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1. 6 s Cursor Addressing e e TADS w sa sr amp amp we ASS Text Editing Functions Keyboard s ew amp dd Sw a a a e e o e b e e e b J e e s b oe o 1 e e e b e e e O e e e e e La e e Character Keys e o Special Keys Disabling Enabling the Keyboard e e e 0 o o e e e e e o e e e e e o e o e o Page e e e 2 e e e o e L 6 e e e e e o e e e e e e iv Ph Didi 11 DD Bb db Hh bh bh db hb bp e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e o e e e WW WW WW W Oo e e e e e me Oo OONNN NAO BWW WDD DHE Ee Nee nono wooo oF on 1 9 O1 01 UU HPOONYINAUU ida hw ee mn 5 15 ui 9 oO 5 20 TS 800 User s Manual F G H J K Keyclick and Bell 0 o o Function Keys Programming the Function Keys VIDEO GRAPHICS PHELOGUCELON e 4 de Graphics Primitives Driver Calling the Graphics Driver Graphics Driver Functions The Mouse o e o o Mouse Support Functions Example Mouse Program Graphic Character Font Sample Graphics Access Program 8080 Assembly Code N e Cie e o o o o o e ue e e e o ts e Q o e o oe o o o PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE TROUBLESHOOTING Introduction Cleaning Inspection Troubleshootin
2. Multi user programs such as Data base management General accounting Medical and dental record keeping Remote data processing Electronic mail F Your computer store representative can recommend applications software for your networking system Graphics The graphics capabilities of the TS 800 allow you to use business graphics applications programs for creating graphs and charts for your business needs Chapter 7 teaches the programmer how to access the TS 800 s integral graphics capabilities at the assembly language level FORMAT OF MANUAL There are a few conventions used in this manual that you should understand Special notes throughout the manual draw your attention to particular information Symbols are used to indicate particular keys in various instructions Special Notes Two types of notes call attention to information of special importance NOTE General note giving information to every operator STOP Note giving information concerning the safety of the operator possible damage to the system or possible loss of data When you see this STOP and read the note before proceeding TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 1 4 TS 800 User s Manual Step by step procedures are used in this manual to show how to perform various functions These procedures show what the user types in and how the system responds to that action The following is an example of the procedure format USER 1 User Action What y
3. If a hardware error message appears refer to the section Self Tests During Power On and Reset Powering Up the TS 800 as a Service Processor Terminal 1 Check the switch settings refer to the Section Switch Settings under Connecting the TS 800 as a Service Processor Locate the rocker on off switch on the rear of the TS 800 Power up the system and adjust the contrast TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 1 TS 800 User s Manual 3 Power up the service processor 4 Look for a sign on message on the TS 800 screen Refer to the central service processor manual for the correct message Du If the sign on message does not appear on the screen or ifa hardware error appears refer to the central service processor manual for troubleshooting procedures Figure 3 1 Power Switch POWER TT ine I SWITCH Booting Up Boot is a term that describes the process of the computer starting itself up It is derived from the expression pull yourself up by the bootstraps There are two types of boots a cold boot and a warm boot Each one affects your system in a different way A cold boot or cold start refers to the process of turning the workstation on and loading the operating system When the power is turned on the system performs a self diagnostic test described in the following section When the diagnostic test is successfully completed the system memory is cleared and the operating system is loaded into the w
4. Page 6 22 TS 800 User s Manual How to set the line style attributes and then draw a line sfrom xl yl to x2 y2 line mvi c ll sset line style lxi hi ssolid line style rst 5 mvi C 12 sset line color lxi h 1 sset to white 0 for black rst 5 mvi c 4 smove to xl yl 0 50 lxi h 400 sload xl coordinate lxi d 50 sload yl coordinate rst 5 mvi Cy 5 line to x2 y2 100 50 lxi h 500 sload x2 coordinate lxi da 50 sload y2 coordinate rst 5 ret How to execute the polyline function l move to xl yl 0 50 line to x2 y2 100 50 line to x3 y3 200 150 plylin mvi C 3 spolyline function lxi h OFFOOh mov e m inx h mov d m xchg hl now points to the top of sthe parameter array mvi m 4 sload vertice s count inx h mvi m 0 inx h mvi m 100 load low byte of xl inx h mvi m 0 load high byte of xl inx h mvi m 120 sload low byte of yl inx h mvi m O load high byte of yl inx h mvi m 150 sload low byte of x2 inx h mv i m 0 sload high byte of x2 inx h mvi m 150 load low byte of y2 inx h mvi m 0 load high byte of y2 inx h mvi m 200 load low byte of x3 inx h mvi m 0 load high byte of x3 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 23 TS 800 User s Manual inx mvi inx mvi inx mvi inx mvi inx mvi inx mvi rst ret CT no o e o D a ct mvi lxi lxi rst mvi lxi rst lxi mov inx mov xchg mvi mov lxi loopl inx _ inx ldax mov inx d
5. TeleVideo TS 800 User s Manual 4 nia a si n m TeleVideo Systems Inc TELEVIDEO SYSTEMS INC TS 800 USER S MANUAL TeleVideo Part Number 2252800 Rev A 1 November 1983 Copyright c 1983 by TeleVideo Systems Inc All rights reserved No part of this publication may be reproduced transmitted transcribed stored in a retrieval system or translated into any language or computer language in any form or by any means electronic mechanical magnetic optical chemical manual or otherwise without the prior written permission of TeleVideo Systems Inc 1170 Morse Avenue Sunnyvale California 94086 Disclaimer TeleVideo Systems Inc makes no representations or warranties with respect to this manual Further TeleVideo Systems Inc reserves the right to make changes in the specifications of the product described within this manual at any time without notice and without obligation of TeleVideo Systems Inc to notify any person of such revision or changes Warning This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause interference to radio communications It has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A computing device pursuant to Subpart J of Part 15 of FCC Rules which are designed to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operated ina commercial
6. intensity spaces replace the erased characters LINE ERASE Deletes all characters from the cursor to the end of the line CHAR DELETE Deletes the character at the cursor position and moves all following characters left one position At the end of the delete function a space is written into the last position on the line If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters LINE DELETE Deletes the line at the cursor position and all following lines move up one line The cursor moves to column one of the line and spaces are loaded into the last line of the page If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters RESET Used with the CTRL key to reset the system CE Erases the current line and moves the cursor back to the prompt PRINT The PRINT key is not supported on the TS 800 All print functions are controlled by the computer TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 19 TS 800 User s Manual These keys are not supported on the TS 800 PAGE SETUP NO SCROLL FUNCT BREAK DISABLING ENABLING THE KEYBOARD You can disable lock all keys and the function keys by using a command sent from the computer Once the keyboard is disabled it can only be enabled by another command from the computer STOP If your applications program echoes all codes the keyboard may be accidentally disabled To disable the keyboard send ESC The keyboard remains disabled until one of the foll
7. On customized units check the bezel for paint damage peeling cracking or severe scratches Ze Check each key for free movement oe Inspect the cables and pin connectors twice a year for damage Inspect the interface cable connectors for kinks or other signs of excessive stress such as stretching Refer any damage to the qualified service technician at your computer store TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 7 1 TS 800 User s Manual TROUBLESHOOTING The information provided in this section might help you resolve many operating problems without placing a service call If your system does not work properly after you have followed the Suggestions given here place a service call to your computer store or service center Table 7 1 Troubleshooting Procedures Problem TS 800 IS NOT OPERATIONAL AFTER POWER IS TURNED ON SCREEN DISPLAYS SYSTEM PROMPT BUT DOES NOT RESPOND TO OPERATOR COMMAND TS 800 IS USED WITH MODEM AND DOES NOT RESPOND OR TRANSMIT TO CENTRAL SERVICE PROCESSOR TS 800 APPEARS TO BE RUNNING BUT CURSOR DOES NOT APPEAR TS 800 VIDEO DISPLAY ATTRIBUTES DO NOT CORRESPOND TO RECENTLY CHANGED SWITCH SETTINGS TS 800 LOCKED UP DOES NOT RESPOND TO KEYBOARD TS 800 SCREEN IS DEAD CURSOR MIGHT APPEAR TeleVideo Systems Inc Action Unplug power cord and plug it in again Test for power by plugging something else in the same electrical outlet Check the line fuse as described in the
8. Page 3 7 TS 800 User s Manual DEL Delete HOME Arrow Up Arrow Down Arrow Right Arrow Left BREAK Figure 3 6 Numeric Keypad Speci Deletes the character to the left of the cursor The character s that are deleted are displayed echoed on the screen Pressing SHIFT LOC ESC HOME moves the cursor to column one of row line one This position is referred to as the home position Moves the cursor up one line when pressed in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC arrow up Moves the cursor down one line when pressed in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC arrow down Moves the cursor one character to the right when pressed in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC arrow right Moves the cursor one character to the left without deleting that character when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC arrow left Moves the cursor one character to the left and deletes that character when used alone The BREAK key is not used in CP M al Keys LINE INSERT ia mn ea DELETE fo TeleVideo Systems Inc I Page 3 8 TS 800 User s Manual Table 3 3 Numeric Keypad Special Keys Key Name Description CHAR INSERT When pressed in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC CHAR INSERT causes character at the cursor to move right one column position and enters a space at the cursor position LINE INSERT Inserts a line consisting of spaces at the cursor position when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC LINE INSERT LINE ERASE Deletes all characters fro
9. These subsystems operate together to control the video display for either screen I O operations or display graphics The sections of this chapter describe the various functions that are available to the programmer to control the video display Figure 5 1 illustrates the relationships of these subsystems to one another TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 1 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 5 1 Subsystems Communications TERMINAL EMULATOR LOCAL ESCAPE LOC ESC EPROM KEYBOARD SCREEN _ EPROM SOFTWARE SENT ESCAPE KEYBOARD is TERMINAL EMULATOR SCREEN eprom a EPROM 1 TERMINAL EMULATOR FULL DUPLEX OPERATION KEYBOARD The CPU is a ZILOG Z80A operating at 4 different kinds of memory display memory which is divided into a FROM KEYBOARD FROM CPU FUNCTION ESCAPE SEQUENCE CHARACTERS ESC CPU CPU MHz The system has three an 8K EPROM containing the system boot diagnostics and display control a 32K block of video 12K alphanumerics section and a 640 x 240 pixel bit map or 80 x 24 line display and a 64K block of system RAM System logic and the memory bank switching which is ill TeleVideo Systems Inc BIOS enhancements control ustrated in Figure 5 2 Page 5 2 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 5 2 Memory Architecture FFFF C666 HEX ALPHANUMERIC RAM B809 HEX 4966 HEX 1 FFF HEX GRAPHIC DR
10. To erase all characters to the end of the line send ESC T To erase all characters to the end of the page send ESC Y Monitor Mode You can display all characters including all escape and control sequences sent from the keyboard or generated by a program This feature is called monitor mode Having the escape and control commands on the screen provides visual clues to make program debugging easier To enable monitor mode send ESC U To terminate the display of the control commands send either ESC u or ESC X Table 5 9 lists the monitor mode control characters and shows the monitor mode control characters as they appear TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 12 TS 800 User s Manual Table 5 9 Monitor Mode Control Characters Character Code ASCII Hex Displayed NULL 00 none A SOH 01 S H B STX 02 S X SG ETX 03 E X D EOT 04 E T E ENO 05 E Q F ACK 06 A K G BEL 07 B L H BS 08 B S I HT 09 H T J LF OA L F K VT OB V T L FF OC F F M CR OD C R N SO OE S O O SI OF S I Pp DLE 10 D L TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 13 TS 800 User s Manual Q DC1 R DC2 Ss DC3 DC4 U NAK y SYN W ETB X CAN y EM Z SUB I ESC AN FS GS _ RS eae US DEL DEL TeleVideo Systems Inc 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F 7F Page 5 14 TS 800 User s Manual KEYBOARD The keyboard itself can be program
11. the printer busy status Types of printers supported include Epson and Texas Instruments serial printers The cable to be used is an RS 232 straight cable Optional device assignment l LST TTY TTY device uses DTR protocol for a modem port Crossover cable must be used 2 LST CRT CRT device uses XON XOFF protocol for a modem port Crossover cable must be used to connect modem port to the printer port Si LST LPT LPT device uses ETX ACK protocol for a modem port Types of printer supported are NEC Spinwriter and Diablo daisywheel Crossover cable must be used Table J 1 Crossover Cable Configurations Modem Port Printer Port Pin Pin 1 1 2 3 3 2 4 5 5 20 7 7 8 4 20 6 and 8 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page J l TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX K Figure K 1 ASCII Code NUL SOH STX ETX EOT ENQ ACK BEL BS HT LF VT TeleVideo ASCII CODE CHART Chart SKIP HT O m Cc mn ASCII Code Table Abbreviations For Control Characters null FF form feed CAN start of heading CR carriage return EM start of text SO shift out SUB end of text SI shift in ESC end of transmission DLE data link escape FS enquiry DC1 device control 1 GS acknowledge DC2 device control 2 RS bell DC3 device control 3 US backspace DC4 device control 4 SP horizontal tabulation NAK negative acknowledge DEL linefeed SYN synchronous idle vertical tabulation ETB end of transmission bloc
12. 0 0 0 0 6 s 2 6 Default Switch Sections e e e e o 2 7 D Shaped Cable Connector e gt 0 2 8 Correctly Folded Excess Ribbon Cable e 0 0 gt o 2 9 SuperMouse Connection o 2 10 Screen Positioning Knob e o 3 1 POwer SWILCH We eH LI ES we Se eS A 3 2 Contrast Knob e o o o o o 3 3 Keyboard x ww 6 e a a Oe we we ce a d 3 4 Special KeyS l s a d amp 3S 6 dee we eS we es 3 5 Special Keys 2 8 e We wow Oe a eS l He Ow me we 3 6 Numeric Keypad Special Keys e o o 5 1 Subsystems Communications e e e e gt o 5 2 Memory Architecture e e o 5 3 Character Keys ua oe o o o o o a 5 4 Special Keys a e a w e 6 1 Graphics Display aS Ses Gar Yes i ee Vis Se se cS 6 2 Parameter Array Contents Se ale ee e e 6 3 DrawString Parameter Array Contents e e e e 6 4 8x8 Graphics Character Cell 0 6 00 e o 6 5 Scan Out Parameter Array Contents e e gt gt 6 6 Crosshr Parameter Array ContentS e e e e 6 7 Parameter
13. 000 00 System Prompt and the Logged Drive e 0 gt e CP M Command Lines e gt gt e gt o gt o Upper and Lower Case e gt gt o Control Characters di s w 3 4 Gine EGIting s e amp oe e Sw en a Disk FILES s w a wm La a ww eS Filenames E e e Wildcard File References dd e e Resident Commands u e gt o gt a Unrecognized Commands e 0 e e DIR List a Directory e e ERA Erase a File 0 0 0 o o ao REN Rename a File 0 e TYPE List a File on the Screen e e o Transient Commands STATE pa Sr Ww E e GS PLP dda a We e e a o A Utility Programs dies vu ele Applications Software e e 6000 e Review of Technical Terms gt e o PROGRAMMING THE TERMINAL EMULATOR Introduction amp s e e a Ck s Subsystems Overview e o Terminal Attributes Emulator Default Video Attributes Alphanumerics and Video Attributes Video Attributes e o o o o Setting Video Attributes gt e 0 o Escape Sequence Calls to the Terminal Emulator Escape Sequences for Clearing the Screen Escape Sequences for Cursor Display Cursor Control
14. 9 NH Ol AeA U N FF TS 800 User s Manual Figure 6 7 Parameter Array Contents X1 Coordinate Word 1 Yl Coordinate Word 2 I X2 Coordinate Word 3 I Y2 Coordinate Word 4 X2 Y2 BAR X1 Y1 10 RESERVED RESERVED 11 C ll Set LineStyle Valid parameters are 1 HL style through 8 1 solid 2 dashed 3 dotted 4 dash dot 5 long dash 6 short dash 7 dot dot dash 8 long dot 12 C 12 Set LineColor Valid parameters are 9g HL color _ or il 1 white 0 black 13 C 13 Set CharColor Sets the current HL color character color Valid parameters are 0 or l 1 white 0 black TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 10 TS 800 User s Manual 14 C 14 Set Write Mode Sets the current writing mode for all output primitives Valid parameters are 1 through 8 Replace Logical lt OR gt lt XOR gt lt NOT gt Complement then Replace Complement then logical lt OR gt Complement then lt XOR gt Complement then lt NOT gt On UI amp WD I Writing Mode Logic l Plane Color Index AND Pattern 2 Plane Plane OR Color Index AND Pattern 3 Plane Plane XOR Color Index AND Pattern 4 Plane Plane AND Color Index AND Pattern J 5 Plane Color Index AND Pattern 6 Plane Plane OR Color Index AND Pattern 7 Plane Plane XOR Color Index AND Pattern 8 Plane Plane AND Col
