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Agilent E6237A SICL User`s Manual

1. 86 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using VXI Specific Interrupts Processing VME Interrupts Example vmeintr c This example uses SICL to cause a VME interrupt from an HP E1361 register based relay card at logical address 136 include amp lt sicl h gt static void vmeint INST unsigned short static void int_setup INST unsigned long static void int_hndlr INST long long int intr 0 main int O INST id_intfl unsigned long mask 1 iintroff id_intfl iopen vxi 136 int_setup id_intf1 mask vmeint id_intf1 136 wait for SRQ or interrupt condition iwaithdlr 0 ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT iintron iclose id_intfl static void int_setup INST id unsigned long mask ionintr id int_hndlr isetintr id I_INTR_VXI_SIGNAL mask static void vmeint INST id unsigned short laddr int reg volatile char al6_ptr 0 reg 8 al6_ptr imap id I_MAP_A1l6 0 1 0 Cause relay card to interrupt unsigned short al6_ptr Oxc000 laddr 64 reg 0x0 static void int_hndlr INST id long reason long sec printf VME interrupt reason 0x x sec O0x x n reason Sec intr 1 Chapter 4 87 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www arti
2. Print the results printf Result is s n strres Close the multimeter session iclose dvm Chapter 2 35 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Locks 36 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB The HP IB interface Hewlett Packard Interface Bus is Hewlett Packard s implementation of the IEEE 488 1 Bus Other IEEE 488 versions include GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus and IEEE Bus GPIB and HP IB are both used in the discussions and examples in this chapter The HP IB related SICL functions have the string GP 1B embedded in the function name This chapter explains how to use SICL to communicate over HP IB This chapter describes in detail how to open a communications session and communicate with HP IB devices interfaces or controllers This chapter contains the following sections E Creating a Communications Session with HP IB E Communicating with HP IB Devices E Communicating with HP IB Interfaces E Communicating with HP IB Commanders E Summary of HP IB Specific Functions 38 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www
3. Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Printing History Edition 1 August 1997 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Conventions Used in This Manual This manual uses the following typographical conventions Getting Started Dialog Box File dir filename File Open Sml Med Lrg Press Enter Press Ctrl O Italicized text is used for book titles and for emphasis Bold text is used for the first instance of a word that is defined in the glossary Computer font represents text that you will see on the screen including menu names features buttons or text that you have to enter In this context the text in computer font represents an argument that you type exactly as shown and the italicized text represents an argument that you must replace with an actual value The is used in a shorthand notation to show the location of features in the menu For example File Open means to select the File menu and then select Open Choices in computer font separated with bars indicate that you should choose one of the options In this context bold represents a key to press on the keyboard Represents a combination of keys on the keyboard that you should press at the same time Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 S
4. The iproc cf file is stored in the following directories on your system usr sicl etc The following is an example of the usr sicl etc iproc cf file For E623x support Sample shown using SICL symbolic name as vxi boot echo SICL Instrument I O Initialization boot ivxirm I vxi When a SYSRESET occurs rerun the resource manager delay 5 sec The resource manager MUST be run in the background ie last character should be a amp sysreset vxi ivxirm t 5 104 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System Viewing the VXlbus System Configuration Viewing the VXIbus System Configuration You can use the SICL ivxisc utility to read the current system configuration and print a human readable display by running the following command at the prompt ivxisc See VXI Configuration Utilities later in this appendix for information on using this utility Appendix B 105 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities VXI Configuration Utilities The following SICL utilities are available to help you configure your VXI system E iproc E ivxirm E ivxisc The utilities are located in the following directory on your system usr sicl bin Each of these utilities is
5. 22 Non Formatted T O woes scccsiseesascsretseasteads sennsevetneen da vaueetivteseteyegages 23 Non formatted I O Example ee eeescesssesseceeeceeeeeeeseceaeenaeees 23 Using Asynchronous Events ceeesceeeceeeeeseeeeseceaeecaeeseecnaeeeeeesseesaes 25 SRO Handlers icssscsecciasacazitessahedsssacasvcaactavsaiedssesaaaddesesaadssseacsesaeaaesscaes 25 Interrupt Handlets iissa eene vee 25 Temporarily Disabling Enabling Asynchronous Events 26 Protecting I O Calls Against Interrupts 0 eee eeeeeseceneeeeeeeeees 27 Interrupt Handler Example 00 0 0 ceceeseeseccsseeeeeceeeceeeeeeeeeaeesaeeeeaees 28 Using Error Handlers weisviscissi sei eatin dione incised 30 Error Handler Example ceesceeeesceseeeeeceeeeeeeseeeesaecnaeeeaeeeaaeeneee 31 Using LOCKS sess cevsud tevivvscnsayssicencuncieed dees seivuotlieeivadbeuieva sates ni eeeeioneees 33 Contents 1 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Lock ACUOMS encinar iciae 34 Locking in a Multi User Environment eseeseeererererresreresrerrn 34 Locking Example sisis sissi essiivssviutscesnicedis ensuites civeeecenvieene 35 3 Using HP SICL with HP IB Creating a Communications Session with HP IB oe eee eeseeneees 39 Communicating with HP IB Devices 20 0 ee eeeesecesecenecetecesseeeeeeeeeeees 40 Addressing HP IB Devices 0 ceeeeseescesseceseceeeeeseeeaecseceaecnaeesseeees 40 HP SICL Func
6. A rtisan Artisan Technology Group is your source for quality TecmoogyGroup new and certified used pre owned equipment FAST SHIPPING AND SERVICE CENTER REPAIRS WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT DELIVERY Experienced engineers and technicians on staff Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment TENS OF THOUSANDS OF at our full service in house repair center We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins IN STOCK ITEMS www artisantg com WeBuyEquipment 7 EQUIPMENT DEMOS HUNDREDS OF InstraV ea REMOTE INSPECTION LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION MANUFACTURERS Remotely inspect equipment before purchasing with Visit us on the web at www artisantg com 7 for more our interactive website at www instraview com information on price quotations drivers technical LEASING MONTHLY specifications manuals and documentation RENTALS ITAR CERTIFIED D a gaa tia Contact us 888 88 SOURCE sales artisantg com www artisantg com HP Standard Instrument Control Library User s Guide for LynxOS Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Notice The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice Hewlett Packard Company HP shall not be liable for any errors contained in this document HP makes no warranties of any kind with regard to this document whether express or implied HP specifically disclaims the implied warranties of mer
7. SYS ACT TLK LIN ADDR printf S2d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 5d 6d n rem srq ndac sysctlr actctlr talker listener addr return 0 The following example program located in usr sicl examples sets up two HP IB instruments over an interface session and has the instruments communicate with each other The three main parts of this program are as follows E Read the data from the scope get_data E Print some statistics about the data massage_data E Have the scope send the data to a printer print_data hpibintr c This program requires a 54601A digitizing oscilloscope or compatible and a printer capable of printing in HP RASTER GRAPHICS STANDARD e g thinkjet This program will tell the scope to take a reading on channel 1 then send the data back to this program Then some simple statistics about the data is printed The program then tells the scope to send the data directly to the printer illustrating how the controller does not have to be directly involved in an HPIB transaction include lt stdio h gt used for printf include lt stdlib h gt used for exit include lt sicl h gt SICL header file defines define INTF_ADDR hpib define SCOPE_ADDR INTF_ADDR 7 function prototypes void initialize void void get_data void void massage_data void Chapter 3 47 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 88
8. 85 interrupts c example 28 ionerror 30 ionintr 25 26 ionsrq 25 26 VXI device sessions 76 ipeek 65 72 ipeek utility 92 ipoke 65 72 ipoke utility 93 iprintf 13 22 iproc utility 104 107 iproc cf file 104 ipromptf 14 22 iread 23 HP IB commander sessions 52 HP IB device sessions 41 HP IB interface sessions 45 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com VXI device sessions 76 VXI interface sessions 77 iread utility 94 ireadstb HP IB device sessions 41 VXI device sessions 76 IRQ lines 102 irq cf file 102 iscanf 13 22 isetbuf 22 isetintr 25 26 45 78 isetstb HP IB commander sessions 52 isetubuf 22 itrigger 79 HP IB device sessions 41 HP IB interface sessions 45 VXI device sessions 76 iunlock 33 iunmap 65 72 ivxibusstatus 88 ivxigettrigroute 88 ivxirm utility 99 109 ivxirminfo 88 ivxisc utility 105 111 ivxiservants 88 ivxitrig 78 ivxitrigoff 88 ivxitrigon 88 ivxitrigroute 88 ivxiwaitnormop 88 ivxiws 88 iwaithdlr 26 iwrite 23 HP IB commander sessions 52 HP IB device sessions 41 HP IB interface sessions 45 VXI device sessions 76 VXI interface sessions 77 iwrite utility 95 ixtrig HP IB interface sessions 45 VXI interface sessions 79 L Linking SICL programs 7 location 119 Locking 33 Example 35 Lock actions 34 Multi user environment 34 locking c example 35
9. Each interface on the controller must have a unique logical unit The logical unit is specified during the system configuration Glossary 123 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com mapping An operation that returns a pointer to a specified section of an address space as well as makes the specified range of addresses accessible to the requester non controller role A computer acting as a device communicating with a controller process An operating system object containing one or more threads of execution that share a data space A multi process system is a computer system that allows multiple programs to execute simultaneously each in a separate process environment A single process system is a computer system that allows only a single program to execute at a given point in time register An address location that controls or monitors hardware session An instance of a communications channel with a device A session is established when the channel is opened with the iopen function and is closed with a corresponding call to iclose SRQ Service Request An asynchronous request an interrupt from a remote device indicating that the device requires servicing status byte A byte of information returned from a remote device showing the current state and status of the device symbolic name A name corresponding to a single interface This name uniquely identifies the
10. Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands Conversion Characters The conversion characters for sending and receiving formatted I O are different The following tables summarize the conversion characters for each Output Description Conversion Characters dy Corresponding argument is an integer Corresponding argument is a double b B Corresponding argument is a pointer to an arbitrary block of data pG Corresponding argument is a character t Controls whether the END indicator is sent with each LF character in the format string Sye Corresponding argument is a pointer to a null terminated string o Sends an ASCII percent character O u x X Corresponding argument is an unsigned integer e E g G Corresponding argument is a double n Corresponding argument is a pointer to an integer F Corresponding argument is a pointer to a FILE descriptor opened for reading The following example sends an arbitrary block of data to the session specified by the id parameter The asterisk is used to indicate that the number is taken from the next argument long int size 1024 char data 1024 iprintf id b size data Sends 1024 characters of block data 18 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Formatted I O Example Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands Input
11. Introduction HP SICL Overview HP SICL Overview SICL is a modular instrument communications library that works with a variety of computer architectures I O interfaces and operating systems Applications written in C or C using this library can be ported at the source code level from one system to another without or with very few changes SICL uses standard commonly used functions to communicate over a wide variety of interfaces For example a program written to communicate with a particular instrument on a given interface can also communicate with an equivalent instrument on a different type of interface This is possible because the commands are independent of the specific communications interface SICL also provides commands to take advantage of the unique features of each type of interface thus giving the programmer complete control over I O communications The HP E6237A Pentium Real Time Controller with SICL on LynxOS supports the following interfaces E VXIbus including multiple mainframe systems using the E1482B VXI MXI extender E HP IB HP SICL Features SICL has several features that distinguish it from other I O libraries Portability Centralized error handling Formatted I O Device interface and commander communications sessions Asynchronous event notification HP SICL User SICL is intended for instrument I O and C C programmers who are familiar with the LynxOS operating system This manual does not a
12. See the HP SICL Reference Manual for a complete description of the iunmap function VME Interrupts There are seven VME interrupt lines that can be used By default VXI processing of the ACK value will be used However if you configure VME IRQ lines as VME Only no VXI processing of the ACK value will be done That is the ACK value will be passed to a SICL interrupt handler directly See isetintr in the HP SICL Reference Manual for information on the VME interrupts 72 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices VME Example When you have a VME device that requires A16 address space that is accessed via an E1482 VXI MXI Extender Bus card you need to make an entry in the usr sicl etc vxilu oride cf file on your system to open an A16 address window The same is true for the A24 and A32 address space which may also require an entry in the oride cf file The following is an example entry that opens a 512 byte window in A16 address space starting at address 0x7000 with the E1482 at logical address 1 1 0xC 0x6770 When you have a VME device that requires A24 or A32 address space you need to make an entry in the usr sicl etc vxilu vmedev cf file on your LynxOS system to reserve the appropriate address range The following is an example entry for a VME device in slot 6 of a VXI mainframe The mai
13. The resource manager will set up the commander servant hierarchy according to the commander s logical addresses and the servant area switch However you can use this file to override the default according to the commander s switch settings This file should only contain changes from the normal The names cf Configuration File The names cf file is a database that contains a list of symbolic names to assign V XI devices that have been configured The ivxirm utility reads the model id number from the VXI device and the ivxisc utility uses that information and this file to print out the VXI device symbolic name If you add a new VXI device to your system that is not currently in the database you may want to add an entry to this file 102 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Configuration Files The oride cf Configuration File The oride cf file contains values to be written to logical address space for register based instruments This data is written to A16 address space after the resource manager runs but before the system s resources are released This can be used for custom configuration of register based instruments every time the resource manager runs It can also be used to program extender devices like the VXI MXI Bus Extender card See Routing External Trigger Lines on the E1482 VXI MXI Extender Bus Card in
14. ipeek is the SICL utility for examining memory locations on interfaces that support mapping The ipeek utility will print the contents of the specified memory location in hexadecimal The sym_name is the SICL symbolic name of the interface The interface must support mapping such as VXI The map_space is the map area that you would like to examine Currently the only interface supported is VXI The valid map spaces are A16 A24 A32 VXIDEV EXTEND and SHARED See the imap function in the HP SICL Reference Manual for a description of these mappings The offset is the offset in bytes from the beginning of the mapped space to the location that is to be examined The parameter definitions follow v Turns on verbose mode Prints the usage of the ipeek program b Specifies that the register size is a byte 8 bits w Specifies that the register size is a word 16 bits default 1 Specifies that the register size is a long 32 bits ipeek vxi A16 0xC000 1 92 Appendix A Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities ipoke ipoke Syntax ipoke v bl wl 1 sym_name map_space offset value Description ipoke is the SICL utility for writing to memory locations on interfaces that support mapping The ipoke utility will write the contents of the value parameter to the specified memory location The sym_name is the SICL symbolic name of th
15. you need to reboot the system Enter the following command at the prompt etc reboot aN 118 Appendix C Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Configuring HP SICL Editing the Hardware Configuration File About the Hardware Configuration File Each line in the hwconfig cf file corresponds to an interface card that will be used for instrument I O There is only one line for each interface card in the system This file only needs to be edited if you are not running the I O setup utility You can view the default hwconfig cf file in the directory usr sicl defaults The format of each line is as follows lu symname cardname location card specific values Where lu Logical unit number of the card O lt u lt 10000 Each interface card must have a unique logical unit number The actual value used is not important but you must remember this number in order to address the card in your application properly symname A symbolic name for your card Each card must have a unique symbolic name This name may be used instead of the logical unit number to address an interface The default symbolic name for your HP IB interface should be hpib cardname The specific name of the card This is used to determine which driver to use location The location of the card Card specific information is described below for each possible card In each case the values specified are
