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Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1

1. s textsuperscript gdef NAT biblabelnum 1 1 The redefined NAT biblabelnum command specifies how the reference numbers are to be formatted in the list of references itself The redefinition must be made with gdef not def or renewcommand The selected punctuation style and other redefinitions will not be in effect on the first IATFX run for they are stored to the auxiliary file for the subsequent run The user may add more such definitions of his own to accommodate those journals and bst files that he has He may either add them to his local copy of natbib st y or better put them into a file named natbib cfg This file will be read in if it exists adding any local configurations Thus such configurations can survive future updates of the package This is for IATRX 2 only Any explicit call to bibpunct has priority over the predefined citation styles A preprogrammed citation style is normally invoked by the command bibliographystyle as described above However it may be that one wants to apply a certain citation style to another bibliography style This may be done with citestyle given before begin document For example to use the plainnat bibliography style for the list of references with the Nature style of citations superscripts documentclass article usepackage natbib citestyle nature begin document bibliographystyle plainnat All changes to the citation style including punctuation
2. Create a outline or bookmark entry The first parameter specificies the action to be taken and is the same as that allowed for pdfannot link see above though note that the Page key does not work properly at present The count specifies the number of direct subentries under this entry O if this entry has no subentries in this case it may be omitted If the number is negative then all subentries will be closed and the absolute value of this number specifies the number of subentries The text is what will be shown in the outline window note that this is limited to characters in the PDFEncoding vector pdfthread numnum name name Start an article thread the corresponding pdfendthread must be in the box in the same depth as the box containing pdfthread All boxes in this depth level will be treated as part of this thread An identifier n or refname must be specified threads with same identifier will be joined together pdfendthread Finish the current thread pdfthreadhoffset dimen pdfthreadvoffset dimen Specify thread margins One way to learn more about how to use these primitives is to have a look at the file example tex in the pdf TX distribution 5 Graphics and color Probably the biggest single usage problem with pdf T X at the present time is the inclusion of graphics The program only directly supports graphic inclusion in one bitmap format PNG Portable Network Gra
3. Numerical mode These examples are for author year citation mode In numerical mode the results are different citet jon90 gt Jones et al 21 citet chap 2 jon90 gt Jones et al 21 chap 2 citep jon90 gt 21 citep chap 2 jon90 gt 21 chap 2 citep see jon90 gt see 21 citep see chap 2 jon90 gt see 21 chap 2 citep jon90a jon90b gt 21 32 The authors can only be listed if the bst file supports author year citations The standard bst files such as plain bst are numerical only and transfer no author year information to IAIEX In this case citet prints author 21 In the original versions of natbib the traditional cite command was used for both textual and parenthetical citations The presence of an empty optional text in square brackets signalled parenthetical This syntax has been retained for compatibility but is no longer encouraged This means that cite without notes is the same as citet in author year mode whereas in numerical mode it is the same as citep The starred version as well as the one or two optional notes may also be used It is possible to have multiple citations sorted into the same sequence as they appear in the list of references regardless of their order as arguments to the cite commands The option sort is required for this feature See p FI Some publishers require that the first citation of any given reference be
4. Write out the TEX box num as a Form object to the PDF file pdflastform Returns the object number of the last Form written to the PDF file pdfrefform name Put in a reference to the PDF Form called name These macros support a feature called object reuse in pdf TEX The idea is to create a Form object in PDF The content of the Form object corresponds to the content of a TEX box which can also contain pictures and references to other Form objects as well After that the Form can be used by simply referring to its object number This feature can be useful for large document with a lot of similiar elements as it can reduce the duplication of identical objects pdfannottext width width height height depth depth attr attr text Attach a text annotation at the current point in the text The attributes can be used to specify the default appearance of the annotation e g Open true or Open false as well as many other features see Table 6 8 of the PDF manual pdfdest numnum name name appearance Establish a destination for links and bookmark outlines the link must be identified by either a number or a symbolic name and the way Acrobat is to display the page must be specified appearance must be one of fit fit whole page in window fith fit whole width of page fitv fit whole height of page fitb fit whole Bounding Box page fitbh fit whole width of Bounding Box of
5. III The pdf T X user manual Han The Thanh Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic thanh informatics muni cz 1 Introduction The pdf T X project started in 1996 at the Faculty of Informatics Masaryk University Brno Czech Republic It forms a primary part of the MSc and PhD research of Han The Thanh under the supervision of Ji Zlatu ka and Petr Sojka The main purpose of the project was to create an extension of TEX that could create PDF directly from TX source files and improve enhance the result of TEX typesetting with the help of PDF pdf T X contains T X as a subset When PDF output is not set it produces normal DVI output when PDF output is selected pdf TEX produces PDF output that looks identical to the DVI output The next stage of the project apart from fixing any errors in the program is to investigate alternative justification algorithms possibly making use of multiple master fonts pdf TEX is based on the original TEX sources and web2c and has been successfully compiled on Unix Amiga Win32 and DOS systems It is still under beta development and all features are liable to change This manual was compiled by Sebastian Rahtz from notes and examples by Han The Thanh Many thanks are due to members of the pdf TFX mailing list most notably Hans Hagen whose questions and answers have contributed much to this manual 2 Implementation details The implementation of pdf TEX consists of two
6. reasonable size at 1 0pt we see IATpX It s odd that its code includes that for Knuth s logo TeX rather than referring to the older macro and it s noteworthy that neither it nor Knuth s code makes the spacefactor adjustment due at the end of the word in English typesetting it s common practice to set the capitals in acronyms and logos as if they were lower case letters The problems that arise from the macro are e that it steadfastly sets in the default font cmr and e that its use of sc restricts it to a smaller range of sizes than one might hope These restrictions make it appear odd in section titles which are set in bold in I4T X s standard classes and prevent what seems to me entirely reasonable use in sans fonts etc However since it s now history I shan t discuss it further 33 The standard TEX coding I don t any longer have the sources but as I recall at least some of the pre release versions of IATEX 2g had something similar to the IATRX209 version of the logo This version instead of using the old font command sc which selects some fixed font rather than a font related to that which surrounds it used the IATRX command scshape The same would also have been true of pre IATRX 2 versions of the NFSS with their subversion of the IAIRX209 font commands This had the unfortunate effect that IATEX warned you about using LaTeX in a section title since almost no font f
7. Mathematics of University of Kerala Trivandrum Prof KSS Nambooripad a world renowned mathematician and an ace TEX programmer chaired the session He was unanimously elected as the Chairman of the Indian TEX Users Group Following are the office bearers of the TUGIndia Chairman Prof Dr K S S Nambooripad Secretary C V Radhakrishnan Treasurer Dr R Rajendra Executive Dr A R Rajan University of Kerala Dr E Krishnan University College Trivandrum Dr V N Krishnachandran Vikram Sarabhai Space Center Dr R K Chettiar Department of Education Govt of Kerala Mr C V Rajagopal University Observatory Mr Deepak Tony Thomas Oracle Corporation Bangalore Dr P Rameshkumar MG University Kottayam Dr SRP Nayar Inter Univ Center for Astronomy Pune At the same time they did me the great honour of inviting me to inaugurate the group and I lost no time in accepting in principle In the ordinary course of events it would have been beyond the finances of either TUG India or myself to pay for a trip there but then a fairy godmother appeared in the shape of the UK TEX Users Group The committee considered my tentative suggestion and agreed that support of such a potentially important group would be a reasonable use of group funds That just meant fixing a date and finding a flight and all was in train By an amazing coincidence another member of the UK TUG committee Kaveh Bazargan had already booked a holiday o
8. Read write access to parshapel a a 6 Interrogating the current conditional context Oe A ee ee ae SO GS Se e E 16 BT Access to information concerning font character combination gt gt 16 0 8 geing oao o gy Gom k ae agi e oR o A 2k we o o 4S 16 PY Subile change to the semantics of protected 16 TO Optimisation 16 17 D mproved typographic quality a a a a 17 J mproved typographic quality cont 0a a a a 17 0 2 M g Moko POR e owe e 4k 2 4 2 8 a oaoa 248 ava e amp TH Ra reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 0 pesetting on a erid aaa 17 18 e inaugural meeting o 19 irst stirring ah e a Ge S A a we ee e 8 YOR a a 3 19 4 India andthe inauguration 2 a a a 19 20 and some sightseeing 2 a a a a 20 21 S An introduction to Ree eR ee A ee oe Be a tee 22 W A A e e e a p a o 22 20 The main Window ote ao we A o ae ee AR A e er e A 22 oo 23 anging the Appearanc 000a a a a 24 24 24 ootnotes and marginal note O E Sue Se ee ee a a a T 24 igures and table Boa o a a o e ab a a He eR e o HAS Sb B amp SG 4 4 24 29 25 etting Mathematicy 2 2 we ee 25 Z7 Entering BIEX Commandg 26 27 oo 27 D g Ogo a Saga E OR Oe a Ge ek Bom eh wee ae eS 28 BZ The Old BIEX coding ww 28 B3 The standard AA AA 28 B4 M ptl s i m ea Mek SA a a o A 29 But the standard code doesn t even work with CM family fonts a a aaa 0 31 36 Conclusio
9. in a box and then measuring the dimensions of the box not all the dimensions of the character can be reliably obtained in this way and there is no way to ensure that the character actually exists in the font before attempting to typeset and measure it In TEX V2 we allow the user both to check whether a particular character exists in a given font using iffontchar and if it does exist to measure the four fundamental dimensions of that font character combination using fontcharwd fontcharht fontchardp and font charic representing width height depth and italic correction respectively Furthermore we ensure that users are alerted to the existence of missing characters in a font by causing lost characters to be logged to the console as well as to the log file if tracinglostchars is set to a value greater than 1 9 8 Better debugging aids In order to assist in diagnosing mis matched or runaway group problems TRX V2 allows the user to opt to be warned whenever a file is left in a group or conditional other than that at which it was entered This may be accomplished by setting tracingnesting to a value greater than zero 9 9 Subtle change to the semantics of protected TEX V1 introduced a new prefix protected which inhibited the expansion of the protected macro in contexts in which expansion was unlikely to be required Further research into this area suggested that at least one such case had been missed and protect
10. keywords Specify document information All keys are optional if this information is provided it can be seen in Acrobat Reader with the menu option Document Information General pdfcatalog pagemode pagemode uri uri Document display information Both keys are optional URI provides the base URL of the document and pagemode determines how Acrobat displays the document on startup The possibilities are 11 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 UseNone Open document with neither outline nor thumbnails visible UseOutlines Open document with outline visible UseThumbs Open document with thumbnails visible FullScreen Open document in full screen mode In full screen mode there is no menu bar window controls nor any other window present The default is UseNone pdfimage height height width width filename Insert a bitmap image in PNG format optionally changing width height or both Dimensions which are not specified will be treated as zero If both height and width are zero then the box takes the natural size of the image If one of them width or height is zero and the second is not then the first one the zero one will be set to a value proportional to the second one so as to make the box have the same proportion of width and height as the image natural size If both width and height are positive then the image will be scaled to fit these dimensions pdf form num
11. of course take this space to extend the heartfelt thanks of Kaveh and myself to C V Radhakrishnan and the many others who looked after us so magnifcently during our stay in Kerala They were very worthy ambassadors of a lovely part of India I look foward to working with them and hopefully to visiting India again soon TUGIndia can be contacted as follows C K Radhakrishnan Secretary TUGIndia Kripa TC 24 548 Sastha Gardens Thycaud Trivandrum 695014 India Tel 91 471 324341 Fax 91 471 333186 Email tugindia mailexcite com 18 An introduction to LyX Andrew F Lack City University sa346 city ac uk 19 What is LyX Am a dinosaur living beyond my best before date Sometimes feels like it To start with I use Unix Every popular computing magazine you pick up today is filled with one word and it isn t Unix Then I use IATEX under Unix People look at you as if you are from another planet IATREX You mean you can t see what it looks like as you type But then I come across something like LyX and my faith in humanity or that part of it which still uses Unix and I4Tpx is restored LyX is a full featured near WYSIWYG editor for creating and editing ISTEX documents Surprisingly it s not currently available from the CTAN archive but by anonymous ftp from ftp via ecp fr pub lyx Bina ries are available for some popular varieties of the Unix system including Sun Solaris and Linux To compile the s
12. an exclamation mark for select emphasised style m happy with that But the second is a figure of a person man which denotes something called noun style for setting small caps 3 I m being careful here not to mention that dreaded word word damn 4Users can have their own or can use a system wide version reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 An introduction to LyX Math Options Documents deja Ja dae lala Lyk has a maths editor which is much Like the mathematics editor of any other GUI bd word processor To enter maths mode you can either click the maths editor button from toolbar or choose Math Math mode for in line maths or Math Display for displayed maths either case a small blue box appears on the screen and the insert cursor is positioned within 1 are now in the maths editor Itis more difficult to describe how to use the editor than to use it When I tried it had not y anything about how to use it and I fairly quickly picked up how it works The menu opi Math Math Panel brings up seprate window fom which you can pick the multitude of spe LaTeX symbols For simple maths for example using greek characters F just pick the chara apa from the greek menu in the maths panel For more complex maths which upaman two dimensional the essential feature of the editor is the use of the arrow keys which mavis you through the equation It probably helps if you ve set maths before using a Ei OOOO o Mathan A Ther
13. at first sight it might be thought that it is the reference points of the lines making up the page which need to lock to this grid we are fairly certain that this is not always the case and we are therefore looking at ways of associating one or more handles with a particular box In the degenerate case there will be one handle which is coincident with the reference point of the line but in more complex cases there may be two three or ever more handles each of which will lock on to one line of the grid Even so there are also situations in grid based designs where the grid lock contraints just have to be violated and one topic still unresolved is whether it is then better simply to allow the box to float free or whether it is better to constrain it in some way perhaps by associating with the handle s a degree of flexibility which is in some way analogous to TEX s current use of the glue concept 17 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Subsection More on improved typographic quality Another point made by Don during his stay in Brno is that there are situations in which T X s vertical positioning of elements of mathematical formule is less than ideal He points out that even in typesetting the TEXbook he had to make use of kludges such as sub strut in order to achieve the best visual effect We are investigating ways in which the effect and related effects could be achieved by better parameterisation of the mathe
