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Model 3451 - Troxler Electronic Laboratories

1. Please make a selection Figure 7 1 Data Manager Main Menu Model 3451 7 5 MANAGE PROJECT DATA As noted earlier the Data Manager software includes tools for downloading and managing project measurement data from the PDA To access these tools click Manage Project Data on the Main Menu see Figure 7 1 From the resulting menu see Figure 7 2 the operator can 7 6 Download all projects from the PDA Select and view a downloaded project Print project data Delete all projects from the computer Send a selected project or all projects to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet A Manage a Project E Project View a Project Print Viewed Project Delete All Projects Exit to Main Send Project to Send All Projects to Spreadsheet Spreadsheet Please make a selection Figure 7 2 Manage a Project Menu A TROYLER DOWNLOAD ALL PROJECTS NOTE To download data from the PDA to the computer the PDA must be powered on with the RoadReader Plus application started as described on page 3 8 NOTE After project data is downloaded to the computer it is deleted from the PDA To download project data from the PDA to the computer press the Download Projects button on the Manage a Project menu see Figure 7 2 The Data Manager software displays the prompt shown in Figure 7 3 on the following page As directed Y Using the serial cable PN 110693 provided with
2. CONTENTS Radiation Theory uti iia A 2 Atomic Structure desicion dd A 2 Radioactivity syin a ie A 3 Types Of Radiation ceser eniras reniri aree s A 4 Radiation Stearns dara A 5 Radiation DOSE tii nn a A 5 Limiting Rxposume A 6 Personnel Monitoring ocococcconcconnconnnonnnnnncnn nono noconaconccnnncnnncnnos A 8 Source Encapsulation coooconnccnnocnnoncnoncnoncnonoconaconoconccnnncnnccnn nos A 8 Source Rod Inspection envvnnnvnvnvnnnrnrvrarenarenrrsnrnsnvrenvesnvennvene A 9 Daily Inspect oniicnt ir ices nee dene Ghee A 10 Cleaning the Tungsten Blocke AAA A 11 Leak Testin Siis enes ee t o E V E SESA A 13 Regulatory Requirements ssrnronnnnnnrnvennrnvennnnerrrvsnnrnvenneneenresennne A 14 Le E tt da A 14 PHAM A rene A 14 Disposal E A 15 Emergency Procedures ooooonocccocnconnconncnnncnananancnnncona nono ncnnnoo A 15 Gauge Use Precautions cu cticicncicnsate idiota slarhiesicsteise ut A 17 3451 Radiation Profile A 18 Model 3451 Appendix A 1 gt Ka gt z gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt RADIATION THEORY A more detailed discussion of radiological theory can be found in the Troxler Nuclear Gauge Safety Training Program manual provided at the Troxler Safety Class ATOMIC STRUCTURE All matter is made up of atoms For example water has two atoms of hydrogen H and one atom of oxygen O which in chemical notation is written H20 An atom is made up of a dense nucleus consisting of positively
3. Pass System 2 2028 0 5 Pass Moisture 1139 0 4 Pass Do you wish to use this new standard count Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 4 3 Standard Count Results gt Ifthe standard count fails and it has been less than a month since the last standard count but the count was performed correctly and the failure is less than 5 press the Yes button If the failure is more than 5 press the NO button Ensure that the gauge is properly positioned on the reference standard block Figure 4 2 Verify that the standard count site meets the criteria listed on page 4 2 Take another standard count and accept it if it fails by less than 5 If the standard count fails four times perform a stat test see page C 2 and a drift test see page C 5 and then contact your Troxler representative After the standard count passes the operator can take measurements with the gauge When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE position For added operator safety the source rod automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted using the handle z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 5 VIEW STANDARD COUNTS To view the last four standard counts press the View Counts button on the Standard Menu see Figure 4 1 The PDA displays the View Standard screen shown in Figure 4 Press the Done button to return to the Standard Menu EF View Standard
4. not shown AXTROXLER REFERENCE STANDARD BLOCK mb 4 D O U CH O Z PN 107830 DRILL ROD PN 100421 a TRANSPORT CASE EXTRACTION TOOL PN 110422 3451 PN 103680 1000 SPRE SCRAPER PLATE ees DRILL ROD GUIDE PN 107795 Note Images not to scale Figure 1 1 Model 3451 Parts and Accessories Model 3451 1 9 AC CHARGER PN 110403 FOR GAUGE INTERMEC 700 SERIES MOBILE COMPUTER PDA PN 110687 DC AUTO ADAPTER PN 110692 FOR PDA DC AUTO ADAPTER PN 104156 FOR GAUGE UNIVERSAL AC ADAPTER PN 110691 amp AC POWER CORD PN 110690 FOR PDA SERIAL CABLE ASSEMBLY PN 110693 PDA to PC Note Images not to scale Figure 1 1 Model 3451 Parts and Accessories Continued 1 10 TROXLER UNPACKING AND INSPECTION Troxler recommends that the operator wear a dosimeter while working with the gauge Upon receipt of the gauge from the factory perform a complete inspection and inventory If the shipping case and or any other part or accessory appears damaged notify the carrier and your Troxler Representative immediately mb D e U CH O Z Check the shipping cases for the items listed on page 1 8 In addition the shipping cases should contain the Gauge Warranty and a Source Certificate For shipping to another location or back to the factory save the boxes and any packing material For shipping instructions and r
5. 300 MHz processor or better 64 MB RAM Hard disk with 10 MB of free disk space CD ROM drive o VGA graphics adapter and monitor default with 256 colors or better Mouse Keyboard RECOMMENDED HARDWARE Pentium 1 GHz processor 128 MB RAM SOFTWARE Microsoft Windows XP Microsoft Excel 7 0 or higher or Excel for Office 97 2000 XP 7 4 TROYLER STARTING THE DATA MANAGER PROGRAM To start the Data Manager program click on the Windows Start button then select the Programs menu and the DataManager folder Select the DataManager menu item The application loads then displays a copyright screen Click anywhere on the screen to continue The software displays the Main Menu as shown in Figure 7 1 The Data Manager program includes tools to download and manage project measurement data stored on the PDA to download and view the active project configuration and to recover project data directly from the gauge in case of an emergency such as the loss or failure of the PDA These tools are described in the following sections A Troxler Electronic Laboratories Data Manager File Help Main Menu i Manage Project The Troxler Model 3451 main menu allows you to manage your project data print your View Project active project configurations and recover Configuration your project data from the gauge in case of an emergency N D gt zl gt gt gt Q m ov Recover Projects
6. Density Std 1995 i 7 Predicted Density Std 2002 Project Stats gt Percent Difference 0 3496 Moisture Counts STAT Test Drift Test Moisture Std 1138 Please download the currently active project Figure 7 11 Source Decay Display 7 16 TROYLER STAT TEST As described on page C 2 erratic readings or readings that seem to fluctuate may indicate a problem with the gauge If the readings are suspect the operator can perform a stat test or statistical stability test to validate the normal operation of the gauge To view the results of the most recent stat test press the STAT Test button on the Print Active Project Menu As shown in Figure 7 12 the Data Manager software displays the stat test results DRIFT TEST As described on page C 5 if the gauge passes the stat test but shows long term drift between measurements the operator can perform a drift test to check the long term drift To view the results of the most recent drift test press the Drift Test button on the Print Active Project Menu As shown in Figure 7 13 the Data Manager software displays the drift test results SEND TO PRINTER To print the configuration of the active project press the Send to Printer button on the Print Active Project Menu The software prompts the operator to ensure that a printer is connected to the computer and that the printer is powered on After doing so press OK The software sends the project co
7. I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 7 ran DRILL ROD LS SS e SS SS lt EXTRACTION TOOL m P SCRAPER PLATE N DRILL ROD GUIDE Figure 4 5 Drill Rod Assembly d Mark the test area before removing the scraper plate to ensure the gauge is placed over the same area as the scraper plate Figure 4 6 CAUTION Under no circumstances should the source rod of the gauge be used to drill holes MARK FOR SCRAPER MARKS PLATE CENTER SCRAPER N SCRAPER PLATE MARK FOR DRILL PLATE ROD CENTER METHOD 1 METHOD 2 Figure 4 6 Marking the Test Area 48 TROYLER d Remove the drill rod by pulling straight up and twisting the extraction tool Do not loosen the drill rod by tapping from side to side with a hammer Also do not rock the extraction tool from side to side This will distort the hole or cause loose material to fall into the hole Y Carefully pick up the scraper plate BACKSCATTER MODE Backscatter mode is used on concrete asphalt and soil layers approximately four inches thick d Locate a smooth site on the test material d Fill the voids on open mixes with sand or cement NOTE The gauge base must rest on the test material not the fill material d Ensure that the gauge does not rock To ensure accurate readings the gauge base must be completely in contact with the test material If the gauge rocks then find a more suitable test site If taking a me
8. Moisture Offset Erase Prompt o O i Qo 2 E 3 e Model 3451 6 11 TRENCH OFFSET To use the Model 3451 in a trench or within 0 6 m 2 ft of a large vertical surface first perform a trench offset When a trench offset is enabled the gauge automatically applies a trench density offset to readings of 4 in or less and a trench moisture offset to all readings For direct transmission measurements over 4 inches deep only the trench moisture offset is used In the displays shown in this section TMO refers to trench moisture offset TDO refers to trench density offset values one for each set of detectors To access the trench offset function press the Trench button on the Offset Menu shown in Figure 6 1 on page 6 3 The PDA displays the Trench Offset Select screen shown in Figure 6 11 The current trench offset values are displayed in the box To enable the offset press Enable To disable the offset press Disable The PDA displays a confirmation message Press the ok button to return to the Trench Offset Select screen EF Trench Offset Select 11 38 Trench Offset TIMO 0 Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 6 11 Trench Offset Select 6 12 A TROYLER To determine a new trench offset press Change The PDA displays the prompt Set rod to STD Pos Press OK for 1 minute STD count in trench Select a position inside the trench and the same distance from the wall as the test mea
9. Special Calibration menu gt Press Cancel to exit without erasing the special calibration file The PDA displays The thin layer calibration named XXX will not be erased Press ok to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu Enable a Thin Layer Special Calibration To enable a thin layer special calibration already stored in the gauge press the Enable button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu see Figure 6 21 The PDA displays the Thin Lift File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 26 To select and enable a thin layer special calibration press the file name twice The PDA displays The thin layer calibration XXX has been activated Press OK to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu Disable a Thin Layer Special Calibration To disable the active thin layer special calibration press the Disable button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu see Figure 6 21 The PDA displays The special thin layer calibration XXX has been deactivated Press ok to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu 6 26 TROYLER Number of Averages The Number of Averages function allows averaging of up to 20 readings from a single test location when testing thin layer asphalt This function is used only when the gauge is measuring in thin layer mode When the gauge is using this function the PDA automatically prompts for repositioning of the gauge from a test location and begins another measurement After
10. The PDA displays the Windows desktop as shown in Figure 3 8 To return to the Troxler menu press the Start button in the upper left and select Intermec Launcher from the dropdown menu as shown in Figure 3 9 Intermec Launcher sf 9 39 S Thursday March 03 2005 EZ Tap here to set owner information 78 Fe No upcoming ap om Battery Status Intermec Launcher 01 09 COPYRIGHT 2002 2004 INTERMEC TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION Launcher Display 3 12 ATROXLER E E GER JONPIG pos Figure 3 9 Return to Troxler Menu PDA ACTIVESYNC CONFIGURATION The Microsoft ActiveSync software provided on the Pocket PC Companion CD allows the user create a partnership between the PDA and a desktop computer using the serial cable provided with the PDA ActiveSync must be properly configured in order to use the Data Manager software included with the gauge o Q m sl z Q YN gt Ka m D If the PDA becomes completely discharged verify the ActiveSync configuration after the unit is recharged To check the PDA s ActiveSync settings d Follow the directions on page 3 12 to display the Windows desktop d Press the Start button in the upper left corner of the desktop and select ActiveSync from the dropdown menu Model 3451 3 13 Press the Tools button in the lower left corner of the ActiveSync display and select Options from the menu The ActiveSync PC Synchronization screen is display
11. bearing may require lubrication d Using a 9 64 inch Allen wrench remove the six screws that hold the top shell to the gauge base Y Clean the screws and set them aside d Carefully remove the gauge top shell and slide it up out of the way To keep it out of the way tie the top shell to the handle Y To catch any grease place a rag or cloth under the vent valve located below the grease fitting on the source rod tower Y Using a standard 16 0z grease gun loaded with a Magnalube G cartridge apply five shots of lubricant or until all dirty grease is ejected from the vent valve and clean grease is visible d Re assemble the gauge REPLACING GASKETS The Model 3451 employs two o rings to protect its electronics from moisture dirt and debris However if the gauge has been exposed to extremely wet weather or high humidity or if the gauge was used in the cold and stored in a warm building condensation may form inside the gauge If this happens the top shell should be removed and the gauge allowed to dry Use a hair dryer on low heat if necessary to remove any built up moisture If moisture continues to be a problem or debris is present inside the gauge base the gaskets or O ring may need replacing To replace the top shell base O ring remove the screws that hold the top shell to the gauge base Lift the top shell from the gauge base Remove the O ring from the gauge base Coat the replacement O ring with vacuum grease Inst
12. jects ecuun is 7 8 Print Viewed Project mimica ii 7 9 Delete All Projects caritas Eia 7 9 Send Project to Spreadsheet oooonccnnnnnncnnncnnoccnoncnoncnoncnonaconacns 7 9 Model 3451 7 1 N D gt gt gt gt Q m J CONTENTS Continued View Project Confteurapon 7 11 Download Configuration ees eseessecsseceneceneceseeeneeeeeeeees 7 12 Gauge EC 7 12 Project SUD tii 7 13 Standard e 7 13 Bretagne ke AE 7 15 Source RE EEN 7 15 ST L RE 7 17 Dritt Lester een Seu E sette 7 17 Send 0 Brmter NEEN eens 7 17 Send to File blico 7 17 Recover Projects cansino ener 7 19 Recover Projects dl ae 7 19 Print Project Suicida cis lead endian eos 7 20 Send to Spreadeheet AAA 7 21 72 AXTROYLER INTRODUCTION The Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP is the software companion to the Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus This software includes tools for collecting project data from the PDA or gauge on a personal computer PC printing project configuration information and recovering data from the gauge in case of an emergency such as the loss of the PDA NOTE The Data Manager software is intended to be used with Windows XP operating systems only N D gt zl gt gt gt Q m D Model 3451 7 3 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS The following sections list the hardware and software requirements for using Data Manager software MINIMUM HARDWARE Personal computer with a Pentium
13. offset must be a positive value Perform a trench offset before taking measurements inside a trench or close vertical structures Vertical structures scatter neutrons and gamma photons back to the gauge This scattering could result in inaccurate moisture and density readings To enable an offset press the Change Settings button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 on page 3 18 The PDA displays the Change Settings menu shown in Figure 5 1 on page 5 2 Press the Gauge Offsets button The PDA displays the Offset Menu shown in Figure 6 1 6 2 AXTROXLER BF Moisture sf 4 09 ig vet Density o Procure o Trench OFF Please make a selection Offsets Help Ej Figure 6 1 Offset Menu o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e Model 3451 6 3 WET DENSITY OFFSET The wet density offset is the actual wet density of the material minus the wet density determined by the gauge To access the wet density offset functions press the Wet Density button on the Offset Menu see Figure 6 1 The PDA displays the Wet Density Offset Select screen shown in Figure 6 2 The current wet density offset is displayed in the box To enable the offset press Enable To disable the offset press Disable The PDA displays a confirmation message Press the ok button to return to the Wet Density Offset Select screen To enter a new wet density offset press Change The PDA displays the input screen shown in Figure 6 3 Ent
14. way To keep it out of the way tie the top shell to the handle Locate the fuse which is located on the top circuit board see Figure C 10 Remove the old fuse and replace it with a new one Re assemble the gauge top shell Appendix C 26 AXTROYLER MECHANICAL MAINTENANCE CLEANING THE BASE AND TOP SHELL To clean the gauge base use a putty knife to scrape away any built up accumulations of soil or asphalt Be careful not to damage the gauge base After removing any large accumulations wipe the gauge base with a cloth soaked in WD 40 see note below The WD 40 should remove the remaining debris 9 D le GA E m Ka I Q O z o The 3451 gauge top shell is manufactured from an engineering thermoplastic designed specifically to provide high impact strength and to offer excellent compatibility with many industrial solvents and petro chemicals The top shell may be cleaned with mild low alkaline soap and water Other approved cleaning substances include methyl isopropyl or isobutyl alcohols A cloth dampened with kerosene or diesel fuel may be used to remove heavy soils Avoid prolonged exposure and do not soak CAUTION The use of any unapproved cleaning agents such as methyl ethyl ketones amines and methylene chloride will damage the top shell and void the warranty Model 3451 Appendix C 27 LUBRICATING THE SOURCE ROD If the source rod does not slide up and down freely the source rod
15. 012789 100761 Model 3451 DESCRIPTION Lubricant Magnalube G Paste 1 5 oz Lubricant Magnalube G Paste 1 Ib Can Lubricant Magnalube G 14 5 oz Source Rod Pig Appendix C 31 RETURNING THE GAUGE FOR SERVICE All shipments within the United States to the factory must be accompanied by an RGA Returned Goods Authorization number and a description of the instrument and its problem This information is used by Troxler shipping and service personnel to expedite the repair work To obtain and RGA number please contact the factory or branch office with your request Please have the following information available when contacting Troxler for an RGA number Gauge model and serial number Part number serial number if applicable Is the gauge still under warranty Problem or difficulty you are having with the instrument Shipment method to Troxler and for return shipment Shipping and billing address not P O Box street address and zip code Telephone number and contact for questions from Troxler Will estimate be required before performing any work on the gauge Payment method credit card account number or purchase order number All U S government agencies city county state and federal must send purchase order numbers NOTE To prevent order duplication if an order has been placed by telephone please write Confirming Order on any follow up written requests NOTE When returning a 345
16. 1 minute counts Therefore each test takes approximately twenty minutes to conduct 9 D le Cc GA FE m Ka I Q O a Z o DO NOT turn the gauge off between a stat test and a drift test The stat test must be current The gauge must not be moved between the stat and drift tests to eliminate possible failure due to positioning changes To access the Drift Test functions press the Drift Test button on the Diagnostics Menu see Figure C 1 The PDA displays the Drift Test Menu shown in Figure C 6 Taking a Drift Test With the gauge still in an area free of other nuclear gauges or radioactive sources and on the reference standard block press Take Drift Test The PDA displays the date and time of the last stat test and asks whether to continue with the drift test NOTE If it has been less than four hours or more than eight hours since the last stat test then the gauge allows the operator to exit the drift test To exit and take another stat test press No at the prompt To continue with the drift test press Yes at the prompt Model 3451 Appendix C 5 EF Drift Test Menu Take Drift Test Review Drift Test Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure C 6 Drift Test Menu The PDA displays To perform a Drift test place the gauge on the standard block with the source rod in the STD position and click OK Ensure that the gauge is positioned properly and press OK As noted earlier the ga
17. 12 View Calibration constants using Data Manager 7 12 Drift test using Data Manager 7 17 Project 0n PDA hirere rrenetakoa EnA EAS E SEE REESEN 3 21 Project configuration using Data Manager 7 11 Project data using Data Manager 7 8 Project setup using Data Manager 7 13 Project status using Data Manager 7 15 SOUP semilla ena 53 Soil special calibration oononnncnnncnincnnncnnocnnonoconoconaconaconncanccnnos 6 17 Standard counts ici iaa a 4 6 Standard counts using Data Manager 7 13 Stat test using Data Manager 7 17 KE E 5 17 Thin layer special calibration ooooonnconnnnnocnnoconoccnonononcconaconacnno 6 25 K tt DEE 5 14 Voidless density value 5 14 W Wet density oftaet e negasjon kne 2 6 6 2 64 Wide Area Augmentation System NA AS 1 5 Windows desktop egent aid is 3 12 Index 10 AXTROXLER NOTES ALNVYYVM Model 3451 Warranty 1 III V Sgggggggggggeggggggggggegggggggggegggege TROXLER ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES INC LIMITED WARRANTY TROXLER ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES INC and subsidiary TROXLER INTERNATIONAL LTD hereinafter referred to as TROXLER warrants this instrument Model 3451 Serial Number against defects in material and workmanship for a period of 18 months from date of shipment Products sold not as an internal part of the Model 3451 unit manufactured by TROXLER such as the Pocket PC PDA shall be warranted by the original equipment manufacturer of such products
18. 13 sn Se Error File copy This error can occur when the PDA is storing information to its hard drive Possible causes Y Hard drive full Y The directory subdirectory does not exist Error File Erase This error will occur when trying to delete a file and the PDA will not allow the file to be erased This may indicate that another program has control of the file Error File init txt does not exist This error can occur if the PDA attempts to store information to its hard drive but the directory subdirectory does not exist Appendix C 14 LAT Error Gauge communication will NOT be possible This error can occur if the gauge and the PDA cannot communicate Possible causes Gauge not turned on PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Check that the PDA is the one shipped with the gauge Before leaving the Troxler factory the transceivers on the gauge and PDA are programmed with a unique matching address The PDA can only communicate with the matching gauge Y Verify the PDA s Bluetooth communications configuration as described on page 3 14 d Verify the PDA s ActiveSync configuration as described on page 3 13 KKK 9 D le GA E m Ka I Q O z o ERROR Invalid ABORT Characters This error can occur when trying to abort from a process Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of t
