INSTRUCTION MANUAL - Boston Laboratory Equipment
Contents
1. Salmonella various culture media or phosphate buffered saline disintegrated between 40 and 50 in 10 20 minutes Disrupting was step in an improved assay for enzyme thiogalactosize transacetylase Salmonella Typhimurium and Enteritidis bacteria were suspended in 1 300 volume of original culture processed for 4 minutes and centrifuged for 20 minutes at 20 000 g Extracts were found to catalyze the synthesis of cytidine diphosphate 3 6 dideozyhexoses Schistosome Mansoni completely disrupted Sedimentary Rock completely dispersed flocs with the release of all bound silt and clay particles Sediments readily dispersed fine material allowing quick separation of the sand from silt and clay fractions Serial Number Restoration used in crime laboratories to restore obliterated serial numbers Serratia Marcescens complete breakdown in 1 minute for a 12 ml concentrated solution Serum quickly homogenized Serum Cholinesterase different cholinesterase isoenzymes may be activated selectively and inactivated selectively S Faecalis completely disrupted in 1 minute S Fragilis 5 minutes yielded excellent release of galactokinase much more than any other method Sub cellular particles may be extracted or disrupted Shale excellent disaggregation of all fine grained sedimentary rocks Shellfish by drilling a clean hole with the microtip various fluids or samples may be withdrawn or injected from livi2. Number before returning any equipment Always return the generator convertor and probe Include a note with the unit stating the Model Number and Serial Numbers of both the generator and convertor the RGA number and a brief explanation of the problem with the unit If possible include A Purchase Order Number Bill To and Ship To address The return method of shipment usually we ship UPS Ground prepaid and add International Returns Ship back to us via Air Freight Freight Charges Prepaid by you and Free Domicile CAUTION When using loose packing materials such as foam pellets shredded paper or excelsior be sure to wrap the generator and convertor separately in plastic bags or plastic wrap Remove MICROTIP probes and pack separately in same outer carton The VirTis Company 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 13 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual APPLICATION LIST Acetobacter Suboxydans completely disrupted in a few seconds Actinomyces 3 minutes disruption produced excellent disruption with 50 protein released and excellent enzyme activity Actinomycin D suspended or dissolved in 3 minutes Aerobacter Aerogenes excellent breakage with better enzyme release than any other method A low power setting can release sulfatase activity into the supernate with no obvious disruption of the majority of cells Algae Scenedesmus 10 concentrated solution
3. by placing the wrenches in the slots of the probe and the black front driver Instead of hand holding the convertor a simple three prong lab clamp and lab stand may be used to hold the convertor and sample tube Secure the clamp only to the large 114 or 32mm diameter of the convertor The movement of the MICROPROBE will be restricted if the clamp is placed on the probe or on the black front driver CAUTIONS Never Touch the tip of a live probe to your hand or skin Always allow the unit to reach room temperature before operating Do not operate the generator without the convertor attached Do not let the probe vibrate in air for more than just few seconds Avoid touching the activated probe to the sides or bottom of the sample container and do not place it down on the work surface Do not use the On Off switch for pulsing only use the optional plug in footswitch to manually pulse the probe Operation 1 The VIRSONIC 100 does not require manual tuning It has an automatic tuning feature and is fully self tuning across a wide band of load conditions To operate follow these instructions Simply hold the body of the convertor Turn the power control knob to zero Turn the power switch on Allow digital reading to stabilize at _ 0 0 The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 10 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Place the probe into
4. completely disrupted in 1 minute Alkaloids total amount as well as speed of extraction is greater using ultrasonic disruption 30 seconds processing of ipecac root yielded more alkaloid than Soxhlet extraction in 5 hours Antibioticus monocellular elements from surface grown colonies obtained in 1 minute 50 disruption in 2 minutes completely disrupted in 5 minutes Antigen ultrasonic processing is extensively used to produce antigens and vaccines either to increase yield or expose otherwise unobtainable sites Antigen Antibody Complexes broken apart using ultrasonic disruption Aorta 1 gm completely disintegrated in 2 minutes Aphanomyces afterblending completely disrupted in 3 minutes Arthrobacter Tumescens 10 gm in 40 disrupted in 5 minutes for O coumaric reductose Ascaris Eggs concentrated solution 8 ml complete breakage in 3 minutes Asperigillus completely disrupted in 4 minutes Aurefaciens monocellular elements from surface grown colonies obtained in 1 minute 50 disruption in 2 minutes completely disrupted in 5 minutes Azotobacter Vinelandii 15ml buffered solution 200 mg wet weight per ml completely disrupted in 2 minutes Bacillus stereothermophulus Thermophillic spore form 98 disruption of 70 ml of 40 suspension in 15 minutes Bacteroides Symbiosis 1 phosphofructokinase a soluble enzyme has been isolated from this anaerobe by ultrasonic treatment A 25 ml
