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Sunny Island 4248U

1. rs Saving Charge iret cid E sarge BatVoltage lt VchargeFloat 0 16 V cell Operation oost Charge n rougnpu i e V Vcharge Boost AND Silent active for more than 3 min A Provides Silent value for id ee Sa BatCharge i Grid Equaliziation Charge ed 5 8 Full Charge Volt allure present V VchargeEqual 9 8 V VchargeFull sa S v Floating Charge gt Vehargefgua V VchargeFloat lt gt VchargeFull N ormal for TabsorbEqual for TabsorEFull Operation failure TcycleEqual days or 16 charge throughputs Inve rt Figure 1 25 Battery Management System State Transitions in Off Grid Mode Each charging operation Boost charge Full charge Equalizing charge and Floating Charge can also be activated manually For customer convenience all transitions are done automatically and cycle times are adjustable TcycleFull TcycleEqual The number of charge throughputs of Amp hours of nominal battery capacity C20 passed through the battery are fixed and not adjustable Charge throughputs are only calculated from energy passing through the Sunny Island 4248U Other DC coupled sources or loads are not taken into account by the Sunny Island 4248U On rare occasions it is possible to meet the requirements of two charge operations causing the order of the processes to be Boost Full and then Equalization for that charge cycle Each charge operation
2. Sunny Island 4248U Battery Inverter Charger for Stand Alone and Back up Applications 5142480 Installation Guide 5142480 Installation Guide Copyright 2004 SMA America Inc All rights reserved All rights reserved No part of this document may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic mechanical photographic magnetic or otherwise without the prior written permission of SMA America Inc SMA America makes no representations express or implied with respect to this documentation or any of the equipment and or software it may describe including with no limitation any implied warranties of utility merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose All such warranties are expressly disclaimed Neither SMA America nor its distributors or dealers shall be liable for any indirect incidental or consequential damages under any circumstances The exclusion of implied warranties may not apply in all cases under some statutes and thus the above exclusion may not apply Specifications are subject to change without notice Every attempt has been made to make this document complete accurate and up to date Readers are cautioned however that SMA America reserves the right to make changes without notice and shall not be responsible for any damages including indirect incidental or consequential damages caused by reliance on the material presented including but
3. 1 User Interface Functionality 72 Changing Parameters 73 How Information is Displayed 73 OME See eru sca a adonde ade bl ere 74 Sunny Island 42480 User Menu 77 User Menu Guide 78 MEIE ee eu pe 78 udo brad 81 83 5142480 Installation Oberdlloiuss ems 84 een hinges tee de de ha oe eee 85 MAINTENANCE 44 a8ad tobe cede eee de 86 Battery 88 Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island 88 SI4248U Manual Installation Manual Section 1 Installation Manual Introduction Features Congratulations You ve purchased the finest inverter charger available today Over twenty years of inverter manufacturing experience has gone into the design of the Sunny Island 42480 As a result the Sunny Island 42480 represents state of the art technology high reliability and overall ease of use all the things you ve come to expect from SMA the industry leader in inverter manufacturing Some of the features included are Optimized for high ambient temperature operation Very high efficiency Integrated DC breaker Near silent operation Non volatile memory Compatible with all Sunny Boy and SMA Control products Advanced battery management system S
4. M r AC OUTPUT Equipment DC Ground Negative L L Figure 1 14 Conduit Installation Once the conduits are in place pull the appropriate wires into the correct conduit runs being sure to allow enough extra wire at the ends for termination Equipment Ground The equipment grounding conductors AC and DC terminate at the terminals marked equipment ground If there are more than two equipment grounding conductors the additional conductor should be spliced together with an appropriate splicing device before connecting only a single conductor to each terminal 30 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual DC Grounding The National Electrical Code requires that the DC side of this 48 V system be grounded The equipment grounding conductor between the inverter and the equipment where the DC bonding jumper the single connection between the DC negative and the grounding system is located should be at least 6 AWG to carry all possible fault currents from the battery The bonding jumper might be located in a battery disconnect enclosure a PV disconnect enclosure or in a ground fault protection device
5. The maximum current that can be switched by either the load shed or generator request relay differs a great deal depending on voltage and wether it s AC or DC The detailed load limit curve is shown in the following graph un DC DC resistive load Figure 1 13 Load Limit Curve for Load Shed and Generator Request Relays Generator Run Confirmation The Sunny Island 4248U has the ability to operate multi wire start generators automatically when used with the GenMan option GenMan is an optional unit available from SMA America When the generator has been started the GenMan will confirm operation by sending a signal to these terminals In this way the Sunny Island 4248U can determine wether the generator is functioning properly or not LONE HN SHIELD Shield G RUN From Generator Ready negative output on optional GenMan unit SHIELD Shield RUN From Generator Ready positive output on optional GenMan unit Table 1 3 Generator Run Confirmation 26 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Synchronization These terminals were designed for use as inverter synchronization ports for future communication capabilities and are not used at this time Make no terminations here Terminal Function Synchronization IN Negative S_OUT Synchronization OUT Negative Synchronization IN Positive S_OUT Synchronization OUT Positive Table 1 4 Synchronization Internal Fans and Battery Temperature Com
6. Ensure that all conduit runs and the inverter enclosure are grounded Move or relocate the receiving antenna Connect the equipment to a different receptacle on a different circuit Secure the services of an experienced radio TV technician for assistance Preparation 5142480 Manual Preparation Lifting Moving The Sunny Island 42480 weighs 86 lbs 39 kg Be sure to use proper lifting techniques and secure the help of someone to assist in the installation of the inverter Unpacking Retain the shipping container in case it becomes necessary to ship the inverter Before installing the Sunny Island 4248U carefully unpack it and make sure that all of the following items are included If anything is missing or if the inverter has been damaged in shipping contact SMA America immediately Contact information is located in the front and back of this manual Closely inspect the shipping container and inverter for any damage Verify that the mounting bracket manual and warranty card are all present Fill out the warranty card with the model number and serial number of the unit Keep all receipts together for future reference The lid of the Sunny Island 4248U is not mounted when you receive the device The lid is packed in a bag to prevent damages during shipping You have to unpack the lid and fasten it to the enclosure of the Sunny Island 4248U after the installation Bottom Mounting Tab The tab on the bottom of the inverter is installed upsid
7. Battery Meters 12 Range EN JA M The BatVoltage menu displays the battery voltage VDC BatCurrent 200 N A The BatCurrent menu displays the DC current 200 ADC BatTemp 40 The BatTemp menu displays the battery tempera ture BatState Battery state BMS The BatState menu displays the current state of charge of the batteries BatCharge The BatChargMode meter allows you to monitor the Mode charge mode of the inverter only Auto Inverter maintains charge automatically For details about the special charge modes see Battery Management on page 88 TabsorbLeft Every charge mode has dedicated absorption i time that might have been adjusted by your system installer For this time normally the Sunny Island will have to keep the generator running even if it seems that there is enough energy in the system and the generator is hardly loaded The counted down value of TabsorbLeft shows the remaining time for this state BatChargeVolt The BatChargeVolt menu shows the setpoint value of the active battery charge mode BatCharge Mode 49 Installer Level Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Generator Meters 13 Ran je VacGenerator 0 260 N A The VacGenerator menu displays the The VacGenerator menu displays the AC voltage at tage at VAC the inverter generator input AmpacGenerat 0 60 N A The AmpacGenerator menu displays the AC current AAC at the inverter generator input FacGenerat
8. NOTE Tools used for tightening the DC input terminals may contact the chassis No damage will result if the above warning is heeded and the inverter has not been powered on for at least five minutes NOTE The DC cables that supply power to the Sunny Island 4248U should be connected directly between the inverter and the battery bank only via additional disconnect and over current protection if required The DC power circuit should not be nor supply power to a branch DC circuit Connect the Positive DC cable and then the Negative DC cable to the appropriate terminals 4 Sle ea ES ISIS AC OUTPUT AC INPUT Ng Ative Figure 1 18 DC Power Wiring 35 Split Phase 5142480 Manual Split Phase Split phase Systems The Sunny Island 4248U has the ability to work together in split phase mode with another Sunny Island 4248U to provide 240 V AC capabilities When used in split phase mode one inverter is set up to be the Master unit and the other the Slave unit Basically the master unit controls all functions of the inverters as a whole and the slave unit merely provides the other 120 V AC leg For example all the battery charging functions are controlled only by t
9. frequency Ms connecting when the generator voltage or fre quency drops below the VacGenMin or FacGenMin limits Transition Ramp Fast The Transition parameter selects the way in which Fast the Sunny Island 4248U will transition from charge fo invert mode when it detects a grid or generator fault Select Ramp when Sunny Boy inverters are con nected to the system Select Fast when no Sunny Boy inverters are con nected to the system W SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Diagnose System Information 31 Range m DeviceConfig Ig EL Lu The DeviceConfig parameter displays the name of ig parameter displays the name o the device FWVers TA The FWVers menu displays the version number of the firmware installed in the inverter SerNum N A N A The SerNum menu displays the serial number of the inverter RunTime N A N A The RunTime menu displays the total time the Hours inverter has been operating Error Information 32 Range _ _ lst N A The Last menu displays the most recent error that displays the most recent error that occurred in the system Hist N A The Hist menu displays the last 10 errors to occur the system This is a revolving list the first item in is the last out and it is only cleared when a system reset is performed 55 Installer Level Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Operation Range 2 BatCharge Auto Auto The BatChargMoae parameter allows you to over M
10. if the generator start request has been sent fault notification and the status of the load shedding and generator relays Output Power Charge Current SERRE Invert GooE Error Detection Generator Run Relay Operating Mode Generator Run Load Shed Relay Figure 2 5 Home Screen Power Output Battery Charge Indicator The output power and the battery charging power of the inverter are indicated by a series of blocks that run across the top of the display This is a relative representation of the power of the inverter so blocks that reach the halfway point on the scale represent the inverter running at half of its capacity The last indicator is an arrow rather than a block If this indicator is lit it represents an overload condition on the inverter Operating Modes In the lower left corner of the screen the operating mode of the inverter will be displayed The different operating modes of the inverter are Invert Voltage mode Charge Current mode Derlnvert Derated voltage mode DerCharge Derated current mode 74 SIA248U Manual User Manual Generator Request Whenever the Sunny Island 4248U sends a request that the generator be started it will display a G in the lower right area of the home screen Once the generator is up to speed and the voltage and frequency of the power being produced by the generator is satisfactory the G is replaced with an asterisk The asterisk will remain visible for as l
11. Manual Start Up Powering Up WARNING This step in the User s Manual assumes that the Sunny Island 4248U has already been checked for proper connections voltages polarities and has been commissioned by your installer If this is the first time the inverter will be powered up refer to the Commissioning instructions in the Installation part of this manual If you are not qualified to perform the commissioning of the inverter secure the services of qualified personnel To turn on the Sunny Island 4248U switch the DC disconnect on the front of the inverter to the ON position This will cause the inverter to come on and enter the INIT phase of start up During this phase the inverter performs a series of self tests to determine that there are no faults present in the system before beginning operation Once the INIT phase is complete the inverter will display Press lt Enter gt Pressing the ENTER key will start the inverter If the AUTOSTART parameter is set to ON once the DC disconnect is switched to the ON position the inverter will begin operating automatically after a short delay Once the inverter begins operating it displays the home screen which shows the current operating mode and power throughput As described previously use the User Interface to navigate and view parameter settings If in doubt refer to the User Interface section of this manual Shutting Down To turn off the inverter press and hold the ESC k
12. SerNum menu displays the serial number of the inverter RunTime N A N A The RunTime menu displays the total time the Hours inverter has been operating Error Information 32 Range _ _ lst N A The Last menu displays the most recent error that displays the most recent error that occurred in the system Hist N A The Hist menu displays the last 10 errors to occur the system This is a revolving list the first item in is the last out and it is only cleared when a system reset is performed 83 User Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Operation Range 2 BatChargMode Auto Auto The BatChargMode parameter allows you to over Boost ride the Auto charge mode of the inverter Full Auto Inverter maintains charge automatically Float Selecting any of the other modes will automatically Equalize place the inverter into that mode For example if Manual you want to perform an equalize charge on your flooded batteries you would select Equalize in this menu to put the inverter into equalize mode For details about the special charge modes see Battery Management on page 88 Manual For future use Please do not select Autostart OH Off The Autostart parameter allows the inverter to start On automatically whenever DC power is applied to it or fault has been detected up 10 times If AutoStart is OFF the inverter will always have to be started manually 84 SIA248U Manual User