16. 72 VME Example oiris naninira ities eea EERTE E E iad 73 HP SICL Function Support with VXI eeeeeeeseeeeeeeereeresrreresresrreresrsss 76 Device SESSIONS E E E T 76 Message Based Device SeSSiOnS cceeseceseceseeeeeceeeeeeeeeneenees 76 Register Based Device Sessions scceecessceeeeeeeeeeseeneeeeeeaees 76 Interface SCSSiOn Sierens cietie E EEE EEE 77 Using HP SICL Trigger Lime cc ccscecascesasescceccauasencceessaeseesvetaeeercutedeenses 78 Routing VXI TTL Trigger Lines in a VXI MXI System 79 Routing External Trigger Lines on the E1482 VXI MXI Extender Bus Ee e ASEA A A T EET 81 Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers ecceesceeeeeesteceeeeeeeeeeeees 82 Using VXI Specific Interrupts s0cciciiel sense letdsiebncen cieistevceb ehedeens 85 Processing VME Interrupts Example eee eeeeeceeseeneeeeseeeaeenaeens 87 Summary of VXI Specific Functions 200 eeeeeeeereeeeeceeeeeaecnseeenaeees 88 A The HP SICL Utilities ICICAT EAE AAEE AEE caeeseevecdadava coed T A 91 role E E AE A A adele 92 i1 DLO d AOA T A veatiavelannneien Bihestiases 93 TENE t a EEE E EEEE EEES EN E 94 TIA E T EAT E I E A T A A E A E 95 Contents 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com B Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Resource Manager ivxirm cccccceeeceeeeeeeeeteeeeeeceaeeeeeeeeees 99 The VXI Configuration Files cece cesecceceseeeeeeeeeeeeees
17. Close the multimeter session iclose dvm 24 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Asynchronous Events Using Asynchronous Events Asynchronous events are events that happen outside the control of your application These events include Service Requests SRQ and interrupts An SRQ is a notification that a device requires service Any device can generate an SRQ Both devices and interfaces can generate interrupts By default creating a session enables asynchronous events However the library will not report any events to the application until the appropriate handlers are installed in your program SRQ Handlers The ionsrq function installs an SRQ handler The currently installed SRQ handler is called any time its corresponding device or interface generates an SRQ If an interface is unable to determine which device on the interface generated the SRQ all SRQ handlers assigned to that interface will be called Therefore an SRQ handler cannot assume that its corresponding device generated an SRQ The SRQ handler should use the ireadstb function to determine whether its device generated an SRQ If two or more sessions refer to the same device and have handlers installed the handlers for each of the sessions are called Interrupt Handlers Two distinct steps are required for an interrupt handler to be called First the interrupt ha
18. Description Conversion Characters dirn Corresponding argument must be a pointer to an integer e f g Corresponding argument must be a pointer to a float G Corresponding argument is a pointer to a character sequence s S t Corresponding argument is a pointer to a string O u x Corresponding argument must be a pointer to an unsigned integer Corresponding argument must be a character pointer F Corresponding argument is a pointer to a FILE descriptor opened for writing The following example reads characters up to the first white space character from the session specified by the id parameter and puts the characters into data char data 180 iscanf id s data The following ANSI C example located in usr sicl examples illustrates using the formatted I O functions This example opens an HP IB communications session with a Multimeter and sends a comma operator to send a comma separated list to the Multimeter The 1f conversion characters are then used to receive a double back from the Multimeter Chapter 2 19 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands formatio c This example program makes a multimeter measurement with a comma separated list passed with formatted I O and prints the results include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm double res double list 2 1 0
19. SICL Sending I O Commands Sending I O Commands Once you have established a communications session with a device interface or commander you can start communicating with that session using either formatted I O or non formatted I O E Formatted I O converts mixed types of data under the control of a format string The data is buffered thus optimizing interface traffic The formatted I O routines are geared towards instruments and are very compact but not fast E Non formatted I O sends or receives raw data to or from a device interface or commander With non formatted I O no formatting or conversion of the data is performed Thus if formatted data is required it must be done by the user See the following sections for a complete description and examples of using formatted I O and non formatted I O Formatted I O The SICL formatted I O mechanism is similar to the C stdio mechanism SICL formatted I O however is designed specifically for instrument communication and is optimized for IEEE 488 2 compatible instruments The three main functions for formatted I O are as follows E The iprintf function formats according to the format string and sends data to the session specified by id iprintf id format arg1 arg2 E The iscanf function receives data from the session specified by id and converts the data according to the format string iscanf id format arg1 arg2 Chapter 2 13 Artisan Techno
20. SOURCE www artisantg com Note Note Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices Additionally since VME devices mapped in A16 address space are required to the use the lower 75 of A16 address space the A16 Window Map Register of the E1482 must be programmed To program this register you must edit the usr sicl etc vxilu oride cf file on your LynxOS system to open an A16 address window for the device An entry to this file changes the value SICL writes to the A16 window map register of the E1482 The same is true for the A24 and A32 address space which may also require an entry in the oride cf file The oride cf file contains the logical address of the VXI MXI Bus Extender card the offset value and the value written to the register See the Register Description appendix of the E1482 user s manual for information on the value that should be placed in the oride cf file When using this appendix it is important to note that SICL normally has the CMODE bit clear The following is an example 1 OxcC 0x7800 Mapping VME Memory SICL defaults to byte word and longword supervisory access to simplify programming VXI systems However some VME cards use other modes of access which are not supported in SICL See the VME Specification for information on these access modes Use care when mixing VXI and VME devices You MUST know what VME address space and offset within that address space that VME devices use VME device
21. allows you to read or write a comma separated list of numbers only valid with sd and f conversion characters It is a comma followed by an integer The integer indicates the number of elements in the array argument The comma operator has the format of dd where dd is the number of elements to read or write The following example specifies a comma separated list to be sent to the session specified by id int list 5 101 102 103 104 105 printf ad 375da list Sends 101 102 103 104 105 16 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands Argument Modifier The meaning of the optional argument modifier h 1 w z and Z is dependent on the conversion character Argument Modifier h h Conversion Character Description Corresponding argument is a short integer Corresponding argument is a float for iprintf or a pointer to a float for iscanf Corresponding argument is a long integer Corresponding argument is a pointer to a block of long integers Corresponding argument is a double for iprintf or a pointer to a double for iscanf Corresponding argument is a pointer to a block of short integers Corresponding argument is pointer to a block of floats Corresponding argument is a pointer to a block of doubles Chapter 2 17 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation
22. are implemented for HP IB device sessions iwrite Causes all devices to untalk and unlisten It then sends this controller s talk address followed by unlisten and then the listen address of the corresponding device session Then it sends the data over the bus iread Causes all devices to untalk and unlisten It sends an unlisten then sends this controller s listen address followed by the talk address of the corresponding device session Then it reads the data from the bus ireadstb Performs a GPIB serial poll SPOLL itrigger Performs an addressed GPIB group execute trigger GET iclear Performs a GPIB selected device clear SDC on the device corresponding to this session HP IB Device There are no device specific interrupts for the HP IB interface Session Interrupts Chapter 3 41 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com HP IB Device Sessions and Service Requests Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Devices HP IB device sessions support Service Requests SRQ On the HP IB interface when one device issues an SRQ the library will inform all HP IB device sessions that have SRQ handlers installed See ionsrgq in the HP SICL Reference Manual This is an artifact of how HP IB handles the SRQ line The interface cannot distinguish which device requested service Therefore the library acts as if all devices require service Your SRQ handler c
23. artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Creating a Communications Session with HP IB Creating a Communications Session with HP IB Once you have determined that your HP IB system is set up and operating correctly you may want to start programming with the SICL functions First you must determine what type of communication session you need The three types of communications sessions are device interface and commander Chapter 3 39 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Devices Communicating with HP IB Devices The device session allows you direct access to a device without worrying about the type of interface to which it is connected The specifics of the interface are hidden from the user Addressing HP IB Devices To create a device session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit anda particular device s address in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are example HP IB addresses for device sessions hpib 7 A device address corresponding to the device at primary address 7 and symbolic name hpib hpib 3 2 A device address corresponding to the device at primary address 3 secondary address 2 and symbolic name hpib hpib 9 0 A device address corresponding to the device
24. can result in deadlock or long waits by others who want to use the resource The recommended way to use locking is per transaction Per transaction means that you lock before you set up the device then unlock after all the desired data has been acquired When sharing a device you cannot assume the state of the device so the beginning of each transaction should have any setup needed to configure the device or devices to be used 34 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Locks Locking Example The following example located in usr sicl examples shows how device locking can be used to grant exclusive access to a device by an application This example uses an HP 34401 Multimeter locking c This example shows how device locking can be used to grant exclusive access to a device include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm char strres 20 Print message and terminate on error ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT Open the multimeter session dvm iopen hpib 16 itimeout dvm 10000 Lock the multimeter device to prevent access from other applications ilock dvm Take a measurement iwrite dvm MEAS VOLT DC n 14 1 NULL Read the results iread dvm strres 20 NULL NULL Release the multimeter device for use by others iunlock dvm
25. kernel usr sicl bin siclconf To use the new kernel reboot the Lynx system using the following command etc reboot aN Additional information is located in the README file usr sicl lib README Appendix C 117 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Configuring HP SICL Editing the Hardware Configuration File Editing the Hardware Configuration File The hardware configuration file hwconfig cf contains the configuration details for SICL interfaces and is used by the siclconf utility for rebuilding the kernel To Edit the hwconfig cf File This configuration involves editing the hwconfig cf file to specify your I O interfaces building the kernel and rebooting the system 1 Log in as root on the system to be configured 2 Edit the usr sicl etc hwconfig cf file to reflect the I O hardware you want to use You need to have one entry for each I O interface in the system The default hwconfig cf file is located in the usr sicl defaults directory You must ensure that all addresses and interrupt lines IRQs are unique and do not conflict with an address or IRQ line used by any other card in the system 3 Run the SICL configuration utility by entering the following command at the prompt usr sicl bin siclconf The siclconf utility will configure your system and rebuild the kernel 4 Once the SICL configuration utility finishes
26. memory space to the maximum addresses for that space The default limits will be set so that the upper and lower one eighth of A24 and A32 space will not be allocated The next argument contains the name of the program to use to print the VXI configuration This defaults to the ivxisc program The resource manager first accesses the configuration files as directed by the argument above It then determines resource and capability information from the VXI devices in the mainframe or multi mainframe hierarchy The resource manager then determines the proper configuration according to the rules defined by the configuration files and the standard VXI configuration methods It then sends appropriate commands to the VXI devices The configuration is optionally printed Finally the configuration information is stored in the rsrcmgr out file for use by other programs The rsremgr out file contains binary data not ASCII text In the case of multiframe extended VXI systems using VXI MXI bus extenders the resource manager will set up logical address windows A16 A24 A32 windows and interrupt routing registers prior to establishing the commander servant hierarchy and initiating normal operation The VXI configuration files specify the site dependent configuration rule changes See The VXI Configuration Files earlier in this appendix for a description of the file contents ivxirm is normally run automatically from the iproc daemon It cannot be ru
27. not be the effect you desire For example lintroff ionintr vxi trigger_handler isetintr vxi I_INTR_TRIG I_TRIG_TTLO I_TRIG_TTL7 ivxitrigon vxi I_TRIG_TTLO while done iwaithdlr 0 iintron Protecting I O Calls Against Interrupts In SICL I O calls like tread and iprintf are interrupted when the process receives a signal If your process is not expecting to receive signals such I O side effects will probably be masked by system behavior such as the reaction to unexpected signals death of your process If you are expecting signals you may not want them to abort SICL I O operations This can be solved by blocking or ignoring any expected signals while doing T O activity After I O is complete the original signal action can be restored The choice to block or ignore depends on the need of your application Ignored signals are not queued blocked signals have a one deep queue and are acted on as soon as the block is removed Chapter 2 27 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Asynchronous Events The following programming segment shows signal blocking SIGALARM and SIGINT are blocked during an iscanf call temporarily block 2 signals old_mask sigblock sigmask SIGINT sigmask SIGALRM call protected I O function iscanf id Sf amp mydata restore original signal mask sigsetmas
28. number of the VXI interface i Ignore static configuration files The static configuration files contain a set of rules for the resource manager to use during configuration With this option the resource manager ignores the static configuration files and follows only the standard VXI configuration rules p Print the results of the configuration using the ivxisc program e Delay n seconds before starting To support the VXI Standard set the delay to five seconds to allow instruments to complete their self test If you do not set this option the default value is no delay v Print a verbose output of the resource manager s actions This is useful for debugging the mainframe configuration D The next argument specifies the directory that contains the ivxisc program This defaults to usr sicl bin on your system I The next argument contains the name of the VXI interface that the resource manager will use to access the VXI bus This argument is provided mainly for controllers which can connect to multiple separate VXI systems through multiple VXI or MXI interfaces This defaults to vxi Appendix B 109 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Example Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities Send all messages to a file named rsrcmgr err in the directory for static and operating configuration files Set the limits for allocation of A24 and A32
29. operating correctly See Appendix B Customizing Your VXI System later in this manual for configuration information To begin programming your VXI system you must determine what type of communication session you need The two supported VXI communication sessions are as follows Device The device session allows you direct access to a device Session without worrying about the type of interface to which it is connected Interface An interface session allows direct low level control of Session the specified interface This gives you full control of the activities on a given interface such as VXI Device sessions are the recommended method for communicating while using SICL They provide the highest level of programming best overall performance and best portability Note Commander Sessions are not supported with VXI interfaces Chapter 4 57 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices Communicating with VXI Devices If you are going to use SICL functions to communicate directly with VXI devices you must first be aware of the two different types of VXI devices Message Based Message based devices have their own processors which allow them to interpret the high level SCPI Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments commands While using SICL you simply place the SCPI command within your SICL output