19. 3 11 Calibrate depth Silicio triada CA O Ost ea e tee Dei 2 6 3 16 UA teat i eee tat aw acai 6 5 Osdia di E Ee RE eee aati 6 2 SOU ipere oreinen sonal sat EEE EEE spp ASA DE bane 6 14 Special iii AS 6 14 Thin layer eee A ae 6 20 A EEE sakrale has 6 12 View constants using Data Manager ooooonnocccoccnonononoconananannss 7 12 Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission CNSC 1 3 D 5 A 14 Canadian shipping requirements eennvnrnrnrnrnrnrarnvrrnenenvnrnvrrnvennven D 5 Cestum 137 Cs2137 raste A A 2 2 Charge batteries iii C 24 Charger COMECtON Ae eege icon aise ena 34 Charger aimara ind 1 8 Cleaning Base and top hello Zeus uge Badge savacestadocagtouste C 27 Tungsten blocks ccoo iaa KEEN AE A 11 Code ACC iia XV RE EE 5 9 Code of Federal Regulations CERN 14 Concrete taking meagurements 4 15 Convert UniS ic aars aner F 1 EDU EE ee 5 6 Customer Names ii deretter 5 7 D Data Manager software snrnnvnnnvnnnrrenrnenrnenvnsnvnsnvnsnvennvensveneneeenseee 7 1 Data projects arar e a teeta en 3 19 Date leak test eessen Ee eet e 5 13 DC adapter EE 1 8 Declaration of Conformity ernrrronnrnvonnvnerrrvrnnrnvennrnsennnsennne 1 4 G 2 Delete all projects from Data Manager 7 9 Deia 2 2 2 6 4 11 4 15 4 18 6 2 Department of Transportation OTI D 1 Index 2 ATROXLER Depth Calibrate ceana nei che Ai CA ere 5 10 AAA edbeatecatetsede 2 3 SUP rasene ben 5 10 IR e EE 1 8 2 2 Direct traMSMISSiON ooooconon
20. 3 8 inches or less in diameter or those passing a 4 sieve If an unusual reading is obtained and oversize particles are suspected rotate the gauge 90 Use the same drill hole to take a second reading Model 3451 4 11 a 2 z o I m Q gt Q m d While the gauge is taking a measurement the PDA displays the time remaining d After the count time the gauge collects the count information and GPS data and then transmits this data to the PDA Y The PDA displays the prompt Would you like to add project notes This enables the operator to enter project notes to be stored with the measurement results gt To continue without entering project notes press No gt To add project notes press Yes The PDA displays the Project Notes screen shown in Figure 4 7 Enter the desired notes and press Ok Troxler recommends that the information entered as project notes does not exceed 40 characters d The PDA displays the measurement results as shown in Figure 4 8 Note that the Fix Quality is displayed as GPS fix This indicates that the gauge s GPS receiver was able to determine a GPS location but the Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS was not available For more information on GPS accuracy refer to page 1 5 Press the ok button to continue ES Project Notes d 10 40 ____R R AA Project Notes GPS Enabled Exit Please make a selection Ej Figure 4 7 Entering Project
21. IMPLIED AND TROXLER NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANYONE TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE OF THE INSTRUMENT THIS WARRANTY SHALL NOT APPLY TO THE INSTRUMENT OR ANY PART THEREOF WHICH HAS BEEN SUBJECTED TO DAMAGE BY ACCIDENT NEGLIGENCE ALTERATION ABUSE MISUSE OR SERVICE NOT AUTHORIZED IN WRITING BY TROXLER SUCH DAMAGE TO INCLUDE BUT NOT BE LIMITED TO BURNING OF CIRCUIT BOARDS AND HARNESS FROM IMPROPER SOLDERING TECHNIQUES AND DAMAGE TO THE INSTRUMENT DUE TO PURCHASER S FAILURE TO PERFORM MAINTENANCE AS OUTLINED IN THE AUTHORIZED OPERATOR S MANUAL DUE TO THE NATURE OF THEIR USE MECHANICAL ACCESSORY PARTS AND BATTERIES ARE WARRANTED FOR 90 DAYS ONLY FROM DATE OF SHIPMENT TROXLER ELECTRONIC LABORATORIES INC Troxler International Ltd Troxler Electronics Canada Ltd 3008 Cornwallis Road Post Office Box 12057 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 U S A NOTICE TO CONSUMERS Any disclaimer or limitation on the remedies expressed above shall not be effective to the extent prohibited by state or federal law NOTE THIS WARRANTY EXCLUDES DAMAGE INCURRED IN SHIPMENT IF THIS INSTRUMENT IS RECEIVED IN DAMAGED CONDITION THE CARRIER SHOULD BE CONTACTED IMMEDIATELY ALL CLAIMS FOR DAMAGE IN TRANSIT SHOULD BE FILED WITH THE CARRIER IF REQUESTED TROXLER WILL AID IN FILING OF CLAIMS AND OR LOCATING GAUGES LOST IN TRANSIT CAN Sg gggggggggggeggegggeggggggeggggggeggegeggegeg Sgggegggegegggegggegeggge
22. If not Y Ensure that the gauge is turned on as described on page 3 8 d Press the Device Discovery button on the PDA The PDA will attempt to establish communications with or discover the gauge Upon discovery the gauge will be listed in the upper Devices box Y Highlight the 3451 XXXX listing in the Devices box and press the Connect button The 3451 XXXX listing should move to the Connected box Highlight 3451 XXXX listing in the Connected box and press the Properties button In the Choose COM Port box ensure that the Com 6 radio button is selected Ensure that the Enable Wireless Printing box is checked Ge Q m sl 3 Z o Ku gt Ka m D Press the ok button to return to the Bluetooth Settings display Press the ok button to return to the Settings display Press X to return to the Windows desktop Follow the directions on page 3 12 to return to the Troxler menu Model 3451 3 15 ROADREADER PLUS MAIN MENU NOTE To ensure proper communications between the PDA and gauge always power the gauge on before starting the RoadReader Plus software To start the RoadReader Plus software press the Troxler 3451 button on the Troxler menu see Figure 3 4 on page 3 10 The software displays a splash screen that includes the software version and gauge serial number The software then establishes Bluetooth wireless communications between the PDA and gauge When communications have been established
23. Notes 412 A TROYLER EF 3451 RoadReader Plu 10 04 Information lok Count Results 2 7 05 10 04 32 AM Latitude O Longitude O Fix Quality GPS fix Target Proctor Dry Density 132 9 pcf Wet Density 155 8 pcf Moist Content 22 9 pcf Moisture 17 23 Air Voids Target Air Voids Void Ratio DCL 8184 DC2 3553 MC 439 DS1 8127 DS2 2019 MS 1134 Figure 4 8 Count Results Soil Mode Y The PDA stores the measurement results in the active project then displays the confirmation message Soil results stored in project XXX where XXX is the active project name Press the OK button to continue d The PDA then stores the project data in the gauge Upon completion the PDA displays Project storage to gauge complete Press the ok button to return to the main menu NOTE If the gauge is unable to obtain GPS data after taking a count it will still send the count results to the PDA and the results will be stored in the active project d Lift the gauge from the test site by the source rod handle This returns the source rod to the SAFE shielded position When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE position If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block the sliding block may require clean
24. PDA to calibrate the depth strip Upon completion the PDA displays Depth strip validation passed Press OK to return to the Diagnostics Menu Appendix C 8 TROYLER TROUBLESHOOTING PDA SOFTWARE IS LOCKED UP d If the PDA software is locking up if may be due to a lack of free memory space This is most likely caused by other programs running in the background To close unnecessary programs that may be running d Press Start and select Settings from the dropdown menu d Press the System button at the bottom of the display d Press the Memory icon Y Press the Running Programs button at the bottom of the display d Press the Stop All button to halt all programs currently running in the PDA memory NOTE PDA devices run programs in the background even when these programs are closed Therefore the above procedure may need to be repeated regularly Refer to the PDA user manual for more information Y If the PDA memory has been completely depleted the PDA may remain in a locked up state In this case v Remove the PDA battery pack Y Press the Reset button located beneath the battery pack vd Reinstall the battery pack d The PDA will reboot several times this may take a few minutes amp Wait until the PDA displays the Troxler menu see Figure 34 on page 3 10 Y Turn the gauge on Y Press the Troxler 3451 button to initiate communications between the PDA and gauge Model 3451 Appendix
25. PROCEDURES If the nuclear gauge is lost or stolen then immediately notify the gauge owner s Radiation Safety Officer RSO The gauge owner should complete the emergency contact information on the lines furnished below Note that company refers to the gauge owner s company not Troxler Electronic Laboratories This information should be readily available to the gauge operator at all times The company RSO is Call the RSO at The regulatory agency is Call the agency at If a gauge is damaged then follow the steps below 1 Locate the gauge and or sources 2 Do not touch or move the gauge 3 Immediately rope off an area around the nuclear gauge and or sources A radius of 15 ft 5 m is sufficient Do not leave the area unattended 4 Keep all unauthorized personnel from the nuclear gauge Model 3451 Appendix A 15 gt Ka gt z gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt 5 Ifa vehicle is involved it must be stopped until the extent of contamination if any can be established 6 The gauge user should perform a visual inspection of the nuclear gauge to determine if the source housing or shielding has been damaged 7 Use a survey meter such as the TroxAlert Survey Meter to measure the dose rate at a distance of one meter 3 ft from the gauge 8 Contact the company RSO name and number given at the beginning of this section Provide the RSO with the following The date time and location of the
26. Status Ej cauge Status Menu 11 53 View Status View Constants Gauge Temperature Battery Status Source Decay Link to PC GPS Location Please make a selection Please make a selection Menu El Figure 3 17 Gauge Figure 3 18 Gauge Tools Menu Status Menu 3 24 A TROYLER VIEW STATUS The gauge status information includes the software version measurement units count time measurement mode Marshall Proctor and voidless density values measurement mode status percent air voids status specific gravity and offset status and values To view this information press the View Status button on the Gauge Status Menu The PDA displays a View Status screen similar to the one shown in Figure 3 19 To scroll through the various gauge values press the scroll bar using the stylus Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Status Menu VIEW CONSTANTS The constants include the calibration constants as well as the date of the most recent calibration To view this information press the View Constants button on the Gauge Status Menu The PDA displays the View Constants screen shown in Figure 3 20 To scroll through the calibration constant values press the scroll bar using the stylus Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Status Menu EJ view Status d 11 09 ES View Constants d 11 10 o Q m al z o Ku gt Ka m D Press Done to continue Press Done to continue Menu E
27. accident The gauge model and serial number The nature of the accident The location and condition of the gauge and or source 9 BOT B The dose rate at 3 ft 1 m from the gauge 9 Ifyou are unable to reach the RSO then call your regulatory agency name and number given at the beginning of this section 10 Follow the instructions of the RSO The RSO may need to report the incident to the regulatory agency The RSO may also be required to notify the U S DOT of accidents during transport 11 Before shipping a damaged gauge to Troxler obtain an RGA Returned Goods Authorization number from the Troxler Customer Service Department as described in the Returning the Gauge for Service section on page C 32 Appendix A 16 LAT GAUGE USE PRECAUTIONS The following precautions should be observed when transporting storing maintaining or operating the gauge Never touch the unshielded tip of the source rod with your bare hands The dose rates on contact with the source rod tip can result in exposures exceeding the annual dose limits to the skin of the extremities within a short time period about 1 hour When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE shielded position For added user safety the source rod automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted by the handle If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position look at the bottom of the gauge to verify
28. all measurements have been completed the gauge calculates the average density of the test material When taking counts on thin layer asphalt Troxler recommends averaging four one minute readings see the Thin Layer Mode section on page 4 18 To access this function press the Number of Averages button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu see Figure 6 21 The PDA requests the number of thin layer averages as shown in Figure 6 28 Enter the desired number of readings 1 through 20 for the gauge to average Press Ok to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu EF Input Number of Avera 3 12 Input Number of Averages D SE ct lv nap Figure 6 28 Input Number of Averages Model 3451 6 27 o O i Qo 2 E 3 e 6 28 NOTES A TROXLER CHAPTER 7 USING DATA MANAGER This chapter describes the Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP software provided with the gauge This software provides tools for retrieving and managing project data from the PDA or gauge CONTENTS Introductions ithe saa aie ie aka Ga Reid tote ees 7 3 System Regouirementg ties a E Ei 1 4 Minimum Hardware 74 Recommended Hardware 74 SOWAT soil tierra ies clean 74 Starting the Data Manager Program ooonoccnnocinoccnoncnoncnonononocnacana ns 7 5 Manage Project Dag eege pci 7 6 Download All Projects ooooconoccnoccconcconnconncnnncnancnaccrnn cora nonnnos 11 View a Pr
29. charged protons and uncharged neutrons surrounded by a cloud of negatively charged electrons Under normal circumstances the number of electrons in an atom equals the number of protons The number of protons in the atom is called the atomic number Z A chemical element consists of all atoms having the same atomic number The number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus is called the atomic mass A Atoms of a given chemical element can exist in slightly different variants called isotopes that have different atomic masses For example carbon 12 C 12 is non radioactive and carbon 14 C 14 is radioactive Isotopes that are radioactive are termed radioisotopes or radionuclides Figure A 1 depicts a helium atom consisting of two protons and two neutrons in the nucleus and two orbiting electrons ELECTRONS NEUTRON e PROTON Figure A 1 Diagram of an Atom Appendix A 2 A TROXLER RADIOACTIVITY Radioactivity is the spontaneous transformation or disintegration of an unstable nucleus into a more stable configuration accompanied by the emission of radiation The quantity of a radioactive material is measured in terms of the average number of nuclear disintegrations per unit time The traditional unit of measure for radioactivity or activity is the curie Ci which is defined as 3 7 x 10 disintegrations per second The activities of the radioactive sources in nuclear gauges are so small that they are typically measured in
30. continue Menu Ej Figure 5 3 View Setup Display Model 3451 5 3 UNITS The Model 3451 can display measurement results in either metric SD or U S units To set the units press the Units button on the Gauge Setup menu shown on page 5 2 The PDA displays the Set Units Menu shown in Figure 5 4 The current units selection is shown at the top of the menu To select new measurement units press the corresponding button The PDA sets the new units and displays a confirmation message Press the Ok button to return to the Set Units Menu Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Setup menu EF Set Units Menu sf 10 39 Units In Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 5 4 Set Units Menu 5 4 A TROYLER MODE The Model 3451 provides three measurement modes Soil Asphalt and Thin Layer for precise readings on base and thin layer asphalt concrete soil soil stone aggregate and similar materials gt Use the Soil mode when measuring soil or a soil stone aggregate gt Use Asphalt mode when measuring concrete or asphalt layers of 4 inches or greater gt Select the Thin Layer mode when measuring thin layer asphalt of less than 4 inches In thin layer mode the gauge can average up to 20 readings from a single test location When using this function the PDA automatically prompts for repositioning of the gauge from a test location and begins another measurement After all measurements have be
31. created For proper operation create a soil special calibration for each required measurement depth Before performing a special calibration prepare the sample area for testing as described in Chapter 4 SOIL SPECIAL CALIBRATION The factory calibration provides accurate results for the majority of materials encountered in the field However there are situations when varying material compositions and or texture could affect the gauge accuracy The Soil Special Calibration function is used to recalibrate the Model 3451 gauge for material characteristics not covered by the factory calibration The true density can be determined by carefully measuring samples of a known material using an alternate method in a laboratory or in the field This function is activated only in Soil mode To access the Soil Special Calibration function press the Special Calibration button on the Change Settings menu see Figure 5 1 The PDA displays the Special Calibration Menu shown in Figure 6 13 The following sections provide details on the Special Calibration function 6 14 AXTROYLER EY special Calibration Men 2 49 enano gea Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 6 13 Soil Special Calibration Menu o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e New Special Calibration To create a new special calibration the operator must take readings with the gauge and enter the true density The Model 3451 can store one partial calib
32. ease of use and operator safety Like the 3450 gauge the Model 3451 incorporates the proven capabilities of Troxler s 3400 moisture density and 4640 thin layer density gauges in a single unit that can perform thin layer backscatter direct transmission and moisture measurements In addition to the features found in the 3450 gauge The Model 3451 is controlled using a handheld personal digital assistant PDA which allows the operator to stand away from the gauge while operating it via Bluetooth wireless communications An onboard GPS receiver enables the Model 3451 to store precise GPS coordinates along with the standard date and time stamp for each measurement The Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP software included with the gauge enables the operator to collect project data from the PDA or gauge on a personal computer PC print project configuration information and recover data from the gauge in case of an emergency such as the loss of the PDA With the Model 3451 the operator can quickly and precisely measure the moisture content and density of construction materials The gauge s features include e Three measurement modes soil asphalt and thin layer for precise compaction control readings in most construction materials Soil Mode For moisture density determinations in soil soil stone materials in layers of 4 inches or greater Asphalt Mode For density determinations in asph
33. error can occur ifthe PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes Y The project directory has been deleted v PDA has an internal problem Appendix C 16 TROYLER Error No special directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes v The special calibration directory has been deleted Y PDA has an internal problem Error No specific gravity directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered 9 D le GA E m Ka I Q O z o Possible causes d The specific gravity directory has been deleted Y PDA has an internal problem Error No thin lift directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes v The thin layer special calibration directory has been deleted d PDA has an internal problem Error No voidless density directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes v The voidless density directory has been deleted Y PDA has an internal problem Error Powering up GPS This error can occur when turning on the GPS Possible causes Y PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Model 3451 Appendix C 17 Error Turning off GPS This error can occur when turnin
34. fast neutrons gt Ka gt y gt O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 7 PERSONNEL MONITORING In the United States anyone working with or near radioactive materials is subject to occupational dose limits Individual monitoring of each authorized user is recommended in order to demonstrate compliance with these dose limits The most common types of individual monitoring devices used by licensees are thermoluminescent dosimeter TLD badges TLD badges are usually exchanged monthly or quarterly Troxler offers NVLAP certified personnel monitoring services using TLD badges In Canada nuclear gauge users are not normally classified as Atomic Radiation Workers In such cases the general public dose limit of 500 mrem year applies Users may not be required to wear a dosimeter To establish the personnel monitoring requirements for your application consult the conditions of your radioisotope license and the CNSC regulatory document R9 Monitoring and Dose Recording for the Individual SOURCE ENCAPSULATION The neutron Am 241 Be and photon Cs 137 source materials are welded inside stainless steel capsules These sealed sources meet U S and international regulatory requirements for classification as Special Form radioactive material for purposes of transportation The sealed sources are designed to prevent leakage of radioactive material under severe accident conditions They are also designed to comp
35. not check that the sliding block spring was properly installed after cleaning If the sliding block still does not close properly immediately contact the nearest Troxler Service Center A WARNING Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is closed Increased radiation levels may violate transportation regulations and may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure The tungsten sliding block and the fixed tungsten block may require cleaning if the source rod becomes difficult to lower into the measure position or if a click is not heard when the source rod is raised to the SAFE shielded position An improperly operating sliding block may also result in erratic or incorrect density readings and increased radiation levels A WARNING Removal of the sliding block results in dose rates of up to one rem per hour in the path of the beam Stand clear of the gauge bottom while performing this procedure and proceed as quickly as possible while working in the cavity to minimize exposure to your extremities Model 3451 Appendix A 11 gt Ka gt z gt a O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Y With the source rod in the SAFE shielded position place the gauge on its side Y Clean the heads of the four corner screws that hold the bottom plate to the gauge base Figure A 3 Using a 1 8 inch Allen wrench remove the four screws in the corners of the plate and remove the plate Do not remove the two screws
36. on the Diagnostics Menu The PDA displays the STAT Test Menu see Figure C 2 Taking a Stat Test Choose an area free of other nuclear gauges or radioactive sources Place the gauge on the reference standard block as shown in Figure 4 2 on page 4 3 To perform a stat test press Take STAT Test The PDA displays To take a STAT test place the gauge on the standard block with the source rod in the STD position and click OK Ensure that the gauge is properly positioned and press OK Appendix C 2 AXTROYLER El Diagnostics Menu 3 16 EF star Test Menu EST i STAT Test i Take STAT Test Depth Strip En Please make a selection Please make a selection Menu E Menu Help Ej Figure C 1 Diagnostics Figure C 2 Stat Test Menu Menu As noted earlier the gauge takes 20 one minute counts Upon completion the PDA displays the raw counts see Figure C 3 To scroll through the data press the scroll bar using the stylus When finished press Continue The PDA displays the average counts for each system and indicates if the test passed or failed as shown in Figure C 4 Press Yes to accept the stat test results or NO to reject them The PDA displays a confirmation message Press Ok to return to the STAT Test Menu If the stat test fails see page C 2 Reviewing the Stat Test To review the results of the most recent stat test press the Review STAT Test button on the STAT Test Menu The PDA displays the result