13. Shedding As you face the inverter you will see two small O s in the lower right of the home screen The left O represents the state of the Load Shedding relay in the Sunny Island 4248 O represents the Off or Open state When the relay closes the O becomes solid like a dot indicating that the relay is On or Closed Generator Start The O to the right represents the state of the Generator Start relay in the same way as described above for the Load Shedding relay It closes whenever the inverter is requesting that the generator runs 75 User Interface Functionality 5142480 Manual Status LEDs The RED and GREEN status LEDs work together to provide you with a variety of status information Refer to the following table Operating Condition Green LED Standby OFF Table 2 3 User Interface LED Indicators 76 SIA248U Manual User Manual Sunny Island 4248U User Menu Tree The user menus are arranged in four simple groups Meters Settings Diagnose and Operation Using the information from the previous section each of the parameters can be navigated to and changed if needed The following diagram shows a simple map of the parameters that are viewable at the user level Home Screen 10 METERS System Meters 20 SETTINGS System Settings 30 DIAGNOSE System Diangnose 40 OPERATION System Operation 11 Inverter Meters 12 Battery Meters 13 Generator Meters 11 1 Vaclnverter 11 2 Ampaclnverter 11 3 Facl
14. Sunny Boys You will also have to set a parameter in the Sunny Boys to work with the Sunny Island 4248U To prepare the Sunny Island 4248U for use with Sunny Boy inverters set the SunnyBoys parameter to YES On the Sunny Boy s set the Default parameter to off grid Back Up Systems In both Back Up modes GridConnected set to GridCharge or set to Grid FeedPV the Sunny Island 4248U will disconnect from grid if the voltage or frequency is out of the ranges defined by UL1741 as shown in the table below Voltage Range 106 V to 131 V Frequency Range 59 32 Hz to 60 48 Hz A5 Commissioning 5142480 Manual e GridFeedPV If excess power generated by the grid interactive inverters such as Sunny Boys is to be fed to the grid setting the GridConnected parameter to GridFeedPV will allow the power to be fed to the grid via the grid isolation relay in the Sunny Island Remember the Sunny Island will not supply power to the grid from its batteries NOTE To protect the grid isolation relay in the Sunny Island 4248U from gt overload the maximum power that can be fed to grid is limited to 6 72 kW or 56 A at 120 V AC per Sunny Island To prevent interruptions in the operation of your system the total power of the PV array for the grid interactive inverters should not exceed this value If this value is exceeded for longer than 30 seconds the Sunny Island 4248U will switch to island mode immediately e GridCh
15. Sunny Island GenOperation The GenOperation parameter is used to control the generator manually or return it to automatic control via the Sunny Island It has five possible settings Start Stop Auto Run1h and Release Start amp Stop These settings are used as manual overrides to force the Sunny Island to start or stop the generator regardless of the Sunny Island s mode IS NOTE For the Start amp Stop functionality to work GenControl must be set to Direct or GenMan NOTE Remember once either of these settings are chosen the generator will remain in that state until another command is given The Sunny Island will NOT be able to start or stop the generator automatically Auto The Auto setting returns control of the generator to the Sunny Island Leave the GenOperation parameter set to AUTO if automatic operation of the generator by the Sunny Island is desired Run Th The Run1h setting allows the generator to run for 1 hour from the time it is selected and then it is shut off automatically This can be a useful feature if a heavy load is going to be operated or for a brief charge of the batteries NOTE After the hour of run time has completed the Sunny Island will return the gt GenOperation parameter to whichever parameter was selected previously For example if the parameter was set to AUTO and Run1h is selected when the hour is completed the Sunny Island will return to AUTO If STOP was selected previously then af
16. a generator with the utility present requires special wiring considerations and should only be designed and installed by qualified personnel Control of Sunny Boy Inverters in a Grid Tied Configuration In grid tied applications frequency shifting alone cannot be used because it would require that the Sunny Boy inverters allow changes in frequency to occur which exceed UL safety limits for grid tied inverters Therefore in grid tied applications primary control of the Sunny Boys is accomplished through the use of the RS 485 communication line The Sunny Island sends commands via the RS 485 bus to the Sunny Boys that limits the output of the Sunny Boys when required to prevent overcharging the batteries Setting the GridConnected parameter in the Sunny Island to GridFeedPV automatically activates the communication bus NOTE To further protect against system shut down due over voltage the Sunny Boy parameter in the Sunny Island should still be set to YES so that in the event that the battery voltage increases more rapidly than the RS 485 bus can communicate the frequency shift will activate and prevent the Sunny Island from shutting down due to over voltage Options Overview The Sunny Island 4248U allows you connect a variety of options fo it for remote metering load control and controlling optional equipment such as a generator The Sunny Island 4248U supports all of the SMA Control series of metering and data acquisition device
17. consists of a full charge phase with limited current by generator maximum AmpacGenMax current or by maximum DC charge current AmpdcBatMax and an absorption phase after the battery voltage has reached the charge voltage set point The remaining time for the absorption phase is displayed as a meter in the Battery section as TabsorbLeft After completion of the absorption phase the generator is switched off if a generator is used The charge operation is then finished and the charge voltage set point is set to Float The Float State only effects the operation of the Sunny Island 4248U in systems with AC coupled PV Sunny Boys The generator is stopped in this state and the control loop which controls the charge current is inactive For AC coupled PV a different control loop stays active while the Sunny Island 4248U is in Voltage Mode no Generator running which controls the output power of the Sunny Boys by the calculated charge voltage set point in all charging processes including Float 61 Battery Management 5142480 Manual Generator Load Shedding Control and Battery State of Charge State of Charge Generator start and load shedding are controlled by the State of Charge derived from current compensated battery voltage The generator control also considers the battery size Generator and Load Shedding Control distinguishes between four states see Battery Meters BatState and figure below Normal Start Generator Start Loa
18. even the utility grid if available at the system s location The power generated by the external source can be used to power AC loads via the Sunny Island 4248U while the batteries are being charged at the same time The Sunny Island 4248U watches the battery voltage and only applies the amount of power necessary to bring the batteries up to a full state of charge after all power required by the loads is supplied Back Up Systems A back up system is configured differently from an off grid system The purpose of a back up system is to supply power when the primary source of electrical power such as the utility grid fails for some reason When used as a back up system the Sunny Island 4248U is designed to begin providing AC power automatically whenever the primary source of AC power shuts down In a back up configuration the Sunny Island 4248U still requires a source for its power This is accomplished through the use of a large battery bank Again the size and type of batteries used will be determined by the intended operation of the system During times of normal operation where the primary source of AC power is active the Sunny Island 4248U maintains the charge of the battery bank so that they are ready in the event of an outage The Sunny Island 4248U applies a sophisticated charging algorithm to ensure that full charge capacity is maintained and that the life of the battery bank is maximized The Sunny Island 4248U also has the ability
19. gt WARNING All electrical installation must be done by qualified personnel and in accordance with the National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 local building codes and the requirements of the authority having jurisdiction WARNING The Sunny Island 4248U contains no user serviceable parts Always contact an SMA authorized service center for repairs and maintenance WARNING Other than the cooling fans the Sunny Island 4248U contains no user serviceable parts Always contact an SMA authorized Service Center for repairs and maintenance other than those detailed in this manual WARNING Before installing or using the Sunny Island 4248U read all of the instructions and warnings on the Sunny Island 4248U and in this Installation Guide WARNING Do NOT connect the AC OUPUT of the Sunny Island 4248U to the utility grid Doing so will damage the inverter and void the warranty WARNING The Sunny Island 4248U is designed for use in Negative Ground DC systems only WARNING Always wait a minimum of 5 minutes for any stored potentials in the pos Island 4248U to discharge completely before opening the enclosure WARNING This device is not intended for use with emergency systems or essential equipment such as fire pumps operating room or life support equipment See NEC 700 701 vi 5142480 Installation Guide 5142480 Installation Guide Installation Manual 1 Introduction 1 SPECINGGHONS Wit
20. next to the value Once the return character is blinking the value can then be adjusted by using the arrow keys Once the desired value is reached press ENTER to store the new value 39 Commissioning 5142480 Manual LED Indicators There are two LED indicators on the front of the Sunny Island 4248U one red and one green The following table describes their functionality Operating Condition Red LED Green LED INIT Initialization ON ON OFF N BLINKING N BLINKING BLINKING Table 1 10 LED Indicator Functionality AZ 40 SI4248U Manual Installation Manual Powering Up Begin by verifying that the AC breaker is in the OFF position Turn the inverter on by switching the DC breaker on the front of the inverter to the ON position The display will show INIT When the inverter is powered up initially it will require that you set two parameters Battery Type and Battery Capacity First the inverter will automatically execute an initiation sequence When the inverter has completed this sequence the display will show any errors it may have encountered during the self test Any errors will need to be corrected before continuing If no errors are detected the display will show To Init System Press lt Enter gt Refer to the following diagram for a description of the initialization sequence and for instructions on entering the battery type and battery capacity values When the inverter is switched on for the first
21. not limited to omissions typographical errors arithmetical errors or listing errors in the content material Revision History 5522004 Jeffrey hpn Alpe draft TO Sept 24 2004 Jeffrey Philpot Preliminary Release Feb 25 2005 New chapter Split phase Sep 13 2005 Jeffrey Philpott Generator Update Com Update SMA America Incorporated 12438 C Loma Rica Drive Grass Valley California 95945 Tel 530 273 4895 Fax 530 274 7271 www sma america com 5142480 Installation Guide IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS This manual contains important instructions for the Sunny Island 5142480 that must be followed during the installation operating and maintenance of the inverter The Sunny Island 4248U is designed and tested according to international safety requirements but as with all electrical and electronic equipment certain precautions must be observed when installing and or operating the Sunny Island 4248U To reduce the risk of personal injury and to ensure the safe installation and operation of the Sunny Island 4248U you must sow ds read and follow all instructions and warnings in this Installation Guide Safety and Hazard Symbols This symbol is used to call attention to important information that you must have when installing and or operating the Sunny Island 4248U Failure to read and follow instructions marked with this symbol co
22. that might have been adjusted by your system installer For this time normally the Sunny Island will have to keep the generator running even if it seems that there is enough energy in the system and the generator is hardly loaded The counted down value of TabsorbLeft shows the remaining time for this state Generator Meters 13 Range m BENE VacGenerator O 260 N A The VacGenerator menu displays the AC voltage at VAC the inverter generator input N A The AmpacGenerator menu displays the AC current at the inverter generator input FacGenerator Va N A The FacGenerator menu displays the AC frequency at the inverter generator input 79 User Menu Guide SI4248U Manual Range su PacGenerator 20 20 N A The PacGenerator menu displays the AC power at KWAC the inverter generator input 80 SIA248U Manual User Manual Settings Inverter Settings 22 Range is Name EA Description VacNominal 105 130 120 The VacNomina parameter sets the nominal output VAC voltage of the inverter FacNominal 55 65 The FacNominal parameter sets the nominal output Hz frequency of the inverter Battery Settings 23 Range _ _ VdcBatNomi 42 48 The VdcBatNominal parameter sets the nominal _ parameter sets the nomina nal VDC operating voltage of the inverter BatType VRLA The BafType parameter selects the type of battery used in
23. the FSPC Please contact SMA America for details Back Up Systems A back up system is configured differently from an off grid system The purpose of a back up system is to supply power when the primary source of electrical power such as the utility grid fails for some reason When used as a back up system the Sunny Island 4248U is designed E begin providing AC power automatically whenever the primary source of AC power shuts own In a back up configuration the Sunny Island 4248U still requires a source for its power This is accomplished through the use of a large battery bank Again the size and type of batteries used will be determined by the intended operation of the system When using the Sunny Island 4248U in a back up system configuration the utility grid needs to be connected to the grid isolation relay in the inverter via the AC input terminals Please refer to the AC wiring section of this manual CAUTION Any AC power sources coupled to the AC output side of the inverter must meet UL 1741 requirements In addition the GridConnected parameter in Generator Settings must be set to GridFeed PV if this parameter is set to GridCharge when AC sources are coupled to the AC Output side the inverter will generate an error Make sure the maximum power of installed feeders is not higher than the max allowed power for the generator relay 56 A per phase CAUTION The Sunny Island 4248U is not a grid interactive inverter and