14. citation system such that one can control the punctuation and citation format all of which is done by natbib as well However it also can sort and compress numerical citations something that is required by some journals What this means is that when multiple citations are given with a single cite command the normal order of the numbers is in the sequence given This is usually a wild list of numbers such as 4 2 8 3 With the cite package this list becomes 24 8 It is impossible to make the cite and natbib packages compatible since both reimplement cite from scratch Instead I have taken over some of the coding from cite st y modifying it for natbib This coding is activated by including one of the options sort or sort compress in the usepackage command For author year citations the option sort orders the citations in a single citep or citet command into the sequence in which they appear in the list of references This is normally alphabetical first year second This should avoid citations of the type James et al 1994b a For author year mode the sort amp compress option is identical to sort Do not use the cite package with natbib rather use one of the options sort or sort amp compress These also work with author year citations making multiple citations appear in the order they appear in the reference list 41 10 Long author list on first citation A feature that has often been requested by otherwise happy
15. cmss bx n 3 15 DeclareLaTeXLogo cmr m it 3 27 DeclareLaTeXLogo cmr bx it 3 27 the first of which deals with the problem that Barbara Beeton had highlighted Finding sets of parameters to use isn t entirely trivial I generate a set of logos with different parameters for the font 10TUGboat sections are collections of related papers within one issue sections within a TUGboat paper are like sections within any IATRxX document 31 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 family series and shape under consideration examine them adjust the set of parameters and iterate until I have some thing that looks satisfactory The last sample in this exercise for Baskerville medium normal is shown in figure The 36 Conclusion future work The macros I describe above are available on CTAN in directory together with the source of this note by way of justification The 1t x logo package takes font fam ily names as package options for each option quoted the package will define any logo parameter sets it knows for that family at the time of writing the package knows about the cm family using the parameters shown above for and and the Monotype Baskerville families mbv and mbvx the latter in cludes use of the so called expert fonts for the purposes of the IATEX logo the required parameters are the same as for the non expert set I remarked above that the IATRX team had define
16. is done at all Make sure that the document has been processed at least twice after the last BIBTEX run before running the makeindex program The form of the index entries is set by the internal NAT idxtxt which can be redefined by hackers if wanted in the natbib cfg file please By default it prints the short author list plus date in the current parenthesis style The natbib package can also be used with the index package of David M Jones The order in which the packages are loaded is not important In that package multiple index lists may be made by means of a newindex command For example it may be desirable to put all the citation indexing into a separate list First that list must be initiated with e g newindex cite ctx cnd List of Citations and then the automatic citation indexing associated with this list with the natbib command renewcommand citeindextype cite See the documentation for index st y for details 41 7 HyperT X compatibility natbib is compatible with the hyperref package of Sebastian Rahtz and Yannis Haralambous for use with Hy perT X The compatibility is of a mutual nature both packages contain coding that interact with that of the other 41 8 Multiple bibliographies in one document natbib is compatible with the chapterbib package of Donald Arseneau and Niel Kempson which makes it possible to have several bibliographies in one document The usual application is to have bibliographies in each
17. left on the box opens up a dialogue box in which the details of the figure are programmed Apart from the obvious one of filename the author can choose the size rotation angle and a command which LyX uses to display the image It defaults to using ghostscript Once the parameters have been entered and applied LyX updates the display with the image 25 Setting Mathematics LyX has a maths editor which is much like the mathematics editor of any other GUI based word processor To enter maths mode you can either click the maths editor button from the tool bar or choose Math Math mode for in line maths or Math Display for displayed maths In either case a small blue box appears on the screen and the insert cursor is positioned within You are now in the maths editor It is more difficult to describe how to use the editor than to use it and even I quickly picked up how it works The menu option Math Math Panel brings up a separate window from from which you can pick the multitude of special BIEX symbols For simple maths for example using Greek characters just pick the character required from the menu in the maths panel For more complex maths which perhaps requires a two dimensional layout the essential feature of the editor is the use of the arrow keys which navigate you through the equation There are no menu options for superscripts and subscripts which greatly simplifies the maths panel Instead these 25 reprinted from Baskervil
18. may be changed later Each line contains the following fields some of them are optional texnam basenam font lags fontfile encoding texname the name of the TFM file basename the base font name PostScript font name font flags an integer number specifying the most important characteristics of the font This number is significant only in the case that the font file is not included and Acrobat Reader is asked to simulate missing font using its multiple master defaults It is a PDF font descriptor see PDF manual section 7 9 2 which is a 32 bit inte ger containing a collection of Boolean attributes with bit 1 being the least significant Attributes are true if the corresponding bit is set to 1 in the integer The meanings of the bits is as follows 1 Fixed width font 2 Serif font 3 Symbolic font 4 Script font 5 reserved 6 Uses the Adobe Standard Roman Character Set 7 Italic 8 16 reserved 17 All cap font 18 Small cap font 19 Force bold at small text sizes 20 32 reserved Bit 6 indicates that the font s character set is the Adobe Standard Roman Character Set or a subset of that and that it uses the standard names for those characters About bit 19 the PDF specification says used to determine whether or not bold characters are drawn with extra pixels even at very small text sizes Typically when characters are drawn at small sizes on very low resolution devices such as display screens features of bold chara
19. must be made before begin document which freezes the citation style 41 4 Priority of style commands The citation style punctuation and mode can be selected by means of the bibpunct citestyle and prede fined bibstyle bst commands They can also be selected by IATEX 2 options p B5 What happens if there are several conflicting selections The lowest priority is assigned to the predefined bibstyle bst commands since they are implicit and not obvious to the user The IATRX 2 options have the next priority Finally any selection by bibpunct and or citestyle overrides those of the other methods 41 5 Other formatting options The list of references normally appears as a section or chapter depending on the main class If one wants to redesign one s own heading say as a numbered section with Asection then bibsection may be redefined by the user accordingly Redefine bibsection to the desired sectioning command for introducing the list of references This is normally section or chapter The list of references is normally printed in the same font size and style as the main body However it is possible to define bibfont to be font commands that are in effect within the thebibliography environment 39 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Redefine bibfont to be a font declaration e g sma11 to apply to the list of references The list of references for author year styles uses a hanging indentati
20. page fitbv fit whole height of Bounding Box of page pdfannotlink height height depth depth attr attr action Start a hypertext link 1f the optional dimensions are not specified they will be calculated from the box containing the link The attributes explained in great detail in section 6 6 of the PDF manual determine the appearance of the link Typically this is used to specify the color and thickness of any border around the link Thus C 0 9 0 0 Border 0 0 2 specifies a color in RGB of dark red and a border thickness of 2 points The action can do many things some possibilities are 12 The pdfTEX user manual goto num n goto name refname Jump to a point established as name with pdfdest goto file filename Open a local file this can be used with a name or num specification to point to a specific location on the file Thus goto file foo pdf name intro thread num n thread name refname Jump to thread identified by n or refname user spec Perform user specified action Section 6 9 of the PDF manual explains the possibilities A typical use of this is to specify a URL e g S URI URI http www tug org pdfendlink Ends link all text between pdfannotlink and pdfendlink will be treated as part of this link pdfI X may break the result across lines or pages in which case it will make several links with the same content pdfoutline action count count text
21. pagebreak in order to try the effect of breaking elsewhere The discarded items are therefore required in order to re create the vertical list which T X is trying to break In e TRX V2 we allow access to these discarded items via a new primitive pagediscards The discards which occur during vsplitting are also accessible via an analogous primitive Asplitdiscards Both of these primitives return a vertical list similar to that obtained by unvboxing a box register 9 5 Read write access to parshape Although TX allows the user to create arbitrarily complicated paragraph shapes through the use of the parshape primitive it provides no way for the user to find out which parshape is currently active although it does allow the user to ascertain the number of lines of the current parshape specification In TRX V2 we allow full read access to all the elements of the current parshape 9 6 Interrogating the current conditional context In e TFX V1 we allowed users to make environmental enquiries concerning the current group both as to its depth of nesting and to its type In e TEX V2 we generalise this concept and allow analogous access to the current conditional context through the use of currentiflevel currentiftype currentifbranch and showifs 9 7 Access to information concerning font character combinations Although it is possible to gain some information about a particular character in a given font by typesetting that character
22. proposed a further bursary open to members of UKTUG only for attendance either at EuroTpxX 98 or at TUG 98 In the traditional way these bursary monies though all are to be spent within Europe this year are expressed in dollars the UKTUG member only one is of 500 00 and our contributions to the meeting bursaries themselves are of 1 000 00 each Rather less positive has been our performance with Baskerville You have seen only three editions since last we met since there was already a backlog at that time you should in principle have seen seven of course one of those three was a double issue but To a significant extent we are in your hands in this matter your committee can t write everything that is to appear in Baskerville yet the only other member who has submitted anything has been Andy Lack What s more despite a plea from me for frequent questions to answer only one member has submitted something for me to add to the FAQ list We have formed a schedule for future issues of Baskerville but the problem of filling them will recur I can now report that the incoming committee has concluded that it is in essence impossible to retrieve the backlog of issues of Baskerville and that any pretence of completing its volume 7 should be abandoned We shall be sending a copy of the NTG s excellent 4A1I TFX CD to all 1996 97 members and after that has been sent there will be no further mailings to our 1996 97 mailin
23. s integrity in any way The second group can also start to uncross their fingers as the NTS group will start work on a rewrite of TEX in Java during 1998 TEX implementations Does any TEX user still need to compromise on their implementation With the standard Unix web2c implementation now available for DOS Windows 32 Amiga and any Unix platform healthy com petition in Windows 32 from MikTeX ably maintained shareware Macintosh systems OzTeX and CMacTeX it almost seems an embarassment of riches to mention the commercial Y amp Y TeX Textures and Scientific Work place each offering very significant advantages The relationship with SGML We are reaching an understanding of how to use TpX as a backend formatter for SGML and also how to use it as a front end by converting TEX mss to SGML Not an easy area to work in perhaps but TEX can hold its head high and say that it is not afraid to work with SGML DSSSL the ISO 10179 standard for a Document Style Semantics and Specification Language is now not only a reality but in daily use thanks to James Clark s free implementation jade By separating style specification from paragraph makeup this keeps a firm place for TEX in the universe since DSSSL implementations or the subsets such as XSL which may be implemented for the Web need a batch oriented formatting engine to assist them User groups Not a whole reason because we do not yet have user groups to help T X users all over
24. select letter as the document class and the standard instal lation comes with a suitable template Selecting the letter class also changes the IATRX formatting options available from the style drop down Included is cc Signature Opening and Closing 27 Entering BIFX Commands Sooner or later you will want to achieve some formatting effect which LyX cannot currently handle To do this you can enter a TEX or IATEX command directly into the document You can do this in a number of ways the easiest of which is to use the dedicated button in the tool bar with the TEX logo Clicking this puts LyX into IX mode and what you type is shown in red Effectively what you type is added to the file verbatim and no interpretation is undertaken While creating this document I have had used this feature only a few times However it will be clear by now that quite significant amounts of IA4T X are not yet covered by LyX rules boxes the minipage environment and the tabbing environment to name a few And then there s all those packages which are available 28 Interfacing with BTEX One of the most frustrating features with teaching beginners IATFX is explaining how to deal with the inevitable errors which result from formatting LyX solves this difficult problem in a way which must have taken a great deal of work Whenever LyX runs XIEX for you any errors which occur are flagged by inserting a red Error into the document at the point wh
25. that permits easy switching between the two citation modes To this end replacements for the standard I4TRX bst files are also provided It is possible to define the citation style type of brackets and punctuation between citations and even to associate it with the name of the bibliographic style so that it is automatically activated Citation styles can be defined for local bst files by means of a configuration file natbib cfg It is compatible with the packages babel index showkeys chapterbib hyperref koma and with the classes amsbook and amsart It can also emulate the sorting and compressing functions of the cite package with which it is otherwise incompatible The natbib package therefore acts as a single flexible interface for most of the available bibliographic styles 38 Introduction The first problem of using author year literature citations with standard IAT X is that the two forms of citations are not supported These are textual as shown by Jones et al 1990 parenthetical as shown Jones et al 1990 There is only one cite command to do both jobs A second problem is that the thebibliography environment for listing the references insists on including the labels in the list These labels are normally the numbers needed for referencing In the author year system they are superfluous and should be left off Thus if one were to make up a bibliography with the author year as label as begi
26. the group s performance has been again the difficulty the committee has in covering the ground of the tasks that need to be done The committee has consisted of 6 people plus me as chair this is half strength The effect is that if someone s energy flags on a particular task there s little chance that there will be anyone else to chivvy them on to greater efforts I urge everyone seriously to consider allowing their name to go forward for membership of the committee let s give the new chair of UKTUG a good basis for his future work Principal among the things we did do right is Sebastian Rahtz s sterling work that has given us the TEX Live CD of which we sent every member a copy TEX Live was originally a UKTUG project though the current second edition was supported by a number of other groups too I believe it has had significant impact on the utility of TEX on the increasingly many Unix based machines throughout the world many of which are in people s own homes It has certainly been the largest impetus for people to join the group that I ve experienced We agreed to support the TUG bursary fund for 1997 but we were never asked to submit monies We have therefore decided to offer bursary money both for EuroTpx 98 in St Malo you will have seen the flier in a Baskerville mailing and for TUG 98 in Torun Poland These bursaries are open to anyone who is sufficiently impoverished as a further innovation we have