37. project file press the Enable button on the Project Menu see Figure 3 12 The PDA displays the Project File Selector as shown in Figure 3 14 To select a project file press the project file name twice The PDA displays The project XXX has been enabled Press ok to return to the Project Menu 23 Q m Z o Ku gt Ka m D DISABLE PROJECT To disable the currently active project file press the Disable button on the Project Menu see Figure 3 12 The PDA displays Do you wish to disable the currently active project XXX Press Yes to disable the project The PDA displays Project XXX disabled Press ok to return to the Project Menu Press No to return to the Project Menu without disabling the project Model 3451 3 23 STATUS The RoadReader Plus software enables the operator to view information concerning the current gauge status calibration constants temperature battery status and source decay To access these functions press the Gauge Tools button on the main menu see Figure 3 11 The software displays the Gauge Tools menu shown in Figure 3 17 Press the Gauge Status button on the Gauge Tools menu to access the Gauge Status Menu see Figure 3 18 NOTE The PDA queries the gauge during the Gauge Temperature and Battery Status functions Therefore these functions can also be used to verify that the PDA and gauge can communicate properly EF Gauge Tools 3 14 Gauge
38. setting the measurement mode and taking measurements CONTENTS Taking a Standard Count eenrorvrererrnenrnennnsnvnsnvnsenrnenvnsnensnvesnvensvene 4 2 Take a New Standard Count 4 3 View Standard Counts 4 6 Preparing a Testeado is 4 7 Direct Transmission Mode 4 7 Backscatter Mode cccccccsssssssescsccceccassnssescccceecenssssvcscoees 4 9 Taking Measuremente 4 10 SOT MOGs atan EE Ka 4 11 Asphalt Mode is sicctstsseccdies sachs stesacheies teea Ea EEE ESEE EEREN 4 15 Thin Layer Modesto di 4 18 gt 2 z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 1 TAKING A STANDARD COUNT To adjust readings for source decay see Appendix A and natural background radiation take a daily standard count A four minute daily standard count helps ensure the highest measurement accuracy Locate the reference standard block shipped with the gauge Always take standard counts using the reference standard block Choose a standard count site The standard count site should be Dry and flat Atleast 3 meters 10 ft from any large vertical surface Atleast 10 meters 33 ft from any other radioactive source 4 On asphalt concrete or compacted soil at least 10 centimeters 4 in thick Turn the gauge and PDA on as described on page 3 8 At the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 on page 3 18 press the Standard Count button The PDA displays the Standard Menu see Figure 4 1 which shows the last
39. standard counts for moisture MS and density DS and DS2 EF Standard Menu 11 05 MS 1134 Take New Count Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 4 1 Standard Menu 42 A TROYLER TAKE A NEW STANDARD COUNT To take a new standard count press the Take New Count button The PDA displays the prompt Place the gauge on the standard block with the source rod in the STD position and click OK Place the reference standard block on the standard count site As shown in Figure 4 2 place the gauge on the reference standard block with the right side Troxler logo side of the gauge against the metal butt plate Ensure that the source rod is in the standard SAFE position and is firmly seated ET REFERENCE STANDARD BLOCK p gt pS c GU Z e 4 I METAL m o o lt BUTT 2 PLATE 2 Q m Figure 4 2 Standard Count Position Model 3451 4 3 Press the OK button to begin the standard count After taking the standard count the gauge software displays the results as shown in Figure 4 3 Troxler recommends that the operator keep a daily log of the standard counts see Appendix E To verify gauge stability compare the daily standard count to a reliable reference as follows During the first four days of operation of a new or recalibrated gauge compare the daily standard count to th
40. that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block the sliding block and fixed tungsten block may require cleaning Refer to Appendix C for cleaning instructions Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations When preparing a test site use the drill rod assembly to drill the test hole Under no circumstances should the source rod of the gauge be used to drill holes Do not tamper with or modify the 3451 gauge Also do not remove the sealed source from the gauge Tampering with or modifying the gauge or removing the sealed source can be dangerous Such actions are illegal unless authorized by your radioactive materials license gt Ka gt y gt O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 17 3451 RADIATION PROFILE Table A 1 shows the radiation profile for the Model 3451 gauge The table lists the radiation dose equivalent rates in mrem hour for each side of the gauge and transport case shown in Figure A 4 TOP RIGHT SIDE TRANSPORT CASE Figure A 4 Model 3451 Gauge and Transport Case Appendix A 18 A TROYLER Table A 1 Radiation Profile for Model 3451 Gauge Dose Rate in Millirem per Hour Front Back Left Side Right Side Top Bottom F
41. values see page 5 14 For information on using offsets and special calibrations refer to Chapter 6 Ge Q m sl 3 z o Ku gt Ka m D NEW PROJECT To create a new project press the New button on the Project Menu shown in Figure 3 12 The PDA displays the first page of the setup Wizard for a new project as shown in Figure 3 13 Model 3451 3 19 ES Project Menu ES wizard Page 1 d 10 46 EOS E M4 Disable Storage to Gauge Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 3 12 Project Menu Figure 3 13 New Project Setup Wizard Page 1 The Wizard is a series of screens that provides step by step instructions for setting up a new project Using the wizard the Operator is prompted to d Select the measurement mode Soil Asphalt or Thin Layer For more information refer to page 5 5 Y Select the desired measurement units For more information on measurement units refer to page 5 4 a Set the count time For more information see page 5 6 a For thin layer mode enter the thickness of the top layer Y Enable any previously entered target values For more information on target values see page 5 14 The Wizard displays the operator selections for review To change a setting press the Back button to return to the page for that function or press the Cancel button to start over When all settings are correct press the Next button to continue 320 A TROYLER The Wizard dis
42. 0 8 H x 13 9L x 17 9 W in 16 kg 35 3 Ib 42 5 kg 94 0 lb 0 to 70 C 32 to 158 F 175 C 347 F for 15 minutes 55 to 85 C 67 to 185 F 98 noncondensing CAUTION This instrument contains sensitive electronic and nuclear components This instrument must not be subjected to stress abuse or use other than in accordance with the standard operating procedures listed in this manual Model 3451 Appendix B 7 NOTES Appendix B 8 A TROXLER APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE This appendix provides details for troubleshooting and servicing the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus For further details call the nearest Troxler Service Center or representative CONTENTS Diagnostics Met Ergo fetes eden Anco E eds C 2 Stat KEE C 2 DE Tesoro eco ae C 5 Calibrate Depth Stripyrscccsccssccciesssceeelscstestolesvesscesaneenaenesestocetes CA Troubleshooting ussi ie en EE cette C 9 Error A NT C 13 Batteries ud lidia lisa C 24 Chad C 24 Replacing the Battertes C 24 Replacing Fuste tees ennai C 26 Mechanical Maintenance esnornrerererevrrenenenvnsnvnrnvennvenvneeenenevseser C 27 Cleaning the Base and Top Shell C 27 Lubricating the Source Rod C 28 Replacing Gaskets s isiccHoviisioastdan EE Ed lid C 28 Replacement Parts tcs inca lid C 29 PRCCESSOLIES visita bid E C 30 Gauge Options useunssikueebdissssties eneste C 30 PDA RI EE C 31 Maintenance Supplies ornnvrrnvvnnvvnnnrnnv
43. 04 Input top layer thickness Input the top layer thickness to use in inches Number of Averages 123 112 3 4 5 6 7 8 9f0 e Figure 6 22 Input Top Layer Thickness 6 22 A TROYLER Reposition the gauge and repeat the above procedure for each count see Figure 6 20 After taking all the readings the PDA displays Partial calibration saved Press New again to enter true density value Press OK to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu ENTERING THE TRUE DENSITIES To enter the true densities after a partial offset has been stored press the New button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu The PDA displays A partial thin layer calibration exists Do you wish to enter the true density value gt To enter the true density values press Yes The PDA requests the true density for each reading as shown in Figure 6 23 Enter each value and press Ok The PDA displays the thin layer special calibration values as shown in Figure 6 24 Press OK to continue The PDA requests a file name for the special calibration see Figure 6 25 Enter a file name up to 20 characters and press Ok The name should be as descriptive as possible to ensure that the special calibration value can be easily identified The PDA displays Thin layer calibration saved Do you wish to activate this thin layer calibration Press Yes to activate the special calibration or NO to continue The PDA returns to th
44. 1 gauge follow the required special handling and shipping procedures detailed in Appendix D Please contact a Troxler Sales Support or Service Representative with any questions Appendix C 32 TROYLER APPENDIX D TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING Devices containing radioactive materials must be transported in accordance with the rules of the U S Department of Transportation DOT and the International Atomic Energy Agency IAEA The IAEA recommendations have been codified in the International Air Transport Association IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations International customers should consult their local government or licensing authority for applicable regulations CONTENTS U S Shipping Reoutrements nono ncnnnccnnecnno D 2 Accident Notification Requirements oooconnccnnoconoccnoncnonaconacnno D 3 Hazmat Train Sees irere cbscersteuiestiabs aves Ae E iE EE D 3 Canadian Shipping Reoutremente D 5 Model 3451 Appendix D 1 zi Ka gt Z Ka VU O Ka tr gt O Z U S SHIPPING REQUIREMENTS The U S DOT hazmat regulations 49 CFR Parts 100 185 apply any time a nuclear device is transported by motor vehicle on a public highway or by other means of transport rail air ship The major requirements for transporting a nuclear gauge in the United States are listed below For more detailed information about these requirements please refer to the Troxler Transportation Guide A copy of the current IAEA Certific
45. 11 06 3 1134 4 1134 Press Done to continue Menu Ej Figure 4 4 View Standard Screen 4 6 A TROYLER PREPARING A TEST SITE To ensure measurement accuracy properly prepare the test site before taking gauge measurements This section describes how to prepare test sites properly for direct transmission and backscatter measurement modes For a description of these measurement modes refer to page 2 2 DIRECT TRANSMISSION MODE Direct transmission mode is used on materials with layers four inches thick or more This mode is most commonly used on soils but can also be used to measure asphalt and concrete d d Locate a smooth site on the test material free from any large holes cracks or debris If necessary smooth the surface by moving the scraper plate in a back and forth motion Fill any voids or depressions with fine sand Strike off any excess fill Place the scraper plate back on the surface and press down slightly to level the surface Drill a hole in the test material as follows d Put the drill rod through the extraction tool and then through one of the guides on the scraper plate Figure 4 5 Wear safety glasses and a radiation dosimeter Place the drill rod assembly on the test site Step on the scraper plate SA 846 Hammer the drill rod at least fifty millimeters 2 in deeper than the desired test depth The drill rod increments include the additional depth gt 2 z o
46. 2 e E 2 1 Densidad eiii 2 2 MOI UE id 2 3 Offset Austre aT dete bloated tie 2 6 Radical A 2 Special calibrati n ito a eai 2 6 MA trne ee eenei ee a Oa E E AEE Add 2 5 heat ao enert An 2 3 Thermoluminescent dosimeter TLD rrrrnnrvvnrnnnvvvnrnnnvvnrrnnrnvennn A 8 RUE 3 20 MA aie eee aden ieee 2 5 MOd SpeCifiCatiOns nenene enen aeeie ear Eiaa B 4 Special calibration mairena 6 20 Taking measurements ornvnnnvnnrnvrnnvvnnvvnrnvnenrnrnrasvraseraserassvssenn 4 18 Time COMA en rn re ev 5 6 Ke EE 1 4 A 14 Hl dree dE Eeer ies D 3 Transpor CASE egen Ee ele 1 8 B 7 B 5 Transport Packaging of Radioactive Materials Regulations TERM resci aea D 5 Transportation Canadian requirements oocconoccnocanocononcnonnnonnnnnnconncnn nono ncnonacnnccnns D 5 U S e AEN D 2 Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations TD 1 3 D 5 Trench OFFSEt sisi a E E E ac 2 6 6 2 6 12 Model 3451 Index 9 Troubleshooting su mmuesvmmiimmmevidbrrusrrierisareaturearmendiskriansr rensede C 9 Tungsten blocks cleaning ocoonccnnncnnnnnnocanocnnonnnonnconn crono rnnccnanns A 11 Type A package testing results DA U U S shipping requirements 0 0 0 ese ese csseceeceeceeeeseeeseeeeneeeaes D 2 Unit CONVETSION eii tant F 1 Units Measurement ecic rse aer e A Ar Ea Aerer iak 5 4 Unpacking 22 eer n eth ait E Sint ee 1 11 User COME EE 5 9 Vv Vertical structure Offset ooooncnccccnccnoninininncccncnnoninananes 2 6 6 2 6
47. 6 27 Data Manager Main Menu 7 5 Manage a Project Men 7 6 Connect PDA to PC Prompt s es 7 8 View a Project Display oooooncnnnnnnocinoccnoncnonccnnaconacns 7 8 Project Data Spreadsheet AA 7 10 Print Active Project Men 7 11 Gauge Constants Display cece ceeceseeeeeeeeeeeees 7 13 Project Setup Display oocconccnnnninnninoccnoncnoncconaconacnno 7 14 Standard Counts Display oooncccnnoconicoconocaconanacancnonns 7 14 Project Status Display 7 16 Source Decay Display 7 16 Stat Test Display oonnnorvnroonnornnonennovrnovenvvrnnrennnsenne 7 18 Drift Test Display r ionit e iaieiiea 7 18 Recover Project Menu ssec 7 19 Connect Gauge to PC Prompt cece eeeeeeeeeeeeees 7 20 Diagram of an Atom serernrnronnrnvennnnerrrvsrnrseennnneerseeenr A 2 Effect of Distance on Exposure s src A 7 Cleaning the Sliding and Fixed Blocks A 12 Model 3451 Gauge and Transport Case A 18 AXTROXLER LIST OF FIGURES Continued Figure Title Page C 1 Diagnostics Men C 3 C2 Stat Test MENU uereg AE C 3 C 3 View Stat Counts sia aida CA CA Stat TestRESUItS 5 seccsccccces oa tl CA C 5 Review Stat Testissussst dt Ree ce CA C 6 Dritt Test Menu main ddr C 6 C 7 View Drift Count aens eraan naskar C 7 C 8 Dritt Test Results C 7 C 9 Review Drift TeSt aeaee eonia C 7 C 10 Replacing NiMH Battery Pack or Fuse C 25 D 1 Type A Package Testing Results D4 Model 3451 xiii Table 1 1 xiv LIST OF TABLES Tit
48. 7 To view a special calibration press the calibration file name twice The PDA displays an information block showing the file name index rod depth and B 000 value Press Ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu Erase a Special Calibration To erase a special calibration press the Erase button on the Special Calibration Menu see Figure 6 13 The PDA displays the Special File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 17 To erase a special calibration press the file name twice The PDA displays the prompt shown in Figure 6 18 Model 3451 6 17 Aig special File Selector d 2 56 EF Special File Selector sf 2 58 Information Special Cal 2 Special Cal 1 You have indicated that you wish to erase PERMANENTLY the special calibration file named Special Cal 1 Click OK to confirm that you wish to erase this file abort Menu E Menu Ej Figure 6 17 Special Figure 6 18 Special File Selector Calibration Erase Prompt Press OK to erase the special calibration file The PDA displays Special calibration XXX has been erased Press ok to continue gt If the erased project was not previously active the PDA returns to the Special Calibration Menu gt If the erased project was previously active the PDA displays The special calibration named XXX at index rod position X has been erased Press ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu gt Press Cancel to exit without erasing the special calibration f
49. AND TARGET MENUS Model 3451 Vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Continued CHAPTER 6 ADJUSTING MEASUREMENTS Calibration Olea 6 2 Special Calibration 2 SEENEN sees eparacancedeseeecoartcedecseds 6 14 CHAPTER 7 USING DATA MANAGER Introduction dormia 7 3 System Requirements issoro niei eiai 74 Starting the Data Manager Program 7 5 Manage Project Data utan dat 7 6 View Project Confteurapon 7 11 Recover Projects ids hd Ate ie 7 19 APPENDIX A RADIATION THEORY AND SAFETY Radiation THE A O AT A 2 Radiation Safety sist nc a A 5 Regulatory Requirements ccceeccessseceeneeceeeeeeeeceeeeceeaeeeeaees A 14 Gauge Use Drecaugons nono nono nocnnonnnacnno A 17 3451 Radiation Profile vue kastet eege ed dei A 18 APPENDIX B 3451 SPECIFICATIONS Measurement Specfteattong B 2 Radiological Specifications 0 eee eeesssecseceseceeceeceseeeseeeeneeenes B 5 Electrical Sp cification Shisni eeens eVe i a B 6 Mechanical Specfcapons nono ncconanncnnnos B 7 APPENDIX C TROUBLESHOOTING AND SERVICE Diagnostics Men vinil C 2 Troubleshooting oain ed ageet E Age ibid C 9 IS C 24 Replacing Fuses cccsi rca C 26 Mechanical Mamtenance nono nono nccnnacnnacnns C 27 Replacement Parts iii decida C 29 Returning the Gauge for Service ooconccnnnnnncnnnonononcnoncnoncconocanacnno C 32 viii TROYLER TABLE OF CONTENTS Continued APPENDIX D TRANSPORTATION AND SHIPPING U S Shipping Requirement eee eeeeseeeseeeneeesseces
50. C 9 9 D le Cc GA FE m Ka I Q O z o PDA CANNOT COMMUNICATE WITH THE GAUGE S amp S Gauge is not turned on PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Check that the PDA is the one shipped with the gauge Before leaving the Troxler factory the transceivers on the gauge and PDA are programmed with a unique matching address The PDA can only communicate with the matching gauge Verify the PDA s Bluetooth communications configuration as described on page 3 14 Verify the PDA s ActiveSync configuration as described on page 3 13 NO DENSITY READINGS d The most likely reason for no density readings is an electronic problem such as a failure of the detector preamplifier However there is a remote possibility that the radioactive source could have become dislodged or lost Refer to the Source Rod Inspection section on page A 9 for instructions on inspecting the source rod GAUGE FAILS STANDARD COUNTS Y Ensure the source rod opening on the bottom of the gauge is completely closed or covered by the tungsten sliding block If any opening is visible the sliding block should be cleaned Refer to page A 11 for instructions If the sliding block still does not close completely contact the nearest Troxler Service Center Ensure that the standard count site is asphalt concrete or compacted soil at least 4 in 10 cm thick Check for 10 ft 3 m c
51. E To locate an independent Troxler authorized service partner near you call 1 877 TROXLER 1 877 876 9537 Model 3451 iii HOW TO USE THIS MANUAL Congratulations on the purchase of the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus Troxler continues the proven technology of its 3400 Series surface moisture density gauges with the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus The Model 3451 Manual of Operation and Instruction contains information on safely using this gauge Also included in this manual are safety warnings gauge setup troubleshooting and general maintenance iv AXTROXLER CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL Throughout this manual symbols and special formatting are used to reveal the purpose of the text as follows WARNING Indicates conditions or procedures that if not followed correctly may cause personal injury CAUTION Indicates conditions or procedures that if not followed correctly may cause equipment damage NOTE Indicates important information that must be read to ensure proper operation Button Display Model 3451 Angle brackets and a different typestyle indicate a button or character number or letter to press on the handheld personal digital assistant PDA or on the keyboard of a personal computer PC when using the Data Manager software provided with the gauge For example Press Start means to press the button labeled Start A different typestyle is used in
52. ENSITY To create a thin layer special calibration press the New button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu The PDA asks How many thin layer measurements do you wish to make 3 20 Enter the desired number of measurements and press Ok NOTE When taking counts on thin layer asphalt Troxler recommends averaging large numbers of readings over the same material to ensure results that are more accurate Use at least ten 10 gauge readings before cutting cores Model 3451 6 21 The PDA displays The current top layer thickness setting in the gauge is X inches Do you wish to use this value for the upcoming readings gt To accept the displayed top layer thickness press Yes gt To enter a different value for the top layer thickness press NO The PDA requests the new top layer thickness value as shown in Figure 6 22 Enter the top layer thickness and press Ok The PDA displays Place the gauge on measurement site 1 place the source rod in BS position and click OK Prepare the test site as described on page 4 9 Place the gauge on the test site Lower the source rod to the backscatter position Release the trigger and lock the source rod into position You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position Press OK to begin the measurement When the measurement is complete the PDA prompts the operator to move the gauge to the next measurement site for the next reading EF Input top layer thickne 3
53. I U i concrete but no other physical damage to the package i U i U U U U U U U I I I I I U I I U I U I I I I I U I U I U I U 1 1 I I I I I I I U I I U U i i I U I U U U I U I U i U U U I U U U U U U U I U I I U I I I I U U I U U i i U I U I U U i i U I U I was observed Penetration The package was placed on a non yielding surface A 1 1 4 inch diameter 13 pound steel cylinder with a hemispherical end was dropped in the vertical position from a height of 40 inches onto the package to a point to cause maximum damage to the package Results No physical damage to the package was observed Compression Package was placed on a non yielding surface and subjected to a compressive load of at least 13 kilopascals multiplied by the vertically projected area of the package in square feet for 24 continuous hours Results No physical damage to the package was observed Weight of package as tested 96 pounds Date test completed July 1996 Figure D 1 Type A Package Testing Results Appendix D 4 AXTROXLER CANADIAN SHIPPING REQUIREMENTS The Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations TDG and Transport Packaging of Radioactive Materials Regulations TPRM apply any time a nuclear device used in commerce is transported by any means in Canada For training and accident notification requirements consult the Transportation Of Dangerous Goods Regulations For further inform
54. MH battery pack PN 110374 d Turn the gauge off Y Using a 9 64 inch Allen wrench remove the six screws that hold the top shell to the gauge base Y Clean the screws and set them aside d Carefully remove the gauge top shell and slide it up out of the way To keep it out of the way tie the top shell to the handle Y Unplug the battery cable from the battery connection on the top circuit board see Figure C 10 Gently squeeze the connector to disconnect Remove the two battery cover screws and set them aside Open the battery cover and remove the old NiMH battery pack Slide a new NiMH battery pack into the gauge 9 D le Cc GA FE m Ka I Q O Z o Close the battery cover and replace the two screws SE amp amp ROA Plug the battery cable into the battery connection on the top circuit board Y Re assemble the gauge top shell BATTERY COVER BATTERY SCREWS 2 COVER BATTERY CONNECTION BATTERY CABLE Figure C 10 Replacing NiMH Battery Pack or Fuse Model 3451 Appendix C 25 REPLACING FUSE The Model 3451 contains an internal 3 4 A 2AG slow blow fuse PN 016233 If the gauge will not power up this fuse may be blown To replace the fuse d N Turn the gauge off Using a 9 64 inch Allen wrench remove the six screws that hold the top shell to the gauge base Clean the screws and set them aside Carefully remove the gauge top shell and slide it up out of the
