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1. Family Refresh Go to Folder Inbox 2 From Lenght Date D r 105 lt 105 gt 00 02 2006 12 18 17 19 36 100 lt 100 gt 00 03 2006 12 18 17 19 00 lt lt select all files To 1000 Figure 11 2 Web Voicemail Using this interface messages can be listened deleted downloaded forwarded to other users or moved into folders The default INBOX is called Inbox while other available folders are Friends Family Work and Old 57 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 11 5 Managing the address book Address Book let the user to manage his own personal address book and to access the system level address book Items can be called simply clicking on them the user s extension will start to ring until off hook and the user can start to talk with the selected number Using the option Dial With in the menu Extension Management it s necessary to set the default route to use for the outgoing calls Using the Free Call item it s possible to digit in a text box the desired number to dial Find Contact searches within the contacts stored in the address books 11 6 Attendant console and operator panel Attendant Console and Operator Panel menus will appear in the user panel only if they have been enabled by the administrator in the extension options see chapter 4 4 As described before Attendant Console lets modify the routing of incoming call
2. Console Enable Personal CDR ves Privacy Option http www easyasterisk it Advanced Options Enable MW Nt 7 Qualify Callggoup 000200 Pickupgroup 7 Advanced Enabled Codecs Codecs Defaut Local Service Extensions Queues Yes IVR Yes MeetMe ves 1 FastDiak Yes Custom Yes z Exten Outbound Routing default Back Add GENERAL Number Local extension s number CID Name Caller ID in alphanumeric format It will be visualized on telephone display that support this functionality CID Number Caller ID in numeric format generally it corresponds to the extension number CID Outgoing It represents the suffix that you desire to add to the Trunk caller ID used for Suffix the outbound calls If left blank only the caller ID assigned to the trunk will be used This option is useful when you stipulate a direct inward dial contract service with your telephone carrier and you desire that some local extensions are shown on the public network with their full DID number rather than with the reduced GNR 21 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Protocol Setup the used protocol If you are configuring an IP extension this value can be SIP or IAX2 If FXS boards are installed it is possible to choose ZAP analogical telephones with the corresponding board configured
3. 26 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 4 11 Conference rooms MeetMe MeetMe rooms are a sort of phone chat where multiple users can speak all together Each room is identified by a code and can have an authentication PIN A room can have a predefined list of allowed users each having its own properties e g an user can be configured to partecipate in a MeetMe room as a simple listener Let s analyze the various options GENERAL OPTIONS Room code Univocal numerical code that identifies the room Attention this isn t an extension Pin Optional numerical code that the user must type in to access the conference LINKED This section defines the properties associated with each extension linked to EXTENSIONS this room Use the icons to add or remove an extension Extension Extention number Language Language to use during audiomessages playback e g Please enter your PIN number MOH Sets on off the music on hold used when just one user is logged to the room When enabled it s mandatory to select the desired audio class Actions Lets choose the permissions granted to the user thet enters a room from the extension being configured only speak only listen both Quiet Mode When enabled it suppress the audio warning that Asterisk sends to all logged users when an user enters or leaves the room Exit with Enable a user to leave the conferen
4. Password Access password to the answering machine User name corresponds to extension number Attach msg If this option is enabled a wav file with the recorded message will be attached to the e mail Delete msg after notification Delete the message from the answering machine database after notification via e mail Play busy msg Play a message to inform the caller that the user is busy in an other conversation It is possible customize this message for each user Play unavailable msg Play a message to inform the caller that the user is unavailable It is possible customize this message for each user Play instructions Play an intro usage message to the caller msg USER Enables the user panel User s login is similar to the admin s login point a INTERFACE browser to server s IP address Password Password used to access the User panel Normally user name corresponds to the local extension number Enable FOP Enables the user to access to Flash Operator Panel System address book Enables the user to READ od READ AND WRITE the system address book Change attendant console Allows the user to modify the incoming calls management rules Enable personal CDR Enables the user to view the incoming and outbound calls details related to its extension Privacy option When Privacy option is enabled the last 3 digits in CDR will be hidden
5. PRI adapter 1 port TE110P Caller ID Yes Usecallingpres res 0 LBO 0 0 dB C80 0 133 feet D5 1 Switchtype EuroISDN Pridialplan iosal v Prilocaldialplan national Protocol el M Framing ccs w Coding habs w Enable CRC Signalling EC ECWB ET Overlap Timing RG TxG Port 1 pri master nt v Yes v Yes 400 P 1 foo Figure 12 1 PRI Card Configuration As you can note the signalling must be pri master NT Most often Overlap setting must be enabled to instruct Asterisk to consider all the received digits If echo is experienced it s possible to modify Rxgain and Txgain values making some tests It s then necessary to create a ZAP trunk in our example called from pbx figure 12 2 61 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Se 1 General Name trom pbx Caller ID Max channels Ports 1 2 3 4 PRI adapter 1 port TE110P y Back Add Figura 12 2 ZAP Trunk creation We configure two SIP trunks to connect two IP carriers figure 12 3 without setting limits in the outbound channels Name Max channels amp 8 carrieri S o carrier2 Figure 12 3 SIP Trunk configuration We have to set an outbound Route in this example it s called Routel with a fictitious dialing prefix code Route route1 Dialing Prefix foo Back Figure 12 4
6. Local Extensions http www easyasterisk it Local Extension Home General Settings Add Copy Fi 1 PBX Settings aaa essem 100 6 Local Extensions Local Groups Conference Rooms CID MeetMe EASES Name Agents 100 100 Queues Virtual Fax CID Num 100 CID Out Suffix sip Prot Dtmf YM rfc2833 User Rec Interface CDR r x Calls Management Trunks Management Dialplan Management System Management Logout Figure 4 2 Local extensions management When adding a new extension you will have to define some parameters to set the new extension properties figure 4 3 20 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual Figure 4 3 Creation of a new local extension Add Local Extension General Extension 7 CID CID Number CID Outgoing Suffi Protocol ip Dtmf tc2803 Host Dynamic IPAddress Usernam 7 Secret mm Ringtime 30sec Record outgoing on CDR Accountcode Call forwarding Immediate On busy On unavailable DND Voicemail Disabled v FulName Password 7 Attach 9 0 Delete msg after 0 1 notification Play busy msg Yes Play unavailable msg vss instructions ves msg User interface Disabled 7 Password Enable FOP System eel ok Change Attendant
7. IH MU 57 T1 5 MANAGING THE ADDRESS BOOR bove ete ve t B vete aevo e beret 58 11 6 ATTENDANT CONSOLE AND OPERATOR PANEL eee re ene 58 1127 MANAGING VIRTUAL iet etus te vete e bey bee ds 58 12 PRACTICAL 8 59 12 1 TWO ASTERISK PBX CONNECTED VIA 59 12 2 TP ROUTER SETUP e vet ecu Y ec recae a ESS 61 3 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 1 Preface 1 1 The history Asterisk is an open source software application designed to run on a standard PC under Linux environment It can vest in a PC the typical features of an hybrid PBX RTG VoIP Mark Spencer an American computer engineer wrote the first release of Asterisk to promote Digium s hardware interfaces and choosing a GPL license he tickled up the attention of a lot of users Today Asterisk is a milestone in VoIP The completeness and the reliability of the software make it an ideal platform f
8. 22 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it ADVANCED OPTIONS Enable MWI Enable Message Waiting Indicator The option allows to receive a warning on the telephone display when a message is leaved in the answering machine This service can work if the user phone can support the feature and is correctly configured Nat Enable this option when the client is behind a firewall Qualify When enabled Asterisk will periodically check the state of the client Generally this option is used to keep an UDP session open when clients are behind a nat Callgroup Pickup groups listed as a numerical comma separated list whose the local extension belongs Each item of the list represents a group predefined as a dedicated extension in Service Extensions General Settings Pickupgroup Groups on which the local extension is enabled to pickup calls Advanced Advanced options to insert in etc asterisk sip exten conf The correct syntax for each row is key value ENABLE CODECS Default Uses the standard settings configured in general protocol settings Customize Customize the codecs settings LOCAL SERVICE Enables or disables user access to service extensions Among these EXTENSIONS Custom Exten allows access to custom exten context used by experienced administrators to configure custom extensions OUTBOUND Sets client permissions on outbound cal
9. 36 6 4 OUTBOUND ROUTING AND lee e epe 36 6 5 FAST DIAL eerte t eset ferite ree 41 6 6 REMOTE PBX 42 6 7 HINTS ABOUT OUTBOUND CALLER ID MANAGEMENT eee nen nenne enne n treten trener r r r r rener EEEE Er 42 6 8 ertet ec ree e teret eerte eco eec er ect Dee Peres 42 T CALLS DETAIL RECORD 1 ttr th erepto petente hoe 9 1 NETWORK SETTINGS 5 dece hcec e ie 48 92 DATE AND TIME SET UP eie 48 9 3 5 5 pe EUER 49 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 9 4 ASTERISK SERVER INFORMATION ccccccssssssssssssssssscscssscsssescssscsescscscsessscsscscscsescsesscsescscsesesesesesesessseseseseseseseseseseseeees 49 OS SVSTEMES TATUS sect ttt seat Net dera 49 9 6 BACKUP AND RESTORE viiciiscvssceasecaccedeceesoceeecacesdecebentesewcscddenebsovesestccddesebsccasendscesesstecteeestees desebectesdetecddeesbecvenestecsdeesbeers
10. 50 9 7 DATABASE MANAGEMENT VIA PHPMYADMIN 51 9 8 USERS MANAO M N a E A EEO r EEEE EEE TET IEEE ATO EERE 52 9 9 SYSTEM ADDRESS BOOR artere EEEE TEE EEEE EEEE ETENEE sese RIFE 52 E EA E AEEA A eene eme 53 MANAO N Ree ie ei re 53 9 12 UPDATE DATABASE STRUCTURE n n rE EEST ene n EEE EEI ESAE EEEE ESEE RETE EEEE EEE 54 10 DIALPLAN CUSTOMIZING 54 TIO CHANGING A SYSTEM MACRO ces e petet reete e sete sucesedecnsevaeeieeesetetndetececeestevess 54 10 2 CONTEXTS AND MACRO CUSTOMIZING 55 10 3 GLOBAL V ARIABLEES eterne edet edere tret eed e ed eerte c eed Pede freed dedere tres ec ped Pec eed e 55 11 USER PANEL 56 GENERAL 95 56 11 2 EXTENSION 3 2 cua eae e 57 11 3 PRIVATE CALE DETAIL RECORD ettet teer e Meetup dete eee 57
11. As calls are presented to the PBX the number that the caller dials is also given so that the PBX can decide which person in the office to route the call to In easyAsterisk the DID configuration is made by means of Calls Management Direct Inward Dial DID item GENERAL DID number The local extension to be configured Record calls on Enables or disables the CDR recording of the conversations of the CDR extension DESTINATION Defines the destination extension 5 3 Interactive Voice Response IVR easyAsterisk let users to create a series of IVR menus that will drive the incoming caller to the various services assigned to each extension IVR menus are managed by Calls Management Interactive Voice Response IVR item GENERAL Name Identifyier of the IVR menu Extension Local extension associated to the menu Audio Audio files played to the caller for welcome purposes Select an audio file from the repository normally this file contains a brief instruction on IVR s usage Audio No Sel Audio file to play if the user doesn t effect any choice until Response Timeout Audio Invalid Sel Audio file to play if an invalid choice was made 32 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Response Timeout Maximum time in second for the user to make a choice Digit Timeout Timeout to consider during extensions keyin if the caller is too s
