5. Installation - Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
Contents
1. PS7 19 16 IPind 1 07 UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA DECLARATION OF THESIS UNDERGRADUATE PROJECT PAPER AND COPYRIGHT Author s full name MOHD RIZUAN BIN MAT AMIN Date of birth 14 OCTOBER 1989 Title GSM BASED EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION VIA SMS Academic Session 2011 2012 declare that this thesis is classified as CONFIDENTIAL Contains confidential information under the Official Secret Act 1972 RESTRICTED Contains restricted information as specified by the organization where research was done OPEN ACCESS agree that my thesis to be published as online open access full text I acknowledged that Universiti Teknologi Malaysia reserves the right as follows The thesis is the property of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia The Library of Universiti Teknologi Malaysia has the right to make copies for the purpose of research only The Library has the right to make copies of the thesis for academic exchange Certified by SIGNATURE a OF SUPERVISOR 891014 11 5581 MRS FAREHA BT ABD RAHMAN NEW IC NO PASSPORT NO NAME OF SUPERVISOR Date 5 JULY 2012 Date 5 JULY 2012 NOTES If the thesis 5 CONFIDENTAL or RESTRICTED please attach with the letter from the organization with period and reasons for confidentiality or restriction GSM BASED EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION VIA SMS MOHD RIZUAN BIN MAT AMIN A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of E2. Transmitter Module 433 MHz Receiver module 433MHz Pin of the Decoder Pin of the Encoder Block Diagram for Decoder PT2272 Flow Chart Diagram for PT2272 Block Diagram for Encoder PT2262 Flow Chart Diagram for PT2262 Schematic Diagram for Transmitter and Receiver AC to DC Power Supply GSM Interface GSM RS232 interface SIM Interface MAX232 connection Methodology of Project Coding using MicroC Pro UICOOB and UIC S 21 22 23 24 25 25 26 27 28 29 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 41 42 xi 3 21 4 1 4 2 4 3 44 4 5 X CTU Configuration Completed Circuit Design PIC Test Testing For Sending Actual Message Reset the Circuit Message Has Been Sent To Mobile Phone 43 44 45 46 47 48 xii GSM GPS PIC TX UART USART TTL SMS SIM RFID CDMA AT 2D 3D xiii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Global System for Mobile Communication Global Positioning System Peripheral Interface Controller Transmitter Receiver Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter Transistor Transistor Logic Short Message Service Subscriber Identity Module Radio Frequency Identification Code Division Multiple Access Attention Two Dimension Three Dimension CPU MCU PC PCB xiv Central Processing Unit Microcontroller Unit Personal Computer Printed Circuit Board Radio Freq
3. the person though modem mobile Next is the size of transmitter Because of the transmitter is always carried by person so the size must as small as possible so that there is no one can know the location of the transmitter 41 3 9 Software Development 3 9 MicroC Pro The program for this project has been done using MicoC Pro As said earlier using MicroC Pro are more easily compared with MPLAB Besides that the program is also quite short File Edit View Project Build Run Tools Help char uart rd char cmdi AT2 r n char emd2 AT CMGF 1 r n char cmd3 AT CMGS91 460139153008 Arin char msg i m in danger void main 4 int i70 UART1_Init 115200 Initialize UART module at 115200 bps Delay ms 100 Wait for UART module to stabilize TRISB 0 PORTB 0500000010 UART1 Write Text cmdi Delay ms 1000 UART1 Write Text cmd2 Delay ms 1000 UARIi Write Text cmd3 Delay ms 1000 UART1 Write Text msg Delay ms 2000 UARI1 Write 0x1A UARTi Write OxOD E Messages Quick Converter O v Warnings Figure 3 19 Coding using MicroC Pro 42 3 9 UICO0B Because of this project does not used SK40C so it requires UICOOB with the UIC S to export the hex command into the PIC This UICOOB is low cost and required six way serial programming The connection of the UICOOB and UIC S with the PIC already atta
4. E Yes Address Bits Match Address Bits Match Wes Actvate VT ee Bits still Match Address Bits Still Match Figure 3 11 Flow Chart Diagram for PT2262 Figure 3 10 above describes the operation of the encoder PT2262 The first step is similar to the decoder PT2272 which is in standby mode if there is power supply connected to it Then this encoder will wait the signal from decoder PT2272 If there is no signal coming in it will continue in standby mode After the encoder received the signal from decoder PT2272 it will read the address sending in if the address received 30 is different it will disable the VT valid transmission Then the encoder will enter in the standby mode again After the address receives is match with the encoder s address it will enable the VT The process of matching the address will continue until all bits are correctly sent After all the specification is chosen the transmitter and receiver circuit can be design and constructed RF TX 433MHz lt 2 2 lt U3 RF Ry 233MHz in amp oh 2 gt gt Figure 3 12 Schematic Diagram for Transmitter and Receiver 3 3 4 Testing result for transmitter and receiver circuit 31 Even though this project only use this transmitter and receiver circuit just to trigger the PIC but it is still need to be tested so that we know this circuit are functioning well and can be act as wire
5. jumper as shown below Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 13 ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual U ICO0B 28 pin Microcontroller e Plug in the microcontroller at the upper portion of the ZIF socket and select 28 pins at label 28 40 Pins using mini jumper as shown below gt gt a gt a AN gt Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 14 Cytr ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual UICO0B 18 pin Microcontroller Plug in the microcontroller at the lower portion of the ZIF socket and select 18 pins at label 18 Pins using mini jumper as shown below 3 E 83 al To P TII Im www cytron com my www C p E d m PWR PWR 28 40 Pins 28 40 Pins Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 15
6. lot of software that can be used to program the PIC For examples are MPLAB IDE and MicroC Pro These two programs are basically used to program the PIC and also change the command into the Hex format 2 5 4 MicroC Pro MicroC Pro is one of the product produce by Microchip It is a full featured ANSI C compiler for PIC and a best solution to develop coding for the PIC It provides examples along with tutorial thus learning the coding process becomes easier Compared to the MPLAB the coding quit lent because of all the parameters must be defined first But the MicroC Pro is simpler The programming process not only easy but it has shorter coding which have the same function as the command in the MPLAB The main function of the designing the MicroC Pro is to provide the programmer with the easiest possible solution in order to develop applications for embedded system Besides that the performance of the system also maintained while using this software There are a lot of improvements have been done in the IDE for MicoC Pro Some changes have done to make this software more compatible compared to IDE MPLAB For example this software have fixed the error in Code explore Normally code explorer will define error if there are no brackets put after void command but with this MicroC Pro there is no error if there are no brackets 17 Figure 2 7 MikroC PRO for PIC IDE 2 6 Radio Frequency RF Transmission The dista