55. Manual of Operation and Instruction Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus Surface Moisture Density Gauge NOTE The Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus is equipped with a global positioning system GPS receiver If the gauge is moved a long distance between uses the GPS system must be allowed to initialize In some instances initialization may take as long as 30 to 45 minutes from the time the gauge is powered on with the GPS enabled Note also that the gauge must be positioned such that the GPS receiver can receive signals from the GPS satellites see page 1 5 for more information If the GPS does not initialize within 45 minutes contact your Troxler representative TROXLER ing Equip Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc 3008 Cornwallis Rd e P O Box 12057 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 U S A Phone 1 877 TROXLER Outside the USA 1 919 549 8661 Fax 1 919 549 0761 www troxlerlabs com Troxler gauges are protected by U S and foreign patents Copyright 2004 2009 Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc All Rights Reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording or information storage and retrieval systems for any purpose without the express written permission of Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc Bluetooth is a registered trademark of the Bluetooth Special Interest Group SIG Federal E
56. Model 3451 Appendix C 29 ACCESSORIES PART DESCRIPTION 110422 3451 3451 Shipping Case Carton Assembly 100421 Forged Drill Rod 107795 Scraper Plate Weldment 103680 1000 Extraction Tool 107830 Reference Standard Block Assembly 110403 AC Charger 12 V CE for gauge only 104156 DC Charger for gauge only 110399 3451 User Manual 110423 Data Manager Software on CD ROM 110708 Cable 9 Pin D Sub M F Used to connect gauge to computer 110692 Cable Auto Adapter for PDA only 110693 Cable Assembly Serial 4 ft Used to connect PDA to computer 110691 Universal AC Adapter for PDA only Requires PN 110690 AC Power Cord 110690 AC Power Cord 110390 2000 PDA Software Package GAUGE OPTIONS PART DESCRIPTION 107480 3451 Concrete Adapter 021140 Radiation Sign Kit 102868 3880 Leak Test Kit w 4 Packets 102873 1 oz Solution Detergent 102876 0005 Leak Test Packet 4 units 109661 Survey Meter 105817 Kit Emergency Response Appendix C 30 LAT PDA OPTIONS 9 J le GA E m wn I Q O z o PART DESCRIPTION 110707 PDA Dock Station including 110695 Single Dock USB Ethernet 110696 AC Adapter for Dock Station Requires PN 110690 AC Power Cord 110690 AC Power Cord 110697 USB Communications Cable 110709 PDA Battery Pack Charger Kit 110705 PDA Battery Pack Lithium Ion Spare 110706 Holster with Belt for 700 Series Mobile Computer MAINTENANCE SUPPLIES PART 012784 012786
57. NG Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations NOTE To preserve battery life the gauge shuts down automatically after five hours of inactivity gt 2 z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 21 NOTES 422 TROXLER CHAPTER 5 SETUP AND TARGET MENUS Gell Ve u c U go gt D Si 1 m Z eg 0 The RoadReader Plus software includes a Gauge Setup menu which allows the operator to manually set or change operating parameters usually configured when setting up a project file This chapter describes these parameters as well as the use of target values CONTENTS Gauge Setup Menu unio excels 5 2 VIEW SELUP rende etnia 53 LE EE 54 Moderne dark seere 5 5 Count PIE eistes Age Seege Eege dci 5 6 Customer Name CERN ENEE idet 5 7 W Ser EE 5 9 IR ge E 5 10 Leak Pest beaten raserte 5 11 Farget cost id a Ai 5 14 Entera Target Valle ue ENEE DEENEN EEN 5 16 View a Target Valu cuina aaah 5 17 Brase a Target Y allein eve Aes 5 17 Enable a Target Valte cn cicciieisritinesnocctritasersriicteigie 5 18 Disable the Target Value oeeneeeeseeeeereseeeresrreserrrssresreses 5 18 Model 3451 5 1 GAUGE SETUP MENU The Model 3451 software groups all the setup features in the Gauge Setup menu To access the Gauge Setup menu press th
58. Surface Moisture Density Gauge 2004 Ulrich J Lux Technician Troxler Electronics GmbH Wholly Owned Subsidiary Gilchinger Strasse 33 D 82239 Alling nr Munich Germany Telephone 011 49 81 41 71063 FAX 011 49 81 41 80731 A TROXLER AN SAFETY WARNINGS Owners are encouraged to require study of this manual before allowing anyone to use the gauge A potential hazard does exist if improperly used The sections of the manual covering radiological safety should be required reading for all users and potential users If these sections are not completely understood users should seek assistance from Troxler an appointed Troxler representative or others designated within the user s organization The following list of safety warnings applies to gauges with the CE mark and that are to be used in European countries In addition to these safety warnings all other safety warnings and cautions throughout this manual apply to gauges with the CE mark There are no user serviceable parts only qualified service personnel should remove shields or covers to attempt repairs o m J Oo y m gt Z c D m p 7 Do not remove any shields or covers A high voltage hazard is located under the baseboard cover The dc adapter shall be used on properly fused vehicle cigarette lighters only European countries shall use a proper IEC input cord to the European charger specified by local laws and practices Do not thr
59. TROXLER will facilitate warranty service to the original equipment manufacturer on behalf of the customer effective from the date of shipment Refer to the original equipment manufacturer s warranty provided with the Pocket PC PDA for the specific terms and conditions For gauges sold through authorized TROXLER representatives the date of shipment will be as of the transfer from representative to purchaser During the applicable warranty period TROXLER s obligation under this warranty shall be limited exclusively to the repair at no charge except for shipping to and from TROXLER S plant of any instrument which may prove defective under normal use and which TROXLER s examination shall disclose to its satisfaction to be thus defective Normal use is defined for the purpose of this warranty as operation under normal load usage and conditions with proper care and maintenance and competent supervision In no event shall TROXLER be held liable for damages delays or losses consequential incidental or otherwise attributable to the failure of this instrument or radioactive material contained therein TROXLER s liability being specifically limited to repair as stated hereinabove This warranty is automatically initiated except where modified by contractual or other written and signed agreement THERE ARE NO WARRANTIES WHICH EXTEND BEYOND THE DESCRIPTION ON THE FACE HEREOF AND THIS WARRANTY IS EXPRESSLY IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR
60. a click as the sliding block snaps shut when the source rod is raised to the SAFE position A WARNING Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations d Ifaradiation survey instrument is available verify that the radioactive gamma source is in place by measuring the exposure rate at the surface of the gauge The exposure rate should be approximately 10 20 mrem per hour A reading of about 1 mrem or less indicates either that the survey instrument is not working properly or that the cesium 137 source may be missing Refer to the Troubleshooting section on page C 9 for further instructions Appendix A 10 TROYLER CLEANING THE TUNGSTEN BLOCKS If the tungsten sliding block and the fixed tungsten block are not kept clean the sliding block may stick partially or completely open when the source rod is raised to the SAFE shielded position This will result in high radiation levels near or in line with the source rod opening on the bottom of the gauge After cleaning and reassembling the gauge as described below check the operation of the sliding block by pushing the source rod into the backscatter position then returning it to the SAFE position You should hear a click as the sliding block snaps shut Inspect the opening on the base of the gauge to confirm that the sliding block is closed If
61. al calibration was created No special calibration selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a special calibration but does not select one No specific gravity value exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a specific gravity value but there is not one available Possible causes Y The specific gravity value has been deleted Y No specific gravity values were created No specific gravity value selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a specific gravity value but does not select one No thin lift calibration exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a thin layer special calibration but there is not one available Possible causes v The special calibration has been deleted d No special calibration was created No thin lift calibration selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a thin layer special calibration but does not select one No True Density values entered This error can occur if the true density value was entered incorrectly while trying to calculate a thin layer special calibration Appendix C 20 TROYL en No voidless density value exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a voidless density value but there is not one available Possible causes d The voidless density value has been del
62. all the new O ring in the groove on the base Replace the top shell and tighten the top shell screws Appendix C 28 TROYL en REPLACEMENT PARTS o gt PART DESCRIPTION le 107849 O Ring Gauge Base 007145 O Ring Auxiliary Panel am 107846 Gasket Beeper o 107233 Grommet Tower Index Rod 3 110361 3451 Topshell 9 110362 Assembly I O Baseboard Cable gt 107847 Base Plate Assembly o 107276 3451 Bottom Plate 012754 Ring Scraper for Bottom Plate 012753 Ring Retaining for Scraper Ring 013200 Fitting 3 16 Grease w Serrated Shank 107493 3451 Sliding Block 107494 Fixed Tungsten Block 102069 1000 2400 3400 Wiper Cap 012752 Seal Wiper 012759 Seal Oil 5 8 inch ID 102399 Shield Spring 3400 108866 Source Rod Bearing 012176 Lock w 2 Keys Handle 107835 Handle Assembly 104305 Handle Sleeve 108865 Trigger 012225 Spring For Trigger 102096 3400 Cap Screw 102103 Cap Screw Bumper 104553 Plunger 3400 101603 1010 Roll Pin 3 32 D x 5 8 L Index Rod Top 110374 Assembly 3451 NiMH Battery 100156 5 8 inch Tube GM Detector 105062 3 4 inch GM Tube Detector 104094 0001 900 V de Moisture Tube Assembly 108863 Bioshield w Bearing 016233 Fuse 3 4 A 2AG Slow Blow 015203 Beeper 004360 Switch Pushbutton 110384 Antenna Gasket 110687 Intermec 700 Series Mobile Computer PDA 110689 Kit PDA Stylus with Tether 110688 Secure Digital Card 32 MB 110694 Cordless Serial Adapter with Bluetooth Wireless Technology
63. alt or hardened concrete layers of 4 inches or greater Thin Layer Mode For density determinations in asphalt layers of less than 4 inches ATROXLER e Calibration offsets wet density moisture and trench and special calibrations soil and thin layer to expand measurement possibilities and to enhance gauge readings on materials that may fall outside the range of factory calibration Over 30 functions to facilitate all phases of testing compaction on construction materials mb 4 D O U CH O Z To preserve battery life the gauge shuts down automatically after five hours of inactivity The Model 3451 meets or exceeds all applicable American Society of Testing and Materials ASTM standards or corresponding equivalent including ASTM D 2950 Standard Test Method for Density of Bituminous Concrete in Place by Nuclear Method ASTM D 6938 Standard Test Methods for In Place Density and Water Content of Soil and Soil Aggregate by Nuclear Methods Shallow Depth NOTE As of November 2006 ASTM D 6938 replaced ASTM D 2922 Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Soil Aggregate in Place by Nuclear Methods Shallow Depth and ASTM D 3017 Standard Test Method for Water Content of Soil and Rock in Place by Nuclear Methods Shallow Depth Any licensing issues discussed in this manual are for the United States To purchase a Model 3451 in Canada owners must obtain a radioisotope license from th
64. ame plane Shielding between the source and detectors greatly reduces the number of photons reaching the detectors in a direct path from the source Thus the photons from the Cs 137 source must travel into the test material and scatter or reflect at least once to reach the G M detectors The detectors in the gauge base count these scattered photons For thin layer readings the gauge uses two sets of G M detectors Refer to the Thin Layer section on page 2 5 2 2 AXTROXLER MOISTURE The Model 3451 uses the principle of neutron thermalization to monitor the moisture content of a material The gauge includes an americium 241 beryllium Am 241 Be source that is fixed in the gauge s base Fast neutrons emitted by the Am 241 Be source pass into the test material Multiple collisions between the fast neutrons and a similarly sized mass such as the nuclei of hydrogen atoms cause the neutrons to slow to the point where further collisions with hydrogen or other materials will not continue to reduce the neutron energy further These neutrons are said to have been thermalized The 3451 gauge contains a helium 3 detector that is sensitive only to thermalized or slow neutrons As a result the moisture counts relate directly to the amount of hydrogen in the material Using the gauge calibration the gauge software converts the helium 3 detector counts to a moisture content Note that the helium 3 detector is in the same plane as the Am 241 B
65. are displays the active setup as shown in Figure 7 10 SOURCE DECAY As described earlier the strength of radioactive material is measured by its activity or rate of decay This activity decreases with time The Data Manager allows the operator to view how the decrease in the radiation intensity of the source affects gauge measurements To view source decay information press the Source Decay button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager software displays the actual standard count the predicted standard count and the difference between the counts see Figure 7 11 The gauge calculates the predicted standard count by correcting the calibration standard count for source decay For more information on source decay refer to page 3 27 N D gt gt gt gt Q m Model 3451 7 15 Print Active Project Menu x S W Version PC 1 02 Just S N 3 Configuration Constants Type 12 1 Count Time 15 seconds Project Setup Resch Units pcf Mode Thin Layer Source Decay Depth Automatic STAT Test Drift Test Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 10 Project Status Display A Print Active Project Menu x System 1 Density Counts Download Gauge Density Std 8092 Configuration Constants Predicted Density Std 8058 Percent Difference 0 4219 Sided Project Setup Mb System 2 Density Counts
66. asurement Refer to page 3 19 for instructions on creating and enabling projects 4 10 TROXLER NOTE During a measurement if communications between the PDA and gauge are interrupted the PDA displays the warning Please move closer to the gauge Move the PDA to within 1 5 m 5 ft of the gauge and press ok SOIL MODE To measure the moisture and density of soil soil stone aggregate and similar materials follow the steps below d d Prepare the test site as described on page 4 7 Place the gauge on the test area Insert the source rod into the hole made by the drill rod or source rod adapter Use care when inserting the source rod Try not to disturb the soil around the hole Lower the source rod to the measurement depth Release the trigger Gently push down on the handle over the source rod to lock the source rod into position You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position Gently slide the gauge to the right towards the Troxler logo so the source rod makes contact with the wall of the hole Press the Take a Reading button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 gt Inthe Manual depth mode see page 5 10 the PDA prompts for the source rod depth Enter the source rod depth and press the Ok button gt Inthe Automatic depth mode the gauge software reads the source rod depth strip to determine the source rod depth Note that the Proctor value is based on soil particles
67. asurement around a core the gauge may be moved a few inches away from the core to level it gt 2 z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 9 TAKING MEASUREMENTS AN NOTE When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE shielded position For added operator safety the source rod automatically retracts to the SAFE position when the gauge is lifted by the handle If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block the sliding block and fixed tungsten block may require cleaning Refer to page A 11 for cleaning instructions A WARNING Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations The Gauge Status Menu see page 3 24 allows the operator to view the current gauge status This feature provides a quick overview of all enabled functions mode of operation enabled offsets displayed units etc Check the gauge s current status before taking measurements To change any of the gauge parameters refer to Chapter 5 NOTE Always take a standard count each day the gauge is to be used see page 4 2 NOTE A project must be enabled before taking a me
68. ate of Competent Authority for each source in the gauge Special Form Certificate must be kept on file Current versions can be downloaded from the Troxler website www troxlerlabs com A copy of the results of the Type A package testing must be kept on file e Hazmat employee training records must be kept on file An Emergency Response Information document must be in the vehicle and immediately accessible to the driver A properly completed bill of lading must be in the vehicle and immediately accessible to the driver The shipping papers must include a 24 hr emergency response phone number Ifshipping by air a Shipper s Declaration for Dangerous Goods must accompany the air waybill The package must be properly marked and labeled in accordance with hazmat regulations The package must have a tamper evident seal The package must be inspected prior to each shipment The package must be securely blocked and braced in the vehicle to prevent shifting during transport Appendix D 2 TROYLER ACCIDENT NOTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS In the event of a reportable incident involving radioactive material notify the licensing agency as soon as practical The operator is also required to notify at the earliest practical moment the U S DOT at 1 800 424 8802 of an accident that occurs during the course of transportation including loading unloading and temporary storage in which fire breakage spillage or suspected con
69. ater than 20 characters long d No name was entered No marshall value exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a Marshall value but there is not one available 9 D le Cc GA E m Ka I Q O z o Possible causes v The Marshall value has been deleted Y No Marshall values were created No marshall value selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a Marshall value but does not select one No proctor values exist This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a proctor value but there is not one available Possible causes v The proctor value has been deleted Y No proctor values were created No proctor value selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a proctor value but does not select one No project exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a project but there is not one available Possible causes Y The project has been deleted Y No projects were created No project selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a project but does not select one Model 3451 Appendix C 19 No special calibration exists This error can occur if the operator attempts to activate a special calibration but there is not one available Possible causes Y The special calibration has been deleted d No speci
70. ation on transporting a nuclear device contact the transportation section of The Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission CNSC zi Ka gt Z Ka v O Ka tr gt O Z Model 3451 Appendix D 5 NOTES Appendix D 6 A TROXLER APPENDIX E STANDARD COUNT LOG Use the form in this appendix as a guide when recording the daily standard counts To verify gauge stability compare the daily standard count to the average of the last four recorded standard counts m Kr gt Z EI gt a U Q Q Z E Q 0 Model 3451 Appendix E 1 STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Appendix E 2 A TROYLER STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Model 3451 Appendix E 3 m Kr gt Z EI gt a U Q Q Z i E Q 0 STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Appendix E 4 A TROYLER STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Model 3451 Appendix E 5 m Kr gt Z EI gt a U Q Q Z i E Q 0 STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Appendix E 6 A TROYLER STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Mod
71. be denoted as GPS fix Ifthe GPS receiver cannot determine a location the latitude and longitude will be denoted as 0 NOTE The Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS is currently functional only in the United States NOTE If the gauge is moved a long distance between uses the GPS system must be allowed to initialize In some instances initialization may take as long as 30 to 45 minutes from the time the gauge is powered on with the GPS enabled Note also that the gauge must be positioned such that the GPS receiver can receive signals from the GPS satellites as described above If the GPS does not initialize within 45 minutes contact your Troxler representative 1 6 AXTROXLER Table 1 1 GPS Position Accuracy Quality of GPS Data Fix Quality GPS reading Within 3 m with WAAS 10 ft POPS mb D e U CH O Z GPS reading Within 15 m without WAAS 50 ft CES Latitude and longitude NO GES reading displayed as 0 Model 3451 1 7 GAUGE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES Figure 1 1 shows the gauge and its accessories 1 10 The Gauge is the portable instrument containing electronic modules a cordless serial adapter with Bluetooth wireless technology a rechargeable battery pack detectors and the radioactive sources The Intermec 700 Series Color Mobile Computer or PDA provides the operator interface with the gauge Included with the PDA are a stylus a rechargeable battery pack a serial
72. cable a dc adapter used to charge the PDA from an automobile cigarette lighter a universal ac adapter and ac power cord used to charge the PDA from an ac outlet a Quick Start Guide and a Pocket PC Companion CD containing Microsoft ActiveSync software The Transport Case for the Model 3451 is a Type A package Always use a Type A package to ship the Model 3451 The Reference Standard Block provides a measurement standard for standard counts It is also used during stability and drift tests The Scraper Plate Drill Rod Guide is used to prepare the test site and to guide the drill rod when preparing the source rod hole for direct transmission measurements The Drill Rod is used to drill holes for direct transmission measurements Do not use the gauge source rod to drill holes The Extraction Tool provides leverage to remove the drill rod from soil materials The Model 3451 Manual of Operation and Instruction details how to use the gauge Both the manual and the Transportation Guide discuss radiation safety and gauge shipping concerns The AC Charger and DC Adapter are used to charge the gauge batteries The ac charger accepts 110 220 and European optional V ac 50 60 Hz and supplies 12 V dc The dc adapter allows recharging from an automobile cigarette lighter The Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP software includes tools for retrieving and managing project data from the PDA or gauge This software is provided on CD ROM
