemand Autosize HotWaterDemandq 116 PurchasedSupplyWithBypass Autosize Not implemented yet and PurchasedSupplyWithBypass 117 BoilerSupply1 Autosize Not implemented yet and BoilerSupply1 119 BoilerSupply1WithBypass A
2. MatlProps This object contains the material properties that describe the materials used in the model The fields are quite self explanatory and consist of the following Field RHO Slab Material Density Field RHO Soil Density These two fields specify the density of the slab material and the soil in SI units of kg m3 Field CP Slab CP Field CP Soil CP These two fields specify the specific heat of the slab and soil in SI units of J kg K Field TCON Slab K Field TCON Soil K These two fields specify the thermal conductivity of the slab and soil in W mK The IDD object is shown below MatlProps 1 field RHO Slab Material density note typical value 2300 0 units kg m3 2 field RHO Soil Density note typical value 1200 0 units kg m3 3 field CP Slab CP note typical value 650 0 units J kg K 4 Nfield CP Soil CP note typical value 1200 0 units J kg K 5 field TCON Slab k note typical value 9 units W m K 6 field TCON Soil k note typical value 1 0 units W m K BoundConds This object supplies some of the boundary conditions used in the simulation 65 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD Field EVTR Is surface evapotranspiration modeled This field specifies whether or not to use the evapotransporation model Evapotransportation comprises all of the processe
3. setl HWDemandSysName Hot Water Loop 1 Hot water demand side system name setl HWLoopName Boiler Plant Supply side plant name setl HWLoopAvailSch ON Boiler availability schedule Ssetl HWLoopTempSch HW Loop Temp Schedule Hot water setpoint schedule C setl HWLoopSetPoint Hot water setpoint C if schedule None Ssetl HWLoopMaxTemp 100 Max hot water temperature C Ssetl HWLoopMinTemp 1 Min hot water temperature setl HWLoopMaxFlow 3 0 0013 Max HW flow total to all zones m3 s setl HWLoopMinFlow 0 Min HW flow total to all zones m3 s setl HWLoopVolume autosize HW loop volume m3 Boiler Parameters for PURCHASED HOT WATER setl BoilerType PURCHASED HOT WATER Boiler Object Type all dashes setl BoilerCap 1000000 Boiler capacity W Boiler Parameters for BOILER SIMPLE setl BoilerType BOILER SIMPLE Boiler Object Type all dashes setl BoilerCap 30000 Boiler capacity W setl BoilerFuel GAS Boiler fuel setl BoilerEffic 0 8 Boiler Theoretical Efficiency setl BoilerMinPtLd 0 010 Boiler Minimum Part Load Ratio setl BoilerMaxPtLd 1 00 Boiler Maximum Part Load Ratio setl BoilerOptPtLd 1 00 Boiler Optimum Part Load Ratio setl BoilerPtLdCoeffl 1 0 Boiler Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl BoilerPtLdCoeff2 0 0 Boiler Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl BoilerPtLdCoeff3 0 0 Boiler Coefficient3
4. 43 Typical Extreme Periods Header Data CSV 43 Ground Temperatures Header Data 5 44 Holiday Daylight Saving Header Data CSV 44 Comment 1 Header Data CSV 44 4 23 05 TABLE OF CONTENTS Comment 2 Header Data CSV 44 Data Period Header Data 5 44 Data Records CSV ase 44 Missing Weather File Data e seid siete leeds esci tek ste pude ceded 45 Table 11 Missing weather replacement values 45 Source Weather Data Formats 46 Data Set vs Data Formal d bed et p a Ep ail 46 SAMSON Data Set Format 46 TMY2 Data Set Formatie enea etu teta take un ce dn 46 mm a aa E e A Ea a 47 WYEC 2 Data SeUPOLInal cuneo endete tute each ae ea ut nisus 47 Canadian Weather for Energy Calculations CWEC 47 International Weather for Energy Calculations IWEO 47 Typical Meteorological Year 48
5. eese 8 Table 2 Input File Extensions with implied Data types 9 Table 3 LST File Structure ssssssseseseseeeeeeeen nnns 10 wj O 11 Definitions File amp Custom File Processing 11 Table 4 Definitions File Details 12 Expected Formats for amp location ree renes 13 Expected Formats for amp miscdata cete la asennad 13 Expected Formats for ere ee ede 13 Table 5 Input File Type 14 Table 6 Data Element Naming Conventions 14 Expected Formats for amp 16 File Examples tested bonsai bes iene nion dunes 16 Reports Files Produced by the Weather Converter 18 A dit Log ET 18 Statistical Report preterita e nd e e eite ial 19 4 23 05 TABLE OF CONTENTS Figure 4 Graph of Spreadsheet 25 Design Day Calculations 25 K ppen Climate Classification 27 Table 7 K ppe
6. Monthly Average Dewpoint Temperature C Figure 7 Monthly Dew Point in K ppen Climates Northern Hemisphere 4 23 05 30 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ASHRAE CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION ASHRAE Climate Classification For the ASHRAE 90 1 and 90 2 standards 2004 a climate zone classification scheme was introduced similar to the K ppen classification ASHRAE Transactions papers Briggs 2002 EnergyPlus Weather File EPW Data Dictionary The methodology is described in two The data dictionary for EnergyPlus Weather Data is shown below Note that semi colons do NOT terminate lines in the EnergyPlus Weather Data Note that in the header records where date is used the interpretation is shown in the following table Table 8 Weather File Date Field Interpretation Field Contents Interpretation Header Applicability lt number gt Julian Day of Year All date fields lt number gt lt number gt Month Day All date fields lt number gt Month Day and Month All date fields Month lt number gt Day and Month All date fields lt number gt Weekday in Numbered weekday of month Holiday Month DaylightSavingPeriod Last Weekday In Month Last weekday of month Holiday DaylightSavingPeriod In the table Month can be one of January February March April May June July August September October November December Abbreviations of the first three characters are
7. Table 24 HVAC Diagram Object Names primary sort Colors Object Name Color BASEBOARD HEATER WATER CONVECTIVE salmon BOILER SIMPLE indianred CHILLER ABSORPTION powderblue CHILLER COMBUSTION TURBINE powderblue CHILLER CONSTCOP powderblue 147 HVAC DIAGRAM INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 CHILLER DIRECT FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER ELECTRIC CHILLER ENGINEDRIVEN powderblue powderblue powderblue COIL DX COOLINGBYPASSFACTOREMPIRICAL skyblue COIL DX HEATINGEMPIRICAL COIL DX MULTISPEED COOLINGEMPIRICAL COIL ELECTRIC HEATING COIL GAS HEATING COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING COIL WATER SIMPLEHEATING COIL WATERTOAIRHP COOLING COIL WATERTOAIRHP HEATING CONNECTION COMPONENT PLANTLOOP CONSTANT FLOW RADIANT SYSTEM CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR CONTROLLER SIMPLE CONTROLLER STAND ALONE ERV COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFIER SOLID DIRECT AIR DOMESTIC HOT WATER DUAL DUCT CONST VOLUME DUAL DUCT VAV EVAPCOOLER DIRECT CELDEKPAD EVAPCOOLER INDIRECT CELDEKPAD EVAPCOOLER INDIRECT RDDSPECIAL FAN SIMPLE CONSTVOLUME FAN SIMPLE ONOFF FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME FREE COOLING HEAT EXCHANGER GENERATOR COMBUSTION TURBINE GENERATOR IC ENGINE GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER VERTICAL HEAT EXCHANGER AIR TO AIR FLAT PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER AIR TO AIR GENERIC HEATPUMP WATERTOWATER COOLING HEATPUMP WATERTOWATER HEATING HUMIDIFIER STEAM ELECTRICAL HYDRONIC RADIANT SYSTEM MIXER skyblue
8. HWPmpType Hot water pump type VARIABLE or CONSTANT speed For autosized command if omitted defaults to VARIABLE HWPmpcCtrl Hot water pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation omitted defaults to INTERMITTENT For autosized command if The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command All parameters in the Hot Water Loop Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Hot Water Pump Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Boiler Parameter Group see below Single Boiler Supply Autosized setl HWLoopName Boiler Plant setl HWDemandSysName HW Demand 1 setl HWLoopAvailSch PlantOnSched setl HWLoopTempSch HW Loop Temp Schedule setl BoilerType BOILER SIMPLE setl BoilerFuel NaturalGas setl BoilerFlowMode VariableFlow setl HWPmpType Variable setl HWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT BoilerSupplylWithBypass Autosize Supply side plant name Hot water demand side system name Boiler availability schedule Hot water setpoint schedule C Boiler Object Type all dashes Boiler fuel type Boiler Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow HW Pump Type Variable or Constant HW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS 4 23 05 120 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Single Boiler Supply
9. Macro stack overflow Use reserve STACK nnnnnn command to get more memory Current value of nnnnnn is iHi comment Allows you to enter comment lines inside a macro comment is printed in the EP MACRO echo but is not acted on by the macro processor Example This example shows the use of the set include eval and if commands Let an external file called cities idf contain the following text if city EQS CHICAGO Location Chicago IL Location Name 145 INPUT MACROS LISTING FORMAT 41 880 Latitude 7 63 Longitude 6 0 Time Zone 23 Elevation m elseif city EQS WASHINGTON Location Washington DC Location Name 38 9 Latitude IS Longitude B5 05 Time Zone 15 75 Elevation m else ERROR City Undefined endif Then the EnergyPlus input set1 city CHICAGO include cities idf will be converted after macro processing to Location Chicago IL Location Name 41 880 Latitude 87 63 Longitude 5 0 Time Zone INS Elevation m Listing Format The format of listing from EP MACRO gives information about the status of the input macros as shown in the following le debo EnergyPlus input line echo of EnergyPlus input line line number if the current line is being skipped by i etc thi
10. The following parameters are valid only for the autosize command ReturnPath Return air path PLENUM or DUCTED Optional parameter defaults to DUCTED if not set PLENUM uses a single plenum for return air from all zones served by this air loop PlenumZoneName Zone name of plenum zone Required if ReturnPath PLENUM OASys Outside air system flag YES or NO If YES then an outside air mixing box and controller will be included Optional parameter defaults to NO HeatingCoil Main heating coil flag YES or NO If YES then a central heating coil and controller will be included Optional parameter defaults to NO HeatSupplyTSch Heating coil leaving air temperature setpoint control schedule C See SET POINT MANAGER SCHEDULED for more explanation Required only if HeatingCoil YES The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command SysSuppAirFlow System supply air flow rate m3 s at full flow See AIR PRIMARY LOOP for more explanation Parameters for simple cooling coil ChWCoilType Cooling coil type SIMPLE or DETAILED SIMPLE uses COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING DETAILED uses COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING 103 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 ChWCoilMaxChWFlw Maximum chilled water flow rate through the coil 3 See COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING or COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCOoilUA Chilled water coil UA W K See COIL WATER SIMPLE
11. 1 OpaqSkyCvr 1 Visibility km Ceiling Hgt m PresWeathObs PresWeathCodes Precip Wtr mm Aerosol Opt Depth 001 SnowDepth cm Days Last Snow Then the longer names 4 23 05 44 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM MISSING WEATHER FILE DATA Date HH MM Datasource Dry Bulb Temperature C Dew Point Temperature C Relative Humidity Atmospheric Pressure Pa Extraterrestrial Horizontal Radiation Wh m2 Extraterrestrial Direct Normal Radiation Wh m2 Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity from Sky Wh m2 Global Horizontal Radiation Wh m2 Direct Normal Radiation Wh m2 Diffuse Horizontal Radiation Wh m2 Global Horizontal Illuminance lux Direct Normal Illuminance lux Diffuse Horizontal Illuminance lux Zenith Luminance Cd m2 Wind Direction deg Wind Speed m s Total Sky Cover 1 Opaque Sky Cover 1 Visibility km Ceiling Height m Present Weather Observation Present Weather Codes Precipitable Water mm Aerosol Optical Depth 001 Snow Depth cm Days Since Last Snow As noted previously these headers and data are in the identical order to the items in the EPW records Then the data is shown 1983 1 1 01 00 C9C9C9C9 02 29 9 29 9 9 29 29 0C8C8C8C8 0 0E8 0 0 26 2 19 2 65 101100 0 1415 412 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 80 6 5 9 7 23 3 77111 9 999999999 0 0 2300 0 88 The Date and Time fields need a bit of description The Date field e g 1983 1 1 uses your standard system date for formatting In the EPW
12. B Linearly interpolated C _ Non linearly interpolated to fill data gaps from 6 to 47 hours in length Not used E Modeled or estimated except precipitable water calculated from radiosonde data dew point temperature calculated from dry bulb temperature and relative humidity and relative humidity calculated from dry bulb temperature and dew point temperature F Precipitable water calculated from surface vapor pressure aerosol optical depth estimated from geographic correlation 9 Source does not fit any of the above Used mostly for 4 23 05 52 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM INTERFACE TO THE EPLUSWTH DLL missing data Table 17 Meteorological Uncertainty Flag Codes Flag 6 Uncertainty consistent with NWS practices and the instrument or observation used to obtain the data Greater uncertainty than 7 because values were interpolated or estimated o uncertainty than 8 or unknown lo Not definable Interface to the EPlusWth dll 4 23 05 To provide information for outside developers interfaces that might want to use the basic weather processing utility from within their interface the EPlusWth dll was developed It is actually used by the weather converter utility In addition to the basic interface calls six important files are also used by this library These are placed in the WeatherConverter folder during install of EnergyPlus Files used by EPlusWth dll Each of the files is in a
13. Clements Edward 2004 Three Dimensional Foundation Heat Transfer Modules for Whole Building Energy Analysis MS Thesis Pennsylvania State University 84 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS REFERENCES Cogil Cynthia A 1998 Modeling of Basement Heat Transfer and Parametric Study of Basement Insulation for Low Energy Housing MS Thesis of Architectural Engineering Pennsylvania State University 4 23 05 85 VCOMPARE VCOMPARE USAGE In a perfect world each developer change to the Data Dictionary Object structure would be upwards compatible from the previous version And we are reaching toward that goal but not quite there yet A small program VCompare Energy idd Version Compare has been developed that can highlight the differences in two Energy idd files for you Though it will be presented as a user tool it is most likely of more use to the Interface Developers that will be creating the input files of the future Though in its release form it will be used to highlight differences between the last release of EnergyPlus and the current release it can be used anywhere in a development as well We in the EnergyPlus development team have found it very useful during the march to the 1 0 1 release As an additional utility feature VCompare can create new IDFs using the differences between the two IDDs Though this is not the preferred method for release conversions see next section in this document it can be used a
14. Complex Field 14 Until 24 00 Complex Field 15 Complex Field 16 Through 5 31 Complex Field 17 For AllDays Complex Field 18 Until 24 00 Complex Field 19 20 Complex Field 20 Through 6 30 Complex Field 21 For AllDays Complex Field 22 Until 24 00 Complex Field 23 20 Complex Field 24 Through 7 31 Complex Field 25 For AllDays Complex Field 26 Until 24 00 Complex Field 27 20 Complex Field 28 Through 8 31 Complex Field 29 For AllDays Complex Field 30 Until 24 00 Complex Field 31 9 Complex Field 32 Through 9 30 Complex Field 33 For AllDays Complex Field 34 Until 24 00 Complex Field 35 18 Complex Field 36 Through 10 31 Complex Field 37 For AllDays Complex Field 38 Until 24 00 Complex Field 39 LT Complex Field 40 Through 11 30 Complex Field 41 For AllDays Complex Field 42 Until 24 00 Complex Field 43 16 Complex Field 44 Through 12 31 Complex Field 45 For AllDays Complex Field 46 Until 24 00 Complex Field 447 16 Complex Field 48 References 4 23 05 Bahnfleth W P 1989 Three Dimensional Modeling of Heat Transfer from Slab Floors Ph D diss also published as USACERL TM E 89 11 University of Illinois Bahnfleth W P and C O Pedersen 1990 A Three Dimensional Numerical Study of Slab on Grade Heat Transfer ASHRAE Transactions Pt 2 96 61 72
15. Condenser water setpoint C if schedule None For a fixed setpoint the template will generate an automatic set point schedule with this value CndLoopMaxTemp Maximum condenser water temperature C See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CndLoopMinTemp Minimum condenser water temperature C See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CndLoopVolume Condenser water loop volume m3 May be set to autosize See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation 129 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 Chilled Water Pump Parameter Group ChWPmpType Chilled water pump type Variable or Constant speed ChWPmpHead Chilled water pump rated pump head Pa See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation ChWPmpPower Chilled water pump rated power consumption W See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation ChWPmpMIrEff Chilled water pump motor efficiency See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation ChWPmpMtrToFluid Chilled water pump fraction of motor inefficiencies to fluid See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation ChWPmpPiLdCoeff1 ChWPmpPiLdCoeff2 ChWPmpPiLdCoeff3 ChWPmpPiLdCoeff4 These parameters are the coefficients of the chilled water pump part load performance curve See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED for more explanation Applicable if ChWPmpType Variable ChWPmpcCirl Chilled water pump co
16. weather data specifications including file type custom formats m amp datacontrol user specified control over missing data Custom format only amp location City Hong Kong StateProv Country CHN InLat 22 75 InLong 115 InTime 8 InElev 0 InWMO 450040 amp miscdata Commentsl This file was given to us by SourceData Original xyz data The slash character terminating each block is very important omissions results in incorrect reading of data Definitions File Details are shown in the following table You may leave out a field if you wish the program will use whatever default is applicable or usable from the data format All data formats accept this additional file Only Custom format currently uses the amp datacontrol element And only Custom format input type uses the Data Elements Format and Conversion factors from the amp wthdata element Note that strings in the def should be enclosed in single quotes if there is more than one word in the string if only one word quotes do not need to be used 4 23 05 11 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING 4 23 05 Table 4 Definitions File Details Field Description Field Name Type Location header amp location Name of City City String State or Province StateProv String Country Code Country String 3 characters Latitude N
17. 0 1 Insulation Object This object supplies the information about insulation used around the slab There are two possible configurations under the slab or vertical insulation around the slab Field RINS R value of under slab insulation This field provides the thermal resistance value of the under slab insulation It should be zero if the vertical insulation configuration is selected Units are m 2 K W Field DINS Width of strip of under slab insulation This specifies the width of the perimeter strip of insulation under the slab in meters Again a zero value should be used for the vertical insulation configuration Field RVINS R value of vertical insulation This field specifies the thermal resistance of the vertical insulation It should be zero if the under slab insulation configuration is in effect Field ZVINS Depth of vertical insulation This field specifies the depth of the vertical insulation into the ground in meters Note that it starts at the slab upper surface and extends into the ground Only 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 or 3 0 m should be used Field IVINS Flag Is there vertical insulation This final field specifies that vertical the vertical insulation configuration is being used The value of 1 specifies yes and 0 specifies no The Insulation object is shown below Insulation 4 23 05 68 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD 4 2
18. C C Units C C C C C 00 C C g kg C 9 9 C r g kg C C 1 World Climate Design Data 2001 ASHRAE Handbook HEATING 5 8 6 8 11 3 9 9 8 8 11 1 14 2 9 1 13 4 1 1 320 5 3 300 39 3 3 1 2 9 1 9 COOLING 32 2 20 295 195 1521 9 20 1 7 23 285 22 3 206 2 21 25 3 21 7 106 4524 8 21 15415 8 24 3 20 06 15 3 23 9 06 7 However if there are no design conditions then the format looks like Number of Design Conditions Title of Design Condition 0 Theoretically there can be more than one design condition included Typical Extreme Periods Header Data CSV The results from the typical extreme period heuristic calculation are shown 4 23 05 43 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM CSV FORMAT IN OUT Number of Typical Extreme Periods Period Name Period Type Period Start Day Period End Day lt repeat to periods gt 6 Summer Week Nearest Max Temperature For Period Extreme 1 4 1 10 Summer Week Nearest Average Temperature For Period Typical 11 29 12 5 Winter Week Nearest Min Temperature For Period Extreme 7 3 7 9 Winter Week Nearest Average Temperature For Period Typical 6 5 6 11 Autumn Week Nearest Average Temperature For Period Typical 3 22 3 28 Spring Week Nearest Average Temperature For Period Typical 8 1 8 7 Ground Temperatures Header Data CSV The results from the ground temp
19. Len TriggerLimit IgnoreCalcTrigger Len IgnoreCalcTrigger ProcessWeather The meat of the processing is done by this routine It gets passed the input file name source data the input file type output file name output file type As an output it can provide a notice that the processing was successful or not VB Declaration Statement Private Declare Sub ProcessWeather Lib EPlusWth ByVal strInType As String ByVal InTypeLen As Long ByVal strOutType As String ByVal OutTypeLen As Long ByVal strInFileName As String ByVal InFileNameLen As Long ByVal strOutFileName As String ByVal OutFileNameLen As Long ErrorFlag As Boolean Calling it from VB 4 23 05 55 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM INTERFACE TO THE EPLUSWTH DLL 4 23 05 Call ProcessWeather InputFileDataType Len InputFileDataType OutputFileDataType Len OutputFileDataType InputFileName Len InputFileName OutputFileName Len OutputFileName ErrorFlag Valid values for the Input File Data Type are shown in the following table Table 19 Valid Input File Types for ProcessWeather call Input File Type Source Data file Format Type TMY2 or TM2 TMY2 data file IWEC or IWC IWEC data file SAMSON or DAT SAMSON data file WYEC2 or WY2 WYEC2 data file FMT or TXT DOE 2 Formatted data file CLM or ESP r ESP r formatted data file BLAST or ASC BLAST ASCII formatted data file EPW EnergyPlus EPW file CSV EnergyPlus C
20. N12 field Depth 1 July Average Ground Temperature Nunits C N13 field Depth 1 August Average Ground Temperature Nunits C N14 field Depth 1 September Average Ground Temperature units C N15 field Depth 1 October Average Ground Temperature units C N16 field Depth 1 November Average Ground Temperature Nunits C N17 Nfield Depth 1 December Average Ground Temperature Nunits C note repeat above N2 N17 to number of ground temp depths indicated The weather converter program can use a full year weather data file to calculate undisturbed ground temperatures based on temperatures Since an important part of soil heat transfer includes soil properties such as conductivity density and specific heat AND these cannot be calculated from simple weather observations this header record is provided for user information As noted in the statistics report the undisturbed ground temperatures calculated by the weather converter Should not be used in building losses but are appropriate to be used in the GroundTemperatures Surface and GroundTemperatures Deep objects The reasoning for building losses is that these values are too extreme for the soil under a conditioned building For best results use the Slab or Basement program described in this document to calculate custom monthly average ground temperatures see the Ground Heat Transfer section This is especially important for residential applications and very small buildings If one of
21. Objects generated PLANT LOOP BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER BRANCH PIPE PUMP VARIABLE SPEED PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION COOLING LOAD RANGE EQUIPMENT LIST Option select one PURCHASED CHILLED WATER CHILLER CONST COP 4 23 05 124 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 additional options will be made available Condenser1 Autosize Not implemented yet Condenser1 Condenser1WithBypass Autosize Describes the condenser loop for a single chiller plant The following parameters are required for both autosize and non autosize commands ChWLoopName Name of this supply side loop must match the chiller plant name This name is used as a prefix for the supply side object names and node names CndLoopAvailSch Chiller loop availability schedule See PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES for more explanation CndLoopTempCnirl Loop Temperature Setpoint control type SCHEDULED FIXED AIR or GROUND For autosized command if omitted defaults to AIR See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CondenserType Type of condenser tower object COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED or COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED non autosized only Uses COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED or COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED respectively CndLoopTempSch Condenser water setpoint schedule C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation For autosized command if omitted defaults
22. VAVZone VAV Zone setl ZoneName RESISTIVE ZONE Zone name setl AvailSched FanAndCoilAvailSched System Availability Schedule setl ZoneSuppAirFlow 0 47 Zone supply air flow rate m3 s setl ZoneMinAirFrac 0 3 Zone min supply air flow fraction setl ZoneMaxHWF low 0 0013 Zone max reheat hot water flow rate m3 s setl ZoneMinHWF low 0 0 Zone min reheat hot water flow rate m3 s setl ZoneHWTolerance 0 001 Zone tolerance on hot water control C setl ZoneHeatCoilUA 400 0 Zone heating coil UA W K VAVZone Objects generated CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST AIR DISTRIBUTION UNIT NODE LIST SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT COIL Water SimpleHeating BRANCH 4 23 05 101 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS DirectAirZone Autosize and DirectAirZone Describes the zone equipment for one direct air zone on a packaged system The following parameters are required for both commands ZoneName Zone name AvailSched Availability schedule name for this VAV terminal unit The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command ZoneSuppAirFlow Zone supply air flow rate m3 s at full flow See DIRECT AIR for more explanation setl ZoneName RESISTIVE ZONE Zone name setl AvailSched FanAndCoilAvailSched System Availability Schedule setl ZoneSuppAirFlow 0 47 Zone supply air flow rate m3 s DirectAirZone Obje
23. also valid In the table Weekday can be one of Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Abbreviations of the first three characters are also valid IESP r EnergyPlus Weather Format April 2002 memo Dates in the EPW file can be several formats memo lt number gt lt number gt month day memo number Month memo Month number memo lt number gt taken to be Julian day of year memo Months are January February March April May memo June July August September October November December memo Months can be the first 3 letters of the month 4 23 05 31 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY LOCATION Al field city type alpha A2 field State Province Region Ntype alpha A3 field Country type alpha A4 field Source type alpha N1 field WMO note usually a 6 digit field Used as alpha in EnergyPlus type alpha N2 N3 N4 N5 field Latitude units deg minimum 90 0 maximum 90 0 default 0 0 note is North is South degree minutes represented in decimal i e 30 minutes is 5 Ntype real field Longitude Nunits deg minimum 180 0 maximum 4180 0 default 0 0 note is West is East degree minutes represented in decimal i e 30 minutes is 5 Ntype real field TimeZone units hr not on standard units list minimum 12 0 maximum 12
24. converter should not be used in building losses but are appropriate to be used in the GroundTemperatures Surface and GroundTemperatures Deep objects The reasoning for building losses is that these values are too extreme for the soil under a conditioned building For best results use the Slab or Basement program described in this document to calculate custom monthly average ground temperatures see the Ground Heat Transfer section This is especially important for residential applications and very small buildings If one of these ground temperature preprocessors is not used for typical commercial buildings in the USA a reasonable default value is 2C less than the average indoor space temperature And then the K ppen ASHRAE and typical extreme period calculations 4 23 05 23 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER Mid latitude dry semiarid e g Great Plains of USA lat 15 60 N Unbearably hot dry periods in summer but passive cooling is possible Monthly Statistics for Dry Bulb temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Daily Avg 10 7 9 6 11 4 15 1 19 7 24 6 27 3 27 2 23 7 19 1 14 5 11 2 Maximum 17 17 18 8 25 33 4 35 8 35 36 34 28 22 2 19 2 Minimum 3 6 2 8 4 4 6 9 14 6 20 4 20 15 12 5 9 1 Maximum Dry Bulb temperature of 36 0 C on Aug 1 Minimum Dry Bulb temperature of 1 0 on Dec 12 Mid latitude dry semiarid e g Great Plains of USA lat
25. explanation VAV Air Loop Autosized setl AirSysName VAV SYS 1 Air handling system name setl NumberOfZones 5 Number of zones setl ZonelName SPACE1 1 Name of Zone 1 setl Zone2Name SPACE2 1 Name of Zone 2 setl Zone3Name SPACE3 1 Name of Zone 3 setl Zone4Name SPACE4 1 Name of Zone 4 setl Zone5Name SPACE5 1 Name of Zone 5 setl AvailSched FanAvailSched System Availability Schedule setl HeatAvailSched ReheatCoilAvailSched Heating Coil Availability Schedule setl CoolAvailSched CoolingCoilAvailSched Cooling Coil Availability Schedule setl ReturnPath PLENUM PLENUM or DUCTED return setl PlenumZoneName PLENUM 1 Zone name of plenum zone setl OASys YES Outside air system YES or NO YES defaults to 0 00944 m3 s person 20cfm person Ssetl ColdSupplyTSch Seasonal Reset Supply Air Temp Sch Cooling Coil Control Setpoint Schedule setl MinOASched Min OA Sched Minimum Outside Air Schedule Name if no Schedule setl HeatingCoil YES Main heating coil VAVAirLoop Autosize VAV Air Loop setl AirSysName VAV SYS 1 Air handling system name setl NumberOfZones 3 Number of zones setl ZonelName RESISTIVE ZONE Name of Zone 1 setl Zone2Name EAST ZONE Name of Zone 2 setl Zone3Name NORTH ZONE Name of Zone 3 setl SysSuppAirFlow 1 3 System supply air flow rate m3 s setl AvailSched
26. memo ZFACI N1 N2 N3 N15 N16 e Bl N4 17 N5 N18 N6 N19 N7 ly needed when using manual gridding X Direction cell face coordinates N9 only needed when using manual gridding Y Direction cell face coordinates N9 only needed when usuing manual gridding Z Direction cell face coordinates N8 N20 10 not m N13 N25 N40 N10 N22 N37 N11 N23 N38 N12 N24 N39 N14 N26 N27 N28 N29 not m N13 N25 N40 N10 N22 N37 N11 N23 N38 N12 N24 N39 N14 N26 N27 N28 N29 not m N12 N24 N9 N21 N10 N22 N11 N23 N13 N25 N14 Sample IDF File Slab Program A sample IDF file is shown below Editor 1 12 I Generator IDF Materials NOTE All comments with are ignored by the IDFEditor and are generated automatically i Use comments if they need to be retained when using the IDFEditor ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS MATERIALS 2 NMAT Number of materials 07158 ALBEDO Surface Albedo No Snow 0 379 ALBEDO Surface Albedo Snow 0 9 EPSLW Surface Emissivity No Snow m EPSLW Surface Emissivity Snow 0 75 20 Surface Roughness No Snow 0 503 20 Surface Roughness Snow 6 13 HIN Indoor HConv Downward Flow W m2 K 9 26 HIN Indoor HConv Upward W m
27. runs this should be TRUE Fields N1 N3 These fields specify the convection only heat transfer coefficients for the walls horizontal heat flux and the floor downward heat flux Fields N4 N6 These specify the combined thermal radiation and convection heat transfer coefficients that are used in the basement calculation The same directions apply 79 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS IMPORTANT FILES FOR GROUND HEAT TRANSFER WITH BASEMENTS ComBldg Object This object specifies the 12 monthly average basement temperatures air temperature The last field N13 allows a daily sine wave variation to be placed on the inside temperature This was used primarily to determine that it has very little effect on the results EquivSlab Object This object provides the information needed to do the simulation as an equivalent square geometry by utilizing the area to perimeter ratio This procedure was shown to be accurate by Cogil 1998 Field N1 specifies the A P ratio and Field A1 should always be TRUE unless the user wants to specifically look at the differences between the long wall and the short wall on a rectangular configuration EquivAutoGrid Object This is necessary object since field A1 in the EquivSlab object is TRUE This object provides the information needed to set up the three dimensional conduction grid surrounding the basement Field N1 specifies the distance to the outside of the field from the basement wall It has b
28. the required macro variables are assigned using the set1 command m Then a macro is invoked with no formal parameters passed to it Each macro expects a certain set of macro variables to be defined and substitutes their values into the appropriate places in the expanded objects The overall flow when using the HVAC templates is shown in Figure 13 EP Launch and RunEplus bat will automatically execute EP Macro when the input file extension is IMF The full set of EP Macro commands are explained in a later section in this document see Input Macros However the few commands required to use the HVAC templates are also explained in this section Input File imf EP Launch or RunEplus bat include HVACTemplates imf Regular EnergyPlus objects EP Macro exe RUN PERIOD 1 1 12 31 HVAC Template commands set1 ZoneName RESISTIVE ZONE EPMIDF File setl AvailSched FanAndCoilAvailSched Regular EnergyPlus objects setl HeatSuppAirTemp 50 after macro processing set1 CoolSuppAirTemp 13 Clean IDF file setl HeatSuppAirHR 0 015 setl CoolSuppAirHR 0 010 PurchAirZone EnergyPlus exe EnergyPlus output files EnergyPlus output files EnergyPlus output files Figure 13 HVAC Template Structure The input file imf extension contains both regular EnergyPlus objects and HVAC template commands EP Launch or the RunEPlus bat batch file executes EP Macro exe which processes the HVAC te
29. 0 default 0 0 note Time relative to GMT type real field Elevation units m minimum 1000 0 maximum lt 9999 9 default 0 0 type real The Location header record duplicates the information required for the Location Object When only a Run Period object is used i e a weather file then the Location Object Is not needed When a Run Period and Design Day objects are entered then the Location on the weather file as described previously is used and overrides any Location Object entry DESIGN CONDITIONS N1 field Number of Design Conditions Al field Design Condition Source note current sources are ASHRAE HOF 2001 US Design Conditions Canadian Design Conditions note and World Design Conditions A2 field Design Condition Type HEATING note fields here will be dependent on the source they are shown in a header data format note in both the rpt and csv files that are produced by the WeatherConverter program An field Design Condition Type COOLING note same as note on Heating Design Conditions The Design Conditions header record encapsulates matching using WMO World Meteorological Organization Station Number design conditions for a weather file location Currently only those design conditions contained in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals 2001 are contained in the weather files These conditions can be used as desired In addition Design Day definition files have been created of a
30. 05 4 05 l6 03 28 02 6 05 8 05 24 03 14 05 30 02 9 03 20 04 26 05 Minimum 15 0 10 2 130 8 8 Gu 5 0 3 29 3 8 Aa 8 6 93 6 13 0 Day Hour 13 20 18 18 20 19 11 20 ITSZQ 22220 6 20 8 20 10 20 10 20 220 154449 Daily Avg 23 0 22 6 20 6 18 7 15 8 13 0 12 23 13 6 15 3 18 1 1957 231 2 Maximum Dry Bulb temperature of 41 4 C on Jan 8 Minimum Dry Bulb temperature of 3 8 C on Aug 8 4 23 05 20 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER For the dry bulb temperatures an average hourly report by month is also given Average Hourly Statistics for Dry Bulb temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 01 1 00 5 0 745 8 4 10 0 14 0 17 5 19 4 18 2 7 1 124 5 8 4 5 0 1 01 2 00 4 8 7 20 8 0 9 3 1 352 16 7 18 4 1773 16 2 1 9 Tl 4 8 2 01 3 00 4 5 6 6 7 8 8 7 12 4 T1549 17 3 16 3 15 4 L1 2 7 5 4 6 3 01 4 00 4 1 6 5 73 5 8 0 13 55 15 1 16 2 15 4 14 8 10 9 7 4 4 5 4 01 5 00 4 0 622 8 4 12 6 T5149 17 2 1549 14 0 10 4 Tl 4 5 5 01 6 00 3 9 6 0 6 8 8 8 13 7 16 7 18 1 16 3 13 2 10 0 6 8 4 6 6 01 7 00 3 8 5 4 7 4 9 2 14 8 17 6 19 1 16 8 14 4 11 6 6 9 4 3 7 01 8 00 4 8 6 3 9723 1155 16 9 19 9 21 6 19 9 157250 14 5 8 5 4 4 8 01 9 00 55 8 769 1 2 1349 19 0 22 1 24 2 23 0 19 4 ELS 05 5 555 9 01 10 00 6 8 9 8 2 0 16 2 21 1 24 4 26 7 26 2 21 8 9 97 12 6 1 2 0 01 11 00 8 2 1 5 4 5 1755 2247 26 0 28 7 28 3 24 3 21 7 14 2 8 8 1 01 12 00 9
