Untitled - Cole
Contents
1. Spindle Standard Oil R1 RT50 R2 RT500 R3 RT500 R4 RT1000 R5 RT5000 R6 RT5000 R7 RT30000 TR8 RT500 TRO RT5000 TR10 RT5000 11 RT5000 LCP RT50 Spindle Standard oil R1 RT1000 R2 RT5000 R3 RT12500 R4 RT12500 R5 RT30000 R6 RT100000 R7 RT100000 TR8 RT5000 TRO RT12500 TR10 RT3000 TR11 RT60000 39 50 Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s Table 8 VISCOMETER L standard spindle selection RPM SP L1 L2 L3 L4 0 3 20K 100K 400K 2000K 0 5 12K 60K 240K 1200K 0 6 10K 50K 200K 1000K 1 6K 30K 120K 600K 1 5 4K 20K 80K 400K 2 3K 15K 60K 300K 2 5 2 4K 12K 48K 240K 3 2K 10K 40K 200K 4 1 5K 7 5K 30K 150K 5 1 2K 6K 24K 120K 6 1K 5K 20K 100K 10 600 3K 12K 60K 12 500 2 5K 10K 50K 20 300 1 5K 6K 30K 30 200 1K 4K 20K 50 120 600 2 4K 12K 60 100 500 2K 10K 100 60 300 1 2K 6K ATENTI ON K Indicates miles M Indicates Millions Example 7 8K 7 800 Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 40 50 Table 9 VISCOMETER L Special spindle selection Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s RPM SP TL5 TL6 TL7 0 3 10K 100K 200K 0 5 6K 60K 120K 0 6 5K 50K 100K 1 32. 42 Table 11 Viscometer Standard spindle selection 43 Table 12 Viscometer special spindle selection 1 44 Table 13 LCP Adaptor with 11 1 45 Table 14 Viscometer standard spindle selection 46 Table 15 Viscometer special spindle selection 47 Table 16 HELDAL s special spindle selection for Viscometer 48 Table 17 HELDAL s special spindle selection for 49 WARRANTY CERTIFICAT Bussctuttistestvestacchacdsraatuenthaatuantesiantanntiecnaltns eli reo 50 VISCOMETER Manual 3 50 1 Introduction Thank you for acquiring the rotational viscometer model from COLE PARMER The rotational viscometer is based on the measurement of the torque of a rotating spindle in a sample cover a at a specified velocity Three different models as well as various accessories allow it to wide range of viscosity measurement 2 Safety Instructions It is not the purpose of this manual to outline all of the safety instructions recommended for the use of the rotational viscometer its accessories and samples It is the responsibility of the user to establ
3. Cole Parmer Rotational Viscometer Instruction Manual 1 1 Cole Parmer KA VISCOMETER Manual Rotational Viscometer Software Version 1 2 Instruction Manual Cole Parmer 625 East Bunker Court Vernon Hills IL 60061 1844 Toll Free 800 323 4340 Phone 847 549 7600 Fax 847 247 2929 ColeParmer com info coleparmer com VISCOMETER Manual 2 50 0 Table of Contents 0 Table of Contents sc ina ee eee 3 Tes l AtrodUEtion stanare aaa 4 2 Safety ie 4 3 Symbols used this manual 4 A CONditions f0r USeri Lu Aetat iaia Nana 5 Se Maintenance aiuola Sekker GA 5 6 Equipment presentation 2 lei 6 T Equipment DESCriptions isolana le elia laici ceo 8 8 MENU SyStEMe he Rat 14 9 Important Rheological Information i 22 10 lap daniela lele ini EG 28 11 Model Spindle correspondence tableS 37 12 Model Spindle Oil calibration 00 38 Table 8 Viscometer standard spindle selection EEEE EEEE EEEa 40 Table 9 Viscometer Special spindle 0 41 Table 10 LCP Adaptor with
4. This arrow indicates additional information that should be 4 used by the user This symbol warns us of an operational practical or similar 7 procedure that if it is not carried out correctly may irreparably damage the equipment Do not proceed further unless the indicated conditions are fulfilled and have been perfectly understood 4 Conditions for use Indoor use Maximum altitude 2000 m Surrounding temperature range from 5 to 40 C 80 maximum relative humidity for up to 312C and going as low as 50 of relative humidity for up to 40 power source fluctuations should not surpass 10 of the nominal voltage Installation category Il Pollution level 11 5 Maintenance e Always clean all of the parts after each use Clean the spindles and the spindle protector well and then immediately dry them Make sure that there is not any sample remaining especially in the delicate zones like the spindle connector e Detergents or solvents to clean the spindles and the protector For food samples use lukewarm water and if necessary use soft detergents like those which are used at home Other solvents that generally give good results are acetone gasoline or something with a high percentage of alcohol If you use any other solvent make sure that it does not corrode the spindles or the protector The spindles are made in AISI 316 Warning Handle the volatile and inflammable solvents
5. Time Ageing under the same speed gradient conditions affects tixotropical and reopectical fluids In some fluids the action of time combined with the proportion of the shear is very complex In these cases one can observe with time a return to the original fluid state Previous conditions The conditions that the sample is subjected to before the viscosity reading can significantly affect the results especially with heat sensitive fluids or ageing Thus the storage condition and the sample preparation techniques should be conceived to minimize effects on the viscosity measurements Composition and additives A material s composition is a determining factor in its viscosity When the composition is altered whether this is by changing substance proportions that compose it or adding other substances important changes can be observed in their viscosity For example adding solvent to printing ink reduces the viscosity of the ink and other types of additives are used to control the rheological properties of paints VISCOSITY MEASURI NG PROCEDURES Data history We recommend documenting the following information each time you take viscosity measurement Model or type of viscometer Spindle and accessory Rotation speed Sample container Sample temperature Sample preparation procedure if existent Spindle protection use The process is necessary in the event of comparison of results with other organizations in
6. points to the units submenu it can be accessed by pressing the ENTER key and the viscometer will show the following screen Select the units gt Viscosity cP P CGS By default this submenu screen for Units comes configured with the viscosity unit s field selected Once the desired field has been selected the units to be used with the viscometer can be varied by using the A and V keys to switch the options After the desired units have been selected press the ENTER key to save the changes and return to the configuration main menu screen VISCOMETER Manual 15 50 8 2 3 Calibration Calibration submenu This submenu contains the viscosity calibration options that the user can exploit to recalibrate his equipment IMPORTANT The viscometer contains a default calibration element which is installed during the manufacturing process It is for this reason that it is unnecessary to calibrate the equipment when using it for the first time Nevertheless certain norms of quality recommend that the equipment be recalibrated once a year which is why we offer the user the possibility of realizing this calibration without needing to send the viscometer back to the usual provider or to COLE PARMER COLE PARMER cannot be held responsible for the measurements taken by an independently recalibrated viscometer and it is essential to follow the instructions given by COLE PARMER carefully when recalibratin
7. 16K 40K 80K 160K 400K 1 6M 3 3 3K 13 3K 33 3K 66 6K 133 3K 333 3K 1 3M 4 2 5K 10K 25K 50K 100K 250K 1M 5 2K 8K 20K 40K 80K 200K 800K 6 1 6K 6 6K 16 6K 33 3K 66 6K 166 6K 666 6K 10 1K 4K 10K 20K 40K 100K 400K 12 833 3 3K 8 3K 16 6K 33 3K 83 3K 333 3K 20 500 2K 5K 10K 20K 50K 200K 30 333 1 3K 3 3K 6 6K 13 3K 33 3K 133 3K 50 200 800 2K 4K 8K 20K 80K 60 166 660 1 6K 3 3K 6 6K 16 6K 66 6K 100 100 400 IK 2K 4K 10K 40K ATTENTION K Indicates miles M Indicates millions NOTE Example 7 8K 7 800 Example 1 56M 1 560 000 It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 43 50 Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s Table 12 VISCOMETER R special spindle selection RPM SP TR8 TRO TR10 TR11 0 3 166 6K 833 3K 1 6M 3 3M 0 5 100K 500K 1M 2M 0 6 83 3K 416 6K 833 3K 1 6M 1 50K 250K 500K 1M 1 5 33 3K 166 6K 333 3K 666 6K 2 25K 125K 250K 500K 2 5 20K 100K 200K 400K 3 16 6K 83 3K 166 6K 333 3K 4 12 5K 62 5K 125K 250K 5 10K 50K 100K 200K 6 8 3K 41 6K 83 3K 166 6K 10 5K 25K 50K 100K 12 4 16K 20 83K 41 6K 83 3K 20 2 5K 12 5K 25K 50K 30 1 6K 8 3K 16 6K 33 3K 50 1K 5K 10K 20K 60 833 3 4 16K 8 3K 16 6K 100 500 2 5K 5K 10K ATTENTION K Indicates miles M Indicates millions Example 7 8K 7 800 Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work w