15. Cold boot occurs after power on or a system reset has been performed TeleVideo Systems Inc Page L l TS 800 User s Manual The following example illustrates how to change the baud rate for the printer port Be sure that the file SETUP COM exists on the currently logged drive USER SYSTEM USER SYSTEM i 2 4 Enter SETUP lt CR gt Displays SYSTEM SETUP Version V1 0 TeleVideo Systems Inc Ee CND digli SIMO also GENS PSP eae awe ew dito cup diem eh GRIN dist ewe aw et aw aw uo Ge a qu Ge ee Gi ae aw a ew GE ee ee CF a SE ae Er eee OS ee ee fee ee die eo and ae Please select the following system type 1 Stand alone TS 803 2 Stand alone TS 803H 3 Multi user TS 800 4 Multi user TS 803 5 Multi user TS 803H 6 Abort SETUP and return to CP M lt Enter appropriate number followed by lt CR gt or CTRL C to return to CP M Enter 3 lt CR gt Displays SYSTEM SETUP Version V1 0 TeleVideo Systems Inc Current system TS 800 Operating system Multi user CP M Current Mouse status ON Select modification category 1 To attach mouse 2 To detach mouse 3 To change CP M default I O byte 4 To change Printer port BAUD rate 5 To change Modem port BAUD rate 6 To change Printer port data format 7 To change Modem port data format 8 To change Autoload file name 9 To save current configuration permanently and return to CP M 10 To save current configuration temporarily and ret
16. Inc Page 6 1 7 TS 800 User s Manual Reg HL New X coordinate position of mouse Reg DE New Y coordinate position of mouse SYSTEM Returns nothing NOTE This function will clip the new coordinates to the screen resolution X 0 639 Y 0 239 C 8 Enable Hardware Cursor Not applicable to current hardware C 9 Disable Hardware Cursor Not applicable to current hardware TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 18 TS 800 User s Manual Example Mouse Program The program below uses the mouse to continuously draw dots on the screen The first dot is drawn at coordinate location 0 0 When the mouse is moved a dot is drawn at the mouse s new location When the SuperMouse is correctly attached to the TS 800 and installed using the Setup Program you can run this program See Appendix K for how to use the Setup Program bdos Start loop equ org mvi rst mvi rst mvi lxi rst mvi lxi rst mvi 1xi rst mvi lxi lxi rst call mvi rst ana jz shld xchg shid call mvi mvi call ana jz mvi rst jmp 05h j O O gt x a NO La u sa y s oom ee HH HH N W tx Y Aa DAL OUT QUTIUTQUNK1QUOA Ww w TeleVideo Systems Inc LA me e e e ne e e wo e e Ne we o neo o WS e Bdos call entry point Initialize graphics Clear graphics screen Set to solid line style Set to white line color Set to replace w
17. SuperMouse cord into the modular telephone jack in the back of the TS 800 See Figure 2 9 Use the Setup Program Appendix L to set the operating system default to mouse attached Follow the instructions supplied with the SuperMouse for operational information TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 10 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 2 9 SuperMouse Connection Your TS 800 system is now installed At this point you can position the computer where you want it and adjust the screen for your comfort by tilting it up and down When it is in the position you wish turn the flat knob on the left side of the screen in a clock wise direction until it is tight See Figure 2 10 Figure 2 10 Screen Positioning Knob TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 11 TS 800 User s Manual CHECKLIST OF INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS Before you proceed with the operation of the system check your installation 1 2 3 4 6 7 8 If to Did you check the TS 800 for possible shipping damage Is the location that you selected Supplied with a steady line voltage Within Clean comfortable temperature and humidity levels Providing sufficient ventilation around the case Is the telephone type coiled cord plugged into the keyboard Is the power switch turned off Is the power plug correct for the electrical power outlet Is it plugged into a grounded electrical outlet Is the Is the If the modem limits system p
18. Z80 code CSEG 280 1d C 1l initialize to graphics mode grout ld C 11 ld HL 1 sset line style to solid grout ld C 12 ld HL 1 sset line color to 1 grout 1d C 14 1d HL 1 sset writing mode to replace grout 1d C 4 s move to 0 0 ld HL 0 1d DE 0 grout 1d C 5 line to 639 239 ld HL 639 ld DE 239 grout END The preceding program draws a diagonal line across the bit map from pixel 0 0 to pixel 639 239 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 3 TS 800 User s Manual Example 2 To draw a graphics character string in 280 code CSEG Z280 ld Cyl grout ld C 13 ld HL 1 s set character color to 1 grout ld C 14 ld HL 1 set writing mode to replace grout ld HL OFFOOh get pointer to string array ld HL 5 put length of string into array INC HL INC HL point at string id DE String ld b 5 loop ld a DE ld HL a load characters onto parameter array INC DE INC HL INC HL s load one character per word DJNZ loop H ld C 6 s draw string grout String Db Hello END See Figure 6 2 for the parameter array whose address is contained in FFOOh and FFOLh TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 4 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 6 2 Parameter Array Contents Character count byte 1 a I sui mm a te 1 sai aa C wii cia Mi e at pr i I stai n ras cd Jpg Pa steli oe de DT ai pure Dl i Character 5 o byte
19. accompany those devices Also see Appendix L TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 7 TS 800 User s Manual CONNECTING PERIPHERALS Auxiliary serial devices such as printers modems plotters and mice can be connected to the TS 800 Instructions are given here for connecting each of these The serial printer interface allows the TS 800 to be used with most RS 232C compatible serial printers currently available on the market including both character by character and buffered printers The TS 800 is also equipped with a serial modem port for data transmission to another location over telephone lines The Setup Program allows you to quickly and easily change the printer and modem port baud rate and data format to adapt toa variety of peripherals You can also indicate to the operating system whether or not a mouse is attached A complete description of the capabilities of the Setup Program as well as step by step instructions for using it are in Appendix L Attaching Cables Cables are needed to connect the TS 800 to a printer or a modem The types of cables needed are determined by the requirements of the device s attached to the TS 800 You can obtain the appropriate cables for attaching peripheral devices at your computer store The technical specifications for each type of cable can be found in Appendix D Cable connectors commonly have D shaped end connectors See Figure 2 7 These fit onto a D shaped pin connector on the rear panel o
20. environment Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause interference in which case the user at his own expense will be required to correct the interference TeleVideo is a registered trademark of TeleVideo Systems Inc CP M is a registered trademark of Digital Research Inc Z80A is a registered trademark of ZILOG Corporation TeleVideo Systems Inc 1170 Morse Avenue Sunnyvale Ca 94086 408 745 7760 TS 800 User s Manual l INTRODUCTION Introduction to the TS Limited Warranty Description Hardware Software Graphics Format of Manual Special Notes 800 Notation Conventions Programmers Quick Referenc Ze SETTING UP YOUR TS 800 Introduction r Selecting the Right Location Checklist of Components Reader Comment Card Installing Your System Power Cord Connection Plugging in the Power Line Voltage Regulator Switch Settings e e Connecting the TS 800 as Cable Connections Switch Settings Cable Connections Switch Settings Connecting Peripherals Attaching Cables a Connecting the TS 800 as a Connecting a Serial Changing the Default Printer Devic Connecting a Mouse 3 POWER ON Introduction Initial Start Up Cord Work Servi n Powering Up the TS 800 as Powering Up the TS 800 as Booting Up e 0 gt o e e U e o e e e o o Printer a a TABLE OF CONTENTS Ke e e o o o o
21. index shl points at top of parameter table sselect vertical cross hatch style sSet fill color shl points to top of paramteter table sselect color white shl points to top of parameter table sload y coordinate sload x1 coordinate sload x2 coordinate sload scan line count ssave count sselect horizontal scan routine Page 6 25 TS 800 User s Manual inx h mov d m xchg hl points to top of parameter table inr m der b jnz loop2 sfill square from bottom to top ret end TeleVideo Systems Inc E Page 6 26 TS 800 User s Manual 7 PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE INTRODUCTION To keep your TS 800 in the best condition it is a good idea for you to keep it clean to inspect it periodically and to know what to do if something seems to go wrong This chapter talks about all of these topics plus how to service your TS 800 CLEANING Clean the TS 800 periodically To clean the case La Vacuum the keyboard with a soft brush attachment or use a small soft brush 2 Clean the housing with a soft lint free cloth STOP DO NOT use solvent based or abrasive cleaners 3a If you spill liquids on the keyboard unplug the system immediately and disassemble the keyboard and clean it with a soft cloth and water Dry it thoroughly before using INSPECTION Periodically check the cabinet and keyboard for damage or excessive wear l Inspect the cabinet for cracks or breaks
22. o eee e e os o e ec o e e o e e o eee ee e e e e o e o 0 o oe e o o e e o e e o oc o e e e 9 a e e e eee e e e e os e Ou C e 0 o o o e o w C r Lon O rr e e o e Tjo oe fee e e e o o ta e e 6 e e e o e e MU e e e e e o o e e ee e e e fado e e e s e J e o e e o o e e e MM e o e e ec e o e e e e 0 0 o Je e e o o o D cesso e e e e e o o Workstation Service Processor Terminal Self Tests During Power On and Reset e o Cursor gt 4 Page eee o oe Q o es e e oe e gt e e e e e e e o es e e O o 9 e 9 iii N ININIININNINIISNINGISNINNNSNNNINN 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 3 1 3 1 4 1 4 1 4 1 5 1 5 02 o2 23 3 03 24 4 5 lt 5 6 6 6 6 o7 8 8 9 10 10 3 1 3 1 3 1 dal 3 2 3 3 3 3 TS 800 User s Manual System Prompts Adjusting the Contrast i e e E Key Descriptions e e e o o Character Keys x 6 o a a Se e we special K6YS k c ss e w a e a LL Oo Running Applications di e cee e d 1 Using CP M the Operating System e USING CP M THE OPERATING SYSTEM Introduction to CP M s a sw w e a di a CP M Terms woa wa de e e e i starting Up CP M ei ce sw de A we Reset Command s s w
23. section Changing the Fuse in this chapter and replace it if necessary If the fuse blows again call your computer store Check the keyboard connector Unplug the modem and replug it Turn its power on and off and reconnect the modem to the TS 800 RS 232 port Check the modem cable and configuratior Adjust contrast knob on rear panel Reset the system by pressing RESET so software can scan new DIP switch settings Check keyboard connector Press CTRL RESET If that doesn t work turn the power off and back on again Turn TS 800 off and check the fuses Page 7 2 TS 800 User s Manual PRINTER DOES NOT PRINT Reconnect printer cable being sure it WHAT IS TYPED is completely on the pin connector Check printer cable configuration and baud rate Check for printer fault out of paper or ribbon HARDWARE ERROR MESSAGE Reset by pressing RESET APPEARS ESCAPE AND CONTROL Reenter commands paying particular COMMANDS DO NOT FUNCTION attention to whether upper or lower AS ANTICIPATED case characters ones or zeroes are needed CHANGING THE FUSE The TS 800 has one exterior fuse which is accessible from the rear panel To check or change the exterior fuse turn the power off pull the plug out of the power outlet and unscrew the fuse holder see Figure 7 1 The fuse is a small glass cylinder If the thin wire inside the fuse is still intact the fuse should be functional see Figure 8 2 If the th
24. the underscore key This attribute starts with the cursor position and continues until another attribute is encountered Blink Causes all characters to blink This attribute starts with the cursor position and continues until another attribute is encountered TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 4 TS 800 User s Manual Invisible Causes all data entered on the line to be invisible to you although the cursor moves and is transmitted to the computer A typical application might be payroll information This attribute starts with the cursor position and continues until another attribute is encountered Half Intensity Changes the intensity to half of normal ona character by character basis NOTE Half intensity differs from other visual attributes in two ways Ta Once it is set it affects all characters entered regardless of cursor position until it is turned off Di This attribute character never occupies a character space Setting Video Attributes l Your program should place the cursor one position before you want the attribute to start NOTE Remember that each attribute occupies a character position If your program types over the attribute it is lost 2 Your program should send the appropriate escape sequence as listed in Table 5 2 NOTE Escape sequences are shown with spaces ThesSe spaces are included only for the sake of clarity and are not to be included in the sequence Escape Sequence Calls
25. to move down one line resulting in the loss of the last line on the page If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters Deletes the line at the cursor position and all following lines move up one line The cursor moves to column one of the line and spaces are loaded into the last line of the page If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters Erases all characters from the cursor to the end of the line and replaces them with spaces If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters Page 5 11 TS 800 User s Manual Erase ESC t Erases all characters from the cursor to End position to the end of the line and of Line replaces them with null characters with If half intensity is on half Nulls intensity nulls replace the erased characters Erase ESC Y Replaces characters from the cursor to End position to the end of the screen with of Page spaces If half intensity is on erased characters are replaced with half intensity spaces Erase ESC y Erases all characters from the cursor to End position to the end of the page and of Page replaces them with null characters with If half intensity is on half intensity Nulls nulls replace the erased characters You can erase characters starting at the cursor position to the end of the line or the page and replace them with either spaces or half intensity spaces if half intensity is on
26. you wanted to copy a file from drive A to drive B the command line would look like this A gt pip b a smyfile bas lt CR gt There are now two copies of the same data one in the file MYFILE BAS on drive A and one in file MYFILE BAS on drive B You may or may not want to ERAse the old copy disk space isa premium so developing good housekeeping practices can help you get the most out of your system Don t wait for a disk full error By omitting any drive specifications you can make copies of a file on the same disk One special parameter is very useful and easy to append to the PIP command line V causes PIP to verify that the copy is an exact duplicate of the original file by doing a byte by byte comparison This may cause delays on long 200K plus files If you wanted to use this parameter in the file transfer from the above example the command line would look like this A gt pip b a myfile bas v lt CR gt This command assures that the file is copied with no errors The parameters are enclosed in square brackets and appended directly with no space to the end of the command line TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 10 TS 800 User s Manual For more details about the PIP command refer to one of the excellent CP M books listed in Appendix C UTILITY PROGRAMS TeleVideo has supplied a set of maintenance utility programs with your networking system For instructions on how to use these utilities and whether these
27. 2 S 21 4 53 T 22 5 54 U 23 6 55 V 24 7 56 W 25 8 57 X 26 9 58 Y 27 59 Z 28 60 29 lt 61 30 62 31 gt 63 32 64 Row line value may not exceed 24 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 9 TS 800 User s Manual Tabs The cursor may be moved on the screen to preset typewriter style tabs Tab controls are summarized in Table 5 7 Table 5 7 Tab Controls Control Action Code Effect Set tab ESC 1 Sets a typewriter style column tab Tab I Causes the cursor to advance to the next tab set If no tabs are set the code has no effect and the cursor does not move Back Tab ESC I Causes the cursor to go back to the previous tab position set If no tabs are set or if the cursor is on the first tab position on the line this code moves the cursor to the first columnon the line Clear ESC 2 Clears the tab where the cursor is Tab located when this code is entered Clear ESC 3 Clears all tabs regardless of the All Tabs position of the cursor when the code is entered To set a tab move the cursor to the column position where you want a tab Be sure you enter a numeral one not a lower case L Position the cursor at the tab to be cleared before entering the sequence The position of the cursor when this code is entered is not important Text Editing Functions Changing text can involve the following three actions Replacing ie typing over existing text referred to here as ed
28. Array ContentS 0 e gt o 7 1 Exterior Fuse Location e e 0 0 c gt gt 7 2 Good FUSE ea e w e e a ee e a a a 7 3 Blown Fuse k e toe a e ww we Se N o 7 4 Serial Number a ws 0 oe wo we we we Dei RO 232Ce wu em LALA Ge Wn ey we Deli RS4422 u wh OS OS ere Se ew OS Se ee Oe SS E l Fuse ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee yS E 2 Voltage Switch e e e e e e e e e e e e e F 1 Two Prong Power Cord Connection e e Page vii e e e o e e e o o o e e e eo ec e e CO N U1 PINI iP O0OUR WWD Ee W H H OV UI He PPhW HFHWOWHDUH HE Wh ty t VO SII AAAHAAA OS ul Olu WW WW WW ND NDAD AD DN DN NN NH ND fd fd Ne TS 800 User s Manual LIST OF TABLES ar I ey Ne Notation Conventions gt e gt e e o gt gt gt gt gt gt e gt Switch Settings e e e e e e e e e e e e e e Printer and Modem Baud Rate Switch Settings e e Spec lal Keys 1 e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e d Spec ial Keys 2 e e e e e e e e e e e e s e e e e e Numeric Keypad Special Keys e o o CP M Control Functions e gt gt o Common Filetype Extensions e e e e o Technical Terms e J e e e e e e o e e e e e e e VIGGO ACCYr