27. users of natbib is one that is found in the harvard package as standard with the first citation of any reference the full author list is printed and afterwards only the ab breviated list One can control this with citet for the first citation and citet or citep thereafter However the automatic feature is very desirable This can be activated with the option longlistfirst Long author list on first citation Use option longlistfirst to have first citation automatically give the full list of authors Suppress this for certain citations with shortcites key list given before the first citation Some references have so many authors that you want to suppress the automatic long list only for them In this case issue shortcites key list before the first citations and those included in key list will have a short list on their first citation Full author lists can still be forced at any time with the starred variants 121t would be relatively easy to allow changes in style anywhere in the document but this strikes me as bad policy However it is provided for with the docstrip option nopreonly Me reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 42 Numerical citations with author year styles In earlier versions each bst file could be used either for numerical or author year citation mode without any possibility of switching Obviously numerical bst files can never be used for author year citations the information 1s mis
28. using Edit Paste Primary Selection 21 1 Changing the Appearance You have two choices about changing the visual appearance You can either change the settings before you type something or you can go back highlight it and then apply some new combination of effects For many commands sensible things happen when attributes are changed and nothing is highlit For example if I were to pick left block from the Layout Paragraph menu in the middle of this paragraph the new setting would be automatically applied to the whole of the current paragraph 22 Lists The easiest way to create a list is to enter each item as a separate paragraph then highlight all the items and choose the required list type from the style drop down When a description list is used the first word of the item is automatically emboldened and you must use unbreakable spaces lt Control Space gt to include more than one word LyX provides a forth list type list which which is based on the IATEX list environment An example follows itemized produces bullet points enumerated produces numbered lists description produces a bold subject followed by a description list produces this type of list Note that the width used for each label is the same The actual width used is set by simply highlighting the entire list and setting the label width using the Layout Paragraph menu then clicking Apply 22 1 Lists within lists The tool bar provides the button change environment depth T
29. would set the last line to the same tightness or looseness as the immediately preceding line and he thought that TEX should be capable of doing likewise We are looking into providing this but in a parameterised manner so that all possibilities between T X s current behaviour and that suggested by Don can be achieved We think that this might be controlled by a parameter called lastlinefit 9 13 Improved typographic quality cont In the same vein we are looking into ways of allowing better parameterisation of the page breaking process by having not just one penalty for say a club or widow line but a whole array of such penalties which can reflect the undesir ability of leaving one two three to n lines at the top or bottom of a page Other related penalties are also candidates for this process 10 Ideas still under discussion The following ideas are all under discussion but are very unlikely to find their way into e T X V2 some may be deferred to TpX V3 and some may never appear at all Although the group have some idea into which category each of these ideas may fall it is probably not helpful to go into too much detail here and so they are all lumped together as under discussion 10 1 Can TEX find this font In the good old days a TEX program could count on finding all 76 of the standard TeX fonts no matter where it was run in the world These days with many documents being set in exotic fonts from a myria
30. Baskerville The Annals of the UK T X Users Group Editor Sebastian Rahtz Vol 8 No 1 ISSN 1354 5930 January 1998 Articles may be submitted via electronic mail to baskerville tex ac uk or on MSDOS compatible discs to Sebastian Rahtz Elsevier Science Ltd The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB to whom any correspondence concerning Baskerville should also be addressed This reprint of Baskerville is set in Times Roman with Computer Modern Typewriter for literal text the source is archived on CTAN in usergrps uktug Back issues from the previous 12 months may be ordered from UKTUG for 2 each earlier issues are archived on CTAN in usergrps uktug Please send UKTUG subscriptions and book or software orders to Peter Abbott 1 Eymore Close Selly Oak Birmingham B29 4LB Fax telephone 0121 476 2159 Email enquiries about UKTUG to uktug enquiries tex ac uk Contents 4 4 5 6 7 9 9 Z Implementation detal Soe ee So a Beem eR om eS Se Ww ae te ee ce oe ee OR ee 9 10 B Font 10 5 raphics and colo JOa O S ogo oa 2 we amp 4 Ak ee Se Se OE ew ee Ee Ge OE o 13 6 Macro packages supporting pdfTEX 2 ww 14 Te Gy a ok ae ee y 15 9 Ideas which are almost certain to appear in TRX VJ 15 0 1 Increasing TpX s registers 15 D mproved natural language handling a a a 15 ARSS a a a a 16 4 Discards are no longer discarded DE poaa Gok uk amp Hk OR As a FOR a 4 amp 4 16
31. M 26 November 199 Report of the 1996 ul fui TE q dl O Co gt O lt lt UN TON Y a UN PUN iS Treasurer s Keport 4 Apointment of Auditor setting annual membership fee oT O 0 etting annual institutional membership fee r Confirmation of P 1p layior as air of the roupi 58 5 Election of Committee Members e 0 Motions proposed by member oT NOT q ON The Future of U UG Meetings and possible topic Any other business 04 UK TUG Information Bee re 653 The 1997 93 UKTUG committee O Baskerville Los wo OR s s o 68 Book Discounts for UKTUG members QN 42 42 43 44 44 44 44 45 47 47 48 50 50 50 50 50 50 51 51 51 51 51 51 51 52 52 52 52 52 53 53 53 53 53 53 I Editorial and News Sebastian Rahtz It seems a long time since I last wrote a Baskerville editorial but it is no less pleasurable to be able once again to share some TpXery with you Why however the keen eyed reader will ask is this Baskerville volume 8 and not 7 still For an explanation of the UKTUG committee s decisions regarding this I refer you to the report by the outgoing Chairman Robin Fairbairns following this editorial You ll also find information about other glories the committee has planned for the members 1 Why TRX Just after the New Year I had the pleasure of travelling to India for the first meeting of the Indian TEX Users Group a re
32. Malayalam to a high standard without recourse to pre processors or any limitations on transcriptions Font control Perhaps we are not in an ideal situation with regard to font encoding and usage in normal T X but we are getting there While in the IATRX world T1 encoding is widely accepted we can hope for similar agreement on 8 bit maths font encoding Pictures Has the TEX user ever had such a rich variety of ways to draw high quality pictures Choose from MetaPost XY pic or PSTricks for general purpose drawing Musix TeX for music PPCHTEX for chemisty FeynMF for Feynman diagrams or dozens of others Macro packages With the decline of most of the original plain based macro packages put together in the mid late 1980s IATEX with its huge collection of add on packages now has a slightly unhealthy domination of the TEX using world Perhaps 1998 will be the time for some new competitors such as CONT Xt to start a serious challenge TEX extensions For a good many T X users all that is really needed is the Plain format and a few just a few tweaks to TEX to solve some of those nagging programming issues For some other users what is needed is a complete re implementation of TEX in Java to provide the basis for serious experimentation with modularisation and spreading resources across the Internet The first group can rejoice as the second version of TEX is almost released offering a variety of new features without compromising TRX
33. OTPs hyphenation and so on for typesetting Malayalam the language spoken in Kerala we can expect rapid deployment of Omega amongst those typesettings things like school textbooks AUN I 16 and some sightseeing After talking TeX for 5 days I was ready for some relaxation We started with a shopping expedition during which I bought some dresses for my daughters which are certain to lighten up wintry Oxford and a selection of South Indian classical music Then on the Saturday we drove across the state line into Tamil Nadu to visit the Padmanabhapuram palace of the Maharajah of Travancore the princely state which occupied much of what is now Kerala until Indepen dence In the late 18th century a replacement palace was constructed in Trivandrum and Padmanabhapuram was left untouched With elements from the 16th century it is an incredible structure built almost entirely of teak often intri cately carved and all ingeniously designed to keep the rooms cool with natural air conditioning Whether it was the ladies bathing tank the audience chamber or the hall where 2000 Brahmins could be entertained to dinner the whole place was a marvel of design and preservation by the State Archaeological Service Perhaps the best moment was when we were granted special access to view the Maharajah s private meditation apartment whose plaster walls were covered in marvellous paintings and where a pair of cocoanut oil lamps had been burning no
34. a healthy interest in IT matters Kaveh and I tried to present the TEX world as place of dynamism excitement and new possibilities for conventional and electronic publishing and some at least of our audience seemed convinced Many of the delegates were from typesetting companies some of them suppliers to my own employer Elsevier with the biggest contingent from Madras Thomson s office seemed to have sent almost all their R amp D team But there was plenty of academic interest too and of course a special concern with typesetting Indian scripts It was a pleasure to be able to hand over to Radhakrishnan a selection of TFX related books and journals donated by Jonathan Fine Malcolm Clark and myself and to confirm the imminent despatch of back issues of TUGboat and MAPS to India NTG had already sent a generous batch of 4AlITRX CD ROMs of which each delegate was given a copy 15 The first TUG India courses On January 6th the serious work started four days of tutorials in the morning on advanced topics and introductory IXTFX in the afternoons I managed to avoid teaching the latter I always find myself apologizing too much for IATEX but had fun in the mornings We started by dealing with a subject dear to my heart and to that of some of the delegates IATRX to SGML translation I expounded the Elsevier system based on four stages of transformation 1 IAT X to dvi using a very specialized class file which redefines almos
35. amily defines a bold series Caps and Small Caps font The appearance of the present IATRX logo was therefore a minor relief for navel contemplating users such as myself The new logo coding sets the A of IATFX in the scriptfont size related to the current text size and with its apex at the same level as the top of the T This logo actually looks slightly different from the one in IATRX209 but is noticeably more stable DeclareRobustCommand LaTeX L kern 36em 7This observation is due to Barbara Beeton 8 Real users writing about anything other than IATEX itself would never have noticed the problem reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Typesetting the BIFX Logo a Saga sbox z TS vbox to ht0 hbox m th csname S f size endcsname fontsize sf size z math fontsfalse select font A S vss kern 15em TeX As you can see the code sets T into a scratch hbox which it then uses as the height of a vbox into the top of which the A is stuck The size of the A is selected in the curious sequence involving an empty maths mode with zero mathsurround the setting up of current maths sizes using S size as it were and then using the sf size which is the current script font size thus defined This version of the logo deals with some of the problems of the IATRX209 version and pushes back the boundaries of difficulty into new areas e very small font size
36. and Thorsten Schnier It defines harvarditem as well as the citation commands cite for parenthentical and citeasnoun for textual citations The first citation uses the long author list following ones the shorter list if it has been given in the optional argument to harvarditem Bibliography styles belonging to the Harvard family are agsm dcu kluwer This package has been updated for IAT amp X 2 with many additions to add flexibility The result is a powerful interface that should meet most citation needs It does not suppress repeated authors though as natbib does 34 The natbib package 39 5 The astronomy style Apparently realizing the limitations of his apalike system Oren Patashnik went on to develop a true apa bibli ographic style making use of the method already employed by an astronomy journal This is actually very similar to the newapa label but with only the short list of authors bibitem protect astroncite Jones et al 1990 jon90 It requires the package file ast ron st y or any other style that defines ast roncite appropriately Bibliographic styles belonging to the astronomy group are apa ast ron bbs cbe humanbio humannat and jtb This is as good as the citeauthoryear command although not as flexible since the full list of authors is missing 39 6 The authordate Style Finally I have also found some packages making use of a label command called citename in the form bibitem protect
37. ber 1 EuroTfX 98 and TUG 98 Registration for the conference and or tutorials may be made directly from this Web site or with the available registration form Official registration forms which will be mailed around mid January Other forms are available on request 46 3 Enquiries General enquiries should be sent in English or in French to the Euro TfX 98 office GUTenberg BP 10 F 93220 GAGNY Principal France tel 33 0 1 30 87 06 25 fax 33 0 1 30 87 06 25 EuroTeX98ftens fr 45 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 A6 EuroTFX 98 and TUG 98 47 TUG 98 The 1998 TFX Users Group Conference The 1998 TEX Users Group Conference will take place at the Nicholas Copernicus University Torun Poland from 17th to 21st August 1998 This conference will be organised and hosted by the Polish TeX Users Group GUST Proposals for papers are now being solicited preference will be given to papers which deal most directly with the theme of the conference Integrating TeX with the surrounding world but papers on related topics e g DSSSL HTML PDF SGML XML etc are not excluded Proposals which should ideally be written in English but which may be written in mona md by prior arrangement should be sent to the TUG 98 Programme Committee email tug 9 Each proposal should include the title name address e mail address and affiliation where appropriate of the proposer together with an extended abstract
38. ch may appear in future releases 9 1 Increasing TpX s registers TEX has 256 of the most commonly used registers counts dimens skips boxes toks etc and whilst these are enough for normal applications advanced formatting systems really require more In TRX V2 we intend to provide 32768 of each of these which we hope will be sufficient for the most demanding packages Insertion classes will still be restricted to 256 or fewer and box 255 will retain its special significance The etex format will allow both local and global allocation of these registers plain allows only global and for efficiency reasons a user will be able to elect whether to allocate a register from the dense 0 255 pool or from the sparse 256 32767 To allow the allocation mechanism to overflow from dense to sparse without risking a conflict with the allocation of insertion classes the format allows a user or package to pre reserve a number of insertion classes Facilities for block allocating a contiguous set of registers will be provided 9 2 Improved natural language handling TEX overloads the 1ccode concept using it both for real lower casing operations and also for purposes of hyphen ation In e TFX V2 these operations are unbundled and the codes used for hyphenation can be staticised as the patterns are read in the current set of lccodes is used Thereafter whenever a particular language is used the corresponding set of hyphenatio
39. chapter of a book especially if they have been written by different authors The chapterbib package works in a very natural way for the author only the editor who puts all the chapters together into one book has to do some extra work The package makes use of the include command and it is in fact every included file that has its own bibliography For large books it makes very good sense to take advantage of this feature in any case To review the use of include recall that the main file documentclass includeonly ch2 begin document include ch1 include ch2 include ch3 end document will process only the file ch2 tex as though the files chl tex and ch3 tex were also present That is all counters especially the page and section numbers as well as cross referencing definitions will function as if the whole document were processed The trick is that each included file has it own aux file containing these definitions 40 The natbib package and they are all read in every time even if the corresponding tex file is not The aux files also contain the citation information for BIBTEX something that the chapterbib package exploits If usepackage chapterbib has been given the keys in each cite and bibitem command are asso ciated with the current included file and are distinguished from the identical key in a different file Each of these files must contain its own bibliography and bibliographystyle com