8. 50 16 64 160 320 640 1 6K 6 4K 60 13 3 53 3 133 3 266 6 533 1 3K 5 3K 100 8 32 80 160 320 800 3 2K ATTENTION K Indicates miles Example 7 8K 7 800 M Indicates millions Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 46 50 Table 15 VISCOMETER H special spindle selection Maximum value guidelines in units of poise RPM SP TR8 TRY TR10 TR11 0 3 13 6K 66 6K 133 3K 266 6K 0 5 8K 40K 80K 160k 0 6 6 6K 33 3K 66 6K 133 3K 1 4K 20K 40K 80K 1 5 2 6K 13 3K 26 6K 53 3K 2 2K 10K 20K 40K 2 5 1 6K 8K 16K 32K 3 1 3K 6 6K 13 3K 26 6K 4 1K 5K 10K 20K 5 800 4K 8K 16K 6 666 3 30K 6 6K 13 3K 10 400 2K 4K 8K 12 333 1 6 3 3K 6 6K 20 200 1K 2K 4K 30 133 666 1 3K 2 6K 50 80 400 800 1 6K 60 66 333 666 1 3K 100 40 200 400 800 ATTENTION K Indicates miles M Indicates millions Example 7 8K 7 800 Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 47 50 Table 16 HELDAL s special spindle selection for VISCOMETER R Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s RPM SP PA PB PC PD PE PF 0 3 666 6K 1 3M 3 3M 6 6M 16 6M 33 3M 0 5 400K 800K 2M 4M 10M 20M 0 6 333
9. adhesives polymers grease starch etc VISCOMETER Manual 22 50 Dilatants Fluids The viscosity increases with the speed gradient Practical examples clay sweets components etc Plastic Fluids These fluids only start to flow after having been submitted to a certain force shearing force They behave like solids in static conditions Practical example Ketchup Time dependent non Newtonian fluids The viscosity of time dependent non Newtonian fluids is dependent on the temperature on the speed gradient and on time Tixotropical fluids In these substances the viscosity diminishes with time when the fluid is subjected to a constant speed gradient These substances tend to return to their previous viscosity once the speed gradient ceases to be applied Practical examples Many products in industrial food production yogurt etc Reopectic fluids In these fluids the viscosity increases with time when the fluid is subjected to a constant speed gradient These substances tend to return to their previous viscosity once the speed gradient ceases to be applied These fluids are not very common NOTE The turbulent behaviour of a fluid can produce falsely high results in viscosity tests Normally turbulent behaviour is due to an excessively high 7 T rotation speed in relation to the viscosity of the sample see detailed Warning further on FACTORS AFFECTI NG VI SCOSI TY There are many variables that affect the rheolo
10. liquids Temperature rank of circulation jacket and thermo station conditions e Permitted temperature rank 10 a 100 C 14 a 212 F e Use thermostatic bath with demineralised water or refrigeration special liquid Change the liquid form the thermostat regularly Recommended flow 15 l min Materials e The metallic parts are made of stainless steel the leads are made of plastic in black Delrin The parts in contact with the sample sample container and spindle are made of AIS 316 suitable for food industry e lead inferior washer is made in black Delrin It is designed to get a maximum temperature of 1002C 212 F e The circulation jacket is made of acetyl and Delrin e The O ring on the plastic stopper M of the APM Adapter is made of Delrin The softening point is 110 C 230 F 10 3 HELDAL UNIT Helicoidal Movement Unit NOTE The Heldal adapter doesn t come with the standard delivery It can be ordered as an accessory The unit is supplied complete with T shaped spindles in this case The Heldal accessory is used with substances that do not flow by themselves like ice or pastas Is engine moves the viscometer slowly in a vertical movement and at the same time the spindle makes the rotation movement This generates a helicoidal movement that makes that the T shaped spindle is always in contact with the sample The measurements obtained with Heldal do not measure absolute viscosity They are only compara
11. of these two versions with or without thermo station jacket must be ordered as an additional accessory APM and APM B accessory are not supplied with a spindle Special spindles TL or TR are used according to the viscometer sample L R or H Small sample adapters allow more precise measurements than the standard spindles The measurement rank of a viscometer can get lower viscosity levels Thanks to its known cylindrical geometry shape it is possible to get Shear Rate and Shear Stress determinations Only a small quantity of the sample is needed Spindle set TL TRO TRIO TRii Cole Amar Spindle set TR N Fig 12 APM accessory parts Fig 13 Set APM VISCOMETER Manual 31 50 10 2 1 Assembly NOTE The mounting process is different according to the types of low viscosity accessories APM and APM B The difference between them only remains that the APM has a thermo station jacket J and a container K and the APM B only incorporates a container K The APM screw its thermo station jacket J to the connector G on the other hand the APM B screws the container directly to the connector G Now is detailed the APM assembling e Unplug the viscometer e Attach the base Y shaped A to the rib C Use a 19 mm adjustable spanner in order to fasten the nut D e Close the sample container with the stopper e Insert the container to the lower part in the gt circulation jacket J by turning it gentl
12. the interest of being able to guarantee the possibility of reproduction of the results obtained The spindle and its protection Examine each spindle before using it If it s damaged or eroded in such a way that its dimensions are changed it will provide false results for your viscosity reading The spindle protector provided with every COLE PARMER rotational viscometer protects the spindle and the viscometer axle and it is important for the reading of low viscosities with standard spindles The protector should always be used In the event that it is not used its absence must be reported in the measurement procedure notes The protector isn t used with most of the accessories Speed selection and spindle If there is no described work procedure the best method for the selection of the spindle for each speed is trial and error The objective is a torque reading between 15 and 95 according to the type of product in question and a percentage higher than 50 is recommendable If you know the fluid s approximate viscosity the quickest spindle speed selection method is referring to the tables of maximum approximate viscosity When you do tests at different speeds you should select a spindle with which all of the speeds show a torque reading of between 15 and 95 VISCOMETER Manual 24 50 GENERALLY RPM INCREMENT READING PRECISION INCREMENT SPINDLE SI ZE REDUCTION gt READING PRECISION INCREMENT Except for the non Newtonia
13. the possibility of Changing the working language Selecting the measurement units viscosity and temperature Carrying out calibrations the machine comes calibrated from factory therefore it is not necessary to do any calibrations when the machine is received The language and units should be selected by the user before beginning to work with the equipment so that it functions properly VISCOMETER Manual 14 50 8 2 1 Language language change submenu Once the configuration menu has been accessed the first option that the cursor gt points to is Language To change the language this option must be selected by hitting the ENTER key When we enter in this submenu the viscometer will show a screen like the next one Select language English By using A and V the different working languages for this equipment be seen which English French German Italian Japanese Portuguese Spanish Dutch Polish Catalan Once the language has been selected press ENTER and it will automatically change the language of the menus and return to the configuration main menu screen 8 2 2 Units Unit change submenu The viscometer allows the user to select the units that are used for measuring viscosity And those of dynamic viscosity are International system of units 5 or mPa s Centimetre gram second system of units Poise or centipoises When the cursor key gt