12. Route configuration Then we have to configure routings for the just created route We decide to route all international calls to carrier trunk and local calls to carrier2 figure 12 5 62 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it pattern Hous A v Trunk Prefx Cut Digits carrieri pattern T it be Trunk Prefx Cut Digits cartieriax v o carrier2 000 Figure 12 5 Configuration routings The last step is IP Router creation to instruct easyAsterisk to redirect all the calls coming from the ZAP trunk from pbx to routel figure 12 6 Insert Router IP Name routeri Trunk from pbx Route 1 Emulate ringing No A CDR Save as Outgoing Vi Back Add Figure 12 6 Router IP creation Well the configuration should be complete Local phones can use 0 to place a traditional call and 9 to place an IP call 63 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 13 References easyAsterisk s reference site is http www easyasterisk org On that web site several useful items such as FAQs and FORUM are available Please find a small list of some other Asterisk related internet sites http www asterisk org Official home page of the famous PBX open source http www digium com Digium home page http www junghanns net Bristuff developers support
13. and so on Today s hardware let s say starting from Pentium IV is normally able to support even the greater deployments Note some users have reported problems on PC equipped with Pentium 4 with Hyper Threading technology activated BRI PRI and Analogical telco interfaces management We therefore recommend to disable Hyper Threading before installing easyAsterisk 7 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 3 3 Start up It s obviously mandatory to cofigure the host system to boot from CD generally through the BIOS options of the machine priority to the BOOT from CD and then reboot the machine At the end of the boot process the screen will show the figure 3 1 which gives general warnings about the installation process the hard disk will be formatted the final default IP Netmask will be 192 168 0 1 255 255 255 0 easyAsterisk ere lt ENTER gt pre lt ENTER gt Figure 3 1 Installation boot up 8 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Please press lt enter gt to begin the installation first of all it will be necessary to configure the keyboard layout figure 3 2 elcome to 05 4 1386 Keyboard Type What type of keyboard do you have gr hu hu181 is latini lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements i lt Space gt selects i lt 12 gt next screen Figure 3 2 Keyboard layout configuration Then declare t
14. easyAsterisk can be configured to manage both the traditional TELCO lines analogical or ISDN and new IP connectivity trunks Figure 2 1 Hybrid PBX RTG IP 2 2 Satellite IP Satellite architecture helps to recover existing hardware This kind of solution needs the existing PBX to be equipped with a dedicated digital interface usually called ISDN SO Bus to connect to the easyAsterisk machine Then the existing PBX needs to be reprogrammed in order to use the SO Bus in red in the figure to divert to easyAsterisk outgoing IP addressed calls This kind of solution can be deployed when it s mandatory to recover existing hardware or when the PBX isn t expandable Figure 2 2 PaBX Satellite IP 5 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 2 3 IP Router IP Router is totally transparent for the PBX that remains unaware of easyAsterisk s existence One or more outgoing lines are simply cut and diverted to easyAsterisk The figure shows the simplest setting easyAsterisk machine is equipped with coherent RTG cards to manage incoming from PBX calls the PBX continues to address outgoing calls toward Telco lines and diverts calls to IP trunks The same schema can be used to manage IP incoming calls the PBX will receive each call as if it was coming from standard Telco lines In this way all hardware premises underlying the PBX is totally recovered Finally the PBX can preserve a backup conn
15. extension with voicemail activated when busy macro stdexten vmu Defines an extension with voicemail activated when unavailable 54 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it macro fix cdr Modifies the Caller ID recorded in CDR when a call is directly transferred to another extension macro fix dial options Sets the call options for the incoming and outgoing calls macro dialout trunk Macro used when an external call is made macro dialout trunk gsm Used for calls made via a QuadGSM linked trunk macro dialout router Used when a call is received from an IP router It is possible to customize this macro only in the professional version macro dialout router emuringtone Used when an IP incoming call having the Emulate Ringing option enabled is received It is possible to customize this macro only in the professional version macro dialout ip Called when an IP type short number is defined macro queue Defines a queue macro agentslogin Defines the agents login extension macro CFIM ON Activates an immediate forwarding macro CFIM OFF Disables an immediate forwarding macro CFBS ON Activates a on busy forwarding macro CFBS OFF Disables a on busy forwarding macro CFUN ON Activates a on unavailable forwarding macro CFUN OFF Disables a on unavailable fo
16. for ISDN BRI cards http www voip info org wiki Site containing technical informations about Asterisk and the VoIP world in general 64 di 64
17. given Active Channels Lists the opened channels SIP IAX2 Registry Shows the status of SIP IAX2 registrations on remote server for instance an IP telephone carrier Queues Status of queues and operators For each queue a list of logged in users is shown some statistics about answered or unanswered calls are given too Agents Here we can see the status of Agents MeetMe List of the logged in users in every meetme room 9 5 System status Through System Status it s possible to get informations on some main services while they re running Every service can be stopped or restarted pressing self explaining buttons it s not possible with services such as Apache Mysql Sendmail and Cron In this section we find useful informations such as easyAsterisk s Uptime finally Asterisk Monitor is a script that checks periodically Asterisk behaviour and in case of problems restarts the related services and reloads the TELCO hardware device drivers 49 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it System Status Services Asterisk Operator Panel SSH Server FTP Server NTP Server MySQL Apache Sendmail Cron Asterisk Monitor Status Disabled Uptime 27 days 23 hours 33 minutes System Shutdown System Restart Stop Stop Stop Stop Stop Save Changes Restart Restart Restart Restart Restart xil Figure 9
18. insertion in index book 9 10 API Manager Asterisk API Manager let authenticated user applications to connect and to communicate with Asterisk using TCP IP protocol Their administration is made via System Management menu API Manager item This ment is divided in two sections e Settings this section is used to configure the Managers IP bind address TCP 5038 port is used by default and it is possible to choose between 127 0 0 1 the loopback or 0 0 0 0 This second option is deprecated for security reasons e Users this section is used to define some parameters for each consigured Manager username password permissions and so on to let the Manager to interact with Asterisk More information on Asterisk Manager are available on the following web site http www voip info org wiki Asterisk manager API 9 11 Log management Asterisk server uses 3 different logfiles normally located in var log asterisk e event log used to record Asterisk s runtime informations e messages used to log Asterisk s messages e queue 106 queue s messages logfile It s possible to visualize these files using a specific men item to find it follow System Management Log Viewer Rotation of these LogFiles can be enabled from Settings submenu along with the detail level of messages 53 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 9 12 Update Database Structure When updating easyAsterisk a database struct
19. numbers starting with a double zero and followed from any digit for an indefinite number of digits This pattern often indicates international prefixes 07 All numbers starting with 0 a second digit from to 9 and then any digit for an indefinite number of digits Normally indicates long distance prefixes 3 Normally indicates a mobile phone 335 In this case a particular mobile prefix is declared X Any type of number limitsless 800XXXXXX Toll free numbers in Italy they are starting with an 800 prefix 1 8 All numbers beginning with 1 or 8 followed by any digit for an indefinite number of digits Let s now analyze the various options OUTBOUND ROUTING Pattern name Assign a name to the pattern that we are creating Pattern Define the pattern according to the criteria explained before Trunk Select the desired outgoing trunk Prefix It is possible to add a numerical prefix to select for istance a specific telephone carrier Cut Digits Sometime it s necessary to cut some digits before to make a call This field declares the number of digits to cut BLACKLIST It is possible to define some extensions or some patterns that will be never dialed or istance avoinding international calls WHITELIST The opposite of blacklists It s possible to declare a list of numbers that the users will be able to call for istance the international number of another company s branch It is neces
20. three points are described in the previous pages we will use the Calls Management menu under the Router IP item figure 6 11 43 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Insert Router IP Name fomPBX 00 Trunk ISDN Route default m Emulate ringing No CDR Save as Outgoing Back Figure 6 11 Router IP configuration Name The name of the IP Router Trunk The trunk from the calls to be routed are received from the PBX Route The destination IP route Emulate ringing Setting this option easyAsterisk will emulate a ringing phone signal so that the traditional PBX will be aware that the call was correctly placed out Saves in CDR as Sets the kind of recording used to mark in CRD the outgoing calls INCOMING or OUTGOING In figure 6 11 we are creating a IP router called from PBX that redirects the calls coming from ISDN trunk on the route default Another architecture made possible by easyAsterisk IP routing capabilities is the one represented in figure 6 12 where an easyAsterisk server can place outgoing calls using the resources of another remote easyAsterisk connected via a SIP or IAX2 trunk In this case it s only necessary to specify in Asterisk 2 the IP trunk used to connect Asterisk 1 as the outgoing default trunk ASTERISK 2 au Figure 6 12 Connection of two servers easyAsterisk through Ro
21. 4 System Status 9 6 Backup and Restore Using Backup and Restore it s possible to manage PBX configuration and CRD backup files This section is divided in 3 parts e Backup a simple two buttons panel to instantly perform a backup of the selected element The resulting file is added into the underlying section and the given name will include the system date time e System Backup Files lists all the previous PBX backup files All files can be downloaded deleted or restored using the relative button e CDR Backup Files lists all CDR backup files To re upload a file locally saved it s necessary to open an FTP connection with the server using the following username and password Username backup Password backup When the connection is estabilished two folders are shown e system that takes system backup files e CDR that takes CDR backup files 50 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Backup Start Backup Configuration Start Backup COR System Backup Files system 18122006 170124 tar gz Download Delete Restore CDR Backup Files edr 18122006 170127 tar gz Download Delete Restore cdr 18122006 170200 tar gz Download Delete Restore Figure 9 5 Backup and restore When restoring a system backup the user must tell if he wants to update also the database s structure This feature is normally used when a backup was generated with a previous release To use this fea
22. 5 255 0 17 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it ExternIP If Asterisk server has a private address and is behind a NAT ExternIp indicates the public IP address the server uses on the big internet Context Defines the default SIP protocol context for incoming calls It is possible to choose among one of the system contexts or to select a personalized context created via the Dialplan Management ment The default value 15 incoming that sends all the incoming calls to the attendant console or to an alternative destination defined in a DID Music on hold Define the default class of music on hold Checkmwi Interval expressed in seconds used to check the presence of new messages in the vocal box On IP phones the MWI allows the notification of the incoming new vocal messages through a warning light Default codec Indicates the list of the enabled default codecs The listing order also sets the usage priority Advanced In this section it is possible to define some advanced settings that will be inserted in the general section of the protocol s configuration files more precisely in etc asterisk sip general conf file The correct syntax for every line is key value 4 3 IAX2 protocol general settings Let s now analyze the general settings related to the IAX2 protocol Port Bind UPD port For IAX2 default port is 4569 Bind address Bind IP add