40. citename Jones et al 1990 jon90 This is not a good system since the author list and date are not cleanly separated as individual arguments and since the punctuation is included in the label text It is better to keep the punctuation fully removed as part of the definitions in the sty file for complete flexibility Bibliographic styles belonging to this group are authordatel authordate2 authordate3 authordate4 and aaai named with an accompanying style file authordatel 4 sty 40 The natbib system The form of the bibitem entry that I have used for all my bibliographic styles is only slightly more complicated than the minimal one but allows a clean separation between authors and date bibitem Jones et al 1990 jon90 or alternatively bibitem Jones et al 1990 Jones Baker and Williams jon90 One weakness of the natbib format is that it fails if the author list itself contains parentheses This may be fixed by grouping the author list in curly braces I wanted to name the system something like natural sciences bibliography intending it to be a variant of natsci sty Since that name was already taken I resorted to the rather cryptic and definitely ugly natbib The natbib sty package supports not only my own bibitem format but also all the others described above plus numerical citation modes The additional questions of citation style type of brackets commas or semi colons between citations can be define
41. clude a non numerical label in place of the number in the form bibitem ABC95 able95 As far as natbib is concerned this label does not conform to the author year possibilities and is therefore considered to be numerical The citation mode switches to numerical and cite able95 prints ABC95 42 2 New bibliography styles I provide three new bst files to replace the standard I4TRX numerical ones plainnat bst abbrvnat bst and unsrtnat bst These produce reference lists in the same style as the corresponding standard bst file but can only be used with natbib The advantage is that they can be used in both numerical and author year mode In fact unsrtnat bst is rather silly for author year citations the references are listed in the order they were cited which makes it difficult to find them It is only included in case an author wishes to switch from plainnat author year to the unsorted numerical mode retaining the citeauthor and citeyear commands in his paper It is not possible to produce a modified version of alpha bst since it would conflict with the bibitem format of natbib 43 Local configuration For IATFX 2 it is possible to add a local configuration file natbib cfg which is read in if it exists at the end of the package It may thus contain coding to supecede that in the package although its main purpose is to allow the user to add his own bibstyle bst definitions to couple citation punctuation with local b
42. cters may appear only one pixel wide Because this is the minimum feature width on a pixel based device ordinary non bold characters also appear with one pixel wide features and cannot be distinguished from bold characters If bit 19 is set features of bold characters may be thickened at small text sizes It should be stressed that the font flags provided for many fonts in the currently distributed pdftex map are not correctly derived fontfile the name of the font source file This must be a Type 1 or TrueType font file If it is preceded by a lt then the font file will be partly downloaded if it preceded by a double lt lt then the font file will be included entirely 10 The pdfTEX user manual Otherwise the font is not included and only the font parameters are extracted Note that the font file must always be available at runtime even if it not downloaded encoding the encoding vector used for the font It may be preceded by a lt but the effect is the same The format is identical to that used by dvips Here are some sample lines from pdftex map Include font entirely without reencoding pgsr8r GillSans 34 lt lt pgsr8a pfb Include font partly without reencoding pgsr8r GillSans 34 lt pgsr8a pfb Do not include font or reencode it but extract parameters from font file pgsr8r GillSans 34 pgsr8a pfb Include font entirely and reencode pgsr8r GillSans 34 lt lt pgsr8a pfb 8r enc Partially incl
43. culate an actual value to use for the kern and complete the fractured coding of the standard logo tempdima strip pt fontdimenl font tempdima advance tempdima 36em kern tempdima vbox to ht0 box tempboxa vss oe That example was achieved by selecting huge outside of the NFSS the original complaint was about a 1 inch high logo at which size it s difficult to see that there s an A there at all 29 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Typesetting the BIEX Logo a Saga kern 15em TeX This code improves the appearance of inclined copies of the logo inclined copies are absolutely dire if you re using Baskerville fonts as we do in Baskerville compare ATX the standard logo with ATEX the above code 35 But the standard code doesn t even work with CM family fonts Section titles in TUGboat are set in cms sbxf the fragility of the logo is demonstrated by the fact that the standard code fails with this font ATEX When the first ATEX macros section turned up since I joined the TUGboat production team Barbara Beeton asked me to sort it out Since this problem is occurring for an upright font the
44. d of sources it is no longer certain that just because site A has font F site B will have the same font We are therefore considering providing an iffont primitive which will allow T X to ascertain at run time whether a particular font exists on the system on which the document is being processed It is not certain at this stage whether this would be a simple does this font exist test or a more complex does it exist and is the TFM file for it valid t ryfont has also been suggested as an alternative approach 10 2 Maths alignments Peter Breitenlohner the implementer of e T X probably typesets more mathematics than the rest of the group put together and he believes that there is a case for a maths alignment primitive He has not yet finished his research on this topic and all that can be said at this stage is that we are considering implementing some form of malign 10 3 Typesetting on a grid Whilst TEX is excellent at typesetting in designs where variable quantities of white space can be allowed to occur trying to coerce it to set on a regular grid something at which packages such as Quark Xpress excel is far more difficult The various macro based solutions which have been tried do not seem to address the underlying problems and we are looking at providing an entirely new paradigm within T X whereby material being typeset can be caused to lock on to a grid at some point in the page building process Although
45. d once and for each bst file and need never be specified explicitly in the source text The use of cite is the same for all citation styles meaning that the additional features that might be available in the proper st y file will be missing This could be changed later The result is a single IATRX package to handle all the bibliographic styles in a uniform manner In previous versions of this package each bst file was either numerical or author year only Applying the wrong mode led to grotesque results and the mode could not always be selected automatically With version 6 0 onwards all the author year bibliographic style files can also be used for numerical citations by simply selecting the mode in one of the ways described on pp B8 and B3 It is not possible to employ author year citations with pure numerical bst files and never will be 41 Using this package natbib is loaded in the normal way documentclass usepackage options natbib The options available provide a means of specifying the punctuation for citations Formerly called a style file in the older IAT X 2 09 terminology 35 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 round default for round parentheses square for square brackets curly for curly braces angle for angle brackets colon default to separate multiple citations with colons comma to use commas as separaters authoryear default for author year citations n
46. d special purpose IXT X logos for a number of font families in the macros used for the documentation distributed with IATEX Their approach which was developed independently of mine isn t as general as mine but I was interested to note that they also redefine the TX logo I hadn t bothered with that on the grounds that it seemed mostly OK in texts I had set I suppose it offers an avenue for still further enthralling developments in my study of TEX based logos The macros on CTAN include the test code I used to evaluate parameters for the fonts People who feel moved to work out sets for their own favourite font family are encouraged to submit them to me for inclusion in the distribution 32 37 The natbib package Patrick W Daly Max Planck Institut fiir Aeronomie Max Planck Str 2 D 37191 Katlenburg Lindau Germany E mail daly linmpi mpg de Summary The natbib package is a reimplementation of the ATEX cite command to work with both author year and numer ical citations It is compatible with the standard bibliographic style files such as plain bst as well as with those for harvard apalike chicago astron authordate and of course natbib In contrast to the packages listed above the natbib package supports not only the various author year bibliography styles but also those for standard numerical citations In fact it can also produce numerical citations even with an author year bibliographic style something
47. e in CTAN systems pdftex bin Win This version will be compiled in the same way as Unix systems reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 2 2 Search paths When runing pdf TX some extra search paths need to be set up beyond those normally requested by TpxX itself in web2c these are VFFONTS the path where pdf T X looks for virtual fonts TIFONTS the path where pdfT X looks for Type and TrueType fonts TEXPSHEADERS the path where pdf TX looks for the font mapping file pdftex map PNG pictures and en coding files enc 3 Fonts pdf TX can only work with Type 1 and TrueType fonts at present and a source must be available for all fonts used in the document except for the 14 base fonts supplied by Acrobat Reader Times Helvetica Courier Symbol and Dingbats It is not possible to use METAFONT generated fonts in pdf T X apart from the technical reasons the resulting Type 3 fonts render very poorly in Acrobat Reader Given the free availability of Type 1 versions of all the Computer Modern fonts and the ability to use standard PostScript fonts without further ado most existing TEX users should be able to experiment with pdfTpx pdf TfX reads a map file called pdftex map Reencoding and partial downloading for each font is specified in this file Every font must be listed in this file each on a separate line The syntax of each line is similiar to dvips map files but
48. e s no menu options for superscripts and subscripts Instead these arg lt gt and lt _ gt respectively So by just using the maths panel _ keys and the ar quickly create a m T se ooo ha Current document home sa346 texIy lyx intro lyx Changed Figure 1 LyX showing the Character Layout and Maths Panels Now this is weird The third button has a user customisable effect which is set from the Layout Character menu The menu gets pinned to the display so enabling quick changes to family series shape and size Even so dedicated buttons for typewriter font and bold should be provided in a later release On the left of the tool bar is the style selector Here you can choose most of the important IAT EX layout styles such as sections with and without asterisk the three basic list environments verse and quote There s also the LaTeX option which allows the author to directly enter a ATX command these appear in red on the screen More about this later 21 Getting started Choose New from the File menu The file picker is definitely not Motif which is one good thing to say about xforms You can also choose a file template which is used to initialise the document by inserting its contents into the new one And away you go As you type LyX automatically breaks the line and wraps the cursor onto the following line You should only press lt Return gt to end the paragraph Using lt Control Return gt ent
49. ear Jones Barker and Williams Jones et al 1990 jon90 Actually this only illustrates the basic structure of citeauthoryear the newapa files go even further to replace some words and punctuation with commands For example the word and above is really betweenauthors something that must be defined in the sty file Of course citeauthoryear is also defined in that file A number of different cite commands are available to print out the citation with complete author list with the short list with or without the date the textual or parenthetical form Thus the citeauthoryear entry in bibitem is very flexible permitting the style file to generate every citation form that one might want It is used by a number of other styles with corresponding sty files They all appear to have been inspired by newapa bst although they lack the extra punctuation commands Bibliographic style files belonging to the newapa group include newapa chicago chicagoa jas99 and named The last of these named bst uses citeauthoryear in a slightly different manner with only two arguments the short list and year 39 4 The Harvard family The same effect is achieved by a different approach in the Harvard family of bibliographic styles Here a substitute for bibitem is used as Xharvarditem Jones et al Jones Baker and Williams 11990 3jon90 The accompanying interface package file is called harvard sty and is written by Peter Williams
50. ed macros are now inhibited from expansion when T X is scanning ahead while processing alignments 9 10 Optimisations To improve the overall efficiency of e TFX internal modifications have been made to reduce the resources required when there are a number of aftergroups active for a single group and to eliminate the stack space wasted in setting a register to the same value as it currently holds 16 e T X V2 a peek into the future 9 11 Access to the components of a glue quantity Whilst it is possible to gain access to the various components of a glue value by clever macro programming the code required is sufficiently arcane to suggest that a better method is much to be preferred Accordingly we are considering a set of primitives gluestretch gluestretchorder glueshrink and glueshrinkorder which will give much simplified access to these quantities As a part of the same process we are looking at two conversion primitives mutoglue and gluetomu 9 12 Improved typographic quality Whilst the majority of the work in e T X is aimed at providing the TEX programmer with more powerful tools we are aware that the real purpose of TEX is to generate typeset output of the highest quality During a meeting in Brno with Prof Knuth on the occasion of his honorary doctorate he suggested that we might like to consider improving the typographic quality of the last line of a paragraph According to Don traditional hot lead typesetters
51. ein Usually the citation style is determined by the journal for which one is writing and is as much a part of the bibliography style as everything else The natbib package allows punctuation definitions to be directly coupled to the bibliographystyle command that must always be present when BIBTEX is used It is this command that selects 38 The natbib package the bst file by adding such a coupling to natbib for every bst file that one might want to use it is not necessary to add bibpunct explicitly in the document itself unless of course one wishes to override the preset values Such a coupling is achieved by defining a command bibstyle bst where bst stands for the name of the bst file For example the American Geophysical Union AGU demands in its publications that citations be made with square brackets and separated by semi colons I have an agu bst file to accomplish most of the formatting but such punctuations are not included in it Instead natbib has the definition newcommand bibstyle agu bibpunct r fah These style defining commands may contain more than just bibpunct Some numerical citation scheme require even more changes For example the journal Nature not only uses superscripted numbers for citations it also prints the numbers in the list of references without the normal square brackets To accommodate this natbib contains the style definition newcommand bibstyle nature bibpunct
52. ere the error occurred By clicking left over the box it opens to show you the description of the error This is really neat From the Edit menu use Goto error to rapidly move between the different errors Printing is possible from the File menu as well as from a dedicated button in the tool bar A print dialogue allows the author to choose the name of the printer that which would normally be appended to a P option using an lpr command the stacking order normal or reverse and whether to print to a file or printer When the document is printed LyX doesn t bother to re format the document if nothing has been changed Because I4TpX is only run once this causes problems if your document uses cross references The work around is to format the document twice using File Run LaTeX and then to use the print button 6 though LyX does not display two columns if double column is chosen 26 Typesetting the BIFX Logo a Saga Figure 2 The spell checker window It s possible to create to quote the menu a nice tex file from the lyx file This can be sent to someone who doesn t use LyX and will naturally produce an identical output notwithstanding the usual issues of fonts and packages This is how this document was transmitted to the editors of Baskerville 29 Spell Checker LyX supports a spell checker by interfacing with the GNU ispell command which must be separately installed Using the spell checker is simplici