14. with extreme care It is the user s responsibility to establish safety conditions at work e Regularly check the spindle s thread and the viscometer shaft 4 e During the working life of the viscometer the equipment will require certain check ups In this case please contact the local distributor e Regular maintenance is important We recommend an annual check up by the technical service of your local distributor e To change the fuse be sure the new fuse has the same specifications 250VAC 2A 1 e Power supply has double insulation or reinforced insulation for fastening rod nut and spindle parts View power supply ref PD25 datasheet for more information VISCOMETER Manual 5 50 6 Equipment presentation When the equipment package is received verify and confirm the delivery note If some discrepancy or problem is found immediately notify the supplier Check that the model corresponds to the equipment that was ordered Carefully read the instructions All modifications eliminations or lack of maintenance of any of the machine s mechanisms defy directive 89 655 CEE the manufacturer is not responsible for any damages that may result In the attached photograph Figure 1 you see the position of each piece inside the equipment s carry case Please keep the carry case in a safe location In the case of needing to transport the equipment or store it for a long period of time a
15. you have to select is TL or TR in function of the model of viscosimeter L R or H VISCOMETER Manual 32 50 10 2 2 Dismounting and Cleaning Unscrew the spindle of the viscometer axis and lower the spindle slowly in the sample container K e Remove Adapter G from metallic glass e Place the viscometer upright Remove the upper stopper N e Remove the spindle carefully L e Unscrew the bottom stopper M and remove the container K from below the thermo station jacket J e Remove the container wash it or use compressed air Wash the circulation jacket too if necessary e Remove Adapter G from the circulation jacket Important Do not use any cleaner or tool that can damage the metallic surface Make sure you only use liquids that agree with the APM adapter material Solvents that can be used water ethanol or high concentrations of alcohol For other solvents check the chemistry compatibility table 10 2 3 Technical specifications of APM and APM B Measurement rank Sample L 1 5 until 200 000 mPa s Sample R 25 until 3 300 000 mPa s Sample 0 2 until 26 660 Pa s Measurement represents a 10 of the full scale Spindles features and APM filling Shear rate 511 Sample volume ml 1 32 x RPM L Sample amp TL spindles 0 34 x RPM 0 28 x RPM Shear rate s1 Sample volume ml VISCOMETER Manual 33 50 Shear rate is calculated based on the features of Newtonian
16. 3K 666 6K 1 6M 3 3M 8 3M 16 6M 1 200K 400K 1M 2M 5M 10M 1 5 133 3K 266 6K 666 6K 1 3M 3 3M 6 6M 2 100K 200K 500K 1M 2 5M 5M 2 5 80K 160K 400K 800K 2M 4M 3 66 6K 133 3K 333 3K 666 6K 1 6M 3 3M 4 50K 100K 250K 500K 1 25M 2 5M 5 40K 80K 200K 400K 1M 2M 6 33 3K 66 6K 166 6K 333 3K 833 3K 1 6M 10 20K 40K 100K 200K 500K 1M 12 16 6K 33 3K 83 3K 166 6K 416 6K 833 2K ATTENTION K Indicates miles Example 7 8K 7 800 M Indicates millions NOTE Example 1 56M 1 560 000 It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 48 50 Table 17 HELDAL s special spindle selection for VISCOMETER H Maximum guideline values in poise RPM SP PA PB PC PD PE PF 0 3 53 3K 106K 266 6K 533 3K 1 3M 2 6M 0 5 32K 64K 160K 320K 800K 1 6M 0 6 26 6K 53 3K 133 3K 266 6K 666 6K 1 3M 1 16K 32K 80K 160K 400K 800K 1 5 10 6K 21 3K 53 3K 106K 266 6K 533 3K 2 8K 16K 40K 80K 200K 400K 2 5 6 4K 12 8K 32K 64K 160K 380K 3 5 3K 10 6K 26 6K 53 3K 133 3K 266 6K 4 4K 8K 20K 40K 100K 200K 5 3 2K 6 4K 16K 32K 80K 160K 6 2 6K 5 3K 13 3K 26 6K 66 6K 133 3K 10 1 6K 3 2K 8K 16K 40K 80K 12 1 3K 2 6K 6 6K 13 3K 33 3K 66 6K ATTENTION K Indicates miles Example 7 8K 7 800 M Indicates millions Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the
17. K 30K 60K 1 5 2K 20K 40K 2 1 5K 15K 30K 2 5 1 2K 12K 24K 3 1K 10K 20K 4 750 7 5K 15K 5 600 6K 12K 6 500 5K 10K 10 300 3K 6K 12 250 2 5K 5K 20 150 1 5K 3K 30 100 1K 2K 50 60 600 1 2K 60 50 500 1K 100 30 300 600 ATTENTI ON K Indicates miles Example 7 8K 7 800 M Indicates millions Example 1 56M 1 560 000 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 41 50 Table 10 LCP Adaptor with VISCOMETER L Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s RPM LCP 0 3 2 000 00 0 5 1 200 00 0 6 1 000 00 1 600 00 1 5 400 00 2 300 00 2 5 240 00 3 200 00 4 150 00 5 120 00 6 100 00 10 60 00 12 50 00 20 30 00 30 20 00 50 12 00 60 10 00 100 6 00 NOTE It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale Sample Volume 16 ml Shear Rate 1 2236 rpm VISCOMETER Manual 42 50 Table 11 VISCOMETER R Standard spindle selection Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s RPM SP RI R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 0 3 33 3K 133 3K 333 3K 666 6K 1 3M 3 33M 13 3M 0 5 20K 80K 200K 400K 800K 2M 8M 0 6 16 6K 66 6K 166 6K 333 3K 666 6K 1 6M 6 6M 1 10K 40K 100K 200K 400K 1M 4M 1 5 6 6K 26 6K 66 6K 133 3K 66 6K 666 6K 2 6M 2 5K 20K 50K 100K 200K 500K 2M 2 5 4K
18. able slot 5 Level Cole Parmer 5 4 626 East Bunker Court Vernon Hills IL 60061 1844 TYPE VISCOMETER SERIAL VCPL 100008 A P N 98965 40 AC100 240V 50 60HZ 25W 3 O Fig 5 Equipment identification label Description of the equipment identification label Viscometer model Viscometer code Serial number of the equipment Voltage frequency and power of the equipment Electronic equipment specifies throw in trash OVE Od IE VISCOMETER Manual 9 50 7 1 Equipment set up e Remove all of the parts from the carry case or the standard package Note the figure below fig 6 e Correctly place the three height adjustable knobs B on the Y shaped base A e Mount the fastening rod C with the holding screw D at the base A e Attach the nut F to the fastening rod The viscometer should be connected to the nut F by means of its rod E Note The following process should be done carefully in order to not harm to the shaft of the viscometer Immediately remove the shaft s plastic protector before beginning to use the viscometer Lila e Insert the horizontal rod of the viscometer E into the nut F Fig 6 Set up for the viscometer base e viscometer should be placed on a stable laboratory table or on a stable surface free of vibrations i e caused by other machines or equipment Do not put the viscometer in direct contact with sunlight or in the middle of any air flow the temperature
19. axle An erroneous immersion can compromise the result of the viscosity measurement With the disc spindles you should avoid the creation of air bubbles which could remain under the disc To this end you should insert the spindle laterally and smoothly and bring it over to the centre of the sample Once it is there attach it to the viscometer s axle Precision and Repetition COLE PARMER viscometers guarantee a precision of 1 from the bottom of the speed spindle combination scale and a repetition of 0 2 Getting a viscosity reading Before working with the viscometer you should make sure of the following points The viscometer is properly fastened to the stick and level Both spindle and speed are selected read attentively the section about speed and spindle selection The spindle is carefully placed and fastened The instructions and necessary parameters for obtaining a viscosity reading have been carefully read in the user s manual Once the readings have been initiated allow some time for stabilization the length of which will be in function of the rotational speed during the measurement VISCOMETER Manual 25 50 IMPORTANT WARNI NG When you wish to obtain viscosity reading with COLE PARMER rotational viscometers there are two considerations to take into account The obtained viscosity results must be between 15 and 100 of the torque range for whichever spindle rotational speed combination The viscosity reading must be e