5. level for your sample Set the desired time on the timer Once timer is set the probe will be activated Unit will shut off at end of timed cycle Repeat as necessary to process all samples Ot eS 7 Operation with optional Plug in Footswitch The footswitch allows the user to manually activate the probe The user may switch the probe on or off at their own discretion by depressing the footswitch The footswitch is commonly used for pulsed sonication or for hands free operation allowing the operator to manipulate the sample with their hands For foot switch operation Turn the power control knob to zero Turn the power switch on Allow digital reading to stabilize at 0 0 Place the probe into your sample at mid depth Insert Footswitch plug into the footswitch jack on rear panel of generator Adjust the power setting to the appropriate intensity level for your sample Depress footswitch to activate output Hold footswitch down for desired period of operation Release footswitch to de activate output Repeat as necessary to process all samples Go CAUTION If Footswitch or Timer plug is removed from jack at rear of unit then the unit will remain on indefinitely In this event turn main power switch off to disengage unit F Care of MICROPROBE Tips Proper care of MICROPROBE tips is essential for good performance and long service life Tightness of the probe cleanliness of the mating surfac
6. of the inaba serotype strain 569E of the classic biotype of cholera vibrio were grown on 3 Bactopeptane agar and harvested in distilled water in 18 hours The unwashed suspensions were solubilized by disruption clarified by centrifugation and the supernat freeze dried for the titration of cholera toxin in the rabbit ileal loop Toxoplasma Gondii can be separated from white blood cells without injuring T Pyriformis completely disrupted 8 enzymes released Transplantation Antigens were extracted from spleen thymus and lymph nodes Trichomonas Foetus completely disrupted in a few seconds Triolein completely emulsified in 2 minutes Trypanosomes completely disrupted concentrated 10 ml solution in 4 minutes Tumor Tissue disintegrated much faster than normal tissue Uterus Muscle completely disrupted 1 5 gm 3 cc in solution 3 minutes for coenzyme Q determination Vaccines numerous advantages such as more antigenic material released than usual and the producing of vaccines not obtainable by classical methods Various Bacilli completely disrupted in 3 minutes Vibrio Comma excellent disruption Virus Extraction excellent for making experimental vaccines Evidence of breakage of virus antibody bonds Virus can be extracted at low power without damage if broken at high power Vitamin E 30 seconds disruption put material in solution with a resultant permanent suspension W138 Virus Cell free
7. processed for microscopic sections and diagnosed Other methods require extensive treatment time The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 14 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Brain Stem and Adrenal Gland dispersion of 10 mg samples in 10 ml fluid normally difficult without substantial loss of material Suspension analyzed for nucleotides Brain Tissue completely disrupted instantly Brevi Bacterium 25 ml completely disrupted in 20 seconds Brevi Bacterium Acetylicum approximately 3 minutes to disrupt large samples and measure TCA enzyme activity Brine Shrimp completely disrupted in 1 minute Brucella Abortes easily separated from leukocytes At least 9 antigens extracted Bull Sperm contractile protein more easily extractable from tails after disruption C Butyricum vegetative cells easily disrupted C Cylinrosporum vegetative cells easily disrupted C Kluyveri vegetative cells easily disrupted C Pasteurianum 3 minutes disruption for hydrogens reducing Ferredoxin with Calcium mouse Ehrlich ascites tumor cells were disrupted for 1 minute to determine the amount of bound calcium present Cells were labeled with calcium 45 Candida Albicans Spores 95 disruption in 35 minutes 15 ml solution 1 2 gm dry weight Carbon Black excellent small particle suspension and deagglomeration Caryophanon Latum disruption yields g
8. taken DO NOT USE A CABLE WITH BROKEN END CONNECTIONS EXPOSED WIRES OR FRAYED INSULATION HIGH VOLTAGE IS PRESENT IN CABLE AND MAY POSE A SHOCK HAZARD DO NOT TOUCH CONVERTOR ASSEMBLY UNTIL POWER SWITCH OF GENERATOR IS IN OFF POSITION AND UNIT IS UNPLUGGED If the operator is in doubt as to the condition of the unit call your local VirTis customer service representative for prompt attention In general use the cable assembly should not be used to carry the convertor or pull it toward the user Make certain the cable always has slack and is never tensioned Move the generator or convertor assembly closer to one another to accomplish this If this is not possible contact VirTis customer service to obtain a longer assembly The VirTis Company AN SP INDUSTRIES COMPANY 815 Route 208 Gardiner NY 12525 4 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual SPECIFICATIONS Generator Dimensions 33cm W x 19cm D x 17cm H 13 x 7 5 x 6 7 Weight 4 2 kg 9 2 Ib Input Voltage 115 VAC nom switchable to 220 VAC nom 50 60 hz Full Load Current 1 65 amps at 115v 0 8 amps at 220v Fuse Rating and Type 3 amp 1 5 amp Fast acting Voltage Tolerance 10 nominal voltage Output Voltage Frequency 950 Vrms maximum 22 5 kc nom Convertor Dimensions 17cm L x 3cm Dia 6 7 L x 1 18 Dia without probes Weight 2 kg 5 Ib Materials Aluminum case and Front Driver Environme