24. the system VRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid FLA Flooded Lead Acid Once the system is configured this parameter can only be changed via NewBattery installer pass word required AmpHoursBat 100 The BatCapacity parameter sets the total amp hour yis capacity of the battery bank This parameter needs to be set when the inverter is first commissioned Once the system is configured this parameter can only be changed via NewBattery installer pass word required AmpdcBatMax 100 The AmpdcBatMax parameter sets the DC charge m current limit to the batteries 81 User Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Generator Settings 24 Range GenContro Manual Manual The GenContro parameter selects the type ot gen Direct GenMan erator control to be used with your system Manual Manual start type or no generator nected Direct Two wire start generator connected to the dry contacts in the inverter GenMan GenMan option installed AmpacGen 2 60 10 The AmpacGenMax Parameter should set to Max AAC about 85 of the maximum AC current of your generator In Charge Mode the Sunny Island 42480 will then limit the total current loads in the system Sunny Island to this value in order to pre vent the generator from stalling Note If the load in the system is above this value in Voltage Mode the Sunny Island 4248U will not switch to Charge Mode for the same reason GenOperatio
25. therefore does not provide any active anti islanding features It will however allow power generated by grid interactive inverters such as the Sunny Boy to be passed through it to the grid via its grid isolation relay The Sunny Island 4248U will not supply power to the grid from its batteries and therefore can not create and island on the utility grid During times of normal operation where the primary source of AC power is active the Sunny Island 4248U maintains the charge of the battery bank so that they are ready in the event of an outage The Sunny Island 4248U applies a sophisticated charging algorithm to ensure that full charge capacity is maintained and that the life of the battery bank is maximized Once the batteries are fully charged the Sunny Island 4248U will automatically enter Silent Mode Silent Mode is a standby mode during which most of the electronics in the inverter are turned off to reduce power loss during periods of inactivity The metering functions of the Installation 5142480 Manual inverter are still active so the inverter will wake up and charge the batteries if needed It will also respond immediately to a grid failure When the inverter is in Silent Mode it is indicated on the display by Silent The Sunny Island 4248U also has the ability to connect external sources of power such as a gas powered generator to assist in powering the loads and charging the battery bank during extended outages Using
26. time it will display SMA Wait Once the Initialization process is complete it will ask that you press Enter to begin the setup process Press Enter The first parameter to set is the battery type Begin by pressing Enter so that the return character begins to blink Then use the up and down arrows to select the correct battery type and press Enter to store the new value Press Enter Arrow Keys Enter The second parameter is the capacity of the battery bank in amp hours Begin by pressing Enter so that the return character begins to blink Then use the up and down arrows to select the correct value Holding the arrows will cause the value to change more quickly Then press Enter to store the new value Press Enter Arrow Keys Enter The Sunny Island 4248U shows the maximum charging current Press Enter The inverter is now ready to run To start the inverter press Enter Press Enter The inverter will then begin to operate and display the home screen 41 Commissioning 5142480 Manual During normal operation the inverter will display the home screen See the figure below for a description of the items found on the home screen Output Power Charge Current SERRE Invert GooE Error Detection Generator Run Relay Operating Mode Generator Run Load Shed Relay Figure 1 22 Home Screen Elements Reset Sunny Island 4248U to factory settings In order to reset the
27. to Sunny Boy inverters on the AC output it requires a method in which to control the power output of the Sunny Boys To do this it employs a type of control referred to as Frequency Shift Power Control FSPC Using the FSPC feature the Sunny Island 42481 is able to increase the frequency of its AC output This increase in frequency causes the Sunny Boys to decrease their power output Although the Sunny Island 4248U increases its output frequency during these periods it keeps track of how much frequency shifting has taken place Shortly afterwards the inverter will automatically compensate for the frequency shifting and bring any appliances such as electric clocks back to normal this way users don t have to worry about any inaccuracies in their electronic equipment The activation of the FSPC feature is controlled by the SunnyBoys parameter in the Sunny Island 4248U When this parameter is set to Yes the FSPC feature is enabled SIA248U Manual Installation Manual When the FSPC feature is enabled and the generator in the system is operating the generator becomes the frequency reference and the Sunny Boys will respond to any shifts in frequency by the output of the generator Typically generators run at 60Hz when loaded and therefore in most cases the Sunny Boys will be allowed to run at full power when the generator is operating NOTE Some Sunny Boy models may require a firmware upgrade to be gt compatible with
28. to connect external sources of power such as a gas powered generator to assist in powering the loads and charging the battery bank during extended outages 69 Sunny Island Applications 5142480 Manual For security reasons all energy sources installed on the AC output side should meet all regulations for utility interaction Generators Gas powered generators are a common component found in both off grid and back up systems Generators come in many different sizes and determining the correct one will depend on the needs of the system More importantly however generators are divided into two basic groups Auto Start and Manual Start Auto Start Basically an auto start generator is designed to start and run automatically without personnel intervention This requires that the generator is much more sophisticated in terms of its operation For example auto start generators typically have much larger engine oil and gas capacities They have sophisticated starting procedures such as crank times retry counts and exercise routines It is highly recommended that this type of generator be used if you require that the Sunny Island 4248U start a generator automatically Please consult your installer or system designer for generator recommendations Manual Start Manual start generators require that they have to be started by hand using a key button or pull start system These generators are less sophisticated and assume that there is personnel o
29. wall Drill 3 16 pilot holes in the wall and stud to a depth of 1 1 2 Mount the bracket to the wall using at least three 1 4 lag bolts with washers that are long enough to penetrate the stud to a depth of 1 1 2 Verify that the threaded screw at the bottom of the bracket is removed With assistance lift the inverter onto the mounting bracket and secure it by fastening the threaded screw through the tab on the bottom edge of the inverter e Verify that the inverter is securely mounted in place before proceeding SIA248U Manual Figure 1 9 Mounting Bracket to Single Stud Installation Manual Mount centered on stud using three 1 4 lag bolts with washers that are long enough to penetrate the stud to a depth of at least 1 1 2 Wall studs Spaced 16 on center Installation 5142480 Manual Using Wall Braces For additional security the Sunny Island 4248U may be mounted by attaching a pair of wall braces horizontally It is recommended that the wall braces span three studs for secure mounting e Locate the wall studs and mark their location on the wall e Locate desired height of inverter remembering to keep the user interface near eye level Use a level to draw the horizontal lines across three studs Place a pre cut wall braces the location marked and drill pilot holes through the wall braces and the studs Mount the wall braces to the wall using 16D nails or 3 1 2 lag bolts Repeat the process for the
30. C breaker Near silent operation Non volatile memory for system settings Compatible with all Sunny Boy and SMA Control products Advanced battery management system Sealed electronic compartment Generator overload protection Generator reactive power compensation eee ee Optional GenMan ig is dir ft Generator OR Utility Grid 5 Da 7 Service Panel Battery bank LFF 4 L LP ip waa Possible additional 1 DC sources 4 1 y PV array with charge controller Secondary Panel Other DC sources Sunny Boy Windy Boy Load Shed such as fuel cells Relay Critical Loads u MM a ed Figure 2 1 Sunny Island 4248U System Block Diagram 67 User Interface Overview 5142480 Manual User Interface Overview The basic configuration of the user interface is shown in the figure below The user interface consists of a DC disconnect a 2 line digital display two status indicators up and down arrows an Escape and an Enter key You will use combinations of the arrow keys and the Escape and Enter keys to navigate display information and change parameters See the User Interface Functionality section for detailed information DC Disconnect O ESC green 2 Line Display Indicator Navigation Keys
31. Changes Answer YES Table 2 2 Key Functionality 72 SIA248U Manual User Manual Changing Parameters When a parameter is reached via the navigation keys the current value of that parameter will be displayed Next to that value will be a return character This character represents a parameter that may be changed To change the parameter press ENTER and the return character will begin to blink next to the value Once the return character is blinking the value can then be adjusted by using the arrow keys Once the desired value is reached press ENTER to store the new value How Information is Displayed Information from the Sunny Island 4248U is displayed on a 2 line LCD display As you move up and down through the menus 2 lines of information will be visible at a time Additional lines above the display 1 Display Line window are accessible 2 Display Line using the 3 Display Line 4 Display Line 2 lines of information 5 Display Line piece Window are viewable at a time 6 Display Line 7 Display Line Additional lines Display Line below the display 9 Display Line window are accessible using the 4 key 10 Display Line Figure 2 4 LCD Display Information 73 User Interface Functionality 5142480 Manual Home Screen During normal operation the Sunny Island 4248U displays the Home Screen This screen shows relative output power the operating mode of the inverter
32. Figure 2 8 State Transition Chart for charge processes Charging voltage setpoint depending on charging pro cess and transitions 88 SIA248U Manual User Manual GridConnected set to GridCharge or GridFeedPV AND BatVoltage gt BatChargeVolt 0 05 V cell Battery Management System Normal Enero Operation Silent active for more than 12 hrs r Saving Charge 30 Charge throvgpu sn BatVoltage lt VchargeFloat 0 16 V cell Operation Boost Charge 8 charge throughputs V Vcharge Boost AND Silent active for more than 3 min A Provides Silent value for m d lt 0 BatCharge Gri os Da Equaliziation Charge a Full Charge allure present V VchargeEqual 9 9 8 V VchargeFull 29 9 v p Floating Charge j V VchargeFloat gt VchargeFull Normal G id f or TabsorbEqua for TabsorbFull ri allure Operation TcycleEqual days or 16 charge throughputs Invert Figure 2 9 Battery Management System Each charging operation Boost charge Full charge and Equalizing charge and Floating Charge too can also be activated manually For customer convenience all transitions are done automatically see State Transition Chart for charge processes Charging voltage setpoint depending on charging process and transitions on page 88 with cycle times adjustable Tcy
33. Guide 5142480 Manual Range 2 Nemo FacGenMax 60 66 65 The FacGenMax parameter selects the maximum Hz frequency the inverter will accept from the genera tor If the generator frequency is greater than this limit when running unloaded the Sunny Island 42480 will not connect or if the generator fre quency goes above this limit while connected the Sunny Island 4248U will disconnect the generator FacGenMin 54 60 55 The FacGenMin parameter selects the minimum fre Hz quency the inverter will accept from the generator It the generator frequency is lower than this limit when running unloaded the Sunny Island 4248U will not connect or if the generator frequency goes below this limit while connected the Sunny Island 42480 will disconnect the generator GridConnected range 59 32 Hz 60 48 Hz no reverse power accepted GridFeedPV Charge from grid and feed grid with Sunny Boy via Sunny Island voltage range 106 V 131 V frequency range 59 32 Hz 60 48 Hz reverse power limit is 6 72 kW DelayVGenLow 500 3000 The DelayVGenLow parameter selects the amount 6000 of time the Sunny Island 4248U will wait before dis Grid Grid Grid connection mode None None GridNone No grid operation Generator limits Grid apply VacGenMin VacGenMax FacGenMin Charge FacGenMax DelayVGenLow PGenRevers Grid GridCharge Charge only from grid UL limits FeedPV apply voltage range 106 V 131 V
34. Lights Figure 2 2 Sunny Island 4248U User Interface Options The Sunny Island 4248U allows you to connect a variety of options to it for remote metering load control and controlling optional equipment such as a generator The Sunny Island 4248U supports all of the SMA Control series of metering and data acquisition devices through the use of the optional Communication Piggy Back unit This enables the inverter to communicate in either the RS232 or RS485 formats variety of communication options are available to connect multiple Sunny Island 4248U s together or combine other SMA products on the same communication bus For customers desiring remote access to the Sunny Island 4248U various modems and Ethernet options are also available With an optional RS232 Piggy Back local access to the Sunny Island 4248U is a simple wire connection between a PC and the Sunny Island 4248U The Sunny Data application and a MS Windows PC are necessary to communicate with the Sunny Island 4248U from local or remote locations Sunny Data is available free of charge on the SMA America web site www sma america com The Sunny Island 4248U also supports the automatic operation of 2 wire start generators as a standard feature The optional GenMan unit enables the inverter to operate multiple wire start generators The GenMan option is available from your local distributor dealer Manual start type generators may also be used The terminal blocks are gr