20. cohol For other solvents check the chemistry compatibility table 10 1 3 Technical specification for LCP accessories Measurements rank e Sample L 0 9 until 2 000 mPa s or cP e Sample R 3 2 until 21 333 mPa s or cP Limited by turbulences For the measurements that represent 10 of the base scale Sample volume 16 0 ml Shear rate factor for the LCP spindle 1 2236 x RPM Shear rate is calculated based on the features of Newtonian liquids Temperature rank of the circulation jacket amp thermo station conditions e Temperature rank allowed 10 a 100 C 14 a 212 F e Use a thermo station wash with demineralised water or special refrigeration liquid Change thermostat liquid regularly Recommended flow 15 l min Materials e The metallic parts are made of stainless steel the leads are made of black delrin plastic The parts that come into contact with the sample sample container and spindle are made of AISI 316 and are suitable for the food industry e lead inferior washer is made with black delrin It is designed to withstand a maximum temperature of 1002C 212 F e The circulation jacket is made of acetyl and Delrin e The O ring on the plastic stopper M of the LCP Adapter is made of delrin The softening point is 110 C 230 F VISCOMETER Manual 30 50 10 2 Small sample adapters APM and APM B NOTE Small sample adapters APM and APM B do not belong to the standard delivery Any
21. depending on the model of your viscometer Model L Spindle 11 v 100 0 Models R Spindle R1 v 100 0 The list of possible spindles to use depends on the model of your viscometer L R or Thus tables 8 through 17 page 40 and on you can see the different spindles available for each model Once this field is selected and situated in the list of corresponding spindles you can select the spindle that you wish to calibrate using the A and V keys Once the spindle is selected go to the Viscosity field using the TAB key Pressing ENTER accept the field and introduce the value of the standard oil corresponding to the viscosity calibration To introduce the data use the A and V keys to increase or decrease the value of each digit Then press TAB again to go from one digit place to another Once the value of the oil is determined press ENTER to continue with the calibration process Next press the key and the following screen will appear Attach the spindle and press lt ENTER gt Once the spindle is in position in the device press ENTER again and the following screen will appear Delay time 00h 00m 00s VISCOMETER Manual 18 50 In this screen it is necessary to introduce the time required from the moment you give the command to start the calibration to the moment the device begins the calibration process This ti
22. ed connect the viscometer and the Heldal to the power point Switch the viscometer on and insert the speed and the spindle as always e Set the Heldal unit on with the ON OFF switch 7 Check if the pilot is on If not check the main connection OPERATION The Heldal unit which moves helicoidally is moved up and down between the two stopper rings When the engine touches one of them the unit changes direction The Heldal unit will keep moving until turned with the ON OFF switch 7 VISCOMETER Manual 36 50 11 Model Spindle correspondence tables Standard Spindles R1 Table 1 SPECIAL SPINDLES Table 2 VISCOMETER Manual Viscometer model L Viscometer model Spindle L TL5 TL6 TL7 TR8 TRI TR10 11 TR8 TRO TR10 11 37 50 SPECIAL HELDAL SPINDLES Table 3 SPECIAL SPINDLES Table 4 12 Model Spindle Oil calibration tables MODEL L Table 5 VISCOMETER Manual Viscometer model Spindle R PA PB Viscometer model Spindle L LCP SP R LCP SP Spindle Standard Oil L1 RT50 L2 RT500 L3 RT1000 L4 RT5000 TL5 RT50 TL6 RT500 TL7 RT500 LCP RT5 38 50 MODEL R Table 6 MODEL H Table 7 VISCOMETER Manual
23. er will only show the spindles that are compatible with your model Once the spindle field is selected we use the same direct selection method previously explained in the section about viscosity calibration IMPORTANT Selecting a spindle that doesnt correspond to the ones adapted L to your model will cause measurement problems The RPM field revolutions per minute indicates the speed at which the test will be done The viscomster series incorporates 18 pre determined speeds 0 3 0 5 0 6 1 1 5 2 2 5 3 4 5 6 10 12 20 30 50 60 100 rpm The viscosity of the liquid and the spindle used determine the speed refer to tables 8 to 17 Speed modification once the corresponding field is selected using the TAB key you can move through the pre established speed using the A and V keys If you want to keep the selected speed press the TAB key to change parameters VISCOMETER Manual 20 50 You have also a quicker option of changing the speed When the speed field is selected it will be blinking hit the ENTER key to access this option All of the digits will be blinking and you can modify them according to your needs Using the A and V keys you can modify each digit cyclically between 0 and 9 The will be used as a decimal market If two commas are accidentally entered the value with be considered invalid and thus will not be saved At this time you would have to repeat the proc
24. ess To change the digits you use the TAB key and to confirm the entered value as long as it is a coherent and valid one press ENTER again If once the values of all of the fields are confirmed you press the ON key you will go on to the measurement screen If instead you press the QUIT key you ll return to the main menu screen losing all of the data introduced in measurement configuration 8 3 1 Measurement Screen You can access this screen by pressing the ON key after the introduction of the measurement parameters The viscometer will start moving the spindle which means that the equipment is ready to start collecting data We will now see an example of the data presented on screen at this stage Measuring RPM 100 0 30 4 cP As the equipment goes about collecting viscosity data one piece of data for each rotation of the spindle the information on the screen will be updated On the screen you will see SP Current spindle Selected on the previous screen RPM Revolutions per minute Value selected on previous screen V Viscosity Value expressed in cP or mPa s Certain percentage of the base scale Percentage value of the curvature of the spring in relation to the base of the same scale NOTE The speed field will be blinking until the motor speed is stable NOTE Depending on the selected speed it is possible that the speed reading will take a few seconds or minutes to appear I
25. eturning to the previous menu QUIT key The main menu is the one that appears after the opening screen It is accessed by turning on the machine normally and after a satisfactory result from the test run The main menu screen will show gt Instrument Setup Measurement Information By default the cursor gt is placed on the Instrument Setup option The menu can be navigated with the A and V keys with which you select the desired option and press ENTER which takes the user to the desired submenu for more information about each function in particular see the corresponding sections The first time the machine is used it is advisable to access the Instrument Setup option as the first step in order to establish the values for certain parameters of the viscometer such as language and measurement units In the following sections each of the 3 submenus of the main menu can be seen beginning with the configuration submenu 8 2 Configuration menu The configuration menu contains those functions that are not standardized and that modify the state and or operations of the instrument Once the Instrument Setup option is selected by pressing the ENTER key the following screen will appear Instrument Setup gt Language Units Calibration Move through the options using the A and V keys and select a submenu with the ENTER key The main menu provides