31. 15 60 N Summer is Jun Aug Extreme Summer Week nearest maximum temperature for summer Extreme Hot Week Period selected Jul 13 Jul 19 Maximum Temp 36 70 C Deviation 11 068 C Typical Summer Week nearest average temperature for summer Typical Week Period selected Aug 17 Aug 23 Average Temp 20 89 C Deviation 0 541 C Winter is Dec Feb Extreme Winter Week nearest minimum temperature for winter Extreme Cold Week Period selected Dec 8 Dec 14 Minimum Temp 23 30 C Deviation 14 529 C Typical Winter Week nearest average temperature for winter Typical Week Period selected Jan 27 Feb 2 Average Temp 0 71 C Deviation 0 603 C Autumn is Sep Nov Typical Autumn Week nearest average temperature for autumn Typical Week Period selected Oct 27 Nov 2 Average Temp 10 38 C Deviation 0 557 C Spring is Mar May Typical Spring Week nearest average temperature for spring Typical Week Period selected Apr 5 Apr 11 Average Temp 8 77 C Deviation 0 463 C As this data is all tab delimited putting in a spreadsheet and displaying is not difficult And these can be easily used to produce graphs 4 23 05 24 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER 40 35 30 25 Degrees C 4 23 05 Daily Dry Bulb Statistics 20 4 e Daily Avg a Maximum Minimum Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug
32. 3 2 DGRAVZN Gravel depth above the floor slab m 0 2 1 DGRAVZP Gravel depth below the floor slab m 0 1 Interior TRUE COND Flag Is the basement conditioned TRUE FALSE HIN Indoor convective heat transfer coefficients W m 2 Convection Only 1 0 Downward 2 0 Upward 3 Horizontal Conv and Radiation 4 Q Downward 5 Q Upward 6 Q Horizontal 0 92 Q Downward Convection Only 4 04 Q Upward Convection Only 3 08 Q HorizontalConvection Only 6 13 Q Downward Conv and Radiation 9 26 Q Upward Conv and Radiation 8 29 Q Horizontal Conv and Radiation EquivSlab 15 0 APRatio The area to perimeter ratio for this slab m TRUE EquivSizing Flag Will the dimensions of an equivalent slab be calculated TRUE or will the dimensions be input directly FALSE Only advanced special simulations should use FALSE 4 23 05 81 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING THE INTERFACE SURFACE TEMPERATURE RESULTS IN ENERGYPLUS EquivAutoGrid NOTE EquivAutoGrid necessary when EquivSizing TRUE This is the normal case If the modelled building is not a rectangle or square Equivalent sizing MUST be used to get accurate results 15 CLEARANCE Distance from outside of wall to edge 15m Sly SlabDepth Thickness of the floor slab m 0 1 2 4 BaseDepth Depth of the basement wall below grade m ComBldg Commercial building 20 Jan Ave basement tem
33. Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 5 field TIN2 February Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 6 field TIN3 March Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 7 field TIN4 April Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 8 field TIN5 May Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 4 23 05 67 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD 9 field TIN6 June Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 10 field TIN7 July Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 11 field TIN8 August Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 12 field TIN9 September Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 13 field TIN10 October Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 14 field TIN11 NovemberIndoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 15 field TIN12 December Indoor Average temperature set point note typical value 22 units C 16 field TINAmp Daily Indoor sine wave variation amplitude note typical value 0 units C 17 field ConvTol Convergence Toleranc note typical value
34. FanAndCoilAvailSched System Availability Schedule 4 23 05 107 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Cooling Coil Parameters for COIL Water DetailedFlatCooling setl ChWCoilType DETAILED Cooling coil type SIMPLE or DETAILED setl CoolAvailSched CoolingCoilAvailSched Cooling coil availability schedule setl ChWCoilMaxChWFlw 0 0011 Max Water Flow Rate of Coil m3 sec setl ChWCoilTubeOSA 6 23816 Tube Outside Surf Area m2 setl ChWCoilTubeISA 6 20007018 Tube Inside Surf Area m2 set1 ChWCoilFinSA 101 7158224 Fin Surf Area m2 setl ChWCoilMinArea 0 300606367 Min Air Flow Area m2 Ssetl ChWCoilDepth 0 165097968 Coil Depth m setl ChWCoilHeight 0 43507152 Coil Height m setl ChWCoilFinThick 0 001499982 Fin Thickness m setl ChWCoilTubeID 0 014449958 Tube Inside Diameter m setl ChWCoilTubOD 0 015879775 Tube Outside Diameter m setl ChWCoilTubeCond 0 385764854 Tube Thermal Conductivity W m K setl ChWCoilFinCond 0 203882537 Fin Thermal Conductivity W m K setl ChWCoilFinSpace 0 001814292 Fin Spacing m setl ChWCoilTubeDepth 0 02589977 Tube Depth Spacing m set1 ChWCoilNumRow 6 Number of Tube Rows setl ChWCoilTubPerRow 16 Number of Tubes per Row Cooling Coil Parameters for COIL Water SimpleCooling setl ChWCoilType SIMPLE Cooling coil type SIMPLE or
35. File option corresponds to the DXF icon on the tool bar area and allows you to select an existing DXF file for viewing Select DXF Viewer The Select DXF Viewer option allows you to select the appropriate DXF Viewer program to be used when you want to view a DXF file from within WinEPDraw Options Menu The Options Menu has one option Options for gt 4 sided polygons Polygons with gt 4 sides do not display with the 3DFACE command we use for surfaces of 3 and 4 sides which subsequently will display very nicely as a solid in many DXF viewers Thus there are two options which the user may choose to display gt 4 sided polygons m Thick Polyline With this option the gt 4 sided polygon appears as a thicker line in all views of the building model m hin Polyline With this option the gt 4 sided polygon appears as a wire frame line in all views of the building model View Menu The view menu has one option DrawingFile Using this option or the camera icon in the tool bar area the DXF viewer program presents the building model for viewing on screen Help Menu There is no online help but you can select About Brings up the about box for the WinEPDraw program For example Choosing the File gt Select Input File menu or open file toolbar button the standard common dialog is displayed 136 WINEPDRAW INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 Look in Checkin tet Fae i My Recent Documents E Deskt
36. ODER 70 Sample IDF File Slab Program 71 Using Ground Temperatures With Basement 73 Figure 11 Basement Configuration 74 Figure 12 Output from Basement 75 THE Basement Idd o eo rt te ded tecnici tede irn 75 Description of the Objects in the 78 SimParameters 78 Matl Props ODJeGL eii ett e Rt 79 SUTACEP reps ODISCH Meta 79 BldgiDala OD e6L ee tue ei ta MM 79 ComBldg Object ices nei mte ee Ue ERR uh 80 Eg ivSlab Objets E 80 E uivA toGrid ODOC ia ttn ene uite E us 80 Important Files for Ground Heat Transfer with Basements 80 Sample idf File ue te ensis 81 Using the Interface Surface Temperature Results in EnergyPlus 82 Multiple Ground Temperatures 83 FIGICTONICOS 84 ori 5 86 VGompare lJSage re eR EE ERI 86 Table 21 VCompare Output Files and Descriptions 87 Hu e
37. SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 EconoChoice ECONOMIZER or NO ECONOMIZER See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation RATempLimit RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation RAEnthLimit RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoDXLockout NO LOCKOUT LOCKOUT WITH HEATING or LOCKOUT WITH COMPRESSOR See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation MinOALimit FIXED MINIMUM or PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoTempLimitHi Econo upper temperature limit C if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoTempLimitLo Econo lower temperature limit C if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoEnthLimit Econo upper enthalpy limit J kg if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation MinOASched Minimum Outside Air Schedule Name if no schedule See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation End outside air system parameters 112 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS DX Air Loop Autosized setl AirSysName setl AvailSched setl NumberOfZones setl ZonelName Furnace Parameters setl SystemType setl FanMode setl ControlZoneName setl HeatingCoilType setl OASys UnitaryAirLoop Autosize AHU 1 FanA
38. Sep Oct Nov Dec Month Figure 4 Graph of Spreadsheet Data Design Day Calculations Output Using the WMO field or determining it from the WBAN field the Weather Converter performs table look up in the Design Condition files to see if there are recorded design conditions for the subject location If this location is found then design day objects are produced on the resultant design day object ddy extension file ready for inclusion into an EnergyPlus input data file If no design conditions are located then the design day object file will still include a location object for inclusion with EnergyPlus However statistics using the weather file are now displayed to the statistics file these be used to create your own design day definitions but you should read the warning that is issued and take care if your weather file is only a single instance weather data representation The location objects as well as the design condition objects are constrained by the data source Some data sources do not have elevation information thus a location object from such a source will have an elevation of 0 0 Likewise the time zone of some locations may not be available from the source data nor other data resources that the weather converter uses A time zone will be estimated from the standard meridian of the location determined by the longitude but it may not be accurate A user needs to be aware of these limitations when taking the
39. Surfaces DXF does show the daylighting reference points but not illuminance map points in the DXF view 137 INPUT MACROS INTRODUCTION Input Macros Introduction The Input Macros feature increases the flexibility of the EnergyPlus input files This feature is intended for advanced users who are already familiar with EnergyPlus IDF files and need to prepare input manually The basic capabilities are m Incorporating external files containing pieces of IDF into the main EnergyPlus input stream m Selectively accepting or skipping portions of the input m Defining a block of input with parameters and later referencing this block m Performing arithmetic and logical operations on the input m Input macro debugging and listing control These capabilities are invoked in the EP MACRO program by using macro commands Macro commands are preceded by to distinguish them from regular EnergyPlus input commands After execution by the EP MACRO processor macro commands produce regular lines of EnergyPlus input that are shown in the resultant IDF file out idf and subsequently in the EnergyPlus echo print audit out Following are descriptions of the macro commands associated with the above capabilities A detailed example of input macros is given at the end of this section you should review it before reading the macro command descriptions Incorporating External Files 4 23 05 include includefilename This command put
40. able to relate ground heat transfer calculations to that model The heat balance zone model considers a single room or thermal zone in a building and performs a heat balance on it A fundamental modeling assumption is that the faces of the enclosure are isothermal planes A ground heat transfer calculation usually considers an entire building and the earth that surrounds it resulting in non isothermal face planes where there is ground contact While it is not impossible to imagine multi zone whole building models that include the surrounding earth and non isothermal building surfaces such models will not be practical for some time in the future and their usefulness even then is not clear The EnergyPlus development team addressed the problem and decided that the most reasonable first step would be to partially decouple the ground heat transfer calculation from the thermal zone calculation The most important parameter for the zone calculation is the outside face temperature of the building surface that is in contact with the ground Thus this becomes a reasonable separation plane for the two calculations It was further decided that the current usage of monthly average ground temperature was reasonable for this separation plane temperature as well since the time scales of the building heat transfer processes are so much shorter than those of the ground heat transfer processes Using the separation plane premise the 3D ground heat transfer progr
41. description may reference a standard object name for more explanation ZoneThermostat Autosize and ZoneThermostat These two commands are identical Describes the thermostatic temperature controls for one zone ZoneName The name of the zone to be controlled by this thermostat ZoneCirlSched The zone control type schedule name See ZONE CONTROL THERMOSTATIC for more explanation SnglHeatSPSched The single heating setpoint schedule name Schedule values are in C If this control type is not used then this should be set to None See SINGLE HEATING SETPOINT for more explanation SnglCoolSPSched The single cooling setpoint schedule name Schedule values are in C If this control type is not used then this should be set to None See SINGLE COOLING SETPOINT for more explanation 96 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS SnglHICISPSched The single heating cooling setpoint schedule name Schedule values in C If this control type is not used then this should be set to None See SINGLE HEATING COOLING SETPOINT for more explanation DualSPHeatSched The dual setpoint heating setpoint schedule name Schedule values are in C If this control type is not used then this should be set to None See DUAL SETPOINT WITH DEADBAND for more explanation DualSPCoolSched The dual setpoint cooling setpoint schedule name Schedule values are in C If this control type is not used then this should be se
42. design condition files for possible design conditions for the location from the stored design condition files source ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals 2001 If found WMO World Meteorological Organization id is used for matching these will be shown in the report as well as included in the output data files EPW and CSV as applicable In addition the K ppen classification scheme is used to characterize the climate based on the data file s contents Other statistics are given as well to help you visualize the data In the reporting section of the file each line contains tab delimited elements This will allow you to easily place the data into a spreadsheet program for further refinement but the tabs are not as intrusive for normal viewing as commas Audit Log File As an example the initial portion of an audit file is shown illustrating the error reporting 4 23 05 18 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER Input File Type WY2 with FileName D DevTests Release WeatherData 04772 wy2 Out of Range Data items will NOT be corrected Warning Dew Point 5 00 C gt Dry Bulb 4 90 C on date 5 1 at hour 4 Warning Dew Point 4 80 C Dry Bulb 4 40 C on date 5 1 at hour 5 Warning Dew Point 4 70 C Dry Bulb 3 80 C on date 5 1 at hour 6 Warning Suspected missing data line after processing 365 days Month 0 Day 0 Hour 0 Processing continues but may be in
43. design day files from the weather converter An excerpt of a design day output is shown in the following actual design day objects have been deleted for brevity 25 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER The following Location and Design Day data are produced as possible from the weather data source No special attempts at re creating or determining missing data parts e g Wind speed or direction are done Therefore you should look at the data and fill in any incorrect values as you desire Location Ottawa Int l ON CAN WYEC2 B 04772 Location Name 45 32000 Latitude N 5 75 67000 Longitude W E 5 000000 y Time Zone Relative to GMT GMT 114 0000 1 Elevation Using Design Conditions from Canada Climate Design Data 2001 ASHRAE Handbook Ottawa Int l ON CAN Heating 99 6 MaxDB 24 80 Wind Speed 3 90 Wind Dir 290 00 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Heating 99 MaxDB 22 20 Wind Speed 4 50 Wind Dir 250 00 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling DB gt MWB 4 MaxDB 30 10 MWB 21 30 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling DB gt MWB 1 MaxDB 28 50 MWB 20 50 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling DB gt MWB 2 MaxDB 26 80 MWB 19 50 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling WB gt MDB 4 MDB 28 00 WB 22 80 oe Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling WB gt MDB 1 MDB 26 40 WB 21 80 Ottawa Int l_ON_CAN Cooling WB gt MDB 2 MDB 25 30 WB 20 80 Ottaw
44. error Warning Suspected Blank line after processing 365 days Remaining records if any will be ignored Warning Missing Data Found on Source Weather Data File Missing and corrected Aerosol Optical Depth Number of items 8760 Warning Out of Range Data Found on Weather Data File Out of Range Dew Point Temperatures Dry Bulb Temperatures Number of items 3 Start Date End Date for Weather Source Start Date Jan 1 End Date Dec 31 Actual Data Years for Monthly Data Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 1966 1980 1964 1964 1968 19 70 1977 1981 19339 1969 1974 1960 Not all weather data sources represent contiguous years Monthly data values may come from different years Data Sources should be checked for relevancy to these statistics Average Delta DB Change 0 76 C Std Dev 0 73 C Average Delta DP Change 0 62 C Std Dev 0 69 C Average Delta Relative Humidity Change 3 50 Std Dev 3 63 Average Delta Wind Speed Change 0 93m s Std Dev 0 88m s Hourly Dry Bulb temperature change trigger minimum of 11 07 C and 10 C 11 07 C calculated trigger based on mean change in dry bulb temperature and standard deviation shown above 10 C trigger set by user Output File Type epw with FileName D DevTests Release WeatherData Out CAN_Ottawa International Airport CWEC epw Output File Type csv with FileName D DevTests Release WeatherData Out CAN_Ottawa International Airpor
45. files Full will put out a full new version with field comment lines However full does not preserve any sections that were in the previous idf file line4 yes you can put yes or no here Yes will put units on appropriate lines in the new files no does not Line5 yes you can put yes or no here Yes will leave blank fields with defaults blank no will allow the defaults to be filled in whether alpha or numeric Line6 succeeding For each file you list here assuming it will pass the parse of the old IDD you will get two files filename err and lt filename gt difnew The err file should be 4 23 05 86 VCOMPARE VCOMPARE USAGE empty The difnew file is what you want It contains the changed objects from the old IDD to the new IDD In the same order as the original file It will include comments that are start the line before the objects where they might have been embedded in the original file Also the field name comments for each field attempt to line up for better readability You also get a objstats csv file as a result This will contain the same information as in the ObjectStatus xls file for the V1 0 0 release By the way you could also use the same IDDs for both OLD and NEW as well as full to get completely annotated input files Table 21 VCompare Output Files and Descriptions VCompare Output File Name Description Eplusout err Will only occur if there are problems with the two IDDs
46. files is based on a 1951 1970 period of record The data were created by Professor Livio Mazzarella Politecnico di Milano and is named in honor of Gianni de Giorgio Chinese Typical Y ear Weather CTY W Developed for use in simulating building heating and air conditioning loads and energy use and for calculating renewable energy utilization this set of 57 weather files is based on a 1982 1997 period of record with data obtained from the U S National Climatic Data Center The data were created by Prof ZHANG Qingyuan of Tsukuba University Japan in collaboration with Joe Huang of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory The original typical year weather files are contained in Zhang Qingyuan and Joe Huang 2004 Chinese Typical Year Weather Data for Architectural Use in Chinese ISBN 7 111 14810 X Beijing China Machine Press Available from China Machine Press No 22 Baiwanzhuang Dajie Beijing CHINA 100037 Other Formats The data sets and formats described above are some of the newest formats available for use with building simulation programs Source data comes in various formats Typically the files are ASCII but the data items units item location and record length vary from format to format NCDC can provide historical data in a variety of formats TD 3280 TD 3510 TD 9950 DATSAV2 TD 9956 DATSAV3 and TD 1440 CD144 Of these the EnergyPlus weather processor cannot process any of the types yet One other format wort
47. found the expandedidf err file is created In the EPL RUN BAT file the expanded idf file is renamed to the original file name with the extension expidf The objects that are currently read by the ExpandObjects preprocessor are e COMPACT HVAC THERMOSTAT e COMPACT HVAC ZONE VAV e COMPACT HVAC SYSTEM UNITARY e COMPACT HVAC ZONE UNITARY e COMPACT HVAC SYSTEM VAV e COMPACT HVAC ZONE PURCHASED AIR e COMPACT HVAC PLANT CHILLED WATER LOOP e COMPACT HVAC PLANT CHILLER e COMPACT HVAC PLANT TOWER e COMPACT HVAC PLANT HOT WATER LOOP e COMPACT HVAC PLANT BOILER The objects created by ExpandObjects include e AIR DISTRIBUTION UNIT e AIR LOOP EQUIPMENT LIST e AIR PRIMARY LOOP e BOILER SIMPLE e BRANCH e BRANCH LIST e CHILLER ELECTRIC EIR e COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical e COIL Electric Heating e COIL Gas Heating e COIL Water Cooling e COIL Water SimpleHeating 154 EXPANDOBJECTS INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 CONDENSER LOOP CONDENSER OPERATION SCHEMES CONNECTOR LIST CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION CONTROLLER LIST CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR CONTROLLER SIMPLE COOLING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED CURVE BIQUADRATIC CURVE CUBIC CURVE QUADRATIC DIRECT AIR DUAL SETPOINT WITH DEADBAND FAN SIMPLE CONST VOLUME FAN SIMPLE ONOFF FAN SIMPLE VariableVolume FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATONLY HEATING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION MIXER NODE LIST OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE
48. ground reflectance may change Field Days Since Last Snowfall This is the value for Days Since Last Snowfall It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations CSV Format In Out For the header records in the CSV file they are basically the same as the header records for the EPW file see above However in the CSV file each header is shown and then the data Partial year files will not have all of these headers filled in Location Header Data CSV Location Title Latitude N S Longitude E W TimeZone GMT Elevation m LOCATION SYDNEY AUS IWEC Data 947670 33 95 151 18 10 0 3 0 LOCATION the city state province country and WMO fields from the EPW file are concatenated to form the Location Title The latitude longitude time zone and elevation fields are numeric Design Conditions Header Data CSV If there are design conditions then the format is as follows Number of Design Conditions Title of Design Condition Design Stat HDB 99 6 HDB 99 X WS 1 X WS 2 5 X WS 55 CM WS 4 CM MDB 4 CM WS 1 CM MDB 1 MWS 99 6 PWD 99 6 MWS 4 PWD 4 X Max X Min X StdDB Max X StdDB Min Design Stat CDB 4 C MWB 4 CDB 1 C MWB 1 CDB 2 C MWB 2 E WB 4 E MDB 4 E WB 1 E MDB 1 E WB 2 E MDB 2 DP 4 HR 4 MDB 4 DP 1 HR 1 MDB 1 DP 2 HR 2 MDB 2 DB Range Units C C m s m s m s m s C m s C m s Degree m s Degree C C
49. input file External file input1 inp file2 inp line 1a line 2a include file2 inp line 2b line 1b line 2c line 1c The end result of processing include input1 inp will be line 1a from inputt inp line 2a from file2 inp line 2b from file2 inp line 2c from file2 inp line 1b from inputt inp line 1c from inputt inp External files can also contain include commands as shown in the following example Main input file First external file Second external file input1 inp file2 inp file3 inp line 1a line 2a line 3a include file2 inp line 2b line 3b line 1b include file3 inp line 3c line 1c line 2c line 3d The end result of processing include input1 tmp will be line 1a from inputt inp line 2a from file2 inp line 2b from file2 inp line file3 inp line 3b from file3 inp line from file3 inp line from file3 inp line 2c from file2 inp line 1b from inputt inp line 1c from inputt inp Note Up to nine include commands can be nested However there should be no recursion This is an example of a recursion file1 inp contains include file2 inp file2 inp contains include file1 inp Selectively Accepting or Skipping Lines of Input 4 23 05 The if series of commands is used to selectively accept or skip lines of input according to the following sequence if conditionl linela linelb 139 INPUT MACR
50. jam 136 Figure 15 Dialog for WinEPDraw File Selection 137 MaC OS dade did dede dedidit dede dide eA teste ha AS id stata Ata dei dut 138 Introduction MERE 138 Incorporating External Files USED ERO ot e 138 Selectively Accepting or Skipping Lines of 139 Defining Blocks of Input e HER aia DP tI I mH ERI EE UR NM 141 Arithmetic ODSFAltloris 5 do lea heehee o I b vt 142 Macro Debugging and Listing Control 144 Listing TE 146 ce ga E 147 27 ON 147 Figure 16 HVAC Diagram SVG 147 Table 24 HVAC Diagram Object Names primary sort Colors 147 Table 25 HVAC Diagram Object Names and Color primary sort 149 GoettConv Coeft Check eee eee 152 osa o N 152 eue T X 152 ExpandODIecls oett been e Rue bum I EINE 154 lau ceifeil eer DES 154 cielo o 157 4 23 05 Vill INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND Introduction 4 23 05 This document will describe several of the auxiliary programs of the EnergyPlus system in more detail Th
51. literal EQS literal logical true or false case sensitive literal NES literal logical true or false case sensitive literal EQSU literal logical true or false not case sensitive literal NESU literal logical true or false not case sensitive logical AND logical logical true or false logical OR logical logical true or false NOT logical logical true or false number EQ number logical true or false number NE z number logical true or false number GT number logical true or false number GE 2 number logical true or false number LT lt number logical true or false number LE lt number logical true or false Upper or lower case is allowed for SIN COS etc Upper or lower case is allowed for OF EQS etc Example eval 1 2 when expanded becomes eval 1 eval 2 3 when expanded becomes 7 Example set1 city Washington DesignDay city SUMMER Design Day Name 143 INPUT MACROS MACRO DEBUGGING AND LISTING CONTROL gives DesignDay Washington SUMMER Design Day Name The following example illustrates the use of eval inside if commands if city EQS Chicago if city EQS Chicago and occup NES low Notes 1 For logical values False 0 or BLANK True any other character 2 A literal must be enclosed inside a pair of double quotes if it contains BLANKs or reserved characters like E g abc def Ot
52. not validated and are used to create part of the location header record in the EPW file City can be up to 30 characters in length StateProv up to 15 characters Country up to 10 characters standard 3 character abbreviation preferred Fields InLat InLong These fields are decimal equivalent for Latitude and Longitude The convention is North Latitude is positive South is negative Likewise East Longitude is positive West Longitude is negative That is if your latitude is N 30 15 North 30 degrees 15 minutes then your input is 30 25 Field InTime This field is the decimal equivalent for the Time Zone value The convention is GMT That is if your time zone is behind GMT time by 6 hours your input would be 6 Field InElev This field is the location elevation in meters Range can be from 300 to 6096 These are the values from EnergyPlus there is no validation of these in the weather converter Field InWMO This field is the WMO World Meterological Organization number for the location Though not validated per se if found in the design conditions auxiliary files the Design Day information can be generated Expected Formats for amp miscdata Fields Comments1 Comments2 These are strings After concatenation they become part of one of the Comment header lines in the EPW headers depending on Input file Type Up to 150 characters each is allowed Field SourceData This is a string
53. numeric data at the end of the file thus we used the number of records to read parameter rather than hand editing each input file 4 23 05 17 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER amp location City Beijing StateProv Beijing Country CHN InWMO 545110 InLat 39 92 InLong 116 27 InElev 55 InTime 8 amp miscdata Commentsl China Data Set Zhang Huang amp wthdata NumInHour 1 InputFileType CUSTOM InFormat DELIMITED DataElements Ignore Year Month Day Hour Ignore DryBulb DewPoint Ignore Relative_Humidity Ignore DirNorRad DifHorRad WindDir Wind Speed OpaqSkyCvr Atmos Pressure DataUnits x x x x x X k k x x wh m2 wh m2 deg m s x Pa DataConversionFactors 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 10 DelimiterChar amp datacontrol NumRecordsToSkip 0 MaxNumRecordsToRead 87 60 Reports Files Produced by the Weather Converter Minimally two outputs are produced for every weather converter run an audit log file and a statistical report file The audit log file shows details of the processing including any errors as well as the statistical report The statistical report produced from the weather conversion process is a short but complete picture of the weather data on the file A single file stat extension is produced of the statistics about the data file A feature of the weather converter is to look in several
54. of t note typical values 0 60 0 AutoGrid memo AutoGrid only necessary when EquivSizing is false EnergyPlus users he building slab he building slab 70 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD units m field SLABDEPTH note typical value units m field CL N3 oll N4 EARANC Nunits m 1 recommended memo field NX Number of cell note typical values 15 field NY Number of cell note typical values 15 field NZ Number of cell note typical values 15 field IBOX X direction note typical values 1 field JBOX Y direction Thickness of slab on grade Distance from edge of slab to domain edge note typical value 15 0 ManualGrid memo Manual Grid only necessary using manual gridding not Used only in special cases ls in the X direction ls in the Y direction ls in the Z direction cell indicator of slab edge 10 cell indicator of slab edge note typical values 1 1 XFACI memo This is onl recommended memo XFACI N2 N3 N4 N16 N17 N31 N32 Gy 5 N18 N33 N1 N15 N30 N6 N19 N34 N7 N8 N20 N21 N35 N36 1 YFACI memo This is recommended memo YFACI N2 N3 N4 N16 N17 N31 N32 e 5 N18 N33 N1 N15 N30 N6 N19 N34 N7 N8 N20 N21 N35 N36 ZFACI memo This is recommended
55. same name In addition if you have previously saved several types e g EPW and CSV but this time only save the RPT it DOES NOT create new of the others nor does it delete the previous ones WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING Convert File Pressing this button causes the processing of the data to proceed If you choose a Ist input format you will see messages as each once is completed and or has errors If you choose a single data file you will see a similar message box once the processing is done or has terminated due to errors Help No online help is yet implemented This brings up an about box for the program Definitions File amp Custom File Processing Description of Def input file Some of the data formats have inherent omissions e g TMY does not have location data BLAST ASCII does not have elevations In order to overcome this limitation and to provide further flexibility a definitions file extension must be def is implemented By naming this with the same file name as your input file in the same folder the weather converter will read the format and use that data as appropriate in the file conversions The def file uses Fortran Namelist input fields as shown in the example below The set of namelist groups is m amp location Location data m amp miscdata Comments to be applied to COMMENT2 in the EPW file and Source Data m amp wthdata
56. see if you examine the rules spreadsheet some things just can t be converted In these instances a warning message is issued see output files below and that same warning will also appear on the screen In most instances there will be an equivalent IDF comment before the offending object and the field inserted will be an indicator that something is incorrect in the translation For the transition program the IDD names are hard wired and the program uses the location from the Energy ini file to determine where to find them In other regards it is very similar to the Vcompare program described in the previous section Note that the IDF files converted will have the new dif and err files placed in the original folder that the IDF came from To use the new IDF full command just change the extension on the difnew file to IDF personally back up the old IDF first and run EnergyPlus If you 4 23 05 89 TRANSITION VCOMPARE USAGE choose the diff option you will have to cut and paste into the IDF Note that any comments from the original IDF are not carried over At this time the Transition program is not capable of accepting EP Macro enabled files and will probably choke on any commands of course an excerpt IDF file will be readily accepted and converted to a new excerpt IDF Table 23 Transition Output Files and Descriptions Transition Output File Name Description Eplusout err Will only occur if
57. skyblue salmon salmon skyblue skyblue salmon skyblue salmon wheat orangered chartreuse none none none pink tan none orange wheat wheat aliceblue aliceblue alicblue silver silver silver paleturquoise orange orange paleturquoise paleturquoise paleturquoise lightslategray lightslategray lavender orangered lightgreen 148 HVAC DIAGRAM INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE LIST OUTSIDE AIR MIXER PIPE PLANT LOAD PROFILE POND GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER PUMP CONSTANT SPEED PUMP VARIABLE SPEED PURCHASED AIR PURCHASED CHILLED WATER PURCHASED HOT WATER SINGLE DUCT VAV NOREHEAT SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT SOLAR COLLECTOR FLAT PLATE SPLITTER SURFACE GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER UNIT VENTILATOR WATER HEATER SIMPLE WATER HEATER STRATIFIED ZONE EXHAUST FAN ZONE MIXER ZONE RETURN PLENUM ZONE SPLITTER ZONE SUPPLY PLENUM none lawngreen wheat none paleturquoise springgreen springgreen none none none wheat wheat yellow wheat paleturquoise sandybrown orange orange silver wheat lightgreen wheat lightgreen Table 25 HVAC Diagram Object Names and Color primary sort Object Name EVAPCOOLER INDIRECT RDDSPECIAL EVAPCOOLER DIRECT CELDEKPAD EVAPCOOLER INDIRECT CELDEKPAD Color alicblue aliceblue aliceblue CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION chartreuse BOILER SIMPLE HUMIDIFIER STEAM ELECTRICAL OUTSIDE AIR MIXER MIXER ZONE RETURN PLENUM ZONE SUPPLY PLENUM HEATPUMP WA
58. t be described in detail here Note on the input CSV format It is the EPW CSV format The CSV format must mirror the output CSV format very closely The processor expects a Location header record and the headers for the data fields as a minimum as well as the data that supports those header fields The LST data type allows you to specify a list of files to be batch processed The format of this file is very simple however the default extensions from the preceding table must be used or you must include a def file see below for details Each line of the LST file can have a columnar structure as shown in the following table or can have the input file separated from the output file with a TAB character WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER CONVERTER USE 4 23 05 Table 3 LST File Structure Columns Contents 1 45 Name of Input File to be Processed 46 105 or follow the first name with a TAB Output File with EPW same as output type EPW CSV same as output type CSV Both same as output type both Rpt same as output type rpt Definitions File An auxiliary file the Definitions File extension def can be used to specify additional or replacement characteristics for the incoming data This file is fully described in the section Definitions File amp Custom File Processing later in this document Override Default Type This button is used as described above to select the correct d
59. these ground temperature preprocessors is not used for typical commercial buildings in the USA a reasonable default value is 2C less than the average indoor space temperature 4 23 05 33 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY HOLIDAYS DAYLIGHT SAVING Al field LeapYear Observed type choice key Yes key No note Yes if Leap Year will be observed for this file note No if Leap Year days 29 Feb should be ignored in this file A2 field Daylight Saving Start Day A3 field Daylight Saving End Day N1 field Number of Holidays essentially unlimited A4 field Holiday 1 Name A5 field Holiday 1 Day note repeat above two fields until Number of Holidays is reached The Holidays Daylight Saving header record details the start and end dates of Daylight Saving Time and other special days such as might be recorded for the weather file These can be used by keying Yes for appropriate fields in the Run Period Object Note EnergyPlus processed weather files available on the EnergyPlus web site http www energyplus gov weatherdata html have neither special days specified nor daylight saving period For example using a RunPeriod RunPeriod 1 Begin Month T Begin Day Of Month 12 End Month 31 End Day Of Month Wednesday Day Of Week For Start Day Yes Use WeatherFile Holidays Special Days No Use WeatherFile DaylightSavingPeriod Yes Apply Wee
60. units listed in the new fields Note that the IDF files converted will have the new dif and err files placed in the original folder that the IDF came from To use the new IDF full command just change the extension on the difnew file to IDF personally back up the old IDF first and run EnergyPlus If you choose the diff option you will have to cut and paste into the IDF Note that any comments from the original IDF are not carried over At this time the VCompare program is not capable of accepting EP Macro enabled files and will probably choke on any commands of course an excerpt IDF file will be readily accepted and converted to a new excerpt IDF 88 TRANSITION VCOMPARE USAGE Transition While VCompare is very useful it still leaves quite a bit of work for the user to transition from one release version to the next To help overcome this burden on the user the Transition Vold Vnew is created Note that Transition Vold Vnew is a generic way of naming the program The actual program from release to release will vary TransitionV1 2 1 to V1 2 2 exe is the current transition program that will be distributed with the V1 2 2 release It uses several important files that are included in the main EnergyPlus folder Table 22 Transition files for current release File Name Description V1 2 1 Energy idd Version 1 2 1 release Energy idd file V1 2 2 Energy idd Identical to Energy idd when distr