29. Bit 1 0 page 1 alpha mode only 1 page 2 alpha mode only Bit 2 0 alpha memory access round off 1 graphics memory access normal CPU address Table G 2 CRT Controller Control Register Port Description Read Write RO Horizontal total characters number W R1 Horizontal displayed characters number W R2 Position of horizontal sync pulse W R3 Pulse width of horizontal sync pulse W R4 Vertical total character number W R5 Vertical total adjust W R6 Vertical displayed character number W R7 Position of vertical sync pulse W R8 Mode control W BIT 3 0 for video display RAM addressing Straight binary R9 Maximumscan line address W R10 Cursor start raster W bit 6 5 00 no blinking 01 no cursor 10 blink at 1 16 field rate 11 blink at 1 32 field rate Rll Cursor end raster W R12 Start address high byte R W R13 Start address low byte R W R14 Cursor position high byte R W R15 Cursor position low byte R W TeleVideo Systems Inc Page G 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX H PIN CONNECTOR ASSIGNMENTS Table H 1 Board Connectors Connector No Description RS 232C Modem Connector Serial Printer Connector Power Connector Video Connector Comp Video Connector Keyboard Connector Description Frame Ground Transmit Data Receive Data Request to Send Clear to Send Signal Ground Data Carrier Detect Transmit Clock Receive Clock Data Terminal Ready Transmit Clock Pl P2 P5 P6 P9 Pll Table H 2 RS 232C Modem Connector Pin R
30. Clear all to nulls and reset half intensity FUNCTION KEYS Program function keys pl number of function key ESC or ESC ESC ESC SHIFT LOC ESC pl p2 message Function Baud rate Baud rate Baud rate Workstation Service processor terminal Green on black screen default Black on green screen Rate p2 1 Y termination character Table M 2 Switch Setting List Section Setting 1 closed right 2 closed right 3 closed right 4 closed right 5 closed right open left 6 open left 7 closed right 8 Not used 9 open left closed right 10 Not used required settings Table M 3 Baud Rate List Switch Section Baud 1 2 3 CC 9 600 CC 4 800 coc 2 400 0 0 C 1 200 CCO 600 Oco 300 COO 150 000 75 C closed O open TeleVideo Systems Inc Page M 3 2252800 Rev A GMK TeleVideo Systems Inc 1170 Morse Avenue PO Box 3568 Sunnyvale CA 94088 c TeleVideo 10 83 Printedin U S A E ee AnS CT n I d a RS a DI DI Lp pa gdogd E M i DI i i Li gt A 4
31. EL Deletes character to the left of cursor The character s that are deleted are displayed echoed on the screen I Moves the cursor to the next tab 8 16 yy ee la P Activates the printer deactivates the printer with a second P toggle R Re display command line useful after DEL echoes deleted characters on command line Ss After a file or a list starts to display on the screen S is pressed to start or stop toggle the scrolling of the display U Cancel current command line positions cursor under command line for easy re typing xX Backspace to prompt erases current line Works the same as the CE key RETURN Send command line to computer lt CR gt RESET System cold boot clears memory and reloads CP M from drive A DISK FILES The disk file is the basic unit of organization in CP M All resident commands refer to file operations A file can hold any kind of information text machine language program code or graphics commands Every file is labeled with a unique filename so that the computer can always find the exact file specified in a given command Refer to the MmmOST manual for more information about disk file organization Filenames A filename is composed of three parts drive prefix filename extension A full unigue filename might be A ACCOUNTS BAS The drive prefix is a single letter that corresponds to the drive the file being referenced is loaded on If you leave the drive pr
32. GRAPHICS DRIVER FUNCTIONS The TS 800 Graphics Primitives Driver supports the following functions They are listed by function identification number passed in register C Table 6 1 Graphics Driver Functions Function Number Parameters Description 0 C 0 Initialize to alphanumerics mode Does not clear display l C 1 Initialize to graphics mode 2 C 2 Clear graphics screen memory 3 e Cre 3 Polyline Draws a connected sequence of array lines in the current style line color and writing mode The first point is taken as the current position The last end point of the sequence becomes the current position CP TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 5 TS 800 User s Manual 4 C 4 HL x DE y 5 C 5 HL x DE y 6 C 6 array TeleVideo Systems Inc The parameters are passed in an array The address of the array is contained in locations OFFOOh and OFFOILh Parameter array contents word 0 count n vertex points word 1 xl move to vertex xl yl word 2 yl word 3 x2 sline to vertex x2 y2 word 4 y2 word 5 x3 word 6 y3 sline to vertex x3 y3 etc MoveTo Updates the current position Used only with LineTo and DrawString LineTo Draws a line from current position to x y then updates the current position The current linestyle line color and writing mode are used DrawString Draws character string starting at current position It does not update the current pos
33. IVER ALPHA DRIVER d100 DIAGNOSTICS EPROM SYSTEMS PARAMETERS PAGE 1 6666 HEX When power is first turned on or after system reset the hardware automatically selects the memory configuration shown on the left of Figure 5 2 This includes the system EPROM at addresses 0000 1FFF the graphics RAM block at 4000 BFFF and finally the upper 16K of system RAM at C000 FFFF The EPROM contains all necessary initialization logic for loading the CP M program CP M is loaded into the high RAM addresses above 48K When loading is complete the control logic switches to the full 64K RAM memory configuration and the software initializes the lower RAM system scratch space The EPROM then serves as a video display graphics driver When Special graphics functions BIOS calls are made from applications software the graphics memory configuration PAGE is swapped in and the CPU fetches instructions from the EPROM firmware The CPU then updates the graphics alphanumerics RAM which it Shares with the video controller on alternate cycles Terminal Attributes Emulator The video display on your TS 800 is controlled by firmware stored in the 8K on board EPROM The firmware has two sections the Terminal Attributes Emulator and a Graphics Primitives Driver Both are easily accessed by the programmer The Terminal Emulator controls all standard video terminal display functions such as alphanumerics as well as special video attributes and
34. LDUCES i ana e ww ez Escape Sequences for Video Attributes Clear Commands Escape Sequences Cursor Display Escape Sequences Cursor Control Commands Cursor Coordinates e Tab COntrols ud a Editing Commands A Monitor Mode Control Characters l m e HOONAUBRWHH wne WNH WN m O Function of Special Keys Keyboard Audio Commands e Default Function Key Values Function Key Values e e o e s o e e e e e o e Li o e e e e e 0 e e e e e e e e e e e e e s e e e e Li e d e e e e e e e e e 6 e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e s e e e o e e e e Cl e e d e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e o e e e e Ld e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e U1 hm GW N e Graphics Driver Functions Fill Interior Styles Graphics Styles Mouse Functions Character Font o o ee o gt ee o o e o o o o eee o e o o o e e o ee o o ee 0 o o ee o o ee o o eee o o e o e o o e o o o o o o o o eee o o I 7 1 Troubleshooting Procedures e e e e e e e e e e e e e G Port Addresses e e e e e ua G CRT Controller Control Register Port Ud Mi e e l 2 1 Board CONNeECtOLs z e o LL e Ad dd a AS a 2 RS 232C Modem Connector e e e e e o e e e e e 3 Serial Printer Connector e e da da gt gt gt l Esc
35. NSIONS COMPOSITION TeleVideo Systems Inc Z80A 8 bit microprocessor processor speed 4 MegaHertz 64 kilobyte dynamic RAM expandable to 128K 32K alpha and graphic display memory 8 kilobyte EPROM CP M Two RS 232C serial ports one RJllC port for SuperMouse connection one RS 422 port for connection to service processor Asynchronous Switch selectable baud rates for printer modem port 75 150 300 600 1200 2400 4800 9600 Word structure Eight data bits one stop bit 115 VAC 12 VAC 230 VAC 12 VAC 1 30 amp maximum at 115 VAC 0 65 amp maximum at 230 VAC NEMA standard 5 15R 3 prong receptacle US only Height 14 25 inches 36 cm Width 18 5 inches 47 cm Depth 15 inches 38 cm deep plus 8 inch keyboard 20 cm Weight 51 pounds 23 kilos Injection molded plastic Page A l TS 800 User s Manual ENVIRONMENT OPERATING NONOPERATI NG SHIPPING CRT SPECIFICATIONS SCREEN DISPLAYED CHARACTER SET CHARACTER FONT REPEAT EDITING FEATURES CURSOR CONTROLS REAL TIME CLOCK GRAPHICS FEATURES RESOLUTION FIRMWARE TeleVideo Systems Inc 50 to 85 degrees Fahrenheit 10 to 30 degrees Centigrade Maximum humidity 95 percent relative non condensing Maximum altitude 10 000 ft above sea level 32 to 120 degrees Fahrenheit 0 to 50 degrees Centigrade 14 inches measured diagonally Phosphor P31 96 character ASCIIupper and lower case alphabet 32 control charact
36. ONS AND DISTRIBUTOR S REMEDIES HEREUNDER ARE SOLELY AND EXCLUSIVELY AS STATED HEREIN TELEVIDEO MAKES NO WARRANTY WHATSOEVER CONCERNING ANY SOFTWARE PRODUCTS WHICH ARE SOLD AS IS AND WITH ALL FAULTS TELEVIDEO S LIABILITY WHETHER BASED ON CONTRACT TORT WARRANTY STRICT LIABILITY OR ANY OTHER TeleVideo Systems Inc Page B 1 TS 800 User s Manual THEORY SHALL NOT EXCEED THE PRICE OF THE INDIVIDUAL UNIT WHOSE DEFECT OR DAMAGE IS THE BASIS OF THE CLAIM IN NO EVENT SHALL TELEVIDEO BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF PROFITS LOSS OF USE OF FACILITIES OR EQUIPMENT OR OTHER INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES TeleVideo Systems Inc Page B 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX C SUGGESTED REFERENCES The following books are useful references for using the CP M operating system in addition to the basic concepts presented in this manual Ask at your computer store for the availability of these books 1 4 Fernandez Judi N and Ruth Ashley Using CP M A Self Teaching Guide John Wiley and Sons 605 Third Avenue New York NY 1980 This is an excellent self teaching guide highly recommended for the user unfamiliar with CP M but perhaps familiar with computers Assumes no prior knowledge about operating systems Hogan Thom Osborne CP M User Guide 2nd ed Osborne McGraw Hill 630 Bancroft Way Dept UB Berkeley CA 94710 A complete book for the beginning computer operator Covers all aspects of computer opera
37. R The RETURN and ENTER keys can be used interchangeably They send the ASCII code for a carriage return lt CR gt to the display processor within the TS 800 Depending on the communication mode used the code causes the display processor to transmit a lt CR gt to the computer TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 17 TS 800 User s Manual HOME LINEFEED BACKSPACE Arrow Left Arrow Up Arrow Down Arrow Right DEL Delete CLEAR SPACE Fl through F16 Function Keys NOTE The terminal features an auto wraparound function that eliminates the need to manually enter a lt CR gt and a linefeed LF at the end of each 80 character line Moves the cursor to column one of row line one This position is referred to as the home position The LINEFEED LF key sends an ASCII code for a LF to the computer The code causes the processor to transmit a LF code to the computer and or the cursor to be moved down one line on the screen when echoed by the internal processor Moves the cursor one character to the left If the cursor is at home it has no effect Moves the cursor one character to the left If the cursor is at home it has no effect Moves the cursor up one line If the cursor is on the top line it has no effect Moves the cursor down one line If the cursor is on the bottom line of the screen it has no effect Moves the cursor one character to the right If the cursor is at the end of the line it goes to
38. S 232C No Designator 1 AA 2 BA 3 BB 4 CA 5 CB 7 BA 8 CF 15 DB 17 DD 20 CD 24 DA Legend G AC chassis ground I Input O Output C Signal common TeleVideo Systems Inc bel Page H l N Oo OOK HHOQHOHOD TS 800 User s Manual Table H 3 Serial Printer Connector Configuration as Shipped is for Printer Pin No Description Frame Ground Transmit Data Receive Data Request to Send Clear to Send Data Set Ready Signal Ground Data Carrier Detect Data Terminal Ready OOnNAORW NF N Legend AC chassis ground Input Output Signal common ADHD Hou W tt TeleVideo Systems Inc P to HOOOOHOHa Page H 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX I CHANGING THE DEFAULT LST DEVICE The TS 800 arrives with the default LST device set to TTY for devices using Data Terminal Ready as the printer busy status on the serial printer port through the service processor Using the DDT program you change a byte in the USERCPM4 DAT file located on the the system drive of the service processor NOTE It is a good idea to save a copy of the USERCPM 4DAT on another drive before you modify it That way is is avallable in case you want the default LST advice set back to TTY in the future Follow this procedure User responses are shown in bold print USER 1 Boot the system 2 Enter B LOGON SYSTEM lt CR gt SYSTEM 3 Displays vers 2 11 A drive s logged to password account USER 4 Ente
39. User s Manual 6 VIDEO GRAPHICS INTRODUCTION This chapter discusses how to access the graphics features what graphics features are available and how to access the SuperMouse support functions GRAPHICS PRIMITIVES DRIVER The firmware in the TS 800 serves three functions System boot and diagnostic routines Alphanumerics Generator Terminal Attributes Emulator Graphics Primitives Driver The Graphics Primitives Driver is the lowest level interface to the graphics memory The Graphics Driver accesses the 20K segment of the 32K graphic memory block as a 640 x 240 pixel bit map through the CPU mapping the graphics to be displayed by the video controller The CPU updates the display on alternate cycles with video controller access The programmer can have programs access the display memory with calls to the Graphics Primitives Driver The following sections describe the procedures by which calls can be made to the graphics driver Figure 6 1 Graphics Display 639 239 0 0 gt X X Y coordinates in unit of pixel TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 1 TS 800 User s Manual The TS 800 is also equipped with an optical MOUSE interface The mouse has ten software support functions which are described in the Mouse Support Functions section of this chapter These functions can be directly accessed by the user through a single entry point CALLING THE GRAPHICS DRIVER The follo
40. ally used to momentarily leave escape an applications program in order to use a special feature or function ESC is unshifted LOC ESC is shifted The ESC key is used with another character s in the command sequence the ESC key is pressed and released before the second key is pressed Certain applications programs enable these keys to perform special functions The PRINT key does not activate printing in CP M All print functions are software controlled TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 6 TS 800 User s Manual FUNCT Figure 3 5 Special Keys 2 Table 3 2 Special Keys 2 Key Name RETURN and ENTER LINEFEED BACKSPACE CLEAR SPACE The FUNCT key is not used on the TS 800 Description The RETURN and ENTER keys can be used interchangeably When the RETURN key is pressed the action on the screen is like a Carriage return In this manual when you are to press the RETURN or ENTER key you will see this lt CR gt This key moves the cursor down one line on the screen when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC LINEFEED When pressed alone it works the same as the RETURN key Moves the cursor one character to the left and deletes that character Same as arrow left When you press SHIFT LOC ESC CLEAR SPACE all characters on the screen are replaced with spaces Shifted CLEAR SPACE clears the graphics display whether or not the graphics are being displayed at the time TeleVideo Systems Inc
41. ape Sequence List e s e e e o o oo Page viii fd e e o ee o ee Heme Oo I ONC amp Pi n WW ONOG bt OST Ul Wr U1 On OF OF OT 01 OI O1 VI A amp A W W W NO NO N VI e pi O TS 800 User s Manual 1 INTRODUCTION INTRODUCTION TO THE TS 800 Welcome to the TeleVideo world of CP M network computers Your new workstation is designed to meet a wide variety of business needs and the user friendly architecture makes the TS 800 easy to install and use The TS 800 can be connected as either a workstation or a service processor terminal to any of TeleVideo s network systems Figure 1 1 TS 800 You do not need technical expertise to set up and install your workstation This manual describes the installation procedure step by step and also teaches how to best utilize the many features of the system for your own needs Please take the time to read the installation instructions and familiarize yourself with the operation of your system The speCial sections on using CP M and on programming give you added information for utilizing your system for more than word processing or applications programs TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 1 1 TS 800 User s Manual LIMITED WARRANTY The TS 800 is covered by a limited warranty The terms and conditions of the complete limited warranty are provided in Appendix B DESCRIPTION Your TS 800 is an 8 bit workstation that utilizes Zilog s Z80A micropro