26. g Calibration Norms To execute a viscosity calibration it is necessary to have on hand at least a little standard calibration oil and a thermo statization system to maintain the sample at a constant temperature If you do not possess this equipment then you will not be able to guarantee good post calibration measurements COLE PARMER provides upon request the standard oils necessary for the calibration as well as the accessories need to thermo statize the oils There are two types of calibration Calibration of reference spindle These spindles coaxial spindles with which the accessories APM or APM B and LCP or LCP B must be used By calibrating these spindles you re changing the calibration of all of the viscometer s spindles Reference spindles TL5 Model R TR8 Model H TR8 Calibration of the rest of the spindles The calibration of any spindle which is different from the reference spindle will only modify the values of that individual spindle The rest of the equipment s spindles will not be affected by this calibration If you want to calibrate more than one spindle and you don t do it with the reference spindle the spindles will have to be calibrated one by one The oils used for each spindle will also be different so for calibration you should have standard silicon oil for each spindle you re calibrating Tables 5 6 and 7 page 38 and page 39 specify the standard oils necessary for each sp
27. gical properties of products so it is very important to take the following factors into account Temperature Temperature is one of the most obvious factors affecting rheological behaviour It is essential to consider the effects of temperature on viscosity in the evaluation of materials that are subject to changes in temperature during its use or other processes Some examples of this are motor oils greases and adhesives Shear Rate When a fluid is subjected to variations in the speed gradient during its process or use it is essential to know its viscosity at the projected speed gradients Examples of materials which are subjected to and affected by important variations in speed gradient during its process or use are paints cosmetics liquid latex some food products such as ketchup and blood in the human circulatory system Measurement conditions The measurement conditions of a material during its viscosity reading can have a considerable effect on the results of this measurement Consequently it is important to be careful and control the environment and conditions of any sample subjected to analysis Variables such as the type of viscometer the speed spindle combination the sample s container the absence or presence of a spindle protector the temperature of the sample and the sample VISCOMETER Manual 23 50 preparation techniques etc can affect not only the precision of the reading but also the real viscosity of the sample
28. indle This submenu is accessed through the main configuration menu by choosing the Calibrate menu and pressing ENTER Once at the submenu the following screen will appear Calibration gt Reset Viscosity VISCOMETER Manual 16 50 Using the A and V keys you can select the different options of this submenu placing the gt cursor over each option and pressing ENTER to chose it 8 2 3 1 Reset This submenu contains the equipment s RESET option After resetting the equipment will recuperate the original viscosity calibration Upon entering this submenu the following screen will appear WARNING RESET THE EQUIPMENT lt ENTER gt lt QUIT gt If you want to continue with this process press ENTER and you will be brought to the following screen Once the ENTER key is pressed a second confirmation will be solicited by way of a security measure The following screen will appear Are you sure lt ENTER gt lt QUIT gt If you press ENTER here the factory stage calibration will be restored calibration language the memory will be erased as well as the programming and you will return to the main configuration screen VISCOMETER Manual 17 50 8 2 3 2 Viscosity Viscosity Calibration If you select the viscosity option moving through the menu with the A and V keys and press ENTER you will access the following screens
29. ion jacket J to the connector the other hand the LCP B screws the container directly to the connector G Now is detailed the LCP assembling e Unplug the viscometer e Attach the extension X between the base Y shaped and the Use E 2 19 mm adjustable spanner order to fasten the nut D e Assemble the viscometer again starting with the base The extension X is A necessary because of the length of the LCP adapter Without this extension the assembly of this accessory would be difficult especially the assembly of the B spindle Fig 10 Mounting the LCP adapter extension Close the sample K container with the stopper M Insert the container K to the lower part in the circulation jacket J by turning it gently Fasten the circulation jacket J to the connector G Fill the sample container with a 20 ml syringe or less and fill the 16 ml sample container Connect the hook H and the spindle L Insert the spindle L in the circulation jacket See the note below Fasten the connector G to the hole in the back of the viscometer s metallic base See the note below e Screw it with the viscometer axle by turning it clockwise e Check the level of the sample It should be approximately in the middle of the cone which is connected to the spindle connector H Figure 11 shows more information about this e Place the upper stopper N over the sample containe
30. is message Testing The dots that appear below the Word Testing will continue to appear and reappear in a progressive manner every half second If the Autotest is allowed to finish two possible messages will appear depending on the type of diagnostic test that was run VISCOMETER Manual 12 50 If the instrument detects an anomaly it will show the following message on the screen AUTOTEST ERROR The system is not working properly press lt ENTER gt If this message appears the machine will let off a whistle and the technical service from the supplier or manufacturer should be contacted To get the manufacturer s contact information press the lt ENTER gt key and it will appear in the following format TECHNICAL SERVICE COLE PARMER Toll Free 800 323 4340 Phone 847 549 7600 info coleparmer com If there is a system error the equipment will stay blocked meaning the motor will not function If the machine is turned off and restarted the same screen will reappear In the case of a successful check the main menu will appear gt Instrument Setup Measurement Information VISCOMETER Manual 13 50 8 Menu system 8 1 The Main Menu COLE PARMER viscometers work with a simple system of menus that allow the user to go through the instrument in a quick and simple way The basic actions in the menus are moving through the options A and V keys selecting an option ENTER key or r