35. None None The Splitphase parameter selects the role each Master inverter has to play when used in split phase mode Slave This parameter should remain set to None unless the inverter is to be used in Split Phase mode See Split Phase section for details SI4248U Manual Installation Manual Description 57 Troubleshooting 5142480 Manual Troubleshooting Refer to the following table as a guide to the errors codes generated by the Sunny Island 42480 Les T gt 70 lt 70 Battery temp sensor cable broken CBT Short T lt 40 C T gt 40 C Battery temp sensor shorted Chargelow SOC lt SOC gt Battery SOC critical SOCLim3 SOCLim3 5 T gt 150 C T lt 150 C Heatsink temp sensor cable broken CHS Short T lt 40 C T gt 40 C Heatsink temp sensor shorted CTR Open T gt 150 C T lt 150 C Transformer temp sensor cable broken CTR Short T lt 40 C T gt 40 Transformer temp sensor shorted FailSet TrfDerateTemp Set parameter gt TrfMax correctly Temp or HSDerate Temp gt HSMaxTemp INTERNALO3 Demand State Automatic No reaction of DSP to change of not equal to acknowledge demand state DSP state Restart INTERNALO4 Lost Two hand Automatic Lost DSP Handshake shakes from reset DSP gt 1 sec INTERNALOS Measurement Automatic DSP measurement failure Breakdown out of valid acknowledge bit coded error
36. Reversed Off Generator Standards Em 6 EXT GRID 10 SYNCGEN External Voltage OK 7 GEN 10 SYNCGEN Relay Figure 2 7 Sunny Island 4248U State Machine 87 Battery Management 5142480 Manual Battery Management Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island The battery management system allows automatic operation without user interference required of 3 different charging operations e Boost Charge fast charging operation with short generator run time for quick battery charge to state of charge of approximately 85 95 e Full Charge charging the battery full requiring longer generator run time absorption time at low generator load condition to state of charge of approximately 92 97 e Equalizing Charge equalizing all cells with long generator run time at low load condition to state of charge of approximately 95 100 TcycleEqual days or TcycleFull days or 30 charge througputs Boost Charge 8 charge throughputs V Vcharge Boost M 4 A v 5 104 JOYDA lt Full Charge V VchargeFull ke 15004 jsooge Equaliziation Charge V VchargeEqual A 1104 usb ojnp Jo 05 v Floating Charge V gt M ied sty V VchargeFloat V gt Vchar eFull for TabsorbEqual for TabsorbFull TcycleEqual days or 16 charge throughputs
37. Sunny Island 4248U to its delivery status switch the inverter off with the DC disconnect Press and hold ESC and Arrow Up button Switch the DC disconnect on still pressing the buttons When NEWSYS appears in the display you can let off the buttons and proceed as if the inverter was new it will show To init System Press lt Enter gt Generator Set Up There are three sets of parameters that need to be set based upon system configuration and type of generator used to allow the Sunny Island to operate the generator automatically GenControl GenOperation and GridConnected GenControl The GenControl parameter tells the Sunny Island what type of control is required to operate the generator that is connected to it There are three possible settings Manual Direct and GenMan Manual Default When Manual is selected the Sunny Island assumes that it has no control over the generator whatsoever This setting is to be used when the generator has no autostart capability and must be started and stopped manually NOTE When the Sunny Island GenControl parameter is set to Manual the Sunny Island will automatically connect to the generator whenever it sees voltage on the AC input terminals provided the voltage and frequency of the power is within tolerances NOTE Because the GenRequest relay is not utilized with manual start generators it can be used to activate a indicator light that would notify the user that the Sunny Island i
38. acity Generator _ None _Manual _Two Wire _GenMan Option Installed Maximum Generator Output Current ___ 0 0 to 60 0 38 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual User Interface Overview To commission the Sunny Island 4248U you will need to interact with the user interface The basic configuration of the user interface is shown in the figure below The user interface consists of a DC disconnect a 2 line digital display two status indicators up and down arrows an Escape and an Enter key You will use combinations of the arrow keys and the Escape and Enter keys to navigate display information and change parameters See the User Interface section for detailed information red 4 DC Disconnect gg E green 7 2 Line Display Indicator Navigation Keys Lights Figure 1 21 Sunny Island 4248U User Interface The following table outlines the key functions Key Function ESC Cancel Answer NO Move up one menu level UP Arrow Scroll Upward Increase Value DOWN Arrow Scroll Downward Decrease Value ENTER Select Function Select Value Confirm Changes Answer YES Table 1 9 Key Functionality Changing Parameters When a parameter is reached via the navigation keys the current value of that parameter will be displayed Next to that value will be a return character 41 This character represents a parameter that may be changed To change the parameter press ENTER and the return character will begin to blink
39. alculated charge voltage setpoint in all charging processes and Float state 89 Battery Management 5142480 Manual 90 SMA America Inc 12438 Loma Rica Drive Grass Valley CA 95945 USA Phone 1 530 273 4895 Fax 1 530 274 7271 www sma america com Headquarters Hannoversche Str 1 5 34266 Niestetal Germany Phone 49 561 95220 Fax 49 561 9522 100 www SMA de AMT
40. another room an additional 175 A overcurrent device and disconnect should be located near the batteries Typical conductors for this application would be THHN or THWN 2 installed in conduit If the batteries are mounted on conductive racks or in metallic enclosures and or there is a metal enclosure for the battery disconnect overcurrent device then an equipment grounding conductor must be installed For a 175 A overcurrent device the equipment grounding conductor will be a 6 AWG bare green insulated or green marked copper conductor see NEC 250 122 If the circuit conductors are oversized to compensate for voltage drop the equipment grounding conductor must also be oversized see NEC 250 122 B 23 Installation 5142480 Manual System Grounding NOTE Grounding practices must be performed in accordance with the NEC Consult the NEC and local ordinances with regard to the system grounding requirements for your specific installation The AC output of the typical stand alone inverter system is grounded at the AC panel board load center serving as the AC distribution system for the output of the inverter See Figure 1 12 In this panel board the AC neutral is bonded to the AC equipment grounding conductors and to the AC grounding electrode conductor GEC From this bonding point the AC GEC is run to the AC grounding electrode or grounding system see NEC 250 The DC part of the system must also be bonded to ground The Sunny I
41. arge When the GridConnected parameter is set to GridCharge the Sunny Island 4248U will not allow power to be passed through its grid isolation relay and into the grid If for any reason it detects power being fed to the grid it will trigger an error and immediately switch to island mode AC Output Voltage Verification Once the system parameters are set the inverter is ready to begin operating The AC output must be tested to make sure that it is within specifications Switch the inverter on and then using an AC incandescent lamp as a load measure the output voltage of the inverter to verify that the AC voltage is approximately 120 V AC Well Done The Sunny Island 4248U is now ready to operate normally If perchance the inverter is not running at this point refer to the Troubleshooting guide and correct the error indicated by the code on the display 46 SIA248U Manual Sunny Island 4248U Menu Tree Installation Manual The installer menus are arranged in four simple groups Meters Settings Diagnose and Operation Using the information from the previous section each of the parameters can be navigated to and changed if needed The following diagram shows a simple map of the parameters that are viewable at the installer level Home Screen 10 METERS System Meters 20 SETTINGS System Settings 30 DIAGNOSE System Diagnose 40 OPERATION System Operation 11 Inverter Meters 12 Battery Meters 13 Gener
42. arge current flows the inverter will shutdown after 5 minutes Independent from the Generator and Load Shedding control the battery voltage monitoring stays active and shut down Sunny Island 4248U if the battery voltage falls below the minimum voltage level VbatMin 63 Battery Management 5142480 Manual How to set up State of Charge Limits gt gt NOTE This process applies to FLA type batteries with accessible cells only For sealed batteries please refer to the manufacturer s guidelines for acid density values The 3 limits for generator start load shedding and shut down can be set as State of Charge SOC values SocLim1 SocLim2 SocLim3 The battery management assumes the acid density to 1 28 kg l If the Acid Density of the used battery is different user must adapt the desired SOC value Open Circuit Voltage over State of Charge 2 20 E tbe Acid Density 1 24 TE Acid Density 1 26 kg l ne DUCIUST te Acid Density 1 28 Bed Acid Density 1 3 kg l Vicell 20 0 20 40 60 80 100 SOC Figure 1 28 State of Charge and Open Circuit Voltage Levels depending on Acid Example If the generator should start at a SOC of 40 or when the battery has a specific gravity of 1 24 kg l then The SocLim1 should be set to 25 To determine this value begin at 40 SOC go up to the blue curve which represents 1 24 kg l go left to meet the red line go down and find 25 The
43. ator Meters 11 1 Vaclnverter 11 2 Ampaclnverter 11 3 Faclnverter 11 4 Paclnverter 12 1 BatVoltage 12 2 BatCurrent 12 3 12 4 BatState 12 5 BatChargeMode 12 6 TabsorbLeft 13 1 VacGenerator 13 2 AmpacGenerator 13 3 FacGenerator 13 4 PacGenerator 21 Password Settings 22 Inverter Settings 23 Battery Settings 24 Generator Settings 21 1 Level 00 22 1 VacNominal 22 2 FacNominal 23 1 VdcBatNominal 23 2 Batlype 23 3 AmpHoursBat 23 4 AmpdcBatMax 31 System Information 32 Error Information 24 1 GenControl 24 2 AmpacGenMax 24 3 GenOperation 31 1 DeviceConfig 31 2 FWVERS 31 3 SerNum 31 4 RunTime 32 1 Last 32 2 Hist Installer Level 40 1 BatChargeMode 40 2 Autostart Y 11 5 TrfTemp 11 6 HsTemp 23 5 NewBattery 23 6 TabsorbBoost 23 7 VchargeBoost 23 8 TabsorbEqual 23 9 VchargeEqual 23 10 TabsorbFull 23 11 VchargeFull 23 12 VchargeFloat 23 13 TcycleFull 23 14 TcycleEqual 23 15 SOCLim 23 16 SOCLim2 23 17 SOCLim3 23 18 TBatMax 244 VacGenMax 24 5 VacGenMin 246 FacGenMax 247 FacGenMin 24 8 GridConnected 24 9 DelayVGenLow 24 10 Transition 24 11 PGenRevers Figure 1 23 Installer Level Menu Map 40 3 BaudRate 40 4 ParameterSet 40 5 Splitphase 40 6 LoadShedding 40 7 GenRequest 40 8 SunnyBoys 47 In
44. cleFull TcycleEqual The number of charge throughputs of Amp hours of nominal battery capacity C20 passed through the battery are fixed and not adjustable Charge throughputs are only calculated from energy passing through the Sunny Island 4248U Each additional energy DC charger or DC loads are not regarded by Sunny Island 4248U In rare case where conditions for two charging operations are met Boost Charge come before Full Charge before Equalization Charge The charging processes will then appear in this order Each charge operation consists of a full charge phase with limited current by generator maximum AmpacGenMax current or by maximum DC charge current AmpdcBatMax and an absorption phase after battery voltage has reached the charge voltage setpoint The remaining time for the absorption phase is displayed as the meter Battery TabsorbLefi After completion of the absorption phase the generator is switched off in case of operation together with a generator The charge operation is finished and charge voltage setpoint goes to Float State The Float State affects the operation of the Sunny Island 4248U only in systems with AC coupled PV Sunny Boys as the generator is stopped in this state and the control loop which controls the charge current is inactive For AC coupled PV a different control loop stays active while Sunny Island 4248U is in Voltage Mode no Generator running which controls the output power of the Sunny Boys by the c
45. ctors L1 L2 240 V Sunny Boy Sunny Boy Sunny Boy 120 V 240 V 120 V Once the wiring is complete the units must be set for split phase operation e Power up the Master inverter and to parameter 41 5 Splitphase and set it for Mas ter Power down the master inverter e Power up the Slave inverter and set the same parameter for Slave Power down the slave inverter You may now disconnect the battery temperature sensor cable from the slave inverter Now when the inverters are restarted they will operate in split phase configuration 37 Commissioning 5142480 Manual Commissioning Preparation IS NOTE Before beginning recheck all of the power connections for correct polarity and assure that they are torqued to specification Once the wiring is complete the system parameters need to be set You will be setting parameters for battery type battery capacity and generator configuration For your convenience we ve provided space here for you to enter that information before beginning Battery Type Valve Regulated Lead Acid VRLA or Flooded Lead Acid FLA Battery Capacity Amp Hours 100 to 6000 The Sunny Island 4248U assumes a C20 twenty hour capacity value for capacity NOTE Some batteries list the amp hour capacity in the 10 hr rate on the label gt To calculate the 20 hr rate the 10 hr rate has to be multiplied by 1 1 The Sunny Island 4248U defaults to a 100 amp hour battery cap
46. d shedding includes Start Generator Critical Battery State Shut down The transitions between these states are controlled by the State of Charge calculated from the battery voltage and a timer see State transition for generator start and load shedding on page 63 The mentioned time of 2 minutes is active when Sunny Island 4248U sees discharging The 30 minutes time is active for charging or for discharging with currents less than 0 5 A per 100 Ah battery capacity The 6 minutes time is active with charging currents of 0 5 to 2 A per 100 Ah capacity The 30 minutes time is active with charging current above 2 A per 100 Ah Figure 1 26 Generator Start Delay vs Normalized Battery Current 62 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Normal SOC lt Soclim SOC gt SocLim l for t gt 2 6 30 minutes for t gt 15 minutes Warning Start Generator SOC lt SocLim2 SOC gt SocLim2 for t gt 2 6 30 minutes for t gt 15 minutes Low Load Shedding SOC lt SocLim3 SOC gt SocLim3 for t gt 2 6 30 minutes for t gt 15 minutes and no charging current or charge current Critical Shut down Figure 1 27 State transition for generator start and load shedding When critical state is reached and no charge current is detected the Sunny Island 4248U will shut down for battery protection After that a manual restart of the Sunny Island 4248U is required If no ch