30. system configuration The following is an example address for VXI interface sessions vxi An interface symbolic name The above example uses the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are VXI MXI mxi etc The following example opens a interface session with the VXI interface INST vxi vxi iopen vxi Chapter 4 67 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Interfaces VXI Interface Session Example The following example program located in usr sicl examples opens a communication session with the VXI interface and uses the SICL interface specific ivxirminfo function to get information about a specific VXI device This information comes from the VXI resource manager and is only valid as of the last time the VXI resource manager was run vxiintr c The following example gets information about a specific vxi device and prints it out include lt stdio h gt include lt sicl h gt void main int laddr struct vxiinfo info INST id get instrument logical address printf Pleas nter th
31. the memory space Mapping Memory Space for Register Based Devices When using SICL to communicate directly to the device s registers you must map a memory space into your process space This can be done by using the SICL imap function imap id map_space pagestart pagecnt suggested This function maps space for the interface or device specified by the id parameter pagestart pagecnt and suggested are used to indicate the page number how many pages and a suggested starting location respectively Chapter 4 63 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices map_space determines which memory location to map the space The following are valid map_space choices I_MAP_A16 Maps in VXI A16 address space device or interface sessions 64K byte pages I_MAP_A24 Maps in VXI A24 address space device or interface sessions 64K byte pages T_MAP_A32 Maps in VXI A32 address space device or interface sessions 64K byte pages I_MAP_VXIDEV_ Maps in VXI device registers device session only 64 bytes I_MAP_EXTEND Maps in VXI device extended memory address space in A24 or A32 address space device sessions only I_MAP_SHARED Maps in VXI A24 A32 memory that is physically located on the computer Sometimes called local shared memory interface sessions only The following are example imap
32. 0 0 I MXI gt VXI O VXI gt MXI Not Routed 80 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with VXI Using HP SICL Trigger Lines Routing External Trigger Lines on the E1482 VXI MXI Extender Bus Card In order to use the external trigger ports on the HP E1482 VXI MXI Bus Extender card you must route the external trigger lines to the TTL trigger lines This can be done by using the oride cf configuration file This file contains values to be written to logical address space for register based instruments This data is written to the address space after the VXI resource manager runs but before the system s resources are released See Appendix B Customizing Your VXI System for information on editing this file The following illustrates an entry in the oride cf configuration file to route Trig Into TTL TRG I and Trig Out to TTL TRG 0 1 2E0x0302 Where 1 is the logical address of the VXI MXI Bus Extender card 2E is the offset value that corresponds to the MXIbus Trigger Configuration Register 0x0302 is the value written to the register that will route Trig Into TTL trig l and Trig Out to TTL trig 0 Bits 15 8 Bits 7 0 00000011 0000001 0 Bits 15 8 enable the corresponding VXIbus TTL trigger lines TTL TRG 7 0 respectively And in the above table TTL trigger lines 0 and 1 are enabled Bits 7 0 determ
33. 001 char buf 80 Print message and terminate on error ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT Open the multimeter session dvm iopen hpib 16 itimeout dvm 10000 Initialize dvm iprintf dvm RST n Set up multimeter and send comma separated list iprintf dvm CALC DBM REF 50 n iprintf dvm MEAS VOLT AC 21f n list Read the results iscanf dvm lf n amp res Print the results printf Result is f n res Close the multimeter session iclose dvm 20 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Format String Formatted I O Buffers Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands The format string for iprint f puts a special meaning on the newline character n The newline character in the format string flushes the output buffer All characters in the output buffer will be written with an END indicator included with the last byte the newline character This means that you can control at what point you want the data written If no newline character is included in the format string for an iprintf call then the converted characters are stored in the output buffer It will require another call to iprintf or a call to iflush to have those characters written iflush only sends the data queued in the buffer and not the END indicator as in iprintf Note that newline characters output fro
34. 8 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces void print_data void void cleanup void void srq_hdlr INST id global data float pre 10 INST scope INST intf void main ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT scope iopen SCOPE_ADDR intf iopen INTF_ADDR initialize get_data massage_data print_data cleanup iclose scope iclose intf void initialize initialize the hpib interface and scope iclear intf itimeout scope 5000 itimeout intf 5000 iclear scope igpibllo intf void get_data short readings 5000 int count setup scope to accept waveform data iprintf scope RST n iprintf scope AUTOSCALE n setup up the waveform source iprintf scope WAVEFORM FORMAT WORD n input waveform preamble to controller iprintf scope DIGITIZE CHANNEL1 n iprintf scope WAVEFORM PREAMBLE n 48 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces iscanf scope 10f pre command scope to send data iprintf scope WAVEFORM DATA n enter the data count 5000 iscanf scope S wb n amp count readings printf received d words n count void mass
35. 8 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Resource Manager ivxirm The VXI Resource Manager ivxirm The ivxirm utility is the resource manager which initializes and configures the VXI mainframe resources The resource manager reads the VXI configuration files and polls the VXI devices to determine their resources and capabilities The commander servant hierarchy is set up and the appropriate commands are sent to the VXI devices The information is then stored in the following directory on your system usr sicl etc vxilu rsrcemgr out where lu is the logical unit of the VXI interface The resource manager also optionally prints this information to the standard output You can run this utility from the command line or it generally runs at mainframe initialization if specified in the iproc cf configuration file default is to run when the system boots Additionally there is another utility that can be used to review the system resources The ivxisc utility reads the rsrcmgr out file and prints a human readable display of the current configuration See the ivxirm and ivxisc utilities later in this appendix for a description on using these utilities If you manually re run the resource manager and get a GENERIC I O error you need to terminate the iproc daemon and execute the following command usr sicl bin iclear vxi Generally there is no need to manually run the resource manager A
36. CE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities ivxisc Output example VXI Current Configuration VXI Bus 0 Device Logical Addresses 0 2 24 56 Slots 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Empty oO 0 0 0 0 O oO 0 0 O Single Device X X X ultiple Devices VME Failed VXI Device Table Name LADD Slot Bus Manufacturer odel dev1 0 0 0 Hewlett Packard E623x Pentium VXI Controller w Slot 0 relaymux 2 0 Hewlett Packard E1345 16 ch 3W relay mux dev2 24 8 0 Hewlett Packard E1413A B C 64 ch 100 Khz Scanning A D dev3 56 6 0 Hewlett Packard E1415A 64 ch Closed Loop Controller 2 slot number unknown VME Device Table Name Bus Slot Space Size No VME cards configured Failed Devices Name Bus Slot Manufacturer Model No FAILED devices detected 112 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities ivxisc Output example cont Protocol Support Msg Based Devices Name CMDR SIG MSTR INT FHS SMP RG EG ERR PI PH TRG I4 I LW EILW 1 3 dev1 X X X X X X X Commander Servant Hierarchy dev1 relaymux dev2 dev3 Memory Map A24 Device Name 0x400000 Ox7fffff dev1 0x200000 Ox23ffff dev2 0x240000 Ox27ffff dev3 A32 Device Name No devices mapped into A32 space Interrupt Request Lines Handler Interr
37. Chapter 4 Using HP SICL with VXI for an example of using this file The ttltrig cf Configuration File The ttltrig cf file contains the mapping of VXI devices to TTL trigger lines for extended VXI MXI systems If you have an extended VXI MXI system and you want your TTL trigger lines to be recognized you must map the TTL trigger line to the source logical address in this file This file can only be used for extended VXI MXI systems See Routing VXI TTL Trigger Lines in a VXI System in Chapter 4 Using HP SICL with VXI for an example of using this file Appendix B 103 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System The iproc Utility Initialization and SYSRESET The iproc Utility Initialization and SYSRESET SICL installs a program called iproc This program uses the iproc cf file to determine how your system is initialized The iproc cf file determines when the ivxirm program runs and with what options Additionally the iproc cf file specifies what action is taken when your VXI system encounters a SYSRESET If you have a VXI backplane the iproc program is run at system boot time This program becomes a daemon and monitors the VXI backplane for SYSRESET The iproc cf file tells iproc what to do if a SYSRESET occurs Usually you want the resource manager to run and configure your system since the SYSRESET has invalidated the configuration
38. Locks functions affected by 33 Logical address VXI 59 62 lu 119 M Manufacturer id VXI 100 Mapping memory 32 bit access 64 Register based devices 63 VME devices 71 73 Masking signals 27 Memory space unmapping 65 72 Message Based devices 58 59 Programming example 61 SICL functions 76 Model number VXI 101 Multi user environment locking 34 MXI triggering 103 N names cf file 102 Newline character 21 nonformatio c example 24 Non formatted I O 23 Example 23 Notification of interrupts 25 O Opening a session 9 oride cf file 103 Example 81 P Pass Control 42 45 Precision 16 Index 5 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Primary address 40 59 62 Programming to Registers 63 R Register Based devices 58 62 oride cf file 103 Programming 62 63 65 Mapping memory space 63 Reading from 72 Writing to 72 Programming example 65 SICL functions 76 Resource Manager 98 99 109 Routing external trigger lines 81 Routing TTL trigger lines 79 S Secondary address 40 VXI not supported 63 Service request HP IB device sessions 42 HP IB interface sessions 45 Sessions Addressing HP IB commanders 51 Addressing HP IB devices 40 Addressing HP IB interfaces 44 Addressing VXI interfaces 67 Addressing VXI message based devices 59 Addressing VXI register based devices 62 Commander 12 Dev
39. ME Devices to be using I_INTR_VME_IRQ1 and the controller to be the handler for the VME IRQI vmedev c This example program opens a VXI interface session and sets up an interrupt handler When the specified interrupt occurs the procedure defined in the interrupt handler is called You must edit this program to specify starting address and register offset for your specific VME device include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt sicl h gt define ADDR vxi void handler INST id long reason long secval printf Got the interrupt n void main unsigned short reg volatile char base_addr INST id install error handler ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT open an interface communications session id iopen ADDR itimeout id 10000 install interrupt handler ionintr id handler isetintr id I_INTR_VME_IRQ1 1 map into user memory space base_addr imap id I_MAP_A24 0x40 1 NULL read a register reg iwpeek unsigned short base_addr 0x00 print results printf The registers contents were as follows 0x 4X n 74 veg Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices turn interrupt notification off so that interrupts are not recognized before the iwaith
40. Message Based Devices ci icciiesciedetvectdsalattvaseleedslshesidedcasiadenees 59 Addressing VXI Message Based Devices s on 59 Message Based Device Session Example 61 Register Based DeVices ccceessessecesecsecesseceseeeeeceeseneesseceaeeseeeeaaes 62 Addressing VXI Register Based Devices cceeceeseeeeeeereeees 62 Programming Directly to the Registers 63 Register Based Programming Example s 65 Contents 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Communicating with VXI Interfaces eeeeecesseeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeeaees 67 Addressing VXI Interface Sessions eeeceesceseeeeeeeeseeeaeceaeeeaeees 67 VXI Interface Session Example 0 ce ceeceeceseeseeeeseesseeeeseenaeeeneens 68 Communicating with VME Devices c cee eesecsseceseceneeeseeeeeeeseeeeneeaaes 69 Declarin RESOUICES w cciitcitisevesecsssanteesiviseeiieiacsoussistnaeveaietanecieinieesits 70 E1482 VXI MXI Resources eee eeeeseecsseeseeceseceeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeaeees 70 Mapping VME Memory ccccccessesssecceneeceeeeeeeeeessaeeeaeeseaeceeaeeeneees 71 Supported Access Modes esessesesseseceeceeceaeeseceseeeseeseneeaaes 72 Reading and Writing to the Device Registers cc ceeceeseeeeeeeeees 72 Unmapping Memory Space ceseescesscseessceeeeecsseeeseceaeceseeseesseeeaaes 72 MME TNterrupts is dcscvsssscceceedecdetscuscosntectsnrsedivossntcdesseecansdandseessdacnuseeasdes
41. OURCE www artisantg com Contents 1 Introduction HP SICL Overview cccccccsssssssevccccsccccecccsscssescoseceescesscssesceccsccseeseeesess 3 HP SICL Features c ccc ccccccccccccccccssssssssscscesssceseesssssescesesesseeeeseenss 3 FP SICE OSGi iisist cosets sdstees cdewate dsvceuduwheswhdiasucsdaseasRicddeeeuedbccssdeevestusecsns 3 2 Using HP SICL Compiling and Linking HP SICL Programs eee eseesseesseeeeeceneeeeeeees 7 Including the sicl h Header File eee ee eseeeeeseecseeenaeceaeceaeceseeseeenes 8 Opening a Communications Session eeeeseeescesseceneeeeceeeeneceseeeseesees 9 DEVICE SESSIONS 33 scene sviecstvoeeveiveresieastevdecisendinr tn enietrilenernaareess 10 Addressing Device SeSSiONS cscecesseceseesteceseeeeeeeseeeneeseneenaes 10 Interface Sessi nS esros e ceded eens 11 Addressing Interface SeSsions ccecescceseeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeaeeenees 11 COMMANAEL SESSIONS si svicsensiavesssceveheidees des isinen ei E a e EEEa 12 Addressing Commander Sessions cesceeeeeeseeeeeeeneeeeeeeeenees 12 Sending VO Commands soccer eiria eiiie ikii E ie 13 Formatted VO nesrece neinna ae eea EE nde 13 Formatted I O Conversion esesessssssesseesessressessessessrsssescssesssesees 14 Formatted T O Exampl sacanear ee 19 Format Stn sccsciciteeis cssendeacdedetesausistnveesviscsrtsoieemeiatennassionaencees 21 Pormatted T O Butter insciis ii 21 Overview of Formatted I O Routines
42. age_data float vdiv float off float sdiv float delay char id_str 50 vdiv 32 pre 7 off 128 pre 9 pre 7 pre 8 sdiv pre 2 pre 4 10 delay pre 2 2 pre 6 pre 4 pre 5 retrieve the scope s ID string ipromptf scope IDN n s id_str print the statistics about the data printf nOscilloscope ID s n id_str printf Current settings Aes printf Volts Div f V n vdiv printf Offset f V n off printf S Div f S n sdiv printf Delay f S n delay void print_data unsigned char status char cmd 5 set up our SRQ handler to be called when the scop finishes printing iintroff ionsrq scope srq hdlir tell the scope to SRQ on operation complete iprintf scope SRE 32 ESE 1 n Chapter 3 49 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces tell the scope to print iprintf scope print OPC n tell scope to talk and printer to listen The listen command is formed by adding 32 to the device address of the device to be a listener The talk command is formed by adding 64 to the device address of the device to be a talker emd 0 63 63 is unlisten cmd 1 32 1 printer is at address 1 make it a
43. an retrieve the device s status byte by using the ireadstb function It is good practice to ensure that a device isn t requesting service before leaving the SRQ handler The easiest technique for this is to service all devices from one handler The data transfer functions work only when the HP IB interface is the Active Controller Passing control to another HP IB device causes the interface to lose active control HP IB Device Session Example The following example located in usr sicl examples illustrates communicating with an HP IB device session This example opens two HP IB communications sessions with VXI devices through a VXI Command Module Then a scan list is sent to a switch and measurements are taken by the multimeter every time a switch is closed hpibdev c This example program sends a scan list to a switch and while looping closes channels and takes measurements include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm INST sw double res int i Print message and terminate on error ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT 42 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Devices Open the multimeter and switch sessions dvm iopen hpib 9 3 sw iopen hpib 9 14 itimeout dvm 10000 itimeout sw 10000 Set up trigger iprintf s
44. anf The advantage of this function is that the iprintf and iscanf parts are done together Flushes the formatted I O read and write buffers A flush of the read buffer means that any data in the buffer is lost A flush of the write buffer means that any data in the buffer is written to the session s target address Sets the size of the formatted I O read and the write buffers A size of zero 0 means no buffering Note that if no buffering is used performance can be severely affected Sets the read or the write buffer to your allocated buffer The same buffer cannot be used for both reading and writing Also you should be careful in using buffers that are automatically allocated Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Non formatted 1 0 Example Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands Non Formatted I O There are two non buffered non formatted I O functions called i read and iwrite These are raw I O functions and do not interm1x with the formatted I O functions If raw I O must be mixed use the i fread and ifwrite functions They have the same parameters as iread and iwrite but read or write raw data to or from the formatted I O buffers The non formatted I O functions are described as follows E The iread function reads raw data from the device or interface specified by the id parameter and stores the results in the location where buf is pointing