31. ish health and safety practices and to determine the application s limits before use COLE PARMER guarantees the satisfactory operation of the viscometers and its accessories only if there have not been any unauthorized adjustments to the mechanical pieces the electronic components and the software The operator should follow all of the warnings and instructions of this manual to ensure the safe and proper operation of the equipment Do not use the equipment for any other purpose that is not described in this manual Do not use any accessory that is not supplied and approved by COLE PARMER Do not use the viscometer or its accessories if there is any suspicion of malfunction Do not use the equipment in situations or conditions that can provoke personal injuries or material damage The rotational viscometer is not an inflammable non hazardous instrument and therefore should not be used in areas where there is an explosion risk Before using the viscometer carefully read and observe the following precautions those who do not follow them may cause serious harm or m personal injuries To avoid an electric shock Do not use the rotational viscometer without a solid connection to the ground 3 Symbols used in this manual The following symbols are used in this instruction manual This symbol warns us of an operational practical or similar procedure that if it is not carried out properly may damage the equipment
32. ith viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 44 50 Table 13 LCP Adaptor with VISCOMETER R Maximum guideline values in cP mPa s NOTE RPM LCP 0 3 21 333 00 0 5 12 800 00 0 6 10 666 00 1 6 400 00 1 5 4 266 00 2 3 200 00 2 5 2 560 00 3 2 133 00 4 1 600 00 5 1 280 00 6 1 066 00 10 640 00 12 533 00 20 320 00 30 213 00 50 128 00 60 106 00 100 64 00 It is not recommended to work with viscosity values of less than 15 of the lower part of the selected scale Volume of the sample 16 ml Shear Rate 1 2236 rpm VISCOMETER Manual 45 50 Table 14 VISCOMETER H standard spindle selection Maximum value guidelines in units of poise RPM SP RI R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 0 3 2 6K 10 6K 26 6K 53 3K 106 6K 266 6K 1 06M 0 5 1 6K 6 4K 16K 32K 64K 160K 640K 0 6 1 3K 5 3K 13 3K 26 6K 53 3K 133 3K 533 3K 1 800 3 2K 8K 16K 32K 80K 320K 1 5 533 3 2133 5 3K 10 6K 21 3K 53 3K 213 3K 2 400 1 6K 4K 8K 16K 40K 160K 2 5 320 1 28K 3 2K 6 4K 12 8K 32K 128K 3 266 6 1066 2 6K 5 3K 10 6K 26 6K 106 6K 4 200 800 2K 4K 8K 20K 80K 5 160 640 1 6K 3 2K 6 4K 16K 64K 6 133 3 533 3 1 3K 2 6K 5 3K 13 3K 53 3K 10 80 320 800 1 6K 3 2K 8K 32K 12 66 6 266 6 666 1 3K 2 6K 6 6K 26 6K 20 40 160 400 800 1 6K 4K 16K 30 26 6 106 6 266 533 1066 2 6K 10 6K
33. lly unpredictable For the following geometries these transition points have been found to be approximate to turbulent flow 1 Spindle L1 15 cP to 60 rpm 2 Spindle R1 100 cP to 50 rpm 3 Adaptor LCP 0 85 cP to 60 rpm Turbulent flow conditions will always exist in these conditions as long as the RPM cP ratio exceeds the values listed above VISCOMETER Manual 27 50 10 Accessories 10 1 Low viscosity adapters LCP and LCP B Low viscosity adapters LCP y LCP B do not come with the standard delivery Any of these two versions with or without thermo station jacket must be ordered as an additional accessory Both LCP and LCP B accessories are supplied complete with a spindle Low viscosity adapters allow more precise measurements than using the standard spindle The viscometer can measure very low viscosity levels from 1 cP when using the L model Thanks to its cylindrical geometry shape it is possible to get Shear Rate determinations and Shear Stress Only a small quantity of a sample is needed 16 ml spindle oe w 2 Fig 8 LCP Spare parts Fig 9 LCP Adapter assembled in viscometer VISCOMETER Manual 28 50 10 1 1 Mounting The mounting process is different according to the types of low viscosity accessories LCP and LCP B The difference between them only remains that the LCP has a thermo station jacket J and a container K and the LCP B only incorporates a container K The LCP screw its thermo stat
34. lways use the carry case by placing each part as shown in the drawing In the case of incorrect packing where any of the pieces of equipment could suffer some damage this damage will not be covered by the manufacturer s guarantee COLE PARMER recommends using the carry case provided with the equipment for making any kind of delivery Parts included with the equipment for standard delivery Viscometer head with serial number Foot or base 3 height adjustable knobs for the base Nut Indented rod Standard spindles Spindle protector Spindle support Power cable Calibration Certification Instruction manual Standard spindles Model L L1 L2 L3 L4 Models R and H R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 VISCOMETER Manual Lin 6 50 Fig 1 The viscometer in its carry case To be requested as accessory Fig 2 The viscometer in its standard packaging VISCOMETER Manual 7 50 7 Equipment Description Fig 3 Frontal view of the equipment Screen Certified keyboard Nut Spindle Protector Fastening rod Spindle Sample container not included Base viscometer support Height adjustable knob 1000 NON OT Re VISCOMETER Manual 8 50 Cole Parmer 626 East Bunker Court Vernon Hills IL 60061 1844 TYPE VISCOMETER SERIAL VCPL 100008 PIN 98965 40 AC100 240V 50 60HZ 25W E Fig 4 Back view of the equipment 1 Serial number label 2 Warning label 3 Switch 4 Feeder c
35. me lapse is frequently used to allow the whole of the sample and spindle to arrive at thermal stability before starting the actual calibration NOTE When the digits of this field are not selected the whole line will be S blinking When the field is selected using the ENTER key only the place of the digit to be modified will be blinking The field will be permanently open to modification To modify the value use the A and V keys to increase or decrease the value of each digit Then press TAB again to go from one digit place to another By pressing ENTER again you can finalize the field modification and start the calibrating process by pressing ON Pressing the ON key will start a countdown back to zero The spindle must already be submerged in the liquid once you confirm the start time When the countdown gets to zero the viscometer will start the calibrating sequence While the equipment is calibrating the following screen will appear example Calibrating 1 11 On this screen each step of the calibrating process is displayed When the process is over information on the values of the angles and linearity of the calibration are displayed If the curvature is lower to 2 press ENTER to confirm the calibration and you will be taken back to the main calibration screen The exit key QUIT allows us to exit to the main but never while calibrating never while the screen looks like
36. n fluids that change their viscosity value when the rotational speed is modified In these cases we recommended measuring with a determined speed and using a comparison method Size of the sample container For measurements using the COLE PARMER viscometer we recommend working with containers with an interior diameter of 83 mm or more The usual container is a 600 ml precipitation vase If a smaller container is used the viscosity values could be greater especially with low viscosity fluids Sample conditions The sample should be free of air bubbles It should be exposed to a constant and uniform temperature Before doing the viscosity readings make sure that the spindle and its protection are the same temperature Usually thermostatic baths are used to maintain the sample at the desired temperature The sample should have the properties of a homogeneous liquid this means that it cannot have particles capable of being precipitated deformed by the shear rate or decomposed into smaller particles The measured substances shouldn t be subject to chemical or physical changes during the measurement Other essential conditions Experiments in conditions in which turbulent behaviour can be encountered should be avoided The condition should be that of stationary fluid Accelerations or retarding processes are excluded from the parameters of measurement Spindle immersion The standard spindle should be submerged to the halfway mark in the