47. d when sizing conductors and overcurrent devices Therefor a value of 70 Amps must be used when sizing conductors and devices Circuit conductors from the generator operating at 56 Amps should be sized at 6 AWG and the circuit should be protected with a 70 Amp overcurrent device circuit breaker or fused disconnect The inverter will accept 4 AWG conductors All wire should be rated at 75 C minimum For further information see NEC Table 310 16 Typical conductors for this application would be THHN or THWN 2 installed in conduit Long distances between the generator and the inverter may require larger conductors to compensate for excessive voltage drops With a 70 Amp overcurrent device in the generator to inverter circuit an 8 AWG equipment grounding conductor will be needed in this circuit See NEC Table 250 122 The conductor can be bare or have green insulation or green markings If the circuit conductors are oversized to compensate for voltage drop the equipment grounding conductor must also be oversized See NEC 250 122 B AC Output Circuit NOTE All electrical installation must be done in accordance with the local and National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 The maximum continuous AC current of the Sunny Island 4248U is 35 A AC The rated inverter output is 4200 W at 120 V AC The continuous AC output current is 35 A For sizing conductors the NEC requires that this current be increased by a factor of 1 25 yielding a curr
48. e down to prevent damage during transport This tab needs to be removed and remounted so that the flange points downward and is flush with the back of the inverter See illustration below Bottom View Side View Mounting Tab Mount with ooj men Wall Wall Figure 1 4 Mounting Tab Orientation SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Removing the Cover WARNING Care should be taken when removing the front cover See illustration below It is important when removing the cover to make sure that you swing the bottom of the cover out far enough to clear the DC breaker on the front of the inverter step 1 before lifting the cover off step 2 Failure to do so can result in the DC breaker being accidentally switched on 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 Figure 1 5Proper Cover Removal The cover of the Sunny Island 4248U is not mounted at the factory Mount the cover once in stallation is complete To mount the cover install the four screws in the bottom of the inverter as shown below Figure 1 6 Bottom View with Location of Cover Mounting Screws Preparation 5142480 Manual Mounting Location The Sunny Island 4248U must be mounted indoors in an area where it is easily accessible and out of the elements It is important that the Sunny Island 4248U not be mounted directly over the battery bank for corrosio
49. ealed electronics compartment Generator overload protection Generator reactive power compensation PLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLI TS B RA AA I ARR RARI RSI MEME LL LL Lecce eee Y Optional Mer Generator OR Utility Grid T 1 I Main AC Input Service Panel IN is I 5 e 1 oe ee ee DI a L I Possible additional I sources PV array with charge controller all Other DC sources such as fuel cells H Secondary Panel Sunny Boy Windy Boy Load Shed Relay Critical Loads E A MI kak a ed Figure 1 1 Sunny Island 42480 System Block Diagram Introduction 5142480 Manual Code Compliance The Sunny Island 4248U has been tested and listed by ETL to meet the requirements of UL 1741 Static Inverters and Charge Controllers for use in Photovoltaic Power Systems The Sunny Island 4248U also meets all RFI EMI requirements of FCC Part 15 b Specifications With Full Power Output Battery Charging 28 A 113 F 45 C AC Maximum Continuous Out 35 A 77 F 25 C put Current rent SI4248U Manual Installation Manual Interfaces 2 LEDs 2 line LCD 4 Buttons Serial Port optional Generator Request N O dr
50. ed from the device with a soft hand brush or a similar tool Fine dust can be wiped off the enclosure parts with a soft moistened cloth Cleaning agents containing solvents or abrasives should not be used to avoid scratching the paint layer Batteries The battery bank will also require periodic maintenance They may need to be topped off with water and have the tops of the battery cases and terminals cleaned and clamps inspected for tightness Refer to the manufacturer s care instructions that came with the batteries and be sure to wear protective clothing 86 SIA248U Manual User Manual State Machine The following diagram shows the state relationships for the Sunny Island 4248U FAULTS 0 OFF 5 LOCKED DC Voltage Self Test Multiple Errors N or Locked INIT Multiple Errors Manual or Locked Acknowledge 1 INIT Error Reset TECHN Initialization Locked STOP Acknowledge 2 STANDBY MJ Timeout 4 FAULT A Low Battery Retry Fault Any Fault Timeout Condition Auto Manual Start OPERATION DERATING 11 LOWBAT WARNING Island lt 8 SYNCISL 3 ISLAND External Box Specifications Set Standards Incorrect External Voltage No Box Sync Signal Relay Off Specification Cancelled 9 SYNCEXT External Voltage OK Generator Box Synch Signal Incorrect External Voltage oltage Spec Set Relay ON Relay Off Standards
51. enclosure PV systems with modules on the roof of a dwelling that charge the batteries directly not via a Sunny Boy inverter will usually have an external NEC 690 5 Ground Fault Protection Device In this case the DC grounding electrode conductor must be connected to the GFPD following the directions for that device WARNING The Sunny Island 4248U does not make any connection between the DC positive or negative circuits and ground The required connection must be made by the installer The Sunny Island 4248U is designed to operate in negative grounded systems Auxiliary Wiring Connect any auxiliary wires to the appropriate terminal blocks following the instructions that accompanied the particular option s that you will install Note that the auxiliary terminal blocks are offset and arranged in layers Some of the connections will terminate to both layers 31 Installation 5142480 Manual Battery Temperature Sensor Install the battery temperature sensor BTS in the battery compartment where it makes contact with the case of a battery near the center of the battery bank properly Use only the BTS that came with the Sunny Island 4248U Do not lengthen the BTS cable Do not drill holes in any part of the batteries to mount the sensor unless instructed to do so by the battery manufacturer e Although the BTS terminals are numbered and the wires are color coded there is no polarity to the BTS so it may be wired in any conf
52. ent of 43 75 amps The output conductors should be sized to carry at least 50 amps and protected by a 50 amp overcurrent device Therefore the minimum conductor size required by the NEC is 8 AWG at 70 C even if the inverter is not used at full power However if the inverter is going to be connected to a generator capable of delivering 56 A to the inverter then the inverter output conductors must be sized at 6 AWG and protected with a 70 A overcurrent device See above and NEC Table 310 16 Typical conductors for this application would be THHN or THWN 2 installed in conduit 21 Installation 5142480 Manual If the inverter and any connected generator are to operate at an output current of 35 A or less and be protected by a 50 A overcurrent device the equipment grounding conductor for the AC output can be 10 AWG bare green insulated or have green markings However if the full 56 A pass through current is to be used the equipment grounding conductor must be increased to 8 AWG see 250 122 If the circuit conductors are oversized to compensate for voltage drop the equipment grounding conductor must also be oversized see NEC 250 122 B If the full 56 A pass through rating of the Sunny Island 42480 is to be used then 6 AWG conductors and 70 A circuit breakers must be used in the AC input and output circuits The commonly used 60 A inverter disconnect switch cannot be used in this application 22 SIA248U Manual Installa
53. er person when mounting the inverter Special Tools It is helpful to have a laptop on hand with the Sunny Data software installed a communication cable and an RS232 Piggy Back module for communication with the Sunny Island 4248U but is not required to complete installation Hardware The type of hardware required to mount the inverter will vary depending upon the mounting method used See the Mounting Method section for details on recommended mounting options for the inverter The Mounting Bracket The mounting bracket provided has an assortment of holes and slots punched in it for various mounting needs Horizontally there are 5 slots to be used for mounting to wall studs when the stud spacing is appropriate There are also several holes along the vertical portion of the bracket for use in single stud mounting and in conjunction with the other holes when needed Installation SI4248U Manual Mounting Single Stud Mounting The Sunny Island 4248U can be mounted to a single wall stud if necessary It must be mounted with the holes centered on the stud and the lag bolts must penetrate the stud to a depth of at least 1 1 2 Locate the center of the wall stud and mark its location on the wall Locate desired height of inverter remembering to keep the user interface near eye level Place the mounting bracket in position and using the bracket as a template making sure the bracket is level mark the mounting holes for the bracket on the
54. ey When prompted to turn off the inverter press ENTER The inverter will then remain in standby mode To power down the inverter switch the DC disconnect on the front of the inverter to the OFF position CAUTION Even then the inverter may start if any voltage source is accidentally applied to the AC side To be sure the inverter will remain off also disconnect it on the AC side 85 Maintenance SI4248U Manual Maintenance Sunny Island 4248U The inverter has been designed to provide years of trouble free service As such the only maintenance required is the periodic cleaning of the filters for the cooling fans The actual cleaning interval for these filters will depend on the air quality at each installation We recommend a visual inspection of the filters monthly at the minimum To clean the fan filters use a vacuum recommended or a whisk broom to clear any debris from the screens Perform screen cleaning only when the fans are OFF If it becomes necessary to replace a fan the instructions for performing the replacement will be provided with the new fans Replacement of the fans should only be performed by qualified personnel Enclosure Check the enclosure of the Sunny Island 4248U for mechanical integrity Should there be any damages reducing the Sunny Island 4248U s operating safety cracks holes fissures missing covers the Sunny Island 4248U has to be decommissioned immediately Large dirt particles should be remov
55. firmware always assigns the SOC parameter with the highest value to SocLim1 generator start and the lowest to SocLim3 shutdown and the remaining value to SocLim2 load shedding to ensure reasonable order of SOC thresholds If the generator is started by the Sunny Island 4248U due to reaching a voltage level corresponding to SocLim1 State of Charge it will run until the charge operation has completed i e completion of the absorption phase and then switching to float If the generator starts during Float e g with DC loads only the BMS will automatically switch to boost charge and 64 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual complete a boost charge cycle If the generator is started manually without a request from the Sunny Island 4248U by rope for example and the BMS is in Float it will not switch to Boost mode This allows the generator to supply some large loads without always changing the charge state When using a manual start generator the user may set the charge operation state as needed e g Full Charge The Sunny Island 4248U internal control loop looks at the difference between the actual battery voltage and the charge voltage set point for the current charge state The result of this control loop determines the current to be drawn from the generator This current value is limited by the maximum generator current as set by the AmpacGenMax parameter and the maximum battery charge current allowed as set by the AmpdcBatMax para
56. gas powered generator Typically there is a need to store the power that is generated Without a storage method power would only be available when one or more of the generating devices were active i e when the sun was shining for a PV array or when the wind was blowing for a wind generator Batteries are the most common device used for power storage The size and type of batteries used depends greatly on the system power requirements Because many of the loads that will be powered by the system require AC power as opposed to DC power an inverter is needed to change the DC voltage to an AC voltage that can be used by the AC loads This is exactly what the Sunny Island 4248U was designed to do The Sunny Island 4248U can also function as a battery charger for charging the battery bank This mode operates by connecting an AC power source to the inverter s AC power input The AC power source could be a gas powered generator or even the utility grid if available at the system s location The power generated by the external source can be used to power AC loads via the Sunny Island 4248U while the batteries are being charged at the same time The Sunny Island 4248U watches the battery voltage and only applies the amount of power necessary to bring the batteries up to a full state of charge after all power required by the loads is supplied Frequency Shift Power Control FSPC for Off Grid Applications Only When the Sunny Island 4248U is coupled
57. he display will show R Remember to stop the generator when not needed anymore by selecting either Stop or Auto Stop Generator will be stopped by the Sunny Island immediately the display will show S Remember to set the generator back to Auto mode if you want the Sunny Island to take over con trol again Runth Generator will be started immediately and will kept running for one hour the display will show Afterwards the Sunny Island will switch back to the previous mode If Run1h was selected from Start mode the Sunny Island will switch back to Start after one hour time Release Aborts the lock time 20 min for the gen erator after a ReversePower failure has occurred VacGenMax 120 150 130 VacGenMax parameter selects the maximum VAC AC voltage the inverter will accept from the genera tor If the generator voltage is higher than this limit when running unloaded the Sunny Island 4248U will not connect or if the generator voltage exceeds this limit while connected the Sunny Island 42480 will disconnect the generator 80 120 The VacGenMin parameter selects the minimum AC VAC voltage the inverter will accept from the generator If the generator voltage is lower than this limit when running unloaded the Sunny Island 4248U will not connect or if the generator voltage goes below this limit while connected the Sunny Island 4248U will disconnect the generator 53 Installer Level Menu
58. he master unit To set the inverters up for split phase mode they must first be completely wired and ready to operate Both inverters need to have a battery temperature sensor connected to them the slave unit s battery temperature sensor is only required for set up and then it can be removed There is no need to place the slave unit s battery temperature sensor in conduit it is temporary Use the following wiring diagrams for guides when wiring the inverters for split phase Master Slave Figure 1 19 AC and DC Wiring for Split Phase Only 240 V generators with center tap or 120 V with autoformer may be used and connected to the system as shown in figure above 36 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Master Slave VO IQQ WY y WY Figure 1 20 Sync Connection for Split Phase AC coupled energy sources can be connected either to the Master and or Slave Sunny Island 42480 L1 N L2 N 120 V or to both outer condu