7. the modem s attention Besides modem mobile HyperTerminal also use the AT command There are a lot of AT commands that can be used to for the GSM modem But for this project the commands that will be used are only focus on sending and receiving text message only The software that will be used to implement the AT commands is PIC Basic Pro The table below shows several of the AT command Table 2 1 Examples of the AT command for SMS To read a text message GSM function can also be obtained from mobile phone It is because mobile phone is one of the GSM devices But to make it function as GSM modem it needs a lot of modification Therefore the used of GSM modem are more preferred There are some benefits of using this GSM modem such as i GSM modem are low cost compared to mobile phone ii Easier to operate without doing any modification iii It is compact and have a nice look with the silver casing iv Easier to interface with the PIC Have its standard power adapter with the standard power supply and come up with the modem cable 2 3 Global Position System GPS Module The Global Positioning System GPS is a satellite based navigation system made up of a network of 24 satellites placed into orbit by the U S Department of Defense GPS was originally intended for military applications but in the 1980s the government made the system available for civilian use GPS works in any weather conditions an
8. 1 1 Basic Block Diagram of the Emergency Notification System 1 3 Problem Statement Nowadays many cases of snatch theft occurred in our country and it becomes the serious issues There are lots of articles in the newspapers and on the internet to show the seriousness of the offence of snatch theft On January 30th 2005 our nation s leading newspapers namely Berita Minggu and The Star had reported snatch theft crimes which had happened near Ipoh Perak The suspect had snatched the bag from a sixty year old woman at a shopping mall at Jalan Kampar as the woman was walking to her car The twenty years old thief who had tried to escape in his car also knocked down a man who suffered minor injuries The suspect ran through the traffic lights and collided with two cars This has caused him to lose control of his vehicle which then hit the road sign The suspect then was detained 17 According to the statistic of the theft in Malaysia snatch theft has recorded the third highest of the theft cases in Malaysia It has been recorded from year 2000 until year 2006 The snatch theft were seeing drop since year 2003 from 15798 cases to 9551 cases in 2006 or equivalent to a drop of 39 5 15 Because of that situation it is necessary to develop a system that can alert someone about the snatch theft incident by sending a short message SMS by pressing one button m Satellite V X 2 7 j j j j j j j Mobil
9. EF RA4 TOCKI C10UT X RAS ANA SS C2OUT X RBO INT RB1 X RB2 4 DX RB3 PGM RB4 RBS RB6 PGC RB7 PGD RCO T1OSO TICKI RC1 T1OSI CCP2 RC2 CCP1 RC3 SCK SCL RC4 SDI SDA RCS SDO RC6 TX CK RC7 RX DT RDO PSPO RD1 PSP1 RD2 PSP2 RD3 PSP3 X RD4 PSP4 5 5 RD6 PSP6 RD7 PSP7 REO RD ANS RE1 WR ANG RE2 CS AN7 Synchronous Data EEPROM Serial Port Program Fast ous EEPROM PIC16F874A 4 192 Bytes 128 Bytes PIC16F877A 368 Bytes 256 Bytes Note 1 Higher order bits are from the Status register ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual UICO0B APPENDIX D 6 INSTALLATION HARDWARE This section will show the connection during UICOOB usage 6 1 Using with application circuit development board 1 Connect A type USB connector one end of USB cable to USB port at laptop or PC desktop 2 Connect another end of USB cable mini to UICOOB USB port Power supply indication green LED will light ON Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 9 ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual 00 3 Continue to software installation if this is the first time usage Refer to section 6 for software installation guide MD 4 Connect one side of programming cable to box header of UICOOB and the other side to box header of development board target device to be progra
10. VCC GND 5 TIOUT C1 fu RIOUT TAIN 72007 R2IN R20UT MALE DB9 PORT FOR GPS MODULE KSSS C3 y MALE DB9 PORT FOR GSM MODEM Figure 3 17 MAX232 connection 37 3 6 Flow Chart Research variable techniques for being the detection that can inform the person are in danger Software write the Assemble hardware programing for the PIC microcontroller by using transmitter and receiver PIC 16F877A modem mobile Modify or troubleshoot the program and hardware Figure 3 18 Methodology of Project 38 Figure 3 11 above shows the flowchart of the methodology to conduct the project The first step 1s doing the search and study about the previous project or any other articles relevant paper and publication that related to this project This project can be divided into two parts which is software part and hardware part For the hardware part it is important to know what types of components those want to be used in this project For example is PIC microcontroller Microcontroller is the most important part that will act like a brain of this system It will control the system according to the program that already stored to it While the software part are more on program the PIC by using C language C language is the best in term of performance when compared with Java or other language Besides that the C language is not too difficult to learn in comparison to Java Next the
11. a that from GPS to the memory card 2 Next the commercial product that already widely used is panic alarm Panic alarm is an electronic device designed to assist in alerting somebody in the emergency situations where a threat to persons or property exists Normally panic alarm will used in critical system such as a nuclear weapon system It is used to quickly activate an extreme measure to mitigate an emergency situation Panic alarm has a unique system This system can be used with elderly and vulnerable family member The system will dial out up to 3 programmed telephone contact after a button is pressed 2 Refer to appendix A for complete user manual of the panic alarm Figure 2 1 Phone Dialing Panic Alarm 16 2 2 GSM Modem B IDEM Figure 2 2 GSM Modem GSM stands for Global System for Mobile Communications and is the most popular mobile phone standards commonly used in the world 13 Normally GSM modem has built in antenna and has a slot The function of that slot is to insert the SIM card This SIM card is used to get the signal from telecommunication provider such as Celcom Maxis and Digi GSM modem also can be found in the mobile phones as long as the mobile phone is using GSM and not The GSM Modem terminal uses a specific programming language or a set of commands called AT Commands from the HAYES AT commands created by Dennis Hayes 7 AT stands for attention which means the commands will attract
