ATARI 1450XL HOME COMPUTER INTEGRAL DISK
Contents
1. Pointer to the handler s 128 byte buffer SECTOR NUMBER Sector number to be written Several DCB parameters will be altered upon return from a PUT SECTOR WITH VERIFY command The only parameter of interest to the handler will be the STATUS BYTE STATUS REQUEST The driver shall obtain a four byte status from the disk controller and put the status in the handler supplied buffer system location DVSTAT 02EA The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling SIOV are e DEVICE ID 31 e DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 53 e STATUS BYTE 40 e BUFFER ADDRESS 02ea The STATUS BYTE shall be the only DCB parameter of interest to the handler upon return The four byte status format shall be BYTE 1 DISK STATUS Value indicates an invalid command frame was received BIT 1 1 indicates an invalid data frame was received BIT 2 1 indicates an operation was unsuccessful BIT 3 1 indicates the diskette is write protected BIT 4 1 indicates drive is active BITS 5 7 100 indicates single density format BITS 5 7 101 indicates double density format BYTE 2 DISK CONTROLLER HARDWARE STATUS This byte shall contain the inverted value of the disk controller hardware status register as of the last operation The hardware status value for no errors shall be FF A zero in any bit position shall indicate an error The definition of the bit positions shall be BIT Va2. to do after the command frame is sent and acknowledged This parameter is set up by the handler Valid codes are 00 No data transfer is associated with the operation e 40 A data frame is expected from the disk 80 A data frame is to be sent to the device Indicates status of the command upon return to the handler This parameter is set up by the driver Possible status codes are e 01 Operation complete no errors 80 BREAK key abort e 8A Device timeout e 8B Device NAK e 8F Checksum error e 90 Device done error BUFFER ADDRESS DBUFLO 0304 amp DBUFHI 0305 Two byte pointer containing the address of the source or destination of the disk sector or status data These parameters are set up by the handler DISK TIMEOUT VALUE DTIMLO 0306 Timeout value in whole seconds used by the driver This parameter is supplied by the handler BYTE COUNT DBYTLO 0308 amp DBYTHI 0309 Number of bytes transferred to or from the disk as a result of the most recent command These parameters are set up by the handler SECTOR NUMBER DAUX1 030A amp DAUX2 030B Disk sector number to be read or to be written These parameters are set up by the handler and contain the least significant byte in DAUX1 and the most significant byte in DAUX2 The range of sector numbers shall be 1 720 single density 1 1040 double density small mode or 1 2080 double density large mode 6 3 2 2 Standard Disk Dri
3. 1450XL Home Computer 3 4 view FIGURE 5 02 Integral Disk Drive Mechanical Details 6 SOFTWARE EXTERNAL REFERENCE SPECIFICATION This section is a copy of the SOFTWARE EXTERNAL REFERENCE SPECIFICATION prepared by HCD Software Engineering dated 5 20 83 It has been renumbered from the original to match this document References to the computer have also been changed for consistency throughout this document 6 1 Purpose 6 1 1 Introduction and Product Description This document is the reference specification for the software interfaces to be used by applications programs and the operating system to control the Integral Disk s The Integral Disk Drive is a built in peripheral which connects to the ATARI 1450XL Home Computer by means of the Parallel Bus Interface PBI The integral disk drive is capable of operating in two size modes For the sake of clarity within this document these modes will be referred to as large and small mode The large mode addresses the disk as a single logical entity with two physical sides The small mode addresses the disk as two logical entities one per physical side of the disk The Integral Disk Handler is responsible for all physical accesses to the integral disk The unit of data transfer for this handler is a single disk sector containing 128 bytes of data 6 1 2 Consumer Profile The user of this product will be the disk handler contained within the operating system and within DOS FMS
4. 3 5 0 Packaging Requirements None specified 6 3 6 0 Special Requirements None specified