73. causes d Name was greater than 20 characters long Y No name was entered Value must be 1 to 20 This error can occur if the operator enters a value less than 1 or greater than 20 while manually entering the number of thin layer averages to take Warning Calibration is due Last calibration 3 1 2003 Calibration due warning message Warning Leak test is due Last leak test 3 1 2003 Leak test warning message Model 3451 Appendix C 23 9 D le GA E m Ka I Q O z o BATTERIES The Model 3451 is equipped with one set of rechargeable nickel metal hydride NiMH batteries pack of five C batteries Under standard conditions fully charged NiMH batteries can power the gauge for approximately 24 hours of actual use When the NiMH batteries drop below 5 5 V the gauge shuts off Troxler recommends that the operator recharge the NiMH batteries The NiMH batteries can be fully recharged in only 2 5 hours CHARGING To charge the NiMH batteries plug the charger into the round jack on the back of the gauge Plug the other end of the ac charger into a standard 100 240 V ac outlet The dc adapter may be connected to any 12 14 V dc source such as a vehicle s cigarette lighter To ensure a full charge charge the batteries for four hours After recharging the batteries unplug the charger from both the wall outlet and the gauge Store the charger for later use REPLACING THE BATTERIES To replace the Ni
74. ct notes to be stored with the measurement results gt To continue without entering project notes press No gt To add project notes press Yes The PDA displays the Project Notes screen shown in Figure 4 7 on page 4 12 Enter the desired notes and press Ok Troxler recommends that the information entered as project notes does not exceed 40 characters v The PDA displays the results of the count see Figure 4 12 Note that the Fix Quality is displayed as GPS fix This indicates that the gauge s GPS receiver was able to determine a GPS location but the Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS was not available For more information on GPS accuracy refer to page 1 5 Press the ok button to continue z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 19 EF 3451 RoadReader Plu 10 19 J 3451 RoadReader Plu 4 10 22 FREE Information ok dl add Averaged Count Results Count Results 2 7 05 10 21 32 AM 2 7 05 10 19 18 AM Marshall Reading 1 out of 4 Target Marshall Latitude O Density 271 6 pcf Longitude O Voids Fix Quality GPS fix Target Voids Density 271 6 pcf a E DC1 Average 8184 DC1 8184 DC2 Average 1928 DC2 1928 DS1 8127 Ds2 2019 MS 1134 d GPS Enabled Exit GPS Enabled Please make a selection Please make a selection File Help Ej File Help Ej Figure 4 12 Individual Count Figure 4 13 Averaged Count Results Thin Layer Mode Results Thin Layer Mod
75. dard counts It displays the actual standard count the predicted standard count and the difference between the two counts The gauge calculates the predicted standard count by adjusting the calibration standard count for source decay To access the Source Decay Menu press the Source Decay button on the Gauge Status Menu see Figure 3 18 Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Status Menu fig source Decay Menu 11 15 Current D1 Std 8127 Predict D1 Std 8097 0 3705 Current D2 Std 2019 Predict D2 Std 2012 0 3479 o Q m sl z Q Ku gt Ka par m D Current M Std 1134 Predict M Std 1134 0 0000 Press Done to continue Menu Help E Figure 3 21 Source Decay Menu Model 3451 3 27 GPS LOCATION To view the gauge s current GPS location press the GPS Location button on the Gauge Status Menu see Figure 3 18 The PDA queries the gauge to take a GPS reading and displays the message Collecting GPS Data Upon completion the PDA displays the gauge s GPS location as shown in Figure 3 22 Press OK to return to the Gauge Status Menu RoadReaderPlus Latitude 35 55 14 39 Longitude 078 52 38 08 Fix Quality DGPS Fix Figure 3 22 GPS Location Display 3 28 A TROYLER CHAPTER 4 USING THE GAUGE This chapter explains the basic use of the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus Basic use includes taking the daily standard count preparing measurement sites
76. de is selected Possible causes PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Source rod not in the SAFE position Gauge has lost its depth strip calibration Gauge has turned itself off Kaas The index rod cannot be in safe position to take this measurement This error can occur when taking a reading or other special features Possible causes d Source rod is in the SAFE position d Depth strip is not being read correctly Y Gauge has lost its depth strip calibration Y Gauge is turned off The index rod must be in Backscatter position to take this measurement This error can occur when taking a thin layer reading Possible causes Y Source rod is NOT in the Backscatter position Y Depth strip is not being read correctly d Gauge has lost its depth strip calibration d Gauge is turned off There is currently not a moisture offset enabled This error can occur if the operator attempts to disable a moisture offset but no offset is enabled There is currently no special thin lift calibration enabled This error can occur if the operator attempts to disable a special calibration but no special calibration is enabled at the specified depth Appendix C 22 TROYLER Thin lift calibration name must be 20 chars or less This error can occur when the operator is prompted for a thin layer special calibration name while performing a thin layer special calibration Possible
77. djust gauge readings using offsets and how to create a special calibration gt e 7 d CONTENTS J Ro Calibration Offset ennnen eiee eee aE a i Q Wet Density EIERE geheie ee out Lea ne eee G Moisture Olleria a vitset FS Trench Offset nnana A el 6 12 a Special Calibrathon nio enoe anent ee eaea 6 14 Soil Special Calibranon eee eseeseeseecneecsseceeceeeeseeees 6 14 Thin Layer Special Calibration conconnninnnnnncnnoccnoncnoncconanns 6 20 Model 3451 6 1 CALIBRATION OFFSET Troxler calibrates the Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus at the factory for use on soils asphalt and concrete This factory calibration covers an approximate density range of 1100 to 2700 kg m 70 to 170 pcf If the gauge is to be used on materials not covered by the original calibration the operator can adjust the gauge using an offset The 3451 gauge provides three offsets wet density moisture and trench Perform a wet density offset if the test material is outside the range of material composition and or texture used during factory calibration Perform a moisture offset if the test material contains hydrogen in forms other than water or is high in neutron absorbers Examples of materials rich in hydrogen are Portland cement concrete gypsum coal or lime The moisture offset for soils containing these materials is a negative value If the material is high in neutron absorbing material such as boron cadmium or chlorine then the
78. e Y Reposition the gauge as prompted by the PDA and repeat the above procedure at each position v After the final count is completed the gauge collects the count information and GPS data and then transmits this data to the PDA Y The PDA displays the averaged measurement results as shown in Figure 4 13 Press the ok button to continue NOTE If the gauge is unable to obtain GPS data after taking a count it will still send the count results to the PDA and the results will be stored in the active project 4 20 A TROYLER d The PDA stores the measurement results in the active project then displays the confirmation message Thin lift results stored in project XXX where XXX is the active project name Press the Ok button to continue Y The PDA then stores the project data in the gauge Upon completion the PDA displays Project storage to gauge complete Press the Ok button to return to the main menu d Lift the gauge from the test site by the source rod handle This returns the source rod to the SAFE shielded position When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE position If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block the sliding block may require cleaning Refer to page A 11 for cleaning instructions A WARNI
79. e Done button The PDA displays the question Do you want to change name Press the OK button to continue to the Enter Customer Name Menu shown in Figure 5 8 Model 3451 5 7 EF Enter Code Menu 10 43 EF Enter Customer Name gd 10 44 Enter Code Customer Name El Done A Abort WW oone WW Abort _ Press Done to continue Press Done to continue eH Sr Figure 5 7 Enter Code Menu Figure 5 8 Enter Customer Name Menu The customer name currently stored in the gauge memory is displayed To change the name use the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided with the PDA Enter the new name and press the Done button The PDA stores the new customer name and returns to the Gauge Setup menu 5 8 A TROYLER USER CODE The User Code function enables the operator to change the code used to access certain gauge functions The code can be any numeric value from 1 to 9999 When shipped the access user code is set to the value shown on page xv To change the code press the User Code button on the Gauge Setup menu The PDA requests the current user code as shown in Figure 5 7 on page 5 8 Enter the access code using the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions and press the Done button For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided wit
80. e Gauge Settings button on the main menu see Figure 3 11 on page 3 18 The PDA displays the Change Settings menu shown in Figure 5 1 Press the Gauge Setup button to display the Gauge Setup menu shown in Figure 5 2 To select a menu option press the button that corresponds to the option Press the Done button to return to the main menu The following sections describe the setup options NOTE Most of the setup options described in the following sections are configured by the setup wizard during the creation of a new project see page 3 19 If the operator later changes any of the gauge settings using the Gauge Setup menu those changes will be saved in the active project file EF Gauge Setup Lois ro Y ire EF Change Settings d 11 51 Special Calibration Gauge Setup Gauge Offsets Please make a selection Menu Ej Menu Ej Figure 5 1 Change Figure 5 2 Gauge Settings Menu Setup Menu 5 2 A TROYLER VIEW SETUP To view the current gauge setup press the View Setup button The PDA displays the View Setup screen see Figure 5 3 which shows the software version gauge serial number source rod type charger and battery status count time measurement units measurement mode and depth mode To scroll through the display press the scroll bar using the stylus Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Setup menu a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt ba G Y m Z Cc Wu EY view Setup Press Done to
81. e Press Ok to return to the Depth Indicator Menu Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Setup menu 7 pepth Indicator Menu 10 47 Depth Indicator Status Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 5 10 Depth Indicator Menu 5 10 TROYLER LEAK TEST To ensure the integrity of the radioactive source encapsulation the Model 3451 must be periodically leak tested For instructions on performing the leak test see page A 13 The gauge uses the leak test interval and leak test date values to determine when a leak test is due To change these values press the Leak Test button on the Gauge Setup menu see page 5 2 The PDA displays the Leak Test Menu shown in Figure 5 11 a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt ba G Y m Z Cc Wa NOTE The Leak Test function does not replace the leak test analysis records that must be maintained for review by your licensing agency EF Leak Test Menu sf 10 48 Leak Test Date Leak Test Interval Please make a selection Menu E Figure 5 11 Leak Test Menu Model 3451 5 11 Leak Test Interval By default the leak test interval is set to six months 183 days In countries outside of the United States the time required between leak tests may vary from six months to three years Check local regulations and then refer to the following instructions on setting the leak test interval To change the leak test interval press the Leak Test Interval butto
82. e is the rem The SI unit is the sievert Sv where 1 Sv 100 rem The rem is a relatively large unit so often radiation dose is expressed in smaller units called millirem mrem where 1 rem 1000 mrem The risk of injury from radiation is generally related to the total radiation dose received over a period of time It is also related to the dose rate which is the amount of dose received per unit time The same amount of radiation received over a long period months to years is much less hazardous than if received over a very short period hours This has to do with the body s ability to repair cell damage caused by the radiation The U S Nuclear Regulatory Commission NRC has established the following limits on the amount of whole body radiation exposure that individuals may safely receive from licensed a radioactive materials gt z gt Type of Individual Dose Limit 3 Adult worker 5000 mrem per year a Minor under 18 years old 500 mrem per year ae Member of the public 100 mrem per year S lt Model 3451 Appendix A 5 LIMITING EXPOSURE Under average conditions an individual working with the 3451 gauge will receive less than 200 millirem per year A basic principle of radiation protection is that radiation exposure should be kept as far below the limits as is reasonably achievable This is known as the ALARA as low as reasonable achievable principle The three methods for limiting e
83. e Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission CNSC The owner should obtain copies of the AECB Regulations and the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations TDG For other countries please consult your local regulatory agency Model 3451 1 3 Owners are encouraged to require study of this manual before allowing anyone to use the gauge A potential hazard does exist if improperly used Appendices A and D which cover radiological safety should be required reading for all users and potential users If these appendices are not completely understood users should seek assistance from Troxler an appointed Troxler representative or others designated within the user s organization Additional radiation safety information is available by attending a Troxler Nuclear Gauge Training Course Before operating the Model 3451 gauge users in European countries must refer to Appendix G for special considerations additional safety warnings and the Declaration of Conformity Since changes are made to local state and federal regulations on a continuing basis the owner operator must maintain awareness of current requirements The responsibility for compliance ultimately falls on the owner An owner in the United States may also wish to purchase and subscribe to Titles 10 and 49 of the Code of Federal Regulations CFR in addition to applicable local state regulations 1 4 AXTROYLER GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM ACCURACY As described earlier
84. e Thin Lift Special Calibration menu gt To erase the existing partial calibration and start a new one press No The PDA asks Do you wish to erase the current partial thin lift calibration Press Yes to erase the stored partial calibration and begins a new density measurement as described previously or NO to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu Model 3451 6 23 e O o a go 2 2 3 5 EF Input true density sf 3 06 Eg thin Lift Special Calibra 3 07 Input true density E Ts Input the true Cok Information ok density in pcf for NR See partial calibration Cancel O Special thin lift calibration reading number 1 complete The results are B1 0 009862 ft3 Ib B2 0 062570 ft3 Ib clvfbfnim 7 coka TY hee ES menu Help mj Figure 6 23 Input Figure 6 24 Thin Layer True Density Special Calibration Results AF Enter file name Enter file name Thin lift calibration is Leddet Le Enter a name for this thin lift cal 20 chars max Number of Averages 123 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 o ls jefr t y ufi o p 1 Figure 6 25 Enter File Name 6 24 A TROYLER View a Thin Layer Special Calibration To view the value of a thin layer special calibration stored in memory press View on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu see Figure 6 21 The PDA displays the Thin Lift File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 26 To view a thin layer special calibration press
85. e factory calibrated values After the first four days of operation or after taking four standard counts compare the daily standard count to the average of the last four counts Acceptable standard count limits are 1 each day for DS1 density standard 1 3 each day for DS2 density standard and 2 each day for MS moisture standard If the standard count passes record the standard counts then press the Yes button The PDA displays the prompt Do you wish to erase the last four standard counts Press No The PDA displays Standard counts have been stored Press the ok button to return to the Standard Menu gt Ifthe standard count fails by less than 10 and it has been more than a month since the last standard count then accept the standard count by pressing the Yes button At the Do you wish to erase the last four standard counts prompt press the Yes button The PDA displays Standard counts have been stored Previous four standard counts were erased from memory Press the ok button to return to the Standard Menu Take four additional standard counts The last of these counts will be compared to the previous four and the standard counts should pass If not repeat the procedure If it still fails perform a stat test see page C 2 and a drift test see page C 5 then contact your Troxler representative 44 AXTROYLER 3 standard Menu m 11 46 Confirm Standard count results System 1 8184 0 7
86. e is provided to assist the operator in converting from millicuries to gigabequerels mCi to GBq ET 0 30 Mica 1 48 Appendix F 2 TROYLER APPENDIX G SPECIAL EUROPEAN CONSIDERATIONS This section applies only to those Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus gauges with the CE mark that are to be used in European countries D m Cc 3 CONTENTS E gt Declaration of Conformity cece eeceeeeeeseeeseeeneeenseceaecnaeeeseeees G 2 E Wu Safety W rneg ee EEN a a G 3 2 Model 3451 Appendix G 1 DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY Application of Council EMC Directive 89 336 EEC NOTE The Low Voltage Directive 73 23 EEC does not apply to the Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus Surface Moisture Density Gauge because there are no voltages greater than 75 V dc that are accessible by the operator Standards to which Conformity is Declared Guidance Documents Emissions Immunity Test Methods Emissions Immunity Manufacturer Apparatus Year of Manufacture Responsible Person Appendix G 2 EN 61326 2 1997 A1 1998 A2 2001 EN 61326 2 1997 A1 1998 A2 2001 EN 55011 1998 EN 61000 3 2 1955 EN 91000 3 3 1995 EN 61000 4 2 1995 EN 61000 4 3 1995 EN 61000 4 4 1995 EN 61000 4 5 1995 EN 61000 4 6 1995 EN 61000 4 11 1995 Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc P O Box 12057 3008 Cornwallis Road Research Triangle Park North Carolina 27709 U S A Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus
87. e source Therefore moisture measurement is similar to a density measurement taken in backscatter mode as described earlier in this chapter N I m E J lt O 7 O TD fe Z The depth of measurement is defined in terms of a maximum depth beneath the surface of the material being measured Of the neutrons counted by the gauge 98 percent will penetrate no deeper than the depth of measurement The depth of measurement is a function of moisture content The following equations can be used to determine the approximate depth of measurement Depth inches 11 0 17 x M where M moisture in pcf or Depth mm 280 0 27 x M where M moisture in kg m The normalized curve set shown in Figure 2 1 illustrates the effects of moisture content on the depth of measurement Model 3451 2 3 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 Gauge Measured Moisture Content pcf 640 560 480 400 320 240 160 80 Gauge Measured Moisture Content kg m3 Ne Depth 11 0 17 X M Lose 32 3 pef 20 8 pot N 5 95 pef 2 4 6 8 1 Depth in 0 12 N Depths 280 0 2 7 XM 4 521 kg m 336 kg m3 IES 96 kg m3 0 50 100 150 200 Depth mm 250 300 Figure 2 1 Effect of Moisture on Depth of Measurement 2 4 A TROXLER THIN LAYER The M
88. eceseceseeees D 2 Canadian Shipping Reoutrements D 5 APPENDIX E STANDARD COUNT LOG APPENDIX F UNIT CONVERSION Measurement Units serieetan ae e a e e aE aeia F2 Radiological Units eoe Arto et is F 2 APPENDIX G SPECIAL EUROPEAN CONSIDERATIONS Declaration of Conformity ooooconoccnoncconnnonnnonnnonanonn nono ncnn nono nacnnacnns G 2 Safety E aktuelt aar G 3 INDEX WARRANTY Model 3451 ix Figure N d TAG he EN AD Uu Lun fr eel gt gt a a gt hn 00 VD GJ Ch LD P AHA ra O EE N S 3 21 3 22 4 1 42 4 3 4 4 45 46 47 4 8 4 10 LIST OF FIGURES Title Page Model 3451 Parts and Accessories rrrrrrrnrnvennvnvrnsne 1 9 Effect of Moisture on Depth of Measurement 2 4 Model 3451 Illustration ooooonnnccnnnoconncccnnonacinnncnnncnonns 33 Back Panel DetallS eiii isaac 3 4 Source Rod Positions ooooonccnnocnnoconocnnonnnonnconaconnccnna ns 3 5 Troxler Men ee tds 3 10 Not Sereen eriei de 3 10 Calcula ii o 3 11 Intermec Launcher Display ooonccnncononcnoncconncnnnannos 3 12 Windows Desktop 3 12 Return to Troxler Men 3 13 Battery Status Display oooonocnnncnnocinoccnoncconaconaconannos 3 17 RoadReader Plus Software Main Men 3 18 Project Menu ui ta 3 20 New Project Setup Wizard Page 1 eee 3 20 Project File Selector 3 22 Project Data Display rernrrronnrnvonrvrerrrvennrneennnnernsee 3 22 Project Erase Drompmt isrcecunce
89. ed Press the Options button The ActiveSync PC Synchronization Options screen is displayed Ensure that the Enable PC sync using this connection checkbox is checked and that 115200 Default is selected from the dropdown menu Also ensure that the Maintain connection radio button is selected Press the ok button to return to the ActiveSync PC Synchronization screen Press the ok button to the ActiveSync display Press the X button to return to the Windows desktop Follow the directions on page 3 12 to return to the Troxler menu BLUETOOTH COMMUNICATION CONFIGURATION The PDA is configured at the factory to enable Bluetooth communications with the gauge If communications between the PDA and gauge cannot be established check the Bluetooth configuration as follows d Follow the directions on page 3 12 to display the Windows desktop Press the Start button in the upper left corner of the desktop and select Settings from the dropdown menu Select the Connections tab at the bottom of the Settings display Press the Bluetooth icon A Bluetooth Settings window is displayed with the Mode tab selected 3 14 TROYLER SE EE Ensure that the On radio button is selected Select the File Transfer tab at the bottom of the display Ensure that the Enable radio button is selected Select the Wireless Printing tab at the bottom of the display Ensure that a gauge 3451 XXXX is displayed in the lower Connected box
90. eeeeeeeeeneeeaeeenaes 3 3 Source Rod Positions eanvoonsvonnnovnrovnnovvnnennnsevnnevnnovnnsentreeesnevnernne 3 5 Before Using the Gauge and PIA 3 6 Turning the Gauge and PDA On 3 8 Troxler Meme cc da 3 10 le 3 10 Calculator oi ad Bees 3 11 KEE 3 12 PDA ActiveSync Confteuraton 3 13 Bluetooth Communication Configuration oooooonocnnoncnoncnoncnns 3 14 RoadReader Plus Main Men 3 16 Project Piles 3 19 New Projectes Dei slide 3 19 VIEW Projet tnye mtasic ENEE dE 3 21 Erase Project ans Auten 3 22 Enable Projects till largada 3 23 Disable Project cisco tii 3 23 Model 3451 3 1 Ge Q m sl 3 z o Ku Ri gt Kal m D CONTENTS Continued RER 3 24 VIEW LAMAS aan ne Reca 3 25 VIEW Ee EE 3 25 Gauge Temperature 3 26 Battery Statusin eiee A estacas opinas 3 26 SOUTCE DECAY init io idas 3 27 A A RR 3 28 32 AXTROYLER MODEL 3451 ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 3 1 illustrates various components of the Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus referred to throughout this chapter and the remainder of the manual Figure 3 2 is a detailed view of the gauge back panel DEPTH INDICATOR TRIGGER STRIP INDEX ROD SOURCE PG ROD BACK PANEL SEE DETAILS FIGURE 3 2 Q m z o Ku Ri gt Ka m D Figure 3 1 Model 3451 Illustration Model 3451 3 3 9 PIN SERIAL PORT W BLUETOOTH ADAPTER BEEPER CHARGER CONNECTOR Figure 3 2 Back Panel Details NOTE To adjust the v