42. ay 1 2 white black array Color Index Word 1 RESERVED GetPix Returns all of a scan line of pixels Returns the scan line in the array Bytes in the array are packed with the most significant bit corresponding to the lower x value The bytes are loaded into the array in order of increasing x from left to right on the scan line The TS 800 provides ten mouse support functions which you can access The SETUP program allows you to attach or detach the mouse from the system Once the mouse is attached the mouse must be initialized function 1 before all the support functions become operational The mouse opens a completely new dimension in human interface to the computer Figure 6 8 SuperMouse TeleVideo Systems Inc RIGHT KEY MIDDLE KEY LEFT ko ey KEY Page 6 13 TS 800 User s Manual Once the mouse is attached through the SETUP program the following configuration is set automatically Printer Baud Rate 1200 Data Format 8 data bits l stop bit No parity The user may alter the system configuration through the SETUP program on the TS 800 system diskette When the mouse is detached the mouse configuration remains in memory This can be changed through the SETUP program MOUSE SUPPORT FUNCTIONS You can access the mouse functions by following these instructions La Load register C with the function number identifier see 2 Input Output parameters are passed in registers HL DE an
43. ays to contact your distributor Try to reset the system again before calling your computer store NOTE These tests are not performed when the TS 800 is warm booted only at cold boot If no messages appear reset the system by pressing RESET If necessary refer to the Troubleshooting section in Chapter 7 Cursor The blinking rectangular block on the screen is called the cursor The cursor shows you where data typed on the keyboard will appear on the screen As the cursor reaches the end of a line it automatically goes down or wraps around to the beginning of the next line System Prompts On your TS 800 the system prompt for drive A of the service processor looks like this A gt Prompts vary from one computer system to another but almost always indicate that the operating system is ready for your response While using an applications program you may see a different prompt symbol this will be explained in the applications program instructions The letter before the prompt itself A gt tells which drive is currently being used This is called the logged drive TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 3 TS 800 User s Manual Q du 5 D ri hi fry 10 VU hi U I 00 ro DN cb O cel Ww Q 6G O Q C ot amp eri pa a s by O 4 da avo o n O oO wo v SM Per Nn th amp geo pa G by SG x 4 O dd ON i ar HE E Go o w U Q 4 DI S U 01 O Po O Q dd G U 4 Oo sS S WW
44. baud rate Baud rates are determined by the switch settings Table 2 2 shows the proper switch settings for changing the baud rate to correspond with various printers and modems The baud rate can also be changed by using the Setup Program as described in Appendix L TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 9 TS 800 User s Manual Table 2 2 Printer and Modem Baud Rate Switch Settings DIP Switch Section 123 Baud Rate CCC 9 600 default O CC 4 800 coc 2 400 OOC 1 200 CCo 600 Oco 300 coo 150 000 75 Legend C Switch closed right O Switch open left Changing the Default Printer Device To change the default printer device and to establish different power up default values refer to the instructions in Appendix I or the Setup program in Appendix L Connecting a Modem You can connect one modem to the TS 800 The RS 232C port labeled RS 232 is ready to interface to a modem The TS 800 and modem should be within 50 feet of each other Refer to Appendix D for cable specifications Attach one end of an RS 232C interface cable to the port labeled RS 232 Attach the other end to the modem s RS 232C pin connector Modem baud rate at default is 9600 baud but it can be changed by the Setup program in Appendix L or by changing the switch settings See Table 2 2 Connecting a Mouse The TS 800 is equipped with a port already configured to accept TeleVideo s SuperMouse To install the SuperMouse plug the connector on the
45. cessor The system s tilt adjustable fourteen inch CRT screen has a P31 green phosphor color that makes viewing easier on the eyes The computer s processor is designed to allow both alphanumeric computing and standard business graphics The alphanumeric display is 24 lines by 80 characters The graphics display features a resolution of 640 x 240 pixels squares on the screen like a graph The standard system memory is 64 kilobytes 64K which is expandable to 128K If you want to use a printer for paper copies of your work a modem for telecommunications or a SuperMouse for simpler computer interaction there are ports or connectors on the rear panel to do this The TS 800 can be used for a variety of standard and unique applications Some of the more common uses include Word processing Data base management Financial planning and analysis Business calculations General accounting Medical and dental record keeping Customization of applications programs Programming Graphics capabilities with many applications Fe ee eH Od O HF F The graphics capability allows you to construct graphs and bar and pie charts for business graphics presentations You can use graphics as an integral part of many applications programs TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 1 2 TS 800 User s Manual By adding a mouse many graphics and menu driven applications programs become even easier to use Contact your computer store for further information ab
46. cursor addressing For a description of function calls to the graphics driver see Chapter 7 Video Graphics TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 3 TS 800 User s Manual Default Video Attributes The video display of the TS 800 can be set for normal video green characters on a black background which is the default setting by closing the ninth section of the DIP switch Reverse video black letters on a green background can be set by opening the ninth section of the DIP switch Chapter 2 shows the location of the DIP switch and illustrates the procedure for changing a switch setting See Table 2 2 for the switch settings The display intensity brightness can be adjusted with the contrast knob on the back panel of the main unit See the section called Adjusting the Contrast in Chapter 3 Video Attributes The video attributes of each character as well as the spaces blanks on the screen can be controlled to define the appearance of the screen The following attributes are available Table 5 1 Video Attributes Attribute Description Normal Video Restores the background of the screen to that selected by rear switch settings Reverse Video Changes the background of the screen to the reverse of that which appears at power on default If the screen is normally black with green characters it will now be green with black characters Underline Creates a solid line below all characters on the line including the line created by
47. d Register A as listed in the mouse functions below Se Perform a RESTART instruction RST 6 for the 8080 instruction set RST 30h for the Z80 instruction Set There are ten mouse support functions that the user may access These are listed in Table 6 4 Table 6 4 Mouse Functions Function Number Function C 0 INQUIRE Inquire if Mouse is available Inquire if hardware cursor available USER Enters nothing SYSTEM Returns Reg A 0 Mouse not available OFFh Mouse available Reg B 0 Hardware cursor not available Not applicable to current hardware OFFh Hardware cursor available Not applicable to current hardware TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 14 TS 800 User s Manual This function returns to the user a flag Register A which indicates if a mouse is available or not This flag is in C 1 INITIALIZE USER This funct itially set in the TS 800 SETUP program e This is to initialize the Mouse Enters Reg HL Initial X coordinate position of mouse 0 to 639 Reg DE Initial Y coordinate position of mouse 0 to 239 SYSTEM Returns nothing ion enables the mouse interrupt and sets the initial position of the mouse NOTE TeleVideo Systems I When the mouse is initialized the default ASCII characters for the mouse keys are implemented and the mouse key mode is set at 0 Mode 0 means that the pressing of the mouse key is treated as a keyboard entry and that the mouse s
48. e TS 800 should be within 1000 feet of the service processor Refer to the section Attaching Cables for more information Attach one end of an RS 422 interface cable to the TS 800 RS 422 connector and the other end to any one of the ports labeled USER on the rear of the TS 806 20 or TS 816 40 shown in the respective User s Manuals Switch Settings The following steps describe dip switch settings for user station operation Refer to Table 2 1 for additional switch settings l DIP switch S1 4 must be closed 2a DIP switch S1 5 must be open 3 DIP switch S1 6 must be open CONNECTING THE TS 800 AS A SERVICE PROCESSOR TERMINAL This section describes the installation of the TS 800 in the network environment as a service processor terminal In this mode the TS 800 serves as the terminal through which an operator controls the entire network it is dedicated to the service processor and cannot function as a user station Cable Connections When the TS 800 is used as a service processor terminal the cable connecting it to the central service processor should not exceed 100 feet Refer to the section Attaching Cables Attach one end of an RS 232C interface cable to the connector labeled TERMINAL on the rear of the TS 806 20 or TS 816 40 case as shown in their respective User s Manuals Attach the other end to the RS 232C connector labeled RS 232 on the rear of the TS 800 The pin assignments for the terminal connector are furnis
49. ed in a file called TW COM So the CP M transient command to execute TeleWrite is A gt tw lt CR gt The program is loaded into the user memory area or Transient Program Area TPA and begins execution When you leave TeleWrite the TPA becomes available again for another program Two of the transient command programs supplied with CP M are very useful to the beginning computer operator and they are described below For a description of the more advanced program development tools refer to one of the books recommended in Appendix C The two transient commands discussed below are STAT List the STATus of a file Use this to get an alphabetical column display of the files on your drive PIP The Peripheral Interchange Program Use this to move and to copy files TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 8 TS 800 User s Manual STAT List the Status of a File The STAT command is used for a variety of tasks The primary function is to list the status of a file or files or an entire drive on the screen STAT can also be used to change the protection status on a file or group of files Finally STAT can be used to change the status of the logical device assignments on your system To list the status of the files on a drive enter A gt stat lt CR gt This causes a column listing of the drive files in alphanumeric order This is often more useful than the DIR all on a line listing In addition to the sorted listing STAT displa
50. efix and colon off of the filename CP M assumes the currently logged drive The filename is a unique combination of letters and numbers that TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 4 TS 800 User s Manual identifies the file in the disk directory You can use one to eight characters in the filename mixing numbers and letters any way you want to arrive at a file naming scheme that is useful to you The extension is designated by a period at the end of the filename followed by three characters It is useful for identifying different types of files in the disk directory Table 4 2 lists some common filetype extensions Table 4 2 Common Filetype Extensions Extension Definition ASM Assembly program source file BAK Back up file BAS BASIC program source file COB COBOL program source file COM CP M executable file transient command DOC Document file HEX Intel hexadecimal code file REL Relocatable machine code file SUB SUBMIT command file TXT Text file System temporary file Wildcard File References In the example above you saw that you could leave off the drive prefix so that CP M would supply the currently logged drive This is handy for speeding up your file manipulation work You can also insert special wildcard characters into a file specification so that CP M can find multiple files based on a controlling prefix or extension asterisk question mark TeleVideo Systems Inc In the place of a fil
51. eleVideo Systems Inc QUICK REFERENCE GUIDE Command ESC ESC ESC or CxK ESC ESC M J or V K or ESC j H L ESC 0 ESC 1 ESC 2 3 ESC 4 ESC gt ESC lt G Page M 1 TS 800 User s Manual VISUAL ATTRIBUTES Default video green on black Invisible normal video Blink Invisible blink Reverse video reverse of default Invisible reverse Reverse and blink Invisible reverse and blink Underline Invisible underline Underline and blink Invisible underline and blink Reverse and underline Invisible reverse and underline Reverse and blink and underline Invisible reverse and blink and underline Half Intensity ON Half Intensity OFF ADDRESS READ CURSOR Address cursor row column TAB Set column tab Tab Back tab Clear tab Clear all tabs EDITING TEXT Character insert Character delete Line insert Line delete Erase to end of line Erase to end of line with nulls Erase to end of page Erase to end of page with nulls TeleVideo Systems Inc ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC ESC Q Ad AD AQNAYA AQ QA ANY Q ev So Wh eH NE lt K ui m GW NF me se O OF Page M 2 TS 800 User s Manual CLEAR Clear all to spaces Clear all to nulls Clear all to half intensity spaces
52. ename or file extension means substitute all directory entries here In the place of one or several character positions in the file specification means substitute all possible characters here Page 4 5 TS 800 User s Manual When CP M finds a wildcard ina file specification it tries to do a file match It performs the desired command on all files that match the specification For example A gt STAT BAS lt CR gt returns the status for all BAS files on the logged drive no drive prefix was given A gt stat b sam lt CR gt returns the status for all files named SAM on drive B regardless of their filetype extension Remember CP M converts lower case to upper case when you enter a command Use the wildcard for single and multiple character substitutions A gt era d lt CR gt erases all files on the logged drive that begin with d followed by up to three characters It also erases files that begin with d and have less than four characters This is known as a file match mask The following erases all files beginning with the letter d A gt era d lt CR gt RESIDENT COMMANDS When CP M is loaded into memory it includes a kernel core group of built in or resident commands These are executable directly from their home in memory CP M also has a set of transient commands which stay in the system until they are needed Transient commands are actually small programs that are loaded into mem
53. eo by telephone or in writing Buyer must prepay all freight charges to return any products to the repair facility designated by TeleVideo and include the RMA number on the shipping container TeleVideo will deliver replacements for defective products or parts on an exchange basis to Buyer freight prepaid to the Buyer or the Customer Products returned to TeleVideo under this warranty become the property of TeleVideo With respect to any product or part thereof not manufactured by TeleVideo only the warranty if any given by the manufacturer thereof applies EXCLUSIONS This limited warranty does not cover losses or damage which occur in shipment to or from Buyer or Customer or is due to 1 improper installation or maintenance misuse neglect or any cause other than ordinary commercial or industrial application or 2 adjustment repair or modifications by other than by TeleVideo authorized personnel or 3 improper environment excessive or inadequate heating or air conditioning and electrical power failures surges or other irregularities or 4 any statement made about TeleVideo s products by salesmen dealers distributors or agents unless confirmed in writing by a TeleVideo officer THE FOREGOING TELEVIDEO LIMITED WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES WHETHER ORAL WRITTEN EXPRESS IMPLIED OR STATUTORY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE DO NOT APPLY TELEVIDEO S WARRANTY OBLIGATI
54. er jnz mvi rst ret string db eg draw Hello m 120 m 250 m 150 C 4 h 400 d 120 Gy 13 hi h OFFOOh e m loopl C 6 Hello TeleVideo Systems Inc sload low byte sload high byte sload low byte sload high byte sload low byte sload high byte of y3 of y3 of x4 of x4 of y4 of y4 sperform polyline How to draw a String of graphic text Starting at location x 200 y 100 emove to command sload x coordinate sload y coordinate eset character color sset to white shl points to parameter array sload character count sstore character in array sdecrement character count sdraw string scharacter string to be drawn Page 6 24 TS 800 User s Manual sHow to fill a square with the selected fill attributes using the shorizontal scan routine c 7 Square s corner points x1 100 y1 50 x2 200 y2 50 x3 200 y3 100 s x4 100 y4 100 e e fills loop2 TeleVideo Systems Inc mvi lxi mov inx mov xchg mvi rst mvi lxi mov inx mov xchg mvi rst mvi lxi mov inx mov xchg mvi rst lxi mov inx mov xchg mvi inx mvi inx myvi inx mvi inx mvi inx mvi mvi push mvi rst pop lxi mov 15 OFFOOh 16 OFFOOh m m 0 17 OFFOOh m m OFFOOh m m 50 0 100 200 50 OFFOOh m sSet fill interior style shl points to top of parameter table sSelect cross hatch fill style sSet fill style
55. ers in monitor mode 24 lines 80 characters per line 1920 characters per screen Video attributes Half intensity Invisible fields Blinking fields Reverse video Underlined fields 7 x 8 dot matrix 8 x 10 resolution 20 cps auto repeat Typeover Clear screen to space or null Character insert and character delete Line insert and line delete Absolute cursor addressing Erase to end of line or field Line edit Left right up down address Serial Timer Interrupt Controller STI 640 pixels horizontal x 240 pixels vertical Built in firmware for graphics Page A 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX B STATEMENT OF LIMITED WARRANTY TeleVideo Systems Inc TeleVideo warrants to its distributors systems houses OEMs and national accounts Buyer that products except software manufactured by TeleVideo are free from defects in material and workmanship TeleVideo s obligations under this warranty are limited to repairing or replacing at TeleVideo s option the part or parts of the products which prove defective in material or workmanship within 180 days after shipment by TeleVideo That Buyer may pass along to its initial customer Customer a maximum of 90 days coverage within this 180 day warranty period provided that Buyer gives TeleVideo prompt notice of any defect and satisfactory proof thereof Products may be returned by Buyer only after a Return Material Authorization number RMA has been obtained from TeleVid