59. iguration IS The battery temperature sensor must be connected for the inverter to function the display will show a CBT Open error and will not let the user proceed with normal operation To clear this switch off the inverter and connect the battery temperature sensor cable to the appropiate terminals Da If the inverter is powered up without the battery temperature sensor connected di mn C 9 4 Ole s DI Positive Equipme DC Ground Negative Figure 1 15 Equipment Ground and Auxiliary Wiring 32 5142480 Manual Installation Manual NOTE In split phase mode with two Sunny Island 4248U s connected together the slave unit must have the battery temperature sensor connected to set the inverter to slave mode Once the inverter is set to slave mode it does not require the battery temperature sensor and can be removed The slave unit sensor may be installed temporarily it does not need to be run through conduit Generator Request Generator Run ynchronize Battery Temp AN Bus ommunication Load Shed Optional Optional Internal Fans Inverter to Inverter Dry Contact 15 Transistor Communication Figure 1 16 Auxiliary Wiring Terminals 33 I
60. info at DSPE_SY range Restart INTERNALO6 Over current Automatic DSP over current detected by acknowledge DSP Restart Derating settings incorrect Cn SIA248U Manual Installation Manual E HN NEC NoMaster NA NA Splitphase configuration no master found on slave device NoSlave NA NA Splitphase configuration no slave found on master device RelayFail Vaclnverter Automatic Relay Failure VacGenreator acknowledge Restart TBatHigh Batlemp gt Batlemp lt Battery temperature too high TBatMax TBatMax 2 C TwoMaster Receive hand Automatic Two master devices in splitohase con shake from acknowledge figuration Master device Restart TwoSlave Receive hand Automatic Two slave devices in splitphase config shake from acknowledge uration slave device Restart VAC VAC gt VAC lt VAC High output voltage VAC Low lt VAC Automatic Low output voltage Min acknowledge Restart VBatHigh VBat gt VBat VBat VBat High battery voltage Max Max VBatLow VBat lt VBat VBat gt VBat Low battery voltage Min Min for 30 sec onds reset Table 1 13 Error Codes 59 Battery Management Battery Management Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island The battery management system allows automatic operation without user interference required of 3 different charging operations e Boost Charge fast charging operation w
61. ith short generator run time for quick battery charge to state of charge of approximately 85 e Full Charge 95 5142480 Manual charging the battery full requiring longer generator run time absorption time at low generator load condition to state of charge of approximately 92 97 e Equalizing Charge equalizing all cells with long generator run time at low load condition to state of charge of approximately 95 100 TcycleEqual days 30 charge througputs N Boost Charge v e Equaliziation Charge V VchargeEqual A V gt M ied sty for TabsorbEqual V Vcharge Boost TcycleFull days or 8 charge throughputs M 4 A 5 104 DUDA lt 5009 jsooge 1104 usb ojnp Jo 05 v Floating Charge V VchargeFloat 2 TcycleEqual days or 16 charge throughputs Full Charge V VchargeFull ke V gt VchargeFull for TabsorbFull Figure 1 24 Battery Management System State Transitions in Back Up Mode 60 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual GridConnected set to GridCharge or GridFeedPV AND BatVoltage gt BatChargeVolt 0 05 V cell gt Battery Management System N bra Silent active f than 12 h nergy Operation lt
62. low the battery manufacturer s safety and installation instruc tions Always wear protective clothing and eye protection when working with the batteries Be sure that the battery enclosure is made from a dielectric corrosion resistant material and is well ventilated e Use the correct cable size for your system Using cables that are too small will create a fire hazard e Ensure that an approved DC disconnect and over current protection is installed between the batteries and inverter s if the inverter is located more than 5 ft away from the batter les SIA248U Manual Installation Manual RFI EMI The Sunny Island 4248U has been tested and complies with the requirements of FCC part 15 rules for Class B digital devices FCC part 15 was written to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference caused by electronic devices in a residential installation The Sunny Island 4248U generates and can radiate radio frequency energy that can cause interference to radio communications if the inverter is not installed according to these instructions Even so there is no way to guarantee that radio interference will not be generated in a given installation If the inverter is found to be causing harmful radio or television interference easily verified by switching the inverter on and off the situation can usually be corrected by implementing one or more of the following Move the equipment being effected further from the inverter
63. meter The Sunny Island 42480 prevents the generator from overloading by reducing the amount of charge current that is drawn from the generator Because a PV system cannot deliver energy at night or during cloudy conditions it is sometimes difficult to maintain the battery voltage a long enough time to complete a Full Charge Equalizing Charge cycle in a single day However the Sunny Island is capable of tracking the absorption time and will continue the process from where it left off when enough power is available to do so 65 Battery Management 66 5142480 Manual SI4248U Manual User Manual Section 2 User Manual Introduction Inverter Description The Sunny Island 4248U is a DC AC inverter and battery charger DC power is converted to AC utility grade power through a single stage high frequency pulse width modulated PWM MOSFET bridge The AC power is filtered to provide safe high fidelity low EMI EMC emission power to the AC loads Excess energy on the AC side is used to recharge the battery in a sophisticated manner ensuring the longest life possible for the batteries Features The Sunny Island 4248U not only provides up to 4200W of continuous true sine wave AC power but is equipped with the latest features and technology to ensure that you get the most from your battery based system Some of the features included are Optimized for high ambient temperature operation Very high efficiency Integrated D
64. n Auto Auto The GenOperation parameter forces the generator Start to react immediately Stop Auto Normal control by Sunny Island is active the Runth display might show or Release Start Generator will be started by the Sunny Island immediately the display will show R Remember to stop the generator when not needed anymore by selecting either Stop or Auto Stop Generator will be stopped by the Sunny Island immediately the display will show S Remember to set the generator back to Auto mode if you want the Sunny Island to take over con trol again Runth Generator will be started immediately and will kept running for one hour the display will show This might be useful in order to conserve bat tery lifetime if you can forsee that the generator can run at rather full capacity within the next hour Afterwards the Sunny Island will switch back to the mode it has been in before If Run1h was selected from Start mode the Sunny Island will switch back to Auto after one hour time Release Aborts the lock time 20 min for the gen erator after a ReversePower failure has occurred SIA248U Manual User Manual Diagnose System Information 31 Range m DeviceConfig Ig EL Lu The DeviceConfig parameter displays the name of ig parameter displays the name o the device FWVers TA The FWVers menu displays the version number of the firmware installed in the inverter SerNum N A N A The
65. n hand to monitor its operation NOTE Both types of generators will generate electrical power reliably but care should be taken when selecting the type of generator to use in your system Seek the advice of a qualified technician if you are unsure 70 SIA248U Manual User Manual Safety WARNING There is an inherent risk of electrical shock or injury to personnel or potential damage to the components to the system when dn on and around electrical equipment Be sure that you have read and understand the safety instructions in the front section of this manual and any other safety documentation provided with other equipment in your system If you are unsure secure the services of a qualified technician Battery Safety Special care should be taken when working around batteries Battery banks contain the potential to deliver extremely large amounts of current when shorted Wires can be melted tools can be welded fires can be started Even small battery banks deserve your utmost respect In addition to the safety instructions in the front section of this manual here are some helpful hints e Read understand and follow the safety instructions provided with your batteries e Always wear safety glasses or goggles gloves and protective clothing when working with batteries Some batteries contain acid that may splash on you or into your eyes e Make sure that the batteries are in a well ventilated area Batteries give off explosive ga
66. n and safety reasons Mount the inverter off to one side of the battery bank or perhaps on the other side of the same wall if convenient The following diagram shows possible mounting locations Figure 1 7 WARNING NEC Article 110 26 clearance requirements may be violated if the inverter is mounted directly over the battery enclosure WARNING If the inverter is mounted in a separate room from the batteries there must be an additional DC disconnect mounted inside the room containing the batteries Over current protection at the battery location for the nae aim the batteries and the inverter is also required when the batteries are in a separate room from the inverter or more than about 5 feet away E Do Not Mount Here May violate NEC 110 26 OK OK Battery Bank Mounting in same room with the battery bank Wall 5142480 Battery Room DC Disconnect Over current Protection Battery Bank Mounting on opposite side of the wall from the battery bank Mounting Locations SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Mounting Method The Sunny Island 4248U was designed to be wall mounted in a vertical position Drywall or wallboard is not strong enough to support the weight of the Sunny Island 4248U by itself Do not attempt to install the inverter on wallboard without additional support The inverter can be mounted on a single wall stud provided
67. n the last boost charge and the next full charge cycle TcycleEqual 7 E di The TcycleEqual parameter selects the number of days between the last boost charge and the next equalize charge Bus M Rodi pe of charge generator start M bn O 100 ll of charge load shedding 76 SOCLim3 0 20 State of charge system shutdown C Generator Settings 24 Range a o Nome GenContro Manual Manual The GenContro parameter selects the type of gen Direct erator control to be used with your system GenMan Manual Manual start type or no generator con nected Direct Two wire start generator connected to the dry contacts in the inverter GenMan GenMan option installed AmpacGen 2 60 The AmpGenMax Parameter should be set to about Max AAC 85 of the maximum AC current of your genera tor In Charge Mode the Sunny Island 4248U will then limit the total current loads in the system Sunny Island to this value in order to prevent the generator from stalling Note If the load in the system is above this value in Voltage Mode the Sunny Island 4248U will not switch to Charge Mode for the same reason 52 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Range GenOperation Auto The GenOperation parameter forces the generator to react immediately Auto Normal control by Sunny Island is active the display might show or Start Generator will be started by the Sunny Island immediately t
68. nstallation 5142480 Manual AC Wiring Begin the AC wiring by connecting the equipment ground conductor green or bare to the PE terminal followed by the neutral conductor white to the N terminal and finally the line conductor black to the L terminal If your system is equipped with a generator connect the incoming AC wires from the generator in the same order as above If your system will use the utility grid be sure the AC source is safely disconnected and then connect the wires in the same order as above Typical color coding for AC connections are e Line hot ungrounded conductor Black Neutral grounded conductor White e Equipment Grounding Conductor Bare green or green with yellow stripes Er die Poste AC OUTPUT AC INPUT DC Ground Negative 7 Figure 1 17 AC Load and Generator Wiring 34 SIA248U Manual DC Wiring Installation Manual WARNING To reduce the risk of shock injury or equipment damage make certain that the internal inverter DC disconnect has been switched OFF and any external DC disconnect switched OFF or the DC battery cables are disconnected from the battery before attempting to attach or remove the DC input cables to the inverter
69. nverter 11 4 Paclnverter 12 1 BatVoltage 12 2 BatCurrent 12 3 BatTemp 12 4 BatState 12 5 BatChargeMode 12 6 TabsorbLeft 13 1 VacGenerator 13 2 AmpacGenerator 13 3 FacGenerator 13 4 PacGenerator 21 Password Settings 22 Inverter Settings 23 Battery Settings 24 Generator Settings 21 1 Level 00 22 1 VacNominal 22 2 FacNominal 23 1 VdcBatNominal 23 2 BatType 23 3 AmpHoursBat 23 4 AmpdcBatMax 24 1 GenControl 24 2 AmpacGenMax 24 3 GenOperation 31 System Information 32 Error Information 31 1 DeviceConfig 31 2 FWVERS 31 3 SerNum 31 4 RunTime 32 1 Last 32 2 Hist Figure 2 6 User Level Menu Map 40 1 BatChargeMode 40 2 Autostart 77 User Menu Guide 5142480 Manual User Menu Guide The following tables contain information on each of the menu items available to the user in the Sunny Island 4248U There are other items in the Sunny Island 4248U that are visible to the user but the following items are those which do not require a password to change Some items display information meters where others are operating parameters and can be changed Please be careful when setting parameters as incorrect settings may cause undesirable operation of the inverter Once the second inverter is switched to slave mode all main functions for the two inverters will appear only on the master display All info
70. ode Boost Full Equalize Manual ride the Auto charge mode of the inverter Auto Inverter maintains charge automatically Selecting any of the other modes will automatically place the inverter into that mode For example if you wanted to perform an equalize charge on your flooded batteries you would select Equalize in this menu to put the inverter into equalize mode For details about the special charge modes see Battery Management on page 88 Manual For future use Please do not select Autostart Off The Autostart parameter allows the inverter to start On automatically whenever DC power is applied to it or a fault has been detected up 10 times If AutoStart is OFF the inverter will always have to be started manually ParameterSet 1200 The BaudRate parameter selects the baud rate that the Sunny Island 4248U will use to communicate with external devices None The ParameterSet parameter allows the current set of parameters to be saved or a saved set of param eters to be loaded Select None to operate the inverter with the current set of parameters Select Save to save the current set of parameters When the system is operating optimally it is a good idea to save that set of parameters This is particularly useful when experimenting and the inverter needs to be restored to the previous set tings Select Load to load the saved set of parameters into the Sunny Island 4248U Splitphase
