RFID Controlled Employee Time Clock
Contents
1. The software development for the reader and central processor will be accomplished using C Sharp Many times readers come available with SDKs from the manufacturer for easy interfacing We will have to review the SDK for our reader and make the decision to either go with it or go with our own interface which is more the brute force way The pros and the cons will have to be weighted As of now the plan is to go with our own interface developed from scratch Finally the reader also has LED lights that will indicate the mode the reader is currently in this will help us visually identify if we are successful in setting up the reader and the state the reader is in at any one time This will help immensely when testing and debugging Microcontroller The wireless ARMmite Figure 8 is a low cost single board computer that uses an ARM7 CPU This will provide more than adequate processing power for our application It will be programmed via a ZigBee 802 15 RF module with a BASIC programming language e Simply Connected Technology e ARM7 CPU running at 60 MHz e Programmed via Serial interface over optional Zigbee Bluetooth or USB e BASIC compiler runs gt 10 million lines of codes sec e 32K Flash memory with 12K available for user code 8K SRAM memory with space for over 1000 user variables e C compiler to access all 32K Flash and 8K RAM 24 TTL compatible digital I O 8 10 bit A D converter channels e Onboard regulated power supply2. Stan L Reid Tel 703 934 6013 Mobile 703 599 7108 Email stan reid wavetrend net Conclusion Having had the time to spend this semester to research and plan this project we feel confident with all the aspect of the project There is little bit of inherent risk with taking on any bigger project such as this special when it s from initial design all the way until finish product in a defined and relatively tight schedule Then there is the risk of the unfamiliarity with some of the aspects of the project and risk of interfacing the various components Schedule would have been a little bit tight had we just had the fall semester to do it all but since we plan to get started in the summer it should give us enough time to finish everything in time handle any unexpected road block is they should come up and if all goes well it should even give us some extra time to implement our extra features We are excited to get this project started and ultimately fully integrated and completed on time to demonstrate our engineering skills References 1 Wavetrend User Manual L RX201 Doc No EAB 02710 00 UM 2 Wavetrend L Series Product Information Sheet Doc No EAB 00200 04 PI 3 www wavetrend com
3. 4 4 Data Flow 4 R8465 A Figure 3 Reader Possible Network Setup Power a A A Ar RS232 Serial 2 wire RS485 ToPC Power Wires an S Figure 4 Our Single Reader Setup We plan to use the broadcast option along with auto polling feature to get a steady stream and sampling of RFID tags data that is transmitted We will not be overly concerned with data corruption or lose of packets since the data is coming continuously at a frequent enough rate that we can wait for the next valid packet The reader operates on a command response operation formatted in packet of data with error checking etc that is included in the protocol Data only flows in one or the other directions since we are using a single serial port to control the communication Here is a short list of commands Figure 5 source Wavetrend 1 Value 0x00 0x01 0x02 0x03 0x04 0x05 0x06 0x07 0x08 0x09 Ox0A 0x08 ox0c 0x00 0x0E 0x0F 0x10 0x11 0x12 OxFE OxFF Function Reset Network Start Enable Auto Polling Disable Auto Polling Ping Reader Set Network ID Set Reader ID Get Tag Packet Get RSSI Value Set RSS Value Set Site Code Get Site Code Set Receiver Gain Get Receiver Gain Set Alarm Filter Get Alarm Filter Get Number of invalid Tags Get Supply Voltage Start RF white noise calculation Get RF white noise result Set Baud Rate Get Version Information Expect Response Reply Packet Continuous Reply Packet Reply Packet Error
4. 95 Free to us RFID Reader SDK Wavetrend 49 Free to us if and other software needed Total 79 49 Alternative parts and suppliers Part Part Supplier Cost Wireless RCM4400W Rabbit microcontroller Development Kit Semiconductor 149 00 Magnetic Sensor Rotary Solenoid R 09 150 CCWM Systems 137 18 Solenoid Driver Magnetic Sensor Module PWM400 Systems 78 34 RFID Reader Total L RX300 Wavetrend 69 95 Free to us 364 52 Vendor List Magnetic Sensor Systems 6901 Woodley Avenue Van Nuys California 91406 Phone 888 785 9444 818 785 6244 Fax 818 785 5713 E Mail sales SolenoidCity com Rabbit 2900 Spafford Street Davis California 95618 6809 USA Phone 1 530 757 8400 Fax 1 530 757 8402 E Mail rabbit rabbit com Coridium Corporation PO Box 339 Tahoe Vista CA 96148 0339 Tel 1 800 478 9020 Fax 1 800 478 9020 Coridium Corporation 6790 N Lake Blvd Tahoe Vista CA 96148 0339 Tel 1 800 478 9020 Fax 1 800 478 9020 Digi Key 701 Brooks Avenue South Thief River Falls MN 56701 USA Phone 1 800 344 4539 218 681 6674 Fax 218 681 3380 Jameco Electronics 1355 Shoreway Road Belmont CA 94002 Tel 1 650 592 8097 Fax 1 650 592 2503 Toll Free Tel 1 800 831 4242 Fax 1 800 237 6948 International Fax 1 650 592 2503 Wavetrend Technologies Inc 11350 Random Hills Road Suite 800 Fairfax Virginia 22030 Tel 703 934 6000 Fax 703 934 6012 Kyle Kosinski Tel 703 934 6010