91. eeper will sound to signify that the gauge is ready for use Press the power switch labeled I O located in the upper left corner of the PDA keypad The PDA powers up then displays the Troxler menu shown in Figure 34 NOTE If the PDA has been completely discharged the first time it is powered up after recharging it will go through a series of reboots during which it reloads the RoadReader Plus software and other applications Please be patient as this process may take several minutes Do not attempt to use the PDA until it displays the menu shown in Figure 3 4 3 8 TROYLER NOTE If the gauge is moved a long distance between uses the GPS system must be allowed to initialize In some instances initialization may take as long as 30 to 45 minutes from the time the gauge is powered on with the GPS enabled Note also that the gauge must be positioned such that the GPS receiver can receive signals from the GPS satellites see page 1 5 for more information If the GPS does not initialize within 45 minutes contact your Troxler representative E Q m sl 3 z o Ku gt Ka m D Model 3451 3 9 TROXLER MENU Figure 3 4 shows the Troxler menu that is displayed when the PDA is powered up From this menu the user can start the RoadReader Plus software launch the Windows Notes or Calculator function or display the Windows desktop A description of the RoadReader Plus software begins on page 3 16 NOTES To lau
92. egal or invalid data has been entered by the operator Depth strip validation failed This error can occur when trying to recalibrate the depth strip from a process Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver d Source rod not in the proper position Error Checking Battery Voltage This error can occur when checking the battery voltage charger status or battery status Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver d Check that the PDA is the one shipped with the gauge Before leaving the Troxler factory the transceivers on the gauge and PDA are programmed with a unique matching address The PDA can only communicate with the matching gauge Model 3451 Appendix C 13 Error Communicating with gauge This error can occur when the PDA cannot communicate with the gauge Possible causes Gauge not turned on PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Check that the PDA is the one shipped with the gauge Before leaving the Troxler factory the transceivers on the gauge and PDA are programmed with a unique matching address The PDA can only communicate with the matching gauge d Verify the PDA s Bluetooth communications configuration as described on page 3 14 Y Verify the PDA s ActiveSync configuration as described on page 3
93. egulations please see Appendix D NOTE Charge the 3451 batteries for 2 5 hours prior to initial use Install the PDA battery pack and charge the PDA as directed in the Quick Start Guide provided with the unit NOTE If the PDA battery pack is completely discharged when the gauge and accessories are unpacked charge the PDA for 4 hours before use Refer to the Quick Start Guide provided with the unit for instructions on installing and charging the battery pack Lift the gauge from the transport case and inspect the outside surface for damage Check the lock on the source rod handle and make sure the keys fit Remove the lock release the trigger and check the source rod operation It should move up and down with little effort Return the gauge to the transport case Model 3451 1 11 NOTES 1 12 AXTROXLER CHAPTER 2 THEORY OF OPERATION This chapter provides a brief description of the theory of operation of the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus The direct N transmission and backscatter modes of operation are illustrated along with an explanation of the cesium 137 source m og O americium 241 beryllium source and detector geometry I O Se CONTENTS 9 Dens aske 2 2 gt e Z MIOISTUTS eannan ena ee er ae Teer een a tan ei n ais 2 3 Thin Bayer oesie celente a aE at 2 5 Cahlbraton gege et dE EE EE EE 2 6 OSet une 2 6 Model 3451 2 1 DENSITY The Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus use
94. el 3451 Appendix E 7 m Kr gt Z EI gt a U Q Q Z i E Q 0 STANDARD COUNT LOG Gauge Serial Number Date Moisture MS Density DS1 Density DS2 Appendix E 8 A TROYLER APPENDIX F UNIT CONVERSION The Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus can display measurement results in either SI metric units or English units Also HM 181 of 49 CFR changes the standard units of radioactivity in the United States from the English unit of curies Ci to the SI unit of becquerel Bq This requires the shipper to convert the activity on the Bill of Lading from curies to becquerels GBq Until everyone is accustomed to the SI units it is permitted to follow the SI units with the English units in parentheses to clarify the description for example 1 48 GBq 40 mCi To help our users convert from English units to SI units the table in this appendix provides SI conversion factors for common English units relevant to the 3451 gauge CONTENTS Measurement Units ccscccccsssssssescecccesccssssssscccccecescssevesccees F 2 Radiological Units usant ket siecdosn a F 2 Model 3451 Appendix F 1 m z Q Oo E lt m 2 7 Oo Z MEASUREMENT UNITS 1 in 25 4 mm 1 in 2 54 cm 1 ft 30 48 cm 1 ft 0 3048 m I pef 16 02 kg m I pef 1 6 x 10 g cm RADIOLOGICAL UNITS l rem 0 01 Sv 1 Ci 37 GBq 1 mCi 37 MBq 1 uCi 37 kBq The following tabl
95. elector dc 10 52 EF Project File Selector E 10 58 North Carolina I 40 tn ginia I 81 la Virginia 1 81 al Numb ef Tim 5 10 55 06 AM Menu Ej Menu Ej Figure 3 14 Project Figure 3 15 Project File Selector Data Display ERASE PROJECT The Erase function enables the operator to delete a project file and any data stored in it To erase a project file press the Erase button on the Project Menu see Figure 3 12 The PDA displays the Project File Selector as shown in Figure 3 14 To select a project file press the project file name twice The PDA displays the prompt shown in Figure 3 16 Press OK to erase the project file The PDA displays Project file XXX has been erased Press ok to continue gt If the erased project was not previous active the PDA returns to the Project Menu gt Ifthe erased project was previously active the PDA displays Project XXX disabled Press ok to return to the Project Menu Press Cancel to exit without erasing the project file The PDA displays The project file named XXX will not be erased Press ok to return to the Project Menu 3 22 TROXLER EF Project File Selector 11 01 Information You have indicated that you wish to erase PERMANENTLY the project file named North Carolina I 40 Click OK to confirm that you wish to erase this file Abort Press Abort to exit Menu E Figure 3 16 Project Erase Prompt ENABLE PROJECT To enable a
96. en completed the gauge calculates the average density of the test material When taking counts on thin layer asphalt Troxler recommends averaging four one minute readings NOTE The Model 3451 gauge can store measurements performed using different modes under a single project name For example the operator may select the Soil mode when setting up the project see page 3 19 but can also save Asphalt mode measurements under the same project To change the measurement mode for the current project press the Mode button on the Gauge Setup menu shown on page 5 2 The PDA displays the message shown in Figure 55 gt To maintain the current measurement mode press Cancel gt To change measurement modes press OK The PDA displays the setup Wizard see page 3 20 Follow the prompts in the wizard to select the mode measurement units count time and so on Upon completion the wizard requests a project name while displaying the currently named project file To change the project name enter a new one or press Ok to accept the current name Model 3451 5 5 H Ve u c U go gt D Si 1 m Z eg 0 AJ Gauge Setup 10 40 ma Information You have indicated that you wish to change the measurement mode of the gauge for the current project You wil now be sent to the Setup Wizard Please make a selection Menu En Figure 5 5 Mode Change Display COUNT TIME The count time defines how long the gau
97. er the new wet density offset and press Ok The PDA enables the new offset and displays Wet density offset is enabled Press the ok button to return to the Wet Density Offset Select screen ES Wet Density Offset Se 4 11 21 ES Input wet density offs 11 22 Input wet density offset D Input the wet density offset in units of DC Wet Density Offset Please make a selection Menu Help Figure 6 2 Wet Density Figure 6 3 Input Wet Offset Select Density Offset 6 4 A TROYLER MOISTURE OFFSET The moisture offset k is determined by comparing the true moisture of a laboratory sample with the gauge moisture reading The Model 3451 can derive the moisture offset either by taking a moisture measurement and comparing the reading to the true moisture entered by the operator or by comparing measured and true values entered by the operator To access the moisture offset functions press the Moisture button on the Offset Menu see Figure 6 1 The PDA displays the Moisture Offset Select screen shown in Figure 6 4 New Moisture Offset from Gauge Reading To derive the moisture offset by first taking a moisture reading the operator must take a reading with the gauge and enter the true moisture derived by an oven dry or similar method The gauge can store one partial offset which allows the operator to take a reading and enter the true moisture at different times NOTE When using destructive methods such as dril
98. eted d No voidless density values were created No voidless density value selected This error can occur if the operator attempts to enable disable view or erase a voidless density value but does not select one d D le Cc GA E m Ka I Q O z o Serial Port is not accessible Please close any programs that are using the serial port When the RoadReader Plus software is first turned on it checks the serial port to see if another program has control of it If another program has control this error will occur Exit the RoadReader Plus software and perform the following to close out all other running programs d Press Start and select Settings from the dropdown menu Press the System button at the bottom of the display Press the Memory icon Press the Running Programs button at the bottom of the display SSS V Press the Stop All button to halt all programs currently running in the PDA memory Special calibration name must be 20 chars or less This error can occur when performing a special calibration after the operator is prompted for the special calibration name Possible causes d Name was greater than 20 characters long Y No name was entered Model 3451 Appendix C 21 The gauge is not in Safe position To take a standard count with the on the standard block with the source rod in STD position and click OK This error can occur when performing a standard count and Automatic depth strip mo
99. for information on managing project data using the Data Manager software d Insert the Data Manager CD ROM into the computer s CD ROM drive d From the Windows XP desktop click on the Start button in the taskbar Y Select Run Y In the displayed dialog box type d setup where d is the letter designation of the CD ROM drive and press the Enter key or click on the OK button Follow the instructions on the screen to complete the installation d The installation program adds a DataManager group to the Programs menu with one program item DataManager Ge Q m sl 3 z o Ku gt Ka m D Model 3451 3 7 TURNING THE GAUGE AND PDA ON NOTE The gauge should be inspected each day before use to ensure proper operation of all safety features Refer to page A 10 for the daily inspection procedure NOTE Charge the 3451 batteries for 2 5 hours prior to initial use Charge the PDA as directed in the documentation provided with the unit NOTE When controlling the gauge with the PDA the PDA should be within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge The operating range may be as much as 15 2 m 50 ft depending upon various conditions CAUTION DO NOT change the Regional Settings in the PDA If these settings are changed the RoadReader Plus software in the PDA will be unable to calculate test results To turn on the gauge press the power switch located on the rear panel of the gauge see Figure 3 2 The internal b
100. g off the GPS Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Invalid Code Entered This error will occur if an illegal or invalid code is entered while trying to change the operator code Invalid density value Try again This error can occur if the operator enters an invalid density value while performing a special calibration The value must be greater than 0 Invalid percent moisture value entered This error can occur if the operator enters an invalid moisture offset from the keypad menu selection The value must be between 1 and 99 Invalid thickness entered This error can occur if the operator enters an invalid thin layer thickness while performing a thin layer special calibration Legitimate rod depth not entered This error can occur if while performing a special calibration the operator enters an invalid source rod depth to store this calibration position Math error encountered in thin lift calibration Calibration aborted This error can occur after taking a reading count in the thin layer calibration mode Possible causes Y Counts received are not valid d Depth strip was in an improper position Manual mode Appendix C 18 A TROYLER Moisture offset name must be 20 chars or less This error can occur when the operator is prompted for the moisture offset name while performing a moisture offset Possible causes d Name was gre
101. ge 54 then press the Ok button The PDA then requests a descriptive name for the target value Enter an alphanumeric name up to 20 characters for the target value and press the Ok button The name should be as descriptive as possible to ensure that the target value can be easily identified The PDA stores the new value and asks if the new value is to be activated To activate the new value press the Yes button Pressing the No button allows the operator to store the value for later use The PDA returns to the Proctor Value Menu EF Input Proctor Yalue 11 09 Input Proctor Yalue D Input the proctor density value of the soil to be measured in units of pcf e gea EEN Figure 5 16 Input Proctor Value Display 5 16 A TROYLER VIEW A TARGET VALUE To view a target value stored in memory press the View button on the Proctor Value Menu see Figure 5 15 The PDA displays a target value selector menu as shown in Figure 5 17 To view a value press the file name twice The PDA displays a popup window showing the current value Press the ok button to return to the Proctor Value Menu ERASE A TARGET VALUE To erase a target value stored in memory press the Erase button on the Proctor Value Menu see Figure 5 15 The PDA displays a target value selector menu as shown in Figure 5 17 To erase a value press the file name twice The PDA requests confirmation that the target value is to be erased P
102. ge reads Longer count times produce better measurement precision Troxler recommends a count time of one minute for most sample measurements To change the count time press the Time button on the Gauge Setup menu see page 5 2 The PDA displays the Count Time Menu shown in Figure 5 6 The current count time is displayed at the top of the menu To select the desired count time press the corresponding button The PDA sets the count time and displays a confirmation message Press the ok button to return to the Count Time Menu Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Setup menu 5 6 A TROYLER Ej count Time Menu 10 42 Count Time coe seconds minute a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt J Q Y m Z Cc Wa zw minutes Done Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 5 6 Count Time Menu CUSTOMER NAME The Model 3451 can store a customer name or other messages up to 20 characters To enter a customer name press the Name button on the Gauge Setup menu see page 5 2 As shown in Figure 5 7 the Customer Name option requires an access code The initial access code is shown on page xv For instructions on changing the user code see page 59 To enter the access code use the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided with the PDA After the correct access code is entered press th
103. gegen
104. h the PDA a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt ba Q Y m Z Cc Wa The PDA displays the Change User Code Menu shown in Figure 5 8 Enter the new code and press the Done button The PDA displays a confirmation message showing the entered code and the question Is this correct Press the OK button to accept the new code and return to the Gauge Setup menu or the Cancel button to return to the Change User Code Menu E change User Code Me 10 46 Change User Code Done Press Done to continue Menu Figure 5 9 Change User Code Menu Model 3451 5 9 DEPTH STRIP The Depth Strip feature allows the operator to set the depth mode The depth mode determines how the gauge will receive data about the source rod depth The Model 3451 offers two depth modes Automatic and Manual In the Automatic mode the gauge software reads a depth strip on the index rod to determine the source rod depth In the Manual mode the operator enters the source rod depth at a gauge prompt whenever taking a measurement NOTE In the Manual mode the gauge uses the source rod depth entered by the operator If the operator enters an incorrect depth the measurement results will be invalid To access the Depth Indicator Menu see Figure 5 10 press the Depth Strip button on the Gauge Setup menu see page 5 2 To select a depth mode press either the Automatic or Manual button The PDA sets the mode and displays a confirmation messag
105. he Recover Projects button on the Main Menu see Figure 7 1 The software displays the Recover Project Menu shown in Figure 7 14 From this menu the operator can download project data from the gauge to the computer print the project data and send the data to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet RECOVER PROJECTS NOTE The Recover Projects function does not delete project data from the gauge To recover download project data from the gauge into Data Manager press the Recover Projects button on the Recover Project Menu The Data Manager software displays the prompt shown in Figure 7 15 A Recover Project Menu E File N D gt zl gt gt gt Q m ov Projects Print Projects Send to Spreadsheet Exit to Main Please make a selection Figure 7 14 Recover Project Menu Model 3451 7 19 Connect Gauge to PC x a Connect the gauge to the PC with the supplied serial cable y Make sure the gauge is turned ON Press the OK button to continue or Cancel to exit E Cancel Figure 7 15 Connect Gauge to PC Prompt As directed N Y Remove the Bluetooth adapter from the gauge s serial port see Figure 3 2 on page 3 4 Using the serial cable PN 110708 provided with the gauge connect the gauge to the computer s serial port Ensure that gauge is powered on On the computer press the OK button to recover the project data from the gauge During the download t
106. he computer displays Project X of XX Upon completion the computer displays Project collection complete Press OK to return to the Recover Project Menu PRINT PROJECTS To print the project data recovered from the gauge press the Print Projects button on the Recover Project Menu The software prompts the operator to ensure that a printer is connected to the computer and that the printer is powered on After doing so press OK The Data Manager software sends the project data in spreadsheet format to the default printer 7 20 A TROYLER SEND TO SPREADSHEET The Data Manager software can send the project data collected from the gauge to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet To send the data press the Send to Spreadsheet button The software launches the Microsoft Excel program then enters the project data into the spreadsheet as shown in Figure 7 5 on page 7 10 Upon completion the computer displays New workbook is now ready N D gt zl gt gt gt Q m D Model 3451 7 21 NOTES 7 22 ATROXLER APPENDIX A RADIATION THEORY AND SAFETY This appendix is required reading for anyone who will use the Troxler Model 3451 RoadReader Plus This appendix covers topics related to radiation theory and the safe operation of the gauge A brief overview of the regulatory requirements related to the ownership and use of the gauge as well as a listing of radiation safety related warnings and cautions is included
107. he transmitter receiver Error Invalid data received This error can occur if a command or data transmitted to the gauge or received by the PDA is not legal Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver ERROR Invalid Depth Characters This error can occur when trying to recalibrate the depth strip from a process Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Model 3451 Appendix C 15 ERROR Invalid Warmup Characters This error can occur when warming up the gauge Possible causes d PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Error Math error encountered Retake the measurement This error can occur after taking a reading count or a partial calibration Possible causes Y Counts received are not valid d Depth strip was in an improper position Manual mode Error No marshall directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes Y The Marshall directory has been deleted d PDA has an internal problem Error No proctor directory exists This error can occur if the PDA directory subdirectory structure has been altered Possible causes v The proctor directory has been deleted v PDA has an internal problem Error No project directory exists This
108. hown in Figure 3 10 This display includes the charger status ON or OFF the actual battery voltage and the battery status OK or LOW Press the Done button to continue NOTE If the battery voltage falls below 5 5 V the gauge shuts off Recharge the NiMH batteries as described on page C 24 The gauge then enters a five minute warmup period which allows the baseboard electronics to warm up and the gauge to acquire GPS data NOTE If the operator presses Abort to bypass the gauge warmup Troxler does not guarantee the accuracy of the GPS location data NOTE To preserve battery life the gauge shuts down automatically after five hours of inactivity w Q m a z EF Battery Status d 11 28 O Wu gt J m U Charger Status Off Battery Volts 6 5 Battery Status OK Press Done to continue Menu Help E Figure 3 10 Battery Status Display Model 3451 3 17 When all of the checks performed at power on are complete the RoadReader Plus software displays the main menu shown in Figure 3 11 From this menu the operator can take a reading or standard count change the gauge settings or access a set of gauge tools The main menu also displays the measurement mode Soil Asphalt or Thin Layer count time 15 seconds I minute or 4 minutes and the selected project name if any Before taking measurements read this manual carefully If you do not completely understand the sections that cover
109. ibed below or a special calibration as described in Chapter 6 Perform a wet density offset if the test material is outside the density range for average soil or if the material composition varies from average soil asphalt Perform a moisture offset if the test material contains hydrogenous materials other than water or materials that absorb neutrons Materials such as cement gypsum coal mica and lime are all hydrogenous Material such as boron and cadmium are neutron absorbers Vertical structures scatter neutrons and gamma photons back to the gauge This could result in inaccurate moisture and density readings To take readings in a trench or within 0 6 m 2 ft of a large vertical structure perform a trench offset If the composition of the test material differs greatly from average soil and an offset does not provide adequate measurement accuracy then the gauge may need to be calibrated specifically for that material A special calibration allows the operator to calculate new calibration constants For more information on the Special Calibration feature see Chapter 6 2 6 AXTROXLER CHAPTER 3 GETTING STARTED This chapter provides details on getting started with the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus It provides instructions for turning the gauge and PDA on and explains how to set up and manage project files and how to check the gauge status CONTENTS Model 3451 Illustrations 00 cee ceeceseceseceseceeeeesees