23. HE 5 7 3 2 HARDWARE 5 2 4 2 21 1 4242404440004000070000000000000000000000000000000 T C RS 8 4 FIRST JI EB AST O 16 4 T THE ADMINISTRATION PANEL orrs dieere eee specto ee dye esee kei se a a doves 16 4 2 SIP PROTOCOL GENERAL SFINGO eh htec eet eceeetee hee deer dee ete bee teet tete tese fees e tespeeene c a erede detest 17 4 3 IAX2 PROTOCOL GENERAL 8 0 0011 eter k rettet tette tette steer 18 4 44 H323 PROTOCOL GENERAL 8 2 2 2 2 Ep anset 19 AS EXTENSIONS MANAGEMENT etes ce eese eene cese egentes esp e pe ERR Ree 19 4 6 VOICEMAIL GENERAL OPTION ENE n i Eee 23 AT SERVICE EXTENSIONS erede 24 4 8 AUDIO SECTION REPOSITORY AND MUSIC ON 01 eee rhe rr rrr rnnt ntn terere nnn 24 4 9 AUDIO SECTION TEMPLATES soi eset dioec nete
24. Visualize the IP address of the extension and of the IP trunks Show Agent Code Enable this option to visualize the code of the extension logged agent Show Agent Name Enable this option to see the logged Agend name Change led color Enable this option to let the extension icon color to change when an agent for queue logs in members Show externallines This option is available only for POTS and ISDN BRI lines when enabled bri and analog shows the status of the external line Let s now see some other options Show Shows Hides the element in the panel Label Assigns a label to the element Icon Assigns an icon to the element The available icons are Icon 1 Se X Icon4 2 48 5 Icon 3 Icon 6 Admins can open the Operator Panel using General Settings menu Operator Panel item Users will be able to open FOP from their user interface only when granted of Administrator s permissions 46 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Operator Panel Extensions Queues External Lines OP 402 B O support Ln OM 493 B 495 B isbN 5 MeetMe carrier sip Lii carrier sip Figure 8 1 The operator panel 47 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual 9 PBX management http www easyasterisk it By means of System Management menu
25. about the expected waiting time in queue Agent Announce A massage can be played to an agent just before the transfer of a call this could be useful to inform the agent about the queue the caller is coming from originating queue AUDIO MESSAGES Lets the experienced used to customize some advertisement default audio files Use with caution some system files are involved 4 13 Virtual Fax easyAsterisk can manage incoming faxes Once received and stored faxes can be viewed using via the User Panel PBX Settings Virtual Fax item A fax can also be forwarded via e mail at the end of the receiving process Unfortunately until today Asterisk can t affordably send faxes GENERAL Name Identifier of the virtual fax Type Defines the format used to save received faxes It s possible to choose between Tif and Pdf E MAIL Notify Enables or not the forwarding of an incoming fax via e mail Name Sender s name of the sent forwarding e mail E mail E mail address used to forward the fax Language E mail notification language Server e mail E mail address visualized as e mail sender Signature E mail signature text string Notify failed fax When this option is enabled a notification email will be sent when the receipt receiving of a fax fails MANAGEMENT Lets to configure the users granted to receive and see the incoming faxes Use ENABLE USERS the
26. alogic only before assuming a busy line Default 4 Telephone num QuadGSM only Phone number of the used SIM PIN QuadGSM only SIM s PIN code if the SIM haven t PIN leave the field empty Signalling Defines the signalling type Generally use TE when connected to a telephone line and NT when connected to a PBX EC EchoCancel Enable the echo cancellation process ECWB EchoCancel When Bridged Enables the echo cancellation for bridged TDM calls ET EchoTraining Enables EchoTraining a feature useful to improve Asterisk s echo recognition To disable leave it blank to enable sets a value between 10 and 4000 that is the delay expressed in milliseconds Asterisk has to wait before to evaluate the amount of received echo Overlap Enables the sending of digits in overlap mode Timing For each port sets the priority or totally disables the timing Allowed values are e 0 don t use this port as a synchronization source e use this port as primary synchronization source e 2 use this port as secondary synchronization source and so on Timing is normally enabled on ports conncted to the carrier POTS BRI 30 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it PRI and disabled on ports connected to another PBX Rxgain Sets the volume during receipt Values can vary between 100 0 and 100 0 Default value 0 0 Txgain Sets the volume du
27. bd Trunk Prefx Cut Digits o carrier sip O08 Figure 6 9 The correct configuration of the proposed example 6 5 Fast Dial Fast Dial is a list of short codes normally composed of a limited digits easy to remember numbers with some long extensions associated Calls Management menu Fast Dial item To call the associated extension it s possible to type the short code allowing a faster and better dial easyAsterisk allows to configure two categories of short numbers e Trunk type defining a correspondence between the short number and a long extension and preferred trunk e IP type linking a short code to a specific IP Host Let s see the configuration in detail TRUNK TYPE Extension The short number we need to configure Destination Associated extension Trunk Defines the trunk to use to place the call Description Optional text field to describe the configuration IP TYPE Extension The short number we need to configure Destination Real extension to call 41 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Protocol The protocol we want to use IP Detination host IP address the host on which that extension is defined Description Optional text field to describe the configuration 6 6 Remote PBX The Remote PBX configuration reachable via Calls Management menu lets the user to call the extensions of another PBX as if
28. ce room by pressing 4 12 Agents and queues Queues is a way to keep on hold an incoming call waiting for a free operator It s a feature often used in callcenters They are normally managed using FIFO criterion in which calls are assigned to a free operator following their arrival order The group containing the answering operators can be static users that constantly belongs to a defined queue or dynamic users that decide to partecitate to a queue logging themselves using username and pin to the queue for a given time In this second case we re talking about Agents Agents are defined in PBX Settings lAgents menu GENERAL SETTINGS Login extension Extension used by an agent to logon to a queue starting to receive phone calls Logout extension Extension used by an agent to logout from a queue When requested simply type to disconnect Autologoff Time to wait in second before disconnecting an Agent that seems dead To disable wait indefinitely set it to zero AGENTS Id Agent identification code must be a numerical value Pwd Password in numeric format Name Agent name 27 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Queues are managed via PBX Settings Queues item GENERAL Queue name The name of the queue Extension Local extension to enter the queue Optional parameter Prefix CID Name Prefix that will mark an i
29. cludes english and italian templates but it s possible to add custom templates Zone Tone Zone tones that will be loaded for the hardware interfaces Indications Normally some tones are directly created from the PBX Indications sets the Zone to use for that tones CallerID Enables or disables the CallerID management on the card Usecallingpres Enables or disables the Caller ID Presentations Switchtype The European standard is EuroISDN Pridialplan Defines the called extension format Default local Prilocaldialplan Defines the caller extension format Default national LBO only PRI Line Build Out Default 0 Protocol only PRI Select for the European standard for American Default Framing only PRI Framing and coding defines communication parameters with the connected premise For El it is possible to choose between cas or ccs for between 44 or esf Default 1 and T1 d4 Coding only PRI For El can be ami or hdb3 for ami or b8zs Default E hdb3 and Enable CRC only PRI If a line El is used it is possible to enable the CRC control only if the telephone carrier provides this service Busydetect When using POTS lines lets to identify the busy tones and to detect the analogic only line disconnection signal Busycount If busydetect is enabled busycount sets the amount of busy tones to get an
30. define a detailed outbound calling permission plan 6 1 Hardware Trunks ZAP As we said before it s possible to connect easyAsterisk to the General Telephone Net RTG using some hardware interfaces To do that its mandatory to create one or more trunks Trunks Management menu Trunks ZAP item Let s see some details GENERAL Name Textual label identifying the trunk being created Caller ID Caller ID that must be used when an outgoing call goes across the trunk If not specified the generating Client Caller ID will be used Max channels Maximum number of contemporary opened outgoing channels for the trunk If not set the physical limit will be assumed PORTS The following image shows the physical ports available in the system you can choose which ports must be included in the trunk being defined e g you can set a new trunk using only two of the four ports provided by a Junghann s 4BRI card 33 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it General Name Caller ID Max channels Ports 1 2 3 4 PRI adapter 1 port TE110P BRI adapter 4 ports JUNGHANNS 7 Back Add Figure 6 1 ZAP Trunk creation 6 2 Trunks SIP and 2 An IP trunk defines a connection to a IP telephone carrier or to another PBX IAX2 protocol compared to SIP protocol is more easily manageable behind a firewall NAT because it uses a singl
31. dings files it is necessary to access the queue management main page and select the related item Created files names include the date and the time of the recording STATIC Using apposite arrows move from the global local extensions list left MEMBERS column to the right column to define a new static member AGENTS As for static members configure in the same way the agents for the queue FALLBACK Defines the rules applied to the calls that remains in queue unanswered until a timeout happens Timeout Maximum time in minutes that a call can wait in a queue Set it to zero for unlimited wait Destination Sets the destination type to consider after Timeout as we saw before If Hangup is selected the call will terminate and the following option Detail must be blank Detail Select the destination extension ANNOUNCES Current position Enabling this option Asterisk will periodically inform caller in queue about its position within the queue Current position frequency Time in seconds to wait between an announce and the next one Periodic Lets select an audio file that will be periodically played to the callers 28 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it advertisement during their wait in queue Periodic Announce Sets the number of seconds between an advertisement and the next one Frequency Holdtime This option will cause Asterisk to inform a caller
32. e port default 4569 UDP for both signaling and RTP voice traffic while SIP uses by default 5060 UDP for the signaling and a variable range port usually in the range between 10000 20000 for RTP IP trunks are managed starting from the Management Trunks menu that lets the user to define 3 items e Peer that defines the parameters to use for outgoing calls The most important parameters are the destination host generally the IP server to connect username and password e User used to authenticate incoming calls coming from the host defined in the peer Register mandatory if a dynamic IP is used to let the remote host know easyAsterisk s address A brief discussion can be made on how to receive incoming calls on a trunk IP User configuration is going to disuse because it s often possible to use only peer configuration When Asterisk receives a call it evaluates to accept or not using these criteria e Tries to find a user matching the caller name from username field if found the call is accepted e Tries to find a peer matching the caller s IP address if found the call is accepted e Incoming call is otherwise rejected unless differently specified in Protocol General Settings choosing to accept unauthenticated incoming calls GENERAL Name Textual label identifying the trunk being created Caller ID Caller ID that must be used when an outgoing call goes across the trunk If not specified the