37. nt will also be explained in this manual The keyboard gives the user the mobility throughout all of the menus the selection of different options and the creation and or modification of viscosity measurement configurations to suit the user s needs The keyboard has the following configuration Fig 7 The keyboard for the viscometer The different numbered keys will always allow you to type in the proper numerical value if a modifiable field has been selected Go to the previous option increase a value when a field has been selected Go to the next option decrease a value when a field has been selected Field select change in some menus Accept an option or value in a field It also allows editing to fields that can be modified ON Stop Start the motor during measurements In the following sections the function of each key in the corresponding menus will be explained in full detail including the exceptions to the general operation 7 3 Start up Turn on the switch on the back of the machine number 3 Fig 4 If after doing this the machine does not turn on e Verify that the power cable is connected to the equipment back part number 4 Fig 4 and that the power cable is connected to the power The machine will beep indicating that it has started and it will show the following screen COLE PARMER V 1 2 VISCOMETER SERIES English VISCOMETER Manual 11 50 The screen informs the user of the
38. of the sample can be easily influenced by the surrounding conditions The viscometer has been designed to work indoors e Turn the height adjustment knobs until the height of the viscometer located in rod E is correctly adjusted e Plug the power cable into its correct slot located on the back of the equipment Fig 4 position 4 and plug it into the power source WARNING The socket by which the viscometer will be connected should have ground Always use a power cable with a ground connection Verify that the voltage and the frequency coincide with the specifications for the viscometer look at the identification label Fig 5 7 for more information Before turning on the machine let it sit for some time so that it acclimates to the surrounding temperature in order to avoid a short circuit caused by condensation The fluctuations of the power source should not surpass 10 of the nominal voltage VISCOMETER Manual 10 50 7 2 The keyboard and screen Before starting up the machine one should become familiar with the viscometer controls seen in the previous section The instrument has a 6 key keyboard Fig 7 and a 4 lined Viscometer numeric Display screen number 1 Fig 3 on the frontal part ready to use and they allow the user to interact with the machinery The screen always shows the operations that the user is carrying out by showing menus that will be explained later on The measurements collected by the instrume
39. r liquid level spindle sample container Fig 11 Full LCP adapter Important Do this slowly since the spindle must be inserted correctly in the sample When working with a more viscous sample be careful to avoid pulling the spindle upwards Hold the spindle connector mportant The piece named G has two possible holes for the upper screw The top hole is a Universal hole to screw our low viscosity adapter to other viscometers The bottom hole is to screw COLE PARMER pieces VISCOMETER Manual 29 50 NOTE Before starting with the measurements make sure the viscometer is correctly balanced check it with the bubble level The spindle that should be selected is LCP SP 10 1 2 Dismounting and cleaning e Unscrew the spindle of the viscometer axis and lower the spindle slowly in the sample container K Remove Adapter G from metallic glass Place the viscometer upright Remove the upper stopper N Remove the spindle carefully L Unscrew the bottom stopper M and remove the container K from below the thermo station jacket J e Remove the container wash it or use compressed air Wash the circulation jacket too if necessary e Remove Adapter G from the circulation jacket Important Do not use any cleaner or tool that can damage the metallic surface Make sure you only use liquids that agree with the LCP adapter material Solvents that can be used water ethanol or high concentrations of al
40. scometer by placing the fastening rib 15 in the Heldel bolt 4 and fasten it with the nut bolt 14 e Balance the viscometer Heldal set with the balancing knobs 10 e Fasten the T shaped spindle PA to PF samples to the viscometer In order to choose the right one look at the selection tables T 3 Screw the counterweight 6 4 in the lower part of the spindle receptor 6 3 Insert the spindle receptor 6 5 between both upper and lower parts of the spindle receptor 6 2 and 6 3 Do not separate these two parts Fasten the spindle and screw in the lower part of the receptor 6 3 until it is completely fastened Important Do not fasten the spindle tighter than necessary There should always be a small hole between both parts of the receptor e Fasten the spindle receptor and the spindle to the axis of the viscometer by connecting the thread e Place the sample container under the viscometer and insert the spindle into the sample fluid by pressing the displacement button 3 e The stopper rings limit the vertical movement of the spindle Therefore these two rings must be fastened correctly and in their correct positions Important Placement of stopper rings as explained here e Upper ring the spindle should be kept in the same fluid e Lower stopper ring The spindle must not touch the edge of the container If so the viscometer s axle can be damaged and the results can be wrong e Once the rings are fasten
41. selected scale VISCOMETER Manual 49 50 sf Cole Parmer WARRANTY CERTIFICATE COLE PARMER guarantee the perfect functioning of this instrument against defects in material or workmanship when used under appropriate conditions and in accordance with the operation instructions for a period of TWO YEARS from the invoice date of the product The following cases cancel the warranty period Misuse of the instruments When the equipment have been made damaged by the user When the user have not had in mind the COLE PARMER recommendations and maintenance When the instrument have been repaired or mishandled by anybody not allowed for the COLE PARMER technical service When the serial number is incorrect or it does not suit with the written in the warranty COLE PARMER s sole obligation shall be to repair or to replace any part s that prove defective within the warranty period and shall not be liable for consequential damages resulting from the use of its products VISCOMETER Manual 50 50
42. t s important that the viscometer S has made at least five rotations which equals five measurements before considering the measurements to be valid as the device needs that time to Stabilize It s also important to only take into account the temperature of a stable sample In addition to visualizing measurements made on the sample the user can also do other things from this screen Using the A and V keys you can increase or reduce the speed of the spindle s rotation RPM When you press one of these two keys the rotation speed increases A or decreases V respectively from the previous speed This way we can comfortably modify the turning speed without having to leave the measurement screen When you make a speed change the field will start blinking again until the motor speed stabilizes To make a unit change in viscosity the equipment will have to take into account the stabilized rotation speed field RPM not blinking With the TAB key the viscosity field will blink for five seconds If you then use the A and V keys you can vary the unit VISCOMETER Manual 21 50 To save the changes press ENTER If you do not do this within five seconds the changes will go unsaved IMPORTANT When the certain percentage of the base scale is lower than 15 or is as high as 100 the measurement cannot be considered valid and L the equipment will emit a warning beep with every ro