110. ile The PDA displays The special calibration named XXX will not be erased Press ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu 6 18 TROYLER Enable a Special Calibration To enable a special calibration already stored in the gauge press the Enable button on the Special Calibration Menu see Figure 6 13 The PDA displays the Special File Selector screen as shown in Figure 6 17 To select and enable a special calibration press the file name twice The PDA displays The special calibration XXX has been activated at X position Press Ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu Disable a Special Calibration To disable the special calibration press the Disable button on the Special Calibration Menu see Figure 6 13 The PDA asks for the source rod position as shown in Figure 6 19 o O i Ro y E 2 7 e Enter the source rod position and press Ok The PDA displays The special calibration named XXX at index rod position X has been disabled Press ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu EF enter Rod Position d 2 59 Enter Rod Position D At which rod position do you wish to disable a special calibration backscatter 0 a disable Figure 6 19 Enter Rod Position Model 3451 6 19 THIN LAYER SPECIAL CALIBRATION The Thin Lift Special Calibration function allows the operator to re calibrate the gauge for materials not covered by the factory calibration The thin la
111. ing Refer to page A 11 for cleaning instructions Model 3451 4 13 z o I m Q gt Q m AF eeneg H Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations NOTE To preserve battery life the gauge shuts down automatically after five hours of inactivity 4 14 TROXLER ASPHALT MODE To measure the density of asphalt or hardened concrete of 4 inches or more follow the steps below d d Prepare the test site as described on page 49 Place the gauge on the test area Lower the source rod to the backscatter position Release the trigger Gently tap on the handle over the source rod to lock the source rod into position You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position Press the Take a Reading button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 gt Inthe Manual depth mode see page 5 10 the PDA prompts for the source rod depth Enter the source rod depth and press the Ok button gt Inthe Automatic depth mode the gauge software reads the depth strip on the source rod to determine the source rod depth While the gauge is taking a measurement the PDA displays the time remaining After the count time the gauge collects the count information and GPS data and then transmits this data to the PDA The PDA disp
112. ion is defined as one standard deviation in readings Appendix B 4 A TROXLER RADIOLOGICAL SPECIFICATIONS us Gamma Source 0 30 GBq 8 mCi 10 Cs 137 y Neutron Source 1 48 GBq 40 mCi 10 Am 241 Be 3 Source Type Sealed Source Special Form Source Housing Stainless Steel Encapsulated 6 Shielding Lead Tungsten Surface Dose Rate See Radiation Profile on page A 19 Shipping Case Type A Yellow II TI 0 3 Certificates of Cs 137 USA 0614 S or USA 0356 S Competent Authority Am 241 Be USA 0632 S or CZ 1009 S 85 Model 3451 Appendix B 5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONS Stored Power 32 5 watt hours Average Current Consumption Ready mode 40 mA Measurement mode 140 mA Off 2mA Time Before Automatic 5 hours of complete inactivity Shutdown Power Source s Base 5 C NiMH Rechargeable Pack batteries Charge Source 12 V de 5 1 8 A minimum Battery Recharge Time 2 5 hours maximum automatic cutoff may be charged incrementally without damaging the batteries Appendix B 6 AXTROYLER MECHANICAL SPECIFICATIONS Gauge Size w handle Shipping Case Size Weight Shipping Weight Operating Temperature Ambient Max Test Material Surface Temperature Storage Temperature Humidity 12 inch rod 604 H x 411 L x 229 W mm 23 8 H x 16 2 L x 9 0 W in 8 inch rod 503 H x 411 Lx 229 W mm 19 8 H x 16 2 L x 9 0 W in w V D m Q a O gt 3 O E 7 782 H x 353 Lx 455 W mm 3
113. ions called reference stations across the United States The reference stations determined a measured distance to each satellite using the signals received from the satellites For each satellite the stations compare the measured distance to the actual range as calculated from its known position to determine a differential correction for each satellite Model 3451 1 5 Two master stations located on either coast collect data from the reference stations to create a GPS correction message This message is then broadcast through two geostationary satellites that are in a fixed position over the equator The GPS receiver applies the correction factors contained in the correction message to increase the accuracy of its measurements Note that the signals from the WAAS satellites may not be available to gauge users in locations where trees mountains and other large objects obstruct the view of the horizon On other occasions the GPS receiver may not be able to access the signals from the three satellites required to determine a position As noted earlier the gauge stores location information with the results of each measurement The measurement display also denotes the quality of the location fix as follows gt If WAAS information is available during a gauge measurement the fix quality for that measurement will be denoted as DGPS fix gt Ifa GPS location is determined but the WAAS information is unavailable the fix quality will
114. isture Offset Select screen EF Input gauge determir 11 26 EF Input true moisture v 11 27 Input gauge determined D Input true moisture value D Input the percent Input the true moisture value of the oven dry percent soil as determined by moisture value of the the gauge soil Figure 6 7 Input Moisture Figure 6 8 Input True Value from Gauge Moisture 6 8 A TROYLER Enable a Stored Moisture Offset To enable a moisture offset already stored in the gauge press the Enable button on the Moisture Offset Select screen see Figure 64 The PDA displays the Offset File Selector screen as shown in Figure 6 9 To select and enable an offset file press the offset file name twice The PDA displays Moisture offset enabled Press Ok to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen Disable Moisture Offset To disable the moisture offset press the Disable button on the Moisture Offset Select screen see Figure 6 4 The PDA displays The moisture offset named XXX has been disabled Press ok to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e EF ortset File Selector 11 31 Troxler Press Abort to continue Menu Ej Figure 6 9 Offset File Selector Model 3451 6 9 View a Stored Moisture Offset To view the value of a moisture offset already stored in the gauge press the View button on the Moisture Offset Select screen see Figure 6 4 The PDA displays
115. ites Y Remove a soil sample from each test site at a depth of at least 8 in or the appropriate depth of measurement determined using the formulas on page 2 3 Y Use standard laboratory methods for example oven or microwave drying to determine the true moisture content of each soil sample Y Calculate the average gauge measured moisture and the average laboratory derived moisture Use these average values to calculate the offset factor Model 3451 6 7 To determine the moisture offset press KeyPad on the Moisture Offset Select screen see Figure 6 4 The PDA prompts for the percent moisture value as measured by the gauge see Figure 6 7 Enter the average moisture value determined above and press Ok The PDA then prompts for the true percent moisture value Enter the true laboratory moisture determined above and press Ok The PDA determines the offset k value If the k value is larger than that which is typical the PDA displays a warning message If the derived value is within parameters the PDA requests a file name for the offset as shown in Figure 6 6 on page 6 7 Enter a descriptive name up to 20 characters and press Ok The name should be as descriptive as possible to ensure that the offset value can be easily identified The PDA displays Moisture offset saved Do you wish to activate this offset Press Yes to activate the offset or No to exit without activating the offset The PDA returns to the Mo
116. j Figure 3 19 View Figure 3 20 View Status Display Constants Display Model 3451 3 25 GAUGE TEMPERATURE To view the gauge temperature press the Gauge Temperature button on the Gauge Status Menu see Figure 3 18 The PDA displays the gauge temperature both in degrees Fahrenheit and in degrees Celsius Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Status Menu BATTERY STATUS To view the current status of the gauge s NiMH batteries press the Battery Status button on the Gauge Status Menu see Figure 3 18 The software displays the status of the batteries as shown in Figure 3 10 on page 3 17 This display includes the charger status ON or OFF the actual battery voltage and the battery status OK or LOW Press the Done button to return to the Gauge Status Menu NOTE If the battery voltage falls below 5 5 V the gauge shuts off Recharge the NiMH batteries as described on page C 24 3 26 TROYLER SOURCE DECAY The strength of radioactive material is measured by its activity or rate of decay This activity decreases with time The length of time it takes a given amount of radioactive material to decay to half of its original strength is referred to as the half life The half life of the Am 241 Be source is 432 years The half life of the Cs 137 source is 30 years The Source Decay Menu see Figure 3 21 allows the operator to view how the decrease in the radiation intensity of the source affects stan
117. jects to a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet Note that this function requires that Microsoft Excel has been installed on the computer running the Data Manager software gt To send data from a single project press the Send Project to Spreadsheet button on the Manage a Project menu The software displays a list of the projects currently stored on the computer To select a project double click its name on the list N D gt gt gt gt Q m J gt To send the data from all the projects press the Send All Projects to Spreadsheet button The software launches the Microsoft Excel program then enters the project data into the spreadsheet as shown in Figure 7 5 Upon completion the computer displays New workbook is now ready Model 3451 7 9 ES Microsoft Excel project xls olx BI File Edit view Insert Format Tools Data Window Help Acrobat 18 x OSHA SRY Apel D gt 1961 C D E Date Time Mode Units Depth Count Time 8 26 2003 14 18 Soil pef 15 8 26 2003 14 19 Soil pef 15 8 26 2003 14 19 Soil pef 15 8 26 2003 14 21 Asphalt pef 15 8 26 2003 14 22 Thin Layer pef 15 8 26 2003 14 23 Thin Layer pef 16 M Sheet1 dd DI 0 TT WI TT Figure 7 5 Project Data Spreadsheet 7 10 A TROYLER VIEW PROJECT CONFIGURATION The Data Manager software also includes tools for downloading viewing printing and storing the configuration of the active project To access these tools click
118. k Test Date Menu ornnvnrnvvnnvvnnnvnrnvnvravevsvvvrven 5 13 Target Menus siena sist saiia 5 15 Proctor Value Menu 5 15 Input Proctor Value Display 5 16 Proctor File Selector 5 17 Offset Meninas 6 3 Wet Density Offset Select 6 4 Input Wet Density Offset A 64 Moisture Offset Select 6 5 Input True Percent Moisture n 6 7 Enter Moisture Offset File Name 6 7 Input Moisture Value from Gauge envnnnnnnnnvnnrnnrnrr 6 8 Input True Moisture ocooococcnoncconnnannnonanonn nono nonanonanonnnos 6 8 Offset File Selector mucosa 6 9 Moisture Offset Erase Prompt 6 11 Trench Offset Select 6 12 New Trench Offset Confirmation 0 0 00 eee 6 13 Soil Special Calibration Menu 6 15 Gauge Positioned Over Designated Test Site 6 16 Input True Density n 6 17 Model 3451 xi 7 6 xii LIST OF FIGURES Continued Title Page Enter Fil Names Eed Ad eEEE 6 17 Special File Selector 2 s ccccsseteest yet eesedsaeenteedeneencs 6 18 Special Calibration Erase Prompt 6 18 Enter Rod Boston 6 19 Taking Measurements Around a Core Site 6 20 Thin Lift Special Calibration Men 6 21 Input Top Layer Thickness ooooonnncccnonccinnccconaccnnnnnos 6 22 Input True Density recreire deities 6 24 Thin Layer Special Calibration Results 6 24 Enter Elle Name eege na 6 24 Thin Lift File Selecetor 6 25 Thin Lift Special Calibration Erase Prompt 6 25 Input Number of Averages eere
119. lays the prompt Would you like to add project notes This enables the operator to enter project notes to be stored with the measurement results gt To continue without entering project notes press No To add project notes press Yes The PDA displays a Project Notes screen similar to the one shown in Figure 4 7 on page 4 12 Enter the desired notes and press Ok Troxler recommends that the information entered as project notes does not exceed 40 characters gt 2 z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 15 d The PDA displays the measurement results as shown in Figure 4 9 Note that WetDensity Voids 1 Voidless 100 d Note also that the Fix Quality is displayed as GPS fix This indicates that the gauge s GPS receiver was able to determine a GPS location but the Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS was not available For more information on GPS accuracy refer to page 1 5 Press the ok button to continue Y The PDA stores the measurement results in the active project then displays the confirmation message Asphalt results stored in project XXX where XXX is the active project name Press the ok button to continue Y The PDA then stores the project data in the gauge Upon completion the PDA displays Project storage to gauge complete Press the ok button to return to the main menu Agi sss1 RoadReader Plu gz 10 15 Information lok Count Results 2 7 05 10 15 39 AM Lati
120. le Page GPS Position ACCUTACY cccccoooconoccnonoccnnncnonnncnnnnccnnaconnnos 1 7 Radiation Profile for Model 3451 Gauge A 19 AXTROYLER ATTENTION 3451 GAUGE OWNER This unit contains functions that require an ACCESS CODE This code must be entered before these functions may be used The ACCESS CODE for this gauge is 4012 This page should be removed if the access code is not to be distributed to other parties or users of this gauge Model 3451 XV xvi NOTES A TROXLER CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE MODEL 3451 This chapter provides a brief overview of the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus as well as an explanation of the global positioning system GPS This chapter also includes a list of the gauge parts and accessories and instructions for unpacking and inspecting the gauge CONTENTS Introductions uote iit i alah ia 1 2 Global Positioning System Accuracy coococococococonaconaconnnancnnncnnnccnnnos 1 5 Gauge Parts and ACCESSOTIES oooonoconoconocononoconocnnanonananonac nono cono ncnnno 1 8 Unpacking and Inspection rronrronvronvvenvvrnvvnvnenenrnrvrarvraseresevsvenn 1 11 Model 3451 1 1 mb Z D e U CH O Z INTRODUCTION Troxler s Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus combines the impressive features of the Model 3450 RoadReader Plus with advanced global positioning system GPS and wireless technologies to provide unparalleled performance flexibility
121. learance around gauge Check that any sources are at least 33 ft 10 m away Appendix C 10 TROXLER GAUGE READINGS APPEAR ERRATIC N Ensure the source rod handle is fully latched in the SAFE shielded position Check that the gauge is positioned correctly on the reference standard block see Figure 4 2 on page 4 3 Perform the standard count again If the standard count still fails contact the nearest Troxler Service Center 9 D le Cc GA E m Ka I Q O z o If taking readings in the backscatter position ensure the source rod is properly locked in the notch and not resting on the test material Check the inside of the gauge for moisture If necessary use a hair dryer on low heat to circulate warm air for one to three hours Remove any foreign objects from inside the gauge Ensure the hardware mounting screws are tight and in place Check count time a four minute count will give the highest precision with a repeatability of 1 pcf on repeated tests performed without moving the gauge Erratic density readings may be caused by a dirty tungsten sliding block Clean the sliding block see page A 11 Perform a stat test If test passes proceed with job gt If test fails repeat two more times If test fails two out of three times contact the nearest Troxler Service Center GAUGE TURNS OFF AFTER IT IS TURNED ON d If the rechargeable battery is below 5 5 volts recharge or re
122. ling cores or sample removal for true moisture measurement take gauge readings before removing samples o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e Bg Moisture Offset Select f 11 24 wem Fa Pa Fe ER Ca Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 6 4 Moisture Offset Select Model 3451 6 5 MEASURING THE MOISTURE To access this function press the New button on the Moisture Offset Select screen If no partial offset exists the PDA displays the prompt Place the gauge on the surface to be tested and click OK for a four minute count Prepare the test site as described on page 4 7 Place the gauge on the test site and position the source rod in the measurement position Press the OK button to take a four minute reading The PDA displays Moisture Count in Progress as well as the time remaining in seconds Upon completion the PDA collects the counts stores the partial moisture offset then displays Partial moisture offset saved Press New again to enter true moisture value Press ok to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen ENTERING TRUE MOISTURE To enter the true moisture after a partial offset has been stored press the New button on the Moisture Offset Select screen The PDA displays A partial moisture offset exists Do you wish to enter the true percent moisture gt To enter the true moisture press Yes The PDA requests the true percent moisture see Figure 6 5 Enter the true moisture a
123. located near the center of the plate that secure the fixed block to the plate d To reduce radiological exposure stand to one side of the gauge Paying close attention to the position of the sliding block remove the block d Using a stiff brush or rag soaked in alcohol clean the sliding block the fixed block mounted on the bottom plate and the cavity d Re install the sliding block with the angled side up Apply a light coating of Magnalube G paste to the top angled surface of the sliding block and to the top surface of the fixed block d Re install the bottom plate Do not over tighten screws Ensure that the source rod moves up and down freely 3451 GAUGE SLIDING BLOCK SC BEVEL p CAVITY FLAT HD ES FIXED BLOCK SCREWS 4 a A BOTTOM PLATE Figure A 3 Cleaning the Sliding and Fixed Blocks LEAK TESTING The 3451 gauge contains two radioactive sources that must be periodically leak tested The purpose of leak testing is to verify the integrity of the source encapsulation Because the source capsules are not directly accessible to users the leak test is performed indirectly by testing gauge components near the capsules for contamination Unless specified otherwise by your radioactive material license the gauge must be leak tested at intervals not exceeding 12 months to verify the integrity of the radioactive sources contained in the gauge In the United States leak tests may only be performed by an organiza
124. ly with applicable ANSI classification requirements for sealed sources used in portable gauges Appendix A 8 AXTROYLER SOURCE ROD INSPECTION To ensure the integrity of the source rod Troxler recommends that a qualified Troxler service person inspect the gauge and the source rod at least once every five years This inspection includes checking for excessive wear corrosion or damage that could affect the safety of gauge operation v However as a precaution ensure that the tip of the source rod is intact and undamaged that is ensure that the source is not missing Use a radiation survey meter to check the radiation levels at the gauge base surface without extending the source rod A maximum reading of 10 20 mrem hr is normal and indicates the source is present However if the maximum reading is less than 1 mrem hr or if a survey meter is not available perform a visual inspection of the source rod tip as follows to confirm its integrity 1 Extend the source rod just far enough to see the source rod tip The tip should appear flat to slightly rounded and smooth 2 Stay at least three feet away from the tip of the unshielded source rod and complete the inspection as quickly as possible to minimize exposure the dose rate at three feet from the unshielded source is about 2 7 mrem hr If the visual inspection indicates that the source rod tip is broken off source is missing 1 Immediately contact your Radiation Safety Office
125. millicuries mCi which is one thousandth of a curie or microcuries uCi which is one millionth of a curie In the Standard International SI or metric system the unit of activity is the becquerel Bq which equals one disintegration per second Because the becquerel is such an extremely small unit the activity of sources in nuclear gauges is normally expressed in megabecquerel MBq which is one million becquerels or gigabecquerel GBq which is one billion Bq The radioactivity of a source is not constant but decreases with time as the source decays The time it takes for one half of the original atoms to disintegrate is called the half life In successive half lives the activity decreases to 1 2 1 4 1 8 and so on of the initial value After seven half lives less than 1 of the original radioactive atoms remain Each radioisotope has a characteristic half life which can range from seconds to billions of years The half lives for the typical radioisotopes used in nuclear gauges are Radioisotope Half life Cs 137 30 years Am 241 432 years gt Ka gt z gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 3 TYPES OF RADIATION The radioactive sources in the Model 3451 produce four types of radiation Alpha particles Beta particles Gamma rays photons Neutrons The alpha and beta particles are stopped by the source capsule Therefore they present no external hazard to pers
126. n The PDA displays the Leak Test Interval Menu shown in Figure 5 12 The current leak test interval is displayed at the top of the menu Press the Abort button to return to the Leak Test Menu without changing the value To change the leak test interval enter the desired number of days using the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided with the PDA Press the Done button The PDA sets the new value and returns to the Leak Test Menu EF Leak Test Interval Me 10 49 Current Leak Test Interval Input Number of Press Done to continue Menu Help E Figure 5 12 Leak Test Interval Menu 5 12 A TROYLER Leak Test Date The Leak Test Date function allows the operator to view or change the date of the last leak test The gauge alerts the operator if the leak test interval has been exceeded To view or change the leak test date press the Leak Test Date button The PDA displays the Leak Test Date Menu shown in Figure 5 13 The current leak test date is displayed at the top of the menu Press the Abort button to return to the Leak Test Menu without changing the value To change the leak test date enter the desired date using the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided with the PDA Pre
127. nch the Notes function press the Notes button The PDA displays a Notes screen similar to that shown in Figure 3 5 This function allows the user to capture information as written or typed notes or as audio recordings For more information on using the Notes function press the Notes button in the upper left corner of the screen and select Help from the dropdown menu NOTE The Notes function described here is not related to the project notes that can be stored with measurement data see Figure 4 7 on page 4 12 a q Troxler 9 44 ok M FS e New Edit Tools Ej Figure 3 4 Troxler Menu Figure 3 5 Notes Screen 3 10 A TROYLER CALCULATOR To launch the Calculator function press the Calculator button The PDA displays the Calculator shown in Figure 3 6 For more information on using the Calculator press the Calculator button in the upper left corner and select Help from the dropdown menu 2 O m zl E 0 gt 2 Figure 3 6 Calculator m Model 3451 3 11 SYSTEM To display the Windows desktop press the Options button in the lower right of the Troxler menu The PDA displays the Intermec Launcher screen shown in Figure 3 7 This screen shows the status of the PDA battery pack To return to the Troxler menu press the Back button To continue to the Windows desktop press System When prompted for a password leave the password field blank and press OK