5. Number Reply Packet Reply Packet Tag Packet Reply Packet RSSI Reply Packet Reply Packet Reply Packet Site Code Reply Packet Reply Packet Gain Reply Packet Reply Packet Status Reply Packet Counter Reply Packet Voltage Reply Packet Reply Packet Result No Reply Broadcast only Reply Packet Version Data Figure 5 Command Shortlist The Get Tag Packet command will be the most useful and most used command in our application for the obvious reasons that we want refreshed tag information as soon as it is available Figure 6 source Wavetrend 1 Command OXAA 0x00 Response empty 0x55 0x00 Response Tag Packet 0x55 Data Length Network ID Receiver ID Node ID 0x06 Checksum Network ID Receiver ID Node ID 0x06 Checksum Network ID Receiver ID Node ID 0x06 Data Checksum Figure 6 Get Tag Command The data field portion of the packet looks like this Figure 7 source Wavetrend Function Value i Interval Reed Switch Counter Firmware version 8 c Movement switch counter Age byte MSB Age byte Age byte Age byte LSB Site code MS8 Site code Site code LSB Tag ID MSB Tag ID Tag ID Tag IDLSB Type of tag flag Reader ID RSS signal strength Checksum 20H reserved Alarm byte Node ID Network ID Reader Set RSSI Value Firmware Version LF CR ENON A WUN w w w NNN NNN N N ab ab ab b ab ab ab a BYESBBBNSBRBRBRBVBSSEANSTZRBER ASO Figure 7 Data Field
6. RFID Employee Access System Project Proposal Fetah Basic Ken Dean April 25 2008 Introduction Our proposed idea for this project is an application that would utilize RF readers along with RF tags in tracking and logging of hourly employee hours along with this we would control a mechanical locking mechanism via wireless commands This would be used to substitute manual clock punching in and out Employees could have small RF tags that would be read by RF readers and perform the hour logging automatically The tags would also allow employees access into the building of work or specific area inside the workplace by reading the tags at the entrance and sending commands to the locking mechanism As employees approach it would unlock the door for a predetermined time period This of course can be logged as well so the employer keeps track of who is entering or leaving the workplace and the time when it occurs With this project there are plenty of software components From programming the interface between the reader and the backend device to parsing and reading the tags configuring the reader door lock microcontroller system and so on An additional software component would be the programming of the locking mechanism This will involve programming a microcontroller to interact with a locking device such as a servo or solenoid We would also need to program the interface between this software and the RF components so that we would be able to sen
7. cansaateae ienn rair SEE 0 2V to VS e PWM Adj st Input scesi 0 2V to VS e Delay Adjust Input seeseeseeeeeeeereeeesrsereerersrrersn 0 2V to VS 24V max e Operating Temperature Range sssessesesesesesesseressee 40 C to 125 C Storage Temperature Range sccjcscsacesecsasecesteaccsesateeesiees 65 C to 150 C e Junction Temperature a ccass5scncasendancedvaaveagsaiseemeonaaeniadnaspcacteatuersaaes 150 C e Lead Temperature soldering 108 2 sssessssssssssesssssssssessseessesss 300 C Figure 11 DRV101 solenoid driver User Interface The user interface in our project will be done in phases The initial phase will be as a testing or debugging tool used for our development and diagnosis Will use it to display the any and all useful information that we can such as RFID tags we see currently and have seen All the information for the tags tag ID site code ID signal strength etc This will be very useful in the process of developing the final design of the project and the user interface The second phase of the user interface will be fine tuning it to fit an end user of the product Display only prudent information necessary and that the user will care about It will be interactive Display it in a simple pretty fashion such as in Figure 12 The user will depend on this user interface for management and configuration of the entire system They will also depend on it for reporting of not only current data but h
8. d commands to this mechanical device Communication will be accomplished using a wireless device such as Bluetooth or WIFI The other software components would also be the higher level application that would control this flow capture and process the data The hardware components would be the actual hardware equipment the RFID reader RFID tags microcontrollers and the locking mechanism The goals of this project are recognize and read multiple RF tags from multiple readers then using this information send commands to a microcontroller to control a mechanical door lock wirelessly We want to collect and process this raw data in a meaningful way where we can use the data to accomplish daily tasks automatically to facilitate routine procedures for the users The project may easily be split into stages and smaller pieces as tasks to accomplish along the way to gauge our progress that will lead to our ultimate goal at the demonstration Motivation Current methods of employee time clocks can be difficult to use Card readers passwords and punch cards are some of the many ways employees are required to clock into and out of work Many of these devices are susceptible to a variety of problems that make their use undesirable In addition to the problems inherent in these methods employees may forget to clock in or out when they arrive or depart from the work place or may be required to wait while others are clocking in or out Entering or exiting the w