71. ong as the generator is running The user has the opportunity to force starting and stopping of the generator in differ ent ways see Generator Settings 24 page 82 Note In case of a ReversePower failure the generator will be locked for 20 minutes The lock time can be aborted manually see chapter Generator Settings 24 on page 82 Fault Detection Whenever the Sunny Island 4248U detects a fault it will display the error code on the home screen for 10 seconds and then restart if AutoStart is enabled If the error is not acknowledged within that time and the fault was not one that caused the inverter to shut down an E for Error will be displayed in the lower right of the home screen to notify the user that an error has occurred This E will remain visible until the fault is viewed by the user in the error menu After the error has been viewed the E will be cleared from the home screen The inverter maintains a log of the 10 most recent errors in the Error History menu This menu is preserved when the inverter is powered down and is only cleared when performing a total system reset The inverter will detect the fault without acknowledgement up to 9 times and still continue to operate Provided the error type does not result in the shut down of the inverter On the 10th error detection without acknowledgement the inverter will shut down and remain shut down until the error is viewed by the user Relay Status Load
72. or N A The FacGenerator menu displays the AC frequency at the inverter generator input PacGenerator 0 20 N A The PacGenerator menu displays the AC power at KWAC the inverter generator input Settings Inverter Settings 22 Range VacNominal 105 130 The VacNominal parameter sets the nominal output parameter sets the nominal output VAC voltage of the inverter FacNominal 55 65 The FacNominal parameter sets the nominal output Hz frequency of the inverter Battery Settings 23 Range a a VdcBatNomi 42 48 The VdcBatNominal parameter sets the nominal parameter sets the nomina nal VDC operating voltage of the inverter BatType n VRLA The BatType parameter selects the type of battery used in the system VRLA Valve Regulated Lead Acid FLA Flooded Lead Acid This parameter needs to be set when the inverter is first commissioned Once the system is configured this parameter can only be changed after selecting Reset in NewBattery 23 5 50 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Range 2 EMI IJ Deseipton AmpHoursBat 100 100 The BatCapacity parameter sets the total amp hour 6000 capacity of the battery bank This parameter needs Ah to be set when the inverter is first commissioned Once the system is configured this parameter can only be changed after selecting in New Battery 23 5 AmpdcBatMax 0 100 30 The AmpdcBatMax paramete
73. other wall brace Place the mounting bracket in position and using the bracket as a template mark the mounting holes for the bracket on the wall braces Drill pilot holes in the wall braces Mount bracket to the wall braces using at least three 1 4 x 3 inch lag bolts with washers Verify that the threaded screw at the bottom of the bracket is removed With assistance lift the inverter onto the mounting bracket and secure it by fastening the threaded screw through the tab on the bottom edge of the inverter Verify that the inverter is securely mounted in place before proceeding SIA248U Manual Figure 1 10 Mounting With 2x4 Braces Installation Manual 2x4 Supports Spaced 11 5 8 apart spanning 3 wall studs Wall studs spaced 16 on center Installation 5142480 Manual Mounting with Plywood IS NOTE To mount the inverter with plywood a sheet of 3 4 plywood should used Do not use laminated pressboard or MDF etc Locate the wall studs and mark their location on the wall Locate desired height of inverter remembering to keep the user interface near eye level Use a level to draw the horizontal lines across three studs Place the sheet of plywood on the location marked making sure the long edge of the sheet is horizontal and drill pilot holes through the plywood and the studs Mount the sheet of plywood to the wall using 10 wood screws that penetrate a minimum of 1 1 2 into the wall studs Place the mounting bracke
74. ouped according to function This helps keep the wires for the different options together and makes for a more organized wiring compartment 68 SIA248U Manual User Manual Sunny Island Applications Off Grid Stand Alone Systems By definition off grid or stand alone systems are systems where electrical power is generated and stored without assistance from the utility grid These systems typically consist of one or more power generation sources such as a PV array a wind generator a hydro electric generator a gas powered generator Typically there is a need to store the power that is generated Without a storage method power would only be available when one or more of the generating devices were active i e when the sun was shining for a PV array or when the wind was blowing for a wind generator Batteries are the most common device used for power storage The size and type of batteries used depends greatly on the system power requirements Because many of the loads that will be powered by the system require AC power as opposed to DC power an inverter is needed to change the DC voltage to an AC voltage that can be used by the AC loads This is exactly what the Sunny Island 4248U was designed to do The Sunny Island 4248U can also function as a battery charger for charging the battery bank This mode operates by connecting an AC power source to the inverter s AC power input The AC power source could be a gas powered generator or
75. ow set point the inverter will open the load shed relay contacts This relay can be connected directly to loads or to other relays to shut off no critical loads during a low battery condition Generator Control The Sunny Island 4248U has the ability to control back up generators automatically The Sunny Island 4248U can operate two wire gen start circuits with the G REQ relay alone When the generator is needed this contact is closed Two wire start generators will start at this time and the inverter will use its power to charge the batteries and power loads When the generator is no longer required the relay contacts are opened and the generator will stop NOTE This two wire system is not directly compatible with any three wire starting gt systems such those used by Honda and Onan Damage to the generator or the Sunny Island 4248U may result if a three wire start system connection is made The operation of other types of generators with three wire start systems is accomplished through the use of the optional GenMan generator management device The GenMan unit if required would also connect to the G REQ terminals The GenMan is available from SMA America or your local supplier LONE LOAD_S Load Load Relay LL CLI XII N C G_REQ Generator Start LOAD S Load Relay Common G REQ Generator Start Relay Common Table 1 2 Load Shed and Generator Relay Connections 29 Installation 5142480 Manual
76. pensation NOTE The battery temperature sensor must be connected for the inverter to function properly If it is not connected the inverter generates an error that can not be cleared until the battery temperature sensor Is connected The Sunny Island 4248U is equipped with fans to help maintain efficiency during high loads or high ambient temperatures Power for the fans is provided here Also the external battery temperature sensor is connected here to monitor the battery temperature and make adjustments to the charge level accordingly FAN Positive Positive power lead of the fans 0 lead Positive power lead the fans EI 2 Battery temperature sensor lead 2 FAN Negative power lead of the fans TBAT 1 Battery temperature sensor lead 1 Table 1 5 Auxiliary Fans and Battery Temperature Sensor 27 Installation 5142480 Manual Serial Port The Serial Port is used to communicate with external metering devices such as the Sunny Boy Control Use of this port requires that the optional communications Piggy Back unit be installed This port can be configured for RS485 or RS232 formats 7 e Ted Table 1 6 Serial Port Controller Area Network CAN The CAN connections are used when two Sunny Island 4248U s are used in split phase configuration Please see the split phase section of this manual for further details _ SHIELD Communication cable shield CAN_H CAN Bus High C GND CAN Bus Common L CAN B
77. r sets the DC charge ADC current limit to the batteries NewBattery The NewBattery parameter resets the battery history stored in the inverter Only reset this if replacing your battery bank with new batteries Selecting Reset will lead to a restart of the Sunny Island 4248U This is intended TabsorbBoost 1 600 The TabsorbBoost parameter adjusts the length of min time in which the inverter will charge the batteries in 60 boost charge mode VchargeBoost 44 62 4 The VchargeBoost parameter adjusts the high VDC voltage setpoint used for charging in the boost 8 charge mode TabsorbEqual 1 1200 The TabsorbEqual parameter adjusts the length of min time the inverter will charge the batteries in equalize charge mode VchargeEqual 44 62 4 The VchargeEqual parameter adjusts the high VDC voltage setpoint used when charging in equalize 8 charge mode TabsorbFull 1 1200 The TabsorbFull parameter adjusts the duration of min the absorbtion charge mode VchargeFull 44 62 4 The VchargeFull parameter adjusts the high voltage VDC setpoint at which the inverter considers the bank fully charged VchargeFloat 44 62 4 54 The VchargeFloat parameter adjusts the voltage at VDC which the inverter will floatcharge the battery bank Installer Level Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Range TeycleFull eFu pi The TcycleFull parameter selects the number of days TcycleFull parameter selects the number o betwee
78. rmation that appears on the slave display should be disregarded as it will behave differently while the inverter performs slave only functions IS NOTE It is recommended that you record the value of every parameter change in the margin of these pages for future reference Meters Inverter Meters 11 Range Nemo JA M Vadhnverter 0 300 N A The Vaclnverter menu displays the The Vaclnverter menu displays the AC output oper output oper VAC ating voltage of the inverter 70 N A The Ampaclnverter menu displays the output current of the inverter Faclnverter ni hi N A The Faclnverter menu displays the operating fre quency of the AC output N A The Paclnverter menu displays the operating power of the AC ouput Ampaclnverter 78 SIA248U Manual User Manual Battery Meters 12 Range EN JA M The BatVoltage menu displays the battery voltage VDC BatCurrent 200 N A The BatCurrent menu displays the DC current 200 ADC BatTemp 40 The BatTemp menu displays the battery tempera ture BatState Battery state BMS The BatState menu displays the current state of charge of the batteries BatCharge The BatChargeMode menu displays the charging Mode mode of the inverter For detailed information about charge modes see chapter Battery Management on page 60 will be shown on Slaves in Split Phase Mode Equalize TabsorbLef O Max eem charge mode has a dedicated absorption min time
79. s requesting that the generator be switched on Direct The Direct setting is used when the generator is a two wire start type that can be started by the closing of a relay The two wire start circuit would be wired to the G_REQ relay terminals In Direct mode the generator will be started automatically be the Sunny Island when A2 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual a low battery voltage condition exists The generator can also be started manually by changing the GenOperation parameter to START The generator can then be stopped manually by setting the GenOperation parameter to STOP or by returning it to AUTO NOTE Leaving the GenOperation parameter in the STOP position will not allow the Sunny Island to operate the generator automatically If automatic control is desired set the GenOperation parameter to AUTO GenMan The GenMan is an optional unit that may be purchased through your SMA supplier The GenMan provides the additional functionality required by generators that are more complex and need more than a two wire connection to operate The GenMan provides the additional connections as well as warm up and cool down functionality See the GenMan manual for more details Set the GenControl parameter to GenMan if a GenMan unit is connected to the Sunny Island NOTE When a GenMan unit is used manual control of the generator may be accomplished through the control on the GenMan unit in addition to the GenOperation parameter in the
80. s through the use of the optional Communication Piggy Back unit This enables the inverter to communicate in either the RS 232 or RS 485 formats A variety of communication options are available to connect multiple Sunny Island 4248U s together or combine other SMA products on the same communication bus For customers desiring remote access to the Sunny Island 4248U various modems and Ethernet options are also available Local access to the Sunny Island 4248U is a simple wire connection between a PC and the Sunny Island 4248U The Sunny Data application and a MS Windows PC are necessary to communicate with the Sunny Island 4248U from local or remote locations Sunny Data is available free of charge on the SMA America web site www sma america com 20 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual The Sunny Island 4248U also supports the automatic operation of 2 wire start generators as a standard feature The optional GenMan unit enables the inverter to operate multiple wire start generators The GenMan option is available from your local distributor dealer Manual start type generators may also be used The terminal blocks are grouped according to function This helps keep the wires for the different options together and makes for a more organized wiring compartment Conductor Types and Sizes Generator AC Input The inverter can accept and pass through up to 56 Amps from an external generator Per the NEC a factor of 1 25 must be applie
81. ses which can detonate if allowed to accumulate Always keep the battery area free of sparks or open flames Make sure that an approved DC disconnect and over current device is used between the battery bank and any equipment 71 User Interface Functionality 5142480 Manual User Interface Functionality The functions modes parameters and historical data within the Sunny Island 4248U are displayed and accessed through the user interface menu system To navigate to the different menus throughout the interface you will use the arrow keys and both the ESC and ENTER keys The functionality for each of the components found in the user interface area of the inverter is described in the table below Component Functionality DC Disconnect Switches inverter on and off In order to definitely switch ott the inverter also disconnect all connections on the AC side 2 Line Display Displays status parameters historical data and errors Red Indicator Light Activates when inverter detects a fault when stopped or derating Table 2 1 Sunny Island 4248U User Interface Component Functionality DC Disconnect red t Eg EE green 7 2 Line Display Indicator Navigation Keys Lights Figure 2 3 User Interface The following table outlines the key functions Function Cancel Answer NO Move up one menu leve Scroll Upward Increase Value DOWN Arrow Scroll Downward Decrease Value ENTER Select Function Select Value Confirm