45. ansfer SICL does not support overlapped DMA transfers which means the i blockcopy functions will not return until the end of the DMA transfer blockcopy c data This example demonstrates how to use i blockcopy to move The SICL blockcopy routines will attempt to use DMA if one of the locations is A24 or A32 address space If neither will be move in the normal fashion Usage blockcopy a amp lt symbolic_name gt Return Value none incl incl incl location is in A24 or A32 space the data lude lt stdio h gt Lude lt stdl lude lt sicl lib h gt h gt static void error_usage const char 82 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers main int argc char argv long o INST id static char a24_buf static char shr_buf unsigned long bufsize 1024 2 char addr NULL while o getopt argc argv a b i n EOF switch o case ars addr optarg break default error_usage argv 0 break if addr NULL error_usage argv 0 ionerror I_ERROR_NO_EXIT id iopen addr T NOTE Shared memory is not supported Use an array declared in the program or use malloc sy shr_buf malloc 0x80000 a24_buf imap id I_MAP_A24 0x20 0x8 0 printf Memory to A24 D16 n n iw
46. antg com WeBuyEquipment 7 EQUIPMENT DEMOS HUNDREDS OF InstraV ea REMOTE INSPECTION LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION MANUFACTURERS Remotely inspect equipment before purchasing with Visit us on the web at www artisantg com 7 for more our interactive website at www instraview com information on price quotations drivers technical LEASING MONTHLY specifications manuals and documentation RENTALS ITAR CERTIFIED D a gaa tia Contact us 888 88 SOURCE sales artisantg com www artisantg com
47. at primary address 9 secondary address 0 and symbolic name hpib The above examples use the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are GPIB gpib HP1IB etc SICL supports both primary and secondary addressing on HP IB interfaces Remember that the primary address must be between 0 and 30 and that the secondary address must be between 0 and 30 The primary and secondary addresses correspond to the HP IB primary and secondary addresses 40 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Devices Note If you are using an HP IB Command Module to communicate with VXI devices the secondary address must be specified to select a specific instrument in the mainframe Secondary addresses of 0 1 2 31 correspond to VXI instruments at logical addresses of 0 8 16 248 respectively The following is an example of opening a device session with an HP IB device at bus address 16 INST dmm dmm iopen hpib 16 HP SICL Function Support with HP IB Device Sessions The following describes how some SICL functions
48. blockcopy id unsigned short shr_buf unsigned short a24_buf bufsize 0 Chapter 4 83 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers printf A24 to memory D16 n n iwblockcopy id unsigned short a24_ buf unsigned short shr_buf 1 0 i printf Memory to A24 D32 n n ilblockcopy id unsigned long shr_buf unsigned long a24_buf bufsize 0 i printf A24 to memory D32 n n ilblockcopy id unsigned long a24_buf unsigned long shr_buf bufsize 0 i static void error_usage const char progname printf Usage Error s amp lt options gt n progname printf t a amp lt addr gt tSICL address n exit 1 84 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using VXI Specific Interrupts Using VXI Specific Interrupts Note SICL only supports interrupts on VXI VME cards using Release on Acknowledgment ROAK VXI VME cards using Release on Register Access RORA are not supported See the isetintr function in the HP SICL Reference Manual for a list of VXI specific interrupts The following pseudo code describes the actions performed by SICL when a VME interrupt arrives and or a VXI signal register write occurs Chapter 4 85 Artisa
49. ce bus status information and displays it for the user hpibstatus c The following example retrieves and displays HPIB bus status information include lt stdio h gt include lt sicl h gt main INST id session id k int rem remote enable int srq service request int ndac not data accepted int sysctlr system controller int actcrls active controller int talker talker int listener listener a int addr bus address E exit process if SICL error detected ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT open HPIB interface session id iopen hpib itimeout id 10000 retrieve HPIB bus status igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_REM amp rem igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_SRQ amp srq igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_NDAC amp ndac igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_SYSCTLR sysctlr igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_ACTCTLR amp actctlr igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_TALKER amp talker igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_LISTENER amp listener igpibbusstatus id I_GPIB_BUS_ADDR amp addr 46 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Communicating with Devices via Interface Sessions Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces display bus status printf S 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s 5s n REM SRO NDC
50. cf file 101 Dynamically configured devices 101 E E1482 external trigger lines 81 E1489 trigger lines 78 Enable Error handler 30 Events 25 26 Interrupt events 25 Interrupt handler 25 SRQ handlers 25 END indicator 21 errhand c example 31 errhand2 c example 32 Error handlers 30 Creating your own 32 Example 31 Error routines 30 I_ERROR_EXIT 30 I_ERROR_NO_EXIT 30 Events Asynchronous 25 Disable 26 Enable 25 26 Interrupts 25 SRQs 25 Examples blockcopy c 82 errhand c 31 errhand2 c 32 formatio c 19 hpibdev c 42 hpibintr c 47 hpibstatus c 46 interrupts c 28 locking c 35 nonformatio c 24 vmedev c 74 vmeintr c 87 vxiintr c 68 vximesdev c 6l vxiregdev c 66 External trigger lines Routing 81 F Field width 15 Flushing buffers 21 Format flags 15 Format string 21 formatio c example 19 Formatted I O 13 Argument modifier 17 Array size 16 Buffers 21 Comma operator 16 Conversion 14 Example 19 Field width 15 Format flags 15 Format string 21 Precision 16 Routines 22 Functions HP IB specific 53 VXI specific 88 G GET in HP IB device sessions 41 GET in HP IB interface sessions 45 GPIB See HP IB H Handlers Error 30 Interrupts 25 SRQs 25 Wait for 26 Header files sicl h 8 HP SICL utilities 90 HP IB Addressing commander sessions 51 Addressing device sessions 40 Addressing interface sessions 44 Communicating wit
51. chantability and fitness for a particular purpose HP shall not be liable for any direct indirect special incidental or consequential damages whether based on contract tort or any other legal theory in connection with the furnishing of this document or the use of the information in this document Warranty Information A copy of the specific warranty terms applicable to your Hewlett Packard product and replacement parts can be obtained from your local Sales and Service Office Restricted Rights Legend The Software and Documentation have been developed entirely at private expense They are delivered and licensed as commercial computer software as defined in DFARS 252 227 7013 Oct 1988 DFARS 252 211 7015 May 1991 or DFARS 252 227 7014 Jun 1995 as a commercial item as defined in FAR 2 101 a or as Restricted computer software as defined in FAR 52 227 19 Jun 1987 or any equivalent agency regulation or contract clause whichever is applicable You have only those rights provided for such Software and Documentation by the applicable FAR or DFARS clause or the HP standard software agreement for the product involved Copyright 1995 1996 1997 Hewlett Packard Company All Rights Reserved This document contains information which is protected by copyright All rights are reserved Reproduction adaptation or translation without prior written permission is prohibited except as allowed under the copyright laws
52. described in detail in the sections that follow 106 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Description Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities iproc iproc is designed to run at system boot time from etc rc on your system It performs various SICL system initialization functions In addition it is configurable by the system administrator to execute programs at boot time or on certain asynchronous events such as VXI SYSRESET This configuration is done by editing the file iproc c which is read only when the iproc daemon begins execution It consists of lines beginning with keywords which determine the actions of the iproc program The iproc cf file is located in the following directory on your system usr sicl etc The format of the configuration lines is as follows keyword action or keyword interface name action Without a keyword in iproc cf that allows or requires iproc to continue execution such as sysreset or monitor iproc will halt execution and exit Appendix B 107 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities The functions of the keywords are described below boot This keyword will execute the action when the iproc daemon begins execution The normal time for iproc to run is when the system b
53. dlr function is called iintroff write to a register causing interrupt iwpoke unsigned short base_addr 0x00 reg wait for interrupt iwaithdlr 10000 turn interrupt notification on iintron unmap memory space iunmap id base_addr I_MAP_A24 0x40 1 close session iclose id Chapter 4 75 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Message Based Device Sessions Register Based Device Sessions Using HP SICL with VXI HP SICL Function Support with VXI HP SICL Function Support with VXI This section describes how SICL functions are implemented for VXI sessions Device Sessions The following describes how some SICL functions are implemented for VXI device sessions for message based devices iwrite Sends the data to the message based servant using the word serial write protocol and the Byte Available word serial command iread Reads the data from the message based servant using the word serial read protocol and the Byte Request word serial command ireadstb read status byte Performs a VXI ReadSTB word serial command itrigger Sends a word serial Trigger to the specified message based device iclear Sends a word serial Clear to the specified message based device ionsrg Can be used to catch SRQs from message based devices Because register based devices do not support the word seria
54. e you do not have to address a device to listen before sending data to it This insulation makes applications more robust and portable across interfaces and is recommended for most applications Device sessions are the recommended way of communicating using SICL They provide the highest level of programming best overall performance and best portability To create a device session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit and a particular device s address in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The logical unit is an integer corresponding to the interface The device address generally consists of the symbolic name or logical unit and an integer that corresponds to the device s address It may also include a secondary address which is also an integer Secondary addressing is not supported on the VXI interface The following are valid device addresses 7 23 Device at bus address 23 connected to an interface card at logical unit 7 7 23 1 Device at bus address 23 secondary address 1 connected to an interface card at logical unit 7 hpib 23 Device at bus address 23 and symbolic name hpib hpib2 23 1 Device at bus address 23 secondary address 1 connected to a second HP IB interface with symbolic name hpib2 vxi 128 Device at logical address 128 and symbolic name vxi 10 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Q
55. e interface The interface must support mapping such as VXI The map_space is the map area that you would like to write to Currently the only interface supported is VXI The valid map spaces are A16 A24 A32 VXIDEV EXTEND and SHARED See the imap function in the HP SICL Reference Manual for a description of these mappings The offset is the offset in bytes from the beginning of the mapped space to the location that is to be written The parameter definitions follow v Turns on verbose mode Prints the usage of the ipoke program b Specifies that the register size is a byte 8 bits w Specifies that the register size is a word 16 bits default 1 Specifies that the register size is a long 32 bits Example ipoke vxi A24 0x200000 1 0x0000 Appendix A 93 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities iread iread Syntax iread t timeout c count e end_char v sym_name Description iread is the SICL utility for reading data from devices The output of iread goes to stdout The read is terminated only when count number of bytes is read a timeout occurs a byte is read with the END indicator or the termination character end_char is read These conditions may occur in combination The sym_name is the SICL symbolic name or address of the device that was determined during the interface configuration Note that iread is only s
56. e logical address of the register based instrument for example 24 n scanf d amp laddr install error handler ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT open a vxi interface session id iopen vxi itimeout id 10000 read VXI resource manager information for specified devic ivxirminfo id laddr amp info print results printf Instrument at address d n laddr printf Manufacturer s Id s n Model info manuf_name info model_nam 3 s n e y close session iclose id 68 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com WARNING Note Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices Communicating with VME Devices Many people assume that since VXI is an extension of VME that VME should be easy to use in a VXI system Unfortunately this is not true Since the VXI standard defines specific functionality that is often not implemented or conflicts with design decisions made by VME card vendors some of the resources required to interface with VME cards may not be available Therefore there are certain limitations and requirements when using VME ina VXI system Note that VME is not an officially supported interface for SICL Physical damage may result by plugging some VME cards into a VXI mainframe Some VME devices make specific use of the P2 connector on the backplane This
57. eaeeeaeeeaeeeaaees 100 The vximanuf cf Configuration File 100 The vximodel cf Configuration File 101 The dynamic cf Configuration File cece eseeeseceeeeeneceeeeeeeeeees 101 The vmedev cf Configuration File 00 0 0 es eeeesecsseceeeeeteceeeeeneeeees 101 The irg cf Configuration File 0 0 eee eeeeseeseeeseeeneeenaeceaeceaeeeaeeees 102 The cmdrsrvt cf Configuration File 102 The names cf Configuration File cece eesessecereeseeeseceeeeeneeees 102 The oride cf Configuration File ee eeeesesseceseeeecesseceeeeeeeeees 103 The ttltrig cf Configuration File eee eeesseecseceeeceeceeeeeeeeees 103 The iproc Utility Initialization and SYSRESET ee eeeeeeenees 104 Viewing the VXIbus System Configuration ccc eeeeeeceseceeeeeeeees 105 VXI Configuration Utilities eeseceseceneceeeceseeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeenees 106 IPO o aen en E E EE si lasetidesacanivasedl ie N 107 IVRIT ariris r EAEE EAEAN s 109 TRIO E C e E E E E E E E E ts 111 C Configuring HP SICL Configuring HP SICL for VXI eeeereeeeresrreresrrsrrsrrsrreresrssresresrs 117 Editing the Hardware Configuration File wo ese eeseeseeceseceeeeeeeeees 118 To Edit the hwconfig cf File ce cccccccssseecssssecesesteeeeseeeeeenes 118 About the Hardware Configuration File 119 Glossary Index Contents 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Introduction Artisan Technology Group Quality Ins
58. ed from one mainframe to another The INTXbus does not allow multiple INT Xbus devices to drive the same TTL trigger line If you need TTL trigger lines in the extended VXI mainframes you need to edit the tt1ltrig cf configuration file to map the TTL trigger line to the source logical address See Appendix B Customizing Your VXI System for information on editing this file The following example illustrates an entry in the ttltrig cf file YHA OP WNEF CO ooo oo 0 0 0 OG Multiple trigger sources are still allowed on the same line within the same mainframe Chapter 4 79 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using HP SICL Trigger Lines Where the first column is the TTL trigger line and the second column is the logical address of the TTL trigger source Therefore in the example above all TTL trigger lines are sourced by the device at logical address 0 The following is an example of what you would see when the VXI resource manager runs VXI MXI TTL Trigger Routing Name 01234567 hpvximxi O000000 0 I MXI gt VXI O VXI gt MXI Not Routed Now the following illustrates TTL trigger line 1 being sourced by the device at logical address 129 in a second VXI mainframe ttltrig ctf file YUYAO BWNEF OO O O O OOOH O N O Resource manager output VXI MXI TTL Trigger Routing Name 01234567 hpvximxi 0O I 0 0 0 0
59. eter followed by a comma and the string cmdr in the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are example HP IB addresses for commander sessions hpib cmdr A commander session with the hpib symbolic name hpib2 cmdr A commander session with the hpib2 symbolic name 7 cmdr A commander session with the interface at logical unit 7 The above examples use the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are GPIB gpib HPIB etc The following example opens a commander session the HP IB interface INST hpib hpib iopen hpib cmdr Chapter 3 51 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Commanders HP SICL Function Support with HP IB Commander Sessions The following describes how some SICL functions are implemented for HP IB commander sessions iwrite iread isetstb If the interface has been addressed to talk the data is written directly to the interface If the interface has not been addressed to talk it will wait to be add
60. function call and the message based device interprets the SCPI command Register Based The register based device typically does not have a processor to interpret high level commands and therefore only accepts binary data Use one of the following methods to program register based instruments Register programming Do register peeks and pokes and program directly to the device s registers with the vxi interface HP Command Module Use a Command Module to interpret the high level SCPI commands The hpib interface is used with a Command Module C SCPI Use C SCPI to convert high level SCPI commands to register peeks and pokes Programming with message based and register based devices is discussed in further detail later in this section You can program a V XIbus system that is mixed with both message based and register based devices To do this open a communications session for each device in your system and program as shown in the following sections 58 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Addressing VXI Message Based Devices Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices Message Based Devices Message based devices have their own processors which allow them to interpret the high level SCPI commands While using SICL you simply place the SCPI command within your SICL output function call and the message based device interpre