33. e 6 5 Advanced property of a route object 38 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it The order of trunks represents their priority In figure 6 5 we add the trunk ISDN as secondary trunk with addition of the 1055 prefix on outbound extensions To add trunks to the list is analogous but the box inside the table must be used Through the keys encircled in red in figure 6 5 is possible to change the trunks priority or eliminate them from the list Let s now analyze the situation in figure 6 6 Route default 0 Outbound Routing Pattern Name Pattern Trunk Prefix Cut Digits sew iwJ pattern OZ AlwaysOn Hours 5 i Days pattern 3 AlwaysOn Hours 1 a E Days Trunk Prefx Cut Digits o ISDN pattern 0033 Always On w Hours n 7 Days 2 Trunk Prefx Cut Digits ISDN o ISDN 000 Blacklist Pattern 333 3351234567 Whitelist Pattern Trunk ison 0049987654321 carrier iax Back Delete Allow all local extensions to use Figure 6 6 Advanced route setting Two routings had been added e Mobile identifying calls to mobile operators It used only the ISDN trunk without prefixes and it s always active e France that manages all calls toward France international prefix 0033 This also uses ISDN trunk without prefixes or cut digits but it is schedu
34. easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it User s manual Version 2 2 Rc4 1 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it User s dMahnudl en en eite testet Se se stacks a ees eee Seek nette eee reote cc alee 1 Version Q 2sR64 sss eee etm eec Bes TRG ae tecnici etuer ete cde ton 1 1 PREFACE 0900000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 4 LA THE HISTORY eet RR sei tase data bas Lea Nee Iano Mee E a ROO UR ao 4 2 5 8 Dado e DN REIS 4 1 PREE EAS Y ASTERISK eene enu nada cado ed o RO REIS 4 14 EASYASTERISK PROFESSIONAL EU eR T eere ee xe re Ene vr buecuiiea 4 2 222 5 2 AY BRID PBX RIEQIIB ssc oues tede Ee o dues em te ie Eo Me e ea 5 DED S ATE NOR ECL X Red dee ecg oh ace ned some EXIIT oe oe 5 PAEA Weal ROUTER SR oO oett 6 3 INSTALLATION 7 3 1 OBTAINING T
35. eben E Eee eve deed eese sedere renes enbeeke nes ym Qe bee e EE ENDE 26 OK 26 4 11 CONFERENCE ROOMS MEETME csssscecsesseceessececsesececssnsecesseeecseseececsasecsesaeeecsessececeessecsesaeeeceeaaeeesenseecsesaeeeeeaaes 27 4 12 AGENTS AND QUEUES ope 27 AVG AVART WALSH AK eroi Naka eL Sabet a Dupe Mey tea oe 29 4 14 HARDWARE SETTINGS c cscsesesesssssesesesescsesesesesesesesescscsescscsesesesceescssececsesesesceeeeseeeesesseeeeeeceveceeeseeeeeseseseseseseseseseseeees 29 4 15 EXTENSIONS SUMMARY cccscsesssesssssssesescsesesesssesesesesssesescscssscseseeeeesesceceesescecesseseeesecesecseeceseceseseeseeseseseseseseseseeeeeees 31 5 INCOMING CALLS MANAGEMENT cccccccscsccccscscccssscscccscscscscscsccsscccccsces 21 JAVA TTENDANT CONSOLE 55 31 5 2 DIRECT INWARD DIAL DID 32 5 3 INTERACTIVE VOICE RESPONSE IVR irena eaa e eE E SEENEN SEE EEEE EO EES EEES Er eSEE 32 6 OUTBOUND CALLS MANAGEMENT ccccccscssscsscssscscsscsssssscsssccssssssssssees 23 6 HARDWARE TRUNKS e To E EE E E 33 6 2 TRUNKS TP SIP AND E E E E TET E EEE ROR ENEE 34 6 3 TRUNKS IP H323 eeri 000006 REPONEN eee n POSE eK NOSEK e pepe n p p
36. ecessary to type name and value Global variables will be inserted in the DialPlan s globals section 55 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 11 User panel 11 1 General view easyAsterisk has a specific panel the endusers can use to simplify the management of their own local extension As we seen in the chapter 4 5 it is possible to define the extensions allowed to access it for every extension enable or not the access to it To login users have to point the PBX s local IP address using their extension as login and their password as password Manage Extension Manage Extension Call forwarding Options Immediate New password Call Detail Record On busy Confirm password eb On unavailable Ringtime 30 sec DND No Dial with v Web Voicemail rio Save Changes Address Book Voicemail Y Status pisabled Attach msg No v Attendant Console Full Name 400 Delete msg after notification No Password Play busy msg ves v E mail 4o0 100 100 Play unavailable msg yes Play instructions msg Yes w Operator Panel Y 9 Yes Logout Figure 11 1 User panel The screen looks like the Administrator s panel a top bar with the current menu a left section with the menu list a right section with the options 56 di 64 easy Asterisk ope
37. ection with the standard TELCO lines for temporary backup purposes Internet failure IP Router is also the configuration that allows the user to build private VPN to talk between company s branches almost for free X www Figure 2 3 Router IP 6 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 3 Installation 3 1 Obtaining the software easyAsterisk is distributed as a self installing bootable CD or as an ISO image ready to burn with your favourite burning software The ISO image is available for the download on the internet site http www easyasterisk org The installation process is totally automated and pratically requires no interaction with the end user When booted up easyAsterisk s CD will automatically install the operating system CentOS Asterisk and all its components compiling when needed the source code included in the installation CD and our WEB management portal including all related software such as php apache server and mysq You have to remember that the installation process will automatically partition and format the hard disk this means that all the previously stored data will be lost 3 2 Hardware requirements easyAsterisk requires a standard PC equipped with 32 bits processor hard disk starting from 2 Gbytes minimum and CD ROM reader PC hardware requests for what concerns Cpu and Ram may depend on installation goal number of contemporary voice channels number of trunks
38. ent Priorita permit You can note that we create only the peer that handles incoming and outgoing calls Username password are not set because the insecure option is enabled that options lets to receive calls without caller authentication The selected context is ocal to directly address the calls coming from the peer selecting incoming as context calls are routed to attendant console We must now to route the calls using Remote PBX item Calls Management menu 60 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Pattern Trunk CDR Rec Pattern Trunk CDR Rec o pbxremoto No o pbxremoto No 2 pbx remoto No x 1 pbx remoto No Please note that we simply redirect the other machine s extensions patterns to the created trunk in both cases the trunk name is pbx remote 12 2 IP Router set up Let s suppose the following scenario a traditional PBX equipped with two PRI cards the first one connected to Telco lines and the second one connected to an easyAsterisk PBX easyAsterisk has to be configured as an JP Router to accept calls from the standard PBX and to route them to an IP Carrier To do that traditional PBX will be configured so that extensions will engage a line using 0 or 9 depending on the user s will traditional call IP call On easyAsterisk it s necessary to configure PRI cards by Hardware Settings figure 12 1
39. f the standard IP phones also let the user to set up follow me services through their internal management software 4 8 Audio section repository and music on hold easyAsterisk can to manage a wide set of audio files These audio files are structured in two categories wav files used in queues management and IVR menu management and mp3 files used during music on hold services setup Wav files can be simply recorded using a phone or can be uploaded from another resource files must be recorded in mono 16 bits 8000 Hz Extensions used to record and playback Wav files are defined in the Settings submenu The following figure explains how to manage Wav files using the phone from Repository menu figure 4 4 type the desired file name compose the configured recording extension and speak after the beep to end and playback press the key Press Add to write the record and the new file should appear in the files list Use the appropriate icon to delete playback or download 8 each file To upload external files use method 2 assign the name and press Browse to select the desired file as usual 24 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it gRepository Name newfile Method 1 gt Using the phone please dial 77 gt Speak after the tone gt To review you message please dial 78 Method 2 Upload wav file Sfegia wav specifications 16 bit 8000 Hz m
40. generating Client Caller ID will be used Max channels Maximum number of contemporary opened outgoing channels for the trunk If not set the physical limit will be assumed PEER Name The name assigned to the peer Host Remote server IP address to which address outgoing calls If a dynamic IP is used set to dynamic without quote Username Remote server s authentication user name Secret Remote server s authentication password 34 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Fromuser only Specifies the user to put in the from field in place of callerID only for SIP SIP protocol Fromdomain only Some IP carriers needs to know the originating Domain for authentication SIP purposes Set it into this field Type If set to type friend the peer also act as an user therefore it will accept remote host s incoming calls DTMF only SIP Here you can define how to manage DTMF tones Nat only SIP Enable this option if the peer is behind to a nat device Qualify Checks periodically that the peer is online Canreinvite only SIP Enabling this option a client will try to send media streams directly to the peer Setting it to off all media streams will cross the Asterisk server Notransfer only IAX2 Similar as canreinvite but applied to IAX2 protocol Setting notransfer yes Asterisk will prevent the client to send audio fl
41. hardware channel Dtmf only SIP Setup the Dtmf type tones used by the telephone client in use Host Lets to chosse between static or dynamically assigned IP address When static the address must be declared in JP Address field When dynamic it is necessary to choose a username password pair secret that should be used for server subscribing Ringtime Timeout in seconds to activate unanswered call policies voicemail activation call forwarding etc Record Outgoing Calls on CDR Enables the calls recording into a 541 database Accountcode Account code that will be recorded in CDR for outgoing calls coming from this extension CALL FORWARDING Shows and sets up the calls forwarding and the DND management If a call forwarding is enabled the destination extension will appear in this mask VOICEMAIL Voicemail is an answering machine that allows to record messages in audio files and can be activated for each extension with different activation rules busy number unavailable not responding The user can heard the recorded messages later using the phone or remotely using easyAsterisk s dedicated interface It s also possible to send audio files as e mail attachments with various rules This field is mandatory also if voicemail is disabled you can use dummy data Full name User name that will be reported in the notification e mail when message recording occurred
42. he desired root password figure 3 3 ent S 4 i386 Released via the GPL Root Password Pick a root password You must type it twice to ensure you know what it is and didn t make a mistake in typing Remember that the root password is a critical part of system security Password I Password confirm lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements i lt Space gt selects i XF12 next screen Figure 3 3 Root password configuration 9 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it After that the filesystem will be formatted and the installation will begin figure 3 4 05 4 lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements i lt Space gt selects i lt 12 gt next screen Figure 3 4 Package copy on hard disk 10 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it When the formatting process ends the system will be rebooted please remember to remove the CD to avoid a new CD reboot and easyAsterisk s installation second step will begin figure 3 5 The installation script needs easyAsterisk s CD to complete the process so it will prompt the user to re insert it NIE easyfsterisk Installation Insert easyfisterisk CD and press ENTER to continue Figure 3 5 Second installation step 11 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Some Linux elements will be updated and configured various Asteris