12. ch at Appendix D Figure 3 20 UICOOB and UIC S 43 3 9 3 X CTU X CTU is software provide by Digi It is a windows based application This software has been design to test the RF product from Digi Because of my project also used RF to send the data so it is suitable for me to test the circuit and also the operation in the PIC using X CTU X CTU can either download from Digi s web site or from the installation CD 0 21 PC Setting Range Test Teminal Modem Configuration Line Status Assert Close Assemble Clear Hide GIS 000058 71 777 frek EA Packet 0 26 2B 28 4F 4B OD Figure 3 21 X CTU Configuration From the figure above there are two colors which are blue and red Blue colors the data types from computer and directed out to the communication port UART port Next is the red color The red color means the incoming data from communication port of the PIC to the RS232 connection Normally to do this testing it requires DB9 connection or commonly known as RS232 CHAPTER 4 RESULTS AND DISCUSION In this chapter the circuit design is being tested and the failure of the circuit is being troubleshooted The steps for the testing are shown in this part 4 1 Project Hardware The completed hardware design is shown as below P Figure 4 1 Completed Circuit Design 45 4 2 Project Test on Software Before the project is being fabr
13. damental theories of the part that will be used in the project The parts discussed in the project are GSM mobile GPS module PIC microcontroller and mobile phone Besides that this chapter will also explain the universal asynchronous receiver transmitter UART which is used at to connect the GPS and GSM MAX232 and microC Pro 2 1 Related Works There are several studies have been done before to develop similar emergency system project These previous projects can be used as references to develop methodology and instruments used with some modification The first project is from Khafidha Binti Adi Azahar 4 who designed RFID tagged services using GPS and SMS for tracking purposes This project focused on tracking the packages brought by the delivery lorry To make that possible each package was tagged by RFID electronic tag She used passive RFID instead of bar code because RFID electronic tags do not require a visual scan and can carry significantly more information Bar coding is almost everywhere these days but it requires a close and accurate visual scan by a bar code reader RFID tags on the other hand require only that the package be within radio frequency range of the RFID receiver or RFID interrogator The other previous work that is related to this project is Smart Vehicle Data Logger Using GPS and GSM This project has been done by Wan Mohd Amir Haris Bin Wan Sallehuddin The objective of this project is to store the dat
14. e Phone Figure 1 2 System Diagram 1 4 Objective The objective of this project is to design an alert system which can send a short message SMS about an emergency that had occurred Referred to the figure 1 2 above the detector is an emergency button Tx consist of transmitter and receiver transceiver which will activate the GSM based device and send emergency message that already programmed in the PIC That person does not have to type any words but just press the button and the message will be sent automatically 1 5 Scope of Study Figure 1 2 shows the block diagram for the system It consists of four main components which are GPS module transmitter and receiver Rx and Tx PIC microcontroller and GSM mobile The transmitter Tx will be hold by the person that will be used to press the button when emergency occur The signal will receive by the receiver Rx and it will be activated the PIC microcontroller The PIC stores the data from GPS module and the transceiver The data will be sent to the user via SMS using GSM mobile The distance for emergency button Tx and Rx are limited less than 100m if it is in line of sight Emergency button Tx 100m or less Figure 1 3 Distance between Tx and Rx CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE REVIEW Literature review consists of previous related to the project information articles and theories that make up the whole project This chapter highlights the basic concepts and the fun
15. e switch is pressed to reset the circuit Ta LED OFF when the switch is pressed Figure 4 4 Reset the Circuit 48 Figure 4 5 Message Has Been Sent To Mobile Phone From the figure 4 5 we can say that this project is able to send the emergency message to the mobile phone with only one button is pressed But there is no message for location such as longitude and latitude are being sent CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS 5 1 Introduction of Conclusion The aim of this project is to send the SOS message that can alert the receiver about the danger For the conclusion this project has been successfully designed and tested The message can be sent to the user when the button is pressed The system needs to create the interface between receiver 433MHz GSM modem and GPS module This entire element is being controlled by microcontroller that will act as the brain of this project The microcontroller will control the message sending when receives the signal from receiver 433MHz For longitude and latitude this design is not completed yet because the system is unable to send the message with the data that already read by the GPS It is because there are some errors in the programing related to the GPS module But the system still can send the message i m in danger 5 2 Project limitation recommendation This project has several limitations that can be improved For example is the distance between transmi