61. use TRUE EquivAutoGrid Object This object provides the information needed by the program to automatically generate the calculation grid when the slab is described as an equivalent slab It is necessary for EnergyPlus users because equivalent slab is the appropriate option Field SLABDEPTH Thickness of slab on grade This field specifies the thickness of the slab in meters Note that the slab top surface is level with the ground surface so this is the depth into the ground The slab depth has a significant effect on the temperature calculation and it is also important for the auto grid process The finite difference grids are set in such a way that they use the slab thickness to determine the vertical grid spacing Because of this autogridding will fail if the slab thickness is specified larger than 0 25 meters The program also is set up so that the slab is a single finite difference cell in the vertical direction Thus if the slab thickness is set too large the accuracy of the calculation may be suspect The results with three different slab thicknesses are shown below 69 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD 4 23 05 All other inputs for the runs were the same It is clear that the slab thickness has a significant effect because of the horizontal component of conduction in both directions in the slab Field CLEARANCE Distance from edge of slab to domai
62. 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 Macro definitions may have one or more arguments the maximum number of arguments is 32 When a macro with arguments is referenced its arguments must be given values When 141 INPUT MACROS DEFINING BLOCKS OF INPUT 4 23 05 a macro has no arguments the brackets are still required both for macro definition and reference Caution Square brackets have been used in some versions of EnergyPlus inputs as comment units fields These will be expanded if left in the IDF and sent to EP Macro Macro names must be unique except see set1 below i e when a macro name is defined it cannot be defined again Macro names are limited to 40 characters To summarize commands you use to define macros are the following def macro name arg1 argn macro text Defines a macro with the name macro name and arguments arg1 through argn Macro text is one or more lines of text If there are no arguments the syntax is def macro name macro text enddef Indicates the end of the macro definition initiated by def def1 arg1 argn macro text This is the same as def but there is only one line of text so that the terminating command enddef is not required fHiset1 macro name macro text Like def1 but has no arguments and macro text is evaluated before storing Macro text is evaluated means that if macro text contains other m
63. 05 Field Diffuse Horizontal Radiation This is the Diffuse Horizontal Radiation in Wh m2 If the field is missing 2 9999 or invalid lt 0 it is set to 0 Counts of such missing values are totaled and presented at the end of the runperiod Field Global Horizontal This is the Global Horizontal in lux It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Direct Normal This is the Direct Normal llluminance in lux t is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Diffuse Horizontal This is the Diffuse Horizontal in lux It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Zenith Luminance This is the Zenith Illuminance in Cd m2 It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Wind Direction This is the Wind Direction in degrees where the convention is that North 0 0 East 90 0 South 180 0 West 270 0 Values can range from 0 to 360 Field Wind Speed This is the wind speed in m sec Values can range from 0 to 40 Field Total Sky Cover This is the value for total sky cover tenths of coverage i e 1 is 1 10 covered 10 is total coverage This is not used unless the field for Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity is missing and then it is used along with Opaque Sky Cover to calculate Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity Field Opaque Sky Cover This is the value for opaque sky c
64. 12 13 08 286 Nov Nov 25 207 Dec 10 16 08 533 Dec Dec 90 333 In the preceding display for degree days users more familiar with degree days to a Fahrenheit temperature base may wish to multiply the degree day or degree hour values by 9 5 Monthly Average Daily Relative Humidity Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul 4am 85 JA 78 67 67 53 53 10am 78 64 58 46 40 35 31 3pm 61 46 49 35 27 26 20 10pm 80 66 75 58 50 45 39 Maximum 100 100 100 89 93 90 80 Day Hour lvl 16 01 8 IZ SO 21 22 9 07 19 04 Minimum 15 12 10 15 5 6 5 Day Hour 25 13 26 14 EELS 316 6 16 2 16 13213 Monthly Indicators for Precipitation Moisture kPa Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul 0 8 0 9 0 9 0 9 1 0 l1 Aug 31s 57 34 22 44 81 04 TI Aug l l Sep 54 38 23 42 90 28 06 Sep 0 9 Oct 58 39 at 49 93 14 12 Oct 0 8 Nov 70 57 47 66 100 13 08 10 2 14 Nov 0 8 Dec 80 73 56 77 100 20 14 15 Tiel Dec 0 8 4 23 05 22 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER Monthly Statistics for Solar Wh m Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Direct Avg 2587 3868 4934 6992 8206 8832 10020 8917 7883 5853 3491 2351 Direct Max 5653 8231 9156 10173 11433 11424 10752 9893 9286 7691 6840 5601 Day 5 28 23 30 6 11 13 8 8 11 1 22 Diffuse Avg 833 1043 1538 1893 2072 2119 1800 1562 1203 1054 883 751 Maximum Direct
65. 2 2 48 5 79 18 71 19 41 19 5 19 65 18 45 19 29 18 96 19 52 2 14 491 18 98 19 53 19 55 19 69 18 8 19 45 19 16 19 62 1 91 388 19 14 19 61 19 59 19 71 18 97 19 53 19 31 19 68 1 75 32 19 34 19 7 19 62 19 74 19 23 19 65 19 46 19 75 1 61 2 49 19 37 19 71 19 65 19 76 19 17 19 62 19 57 19 8 15 19 34 19 7 19 67 19 77 19 07 19 58 19 61 19 62 1 41 19 13 19 6 19 69 19 78 18 7 19 4 19 56 19 8 134 18 89 19 49 19 7 19 79 18 35 19 25 19 43 19 74 1 29 18 68 19 4 19 7 19 79 18 12 19 14 19 25 19 66 1 27 1 3 4 5 6 7 wt AU N NOS CO CO NO C Figure 12 Output from Basement program Column B gives the basement zone temperature This can vary month by month as will be explained later Column C is the monthly average wall outside face temperature as shown in the diagram above Column D is the corresponding average monthly average inside wall face temperature Columns E and F contain the same information for the basement floor slab Columns G J contain the same information for the upper half and the lower half of the basement walls Columns K through N contain the monthly average heat flux for the floor the walls the upper half of the walls and the lower half of the walls The flux is reported in units of W square meter The Basement idd The basement idd objects and fields are shown below Basement foundation heat transfer module Input Data Dictionary file Created August 18 2000 Written by Edward Cle
66. 2 K 4 23 05 71 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD 4 23 05 MatlProps 2300 1200 653 1200 1 BoundConds RUE TRUE FALSE BldgProps 10 0 4 18 18 18 20 20 20 22 22 22 22 20 20 0 0 TO Insulation 0 EquivSlab 10 TRUE EquivAutoGrid ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS MATLPROPS RHO Slab Material density kg m3 RHO Soil Density kg m3 CP Slab CP J kg K CP Soil CP J kg K TCON Slab k W m K TCON Soil k W m K ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS BOUNDCONDS EVTR Is surface evapotranspiration modeled FIXBC is the lower boundary at a fixed temperatur OLDTG is there an old ground temperature fil ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS BLDGPROPS ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS IYRS Number of years to iterate Shape Slab shape HBLDG Building height m TIN1 January Indoor Average temperature set point TIN2 February Indoor Average temperature set point C TIN3 arch Indoor Average temperature set point C TIN4 April Indoor Average temperature set point C TIN5 May Indoor Average temperature set point TIN6 June Indoor Average temperature set point TI
67. 20 kg air See PURCHASED AIR for more explanation CoolSuppAirHR The cooling supply air humidity ratio in kg H20 kg air See PURCHASED AIR for more explanation Purchased Air setl ZoneName Parameters used by PurchAirZone RESISTIVE ZONE Zone name setl HeatSuppAirTemp 50 Heating Supply Air Temp C setl CoolSuppAirTemp 13 Cooling Supply Air Temp C setl HeatSuppAirHR 0 015 Heating Supply Air Humidity Ratio kg H20 kg air setl CoolSuppAirHR 0 010 Cooling Supply Air Humidity Ratio kg H20 kg air PurchAirZone Objects generated 4 23 05 CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST NODE LIST PURCHASED AIR 4PipeFanCoilZone Autosize and 4PipeFanCoilZone Describes the zone equipment and demand side branches for one zone on a four pipe fan coil system The following parameters are required for both commands ZoneName The name of the zone to be served by this fan coil unit AvailSched Availability schedule name for this fan coil unit HeatAvailSched Availability schedule name for the heating coil in this fan coil unit CoolAvailSched Availability schedule name for the cooling coil in this fan coil unit The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command ZoneSuppAirFlow Zone supply air flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneOutAirFlow Zone outside air flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE fo
68. 3 05 1 field RINS R value of under slab insulation note typical value 0 2 0 units m2 K W 2 field DINS Width of strip of under slab insulation note typical value 0 2 0 units m 3 field RVINS R value of vertical insulation note typical value 0 3 0 units m2 K W 4 field ZVINS Depth of vertical insulation note only use values 2 4 6 8 1 0 1 5 2 0 2 5 3 0 Nunits m 5 field IVINS Flag Is there vertical insulation note values 1 0 no EquivSlab Object This object provides the basic information for running a model that uses the area over perimeter ratio of the slab to determine the size of an equivalent rectangular slab Field APRatio The area to perimeter ratio for this slab This field specifies the area over perimeter ratio of the slab in meters Field EquivSizing This field value should be TRUE This means that the program will determine the dimensions of the equivalent slab that satisfactorily models the A P ratio The object is shown below EquivSlab memo Using an equivalent slab allows non rectangular shapes to be modelled accurately memo The simulation default should be EquivSizing True N1 field APRatio The area to perimeter ratio for this slab units m Al field EquivSizing note Flag Will the dimensions of an equivalent slab note be calculated TRUE or will the dimensions be input directly FALSE note It is recommended that EnergyPlus users
69. 5 e COUNTIF gt 40 e COUNTIF gt 45 e COUNTIF gt 50 e COUNTIF gt 55 e COUNTIF gt 60 e COUNTIF gt 65 e COUNTIF gt 70 e COUNTIF gt 75 e COUNTIF gt 80 e COUNTIF gt 85 e COUNTIF gt 90 4 23 05 157 CSVPROC INTRODUCTION e COUNTIF gt 95 e COUNTIF gt 100 e COUNTIF 1 e COUNTIF lt 19 9 e COUNTIF gt 24 0 These statistics are put into another CSV file with the name PROC csv Obviously not all statistics are relevant for every output report variable The average is based on the sum divided by the number of non blank rows The average is not based on the length of time for that timestep Due to this CSVproc is best suited for an hourly output file Source code is available upon request from jglazer gard com 4 23 05 158
70. 7 Sul 5 9 18 9 24 3 2 ed 30 7 30 4 26 5 231 15 4 10 3 25015153 2007 X11 4 2 6 9 20 2 25 9 29 3 32 8 325 28 4 24 4 16 4 11 4 3 01 14 00 11 4 4 8 Pad 20 7 26 4 29 9 33 4 33 1 29 1 25 2 16 9 12 3 4 01 15 00 11 8 52 7 45 21 2 26 9 30 5 34 0 33 6 30 23 25 4 16 7 12 8 5201 16300 1271 13 21 8 27 4 31 1 34 7 34 2 30 6 24 7 5 29 12 3 6 01 17 00 10 6 4 1 5 8 2073 25 9 29 9 3335 32 4 30 0 22 3 14 1 10 2 7 01 18 00 9 0 2 4 3 8 18 8 24 5 28 8 32 3 30 7 27 9 19 9 12 8 8 9 8 01 19 00 7 5 0 9 2 16 17 4 234 271 6 31 2 29 0 25 0 18 0 11 6 7 8 9 01 20 00 6 9 0 0 1 6 15 8 23153 25 4 28 6 26 6 22 8 16 5 10 9 7 0 20 01 21 00 6 4 9 4 0 6 14 4 19 5 29 2 26 1 24 3 21 3 1543 10 3 6 4 21 01222 00 58 9 0 0 1 12 9 1 21 0 23 6 22 1 20 2 14 3 97 6 0 22 01 23 00 5 55 8 6 9 35 11 8 16 2 19 5 214 20 3 19 2 1335 9 3 556 23 01 24 00 52 8 1 8 9 10 9 15 0 18 5 20 4 19 1 18 1 12 8 8 9 52 Max Hour 16 15 15 16 16 16 16 16 16 15 14 15 Min Hour 7 7 6 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 jJ This is followed by the remainder of the monthly displays Monthly Statistics for Dew Point temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Maximum 12 6 11 8 14 5 12 1 16 0 13 3 l555 16 1 12 6 13 4 13 2 12 29 Day Hour 15 18 D6 ll 9 13 5019 19219 Se UG 17 19 4 19 5 01 17 23 19 223 20 16 Minimum emVe LI 6 0 013 9 6 6 7 4 4 3 7 0 sO Soy Day Hour 25 22 5 10 1 20 24 19 6 16 3 24 27 16 18 01 Sols 2 323 10 20 MEAM Daily Avg 24 3 14 9 4 6 3 9 95 3 6 3 6 9 7 8 545 352 2 6 1 9 Maxi
71. 8 18218 16 99714 23 16 39435 18 19834 17 47902 24 16 41942 18 23298 17 99639 A plot of the daily profiles is shown below Note that the inside temperature change of 4 C produces only a small change in the slab lower face temperature Slab with Sinusoidal Inside Temp e Out Ts m Core Qut Ts A Inside Temp Temperature C Figure 8 Daily Temperature Profiles Slab The resulting heat fluxes are shown below They can be compared with the fluxes shown above for the constant inside temperature run The changes resulting from a fairly large 4 C daily temperature variation are probably not significant Month Average Perimeter Core Inside Perimeter Heat Flux Average Heat Flux W m 2 W m 2 1887 1777 1913 20 826 419 6 1917 1834 1937 20 __ 615 307 8 2105 2036 2121 22 __ 607 3 352 9 21 09 2038 12126 22 __ 600 337 O 4 23 05 62 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS SLAB CONFIGURATION DRAWING Slab configuration Drawing The slab configuration used in the slab model is a slab in grade model That is the slab top surface is assumed to be level with the outside earth surface If a slab in grade configuration having the bottom surface of the slab level with the outside earth surface is desired the best approximation is to use the horizontal insulation configuration The edge of the slab will have a small thermal re
72. 84 7 Heavy ice fog beginning 1984 8 Heavy ground fog beginning 1984 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes These values recorded only when visibility is less than 11 km 10 Occurrence of 0 7 9 0 Smoke Smoke Haze 1 Haze Smoke and 2 Smoke and haze Haze Blowing 3 Dust Snow Blowing 4 Blowing snow Spray or Dust 5 Blowing spray 6 Dust storm beginning 1984 7 Volcanic ash 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes These values recorded only when visibility is less than 11 km 11 Occurrence of 0 2 9 0 Light ice pellets Ice Pellets 1 Moderate ice pellets 2 Heavy ice pellets 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Field Precipitable Water This is the value for Precipitable Water in mm It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations primarily due to the unreliability of the reporting of this value 42 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM CSV FORMAT IN OUT Field Aerosol Optical Depth This is the value for Aerosol Optical Depth in thousandths It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Snow Depth This is the value for Snow Depth in cm This field is used to tell when snow is on the ground and thus the
73. 8889 46 111111 19 444444 35 0 200d FALSE The 1st line is the user selected name of the curve The 2nd line contains the 6 biquadratic curve coefficients comma separated The 3rd line contains the min and max values of the 1st independent variable comma separated The 4th line contains the min and max values of the 2nd independent variable comma separated The 5th line contains the rated values of the 1st amp 2nd independent variables comma separated The 6th line contains the delta T for the output performance map The output file is CoeffCheckOutput txt status NEW There is an example input file and an example output file installed with the program 153 EXPANDOBJECTS INTRODUCTION ExpandObjects Introduction 4 23 05 The ExpandObjects program is a preprocessor that is currently used with the CompactHVAC objects The preprocessor reads an in idf file and generates an expanded idf file The in idf file contains objects that will be read by the preprocessor and those that are ignored by the preprocessor The objects read can be either commented out or left as is The objects created by the preprocessor in the expanded idf file should require no further preprocessing The preprocessor does not read the Energy IDD and does limited validation Most of the object values that are created are passed through from input objects This allows EnergyPlus to provide most of the validation If errors are
74. A FanAndCoilAvailSched Available Schedule 400 0 UA of the Coil W K Units Change next field kg s m3 s old value in old units shown 1 8 Max Water Flow Rate of Coil m3 s 4 23 05 87 VCOMPARE VCOMPARE USAGE 4 23 05 Bldg A Zone 3 Reheat Water Inlet Node Coil Water Inlet Node Bldg A Zone 3 Reheat Water Outlet Node Coil Water Outlet Nod Bldg A Zone 3 Reheat Air Inlet Node Coil Air Inlet Node Bldg A Zone 3 Reheat Air Outlet Node Coil Air Outlet Node Fields Field Name ChgtUnits Change CONTROLLER SIMPLE temp from setpoint Bldg A Main Cooling Coil Controller Name TEMP 1 Control variable Reverse Action FLOW 1 Actuator variable Bldg A Air Loop Outlet Node Control Node Bldg A Cooling Coil Water Inlet Node Actuator Node 0 1 Controller Convergence Tolerance delta Units Change next field kg s m3 s old value in old units shown Iu Max Actuated Flow m3 s Units Change next field kg s gt m3 s old value in old units shown 0 0 Min Actuated Flow m3 s Note that the Units comment Units Change next field kg s gt m3 s old value in old units shown shows the value e g 1 1 as it originally appeared in your input file and these are in the old units whereas the rest of the line may show the new units for the field if you chose to have
75. Analysis in Proceedings of EPIC 98 Second International Conference on Energy Performance and Indoor Climate in Buildings Lyon France 19 21 November 1998 National Climatic Data Center NCDC 1976 Test Reference Year TRY Tape Reference Manual TD 9706 September 1976 Asheville North Carolina National Climatic Data Center U S Department of Commerce NCDC 1981 Typical Meteorological Year User s Manual TD 9734 Hourly Solar Radiation Surface National Climatic Data Center 1981 Typical Meteorological Year User s Manual TD 9734 Hourly Solar Radiation Surface Meteorological Observations May 1981 Asheville North Carolina National Climatic Data Center U S Department of Commerce Meteorological Observations May 1981 Asheville North Carolina National Climatic Data Center U S Department of Commerce NCDC 1993 Solar and Meteorological Surface Observation Network 1961 1990 Version 1 0 September 1993 Asheville North Carolina National Climatic Data Center U S Department of Commerce National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL 1995 User s Manual for TMY2s Typical Meteorological Years NREL SP 463 7668 and TMY2s Typical Meteorological Years Derived from the 1961 1990 National Solar Radiation Data Base June 1995 CD ROM Golden Colorado National Renewable Energy Laboratory http rredc nrel gov solar pubs tmy2 Numerical Logics 1999 Canadian Weather for Energy Calculations Users Manual and CD RO
76. Autosize VAVZone Describes the zone equipment and demand side branches for one zone on a single duct VAV reheat system The following parameters are required for both commands ZoneName Zone name AvailSched Availability schedule name for this VAV terminal unit ReheatCoilType Reheat coil type for this VAV terminal unit HOTWATER ELECTRIC GAS or NONE omitted defaults to HOTWATER The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command 100 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS ZoneSuppAirFlow Zone supply air flow rate m3 s at full flow See SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT for more explanation ZoneMinAirFrac Zone minimum supply air flow fraction See SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT for explanation ZoneMaxHWFlow more Zone max reheat hot water flow rate m3 s See SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT for more explanation ZoneMinHWFlow Zone min reheat hot water flow rate m3 s See SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT for more explanation ZoneHWTolerance Zone tolerance on hot water control C See SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT for explanation ZoneHeatCoilUA more Zone heating coil UA W K See COIL WATER SIMPLEHEATING for more explanation VAV Zone Autosized setl ZoneName setl AvailSched RESISTIVE ZONE FanAndCoilAvailSched Zone name System Availability Schedule setl ReheatCoilType HOTWATER Reheat coil type HOTWATER ELECTRIC GAS NONE
77. C MWB 1 CDB 2 C MWB 2 E WB 4 E MDB 4 E WB 1 E MDB 1 E WB 2 E MDB 2 DP 4 HR 4 MDB 4 DP 1 HR 1 MDB 1 DP 2 HR 2 2 DB Range Units ECY C C C C oj C ICI UC 2C 2C g kg C C g kg C C g kg C C COOLING 32 2 20 29 5 19 7 249 20 1 23 28 22 3 264 2 2T 25 3 2l 16 4 24 8 21 1 15 8 24 3 20 6 I5593 23 9 6 7 Or if the weather converter must calculate the design stats Statistics for SAU Jiddah Location JEDDAH 1980 21 30 E 39 12 GMT 3 0 Hours Elevation Om above sea level Standard Pressure at Elevation 101325Pa WMO Station unknown Using Design Conditions calculated from this weather file The following design temperature statistics are calculated based on THIS weather file ONLY may not be representative of a long term period of record normally used for design temperatures Also note that dew point temperatures are listed where wet bulb temperatures are normally presented Design Stat HDB 99 6 HDB 99 Units C C3 HEATING 16 0 l1 Design Stat CDB 4 CDB 1 CDB 2 CDP 4 CDP 1 CDP 2 Units C PET COOLING 40 1 40 1 39 0 27 6 2152 26 6 These are followed by groupings of Monthly data Monthly Statistics for Dry Bulb temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Maximum 41 4 34 4 30 0 2 0 26 4 22 7 2640 25 7 28 3 354 0 36 0 374 3 Day Hour 8
78. CE WEATHER DATA FORMATS Radiation Values Direct Diffuse 0 0 Wh m2 Values 0 0 lux or CD m2 Barometric pressure based on location elevation is taken from ASHRAE 2001 Handbook of Fundamentals pages 6 1 amp 6 2 Source Weather Data Formats 4 23 05 Source weather data for building energy simulation programs can be broken into two major classes historical data and typical weather years Historical data is just real data usually measured but sometimes modeled data from a particular location for a given period of record Typical years are ersatz years assembled to match the long term data from a particular location using a particular statistical measure Typical data may also be real data but may not be a contiguous year the data may be comprised of months from multiple years The primary source for historical weather data is the U S National Climatic Data Center NCDC in Asheville NC http www ncdc noaa gov NCDC can provide hourly historical data for thousands of locations around the world This data may not always be complete data items or periods of record may be missing Data Set vs Data Format In this document as well in many others you will read about a certain data set and you will also read about data in a certain format e g the TMY2 data set and the TMY2 data format Simply stated a data set refers to a set of data files developed around a set of procedures
79. COMMANDS setl ZoneName setl AvailSched setl ZoneSuppAirFlow setl ZoneOutAirFlow setl ZoneMaxChwWF low setl ZoneMinChWF low setl ZoneChWTolerance setl ZoneMaxHWFlow setl ZoneMinHWFlow setl ZoneHWTolerance RESISTIVE ZONE Zone name FanAndCoilAvailSched Availability schedule 84 Zone supply air flow rate m3 s lt 05 Zone outside air flow rate m3 s 0 0010 Zone max chilled water flow rate m3 s 0 0 Zone min chilled water flow rate m3 s 0 001 Zone tolerance on chilled water control C 0 0005 Zone max hot water flow rate m3 s 0 Zone min hot water flow rate m3 s 4 00n oOo 1ooooooocoocoo 001 Zone tolerance on hot water control C setl ZoneFanEffic 5 Zone fan total efficiency setl ZoneFanPressure 75 0 Zone fan pressure rise Pa setl ZoneFanMtrEffic 0 9 Zone fan motor efficiency setl ZoneFanMtrInAir 1 0 Zone fan motor in air stream fraction setl ZoneCoolCoilUA 600 0 Zone cooling coil UA W K setl ZoneCoolCoilLvRH 0 9 Zone cooling coil leaving air relative humidity setl ZoneHeatCoilUA 400 0 Zone heating coil UA W K 4PipeFanCoilZone Objects generated 4 23 05 OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE LIST CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST NODE LIST FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE OUTSIDE AIR MIXER FAN SIMPLE ConstVolume COIL Water SimpleCooling COIL Water SimpleHeating BRANCH VAVZone
80. COOLING for more explanation ChWCoilLvRH Chilled water coil leaving relative humidity fraction O to 1 See COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING for more explanation End Parameters for simple cooling coil Parameters for detailed cooling coil ChWCoilType Cooling coil type SIMPLE or DETAILED SIMPLE uses COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING DETAILED uses COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING ChWCoilMaxChWFlw Maximum chilled water flow rate through the coil m sec See COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING or COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilTubeOSA Tube outside surface area m2 See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilTubelSA Tube inside surface area m2 See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilFinSA Fin surface area m2 See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilMinArea Minimum air flow area m2 See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilDepth Coil depth m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilHeight Coil height m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilFinThick Fin thickness m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation 104 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 ChWCoilTubelD Tube inside diameter m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilTubOD Tube outside diameter m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOL
81. California Climate Zones 2 22 48 Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment SWERA 48 Spanish Weather for Energy Calculations SWEC 48 Italian Climatic data collection Gianni De Giorgio IGDG 49 Chinese Typical Year Weather 49 Other ORAS e ete t t tee oboe dul ote fu 49 CUSTOM Format oet M ebd LEM Ld EE 49 E 49 Table 12 Summary of Downloadable Weather Data by Type 50 Data Sources Uncertainty eoi pete od Deae b t Reeve e en 50 Table 13 Key to Data Source and Uncertainty Flags 50 Table 14 Solar Radiation and Illuminance Data Source Flag Codes 51 4 23 05 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table 15 Solar Radiation and Illuminance Data Uncertainty Flag Codes 52 Table 16 Meteorological Data Source Flag 52 Table 17 Meteorological Uncertainty Flag 53 Interface to the EPlusWth dll eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeessss 53 Files used by EPlusWith dll i tapa nn icone 53 Public calls To EPIusWin dll o ege treten a detail 54 Table 18 Trigger Limit Call 55 Table 19 Val
82. Canada CWEC data The 55 locations from the CWEC data set m gt 550 International 2 locations from the TMY2 data set 4 locations from the TMY data set that were not duplicated in the TMY2 data set 227 locations from the IWEC data set 156 from the SWERA data set 52 from the SWEC data set 66 from IGDG data set 57 from CTYW data set This data has been selected with the energy simulation user in mind All the data as well as the statistical reports described later in this document is downloadable for individual locations WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER DATA AVAILABILITY Table 1 Comparison of E E with ESP r DOE 2 and BLAST Weather Data Formats Data Element DOE 2 BLAST ESP r E E Location name latitude longitude elevation time zone X X X Data source Commentary X Design conditions Typical extreme periods X Data periods Holiday Daylight Saving Solar Angles Equation of Time Hours Degree Days Year Month Day Hour Minute Data source and uncertainty flags Dry bulb temperature Wet bulb temperature Dew point temperature Atmospheric station pressure Humidity ratio Relative humidity X Enthalpy Density Wind Speed Wind Direction Infrared Sky Temperature Solar Radiation global normal diffuse Illuminance global normal diffuse Sky cover cloud amount X Opaque sky cover Visibility Ceiling height Clearness monthly X Ground temperatures monthly X Present weather observ
83. ChWDemandSysName Chilled Water Loop 1 Chilled water demand side system setl ChWLoopName Chiller Plant Supply side plant name setl ChWLoopAvailSch ON Chiller availability schedule setl ChWLoopTempSch CW Loop Temp Schedule Chilled water setpoint schedule C setl ChWLoopSetPoint 6 67 Chilled water setpoint C if schedule None Ssetl ChWLoopMaxTemp 98 Max chilled water temperature C setl ChWLoopMinTemp 1 Min chilled water temperature Ssetl ChWLoopMaxFlow ChillerEvWFlow Max ChW flow total to all zones m3 s set1 ChWLoopMinFlow 0 Min ChW flow total to all zones m3 s setl ChWLoopVolume autosize ChW loop volume m3 Chilled Water Pump Parameters for PUMP VARIABLE SPEED setl ChWPmpType Variable ChW Pump Type Variable or Constant setl ChWPmpHead 300000 ChW Pump Rated Pump Head Pa setl ChWPmpPower 500 ChW Pump Rated Power Consumption W setl ChWPmpMtrEff 0 87 ChW Pump Motor Efficiency setl ChWPmpMtrToFluid 0 0 ChW Pump Frac Motor Inefficiencies to Fluid setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeffl 1 0 ChW Pump Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeff2 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeff3 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeff4 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient4 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT ChW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS ChillerSupply1
84. D T esting W eatherS tuff 448903 IWC Weather Select File to Convert Data File Data ASHRAE format Type Override Default Type Select Output Format EnergyPlus weather format EPW ID T esting W eatherStuff 448903IWEC epw Converted File Figure 3 Convert Data Screen selections The screen is navigated by choosing the following buttons on the left portion of the screen Interpretation from the program is shown in the status boxes on the right portion of the screen 4 23 05 8 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER CONVERTER USE 4 23 05 Select File to Convert Selecting this command button brings up a common dialog interface that allows you to select a file for conversion from a specific set of default file extensions These are shown in the following table Table 2 Input File Extensions with implied Data types File Extension Implicit Data File Type TMY2 IWEC WYEC2 SAMSON EnergyPlus E E DOE 2 Formatted File Comma Delimited File EPW Format ESP r Climate Formatted File BLAST ASCII TMY TMY3 Ecotect WEA file Custom must have def file as specified below Processing List of Files Of course the all files may be used as well If the file selected is not one of the above types you will be cautioned to use the override default type button to select the correct type before proceeding Most of the data file types are described in other publications and won
85. DETAILED setl CoolAvailSched CoolingCoilAvailSched Cooling coil availability schedule setl ChWCoilUA autosize ChW Coil UA W K setl ChWCoilMaxChWFlw autosize ChW Coil Max Water Flow Rate m3 sec setl ChWCoilLvRH 0 9 ChW Coil Leaving Relative Humidity fraction 0 to 1 Cooling Coil Controller Parameters for Controller Simple setl ChWCtrlOffset 0 001 Controller Convergence Tolerance C setl ChWCtrlMaxFlow 0 0011 Cooling Coil Control Max Actuated Flow m3 s setl ChWCtrlMinFlow 0 0 Cooling Coil Control Min Actuated Flow m3 s setl ColdSupplyTSch Seasonal Reset Supply Air Temp Sch Cooling Coil Control Setpoint Schedule VAV Fan Parameters for FAN SIMPLE VariableVolume setl FanEffic 0 7 Fan Total Efficiency setl FanPressure 600 0 Delta Pressure Pa setl FanMinVolFlow 0 20 Min Vol Flow Rate m3 s setl FanMtrEffic 0 9 Motor efficiency setl FanMtrInAir 1 Motor in air stream fraction setl VAVFanCoeffl 0 35071223 Fan Coeff 1 setl VAVFanCoeff2 0 30850535 Fan Coeff 2 setl VAVFanCoeff3 0 54137364 Fan Coeff 3 setl VAVFanCoeff4 0 87198823 Fan Coeff 4 setl VAVFanCoeff5 0 000 Fan Coeff 5 Outside Air Parameters setl MinOAFlow 0 4333 Minimum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s i setl MaxOAFlow 1 3 Maximum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s setl EconoChoice ECONOMIZER ECONOMIZER or NO ECONOMIZER setl RATempLimit NO RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT or NO RE
86. ED WATER or l CHILLER ELECTRIC hillerCOP 3 2 Chiller COP optional defaults to 3 2 hillerFlowMode VariableFlow Chiller Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow hillerCondType WATER COOLED Chiller condenser type WATER COOLED AIR COOLED or EVAP COOLED hWPmpType Variable ChW Pump Type Variable or Constant hWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT ChW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS setl 4 23 05 123 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Single Chiller Supply Chiller Parameters for PURCHASED CHILLED WATER setl ChillerType PURCHASED CHILLED WATER Chiller Object Type all dashes setl ChillerCap 1000000 Chiller capacity W Chiller Parameters for CHILLER CONST COP setl ChillerType CHILLER CONST COP Chiller Object Type all dashes setl ChillerCap 30000 Chiller capacity W setl ChillerCOP 5 85 Chiller COP 4 312 8 m3 s per W is equivalent to 2 4 gpm per ton setl ChillerEvWFlow ChillerCap 0 00000004312 Chiller evaporator vol flow rate m3 s 5 39E 8 m3 s per W is equivalent to 3 gpm per ton setl ChillerCdWFlow ChillerCap 0 0000000539 Chiller condenser vol flow rate m3 s setl ChillerCondType WATER COOLED Chiller condenser type WATER COOLED AIR COOLED EVAP COOLED setl ChillerFlowMode ConstantFlow Chiller Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow setl
87. ENERGYPLUS Auxiliary EnergyPlus Programs To Increase Your Efficiency at Using EnergyPlus Date April 23 2005 COPYRIGHT 1996 2005 THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AND THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA THROUGH THE ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY ALL RIGHTS RESERVED NO PART OF THIS MATERIAL MAY BE REPRODUCED OR TRANSMITTED IN ANY FORM OR BY ANY MEANS WITHOUT THE PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS OR THE ERNEST ORLANDO LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATIONAL LABORATORY ENERGYPLUS IS A TRADEMARK OF THE US DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY TABLE OF CONTENTS lige le Ute Lte a ete onte ortu ntn onte ntpote 1 Weather Converter Program ce ee ERR E ER ER RE RR ERE gh 2 fie e fell a o 2 New Weather Format for Simulation Programs 3 Weather Data Availability 4 Table 1 Comparison of E E with ESP r DOE 2 and BLAST Weather Data Formats 5 Weather Converter cie i t e PR Sek rape ERU ed als ellus eed 6 Figure 1 Main menu screen of the Weather Converter Utility 6 File Maris e oou deseen cues be eb dipende 6 Figure 2 Delta DB Trigger Selection sese 7 Converting Data ret ete ub Fa kin ela e aere eR cR ed 8 Figure 3 Convert Data Screen selections
88. ERATURES WITH BASEMENTS BldgData N1 field DWALL Wall thickness note typical value 2 units m N2 field DSLAB Floor slab thickness units m maximum 0 25 N3 field DGRAVXY Width of gravel pit beside basement wall units m N4 field DGRAVZN Gravel depth extending above the floor slab units m N5 field DGRAVZP Gravel depth below the floor slab units m note typical value 0 1 1 Interior Al field COND Flag Is the basement conditioned TRUE FALSE HIN Indoor convective heat transfer coefficients W m 2 Convection Only 1 Q Downward 2 Q Upward 3 Q Horizontal l Conv and Radiation 4 Q Downward 5 Q Upward 6 Q Horizontal N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 ComBldg Tbasement Basement monthly average temperature C N1 Jan N2 Feb N3 Mar N4 Apr N5 N6 Jun N7 Jul N8 Aug N9 Sep N10 Oct N11 Nov N12 Dec N13 Daily variation sine wave amplitude C Normally zero just for checking EquivSlab Supplies the EquivSizing Flag Using an equivalent slab allows non rectangular shapes to be modeled accurately The simulation default should be EquivSizing True N1 field APRatio The area to perimeter ratio for this slab units m Al field EquivSizing Flag note Will the dimensions of an equivalent slab be calculated TRUE note or will the dimensions be input directly FALSE note Only advanced special simulations should use FALSE
89. EquivAutoGrid note EquivAutoGrid necessary when EquivSizing TRUE note This is the normal case N1 field CLEARANCE Distance from outside of wall to edge units m note typical value 15m N2 field ConcAGHeight Height of foundation wall above grade note for energyplus this should be zero Simulate such sections note with normal EnergyPlus walls units m N3 field SlabDepth Thickness of the floor slab units m note typical value 0 1 N4 field BaseDepth Depth of the basement wall below grade units m 4 23 05 77 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE BASEMENTGHT IDD The following input objects are required only for special cases AutoGrid NOTE AutoGrid only necessary when EquivSizing is false If the modelled building is not a rectangle or square Equivalent sizing MUST be used to get accurate results N1 field CLEARANCE Distance from outside of wall to edge 15m N2 field SLABX X dimension of the building slab 0 60 0 m N3 field SLABY Y dimension of the building slab 0 60 0 m N4 field ConcAGHeight Height of the fndn wall above grade m N5 field SlabDepth Thickness of the floor slab m 0 1 N6 field BaseDepth Depth of the basement wall below grade m ManualGrid NOTE Manual Grid only necessary using manual gridding not recommended N1 field NX Number of cells in the X direction 20 N2 field NY Number o