9. D Display for monitoring power output the Power Control Knob Continuous Remote Operation Switch Convertor Rest and On Off Switch The Wattmeter measures the power in watts delivered to the convertor and probe while the Digital LCD Display provides a continuous read out of this value The Continuous Remote Operation Switch provides continuous operation or manual pulsing utilize the thumb switch The Power Control Knob provides continuous adjustment of probe intensity with graduations from 1 to 20 The Convertor Rest holds the convertor and probe when not in use The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual and the On Off Switch contains a power light indicator The back panel contains the line fuse and footswitch jack for use with optional plug in timer or On Off Footswitch see page 10 Preparation for Use The VIRSONIC 100 is easy to set up Simply attach one end of the convertor cable to the back of the generator Plug one end of the power cord into the back of the unit and the other end into a three pronged grounded wall outlet Then make sure that the MICROPROBE is securely attached to the convertor The unit is now ready to use To verify tightness of the MICROPROBE use the open end wrenches supplied To install a new probe first screw the probe into the convertor finger tight only Then tighten the probe using the wrenches provided
10. The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual INSTRUCTION MANUAL VirTis VIRSONIC 100 6 00 Produced by Joan Miller The VirTis Company AN SP INDUSTRIES COMPANY 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 12525 1 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 SECTION The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE SAFETY PRECAUTIONS SAFETY REMINDER SPECIFICATIONS CONTROLS DIAGRAM INSTALLATION A Power Requirements B Inspection C Placement of Equipment OPERATION A Principle of Ultrasonics B Description of Major Components C Description of Controls and Indicators D Preparation for Use m Operation F Care of Microprobe Tips REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT A Return of Equipment and Important Notice APPLICATION NOTES The VirTis Company AN SP INDUSTRIES COMPANY e 815 Route 208 Gardiner NY 12525 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 PAGE 10 11 12 13 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Read ALL Instructions Before Installing or Using Equipment VIRSONIC 100 Ultrasonic Homogenizer Instruction Manual Your new VIRSONIC 100 Ultrasonic Homogenizer has been designed and tested to assure maximum operator safety However no design can completely protect against improper usage which may lead to bodily injury and or property damage For total safety and equipment protection read the instruction manual carefully before attempting to operate t
11. V 2 virus obtained in 30 seconds using 6 ml of Veronal buffer with W138 cells containing V 2 virus The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 19 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Yeast completely disrupted in to 10 minutes depending on type Zooplankton completely disrupted in less than 1 minute SPECIFIC APPLICATIONS Bacterial dispersion in Cup Horn sonication with dissolving agents can dissolve bonds between cells Ceramics fluidization of slurries and casts suspension and homogenization of fine particles Conservation restoration and preservation of historical artifacts such as pottery shards bones etc Contract Echocardiography Agents sparging and dispersion of microbubbles in contrast agents Degas HPLC Solvents and other liquids for general laboratory use and for quality control TOC determination in breweries and distilleries for beers wines and spirits and in soft drink bottling E Coli Most commonly used cell in biotechnology for R amp D of new pharmaceutical or industrial products Plastics fuel oil cleanups remedied soil and waste cleanup EPA Hazardous Waste Protocol Times Beach Love Canal etc Homogenization of solid dwaste samples for EPA SW 85 Method 3550 and similar test methods Fiber Processing cigarette paper insulators composites etc more uniform laydown denser felting and
12. ble Gums dispersed and solubilized hydrophilic vegetable gums in water made dispersions of added particulate matter Intracellular Membrane disruption and particle size reduction obtained in 30 60 seconds Isoenzymes selectively activated with respect to time and intensity of treatment Kidney completely disrupted 1 gm in 3 minutes Kidney Stones easily broken in seconds in vitro Klebsiella excellent disruption Lactobacillus completely disrupted 0 5gm in 15 mlin 11 minutes Excellent release of acetokinase L Arabinosis completely disrupted to free virus in 2 minutes using high power without injury Leuconostoc Mesenteroides disrupted in 15 minutes using high power Leukocyte Lysozme Activity in Myelocytic Leukemia the cell suspension was processed ultrasonically and samples assayed for lysozyme activity The The VirTis Company 815 Route 208 Gardiner NY 16 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual lysozyme concentration of the leukocytes ug 10 cells were determined Linoleic Acid made suspension in water in 30 seconds Lipid Vesicles excellent results preparing small unilamellar phospholipid vesicles with Cup Horn as well as by direct probe contact Liver Tissue 1 gm was homogenized in less than 1 minute Lung Tissue 1 gm was homogenized in 2 minutes Lymphacytis completely disrupted in 15 seconds Lymphocyte Nuclei completel