16. eiver module In this project the transmitter and receiver must use the same frequency There are only two frequencies provided by Cytron which is 315MHz and 433MHz For this project the frequency use is 433MHz This RF transmitter and receiver are very small in dimension Besides that it has wide range of voltage 3V 12V This low cost transmitter and receiver can be used up to 100 meters the antenna design working environment and supply voltage will seriously impact the effective distance This RF module can receive both in digital and serial manners This RF module comes without antenna The length of antenna is depending on the frequency used For this module the length of antenna is 18cm Antenna Figure 3 3 The Length of Antenna Is 18cm Figure 3 4 Transmitter Module 433 MHz Table 3 1 Description Transmitter Pin Label Description Data The Data pin of the transmitter VCC The power supply of the transmitter GND The ground of the transmitter ANT The hole to solder and connect antenna 23 GND TOR Data GND Figure 3 5 Receiver module 433MHz Table 3 2 Description Receiver Pin Label Description Data The data pin of the receiver VCC The power supply 5v to the receiver GND The ground of the receiver 2 GDN are internally connected each other ANT The hole to solder and connect antenna 3 3 3 Decoder and encoder This pair of transmitte
17. g 65 139 OK Connected 0 01 58 Ako detect 115200 8 N 1 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd All Rights Reserved 3 If SIM card requires switch on password please enter password 4 Read module information AT CGMI Manufacture name AT CGMM Read Module model AT CGMR Read module current SW version information AT CGSN Module serial number B Dial call or receive call Modem doesn t provide voice port even with relevant command 1 Dial call is phone number example ATD1860 2 Call waiting function AT CCWA 3 Hold function AT CHLD 4 Dial latest call number AT CLCC 5 Enter information once connection established DTMF AT VTS 0 9 7 Dial Extension number example 1234 AT VTS 1 AT V TS 2 AT V ST 3 AT V ST 4 6 Receive call ATA 7 Hang off call ATH 8 Incoming call ID AT CLIP 1 9 SMS function 1 Setting up SMS Center number AT CSCA 8613800XXXXXX 145 SMS Center number 8613800XXXXXX 2 TEXT parameter AT CSMP 17 168 0 0 English format AT CSMP 17 168 0 0 Chinese format 3 Send SMS AT CMGS 4 Read single SMS AT CMGR 1 5 List multiple SMS 1 GF 4 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd 6 Delete SMS AT CMGD Example 1 Send English character SMS AT CMGF 1 AT CSMP 17 168 0 0 AT CMGS Telephone number gt Character information Ctr
18. he information about longitude and latitude the information will be send to the GSM modem Then the GSM modem will send the message to the user as an end of receiver iv ABSTRAK Sekarang manusia terdedah kepada bahaya di tepi jalan terutamanya wanita Wanita adalah lebih terdedah untuk menjadi mangsa ragut pencuri Jika kejadian ini berlaku mereka tidak tahu bagaimana untuk menangani keadaan tersebut dan menjadi panik serta merta kehilangan semua perkara penting seperti telefon bimbit lesen memandu dan kadang kadang barang kemas Pada masa seperti ini semua wanita ingin mempunyai alat yang boleh menghantar mesej automatik dan serta merta SOS serta merta kepada rakan rapat atau ke balai polis berdekatan Projek ini adalah untuk merekabentuk peranti sedemikian Sejenis alat yang terdiri daripada pemancar kecil modem penerima GPS dan GSM yang boleh digunakan untuk menghantar mesej segera kepada nombor diprapilih dalam masa yang singkat Peranti juga harus memberi maklumat mengenai lokasi sebenar kejadian itu Dalam erti kata lain sistem diwujudkan supaya ia boleh menjadi peranti sandaran jika peranti telekomunikasi seluruh dibawa pergi Mangsa tidak perlu untuk memanggil nombor kecemasan seperti 999 dan menerangkan keadaan atau menulis mesej tetapi dia hanya perlu menekan butang Dalam masa yang pendek mesej auto akan dihantar Sebahagian besar daripada projek ini adalah untuk menulis kod sumber dengan menggunakan bahasa C bahawa m
19. he project Extensive researches related to this project are needed to gain sufficient knowledge and strong understanding about the project Preliminary research is ongoing and done in every stages of developing this project 20 The first stage of the research includes the finding on the information needed so that the objective can be achieved Besides that the research also covers the literature review from journals books and internet that will support to understand more on this project especially the information about the GPS modem mobile and PIC microcontroller 3 3 Components and Tools Identification The main component to build up the system of this project are GPS module that act as GPS receiver modem mobile mobile phone that will receive all the information sent and PIC microcontroller that will process all the gathered information 3 3 1 Protoboard Protoboard or also known as breadboard is a board that normally used in the electronic first design circuit The construction of the breadboard is based for prototyping of the electronic Solder less breadboard is the term that normally used to be referred to this breadboard For this project the circuit is being tested using breadboard and after the entire components are working well the circuit is fabricated 21 Peah Figure 3 1 Breadboard Figure 3 2 Breadboard with Completed Transmitter and Receiver Circuit 22 3 32 Transmitter and rec
20. her overall supports Besides that 1 also thank to Mr Hamdan Phd student at telecom lab because help me a lot while doing the program for the PIC iii ABSTRACT Human nowadays are exposed to the roadside danger especially women Women are especially prone to be the victims of snatch thieves If this incident happens they do not know how to handle the situation and become panic for instantly losing all of the important things such as hand phone driving license and sometimes jewelry At a time like this all women would wish to have a device that can send an auto and immediate SOS message instantaneously to a close friend or to a nearby police station This project is to design such a device A device consists of small transmitter GPS receiver and GSM modem that can be used to send an immediate message to the preselected numbers within a short time The device should also give information on the exact location of the incident In other words a system is created so that it could be a backup device if the entire telecommunication devices are taken away The victim does not have to call the emergency number like 999 and describe the situation or to write a message but she just need to press a button In a short time the auto message will be sent The major part of this project is on writing the source code using C language so that the GPS module and GSM modem can be connected together and functioning well When the GPS module received t