90. GHT idd SimParameters Object Field F Multiplier for the ADI solution This field specifies a alternating direction iteration scheme multiplier It should normally be set to 0 1 It can be increased if the soil conductivity is high Field IYRS Maximum number of yearly iterations 4 23 05 This specifies the maximum number of years the simulation will be allowed to run If convergence is reached the simulation will not run this long It can be used to stop simulation before quasi steady convergence state is reached 78 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE BASEMENTGHT IDD 4 23 05 MatlProps Object Field 1 This field specifies the number of materials whose properties are going to be specified The order of the materials is not adjustable so six materials need to be specified For the EnergyPlus basement application only the foundation wall floor slab soil and gravel are used Fields 2 19 These eighteen fields specify the density specific heat and thermal conductivity for the materials in groups of six SurfaceProps Object The first six fields in this object specify the parameters used in the surface heat transfer boundary condition determination They are specified for no snow and snow covered conditions Field N1 and N2 These fields specify the surface solar albedo for no snow and snow covered conditions Solar albedo is more commonly available than the solar absorptivit
91. ING for more explanation ChWCoilTubeCond Tube thermal conductivity W m K See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilFinCond Fin thermal conductivity W m K See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilFinSpace Fin spacing m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilTubeDepth Tube depth spacing m See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilNumRow Number of tube rows See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ChWCoilTubPerRow Number of tubes per row See COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation End Parameters for detailed cooling coil ChWCtrlOffset Controller convergence tolerance C See CONTROLLER SIMPLE for more explanation ChWCirlMaxFlow Cooling Coil Control Max Actuated Flow m3 s See CONTROLLER SIMPLE for more explanation ChWCirIMinFlow Cooling Coil Control Min Actuated Flow m3 s See CONTROLLER SIMPLE for more explanation FanEffic Fan Total Efficiency See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation 105 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 FanPressure Delta Pressure Pa See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation FanMinVolFlow Min Vol Flow Rate m3 s See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation FanMtrEffic Motor efficiency See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation FanMtrinAir Motor in air stream fraction See FAN SI
92. Intensity missing missing 99 N24 field Visibility units km missing 9999 N25 field Ceiling Height units m missing 99999 N26 field Present Weather Observation N27 field Present Weather Codes N28 field Precipitable Water units mm missing 999 N29 field Aerosol Optical Depth units thousandths missing 999 N30 field Snow Depth units cm missing 999 N31 field Days Since Last Snowfall missing 99 Data Field Descriptions Field Year This is the Year of the data Not really used in EnergyPlus Field Month This is the month 1 12 for the data Field Day This is the day dependent on month for the data Field Hour This is the hour of the data 1 24 Hour 1 is 00 01 to 01 00 4 23 05 37 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY 4 23 05 Field Minute This is the minute field 1 60 Field Data Source and Uncertainty Flags The data source and uncertainty flags from various formats usually shown with each field are consolidated in the E E EPW format More is shown about Data Source and Uncertainty in Data Sources Uncertainty section later in this document Field Dry Bulb Temperature This is the dry bulb temperature in C Note that this is a full numeric field i e 23 6 and not an integer representation with tenths Valid values range from 70 C to 70 C Field Dew Point Temperature This is the dew point tempera
93. L Y UNITARYSYSTEM BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL Option select one COIL ELECTRIC HEATING COIL GAS HEATING CURVE BIQUADRATIC if default selected CURVE QUADRATIC if default selected COIL DX BF EMPIRICAL if cooling selected FAN SIMPLE ONOFF Option if outside air system selected OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE LIST 4 23 05 114 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS OUTSIDE AIR SYSTEM CONTROLLER LIST AIR LOOP EQUIPMENT LIST OUTSIDE AIR MIXER CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR SET POINT MANAGER SINGLE ZONE REHEAT SET POINT MANAGER MIXED AIR FanCoilLoops Autosize and FanCoilLoops Describes the demand side chilled water and hot water loops for a four pipe fan coil system The following parameters are required for both commands the two commands are identical DemandSysName Demand side system name This name is used to link supply side loops to these demand side loops This name is used as a prefix for the demand side object names and node names NumberOfZones Number of zones served by these demand side loops Up to 50 zones may be served by one loop Zone1Name Zone2Name Zone50Name Names of zone 1 zone 2 zone 50 FanCoilLoops Fan Coil Loops See comments in FanCoilLoops macro definition for variable definitions setl DemandSysName FAN COILS Demand side system name setl NumberOfZones 3 Number of zones setl ZonelName RESISTIVE ZONE Name of zone 1 setl Zone2N
94. LE for more explanation BoilerOptPtLd Boiler Optimum Part Load Ratio See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerPtLdCoeff1 Boiler Coefficient1 Part Load Perf Curve See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerPtLdCoeff2 Boiler Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerPtLdCoeff3 Boiler Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation 132 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 BoilerFlowMode Boiler Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation Chiller Parameter Group ChillerCap Chiller capacity W See CHILLER CONST COP or PURCHASED CHILLED WATER for more explanation The following parameters are only required if CHILLER CONST COP is the selected boiler type ChillerCOP Chiller COP See CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation ChillerEVWFlow Chiller evaporator vol flow rate 3 5 4 312E 8 m3 s per W of cooling capacity is equivalent to 2 4 gpm per ton See CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation ChillerCdWFlow Chiller condenser vol flow rate m3 s 5 39E 8 m3 s W of cooling capacity is equivalent to 3 gpm per ton See CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation ChillerCondType Chiller condenser type WATER COOLED AIR COOLED or EVAP COOLED See CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation ChillerFlowMode Chiller Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow See CHILLER CONST COP for
95. LIST OUTSIDE AIR MIXER OUTSIDE AIR SYSTEM PIPE PLANT EQUIPMENT LIST PLANT LOOP PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES PLANT SIZING PUMP CONSTANT SPEED PUMP VARIABLE SPEED PURCHASED AIR PURCHASED CHILLED WATER 155 EXPANDOBJECTS INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 PURCHASED HOT WATER SET POINT MANAGER MIXED AIR SET POINT MANAGER SCHEDULED SET POINT MANAGER SINGLE ZONE REHEAT SINGLE DUCT VAV NOREHEAT SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT SPLITTER SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER LIST SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER SCHEDULED SYSTEM SIZING ZONE CONTROL THERMOSTATIC ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST ZONE MIXER ZONE RETURN AIR PATH ZONE RETURN PLENUM ZONE SIZING ZONE SPLITTER ZONE SUPPLY AIR PATH ZONE SUPPLY PLENUM 156 CSVPROC INTRODUCTION CSVproc This simple post processing utility may be useful when doing parametric analyses It takes a CSV comma separated values file and performs some simple statistics It is a very small application with no interface In a batch file or on the command line type CVSproc lt filename gt Where lt filename gt is the name of a CSV file It performs some simple statistics on each column and creates a new file with the same name without extension and PROC CSV added to the name The statistics performed on each column are e SUM e MAX e MIN e AVERAGE e COUNT e COUNTIF gt 0 e COUNTIF gt 5 e COUNTIF gt 10 e COUNTIF gt 15 e COUNTIF gt 20 e COUNTIF gt 25 e COUNTIF gt 30 e COUNTIF gt 3
96. M Downsview Ontario Environment Canada Oliver John E 1991 The History Status and Future of Climatic Classification in Physical Geography 1991 Vol 12 No 3 pp 231 251 University of Illinois 1998 BLAST User s Guide Building Systems Laboratory University of Illinois Urbana Illinois University of Illinois Department of Industrial and Mechanical Engineering Ward G 1996 Radiance Berkeley Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Winkelmann F C W F Buhl B Birdsall A E Erdem and K Ellington 1994 DOE 2 1E Supplement DE 940 11218 Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Berkeley California Springfield Virginia NTIS Web Resources 4 23 05 Building Energy Tools Directory a directory of information on 28 energy tools from around the world http www energytoolsdirectory gov Energy Systems Research Unit University of Strathclyde authors of ESP r up to date information on ESP r and other energy systems research and software development http www strath ac uk Departments ESRU EnergyPlus up to date information on the current status of EnergyPlus and working with the team and documentation such as input data structure output data structure and licensing opportunities Additional weather files may be posted here as well http www energyplus gov Description of the SWERA project http swera unep net swera 58 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS CAUTION Ground Heat Transfer in EnergyPlus Ca
97. MPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation VAVFanCoeff1 VAVFanCoeff2 See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation VAVFanCoeff3 VAVFanCoeff4 VA VFanCoeff5 These parameters are the coefficients of the fan power part load curve See FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME for more explanation MinOAFlow Minimum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation MaxOAFlow Maximum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoChoice ECONOMIZER or NO ECONOMIZER See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation RATempLimit RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation RAEnthLimit RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoDXLockout NO LOCKOUT LOCKOUT WITH HEATING or LOCKOUT WITH COMPRESSOR See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation 106 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS MinOALimit FIXED MINIMUM or PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoTempLimitHi Econo upper temperature limit C if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoTempLimitLo Econo lower temperature limit C if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation EconoEnthLimit Econo upper enthalpy limit J kg if no limit See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more
98. N7 July Indoor Average temperature set point TIN8 August Indoor Average temperature set point TIN9 September Indoor Average temperature set point TIN10 October Indoor Average temperature set point C TIN11 NovemberIndoor Average temperature set point C TIN12 December Indoor Average temperature set point TINAmp Daily sine wave variation amplitude C Toleranc ConvTol Convergenc INSULATION RINS R value of under slab insulation m2 K W DINS Width of strip of under slab insulation m RVINS R value of vertical insulation m2 K W ZVINS Depth of vertical insulation m IVINS Flag Is there vertical insulation EQUIVSLAB APRatio Th EquivSizing area to perimeter ratio for this slab EQUIVAUTOGRID SLABDEPTH Thickness of slab on grade m 72 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH BASEMENTS T1557 CLEARANCE Distance from edge of slab to domain edge m ALL OBJECTS IN CLASS AUTOGRID AutoGrid 12 SLABX X dimension of the building slab m 12 SLABY Y dimension of the building slab m 0 de SLABDEPTH Thickness of slab on grade m El CLEARANCE Distance from edge of slab to domain edge m Using Ground Temperatures With Basements The basement routine is used to calculate the face temperatures on
99. ON DESIGN CONDITIONS TYPICAL EXTREME PERIODS GROUND TEMPERATURES HOLIDAYS DAYLIGHT SAVINGS COMMENTS 1 COMMENTS 2 and DATA PERIODS This is followed by the time step data The first eight lines or header within each E E weather file define basic location information such as longitude latitude time zone elevation annual design conditions monthly average ground temperatures typical and extreme periods holidays daylight saving periods and data periods included There is also space for users to document any special features or information about the file such as sources of data Weather Data Availability 4 23 05 Typically acquisition of weather data has been a user s burden Though this will remain the case in many instances for EnergyPlus users the EnergyPlus team has been successful in making a wealth of US Canadian and International data available to our users To summarize the weather data for 914 locations is available at the EnergyPlus web site www energyplus gov In specific you may download data files for locations m 295 USA a mixture of TMY2 TMY CTZ and CTZ2 data The 237 USA locations in the TMY2 Data Set 38 locations from the TMY data set that were not duplicated when the TMY2 data set was produced and 4 locations from the CTZ data set that were not duplicated when the CTZ2 data set was produced m 16 California Climate Zones The 16 locations in the California Climate Zone Revision 2 CTZ2 data set m 55
100. OS SELECTIVELY ACCEPTING OR SKIPPING LINES OF INPUT elseif condition2 line2a line2b elseif condition3 line3a line3b else line Na line N b endif Then the lines that will be included into the EnergyPlus input stream are If condition 1 is TRUE linela linelb otherwise If condition 2 is TRUE line2a line2b otherwise If condition 3 is TRUE line3a line3b otherwise If condition 1 condition 2 condition 3 are all FALSE line Na line N b There are six different if commands Command Result iHtifdef macro if macro name defined include following lines name iHtifndef macro if macro name NOT defined include following lines name condition if condition is TRUE include following lines elseif condition if condition is TRUE and previous conditions are FALSE include following lines else if all previous conditions are FALSE include following lines endif indicates the end of the if block Notes macro name is explained in section Defining Blocks of Input below 4 23 05 140 INPUT MACROS DEFINING BLOCKS OF INPUT condition is 0 or BLANK meaning FALSE and any other character meaning TRUE ifdef and ifndef do not have corresponding elseif commands but they do have corresponding else and endif commands Defining Blocks of Input 4 23 05 The def command allows a b
101. Outside Face Temperatures C Perimeter Area 304 00 Core Area 1296 00 Month Averag Perimeter Core Inside 1 17 67 16 11 18 03 18 0 2 17 45 15 592 17 81 18 0 3 17 43 16 07 17 74 18 0 4 19 00 17 82 19 27 20 0 5 19 24 18 23 19 48 20 0 6 19 31 18 42 19 552 20 0 7 20 92 20 14 21 11 22 0 8 21 17 20 44 21 35 22 0 0 ere o eN wor o oN dO RN or cous NON ON oo 12 19 35 I7 99 19 67 20 0 The resulting heat flux is shown below The inside heat transfer coefficient and slab thermal properties are specified in the input file For this example the total thermal resistance from the inside air to the slab bottom surface was 0 27 m C W This value is controlled by the user with the inside heat transfer coefficient and slab thermal properties values in the slab program input file 60 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USE OF THE GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH SLABS Month Average Perimeter Core Inside Perimeter Heat Average Heat Flux 2 Flux W m 2 18 03 18 17 81 18 17 74 18 2 11 19 19 27 2 8 07 3 70 1948 2 19 52 2 g 8a 2117 2044 2135 2 9 2122 2045 214 2 2144 2 1988 2 19 67 2 7 44 2 41 Then for the same conditions the results with a 2 degree C amplitude 24 hour sin wave variation Notice that the inside temperatures are the same since they are monthly averages and the daily variation oscillates about the mean The core and perim
102. Part Load Perf Curve setl BoilerFlowMode ConstantFlow Boiler Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow Hot Water Pump Parameters for PUMP VARIABLE SPEED setl HWPmpType Variable HW Pump Type Variable or Constant setl HWPmpHead 300000 HW Pump Rated Pump Head Pa Ssetl HWPmpPower 2273 HW Pump Rated Power Consumption W setl HWPmpMtrEff 0 87 HW Pump Motor Efficiency setl HWPmpMtrToFluid 0 0 HW Pump Frac Motor Inefficiencies to Fluid setl HWPmpPtLdCoeffl 1 0 HW Pump Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff2 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff3 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff4 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient4 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT HW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS BoilerSupplyl BoilerSupplylWithBypass Objects generated PLANT LOOP BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER BRANCH PIPE PUMP VARIABLE SPEED 4 23 05 PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES HEATING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION LOAD RANGE EQUIPMENT LIST 121 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 PURCHASED HOT WATER Option select one BOILER SIMPLE additional options will be made available ChillerSupply1 Autosize Not implemented yet and ChillerSupply1 ChillerSupply1WithBypass Autosize and Chillersupply1WithBypass Describes the supply side equipment and branches fo
103. RO error a full traceback of the macro expansions in progress is printed This is the default condition notraceback Don t give full traceback when printing an error message write Start writing expanded text into file 22 This is similar to show except that the expanded lines are written into file 22 Therefore file 22 will contain only the text that will be seen by the EnergyPlus processor This file is used only for debugging purposes It allows you to see what the macro processed input file looks like nowrite Stop writing expanded text into file 22 This is the default condition symboltable Prints table of current macro names All of the macro names that are defined will be printed clear Clear all macro definitions All the macro names defined up to this point will be deleted reserve TEXT k NAMES STACK m Allocates memory Reserves k words of space in AA array for macro definition storage Reserves positions in macro definition names table Reserves m words of stack space If used the reserve command must precede all other macro commands in the EP MACRO input This command should be used only if one or more of the following error messages is received Need more memory for storing macro definitions Use reserve TEXT nnnnnn command to get more memory Current value of nnnnnn is Macro table capacity exceeded Use reserve NAMES nnnnnn command to get more memory Current value of nnnnnn is
104. S InLat Numeric Longitude W E InLong Numeric Time Zone GMT InTime Numeric Elevation meters InElev Numeric WMO InWMO Numeric or String 6 characters amp miscdata String for Comments 1 header Comments1 String String for Comments 2 header Comments2 String String for Source Data in SourceData String amp wthdata Input File Type InputFileType String Number of records per hour NumlnHour Integer Data Element Names DataElements Strings Data Units DataUnits Strings Multiplicative Conversion DataConversionFactors Numeric Factors for Data Format for input InFormat Format String or delimited Delimiter Character DelimiterChar amp datacontrol Records to Skip NumRecordsToSkip Integer Records to Read MaxNumRecordsToRead Integer Missing Data Action MissingDataAction Missing Wind Direction Action MissingWindDirAction Missing Wind Direction Value MissingWindDirValue Real Missing Opaque Sky Cover Action MissingOpaqueSkyCoverAction Missing Opaque Sky Cover Value MissingOpaqueSkyCoverValue Real Fraction 0 0 to 1 0 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING 4 23 05 Expected Formats for amp location Fields City StateProv Country These fields are string variables If Country is not included an attempt to use the State Prov entry may be used to determine country Otherwise these fields are
105. SV file TMY TMY data files Valid values for the Output File Type s are shown in the following table Table 20 Valid Output File Types for the ProcessWeather call Output File Type File s produced EPW and files CSV and RPT files EPW CSV and files RPT file For Input and Output file names the complete paths should be included ErrorFlag will be returned as true if an error occurs during processing or false if the process is successful Fortran 90 95 Declaration INTERFACE SUBROUTINE ProcessWeather InType OutType InFileName OutFileName ErrFlag CHARACTER len INTENT IN InType InputFile Type CHARACTER len INTENT IN OutType OutputFile Type CHARACTER len INTENT IN InFileName InputFile Name Full path CHARACTER len INTENT IN OutFileName OutputFileName Full path LOGICAL Byte2 INTENT OUT ErrFlag If errors are found set to true and put description put in file END SUBROUTINE END INTERFACE And calling it from Fortran call processweather trim intype trim outtype amp trim infilename trim outfilename errflag 56 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REFERENCES Note that the file where error messages will be placed is the RPT file If the value of the output file path is incorrect you may need to search for this file by using the RPT extension Referen
106. Solar of 11433 Wh m on May 6 Monthly Average Daily Wind Direction N 0 or 360 E 90 S 180 W 270 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 235 194 205 222 196 185 179 194 196 239 224 194 Monthly Statistics for Wind Speed m s Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Maximum 13 4 19 6 17 5 19 6 11 33 9 3 10 8 14 4 12 4 16 5 16 0 Day Hour 28 22 14 16 9 05 9213 12219 8 16 18 22 28 14 18 06 20 14 17 03 Minimum 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Day Hour TEOL 7 02 3 20 16 01 1 01 1 22 3350 4 04 3 03 4 16 3e L9 7 18 Daily Avg 348 5 4 249 4 2 4 1 Se 3 6 346 4 1 4 0 4 0 Maximum Wind Speed of 19 6 m s on Feb 14 Minimum Wind Speed of 0 0 m s on Jan 7 Monthly Calculated undisturbed Ground Temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec 0 5 m 7 4 8 7 6 4 2 8 6 5 13 7 18 6 20 0 L745 11 9 4 5 245 2 0 m e2 1 5 0 4 5 2 6 3 6 253 134 8 16 2 15 7 1225 7 4 14 9 4 0 m 1 2 d 16 _0 9 246 6 4 9 9 12 3 12 9 1145 8 5 4 8 These ground temperatures should NOT BE USED in the GroundTemperatures object to compute building floor losses The temperatures for 0 5 m depth can be used for GroundTemperatures Surface The temperatures for 4 0 m depth can be used for GroundTemperatures Deep Calculations use a standard soil diffusivity of 2 3225760E 03 m 2 day As noted in the above statistics calculation the undisturbed ground temperatures calculated by the weather
107. TEMPLATES DESCRIBING TYPICAL HVAC SYSTEMS USING THE HVAC TEMPLATES Example Files In the EnergyPlus Templates folder there are example imf files which illustrate the use of the template macro commands Some of these examples have equivalent idf files in the EnergyPlus Examples folder such as PurchAir TE imf and PurchAir idf HVAC IDF Segments In the EnergyPlus Templates HVAC IDF Segments folder there are idf file segments which contain full idf objects for particular system portions For example BoilerSupply 01 contains a boiler supply loop with a single boiler BoilerSupply 02 contains a boiler supply loop with two boilers and so on up to BoilerSupply 10 The file segments have been set to autosize wherever possible Using these file segments provides a quick way to add the necessary objects to an idf file but will almost always require further editing of names equipment types sizes zone names etc To substitute different types of equipment into these idf segments be sure to keep the node names the same and search for all occurrences of the equipment type and name Describing Typical HVAC Systems Using the HVAC Templates 4 23 05 To describe typical HVAC system configurations a combination of system macro commands is used along with the required macro variable definitions prior to each command The commands required for several typical HVAC systems are listed below Many of the system template commands are available in two vers
108. TERTOWATER COOLING HEATPUMP WATERTOWATER HEATING CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR CONTROLLER SIMPLE CONTROLLER STAND ALONE ERV indianred lavender lawngreen lightgreen lightgreen lightgreen lightslategray lightslategray none none none 149 HVAC DIAGRAM INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 DIRECT AIR OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE LIST PLANT LOAD PROFILE PURCHASED AIR PURCHASED CHILLED WATER PURCHASED HOT WATER DOMESTIC HOT WATER GENERATOR COMBUSTION TURBINE GENERATOR IC ENGINE WATER HEATER SIMPLE WATER HEATER STRATIFIED CONSTANT FLOW RADIANT SYSTEM HYDRONIC RADIANT SYSTEM FREE COOLING HEAT EXCHANGER GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER VERTICAL HEAT EXCHANGER AIR TO AIR FLAT PLATE HEAT EXCHANGER AIR TO AIR GENERIC POND GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER SURFACE GROUND HEAT EXCHANGER COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED CHILLER ABSORPTION CHILLER COMBUSTION TURBINE CHILLER CONSTCOP CHILLER DIRECT FIRED ABSORPTION CHILLER ELECTRIC CHILLER ENGINEDRIVEN BASEBOARD HEATER WATER CONVECTIVE COIL ELECTRIC HEATING COIL GAS HEATING COIL WATER SIMPLEHEATING COIL WATERTOAIRHP HEATING UNIT VENTILATOR FAN SIMPLE CONSTVOLUME FAN SIMPLE ONOFF FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME ZONE EXHAUST FAN none none none none none none orange orange orange orange orange orangered orangered paleturquoise paleturquoise paleturquoise paleturquoise paleturquoise paleturquoise pink powderblue powderblue powderblue powderblue powderblue powderblue salmon salmon salmon salmo
109. TURN AIR TEMP LIMIT setl RAEnthLimit NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT setl EconoDXLockout NO LOCKOUT NO LOCKOUT LOCKOUT WITH HEATING or LOCKOUT WITH COMPRESSOR setl MinOALimit PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM FIXED MINIMUM or PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM setl EconoTempLimitHi 19 0 Econo upper temperature limit C if no limit Ssetl EconoTempLimitLo 4 0 Econo lower temperature limit C if no limit setl EconoEnthLimit Econo upper enthalpy limit J kg if no limit setl MinOASched s Minimum Outside Air Schedule Name if no schedule VAVAirLoop Objects generated AIR PRIMARY LOOP CONTROLLER LIST BRANCH LIST 4 23 05 108 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 BRANCH ZONE SUPPLY AIR PATH ZONE RETURN AIR PATH ZONE SPLITTER ZONE MIXER CONTROLLER SIMPLE SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER LIST SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER SCHEDULED SET POINT MANAGER SCHEDULED NODE LIST COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING FAN SIMPLE VARIABLEVOLUME OUTSIDE AIR INLET NODE LIST OUTSIDE AIR SYSTEM AIR LOOP EQUIPMENT LIST OUTSIDE AIR MIXER CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR UnitaryAirLoop Autosize and UnitaryAirLoop Describes the air loop for a unitary packaged system with a furnace with optional DX cooling and optional outside air system The following parameters are required for both commands AirSysName Air handling system name This name is
110. Years Weather data sets for computer simulations of solar energy systems and energy consumption in buildings CEC DG XII Brussels Belgium Commission of the European Community Crawley Drury B Linda K Lawrie Curtis O Pedersen Richard J Liesen Daniel E Fisher Richard K Strand Russell D Taylor Frederick C Winkelmann W F Buhl A Ender Erdem and Y Joe Huang 1999 EnergyPlus A New Generation Building Energy Simulation Program in Proceedings of Building Simulation 99 Kyoto Japan IBPSA Crawley Drury B 1998 Which Weather Data Should You Use for Energy Simulations of Commercial Buildings ASHRAE Transactions 104 Pt 2 Atlanta ASHRAE Crawley Drury B Jon Hand and Linda K Lawrie 1999 Improving the Weather Information Available to Simulation Programs in Proceedings of Building Simulation 99 Kyoto Japan September 1999 IBPSA Energy Simulation Research Unit 1999 http www strath ac uk Departments ESRU Janak M 1997 Coupling Building Energy and Lighting Simulation in Proceedings of Building Simulation 97 September 1997 Volume II pp 313 319 Prague Czech Republic IBPSA K ppen W 1931 Grundriss der Klimakunde Berlin Walter de Gruyter amp Co National Instruments Corporation 1999 LabVIEW User Manual Austin Texas National Instruments Corporation 57 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEB RESOURCES McDonald lain and Paul Strachan 1998 Practical Application of Uncertainty
111. a Int l ON CAN Cooling DP gt MDB 4 MDB 25 50 DP 21 10 HR 0 02 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling DP gt MDB 1 MDB 24 60 DP 20 20 HR 0 02 Ottawa Int l ON CAN Cooling DP gt MDB 2 MDB 23 70 DP 19 20 HR 0 01 Design day definitions originate in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals Prior to 1997 these conditions were described for winter and summer heating and cooling They were based on seasonal percentages Beginning in 1997 and continuing the latest version was published in 2001 the design condition data is based on annual percentages In addition only locations with long term hourly observations data on which to form the basis are included From ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals 2001 m Heating conditions are often used in the sizing of heating equipment In cold spells dry bulb temperatures below the design conditions can last for a week or more m The first cooling conditions based on dry bulb temperatures i e DB gt MWB often represent conditions on hot mostly sunny days These are useful for cooling applications especially air conditioning m Design conditions based on wet bulb temperatures i e WB gt MDB represent extremes of the total sensible plus latent heat of outdoor air This information is useful for cooling towers evaporative coolers and fresh air ventilation system design m Design conditions based on dew point temperatures i e DP gt MDB are direct
112. a set The WYEC2 format is used as the format for several other data sets The WYEC2 data set however was not made available for download though of course those files can be read if desired with the EnergyPlus Weather Converter utility Canadian Weather for Energy Calculations CWEC Produced by Numerical Logics in collaboration with Environment Canada and the National Research Council of Canada the CWEC were derived using a methodology similar to the TMY2 and TMY CWEC hourly files represent weather conditions that result in approximately average heating and cooling loads in buildings The National Energy Code of Canada requires the use of a CWEC file representative of a location when the performance path and customized design calculations are chosen as the means of building energy consumption compliance The CWEC follow the ASHRAE WYEC2 format and were derived from the Canadian Energy and Engineering Data Sets CWEEDS of hourly weather information for Canada from the 1953 1995 period of record The 55 CWEC files contain hourly weather observations representing an artificial one year period specifically designed for building energy calculations All 55 locations in the CWEC data set are available for download in EnergyPlus weather format International Weather for Energy Calculations IWEC The IWEC are the result of ASHRAE Research Project 1015 conducted by Numerical Logics and Bodycote Materials Testing Canada for ASHRAE Technical Commi
113. acros these macros will be expanded and the expanded text becomes the macro text defined by set1 Example def1 xx 123 set1 yy xx is equivalent to set1 yy 123 set1l also be used to redefine macro name set1 0 set1 x eval x 1 see Arithmetic Operations for description of the eval macro Arithmetic Operations The built in macro called eval can be used to perform arithmetic literal and logical operations It can be abbreviated to steval X OP Y or X OP Y gives the result X OP Y The allowed values for X OP and Y and the corresponding result are shown in the following table X OP Y Result number plus number number number minus number number 142 INPUT MACROS DEFINING BLOCKS OF INPUT 4 23 05 number times number number number divided by number number number min number number number max number number number mod number number number power number number SIN OF number degrees number COS OF number degrees number TAN OF number degrees number SQRT OF number number ABS OF number number ASIN OF number number degrees ACOS OF number number degrees ATAN OF number number INT OF number number LOG10 OF number number LOG OF number number literal concatenate literal2 literal literal1literal2 literal1 concatenate literal2 literal literal1 literal2
114. al Radiation Data Uncertain 50 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DATA SOURCES UNCERTAINTY 4 23 05 rect Normal Radiation Data Source A rect Normal Radiation Data Uncertain iffuse Horizontal Radiation Data Source A H iffuse Horizontal Radiation Data Uncertainty obal Horizontal Illuminance Data Source obal Horizontal Illuminance Data Uncertain irect Normal Illuminance Data Source irect Normal Illuminance Data Uncertainty ffuse Horizontal Illuminance Data Source ffuse Horizontal IIluminance Data Uncertain C UO Zenith Luminance Data Uncertain N ee ee D 5 5 5 Cn J Fo E o o S o o 3 o o gt J 5 5 gt ot J e o D e S Cc 2 als a z e 2 ES a D gt mn gt I I gt T I T T 2 x e 1 d 2 m i is A F Wind Speed Data Uncertain C C gt mn Broadband Aerosol Optical Depth Data Source A Days Since Last Snowfall DataSource A The definition of the solar radiation source flags and solar radiation uncertainty flags are shown in the following two tables mn A F Fi Table 14 Solar Radiation and llluminance Data Source Flag Codes Flag Code A Post 1976 measured solar radiation data as received from NCDC or other sources B Same as A except the global horizontal data underwent a calibration correction C Pre 1976 measured global horizont
115. al data direct and diffuse were not measured before 1976 adjusted from solar to local time usually with a calibration correction 51 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DATA SOURCES UNCERTAINTY D Data derived from the other two elements of solar radiation using the relationship global diffuse direct cosine zenith E Modeled solar radiation data using inputs of observed sky cover cloud amount and aerosol optical depths derived from direct normal data collected at the same location F Modeled solar radiation data using interpolated sky cover and aerosol optical depths derived from direct normal data collected at the same location G Modeled solar radiation data using observed sky cover and aerosol optical depths estimated from geographical relationships H Modeled solar radiation data using interpolated sky cover and estimated aerosol optical depths Modeled illuminance or luminance data derived from measured or modeled solar radiation data Source does not fit any of the above categories Used for nighttime values and missing data Table 15 Solar Radiation and Data Uncertainty Flag Codes Flag Uncertainty Range SS 35 50 Not applicable Finally the Meteorological data source and uncertainty flag codes are shown in the following two tables Table 16 Meteorological Data Source Flag Codes Definition Data as received from NCDC converted to SI units
116. al database facilities ESRU 1999 As the number of high quality datasets increases so does the need to encapsulate such information in a form that can be broadly distributed The simulation community must also consider the uncertainty in high WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM NEW WEATHER FORMAT FOR SIMULATION PROGRAMS frequency performance predictions that are based on boundary conditions that have been sampled at one or two magnitudes less temporal resolution The simulation community must also consider practitioner demands and issues of quality assurance Someone who is not a native of Copenhagen may not know that there are three or four recognizable patterns of winter weather that should be included in detailed assessments A data set that lacks documentation or is dependent on separately held lists of assumptions can be effectively useless In the absence of data within the weather data format the simulation programs must calculate these data often with older calculation methods As the simulation programs have become more capable data at hourly resolution is no longer enough interpolating between hourly observations does not accurately represent weather conditions that change much more frequently such as illumination We have developed a new generalized weather data format for use by energy simulation programs has been developed and adopted by both ESP r in the UK and EnergyPlus in the US Anticipating the need for data at time steps les
117. ame EAST ZONE Name of zone 2 setl Zone3Name NORTH ZONE Name of zone 3 FanCoilLoops Objects generated BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER PIPE ChilledWaterDemand Autosize and ChilledWaterDemand Describes a demand side chilled water loop serving cooling coils serving zones or air loops The following parameters are required for both commands the two commands are identical 4 23 05 115 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS ChWDemandSysName Demand side system name This name is used to link supply side loops to these demand side loops This name is used as a prefix for the demand side object names and node names NumberOfChWCoils Number of chilled water coils served by these demand side loops Up to 50 coils may be served by one loop ChWCoil1Name ChWCoil2Name ChWCoils0Name Names of chilled water coil 1 coil 2 coil 50 Chilled Water Demand Side setl ChWDemandSysName Chilled Water Loop 1 Chiller water demand side system name setl NumberOfChWCoils 1 Number of chilled water coils on loop setl ChWCoillName VAV SYS I Name of Zone or Air Loop for ChW Coil 1 ChilledWaterDemand Objects generated BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER PIPE HotWaterDemand Autosize and HotWaterDemand Describes a demand side hot water loop serving heating coils serving zones or air loops The following parameters are required for both commands the