61. function calls Map to the VXI device vm starting at pagenumber 0 for 1 page ae base_address imap vm I_MAP_VXIDEV 0 1 NULL Map to A32 address space 16 Mbytes ptr imap id I_MAP_A32 0x000 0x100 NULL Map to A24 space while using E1489 8 Mbytes ptr imap id I_MAP_A24 0x00 0x80 NULL Maps to a device s A24 or A32 extended memory ptr imap id I_MAP_EXTEND 0 1 0 Maps to a computer s A24 or A32 shared memory ptr imap id I_MAP_SHARED 0 1 0 64 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Register Based Programming Example Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices If a request is made that cannot be granted due to hardware constraints the process will hang until the desired resources become available To avoid this use the isetlockwait with the flag parameter set to 0 and thus generate an error instead of waiting for the resources to become available Reading and Writing to the Device Registers Once you have mapped the memory space use the SICL i peek and i poke functions to communicate with the register based instruments With these functions you need to know which register you want to communicate with and the register s offset See the instrument s user s manual for a description of the registers and register locations The follo
62. g table shows the relationship between SICL and Hewlett Packard controllers for the trigger lines and BNC connectors These values may be passed to the ivxitrig or isetintr function SICL HP VXI Controller _ TRIG_TTLO TTLTRGO TRIG_TTL1 TTLTRG1 TRIG_TTL2 TTLTRG2 _ TRIG_TTL3 TTLTRG3 TRIG_TTL4 TTLTRG4 TRIG_TTL5S TTLTRG5 TRIG_TTL6 TTLTRG6 TRIG_TTL7 TTLTRG7 _ TRIG_ECLO ECLTRGO _ TRIG_ECL1 ECLTRG1 _ TRIG_ECL2 INVALID _ TRIG_ECL3 INVALID TRIG_EXTO Trig IN TRIG_EXT1 Trig OUT TRIG_EXT2 INVALID _ TRIG_EXT3 INVALID _TRIG_CLKO INVALID _ TRIG_CLK1 INVALID _ TRIG_CLK2 INVALID _TRIG_CLK10 INVALID I TRIG_CLK100 INVALID 78 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using HP SICL Trigger Lines The itrigger function when used on a VXI interface session generates the same results as the ixtrig functions with the I_TRIG_STD value passed to it The I_TRIG_STD value when passed to the ixt rig function causes one or more VXI trigger lines to fire The trigger lines represented by I_TRIG_STD are determined by the ivxitrigroute function The I_TRIG_STD value has no default value Therefore if it is not defined before it is used no action will be taken Routing VXI TTL Trigger Lines in a VXI MXI System When you have multiple mainframes connected via the MXIbus the TTL trigger lines are not rout
63. h commanders 51 Index 3 Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Communicating with interfaces 44 Device session example 42 Device sessions 40 Interface session example 46 47 Primary address 40 Secondary address 40 SICL functions list of 53 Symbolic name 11 44 HP IB commander sessions Interrupts 52 iread 52 isetstb 52 iwrite 52 HP IB device sessions iclear 41 Interrupts 41 iread 41 ireadstb 41 itrigger 41 iwrite 41 Service requests 42 HP IB interface sessions iclear 45 Interrupts 45 iread 45 itrigger 45 iwrite 45 ixtrig 45 Service requests 45 hpibdev c example 42 hpibintr c example 47 hpibstatus c example 46 hwconfig cf file 118 119 ERR_NOLOCK 33 _ERROR_EXIT 30 _ERROR_NO_EXIT 30 iblockcopy DMA transfers 82 iclear HP IB device sessions 41 HP IB interface sessions 45 VXI device sessions 76 VXI interface sessions 77 HHH e Index 4 iclear utility 91 IEEE 488 See HP IB IFC in HP IB interface sessions 45 iflush 22 ifread 22 23 ifwrite 22 23 iintroff 26 iintron 26 ilock 33 imap 63 INST 9 Interface sessions 11 Addressing 11 HP IB addressing 44 HP IB communicating 44 HP IB example 46 47 VXI 57 VXI addressing 67 VXI communicating 67 VXI example 68 Interrupt handlers 25 Example 28 Interrupts HP IB commander sessions 52 HP IB device sessions 41 HP IB interface sessions 45 Signals 27 VXI
64. he control of the format string 14 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands Format Flags Zero or more flags may be used to modify the meaning of the conversion character The format flags are only used when sending formatted I O iprintf and ipromptf The following are supported format flags Format Flag Description 1 Converts to a IEEE 488 2 NR1 number 2 Converts to a IEEE 488 2 NR2 number 3 Converts to a IEEE 488 2 NR3 number H Converts to a IEEE 488 2 hexadecimal number eo Converts to a IEEE 488 2 octal number B Converts to a IEEE 488 2 binary number Prefixes number with sign or Left justifies result space Prefixes number with blank space if positive or with if negative Use alternate form For o conversion print a leading zero For x or x a nonzero will have 0x or 0X as a prefix For e E f g Or G the result will always have one digit on the right of the decimal point 0 Left causes left pad character to be a zero for all numeric conversion types The following example converts numb into a IEEE 488 2 floating point number NR2 and sends it to the session specified by id int numb 61 iprintf id 2d numb Sends 61 000000 Field Width Field width is an optional integer that specifies the minimum number of characters in the field If the formatted da
65. ice 10 HP IB 39 HP IB device 40 Interface 11 Opening 9 Types of 9 VXI 57 VXI device 57 VXI interface 57 SICL Configuration 117 Features 3 Index 6 Overview 3 User 3 sicl h header file 8 siclconf utility 73 117 Signals blocking ignoring 27 SRQ handlers 25 SRQ See Service request Symbolic name 10 Configuration file 102 HP IB interface 11 44 VXI interface 59 67 VXI MXI interface 62 symname 119 T Trigger lines E1489 78 VXI 78 TTL trigger lines Routing 79 ttltrig cf file 103 ttltrig cf file 103 Example 79 U Unmapping memory space 65 72 Utilities iclear 91 ipeek 92 ipoke 93 iproc 104 107 iread 94 ivxirm 99 109 ivxisc 105 111 iwrite 95 siclconf 73 117 VXI configuration 106 vV VME Communicating with devices 69 VME devices 70 101 Example 73 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Mapping memory 71 73 VME interrupts example 87 vmedev c example 74 vmedev cf file 101 vmeintr c example 87 VXI Addressing interface sessions 67 Addressing message based device sessions 59 Addressing register based device sessions 62 Commander Servant hierarchy 102 Communication sessions 57 Configuration 98 99 Configuration files 100 103 Configuration Utilities 106 Device sessions 57 Dynamically configured devices 101 Interface sessions 57 Interrupts 85 IRQ lines 102 Manufact
66. ine the direction in which the corresponding TTL trigger lines are mapped to the front panel SMB connectors If both bits are set then the corresponding trigger line is driven by trig in If the TTL trigger line is enabled TTL TRG 15 8 and the corresponding bit bits 7 0 is not set then the corresponding trigger line is driven by trig out See the HP E1482 VXI MXI Bus Extender User s Manual for more information about writing to the MXIbus Trigger Configuration Register Once you route the external trigger lines to use the TTL trigger lines you must also edit your program to trigger from the TTL trigger lines instead of the external trigger lines Chapter 4 81 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with VXI Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers The VXI Controller has the capability for block copy DMA transfers This can be done using the SICL i blockcopy functions Use the following process to access DMA transfers 1 Use the SICL imap function to map the desired VXIbus address Note that I_MAP_SHARED is not supported for DMA transfers 2 Use the SICL itimeout function to set up a timeout value 3 Use the SICL i blockcopy function to initiate the DMA transfer Note that the swap parameter is ignored The following example located in usr sicl examples illustrates using i blockcopy for a DMA tr
67. ink in the appropriate library The following example creates the executable file for the program called idn gcc mthreads idn c o idn lsicl E The o option creates an executable file called idn E The 1sicl option links in the SICL library libsicl a E The mthreads option allows for multi threaded execution SICL requires the mthreads option Chapter 2 7 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Including the sicl h Header File Including the sicl h Header File You must include the sicl h header file at the beginning of every file that contains SICL calls This header file contains the SICL function prototypes and the definitions for all SICL constants and error codes include lt sicl h gt 8 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Opening a Communications Session Opening a Communications Session A communications session is a channel of communication with a particular device interface or commander E A device session is used to communicate with a specific device connected to an interface A device is a unit that receives commands from a controller Typically a device is an instrument but could be a computer a plotter or a printer E An interface session is used to communicate with a specified interface Interface sessions allow you to use i
68. interface on this controller If there is more than one interface on the controller each interface must have a unique symbolic name The symbolic name is specified during the system configuration 124 Glossary Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com thread An operating system object that consists of a flow of control within a process A single process may have multiple threads that each have access to the same data space within the process However each thread has its own stack and all threads may execute concurrently with each other either on multiple processors or by time sharing a single processor Glossary 125 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com 126 Glossary Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Index Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com A Active Controller 42 45 51 Address cmdr 51 HP IB interface symbolic name 11 44 Primary 40 Secondary 40 Symbolic name HP IB 11 44 HP IB interface 10 VXI 67 VXI interface symbolic name 67 Addressing Commander sessions 12 Device sessions 10 HP IB commander sessions 51 HP IB device sessions 40 HP IB interface sessions 44 Interface sessions 11 VXI interface sessions 67 VXI message based device
69. iread id buf bufsize reason actualcnt E The iwrite function sends the data pointed to by buf to the interface or device specified by the id parameter iwrite id buf datalen end actualcnt See the HP SICL Reference Manual for more information on these functions The following example located in usr sicl examples illustrates using non formatted I O to communicate with a Multimeter over the HP IB interface The SICL non formatted I O functions iwrite and iread are used for the communication A similar example is used to illustrate formatted I O later in this chapter Chapter 2 23 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands nonformatio c This example program measures AC voltage on a multimeter and prints out the results include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm char strres 20 Print message and terminate on error ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT Open the multimeter session dvm iopen hpib 16 itimeout dvm 10000 Initialize dvm iwrite dvm RST n 5 1 NULL Set up multimeter and take measurement iwrite dvm CALC DBM REF 50 n 16 1 NULL iwrite dvm MEAS VOLT AC 1 0 001 n 23 1 NULL Read measurements iread dvm strres 20 NULL NULL Print the results printf Result is s n strres
70. iring A16 address space the device s address space should be defined in the lower 75 of A16 address space addresses below OxC000 This is necessary because the upper 25 of A16 address space is reserved for VXI devices For VME devices using A24 or A32 address space use A24 or A32 address ranges just higher than those used by your VXI devices In a multiple mainframe system use address ranges for the VME devices in each mainframe that are just higher than those used by the VXI devices in the same mainframe To determine what A24 or A32 address ranges are used by your VXI devices run the Resource Manager ivxirm without the VME devices installed This is done automatically when the mainframe is powered on Then edit the vmedev cf file to specify the appropriate address range This will prevent the Resource Manager ivxirm from assigning the address range used by the VME device to any VXI device The A24 and A32 address range is software programmable for VXI devices Power down the mainframe add the VME devices to it and then power on the mainframe again When a VME device is accessed via an E1482 VXI MXI Extender Bus you must declare the bus for a given VME device The bus is declared as described in the previous section in the vmedev cf file For devices in a VXI MXI system use the logical address of the E1482 in the mainframe as the bus 70 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88
71. k old_mask Interrupt Handler Example The following is an ANSI C example located in usr sicl examples that installs an interrupt handler and enables the interrupts on the VXI TTL trigger lines When the TTL trigger line is asserted the installed interrupt handler is called interrupts c This is an example of the interrupt handling in SICL This program installs an interrupt handler and enables th interrupts on trigger and waits for the interrupt include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt int intr 0 void trigger_handler INST id long reason long secval indicate that the interrupt happened intr 1 end of trigger_handler main INST id start child process to fire trigger line if fork 0 child ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT id iopen vxi iintroff 28 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Asynchronous Events set the interrupt handler ionintr id trigger_handler what interrupts to handle interrupt on ttl 0 or 7 firing a isetintr id I_INTR_TRIG I_TRIG_TTLO I_TRIG_TTL7 Wait for interrupt to happen 30 second timeout iwaithdlr 30000 if intr 1 printf Interrupt handler called n else printf ERROR Interrupt handler not called n iclose id child INST id Let
72. l protocol and other features of message based devices the following SICL functions are not supported with register based device sessions E Non formatted I O iread iwrite itermchr 76 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com E Formatted I O iprintf iscanf ipromptf ifread ifwrite iflush isetbuf isetubuf E Device Interface Control iclear ireadstb ise tstb itrigger E Service Requests ige tonsrg ionsrq E Timeout S ige itimeout E VXI Specific ivxiws Using HP SICL with VXI HP SICL Function Support with VXI ttimeout All other functions will work with all VXI devices message based register based etc Use the i peek and i poke functions to communicate with register based devices Interface Sessions The following describes how some SICL functions are implemented for VXI interface ses iwrite and iread iclear Chapter 4 sions Not supported for VXI interface sessions and return the I _ERR_NOTSUPP error Causes the VXI interface to perform a SYSREST on interface sessions Note that this will cause all VXI devices to reset and automatically reruns the Resource Manager 77 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using HP SICL Trigger Lines Using HP SICL Trigger Lines The followin
73. listener cmd 2 64 7 scope is at address 7 make it a talker EJ cmd 3 7 07 terminate the string igpibsendemd intf cmd 4 now the ATN line must be set to FALSE igpibatnctl intf 0 wait for SRQ before continuing program status 0 while status 0 iwaithdlr 120000L make sure it was the scope requesting service ireadstb scope amp status status amp 64 clear the status byte so the scope can assert SRQ again if needed iprintf scope CLS n iintron void cleanup give local control back to the scope ilocal scope void srq hdlr INST id this handler does nothing we will use iwaithdlr in the code above to determine when the handler gets called 50 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Commanders Communicating with HP IB Commanders Commander sessions are intended for use on HP IB interfaces that are not active controller In this mode a computer that is not the controller is acting like a device on the HP IB bus In a commander session the data transfer routines work only when the HP IB interface is not active controller Addressing HP IB Commanders To create a commander session on your HP IB interface specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit in the addr param
74. logy Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Formatted I O Conversion Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands E The iprompt f function formats data according to the writefmt string and sends data to the session specified by id and then immediately receives the data and converts it according to the readfmt string iprompt f id writefmt readfmt arg1 arg2 See the HP SICL Reference Manual for more information on these functions The formatted I O functions are buffered There are two non buffered and non formatted I O functions called iread and iwrite See the Non formatted I O section later in this chapter These are raw I O functions and do not intermix with the formatted I O functions If raw I O must be mixed use the ifread ifwrite functions They have the same parameters as iread and iwrite but read or write raw data to or from the formatted I O buffers Refer to the Formatted I O Buffers section later in this chapter for more details The formatted I O functions convert data under the control of the format string The format string specifies how each argument is converted before it is input or output The typical format string syntax is as follows format flags field width precision array size argument modifier conversion character See iprintf ipromptf and iscanf in the HP SICL Reference Manual for more information on how data is converted under t
75. lso be a computer acting in a non controller role or another peripheral such as a printer or plotter device driver A segment of software code that communicates with a device It may either communicate directly with a device by reading and writing registers or it may communicate through an interface driver 122 Glossary Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com device session A session that communicates as a controller specifically with a single device such as an instrument handler A software routine used to respond to an asynchronous event such as an error or an interrupt instrument A device that accepts commands and performs a test or measurement function interface A connection and communication media between devices and controllers including mechanical electrical and protocol connections interface driver A software segment that communicates with an interface It also handles commands used to perform communications on an interface interface session A session that communicates and controls parameters affecting an entire interface interrupts Asynchronous events requiring attention out of the normal flow of control of a program lock A state that prohibits other users from accessing a resource such as a device or interface logical unit A logical unit is a number associated an interface A logical unit in SICL uniquely identifies an interface