53. ers a command If you make change to a paragraph LyX instantly re formats the screen to show its new appearance LyX doesn t hyphenate words it always breaks at word boundaries However remember LyX is only approximating to the final appearance Once you format the document TEX will be finding the line breaks instead Use lt Control Space gt for an unbreakable space tie which is shown as a small red uf New paragraphs are automatically shown indented but not of course immediately following a section The menu Layout Paragraph can be used to cancel paragraph indentation This has a global effect on the document LyX has intelligent quotes which are used when the double quote character is entered You can select English French or German quote marks though the display always shows English 5 I tried unsuccessfully to create this symbol by using verb This produced a IXT X error though not when I created a tex file and then formatted that 33 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Clicking the floppy disc icon in the tool bar automatically saves your document back to disc There s also a timed backup feature From the Edit menu there is an infinite depth undo facility LyX also supports PC style cut copy and paste via three buttons in the tool bar It doesn t however support the normal X selection which is a shame so you can t export from LyX to other X applications though you can import
54. g list We have held no meetings other than the present one This was a conscious decision by your committee as I explained at our last AGM attendance at our meetings has been very poor of late and tutorial meetings which are what people actually ask for are more poorly attended still and regularly make a thumping loss There is an agenda item for you to propose topics for meetings but you can submit proposals at any time to the Secretary see back page for contact details You will remember that last year I mentioned the committee s ambition to change UKTUG s financial year The reason as I explained last year was to enable us to hold an annual meeting during the late part of the summer combining a significant two day technical meeting with a general meeting Unless we change the financial year we cannot hope to conduct a sensible AGM any earlier in the year than October Unfortunately such a change would be a change to the constitution and constitutional motions require infeasibly large attendance at meetings to get passed 1Of which I am a member I concur with the decision 2Those of you that the group can send email to will already have heard of this decision reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 We have therefore decided not to present a motion on this matter and the only motions your committee has submitted are those we are required by the constitution to submit
55. given with the full author list but that all subsequent ones with the abbreviated list Include the option longnamesfirst to enable this for natbib See p A 41 2 Extended citation commands As an alternative form of citation citealt is the same as citet but without any parentheses Similarly citealp is citep with the parentheses turned off Multiple references notes and the starred variants also exist citealt jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 citealt jon90 gt Jones Baker and Williams 1990 citealp jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 citealp jon90 Jones Baker and Williams 1990 citealp jon90 jam91 gt Jones et al 1990 James et al 1991 citealp pg 32 jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 pg 32 37 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Partial citations In author year schemes it is sometimes desirable to be able to refer to the authors without the year or vice versa This 1s provided with the extra commands Yciteauthor jon90 gt Jones et al citeauthor jon90 Jones Baker and Williams citeyear jon90 gt 1990 Xciteyearpar jon90 1990 There also exists a command citefullauthor which is equivalent to Aciteauthor If the full author in formation is missing then Aciteauthor is the same as citeauthor printing only the abbreviated list This also applies to the starred versions of citet and citep If the author or year information is missing as is the case
56. go looked awful specifically when typeset in Baskerville Italic Barbara s observation set me on a quest for a resilient macro to typeset this curious object I still haven t found any philosopher s stone for this task but I have at least got a formula that enables one to codify some working parameters in a 4TpX like sort of way Sebastian Rahtz in one of his fulminating editorials cried a pox on all these logos In retrospect one could wish that Lamport hadn t taken us beyond Knuth s original TEX logo which seemed amusing at first encounter but while one can steadfastly ignore most other logos it seems difficult to ignore IATRX whether you re a convinced user or a virulent hater I hope that the work I describe here will make its own small contribution to the beauty of descriptions in ATEX of IAT X itself or will at least draw them back from the abyss of hideousness that the logo itself seems inexorably to pull towards 32 The Old BTFX coding The last release of 2 09 dating from March 1992 had def p LaTeX reset font rm L kern 36em raise 3ex hbox sc a kern 15em T kern 1667em lower 7ex hbox E kern 125emxX def LaTeX protect p LaTex Apart from the reset font this is in essence Lamport s original coding the definition of p LaTexX provides the basis for the robust command LaTeX Lamport s original was fragile The output the macro produces is reasonable if you re using cmr at a
57. her with the discounted at least 20 price is distributed occasionally with Baskerville but is always available from the Treasurer Please add 1 50 for the first book and 50p for each book after the first on the same order for despatch to a single address We are only allowed to offer this service to current members of the UKTUG and or members of TUG Please send your order and cheque in UK to Peter Abbott Make cheques payable to UKTUG please All books will be routed through UKTUG In all cases please notify Peter Abbott by email phone fax or letter when books are delivered This means that provided the book s are in stock it will normally take at least a week from receipt of order to delivery of the book s 69 Obtaining TeX from CTAN The UK T X Archive on ftp tex ac uk is part of the CTAN Comprehensive TEX Archive Network collaborating network of archives on the Internet organised by the TEX Users Group For interfaces and catalogues of CTAN you are referred to Graham Williams TX and BIEX Catalogue which reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1
58. his is used to insert a new list level into an existing list For example to achieve e This is an item of an itemize list This is the first item of a list within the first e end the change environment depth was used after entering the first item so that the following item was at the next level After entering the second line lt Return gt puts LyX back at the previous level Using the highlight then apply model it s possible to select a number of items for moving to a new level 1 This is an item of an enumerated list e When typed this was item 2 it will be moved to a new level e When typed this was item 3 2 When typed this was item 4 23 Footnotes and marginal notes A footnote is inserted into the document by using the dedicated button in the tool bar This opens a text box on the screen into which the footnote text is entered By clicking left on the box s foot tab the footnote is closed and a small red foot appears in the main text Double clicking left on this re opens the box for editing Clicking right in the opened box allows the footnote to be deleted called melting Once the footnote has been melted its text just becomes part of the document The opposite it true as well just highlight a piece of text click the footnote button and voila one footnote Marginal notes are handled in an identical manner 24 Figures and tables Figures and tables can be inserted either here or as floats You a
59. his point as is traditional Robin vacated the Chair and Philip Taylor took over the meeting 58 Election of Committee Members Of the current committee Peter Abbott Treasurer continues to stand Sebastian Rahtz continues Robin Fairbairns was standing down as Chair but had been nominated for the new Committee David Carlisle was standing down 3 year rule Mark Wooding co opted shortly after 96 AGM was standing down as co opted but was nominated on the day to stand in the next committee Malcolm Clark standing down 2 3 rule but was nominated on the day to stand in the next committee e Kaveh Bazargan standing down 2 3 rule but was nominated on the day to stand in the next committee Nominations had been received from Jonathan Fine and Dominik Wujastyk and The following members were also nominated on the day according to the ruling announced in the Chairman s statement Kim Roberts David Hardy and Roy Everett As fewer than 12 places were filled all people nominated were elected without vote 59 9 Report on Baskerville 60 10 T Xnical services to members A printed report on Baskerville and TfXnical services to members had been distributed at the meeting Sebastian Rahtz spoke briefly introducing the items They were accepted with no substantive comment 61 11 Motions proposed by members Jonathan Fine had proposed four motions to the meeting they were taken in turn and voted on by paper ballot The papers
60. ibliography styles 44 LEX freelance editors sought The journals department of Taylor and Francis use a number of freelance copy editors and due to a recent increase in disk submission are recruiting freelancers with on screen facilities in particular those able to work with IAT X files Contact Julie Knight Journal Production Administrator Taylor amp Francis Ltd 1 Gunpowder Square London EC4A 3DE 0171 583 0490 ext 547 julie knight tandf co uk reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 45 EuroT X 98 and TUG 98 46 EuroTgx 98 Saint Malo France March 29th to 31st 1998 GUTenberg is organizing the 10th European TEX Conference which will be a part of WEPT 98 the second international Week on Electronic Publishing and Typography held in Saint Malo Brittany France from March 29th to April 3rd 1998 EuroTpx 98 will be the meeting place for the leading actors in the field of scientific and technical pub lishing especially those using TEX as their typesetting engine The conference stars on the morning of Sunday March 29th and lasts until midday Wednesday April 1st 1998 On Sunday four tutorials will be given two in English and two in French they will be open to all including beginners The main conference on Monday and Tuesday will feature many international experts on document publishing Finally on Wednesday morning April 1st a choice will be offered between two tours one to the medieval town
61. le Volume 8 Number 1 are entered by using lt gt and lt _ gt respectively So by just using the maths panel _ keys and the arrow keys you can quickly create Or how about atb cH so sin a at y A dx 0 VB ox The appearance of the maths on the screen is more than adequate to show the detail of what has been selected The Greek characters and special symbols are very well drawn The maths editor supports roots fractions delimiters over symbols called decorations arrays and maths spac ing It does not appear to support the non roman maths fonts log like functions nor can I determine how to get numbered equations Neither can you swap a piece of maths between display and in line you have to choose at the point of creation 26 Document styles From the Layout Document menu you can choose a number of parameters which affect the whole document These include the document class the typeface LyX supports the common POSTSCRIPT faces body type size 10pt 11pt etc paper size paper orientation landscape or portrait single or two sided single or double column f language from which you can choose from about 20 possibilities baseline stretch section numbering depth and table of contents depth Also from the Layout menu the Preamble option allows you to enter a series of lines which are added verbatim to the document s preamble There s good support for letters with LyX you can can
62. levant today and why the Indian group will have much to work on I will go over my 9 reasons as reflections on the way TREX and its users are evolving to meet today s needs 1 The Internet TEX users well not all of them since it makes sense only if you use structured markup can interact with the Internet in a variety of ways e Converting TEX into HTML using latex2html Tex4ht or a variety of other programs e Having IXT X read directly by a browser add on of which IBM s techxplorer seems to be the most fully developed reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 ww 00 9 8 Editorial and News e Producing Portable Document Format for display using Acrobat Reader inside a Web browser Using Han The Thanh s TX variant pdf TEX or a dvi to PostScript program with Acrobat Distiller we can make PDF files even better we can add macros such as my IEX hyperref package or Hans Hagen s ConT Xt and automatically produce PDF of a richness unsurpassed by almost any other program e There is also now XML making a very welcome appearance in the Web world and its maths application MathML Can we hope for a happy co existence between MathML and TEX Unicode and its superset standard ISO 10646 1 16 bit encoding is a reality and is alive and well in the TEX world with the extension of T X called Omega by John Plaice and Yannis Haralambous Among many other things this will allow Indian TEX users to typeset scripts such as
63. mands One processes BIBTEX on each file separately before processing it under IATFX at least twice Special considerations for natbib and chapterbib The chapterbib package provides an option sect ionbib that puts the bibliography ina sect ion instead of Xchapter something that makes sense if there is a bibliography in each chapter This option will not work when natbib is also loaded instead add the option to natbib The sect ionbib option can always be given but it only has meaning for the book and report classes or for classes derived from them Every included file with citations must contain its own bibliography command where the bibliography is to appear The database files listed as arguments to this command can be different in each file of course However what is not so obvious is that each file must also contain a bibliographystyle command preferably with the same style argument If different bibliography styles are specified for different files then the preprogrammed citation style punctuation and citation mode will be that of the first bibliography style given The preprogrammed citation styles can only be changed in the preamble see p BO something that guarantees a uniform style for the entire document The order in which the chapterbib and natbib packages are loaded is unimportant 41 9 Sorting and compressing numerical citations Another package by Donald Arseneau cite st y reimplements the entire numerical
64. matical typesetting process 11 NTS In the introduction to this paper it was mentioned that the NTS project proper had been put on ice until the group had sufficient funds to allow a programmer to be employed full time to work on the project It is with great pleasure that I can now report that as a result of the generosity of DANTE e V the group has DM 30 000 which can be used for this purpose On the recommendation of Ji Zlatu ka we have made an offer to Karel Skoupy of the Czech Republic which he has accepted and Karel will be starting work on NTS during late February 1998 It has been agreed that the language of implementation will be Sun s Java and Karel s first task apart from becoming a Java expert will be to draw up a specification for NTS Provided that the group agree with his design he will then start work on implementing NTS and we hope to be able to review his work after a further six months Within one year of commencement we hope to have a working implementation of NTS not simply a port of TEX to Java but a total re design intended to emphasise the deep structure of TEX whilst avoiding the design features which make the present system rather difficult to extend or change The group are still determined that NTS will be 100 TEX compatible and are confident that it will remain so for at least the first five years of its life We are less certain whether divergence should then be permitted in order to add new f
65. mented as a set of macros which read MetaPost output and support all of its features It is possible to insert a pure PDF file PDF that has only one page without fonts bitmaps or other resources using a macro package that reads the external PDF file line by line The two latter macro packages are part of CONTEXT supp pdf tex and supp mis tex but also work with BIEX and are distributed separately For new work the MetaPost route is highly recommended For the future Adobe have announced that they will define a specification for encapsulated PDF and this should solve some of the present difficulties 6 Macro packages supporting pdfTpx For ATEX users Sebastian Rahtz hyperref package has substantial support for pdf TFX and provides access to most of its features In the simplest case the user merely needs to load hyperref with a pdftex option and all cross references will be converted to PDF hypertext links PDF output is automatically selected text compression turned on and the page size is set up correctly Bookmarks are created to match the table of contents The standard ATEX graphics and color packages have pdftex options which allow use of normal color text rotation and graphics inclusion commands Only PNG and MetaPost files can be included The ConTEXT macro package by Hans Hagen mailto pragma pi net has very full support for pdf TEX in its generalized hypertext features Hypertexted PDF fr