21. iates the maximum speed of the PIC program memory size maximum clock speed and the availability 13 2 4 2 PIC16f877A Figure 2 5 16 877 The pin instruction already attach at the Appendix C The PIC16f877A contains of 8k Read Only Memory ROM This PIC can be program using pin PGM PGC and PGD 8 The number of instruction has been limited to 35 in the mid range PIC Therefore it has been classified as reduce instruction set computer RISC When the power down the data will be stored in nonvolatile user memories block in the PIC MCU For example the data for secure code for smart card reader of code for an electronic The PICI6F877A has 256 bytes for a block which is typical value 14 2 4 3 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UART UART is a communication port that built in the PIC Normally UART will use max232 connection Besides UART there is another communication port that has similar function like UART which is USART USART stand for Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter This serial connection are useful because it only use one or two wire that carries signal for a parallel bus plus control compared with another serial that used at least eight data lines This USART connection only needs three wires which is data send data received and ground wire So there is no separated clock signal is needed Because of that it is called asynchronous 3 Not all the PIC will come up w
22. icated the prototype of the project is tested The program of the PIC is tested using X CTU This is the example just to send Hello to the number 60139153008 About Settings Range Test Terminal Modern Configuration Assert Close Clear i DTA Break Com Port Packet Screen FF 41 54 5A OD 41 54 2B 43 4D 47 46 3D 31 OD 0 41 54 2B 43 4D 47 53 3D 22 2B 36 30 31 33 39 31 35 33 30 30 38 22 OD 0A 48 65 6C 6C 6F 1A Figure 4 2 PIC Test 46 This result shows all the connections for the circuit to the PIC are connected well If the components are not connected well there is no Hello message display or there is wrong mobile phone number 9 About XModem Settings Range Test Terminal Modem Configuration Pde status Aset mam Close Assemble D CD AIS c Com Port Packet Screen Hex M OA 41 54 2B 43 4D 47 46 3D 31 OD 5 0 41 54 28 43 40 47 53 30 22 28 36 60139153008 30 31 33 39 31 35 33 30 30 38 22 00 min 69 27 6D 20 69 GE 20 64 61 GE 67 i danger 65 72 1A Figure 4 3 Testing For Sending Actual Message 47 4 3 Project Test on Prototype board After the test is done using X CTU the GSM modem is connected to the protoboard If the connection for the GSM modem is correct the message can be sent to the mobile phone Th
23. icrocomputer 10 are more used in the controlling system and animation of the machines It does not depend on the size of the machine as long as the microcontroller are suitable for that machine the MCU will be used This microcontroller is one of the technologies that have been developing to help the human to continue miniaturization of electronic hardware There is a lot of microcontroller that has their own function such as PIC Atmel AVR Freescale Colfire and Intel 8051 Normally people like to use PIC or Atmel to do their project The main difference between PIC and Atmel is their function PIC is to reduced instruction set computing which means the instruction can provide higher performance 12 But for the Atmel it is complex instruction set computer based Meaning that a single instruction can execute several low level operations Besides that PIC and Atmel comes from different manufacturer For this project using PIC is more suitable because PIC have built in analog to digital converter ADC This ADC is important for communication port because signal received normally in analog 2 41 PIC microcontroller PIC or peripheral Interface Controller is a type of microcontroller product from Microchip technology PIC is suitable used in wide range and have a lot of attractive features 10 PIC has its own family that is define according to the pin For examples 1s PIC 16 family PIC 18 family and PIC 30 family It also different
24. ith UASRT or UART port Because of that using some simple programming we can define any input output pin to be UART port It is called software UART 2 4 4 MAX232 232 is widely used in order to convert signal from serial port to a signal that suitable use in TTL transistor transistor logic MAX232 normally use in portable computers mow power modems interface translation and multidrop RS 232 network MAX232 use no external component That is why it is recommended where the space is limited in printed circuit board PCB MAX232 used output voltage 5V and is required some external capacitor which are luF The functions of the capacitor that attach to the MAX232 are as protection device Besides that capacitor also used to stabilize the input voltage 15 When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL signal it will convert the signal to the positive and negative value such as when the logic is 0 the TTL change the voltage from 3 to 15 and when the logic is 1 and the output voltage is 3 to 15V AVNPUT 0 TOP VIEW 7 5 T V 16 Vot CH amu 0 VOLTAGE DOUBLER 0 ANTO y 2 VOLTAGE INVERTER TTU CMOS INPUTS RS 232 OUTPUTS DIP SO 05 232 CAPACITANCE uF TIUCMOS DEVICE Ci C2 O C4 C5 OUTPUTS 220 47 47 10 10 47 MAX232 10 10 10 10 10 MAX232A 01 01 01 01 01 Figure 2 6 Pins Configuration and Typical Operation Circuit for MAX232 16 2 5 Software Development There is a
25. l z Example 2 Send Chinese character SMS AT CMGF 1 AT CSMP 17 168 0 8 AT CMGS Telephone number gt Chinese character information Ctrl z 10 Chinese character information is Unicode All Rights Reserved APPENDIX C Pin Instruction and Internal Architecture for PIC16877A 40 Pin PDIP 1 40 1 lt RB7 PGD RAO ANO 2 39 RB6 PGC RAT AN1 e 3 38 0 RB5 RA2 AN2 VREF CVREF A 4 a7 RB4 RA3 ANS VREF4 5 36 RB3 PGM RAA TOCKI C1TOUT 6 35 1 RB2 RAS AN4 SS C20UT 7 34 RBI REO RD ANS e 8 33 0 RET WR AN6 9 20 VoD RE2 CS AN7 10 31 4 vss VOD 11 30 0 RD7 PSP7 VSS 12 29 4 RD6 PSP6 OSC1 CLKI A 13 28 M _ RD5 PSP5 OSC2 CLKO 14 RD4 PSP4 0 11050 e 15 26 RC7 RX DT RC1 TIOSI CCP2 16 25 RC6 TX CK RC2 CCP1 7 24 RC5 SDO RC3 SCK SCL 18 23 e RC4 SDI SDA RDO PSPO 19 22 1 RD3 PSP3 RD1 PSP1 e 20 21 0 RD2 PSP2 PIC16F874A 877A Program Bo 4 Power up Timer Oscillator Start up Timer Power on Reset Watchdog Timer OSC1 CLKI Brown out OSC2 CLKO Fasal In Circuit Debugger Low Voltage Programming MCLR VoD Vss RAM File Registers poem X RAO ANO RA1 AN1 RA2 AN2 VREF CVREF RA3 AN3 VR
26. less switch 1 It is also known as remote Table 3 4 Testing Result TRANSMITTER RECCEIVER S0 51 52 0 D1 D2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 From the result above it can say that this transmitter and receiver circuit is working well But for this project we want to use only one output that can trigger the PIC to send the message So we set SO 1s high and the rest are low Then the DO are connected to one of the I O pin of the PIC 3 3 5 Power Supply To make the PIC function very well it requires a suitable power source Because of that a power supply that has output voltage 5V is used in this project The power supply is one type of the step down transformer In this project the AC voltage are being step down to 5V DC voltage If there is no power supply that can gives the output 5V 32 we also can use 12V DC or 9V DC but it required voltage regulator 5V to step down the voltage until 5V Figure 3 13 AC to DC Power Supply 3 4 GSM Modem 3 4 11 GSM Modem interface Description 1 This GSM has one serial port that used 3 3V TTL voltage level RS232 Voltage level optional with the bit rate 115200bps 33 2 The power supply for this GSM modem is 7 5V with 500mA using direct current DC 3 It has antenna interface so that it can received from the mobile station 4 It has a status light that indica