76. m an output parameter do not cause a flush only newlines in the format string do This can be very useful in queuing up data to send to a device It can also raise I O performance by doing a few large writes instead of several smaller writes This behavior can be changed by the isetbuf and isetubuf functions See the next section Formatted I O Buffers The format string for iscanf ignores most white space characters Newlines n and carriage returns r however are treated just like normal characters in the format string which must match the next non white space character read The SICL software maintains both a read and write buffer for formatted I O operations Occasionally you may want to control the actions of these buffers The write buffer is maintained by the iprintf and the write portion of the ipromptf functions It queues characters to send so that they are sent in large blocks thus increasing performance The write buffer automatically flushes when it sends a newline character from the format string see the st conversion character to change this feature It also flushes immediately after the write portion of the ipromptf function It may occasionally be flushed at other non deterministic times such as when the buffer fills When the write buffer flushes it sends its contents The read buffer is maintained by the iscanf and the read portion of the ipromptf functions It queues the data received until it is needed by
77. may conflict with the VXI definitions of these pins and may cause physical damage to the VME card or VXI mainframe Verify that your VME card is compatible with the VXI mainframe before inserting the card Use the following process when using VME devices in a VXI mainframe E Declaring Resources E Mapping VME Memory E Reading and Writing to Device Registers E Unmapping Memory These steps are not normally used with VXI devices Each of the above items are described in further detail in the following subsections An example program is also provided Chapter 4 69 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com E1482 VXI MX Resources Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices Declaring Resources The VXI Resource Manager does not reserve resources for VME devices Instead a configuration file is used to reserve resources for VME devices in a VXI system Use usr sicl etc vxil vmedev cf on your system to reserve resources for VME devices The VXI Resource Manager reads this file to reserve the VME address space and VME IRQ lines The VXI Resource Manager then assigns the VXI devices around the already reserved VME resources When you edit the vmedev cf file you need to specify the device name bus slot number address space starting offset size and VME IRQ line The following is an example entry vmedevl 0 12 A24 0x400000 0x10000 3 For VME devices requ
78. memory it uses and what interrupt lines it uses Additionally the resource manager verifies that the same resources aren t allocated to more than one device See Communicating with VME Devices in Chapter 4 Using HP SICL with VXI for more information on setting up VME devices in your VXI mainframe This file is also used by the ivxisc utility to print out information about the devices Appendix B 101 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Configuration Files The irq cf Configuration File The irq cf file is a database that maps specific interrupt lines to VXI interrupt handlers If you have non programmable interrupters and you want the interrupters to be recognized by a VXI interrupt handler you must make an entry in this file Additionally if you have programmable interrupters and you want them to be recognized by a device other than what s assigned by the resource manager the commander of that device you can make an entry in this file to override the default Keep in mind that not all VXI devices need to use interrupt lines and not all interrupt lines need to be assigned Note that any interrupt lines assigned in this file cannot also be assigned in the vmedev cf configuration file The cmdrsrvt cf Configuration File The cmdrsrvt cf file contains a commander servant hierarchy other than the default for the VXI system
79. n strres Close the multimeter session iclose dvm Chapter 4 61 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Addressing VXI Register Based Devices Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices Register Based Devices There are several methods you can use to communicate with register based devices Register Use the vxi interface to program directly to the device s Programming registers with a series of register peeks and pokes This method can be very time consuming and difficult however HP When you use an HP Command Module to Command communicate with VXI devices you are actually Module communicating over HP IB The Command Module interprets the high level SCPI commands for register based instruments and then sends out low level commands over the VXlbus backplane to the instruments C SCPI See the manual HP E6237A Compiled SCPI for LynxOS User s Guide To create a device session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit and a particular device s address in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are example addresses for VXI device sessions vxi 24 A device address corresponding to the device at primary address 24 on the vxi interface vxi 128 A device address corresponding to the device at primary add
80. n Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Using VXI Specific Interrupts VME Interrupt arrives get iack value send I_INTR_VME_IRQ is VME IRQ line configured VME only if yes then exit do lower 8 bits match logical address of one of our servants if yes then iack is from one of our servants call servant_signal_processing iack else iack is from a non servant VXI device or VME device send I_INTR_VXI_VME interrupt to interface sessions Signal Register Write occurs get value written to signal register send I_INTR_ANY_SIG do lower 8 bits match logical address of one of our servants if yes then Signal is from one of our servants call Servant_signal_processing value else Stray signal send I_INTR_VXI_UKNSIG to interface sessions servant_signal_processing signal_value Value is form one of our servants is signal value a response signal If yes then process response signal exit Signal is an event signal is signal an RT or RF event if yes then A request TRUE or request FALSE arrived process request TRUE or request FALSE event generate SRQ if appropriate exit is signal an undefined command event if yes then Undefined command event process an undefined command event exit Signal is a user defined or undefined event send I_INTR_VXI_SIGNAL to device sessions for this device exit
81. n a second time manually without asserting the VXI SYSRESET iclear command or cycling power on the mainframe ivxirm p 110 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities ivxisc Syntax ivxisc sdvfphmi directory Description The ivxisc command reads the operating configuration file usr sicl etc vxilu rsrcmgr out on your LynxOS system where lu is the logical unit of the VXI interface and prints a human readable display of the current configuration This display includes slot number tables for each VXI bus in the configuration and logical address tables for each MXI bus a device table VME device information a list of failed devices a protocol support table the commander servant hierarchy an A24 A32 memory map and an interrupt line allocation table The default command no arguments prints all tables Parameters s Prints bus slot tables d Prints device table v Prints VME device table f Prints failed device table p Prints protocol table h Prints hierarchy m Prints memory map i Prints IRQ table directory Operating file directory on your system default usr sicl etc vxilu Example For the VXI interface at logical unit lu 0 ivxisc usr sicl etc vxi0 A sample output follows Appendix B 111 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOUR
82. n interface symbolic name 7 An interface logical unit The above examples use the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are GPIB gpib HPIB IEEE488 etc T The following example opens a interface session with the HP IB interface INST hpib hpib iopen hpib 44 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com HP IB Interface Session Interrupts HP IB Interface Sessions and Service Requests Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces HP SICL Function Support with HP IB Interface Sessions The following describes how some SICL functions are implemented for HP IB interface sessions iwrite Sends the specified bytes directly to the interface without performing any bus addressing The iwrite function always clears the ATN line before sending any bytes thus ensuring that the GPIB interface sends the bytes as data not command bytes iread Reads the data directly from the interface without performing any bus addressing itrigger Performs a GPIB group execute trigger GET without additional addressing This functi
83. name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are VXI MXI mxi etc SICL supports only primary addressing on the VXI device sessions Specifying a secondary address causes an error The following is an example of opening a device session with the VXI device at logical address 64 INST dmm dmm iopen vxi 64 60 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices M essage B ased The following example program located in usr sicl examples opens Device Session a communication session with a VXI message based device and measures Example the AC voltage The measurement results are then printed vximesdev c This example program measures AC voltage on a multimeter and prints out the results include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm char strres 20 Print message and terminate on ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT Open the multimeter session dvm iopen vxi 24 itimeout dvm 10000 Initialize dvm iwrite dvm RST n 5 1 NULL Take measurement rror iwrite dvm MEAS VOLT AC 1 0 001 n 23 1 NULL Read measurements iread dvm strres 20 NULL NULL Print the results printf Result is s
84. ndler must be installed Second the interrupt event or events need to be enabled The ionintr function installs an interrupt handler The isetintr function enables notification of the interrupt event or events An interrupt handler can be installed with no events enabled Conversely interrupt events can be enabled with no interrupt handler installed Only when both an interrupt handler is installed and interrupt events are enabled will the interrupt handler be called Chapter 2 25 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Note Using HP SICL Using Asynchronous Events Temporarily Disabling Enabling Asynchronous Events To temporarily prevent all SRQ and interrupt handlers from executing use the iintroff function This disables all asynchronous handlers for all sessions in the process To re enable asynchronous SRQ and interrupt handlers previously disabled by iintroff use the iintron function This enables all asynchronous handlers for all sessions in the process that had been previously enabled These functions do not affect the iset int r values or the handlers ionsrq or ionintr in any way See ionintr and ionsrq in the HP SICL Reference Manual Default is on It is possible to overflow SICL s interrupt queue if too many interrupts are generated while notification is disabled Calls to itintroff iintron may be nested meaning that there must be an eq
85. nframe is accessed by an embedded controller or top level MXI bus The device requires 4096 bytes of A24 address space starting at address 0x400000 and uses IRQ line 3 vmedevl 0 6 A24 0x400000 0x1000 3 Where vmedev 1 is the name of the device 0 is the logical address of the device through which the VXI resource manager will access the bus 6 is the VXI slot number A24 is the address space to map the VME registers 0x400000 is the starting address 0x1000 is the size and 3 is the IRQ line If your VME device requires both A24 and A32 address space you will need to have an entry for each address space Each line should use a different device name for example vmedev1 and vmedev2 Once you have made the appropriate entry into the vmedev cf file you must re run the siclconf utility The following ANSI C example program located in usr sicl examples opens a VXI interface session and sets up an interrupt handler When the I_INTR_VME_IRQ1 interrupt occurs the function defined in the interrupt handler will be called The program then writes to the registers causing the I_INTR_VME_IRQ1 interrupt to occur Note that you must edit this program to specify the starting address and register offset of your specific VME device This example program also requires the VME device Chapter 4 73 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with V
86. nterface specific functions for example igpibsendcmd E A commander session is used to communicate with the interface commander Typically a commander session is used when a computer connected to the interface is acting like a device There are two parts to opening a communication session with a specific device interface or commander First you must create an instance of a SICL session by declaring a variable of type INST Then once the variable is declared you can open the communication channel by using the SICL iopen function INST id id iopen addr Where id is declared with the type INST and communicates to a device interface or commander The addr parameter is a string expression which specifies a device or interface address or the string cmdr for a commander session See the sections that follow for details on creating the different types of communications sessions Your program may have several sessions open at the same time by creating multiple INST identifiers with the iopen function Use the SICL iclose function to close a channel of communication Chapter 2 9 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Addressing Device Sessions Note Using HP SICL Opening a Communications Session Device Sessions A device session allows you direct access to a device without worrying about the type of interface to which it is connected On HP IB for exampl
87. numbers and may be represented in either hexadecimal using 0x octal using 0 binary using Ob or decimal default Appendix C 119 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Configuring HP SICL Editing the Hardware Configuration File 120 Appendix C Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Glossary Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Glossary address A string uniquely identifying a particular interface or a device on that interface bus error An action that occurs when access to a given address fails either because no register exists at the given address or the register at the address refuses to respond bus error handler Programming code executed when a bus error occurs commander session A session that communicates to the controller of this system controller A computer used to communicate with a remote device such as an instrument In the communications between the controller and the device the controller is in charge of and controls the flow of communication i e does the addressing and or other bus management controller role A computer acting as a controller communicating with a device device A unit that receives commands from a controller Typically a device is an instrument but could a
88. ollresp Sets PPOLL state igpibrenctl Sets or clears the REN line igpibsendcmd Sends data with ATN line set igpibsettldelay Sets the T1 delay on the GPIB interface Chapter 3 53 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Summary of HP IB Specific Functions 54 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI This chapter explains how to use SICL to communicate over the VXIbus This chapter contains the following sections Creating a Communications Session with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices Communicating with VXI Interfaces Communicating with VME Devices HP SICL Function Support with VXI Using HP SICL Trigger Lines Using i blockcopy for DMA Transfers Using VXI Specific Interrupts Summary of VXI Specific Functions For information on the specific SICL function calls see the HP SICL Reference Manual 56 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Creating a Communications Session with VXI Creating a Communications Session with VXI Before you start programming your VXI system ensure that the system is set up and
89. on should be used with the igpibsendcmd to send an UNL followed by the device addresses This will allow the itrigger function to be used to trigger multiple GPIB devices simultaneously Passing the I_TRIG_STD value to the ixtrig routine also causes a broadcast GPIB group execute trigger GET There are no other valid values for the ixtrig function iclear Performs a GPIB interface clear pulses IFC and REN which resets the interface There are specific interface session interrupts that can be used See isetintr inthe HP SICL Reference Manual for information on the interface session interrupts There are no interface specific interrupts for the HP IB interface HP IB interface sessions support Service Requests SRQ On the HP IB interface when one device issues an SRQ the library will inform all HP IB interface sessions that have SRQ handlers installed See ionsrgq in the HP SICL Reference Manual It is good practice to ensure that a device isn t Chapter 3 45 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Checking the Bus Status Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces requesting service before leaving the SRQ handler The easiest technique for this is to service all devices from one handler HP IB Interface Session Examples The following example located in usr sicl examples program is an ANSI C program that retrieves the HP IB interfa