66. n future work aog eee oe le Ge ak Oe oe ok oe os OE ee OS 32 f enatbib package ww a 33 9 enatser bstistylg s amp amp amp e e oe w b Boe o a 4 34 9 eapalike Dststylg lt a mom a 2 amp w W osos amp A o e amp e o 34 9 enewapastylq i 34 eHarvardfamily 2 we a 34 e astronomy style eo oe amp di A amp bw a ee wy ee be A 35 9 6 eauthordatestylgd e ds mms ee eds amp amp Bom amp amp amp amp w o 35 35 35 36 37 3 Selecting citation punctuation 2 a 38 4 Priority of style command A Bo bee oe ce og ee ak abe oh a ee 39 711 5 Other formatting option BB ew Soe me Hh 2 6 8 amp Af a A 39 6 Automatic Indexing of Citation 2 a 40 Hyp X patibility a 40 8 Multiple bibliographies in one document koi a e e a e a a a 40 9 Sorting and compressing numerical Cda AL AT IOLong author list on first citatio DA e a AL ee e AAA A A 41 42 Numerical citations with author year styles ee 42 electing numericalmode 2 1 a a a 42 Cy s N E K Va a lt N Q i Dp Nh rine d lo o N Q p s Y Ud E UJ A i E GQ UY TU CI oI Po FU and N O O de E Editorial and News 42 2 New bibliography styles A5 Euro TEX 98 and TUG 98 6 Euro TEX IS y onterencd 4s Bursary tor UX TUG members to attend X conference 9 D d K eT ote ace Q Provisional minutes of the UK TUG AG
67. n codes is loaded reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 9 3 Arithmetic expressions Although TEX can perform simple arithmetic addition multiplication and division these operations are assignments and therefore cannot be used in expansion only and certain other contexts TEX V2 provides a set of arithmetic primitives which evaluate an expression in such a way that the value of the expression can be accessed in expansion only contexts as well as being usable for example when TEX is looking for a number dimen etc As TEX intentionally uses only integer arithmetic wherever the results of a computation are accessible to the user floating point arithmetic has not been provided There are four new primitives numexpr dimexpr glueexpr and muexpr each of which requires its operands to be of appropriate type or coercible to that type Parentheses may be used to indicate precedence wherever this will clarify or disambiguate an expression The normal arithmetic operators 6 9 69 6 and f are allowed within an expression 9 4 Discards are no longer discarded When TEX performs page breaking so called discardable items which follow the chosen breakpoint are discarded whilst this is perfectly reasonable if the page break is actually taken recursive techniques aimed at optimising the appearance of multiple pages require the ability to undo a
68. n stop for 200 years From the past to the present as we drove to Cape Comorin the southern most tip of India where you can see both sunrise and sunset across the sea from the same spot and where three oceans meet Here in the late 19th century Swami Vivekananda a very influential religious reformer swam out to a bare rock in the sea meditated for five days 20 An introduction to LyX and achieved a state of enlightenment to accord him the status of a saint Now there is a modern memorial on the rock and we joined hundreds of pilgrims in the boat ride to examine the spot Thence back north trying to visit a Jain temple set deep in a cave but sadly the gates were locked and some monkeys laughed from the rock On the Sunday to Kerala s secret paradise the long salt waterway that runs for 200 km parallel to the sea sometimes as a wide as a lake at other times turning into quiet green tunnels with barely enough depth for the boat A vista of endless cocoanut palms half hidden houses and small fishing boats provided a very relaxing boat trip 17 Conclusion This was a worthwhile if exhausting trip and I hope it gave a good start to TUG India When I left they already had 79 members signed up just from word of mouth so the group looks set to be active It is hoped to cycle the meetings around the different parts of India as well as publishing a newsletter so the current bias towards the south should soon be corrected I must
69. n thebibliography bibitem Jones et al 1990 jon90 dones Py Key soa G end thebibliography then cite jon90 produces the parenthetical citation Jones et al 1990 but there is no way to get the textual citation Furthermore the citation text will also be included in the list of references The final problem is to find a BIBTEX bibliography style that will be suitable 39 Previous solutions Although the author year citation mode is not supported by standard 1XI X there are a number of contributed packages that try to solve this problem The various bibliographic styles bst files that exist are usually tailored to be used with a particular IATRX package Ihave found a large number of bst files on file servers that may act as indicators of the various systems available reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 39 1 The natsci bst style What gave me my first inspiration was Stephen Gildea s natsci bst for use with his agujgr sty file This showed me that the problem was solvable However Gildea s style formats bibitem just as I illustrated above with an optional label consisting of abbreviated authors and year Thus only parenthetical citations can be accommodated The list of references however is fixed up in his style files 39 2 The apalike bst style Oren Patashnik the originator of BIBTEX and the standard bst files has also worked on an author yea
70. nd they would work on the less demanding but still worthwhile task of extending T X in its current Pascal WEB form The first fruits of that work were revealed in late 1996 when e T X V1 was released This version added approximately 30 new primitives to TEX and a small adjunct macro library was also produced which both extended the plain TX format to accommodate the new primitives and also added new functionality such as natural language handling and TEX module libraries Once TEX V1 had been released the group were free to concentrate on the next version Originally intended to ship a year later than the first this version has slipped a little as pressure of other commitments has forced members of the team to invest less time in the project than they would have wished However V2 is now in alpha test and we confidently expect to be able to make a general release in the near future release may well have taken place by the time this article appears in print The majority of the remainder of this article describes the features that we are fairly confident will be present in that release 9 Ideas which are almost certain to appear in e T X V2 Although we do not wish to give an absolute commitment at this stage particularly as many of the proposals are the process of being tested at the time of writing we do believe that the ideas contained in the following section are very likely to appear in e TEX V2 A subsequent section discusses ideas whi
71. nda from last year s minutes After some clarification that these fees were identical to last year they were accepted by the meeting without vote reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 1997 AGM minutes 56 6 Setting annual institutional membership fee The membership fee for 1998 shall be 100 00 for institutional membership Similarly the institutional membership fees were accepted without vote to be the same as last year Peter announced he had reached agreement with TUG that institutions should in future be offered joint TUG UKTUG membership At this point Jonathan Fine proposed a procedural motion to change the order of the Agenda He had circulated an alternative agenda to attendees The motion was not seconded and so discussion moved to the next point on the original Agenda 57 7 Confirmation of Philip Taylor as Chair of the Group Robin Fairbairns explained that Baskerville was late due to his illness and finally due to technical failures with the printer used to produce the issue at Cambridge This resulted in the fact that the announcement of an election for Chair slipped and so the committee agreed to announce the nominations should close on 24th October Nomination of Jonathan Fine was received 26th September before the announcement went out and shortly afterwards from Philip Taylor Shortly before close of Nominations Jonathan withdrew his nomination and so Philip was elected to the Chair unopposed At t
72. om texinfo documents can be created with pdftexinfo tex which is a slight modifi cation of the standard texinfo macros This is part of the pdf TEX distribution A similiar modification of the webmac called pdfwebmac tex allows production of hypertexted PDF versions of program written in WEB This is part of the pdf TFX distribution Some nice samples of pdfI X output can be found on the TUG Web server at applications pdftex 14 7 e T X V2 a peek into the future Philip Taylor Royal Holloway and Bedford New College University of London E mail P TaylortVms Rhbnc Ac Uk Summary TEX V1 was released towards the end of 1996 and it was intended at the time that e TFX V2 should be released approximately one year later For various reasons the release date has slipped a little but V2 is in alpha test and we confidently expect to release it in the near future indeed it may well have been released by the time that this article appears in print In this article the new features of V2 are reviewed and we conclude by peeking a little further into the future to see what will happen with NTS 8 Introduction When the NTS project was first established in 1992 we hoped that work would commence fairly quickly Sadly it became all too obvious that a project of that magnitude would require one or more full time workers and none of the volunteer team had that sort of time to spare The team decided that until funding could be fou
73. on format the first line of each reference is flush left the following lines are set with an indentation from the left margin This indentation is 1 em by default but may be changed by redefining with set length the length parameter bibhang The indentation after the first line of each reference is given by bibhang change this with the set length command The vertical spacing between references in the list whether author year or numerical is controlled by the length bibsep If this is set to O pt there is no extra line spacing between references The default spacing depends on the font size selected in document class and is almost a full blank line Change this by redefining bibsep with set length command The vertical spacing between references is set by bibsep change this with the set length command 41 6 Automatic Indexing of Citations If one wishes to have the citations entered in the idx indexing file it is only necessary to issue citeindextrue at any point in the document All following cite commands of all variations then insert the corresponding entry to that file With citeindexfalse these entries will no longer be made The bibitem commands in the thebibliography environment will also make index entries If this is not desired then issue citeindexfalse before bibliography or begin thebibliography Of course makeindex must also be issued in the preamble to activate indexing as usual Otherwise no indexing
74. ort A financial statement had been sent to all members with the notice of the meeting Peter Abbott explained a few more mysterious points 1 The item for expenses itemised as Chair were in fact running costs for Baskerville Both items being Robin Fairbairns 2 The IATEX3 funds since the close of the UKTUG financial year had been split off into a separate account and would not therefore be shown on future UKTUG statements 3 From a question from Malcolm Clark Peter confirmed the group s finances were stable growing slightly mainly due to CD sales and extra members and that therefore the group could afford to run meetings such as today s at a loss Philip Taylor noted that the Bursaries that the group had made in the past had been gratefully received and he thanked the group on behalf of the recipients and the organisers of the conferences supported 54 4 Apointment of Auditors Peter Abbott reported that a change in the law meant that it was not necessary for a the group accounts to be audited but rather just inspected by a competent independent person Peter hoped to find such a person within a few weeks 55 5 Setting annual membership fee The membership fee for 1998 shall be 20 00 for full membership or 5 00 for full time student membership Peter Abbott again pointed out that the date for discount should be January 31 rather than December This mistake having been copied over to the present age
75. otocopies were circulated to those present at the 1998 AGM Dear Jonathan Thanks for your letter About birthdays I believe with the Beatles that a 64th birthday is vastly more interesting than a 60th birthday Thus I will be looking forward most eagerly to January 10 2002 However I am of course delighted that you and others might still appreciate some of my work after having ben exposed to it for so long Thanks for the sentiment About NTS and Q etc I have always encouraged work that leads to improvements in typography I want TEX itself to remain a fixed point forever warts and all entirely my responsibility but I also believe that anything of nontrivial complexity is inherently non optimum So I look forward to continued improvements by conscientious people who are dedicated to quality software I do warn them that the task of reaching a decent fixed point is not easy Best wishes for a successful AGM I received my invitation two days ago and it looks like a splendid meeting has been planned although of course I cannot take the time to travel while working on TAOCP Sincerely Donald E Knuth It is at present too early in my opinion to make plans for Knuth s 64th octal 100 and binary 1 000 000 birthday But in a year or perhaps two we should allow the prospect of such a meeting to celebrate his contribution to come forward in our minds reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 Donald Knuth s 60th bi
76. ource you ll need to quote the authors a good C compiler as well as the xforms library available from ftp via ecp fr pub xforms Although the current version is only 0 10 7 and described as a beta version it is reasonably complete and usable The software is written by Matthias Ettrich ably assist by many others too numerous to mention This article was prepared using LyX While doing so I only experienced 3 crashes over a period of several hours plus a few oddities which are described LyX is a front end for an existing working ATEX 2 installation It won t work with the older 2 09 release It likes to use xdvi for screen previewing and dvips for printing though other printer drivers may be usable by re configuring LyX via its configuation file To create a WYSIWYG word processor for IATEX would be an extremely complicated task So LyX takes a different approach it uses 1yx files which internally resemble TEX but which are not This allows LyX to manage the style of the code creation which in turn simplifies what is already a complicated task How many different ways are there to make a word bold with ATEX I can think of at least three but LyX only understands one LyX then interprets the code in real time it does not constantly run IATFX in order to update the display Thus the screen shows an approximation to the final output not the exact output Because LyX uses its own internal format you cannot u
77. p Secretary Peter Abbott Secretary Jonathan Fine Kaveh Bazargan Malcolm Clark malcolm clark kcl ac ukj Roy Everett Robin Fairbairns Robin Fairbairns cl cam ac uki David Hardy Sebastian Rahtz s rahtz elsevier co uki Kim Roberts Mark Wooding Dominik Wujastyk 66 Contacting UKTUG Please send UKTUG subscriptions and book or software orders to the Treasurer Peter Abbott 1 Eymore Close Selly Oak Birmingham B29 4LB Fax telephone 0121 476 2159 General enquires should be sent to the Secretary Jonathan Fine 203 Coldhams Lane Cambridge CB1 3HY Tele phone 01223 215389 UKTUG maintains pages on the World Wide Web athttp www tex ac uk UKTUG Email enquiries about UKTUG to uktug enquiries tex ac uk 67 Baskerville Articles may be submitted via electronic mail to baskerville tex ac uk or on MSDOS compatible discs to Sebastian Rahtz Elsevier Science Ltd The Boulevard Langford Lane Kidlington Oxford OX5 1GB to whom any correspondence concerning Baskerville should also be addressed Back issues from the previous 12 months may be ordered from UKTUG for 2 each earlier issues are archived on CTAN in usergrps uktug 68 Book Discounts for UKTUG members We have arrangements with Addison Wesley for their well known TgxX related publications and with International Thomson Publishing to supply any of the very excellent O Reilly amp Associates Inc series of books to members The agreed list of books toget
78. parts the changes to TX and the addition of driver features The TpX specific part is written as a change file to the original source of TEX and contains e apart that generates PDF code visually equivalent to DVI commands e virtual font processing e implementation of new primitives for PDF control The driver part is written as several source files in C and implements e font mapping e font inclusion and partial downloading e font re encoding e PNG picture insertion using the public domain 1ibpng code e text compression using the public domain zlib code 2 1 Compilation pdf TEX is supplied as a set of additions to the standard Unix Web2c setup and is a standard part of Web2c 7 2 from January 1998 compilation should present no problems on most Unix systems Porting it to other setups will require a little work because of the requirement to combine the normal TEX Web output and the parts written in C For Win32 systems Windows 95 Windows NT there are two packages that contain pdf T X both in Web2c for Win32 is maintained by Fabrice Popineau mailto popineau ese metz fr and MikTeX by Christian Schenk mailto cschenk berlin snafu de A binary version of pdf TEX for Amiga is made available CTAN systems pdftex bin Amiga by Andreas Scherer mai lto Scherer Physik RWTH Aachen De To make the situation more complicated a Win32 binary version of pdf TEX compiled with Cygnus tools will also be made availabl