9. ently to stay in tune We will meet weekly at 1 00pm in the CS lab WEB 130 during the spring semester As necessary will meet on weekends and weeknights Once the project officially starts we plan to meet in the summer to get things under way and then we will arrange future meetings through our communication Finally we will setup a standard constant place and time to meet and work together on the project Schedule and Milestones Acquisition of the RFID system and door lock microcontroller system Implementation of the RFID system and door lock microcontroller system Linking RFID system to time clock computer Linking of RFID system to door lock microcontroller system Week 1 Acquire the RFID reader and tags FB Order microcontroller door lock Solenoid and interface cables KD Week 2 Begin RFID interface FB Begin work on microcontroller code KD Week 3 Continue work on RFID interface FB Complete work on microcontroller KD Week 4 Complete work on RFID interface FB Debug microcontroller KD Week 5 Build door locking device FB KD Week 6 Interface microcontroller to door lock FB KD Week 7 Test door lock microcontroller assembly FB KD Week 8 Begin interfacing microcontroller assembly with RFID Central Processor Week 9 Continue working on microcontroller assembly and RFID Central Processor interfacing FB KD Week 10 Complete microcontroller assembly and RFID Ce
10. istoric data as well If time permits us we will integrate our entire system to a back end database Name Jon Doe ID 1234 567 Figure 12 Sample User Interface Testing and Integration Using RS232 serial port communication to connect from the PC to the RFID reader we will initialize the current state of the reader and can use the LED indicators on the reader to verify if we have done it successfully Once the reader is setup and connected to the PC we will begin reading the serial data we get from the reader and parse it for the Tag data transmitted Displaying this data real time in a GUI will help continuously test and verify the data we are getting or if we are getting any data at all and if we should be getting data Once this tag monitoring is established then we can proceed to implementing processing logic to utilize this data Sending an address code with an open command to the microcontroller will verify that the communication with the computer and microcontroller is working and the correct address and instruction decoding is taking place The door lock mechanism will tested upon assembly with a simple program written in the microcontroller to verify the proper operation of the unit Sending the address with an open instruction to the microcontroller will then test the completed link from the computer to the door lock Group Communication Plan Our communication will always be via email phone etc We plan to communicate frequ
11. nd it has a life expectancy of 3 5 years that can be detected when it is nearing end of life it also has tamper proofing ability and maybe most importantly besides doing the job for us we can get it for free 2 Figure 1 T501 RFID Tag RFID Reader Our RFID Reader L RX201 Figure 2 source Wavetrend is best suited for a single network set up that would consist of up to 254 Addressing restrictions of the reader in daisy chain like setup Figure 3 source Wavetrend but in our application we only need one to accomplish our project and demonstration Figure 4 source Wavetrend 1 Figure 2 L RX201 RFID Reader Connection of reader to PC can be done via the RS232 or Left RS485 ports We have chosen to connect via RS232 to the PC The network operates at speeds of 115200 baud down to 9600 baud Data to and from the PC must be at the same rate These rates can be altered when initializing the serial connection between the reader and PC The reader has the following interface specifications 1 RFID Reader Interfaces e Interface Serial RS232 or RS285 e Baud 115 kB s 57 6 kB s 38 4 kB s 19 2 kB s 9 6 kB s Selectable e Parity None e Start Bit 1 e Stop Bit 1 e Data Bits 8 The Data is passed and arranged in a packet format The reader can be individually addressed by using one of two address techniques or it can be set up to broadcast 2 and PC a 2 wire a wire a 2 wire 2 wire a wire RS4E5 A RS485 4 R3495 4 4 R3485