13. deflocculation Focused Cleaning wire dies blind holes metal parts etc Microdissection selective ablation of tissues for electron microscopy Plastic Film Dissolution for quality control of electronic insulating materials Quality Control of Metal Powder Pigment Paint Activated Carbon Deagglomeration and suspension Sonochemistry primary reference generation of new species and acceleration of reactions in laboratory and industry Liposomes Preparation Cup Horn or Microtip Micelles can be formed in cavitation field medication delivery systems DNA and Polysaccharide Cleavage Ozonation for remediation in waste treatment Restoration of serial numbers on guns and engines in forensics Super critical cleaning high pressure cleaning with liquid Tablet dispersion in the medical and pharmaceutical fields Tuberculosis TB screening cup horn for mycobacteria The VirTis Company 815 Route 208 Gardiner NY 20 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338
14. ed processing produced complete disruption Synovial Fluid disruption is an excellent means of reducing fluid viscosity The ultrasonic method is both simpler and faster than using hyaluronidase Tablets completely disrupted in 2 40 seconds depending on type Excellent for automatic machines excellent extraction Tetrahymena disrupted in a few seconds Enzymes which have been monitored include succinate lactate B hydroxy butyrate glutamate and DPNH oxidases DPNH cytochrome C reductase and ribonuclease Specify activity of DPNH oxidase was twice that of the best previous experiments Thermoactinomyces disruption of hyphae Homogenization of protein complex without denaturation Thermophile Negative completely disrupted in 2 minutes Thermophilic Bacillus lsocitrate lyase was extracted from a spore forming bacillus similar to Strearothermophilus A washed cell paste suspended in phosphate buffer was processed 2 minutes and the supernatant was used for enzyme experiments without further treatment Extracts could be frozen and stored without loss of activity Thiouric Acid dissolved in a few seconds Thymus Cells completely disrupted in 15 seconds Tissue Culture Cells completely disrupted in a few seconds To avoid damage to free organelles and to obtain intact lyososomes use low power at short exposure Toxin and Antitoxin one example of many Toxin preparation of whole cell lystate WCL
15. es and condition of the probe tip are all very important to overall performance The probe tip is continuously subjected to intense shock waves which cause cavitational erosion of the probe s tip Keeping the tip face smooth and polished will significantly improve sonication efficiency and increase the weekly The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 12 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Check the tightness of the probe periodically with the open end wrenches provided Keep the stud threads and the mating surfaces between the probe and the black front driver clean and dry Check the probe tip for signs of cavitational erosion and pitting Polish the probe tip with a very fine emery cloth or sandpaper 600 to remove any surface scratches or pitting Do not file or grind the probe tips as this could bend or break them Replace probes periodically especially if they no longer tune properly are badly pitted or eroded or if they are bent or cracked Iii REPAIR AND REPLACEMENT A Return of Equipment All requests for repairs and replacement parts should be directed to the Instrument Service Department of VirTis at 800 431 8232 Always provide Model Number and Serial Number of both the generator and convertor with all requests for parts or service In order to receive prompt attention contact the Service Department and obtain an RGA Return Goods Authorization
16. for chromato graphic separation Phosphatidate Phosphohydrolase the most potent inhibitors for this enzyme were obtained by making five dispersions Phospholipid Micelles produced stable prepara tions for an indefinite period Plant Cells 30 packed plant cells W V and distilled water depending on type can be completely disrupted in 1 15 minutes Plant Tissue 1 gm dried tissue suspended in alcohol was disintegrated in about 5 minutes Platelets completely disrupted depending on size from 20 seconds to 4 minutes Pneumococci preserved in formalin for several years completely disrupted in 6 minutes Polio Virus excellent disruption The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 17 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Powders are broken down to a small relatively uniform particle size PPLO completely disrupted in 2 minutes Propionobacteria releases sulphydro groups intact 70 ml of 20 suspension processed 10 minutes Propionibacterium Shermanii 2 minutes for extraction for citrate synthose Proteus excellent disruption Pseudomonas Aeruginosa rapid completely disrupted Pseudomonas Fluorescens 2gm wet weight in 10 ml completely disrupted in 1 minute Pulmonary Cytodiagnosis the mucus in sputum can be evenly dispersed affording a quick representative sample of cells for cytologic examination Cells are liberated from the mucus of s
17. his equipment Observe the following WARNINGS High voltage is present in the generator power supply convertor and high frequency cable Do NOT attempt to remove the generator cover or convertor case Do not touch open connection with power engaged Do NOT operate generator with convertor disconnected The VIRSONIC 100 Ultrasonic Homogenizer must be properly grounded with a 3 prong plug Test electrical outlet for proper grounding before plugging in unit Install the VIRSONIC 100 in an area free from excessive dust dirt explosive and corrosive fumes and from extreme temperature and humidity NEVER touch a vibrating horn or probe NEVER immerse the convertor in liquids of any kind Refer to the enclosed safety reminder The VirTis Company AN SP INDUSTRIES COMPANY 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 12525 3 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual SAFETY REMINDER VirTis has supplied the laboratory and research industry with VIRSONIC 100 to handle a wide variety of applications As with any product of this kind some applications are more severe than others resulting in our equipment being subjected to harsh environments and aggressive handling Safety precautions regarding the operation and handling of high voltage equipment is prominently indicated in the instruction manual This letter serves as a safety reminder to the operators of the VIRSONIC 100 to visually and physically