27. m Use external power for the target board UICOOB cannot support large power usage Caution USB port current limit is 150mA If the target and UICOOB exceed this current limit the UICOOB board might be damaged The target board should be powered externally Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 1 ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual 00 6 2 Using UIC00B with UIC S optional buy separately 1 Connect A type USB connector one end of USB cable to USB port at laptop or PC desktop 2 Connect another end of USB cable mini to UICOOB USB port Power supply indication green LED will light ON 3 Continue to software installation if this is the first time usage Refer to section 6 for software installation guide 4 Connect one side of programming cable to box header of UICOOB and the other side to box header of UIC S board No external power required for UIC S to function Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd All Rights Reserved 11 ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual 00 Created by Cytron Technologies Sdn Bhd Rights Reserved 12 ROBOT HEAD to Technologie Product User s Manual 00 6 2 1 Plugging the microcontroller 40 pin Microcontroller Plug in the microcontroller at the ZIF socket and select 40 pins at label 28 40 Pins using mini
28. nce may be short remote control or long normally radio communication that involve thousand kilometers The range for radio frequency is from a few ten hertz until gigahertz 18 less frequent 5 7 433 5 2 5 B RFID bands MHz MHz GHz Figure 2 8 Frequency Band From the figure above the radio frequency starts from 100MHz until 10GHz That frequency are standardize to the entire world The frequency above is also known as ISM industrial scientific and medical band This frequency is standardizing by ITU ITU R is one of the sectors in International Telecommunication Union CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY This chapter explains more on procedures and process of the overall project that s related to the objective of the project 3 1 Problem Identification and Analysis Before the project can be started the first thing that needs to do is to identify and analysis the problem exist Problem identification may refer to the challenges or problems which will be faced while doing the project and may affect objectives of the project After deciding the suitable title for the project I have to analyze whether this project can help the community or not Besides that I have to understand the importance of integrating the whole system so that the objective of this project can be achieved 3 2 Preliminary Research Preliminary research is the important part of this project Preliminary research can also be called as the backbone of t
29. ngineering Electrical Telecommunication Faculty of Electrical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia JULY 2012 I hereby declare that this thesis entitled GSM Based Emergency Notification via SMS is the result of my own research except cited in the reference The thesis has not been accepted for any degree and is not concurrently submitted in candidature of any other degree Name MOHD RIZUAN BIN MAT AMIN Date 5 JULY 2012 To my parents Mat Amin Bin Sulong amp Late Zainun Binti Ali To my adoptive mother Maimunah bt Ismail To my siblings Kamariah Yusuf Asro Rohayu Mariati To my helpful friends Zaki Shafiq Najib To all my lovely course mates ASET 2011 2012 To my specials Nurul Syazlin Binti Saharin Thank you for always with my side along to complete this journey I very appreciate with your support and help Thank you for all the memories ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Alhamdulillah and thanks to Allah S W T because I can finish my work for final year project with successfully I am very thankful to everyone who all supported me for I have completed my project effectively and moreover on time I am equally grateful to my supervisor Pn Fareha Bt Abd Rahman She gave me moral support and guided me in different matters regarding the topic in how to do my research She had been very kind and patient while suggesting me the outlines of this project and correcting my doubts I thank her for
30. ning System Signals Measurements and Performance Second Edition 2006 Syazana Binti Mustafah RFID Campus Security System Via GSM Bachelor of Electrical Engineering Mechatronics University Technology of Malaysia 2009 52 14 Introduction to the Global Positioning System for GIS and TRAVERSE First U S Publication in June 1996 Corvallis Microtechnology Inc 15 SMALL M Malaysia Crime Statistic 2000 2006 1 from http micpohling wordpress com 2007 05 30 malaysia crime statistic 2000 2006 1 retrieve from Polis Diraja Malaysia website 16 QUICKSAVE Security System Panic Alarms Phone Dialling with neck worn panic pendant and panic button from http www quicksafe co uk phone panic alarm htm 17 Feisal Azmi 2005 December 09 Criminal Snatch retrieved December 12 2005 from http legalstudy blogspot com 2005 12 criminal snatch theft html APPENDIX A PANIC ALARM SYSTEM DAS1100 Yale Distress alertsystem e Alerts friends and family at the press of a button Allowsindependence while keeping you in touch Helps you maintain your active lifestyle User Manual Keep this manual safe for future reference ASSA ABLOY Group brand ASSA ABLOY Step 1 Connection Step 2 Turn on main unit Lift cover at rear of unit Step 3 Red light stops flashing Step 4 Press keyfob button stays lit ID Step 6 Set maximum 3 phone numbers Input phone n
31. odul GPS dan GSM modem boleh disambungkan bersama dan berfungsi dengan baik Apabila modul GPS menerima maklumat tentang longitud dan latitud maklumat akan dihantar ke modem GSM Kemudian modem GSM akan menghantar mesej kepada pengguna sebagai satu matlamat penerima TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER TITLE PAGE TITTLE i DECLARATION ii DEDICATION iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv ABSCTRACT ABSTRAK vi TABLE OF CONTENTS vii LIST OF TABLES xi LIST OF FIGURES xii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS XV 1 INTRODUCTION 1 1 1 Background of Study 1 1 2 Basis of Project 2 1 3 Problem Statement 1 4 Objective 1 5 Scope of Study LITERATURE REVIEW 2 1 Related Works 2 2 GSM Modem 2 3 Global Position System GPS Module 2 4 2 4 1 microcontroller 2 4 2 PIC16f877A 2 4 3 Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter UART 244 MAX232 2 5 Software Development 2 5 1 Pro 2 6 Radio Frequency RF Transmission 11 12 13 14 14 16 16 17 vi METHODOLOGY 3 1 Problem Identification and Analysis 3 2 Preliminary Research 3 3 Components and tools Identification 3 3 1 Protoboard 3 3 2 Transmitter and receiver module 3 3 3 Decoder and encoder 3 3 4 Testing result for transmitter and receiver 3 3 5 Power Supply 34 GSM Modem 3 4 1 GSM Modem interface Description 3 4 2 GSM RS 232 Interface 3 4 3 SIM Interface 35 232 3 6 Flow Chart 3 7 Gantt Chart 3 8 Expected problem 3 9 Software Devel