118. ams for slabs developed by Bahnfleth 1989 1990 were modified by Clements 2004 to produce outside face temperatures The program has recently been modified to permit separate monthly average inside temperatures as input The program produces outside face temperatures for the core area and the perimeter area of the slab It is described in the section Use of the Ground Temperatures with Slabs below A 3D basement program also is included with EnergyPlus This is described in the section Using Ground Temperatures With Basements of this document It uses the same principle as the slab procedure it determines the outside fact temperature of the walls and floor of a basement in contact with the ground 59 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USE OF THE GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH SLABS It should be noted that either for slabs or basements the ground heat transfer is usually small unless the building is very small or has some special characteristics Another section Multiple Ground Temperatures shows how the OtherSideCoefficients object of EnergyPlus can be used to supply multiple ground temperatures Use of the Ground Temperatures with Slabs 4 23 05 The Slab program produces temperature profiles for the outside surface at the core and at the perimeter of the slab It also produces the average based on the perimeter and core areas used in the calculation This allows the user to apply the Slab temperatures one of two ways in EnergyPl
119. at will provide the monthly ground temperature values OtherSideCoefficients ExampleOSC OtherSideCoeff Name Uy Combined convective radiative film coefficient 1 User selected Constant Temperature L Coefficient modifying the user selected constant temperature 0 Coefficient modifying the external dry bulb temperature 0 Coefficient modifying the ground temperature 0 Coefficient modifying the wind speed term s m 0 Coefficient modifying the zone air temperature part of the equation GroundTempCompactSched Name of Schedule for values of const temperature Schedule values replace N2 4 23 05 83 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS REFERENCES The schedule named in the last field of the OtherSideCoefficients object must be supplied In compact schedule format it would appear as follows SCHEDULE COMPACT GroundTempCompact Sched Name Temperature ScheduleType Through 1 31 Complex Field 1 For AllDays Complex Field 2 Until 24 00 Complex Field 43 16 Complex Field 4 Through 2 28 Complex Field 5 For AllDays Complex Field 6 Until 24 00 Complex Field 47 17 Complex Field 8 Through 3 31 Complex Field 9 For AllDays Complex Field 10 Until 24 00 Complex Field 11 18 Complex Field 12 Through 4 30 Complex Field 13 For AllDays
120. ata type for a file that might have one of the standard default extensions but may in fact be a data file of an entirely different type For example the BLAST ASCII files as they exist on the BLAST CD have extensions of dat our default type for the SAMSON data You must select the proper data type for your data or the processor probably won t work anywhere near what you expect Select Output Format You may select from four options of output format m EPW Format both an epw file and a statistical report file are produced m CSV Format both a csv file and a statistical report file are produced m Both EPW and CSV epw csv and statistical report files are produced m Rpt only only a statistical report file is produced output extension is stat m TMY2 if your input file was a EPW or CSV you can save as a TMY2 extension tm2 format Note that the CSV file is very similar to the EPW format file but is ready to be imported into a spreadsheet program such as Excel and has some additional header records in front of each EPW style header record Save File As This button allows you to select the location to save your file set from the output format selection The utility automatically places a data type extension on the file name to show its original data file type Note on Save As Since you select the save as file name from a dialog the processor DOES NOT warn you of overwriting previous files of the
121. ation and codes rain snow X Precipitable water Aerosol optical depth Snow depth Days since last snowfall gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt X gt lt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt X lt lt gt lt gt lt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt gt lt 4 23 05 5 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER CONVERTER USE Weather Converter Use We developed a utility for the E E format to read standard weather service file types such as SAMSON and newer typical year weather files such as TMY2 WYEC2 and IWEC The utility also reads ESP r CLM format DOE 2 fmt format and BLAST Ascii format files The utility translates and extends typical weather data into the E E format The processor makes the calculations necessary for supplying data when data is missing and calculates the Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity values not typically
122. atterns Radiation and illumination data are becoming increasingly necessary in simulation programs Anyone who has ever attempted to measure daylight factors will be familiar with the fluctuations in lighting levels under partly cloudy conditions The expansion and contraction of lightweight building components also shares sensitivity to rapid fluctuations in solar radiation Single sided ventilation is dependant on wind pressure fluctuations and pedestrians in many cities are acquainted with the disarming tendency of the wind to guest and change direction It is increasingly the case that design questions touch on such issues In a research context the advent of tools such as LabVIEW National Instruments Corporation 1999 have made it possible for increasing numbers of researchers to acquire and process test cell data The increasing use of building energy management systems BEMS has also provided high frequency information from which simulation could be used as a predictive tool for future control strategies Other issues of control particularly of advanced daylighting control require sub hourly illumination data to ensure that possible control regimes are tested under realistic conditions Janak 1997 observed that the differences between 5 minute and hourly illumination data could result in prediction variations approaching 4096 Thus far projects that mix empirical and simulation based work have had to store and access such data via tempor
123. aults to None Condenser loop setpoint schedule C or None optional defaults to None COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED Condenser Object Type all dashes Variable Cnd Pump Type Variable or Constant INTERMITTENT Cnd pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS 4 23 05 126 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Condenser Loop for Single Chiller Plant setl ChWLoopName Chiller Plant Supply side plant name must match chiller plant name setl CndLoopAvailSch ON Condenser availability schedule setl CndLoopTempCntrl FIXED Loop Temperature Setpoint control type SCHEDULED FIXED AIR or GROUND setl CndLoopSetPoint 21 Condenser loop fixed setpoint temperature C setl CndLoopTempSch None Condenser loop setpoint schedule C or None Ssetl CndLoopMaxTemp 80 Max condenser water temperature C setl CndLoopMinTemp 5 0 Min condenser water temperature C setl CndLoopMaxFlow 0 0011 Max condenser water flow rate m3 s setl CndLoopMinFlow 0 Min condenser water flow rate m3 s setl CndLoopVolume autosize Condenser loop volume m3 setl CndLoopLdDist Sequential Load Distribution Scheme Optimal or Sequential Condenser Parameters for COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED setl CondenserType COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED Condenser Object Type all dashes setl CondenserCap 9000000000 Condenser capa
124. being compared This file will show up in the program directory from the Energy ini directions Objstats csv Differences between objects in the two IDDs Same objects are not shown lt filename gt difnew Results for each lt filename gt entered This will be a full IDF file if full is entered or only those objects that are different when diff is entered lt filename gt Vcperr Errors if any on the lt filename gt idf or conversion Examples of changed objects in the difnew file Diff Fields CHILLER CONST COP Little Chiller Chiller Nam 25000 Nominal Capacity W 2 55 COP Design Evaporator Volumetric Water Flow Rate m3 s 0 0011 Design Condenser Volumetric Water Flow Rate m3 s Little Chiller Inlet Node Plant Side Inlet Node Little Chiller Outlet Node Plant Side Outlet Node Little Chiller Condenser Inlet Node Condenser Side Inlet Node Little Chiller Condenser Outlet Node Condenser Side Outlet Nod AIR COOLED Condenser VariableFlow Chiller Flow Mode In the above we have an added field Design Evaporator Volumetric Water Flow Rate It is blank in the new difnew version but probably needs a value before you just run it through EnergyPlus Here s a couple more To illustrate how units change show Units Change COIL Water SimpleHeating Bldg A Reheat Coil Zone 3 Coil Name Bldg
125. burn StateProv Wellington Country NZL InWMO 934360 InLat 42 3333 InLong 174 8 InElev 8 InTime 1 amp wthdata NumInHour 1 InputFileType FMT amp miscdata Comments1l Standard Data Files for Computer Thermal Simulation of Solar Low Energy Non residential Buildings ven der Werff Amor and Donn 1990 Comments2 Full Actual year of dataSource data is TRY format converted to DOE 2 format Here s an example of a fixed format used for custom file processing Note that random sky cover is used to facilitate calculating Horizontal IR from Sky that is used in EnergyPlus Also random wind direction is used because the data set does not contain wind direction amp location City Torino Caselle StateProv Country ITA InWMO 160590 InLat 45 18333 InLong 7 65 InElev 282 InTime 1 amp wthdata NumInHour 1 InputFileType CUSTOM InFormat I2 I2 I2 F7 2 F7 2 F5 1 F5 1 F5 1 DataElements Month Day Hour DirNorRad DifHorRad DryBulb Wind Speed Relative Humidity DataUnits kJ M2 kJ M2 C m s DataConversionFactors 1 1 1 2777778 2777778 1 1 1 amp miscdata Commentsl Italian Climate Data Set Gianni de Giorgio Comments2 2 Period of record 1951 1970 SourceData IGDG Data Set 4 amp datacontrol MissingOpaqueSkyCoverAction RANDOM MissingWindDirAction RANDOM Finally an example of a free format custom file Here there were several lines of text after the
126. ces 4 23 05 ASHRAE 1985 Weather Year for Energy Calculations Atlanta American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers Inc ASHRAE 1997 WYEC2 Weather Year for Energy Calculations 2 Toolkit and Data Atlanta ASHRAE ASHRAE 2001 International Weather for Energy Calculations IWEC Weather Files Users Manual and CD ROM Atlanta ASHRAE ASHRAE 2004 ANSI ASHRAE Standard 90 2 2004 Energy Efficient Design of Low Rise Residential Buildings September 2004 Atlanta American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air conditioning Engineers ASHRAE 2004 ANSI ASHRAE IESNA Standard 90 1 2004 Energy Efficient Design of Buildings Except Low Rise Residential September 2004 Atlanta American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air conditioning Engineers Briggs Robert S Robert G Lucas and Z Todd Taylor 2002 Climate Classification for Building Energy Codes and Standards Part 1 Development Process in ASHRAE Transactions 2002 109 Pt 1 Atlanta ASHRAE Briggs Robert S Robert G Lucas and Z Todd Taylor 2002 Climate Classification for Building Energy Codes and Standards Part 2 Zone Definitions Maps and Comparisons in ASHRAE Transactions 109 Pt 1 Atlanta ASHRAE Buhl W F DOE 2 Weather Processor DOE2 1E Documentation Update 1998 COMIS Weather Program http www byggforsk no hybvent COMISweather htm Commission of the European Community 1985 Test Heference
127. city W setl CondenserAirFlow 16 0 Condenser Design Air Flow Rate m3 s setl CondenserFanPwr 1000 Condenser Fan Power at Design Air Flow Rate W setl CondenserUA 1750 0 Condenser UA value at Design Air Flow Rate W C setl CondenserAirFree 0 0 Condenser Air Flow Rate in Free Convection Regime m3 s setl CondenserUAFree 0 0 Condenser UA value at Free Convection Air Flow Rate W C Condenser Parameters for COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED l set1 CondenserType COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED Condenser Object Type all dashes setl CondenserCap 1000000 Condenser capacity W I setl CondenserAirHi Condenser Air Flow Rate at High Fan Speed m3 s i setl CondenserFanHi Condenser Fan Power at High Fan Speed W setl CondenserUAHi Condenser UA value at High Fan Speed W C setl CondenserAirLo Condenser Air Flow Rate at Low Fan Speed m3 s i setl CondenserFanLo Condenser Fan Power at Low Fan Speed W l setl CondenserUALo Condenser UA value at Low Fan Speed W C I setl CondenserAirFree Condenser Air Flow Rate in Free Convection Regime m3 s setl CondenserUAFree Condenser UA value at Free Convection Air Flow Rate W C Condenser Water Pump Parameters for PUMP VARIABLE SPEED setl CndPmpType Variable Cnd Pump Type Variable or Constant setl CndPmpHead 300000 Cnd Pump Rated Pump Head Pa setl CndPmpPower 500 Cnd Pump Rated Power Consumption W setl CndPmpMtrEff 0 87 Cnd Pump Motor E
128. command if omitted defaults to WATER COOLED 122 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS ChillerFlowMode Chiller Flow Mode ConstantFlow or VariableFlow See CHILLER ELECTRIC or CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation Not required if ChillerType PURCHASED CHILLED WATER For autosized command if omitted defaults to ConstantFlow ChWPmpType Chilled water pump type VARIABLE or CONSTANT speed For autosized command if omitted defaults to VARIABLE ChWPmpCitrl Chilled water pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation For autosized command if omitted defaults to INTERMITTENT The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command All parameters in the Chilled Water Loop Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Chilled Water Pump Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Chiller Parameter Group see below setl setl setl setl setl setl setl setl setl Single Chiller Supply Autosized hWLoopName Chiller Plant Supply side plant name hWDemandSysName CHW Demand 1 Chilled water demand side system hWLoopAvailSch PlantOnSched Chiller availability schedule hWLoopTempSch CW Loop Temp Schedule Chilled water setpoint schedule C hillerType CHILLER ELECTRIC Chiller Object Type PURCHASED CHILL
129. cribes the supply side loop equipment and branches for a single boiler plant or purchased hot water plant with or without bypass The following parameters are required for both autosize and non autosize commands HWLoopName Name of this supply side loop This name is used as a prefix for the supply side object names and node names HWDemandSysName Name of the hot water demand side loop served by this supply side loop HWLoopAvailSch Boiler loop availability schedule See PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES for more explanation HWLoopTempSch Hot water setpoint schedule C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See PLANT LOOP for more explanation For the autosized command if omitted or set to None defaults to constant setpoint of 82C BoilerType Type of boiler object BOILER SIMPLE or PURCHASED HOT WATER Uses BOILER SIMPLE or PURCHASED HOT WATER respectively BoilerFuel Boiler fuel type required only if Boilertype BOILER SIMPLE The fuel type can be Electricity NaturalGas PropaneGas FuelOil 1 FuelOil 2 Coal Diesel or Gasoline For the 119 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS autosized command if omitted defaults to NaturalGas explanation BoilerFlowMode Boiler Flow Mode BoilerType BOILER SIMPLE ConstantFlow For the autosized command See BOILER SIMPLE for more VariableFlow required if if omitted defaults to ConstantFlow See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation
130. cts generated CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST NODE LIST DIRECT AIR VAVAirLoop Autosize and VAVAirLoop Describes the air loop and demand side branches for a single duct VAV reheat system with outside air economizer option Autosized version uses COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING only and offers options for plenum return and a main heating coil The following parameters are required for both commands AirSysName Air handling system name This name is used as a prefix for the air handling system object names and node names NumberOfZones Number of zones serve by this air loop Up to 50 zones may be served by one loop Zone1Name Zone2Name Zone50Name Names of zone 1 zone 2 zone 50 4 23 05 102 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 AvailSched Availability schedule for this air loop See AIR PRIMARY LOOP for more explanation CoolAvailSched Cooling coil availability schedule See COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING for more explanation ColdSupplyTSch Cooling supply air temperature setpoint control schedule C Sets the setpoint at the air loop exit after the supply fan Cooling coil setpoint is set based on this to allow for supply fan heat See SET POINT MANAGER SCHEDULED and SET POINT MANAGER MIXED AIR for more explanation MinOASched Minimum Outside Air Schedule Name if no schedule See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation
131. currently an observed value reported by the meteorological offices through the world The utility also prepares an statistical summary of the weather data set as part of the processing An additional output format from the utility is a comma delimited file that can easily be imported into a spreadsheet program such as Excel for further user perusal charting and or editing The utility consists of two parts a user interface that executes on standard Wintel systems and a DLL that does the work of the processing The DLL interface will be described in a later section for those developers who might wish to access it directly The user front end is a simple to use program with standard graphical user interface menus For convenience it automatically opens with the convert option Utility to assist in creating EnergyPlus Weather Formatted Data S loj x Ele Convert Data Help Convert Data 9055 181 xl f SelectFile to Convert Input Weather Data File o E Type Default 4 23 05 Figure 1 Main menu screen of the Weather Converter Utility File Menu The file menu has four options WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER CONVERTER USE Fix Out of Range Data This is a toggle option that once selected is saved in the registry with other options for example screen size for the program As shown in the IDD type description of the Weather Data there are minimum and max
132. e key TRUE key FALSE A2 Nfield FIXBC is the lower boundary at a fixed temperatur type choice key TRUE Nkey FALSE note FALSE selects the zero flux lower boundary condition N1 field TDEEPin note User input lower boundary temperature if FIXBC is TRUE units C note Blank for FIXBC FALSE or note to use the calculated 1 D deep ground temperature A3 field USRHflag Is the ground surface h specified by the user type choice key TRUE key FALSE N2 field USERH User specified ground surface heat transfer coeff units W m2 note Used only if USRHflag is TRUE BldgProps Object This object provides information about the building and its operating conditions 4 23 05 66 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD Field IYRS Number of years to iterate This field specifies the number of years to iterate This means that the simulation comes to an either an annual steady periodic condition by converging to a tolerance see ConvTol field or it runs for this number of years A ten year maximum is usually sufficient It is important to note that the ground heat transfer behavior will change during the first several years of operating a ground contact structure It takes several years to change from the undisturbed profile to the disturbed profile under a building Field Shape Slab shape Use only the value 0 here Only a recta
133. e PLANT LOOP for more explanation ChWLoopMinTemp Minimum chilled water temperature C See PLANT LOOP for more explanation ChWLoopVolume Chilled water loop volume m3 May be set to autosize See PLANT LOOP for more explanation Hot Water Loop Parameter Group HWLoopMaxFlow Max HW flow total to all coils m3 s See PLANT LOOP for more explanation HWLoopMinFlow Min HW flow total to all coils m3 s See PLANT LOOP for more explanation 128 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 HWLoopTempSch Hot water setpoint schedule C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See PLANT LOOP for more explanation HWLoopSetPoint Hot water setpoint C if schedule None For a fixed setpoint the template will generate an automatic set point schedule with this value HWLoopMaxTemp Max HW temperature See PLANT LOOP for more explanation HWLoopMinTemp Min HW temperature See PLANT LOOP for more explanation HWLoopVolume HW loop volume m3 See PLANT LOOP for more explanation Condenser Water Loop Parameter Group CndLoopMaxFlow Maximum condenser water flow rate m3 s See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CndLoopMinFlow Minimum condenser water flow total to all coils m3 s _ See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CndLoopTempSch Condenser water setpoint schedule C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See CONDENSER LOOP for more explanation CndLoopSetPoint
134. e commands are required in order to use the HVAC Templates 93 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES TEMPLATE COMMANDS 4 23 05 fileprefix lt path gt Sets the path to where the master template definition file is located includesilent HVACTemplates imf or includesilent HVACTemplates Autosize imf Includes the template definition file into the input stream without echoing it to the epmdet file set1 VariableName lt Value gt Sets macro variable VariableName to Value MacroName Invokes a multi line macro to insert a block of EnergyPlus objects into the input stream The commands listed above are the only required commands but the entire set of EP Macro commands may be used both in managing the HVAC template inputs or elsewhere in the input file Syntax Rules The following rules must be adhered to in order for the HVAC template macros to process correctly Macro variable names are case insensitive so set1 ZoneName and set1 zonename are equivalent System macro names are invoked after the required input variables have been set System macro names must be followed by in order to identify the name as a macro All strings must be enclosed in double quotes String Strings for inputs other than zone and system names may contain only letters numbers and dashes They may not contain spaces or other special characters Zone names and system names limited to 32 characters Note this is less than the EnergyPlu
135. e data source files do not have standard station identifiers Rather they use a climate zone designator from 1 16 This file is used to obtain the latitude longitude time zone and elevation data for these climate zones The WYEC2 File Source Code field 2 column 6 of each data record is used to determine that the file is a California compliance type file 53 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM INTERFACE TO THE EPLUSWTH DLL 4 23 05 USDesignConditions csv CanadaDesignConditions csv WorldDesignConditions csv The three files for design conditions have roughly the same format These are the values from the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals 2001 Chapter 27 SI Tables 1a 1b 2a 2b 3a 3b 4a 4b The WMO station identifier is used to determine the design condition values that apply to a source data file and thus are included in the DESIGN CONDITION header record on the EPW file produced as part of the conversion This information is also included in the statistical report file STAT produced from the weather converter utility In addition these are used to supply the information for the design day object DDY file creation Public calls to EPlusWth dll Several points of the library are made available for use with external programs In each case the parameters passed will be described along with the Visual Basic VB6 code that is used to declare them as well as Fortran 90 style Interface statements to the same calls The library
136. een determined that 15 meters is quite satisfactory Field N2 specifies the height of the basement wall above the grade level This should be zero for EnergyPlus runs since if an above grade segment is to be simulated it should be done with EnergyPlus not with the basement program Field N3 specifies the floor slab thickness Field N4 specifies the depth of the basement wall below grade level This is the height of the wall above the footing Important Files for Ground Heat Transfer with Basements 4 23 05 The basement program used to calculate the results is included with the EnergyPlus distribution It requires an input file named BasementGHTin idf in input data file format The needed corresponding idd file is BasementGHT idd An EnergyPlus weather file for the location is also needed A batch file RunBasement is placed in the same folder with the program and sample files To use it Command mode or DOS mode one may modify several important lines Instructions Complete the following path and program names path names must have a following N or errors will happen set program path set program name Basement ex set input path set output path set weather_path C EnergyPlus WeatherData and then in command mode issue the run command RunBasement myinput Chicago Where you would have myinput idf in input path and Chicago would be the name of the epw file in the weather path You should set u
137. ent Naming Conventions EnergyPlus mw mm day day Short Name Long Name Used by 4 23 05 14 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING 4 23 05 EnergyPlus Field DataUnits Short Name Long Name Used by There should be as many DataUnits entries as DataElement entries These are not generally used but may be used in the future for automatic conversions The exception to this is temperature fields Use for Fahrenheit for Kelvin temperatures Note that the DataConversionFactor for this field will be applied prior to conversion Many formats use integer numbers to represent values that are in tenths for example Field DataConversionFactors There should be as many DataConversionFactors entries as DataElement entries These factors are multiplicative factors i e the input value is multiplied by this factor and can be used to process input data into the values used in the EPW weather files WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING 4 23 05 Field InFormat The value in this field should be delimited if you are using a free format data file or specify a Fortran style format statement Field DelimiterChar If you use a delimited format file you need to specify a delimiter character A single character should be specified Expected Formats for amp datacontrol Most of the items in this eleme
138. er UA value at High Fan Speed W C See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserAirLo Condenser Air Flow Rate at Low Fan Speed m3 s See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserFanLo Condenser Fan Power at Low Fan Speed W See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserUALo Condenser UA value at Low Fan Speed W C See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation End COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED parameters 134 WINEPDRAW INTRODUCTION WinEPDraw Introduction The WinEPDraw program is a simple utility that can be used to generate a dxf file from an input file without going entirely through the input scan for EnergyPlus It is a simple Windows applet that is stored in the primary EnergyPlus folder upon installation A companion DLL EplusDrw dll is also needed should you want to put this application in another folder ioj x File Options View Help 2 Status 4 21 2005 11 24 PM Figure 14 WinEPDraw Main Screen File Menu The file menu has four options Select Input File The Select Input File option corresponds to the folder open icon on the tool bar area and allows you to select an IDF file Create DXF File The Create DXF File option corresponds to the traffic signal icon on the tool bar area and creates a DXF file from the current input file 4 23 05 135 WINEPDRAW INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 Select DXF File The Select DXF
139. er consumption W See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation CndPmpMtrEff Condenser water pump motor efficiency See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation CndPmpMtrToFluid Condenser water pump fraction of motor inefficiencies to fluid See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation 131 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 CndPmpPiLdCoeff1 CndPmpPiLdCoeff2 CndPmpPiLdCoeff3 CndPmpPiLdCoeff4 These parameters are the coefficients of the condenser water pump part load performance curve See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED for more explanation Applicable only if CndPmpType Variable CndPmpCtrl Condenser water pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation Boiler Parameter Group BoilerCap Boiler capacity W See BOILER SIMPLE or PURCHASED HOT WATER for more explanation The following parameters are only required if BOILER SIMPLE is the selected boiler type BoilerFuel Boiler fuel type The fuel type can be Electricity NaturalGas PropaneGas FuelOil 1 FuelOil 2 Coal Diesel or Gasoline See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerEffic Boiler Theoretical Efficiency See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerMinPtLd Boiler Minimum Part Load Ratio See BOILER SIMPLE for more explanation BoilerMaxPtLd Boiler Maximum Part Load Ratio See BOILER SIMP
140. erature heuristic calculation are shown typically for 3 depths Users may also fill in the blank fields soil conductivity soil density soil specific heat with known values and or perform their own calculations and depths and supply those Number of Ground Temperature Depths Ground Temperature Depth m Soil Conductivity W m K Soil Density kg m3 Soil Specific Heat J kg K Jan C Feb C Mar C Apr C May C Jun C Jul C Aug C Sep C Oct C Nov C Dec C lt repeat to Number of temperature depths gt Sis Dy pew 20 69922 30 2269 22 26 19 95 1 F438 09 1348 12 89 1S 86 15 84 18229 25 19 18 20 71 21 21 21 420 20 16 18 43 106 08 15 03 14 25 14 45 15 59 17 28 4 18 18 19 38 20 10 20 30 19 02 18 80 17 56 16 35 15 56 15 39 15 89 16 89 Holiday Daylight Saving Header Data CSV If these data are entered the weather converter will process them Default weather processing contains no holidays or daylight saving period Of course these can also be specified in your input data file for EnergyPlus and do not need to be embedded in the weather file Leap Year Observed Daylight Saving Start Date Daylight Saving End Date Number of Holidays Holiday Name Holiday Date lt repeat for Holidays No 0 0 0 Comment 1 Header Data CSV Some original data files fill the comment 1 header and some do not Typically it will display at least a station number and potentially more information Comment Li
141. eriods of typical weather patterns based on analysis of the data are also included within the 3 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER DATA AVAILABILITY format A side by side comparison of data included in the E E weather format with data previously used by ESP r DOE 2 and BLAST is shown in Table 1 deficiency noted within ESP r for example is the lack of correcting air volumes for elevation change many of the users of ESP r are in relatively low elevations For DOE 2 and BLAST neither program used illumination data in daylighting calculations or infrared sky temperatures it was always recalculated at time of use By including the uncertainty and data source information found in TMY2 users now can evaluate the potential impact of weather variability on the performance of the building McDonald and Strachan 1998 are introducing uncertainty analysis into ESP r We use the EnergyPlus data dictionary format to describe the E E weather data set See the end of this document Each line in the format is preceded by a keyword such as LOCATION DESIGN CONDITIONS followed by a list of variables beginning either with A or N and a number A stands for alphanumeric N for numeric The number following A N is the sequence of that number in the keyword list Commas separate data Refer to the IDD Conventions document in Getting Started for further explanation of the format The header information consists of eight lines keywords LOCATI
142. ese programs include Weather Converter Program aka Weather Ground Heat Transfer in EnergyPlus Procedure for Ground Temperature creation VCompare To compare two Idd files Transition to convert input files from one version to another upon release of a new version HVAC System Templates Used to assist you in creating HVAC systems WinEPDraw Create DXF files from your input files Input Macros Use a macro language to increase efficiency in creating EnergyPlus input files HVAC Diagram Use a post processing program to diagram your HVAC inputs CoeffConv CoeffCheck Convert DOE 2 temperature dependent curves Fahrenheit to EnergyPlus temperature curves Centigrade Celsius ExpandObjects Use the Compact HVAC objects for easy HVAC object entry CSVproc Get simple statistics from CSV output files WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM BACKGROUND Weather Converter Program The Weather Converter program is stored in the EnergyPlus folder area under PreProcess and subsequently in the WeatherConverter folder To perform annual run period simulations in EnergyPlus one needs weather data Most weather data is still issued in an hour by hour hourly format though as you will see EnergyPlus and its weather converter can accept data that has a finer resolution on the data such as every 10 or 15 minutes The special weather format EPW used in EnergyPlus is a simple ascii format as is common in the
143. et EEM 89 Table 22 Transition files for current release 89 4 23 05 TABLE OF CONTENTS Table 23 Transition Output Files and Descriptions 90 HVAC System 91 Template Structure and Usage 91 Overall Template 10 91 Figure 13 HVAC Template 92 Using the Templates as a Pre Processing 93 Using the Templates Directly in the Input File 93 Autosized vs Fully Specified Template Commands 93 Template Commands oue rat eue 93 BaSiCGOMMAaMNOS e 93 Syntax ctore chen tue 94 Isdceig fc 95 HVAC IDF Segmiernis te n er t DR esie vaste eS ER Metus 95 Describing Typical HVAC Systems Using the HVAC Templates 95 Purchased Air Systels oes a pena mec ene top aea o 95 Packaged Furnace with DX Cooling 95 Four Pipe Fan Coil System sic dier t b er 95 Single Duct VAV System with Outside Air
144. eter slab temperatures are affected slightly IM I JO o Monthly Slab Outside Face Temperatures Perimeter Area 304 00 Core Area 1296 00 Month Averag Perimeter Core Inside 1 dicas 16 03 17 86 18 0 2 T7429 15 85 17 63 18 0 3 172227 16 00 13557 18 0 4 18 87 17 77 T9413 20 0 5 1 92 Ti 18 16 1 9 5 34 20 0 6 19 17 18 34 19 37 20 0 7 20 81 20 07 20 98 22 0 8 21 05 20 36 21 21 22 0 9 21 09 20 38 21 26 22 50 10 21 08 20 19 21 29 22 0 11 19 47 18 45 19 71 20 0 12 19 20 17 92 19 51 20 0 An example of a 24 hour inside temperature profile for this case is shown below The sine wave amplitude was 2 C Day Hour Perim Out Ts Core Out Ts Inside Temp 1 17 30827 19 15832 18 51749 2 17 29503 19 15274 18 99974 3 17 30236 19 16732 19 41389 4 17 32258 19 19376 19 13135 5 17 34834 19 22526 19 93166 6 17 37288 19 25529 20 00000 7 17 39023 19 27798 19 93212 8 17 39544 19 28838 19 73265 9 17 38485 19 28117 19 41517 10 17 35602 19 24733 19 00130 11 17 30590 19 18686 18 51924 12 17 23507 19 10210 18 00180 13 17 14650 18 99703 17 48425 14 17 04291 18 87713 17 00183 15 16 92873 18 74895 16 58738 16 16 81076 18 61963 16 26915 4 23 05 61 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USE OF THE GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH SLABS 17 16 69609 18 49656 16 06881 18 16 59243 18 38671 16 00000 19 16 50669 18 29626 16 06741 20 16 44276 18 23010 16 26645 21 16 40369 18 19161 16 58356 22 16 38873 1
145. f cells in the Y direction 20 N3 field NZAG Number of cells in the Z direction i above grade 4 Always N4 field NZBG Number of cells in Z dir below grade 10 35 N5 field IBASE X direction cell indicator of slab edge 5 20 N6 field JBASE Y direction cell indicator of slab edge 5 20 N7 Nfield KBASE Z direction cell indicator of the top of the floor slab 5 20 XFACE NOTE This is only needed when usuing manual gridding not recommended XFACE X Direction cell face coordinates m N1 N2 N3 NA N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 N17 N18 N19 N20 N21 N22 N23 N24 N25 N26 N27 N28 N29 N30 N31 N32 N33 N34 N35 N36 N37 N38 N39 N40 N41 N42 N43 N44 YFACE NOTE This is only needed when usuing manual gridding l not recommended YFACE Y Direction cell face coordinates m N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 N16 N17 N18 N19 N20 N21 N22 N23 N24 N25 N26 N27 N28 N29 N30 N31 N32 N33 N34 N35 N36 N37 N38 N39 N40 N41 N42 N43 N44 ZFACE NOTE This is only needed when usuing manual gridding not recommended ZFACE Z Direction cell face coordinates m N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7 N8 N9 N10 N11 N12 N13 N14 N15 NI6 NLT Nl8 NI9 N20 N21 N22 N23 N24 N25 N26 N27 N28 N29 N30 N31 N32 N33 N34 N35 N36 N37 N38 N39 N40 Description of the Objects in the Basement
146. f3 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeff4 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient4 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT ChW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS setl HWPmpType Variable HW Pump Type Variable or Constant set1 HWPmpHead 300000 HW Pump Rated Pump Head Pa setl HWPmpPower 900 HW Pump Rated Power Consumption W setl HWPmpMtrEff 0 87 HW Pump Motor Efficiency setl HWPmpMtrToFluid 0 0 HW Pump Frac Motor Inefficiencies to Fluid setl HWPmpPtLdCoeffl 1 0 HW Pump Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff2 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff3 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpPtLdCoeff4 0 0 HW Pump Coefficient4 Part Load Perf Curve setl HWPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT HW pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS PurchasedSupplyWithBypass Objects generated PLANT LOOP BRANCH LIST 4 23 05 118 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER BRANCH PIPE Option select one PUMP VARIABLE SPEED PUMP CONSTANT SPEED PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES COOLING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION HEATING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION LOAD RANGE EQUIPMENT LIST PURCHASED CHILLED WATER PURCHASED HOT WATER BoilerSupply1 Autosize Not implemented yet and BoilerSupply1 BoilerSupply1WithBypass Autosize and BoilerSupply1WithBypass Des