79. phics Two commonly used techniques are not available the inclusion of Encapsulated PostScript figures and the inclusion of raw PostScript commands the techique utilized by the pstricks package Although PDF is a direct descendant of PostScript it lacks any programming language commands and cannot deal with arbitrary PostScript There are two ways to proceed with existing EPS files firstly convert them to PNG using programs like Image Magick Image Alchemy or Ghostscript or secondly try converting them to simple PDF If the picture has no special fonts the chances are quite good that Ghostscript s pdf writer will produce a file containing a single PDF object which can be included using pdf1iteral commands this is managed by the standard IATEX graphics package Other alternatives for graphics in pdf T X are 1 IATFX picture mode since this is implemented simply in terms of font characters it works in exactly the same way as usual 2 Xy pic If the PostScript backend is not requested Xy pic uses its own Type fonts and needs no special attention 3 tpic The tpic special commands used in some macro packages can be redefined to produce literal PDF using macros by Hans Hagen 13 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 4 MetaPost although the output of MetaPost is PostScript it is in a highly simplified form and a MetaPost to PDF conversion written by Hans Hagen and Tanmoy Bhattacharya is imple
80. port on this trip can be found elsewhere in this Baskerville In the opening session I tried to give an explanation of why T X was still relevant and it seems appropriate to offer the points I made to UK readers as well When Donald Knuth started TX he thought he was undertaking the simple task of writing a typesetting program which he could use to prepare volumes of his monumental series The Art of Computer Programming in the event it called for 10 years work and the creation of not only TX but a companion font drawing program METAFONT and the Computer Modern family of fonts During the years of development Knuth made some significant decisions e He decided to place the program in the public domain for all to use not only was this generous in itself but it prompted many people to try it confident in the knowledge that they could find out what it was doing that 1t had no secrets e He worked on the design substantially alone albeit with a group of graduate students and the help of research grants this meant that the main TEX programs have a single architecture and are to all intents and purposes free of bugs the work of an individual not a team Knuth listened to feedback and encouraged it This led to the creation of the TEX Users Group in about 1980 which did much to popularize the software e He wrote the programs using his WEB system of literate programming in which the program code and its docu mentation are inextricably
81. ppear to have to choose at the time these are created you don t seem to be able to change your mind later Inserting a table causes it to appear on the screen centred under the current sentence Choosing a table float opens up a red table box into which the table can be inserted and a caption added to the Table prompt The box can then be collapsed in a same way as for footnotes 24 An introduction to LyX 24 1 The Table Editor Creating a table actually a tabular environment is achieved using a table editor The first stage is to select the number of rows and columns Sliders are provided for this defaulting to 5x5 Once the size is set an empty table is inserted into the document with the cursor positioned in the top left cell The table s initial layout assumes the first row will be used as a heading and it is separated from the rest of the table by two horizontal lines h1 ines Rows and columns have separating rules With the cursor positioned in a cell entering text causes the text to appear in the cell and all cells of the same column automatically expand to the same width exactly as you d expect with the tabular environment To edit neighbouring cells simple use the cursor arrow keys or click the left mouse button With the insert cursor in a cell clicking right displays a table menu which allows you to change the following the text alignment from center to left or right delete the column or row append a new column o
82. r row choose the rules used separate cells select rule left top and or bottom If no rule is selected a dotted line is drawn to show the separation between rows or columns combine adjacent cells into a single cell multicolumn This is achieved by high lighting the cells and choosing multicolumn from the table menu I found that in version 0 10 7 this sometimes caused problems Using the table editor this is one of the examples from Lamport type Style smart red short rather silly puce tall In Lamport the table had a double rule at the top and bottom This particular feature seems not to be possible with the table editor cline s aren t possible either Another tabular feature which I almost always use namely arraystretch must be set by entering the required command directly see below Vertical space above and or below the table can be added by high lighting the entire table and then changing the paragraph settings from the Layout Paragraph menu This also permits the table alignment to be changed to left of right 24 2 Figures LyX allows the inclusion of figures in one of three formats encapsulated PostScript which is displayed centred on the page in lined encapsulated PostScript which is displayed aligned with the adjacent text IXTFX which permits you to input a file and display it centred on the page The first two formats create boxes on the screen with an F to signify a figure Double clicking
83. r style called apalike bst with a corresponding apalike sty to support it Again only the parenthetical citation is provided Except for the fact that his style works with version 0 99 of BIBTEX its functionality is identical to that of the nat sci files Patashnik does not like author year citations He makes this very clear in his BIBTEX manuals and in the header to apalike bst Nevertheless one should respect his work in this area simply because he should be the best expert on matters of BIBTEX Thus apalike bst could be the basis for other styles The form of the thebibliography entries in this system is bibitem Jones et al 1990 jon90 as illustrated earlier This is the most minimal form that can be given I name it the apalike variant after Patashnik s apalike bst and apalike st y However there could be many independent bst files that follow this line The bibliography style files belonging to this group include apalike apalike2 cea cell jmb phapalik phppcf and phrmp 39 3 The newapa style A major improvement was achieved with newapa bst and the accompanying newapa st y files by Stephen N Spencer and Young U Ryu Under their system three separate items of information are included in the bibitem label to be used as required These are the full author list the abbreviated list and the year This is accomplished by means of a citeauthoryear command included in the label as bibitem protect citeauthory
84. r two optional arguments to add some text before and after the citation citet jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 citet chap 2 jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 chap 2 citep jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 citep chap 2 jon90 gt Jones et al 1990 chap 2 citep see jon90 gt see Jones et al 1990 citep see chap 2 jon90 gt see Jones et al 1990 chap 2 citet jon90 gt Jones Baker and Williams 1990 citep jon90 gt Jones Baker and Williams 1990 The starred versions can only list the full authors if the bst file supports this feature otherwise the abbreviated list is printed In standard IA4T X the cite command can only take a single optional text for a note after the citation here a single optional text is a post note while two are the pre and post notes To have only a pre note it is necessary to provide an empty post note text as shown above Multiple citations Multiple citations may be made as usual by including more than one citation key in the cite command argument If adjacent citations have the same author designation but different years then the author names are not reprinted citet jon90 jam91 gt Jones et al 1990 James et al 1991 36 The natbib package citep jon90 jam91 gt Jones et al 1990 James et al 1991 citep jon90 jon91 gt Jones et al 1990 1991 citep jon90a jon90b gt Jones et al 1990a b
85. rguments 1 the opening bracket symbol default 2 the closing bracket symbol default 3 the punctuation between multiple citations default 4 the letter n for numerical style or s for numerical superscript style any other letter for author year default author year note itis not necessary to specify which author year interface is being used for all will be recognized the punctuation that comes between the author names and the year parenthetical case only default the punctuation that comes between years or numbers when common author lists are suppressed default if both authors and years are common the citation is printed as 1994a b but if a space is wanted between the extra letters then include the space in the argument as For numerical mode citet j0n90 j0n91 produces Jones et al 21 22 with this punctuation between the numbers A space is automatically included for numbers but not for superscripts OV ion The optional argument is the character preceding a post note and default is a comma The bibpunct command must be issued in the preamble that is before begin document Example 1 bibpunct a changes the output of citep jon90 jon91 jam92 into Jones et al 1990 1991 James et al 1992 Example 2 bibpunct a changes the output of citep and references therein jon90 into Jones et al 1990 and references ther
86. rphy should follow in the next Baskerville and we hope to devote an entire issue to ConTpxt 3 TeX Live3 We are preparing to make a new TeX Live CD ROM with an anticipated release date of mid March 1998 It will be distributed to all UKTUG members The changes and enhancements since last year include e Updated macro font and documentation packages December 97 IATRX Improved install scripts Unix Win32 DOS DJGPP and Amiga binaries based on web2c 7 2 WIN9S5 NT system runnable directly from the CD ROM Omega e TeX and pdfTeX for Unix and Win32 Latest CMacTeX OzTeX and MikTeX distributions Addition of the extra utilities Lacheck dvidvi dtl psutils tlutils dviselect dviconcat and TeX4ht for all the Unix and Win32 binary sets e The full Con T Xt macro package e Joliet CD ROM support so that win32 users see long mixed case filenames We hope that these improvements make an attractive package for members and take another step towards the painless free TEX installations many of us dream of II Chairman s Report to the AGM of UKTUG for the period October 1996 to November 1997 Robin Fairbairns I have now served my two year stint as chair of UKTUG and have not put my name forward for re election I shall explain my reasons later I would not claim that the last 13 months have been good ones for UKTUG though I would maintain that we ve done some things right In my view one principal reason for the shortcomings of
87. rthday 49 50 Provisional minutes of the UKTUG AGM 26 November 1997 David Carlisle Present 19 members including Robin Fairbairns in Chair David Rhead had sent apologies for absence 51 1 Report of the 1996 AGM After an initial welcoming address Robin Fairbairns as Chair asked the meeting to accept the minutes of the 1996 AGM which had been distributed to attendees Peter Abbott made one correction the date by which membership fees must be paid to receive a 10 discount should be January 31 not December With this one correction the minutes were accepted by the meeting 52 2 Chair s Report Printed copies of the Chairman s report were distributed at the meeting Robin Fairbairns spoke substantially on the points in the printed text especially the point urging members to volunteer for work on the committee He pointed out that although by the letter of the constitution copies of which had been made available to all attendees thanks to Jonathan Fine nominations for committee should be submitted a week before the AGM the committee was perilously close to being inquorate 5 and so it had been agreed by the outgoing committee to be flexible and accept nominations for committee from attendees at the meeting This point was returned to in item 8 One new item was the decision to support the newly formed TUG India by sending one committee member to be decided to its inaugural meeting in January 1998 53 3 Treasurer s Rep
88. s where the scriptfont size doesn t differ much or at all from the textfont size e font sizes for which no DeclareMathSizes has been issued in this case IATRX will calculate a value for the size of Ascriptstyle which ought to be appropriate but which could well not be available within the set of fonts IATEX is willing to employ e thoroughly peculiar uses for example the man who complained on comp text tex that the textfit package produces odd effects like E Ipx which fails because the font is selected outside of the NFSS and so the A matches whatever size is NFSS selected in this case 10pt and e use in fonts that don t match the kerning parameters used It s the last problem that I ve been attempting to address in my investigations of the logo 34 My first attempt This code deals with the slant of an italic character and has been used in the published editions of the FAQ XDeclareRobustCommand 1LaTeX L setbox0 hbox T 3 setbox tempboxa hbox m th csname S f size endcsname fontsize sf size z math fontsfalse selectfont AS tempdima ht0 advance tempdima ht tempboxa That sets up the amount by which the A will be raised in tempdima the next line of code extracts the font dimension that gives the slant and multiplies t empdima by it this is simple coordinate geometry and gives an amount by which to adjust the negative kern in the standard version of the logo We then cal
89. se it to open a tex file Neither should you edit 1yx files using vi or other text editors LyX is not for IATRX power users You ll find many things which are easy using vi are just not possible within LyX as I found while composing this review However if you are a I4TRX beginner or you have a requirement to encourage users away from inferior and troublesome PC word processors LyX may be just what you need 20 The main Window The main window resembles any other GUI word processor F It has a menu bar along the top plus a single row of icons in the tool bar At the bottom of the screen a status window gives the user messages about what s happening Fig The shows the main LyX window My first gripe is that the authors have chosen to use the xforms library to give the application its look and feel This is a bit like Motif but has a number of deviations Most significant among these is the way the scroll bars work But once you ve got over this the look and feel should be acceptable According to the documentation which comes shipped with LyX the authors have had to do a lot of work on xforms to get it into the current state The choice of which tools appear in the tool bar is configurable via the lyxrc file Those that are available by default are the only ones which currently have icons so the choice isn t that great This is where I get to air my second gripe the font selection icons There are only three
90. ship of Mont Saint Michel and the other to its Library of ancient manuscripts and early printed books in Avranches EuroTpx 98 will also celebrate the 10th anniversary of the foundation of GUTenberg with a buffet dinner served on Monday evening 46 1 Connection with WEPT EuroTEX 98 is part of WEPT 98 the second Week on Electronic Documents with related conferences These include e PODDP 98 Workshop on Principles of Digital Document Processing March 29th and 30th 1998 mir ror site in USA e EuroTpx 98 e RIDT 98 Raster Imaging and Digital Typography 98 March 30th to April Ist 1998 e EP 98 Electronic Publishing 98 April 1st to 3rd 1998 These are scheduled in parallel and are open to participants in other WEPT conferences 46 2 Calendar these dates may be modified later by the organizing committee January 1998 Registrations are open February 15th 1998 Deadline for registration at preferential rate February 15th 1998 Deadline for hotel booking March 6th 1998 Final deadline for EuroT X 98 registration March 20th 1998 Deadline for refundable cancellation March 28th 1998 Welcome March 29th 1998 EuroT EX 98 tutorials March 30th 31st 1998 EuroTEX 98 conference April 1st 1998 Mont Saint Michel visit Avranches medieval Library visit From the beginning of January to February 15th a special reduced registration fee is being offered reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Num
91. sing in the auxiliary file but there is no reason why the converse should not work I have been frequently asked if I could implement this feature and I at first replied that it would be quite easy That was a mistake The numerical information was missing in the auxiliary files so the cite commands could never access it I have now recoded natbib so that the separation of author and year information comes before the information 1s written to the auxiliary file and furthermore a sequential number is also written This permits numerical citations with any of the author year bibliographic style files 42 1 Selecting numerical mode By default natbib is in author year mode This can be changed by 1 selecting a numerical bibliography style with predefined citation style defined either in the package or in the local configuration file 2 giving options numbers or super to the usepackage command 3 issuing bibpunct with the 4th mandatory argument set to n or s 4 issuing citestyle with the name of a predefined numerical bibliography style The methods are listed in order of increasing priority The natbib package will automatically switch to numerical mode if any one of the bibitem entries fails to conform to the possible author year formats There is no way to override this since such an entry would cause trouble in the author year mode There are certain special numerical styles like that of the standard alpha bst which in