32. opment 3 9 1 MicroC Pro 3 9 2 UICOOB 19 19 20 20 22 24 31 31 32 32 33 34 35 37 38 40 41 41 42 vii 3 9 3 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 4 1 Project Hardware 4 2 Project Test on Software 4 3 Project Test on Prototype board CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 5 1 Introduction of Conclusion 5 2 Project limitation recommendation REFERENCES APPENDICES 43 44 45 47 49 49 44 viii TABLE NO 2 3 1 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 2 LIST OF TABLES TITLE Examples of the AT command for SMS Description Transmitter Pin Description Receiver Pin Value of Oscillator Resistor Testing Result GSM RS232 Pin Assignment Gantt chart for FYP 1 Gantt chart for FYP 2 PAGE 23 24 25 31 34 39 39 1 FIGURE NO 1 1 1 2 1 3 2 1 24 2 3 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 3 1 LIST OF FIGURES TITLE Basic Block Diagram of the Emergency Notification System System Diagram Distance between Tx and Rx Phone Dialing Panic Alarm GSM Modem GPS module Basic Idea Calculation for Position PIC16f877A Pins Configuration and Typical Operation Circuit for MAX232 MikroC PRO for PIC IDE Frequency Band Breadboard PAGE 10 11 13 15 17 18 21 3 2 3 3 3 4 3 5 3 6 3 7 3 8 Breadboard with Completed Transmitter And Receiver Circuit The Length of Antenna Is 18cm
33. ough it is only simple modification in the programming but it will give major impact to the system 51 References 10 11 12 13 Murniwati Bt Anwar Wireless Notification System For The Hearing Impaired Master of Engineering Electrical Mechatronic amp Automatic Control Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 2007 MicroC PRO for PIC Help Introduction to mikroC version 4 60 2002 2011 Wan Mohd Amir Haris Bin Wan Sallehuddin Smart Vehicle Data Logger Using Global Positioning System And Global System For Mobile Communication Bachelor of Degree Universiti Malaysia Pahang 2008 Khafidha binti Adi Azahar RFID tagged courier services using GPS and SMS for tracking purposes Bachelor of Degree University Technology Malaysia 2008 Martin P Bates programming 8 bit PIC Microcontrollers in C with interactive Hardware Simulation Elsevier Ltd USA 2008 MOD 9001D RS232 GSM GPRS Modem User Manual 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd SIM300 AT Commands Set SIMCOM Limited 2008 Microchip Technology Inc 16 877 Data Sheet USA 2003 M Popa member IEEE and B Suta A Solution For Tracking A Fleet Of Vehicles 2011 Avay V Deshmukh Microcontroller Theory and Application Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company limited New Delhi 2007 W M Fahmi Fathuddin bin Wan Mokhtar Smart Office Using RFID Via PIC and PLC Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 2009 Pratap Misra and Per Enge Global Positio
34. phone number that you want to dial Country region 7 52 States 11 Area code 11 Phone number Connect using 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd All Rights Reserved 3 Setting up port parameters COM1 Properties PE uu Port Settings Bits per second Data bits Parity Stop bits Flow control 4 Setting up property in File Menu of Hyper Terminal 115200 Properties Connect To Settings Function arrow and ctrl keys act as Terminal keys Windows keys Backspace key sends Del Space Ctil amp H Emulation Auto detect Telnet terminal ID ANSI Backsctoll buffer lines 500 C Play sound when connecting or disconnecting ASCII Setup 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd All Rights Reserved ASCII Setup ASCII Sending Send line ends with line feeds C Echo typed characters locally Line delay 0 milliseconds Character delay 0 milliseconds ASCII Receiving Append line feeds to incoming line ends Force incoming data to 7 bit ASCII Wrap lines that exceed terminal width 2 You can input word AT then press Enter key it should be response word OK means work property All commands are executed by pressing Enter key Example as below test HyperTerminal File Edit Yew Cal Transfer Heb Da c3 at csmp 17 168 0 0 OK at cmgs 91986024 7429 gt type any text here and press ctrl z to send the ms
35. r and receiver comes with pair of decoder which is PT2262 for transmitter module and PT2272 L4 for receiver module This decoder also has its own value of resistor that act as oscillator 25 Table 3 3 Value of Oscillator Resistor PT2262 PT2272 47 0 820KQ 3 3MQ 680KQ 1 2MQ 200KQ AOL 7 18 12 DOUT A2 13 18 0502 4 18 10561 M 5 14 ITE AB 18 13 ATt DO ABID5 17 12L ATO DH ATIDAL 8 AB D2 V55l 19 1011 AB D3 PT2202 ze _ PT2282 IR PT2272 M4SIL4S PT2262 518 Figure 3 6 Pin of the Decode Figure 3 7 Pin of Encoder System Timing Control ta Figure 3 8 Block Diagram for Decoder PT2272 26 27 Power On Stand by Mode 4 Words of Address Data Transmitted Still Enable Figure 3 9 Flow Chart Diagram for PT2272 Flow chart in figure 3 8 explains about how the decoder PT2272 operates First when the power is ON the decoder is in standby mode After PT2272 received input 1 it will enable the transmission of the data But if the decoder does not received input 1 it will maintain in the standby mode After the transmission is enabled the data from the input port will be sent These steps will continue as long as the transmission port is enabled 28 Tri State Address Data Detect Output Logic Computer Logic Figure 3 10 Block Diagram for Encoder PT2262 29 Disable VT
36. system must be tested after hardware part is done If the system does not work the system must be troubleshooted and the problem identified The process will be repeated until the project is successful 3 7 Gantt Chart Gantt chart has been done to plan the process of this project It is important to make sure the project can be done at the given time 39 Table 3 6 Gantt chart for FYP 1 confirmation of title and a review understanding concept of wireless Table 3 7 Gantt chart for FYP 2 writingthesis 1 40 3 8 Expected problem After doing some literature study expected problem have been identified such as the limitation in distance and the size of the device This is important to make sure that the project can be done smoothly without any difficulty because of minor or major problem In this project the major problem is the limitation of the distance between the emergency button and the receiver Rx that attach with the PIC The signal can be received by the RX if the distance between Rx and Tx are about 100m or less The maximum distance that these devices can operate is 100m if the RX and Tx are in line of sight The second problem is the prepaid of the SIM card Because of this project use the existing telecommunication provider such as Celcom Maxis and Digi the SIM card must have credit So that the message that already program in the PIC can be sent to