43. ies are removed Some ready to use audio files in various languages can be founded following this link http www voip info org wiki view Asterisk sound files international 4 10 Groups A Group is a set of extensions with an associated identifier When a caller dials thet identifier all the extensions included in the group will ring The first phone that hook the phone will answer the incoming call For each group it is possible to define a fallback destination to define the PBX s behaviour when none of the xtensions in the group hooks the phone when the defined timeout expires The groups are managed in PBX Settings Local Groups menu The following table describes the settings GENERAL Number Extension associated with the group Ringtime Time in second to wait before to activate the fallback policies LOCAL The left list includes all PBX extensions the right one only those belonging EXTENSIONS to the current group To include or remove simply move an extension using arrows FALLBACK This is the destination of the fallback policy more details in the following DESTINATION configuration items Destination The ement type to activate after ringtime If Hangup is selected the call will be closed and the following parameter Detail must be left blank Detail The destination extension to activate after Ringtime Incoming calls can be router to another extension an external number na IVR and so on
44. it s possible to manage our IP PBX and get information on its status 9 1 Network settings Using P menu it s possible to modify the parameters related to the net address configuration Normally a system reboot is needed to apply the changes nevertheless it s not necessary when only the DNS address has been changed Ce Hostname Hostname pbx IPADDR 162 458 0 1 NETMASK 555 255 255 0 GATEWAY 45 165 0254 NETWORK BROADCAST Save Changes CR Primary DNS 192188024840 Secondary DNS Save Changes Figure 9 1 Network settings changes 9 2 Date and time set up By default easyAsterisk activates an NTP service to let IP telephones to syncronize their clock directly with easyAsterisk NTP takes the current time from the server s system time it can be modified using the Date Time menu Date Time Figure 9 2 Date and system time settings Date gg mm yyyy 49 2006 Hour hh mm ss a 5 ja Save Changes 48 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 9 3 System information easyAsterisk integrates Phpsysinfo an opensource application that gives a detailed series of information on the hardware status on mounted filesystems on the memory usage and on the network usage http phpsysinfo sourceforge net System Information pbx 192 168 1 253 System Vital Hardware Information Canonical Hostname
45. itted into 3 sections as shown in figure 4 1 1 Title Section The selected ment item is shown on the left side on the right side the username of the logged in user id shown 2 Men Section Located in the left part of the screen this menu lets the user to move among the various sections of the software Select an entry to access the underlying submenus useful to manage the different sections of the configuration process 3 Configuration Section In this section the various configuration items of each submenu are shown In this page you can also find some general informations such as software release level running Asterisk server release level running Linux kernel release level and for the PRO version the customer of the software licence We will now shortly explore the items of the Main Men to understand better their contents 16 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Using General Settings you can set some PBX s global characteristics you can for instance configure the supported IP protocols SIP IAX2 and H323 you can set up the services extensions call forwarding voicemail etc you can manage an audio files repository music on hold queues IVR Menus etc you can set the Operator Panel to monitor in real time the PBX s elements state and finally manage a system level address book PBX Settings can be used to manage typical PBX elements such as local extensions local gro
46. k components will be compiled this phase could take some time according to the power of the system in use The user will be prompted to press lt enter gt key to proceed with the next step Figure 3 6 echo Loptionsl echo uniquename hostname echo silence suppression yes 25 gt etc asterisk asterisk conf N echo Skipping asterisk conf creation N p var lib asterisk sounds N in sounds demo do N if grep q z basename x sounds txt then install m 644 9 var libzasterisk sounds 5 else echo No description for x N exit 1 Fi S p var lib asterisk mohmp3 N sounds mp3 do N install m 644 9 var lib asterisk mohmp3 N m f var lib aster isk mohmp3 samp le hold mp3 ir p var spool asterisk voicemai l default 12347 INBOX sm or x in um theperson digits 1 digits 2 digits 3 digits 4 vm isunavail do cat var lib asterisk sounds x gsm gt gt var spool aster isk voicemai 1 default 1234 unavail gs var spool asterisk voicemail default 1234 busy gsm or x in vm theperson digits 1 digits 2 digits 3 digits 4 um isonphone do cat var lib asterisk sounds x gsm gt gt var spool aster isk voicemail default 1234 busy gsm ASTERISK installed Press Enter to continue D 99999 2E CECI Figure 3 6 Components compilation 12 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it A message will appear confirming the completi
47. led from 09 00 hours till 18 00 o clock from Monday to Friday This simply means that it won t be possible to call France during the remaining hours Looking at the Blacklist setting it is interesting to note that despite the mobile operators calls are always allowed the given blacklist will block calls starting with 333 and the whole number 3351234567 The same for the whitelist also when a specific route to Germany is not defined the 39 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it user will call the extension 0049987654321 using the trunk carrier iax Please note that when a number or a pattern of a Whitelist is defined it s not possible to modify outbound routing with prefixes or cut digits To begin to use the route it s now necessary to set some permissions to the various local extensions Pressing Allow all local extensions to use button all the configured local extensions will be enabled to use all the outbound routings As an alternative it is possible to access to the attributes of every local extension PBX Settins menu Local Extensions item under Outbound Routing and enable the desired accesses figure 6 7 Outbound Routing V default Enable Blacklist Yes Enable Whitelist Yes short distance mobile france Figure 6 7 Local extension enabling to the routes use The order with which outbound routing configurations are listed in each definition represents the
48. ll be shown the user can export the data PDF or CSV format or he can decide to erase the records from the database It s now possible to record CDR data on a plain text file In this case the resulting filename will be var log asterisk cdr csv Master csv It s advisable to enable the Log Rotation for this file to avoid unpredictable results 45 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 8 The operator panel easyAsterisk integrates Flash Operator Panel an application developed by Nicol s Gundifio http www asternic org that allows to visualize through a browser the real time status of local extensions queues conference rooms and external lines FOP configuration is made through General Settings menu Operator Panel Management item In this section there are some submenus Settings lets to manage some general options the other menus Extension Queues MeetMe Peer Users lets to manage various FOP s elements Language The language to be used in FOP Layout Sets the dimension of the buttons to be configured Security Code It s a password default value password that the operator can use to force the disconnection of a call or to activate a call between two extensions simply dragging the caller s icon on the addressed user s icon If these operation are done at runtime FOP will ask for this password Hide Caller ID Hides the CallerIDs for the calls in progress Show IP
49. low Description Text field to describe the IVR meaning Pressing Add key a series of options will appear It is possible to set up to 3 timeslots to consider in IVR management HOURS Defines the IVR activity timeslot AFTER HOURS Defines the policy to activate during After Hours OPTION The Option field contains the extension the user has to digit to make the choice Once configured press Q to make it active 6 Outbound calls management Outbound calls management involves several operations Definition of one or more trunks You can think to a trunk as a group of communication channels used by the PBX for calls management For instance a trunk can be a connection to an IP carrier a link to another PBX or a group of communication ports on an hardware interface Configuration of one or more outbound routes A route can be defined as a logical group of numerical classes that define what types of calls can be effected by the clients for instance national numbers international mobile phones and so on easyAsterisk lets to configure a boundless number of routes everyone identified by a dialing prefix code a code that the user must digit before the destination number to select a specific route Using routes it s also possible to configure LCR services Route s permissions management Once the routes are defined each user can be granted to access or not any route in this way it s possible to
50. ls for each route and routing ROUTING 4 6 Voicemail general option In this section it is possible to set up some options for voicemail services Max message Maximum message duration expressed in second length Min message Minimum message duration expressed in second When a message length duration is shorter than this value that message will be automatically erased from the answering service without any notification to the user Playback allowed Allow the caller to play the recorded message back before hanging up If set lets also the user to delete the leaved message e mail server e mail address that will be used as sender for notification e mails e mail user name User name that will be used as sender for notification e mails VoiceMail Main Extension Extension to dial to enter the answering system management service through witch it is possible to play and erase messages e mail language Choose the default language for the notification e mail Maximum number of message Maximum number of messages that can be stored in a mailbox 23 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 4 7 Service Extensions In this section it is possible to configure the numerical codes used to enable or disable some services Let s briefly analyse them Attended transfer Allow the call transfer with announcement After dialing this c
51. nation After Hours Destination Details Local Extension 190 v Save Changes Figure 5 1 Attendant Console configuration 31 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it As the image shows it is possible to define different destinations for Regular Hours that is normally intended as working hours received calls and After Hours for all other calls Generally when an attendant console is used the greater part of incoming regular hours calls are diverted to the attendant console operator or to specific services IVR for istance After Hours are normally diverted to IVR or advertising services OPTION Record incoming Enables or disables the recording of incoming calls in a database for calls on CDR following inquiries REGULAR Defines working hours and days Up to 3 ranges of values can be defined HOURS here Unset ranges will be considered as After Hours DESTINATION Defines the destination type element for calls received in regular hours REGULAR HOURS DESTINATION Defines the destination type element for calls received in after hours AFTER HOURS 5 2 Direct Inward Dial DID Direct Inward Dialing DID also called DDI in Europe is a feature offered by telephone companies for use with their customers PBX system whereby the telephone company telco allocates a range of numbers all connected to their customer s PBX
52. nced options for H323 protocol Please consider the same logic described for the SIP protocol 4 5 Extensions management easyAsterisk can now support SIP IAX2 capable IP phones Standard analogical phones be used installing special adapters or using an analogical card e g Digium TDM400P with FXS modules PBX local extensions are managed through General Settings men in Local Extensions item figure 4 2 In this page the user can manipulate a table containing the list of the previously configured local extensions As you can note a default test local extension 100 is shown that is the attendant console the dafault termination of all incoming calls please see the chapter INCOMING CALLS MANAGEMENT of this manual Some operations are possible e Create a new extension press the add button to access the page where the new extension properties can be defined e Clone an existing extension allows to create a new extension maintaining some characteristics of an existing extension Useful when extension shares some properties for instance outbound calls permissions Use Copy from button and select the extension that you want to clone e Change an existing extension properties Simply click on the W icon or on the extension number that you want modify to access the properties extension s page Delete an extension Click on the icon Q to delete an extension 19 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual
53. ncoming call as coming from a given queue This works with phones equipped with a display of course Audio on entering Audio message played to the caller normally for presentation purposes It s possible to use a prerecorded message repository Music on hold Class of audio files that callers will listen during the wait Ring Strategy Defines the ringing policy applied to queue s members Ringall all telephones contemporarily ring until an operator answers Roundrobin telephones ring up in turns one at the time until an operator answers e Leastrecent makes to ring the most inactive operator e Fewestcalls assigns the incoming call to the operator with less completed calls e Random randomly assigns the call to an operator e Rrmemory strategy similar to the round robin but queue starts from the last involved operator Timeout ringtone Maximum time in second for a phone to ring with no answer timeout Retry Inactivity time before retrying to transfer the call to an operator Wrapuptime Inactivity time to wait before readmitting an operator in queue after a call completion Maxlen Maximum allowed number of queued calls Set to 0 for boundless queue Call Recording Enables the calls recording in audio files To enable this function is necessary to specify one of the recording formats e Wav e Wav49 wav compressed e Gsm To manage the recor
54. nter gt to edit a selection Figure 3 8 CentOs Setup utility As usual please use arrows to select Network configuration and press lt enter gt to open the TCP IP protocol configuration screen Figure 3 9 14 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements i lt Space gt selects i lt 12 gt next screen Figure 3 9 Configure TCP IP Enter the desired IP address and confirm the new setting To make the settings active you have to restart the system typing the command reboot root pbx reboot 15 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 4 PBX first set up 4 1 The administration panel To access easyAsterisk s administration panel please open your browser and point to the default PBX IP address A simple page will ask for Username and Password to autenticate the user The standard settings are Username admin Password admin When the preferred user interface language is choosen easyAsterisk s home page is shown Home easyAsterisk Calls Management Dialplan Management running server System Management Asterisk 1 2 14 BRIstuffed 0 3 0 PRE 1y Logout running kernel C25 2 6 9 42 0 3 EL recommended video resolution 1024 x 768 OO easyAsterisk Free Powered by CentOS 4 Figure 4 1 The administration panel home page The page is spl
55. ode the system will ask for the destination extension using a pre recorded message Blind transfer Allow the call transfer without announcement After dialing this code the user must immediately enter the destination extension Recall Allows to recall a call during the transfer process Useful if the destination user doesn t replies Direct pickup Allows the pickup of an extension terminated call When enabled to pickup a call the user needs to enter the pickup code followed by the ringing extension Group pickup Allows the pickup of a group terminated call The user needs to enter the pickup code followed by the group extension If more than one extension in the group is ringing this function can have unpredictable results Call forwarding If enabled lets the user to configure a follow me service The forwarding process can be immediate on busy on unavailable intended after the delay defined in ringtime To set up a forwarding the user needs to type the forwarding code followed by the destination extension it s also possible to configure external or mobile numbers A beep indicates that the follow me is correctly set up Simply type in the activation code and wait for the beep to remove the service DND Do Not Enabling DND a phone will not receive calls To enable or disable the Disturb service simply type in the activation code and wait for the beep Please note that the greatest part o
56. odify the system configuration E g this kind of user can add or remove extensions groups conference rooms agents queues virtual fax can modify the operator panel configuration and manage system level address book e STATS can only access CDR files normally for accounting purposes At least one admin user must be defined The User s Management panel can be reached through the System Management menu Users Manager item Users Manager Login Password Rights amp ADMIN admin ADMIN Figure 9 7 Users Manager menu 9 9 System address book Description amministratore easyAsterisk can manage two types of address books System level available for all users and Personal particular and available for each single user Using the User Panel and browsing the address book simply click on the desired item to place a call Finally it s also possible to search within the address book entries the contacts using the special text box and pressing the Find button Please note that the search process spans over all the fields of each record 52 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Add Contact Surname Name Company 71 Address District Fy city 7 Country 1 Telephone 1 Telephone 2 1 Telephone 3 7 1 E mail Notes Back Add Figure 9 6 Contact
57. on of the installation process it s now time to remove the CD and press lt enter gt to reboot the system Figure 3 7 xeex Codec G 729 Installed sence Italian audio files installed ww SUDO Configured wxw Apache Configured ewww Starting MySQL MySQL Configured hanging password for user backup passwd all authentication tokens updated successfully Adding password for user sqladmin Web Manager Installed FTP Server Configured peace rc local Configured weww ASTERISK Installation Completed Please remove the installation CD Press lt ENTER gt to Reboot System Figure 3 7 Last step of the installation 13 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Fine It s now possible to start to use easyAsterisk s management portal using an Internet browser pointing to the default IP address http 192 168 0 1 If you need to change the default IP address you have to login as root user the password has been defined during the installation and type setup root pbx setup The command will start the tool to configure several system elements including the network configuration Figure 3 8 ext Mode Setup Utility 1 1 Choose a Tool Authentication configuration Firewall configuration Keyboard configuration Mouse configuration System services Timezone configuration Run Tool Quit t 3 t lt Tab gt lt Alt Tab gt between elements i Use lt E
58. ono Figure 4 4 Repository audio files creation Musi On Hold is managed through the following mask figure 4 5 Please note that the Default class can t be deleted in this example we have a single class default with three files recorded As usual press Browse button to choose the file to upload in the class or use the icons to delete playback download audio files Music On Hold gt default Sfogia bj fpem sunshine mp3 fpm world mix mp3 o fpm calm river mp3 Figure 4 5 Music on hold class changes 25 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 4 9 Audio section templates Asterisk uses some audio files to play some application s messages such as voicemail and queues English and Italian audio templates are installed by default and it s possible to add custom templates for other languages Every template is identified by a Name a string used to identify the language in use and a Description When a template is created related audio files must be uploaded manually on the server on these directories var lib asterisk sounds templatename lvar lib asterisk sounds dictate templatename lvar lib asterisk sounds digits templatename lvar lib asterisk sounds letters templatename lvar lib asterisk sounds phonetic templatename Each templatename subdirectory is automatically created by easyAsterisk When a template is deleted all subdirector
59. or a wide range of applications and it s often used as building block in a lot of complex solutions RTG IP PBXs Centrex systems Call Centers management software and still more 1 2 The easyAsterisk software Asterisk is managed through a set of text files whose compilation is not very intuitive and can take time also for highly experienced people easyAsterisk is a package that offers a totally automated installation process and a management portal that can be used to configure and maintain Asterisk s configuration files The management portal is splitted in two sections Admin normally used by system administrators and User where each end user can manage his own telephone extension adding and configuring services easyAsterisk is today available in two sets free and professional 1 3 free easyAsterisk Free easyAsterisk is tailored to cover the standard requirements of the middle small sites It allows to access all the features of easyAsterisk and it can handle every type of standard Telco interface Analogical basic ISDN primary ISDN and IP trunks using free easyAsterisk you can setup a complete hybrid PBX RTG IP for small enterprise and create a little private telephone net by interconnecting two free easyAsterisk to communicate in VPN for free free easyAsterisk capabilities are limited to a maximum of 5 phone extensions and 2 trunks Free easyAsterisk can be freely downloaded as an ISO image from http www easyasterisk o
60. ows directly to a peer Trunk Mode only Enable the trunk mode useful to save bandwidth 2 Insecure Enable this option it will be possible to receive calls from peer without authentication process Context When the peer needs to manage incoming calls it is necessary to define a context Leave it blank if the peer manages only outgoing calls Incoming incoming calls will be addressed to the attendant console It is possible to set routings by means of the direct inward dial rules Local the calls will be addressed to the local extensions extension groups etc Useful if you want to let clients of two interconnected easyAsterisk each one with its own extensions range to call each other e Custom it is possible to use customized contexts defined by the Dialplan Management menu Codecs Select the codecs used for this trunk Set to default to use the one defined in General Protocol Parameters Deny Permit It is possible to define some rules to limit the access to the peer It is Priority necessary to define the subnet address with the relative net mask and the priority with which the rules must be activated For instance deny IP 0 0 0 0 NETMASK 0 0 0 0 permit IP 1 2 3 4 NETMASK 255 255 255 255 priority deny Denies all access except 1 2 3 4 Advanced Section reserved to experienced users to insert customized peer values USER Name Name to assign to the u
61. pbx Processors 1 Listening IP 192 168 1 253 Model Intel R Pentium R 4 CPU 2 80GHz Kernel Version 2 6 9 42 0 2 ELsmp SMP CPU Speed 2 79 GHz Distro Name fl centos release 4 4 Final Cache Size 512 KB Uptime 15 minutes System 5642 76 Bogomips SASSO le e PCI Devices 00 07 1 IDE interface Intel Corporation 82371 PIIX4 IDE Load Averages 0 44 0 45 0 38 00 0 0 VGA compatible controller VMware Inc VMware SVGA II PCI Display Adapter 00 10 0 SCSI storage controller LSI Logic Symbios Logic 53c1030 PCI X Fusion MPT Dual Ultra320 SCSI 00 11 0 Ethernet controller Advanced Micro Devices AMD 79c970 PCnet32 LANCE Device Received Err Drop IDE Devices hda VMware Virtual IDE Hard Drive Capacity 4 00 GB lo 19 14 KB hdc VMware Virtual IDE CDROM Drive etho 77 78 MB sit 0 00 KB Network Usage Memory Usage Type Percent Capacity Free Physical Memory ee 52 50 MB Kernel applications 25 Buffers 4 Cached A 50 Disk Swap 1 0 509 87 MB Mount Partition Percent Capacity 2 dev hda3 432 dev shm none 10 dev shm none 10 dev shm none 10 boot dev hdai maiis dev shm none 10 dev shm none 10 41 Figura 9 3 System Information 9 4 Asterisk server information Using Asterisk Info menu it s possible to access a series of submenus showing the real time status of the PBX To update a page simply press the browser refresh button Let s see in detail what informations are
62. priority in their management The following example shows better this concept let s analyze the situation in Figure 6 8 Outbound Routing Pattern Name Pattern Trunk Prefix Cut Digits 7 7 pattern 00 Always On v Hours H LJ D Days x Trunk Prefx Cut Digits ison carrier sip o pattern 0033 b xy amason vw Trunk Prefx Cut Digits ox BIT ISDN Figure 6 8 An example to understand the routings priority 40 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it In this route we see 2 routings long distance and france with long_distance listed for first and with priority on france The users wants all international calls routed to carrier sip and France addressed calls to ISDN This configuration isn t correct because the second definition is a subset of the first one and so it will be never activated To make a correct configuration it s enough to give more priority to the second setting using the blue arrows Alternatively it s also possible to delete the unused setting pressing on key The Figure 6 9 shows the correct configuration Outbound Routing Pattern Name Pattern Trunk Prefix Cut Digits L 6 pattern 0033 AwasOn Days Trunk Prefx Cut Digits ISDN pattern 00 x