5. 6 1 3 Interface With Other Products The Integral Disk Handler is an input output peripheral performing no actions without instructions from an applications program Applications programs will access the Integral Disk Driver indirectly through CIO or through PIO SIO calls The Integral Disk Drive uses COMMAND BYTE B1 and B2 for internal use These COMMAND BYTES may not be used by any other drivers 6 1 4 Family of Products The Integral Disk Handler belongs to the Systems family of products 6 2 Applicable Documents e SURELY External Reference Specification Revision 2 Scott Scheiman Rick Nordin 4 8 83 1050 Disk Drive Product Specification George Nishiura Atari Part Number CO61272 dated 3 8 83 ATARI Personal Computer System Operating System User s Manual November 1980 6 3 Requirements 6 3 1 Interfaces 6 3 1 1 Physical Requirements The Integral Disk Driver shall masked into 2K bytes D800 DFFF on the 1450 CPU board On power up the 1450 will apply power to the disk drive s only if the door to drive 1 is open The disk driver shall display an informational message wording TBD to the user directing him to insert a disk in drive 1 and shut the door Upon closing the door to drive 1 the driver shall perform a disk boot 6 3 1 2 Logical Requirements The driver shall be switched into the floating point address space of the Operating System when required by the Operating System The driver shall use RA
6. ATARI 1450XL HOME COMPUTER INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATION WPSSPL Version 2 8 5 Spooling device DRB1 June 19 1984 02 25 PM Atari Inc Printing document INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPEC prelim ATARI 1450XL HOME COMPUTER INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATION C062063 Preliminary Table of Contents ATARI 1450XL HOME COMPUTER INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATION e INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPEC prelim ATARI 1450XL HOME COMPUTER INTEGRAL DISK DRIVE SPECIFICATION FIGURES 5 01 ATARI 1450XL Home Computer 3 4 view 5 02 Integral Disk Drive Mechanical Details 1 0 INTRODUCTION This document details the engineering design specifications for the integral Disk Drive of the ATARI 1450XL Home Compu ter It is the major information transfer document for the transfer of information from the Hardware and Software Devel opment groups to Manufacturing Design Assurance and Appli cations Software organizations It covers all aspects of the Disk Drive either directly or indirectly by reference to ap plicable documents 2 0 RELEVANT DOCUMENTS e ATARI 600XL Home Computer Product Specification C06161 1 ATARI Single Density Floppy Diskette Specification CO16884 ATARI Double Density Floppy Diskette Specification CO16890 e ATARI 1050 Disk Drive Specification C061272 e ATARI Personal Computer System Operating System User s Manual e Tandon TM50 2 Product Specification and User s Manual e Parallel Bus Interface PBI Specificatio
7. M for input and output buffers variables for communicating with the user and internal variables Internal variables shall be in TBD permanently allocated in the OS database for use by this driver User communication variables shall be the system DCB The default mode of the integral disk shall be small mode two logical sides per disk All parallel devices in the system must be in the same mode The SET MODE command shall be used to change the mode and all parallel devices shall change mode at the same time 6 3 1 3 Man Machine Interface During a COLD START the driver will initialize the disks to small mode During WARM START the driver will determine the current mode and will maintain that mode 6 3 2 Functional Description 6 3 2 1 Device Control Block Communication between the Integral Disk Driver and the disk handler shall be by means of the system DCB The DCB is be 12 bytes long The disk handler must supply the required DCB parameters and execute a JSR to SIOV E459 DEVICE ID DDEVIC 0300 Device ID for the disk drives shall be 31 This parameter is set up by the handler DEVICE NUMBER DUNIT 0301 Disk drive number to be accessed 1 icon_cool gif This parameter is set up by the handler COMMAND BYTE DCOMND 0302 Disk drive command to be performed see para 3 2 2 This parameter is set up by the handler or by the user if the user calls PIO SIO directly STATUS BYTE DSTATS 0303 Indicates to PIO what