147. fficiency setl CndPmpMtrToFluid 0 0 Cnd Pump Frac Motor Inefficiencies to Fluid setl CndPmpPtLdCoeffl 1 0 Pump Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl CndPmpPtLdCoeff2 0 0 Cnd Pump Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl CndPmpPtLdCoeff3 0 0 Cnd Pump Coefficient3 Part Load Perf Curve setl CndPmpPtLdCoeff4 0 0 Cnd Pump Coefficient4 Part Load Perf Curve setl CndPmpCtrl INTERMITTENT Cnd pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS Condenserl Objects generated CONDENSER LOOP BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER BRANCH PIPE 4 23 05 127 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 PUMP VARIABLE SPEED CONDENSER OPERATION SCHEMES COOLING LOAD RANGE BASED OPERATION LOAD RANGE EQUIPMENT LIST Option select one COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED Chilled Water Loop Parameter Group ChWLoopMaxFlow Maximum chilled water flow rate total to all coils m3 s See PLANT LOOP for more explanation ChWLoopMinFlow Minimum chilled water flow total to all coils m3 s See PLANT LOOP for more explanation ChWLoopTempSch Chilled water setpoint schedule C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See PLANT LOOP for more explanation ChWLoopSetPoint Chilled water setpoint C if schedule None For a fixed setpoint the template will generate an automatic set point schedule with this value ChWLoopMaxTemp Maximum chilled water temperature C Se
148. file these are three separate fields year month and day in this example The time field combines the hours and minutes into one field hh mm This makes it easier for graphing with spreadsheet programs but a bit harder if you use the CSV format as input Each data item field obeys the same missing rules as shown above in the EPW data layout Missing Weather File Data The following data contains missing descriptors a new concept not introduced previously in our IDD conventions In this case it will be processed as though those values are missing in the weather conversions This may not always be desirable though the weather processor will fill in missing value with something appropriate Eventually these missing values will be available through the weather processor Until then the following are used for initial missing conditions When a valid value is encountered from weather data however it will become the new missing replacement value Table 11 Missing weather replacement values Dry Bulb Temperature Dew Point Temperature Relative Humidity Atmospheric Pressure Standard Barometric Pressure altitude based Wind Speed 2 5 m s Wind Direction 180 Deg Total Sky Cover tenths Opaque Sky Cover tenths Visibility Km Ceiling Height m Precipitable Water Mm Aerosol Optical Depth Broadband turbidity Snow Depth Cm Days Since Last Snow Days 4 23 05 45 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM SOUR
149. for selection and usually with a specific purpose for use A data format is merely the identification of data elements in a data file In the TMY2 example the TMY2 data set was developed as described below and the format of the data is usually called a TMY2 format Any data could be put into a TMY2 format but it wouldn t necessarily be selected using the same procedures as the TMY2 data set SAMSON Data Set Format A highly reliable source of historical data for U S locations is the Solar and Meteorological Surface Observational Network SAMSON data set assembled by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL in Golden CO http Avww nrel gov The SAMSON data set contains a 30 year 1961 to 1990 period of record for 239 locations and are available from the NCDC SAMSON also describes a file format Though no data from the SAMSON data set are available for download in EPW format the weather conversion utility can read and process this file format TMY 2 Data Set Format The TMY2 are data sets of hourly values of solar radiation and meteorological elements for a 1 year period Their intended use is for computer simulations of solar energy conversion systems and building systems to facilitate performance comparisons of different system types configurations and locations in the United States and its territories Because they represent typical rather than extreme conditions they are not suited for designing systems to meet the worst ca
150. fraction 4 23 05 113 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Outside Air Parameters setl MaxOAFlow 0 0 Maximum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s If no outside air the following parameters may be omitted 4 setl MinOAFlow 0 4333 Minimum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s setl EconoChoice ECONOMIZER ECONOMIZER or NO ECONOMIZER setl RATempLimit NO RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR TEMP LIMIT setl RAEnthLimit NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT or NO RETURN AIR ENTHALPY LIMIT setl EconoDXLockout NO LOCKOUT NO LOCKOUT LOCKOUT WITH HEATING or LOCKOUT WITH COMPRESSOR setl MinOALimit PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM FIXED MINIMUM or PROPORTIONAL MINIMUM setl EconoTempLimitHi 19 0 Econo upper temperature limit C if no limit setl EconoTempLimitLo 4 0 Econo lower temperature limit C if no limit setl EconoEnthLimit em om Econo upper enthalpy limit J kg if no limit setl MinOASched Minimum Outside Air Schedule Name if no schedule UnitaryAirLoop Objects generated AIR PRIMARY LOOP BRANCH LIST BRANCH ZONE SUPPLY AIR PATH ZONE RETURN AIR PATH ZONE SPLITTER ZONE MIXER SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER LIST SYSTEM AVAILABILITY MANAGER SCHEDULED SET POINT MANAGER SCHEDULED Option select one FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATONLY FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL UNITARYSYSTEM BLOWTHRU HEATON
151. fraction setl DX PLF Curve load ratio E FURNACE HEATCOOL UNITARY HEATONLY or UNITARY HEATCOOL Cycling 25000 80 EAST ZONE 0 276923 GAS 0 8 0 0 None function of part load ratio 25000 0 75 3 0 Defaul Defau Defaul Defaul Defaul goes through the controlling zone t t t Lt lt System type FURNACE HEATONLY Fan Operating Mode Cycling or Furnace heating capacity W Maximum supply air temperature Controlling zone or thermostat FURNACE HEATCOOL Continuous from furnace heater location Fraction of the total or design volume flow that DX Coil cooling capacity W rated SHR rated COP Heating coil type Gas or Electric Gas Burner Efficiency of the Coil fraction Gas Burner Parasitic Electric Load W Gas Burner Part load fraction correlation total cooling capacity modifier curve function of total cooling capacity modifier curve function of energy input ratio modifier curve function of energy input ratio modifier curve function of part load fraction correlation function of part Fan Parameters for FAN SIMPLE ONOFF setl FanEffic setl FanPressure setl FanMinVolFlow setl FanMtrEffic setl FanMtrInAir 0 7 600 0 0 20 0 9 1 0 Fan Total Efficiency Delta Pressure Pa Min Vol Flow Rate m3 s Motor efficiency Motor in air stream
152. general comma delimited format Thus they can be easily viewed by importing into a spreadsheet program such as Excel M The files are used to support information lacking in the source data files and or supply additional information used during the conversion process In each case with one exception there will be a single or set of header records describing each column of the file and then the data values of the file will follow on subsequent records Each of the files is described briefly in the next few sections Abbreviations csv This file does not have a header record but it consists of 3 columns It is used for data files that might have 2 character abbreviations for US States or Canadian provinces and provides a translation to the full name and 3 character country code Likewise it can use the full name of these items to obtain the 2 character abbreviation or 3 character country code WBANLocations csv In many older data sets the station identifier for the weather data uses the WBAN Weather Bureau Army Navy designation system This has largely been superceded by the WMO World Meteorological Organization designation for station collection site identifiers This file provides a translation between the two identifier systems In addition this file contains latitude longitude time zone and elevation information for the sites Cal Climate Zone Lat Long data csv Note that this file has spaces in the name The California climate zon
153. h mentioning is TRY This is the format of an old test reference year data set that did not include solar radiation data Test Reference Year is a term that usually denotes selection of a specific year of real data based on some statistical procedure The original TRY data TD 9706 was based on an ASHRAE procedure to select the data from a period of record The principle of the selection is to eliminate years in the period of record containing months with extremely high or low mean temperatures until only one year remains The weather conversion utility cannot process data in TRY format However many organizations develop data for reference year data e g European TRY Moisture Reference Data Custom Format Using a definitions file see Description of Def input file the weather converter can process a wide range of data formats In the table below both the GDG and CTYW weather data was processed by a custom format approach Solar Data Source weather data files may or may not contain solar data All of the files that can be processed by the EnergyPlus Weather conversion utility contain solar data The weather processor will transfer this data to the EPW weather file and the EnergyPlus simulation program will use it Historical weather data files in CD144 format do not contain solar data nor is such data generally available for a specific location and time period In this case ersatz solar data mu
154. herwise the quotes around the literals are optional 3 Literal concatenation operators and produce quoted literals E g large office gives large office 4 Literals are case sensitive For example Chicago CHICAGO and chicago are distinct 5 EQS and NES are case sensitive string comparisons EQSU and NESU are case insensitive string comparisons 6 Literals are limited to 40 characters Macro Debugging and Listing Control 4 23 05 list Turn on listing echo of input lines on the OUTPUT file is enabled This is the default condition nolist Turn off listing echo of input lines on the output file is disabled show Start printing expanded line on output file After this command if a macro expansion was done the expanded line is printed on the output file In this way you can see the end result of macro expansions which is the input as seen by the EnergyPlus Input processor noshow Stop printing expanded line on output file This is the default condition showdetail Start printing each macro expansion After this command every time a macro expansion is done the result of the expansion is printed This can produce lots of output noshowdetail Stop printing each macro expansion This is the default condition traceback 144 INPUT MACROS MACRO DEBUGGING AND LISTING CONTROL 4 23 05 Give full traceback when printing an error message After this command if there is a EP MAC
155. ibe the zone equipment for a zone with Purchased Air are shown below CONTROLLED ZONE EQUIP CONFIGURATION RESISTIVE ZONE zone name RESISTIVE ZO Equipment zone equipment list RESISTIVE ZO Inlets inlet node list exhaust node list RESISTIVE ZO ZoneNode zone node RESISTIVE ZO Outlet Node zone outlet node ZONE EQUIPMENT LIST RESISTIVE ZONE Equipment name PURCHASED AIR RESISTIVE ZONE PurchasedAir 1 1 NODE LIST RESISTIVE ZONE Inlets name RESISTIVE ZONE PurchAirOutletNode the zone inlet is the fancoil air outlet PURCHASED AIR RESISTIVE ZONE PurchasedAir Name RESISTIVE ZONE PurchAirOutletNode Zone Supply Air Node Name 50 Heating Supply Air Temp 13 Cooling Supply Air Temp 0 015 Heating Supply Air Humidity Ratio 0 010 Cooling Supply Air Humidity Ratio HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES TEMPLATE STRUCTURE AND USAGE Using the template language the following input produces the same set of objects setl ZoneName RESISTIVE ZONE Setl AvailSched FanAndCoilAvailSched setl HeatSuppAirTemp 50 setl CoolSuppAirTemp 13 setl HeatSuppAirHR 0 015 set1 CoolSuppAirHR 0 010 PurchAirZone The example above illustrates the basic way in which the templates are used m First
156. ibuted Report Variables 1 2 1 022 to 1 2 2 csv Report variable name changes Another file Rules1 2 1 to 1 2 2 xls is not used directly by the program but contains the rules for translating objects from version 1 2 1 release to the 1 2 2 release The ObjectStatus file can also be viewed it will show if deleted objects are automatically transitioned to the new input file versions Inputs to the Transition program are similar to the VCompare but do not include asking the user for the IDD files these are fixed for each Transition version It uses the Energy ini file in the same folder where it is executed from to determine the location of the IDD files The report variables conversion is not quite perfect but hopefully close For example in one of our releases many new fuel types were added so that now one might have a Gas Electric or Fuel Oil 1 Boiler The old Fuel Consumption report variable in this case should get transferred to the new Boiler fuel Consumption but the Transition program isn t smart enough to know what kind of fuel your boiler is using to it transforms to the Boiler Gas Consumption variable If in fact you have a different fuel for your boiler you will receive a warning message that Boiler Gas Consumption does not apply in the eplusout err file Just revise these kinds of variable names to the proper fuel Several other components will also exhibit this kind of translation problem As you will
157. id Input File Types for ProcessWeather call 56 Table 20 Valid Output File Types for the ProcessWeather call 56 PGICLOMIGOS NM Cm 57 Web TH 58 Ground Heat BransteriBnerdyP 5 eut epe ror Doe 59 aD o aoo Ee tu I 59 INtrodUCtON 59 Use of the Ground Temperatures with 51 60 Figure 8 Daily Temperature Profiles Slab 62 Slab configuration Drawing ret A UR RENE NE nO E NEUE 63 Figure 9 Slab in grade illustration sse 63 Important Files for Ground Heat Transfer with Slabs 63 Description of the Objects in the 5 100 64 Materials 64 MatlPrOoDS erret 65 BouridGorids na Sled nach 65 BldgProps ODIGGL nes 66 Insulation 1 EX Peek rece SER e Ere A 68 Eg iSlab Ojetti NU Ra Rates net coins ead 69 4 23 05 TABLE OF CONTENTS EdquivAutoGrid OBIGGL desk seach soup eei 69 Figure 10 Illustration of Slab Thickness vs Outside Temperature 70 Additional ObJecls eene qi REEL
158. imum values for several of the fields The weather converter program can ignore these and just report them or it can try to fix them with appropriate values If the option is checked then the processor will try to fix the data if it is blank the processor will not fix the data though it will report any out of range data that it finds Select Delta DB Trigger Depending on the quality control and accuracy of the weather data collection time period usually hour to hour changes in some data values may make the data suspect for that time period This selection brings up the screen shown below and will allow the user some control over the actual value reporting Note that this data is not fixed merely reported by the program in the audit output file Utility to assist in creating EnergyPlus Weather Formatted Dat Ele Convert Data Help i Convert Data Innst s Select Value for Delta DB Trigger Sel Use Calculated Value as primary trigger C Use5 t OK Canoe C Use 15 C Ignore Calculated Value Figure 2 Delta DB Trigger Selection Though only one trigger value is selected from this screen consecutive values of dry bulb temperature dew point temperature and wind speed are reported using appropriate calculated values Both dew point and wind speed use a calculated value based on mean of their values over the entire data period and standard deviation from that mean heuristica
159. ions one with autosizing and defaults and one where the user specifies all required sizing and control information These examples here use the autosize versions Purchased Air System ZoneThermostat once for each zone PurchAirZone Autosize once for each zone Packaged Furnace with DX Cooling System ZoneThermostat once for each zone DirectAirZone Autosize once for each zone UnitaryAirL oop Autosize Four Pipe Fan Coil System ZoneThermostat once for each zone 4PipeFanCoilZone Autosize once for each zone FanCoilLoops Autosize Single Duct VAV System with Outside Air Option ZoneThermostat once for each zone VAVZone Autosize once for each zone VAVAirLoop Autosize 95 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS ChilledWaterDemand Autosize HotWaterDemand Autosize Purchased Hot Water Chilled Water Supply Plant PurchasedSupplyWithBypass Autosize Single Chiller Supply Plant ChillerSupply1 Autosize Condenser1 Autosize Single Boiler Supply Plant BoilerSupply1 Autosize System Macro Commands 4 23 05 Each available system macro command is described below including descriptions of the parameters which must be set prior to invoking the macro an example of the macro inputs and a list of the EnergyPlus objects which are generated by the macro Many of the parameters are equivalent to a specific field in a standard EnergyPlus object so the parameter
160. is placed in the same folder with the weather converter utility you may need to copy it to your program s folder if you choose to add external calls from your program to it SetupPWinternalDataPath This call designates the path to the files listed above This is the location where the ProcessWeather call will expect to find the files Having this incorrectly specified is not fatal but will probably cause confusion VB declaration statement Private Declare Sub SetupPWInternalDataPath Lib EPlusWth ByVal strPath As String ByVal InPathLen As Long And a call from a VB program Call SetupPWInternalDataPath AppPath Len AppPath Likewise for Fortran 90 95 INTERFACE SUBROUTINE SetupPWInternalDataPath Path CHARACTER len INTENT IN Path Path where data files reside END SUBROUTINE END INTERFACE And then calling it from Fortran Character len 255 DataPath CALL SetupPWInternalDataPath trim DataPath SetFixOutOfRangeData As shown earlier file menu option in the weather converter utility there is an option to fix out of range data or not By default this is turned off does not fix data Again a character convention for fixing no for not fixing is used Case of the actual string is ignored VB Declaration statement Private Declare Sub SetFixOutOfRangeData Lib EPlusWth ByVal strVa
161. ity missing 999 minimum 0 maximum 110 N9 field Atmospheric Station Pressure units Pa missing 999999 minimum gt 31000 maximum lt 120000 N10 field Extraterrestrial Horizontal Radiation units Wh m2 missing 9999 N11 field Extraterrestrial Direct Normal Radiation units Wh m2 missing 9999 N12 field Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity units Wh m2 missing 9999 N13 field Global Horizontal Radiation units Wh m2 missing 9999 N14 field Direct Normal Radiation units Wh m2 missing 9999 minimum 0 N15 field Diffuse Horizontal Radiation units Wh m2 missing 9999 minimum 0 4 23 05 36 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY N16 field Global Horizontal Illuminance units lux missing 999999 note will be missing if gt 999900 N17 field Direct Normal Illuminance units lux missing 999999 note will be missing if gt 999900 N18 field Diffuse Horizontal Illuminance units lux missing 999999 note will be missing if gt 999900 N19 field Zenith Luminance units Cd m2 missing 9999 note will be missing if gt 9999 N20 field Wind Direction units degrees missing 999 minimum 0 maximum 360 N21 field Wind Speed units m s missing 999 minimum 0 maximum 40 N22 field Total Sky Cover used if Horizontal IR Intensity missing missing 99 N23 Vfield Opaque Sky Cover sed if Horizontal IR
162. kend Holiday Rule Yes Use WeatherFile Rain Indicators Yes Use WeatherFile Snow Indicators Will use any holidays specified in the Holidays Daylight Saving header record of the weather file but will not use the Daylight Saving Period that is specified there if any In addition the user can specify Special Day Periods via the Special Day Period object and or Daylight Saving Period via the Daylight Saving Period object to additionally specify these items COMMENTS 1 Al field Comments 1 COMMENTS 2 Al field Comments 2 The Comment header records may provide additional information about the weather data source or other information which may not fit in other header record formats 4 23 05 34 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY DATA PERIODS N1 field Number of Data Periods N2 field Number of Records per hour Al field Data Period 1 Name Description A2 field Data Period 1 Start Day of Week type choice key Sunday key Monday key Tuesday key Wednesday key Thursday key Friday key Saturday A3 field Data Period 1 Start Day A4 field Data Period 1 End Day note repeat above to number of data periods A weather file may contain several data periods though this is not required and in fact may be detrimental In addition a weather file may contain multiple records per hour BUT these must match the Number of Time Steps In Hour for the si
163. lets 6 Light ice crystals 7 Moderate ice crystals 8 Heavy ice crystals 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes Beginning in April 1963 any occurrence of ice crystals is recorded as a 7 5 Occurrence of 0 7 9 0 Light snow Snow Showers 1 Moderate snow showers Snow Squalls or 2 Heavy snow showers Snow Grains 3 Light snow squall 4 Moderate snow squall 5 Heavy snow squall 6 Light snow grains 7 Moderate snow grains 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 4 23 05 41 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY 4 23 05 Column Element Possible Definition Description Values Position in Field 8 Occurrence of 0 2 4 9 0 Light ice pellet showers Sleet Sleet 1 Moderate ice pellet showers Showers or Hail 2 Heavy ice pellet showers 4 Hail 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes Prior to April 1970 ice pellets were coded as sleet Beginning in April 1970 sleet and small hail were redefined as ice pellets and are coded as 0 1 or 2 9 Occurrence of 0 9 0 Fog Fog Blowing 1 Ice fog Dust or Blowing 2 Ground fog Sand 3 Blowing dust 4 Blowing sand 5 Heavy fog 6 Glaze beginning 19
164. ll World Canada and United States Design Conditions These files are available in the DataSet folder of the EnergyPlus installation 4 23 05 32 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY TYPICAL EXTREME PERIODS N1 field Number of Typical Extreme Periods Al field Typical Extreme Period 1 Name A2 field Typical Extreme Period 1 Type A3 field Period 1 Start Day 4 field Period 1 End Day note repeat A1 A3 until number of typical periods Using a heuristic method the weather converter can determine typical and extreme weather periods for full year weather files These will then be shown on the Typical Extreme Periods header record These are also reported in the statistical report output from the Weather Converter GROUND TEMPERATURES N1 Number of Ground Temperature Depths N2 field Ground Temperature Depth 1 units m N3 field Depth 1 Soil Conductivity units W m K N4 field Depth 1 Soil Density units kg m3 N5 field Depth 1 Soil Specific Heat units J kg K N6 field Depth 1 January Average Ground Temperature units C N7 field Depth 1 February Average Ground Temperature units C N8 field Depth 1 March Average Ground Temperature Nunits C N9 field Depth 1 April Average Ground Temperature Nunits C N10 field Depth 1 May Average Ground Temperature units C N11 field Depth 1 June Average Ground Temperature units C
165. lly derived An excerpt from the audit file is illustrative Average Delta DB Change 0 78 C Std Dev 0 83 C Average Delta DP Change 0 68 C Std Dev 0 78 C Average Delta Relative Humidity Change 4 02 Std Dev 4 22 Average Delta Wind Speed Change 0 91m s Std Dev 0 88m s Hourly Dry Bulb temperature change trigger minimum of 12 13 C and 10 C 12 13 C calculated trigger based on mean change in dry bulb temperature and standard deviation shown above 10 C trigger set by user Here the calculated DB trigger would be 12 13 C but the user chosen trigger is 10 Changes gt 10 C will be reported Delta DB DP Range Triggered for Apr 30 Change in DB 11 60 C Hour 14 4 23 05 7 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM WEATHER CONVERTER USE Such detail allows the user to hand edit the incoming data if desired Delete File You may use this menu option to browse your computer and delete files Exit This choice exits the program Converting Data This screen is automatically shown when you start the program it will allow you to select raw data for processing change the default type based on file extension select the kind of conversion you want select where and what name to store for the processed data and process the data An almost completed screen shows Utility to assist in creating EnergyPlus Weather Formatted Data Inl xl Ele Convert Data Help O x Input I
166. lock of input text to be defined and given a name The block of text can then be inserted anywhere in the EnergyPlus input stream by simply referencing the name of the block This process is called macro expansion The block can have parameters also called arguments that can be given different values each time the block is referenced The syntax of the def command is as follows unique name zero or more arguments macro text def macro name argl arg2 arg3 text line 1 p _ dir il one IY ole or Zero one zero Space s more or or or or comma spaces more more more spaces spaces spaces Example Define a schedule macro with name All Const def All_Const x Fraction WeekON 1 1 12 31 WEEKSCHEDULE WeekON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DAYSCHEDULE DayON Fraction X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X enddef Then in the EnergyPlus input stream file in imf when we write SCHEDULE Constant At 0 8 All_Const 0 8 the result file out idf is equivalent to SCHEDULE Constant At 0 8 Fraction WeekON 1 1 12 31 WEEKSCHEDULE WeekON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DayON DAYSCHEDULE DayON Fraction 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8 0 8
167. lue As String ByVal strValueLen As Long And calling it from VB Global FixOutOfRangeData As String 54 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM INTERFACE TO THE EPLUSWTH DLL FixOutOfRangeData Yes Call SetFixOutOfRangeData FixOutOfRangeData Len FixOutOfRangeData For Fortran 90 95 INTERFACE SUBROUTINE SetFixOutOfRangeData YesNo CHARACTER 1 YesNo yes to set fixing option t no to not END SUBROUTINI END INTERFACE And then calling it CALL SetFixOutOfRangeData no SetDefaultChgLimit This call sets the value for the DB trigger shown earlier Both values passed in are strings and are specific to the dialog shown earlier Table 18 Trigger Limit Call Values Trigger Limit Result Ignore Result Calc Trigger use only calculated trigger Uses Calculated Trigger use 5 C Ignores calculated trigger use 10 C use 15 C You can also choose to ignore the calculated trigger entirely If you do not ignore the calculated trigger then the trigger is the minimum of the calculated and your trigger limit selection VB Declaration Statement Private Declare Sub SetDefaultChgLimit Lib EPlusWth ByVal strValue As String ByVal strValueLen As Long ByVal strValue As String ByVal strValueLen As Long And a call from VB Call SetDefaultChgLimit TriggerLimit
168. ly related to extremes of humidity ratio which represent peak moisture loads from the weather Extreme dew point conditions may occur on days with moderate dry bulb temperatures resulting in relatively high humidity These values are especially useful for applications involving humidity control such as desiccant cooling and dehumidification cooling based dehumidification and fresh air ventilation systems These values are also used as a checkpoint when analyzing the behavior of cooling systems at part load conditions particularly when such systems are used for humidity control as a secondary function 4 23 05 26 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM KOPPEN CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION K ppen Climate Classification 4 23 05 Various attempts have been made to classify the climates of the earth into climatic regions One notable yet ancient and misguided example is that of Aristotle s Temperate Torrid and Frigid Zones However the 20th century classification developed by German climatologist and amateur botanist Wladimir K ppen 1846 1940 continues to be the authoritative map of the world climates in use today Introduced in 1928 as a wall map co authored with student Rudolph Geiger the K ppen system of classification map was updated and modified by K ppen until his death Since that time it has been modified by several geographers The modified K ppen Climate Classification System is the most widely used system for classifying the world
169. ments Modified for EnergyPlus Auxiliary Application by C O Pedersen 10 04 Description format FORTRAN var description units typ values SimParameters N1 field F Multiplier for the ADI solution note 0 lt lt 1 0 note typically 0 1 0 5 for high k soil N2 field IYRS Maximum number of yearly iterations note typically 15 30 MatlProps N1 field NMAT Number of materials in this domain UP TO 6 N2 field Density for Foundation Wall note typical value 2243 units kg m 3 N3 field density for Floor Slab note typical value 2243 units kg m 3 N4 field density for Ceiling note typical value 311 Nunits kg m 3 N5 field density for Soil note typical value 1500 units kg m 3 4 23 05 75 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH BASEMENTS N6 field density for Gravel note typical value 2000 units kg m 3 N7 field density for Wood note typical value 449 units kg m 3 N8 field Specific heat for foundation wall note typical value 880 units J kg K N9 field Specific heat for floor slab note typical value 880 units J kg K N10 field Specific heat for ceiling note typical value 1530 units J kg K N11 field Specific heat for soil note typical value 840 units J kg K N12 field Specific heat for gravel note typical value 720 units J kg K N13 field Specific heat for wood note typical value 1530 uni
170. more explanation Cooling Tower Parameter Group The following parameters are applicable to both COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED and COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED CondenserCap Condenser capacity W See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED or COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserAirFree Condenser Air Flow Rate in Free Convection Regime m3 s See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED or COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserUAFree Condenser UA value at Free Convection Air Flow Rate See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED or COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation The following parameters are applicable to only COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED 133 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 CondenserAirFlow Condenser Design Air Flow Rate m3 s See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED for more explanation CondenserFanPwr Condenser Fan Power at Design Air Flow Rate W See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED for more explanation CondenserUA Condenser UA value at Design Air Flow Rate W C See COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED for more explanation End COOLING TOWER SINGLE SPEED parameters The following parameters are applicable to only COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED CondenserAirHi Condenser Air Flow Rate at High Fan Speed m3 s See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserFanHi Condenser Fan Power at High Fan Speed W See COOLING TOWER TWO SPEED for more explanation CondenserUAHi Condens
171. mplate commands and produces a clean input file epmidf extension 4 23 05 92 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES TEMPLATE COMMANDS containing only regular EnergyPlus objects Then EnergyPlus exe is run to produce the usual output files Using the Templates as a Pre Processing Tool Most users will use the templates as a preliminary step to create a set of HVAC system objects which will then be added to an existing idf file containing a building envelope description The following steps describe how to use the templates in this fashion 1 Create a short imf input file containing only the HVAC description using the HVAC template commands 2 Runa simulation using the imf file EP macro will process the template commands and EnergyPlus will try to run the file but it will fail because it is an incomplete file with no building description 3 Review the EP macro output file epmdet for errors Correct and repeat Step 2 if needed 4 The resulting epmidf file will contain a clean set of idf objects describing the HVAC system Using a text editor these objects can then be pasted into the main idf file containing the building description and the rest of the input for the project Advantages of this approach are that the full set of HVAC objects can be seen and further edited directly using the IDF Editor or a text editor Disadvantages are that any major changes to the HVAC system such as adding another zone would require repeating these steps
172. mulation Multiple interval data files can be valued when you want to be sure of the weather values for each time step rather than relying on interpolated weather data A weather file may also contain several consecutive years of weather data EnergyPlus will automatically process the extra years when the Number of Years field is used in the RunPeriod object Sorry there is no way to jump into a year in the middle of the EPW file Note that a Run Period object may not cross Data Period boundary lines For those interested in creating their own weather data or reading the csv and epw files that are produced by the Weather Converter program the fields are shown in the following IDD description Items shown in bold are used directly in the EnergyPlus program 4 23 05 35 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY Actual data does not have a descriptor N1 field Year N2 field Month N3 field Day N4 field Hour N5 field Minute Al field Data Source and Uncertainty Flags memo Initial day of weather file is checked by EnergyPlus for validity as shown below memo Each field is checked for missing as shown below Reasonable values or the last memo good value is substituted N6 field Dry Bulb Temperature units C minimum gt 70 maximum lt 70 N7 field Dew Point Temperature units C minimum gt 70 maximum lt 70 N8 field Relative Humid
173. mum Dew Point temperature of 16 1 C on Aug 4 Minimum Dew Point temperature of 15 9 C on Dec 11 4 23 05 21 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER Sep 2 27 02 Oct 1 24 06 N different from Air Temps Monthly Statistics for Wind Chill Heat Index temperatures C Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Minimum WC 10 8 1 4 Day Hour 29 10 9 24 12 04 21 04 6 04 9 07 Average WC 1 2 4 4 6 5 Avg Del WC 4 5 3 4 2 4 Hours WC 516 381 264 164 39 8 Maximum HI 30 30 Day Hour 17 20 4 20 Average HI 28 28 Avg Del HI 0 0 Hours HI 8 12 WindChill HeatIndex Temps statistics only those Monthly Statistics for Extreme temperatures C Days Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Max gt 32 8 16 24 23 lt 0 lt 0 5 1 Min lt 18 Monthly Heating Cooling Degree Days Hours Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug HDD 10C 96 24 13 0 0 0 0 0 HDD 18C 340 229 198 107 22 6 0 0 CDD 10C 4 19 63 133 292 388 478 442 CDD 18C 0 0 0 0 66 154 230 194 CDH 20C 0 12 74 426 1860 3243 4727 4088 CDH 23C 0 0 7 153 1036 2088 3273 2768 CDH 27C 0 0 0 11 382 1000 1737 1406 2446 annual cooling degree days 10 C baseline 249 annual heating degree days 10 C baseline 782 annual cooling degree days 18 C baseline 1505 annual heating degree days 18 C baseline Sep 17 Sep 347 119 2694 1668 3 35 Oct Oct 216 19 1054 917 139 Nov
174. n salmon sandybrown silver silver silver silver COIL DX COOLINGBYPASSFACTOREMPIRICAL skyblue COIL DX HEATINGEMPIRICAL COIL DX MULTISPEED COOLINGEMPIRICAL COIL WATER DETAILEDFLATCOOLING COIL WATER SIMPLECOOLING COIL WATERTOAIRHP COOLING skyblue skyblue skyblue skyblue skyblue 150 HVAC DIAGRAM INTRODUCTION 4 23 05 PUMP CONSTANT SPEED PUMP VARIABLE SPEED DESICCANT DEHUMIDIFIER SOLID CONNECTION COMPONENT PLANTLOOP DUAL DUCT CONST VOLUME DUAL DUCT VAV PIPE SINGLE DUCT VAV NOREHEAT SINGLE DUCT VAV REHEAT SPLITTER ZONE MIXER ZONE SPLITTER SOLAR COLLECTOR FLAT PLATE springgreen springgreen tan wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat wheat yellow 151 COEFFCONV COEFFCHECK COEFFCONV CoeffConv CoeffCheck These two programs are stored in the PreProcess folder of your EnergyPlus installation under a folder CoeffConv CoeffConv CoeffConv is a program to convert DOE 2 temperature dependent curves in Fahrenheit to EnergyPlus curves in Centigrade The program converts the Doe 2 coefficients of a biquadratic curve to the equivalent EPlus biquadratic curve coefficients Input is from file CoeffConvInput txt status OLD There are 6 lines of ascii input For example VarSpeedCoolCapFt 0 29382 0 0222213 0 00006988 0 0040928 0 00000226 0 00013774 os 551455 67 0 95 0 5 0 The 1st line is the user selected name of the curve The 2nd line contains
175. n Climate Classification Major Groups 27 Tropical Moist Climates A 27 epu ER etu esiti cu cee 28 Moist Subtropical Mid Latitude Climates 28 Moist Continental Mid latitude Climates 28 Polar Ghmiates E do aae eet dese 28 Highlands Areas csc cassiccsetess eacdetenechciaaietenesdssuadanensedeiendenaseeienetinte 28 Figure 5 World viewed as K ppen Climate Zones 29 Figure 6 Monthly Dry Bulb Temperatures in K ppen Climates Northern Hemisphere 30 Figure 7 Monthly Dew Point in K ppen Climates Northern Hemisphere 30 ASHRAE Climate ClassitlGatiOhi cde d repete pep ei pdt 31 EnergyPlus Weather File EPW Data Dictionary 31 Table 8 Weather File Date Field 31 Data Field Descriptions eere t RE MERE BER EXER EN 37 Table 9 Present Weather Observation Values 40 Table 10 Weather Codes Field 40 CON encuentre neta deh 43 Location Header Data CSV 1 irr tee eode e 43 Design Conditions Header Data CSV