63. rating manual http www easyasterisk it 11 2 Extension Management Using Extension Management esch user can simply configure the behaviour of his extension adding forwardings configuring voicemail and other options figure 11 1 Let s see it in detail CALL Using this item it s possible to set a number a local etension or an external FORWARDING number provided with all necessary prefixes to redirect all incoming calls Another similar service is the DND Do Not Disturb that when activated let the user not to receive any kind of call OPTIONS New Sets or changes the user s password password Confirm password Ringtime Indicates the time express in second after which to activate the forwarding or the voicemail services if enabled Dial with Sets the route to use when the user calls numbers stored in system or personal address books VOICEMAIL Enables or disables the voicemail Settings are the same as described in the chapter 4 6 11 3 Private call detail record Using Call Detail Record menu it s possible to search the local extenstion s CDR Database To make a query the user can follow the same rules described in the chapter 7 results can be exported in PDF or CSV document Records can t be deleted from the database 11 4 Web voicemail Web voicemail is a web interface that lets the user to manage all audio messages recorded in his owm mailbox figure 11 2 Delete
64. ress 0 0 0 0 indicates the bind to all system IP address Channel language Default language of the protocol The default installation includes english and italian templates but it s possible to add custom templates Chapter 4 9 Delayreject Enable this option to prevent brute force attacks It will be delayed the sending of some packets such as authentication reject for the authentication applications Tos Defines Type of Service It is possible to select one of the default values or introduce a personalized value Jitterbuffer Enables or disables the Jitterbuffer that is a portion of memory where are allocated the incoming packets or the outbound packets with the purpose to compensate possible net latencies and to maximize the audio quality If Jitterbuffer is enabled you can configure a set of its particular parameters Dropcount Maximum frames number that can be eliminated in the last 2 seconds for supply to possible net latencies Maxjitterbuffer A maximum size for the Jitterbuffer Maxexcessbuffer In case of latency problems Jitterbuffer could increase over the necessary If the maximum threshold overcome the planned value in Maxexcessbuffer Asterisk will arrange to bring back the buffer to a value in the norm Minexcessbuffer Sets up the least value of the Jitterbuffer free space If the free space had to increase over this value Asterisk will enhance the total of the Jitterb
65. rg 1 4 easyAsterisk Professional easyAsterisk Professional is targeted to the professional market designed to manage the most complex installations it is equipped with a technical support service directly provided by the authors of easyAsterisk easyAsterisk Professional can manage complex requirements advanced services and high number of users The technical support carried with easyAsterisk Professional let the user to access all the technical sources and software updates lifetime Obviously easyAsterisk Professional lets to activate a boundless number of extensions Phone VPN VoIP carrier outbound routing and so on 4 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 2 Architectures easyAsterisk can be used to deploy advanced logical configurations to cover pratically all user s requirements Some of these architectures let the user to exploit a lot of existing hardware PBX telephones answering machines and so on adding easyAsterisk s advanced features without hardware replaces 2 1 Hybrid PBX RTG IP easyAsterisk was developed to replicate the standard PBX behaviour adding on top IP trunks and advanced performances voicemail IVR meetme rooms and so on This kind of solution is perfect for any new settlement when existing hardware recovery isn t a mandatory goal and it s necessary to keep global costs within a reasonable range Phone terminals IP phones are connected to easyAsterisk via LAN and
66. ring transission Values can vary between 100 0 and 100 0 Default value 0 0 easyAsterisk will show a warning message when a reconfiguration of ZAP local extensions or trunks are needed This normally happens when a card is removed or added for instance This icon is shown when an extension or a trunk need a reconfiguration 4 15 Extensions Summary In PBX Settings atable showing all currently configured extensions has been introduced This table lists configured extensions for local extensions groups queues ivr men meetme fast dial and pbx applications Using Find button specific extensions can be quickly found 5 Incoming calls management 5 1 Attendant console The attendant console is normally a standard telephone station with some services features added In some configurations all incopming calls are terminated to the attendant console that provides in their forwarding and management With easyAsterisk it is possible to arrange different destination to incoming calls according to days of week or different time slots easyAsterik s attendant console configuration is made by means of Calls Management Attendant Console item figure 5 1 Incoming calls Options Record incoming calls on CDR yes Regular Hours Hours 00 ____ EN Hours 00 00 Days gt oo I oe Hours 90 Destination Regular Hours Destination Details Local Extension 100 v Desti
67. rwarding macro DND ON Activates Do Not Disturb service macro DND OFF Disables Do Not Disturb service macro blacklist Defines a blacklist route macro play audiomsg Plays an audio file macro meetme Defines a conference room macro voicemailmain Defines the extension of the voicemail messages center answering service macro faxreceive Defines a virtual fax 10 2 Contexts and macro customizing Customized contexts as seen before can be used in the IP trunks configuration in the general settings of the IP protocols in the DIDs and in the menu When a customized context is created a leading underscore will be added to its name to avoid duplicated names By default a customized context called custom exten is available after the first installation of the software Using Customized context it s possible to define local extensions to which the PBX local extensions can refer to obtain common services or behaviours let s see a brief example to make things more clear custom exten exten gt 123 1 Playback demo congrats exten gt 123 2 Hangup In this example the 123 extension will play the audio file demo congrats just before to hangup the line 10 3 Global Variables This section lets to set up global dialplan variables that maybe used when compiling custom contexts and macros For every new global variable it s n
68. s 6 8 Router IP With IP Router architecture it s possible to route calls coming from traditional PBX on routes configured on easyAsterisk This is very useful when the user wants to recover all the existing hardware standard PBX and phones but also wants to use an IP Carrier This schema figure 6 10 lets to understand better 42 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it AN Wy Figure 6 10 Connection of easyAsterisk to a traditional PBX This particular configuration often needs a partial PBX reconfiguration easyAsterisk machine and the PBX are connected through an ISDN interface Bri or Pri configured as NT in easyAsterisk and TE on the PBX The existing PBX also must be set to route all outgoing calls to that interface to allow their routing on IP net Note due to specific technical characteristics on ISDN interface it s advisable to disable the timing management on the ISDN PBX s port Looking at the configuration from Asterisk side you can see that incoming calls received by easyAsterisk from the ISDN interface are converted in outgoing calls via the IP Trunk Configure a ZAP trunk including the ports used to connect the PBX Configure the IP trunks to connect easyAsterisk to the IP Carrier Configure a route to address outbound calls to IP Carrier Redirect the calls coming from the ZAP trunk to the IP route manage the fourth point the first
69. s scheme CID CID CID Suffisso Int Reg CID CID CID Suffisso Int Reg MEIN Nome Numero Uscente Prot Dtmf VM Utente CDR inteme Nome Numero Uscente Prot Dtmf VM Utente CDR amp 0 100 sip 028350 V X 20 200 sp 3 X OQ im m 101 sip r 2633X X v nm 201 sp fe2833 XK im 102 sp rfc2833 XX v 202 202 202 sp re2833X v amp m sp r83X X v sp reee3X X v m m 104 sp rfc2833 X X v SQ 2 204 sp r e033X X That s the SIP trunk creation Peer Peer Nome user Host 192 458 12 Username Nome user Host 492 168 1 1 Username Secret CT 4 Secret 4 Fromuser Fromuser Fromdomain Fromdomain Tipo peer vi Tipo peer Dtmf Dtmf 1 2833 Nat wv Nat Qualify Qualify v Canreinvite No v Canreinvite v Insecure Insecure Context jocal v Context ocal v Codecs Personalizza v Codecs Personalizza v 1 alaw 1 alaw z sil z si 3 3 v 4 4 5 6 g 6 7 wv 7 v 8 8 v Deny mM Deny IP e 1 IP a Netmask Netmask 7 Permit Permit IP Netmask Netmask Priorita P
70. s while Operator Panel shows the real time status of extensions conference rooms queues and external lines 11 7 Managing virtual Fax If Virtual faxes have been configured it s possible to access received documents using a simple interface When a user has permissions to manage faxes he will see an additiona icon on the left of the panel bar clicking on it the virtual faxes list will appear figure 11 3 Virtual Fax g Manage Extension Name Call Detail Record Web fax3 8 4 Address Book Q Attendant Console 4 Virtual Fax Logout Figure 11 3 Fax Management 58 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 12 Practical examples 12 1 Two Asterisk PBX connected via trunk ip In the following example we suppose to have two PBXs we want linked together via IP TRUNK PBX1 IP Address 192 168 1 1 manages local extensions ranging from 100 to 199 PBX2 IP Address 192 168 1 2 manages local extensions renging from 200 to 299 We need to create an IP link in this case we will use the sip protocol to let each local extensions call the other PBX s local extensions In other words we want to build a small PBX Virtual Private Network 59 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it PBX1 192 168 1 1 PBX2 192 168 1 2 The configuration of local extensions should follow thi
71. same rules previously described choose an used and move it from the left list to the right one 4 14 Hardware settings Asterisk can be connected to the General Telephone Net through a certified telephone cards POTS Isdn BRI Isdn PRI easyAsterisk lets to configure up to 3 cards on the same system choosing within the following comptibility list Digium TDM400P POTS card up to 4 FXS FXO ports Digium X100P 1 port analogical card FXO Digium TE110P TE2XXP TEAXXP 1 2 4 port PRI card compatible with T1 E1 protocols Junghanns QuadBri 4 ISDN BRI ports Junghanns QuadGSM GSM PCI adapter 1 2 or 4 ports Generic port BRI card with chipset HFC S very cheap Please take care of some limitations Digium X100P can t be installed with other adapters and up to 2 generic 1 BRI are allowed at the same time installed interfaces can t share the IRQs with other peripherals To visualize the IRQs assignment type in by console 29 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it root pbx cat proc interrupts Let s now examine the parameters to configure the various cards System Management menu Hardware Settings item Please note that some of them apparently meaningless are reserved to the experienced user If you don t know what a parameter is please accept the default value SETTINGS Channel language Default language of the protocol The default installation in