18. icate Be sure to clean the tip before sonicating another sample since protein released from cell material acts like a wetting agent and tends to promote foaming Once foaming occurs reduce power below the cavitation level before proceeding If the foam persists the sample may have to be discarded 4 The highest intensity energy is concentrated directly under the tip and dissipates within 1 4 6mm from the tip Liquids and suspended solid to be processed must circulate freely in this zone Whole tissue should first be finely divided or homogenized roughly in a mechanical device such as a laboratory blender or rotary homogenizer before being sonicated Small pieces of tissue can be sonicated whole if trapped directly under the probe tip 5 Operation with optional Plug in Timer 6 The timer allows the probe to be activated for a specific period of time between 1 to 15 minutes At the end of the timed cycle the probe will be inactive indefinitely the power to the unit remains on however The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 11 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual For timed operation Turn the power control knob to zero Turn the power switch on Allow digital reading to stabilize at 0 0 Place the probe into your sample at mid depth Insert Timer plug into the footswitch socket on rear panel of generator Adjust the power setting to the appropriate intensity
19. iers average particle size is usually well under 1 micron Sterile emulsions can be prepared by ultrasonic treatment for feeding to germ free animals Enterococcus excellent disruption Erwina Cartovara completely disrupted in 1 2 minutes depending on cell concentration Erythrocytes easily disrupted in a few seconds Euglena Gracilis completely disrupted in a few seconds to isolate chloroplasts Eugoena 90 disruption in 8 minutes with pigment released Completely disrupted in 12 minutes Extraction excellent for oils fats and lipids alkaloids Fasciola Hepatica completely disrupted in less than 1 minute Fax Extraction fat may be emulsified without injuring tissue with proper power selection Lipid layer can be stripped from spores and mycrobacteria Fibrin complete suspension 1 8gm in 30 minutes Fish Gill 20 mg completely disrupted in 30 seconds Fish Tissue tissue homogenization for extractions excellent particle size reduction 8 minutes per 10 gm Fluorocarbons extended treatment time will break down particle size to well under 1 micron and gives a fine homogenate Fossils low power will clean debris from delicate fossils without injury Micro fossils such as pollen can be separated from rocks to help identify the geological age of the strata Removal of the rock matrix Fuel Oil and Water permanent emulsions without wetting agents can be formed on continuous flow basis Gamma Globul
20. in ultrasonic disruption is used to solubilize protein as one of the steps in the biosynthesis of gamma globulin from rabbit spleen Gangliosides immunochemical and structure studies were aided by an ultrasonic treatment as one step during the procedure Gastric Mucosa placing scrapings into a test tube immersed in Cup Horn permitted these cells to be separated and not broken Germ Free ultrasonic disruption is a good method for preparing sterile emulsions fed to germ free animals Graphite Molybdenum Disulfide an excellent dispersion of this lubricant was made in silicate binder Guanine produced colloidal suspension in 1 minute Gymnodinium completely disrupted 10 ml solution in 6 minutes Heart Muscle completely disrupted 1 gm in 6 minutes HeLa Cells disrupted to free virus in a few seconds without injury Hemophilus Pertussis prepared an immunological compound Herpes Virus may be quickly released without injury Histoplasma Capsulatum disruption for 7 minutes completely ruptured cells prepared by formalin fixation Good enzyme activity was obtained Human Serum Proteins ultrasonic disruption caused a reproducible change in the elctrophoretic behavior of normal human serum consisting of an increase in material of migrating in the x and b globulin zones with a reduction in the aloumin and y globulin fractions Hydrocortisone smaller crystals were produced by disruption Hydrophilic Vegeta
21. inspect the unit to insure optimum and safe performance This inspection should be scheduled as a routine maintenance procedure and done with the VIRSONIC 100 in the OFF position with the unit unplugged from the AC power source Long exposure to acids or caustics results in corroding metal parts or components Check the rear of the generator convertor and cables for any signs of rust or discoloration If discoloration is found move the VIRSONIC 100 away from the source of the contaminant Examine the condition of the high voltage cable which attaches the convertor to the power supply Inspect the wire insulation for damage such as burning from hot plate contact or wear or breakage from extended use or rough handling Inspect the cable connectors by gently pulling on the wire while holding the body of the connector The cable connector and rubber boot protector at the end of the cable should be tight to the wire with no movement possible and no cracks or frayed ends visible Do not subject the cable ends to severe bending loads while performing these tests Return the convertor assembly immediately if your cable does not pass the above inspection Should the convertor cable assembly be subjected to misuse such as dropping or a severe pulling force on the wire itself the cable must be inspected as above Should the VIRSONIC 100 stop functioning or if it cannot be tuned shut the unit off and inspect cable as above BEFORE any other action is