56. f the system To install a cable turn the connector end of the cable to fit the pin connector on the device then gently push the cable on the pin connector The screws can be finger tightened to prevent accidental cable disconnection Figure 2 7 D Shaped Cable Connector Leave some slack as you connect the cables If you are using a round cable coil it loosely and secure it with a rubberband If you are using a flat ribbon cable fold it accordion style as shown in Figure 2 8 Coiling the ribbon cable can adversely affect system performance TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 8 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 2 8 Correctly Folded Excess Ribbon Cable Connecting a Serial Printer The RS 232C serial port labeled PRINTER is ready to connect to a serial printer when the unit is shipped from the factory The TS 800 is set to work with printers that run with DTR protocol Refer to Appendices I and J for further information Be sure to read the instructions that came with your printer for correct interfacing information The TS 800 and printer should be within 50 feet of each other Refer to Appendix D for cable specifications Attach one end of an RS 232C interface cable to the port labeled PRINTER Attach the other end to the RS 232C pin connector on the printer NOTE Addresses for RS 232C ports are given in Appendix G The computer and the peripherals must run at the same speed in order to work properly This speed is called the
57. g Changing the Fuse How to Get Service e de Mld Service During Warranty On Site Service After Warranty Information Needed for Service Technical Assistance e e e e o Shipping the TS 800 APPENDICES Specifications Statement of Limited Warranty Suggested References Cable Specifications Changing the Fuse to 230 Volts Using a Two Prong Adapter Port Addresses Pin Connector Assignments Changing the Default LST Device Default Device Assignment ASCII Code Chart AND a d e e e e e e e e e e d e e e e e e e e e e e e e SERVICE e 6 e s o e e e e o e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e e o L e e e e e e e e e Page v o e e e e e e On AAAA 5 20 5 21 5 21 e s e e o e e DH ee UN ee Co mW o N N SJ SS SIS SS SI I e 0 o e oe o o VI U bob amp db WD be i TS 800 User s Manual L M Setup Program Programmer s Quick Reference Guide Page vi TS 800 User s Manual LIST OF FIGURES l 1 The TS 800 de Ri e E e 1 2 The TS 800 with Hardware PeripheralS 0 e 2 1 Example Work Space o gt o o 2 2 Keyboard Connection e e e 2 3 Power Switch Off s d 4 8 e we w amp 2 4 Power Cord Connection e e o 2 5 Rear Panel Switch 0 0
58. gulator We recommend using a line voltage regulator By using a line voltage regulator you can safeguard your system from power surges and voltage spikes that may interfere with the normal operation of your system Contact your computer store for information on availability and installation Switch Settings Switch settings control many functions including video display Most switches can be set according to your preference but some must be set in required positions During installation it is important that you check the switch settings to match your system requirements The TS 800 has one switch called a DIP switch located on the rear panel and labeled Sl See Figure 2 5 This switch contains ten sections they look like small levers These sections control various system functions Figure 2 6 illustrates the positions of the sections as they are set by TeleVideo default settings If you want to change any settings see Table 2 1 for alternative switch settings STOP The sections of the DIP switch are small individual Switches The top of each lever has a small recess that accepts the tip of a ball point pen Gently push the switch to the desired position with a pen and always give the switch a second push to make certain that it is seated properly in the position you have chosen DO NOT USE A PENCIL Pencil lead is an electrical conductor and any small grains of lead falling into the switch sections may cause a malfunctio
59. has been pressed OFFh New mouse coordinate position Or mouse key has been pressed Since last input Reg B Mouse Key Status Contains mouse key status in bits 2 l and 0 for the left middle and right mouse keys respectively If bit returned is l key is depressed 0 key is not depressed TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 16 TS 800 User s Manual C 4 TERMINATE This terminates the mouse USER Enters nothing SYSTEM Returns nothing This function terminates the mouse interrupt C 5 Mouse Key Mode USER Enters Reg A 0 The tracking of movement by the mouse is discontinued until the mouse key is released The ASCII character associated with the mouse key that is pressed is placed in the keyboard queue single character per key depression 1 The tracking of movement by the mouse continues even while the mouse key is pressed The ASCII character associated with the mouse key that is pressed is not placed in the keyboard queue SYSTEM Returns nothing NOTE In both modes the status of the three mouse keys can be inquired through mouse function C 6 Mouse Key Programming USER Enters Reg H Contains ASCII character to be associated with left mouse key Reg L Contains ASCII character to be associated with middle mouse key Reg D Contains ASCII character to be associated with right mouse key SYSTEM Returns nothing C 7 Move This moves the mouse USER Enters TeleVideo Systems
60. hed in Appendix H TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 6 TS 800 User s Manual NOTE The RS 232 port has two switch selectable configurations it can be used to attach a modem to the TS 800 stand alone system or it can be used to attach the TS 800 to a TS 806 20 or TS 816 40 as a service processor terminal A MODEM CANNOT BE ATTACHED TO THE TS 800 WHEN IT OPERATES AS A SERVICE PROCESSOR TERMINAL Switch Settings Certain switch settings are required for the TS 800 to operate as a service processor terminal 1 DIP switches 4 and 5 must be closed and 6 must be open Zi The system is set at the factory for a baud rate of 9600 but you can change this to meet the requirements of the service processor The baud rate is controlled by DIP switches S1 1 S1 2 and S1 3 on the rear of the TS 800 Make sure the TS 800 s baud rate matches that of the central service processor If you are using the TS 800 with the TS 806 20 or TS 816 40 DIP switches S1 1 S1 2 and S1 3 should be closed These settings are for 9600 baud rate Refer to Switch Settings in Chapter 2 NOTE If you are not connecting a printer or modem and are ready to use your system go to the Checklist of Installation Procedures at the end of this chapter before continuing with Chapter 3 Power On If you wish to connect a printer or modem to your system continue reading this chapter If you are adding a plotter or a mouse please follow the installation instructions that
61. in strip is broken and or if the glass is slightly black the fuse has blown and must be replaced see Figure 7 3 If the glass is totally black do not replace the fuse The problem could be with the system or with the power outlet Call your computer store Figure 7 1 Exterior Fuse Location TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 7 3 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 7 2 Good Fuse Rees eee Figure 7 3 Blown Fuse To replace the fuse slip the old fuse from the fuse holder and insert a new fuse The fuse rating is shown on a label above the fuse holder See the section called Inserting the Fuse in Chapter 2 for more information about fuses You can purchase new fuses from your computer store If the newly replaced fuse blows out immediately do not replace it with another fuse Call your computer store HOW TO GET SERVICE Your TS 800 is under a limited warranty as described in Appendix B Information about service before and after warranty is described in the following sections Service During Warranty If you need service on your TS 800 while it is under TeleVideo s limited warranty call your computer store Computer store personnel will obtain a Return Material Authorization RMA number for you Refer to the Limited Warranty in Appendix B for a detailed description of service provided under warranty In cases of emergency you might want to either pay for overnight delivery to and from TeleVideo s factory or have the unit
62. is detailed in the description of each command in the Transient Commands and Utility Programs sections of this chapter Commands for editing the command line before you send it to the computer with a lt CR gt are described in the CP M Command Lines section of this chapter The user memory area is the central region of the Random Access Memory RAM in your computer The areas above high memory and below low memory are reserved for CP M The user memory area is where transient programs are loaded and executed while CP M Surrounds and supervises the execution CP M transient commands such as STAT and PIP and applications programs are held on the diskette in COM files until they are called into memory by your command The user memory area is also called the transient program area or TPA nc Page 4 13 TS 800 User s Manual 5 PROGRAMMING THE TERMINAL EMULATOR INTRODUCTION This chapter explains the procedures that a programmer must follow to take advantage of the video attributes of the TS 800 Those users with little technical backgrouna need not read this information They should carefully read the earlier chapters of this manual as well as any documentation that accompanies the applications programs they want to run on the TS 800 SUBSYSTEMS OVERVIEW The TS 800 video display can be described as comprising several basic subsystems CPU Terminal Emulator Graphics Driver EPROM System RAM Graphics RAM
63. iting Inserting new text which pushes existing text to the right from the cursor position Deleting existing text by either character or line by moving text backward toward the cursor TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 10 TS 800 User s Manual Editing inserting and deleting can occur within the line on which the cursor is positioned Text which reaches the beginning or the end of a line by these actions are if moved further lost fall off that line Table 5 8 summarizes the effects of the available editing commands Table 5 8 Editing Commands Edit Command Character Insert Character Delete Line Insert Line Delete Erase to End of Line Escape Sequence ESC Q ESC W ESC E ESC R ESC T TeleVideo Systems Inc Effect Causes character at the cursor to move right one column position and enters a Space at the cursor position As characters are inserted characters reaching column 80 are lost If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters Deletes the character at the cursor position and moves all following characters left one position At the end of the delete function a Space is written into the last position on the line If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters Inserts a line consisting of spaces at the cursor position This causes the cursor to move to the start of the new line and all following lines
64. ition when done The string is stored in an array whose address is contained at memory locations 0FF00h and OFFOLh Character count max 126 NOTE Address of parameter array is contained in 0FF00h OFFOLh Figure 6 3 DrawString Parameter Array Contents word 1 Character count wor 2 Character 1 Word 3 Character 2 di n Word n Character n LA TETI PRA SI IDA Page 6 6 TS 800 User s Manual NOTE Figure 6 4 8x8 Graphics Character Cell TeleVideo Systems Inc A graphics character is formed by an 8 bit by 8 bit character cell The graphics character string starts at the character cell s baseline at the current X Y position The current position can be changed by the MOVETO command BASE LINE Page 6 7 TS 800 User s Manual Scan Out Horizontal Line This routine scans out a horizontal line with the current fill interior style fill style index and fill color The end points of this horizontal scan line are passed in the array as shown Figure 6 5 Scan Out Parameter Array Contents Ge tc fis See ie Oe Cw n fi te Oe Oe fuit e dio n I Y Coordinate word 1 X1 Coordinate word 2 X2 Coordinate word 3 NOTE Address of array is contained in OFFOOh and OFFO1h This routine internally adjusts the area style i e pattern or crosshatch according to the starting coordinate X Y passed to it from the
65. k Systems Inc Page K 1 cancel end of medium substitute escape file separator group separator record separator unit separator space delete TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX L SET UP PROGRAM SETUP is a menu driven utility software program for customizing the TS 800 hardware running under CP M SETUP provides capability to change systems attributes such as baud rate and printer protocol dynamically in semi real time For example a user need only to specify the new baud rate to change the baud rate of the printer SETUP makes the change to the system This change can be made permanent in the operating system and would be effective after the next reset The capability of the SETUP program is as follows T3 Change the default IOBYTE After power on or reset a default physical device is selected for each logical device based on the value of the default IOBYTE The default IOBYTE may be changed to select any one of the four physical devices associated with logical devices Za Configuration of modem port Modem port can be configured to be used as a second printer port for different printer protocols 3 Port attribute configuration Port attribute configuration allows baud rate specification for external devices such as printers or modems and the transmit receive data format 4 Turning on off mouse hardware flag for graphics 5 Autoload configuration Any command file may be automatically executed during the cold boot
66. m CR F15 A N CR An CR F16 AO CR Ao CR TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 21 TS 800 User s Manual You may program the function keys by following the procedure described here Enter the following code in the exact sequence shown SHIFT LOC ESC pl p2 message Y where pl is the number of the function key The values of pl are in Table 5 13 Table 5 13 Function Key Values Key Unshifted Shifted Fl 1 lt F2 2 F3 3 gt F4 4 F5 5 F6 6 A F7 7 B F8 8 C F9 9 D F10 E Fll F F12 G L F13 H M F14 I N F15 J O F16 K P p2 is the following value l Send to the computer message can contain up to 63 bytes per key Y is the termination character Because control escape cursor position and Similar function keys are not normally stored a P embedded in the text of the function key message may be used to store the next character entered v TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 22 TS 800 User s Manual For example assume that the message desired for key Fl is TURN ON THE PRINTER Precede this message with the following SHIFT LOC ESCI The key number 1 for key F1 The value 1 for send to computer The entry is SHIFT ESC 1 1 TURN ON THE PRINTER lt CR gt Y NOTE 1 Entering the message followed by lt CR gt enters a Carriage return at the end of the function 2 Entering the message without lt CR gt leaves the cursor at the end of the message TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 23 TS 800
67. m the cursor to the end of the line when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC LINE ERASE CHAR DELETE Deletes the character at the cursor position and moves all following characters left one position when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC CHAR DELETE LINE DELETE Deletes the line at the cursor position and all following lines move up one line when used in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC LINE DELETE RESET Used with the CTRL key to reset the system In this manual this sequence is written RESET TAB Causes the cursor to advance to the next set tab MODE The MODE key enables the user to toggle the display from graphics to alphanumerics and vice versa without affecting the running program CE The CE clear entry key erases the current line and moves the cursor back to the prompt PAGE The PAGE key is not used on the TS 800 PAGE ERASE The screen is erased from the cursor position to the bottom of the screen when keys are pressed in the sequence SHIFT LOC ESC PAGE ERASE SET UP NO SCROLL The SET UP NO SCROLL key is not used on the TS 800 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 9 TS 800 User s Manual RUNNING APPLICATIONS PROGRAMS You may have purchased an applications program such as a word processing program or an accounting program for your system The following procedures describe how to load the TeleWrite word processing program installed on the B drive of the central service processor In this example the comma
68. me ext oldname ext lt CR gt Notice that the replacement goes right to left that is the existing file comes second in the command line and will end up with the name at the beginning This parameter order is important See the transient command PIP also If you enter as a new name the name of a file that already exists you get the message FILE EXISTS TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 7 TS 800 User s Manual If you enter an incorrect file to be renamed the computer won t be able to find it and displays the message NO FILE TYPE List a File on the Screen This command displays the contents of a file on the screen A gt TYPE x filename ext lt CR gt The computer sends information to the screen as fast as it can scroll so a long file seems to fly by Use the S command to stop and start the scrolling action TRANSIENT COMMANDS CP M comes with a set of very useful utility programs called transient commands Some of them are powerful program development aids such as the text editor ED a dynamic debugging monitor DDT and a file printing routine called DUMP You can see a list of the transient commands that are on your system by typing A gt DIR COM The filetype extension COM is used to denote a file that contains an executable CP M program or COMmand Buying programs is a matter of adding to the number of COM files available to your system For example the word processing program TeleWrite is usually stor