176. n edge This field specifies the distance from the slab to the edge of the area that will be modeled with the grid system It is the basic size dimension that is used to set both the horizontal and vertical extent of the domain The units are meters and 15 meters is a reasonable value The EquivAutoGrid object is shown below N1 field SLABDEPTH Thickness of note typical value 0 1 units m note typical value 15 0 units m EquivAutoGrid memo EquivAutoGrid only necessary when EquivSizing is true memo EnergyPlus users normally use this option slab on grade N2 field CLEARANCE Distance from edge of slab to domain edge Average Slab Outside Temp With Different Slab thicknesses MJ un 20 H un un E q d y 3 T 3 u U un 5 n eee average O 1m Iaverage 0 25m Iaverage 0 15m Figure 10 Illustration of Slab Thickness vs Outside Temperature Additional Objects There are five additional objects in the IDD and IDF that can be used under very special situations by researchers who want to generate special calculation grids They are normally not useful to EnergyPlus users They will be shown as IDD sections only They do not need to be in the IDF memo Not normally needed by N1 field SLABX X dimension of t note typical values 0 60 0 Nunits m N2 field SLABY Y dimension
177. ndCoilAvailSched 1 ZONE ONE FURNACE HEATCOOL UNITARY HEATONLY or UNITARY HEATCOOL Cycling ZONE ONE GAS NO 0 00944 m3 s person 20cfm person Air handling system name System Availability Schedule Number of zones Name of Zone 1 System type FURNACE HEATONLY Fan Operating Mode Cycling or Controlling zone or thermostat Outside air system YES or NO FURNACE HEATCOOL Continuous location Heating coil type Gas or Electric YES defaults to DX Air Loop See comments in DXAirLoop macro definition for variable definitions setl AirSysName setl NumberOfZones setl ZonelName setl Zone2Name setl Zone3Name setl SysSuppAirFlow setl AvailSched Furnace SYS 1 3 RESISTIVE ZONE Air handling system name Number of zones Name of Zone 1 EAST ZONE Name of Zone 2 NORTH ZONE Name of Zone 3 1 3 System supply air flow rate m3 s FanAndCoilAvailSched System Availability Schedule Furnace Parameters for FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL setl SystemType setl FanMode setl HeatingCapacity setl MaxSupplyTemp setl ControlZoneName setl ControlZoneFrac setl HeatingCoilType setl GasBurnerEffic setl GasBurnerElec setl PLF FPLR Curve setl CoolingCapacity setl RatedSHR setl RatedCOP setl DX Cap FT Curve temperature setl DX Cap FF Curve flow fraction setl DX EIR FT Curve temperature setl DX EIR FF Curve flow
178. ne 1 IWEC WMO 947670 South west Pacific Original Source Data c 2001 American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE Inc Atlanta GA USA www ashrae org All rights reserved as noted in the License Agreement and Additional Conditions DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTIES The data is provided as is without warranty of any kind either expressed or implied The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the data is with you In no event will ASHRAE or its contractors be liable to you for any damages including without limitation any lost profits lost savings or other incidental or consequential damages arising out of the use or inability to use this data Comment 2 Header Data CSV Comment Line 2 Ground temps produced with a standard soil diffusivity of 2 3225760E 03 m 2 day Data Period Header Data CSV Number of Data Periods DP Number of Intervals per Hour DP Name Description DP Start Day of Week DP Start Day DP End Day lt repeat to Data Periods 1 1 Data Sunday 1 1 12 31 Data Records CSV The field names for each item are shown First the short names Date HH MM Datasource DryBulb C DewPoint C RelHum Atmos Pressure Pa ExtHorRad Wh m2 ExtDirRad Wh m2 HorIRSky Wh m2 GloHorRad Wh m2 DirNorRad Wh m2 DifHorRad Wh m2 GloHorIllum lux DirNorIllum lux DifHorIllum lux ZenLum Cd m2 WindDir deg WindSpd m s TotSkyCvr
179. nean climates Cs receive rain primarily during winter season from the mid latitude cyclone Extreme summer aridity is caused by the sinking air of the subtropical highs and may exist for up to 5 months Locations in North America are from Portland Oregon to all of California Moist Continental Mid latitude Climates D Moist continental mid latitude climates have warm to cool summers and cold winters The location of these climates is pole ward of the C climates The warmest month is greater than 10 C while the coldest month is less than 30 C Winters are severe with snowstorms strong winds bitter cold from Continental Polar or Arctic air masses Like the C climates there are three minor types Dw dry winters Ds dry summers and Df wet all seasons Polar Climates E Polar climates have year round cold temperatures with warmest month less than 10 C Polar climates are found on the northern coastal areas of North America and Europe Asia and on the landmasses of Greenland and Antarctica Two minor climate types exist ET or polar tundra is a climate where the soil is permanently frozen to depths of hundreds of meters a condition known as permafrost Vegetation is dominated by mosses lichens dwarf trees and scattered woody shrubs EF or polar ice caps has a surface that is permanently covered with snow and ice Highlands Areas H Highland areas can encompass any of the previously mentioned major categories the determi
180. ngular shape is implemented Field HBLDG Building Height This field supplies the building height This is used to calculate the building shadowing on the ground Height is in meters Field TIN1 TIN12 lt month gt Indoor Average temperature set point The next twelve fields specify the average indoor building set point temperatures for each month of the year These fields are useful for simulating a building that is not temperature controlled for some of the year In such a case the average indoor set point temperatures can be obtained by first running the model in EnergyPlus with an insulated floor boundary condition and then using the resulting monthly average zone temperatures in these fields Field TINAmp Daily Indoor sine wave variation amplitude This field permits imposing a daily sinusoidal variation in the indoor setpoint temperature to simulate the effect of a setback profile The value specified will be the amplitude of the sine wave Field ConvTol Convergence Tolerance This final field specifies the convergence tolerance used to control the iteration When the temperature change of all nodes is less than the convergence value iteration ceases The entire BldgProps Oject is shown below BldgProps 1 field IYRS Number of years to iterate note typical value 10 2 field Shape Slab shape note only value 0 3 field HBLDG Building height note typical value 0 20 units m 4 field TIN1 January Indoor
181. ning factor is one of altitude temperature decreases roughly 2 C for every increase of 305 m This is a complex climate zone Highland regions roughly correspond to the major categories change in temperature with latitude with one important exception 28 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM KOPPEN CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION Seasons only exist in highlands if they also exist in the nearby lowland regions For example although A climates have cooler temperatures at higher elevations the seasonal changes of C D and E climates are not present The following shows an overview of the world and its K ppen classifications p Vd dis 59 l4 Figure 5 World viewed as Climate Zones And a more basic view with monthly dry bulb temperature and dew point temperatures for these zones Northern Hemisphere 4 23 05 29 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM KOPPEN CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION Monthly DB Temperatures for 20 Locations Using Koppen Climate Classification System Am 40 BSk 30 20 0 S Feb NES 10 A P 20 Monthly Average Dry Bulb Temperature C 30 40 50 Figure 6 Monthly Dry Bulb Temperatures in Climates Northern Hemisphere Monthly DP Temperatures for 20 Locations Using Koppen Climate Classification System Am
182. non autosize command SysSuppAirFlow System supply air flow rate m3 s at rated flow See the selected furnace or unitary system type for more explanation ControlZoneFrac Fraction of the total or design volume flow that goes through the controlling zone See the selected furnace or unitary system type for more explanation HeatingCapacity Furnace heating capacity W See the selected furnace or unitary system type for more explanation MaxSupplyTemp See the selected furnace or unitary system type for more explanation GasBurnerEffic Gas burner efficiency decimal not percent See COIL Gas Heating for more explanation GasBurnerElec Parasitic electric load associated with the gas coil operation W See COIL Gas Heating for more explanation GasBurnerPilot Parasitic gas load associated with the gas coil s operation W such as a standing pilot light See COIL Gas Heating for more explanation PLF FPLR Curve Part Load Fraction Correlation function of part load ratio Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL Gas Heating for more explanation 110 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 The following parameters are required only if cooling is selected CoolingCapacity Rated Total Cooling Capacity gross W See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation RatedSHR Rated sensible heat ratio See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more ex
183. nspiration exceeds precipitation These climates extend from 20 35 degrees North and South of the equator and in large continental regions of the mid latitudes often surrounded by mountains Minor types of this climate include Bw dry arid desert is a true desert climate It covers 12 of the earth s land surface and is dominated by xerophytic vegetation Bs dry semiarid steppe is a grassland climate that covers 14 of the earth s land surface It receives more precipitation than the Bw either from the inter tropical convergence zone or from mid latitude cyclones Moist Subtropical Mid Latitude Climates C This climate generally has warm and humid summers with mild winters Its extent is from 30 to 50 degrees of latitude mainly on the eastern and western borders of most continents During the winter the main weather feature is the mid latitude cyclone Convective thunderstorms dominate summer months Three minor types exist Cfa humid subtropical Cs mediterranean and Cfb marine The humid subtropical climate Cfa has hot muggy summers and mainly thunderstorms Winters are mild and precipitation during this season comes from mid latitude cyclones A good example of a Cfa climate is the southeastern USA Cfb marine climates are found on the western coasts of continents They have a humid climate with short dry summer Heavy precipitation occurs during the mild winters because of continuous presence of mid latitude cyclones Mediterra
184. nt are particularly applicable to custom format input files Currently they are only used in custom files but may be more generally applicable in future releases Field NumRecordsToSkip This is an integer number of records to skip during processing You might use this if your input file has some information at the top of the file Field MaxNumRecordsToRead This is an integer number of records to read typically 8760 for a full year You might use this if your input file has some information after the data records Fields MissingDataAction MissingWindDirAction MissingOpaqueSkyCoverAction These fields tell the converter program what to do with missing data Missing data can be found in two forms totally not included in the DataElements or a missing value as defined in the EPW format Valid values for these fields are m DEFAULT use the default processing that the weather converter already uses starts off with a specific value and updates if data is found CONSTANT use a constant value to replace all missing data m RANDOM use a random number to generate the missing data Fields MissingWindDirValue MissingOpaqueSkyCover Value The values specified in this field are used with the action fields previously mentioned Def File Examples Here s an example of a file used to enhance a DOE 2 FMT file WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING amp location City Kel
185. ntrol type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation Hot Water Pump Parameter Group HWPmpType Hot water pump type Variable or Constant speed HWPmpHead Hot water pump rated pump head See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation HWPmpPower Hot water pump rated power consumption W See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation 130 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 HWPmpMtrEff Hot water pump motor efficiency See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation HWPmpMtrToFluid Hot water pump fraction of motor inefficiencies to fluid See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation HWPmpPliLdCoeff1 HWPmpPtLdCoeff2 HWPmpPtLdCoeff3 HWPmpPliLdCoeff4 These parameters are the coefficients of the hot water pump part load performance curve See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED for explanation Applicable only HWPmpTypez Variable HWPmpcCtrl Hot water pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation Condenser Water Pump Parameter Group CndPmpType Condenser water pump type Variable or Constant speed CndPmpHead Condenser water pump rated pump head Pa See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation CndPmpPower Condenser water pump rated pow
186. one N4 OutsideDryBulb N2 N3 GroundTemp N5 WindSpeed N6 OutsideDryBulb N2 field User selected Constant Temperature units C type real note This parameter will be overwritten by the values from the schedule A2 below if one is present N3 field Coefficient modifying the user selected constant temperature note This coefficient is used even with a schedule It should normally be 1 0 in that case N4 field Coefficient modifying the external dry bulb temperature Ntype real N5 field Coefficient modifying the ground temperature Ntype real N6 field Coefficient modifying the wind speed term s m Ntype real N7 field Coefficient modifying the zone air temperature part of the equation Ntype real A2 field Name of Schedule for values of const temperature Schedule values replace N2 Ntype alpha A sample idf for this object is shown below 4 23 05 82 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS MULTIPLE GROUND TEMPERATURES OtherSideCoefficients OSCCoef Zn005 Wall003 OSC Name Example input for second ground temperature 0 0000000E 00 OSC SurfFilmCoef 0 000000 5 OSC Temp 1 000000 OSC Temp Coef 0 000000 OSC dry bulb 0 000000 OSC GrndTemp 0 000000 OSC WindSpdCoeff 0 000000 OSC ZoneAirTemp GroundTempSched Name of schedule defining additional ground temperature The OSC object can be repeated for as many outside temperatures as needed A more detailed explanation of how
187. op My Documents 7 1ZoneUncontrolled Z 5ZoneDesignInputCoolingCoil z 1ZoneUncontrolled win SZoneEconomicsTariff s 3zvent 2 SZoneEngChill s SzventAutoCalcOFWindPressureCoeffs s SZoneFPIU s SZonedirCooled s SZoneNightVent1 SZonedirCooledConvCoef 5zZoneNightVent2 5zoneAuto SzoneNightVent3 5 5zoneReturnFan 5zZoneBoilerOutsideAirReset SZoneSupRetPlen 5zoneCostEst 2 5ZoneSupRetPlenvSATU 5zZoneDD 2 5zoneTDY 5ZoneDDCycOnAny SZoneDDCycOnOne Type EP Launch Document Date Modified 2 6 2005 11 07 AM Size 159 KB Kukla mui uw File name pen a nee Files of type Files idf 7 Open as read only Figure 15 Dialog for WinEPDraw File Selection Select one and it will be read in and a DXF file will be produced in the same folder as the original IDF file Then a message box will appear notifying you that the process was successful or that it failed If it failed no DXF file is produced You may process as many IDFs as you like during WinEPDraw execution You may view pre existing DXF files without needing to re create them To exit the program choose File gt Exit menu Note that the WinEPDraw program only processes building and shading surfaces It does not process daylighting reference points though the similar option in the EnergyPlus program Report
188. op served by this supply side loop HWDemandSysName Name of the hot water demand side loop served by this supply side loop PurchChWSched Purchased ChW availability schedule See PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES for more explanation PurchHWSched Purchased HW availability schedule See PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES for more explanation The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command PurchChWCap Purchased ChW capacity W See PURCHASED CHILLED WATER for more explanation PurchHWCap Purchased HW capacity W See PURCHASED HOT WATER for more explanation 4 23 05 117 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS All parameters in the Chilled Water Loop Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Hot Water Loop Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Chilled Water Pump Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Hot Water Pump Parameter Group see below Purchased Heating and Cooling Supply See comments in PurchasedSupply macro definition for variable definitions setl ChWDemandSysName FAN COILS ChW demand side loop served by this supply side loop setl HWDemandSysName FAN COILS HW demand side loop served by this supply side loop setl SupplyPlantName PURCHASED PLANT Name of this supply side loop Ssetl ChWLoopMaxFlow 0 004 Max ChW flow total to all zones m3 s setl ChWLoopMinFlow 0 Min ChW flow
189. ou want to see the commands as they run and know for sure that no errors occurred Description of the Objects in the E SlabGHT IDD 4 23 05 Materials The materials object gives an overall description of the ground heat transfer model Field NMAT Number of Materials This field specifies the number of different materials that will be used in the model Typically only a ground material and a slab material are used Field Albedo Surface Albedo NoSnow Field Albedo Surface Albedo Snow Two fields specify the albedo value of the surface First for no snow coverage days and then for days with snow coverage The albedo is the solar reflectivity of the surface and can vary from 0 05 for blacktop to 0 95 for fresh snow Typical values for North America reported by Bahnfleth range from 0 16 to 0 4 Field EPSLW Surface Emissivity NoSnow Field EPSLW Surface Emissivity Snow This field specifies the long wavelength thermal emissivity of the ground surface It is primarily important for nighttime radiation to the sky and a value of 0 95 for both snow and no snow is reasonable Field 20 Surface Roughness NoSnow Field 20 Surface Roughness Snow These two fields specify a surface roughness that is used in the determination of the convection heat transfer coefficient between the ground surface and the air This roughness is based on boundary layer considerations and specifies the height at which an experimentally measured veloci
190. over tenths of coverage i e 1 is 1 10 covered 10 is total coverage This is not used unless the field for Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity is missing and then it is used along with Total Sky Cover to calculate Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity Field Visibility This is the value for visibility in km It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Ceiling Height This is the value for ceiling height in m It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Present Weather Observation If the value of the field is 0 then the observed weather codes are taken from the following field If the value of the field is 9 then missing weather is assumed Since the primary use 39 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY 4 23 05 of these fields Present Weather Observation and Present Weather Codes is for rain wet surfaces a missing observation field or a missing weather code implies no rain Table 9 Present Weather Observation Values Element Values Definition Observation Indicator 0 or 9 0 Weather observation made 9 Weather observation not made or missing Field Present Weather Codes The present weather codes field is assumed to follow the TMY2 conventions for this field Note that though this field may be represented as numeric e g in the CSV format it is really a text field of 11 single digits This convention along wi
191. p Feb Ave basement temp 20 75 Mar Ave basement temp 20 Apr Ave basement temp 20 May Ave basement temp 2s Jun Ave basement temp 20 Jul Ave basement tem 20 Aug Ave basement temp ZU oy Sep Ave basement temp 20 6 Oct Ave basement temp 20 Nov Ave basement temp 20 4 Dec Ave basement temp 0 05 Daily variation Sine Wave amplitude Using the Interface Surface Temperature Results in EnergyPlus The monthly results from the basement program are used with the OTHERSIDECOEFFICIENTS object in EnergyPlus The idd corresponding to that object is shown below The two applicable fields are N2 and A2 N2 should have the value 1 0 It will be modified by a schedule that is named in A2 and that temperature will be used on the outside of the surface specified as having the OtherSideCoeffcients named in A1 OtherSideCoefficients Al field OtherSideCoeff Name NXrequired field Nreference OSCNames Nreference OutFaceEnvNames N1 field Combined convective radiative film coefficient required field type real note if gt 0 N1 becomes exterior convective radiative film coefficient and other fields note are used to calc outside air temp then exterior surface temp based on outside air note and specified coefficient note if lt 0 then remaining fields calculate the outside surface temperature note following fields are used in the equation S note SurfTemp N7 TempZ
192. p the command mode so that it does not automatically close the window at the end of program termination if you want to see the commands as they run and know for sure that no errors occurred 80 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS IMPORTANT FILES FOR GROUND HEAT TRANSFER WITH BASEMENTS Sample idf File Basement Minneapolis Test Cases SimParameters 0 1 Multiplier for the ADI solution 0 lt lt 1 0 f typically 0 1 0 5 for high k 13 IYRS Maximum number of iterations typically 25 30 MatlProps 6 NMAT Number of materials in this domain UP TO 6 2242 6 2242 6 311 66 1500 0 2000 0 448 5 RHO 1 6 Matl density Fndn wall Floor Slab Ceiling Soil Gravel Wood kg m 3 880 0 880 0 1513 0 840 0 720 0 1630 0 CP 1 6 Specific Heat J kg K 1 402 1 402 0 093 0 5 1 9 0 119 TCON 1 6 Conductivity W m K Insulation 5 0 REXT R Value of any exterior insulation K W m 2 TRUE INSFULL Flag Is the wall fully insulated TRUE FALSE SurfaceProps 16 40 ALBEDO Surface albedo array 16 40 94 86 EPSLN Surface emissivity No Snow Snow 94 86 6 0 0 25 VEGHT Surface roughness NS S cm 6 0 0 25 TRUE PET Flag Potential evapotranspiration on T F 1 Typically is True BldgData 2 DWALL Wall thickness m 2 1 DSLAB Floor slab thickness m 0 1 3 DGRAVXY Width of gravel pit beside footing m 0
193. planation RatedCOP Rated COP See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation DX Cap FT Curve Total cooling capacity modifier curve function of temperature Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation DX Cap FF Curve Total cooling capacity modifier curve function of flow fraction Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation DX EIR FT Curve Energy input ratio modifier curve function of temperature Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation DX EIR FF Curve Energy input ratio modifier curve function of flow fraction Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation DX PLF Curve Part load fraction correlation function of part load ratio Enter a curve object name or DEFAULT to use a default curve See COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation End cooling coil parameters The following parameters are required only if and outside air system is selected MinOAFlow Minimum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation MaxOAFlow Maximum OA Vol Flow Rate m3 s See CONTROLLER OUTSIDE AIR for more explanation 111 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES
194. r a single chiller plant or purchased chilled water plant with or without bypass The following parameters are required for both autosize and non autosize commands ChillerCondType Chiller condenser type WATER COOLED AIR COOLED or EVAP COOLED See CHILLER ELECTRIC or CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation For autosized command if omitted defaults to WATER COOLED ChWLoopName Name of this supply side loop This name is used as a prefix for the supply side object names and node names ChWDemandSysName Name of the chilled water demand side loop served by this supply side loop ChWLoopAvailSch Chiller loop availability schedule See PLANT OPERATION SCHEMES for more explanation ChWLoopTempSch Chilled water setpoint schedule name C If fixed setpoint then set this to None See PLANT LOOP for more explanation For the autosized command if omitted or set to None defaults to constant setpoint of 7 22 C ChillerType Type of chiller object CHILLER ELECTRIC autosized only CHILLER CONST COP non autosized only or PURCHASED CHILLED WATER Uses CHILLER ELECTRIC CHILLER CONST COP or PURCHASED CHILLED WATER respectively ChillerCOP Chiller COP See CHILLER ELECTRIC or CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation For autosized command if omitted defaults to 3 2 ChillerCondType Chiller condenser type WATER COOLED AIR COOLED or EVAP COOLED See CHILLER ELECTRIC or CHILLER CONST COP for more explanation For autosized
195. r more explanation 98 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 ZoneMaxChWFlow Zone maximum chilled water flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneMinChWFlow Zone minimum chilled water flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneChWTolerance Zone tolerance on chilled water control C See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneMaxHWFlow Zone max hot water flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneMinHWFlow Zone min hot water flow rate m3 s See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneHWTolerance Zone tolerance on hot water control C See FAN COIL UNIT 4 PIPE for more explanation ZoneFanEffic Zone fan total efficiency See FAN SIMPLE ConstVolume for more explanation ZoneFanPressure Zone fan pressure rise Pa See FAN SIMPLE ConstVolume for more explanation ZoneFanMtrEffic Zone fan motor efficiency See FAN SIMPLE ConstVolume for more explanation ZoneFanMtrinAir Zone fan motor in air stream fraction See FAN SIMPLE ConstVolume for more explanation ZoneCoolCoilUA Zone cooling coil UA W K See COIL Water SimpleCooling for more explanation ZoneCoolCoilL vRH Zone cooling coil leaving air relative humidity See COIL Water SimpleCooling for more explanation ZoneHeatCoilUA Zone heating coil UA W K See COIL Water SimpleHeating for more explanation 99 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO
196. rest of the inputs for EnergyPlus Background 4 23 05 All building simulation programs employ some means of representing local climatic conditions relative to the building models For example Radiance Ward 1996 needs a description of Sky conditions and illuminance values to calculate solar distribution through a window and within a space Three of the widely used energy simulation programs in the UK and US ESP r ESRU 1999 BLAST UI 1998 and DOE 2 Winkelmann et al 1993 also use weather conditions to simulate the response of a building But even after 30 years of significant development advances in simulation capabilities these programs use the same climate representations as in the past a simple set of hourly temperature humidity wind speed and direction and atmospheric pressure and solar radiation or cloud cover data These data are often typical data derived from hourly observations at a specific location by the national weather service or meteorological office Examples of these typical data include TMY2 NREL 1995 and WYEC2 ASHRAE 1997 in the United States and Canada and TRY CEC 1985 in Europe The TMY2 and WYEC2 typical weather years contain more solar radiation and illumination data than older formats such as TMY NCDC 1983 WYEC ASHRAE 1985 and TRY NCDC 1981 in the U S Crawley 1998 demonstrated that the methods used to select data for the US TMY2 and European TRY data sets better fits the long term climate p
197. rto Rico derived from a 1948 1980 period of record Many of the locations in the TMY data set were subsequently updated by the TMY2 Similar to the TMY2 the TMY are data sets of hourly values of solar radiation and meteorological elements for a 1 year period Their intended use is for computer simulations of solar energy conversion systems and building systems to facilitate performance comparisons of different system types configurations and locations in the United States and its territories Because they represent typical rather than extreme conditions they are not suited for designing systems to meet the worst case conditions occurring at a location The data are available for purchase from the National Climatic Data Center The 42 TMY locations that do not duplicate TMY2 locations are available for download in EnergyPlus weather format TMY also describes a data format California Climate Zones 2 CTZ2 Updated weather data for 16 California climate zones for use to demonstrate compliance with Title 24 with approved building energy simulation programs All 16 CTZ2 weather files are available for download in EnergyPlus weather format The original source data is available from the California Energy Commission These source data files are described using the WYECe2 format Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment SWERA The Solar and Wind Energy Resource Assessment SWERA project funded by the United Nations Environment Program is de
198. s 4 Moderate rain showers 5 Heavy rain showers 6 Light freezing rain 7 Moderate freezing rain 8 Heavy freezing rain 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if 40 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY Column Element Possible Definition Description Values Position in Field Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes Light up to 0 25 cm per hour Moderate 0 28 to 0 76 cm per hour Heavy greater than 0 76 cm per hour 3 Occurrence of 0 1 3 9 0 Light rain squalls Rain Squalls 1 Moderate rain squalls Drizzle or 3 Light drizzle Freezing Drizzle 4 Moderate drizzle 5 Heavy drizzle 6 Light freezing drizzle 7 Moderate freezing drizzle 8 Heavy freezing drizzle 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 Notes When drizzle or freezing drizzle occurs with other weather phenomena Light up to 0 025 cm per hour Moderate 0 025 to 0 051 cm per hour Heavy greater than 0 051 cm per hour When drizzle or freezing drizzle occurs alone Light visibility 1 km or greater Moderate visibility between 0 5 and 1 km Heavy visibility 0 5 km or less 4 Occurrence of 0 9 0 Light snow Snow Snow 1 Moderate snow Pellets or Ice 2 Heavy snow Crystals 3 Light snow pellets 4 Moderate snow pellets 5 Heavy snow pel
199. s all of the lines in an external file into the EnergyPlus input stream starting right after the command line The name of the file that is included is the concatenation of prefixpathname entered using fileprefix and includefilename The lines in the external file will be listed in the resultant IDF file When all the lines in the external file have been read in input reverts back to the original input file at the line following the include command fileprefix prefixpathname specifies a pathname that will be prefixed to the filename given in an include command The fileprefix command allows commonly used include files to be kept in a directory other than the directory in which the current input file resides Example on a PC the combination fileprefix CAEnergyPlus Library include SCHEDULES IDF will include into the EnergyPlus input stream the file whose full name is C EnergyPlus Library SCHEDULES IDF includesilent includefilename This command is identical to include except that the lines in the included file will not be listed in the EP MACRO echo nosilent 138 INPUT MACROS SELECTIVELY ACCEPTING OR SKIPPING LINES OF INPUT Overrides the listing suppression of includesilent Used for debugging purposes only After nosilent all following includesilent commands are treated as include commands Example Assume the following files contain the indicated lines Main
200. s at the ground surface the involve exchanges of latent heat The inclusion of evapotransporation in the calculation has the greatest effect in warm dry climates primarily on the ground surface temperature This field can be used to turn the evapotransporation off and on to check sensitivity to it Field FIXBC is the lower boundary at a fixed temperature This field permits using a fixed temperature at the lower surface of the model instead of a zero heat flux condition This change normally has a very small effect on the results If the flag is set to use a specified temperature the program calculates an undisturbed temperature profile and used the value at the model depth The model depth is set by the program using the domain size from the EquivAutoGrid object below Field TDEEPin The fixed lower level temperature as described in the FIXBC field Field USPHflag Is the ground surface h specified by the user This field flags the use of a user specified heat transfer coefficient on the ground surface This condition is used primarily for testing For normal runs USPHflag is FALSE the program calculates the heat transfer coefficient using the weather conditions Field USERH User specified ground surface heat transfer coeff This field supplies the value of the heat transfer coefficient if USPHflag is TRUE W m The BoundConds object is shown below BoundConds Al field EVTR Is surface evapotranspiration modeled type choic
201. s classification can encompass any of the previous five More details on each of the major categories and sub categories follow Tropical Moist Climates A Tropical moist climates extend northward and southward from the equator to about 15 to 25 degrees of latitude In these climates all months have average temperatures greater than 18 degrees Celsius Annual precipitation is greater than 1500 mm Three minor K ppen climate types exist in the A group and their designation is based on seasonal distribution of rainfall Af or tropical wet is a tropical the climate where precipitation occurs all year long Monthly temperature variations in this climate are less than 3 degrees Celsius Because of intense surface heating and high humidity cumulus and cumulonimbus clouds form early in the afternoons almost every day Daily highs are about 32 degrees Celsius while night time 27 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM KOPPEN CLIMATE CLASSIFICATION 4 23 05 temperatures average 22 degrees Celsius Am is a tropical monsoon climate Annual rainfall is equal to or greater than Af but falls in the 7 to 9 hottest months During the dry season very little rainfall occurs The tropical wet and dry or savanna Aw has an extended dry season during winter Precipitation during the wet season is usually less than 1000 millimeters and only during the summer season Dry Climates B The most obvious climatic feature of these climates is potential evaporation and tra
202. s climates Its categories are based on the annual and monthly averages of temperature and precipitation The K ppen system recognizes six major climatic types each type is designated by a capital letter In addition to the major climate types each category is further sub divided into sub categories based on temperature and precipitation There are only 24 sub categories possible making the general schemes quite easy to comprehend For example the U S states located along the Gulf of Mexico are designated as Cfa The C represents the mild mid latitude category the second letter f stands for the German word feucht or moist and the third letter a indicates that the average temperature of the warmest month is above 22 C Thus Cfa gives us a good indication of the climate of this region a mild mid latitude climate with no dry season and a hot summer The K ppen classification code and some statistics was adapted with permission of Peter Schild from the COMIS weather program code Table 7 K ppen Climate Classification Major Groups K ppen Description Climate Type Tropical Moist Climates all months have average temperatures above 18 degrees Celsius Dry Climates with deficient precipitation during most of the year Moist Mid latitude Climates with Mild Winters Moist Mid Latitude Climates with Cold Winters Polar Climates with extremely cold winters and summers Highland areas Due to mountainous areas thi
203. s desired The following instructions describe the usage of VCompare Each release will also have an Objstats xls file see below that will have formatting and comments from the equivalent objstats csv file that is produced when VCompare is run VCompare Usage The VCompare exe is a utility program to help you transform any files from your previous version of EnergyPlus to the new object definitions for the current EnergyPlus version It needs an old IDD and a new IDD in order to run It can be run interactively just execute Vcompare with a file i e VCompare lt filename gt or it can accept a file name as the input to the first question if you put an 9 in front MyTests in It uses the standard Energy ini file to determine locations and where to leave the objstats csv file Here is an example file that it could use do not use the lt gt as part of the file linel e eplus V1 0 Oenergy idd line2 e eplus energyt t idd line3 diff line4 yes line5 yes line6 2826 TermReheatOA MisMatch2 idf V1 0 Oenergy idd is a specially changed version of the energy idd for EnergyPlus 1 0 0 that will produce minimal problems in the resultant changed files There have been some field name changes and some units changes for example Sometimes in the same field line3 diff you can put diff or full here Diff will give you a resultant file of only different objects in your given input
204. s is indicated by printing 123 instead of 123 in the line number field if the current line is part of a macro command it is indicated by printing 123 macro expansion nesting level i nesting level include nesting level 4 23 05 146 HVAC DIAGRAM INTRODUCTION HVAC Diagram Introduction 4 23 05 The HVAC Diagram program is a simple utility that can be used to generate a svg file based on the bnd file generated by EnergyPlus It is a stored in the primary EnergyPlus PostProcessor folder upon installation It creates a series of diagrams for the layout of the HVAC system components The SVG file can be viewed with a number of internet browser plug ins such as produced by Adobe that can be downloaded at www adobe com svg To get help within the Adobe viewer right click anywhere on the drawing Each diagram should be read from left to right which is the direction of the flow of the fluid through the components The HVAC Diagram program is automatically called when using EP Launch but can also be included in other batch files To view the drawing in EP Launch click on the drawing button You can zoom in on this drawing and with the copy command paste a zoomed in portion as a bitmap in your document Figure 16 HVAC Diagram SVG Drawing Objects that are recognized by the HVAC diagram are shown in Table 24 sorted by Object Name and Table 25 sorted by color