92. t everything to put SGML markup into the dvi file dvi to ASCII using Tobin s dtl programs ASCII to SGML against an intermediate DTD SGML to SGML for the final DTD using a Perl library with directly interfaces with the NSGMLS parser turned out that at least two others present had also thought of similar methodologies which was reassuring From IATRX to SGML I moved on next day to DSSSL Document Style Semantics and Specification Language and its relationship with TX perhaps not everyone present quite went along with me on that one We were on safer ground discussing general aspects of electronic publishing using TEX and I was glad to able to be describe pdf T X in some detail to publicize what I consider a much under rated alternative to 1XIfX2html Eitan Gurari s TEX4ht as well as give a puff for my own TEX hyperref package One the third day we moved onto pictures and I attempted to make a rather shaky case for MetaPost Colour was a subject where it was easier to find common ground albeit by agreeing that color separation specification in TEX was much too immature at present For the last day I had decided that this was the moment where I would really make a first go at using Omega and somewhat to my surprise I was able to write compile and use a one line Omega Transformation Process after some study of Omega examples Since one of the Omega authors Yannis Haralambous is very actively working on the necessary
93. the latter should correspond to approximately one side of A4 In addition there should be an estimate of the necessary time for verbal presentation excluding questions a further five minutes will be allowed for questions after each talk and a further estimate of the number of printed pages which will be required to reproduce the full text of the article using the L TUGproc macros Any special needs should also be stated for example colour pages in the preprints proceedings e TeX pdfTeX Omega etc to process the paper 48 Bursary for UKTUG members to attend TX conferences In addition to the general Bursary funds the Committee of UKTUG has set aside the sum of 500 to sup port one or more members of UKTUG in attending overseas TEX related conferences There are two main conferences this year which could be supported from this fund EuroT X 98 in St Malo France at the end of March and TUG 98 in Torun Poland in mid August If you want assistance from this fund whether for EuroTeX or TUG98 please contact the Secretary as soon as possible see contact details on back page AJ 49 Donald Knuth s 60th birthday Jonathan Fine Recently I noticed from the TfXbook that Knuth would be 60 in 1998 I thought it might be nice to organise a meeting to express our appreciation And so I wrote to him suggesting this I also took the opportunity to ask him about his relationship and attitude to the NTS project His reply follows Ph
94. the world But by adding the Indian TEX Users Group we are making a significant contribution to filling that missing 20 But a word of warning to conclude let us not take TEX into a ghetto Let it work alongside other tools and technolo gies not against them 2 The 1997 AGM meeting Those members who had the opportunity or good sense to come to the UKTUG annual general meeting had a rare treat of listening to five very different but all entertaining and interesting speakers 1 2 Peter Flynn talked about what it means to archive documents a very salutary reminder that there is more to preserving your work than occasionally copying tex on to a floppy disk Hans Hagen described his work in developing the hugely powerful TEX macro package ConT Xt and some of the ways he uses it to produce interactive PDF documents carefully designed for screen use Timothy Murphy meditated on TX and friends redone in Java and offered a compelling vision of a network enabled distributed TEX world Han The Thanh gave an introduction to pdf TEX the TEX variant which produces PDF instead of dvi 5 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 5 Philip Taylor described the mouth watering programmer s enhancements to be provided in e T X and the plans for NTS Baskerville plans to bring you a flavour of all these presentations In this issue we print articles by Phil Taylor and Han The Thanh Peter Flynn and Tim Mu
95. trick I developed for use in Baskerville doesn t help I could have taken a hint from the documentation that s included in the IATEX distribution which defines a different logo for each font family one might use to print it however I didn t notice this and developed a version that can in principle behave differently for every value of font family series and shape The LaTeX command itself is simple it simply chooses a set of pre defined parameters or in default of that selects the parameters used in the standard logo and then relays to a patched version of the standard logo DeclareRobustCommand LaTex expandafter let expandafter tempa csname LaTeX f family f series shape endcsname ifx tempa relax let tempa LaTexX default fi expandafter LaTexX tempa The patched version of the standard logo is equally trivial newcommand LaTeX 2 L kern lem 5 sbox z T vbox to ht0 hbox m ths csname S f size endcsname fontsize sf size z math fontsfalse select font A vss IS kern 2em XTeX The parameters are defined by the command newcommand DeclareLaTeXLogo 5 expandafter def csname LaTeX 1 2 3 endcsname 4 5 whose parameters are font family series and shape and then the two extra parameters to be used by LaTeX The default setting is simply def LaTexX default 36 15 My Itugboat class defines three sets of CM family parameters DeclareLaTeXLogo
96. ty itself Mis spelled words are highlighted in the main document while in a separate win dow the alternate choices are displayed together with a number of control buttons see Fig ZSpell Checkerfigure 83 A progress bar is also provided 30 A Final Word There are a number of I4TRX features which are supported by LyX but which have not been covered in this review These include tables of content lists of figures and tables cross references bibliographic citations verse various commands for building title pages title author etc I m a die very hard user of vi but even after a couple of hours with LyX I now find myself wishing for word wrap and point click type when using an xterm There s no getting away from it GUI applications are appealing Its difficult for me to over express my admiration for this program and my thanks to the authors for their effort in producing it It s brilliant Even the beta 0 10 7 version has proved to be extremely reliable I regard 3 crashes as well within acceptable limits Such an editor is in my view long overdue for the IATRX world and the fact that Unix has been chosen as the first delivery OS heartens me no end Well done Matthias and the rest of the team 97 31 Typesetting the 4TpxX Logo a Saga Robin Fairbairns When I was collating the first edition of the UKTUG FAQ one of the people I asked to review it was Barbara Beeton and one of her comments was that the I4T X lo
97. ude font and reencode pgsr8r GillSans 34 lt pgsr8a pfb 8r enc Do not include font but extract parameters from font file and reencode pgsr8r GillSans 34 pgsr8a pfb 8r enc A TrueType font can be used in the same way as a Type font Cxr10 Cxr10 34 lt Cxr10 ttf Cxtext enc A base font can also be reencoded the name of the font file is simply ignored phvr8r Helvetica 32 lt Helvetica pfb 8r enc 4 New primitives Here is a short description of new primitives added by pdfTpx pdfoutput n Integer parameter specifying whether the output format should be DVI or PDF Positive value means PDF output otherwise DVI output This parameter cannot be specified after shipping out the first page pdfcompresslevel n Integer parameter specifying the level of text compression via z1ib Zero means no compression means fastest 9 means best 2 8 means something in between pdfpagewidth dimen pdfpageheight dimen Dimension parameters specifying the page width and page height of PDF output If not specified then they are calcu lated as hsize or vsize 2 x lin hoffset or voffset when pdfT X writes the first page pdfliteral pdf text Like special in normal TEX this can be used to insert raw PDF code into the output This allows support of color and text transformation pdfinfo author author title title subject subject keywords
98. umbers for numerical citations super for superscripted numerical citations as in Nature sort orders multiple citations into the sequence in which they appear in the list of references sort amp compress as sort but in addition multiple numerical citations are compressed if possible as 3 6 15 longnamesfirst makes the first citation of any reference the equivalent of the starred variant full author list and subsequent citations normal abbreviated list sectionbib redefines thebibliography to issue section instead of Achapter valid only for classes with a chapter command to be used with the chapterbib package If any of the formatting options are selected the predefined citation styles in the commands bibstyle bst will be no longer be effective If either bibpunct or citestyle is given in the preamble the above punctuation options will no longer hold Basic commands In this paper I distinguish between the citation mode author year or numerical and citation style the type of punc tuation used for citations The citation style is something that is independent of the bibliography style and is not programmed in the bst files 41 1 Basic citation commands The natbib package has two basic citation commands citet and citep for textual and parenthetical citations respectively There also exist the starred versions citet and citep that print the full author list and not just the abbreviated one All of these may take one o
99. unctionality which is in some way incompatible with TEX If we do decide that compatibility must be sacrificed we will give considerable notice of that decision and users who must retain the ability to process legacy documents in a manner identical to TEX will be advised to take an archive copy of NTS before compatibility is lost One exciting idea which the use of Java permits is the possibility to integrate access to A CNAN with NTS it is by no means impossible that NTS might be able to fetch for itself any module which cannot be found on the local system and which is needed in order to process a document If that becomes a reality TEX will have become truly integrated into today s and tomorrow s globally networked world ajg 12 The inaugural meeting of TUG India Sebastian Rahtz Elsevier Science Ltd Oxford s rahtz elsevier co uk 13 First stirrings Back in the summer when I first started corresponding with C V Radhakrishnan in India about TEX and SGML related matters I little thought that I would be escaping the English winter for a week in Southern India at the start of 1998 But something seemed to crystallize in the minds of some Indian T Xies and events moved fast in the subcontinent during the autumn By November 16th Radhakrishnan was able to announce to the world that the newest TEX user group had been born The Indian T X Users Group has been informally launched today at the academic premises of Department of
100. ver Christmas and New Year at precisely the location in India chosen for the TUG India launch so we were able to mount an even more impressive presence 14 India and the inauguration The TUG India meeting took place in Trivandrum the capital of Kerala state which forms the southwest corner of India It is a tropical area which sometimes seems to be entirely covered in cocoanut palms and banana trees and is famous for its Communist state government its almost 100 literacy rate and a general air of some prosperity and a good distribution of wealth The principle mistake I made before setting off was to contract a vile cold which rendered me almost speechless during my first few days and a poor picture of health for the whole stay However after a long flight from London a sweaty wait in Mumbai and then a short flight to Trivandrum it was little hardship to be taken off after lunch to the excellent beach resort of Varkala Talking TEX beneath the palms next to a sunny beach of the Arabian sea was a little disconcerting but we managed On Monday January 5th we gathered in the University Observatory a purely courtesy title these days for the reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 opening ceremony of TUG India at which Kaveh and I were joined as speakers by Professor Nambooribad the group s chairman the University Vice Chancellor and the local member of Parliament showing
101. were in fact taken in and counted at the end of all the motions but these minutes record the results by each motion There were 19 attendees at the meeting and one proxy vote Dominik Wujastyk volunteered to count the votes 61 1 Motion lla This meeting hopes all members of UK TUG will be able to resolve or put to one side their personal differ ences so that they can better cooperate for the common good Jonathan spoke for the motion and in particular suggested that a meeting to celebrate Knuth s 64th birthday would help heal the divisions in the community After some discussion as to whether this was a suitable subject for a motion and a failed procedural motion put to leave this on the table it was put to a vote and carried 8 for and 4 against 51 reprinted from Baskerville Volume 8 Number 1 61 2 Motion IIb This meeting asks the Committee to produce a printed list of members of UK TUG to be distributed to the members for their personal use Any member may if they so wish not appear in the list The discussion centered mainly on the data protection act but it seemed that it would be allowable to ask if members wanted to be added to such a mailing list although possibly not to directly use the existing membership records for this purpose However the motion failed 8 for and 10 against 61 3 Motion llc This meeting asks the Committee to allow those persons who through UK TUG pay dues to TUG to indicate that the
102. with the standard ISTRX bst files these commands issue a warning They may also be used with numerical citations provided an author year bst file is being employed All cite commands have the same syntax allowing multiple citations and up to two notes there is how ever no starred citeyear variant It does not really make much sense to add notes to citeyear and citeauthor especially with multiple citations however this can be done there will be no error message but the results are sometimes strange For example in numerical mode the notes are fully ignored while in author year mode only the post note is accepted Multiple citations in citet are also not recommended nor are they in my opinion meaningful but if they are used with notes the pre note will appear before each year and the post note only after the last year These are admittedly bugs but the effort to remove them is not justified by the questionable usefulness of these features In summary notes are only intended for citep but they may also be used with citet in author year mode with single citations In any other situation the results are unpredictable 41 3 Selecting citation punctuation The above examples have been printed with the default citation style It is possible to change this as well as to select numerical or author year mode by means of the bibpunct command which takes one optional and six mandatory arguments The six mandatory a
103. woven The closely documented nature of the code has made it possible for others to understand it He even published the source code in a book an almost unprecedented action e He did not commit himself to a specific output device unlike troff which did not achieve the same success as TEX but separated out the driver functionality into external programs by defining TX s output as a neutral device independent format e He recognized that if the program were to have a long shelf life he could not commit himself to the graphical and colour capabilities of the period A conscious decision was made to omit any specific functionality of this kind and instead to provide an all purpose Aspecial command Lastly Knuth froze TEX when he felt it was complete enough This means that it stays forever as a fixed reference point generating the same output from the same input and exhibiting no known errors This allows some to build on it with confidence others to write their documents knowing that they will always be able to processs them But things have moved on since Knuth wrote TX nowadays the talk is of desktop publishing word processing packages HTML the Internet PDF SGML was it an anachronism to start a new TEX Users Group in India in 1998 I believe it was not and I have followed Don Knuth s favourite game of playing with numbers to explain why Since this is just 1998 I have attempted to find 9 8 reasons why Tpx is still re
104. y wish these dues to be held in trust until the Committee of UK TUG can be satisfied that TUG s financial affairs are in proper order Jonathan withdrew this motion for lack of time 61 4 Motion lld This meeting resolves that the position of Chair shall remain empty as from this AGM until it can be filled by an election to take place in the first quarter of 1998 Jonathan outlined his objections to the conduct of the last two elections He was concerned that their conduct was probably unconstitutional and believed he had been discriminated against Robin Fairbairns referred the meeting to the points made under item 7 The motion failed 2 for and 18 against 62 12 The Future of UKTUG Meetings and possible topics Philip Taylor asked for suggestions on the number of meetings per year the group should hold and for possible topics Various numbers were suggested with a consensus perhaps of something in the range 2 3 Suggested topics were TEX for interactive Documents otherwise known as Con T Xt for all TEX in Publishing and TEX in Education There was discussion principally involving Malcolm Clark and Sebastian Rahtz on whether UKTUG should consider hosting a future larger meeting perhaps EuroT X or something tied to Knuth s 64th Birthday 63 13 Any other business No items raised 52 64 UKTUG Information 65 The 1997 98 UKTUG committee Chair Philip Taylor Treasurer amp Membershi

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