69. med to suit applications programs This section discusses the functions of the alphanumeric keys Character Keys The character keys highlighted in Figure 5 3 include all alphabet characters A through Z numbers 0 through 9 punctuation marks and mathematical symbols All character keys repeat when pressed for more than one half second Figure 5 3 Character Keys TeleVideo Systems Inc E Page 5 15 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 5 4 Special Keys Fo Fo i uae E EEN N LINE DELETE Special Keys Table 5 10 summarizes the function of the special keys which are highlighted in Figure 5 4 Table 5 10 Function of Special Keys Key Name Description Space Bar Causes a blank space to appear on the display and transmits an ASCII space code SHIFT Selects upper character inscribed on a key changes operation of most special keys and capitalizes alpha characters ALPHA LOCK Locks the SHIFT keys so that all alpha keys transmit codes for upper case characters The key is pressed to lock and pressed again to release TAB Moves the cursor forward to typewriter tabs The cursor moves to the next tab setting in that line When it reaches the last tab setting in that line it stops If the cursor is beyond the last tab set on a line pressing TAB has no effect TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 16 TS 800 User s Manual BACK TAB Moves the cursor backward to typewriter tabs If no tab has been set between the fir
70. mory and loading the operating system program or programs On the TS 800 a cold boot is started by turning on the power or by pressing RESET simultaneously By entering a C you cause CP M to re start itself press the CTRL and C keys simultaneously The system prompt looks like this A gt When it is displayed at the left side of your screen CP M is ready for you to enter your next command The logged drive is the disk drive that CP M is currently working from The letter in the system prompt indicates the currently logged drive If you enter a transient command this is the drive that CP M searches to load the command The kernel of CP M is loaded once into a special area in memory and resides there until memory is cleared with a cold boot or reset The resident commands are a part of this kernel so the system can execute them without referring to the service processor for more information TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 12 TS 800 User s Manual Transient Program Command Line User Memory Area TeleVideo Systems I This is any applications program or CP M command that is stored on the drive in a COM file When you issue a command to use the programs in these files the programs are loaded into the user memory area transient program area executed and then cleared from memory This is the text line that you type to the right of the system prompt The format of the input line for each command
71. n Figure 2 5 Rear Panel Switch DIP SWITC 1 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 4 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 2 6 Default Switch Sections as set by TeleVideo CLOSED NOT USED OPEN GREEN ON BLACK SCREEN CLOSED NOT USED CLOSED REQUIRED OPEN REQUIRED OPEN REQUIRED CLOSED REQUIRED CLOSED BAUD RATE CLOSED BAUD RATE CLOSED BAUD RATE Table 2 1 lists all the possible settings for the DIP switch Read through the table and set the sections according to your requirements Table 2 1 Switch Settings Section 1 2 4 6 7 10 Default Setting set to right or left closed right closed right closed right closed right open left closed right open left closed right closed right open left closed right closed right Required settings TeleVideo Systems Inc Function Baud rate see Table 2 3 Baud rate see Table 2 3 Baud rate see Table 2 3 Workstation default Service processor terminal Not used Green on black screen default Black on green screen Not used Page 2 5 TS 800 User s Manual CONNECTING THE TS 800 AS A WORKSTATION This section describes the installation of the TS 800 in the network environment as a workstation In this mode the user has access to shared resources and files although each user has his own independently operating system software Cable Connections When operating as a workstation th
72. nd to call up TeleWrite is TW Find the call up command for you applications program in the documentation that accompanies it SYSTEM Displays A gt USER To make B the logged drive enter b lt CR gt SYSTEM Displays B gt USER To start TeleWrite enter tw lt CR gt At this point TeleWrite or your applications program is loaded into the workstation from the B drive on the central service processor From here follow the instructions that came with the applications program Using CP M the Operating System When you start the system and you see the A gt prompt you are in CP M the operating system for the TS 800 The operating system contains all the instructions that make the computer work It also contains some programs and commands that can be useful to you as you use your applications programs When you type in commands CP M recognizes either upper or lower case letters even though its responses are in capital letters See Chapter 4 for a complete description of CP M and its many uses TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 10 TS 800 User s Manual 4 USING CP M THE OPERATING SYSTEM INTRODUCTION TO CP M CP M stands for Control Program Monitor or Control Program for Microcomputers CP M is a computer program just like a word processor or accounts payable package CP M is called an operating system because it controls all the operations and programs in your computer CP M controls the read and write operations
73. nvisible reverse and underline and blink ESC G Half intensity on ESC by dp OC Half intensity off Escape Sequences for Clearing the Screen The clear function is used to clear data from screen memory Clear commands are Summarized in Table 5 3 Table 5 3 Clear Commands Escape Sequences Clear Escape Command Sequence Effect Clear ESC Clears all data on the page to nulls All or to half intensity nulls if half to Nulls intensity is on Clear ESC Clears all data on the page to half All to intensity spaces Half Intensity Spaces Clear ESC or Clears all data on the page to spaces All to Zo or to half intensity spaces if half Spaces intensity is on TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 6 TS 800 User s Manual Clear All ESC Clears all data on the page to nulls to Nulls Resets half intensity and Reset Half Intensity Escape Sequences for Cursor Display The cursor display may appear any one of five ways To change the appearance of the cursor enter one of the following escape sequences Table 5 4 Cursor Display Escape Sequences Appearance Command Cursor not displayed ESC 0 Blinking block cursor ESC 1 Steady block cursor ESC 2 Blinking underline cursor ESC 3 Steady underline cursor ESC 4 Cursor Control The cursor can be directed to a location on the screen by using the cursor control commands in Table 5 5 or by sending the cursor to a screen address as described in the section
74. of your system follow the directions to install it Installation includes finding a suitable location checking and attaching the components setting switches and determining the power requirements Included in this chapter are directions for connecting a printer modem and mouse SELECTING THE RIGHT LOCATION Select a sturdy level surface Leave at least four inches of free space around the enclosure for proper air flow Figure 2 1 Example Work Space General Environment The TS 800 operates best at temperatures and humidity levels in which you are also comfortable Sudden and drastic temperature changes may adversely affect your stored data The system requires a clean environment free of contaminants such as dust and smoke Excessive moisture or oil particles in the air can hinder the performance of the system TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 1 TS 800 User s Manual CHECKLIST OF COMPONENTS As you unpack check to make sure you received the following items i TS 800 including Keyboard Main unit with CRT screen Power cord Za Documentation consisting of TS 800 User s Manual NOTE IF ANY ITEM IS MISSING CONTACT YOUR COMPUTER STORE BEFORE PROCEEDING WITH THE INSTALLATION Reader Comment Card Your comments about this manual are welcome To facilitate this we have provided a Reader Comment Card in the back of the manual Please take a moment to complete and return the card after you have installed yo
75. on Cursor Addressing in this chapter Table 5 5 Cursor Control Commands Cursor Control Control Code Effect Up K Moves the cursor up one line until it encounters the top of the screen Once it reaches the top of the screen receipt of further codes has no effect Down V Moves the cursor down one line If the cursor is on the bottom line of the screen the code has no effect Left H Functions the same as BACKSPACE Moves the cursor to the left If the cursor is currently in the first column of the line it moves to the last column of the preceding line If the cursor is on home it has no effect TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 7 TS 800 User s Manual Right L Moves the cursor right one column If the cursor is at column 80 the cursor moves to the first column of the next line If the cursor is at the last column of the last line it causes the screen to scroll upand moves the cursor to the first column of the new line Home Moves the cursor to column one of the first line If the cursor is already at the home position the code has no effect Carriage M Moves the cursor left to column one of Return the current line Line Feed J Moves the cursor down one line If the cursor is on the bottom line it causes the screen to scroll up one line The cursor stays in the same position To move the cursor up one line reverse linefeed send ESC j A reverse linefeed moves the cursor up one line for each reve
76. one patterns Fill Style Index 1 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 20 TS 800 User s Manual Fill Style Index 2 Fill StyleIndex3 Fill Style Index 4 Fill Style Index 5 Fill Style Index 6 Fill Style Index 7 Fill Style Index 0 Fill StyleIndexl Fill Style Index 2 Fill Style Index 3 Fill StyleIndex4 Fill Style Index 5 Fill Style Index 6 Fill StyleIndex7 octagon X TeleVideo Systems Inc ll 12 13 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 Cross hatch patterns Vertical Horizontal Diagonal 45 degrees Diagonal 45 degrees Vertical Horizontal Vertical Diagonal 45 Vertical Diagonal 45 Cross diagonals Marker symbols Dot Plus Sign Star Octagon X Page 6 21 TS 800 User s Manual SP 9 e e e Gan DEL RUB 30 31 32 33 126 127 Printable ASCII characters SAMPLE GRAPHICS ACCESS PROGRAM USING 8080 ASSEMBLY CODE main f sHow to d start cseg org call call call call call jmp 100 start text line plylin fill 0 sinitialize graphics clear screen sdraw graphic text sdraw a line using moveto and lineto sdraw using poly line sfill a square using horizontal scan sexit to CP M initialize to graphics mode and clear the graphics display mvi rst mvi rst mvi lxi rst ret Cy I 5 Ci 2 5 c 14 h 1 5 TeleVideo Systems Inc sinitialize to graphic mode sclear graphics display sset writing mode to replace mode
77. oper cables can result in noncompliance with FCC regulations Figure D 1 RS 232C Figure D 2 RS 422 10 CONDUCTOR CABLE 22 AWG ATLAS 200 22 10L BELDEN 8456 LL CONNECTOR HOUSING 5 ae N WIRING DIAGRAM PO ALDI INA CIA 5 KF NINT NT K e 7 ay new SUB MINI D TYPE CONNECTOR 25 PIN MALE 15 CONDUCTOR CABLE 222 AWG ATLAS 200 22 1t5L CONNECTOR HOUSING PI WIRING DIAGRAM P ODINO N amo am I a E e I a O OOS yr SUB MINI D TYPE CONNECTOR lo TeleVideo Systems Inc Page D 1 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX E CHANGING THE FUSE TO 230 VOLTS This appendix explains how to change the fuse and voltage switch to allow the TS 800 to be used on the 230 volt international power standard The TS 800 is shipped with the fuse installed to correspond to 115 volts You will need a 75A fuse to operate on 230 volts Table E 1 Fuse Table Maximum Amperes Fuse Voltage Power Standards 1 5 250V 115V U S ls 250V 230V International To change the fuse to correspond to 230V be sure that the power is turned off and the power plug is not connected Unscrew the fuse holder from the back panel of unit and remove the 1 5A fuse Place one end of the 75A fuse into the holder and insert the fuse into the unit Press gently while screwing the holder back into place See Figure E l Figure E l Fuse Changing the Voltage Switch to 230 Volts The sys
78. or Index AND Pattern J NOTE Plane refers to the Graphics Display The Color Index and Pattern corresponds to the respective output primitive selected such as text line Or fill TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 11 TS 800 User s Manual 15 16 Table 6 3 Graphics Styles Current Interior Style Hollow Solid Pattern TeleVideo Systems Inc le e MQ Get Fill Interior Style This routine sets the type of interior style to be used in the horizontal scan routine The style selected is passed on the first word of the parameter array array Style word 1 Table 6 2 Fill Interior Styles Style Style 0 Hollow 1 Solid 2 Pattern 3 Cross hatch Fill Style Index This routine sets the style index of the currently selected interior style The style index only affects the pattern and cross hatch interior styles The style index is passed on the first word of the parameter array Style Index array word 1 Style Index Comment None Style Index has no effect None Style Index has no effect Low Intensity High Intensity Page 6 12 TS 800 User s Manual Cross Hatch 17 C 17 18 RESERVED 19 C 19 THE MOUSE Vertical Horizontal Diagonal 45 degrees Diagonal 45 degrees Vertical Horizontal Vertical Diagonal 45 degrees Vertical Diagonal 45 degrees Cross Diagonals J5AUAWNE_ S Fill Color Index This routine affects the area style to be written into memory in the following w
79. orkstation A system reset or reset is similar to the cold boot A reset will terminate all current activity and then clear system memory and reload the operating system All data in memory that has not been saved on disk is lost Restart the system if you have a problem with a program and you wish to start again or if the system does not respond correctly For example you would reset the system when the cursor freezes To reset your system press the CTRL and the RESET RESET keys Simultaneously TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 2 TS 800 User s Manual A warm boot is primarily used to interrupt and stop the execution of a CP M command When you press C the warm boot command the System prompt appears on the screen Applications programs have their own warm boot commands to allow you to return to the operating system prompt To warm boot the TS 800 enter C press the CTRL and C keys simultaneously either as the first character entered in response to a system prompt or in applications programs when allowed Self Tests During Power On and Reset When the TS 800 is first powered on several tests are performed to check the system functions These tests make sure there are no hardware problems that could prevent the operating system from loading damage the user programs or destroy data If there are any parts that do not pass the tests an error message appears on the screen This message states the problem and then s
80. ors or damage to the system If you have any doubt about the line voltages at your location ask your dealer to check out your facility before proceeding with the installation Figure F 1 Two Prong Power Cord Connection TWO PRONG CONNECTION WITH PIGTAIL GROUND THREE PRONG CONNECTION TeleVideo Systems Inc Page F 1 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX G PORT ADDRESSES Table G 1 Port Addresses Description Hex Address Read Write Dip switch OOH STI PORT 20H 2FH modem port Dart Channel Description Dart Channel A Data 30H R W keyboard Dart Channel A Command Status 32H R W keyboard Dart Channel B Data 31H R W print out Dart Channel B Command Status 33H R W mouse in SIO Option Port Channel A RS 422 data 40H R W command status 42H R W Channel B not used data 41H R W command status 43H R W System Control Port 1 10H W DO LED 0 active low DI LED 1 active low System Control Port 2 11H W DO LED 2 active low D1 LED 3 active low System Control Port 3 12H W DO RS 422 enable active low DI RS 422 WAIT enable active low System Control Port 4 13H W DO 0 and Dl DO 1 and Di DO 0 and Dl 0 Enable memory bank 0 0 Enable memory bank 1 1 Enable memory bank 2 See Appendix C for suggested references for the Mostek STI chip TeleVideo Systems Inc Page G 1 TS 800 User s Manual Control Register for Alpha or Graphics Mode Selection C4H o W Bit 0 0 alpha mode l graphics mode
81. ory when you call them with a CP M command line they are cleared from memory when they are through executing that is why they are called transient This section describes the CP M command line format for each of the resident commands The resident commands discussed below are DIR List a directory ERA Erase a file REN Rename a file TYPE Display or list a file on the screen TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 6 TS 800 User s Manual Unrecognized Commands If you type in a command that is not recognized by CP M usually by making a typing error CP M repeats the command as you entered it on the next line followed by a question mark A gt statt lt CR gt STATT A gt DIR List a Directory The DIR command displays a directory of the files on a drive A gt dir x filename ext lt CR gt Typing dir lt CR gt gives you a full directory listing for the currently logged drive You can narrow the listing down or list the directory for a different drive by supplying a file specification with or without wildcard characters ERA Erase a File The ERA command erases the file or files specified A gt era x filename ext lt CR gt In the special case of erase all files on a drive A gt era b lt CR gt ERA responds with a safety verification ALL Y N Type Y to erase all the files N to cancel the command followed by lt CR gt REN Rename a File The REN command is used to rename a file in the directory A gt ren newna