43. tation made under these circumstances With the ON key you can stop or start the motor which allows for momentary pauses in an experiment When you press this key the equipment will show the following message Motor stop If you press the QUIT key when you see the message above the viscometer will abandon the measuring and return to the main screen If you press the ON key the equipment will restart the measurements with the same configuration 9 Important Rheological Information To obtain precise results it is necessary to know the most important rheological properties of the sample Newtonian fluids The viscosity of these fluids does not depend on the shear rate meaning that at any speed the viscosity is the same Only temperature affects the viscosity changes of 1 can provoke a change in the viscosity of up to 10 Non Newtonian fluids The viscosity of this type of products changes with the speed variable Due to this inconsistency the term Apparent Viscosity is habitually used Within the classification you can find two different groups Time independent non Newtonian fluids Time dependent Newtonian fluids Time independent non Newtonian fluids The viscosity of a time independent non Newtonian fluid depends on the temperature and the speed gradient Pseudo plastic Fluids The viscosity diminishes when the speed gradient increases Practical examples paints shampoos fruit juice concentrate
44. the example just above NOTE Exiting mid calibration denies the equipment a proper calibration and 7 therefore it cannot guarantee accurate results VISCOMETER Manual 19 50 8 3 Measurement Configuration The measurement configuration menu allows access to the basic functions of the device measuring fluid viscosity From the main menu screen with the gt cursor over the Measurements field hit the ENTER key to choose this option After choosing this option you will see one of these screens depending on the viscometer model you have Model L Measurement Config SP LI RPM 100 0 Max 60 0 Model R and H Measurement Config SP R1 RPM 100 0 Max 100 0 To move through the fields cyclically use the TAB key and with the ENTER A and V keys you can proceed to edit each one of the fields Let s first look at what each field represents and how to modify it e SP the field that indicates which spindle we use for the measurement e RPM the field indicating the working speed e Max Maximum viscosity to be determined with the speed and the spindle selected The SP field together with the selected speed will determine the maximum and minimum viscosity values tables 8 to 17 from page 40 and on as well as the existence of a shear stress measurement if you re using coaxial spindles To modify the spindle you first need to select the field using the ENTER key The viscomet
45. tive measurements with the same geometry as T shaped spindles Fig 16 Heldal Unit in its case VISCOMETER Manual 34 50 10 3 1 Heldal unit mounting Fig 17 Heldal unit set in the viscometer 3 Displacement command 4 Viscometer fastening bolt 1 Rib joint 9 Base 2 Lower stop ring 10 Levelling knobs 11 Heldal engine unit 12 Knobbed fastening rib 5 Upper stopper ring 13 Functioning pilot 6 Heldal fastening group 14 Nut bolt 7 ON OFF switch 15 Viscometer fastening rib 8 Fastener 6 1 Spindle connector 6 2 Upper spindle receptor 6 3 Lower spindle receptor 6 4 Counterweight spindle connector 6 5 Spindle VISCOMETER Manual 35 50 e Place the fastener 8 facing the short end of the Y shaped base 9 e Place the safety shell 1 over the fastening rib 8 on the base of the viscometer 9 e Place the lower ring in the fastener 8 as explained in the sketch and fasten it with the knobbed fastening rib 12 Important Do not fasten the stop rings to the fastening ribs 12 too tightly They are plastic pieces and they can be damaged Both stopper rings upper and lower look exactly the same and can be changed e Place the Heldal engine 11 in the fastener 8 while pressing the displacement command 3 e Connect the upper stop ring to the fastener 8 and fasten it with the fastening rib 12 e Insert the vi
46. version and the instrument model in addition to the selected language After a few seconds the Start up screen will disappear and the Autotest screen for the viscometer is shown section 8 1 of this manual The equipment initially comes configured with English Temperature units in Celsius 2C Viscosity units in centipoises cP If these are not the desired basic configurations the equipment can be configured and changed to meet the user s needs The method of configuring the apparatus by varying these and other parameters is explained in detail in a later section of this manual called Configuration menu section 8 2 Any changes made to the machine will stay configured to the last modification made at the configuration menu and will not return to the factory settings after a restart Once the configuration information is given will submit the system to a Autotest 7 4 Autotest The Autotest menu allows you to verify the operation of the viscometer in a way that allows detection of motor malfunctions in a simple and practical way The following message will appear on the screen AUTOTEST Remove the Spindle and Press lt ENTER gt VERY IMPORTANT The Autotest should be carried out without a spindle 7 Once this message is shown the screen we should confirm that the spindle is not connected Afterwards press ENTER and the auto check process will begin While this test is running the screen will show th
47. xecuted under laminar flow condition not turbulent flow conditions The first consideration is linked to the precision of the instruments All of the COLE PARMER rotational viscometers guarantee a precision of 1 from the bottom of any spindle rotational speed combination scale Working with less than 15 of the bottom of the scale is not recommended due to that the potential 1 error in the viscosity is relatively big compared to the equipment reading The second consideration has to do with fluid mechanics All of the rheological measurements of fluid flow properties must be taken under laminar flow conditions Laminar flow is when all of the movements of the fluid particles are in sheets directed by an external applied force VISCOMETER Manual 26 50 The flow lines represent speed and fluid flow direction Laminar flow straight flow lines Relatively easy to predict Generally slow JJ Turbulent flow non linear flow lines Impossible to predict the exact movement of the fluid Very quick For rotational systems this means that the fluid s movement must be circumferential When the internal forces of a fluid end up being too great the fluid can become a turbulent flow in that the particles that make it up become unpredictable making it impossible to analyse it with standard mathematical models This turbulence creates a false reading which is a lot higher than the real one without linear growth and tota
48. y 2 z e Fasten the circulation jacket J to the connector G gt e Fill the sample container with a 20 ml syringe or less and fill the sample container according to the spindle selected see section 10 2 3 Connect the hook and the spindle 1 e Insert the spindle L in the circulation jacket See the note below B D Fasten the connector G to the hole in the back of the viscometer s metallic base See the note below e Screw it with the viscometer axle by turning it clockwise e Check the level of the sample It should be approximately in the middle of the cone which is connected to the spindle connector H Figure 15 shows more information about this e Place the upper stopper N over the sample container Fig 14 Mounting the APM adapter extension liquid level spindle sample container Fig 15 Full APM adapter Important Do this slowly since the spindle must be inserted correctly in the sample When working with a more viscous sample be careful to avoid pulling the spindle upwards Hold the spindle connector mportant The piece named G has two possible holes for the upper screw The top hole is a Universal hole to screw our small sample adapter to other viscometers The bottom hole is to screw COLE PARMER pieces NOTE Before starting with the measurements make sure the viscometer is correctly balanced check it with the bubble level The Spindle
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