22. lucosamine muramic acid alanine glutamic acid and lysine Catecholamine can be extracted from heart muscle through disruption Cellumonas Biazotea disruption obtained with retention of malate dehydrogenase activity Chemical and Physical Reactions accelerated by ultrasonic disruption as are enzymatic processes Chicken Sperm 30 ml completely disrupted in 2 minutes Chlorella 10 ml completely disrupted minutes Chloroplasts disrupted in a few seconds Cholesterol apparent permanent suspension in 1 minute in water Chromatography prior ultrasonic treatment of absorbant in any convenient solvent for a few seconds eliminates aggregates and results in a uniform easily packed column Clostridium completely disrupts all types Coagulase Globulin disruption before precipitation yields much more enzyme Collagen an excellent fragmentation Colletotrichum Capsici Spores 5 ml with 6 million spores ml completely disrupted in 4 minutes Corticosteriod particle size can be reduced to approximately 5 microns Large volumes can be treated at the rate of approximately 30 ml minute on a continuous flow basis Corynebacterium completely disrupted in 4 minutes with 50 protein release and excellent enzyme activity Cryptococus Laurentii completely disrupted in 7 minutes with good protein release and enzyme activity Cryptostroma Corticale Maple Bark Spores concentrated 6cc solution complete
23. ly disrupted in 14 minutes Crystal Reduction large crystals of an organic compound suspended in isopropanol can be reduced in diameter by 10 to 40 Cyanidium Caldarium concentrated 5 ml solution completely disrupted in 6 minutes Decalcify bone may be decalcified without injury to the cells processed for microscopic sections and diagnosed in a short time as opposed to several days or even a week by other methods Dental Plaques 5 ml solution concentration 1 to 10 000 low power setting 53 500 000 organisms per ml were obtained in 45 seconds Desulfovibrio Vulgaris in less than 30 seconds TCA enzymes were released Diplococcus completely disrupted in 5 minutes DNA breaks chains on low power instantly Controlled degradation may be obtained Dyes excellent rapid dispersion and homogenization E Coli 2 gm wet weight in 10 ml solution completely disrupted in 40 seconds Egg Whites can be reduced to homogeneous pipettable solution in 15 seconds on low power Ehrlich Ascites completely disrupted in a few seconds Electron Microscopy used to clean apertures Embryonic Duodenum 1 ml sample is easily homogenized in 15 seconds with a microtip The VirTis Company 815 Route 208 Gardiner NY 15 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Emulsions 10 ml of most light mixtures become semi permanent emulsions in about 1 minute without emulsif
24. ng shellfish without destroying the animals Shigella quick disruption Skin completely disrupted 1 gm in 4 minutes Epidermal homogenates can be extracted that are able to respire and utilize substrate Soil separated solid particles without the use of oxidents acids or peptizing agents and yielded stable suspensions Sperm Human tails are broken instantly heads are broken in 20 minutes The VirTis Company 815 Route 208 Gardiner 18 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Sputum cancer cells are more easily detected after ultrasonic treatment due to even dispersion of cells and sputum and complete liberation of the cells from sputum Staphylococcus concentrated solution 15 ml 98 disruption in 10 minutes With 1 gm cells wet weight to 2 gm water 54 5 mg ml of protein was released Starch obtained by extracting from green plant leaf homogenate Streptococcus Group A 20 suspension in 15 ml solution disrupted in 15 minutes Streptomyces monocellular elements from surface grown colonies obtained in 1 minute 50 disruption in 2 minutes Completely disrupted in 5 minutes Sub Cellular Particles may be separated or broken depending upon power selection and length of time Sulfanilamide dispersed in less than 1 minute Continued processing produced complete disruption Sulfapyridine excellent dispersion in less than 1 minute Continu
25. ntal Pollution Degree 1 Temperature Limits 50 F 110 F 10 C 48 C Barometric Pressure Unlimited Note In high vacuum areas additional cooling provisions may be needed Contact factory Accessories Use only accessories and probes listed in the catalog by the manufacturer as suitable for use with this appliance Do not attempt to fabricate ultrasonic tooling or accessories unless approval has been obtained from the manufacturer in advance The VirTis Company AN SP INDUSTRIES COMPANY 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 12525 5 800 431 8232 914 255 5000 Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual l INSTALLATION WARNING High voltage is present in the generator power supply convertor and high frequency cable Do Not attempt to remove the generator cover or convertor case Do Not touch any open cable connections on the unit while the power is turned on A Power Requirements The generator requires a single phase grounded three wire 115V or 220V 50 60 Hz source unless otherwise fitted and has a 3 ampere fuse for 115V service or a 11 2 ampere fuse for 220V service There is select switch on the rear panel of the generator to set voltage for 115V 92 140 RMS or 220V 200 240VRMS service CAUTION Do Not operate a unit set for 115V service on a 220V line or operate a unit set for 220V service on a 115V line WARNING The electrical line cord is equipped with a 3 prong gro