72. sary to specify the trunk used to place outgoing calls 37 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Let s now continue with our example We define a route that picks all local calls routing them on the carrier sip trunk To do this w have to configure e Pattern Name short distance Pattern 07 it s also possible to use the alternative notation 0 1 9 e Trunk carrier sip e To add the defined routing it s necessary to press the o key We should see the following status see figure 6 4 Route default 0 Outbound Routing Pattern Name Pattern Trunk Prefix Cut Digits pattern 0 Always On w Hours t t Days Blacklist Pattern Whitelist Pattern Trunk ison v Back Delete Allow all local extensions to use Figure 6 4 Outbound routing setting Through the drop down menu it s possible to set the routing s activity time always active or only in some days hours Please use the Scheduled menu item to set the preferred hours and days to confirm the settings press the icon Clicking on the arrows next to the pattern name in figure 6 4 it s encircled in red it s possible to configure some alternative trunks on which the calls fallback if the first in list is not available figure 6 5 AWaysOn Hours x Days Trunk Prefx Cut Digits carrier sip o ISDN 1055 Figur
73. ser that we are creating Secret Authentication password Context Incoming calls context Please consider the same peer s logic Codecs Defines the enabled codecs Deny Permit Defines restrictions to be applied on incoming calls addresses Please consider Priority the same peer logic Advanced Section reserved to experienced users to insert customized user values REGISTER Username Username Password Password Host Remote server 35 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it Contact Specific local extension to be addressed when a call is received Optional parameter 6 3 Trunks IP H323 H323 protocol configuration is similar to the one used for SIP and IAX2 protocols it s mandatory to define a peer for the outbound calls and an user for those incoming calls but it isn t supported a remote host registration process register If a binding address isn t defined in Protocol s General Settings a worning message will be shown when configuring an H323 trunk Asterisk doesn t include a gatekeeper management so it s necessary to add and configure manually a thirdy party product to do this 6 4 Outbound routing and LCR It s now necessary to defines routes and routing rules using Calls Management Outbound routing item The first parameters to set up are the name of the route and the dialing prefix to address it figure 6 2 Add Route Route Dialing Prefi
74. they were local extensions It s the standard configuration used to make PBXs VPN letting different remote branches of the same company to communicate pratically with no cost Let s make an example in a company with two remote branches we have two interconnected easyAsterisk The first branch used extensions ranging from 100 to 199 the second ranging from 200 to 299 The configuration is very easy because it s only necessary to declare on each easyAsterisk the trunk to be used and the range of the other PBX s extensions Pattern Defines the pattern of remote extensions in this example 2XX for the first PBX and 1XX for the second Trunk Selects the trunk to use to place calls CDR Record Enables or disables the details recording the calls in the internal database 6 7 Hints about Outbound Caller ID management The management of outbound caller ID is splitted in two sections e Ifa fixed CallerID has been defined on the trunk General Options of trunk properties that CallerID will always be used If for the local extension that places the call a CID Out Suffix has been defined that suffix will be added to the outgoing CallerID e If no fixed CallerID has been defined the numerical CallerID of the calling local extension will be used Please pay a good attention to the correct configuration between these parameters and the configuration of Carrier s outbound lines it s very often a cause of mistake
75. tocols through the General Settings men Let s analyze these options in detail starting from SIP Port Bind UDP port For SIP default port is 5060 Bind address Bind IP address 0 0 0 0 indicates the bind to all system IP address Channel language Default language of the protocol The default installation includes english and italian templates but it s possible to add custom templates Chapter 4 9 Realm Realm to be used for the authentications procedures It generally corresponds to host name or to the domain name The default realm will be asterisk if not specified Srvlookup Enable the DNS SRV lookups for outbound calls When disabled it won t be more possible to effect outbound calls based on domain name Maxexpirey Maximum duration given in seconds for incoming recordings Default 3600 1 hour Defaultexpirey Duration of incoming and outgoing recordings default measure second Default 120 User Agent Allows to set the string User Agent used in protocol headers Default Asterisk PBX Nat Enable NAT Mode Use if clients are behind to a NAT device Accepts not If set allows to accept anonymous incoming calls from not authenticated authenticated calls users Tos Defines Type of Service It is possible to select one of the default values or declare a personalized value Localnet Indicates the subnet address netmask included for example 192 166 0 0 255 25
76. ture it s mandatory to give SQL administrator s permissions user password these fields can be leaved empty if the SQL root default password hasn t been changed 9 7 Database management via Phpmyadmin The whole PBX configuration is recorded on a Mysql database called astconf that represents the source of each easyAsterisk configuration easyAsterisk integrates Phpmyadmin utility System Management menu that is useful to manage when neede the MySql database We recommend nevertheless to use this utility only when strictly necessary because a wrong operation could cause unpredictable results In that deprecated case simply restore a previously saved working configuration using the yet discussed utilities With this utility is also possible to access the CDR database asteriskcdrdb To use Phpmyadmin it s necessary to complete an authentication process using Username sqladmin Password sqladmin It is also possible to modify the password using a special option of Phpmyadmin s access menu 51 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual Phpmyadmin http www easyasterisk it Access Change Password Figure 9 6 Phpmyadmin access menu 9 8 Users management easyAsterisk can manage up to three levels of user s security New Password Confirm Password Go To PhpMyAdmin Save Changes e ADMIN can access all functionalities with no limitations PBXMANAGER can manage all PBX elements but can t m
77. uffer Jittershrinkrate Number of milliseconds required to increase or to decrease the Jitterbuffer It is convenient use short values Context Define the default context for IAX2 protocol Logic is the same described for the SIP protocol Default codec Indicates the list of the default codecs enabled The order with which the various codecs are listed also represents the priority with which they will be 18 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it used Advanced Advanced options for IAX2 protocol Logic is the same described for the SIP protocol 4 4 H323 protocol general settings In this release we apply the H323 protocol developed by Jeremy McNamara let s see its general settings Port Bind UPD port Default port value is 1720 Bind address Bind IP address Unlike SIP and 2 it is recommended mandatory to specify a valid IP address and not to leave the value 0 0 0 0 because this might cause the protocol malfunction Tos Defines Type of Service It is possible to select one of the default values or introduce a personalized value Dtmf Indicate the type of default Dtmf tones for the protocol Context Define the default context for H323 protocol Logic is the same described for the SIP protocol Default codecs Indicates the list of the enabled codecs The listing order also represents the codec s usage priority Advanced Adva
78. ups conference rooms and queues with relative agents virtual fax receipt only Calls Management lets you define the routing rules of incoming and outgoing calls and LCR Least Cost Routing policy In Trunks Management section are defined some connection parameters related to IP carriers along with some configuration parameters of installed TELCO interfaces The Dialplan Management is dedicated to the high skilled Asterisk user who wants to merge easyAsterisk generated dialplan with his own contexts and personalized macros System Management gives access to some general system setting related sections hardware and software backup management security management system monitoring and log files inspection Logout is obviously used to exit the application Every time you modify one or more PBX settings a button will appear at the bottom of Title Section informing you that to make those changes active it is necessary to reload the system configuration to reload you have to press the button When you modify the configuration of some particular elements such as Hardware Settings it is necessary to reboot the Asterisk server You will see a warning button but once pressed you will be prompted to confirm before rebooting the PC Please note that during reboot all running phone calls are lost 4 2 SIP protocol general settings easyAsterisk can support SIP IAX2 and H323 protocols It is possible to define the general settings of these pro
79. ure realignment is often needed To use this feature it s mandatory to give administrator s permissions user password these fields can be leaved empty if the SQL DB s root default password hasn t been changed 10 Dialplan customizing This section is addressed to expert users Using Dialplan Management it s possible to modify the easyAsterisk s system macros or to create customized macros and contexts 10 1 Changing a system macro Since a wrong operation in this area can seriously damage our PBX easyAsterisk provides the ability to restore an original macro When a System macro has been modified an icon will appear on its side to remember that the macro waas modified figure 10 1 Nome rnacro stdexten novm rnacro stdexten vmbu rnacro stdexten vmb rnacro stdexten vmu rnacro fix cdr macro fix dial options macro dialout trunk macro dialout router macro dialout router emuringtone macro dialout ip macro queue macro agentslogin macro CFIM ON macro CFIM OFF macro CFBS ON macro CFBS OFF macro CFUN ON macro CFUN OFF macro DND ON macro DND OFF macro blacklist macro play audiomsa macro meetme macro faxreceive Figure 10 1 System macro customizing Let s briefly see system macros macro stdexten novm Defines an extension with disabled voicemail macro stdexten vmbu Defines an extension with voicemail activated when busy or unavailable macro stdexten vmb Defines an
80. uter IP 44 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it 7 Calls detail record easyAsterisk can record a complete list of details on incoming and outgoing calls in a Sql database To manage the database you can use the menu Calls Management under Calls Detail Record item figure 7 1 Call Detail Records Query Date From 25 04 2007 Date To 55 04 2007 Caller exact match Destination exact match Accountcode Destination Channel Status 211 Direction jv Incominc ourGoING Exr FW Duration hore than 0 seconds Submit Figure 7 1 Call Detail Records Through this panel it s possible to perform some queries to extrapolate data from the database Date From Sets the date range scope for the query Date To Caller The caller s number or a portion of that number to consider in the query Destination The addressed number or a portion of that number to consider in the query Accountcode Account code to use in the query Destination Name of the opened channel during the call Channel Status Status of the call all answered not answered busy Direction Can be INCOMING OUTGOING or a external forwarding EXT FW In the last case the forwarding local extension is visualized too Duration Sets the desired minimum duration for the call The dataset reported by the query wi
81. x o Bac Add Figure 6 2 New route adding And pressing the Add button to access the route configuration page figure 6 3 Route default 0 Outbound Routing Pattern Name Pattern Trunk Prefix Cut Digits ISDN ISDN carrier iax Blacklist Pattern E Whitelist Pattern Trunk xw Back Delete Allow all local extensions to use Figure 6 3 Route attribute setting 36 di 64 easy Asterisk operating manual http www easyasterisk it The example shows a route named default with a dialing prefix code 0 Please note that 3 trunks are defined one probably pointing to one or more ports of an ISDN card and 2 IP connections Using patterns it s now necessary to define route s routing rules Patterns are alphanumerical strings defining outgoing addressable extensions and are composed by these chacarcters e X indicates an any digit from 0 to 9 7 indicates an any digit from 1 to 9 e N indicates an any digit from 2 to 9 e tis possible to use parentheses to indicate digits range 1246 indicates digit 1 2 4 and 6 Separating two digits with a hyphen will mean all digits in that range 1236 9 indicates digit 1 2 3 6 7 8 and 9 dot indicates any digits for an indefinite number of following digits Some practical examples will help us to better understand patterns structure PATTERN DESCRIPTION 00 Indicates

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