37. tes the power status The red light will appear when the power is ON 5 Itis come up with SIM card holder 6 For the installation and checking the GSM modem refer to the appendix 5 Radio Interface RS 232 Interface Status LED SIM card holder Power Connector Figure 3 14 GSM Interface 6 3 4 2 GSM RS 232 Interface Figure 2 4 below shows the interface of RS 232 D SUB 9 pin female of the GSM modem 34 Figure 3 15 GSM 5232 interface Table 3 5 GSM RS232 Pin Assignment i cp 10 DaaCamerDeeded 00 MEME Transit Data re Data Terminal Read s e on ms Restos _ e s 8 8 1 0 Rma 3 4 3 SIM Interface According to the GSM 11 12 phase 2 there is a SIM interface that s already intended for 3V SIM cards A wire interface which is 5 wires already places in the GSM modem to interface the GSM modem with the card holder 3 To put the SIM card or eject the SIM card the button must be push 35 Push the button here to eject the SIM card holder Figure 3 16 SIM Interface 35 MAX232 In this project MAX 232 is required to convert the signal from RS232 port of GSM modem and GPS module to the signal that the PIC can read The diagram below shows the schematic diagram for connection between MAX232 GPS module and GSM modem 36 VDD VDD C2 1u
38. tter 433MHz to the receiver 433MHz As mentioned in the 50 scope of study the distance is limited until 100m only Further than that the signal does not reach the receiver To overcome this problem we need to change the transmitter and receiver Besides that we can also change the antenna Instead of using copper wire as the antenna we can change it using high gain antenna Next the other suggestion to increase the length is replace the transmitter with the GSM The coverage of the GSM is same with the module phone so it is suitable for the long distance Next is about the data received from the GPS module The data that received from the GPS such as longitude and latitude is not 10096 correct There is still minor error in calculating the distance and location by the satellite But it is still can be used because the range are below than 1km square of area To overcome this problem the GPS module that is used must have high sensitivity So that it can measures the location correctly Then it is about GSM module This GSM module uses SIM card to operate The SIM card can be obtained from the provider such as Celcom Maxis of Digi For this project I use SIM card from Celcom The main problem is the balance credit in the SIM card So when dealing with this system the credit left must always be checked so that the system can run properly Besides that using the different provider also make the system fail to send the message Even th
39. uency CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION This section gives an overview about the project such as idea of the project and the project s background 1 1 Background Of Study GPS is a wonderful technology with many applications in our society It is common for drivers nowadays to use GPS to go their destination Without GPS they have to use map The function of GPS is not only to know the direction of specific places but it can also be used as tracking device Generally tracking is observing persons or objects on the move and supplying a timely ordered sequence of respective location data to a model 14 This project is not to observe a person but to provide the information such as longitude and latitude where the person This information will be given when the system is activated Normally this project is necessary when the persons are in the critical situation such as when the snatch theft happened Besides that this project can also benefit those who want to enter into the huge jungle When they are lost they can send critical information to the authority or anyone as long as the device can transmit signal However because this project uses line from base station the signal is quite limited in certain areas only 1 2 Basis Of Project The idea of this project is to have a transmitter that will activate the PIC that already attached with the GPS module The information gathered and will be sent via SMS to the other person Figure
40. umbers including area codes Step 7 Recording voice message Step 8 Play back voice message Press to play back pre recorded message Hold both buttons together and speak into microphone in the main unit for 10 seconds to Repeat step 7 if required record message Set up is now complete 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd All Rights Reserved APPENDIX B GSM MODEM 5 Installation a Open the SIM card holder insert in a valid SIM Card provided by GSM network operator or service provider b Install the GSM Modem to your location and connect the antenna to the SMA connector C Fix the serial cable to the GSM modem the supplied cable will connect the unit to a PC For other devices you may need a crossover cable d Connect the GSM Modem power supply interface with the power adapter s output jack and then connect the adapter to its power supply source Make sure that all connections are properly 2007 Sky Microwave Co Ltd All Rights Reserved 6 Modem Basic Operation A Module connection with Hyper Terminal 1 Establish or Open Hyper Terminal from All Programs Accessories Communications and setting up relevant parameters Module baud rate is 115200 1 Establish connection Connection Description New Connection Enter a name and choose an icon for the connection Name 115200 2 Setting up usage port Connect To S 115200 Enter details for the
41. ywhere in the world 24 hours a day 12 To get the accurate longitude and latitude the GPS receiver or also known as GPS modules in this project will use the concept of triangle to determine the exact location of the user or anything that attach to the GPS module The concept is called triangle concept because a GPS receiver must be locked on the signal of at least three satellites So that the satellite can calculate the position of the GPS receiver in 2D position accurately Normally the GPS used to monitor the motion of transports are in 3D view To get that view it must use at least four satellites The function of GPS not limited to only calculate the position of the GPS receiver it also can determine the speed track trip distance distance to the destination the shortest distance to the destination sunrise and sunset time 10 GPS also widely used in fleet system It is a brilliant solution in order to increase the efficiency of the management of group of vehicle 12 To build this system digital maps mobile communications and embedded system are combined in one system This system has three parts which is localization and position module communication module and CPU module Figure 2 3 GPS module 11 di GPS Rx 000 Sat 1 ih d3 Sat d2 Sat2 Figure 2 4 Basic Idea Calculation for Position 2 4 Microcontrollers Microcontroller unit MCU or famously knows as microcontroller is a single chip m
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