90. oots sysreset interface_nam This keyword will execute the action on the interface_name when a VXI SYSRESET interrupt is detected by the iproc daemon This function is primarily used to ensure that the VXI resource manager ivxirm will be run in response to a VXI SYSRESET This requires iproc to continue execution monitor This keyword allows the iproc daemon to continue execution if sysreset is not used This is useful during debugging activities 108 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities ivxirm Syntax ivxirm diptvDILMS arguments Description The ivxirm the resource manager initializes the VXI and MXI buses by reading several configuration files and by polling the VXI devices to determine their resources and capabilities Then using a set of rules governing VXI configuration it defines the relationships between commanders and servants and writes this information to the rsrcmgr out configuration file The resource manager also optionally prints this information to the standard output The resource manager is usually run automatically at system power on The command line argument definitions follow d The next argument contains the name of the directory for the static and operating configuration files This defaults to usr sicl etc vxilu on your system where u is the logical unit
91. ore on addressing specific interfaces can be found in the interface specific chapter for example Using HP SICL with HP IB later in this manual Chapter 2 11 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Addressing Commander Sessions Using HP SICL Opening a Communications Session Commander Sessions The commander session allows you to talk to the interface controller Typically the controller is the computer used to communicate with devices on the interface However when the controller is no longer the active controller or passes control commander sessions can be used to talk to the controller In this mode your program is acting like a device on the interface non controller Commander sessions are not supported on VXI To create a commander session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit followed by a comma and then the string cmdr in the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are valid commander addresses hpib cmdr HP IB commander session 7 cmdr Commander session on interface at logical unit 7 The following is an example of creating a commander session with the HP IB interface INST cmdr cmdr iopen hpib cmdr 12 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP
92. peration on the device or interface specified by the sym_name parameter Sym_name is the SICL address of the device or interface being addressed If sym_name refers to a device then a device clear command will be sent to the device If sym_name refers to an interface then the interface clear command will be sent to that interface The actual functions of the device clear or interface clear are specific to the device or interface For example executing iclear on an HP IB device will result in the SDC command being sent to that device Executing iclear on an HP IB interface will result in the IFC and REN line being pulsed if the interface is system controller and the interface hardware being reset The iclear command when used on a VXI interface session causes a pulse on the SYSRESET line which cancels the normal operation state until the resource manager has reconfigured the VXI system The iclear command when used on a VXI message based device session sends a word serial Clear command to the specified device The parameter definitions follow t timeout Times out after timeout milliseconds v Turns on verbose mode Prints the usage of the iclear program Example iclear t 1000 vxi Appendix A 91 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Syntax Description Example The HP SICL Utilities ipeek ipeek ipeek v bl wl 1 sym_name map_space offset
93. ppendix B 99 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Configuration Files The VXI Configuration Files In general the resource manager follows a set of rules defined by the VXI Standard when configuring the system However the VXI standard does not define some aspects of configuration and sometimes you need to make changes to the default The VXI configuration files specify some site dependent configuration rules and any changes from the default These files reside in the following directories on your system Each file is explained in the following sections File Name LynxOS Directory Location vximanuf cf usr sicl etc vximodel cf usr sicl etc dynamic cf usr sicl etc vxil vmedev cf usr sicl etc vxil irg cf usr sicl etc vxil cmdrsrvt cf usr sicl etc vxil names cf usr sicl etc vxil oride cf usr sicl etc vxil ttltrig f usr sicl etc vxil The vximanuf cf Configuration File The vximanuf cf file contains a database that cross references the VXI manufacturer id numbers and the name of the manufacturer The ivxirm utility reads the manufacturer id number from the VXI device The ivxisc utility then uses that number and this file to print out the name of the manufacturer If you add a new VXI device that is not currently in the file you may want to add an entry to the file 100 Appendix B Artisan Technology G
94. pter 2 31 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Error Handlers The following is an ANSI C example located in usr sicl examples of writing and implementing your own error handler errhand2 c This program shows how you can install your own error handler include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt void err_handler INST id int error fprintf stderr Error s n igeterrstr error exit 1 main INST dvm double res ionerror err_handler dvm iopen hpib 16 itimeout dvm 10000 iprintf dvm Ss n MEAS VOLT DC iscanf dvm 1f amp res printf Result is f n res iclose dvm exit 0 Now if any of the SICL functions result in an error your error routine will be called Note If an error occurs in iopen the id that is passed to the error handler may not be valid 32 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Caution Using HP SICL Using Locks Using Locks Because SICL allows multiple sessions on the same device or interface the action of opening does not mean you have exclusive use In some cases this is not an issue but should be a consideration if you are concerned with program portability The SICL ilock function is used to lock an interface or device The SICL iunlock func
95. ress 128 on the vxi interface Remember that the primary address must be between 0 and 255 The primary address corresponds to the VXI logical address and specifies the address in A16 space of the VXI device 62 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Programming Directly to the Registers Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices The above examples use the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The name used in your SICL program must match the logical unit or symbolic name specified in the system configuration Other possible interface names are VXI MXI mxi etc SICL supports only primary addressing on the VXI device sessions Specifying a secondary address causes an error The following is an example of opening a device session with the VXI device at logical address 64 INST dmm dmm iopen vxi 64 When communicating with register based devices you must send a series of peeks and pokes directly to the device s registers When sending a series of peeks and pokes to the device s registers use the following process E Map memory space into your process space E Read the register s contents using i peek E Write to the device registers using i poke E Unmap
96. ressed to talk before writing the data If the interface has been addressed to listen the data is read directly from the interface If the interface has not been addressed to listen it will wait to be addressed to listen before reading the data Sets the status value that will be returned when this device is SPOLLed Bit 6 of the status byte has a special meaning If bit 6 is set the SRQ line will be set If bit 6 is clear the SRQ line will be cleared HP IB Commander There are specific commander session interrupts that can be used See Session Interrupts isetintr in the HP SICL Reference Manual for information on the commander session interrupts 52 Chapter 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with HP IB Summary of HP IB Specific Functions Summary of HP IB Specific Functions Note Using these HP IB interface specific functions means that the program can not be used on other interfaces and therefore becomes less portable Function Name Action igpibatnctl Sets or clears the ATN line igpibbusaddr Change bus address igpibbusstatus Return requested bus data igpibgettldelay Retrieves the T1 delay setting on the GPIB interface igpibllo Sets bus in Local Lockout Mode igpibpassctl Passes active control to specified address igpibppoll Performs a parallel poll on the bus igpibppollconfig Configures device for PPOLL response igpibpp
97. roup Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System The VXI Configuration Files The vximodel cf Configuration File The vximodel cf file contains a database that lists a cross reference of manufacturer id model id and VXI device names The ivxirmutility reads the model id number from the VXI device and the ivxisc utility uses that information and this file to print out the VXI device model If you add a new VXI device to your system that is not currently in this database you may want to add an entry to this file The dynamic cf Configuration File The dynamic cf file contains a list of VXI devices to be dynamically configured You only need to add entries to this file if you want to override the default dynamic configuration assignment by the resource manager Normally if you have a dynamically configurable device and the logical address is set at 255 the resource manager will assign the first available address However if a dynamically configurable device has an entry in this file the resource manager will assign the address listed in the file The vmedev cf Configuration File The vmedev cf file contains a list of VME devices that use resources in the VXI mainframe Since the resource manager is unable to detect VME devices the resource manager uses this information to determine such things as the slot number where the VME device is located A16 A32 or A24 how much
98. s cannot use the upper 16K of the A16 address space since this area is reserved for VXI instruments When accessing VME or VXI devices via an embedded controller current versions of SICL use the supervisory data address modifiers 0x2D 0x3D and Ox0D for A16 A24 and A32 accesses respectively Chapter 4 71 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Supported Access Modes Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VME Devices The following table lists VME access modes supported on HP controllers A16 A24 A32 D08 D16 D32 D08 D16 D32 D08 D16 D32 Supervisory data xX X X xX X X X X X Reading and Writing to the Device Registers Once you have mapped the memory space use the SICL i peek and i poke functions to communicate with the VME devices With these functions you needed to know which register you want to communicate with and the register s offset See the instrument s user s manual for a description on the registers and register locations See the HP SICL Reference Manual for a complete description of the i peek and i poke functions Unmapping Memory Space If you want to unmap memory space when it is no longer needed make sure you use the SICL iunmap function You need to know which register you want to communicate with and the register s offset See the instrument s user s manual for a description on the registers and register locations
99. santg com Using HP SICL with VXI Summary of VXI Specific Functions Summary of VXI Specific Functions Note Using these VXI interface specific functions means that the program cannot be used on other interfaces and therefore becomes less portable Function Name Action ivxibusstatus Returns requested bus status information ivxigettrigroute Returns the routing of the requested trigger line ivxirminfo Returns information about VXI devices ivxiservants Identifies active servants ivxitrigoff De asserts VXI trigger line s ivxitrigon Asserts VXI trigger line s ivxitrigroute Routes VXI trigger lines ivxiwaitnormop Suspends until normal operation is established ivxiws Sends a word serial command to a device 88 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities This appendix describes the utilities that are shipped with SICL The following utilities are described in alphabetical order E iclear E ipeek E ipoke E iread E iwrite 90 Appendix A Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities iclear iclear Syntax iclear t timeout v sym_name Description iclear performs a device or interface defined clear o
100. sessions 59 VXI register based device sessions 62 Argument modifier 17 Array size 16 Asynchronous events 25 Interrupts 25 SRQs 25 B blockcopy c example 82 Buffers flushing 21 C cardname 119 cmdr string 12 51 cmdrsrvt cf file 102 Comma operator 16 Command Module 58 62 Commander sessions 12 Addressing 12 HP IB addressing 51 Index 2 HP IB communicating 51 VXI not supported 57 Commander Servant hierarchy 102 Commands word serial 76 Communication sessions 9 HP IB 39 VXI 57 Compiling SICL programs 7 Configuration ivxisc utility 105 111 SICL 117 siclconf utility 117 View current VXI system configuration 105 111 VXI system 98 VXI Utilities 106 Configuration files cmdrsrvt cf 102 dynamic cf 101 hweonfig cf 118 119 iproc cf 104 irq cf 102 names cf 102 oride cf 71 73 81 103 ttltrig cf 79 103 vmedev cf 70 73 101 VXI 100 VXI MXI 103 vximanuf cf 100 vximodel cf 101 D Device registers reading and writing 65 72 Device sessions 10 Addressing 10 HP IB 40 HP IB addressing 40 HP IB example 42 VME devices 69 VXI 57 VXI addressing 59 62 VXI communicating 58 VXI example 61 65 VXI register programming 63 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Disable events 26 DMA transfers 82 dynamic
101. ssage and then terminate the process I ERROR_NO EXIT This value installs a special error handler which will print a diagnostic message and then allow the process to continue execution This mechanism has substantial advantages over other I O libraries because error handling code is located away from the center of your application This makes the application easier to read and understand 30 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Error Handlers Error Handler Example Typically in an application error handling code is intermixed with the I O code However with SICL error handling routines no special error handling code is inserted between the I O calls Instead a single line at the top calling ionerror installs an error handler that gets called any time a SICL call results in an error In this example located in usr sicl examples a standard system defined error handler is installed that prints a diagnostic message and exits errhand c This example demonstrates how a SICL error handler can be installed include lt sicl h gt include lt stdio h gt main INST dvm double res ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT dvm iopen hpib 16 itimeout dvm 10000 iprintf dvm Ss n MEAS VOLT DC iscanf dvm Slf amp res printf Result is f n res iclose dvm exit 0 Cha
102. t id iopen inst_addr itimeout id 10000 map into user memory space base_addr imap id I_MAP_VXIDEV 0 1 NULL read registers id_reg iwpeek unsigned short base_addr 0x00 devtype_reg iwpeek unsigned short base_addr 0x02 print results printf Instrument at address s n inst_addr printf ID Register 0x 4X n Device Type Register Ox 4X n id_reg devtype_reg unmap memory space iunmap id char base_addr I_MAP_VXIDEV 0 1 close session iclose id 66 Chapter 4 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Interfaces Communicating with VXI Interfaces Interface sessions allow you direct low level control of the interface You must do all the bus maintenance for the interface This also implies that you have considerable knowledge of the interface Additionally when using interface sessions you need to use interface specific functions The use of these functions means that the program cannot be used on other interfaces and therefore becomes less portable Addressing VXI Interface Sessions To create an interface session on your VXI system specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the
103. ta has fewer characters than specified in the field width it will be padded The padded character is Chapter 2 15 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands dependent on various flags You can use an asterisk in place of the integer to indicate that the integer is taken from the next argument The following example pads numb to six characters and sends it to the session specified by id int numb 61 iprintf id 6d numb Pads to six characters 61 Precision Precision is an optional integer that is preceded by a period When used with conversion characters e E and f the number of digits to the right of the decimal point is specified For the d i o u x and X conversion characters the minimum number of digits to appear is specified For the s and s conversion characters the precision specifies the maximum number of characters to be read from the argument This field is only used when sending formatted I O iprintf and ipromptf You can use an asterisk in place of the integer to indicate that the integer is taken from the next argument The following example converts numb so that there are only two digits to the right of the decimal point and sends it to the session specified by id float numb 26 9345 iprintf id 2f numb Sends 26 93 Array Size The comma operator is a format modifier which
104. the format string The read buffer is automatically flushed before the write portion of an ipromptf Flushing the read buffer destroys the data in the Chapter 2 21 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Overview of Using HP SICL Sending I O Commands buffer and guarantees that the next call to iscanf or ipromptf reads data directly rather than data that was previously queued Flushing the read buffer also includes reading all pending response data from a device If the device is still sending data the flush process will continue to read data from the device until it receives an END indicator from the device See the isetbuf function for other options for buffering data Formatted 1 0 Routines ifread ifwrite iprintf iscanf ipromptf iflush isetbuf isetubuf 22 The following set of functions are related to formatted I O Obtains raw data directly from the read formatted I O buffer This is the same buffer that iscanf uses Writes raw data directly to the write formatted I O buffer This is the same buffer that iprint uses Converts data via a format string and writes the arguments appropriately Reads data converts this data via a format string and assigns the values to your arguments Sends then receives data from a device instrument It also converts data via format strings that are identical to iprintf and isc