82. ou type in SYSTEM 2 Screen Display What you see on your screen Read the entire procedure before beginning the operation and completely read the step you are working in before entering a response Many steps offer a choice All user actions are shown in bold print Notation Conventions Throughout this manual the following symbols are used to describe user actions Table 1 1 Notation Conventions Symbol Key Action lt CR gt RETURN This symbol indicates that you are Carriage Return to press the RETURN key C CTRL Control C This symbol indicates that you are to press the CTRL and C keys simultaneously The symbol can be used with any alphanumeric character ESC LOC ESC ESC This notation indicates that you Escape are to press the LOC ESC ESC key This symbol when used between two keys indicates that you are to press the two keys simultaneously For example SHIFT LOC ESC indicates to press the SHIFT and LOC ESC keys at the same time Programmer s Quick Reference Guide The Programmer s Quick Reference Guide summarizes all control and escape commands for display control as well as the switch settings for installation See Appendix M and the reference card TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 1 5 TS 800 User s Manual 2 SETTING UP YOUR TS 800 INTRODUCTION Your TS 800 was tested and inspected before it was packed for shipment Inspect it carefully when you receive it After identifying the parts
83. out TeleVideo s SuperMouse Hardware The hardware in the TS 800 includes the various parts of the computer These include the main unit and the keyboard The TS 800 is connected to one of TeleVideo s networking systems through the RS 422 port on the rear panel of the workstation Figure 1 2 shows the TS 800 with other possible hardware peripherals that your system can accept Figure 1 2 TS 800 with Hardware Peripherals Software TeleVideo s networking systems are controlled by the MmmOST operating system MmmOST is the operating system for the central service processor MmmOST is an acronym for Multi user Multi processor Multi tasking Operating System Technology When the central service processor is turned on MmmOST is loaded into memory to control the functions of the entire networking system When the TS 800 is turned on MmmOST will load the CP M operating System into the memory of the TS 800 CP M then controls all of the basic functions of the TS 800 workstation Chapter four of this manual is an introduction to the CP M operating system TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 1 3 TS 800 User s Manual Software for the TS 800 consists of those applications programs that have been installed on the central service processor There are two types of applications programs available to the network user Single user programs such as Word processing Business graphics Financial planning and analysis Software development
84. owing occurs The terminal emulator receives an ESC sequence You reset the system by pressing RESET simultaneously This might result in data loss KEYCLICK AND BELL You can control the keyclick the noise made as each key is activated and sound the bell with the following code sequences Table 5 11 Keyboard Audio Commands Function Command Keyclick on ESC gt Keyclick off ESC lt Ring bell G TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 20 TS 800 User s Manual FUNCTION KEYS The function keys Fl through F16 send a user defined or default code For example the user defined code may be a frequently used escape or control code sequence in a text editing application There are sixteen function keys using them in combination with SHIFT allows up to 32 sets of codes to be transmitted Programming the Function Keys When the terminal is first turned on the function keys are already programmed with default messages If you do not program the function keys the default values shown in Table 5 12 are transmitted by each function key Table 5 12 Default Function Key Values Key Unshifted Code Shifted Code Fl A CR A CR F2 A A CR Aa CR F3 AB CR Ab CR F4 AC CR Ac CR F5 AD CR A d CR F6 A E CR A e CR F7 AF CR A CR F8 A G CR Ag CR F9 AH CR Ah CR F10 AI CR A i CR Fll A J CR A 3 CR F12 A K CR Ak CR F13 AL CR A 1 CR F14 AM CR A
85. r DDT USERCPM4 DAT SYSTEM 5 Displays DDT VERS X Y NEXT PC WXYZ 0100 USER 6 Enter S17DA SYSTEM 7 Displays 17DA 15 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page I 1 TS 800 User s Manual USER Table I l Available Code 15 55 95 D5 SYSTEM USER SYSTEM USER SYSTEM USER 8 ENTER 95 lt CR gt where 15 is the code to enable TTY device and 95 changes it to LPT Table G 1 lists the available device codes Device Codes Device TTY Serial printer pin 20 for DTR through service processor CRT Second Serial printer through service processor LPT Parallel printer through service processor UL1 Serial printer pin 20 for DTR in local station 9 Displays 17DB 0D This is the next hexadecimal address 10 Enter e lt CR gt Be sure to enter a period before lt CR gt This is entered because you do not want to change this address ll Displays 12 Enter C 13 Displays A gt 14 To save the modified file enter SAVE 52 USERCPM4 DAT TeleVideo Systems Inc Page I 2 TS 800 User s Manual SYSTEM 15 Displays A gt Now you can test your modified system by reloading MmmOST in service processor refer to MmmOST reference manual and by rebooting your TS 800 system TeleVideo Systems Inc Page I 3 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX J DEFAULT DEVICE ASSIGNMENT CON CRT RDR TTY PUN TTY LST ULl ULl device uses Data Terminal Ready DTR as the response to
86. r on SYSTEM PROMPT AND THE LOGGED DRIVE When CP M is successfully loaded into memory from the system the system prompt is displayed at the left margin of your screen A gt The system prompt tells you that CP M is waiting for your next command which will be displayed to the right of the greater than character as you type it in The A in the prompt tells you that the logged drive is disk drive A The logged drive is the disk drive that CP M is currently working from For example if you want to look up the status using the STAT command for a file on disk and you don t specify which disk drive the file is on CP M assumes that you mean the logged drive You can change the logged drive with this command A gt b lt CR gt B gt The second line is CP M s response showing you that the logged drive is now B and that it is ready for another command CP M COMMAND LINES CP M takes your commands in the form of a command line A command line is a string of characters that names the command and supplies any data necessary such as a filename The command line is terminated and sent to the computer for processing when you press the RETURN lt CR gt key CP M also accepts several control characters such as PC as commands These are directly interpreted without entering lt CR gt and are useful for editing a command line or entering an override command TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 2 TS 800 User s Manual Upper and Lo
87. rite mode Initialize the mouse to 0 0 Draw dot at 0 0 If mouse has moved then update dot or else wait until mouse moves Load new X coordinate Load new Y coordinate Draw new dot CP M call direct console I O Set input flag If key has been depressed then quit Or else continue Initialize to alpha mode Warm reboot to operating system Page 6 19 TS 800 User s Manual draw lhid mousy xchg lhla mousx mvi c 4 rst 5 lhid mousy xchg lhld mousx mvi C 5 s Draw dot rst 5 ret mousx dw 0 Mouse s current X coordinate mousy dw 0 Mouse s current Y coordinate end GRAPHIC CHARACTER FONT Table 6 5 is a map of the graphic characters associated with each ASCII character The font is stored in the EPROM Each cell of the font can be individually accessed through the DRAWSTRING function Internally this is done as follows Li The ASCII character sent by the USER through the DRAWSTRING routine in Table 6 1 is used as an index into the graphics character font as shown in Table 6 5 Da From the font the graphics routines can access the bytes that comprise the graphics character desired as shown in Figure 6 4 NOTE Sixteen area fill styles have also been stored in the FONT These styles were stored in place of sixteen non printable control characters as shown in Table 6 e Table 6 5 Character Font ASCII Contents Code Description NULL 0 Control codes SOH 1 STX 2 ETX 3 Fill Style Index0 4 Half t
88. roperly connected to the Service Processor Switch Sl set correctly For all peripheral devices TS 800 is connected to a serial printer and or a are they connected and located within the distance specified the answer to all of these is YES then you are ready to go on Chapter 3 Power On TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 12 TS 800 User s Manual 3 POWER ON INTRODUCTION This chapter gives a step by step guide for turning on your workstation adjusting the contrast and understanding and using the keys on the keyboard There is also a section how to use applications programs The last section shows you how to turn the computer off INITIAL START UP This section describes the process of starting up the TS 800 in the MmmOST network Powering Up the TS 800 as a Workstation Li 2 7 Check the switch settings refer to the section Switch Settings under Connecting the TS 800 as a Workstation Make sure the service processor is on and has successfully booted from the hard disk drive Locate the power switch on the rear of the TS 800 Power up the system See Figure 3 1 Look for this message on the TS 800 screen TeleVideo Systems xxk CP M V2 2 c 1983 TeleVideo Systems Inc Distributed Processor TS 800 V x y Processor ID xx lt gt y CP M is now in the TS 800 memory and you are ready to operate If this message does not appear refer to the troubleshooting chapter of the Central Service Processor
89. rse linefeed code received The screen scrolls down one line when the cursor reaches the top line of the screen As the display scrolls down one line anew line of data appears at line one of the screen and the last line of the display is deleted The data consists of spaces Cursor Addressing The computer can also position the cursor to a specific location without repetitive cursor movement commands This is called loading or addressing the cursor To address the cursor enter ESC rc where r is the desired row line Refer to Table 5 6 to find the ASCII code representing the desired row cC is the desired column Refer to Table 5 6 to find the ASCII code representing the desired column TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 8 TS 800 User s Manual Note If your applications program inserts nulls between characters loading the cursor does not function as described Instead the cursor goes to an unpredictable position For example if you want the cursor to go to Row 9 of Column 50 send ESC Q Table 5 6 Cursor Coordinates Row ASCII Code ASCII Code ASCII Code Column Transmitted Column Transmitted Column Transmitted 1 Space 33 65 2 34 A 66 a 3 i 35 B 67 b 4 36 C 68 c 5 37 D 69 d 6 38 E 70 e 7 amp 39 F 71 f 8 40 G 72 g 9 41 H 73 h 10 42 I 74 i 11 43 J 75 j 12 44 K 76 k 13 45 L 77 1 14 46 M 78 m 15 47 N 79 n 16 48 O 80 O 17 0 49 P 18 1 50 Q 19 2 51 R 20 3 5
90. serviced by one of the third party service centers If a third party service center repairs it under warranty you will be invoiced by them for labor charges Your computer store personnel can help you arrange for emergency warranty repair On Site Service After Warranty You can obtain on site service after warranty from any of the third party service centers Information Needed for Service When you call for service you will be asked for the serial number of your system The serial number is located on a label at the top center of the rear panel Figure 7 4 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 7 4 TS 800 User s Manual For future reference note the serial number the date you took delivery and the name and phone number of your computer store and service center in the space below Model TS 800 Serial No Delivery Date Dealer Phone No Computer Store No Figure 7 4 Serial Number SERIAL NUMBER TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE If you have any technical problems with your TS 800 call your computer store SHIPPING THE TS 800 If you need to ship the TS 800 pack the unit in the original TeleVideo shipping container or use other suitable materials TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 7 5 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX A TS 800 SPECIFICATIONS MICROPROCESSOR MEMORY CPU MEMORY OPERATING SYSTEM INPUT OUTPUT SERIAL I O POWER REQUIREMENTS EXTERNAL U S INTERNATIONAL POWER CONSUMPTION POWER CORD ENCLOSURE DIME
91. spj O del 4 U U ri 3 3 0 O OG ca 3 2 igure 3 2 Contrast Knob F a O x H lt SC 2 Q O KEY DESCRIPTIONS eric th a separate num The keyboard has a Selectric style format wi This means that the keyboard operates like a typewriter with many of the same special keys and capabilities to do tabbing and other typewriter functions keypad for accounting applications Figure 3 3 Keyboard TeleVideo Systems Inc TS 800 User s Manual Character Keys The character keys that are highlighted in Figure 3 3 are arranged as they are on a typewriter The character keys include all alphabet characters A through Z numbers 0 through 9 punctuation marks and mathematical symbols All character keys repeat when pressed for more than one half second Special Keys There are several special keys that make inputting information easier The three sections on the following pages include descriptions of the special keys on each side of the main keypad and the special keys on the numeric keypad Many of the special keys are not programmed to be used according to their labels when you are using CP M the operating system Therefore if you use them you may see some symbols and characters on the screen that do not seem to make any sense A programmer can customize these keys to a specific applications program The following descriptions are a general guide for what each key does when yo
92. st column position and the cursor position the cursor moves to the first column position CTRL Control Generates normally nondisplayed ASCII control codes 32 when used with another key The control key combinations are used for Special action by the terminal and or the applications program in the computer When the CTRL key is used with an alpha or symbol key the output data of the character which is typed becomes 00 through 1F Hex thus changing the code transmitted by that character For example if M alone is pressed the code for M is sent If you press M the code for lt CR gt is sent LOCAL ESC ESC The ESC key sends an ASCII code for escape to Escape the display processor The key is generally used to momentarily leave escape an applications program in order to use a special feature or function Another function of the ESC key is to display on the screen the next control character entered This avoids having to use the system mode monitor feature When the display is in the alphanumeric mode the SHIFT LOC ESC key sequence allows you to change or access the display attributes without transmitting them to the computer After the SHIFT ESC key sequence is pressed the next character entered will be interpreted as a command by the terminal NOTE The ESC key is used with another character s in the command sequence i e the ESC key is pressed and released before the second key is pressed RETURN and ENTE
93. tem Multi user CP M Current Mouse status OFF Select modification category 1 To attach mouse 2 To detach mouse 3 To change CP M default I O byte 4 To change Printer port BAUD rate 5 To change Modem port BAUD rate 6 To change Printer port data format 7 To change Modem port data format 8 To change Autoload file name 9 To save current configuration permanently and return to CP M 10 To save current configuration temporarily and return to CP M 11 To abandon this setup lt Enter appropriate number followed by lt CR gt or CTRL C to return to CP M TeleVideo Systems Inc Page L 4 TS 800 User s Manual USER 11 Enter 9 lt CR gt if you wish to save current configuration permanently SYSTEM 12 Displays End of execution A gt if the system currently logged is drive A USER 13 Reset the system by pressing simultaneously RESET The baud rate for the printer should now be permanently changed TeleVideo Systems Inc Page L 5 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX M PROGRAMMER S Table M 1 Escape Sequence List Function MONITOR Monitor mode ON Monitor mode OFF DISABLE ENABLE KEYBOARD Disable keyboard Enable keyboard CURSOR Home Carriage return Linefeed cursor down Cursor up Backspace cursor left Cursor right Cursor off Blinking block cursor Steady block cursor Blinking underline cursorESC Steady underline cursor KEYCLICK AND BELL Keyclick on Keyclick off Ring bell T
94. tem is configured at the factory for 115 Vac 60 Hz To change the voltage configuration to 230 Vac you need to change the voltage switch on the back panel of the system TeleVideo Systems Inc Page E 1 TS 800 User s Manual The voltage switch is locked into place with a removable bar To remove the bar and switch from 115 Vac to 230 Vac follow these directions STOP l Using a Phillips screw driver remove the screw from the bottom of the bar that spans the 230V side of the switch See Figure E 2 Figure E 2 Voltage Switch 115V 230V SWITCH Carefully remove the bar Firmly push the switch to the 230V position to the right Fit the top horizontal section carefully into the slot above the 115V position Match the screw hole of the bar with that under the 115V position Insert and tighten screw Contact your dealer if you are not sure that your power requirements match that of the unit Trying to operate the unit with the wrong power configuration can seriously damage the system TeleVideo Systems Inc Page E 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX F USING A TWO PRONG ADAPTER The TS 800 has a three prong plug If you use it with a two prong adapter ground it with a pigtail See Figure F l Internally the power cord wires are color coded as follows Green Earth ground Black Primary power hot White Primary power return neutral STOP Incorrect or fluctuating line voltages can cause disk err