26. putum that had been immersed in 50 alcohol or fixative Ragweed Pollen 15 ml solution completely disrupted in 11 minutes Rat Bone 1 2 gm completely disrupted in 4 minutes Rat Liver completely disrupted in 3 minutes Rat Liver Mitochondria completely disrupted in seconds Rat Skin completely disrupted 1 gm in 4 mnutes Red Cells disruption breaks particle size to 100 Angstroms Complete disruption in 1 minute 25 gms 100 ml saline or plasma sample treated 15 seconds 35 disruption Adenosine triphosphate as shown to be membrane bound by this method Reovirus dissociates cell bound and aggregated virus Maximum titer with 4 ml of virus was achieved in 2 minutes Retinal Outer Segments broke particles down to Imost molecular size Rhodopseudomonis Palustris completely disrupted in 4 minutes Rhodospirillum Rubrum completely disrupted in a few seconds Rimosus monocellular elements from surface grown colonies obtained in 1 minute Completely disrupted in 5 minutes 50 disruption in 2 minutes RNA rapid and thorough re suspension of 9 PCA pellets during extractions Rocks excellent for disaggregation of sedimentary rock Excellent for cleaning material rock surfaces between polishing stages Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Baker s Yeast 9 gm pressed yeast in 18 ml buffer completely disrupted in 8 minutes Protein release 52 mg ml from an aged sample Saliva Glands completely disrupted
27. rtor vibrates in the longitudinal direction and transmits this motion to the MICROPROBE which is immersed in the biological or liquid process solution Cavitation results in which microscopic vapor bubbles are formed momentarily and implode causing powerful shock waves to radiate throughout the sample from the tip face MICROPROBES amplify the longitudinal vibration of the convertor higher amplification or gain results in more intense cavitational action and greater disruption The convertor is tuned to vibrate at a fixed frequency of 22 5 kHz MICROPROBES are resonant bodies also tuned to vibrate at 22 5 kHz any change in mass or geometry can disturb the resonant frequency and cause failure or damage to the convertor or generator Description of Major Components 1 GENERATOR also known as the power source includes the operating controls and power indicator an On Off switch and separable three wire grounded line cord with integral U S plug or Europlug fuse and high frequency cable connector 2 CONVERTOR also known as the transducer includes the transducer crystals housing and front driver first stage of acoustic amplification with 14 20 threaded hole for the MICROPROBE 3 MICROPROBE also known as the probe or tip resonant body with 14 20 stud serving as a second stage of acoustic amplification Description of Operating Controls and Power Indicator The front panel contains the Wattmeter with Digital LC
28. sion test The extract was estimated to contain 12 75 mg protein per ml by Blaret reaction Myeloma Tumor Cells completely disrupted in 10 minutes 30 disruption in 2 minutes Myleran made collodial suspension and dissolved in approximately 1 minute Naegleri Gruberi this free living soil amoeba was processed to release subcellular infectious material N Crassa nuclease was isolated and purified from conidial extracts after 5 minute treatment Neurospora 40 ml processed 4 minutes produced more protein than freeze thawing for study of enzymatic synthesis of cystathionine Nocardia Ostenodes disrupted in less than 10 minutes Nucleoprotein extracted from tissue May be degraded selectively Oil and Water Emulsions permanent stable emulsions in a few seconds Particle size reduced to less than 1 2 micron each case slightly different Oil in water water in oil phases can be obtained in same vessel Continuous flow process is available Oyster Shell small clean hole can be drilled with microtip in 3 minutes without cracking Paracolon completely disrupted Parasites easily separated from red cells in a few seconds Pasteurella Pestis completely disrupted 20 ml in 30 minutes using high power Penicillium completely disrupted in 3 minutes Pesticides ultrasonic treatment resulted in a 16 fold improvement in the potency of the antigen used with Microcrystalline cellulose as a thin layer adsorbent
29. suspension was disrupted for 10 minutes and centrifuged at 36 000 Xg for 10 minutes Anthracis 80 disruption in 4 minutes 10ml of eryisipelothrix rhusipathiae was completely disrupted in 10 minutes B Cereus Veg Cells completely disrupted in a few seconds B Cereus Spores disruption in 6 ml 13 minutes Megaterium Spores concentrated 6 ml solution Complete breakage in 15 minutes Stereothermophilis Spores completely B B disrupted in 2 minutes Subtilis disruption of 5 gm wet weight 15 ml buffer in 5 minutes Subtilis Veg Cells heavy suspension clears in 1 minute Baker s Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae 9gm pressed yeast in 18 ml buffer completely disrupted in 8 minutes Protein release 52 mg ml from an aged sample Blastomyces Dermatitidis 95 disruption in 3 minutes Blood Cells red and white cells can be disrupted in a few seconds Boll Weevil Tissue complete homogenization in a few seconds Bone compact bone can be ultrasonically processed for microscopic sections in minutes as opposed to several days or even a week of other methods Bone specimens treated in this way yielded large numbers of intact cells with little distortion Malignant criteria were easily recognized Tumor types studied osteosarcoma chondrosarcoma liposarcoma chordoma metastatic bronchogenic squamous and benign giant Bone can be decalcified without injury to the cells in a short time