8. eed variation ISV of plus or minus 3 percent The motor start time shall be 1 second maximum The seek time track to track shall be 20 milliseconds The head settling time shall be 20 milliseconds with an average track access time including head settling time of 287 milliseconds lt gt The recording mode is FM Single Density and MFM double density The data transfer rate shall be 250 000 bits per second double density Flux reversals per inch FRPI on the inside track shall be 5 535 for side 0 and 5 877 for side 1 The unformatted recording capacity shall be 520 800 bytes per diskette 4 3 Reliability 4 3 1 Error Rates Exclusive of external sources such as electronic equipment and defective or contaminated diskettes e Recoverable soft errors 1 10 9 bits e Recoverable hard errors 1 10 12 bits e Seek Errors 1 10 6 seeks 4 3 2 MTBF and MTTR MTBF 8 000 hours 25 percent duty cycle e MTTR 30 minutes These are Tandon s figures 4 4 Compliances UL for power UL for fan 4 5 Electrical Performance 12 volts DC plus or minus 0 6 volt 1 3 amperes maximum surge for 50 mulliseconds 800 milliamps average 5 volts DC plus or minus 0 25 volt at 800 milliamps maximum with less than 100 millivolts peak to peak ripple 5 INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS 5 1 Package and Appearance The ATARI 1450XL Home Computer Integral Disk Drive will be a low profile that will be installed at the t
9. er of interest to the handler upon return shall be the STATUS BYTE DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC IN The driver shall command the disk controller to perform a diagnostic program The functions and format shall be TBD The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling the driver are e DEVICE ID 31 e DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 23 e STATUS BYTE 80 BUFFER ADDRESS Pointer to the 128 bytes of diagnostic data set up by the handler The only parameter of interest to the handler following the DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC IN command shall be the STATUS BYTE DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC OUT The driver shall obtain the results of the previous DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC IN command If no previous DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC IN command had been performed this command shall obtain the data retained from the last disk operation The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling the driver are e DEVICE ID 31 DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 24 e STATUS BYTE 40 BUFFER ADDRESS Pointer to the handler s 128 byte buffer The only DCB parameter of interest to the handler upon completion of the DRIVE DIAGNOSTIC OUT command shall be the STATUS BYTE The format and meaning of the returned buffer shall be TBD 6 3 3 Performance Requirements None specified 6 3 4 Design Requirements The Integral Disk Driver shall be contained within an 8K byte ROM at address 1800 1FFF 6
10. lue vawe ooo BITT 0 BIT 4 0 indicates desired track and sector not found BIT5 0 indicates record type write fault BIT 6 NOT USED IT 7 0 indicates device not ready door open BYTES 3 amp 4 TIMEOUT These bytes shall contain a disk controller provided maximum timeout value in seconds for the worst case command The worst case operation is for a disk format command time TBD seconds Byte 4 is not used currently FORMAT DISK The driver shall cause the controller to format the entire disk and to verify the formatting by reading each sector The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling SIOV are e DEVICE ID 31 e DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 4 e COMMAND BYTE 21 or 22 for single or double density respectively e STATUS BYTE 40 BUFFER ADDRESS Pointer to the user s 128 byte buffer Following the FORMAT DISK command the buffer shall contain 128 bytes of FF if all sectors are good or 00 if any bad sector was found The only parameter of interest to the handler upon return shall be the STATUS BYTE SET MODE The driver shall set the mode to the desired mode as specified in the COMMAND BYTE and return the operation status in the STATUS BYTE of the DCB The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling the driver are e DEVICE ID 31 COMMAND BYTE 01 or 02 for large or small mode respectively e STATUS BYTE 00 The only paramet
11. ly is positioned Track 0 on the diskette It will also have a write protect sensor which will disable the write electronics when a tab covers the write protect notch on the diskette The drive spindle will be belt driven by a DC motor which will contain an integral tachometer The servo control circuit and tachometer will control the speed of the spindle The Read Write Head Assembly will be positioned by a split band positioner mounted to a stepper motor The read write heads will be glass bonded ferrite ceramic structures and have a life expectancy of 20 000 operating hours The electronic components will be mounted on two printed circuit boards The logic circuit board is to be mounted above the chassis The motor control circuit board is to be mounted on the bottom of the chassis 5 2 3 Power and Interface Signals Power and the interface signals are to be routed through two 23 pin connectors which will plug directly into the CPU board The connectors will mate directly with the circuit board connectors at the rear of the drive The first connector is for Drive 1 the second is for Drive 2 The pin assignments are as follows table 1 4 Write Protect 5 7 Diskette Enable 8 11 Track 0 Sensor 12 17 Stepper Motor Control 18 21 Spindle Motor Control 22 23 Disk Activity Light table 5 2 4 Cooling Fan A inch cooling fan shall be placed on the rear of the disk drive It shall draw 12 volts 0 15 a from FIGURE 5 01 ATARI