95. the first column position of the next line If the cursor is at the end of the screen it scrolls up the screen The DEL key sends an ASCII DEL character to the computer The cursor moves to the left and deletes the character to the left Replaces all characters on the screen with spaces If half intensity is on the screen is cleared to half intensity spaces Same as ESC or ESC or Z Shifted CLEAR SPACE clears the graphics display whether or not the graphics is being displayed at the time Fach function key sends a three code sequence to the computer This sequence may initiate a special form or subroutine in the program TeleVideo Systems I that causes the video display to display or perform a particular function nc Page 5 18 TS 800 User s Manual MODE This key enables the user to toggle the display from graphics to alphanumerics and vice versa without affecting the running program CHAR INSERT Causes the character at the cursor to move right one column position and enters a space at the cursor position As characters are inserted characters reaching column 80 are lost If half intensity is on half intensity spaces replace the erased characters LINE INSERT Inserts a line consisting of spaces at the cursor position This causes the cursor to move to the start of the new line and all following lines to move down one line resulting in the loss of the last line of the page If half intensity is on half
96. tion and CP M use Organization and presentation are outstanding Zaks Rodney The CP M Handbook with MP M SyBex 2344 Sixth Street Berkeley CA 94710 415 848 8233 Giving very complete details of CP M this book gives more detail than many beginners will want CP M Summary Guide for Versions 1 4 and 2 X edited by Bruce Brigham The Rosetta Stone Post Office Box 35 Glastonbury CT 06025 203 633 8490 Murtha Stephen M and Mitchell Waite CP M Primer Howard W Sams amp Co Inc 4300 West 62nd St Indianapolis IN 46268 An excellent introduction to both CP M and microcomputers Townsend Carl How to Get Started with CP M Dilithium Press Post Office Box 606 Beaverton OR 97075 A succinct discussion of CP M Also includes a listing of CP M software suppliers TeleVideo Systems Inc Page C 1 TS 800 User s Manual 7 CP M User Manual Digital Research P O Box 579 Pacific Grove CA 93950 Published by Digital Research you can find this reference book at your computer store 8 Mostek for the STI Chip 1215 W Crosby Rd Carrollton TX 75006 9 GSX 80 User Manual Digital Research P O Box 579 Pacific Grove CA 95950 TeleVideo welcomes comments from you about these books as well as names of others which you find useful TeleVideo Systems Inc Page C 2 TS 800 User s Manual APPENDIX D CABLE SPECIFICATIONS The cables that you use should be no more than 50 feet long Use of impr
97. to the Terminal Emulator The Terminal Emulator is a gate array processor that intercepts escape sequences when they are sent from the CPU to the console device and sets the appropriate terminal attribute or function These escape sequences are ASCII characters sent in a sequential array just as in normal terminal communications The typical escape sequence is indicated by an ASCII character 27 decimal value ESC Some of the cursor control functions are represented by ASCII control characters For example the cursor up function is K ASCII character 11 decimal TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 5 5 TS 800 User s Manual You can send a local escape to the Terminal Emulator directly from the keyboard by passing the CPU by pressing the SHIFT and LOC ESC SHIFT LOC ESC keys simultaneously This allows you to experiment with the terminal attributes without a code compile run overhead problem Table 5 2 Escape Sequences for Video Attributes Attribute Escape Sequence Normal default video ESC G 0 Invisible normal video ESC G 1 Blink ESC G 2 Invisible blink ESC G 3 Reverse video reverse of default ESC G 4 Invisible reverse ESC G 5 Reverse and blink ESC G 6 Invisible reverse and blink ESC G 7 Underline ESC G 8 Invisible underline ESC G 9 Underline and blink ESC G Invisible underline and blink ESC G Reverse and underline ESC G lt Invisible reverse and underline ESC G Reverse and underline and blink ESC G gt I
98. to the network s disk drives It loads the various applications programs that you want to run and supervises their execution It organizes the data for communications to a printer or over a modem to a remote station One way to think of CP M is as the personality that resides in your computer it is the over all set of commands that you use to run everything else on your system CP M TERMS As you read through this chapter look for the following technical terms cold boot warm boot system prompt logged drive resident command transient command command line user memory area operating system They describe some basic concepts in computing By mastering these few terms you will find yourself inside the computerese club To help you there is a review of the terms at the end of this chapter STARTING UP CP M There are several steps for starting your system and activating the operating system Most of them were described in previous chapters The following is a quick review of those steps as they relate to CP M TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 1 TS 800 User s Manual Reset Command The following paragraphs explain how to use the CP M commands If you enter a command that doesn t seem to work or if the system freezes after you enter a command remember that you can always re start cold boot CP M by pressing RESET The computer will clear memory and re load the CP M operating system This is the same as turning the powe
99. tops tracking its movement until the key is released The ASCII character associated with the mouse key can be altered through mouse function 6 The character placed in the keyboard queue because of the mouse key depression can be retrieved through a BDOS call such as BDOS function 6 Use a CP M BDOS CALL to access the characters placed in the keyboard queue For example BDOS CALL FUNCTION 6 ld c 6 sdirect console Input Output ld e Offh sset input flag call 5 BDOS CALL BDOS returns character in Register A or loads Register A with 0 if no character is available nc Page 6 15 TS 800 User s Manual The current status of the mouse keys up down can be inquired through mouse function 3 The default ASCII characters are as follows Mouse Key left ASCII character 32 space Mouse Key middle ASCII character 33 1 Mouse Key right ASCII character 34 C 2 RANGE Inquires for the Mouse s coordinate range USER Enters nothing SYSTEM Returns Reg HL Mouse s X coordinate range 640 Reg DE Mouse s Y coordinate range 240 This function returns to the user the X Y coordinate range of the mouse C 3 INPUT This returns the mouse coordinates to the user USER Enters nothing SYSTEM Returns Reg HL Mouse s current X coordinate position Reg DE Mouse s current Y coordinate position Reg A 0 No change in mouse coordinate position since last input or no mouse key
100. u are using CP M Programmers can refer to the Keyboard section in Chapter 6 for a more detailed description of the keys Figure 3 4 Special Keys 1 ARRE TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 3 5 TS 800 User s Manual Table 3 1 Special Keys 1 Key Name Space Bar SHIFT ALPHA LOCK TAB BACK TAB CTRL Control LOC ESC ESC Fl through F16 Function Keys PRINT Description Works like the space bar on a typewriter Like the SHIFT key ona typewriter it selects the upper character inscribed on a key changes operation of most special keys and capitalizes alpha characters Like the typewriter SHIFT key it must be pressed down simultaneously with the key to be shifted In this manual when you see SHIFT it means to simultaneously press SHIFT and the key that follows the slash Locks the SHIFT keys so that all alpha keys are upper case characters The key is pressed to lock and pressed again to release Moves the cursor forward one tab Moves the cursor tothe first column on the line when used in the key sequence SHIFT LOC ESC BACK TAB The control key combinations are used for special action by the computer and or the applications program in the computer The CTRL key is always used simultaneously with the other character in the command the CTRL key is pressed first and held down while the other key is pressed Use of the CTRL key is indicated in this manual by the symbol This key is gener
101. ur system INSTALLING YOUR SYSTEM After selecting a good place for your computer and checking for all the parts of your system it is time to install your TS 800 Place the keyboard in a position that is comfortable for you Plug the telephone type coiled cord that is connected to the front of the main unit into the phone jack outlet on the back of the keyboard Figure 2 2 Keyboard Connection Locate the ON OFF power switch on the rear panel of the main unit Be sure the power switch is turned off by pressing the plain end of the switch TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 2 TS 800 User s Manual Figure 2 3 Power Switch Off mi Sat i SWITCH Power Cord Connection The power cord that came with your system plugs into the back of the main unit as shown in Figure 2 4 The source power supply and proper connections are described here The TS 800 requires a three prong electrical outlet If you do not have one and need an adapter or if you are adapting the TS 800 for 230 volts refer to Appendices E and F Plugging in the Power Cord Plug the power cord that you received with the TS 800 into the plug on the back of the unit as shown in Figure 2 4 Plug the other end of the power cord into an electrical outlet as you would any appliance Figure 2 4 Power Cord Connection TWO PRONG CONNECTION WITH PIGTAIL GROUND THREE PRONG CONNECTION TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 2 3 TS 800 User s Manual Line Voltage Re
102. urn to CP M 11 To abandon this setup lt Enter appropriate number followed by lt CR gt or CTRL C to return to CP M TeleVideo Systems Inc Page L 2 TS 800 User s Manual USER SYSTEM USER Die 6 7 Enter 4 lt CR gt Displays SYSTEM SETUP Version V1 0 TeleVideo Systems Inc Current system TS 800 Operating system Multi user CP M Current Printer port BAUD rate 9 600 Please select the following baud rate 1 9 600 BAUD 2 4 800 BAUD 3 2 400 BAUD 4 1 200 BAUD 5 600 BAUD 6 300 BAUD 7 150 BAUD 8 75 BAUD 9 Set BAUD rate from switch 10 Use current BAUD rate and exit lt Enter appropriate number followed by lt CR gt or CTRL C to return to CP M Enter 4 lt CR gt if you wish to change baud rate to 1200 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page L 3 TS 800 User s Manual SYSTEM 8 Displays SYSTEM SETUP Version V1 0 TeleVideo Systems Inc Current system TS 800 Operating system Multi user CP M Current Printer port BAUD rate 1 200 Please select the following baud rate 1 9 600 BAUD 2 4 800 BAUD 3 2 400 BAUD 4 1 200 BAUD 5 600 BAUD 6 300 BAUD 7 150 BAUD 8 75 BAUD 9 Set BAUD rate for switch 10 Use current BAUD rate and exit lt Enter appropriate number followed by lt CR gt or CTRL C to return to CP M USER 9 Enter 10 lt CR gt SYSTEM 10 Displays SYSTEM SETUP Version V1 0 TeleVideo Systems Inc Current system TS 800 Operating sys
103. user This routine is particularly useful for scanning out the horizontal sections of a polygon or bar fill NOTE X2 must be greater than or equal to xl 8 C 8 HL 0 or 1 TeleVideo Systems Inc Crosshr This function can be used to draw a cross hair cursor of size specified by the user This function overrides the current line style line color and writing mode with solid line style white line color and XOR writing mode The current attributes are restored when exiting this function Reg HL 0 Use data passed in parameter array HL 1 Use data from last entry to this function used for erasing NOTE The cross hair is drawn using XOR writing mode but the current writing mode remains the same Page 6 8 TS 800 User s Manual The Parameters needed are passed in the array as follows Figure 6 6 Crosshr Parameter Array Contents IY Value of horizontal line of cross hair Word DU Gniae si e e n Word i Vite eG in Se Sorini in Word Di heh ans Word yi Value af botton andgolot of veckical lina 7 Word testa Word To lt an 5 n deh ce Ss e e co cm e ape pe Gue de dare ape aa TeleVideo Systems Inc X Y1 This function fills a BAR with the currently selected fill attributes fill interior style fill style index and the fill color index The lower left and upper right corner coordinates are passed in the parameter array as in Figure 6 7 Page 6
104. utilities can be run from a workstation or must be run from the service processor terminal refer to the MmmOST User s Manual for your networking system APPLICATIONS SOFTWARE CP M is the most popular operating system for microcomputers This means that the widest possible library of applications is available for your TS 800 You may want to purchase software for some of the following applications word processing accounting financial analysis business graphics program development entertainment e t A HF HF F A minimum of nine CP M compatible programming languages including ALGOL APL BASIC C COBOL FORTH FORTRAN PASCAL and PL 1 can be used on TeleVideo s systems for your programming applications Ask the computer software specialists at your computer store about what software programs and languages run well on your TS 800 TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 11 TS 800 User s Manual REVIEW OF TECHNICAL TERMS The following is a brief list of some of the more important terms you should know when working with your computer Table 4 3 Technical Terms Term Operating System Cold Boot Warm Boot System Prompt Logged Drive Resident Program Definition A collection of programs that give instructions to the computer for the execution of applications programs on a computer On power up or system reset this is the process the computer goes through of checking itself for hardware failures clearing me
105. wer Case You may have noticed that CP M accepted a lower case b in the example above but displayed an upper case B in its response CP M does not distinguish between cases on characters that you type You may find it convenient to enter commands in lower case so that you can distinguish your entries from CP M responses on the screen When you name a file with lower case letters the name is displayed in upper case letters in the diskette directory NOTE Please note that this is only a characteristic of CP M other programs such as BASIC do not behave in the same way Control Characters The key marked CTRL is the CONTROL key To use the CTRL key press the CTRL and a character key simultaneously For example the command to restart CP M is C Press the CTRL and C keys simultaneously You use this command to abandon a program and to restart CP M Line Editing CP M has several control characters and single key commands that allow you to edit a complex command line before you send it to the computer with a lt CR gt Table 4 1 summarizes the available functions Table 4 1 CP M Control Functions Key Function C System vali boot doesn t clear user memory E Physical end of line cursor wraps to beginning of next line but lt CR gt not sent H Backspace moves cursor back one space and deletes character that was there BACK SPACE Same as H TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 3 TS 800 User s Manual D
106. wing procedure enables you to access the graphics driver l Load register C with the desired graphics function identifier as listed in Table 6 1 Za Load the parameters as specified by Table 6 1 either into registers HL and DE or into a parameter array NOTE The address of the parameter array mentioned above is contained in address 0FF00h and 0FF01h OFFOOh contains low byte of address OFFOlh contains high byte of address 3 Perform a Restart instruction RST 28h in Z80 or RST 5 in 8080 The restart instructions direct the call toa location in the BIOS It then jumps to the graphics entry point in the EPROM where the graphics function will be carried out Notice that the array for an extended parameter list is stored in high RAM memory so that it is still available after the memory bank switches from graphics mode to alpha mode and vice versa The following is an example of how to access the graphics driver in Z80 code A complete list of examples of how to access the graphics driver is listed in the section of this chapter called Sample Graphics Access Program Using 8080 Assembly Code Suggestion it is very useful to create a macro for access to the graphics output primitives grout macro RST 28h saccess graphics endm TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 6 2 TS 800 User s Manual This macro can be called each time the registers are set appropriately for a particular graphics function call Example 1 To draw a line in
107. ys other useful information about each file The STAT listing looks like this Recs Bytes Ext Acc 64 8k l R W A ASM COM 4 2k l R W A DUMP COM 58 8k l1 R W A PIP COM 41 6k 1 R W A STAT COM where Recs is the number of 128 byte records in the file Bytes is the length of the file in bytes Ext is the number of logical extents 16k byte blocks Acc is the file access status The file access status can be used to protect valuable files from unwanted overwriting or accidental erasure R W means that a File can be Read from and Written to R O means that a file can be Read Only To change the access status of a file use the command line A gt stat x filename ext R O By adding the R O to the STAT you are adding a parameter to the command line STAT relabels the file as Read Only You can use the STAT command again to change the file back to Read Write TeleVideo Systems Inc Page 4 9 TS 800 User s Manual PIP Peripheral Interchange Program PIP is used to copy files from one drive to the other or to copy a file to a different filename The basic format for a PIP command is PIP y file2 ext x filel ext zzz lt CR gt where file2 ext is the destination file where the copy will end up filel ext is the source file where the copy comes from ZZZ are parameters that allow special handling x and y are the disk drives Notice that like REN the action proceeds from right to left on the command line If

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