30. t the back of the unit draws in cool air from the room to provide radiant and convectional cooling of the internal components Therefore do not block the fan inlet Position the generator so that air flows freely around the entire case The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 7 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 es The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual AZ aX PROBE REST 6 POWER i ADJUSTMENT KNOB CONVERTER CABLE Z f VIRSONIC 100 rs 5 POWER OUTPUT 3 DISPLAY N 7 OUTPUT POWER CONVERTER VIRUS WATTS RMS 2 ON OFF SWITCH Pn AO PROBE CONTINUOUS Pa 9 10 PROBE WRENCH FOR PROBE ie QUANTITY TWO 2 3 _ PULSING SWITCH T VOLTAGE SWITCH DO NOT USE 16 15 PROBE CABLE REAR PANEL LAYOUT CONNECTION 1 i 1 1 12 COOLING FAN FOOTSWITCH CONNECTION 9 13 POWER CABLE CONNECTION The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual OPERATION A Principle of Ultrasonics The generator power supply converts conventional 50 60 Hz AC line power to 22 5 kHz electrical energy which is fed to the convertor where it is transformed to mechanical vibration The heart of the convertor is a lead zirconate titanate electrostrictive piezoelectric crystal which when subjected to an alternating voltage expands and contracts The conve
31. unding plug Do_ NOT remove the grounding prong under any circumstances The plug must be plugged into a mating 3 prong grounded outlet NOTE ONLY use IEC approved fuses Do NOT use slow blow fuses or fuses rated above the amperage noted Cleaning Instructions The generator and convertor may be cleaned using Windex or a similar acid free cleaning solution and an anti static cleaning cloth Probes can be cleaned with isopropyl alcohol and sterilized in an autoclave probes only The VirTis Company e 815 Route 208 e Gardiner NY 800 431 8232 e 914 255 5000 e Fax 914 255 5338 The Virsonic 100 Instruction Manual Inspection Your new VIRSONIC 100 was thoroughly inspected tested and carefully packed before leaving the factory Prior to unpacking carefully inspect the shipping carton for any evidence of damage Claims for loss or damage sustained in transit must be made with the shipping company Unpack the unit from its shipping carton and check the contents against the packing list Before disposing of the packing material check it carefully for small items Report any missing components to VirTis immediately Visually inspect all external controls indicators and surfaces to detect any damage in transit If damage has occurred contact your carrier within 48 hours of delivery date DO NOT OPERATE DAMAGED EQUIPMENT Retain all packing material for future shipment Placement of Equipment A built in fan positioned a
32. y disrupted in 6 minutes Lymphography direct injection lymphography with a modified radiopaque emulsion was obtained by ultrasonic disruption producing lymphatic structure detail Lysosomes released enzymes quickly Malaria Protozoa completely disrupted in seconds Maple Bark Spores completely disrupted in 14 minutes Measles disruption of virus measles antigen clumps present in infected cells on low power Ultrasonic processing increased antigen titer 4 8 fold Methanobacillus Omelianskii completely disrupted for assaying methane 1 gm cells wet weight ml of 0 5M in 2 minutes Microbacterium Lacticum ultrasonic treatment used for malate dehydrogenease extraction Micrococci completely disrupted 13ml solution in 15 minutes Micrococcus Lactiliticus 75 ml of a20 suspension was disrupted in 15 minutes A good yield of the enzyme Xanthine dehydrogenase was extracted Mineral Rock excellent for cleaning surfaces between polishing stages Mitochondria separated from cells without injury Mitochondria themselves can be broken with longer disruption Inner membrane sub units also isolated Muscle Tissue 1 gm homogenized in 4 minutes heart muscle 6 minutes Mycobacteria 20 ml growing media completely disrupted in 14 minutes Clumps broken quickly Prepared an immunological compound Mycoplasma Antibody a suspension of Campo W cells treated for 5 minutes gave 12 lines with the sera in a gel diffu
33. your sample with the tip at mid depth Continuous Operation Switch front panel switch to continuous operation Adjust power setting to the appropriate intensity level for your sample Pulsed Operation Switch to remote on front panel switch Pulse as desired using transducer pulse button switch with appropriate intensity power setting Footswitch Operation Switch front panel switch to continuous Insert footswitch plug into jack on rear of the unit Set desired power intensity level Pulse as desired using footswitch 1 The sides and end of the tip must never be allowed to come in direct contact with the container or hard surface The stress resulting at the point of contact could cause fracture of the MICROPROBE or of the glass container 2 Immerse the tip of MICROPROBE at least 1 to 11 2 deep into the solution without touching the bottom Immersion depth can be less for larger MICROPROBE tips and may have to be more for smaller MICROPROBE tips used at high output control settings 3 Lower the tip into the solution to avoid aerosoling and foaming Aerosoling and foaming generally occur when the tip is not immersed far enough into the solution or if too high of a power setting is used By lowering the tip in the solution decreasing power and reducing solution temperature will normally prevent aerosoling and foaming In severe cases use a narrow test tube and plastic film over the vessel Push the tip through the film to son
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