12. n C061902 ATARI SIO Specification 81 PS 0602 3 0 VERVIEW The ATARI 1450XL Home Computer Integral Disk Drive shall be a rotating disk memory designed for random access data entry storage and retrieval applications Typical applications include storing programs and data and loading programs into the system The drive shall be capable of reading both sides of a diskette in single density or double density formats at the user s discretion 4 PERFORMANCE 4 1 Environmental 4 1 1 Temperature Operating media dependent 10 degrees C to 46 degrees C 50 degrees F to 115 degrees F Non operating 40 degrees C to 71 degrees C 40 degrees F to 160 degrees 4 1 2 Relative Humidity Operating noncondensing media dependent 20 to 80 percent Nonoperating noncondensing 5 to 85 percent 4 1 3 Altitude 152 4 meters 500 feet below sea level to 15 240 meters 50 000 feet above sea level 4 2 Endurance Levels The Integral Disk Drive shall use ANSI compatible 5 1 4 inch diskettes with a media life for reference only of 4x10 6 passes per track The drive shall format diskettes with 40 tracks single density and 80 tracks double density There shall be a track spacing of 0 529 millimeters 20 8 milinches The drive head life shall be 20 000 media contact hours The disk rotational speed shall be 288 RPM plus or minus 1 5 percent There shall be an average rotational latency of 104 milliseconds with an instantaneous sp
13. op right of the computer console see Figure 5 01 An activity indicator lt LED gt located on the front panel is to be automatically illuminated when the drive is selected User access for diskette loading will be via an horizontal slot at the front of the drive The diskette will be locked into place by a front latch 5 2 Electromechanical Subassemblies 5 2 1 Functional Description When the user inserts a diskette into the drive it will be held in place by aluminum guard rails The diskette will slide into the drive until a back stop is encountered which will latch the ejection mechanism Closing the front latch will activate the cone clamping mechanism which will accurately center the diskette and clamp it into place The drive hub is held to a constant rotation of 288 RPM by a servo controlled DC motor The heads will remain in contact with the diskette until the front latch is opened The drive heads will be positioned over the desired track by means of a 4 phase stepper motor band assembly and associated electronics The positioner will use a one step rotation to cause a one track linear movement When the front latch is opened the cone clamping mechanism will raise allowing for the free exit of the diskette The eject mechanism will then unlatch and force the diskette part way out of the drive 5 2 2 Mechanical Details Refer to Figure 5 02 The drive will have a Track 0 sensor which will detect when the Head Carriage Assemb
14. ver Commands GET SECTOR The driver shall read the specified sector into the user s buffer and return the operation status in the status byte of the DCB The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling SIOV are e DEVICE ID 31 DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 52 e STATUS BYTE 40 BUFFER ADDRESS Pointer to the handler s 128 byte buffer e SECTOR NUMBER Sector number to be read The only parameter of interest to the handler upon return shall be the STATUS BYTE PUT SECTOR NO VERIFY The driver shall write the specified sector from the handler buffer and return the operation status in the STATUS BYTE of the DCB The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling the SIOV are e DEVICE ID 31 e DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 50 e STATUS BYTE 80 BUFFER ADDRESS Pointer to the handler s 128 byte buffer e SECTOR NUMBER Sector number to be written The only parameter of interest to the handler upon return shall be the STATUS BYTE PUT SECTOR WITH VERIFY The driver shall write the specified sector from the handler buffer read the sector after writing and return the operation status in the STATUS BYTE of the DCB The DCB parameters required to be set by the handler prior to calling SIOV are e DEVICE ID 31 e DEVICE NUMBER Disk drive number 1 8 e COMMAND BYTE 57 e STATUS BYTE 80 e BUFFER ADDRESS
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