82. sland 4248U is designed to work with a negatively grounded DC electrical system The inverter does not make the negative conductor to ground bond and this connection must be made external to the inverter From the external DC bonding point a DC GEC must be run to 1 a DC grounding system that is bonded to the AC grounding system or 2 directly to the AC grounding system See NEC 250 If a PV array is mounted on the roof of a dwelling NEC 690 5 requires that a ground fault protection device be installed which will modify the DC system grounding instructions presented above Follow the manufacturer s instructions when installing this device The size of the GEC will be between 8 AWG and 4 AWG depending on the type of grounding electrode used see NEC 250 166 AC LOAD CENTER Equipment Ground Grounding Electrode or Grounding Electrode System Figure 1 12 AC System and Equipment Grounding 24 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Auxiliary Wiring This section contains information on the auxiliary wiring terminal blocks and their functionality More detailed information regarding the setup of the different parameters for these functions can be found in following sections Automatic Load Shedding The Sunny Island 4248U is capable of shutting off specified loads automatically if a low battery condition is present The relay that controls those loads is connected to the NC contact terminals When the battery voltage reaches a l
83. staller Level Menu Guide 5142480 Manual Installer Level Menu Guide The following tables contain information on each of the menu items which are intended to be modified only by the installer A guide to the menu items available to the user is found in the user s section of this manual Some items display information where others are operating parameters and can be changed Please use caution when setting parameters as incorrect settings may cause undesirable operation of the inverter Once the second inverter is switched to slave mode all main functions for the two inverters will appear only on the master display All information that appears on the slave display should be disregarded as it will behave differently while the inverter performs slave only functions NOTE It is recommended that you record the value of any parameter change in the margin of these pages for future reference Installer level parameter changes should only be performed by qualified personnel Meters Inverter Meters 11 Range Li Name ee Vaclnverter 0 300 N A The Vaclnverter menu displays the AC output oper VAC ating voltage of the inverter Ampaclnverter 70 N A The Ampaclnverter menu displays the output current 70 of the inverter AAC Faclnverter 45 70 N A TheFaclnverter menu displays the operating fre Hz quency of the AC output Paclnverter TrfTemp heat sink C A8 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual
84. t caused the generator start Refer to the following two tables for details w NN Indicates that the generator input voltage and frequency are within the limits set by parameters 24 4 to 24 8 Indicates that the generator input voltage and frequency are outside of the limits set by parameters 24 4 to 24 8 The maximum reverse power limit as determined by the value of PGen Reverse has been exceeded and the generator function locked out for 20 minutes Table 1 11 Generator Power Quality Icons 44 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual e T The generator has been activated by the Run1H parameter The gener ator will run for an hour and then stop automatically The battery management system has requested that the generator start S GenRequest was manually set to START The generator will NOT stop automatically The generator was started by an external source manually at the generator Table 1 12 Generator Activation Icons Sunny Boy Set Up NOTE When using Sunny Boy inverters together with the Sunny Island 4248U it gt is recommended that the battery bank contain at least 100 Amp hours of capacity 1000 W of PV modules installed For example if there is a pair of SB2500U inverters and 5 kW of PV the minimum recommended battery capacity would be 500 Amp hours Off Grid Systems If you re using Sunny Boy inverters in the system you will need to set the Sunny Island 4248U to interface with the
85. t in position and using the bracket as a template making sure the bracket is level mark the mounting holes for the bracket on the plywood Drill pilot holes in the plywood Mount the bracket to the plywood using at least three 1 4 x 1 1 2 inch lag bolts with washers Verify that the threaded screw at the bottom of the bracket is removed With assistance lift the inverter onto the mounting bracket and secure it by fastening the threaded screw through the tab on the bottom edge of the inverter Verify that the inverter is securely mounted in place before proceeding SIA248U Manual Installation Manual 3 4 inch plywood spanning 3 wall studs Wall studs spaced 16 on center Figure 1 11 Mounting With Sheet of Plywood Installation 5142480 Manual System Configuration The system installer and the user or owner of the system should discuss the various configurations that are possible with the Sunny Island 4248U and decide which options will be installed and connected The system configuration will significantly affect how the inverter is connected and set up to work harmoniously with the other components in the system Off Grid Stand Alone Systems By definition off grid or stand alone systems are systems where electrical power is generated and stored without assistance from the utility grid These systems typically consist of one or more power generation sources such as a PV array a wind generator a hydro electric generator a
86. te eeu aa 2 E E 4 iets 6 SS foi ETT 11 Mounting 12 System Configuration 18 Conductor Types and Sizes 20 Auxiliary Wiring 24 Wiring Instructions 28 ee eee eee 36 COMMISSIONING 38 Generator Set 42 Sunny Boy Set 45 Sunny Island 42480 47 Installer Level Menu Guide 48 INTEL Bie eves A8 50 DIGNOS e oio races 55 ics are are aa OR CR a ace ee 56 Troubleshooting 58 Battery 60 Charging Operations used by the Sunny Island 60 Generator Load Shedding Control and Battery State of Charge 62 How to set up State of Charge Limits 64 User Manual 67 Introduction 67 User Interface Overview 68 ONIONS a aues v UE UE i aiar 68 Sunny Island Applications 69 Off Grid Stand Alone Systems 69 Back Up Systems 69 e 70
87. ter one hour the Sunny Island would return to STOP A3 Commissioning 5142480 Manual Release The Sunny Island contains circuitry that prevents power from being fed back into the generator If this condition is detected by the Sunny Island it shuts off the generator and then locks the generator out for 20 minutes This 20 minute wait time can be cancelled by selecting Release GridConnected The GridConnected parameter tells the Sunny Island if there is a utility grid present and if so what role it will play It also tells the Sunny Island wether the power source connected to the AC input is a generator or the utility grid It has three possible settings GridNone GridCharge and GridFeedPV GridNone Set GridConnected to GridNone if there is a generator connected to the AC input of the Sunny Island GridCharge Set GridConnected to GridCharge when the utility grid is connected to the AC input of the Sunny Island IS NOTE When setting GridConnected to GridCharge make sure that GenControl is set to Manual and that GenOperation is set to Auto GridFeedPV Use the GridFeedPV setting when grid connected Sunny Boys are present in the system NOTE When selecting GridFeedPV make sure that GenControl is set to Manual gt and that GenOperation is set to Auto Generator Status Displays The Sunny Island 4248U display a variety of symbols to indicate the status and quality of the power being produced as well as the condition tha
88. that three 1 4 inch lag bolts with washers are used and provided that the lag screws are long enough to penetrate the stud to a depth of 1 1 2 inches For additional support the Sunny Island 4248U may be mounted to 2 x 4 braces Uni Strut or a sheet of plywood that is secured to the building support structure Clearances Air is drawn into the bottom of the inverter and exits through the sides near the top of the enclosure To maintain proper air flow a distance of 6 inches must be maintained on the sides of the inverter and a distance of 4 inches should be maintained on top of the inverter All wire terminations will be made through the bottom of the enclosure therefore a minimum of 3 feet of clearance should be maintained below the inverter For best viewing of the LCD display mount the inverter so that the display will be near eye level To help accomplish this position the mounting bracket so that the top edge is approximately 8 above eye level Figure 1 8 Recommended Clearances for the Sunny Island 4248U Preparation 5142480 Manual User Interface Overview The following illustration shows the names and locations of the components that make up the Sunny Island 4248U s user interface DC Disconnect 2 Line Display Indicator Navigation Keys Lights SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Installation WARNING The Sunny Island 4248U is extremely heavy and it is recommended that the installer obtain assistance from anoth
89. tion Manual DC Input Circuit Battery to Inverter WARNING The Sunny Island 4248U is designed to operate at a nominal voltage of 48 V DC Verify with a volt meter that the battery bank is wired correctly for 48 V DC prior to connecting the inverter NOTE All electrical installation must be done in accordance with the local and National Electrical Code ANSI NFPA 70 The maximum continuous DC current of the Sunny Island 4248U is 100 A DC IS NOTE The recommended length for the DC battery cables is lt 10 ft and should not exceed 20 feet The Sunny Island 4248U comes equipped with a 175 A DC circuit breaker which allows for improved transient surge capability The battery conductors must be sized in accordance with this circuit breaker and should be sized at 2 0 AWG which has a rating of 175 A at 30 C Paralleled smaller cables having a total ampacity of 175 A can also be used For example two 1 0 AWG THHN conductors connected in parallel would have a total ampacity of 240 A at 30 C and four 1 0 AWG conductors will fit in1 1 2 trade size conduit TSC Do not use USE XHHW or RHW insulated cables as they will exceed conduit fill ratings For higher ambient operating temperatures larger conductors may be required The Sunny Island 4248U will accept two 2 0 AWG conductors for both positive and negative DC inputs Refer to the NEC for more information If the batteries are located more than about 5 feet from the inverter or in
90. uld result in serious injury and or damage to the equipment j This symbol appears beside instructions and warnings that deal with dangerous voltages that can injure people who come in contact with them Warnings WARNING A Warning describes a hazard to equipment or personnel It calls attention to a procedure or practice which if not correctly id acidi or adhered to could oat in damage to or destruction of part or all of the SMA equipment and or other equipment connected to the SMA equipment or personal injury Warnings may also be accompanied by one or more of the safety and hazard symbols described above to indicate the type of hazard described therein Other Symbols In addition to the safety and hazard symbols described previously the following symbol is also used in this Installation Guide This symbol accompanies notes that call attention to supplementary information gt that you should know to ensure optimal operation of the system 5142480 Installation Guide Warranty All Sunny Island 4248U inverters sold in the USA have a five year warranty as indicated on the warran card included in the shipping container For warranty coverage or if you have questions about the Sunn Island 4248U warranty contact SMA America at the address teleohone number or Web site listed on page iii to send E mail see the Contact section of the SMA America Web site www sma america com gt D gt gt gt gt gt
91. us Low Table 1 7 Controller Area Network 28 SIA248U Manual Installation Manual Wiring Instructions Conduit Begin by installing conduits in the appropriate holes in the bottom of the inverter Da NOTE All conduit used should be metallic EMT NOTE All DC conduit from the inverter to the battery should be metallic to meet US FCC and European EN electromagnetic radiation requirements See RFI EMI statement page 5 WARNING Any unused holes must be filled by an appropriate hole plug to meet NEC and listing requirements before the inverter is turned on There is one 1 1 2 trade size conduit TSC hole for the DC conductors from the battery one 3 4 TSC hole for the AC output wiring and one 3 4 TSC hole for the AC wiring from the generator Four 1 2 TSC holes are provided for auxiliary and communication wiring They are to be used as needed depending on the options installed All unused holes must be plugged with an approved device 3 4 TSC hole 3 4 TSC hole for 1 2 TSC hole for aux 1 1 2 TSC for output wiring AC wiring communica DC conductors tion wiring 29 Installation 5142480 Manual Torque Specifications Torque all terminations to the following values Terminal Torque Value DC Positive 35 50 ft lbs DC Negative Equipment Ground AC Power In Out 18 35 in lbs Auxiliary Communication 4 in lbs Table 1 8 Torque Specifications
92. y contact Generator Ready isolated input Load Shed N C dry contact Max Voltage G_Req Load_S see Figure 1 14 Max Current G_Req Load_S see Figure 1 14 Table 1 1 Sunny Island 4248U Specifications E Figure 1 2 Sunny Island 4248U Efficiency Curve Figure 1 3 Sunny Island 4248U Output Power Curves Safety 5142480 Manual Safety Safety Features The Sunny Island 4248U is equipped with several safety related components Some of the safety features included are Built in DC disconnect AC input current limiting to protect generator Automatic fan control Over and under voltage monitoring of both AC and DC voltages Input and output AC frequency monitoring Generator relay failure detection Over temperature protection WARNING There is an inherent risk of electrical shock or injury to personnel or potential damage to the components of the system when working on and around electrical equipment Be sure that you have read and understand the safety instructions in the front section of this manual and any other safety documentation provided with other equipment in your system before beginning installation Battery Safety Special care should be taken when working around batteries Battery banks have the potential to deliver extremely large amounts of current when shorted Wires can melt tools can be welded fires can start Even small battery banks deserve your utmost respect e Read understand and fol

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