105. the keyword LOCK if the function is affected by locks Functions without this keyword are not affected Chapter 2 33 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Locks Lock Actions If a session tries to perform any SICL function that obeys locks on an interface or device that is currently locked by another session the default action is to suspend the call until the lock is released or if a timeout is set until it times out This action can be changed with the iset lockwait function see the HP SICL Reference Manual for a full description If the iset lockwait function is called with the flag parameter set to 0 zero the default action is changed Rather than causing SICL functions to suspend an error will be returned immediately To return to the default action or to suspend and wait for an unlock call the isetlockwait function with the flag set to any non zero value Locking in a Multi User Environment In a multi user multi process environment where devices are being shared it is a good idea to use locking to help ensure exclusive use of a particular device or set of devices However as explained in the previous section Using Locking remember that an interface session can access a device locked from a device session In general it is not friendly behavior to lock a device at the beginning of an application and unlock it at the end This
106. the parent get into iwaithdlr sleep 2 ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT id iopen vxi pulse TTLO ivxitrigon id I_TRIG_TTLO ivxitrigoff id I_TRIG_TTLO iclose id exit 0 Chapter 2 29 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Using Error Handlers Using Error Handlers When a SICL function call results in an error it typically returns a special value such as a NULL pointer or a non zero error code SICL provides a convenient mechanism for handling errors SICL allows you to install an error handler for all SICL functions within an application It is important to note that error handlers are per process not per session That is one handler will work for all sessions in a process This allows your application to ignore the return value and simply permits the error procedure to detect errors and recover The error handler is called before the function that generated the error completes The function ionerror is used to install an error handler It is defined as follows int ionerror proc void proc Where void proc id error INST id int error The routine proc is the error handler and is called whenever a SICL error occurs Two special reserved values of proc may be passed to the ionerror function ERROR_EXIT This value installs a special error handler which will print a diagnostic me
107. tilities iwrite 96 Appendix A Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System When SICL is installed and configured certain SICL utilities and configuration files are copied onto your system The VXI system is configured using two SICL utilities and the VXI configuration files These utilities automatically run when the system boots The following is a summary of the VXIbus boot process utilities iproc This utility runs at system boot and performs various system initialization functions It uses the iproc cf configuration file to determine when the other configuration utility ivxirm runs ivxirm This utility runs the resource manager which initializes and configures the VXI mainframe resources The resource manager reads the VXI configuration files and polls the VXI devices to determine their resources and capabilities This utility runs at mainframe initialization unless otherwise specified in the iproc cf configuration file default is to run at mainframe initialization and when SYSRESET is detected configuration These files specify some site dependent configuration files rules and any changes from the default 98 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 8
108. tion Support with HP IB Device Sessions 41 HP IB Device Session Interrupts eeeseeeeeeereeereresresrrerrereesese 41 HP IB Device Sessions and Service Requests cceeeeeeeeeee 42 HP IB Device Session Example ceeeccesceeeeseeeeeeneeeneeeeenseeeaes 42 Communicating with HP IB Interfaces ieee ceseeesseeenecsteeeeeenteeees 44 Addressing HP IB Interfaces 0 0 cei ceeceeceseeseeeeseeeeeeeeseeseeeaeeeaees 44 HP SICL Function Support with HP IB Interface Sessions 45 HP IB Interface Session Interrupts 000 eeeceeeeeseeeeeeereeeeeeeaes 45 HP IB Interface Sessions and Service Requests cesses 45 HP IB Interface Session Examples 0 0 0 0 cecesceseeseeseeceseeeeeeeceaeees 46 Checking the Bus Status c ccccccscsccseesseesernscessceeseaessaseeneeansceees 46 Communicating with Devices via Interface Sessions 47 Communicating with HP IB Commanders 0 000 ceseeseeeeecsseeeeeeeneeeees 51 Addressing HP IB Commanders 0 0 eceeeceseeseeeeeeceseeseeeeeeeneeeeaees 51 HP SICL Function Support with HP IB Commander Sessions 52 HP IB Commander Session Interrupts ee eeeeeeeeeeseeeneeeneeees 52 Summary of HP IB Specific Functions cee eeeeeseceseeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeaees 53 4 Using HP SICL with VXI Creating a Communications Session with VX reri E EN EEEE E ET EE E EEEE R 57 Communicating with VXI Devices 0 0 eee eeeceeseeeneeeeeecneeceaeenaeensaeees 58
109. tion is used to unlock an interface or device Locks are performed on a per session device interface or commander basis If a session within a given process locks a device or interface then that device or interface can only be accessed from that session Locks can be nested The device or interface only becomes unlocked when the same number of unlocks are done as the number of locks Doing an unlock without a lock returns the error I_ERR_NOLOCK What does it mean to lock Locking an interface from an interface session restricts other device and interface sessions from accessing this interface Locking a device restricts other device sessions from accessing this device however other interface sessions may continue to access the interface for this device Locking a commander from a commander session restricts other commander sessions from accessing this commander It is possible for an interface session to access an interface which is serving a device locked from a device session This interface access usually allows the interface session to address or reset any device on the interface In such a case data may be lost from the device session that was underway Not all SICL routines are affected by locks Some routines that simply set or return session parameters never touch the interface hardware and therefore work without locks Each function defined in the HP SICL Reference Manual has a section Affected by functions that lists
110. trumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Introduction Welcome to the HP Standard Instrument Control Library SICL User s Guide for LynxOS This manual describes how to configure and use SICL on LynxOS This first chapter provides a brief overview of SICL In addition this guide contains the following chapters E Chapter 2 Using HP SICL describes the basics of SICL along with some detailed example programs You can find information on communication sessions addressing error handling and more E Chapter 3 Using HP SICL with HP IB describes communicating over the HP IB interface Example programs are also provided E Chapter 4 Using HP SICL with VXI describes communicating over the VXIbus Example programs are also provided This guide also contains the following appendices E Appendix A The HP SICL Utilities describes the SICL utilities you can use to read and write to devices or interfaces from the command line E Appendix B Customizing Your VXI System explains how you can customize your VXI system VXI configuration utilities are documented as well E Appendix C Configuring HP SICL explains how to edit the hardware configuration file and run the SICL configuration utility This guide also contains a Glossary of terms and their definitions as well as an Index 2 Chapter 1 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com
111. ts the SCPI command SICL functions used for programming message based devices include iread iwrite iprintf iscanf and so forth If your message based device has shared memory you can access the device s shared memory by doing register peeks and pokes See Register Based Devices later in this chapter for information on register programming To create a device session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit and a particular device s address in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are example addresses for VXI device sessions vxi 24 A device address corresponding to the device at primary address 24 on the vxi interface vxi 128 A device address corresponding to the device at primary address 128 on the vxi interface Remember that the primary address must be between 0 and 255 The primary address corresponds to the VXI logical address and specifies the address in A16 space of the VXI device Chapter 4 59 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices Note The previous examples use the default symbolic name specified during the system configuration If you want to change the name listed above you must also change the symbolic name or logical unit specified during the configuration The
112. ttempt to teach the C programming language or instrument I O concepts Chapter 1 3 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Introduction HP SICL Overview 4 Chapter 1 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL This chapter first describes how to use SICL and some of the basic features such as error handling and locking Detailed example programs are also provided to help you understand how these features work This chapter contains the following sections E Compiling and Linking HP SICL Programs E Including the sicl h Header File E Opening a Communications Session Sending I O Commands E Using Asynchronous Events E Using Error Handlers E Using Locks For specific details on SICL function calls see the HP SICL Reference Manual 6 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL Compiling and Linking HP SICL Programs Compiling and Linking HP SICL Programs You can create your SICL applications using ANSI C or C by following the instructions described in the LynxOS documentation When compiling and linking a C program that uses SICL use the 1sicl command line option to l
113. ual number of on s and off s This means that calling the iintron function may not actually re enable notification of interrupts Occasionally you may want to suspend a process and wait until an event occurs that causes a handler to execute The iwaithd1r function causes the process to suspend until either an enabled SRQ or interrupt condition occurs and the related handler executes Once the handler completes its operation this function returns and processing continues For this function to work properly your application must turn interrupts off before enabling asynchronous events that is use iintroff The iwaithdlr function behaves as if interrupts are enabled Interrupts are still disabled after the iwaithdlr function has completed Only calls to tint ron will re enable interrupts 26 Chapter 2 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL Using Asynchronous Events Interrupts must be disabled if you are using iwaithdlr Use iintroff to disable notification of interrupts The reason for disabling notification of interrupts is that the interrupt may occur between the isetintr and iwaithdlr and if you only expect one interrupt it might come before the iwaithdlr The interrupt will then be finished before iwaithd1r is called In this case iwaithdlr may have nothing to wait for and will wait until its timeout period is reached if any This may or may
114. uality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Addressing Interface Sessions Using HP SICL Opening a Communications Session The following is an example of opening a device session with the HP IB device at bus address 23 INST dmm dmm iopen hpib 23 More on addressing specific devices can be found in the interface specific chapter for example Using HP SICL with HP IB later in this manual Interface Sessions An interface session allows low level control of the specified interface There is a full set of interface specific SICL functions for programming features that are specific to a particular interface type HP IB or VXI This gives you full control of the activities on a given interface but does make code less portable To create an interface session specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The logical unit is an integer that corresponds to a specific interface The symbolic name is a string which uniquely describes the interface The following are valid interface addresses 7 Interface card at logical unit 7 hpib HP IB interface with the symbolic name hpib hpib2 Second HP IB interface with the symbolic name hpib2 The following example opens an interface session with the HP IB interface INST dmm dmm iopen hpib M
115. upported for device addresses The parameter definitions follow t timeout Specifies the timeout value in milliseconds c count Specifies the number of bytes to read e end_char Defines a termination character for the read v Turns on verbose mode Prints the usage of the i read program Example iread hpib 16 94 Appendix A Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL Utilities iwrite iwrite Syntax iwrite s size t timeout e 0l1 v sym_name Description iwrite is the SICL utility for writing data to a device The input of iwrite comes from stdin The write is terminated only when size number of bytes is written or a timeout occurs The sym_name is the SICL symbolic name of the device Note that iwrite is only supported for device addresses The parameter definitions follow s size Specifies the number of bytes to read t timeout Specifies the timeout value in milliseconds e 0 1 Set to non zero if the END indicator should be given on the last byte of the block or zero if it should not Note that if this parameter is not specified iwrite will default to giving the END indicator on the last byte of the block v Turns on verbose mode Prints the usage of the iwrite program Example iwrite hpib 16 Appendix A 95 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com The HP SICL U
116. upter Name 1234 5 6 7 1234567 dev1 XX XXX X X relaymux dev2 dev3 Appendix B 113 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Customizing Your VXI System VXI Configuration Utilities 114 Appendix B Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Configuring HP SICL Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Configuring HP SICL This appendix explains how to configure SICL It includes procedures to edit the hwconfig cf file which contains the configuration details for SICL interfaces and how to run the siclconf utility for rebuilding the kernel 116 Appendix C Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Configuring HP SICL Configuring HP SICL for VXI Configuring HP SICL for VXI HP SICL is preconfigured for VXI at the factory If you need to reconfigure SICL use the following procedure The VXI configuration is done by running the siclconf utility as explained in this section The siclconf utility rebuilds the kernel The following steps explain how to run this utility to configure VXI and rebuild SICL into the kernel 1 2 Log in as root on the Lynx system Edit the usr sicl etc hwconfig cf file Run the siclconf utility using the following command to build a new
117. urer id 100 Mapping memory space 63 71 Message Based devices 58 59 Message Based programming Example 61 SICL functions 76 Model number 101 Register programming 63 Register Based devices 58 62 Register Based programming Example 65 SICL functions 76 Resource Manager 99 109 SICL functions 88 siclconf utility 117 Symbolic name 67 102 Trigger lines 103 Unmapping memory space 65 72 VME devices 69 VXI device sessions Example 61 65 iclear 76 ionsrq 76 iread 76 ireadstb 76 itrigger 76 iwrite 76 VXI interface sessions Example 68 iclear 77 iread 77 iwrite 77 VXI MXI Configuration Viewing current 105 111 Mapping memory space 73 Routing external trigger lines 81 Routing TTL trigger lines 79 vxiintr c example 68 vximanuf cf file 100 vximesdev c example 61 vximodel cf file 101 vxiregdev c example 66 W Wait for handlers 26 Index 7 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com A rtisan Artisan Technology Group is your source for quality TecmoogyGroup new and certified used pre owned equipment FAST SHIPPING AND SERVICE CENTER REPAIRS WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT DELIVERY Experienced engineers and technicians on staff Sell your excess underutilized and idle used equipment TENS OF THOUSANDS OF at our full service in house repair center We also offer credit for buy backs and trade ins IN STOCK ITEMS www artis
118. w TRIG SOUR BUS n Set up scan list iprintf sw SCAN 100 103 n iprintf sw INIT n for i 1 i lt 4 1i Take a measurement iprintf dvm MEAS VOLT DC n Read the results iscanf dvm lf amp res Print the results printf Result is f n res Trigger to close channel iprintf sw TRIG n Close the multimeter and switch sessions iclose dvm iclose sw Chapter 3 43 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Note Using HP SICL with HP IB Communicating with HP IB Interfaces Communicating with HP IB Interfaces Interface sessions allow you direct low level control of the interface You must do all the bus maintenance for the interface This also implies that you have considerable knowledge of the interface Additionally when using interface sessions you need to use interface specific functions The use of these functions means that the program can not be used on other interfaces and therefore becomes less portable Addressing HP IB Interfaces To create an interface session on your HP IB system specify either the interface symbolic name or logical unit in the addr parameter of the iopen function The interface symbolic name and logical unit are defined during the system configuration The following are example HP IB interface addresses hpib An interface symbolic name hpib2 A
119. wing is an example of using iwpeek id iopen vxi 24 addr imap id I_MAP_VXIDEV 0 1 0 reg_data iwpeek addr 4 See the HP SICL Reference Manual for a complete description of the i peek and i poke functions Unmapping Memory Space It is good practice to use the iunmap function to unmap the memory space when it is no longer needed The following example program located in usr sicl examples opens a communication session with the register based device connected to the address entered by the user The program then reads the Id and Device Type registers The register contents are then printed Chapter 4 65 Artisan Technology Group Quality Instrumentation Guaranteed 888 88 SOURCE www artisantg com Using HP SICL with VXI Communicating with VXI Devices vxidev c The following example prompts the user for an instrument address and then reads the id register and device type register The contents of the register are then displayed include lt stdio h gt include lt stdlib h gt include lt sicl h gt void main char inst_addr 80 volatile char base_addr unsigned short id_reg devtype_reg INST id get instrument address puts Pleas nter the logical address of the register based instrument for example vxi 24 n gets inst_addr install error handler ionerror I_ERROR_EXIT open communications session with instrumen

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