12. ntral Processor Interface Week 11 Begin UI development to tie into clock in out system FB Week 12 Complete UI development start Debug Testing FB KD Week 13 Debug Testing FB KD Week 14 Complete the system finish final report FB KD Week 15 Demonstrate a fully functional system Tasks August September October November December RFID i Interfacing Build UI DB Interface mp x Interface Microcontroller D gt to central system Interface Microcontroller Ii to Door Lock Device Build Door Lock Device Report Tentative Gant Char Tasking Fetah RFID Reader Tag interface to central processing system Central Processing RFID interface UI Interface central processing system to Microcontroller Door Lock Device Interface to Employee DB Ken Ken will acquire all the parts for the door locking mechanism and the microcontroller He will assemble the door lock interface it to the microcontroller and complete all testing on these components to verify proper operation Both Debug Test Documentation Risk Assessment Common risks associated with our system will come in interfacing our various components together to function as one system in sync Risks such as the interfacing of the RFID reader with central processing system Another potential risk is going to be the interfacing of our microcontroller to the door lock device these to components must be able to interface to one another for our overall system
13. orkplace may also require the use of a key card or other device to gain entry It is a logical step to combine the two and allow the worker to enter and clock in with the same RFID tag Project Tasks e Acquire a suitable RFID system e Acquire a suitable microcontrollers e Acquire a suitable solenoid to use as locking unlocking device e Create a RFID receiver to computer link e Create link between RFID system and door lock microcontroller e Interface to employee time clock database Specific Task Interfaces RFID Tag There are various kinds of RFID tags that are available ones that only work with one specific type of RFID reader and once that can work with several types Usually these tags have several programmable configurations such as transmitting rate ID addressing Site Code etc And other specialized tags may have various other sensors like Temperature Movement etc This is done through specialized tag programmers The tags we are going to get will come pre programmed or pre configured with ID addresses Site Code and transmitting rate which will work fine for our application Ideally we would like to use the key fob tag for this project because of the obvious attractions of having a tiny tag that can be attached to a key chain for employees to use easily but the key fob tags are one of the more expensive tags The tag we are planning to use is one of the most popular solid by Wavetrend which is T501 Figure 1 source Wavetre
14. runs off 5 6V DC input e Internal supplies of 3 3V and 1 8V hon Figure 8 ARMmite wireless microcontroller Wireless Adapter The XBee ZigBee RF module Figure 9 will provide all the communication between the door latch microcontroller and the central processor It utilizes the 802 15 protocol for ease of use e Transmit power output 1mW 0 dBm e Indoor Urban range Up to 100 ft 30 m e Outdoor RF line of sight range Up to 300 ft 100 m e RF data rate 250 Kbps e Interface data rate Up to 115 2 Kbps e Operating frequency 2 4 GHz e Receiver sensitivity 92 dBm Figure 9 XBee 802 15 4 OEM RF Module Solenoid This SMT 2551L24A solenoid Figure 10 will provide all the necessary force to pull the door latch and hold it in place for the required period of time Its small size high power and low cost make it the perfect solenoid for our purpose Type ubular pull Voltage VDC Coil Resistance 10 Ohms Power Consumption W rce Ibs 4 o Size Length x Diameter inch Shaft Diameter inch 0 44 weight bs _ SC id Figure 10 Solenoid 24VDC 60 ohms pull 1 inch stroke Solenoid Driver Chip The solenoid will be driven using the DRV101 Figure 11 solenoid valve driver The wide range of supply voltages operating current and times makes it an ideal match to the SMT 2551L24A solenoid Sippy Voltage VS ceee E eats 60V s Input Ya CG Sse ssctcesg ccuciaasoagseaden
15. to function as we want it to Purchasing the right microcontroller and the right door lock device with the correct specs will be essential in accomplishing a successful interface between the two Another risk or challenge posed by this project is that the microcontroller besides interfacing to our door lock device must also interface wirelessly to our central processing system The risk here would be the interfacing of the either the 802 11 WIFI network protocol or Bluetooth network protocol which are both unfamiliar to us now Again which protocol it is will depend on choosing the correct microcontroller Bill of Materials Preferred parts and suppliers Part Part Supplier Cost 24VDC Solenoid SMT 2551L24AA Jameco 11 99 Solenoid Driver DRV101FKTWT Digi Key 7 70 Coridium Wireless ARMmite AM WL Corporation 39 95 XBee Zigbee wireless XB24 AWI 001 Digi Key 19 00 RFID Reader L RX201 Wavetrend amp 499 95 Free for Iautomate com us Antennas AN100 Quarter Wavetrend Included in Reader Wave Whip Antenna package Power Supply PS300 power supply Wavetrend Included in Reader unit package Power Supply PS300 power supply Wavetrend Included in Reader cable connection package Cables AC501 PC serial port Wavetrend Included in Reader cable package Cables AC502 power supply Wavetrend Included in Reader to reader cable package Tags 2 T501 or others Wavetrend 19 95 to 39
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