205. s name limit of 60 characters because internal names are appended to the zone names and system names to create unique names for equipment objects and system nodes Schedule names are limited to 60 characters the standard EnergyPlus limit EnergyPlus is initially limited to 50 components per splitter or mixer Due to this limit air handling systems may serve up to 50 zones per primary air loop and chilled hot water loops may serve a maximum of 50 coils each If the system has zonal water coils such as reheat coils or fan coils then a given water loop would be limited to serving up to 50 zones If the air handlers have only central coils one heating coil and one cooling coil per air handler then a given water loop could serve up to 50 air handlers which serve up to 50 zones each for a total limit of 2500 zones These limits can be overridden by editing the IDD file and the HVAC templates master macro file would also need editing It is safest to reassign all required input variables prior to every macro call even if they are assigned the same value as in the previous call Macro variable definitions are not reset after a macro is called so if a variable is not assigned a new value before a later call to the same macro the old value will be used without warning If the same value will be applied to several zones for example it is possible to set a variable once for the first zone and not repeat it for the later zones 94 HVAC SYSTEM
206. s than one hour the format includes a minute field to facilitate the use of sub hourly data The data include basic location identifiers such as location name data source latitude longitude time zone elevation peak design conditions holidays daylight saving period typical and extreme periods ground temperatures period s covered by the data and space for descriptive comments The time step data include dry bulb and dew point temperature relative humidity station pressure solar radiation global extraterrestrial horizontal infrared direct and diffuse illuminance wind direction and speed sky cover and current weather New Weather Format for Simulation Programs 4 23 05 For these reasons we developed a new generalized weather data format for use with two major simulation programs ESP r and EnergyPlus Crawley et al 1999 All the data are in SI units The format is simple text based with comma separated data It is based on the data available within the TMY2 weather format but has been rearranged to facilitate visual inspection of the data The TMY2 data are a strict position specific format filling missing data with nines and zero values with zeroes The new weather data format contains commas to facilitate data reading and analysis with spreadsheet programs By eliminating redundant fill values the size of each file is only slightly larger than the original TMY2 format Details about the TMY2 format can be found in
207. se conditions occurring at alocation The data are available from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory for download or on CD All of the TMY2 data are available for download in EPW format from the EnergyPlus web site 46 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM SOURCE WEATHER DATA FORMATS 4 23 05 TMY3 Format The TMY3 format is very similar to the TMY2 format except WMO stations are used 6 character in the header and 4 digit years have been adopted in the data lines WY EC2 Data Set Format Culminating in the early 1980s ASHRAE published their Weather Year for Energy Calculations WYEC hourly weather files for 51 US and Canadian locations These files were intended to support the then growing interest in computer simulation of energy use in buildings In the late 1980s a major revision was initiated this included the addition of 26 Typical Meteorological Year TMY hourly weather files to the original WYEC data set and a number of improvements The work of revising and improving the WYEC data base was performed by at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL as part of the Solar Radiation Resource Assessment Program SRRAP during the period 1989 through 1993 Richard Perez at the State University of New York at Albany Atmospheric Sciences Research Center provided a substantial contribution to this work The resulting set of 77 revised and corrected hourly weather files are referred to as WYEC Version 2 or WYEC2 dat
208. sistance due to the two dimensional path through the earth but the effect is small In any case uninsulated slab edges are certainly not recommended in cold climates Ground level 5 Horizontal Insulation Vertical Insulation EH 5 Figure 9 Slab in grade illustration Important Files for Ground Heat Transfer with Slabs 4 23 05 The slab program used to calculate the results is included with the EnergyPlus distribution It requires an input file named GHTin idf in input data file format The needed corresponding idd file is SlabGHT idd An EnergyPlus weather file for the location is also needed A batch file RunSlab is placed in the same folder with the program and sample files To use it Command mode or DOS mode one may modify several important lines Instructions Complete the following path and program names path names must have a following or errors will happen set program_path set program_name Slab exe set input_path set output_path set weather_path C EnergyPlus WeatherData and then in command mode issue the run command RunSlab myinput Chicago Where you would have myinput idf in input path and Chicago would be the name of the epw file in the weather path 63 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD You should set up the command mode so that it does not automatically close the window at the end of program termination if y
209. st be generated from cloud cover and other data using sky models and regression formulas Currently neither the Weather Conversion utility nor the EnergyPlus program synthesizes this data 49 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DATA SOURCES UNCERTAINTY Table 12 Summary of Downloadable Weather Data by Type Canada International Total Data Sources Uncertainty 4 23 05 More recent weather data source files have introduced the concept of data sources and uncertainty flags for many of the fields The EnergyPlus weather format faithfully reproduces these fields as appropriate for the input source data types By and large most of the data sources and uncertainties have used the TMY2 established fields and values See following table As noted earlier to enhance readability and reduce obfuscation the EnergyPlus format for the data source and uncertainty flags collates them into one large field Each data element still has its data source and uncertainty it is positionally embodied depending on its place in the EPW data record Table 13 Key to Data Source and Uncertainty Flags Dry Bulb Temperature DataSource A Dew Point Temperature DataSource JAF Relative Humidity DataSource AYE Atmospheric Station Pressure Data Source Atmospheric Station Pressure Data Uncertainty orizontal Infrared Radiation Data Source H Horizontal Infrared Radiation Data Uncertain o9 Global Horizontal Radiation Data Source Global Horizont
210. t CWEC csv Statistical Report File As will be seen in comparison with a statistical report shown following the audit file may contain some details about the data that the statistical report does not such as the data years for the weather data Some basic statistics are shown first 4 23 05 19 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM REPORTS FILES PRODUCED BY THE WEATHER CONVERTER Statistics for AUS Sydney IWEC V1 Location SYDNEY AUS S 33 57 E 151 10 GMT 10 0 Hours Elevation 3m above sea level Standard Pressure at Elevation 101289Pa Data Source IWEC Data WMO Station 947670 Using Design Conditions from World Climate Design Data 2001 ASHRAE Handbook If the design condition source is ASHRAE the design conditions are carefully generated from a period of record typically 30 years to be representative of that location and be suitable for use in heating cooling load calculations If the source is not ASHRAE please consult the referenced source for the reasoning behind the data Design Stat HDB 99 6 HDB 99 X WS 1 X WS 2 5 X WS 5 CM WS 4 CM MDB 4 CM WS 1 CM MDB 1 MWS 99 6 PWD 99 6 MWS 4 PWD 4 X Max X MnDB Min X StdDB Max StdDB Min Units TC C m s m s m s m s C m s m s Degree m s Degree C C C C HEATING 5 8 6 8 9 9 8 8 TP 14 2 9 1 13 4 Tari 320 543 300 39 3 3 1 2 9 1 9 Design Stat 4 C MWB 4 CDB 1
211. t to None See DUAL SETPOINT WITH DEADBAND for more explanation Zone Thermostat Parameters used by ZoneThermostat setl ZoneName setl ZoneCtrlSched setl SnglHeatSPSched setl SnglCoolSPSched RESISTIVE ZONE Zone name Zone Control Type Sched Zone Control Type Schedule Heating Setpoints Single Heating Setpoint Schedule Cooling Setpoints Single Cooling Setpoint Schedule 1 setl SnglHtClSPSched None Single Heating Cooling Setpoint Schedule setl DualSPHeatSched None Dual Setpoint Heating Setpoint Schedule setl DualSPCoolSched None Dual Setpoint Cooling Setpoint Schedule ZoneThermostat Objects generated 4 23 05 ZONE CONTROL THERMOSTATIC SINGLE HEATING SETPOINT SINGLE COOLING SETPOINT SINGLE HEATING COOLING SETPOINT DUAL SETPOINT WITH DEADBAND PurchAirZone Autosize and PurchAirZone Describes the zone equipment for one purchased air zone The following parameters are required for both commands ZoneName The name of the zone to be served by this purchased air unit The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command HeatSuppAirTemp The heating supply air temperature in C See PURCHASED AIR for more explanation CoolSuppAirTemp The cooling supply air temperature in C See PURCHASED AIR for more explanation 97 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS HeatSuppAirHR The heating supply air humidity ratio in kg H
212. th values for each column left to right is presented in Table 10 Note that some formats e g TMY does not follow this convention as much as possible the present weather codes are converted to this convention during WeatherConverter processing Also note that the most important fields are those representing liquid precipation where the surfaces of the building would be wet EnergyPlus uses Snow Depth to determine if snow is on the ground Table 10 Weather Codes Field Interpretation Column Element Possible Definition Description Values Position in Field 1 Occurrence of 0 2 4 6 0 Thunderstorm lightning and thunder Thunderstorm 9 Wind gusts less than 25 7 m s and hail if any Tornado or less than 1 9 cm diameter Squall 1 Heavy or severe thunderstorm frequent intense lightning and thunder Wind gusts greater than 25 7 m s and hail if any 1 9 cm or greater diameter 2 Report of tornado or waterspout 4 Moderate squall sudden increase of wind speed by at least 8 2 m s reaching 11 3 m s or more and lasting for at least 1 minute 6 Water spout beginning January 1984 7 Funnel cloud beginning January 1984 8 Tornado beginning January 1984 9 None if Observation Indicator element equals 0 or else unknown or missing if Observation Indicator element equals 9 2 Occurrence of 0 9 0 Light rain Rain Rain 1 Moderate rain Showers or 2 Heavy rain Freezing Rain 3 Light rain shower
213. that is applied to the Source Data field in the Location Header Up to 60 characters is allowed Expected Formats for amp wthdata Field InputFileType You can always use this field and def file to override the default input format type that depends on the extension of your file see Table 2 Input File Extensions with implied Data types A complete set of valid values for Input File types is shown in the following table Data Files are described more fully in the section Source Weather Data Formats that occurs later in this document WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM DEFINITIONS FILE amp CUSTOM FILE PROCESSING Table 5 Input File Type Values File Type Description ESP r Formatted CLM data file TMY3 SWERA Data File Custom or User Field NuminHour This field can be used to specify multi interval per hour files Without this field the only formats that can have multiple intervals per hour are the EPW and CSV file formats using the header record DataPeriods value for that field Fields below only used in Custom format processing Field DataElements The specifications for these fields must come from a standardized list of names See Since these names cannot have embedded spaces or the namelist read fails underscores are used in the long names for readability Ignore can be used to skip a field that is not applicable to the weather converter formats Table 6 Data Elem
214. the 6 biquadratic curve coefficients comma separated These are the Doe 2 coefficients The 3rd line contains the min and max values of the 1st independent variable comma separated deg F The 4th line contains the min and max values of the 2nd independent variable comma separated deg F The 5th line contains the rated values of the 1st amp 2nd independent variables comma separated deg F The 6th line contains the delta T for the output performance maps All the input lines should start in column 1 The above sequence can be repeated up to 100 times The output file is CoeffConvOutput txt status NEW that means you need to delete any existing CoeffConvOutput txt The output file will contain the EnergyPlus idf input for the curve as well as any error messages Also the Doe 2 and EnergyPlus curve values at the rating point where the value should be 1 0 and performance maps for the curves both Doe 2 and EnergyPlus There is an example input file and an example output file installed with the program CoeffCheck CoeffCheck is a program to print out a performance map given a bi quadratic performance curve Input is from file CoeffChecklnput txt status OLD There are 6 lines of ascii input For example VarSpeedCoolCapFt 4 23 05 152 COEFFCONV COEFFCHECK COEFFCHECK 4 23 05 0 476428E 00 0 401147E 01 0 226411E 03 0 827136E 03 0 732240E 05 0 446278E 03 12 777778 23 888889 23 88
215. the TMY2 User s manual see references at the end of this section The traditional distribution of data source and uncertainty flags within the raw data fields carries with it not only the need for many field separators it obfuscates the relationships between non numerical data In a set of minute data which could easily require hundreds of thousands of records the space penalty is considerable In the E E file format all data source and uncertainty fields have been clumped together as a single field immediately following the day and time stamp For applications where uncertainty is not an issue such data can be easily ignored When it is important a single text field is conceptually and computationally easy to parse Another difference between the EnergyPlus ESP r E E format and TMY2 is the addition of two new data fields minute and infrared sky The minute field facilitates use of data observed at intervals of less than one hour such as measured data from a research study of energy efficiency for a particular building This will allow easier and more accurate calibration of a simulation model to measured data than possible in the past The infrared sky field allows the programs to calculate the effective sky temperature for re radiation during nighttime The last difference is that a full year of data such as 8760 hours is not required subsets of years are acceptable Which periods are covered by the data is described in the files P
216. the outside of the basement wall or the floor slab This is the plane between the outside insulation and the basement wall The insulation thermal resistance can range from zero no insulation to any reasonable value The units are K W m The program will simulate two conditions full insulation from grade to the footing or half insulation that extends halfway down from grade to footing The temperature on this plane is used with the OTHERSIDECOEFFICIENTS object in EnergyPlus to supply the outside face temperature of the walls or slab 4 23 05 73 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH BASEMENTS Outside Face Temperature Plane Outside Insulation Either Full or Half Figure 11 Basement Configuration The output from the program is a csv file as shown below 4 23 05 74 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING GROUND TEMPERATURES WITH BASEMENTS B D E G H J K E M N F MonthlyFl Monthly MonthlyU MonthlyL MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT MonthlyT oorHeatFl allHeatFlu pperWallF owerWall ZoneTem SurfWall SWallln C SurfFloor SFloorin SurfWVallU SurfWallU SurfWallL ux W m x W m 2 lux W m Flux VV m Month p C C pper C pperin C ower C owern C 2 2 2 20 17 05 18 65 18 07 18 66 16 52 18 41 17 58 18 89 8 24 11 2 13 21 9 2 18 21 19 18 19 26 19 48 17 87 19 02 18 55 19 34 3 17 6 79 8 09 5 49 18 47 19 3 19 42 19 59 18 21 19 18 18 74 19 4
217. there are problems with the two IDDs being compared This file will show up in the program directory from the Energy ini directions Should not happen lt filename gt difnew Results for each lt filename gt entered This will be a full IDF file if full is entered or only those objects that are different when diff is entered lt filename gt Vcperr Errors if any on the lt filename gt idf or conversion 4 23 05 90 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES TEMPLATE STRUCTURE AND USAGE HVAC System Templates HVAC system templates provide a shorthand way of describing selected standard HVAC system configurations Available templates include m Zone Thermostat m Purchased Air m Four Pipe Fan Coil m VAV Single Duct with Reheat m Packaged Furnace with DX Air Conditioner m Purchased Hot Water and Chilled Water Supply Loop m Single Boiler Supply Loop m Single Chiller Supply Loop m Multiple equipment supply loop boilers or chillers m Multiple equipment condenser loop Template Structure and Usage 4 23 05 Overall Template Structure The templates utilize input macros see the Input Output Reference Appendix C to provide a short hand way to describe a standard HVAC system configuration Note that the EnergyPlus input file will be an imf file rather than an idf file because it will contain input macro commands See Appendix C for more details about input macros For example the EnergyPlus objects required to descr
218. to None CndLoopSetPoint Condenser water setpoint C if schedule None For a fixed setpoint the template will generate an automatic set point schedule with this value For autosized command if omitted defaults to 21C CndPmpType Condenser water pump type VARIABLE or CONSTANT speed For autosized command if omitted defaults to VARIABLE CndPmpCtrl Condenser water pump control type INTERMITTENT or CONTINUOUS See PUMP VARIABLE SPEED or PUMP CONSTANT SPEED for more explanation For autosized command if omitted defaults to INTERMITTENT The following parameters are required only for the non autosize command 125 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS All parameters in the Condenser Water Loop Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Condenser Water Pump Parameter Group see below All parameters in the Cooling Tower Parameter Group see below Condenser Loop for Single Chiller Plant Autosized setl ChWLoopName name setl CndLoopAvailSch setl CndLoopTempCntrl setl CndLoopSetPoint 21C setl CndLoopTempSch setl CondenserType setl CndPmpType setl CndPmpCtrl Chiller Plant Supply side plant name must match chiller plant PlantOnSched Condenser availability schedule AIR Loop Temperature Setpoint control type SCHEDULED FIXED AIR or GROUND optional defaults to AIR 21 Condenser loop fixed setpoint temperature C optional def
219. to merge a new HVAC system into the main input file Using the Templates Directly in the Input File Some users will user the templates in their main input file which must then be an imf file Advantages are that changes can be made to the HVAC description without repeating the steps above to merge a new set of HVAC objects with the building description Disadvantages are that the input is less clear and the IDF Editor cannot be used to edit the input file Autosized vs Fully Specified Template Commands There are two sets of HVAC template commands e HVACTemplates imf contains fully specified template commands The commands require that the user set all equipment size performance and control specifications e HVACTemplates Autosize imf contains simplified template commands which autosize all equipment and use default performance and control specifications wherever possible The commands require the minimum possible user inputs to define an HVAC system All macro commands names in this file end with Autosize Since most users will likely use only one set in a given simulation the commands have been separated into two files in order to reduce the EP macro processing time The user must include the applicable template command file see below in order to make the desired set of commands available It is possible to use both in the same input file if desired Template Commands 4 23 05 BasicCommands The following macro languag
220. to use this object is contained in the next section Multiple Ground Temperatures These three objects show how the OtherSideCoefficients object can be used to provide extra ground temperatures for surfaces exposed to different ground temperatures Here is the surface description Note that the OutsideFaceEnvironment is specified as OtherSideCoeff Surface HeatTransfer OSCTest South Wall User Supplied Surface Name Wall Surface Type Exterior Construction Name of the Surface OSCTest InsideFaceEnvironment ExteriorEnvironment oscTest South Wall OtherSideCoeff OutsideFaceEnvironment ExampleOSC OutsideFaceEnvironment Object NoSun Sun Exposure NoWind Wind Exposure 0 5 View Factor to Ground 4 Number of Surface Vertex Groups Number of X Y Z groups in this surface 0 Vertex 1 X coordinate m 0 Vertex 1 Y coordinate m 0 Vertex 1 Z coordinate m 6 096 Vertex 2 X coordinate 0 Vertex 2 Y coordinate m 0 Vertex 2 Z coordinate m 6 096 Vertex 3 X coordinate 0 Vertex 3 Y coordinate m 4 572 Vertex 3 Z coordinate 0 Vertex 4 X coordinate m 0 Vertex 4 Y coordinate m 4 572 Vertex 4 Z coordinate The OtherSideCoefficients object has to supply the basic form of the environment Note that the name corresponds to thee name in the Surface object This object also supplies the name of a schedule th
221. total to all zones m3 s Ssetl ChWLoopTempSch None Chilled water setpoint schedule C setl ChWLoopSetPoint 6 67 Chilled water setpoint C if schedule None Ssetl ChWLoopMaxTemp 50 Max ChW temperature C setl ChWLoopMinTemp 1 Min ChW temperature setl ChWLoopVolume autosize ChW loop volume m3 setl HWLoopMaxFlow 0 002 Max HW flow total to all zones m3 s Ssetl HWLoopMinFlow 0 Min HW flow total to all zones m3 s setl HWLoopTempSch None Hot water setpoint schedule C setl HWLoopSetPoint 60 Hot water setpoint C if schedule None setl HWLoopMaxTemp 100 Max HW temperature C setl HWLoopMinTemp 10 Min HW temperature C setl HWLoopVolume autosize HW loop volume m3 setl PurchChWCap 1000000 Purchased ChW capacity W setl PurchChWSched ON Purchased ChW availability schedule setl PurchHWCap 1000000 Purchased HW capacity W setl PurchHWSched ON Purchased HW availability schedule setl ChWPmpType Variable ChW Pump Type Variable or Constant setl ChWPmpHead 300000 ChW Pump Rated Pump Head Pa setl ChWPmpPower 1800 ChW Pump Rated Power Consumption W setl ChWPmpMtrEff 0 87 ChW Pump Motor Efficiency setl ChWPmpMtrToFluid 0 0 ChW Pump Frac Motor Inefficiencies to Fluid setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeffl 1 0 ChW Pump Coefficientl Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoeff2 0 0 ChW Pump Coefficient2 Part Load Perf Curve setl ChWPmpPtLdCoef
222. ts J kg K N14 field Thermal conductivity for foundation wall note typical value 1 4 units W m K N15 field Thermal conductivity for floor slab note typical value 1 4 units W m K N16 field Thermal conductivity for ceiling note typical value 0 09 units W m K N17 field thermal conductivity for soil note typical value 1 1 units W m K N18 field thermal conductivity for gravel note typical value 1 9 units W m K N19 field thermal conductivity for wood note typical value 0 12 units W m K Insulation N1 field REXT R Value of any exterior insulation units K W m 2 K W m 2 Al field INSFULL Flag Is the wall fully insulated note True for full insulation note False for insulation half way down side wall from grade line SurfaceProps N1 field ALBEDO Surface albedo for No snow conditions note typical value 0 16 N2 field ALBEDO Surface albedo for snow conditions note typical value 0 40 N3 field EPSLN Surface emissivity No Snow note typical value 0 94 N4 field EPSLN Surface emissivity with Snow note typical value 0 86 N5 field Surface roughness No snow conditions note typical value 6 0 units cm N6 field VEGHT Surface roughness NS S cm 6 0 0 25 note typical value 0 25 Nunits cm Al field PET Flag Potential evapotranspiration on T F note Typically PET is True 4 23 05 76 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS USING GROUND TEMP
223. ttee 4 2 Weather Information The IWEC data files are typical weather files suitable for use with building energy simulation programs for 227 locations outside the USA and Canada The files are derived from up to 18 years of DATSAV3 hourly weather data originally archived at the U S National Climatic Data Center The weather data is supplemented by solar radiation estimated on an hourly basis from earth sun geometry and hourly weather elements particularly cloud amount information The IWEC CD ROM is available from ASHRAE The Department of Energy has licensed the IWEC data from ASHRAE Our license with ASHRAE allows us to Distribute versions of the individual IWEC files in converted format suitable for EnergyPlus EPW Make the EnergyPlus versions of the IWEC files available to users at no cost via this EnergyPlus web site All 227 locations in the IWEC data set are available for download in EnergyPlus weather format 47 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM SOURCE WEATHER DATA FORMATS 4 23 05 The IWEC source data is 2001 American Society of Heating Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers ASHRAE Inc Atlanta GA USA http www ashrae org All rights reserved as noted in the License Agreement and Additional Conditions IWEC also describes a data format very similar to the TMY2 data format Typical Meteorological Year TMY Data for 230 locations in the USA plus four locations in Cuba Marshall Islands Palau and Pue
224. ture in C Note that this is a full numeric field i e 23 6 and not an integer representation with tenths Valid values range from 70 C to 70 C Field Relative Humidity This is the Relative Humidity in percent Valid values range from 0 to 110 Field Atmospheric Station Pressure This is the station pressure in Pa Valid values range from 31 000 to 120 000 These values were chosen from the standard barometric pressure for all elevations of the World Field Extraterrestrial Horizontal Radiation This is the Extraterrestrial Horizontal Radiation in Wh m2 is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Extraterrestrial Direct Normal Radiation This is the Extraterrestrial Direct Normal Radiation in Wh m2 It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity This is the Horizontal Infrared Radiation Intensity in Wh m2 If it is missing it is calculated from the Total and Opaque Sky Cover fields Field Global Horizontal Radiation This is the Global Horizontal Radiation in Wh m2 It is not currently used in EnergyPlus calculations Field Direct Normal Radiation This is the Direct Normal Radiation in Wh m2 If the field is missing gt 9999 or invalid lt 0 it is set to 0 Counts of such missing values are totaled and presented at the end of the runperiod 38 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM ENERGYPLUS WEATHER FILE EPW DATA DICTIONARY 4 23
225. two commands are identical HWDemandSysName Demand side system name This name is used to link supply side loops to these demand side loops This name is used as a prefix for the demand side object names and node names NumberOfHWCoils Number of hot water coils served by these demand side loops Up to 50 coils may be served by one loop HWCoil1Name HWCoil2Name HWCoilb oName Names of hot water coil 1 coil 2 coil 50 4 23 05 116 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS Hot Water Demand Side setl HWDemandSysName setl NumberOfHWCoils setl HWCoillName setl HWCoil2Name setl HWCoil3Name Hot water demand side system name Number of hot water coils on loop Name of Zone or Air Loop for HW Coil 1 Name of Zone or Air Loop for HW Coil 2 Name of Zone or Air Loop for HW Coil 3 Hot Water Loop 1 3 RESISTIVE ZONE EAST ZONE NORTH ZONE HotWaterDemand Objects generated BRANCH LIST CONNECTOR LIST SPLITTER MIXER PIPE PurchasedSupplyWithBypass Autosize Not implemented yet and PurchasedSupplyWithB ypass Describes the supply side equipment and branches for a purchased hot water and chilled water plant with bypass branches The following parameters are required for both commands SupplyPlantName Name of this supply side loop This name is used as a prefix for the supply side object names and node names ChWDemandSysName Name of the chilled water demand side lo
226. ty profile goes to zero The units are centimeters not meters Typical values are 0 75 cm for no snow and 0 05 cm for snow Field HIN Indoor Hconv Downward Flow Field HIN Indoor Hconv Upward Flow These fields specify the combined convective and radiative heat transfer coefficient between the slab top inside surface and the room air for the cases where heat is flowing downward and upward The program toggles between the two if the direction of the heat flux changes Typical values can be found in the ASHRAE Handbook of Fundamentals but should be about 6 W m 2 K for downward heat flow and 9 W m 2 K for upward heat flow The Materials object in the IDD is shown below Materials N1 field NMAT Number of materials note typical 2 N2 field ALBEDO Surface Albedo No Snow note typical value 0 1 N3 field ALBEDO Surface Albedo Snow note typical value 0 1 N4 field EPSLW Surface Emissivity No Snow note typical value 0 9 64 GROUND HEAT TRANSFER IN ENERGYPLUS DESCRIPTION OF THE OBJECTS IN THE E SLABGHT IDD 4 23 05 5 field EPSLW Surface Emissivity Snow note typical value 0 9 6 Nfield Z0 Surface Roughness No Snow note typical value 0 10 cm 7 field Z0 Surface Roughness Snow note typical value 0 10 8 field HIN Indoor HConv Downward Flow note typical value 4 10 units W m2 K 9 field HIN Indoor HConv Upward note typical value 4 10 units W m2 K
227. us Option 1 Core and Perimeter Temperatures The EnergyPlus OtherSideCoefficients object can be used to provide two sets of twelve monthly average ground temperature values In this way both the perimeter and the core values from the Slab program can be used in the succeeding EnergyPlus run This method assumes that the floor slab will be described using at least two different heat transfer surfaces The use of OtherSideCoefficients to provide additional ground contact surfaces is described in detail in the Multiple Ground Temperatures section below Option 2 Average Temperatures Use the monthly average temperatures produced by the Slab program in the EnergyPlus GroundTemperatures object This will provide an average ground temperature at the outside face of any heat transfer surface whose OutsideFaceEnvironment field is set to ground The program has been modified so that the inside temperature can be more complex than a year long average t is now possible to input twelve separate monthly average inside temperatures In addition it is possible to add a hourly sinusoidal variation of the inside temperature with a 24 hour period sine function This was included to show the effect of something such as night setback on the face temperature Generally the effect is quite small First the results for a monthly specified constant average inside temperature The location is Minneapolis and the slab is insulated Monthly Slab
228. used as a prefix for the air handling system object names and node names NumberOfZones Number of zones serve by this air loop Up to 50 zones may be served by one loop Zone1Name Zone2Name Zone50Name Names of zone 1 zone 2 zone 50 AvailSched Availability schedule for this air loop See AIR PRIMARY LOOP for more explanation SystemType Type of unitary system FURNACE HEATONLY FURNACE HEATCOOL UNITARY HEATONLY or UNITARY HEATCOOL See FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATONLY FURNACE BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL UNITARYSYSTEM BLOWTHRU HEATONLY or UNITARYSYSTEM BLOWTHRU HEATCOOL respectively for more explanation 109 HVAC SYSTEM TEMPLATES SYSTEM MACRO COMMANDS 4 23 05 FanMode Supply fan mode CONTINUOUS or CYCLING Used to set both the furnace or unitary system Operating Mode field and the DX coil Supply Air Fan Operation Mode field See the selected furnace or unitary system type and COIL DX CoolingBypassFactorEmpirical for more explanation ControlZoneName The zone name of the controlling zone or thermostat location for the furnace or unitary system See the selected furnace or unitary system type for more explanation HeatingCoilType The type of heating coil GAS or ELECTRIC Selects the COIL GAS HEATING or COIL ELECTRIC HEATING type respectively OASys Outside air system flag YES or NO If YES then an outside air mixing box and controller will be included The following parameters are required only for the
229. ution For ground contact surfaces in EnergyPlus it is important to specify appropriate ground temperatures Do not use the undisturbed ground temperatures from the weather data These values are too extreme for the soil under a conditioned building For best results use the Slab or Basement program described in this section to calculate custom monthly average ground temperatures This is especially important for residential applications and very small buildings If one of these ground temperature preprocessors is not used for typical commercial buildings in the USA a reasonable default value is 2C less than the average indoor space temperature Introduction 4 23 05 There are two difficulties behind linking ground heat transfer calculations to EnergyPlus One is the fact that the conduction calculations in EnergyPlus and in DOE 2 and BLAST before it are one dimensional and the ground heat transfer calculations are two or three dimensional This causes severe modeling problems irrespective of the methods being used for the ground heat transfer calculation The other difficulty is the markedly different time scales involved in the processes Basically the zone model is on an hour scale and the ground heat transfer is on a monthly time scale The basic heat balance based zone model of EnergyPlus has to be considered as the foundation for building energy simulation at the present time and for some time in the future Thus it is necessary to be
230. utosize and BoilerSupply1WithBypass 119 ChillerSupply1 Autosize Not implemented yet and ChillerSupply1 122 ChillerSupply1 WithBypass Autosize and ChillerSupply1WithBypass 122 Condenser1 Autosize Not implemented yet and 125 Condenser1WithBypass Autosize 125 Chilled Water Loop Parameter 128 Hot Water Loop Parameter Group 128 Condenser Water Loop Parameter Group 129 Chilled Water Pump Parameter Group 130 Hot Water Pump Parameter 130 Condenser Water Pump Parameter 131 Boiler Parameter Group eese 132 Chiller Parameter Group n eee as 133 Cooling Tower Parameter Group 133 M rilsl DEW ced dacs se Stack ca Ne ce Nae aa Nao died adii due 135 IntroductiOn tHE 135 Figure 14 WinEPDraw Main Screen sse 135 File Menu eec C EE 135 4 23 05 VII TABLE OF CONTENTS OPTIONS MENU ier Lade obsessi denitro tende ae esd 136 View 136
231. veloping high quality information on solar and wind energy resources in 13 developing countries Currently typical year hourly data are available for 48 locations in Belize Cuba El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Maldives Nicaragua and Sri Lanka The data are available from the SWERA project web site SWERA plans to release new data for Brazil Ethiopia Ghana Kenya and Nepal over the coming few months These source data files are described using the TMY3 format Spanish Weather for Energy Calculations SWEC Originally developed for use with Calener a new program for building energy labelling in Spain these weather files cover all 52 Spanish provincial capitals Calener was developed by the Grupo de Termotecnia of the Escuela Superior de Ingeneiros in Seville for the Spanish Government The weather files were synthetically generated using Climed Portuguese software developed by Ricardo Aguiar from mean monthly data coming from the Spanish Meteorological National Institute These weather files were converted from the DOE 2 binary to EnergyPlus format and include constant wind speeds of 6 7 m s For more information on these weather files contact Profesor Luis P rez Lombard Ipl tmt us es Escuela Superior de Ingenieros 48 WEATHER CONVERTER PROGRAM SOURCE WEATHER DATA FORMATS 4 23 05 Italian Climatic data collection Gianni De Giorgio IGDG Developed for use in simulating renewable energy technologies this set of 66 weather
232. y The total solar energy absorbed by a horizontal surface is 1 albedo Total solar Fields N3 and N4 These fields specify the long wavelength or thermal radiation emissivity for the ground surface under no snow and snow conditions Fields N5 and N6 These fields specify the surface roughness or vegetation height that is used in determining the convective heat transfer coefficient on the surface Both no snow and snow conditions are required Field A1 This field is a flag that invokes the evapotranspiration calculation at the surface This covers all forms of latent heat transfer from the surface It normally should be included BldgData Object This object specifies the major configuration parameters for the basement The 3 D grid used in the simulation has the capability of including a gravel fill around the basement Thus several dimensions must be specified All units are in meters Field N1 This specifies the basement wall thickness Field N2 This specifies the thickness of the floor slab Field N3 This specifies the width of the gravel fill bed beside the basement wall Field N4 This specifies the depth of the gravel fill above the floor slab Field N5 This specifies the depth of the gravel fill below the floor slab Interior Object This object provides the information needed to simulate the boundary conditions inside the basement Field A1 This flag indicates that the basement temperature is controlled For EnergyPlus

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