128. nd press Ok The PDA requests a file name for the moisture offset see Figure 6 6 Enter a file name up to 20 characters and press Ok The name should be as descriptive as possible to ensure that the offset value can be easily identified The PDA displays Moisture offset saved Do you wish to activate this offset Press Yes to activate the offset or NO to continue The PDA returns to the Moisture Offset Select screen To erase the existing partial offset and start a new one press No The PDA asks Do you wish to erase the current partial moisture offset Press Yes to erase the stored partial moisture offset and begin a new moisture measurement as described above or NO to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen 6 6 TROYLER EF Input true percent mc 11 36 EF Enter file name d 11 37 Input true percent DEAT X Enter file name x Input the true Please enter a name moisture in percent for this offset 20 chars ma EE reel EE tee P C 1 O en GE EE aka TE DER eller OL A Qo O Figure 6 5 Input True Figure 6 6 Enter Moisture z Percent Moisture Offset File Name gt Z Moisture Offset from Keypad Entry As described earlier in this chapter the Model 3451 can derive the moisture offset k by comparing measured and true values entered by the operator Before accessing this function Y Take a gauge reading at a site and record the reading Repeat at several test s
129. nfiguration to the default printer N D gt gt gt gt Q m SEND TO FILE To save the configuration of the active project as a comma delimited text txt file press the Send to File button on the Print Active Project Menu In the resulting display enter a file name and press Open to save the file Model 3451 7 17 Print Active Project Menu x System 1 Pass Download Gauge Avg 8186 Configuration Constants R Value 0 278 Standard System 2 Pass per Setup Counts Avg 1947 R Value 0 357 Project Stats Source Decay Moisture Pass Avg 1210 STAT Test Drift Test R Value 0 412 Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 12 Stat Test Display A Print Active Project Menu x System 1 Pass Download Gauge Avg 8213 Configuration Constants Drift 0 3293 Standard System 2 Pass EE Setup Counts Avg 1946 Drift 0 0514 Project Stats Source Decay Moisture Pass Avg 1209 STAT Test Drift 0 0827 gn Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 13 Drift Test Display 7 18 TROYLER RECOVER PROJECTS The Data Manager program includes tools to recover and manage project data directly from the gauge in case of an emergency such as the loss or failure of the PDA To access these tools press t
130. nnish e a kiss 7 9 7 20 Proctor valuisi ieii et eee Se sine 5 14 Profile E KE ge taria died A 18 Project Dass 3 19 Delete all from Data Manager 7 9 Disables ii ti tato 3 23 Download confteuratpon 7 12 Download data orion aii 7 7 Enable tias 3 23 Erratas bg lacoste T 3 22 Manase data ci it 7 6 Newest 3 19 NOLES italia lia 4 12 4 15 4 19 Prva VACA hoe suave eee di ah ke DNRC ula 7 9 7 20 RECOVER RN 7 19 Send to spreadsheet seiniin ne eon a es 7 9 7 21 View Om PDA ai A 3 21 View configuration using Data Manager 7 11 View data using Data Manager 7 8 View setup using Data Manager 7 13 View status using Data Manager 7 15 Index 6 A TROYLER Radiation REDER Ee ee Ee ENEE Oe ee e E Nee UE SAlety EE Asphalt E L ene EEN RT BEE Recalibrate ti it edel Recharge time iii tapada diia RECOVER Pra e EA EN e Reference standard block Regulations uti aia Canadian shipping mit tia U S Shipping cities Replace Gasketsia viste NiMH battery pack sans eis gegee e ee de A RoadReader Plus main men SAFE position tota de ie 3 5 Safety warnings European Countries G 3 Scraper plates siesta dll id 1 8 4 7 Send project to spreadabecet 7 9 7 21 LEE C 32 EDERT eer Eege EE e 111 Setup Model 3451 Index 7 Shighdings cain tah Ae ania ite A e ities B 5 A 7 Shipper s Declaration for Dangerous Goods oococccnocccocccocccnoncnnnoo D 2 Shipping Canadian requirements cc ceceessec
131. nrnvnrnrarerasersserssevseenr C 31 Returning the Gauge for Service ssnrrnnrnnvvnnnvnenvnrnrarvraserssevevenn C 32 Model 3451 Appendix C 1 po J le Cc GA ES m Ka I Q O Z o DIAGNOSTICS MENU The RoadReader Plus software includes a Diagnostics Menu see Figure C 1 that enables the operator to perform a stat test and a drift test as well as to calibrate the source rod depth strip To access these functions press the Gauge Tools button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 The software displays the Gauge Tools menu shown in Figure 3 17 Press Diagnostics to display the Diagnostics Menu STAT TEST Erratic readings or readings that seem to fluctuate may indicate a problem with the gauge If the readings are suspect perform a stat test or statistical stability test to validate the normal operation of the gauge A stat test consists of 20 one minute counts From the 20 counts the gauge calculates the standard deviation which is compared to a theoretical standard deviation value Ideally this ratio should be 0 354 with acceptable limits from 0 225 to 0 465 The gauge is considered unstable if the ratio is outside these limits and the stat test will fail If the stat test fails ensure that the gauge setup and testing was conducted correctly and take an additional test If the second test fails contact the nearest Troxler service center To access the Stat Test function press STAT Test
132. nsmission 150 mm Precision kg m Composition error kg m Surface error 1 25 mm 100 Void kg m Backscatter Precision kg m Composition error kg m Surface error 1 25 mm 100 Void kg m Moisture at 240 kg m Precision kg m Surface error 1 25 mm 100 Void kg m Appendix B 2 15 sec 5 2 8 0 18 0 15 sec 16 0 14 0 80 0 15 sec 11 0 19 0 lmin 4min 2 6 1 3 8 0 8 0 18 0 18 0 lmin 4min 8 0 4 0 14 0 14 0 80 0 80 0 lmin 4min 5 5 2 8 19 0 19 0 TROYLER U S Customary Units Density at 125 pcf Direct Transmission 6 in Precision pcf Composition error pcf Surface error 0 05 in 100 Void pct Backscatter Precision pcf Composition error pcf Surface error 0 05 in 100 Void pef Moisture at 15 pcf Precision pcf Surface error 0 05 in 100 Void pef Model 3451 15sec 1min 4min 0 32 0 156 0 08 0 50 0 50 0 50 1 1 1 1 1 1 15sec 1min 4min 1 0 0 50 0 25 0 87 0 87 0 87 15sec 1min 4min 0 69 0 34 0 17 1 2 1 2 1 2 Appendix B 3 w V D m Q a O gt 3 Oo z 7 THIN LAYER MODE Precision at 2240 kom 140 pc Time min Thickness 1 0 2 5 cm 1 0 in 5 0 cm 2 0 in 6 3 cm 2 5 in 10 0 cm 4 0 in 4 0 2 5 cm 1 0 in 5 0 cm 2 0 in 6 3 cm 2 5 in 10 0 cm 4 0 in kg m pef 1 0 0 60 0 50 0 5 0 50 0 30 0 25 0 25 Precis
133. nter and store a new target value as well as to view erase enable or disable a stored value To access this function press the Target button on the main menu see Figure 3 11 Depending on the current measurement mode Soil Asphalt or Thin Layer the PDA displays one of the two menus shown in Figure 5 14 In Soil mode the Target Menu is used to enter view erase enable or disable Proctor and percent air void values In the Asphalt and Thin Layer modes the Target Menu is used to manage the Marshall and voidless density values To manage a target value press the corresponding button on the Target Menu The PDA displays a menu similar to the one shown in Figure 5 15 NOTE Because the menus for managing the Proctor percent air voids Marshall and voidless density values are essentially the same the following sections describe only the Proctor Value Menu 5 14 TROYLER EAS Please make a selection Please make a selection Menu Help E Menu Help Ej Soil Mode Asphalt or Thin Layer Mode Figure 5 14 Target Menus Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 5 15 Proctor Value Menu Model 3451 5 15 SNE RED ARA dN LIS G ENTER A TARGET VALUE To enter a new target value press the New button on the Proctor Value Menu see Figure 5 15 As shown in Figure 5 16 the PDA displays its onscreen keyboard and requests the new value Enter the target value using the selected measurement units see pa
134. odel 3451 contains two sets of G M tubes for photon detection The set closest to the source rod is referred to as System I while the set farthest from the source rod is System 2 When the source rod is in the backscatter position the source and the detectors are on approximately the same plane Both System 1 and System 2 tube sets will primarily detect photons that have been scattered by the material as described in the Density theory of operation see page 2 2 However due to its greater distance from the source System 2 is more likely to detect scattered photons from deeper in the material than is System 1 The density measured by each system the factory calibration and mathematical modeling allow the 3451 gauge to determine the density of the top layer of material N I m O J lt O 7 O U fe Z Model 3451 2 5 CALIBRATION Troxler calibrates the 3451 gauge at the factory The calibration standards used represent average soil covering a density range of 1100 to 2700 kg m 70 to 170 pef Troxler also calibrates the Model 3451 for thin layer measurements The thin layer factory calibration covers a thickness range of 2 5 to 10 cm 1 0 to 4 0 in OFFSETS The factory calibration provides accurate results for the majority of materials found in the field If the gauge is to be used to test materials not covered by the factory calibration the readings can be adjusted using either an offset as descr
135. oject data from the PDA During the download the PDA displays Transmitting Data while the computer displays Downloading Project Info d Upon completion of the download Y The computer displays Project print complete Press the OK button to return to the Print Active Project Menu Y The PDA automatically returns to the RoadReader Plus main menu GAUGE CONSTANTS To view the gauge calibration constants press the Gauge Constants button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager software displays the constants as shown in Figure 7 7 7 12 TROYLER A Print Active Project Menu x E 3 25732899022801E 02 F 940919151424037 es Calibration Depth BS aaa Al 2 55590364356232 Project Setup CARE B1 1 25849124142812 C1 101209495401634 Project Stats Source Decay Calibration Depth 2 A2 5 65263199239333 B2 1 20506996539345 STAT Test Drift Test S C2 066112235031279 Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 7 Gauge Constants Display PROJECT SETUP The Data Manager enables the operator to view the configuration setup of the active project including the software version measurement units count time measurement mode target values and offset values To view the project configuration press the Project Setup button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager software displa
136. olume of the gauge beeper open or close the beeper s built in shutters 3 4 AXTROXLER SOURCE ROD POSITIONS As shown in Figure 3 3 the source rod can be placed in the SAFE backscatter or direct transmission positions When not taking measurements keep the source rod in the SAFE position When measuring thin layer or other materials through which you cannot drill a hole use the backscatter position In the direct transmission positions the source rod extends into a pre drilled hole AN NOTE The source rod should always be in the SAFE position when the gauge is not in use NOTE As shown below the Model 3451 is available with maximum source depths of 200 mm 8 in and 300 mm 12 in The index rod can be incremented at either 25 mm 1 in or 50 mm 2 in intervals SAFE POSITION Always use for storage Lis TRIGGER F BACKSCATTER POSITION V Q m 50 mm 2 in Se Z le e SOURCE NIE RD gt or S l gt DIRECT 5 TRANSMISSION 3 POSITIONS m o IBN KR Se H 300 mm 12 in or I i er 200 mm 8 in LE L E E Figure 3 3 Source Rod Positions Model 3451 3 5 BEFORE USING THE GAUGE AND PDA Before using the gauge and PDA for the first time d d 3 6 Review the Quick Start Guide provided with the PDA and become familiar with the use and operation of the unit Install the PDA battery pack as described in the Quick Start Guide
137. onal Air Transport Association OUATA D 1 International Atomic Energy Agency ARA D 1 K K value moisture offe 6 5 L Lea Edu AA deste 5 11 A 13 Dita ai is 3 16 5 13 Italo danserne bensin 3 16 5 12 DICES deet a eena EEN traders 1 3 A 14 Lubricating source rode C 28 Index 4 ATROXLER Manage AAA cdesterthaes en SEENEN ENEE 7 6 Manual depth mode AA 5 10 Marshall Value iii iii 5 14 Measurement specfeattong B 2 Mode AS pall basse bes sates lil raude 4 15 5 5 Backscatter dE 2 2 BacrEsCatl iii A A Ee 4 9 Concrete nda a 4 15 RI li O A eee 5 10 Direct transmission ocononnnccncnnnnnnononanicnicocononononanicicicinanones 2 2 4 7 MERCER II iv eebe 5 5 Solna aa 4 11 5 5 OR EE ic da 4 18 5 5 Mostrar idas 2 3 4 11 Offset ser 2 6 6 2 6 5 Monitoring personnel A 8 N INCULLONS iii ld 2 3 B 5 A 4 New prOJO Cdi iia 3 19 NiMH battery pack civic essa teaser C 24 Notes PO E 4 12 4 15 4 19 Windows functpon stiis nnise ioii ieties 3 10 O BI WEE GAGE Cite AES BATE CER AOE 2 6 Calibre EE EA 6 2 MIOS UE dai 2 6 6 2 6 5 Trial een ene 2 6 6 2 6 12 Wet density sunni entre erte 2 6 6 2 64 Options Gallina idas bibi oda C 30 PDA A ee C 31 Model 3451 Index 5 EE 1 8 Replacement iii C 29 PDA ee C 31 Percent ir Voids cain gs 5 14 POOL eege eege ee 2 2 A 4 Power switch EE 34 3 8 PDA A IN ER 3 8 Precauciones iva fa A 17 er e BE B 2 Print Project configurato eetarea ei nn nono eee 7 17 Project datan fi
138. onnel Only the gamma and neutron radiation from sealed sources contribute to any occupational radiation exposure Gamma rays photons are a type of electromagnetic radiation like X rays radio waves and visible light Photons have no mass or electrical charge and travel at the speed of light Gamma rays are energetic and penetrating Dense materials such as lead tungsten and so on provide the best shielding against gamma radiation Neutrons are a form of particulate radiation but unlike alpha and beta particles they have no electrical charge This makes neutron radiation very penetrating Fast neutrons lose energy primarily by so called billiard ball elastic collisions with the nuclei of low atomic number atoms especially hydrogen The best shielding materials for fast neutrons are those with a high hydrogen content such as water concrete and polyethylene Appendix A 4 AXTROYLER RADIATION SAFETY This section discusses the principles of general radiation safety This information includes specific procedures for operating inspecting cleaning and leak testing the gauge to ensure safe operation RADIATION DOSE Ionization cannot be detected by any of the human senses sight touch hearing smell However using appropriate instruments and devices ionization can be detected and measured at levels far below those that significantly affect health For purposes of radiation protection the basic unit of radiation dos
139. onoeieiiiis 3 23 Gauge Tools Men 3 24 Gauge Status Men 3 24 View Status Display 3 25 View Constants Display 3 25 Source Decay Men 3 27 GPS Location Display s es 3 28 Standard Meggie SNE e 42 Standard Count Position ranvrrnvvnnvvnvnrnenrervraverssevseenn 4 3 Standard Count Results 4 5 View Standard Screen 4 6 Drill Rod Assembly oooconccnnccnoccnocanocnconnconnccnnocnnocnonns 4 8 Marking the Test Area 4 8 Entering Project Notes 4 12 Count Results Soil Mode 4 13 Count Results Asphalt Mode 4 16 Gauge Positioned Around a Core Ste 4 18 AXTROYLER B Me LEE A A alle EEA Ga ta NN Rh a Feat Fe gt Fa RRO ONAN KNB WN eR NYDN P GA H ra O AN A dere Gs EC CR CH Cp On Cp OC Ch Ch Ch Ch Cp Ch CS Ra a be RR Mi D I zl Ch Li LIST OF FIGURES Continued Title Page Gauge Positioned Over Designated Test Site 4 19 Individual Count Results Thin Layer Mode 4 20 Averaged Count Results Thin Layer Mode 4 20 Change Settings Menu ooocoonccnncnnonnnonnnonnnnnn nina nonanonnnos 5 2 Gauge Setup Menu 5 2 View Setup Display 5 3 AAA IA 5 4 Mode Change Display oooconnconnnnononocononaconcconncnnnannos 5 6 Count Time Menu 5 7 Enter Code Menu escocia che des 5 8 Enter Customer Name Men 5 8 Change User Code Menu coccoconcccnoccnocononcnannnnnnnnnncnnnos 5 9 Depth Indicator Men 5 10 Leak Test Mediocre ods 5 11 Leak Test Interval Mem 5 12 Lea
140. onononononononanonononononononononononononinanonona 2 2 3 5 Site PLE PALAU ON EEN 4 7 Disable Le data 3 23 Target Value cueca siii lata d 5 18 Disposicion A 15 Download Project conftgeurapon nono i 7 12 Project d ta Lips iio nice leia eis eed anbe 7 7 Drift test rrn EE C 5 View Using Data Manager 7 17 Ree WEE 1 8 4 7 Dill fod ET cesicl eek ip 1 8 Emergency Drocedhures ina e aE Enable Project ut E NA EE at Target EE Encapsulation coat ees Enter target Values tai Erase Project EE Soil special calbratnon sissisota Target valde atada rita Thin layer special calibration Erratic readings civil ele European considerations ccc eeceecceeceeseeeeeeeeeeeesseceaecnseenseeees Exposure MUNE eiecit ereen ne iien Tenien eenn eedan Extraction tooho eiei ibi de Factory Calibration ita 2 6 6 2 Fix quality GPS EE 1 6 uge replacingsnn sussebass nuvi C 26 Model 3451 Index 3 Gamma TAY S sez Joes ete vette EERSTEN EA soundness B 5 A 4 Gaskets replacin cocina lata atte C 28 Gauge Setup Menu elias Li td oleh weeds 5 2 Stats UA a 3 24 TEMPE asii ia B 7 Gal Se DIDIER siii alli C 30 Geiger Mueller G M bes 2 2 Global positioning system OP 1 5 MAN A A ives 1 6 3 9 Location ii ce 3 28 H Haller it lidia 3 27 Halt value layer AV ici A 7 H zm t tr ming ade D 3 Helium 3 detector isidro isis lali Bees Ad de been 2 3 HU ii A en a AS B 7 I Inspection Dally seas tio 3 8 A 10 A A O ST A 9 LBE TEE 1 11 Internati
141. ow batteries into fires There is a risk of explosion Use caution when lifting moving and or carrying the gauge itis heavy See Appendix A for radiation safety instructions Model 3451 Appendix G 3 NOTES Appendix G 4 TROXLER A ACiehargerunasni de ea Meteth este aa eters 1 8 ACCESS CODE viciado tic esdebbut dace ltd llista XV ACCESSODICS Ee Leet Ee skadede 1 8 C 30 Accident notifications seisein et i E asi D 3 AN COCULACY eanan eeose a r a ere 2 6 4 2 ActiveSync PDA configuration oooocccncccooncnonnnonnnannnannnnnncnnncnnnoos 3 13 Adapter EE 1 8 Y uansett ket da heel dea 5 14 Alpha particles e uge nidad en cues A 4 American Society of Testing and Materials ASTM standards 1 3 Americium 241 beryllium Am 241 Bei 2 3 Asphalt Mode specifications ecrire itoten eiia eii ee B 2 Taking measurements ornvvnnnvnvnvnnnvvnnvvnvnvnenenenrasvraseraserassvsrenn 4 15 Atomic Energy Control Regulations ABC D 5 reeL A 2 Automatic Depth modes esse ecu unninn ee tata 5 10 Shutdown osses 1 3 3 17 4 14 4 17 4 21 B 6 B Back panelistas 34 Backscatter POSSIO ann a enes 2 2 3 5 SHE Preparation ii dt at 4 9 E EE 3 17 C 24 Ch rge Auen Kate eebe Ee EE C 24 B 6 Replace NIMH urna enki C 24 e ee B 6 Beep E isis 34 Beta particles nn dust ammende deemed dais A 4 Bluetooth PDA configuration eeeeseeeeseereeseeresrrrresrrrresreereses 3 14 Model 3451 Index 1 Calculator ii A ia
142. ow the steps below When taking counts after a core has been removed Troxler recommends averaging four one minute readings taken around the core site as shown in Figure 4 10 If no core has been removed place the gauge over the test site as shown in Figure 4 11 d Prepare the test site as described on page 49 for a backscatter measurement d Press the Take a Reading button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 Y The PDA displays Position the gauge for count 1 out of X and click OK where X is the selected number of readings per site CORE SITE ROMER DIRECTION OF ROLLERS Figure 4 10 Gauge Positioned Around a Core Site If Core Has Been Removed 4 18 A TROYLER KEEN Figure 4 11 Gauge Positioned Over Designated Test Site d Place the gauge on the test area and lower the source rod to the backscatter position Release the trigger Gently tap down on the handle over the source rod to lock the source into position You should hear a click when the source rod locks into position d When the gauge is in position press the OK button on the PDA While the gauge is taking a measurement the PDA displays the time remaining d After the count time the gauge collects the count information and GPS data and then transmits this data to the PDA Y The PDA displays the prompt Would you like to add project notes This enables the operator to enter proje
143. place the batteries see page C 24 Model 3451 Appendix C 11 SATISFACTORY COUNTS BUT RESULTS ARE IN ERROR Check that the calibration constants are valid Check to see if an offset density moisture trench or special is enabled Ensure the standard counts are correct SHORT BATTERY LIFE AFTER RECHARGING N NiMH batteries may be charged up to 500 or more full charge discharge cycles and typically have a 4 year life The batteries may be reaching the end of their life cycle and should be replaced Charger adapter may not be supplying full charge check the ac outlet and the de output 12 V de using a voltmeter on the proper setting Check that you are using the correct charger The ac charger may be defective To check use the dc adapter to charge the batteries Appendix C 12 LAT ERROR MESSAGES 4 inch 98 mm top layer thickness maximum value allowed This error can occur if the operator enters a thin layer thickness greater than 4 inches 98 mm while performing a thin layer special calibration Checksum Error After every command that is transmitted received the gauge sends a checksum to the PDA to confirm that the data transmitted received is valid 9 J le GA E m Ka I Q O z o Possible causes Y PDA is not within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Object in the way of the transmitter receiver Critical error number XX has occurred This error message can occur when ill
144. plays an information screen then requests a project name Enter a descriptive name for the project using the PDA s Block Recognizer Keyboard Letter Recognizer or Transcriber functions For more information on these functions refer to the documentation provided with the PDA Press the Ok button when finished The PDA displays the confirmation message Gauge configuration has been set according to your specifications Press ok to continue VIEW PROJECT The Model 3451 allows the operator to view measurement data stored in any of the defined project files To view project data press the View button on the Project Menu see Figure 3 12 The PDA displays the Project File Selector screen shown in Figure 3 14 To select a project press the project file name twice The PDA displays the measurement data stored in the project as shown in Figure 3 15 The data is stored sequentially with the earliest measurement listed first To scroll through the data press the scroll bar using the stylus If the selected project contains no measurement data the display will be blank Press the Done button to return to the Project Menu NOTE The View Project function is intended to view measurement data To view setup information for the active project use the View Status function described on page 3 25 and the View Setup function described on page 5 3 Q m zl 3 z o Ku zl gt Ka m D Model 3451 3 21 EF Project File S
145. project double click its name on the list The software displays the data stored in the project see Figure 7 4 A Manage Project Data Menu x Project Project name thin Serial number 3 Date Time 8 26 03 2 22 35 PM Mode Thin Lift Units pcf Index rod 1 inch Count time 15 seconds Number of TL counts 1 TL thickness 1 5 inch Latitude 35 55 13 8 Longitude 078 52 38 0 Fix Type DGPS Target Marshall 128 0 Wet density pcf Moist content pcf Moisture Target Air voids 17696 Mode ratio 2803 Target Voidless 8127 Exit to Main g Send Project to Spreadsheet Send All Projects to Spreadsheet Please make a selection Figure 7 4 View a Project Display A TROYLER PRINT VIEWED PROJECT To print the project data that is currently displayed press the Print Viewed Project button on the Manage a Project menu The software sends the project data to the default printer DELETE ALL PROJECTS To delete all projects currently stored on the computer press the Delete All Projects button on the Manage a Project menu The software displays the prompt You have indicated that you wish to permanently erase all the projects Click OK to delete all the projects Press OK to delete the projects or Cancel to return to the Manage a Project menu without deleting SEND PROJECT TO SPREADSHEET The Data Manager software can send data from a selected project or all pro
146. provided with the unit NOTE If the PDA battery pack is completely discharged charge the PDA for 4 hours before use NOTE Because of the advanced features installed in the PDA its battery life is approximately 6 hours Troxler recommends charging the PDA battery pack when the unit is not in use As listed below additional PDA battery packs and a battery pack charger kit are available from Troxler and are recommended Part Description 110705 PDA Battery Pack Lithium Ion Spare 110709 PDA Battery Pack Charger Kit Refer to the Quick Start Guide provided with the PDA for more information on charging and or changing the battery pack CAUTION DO NOT change the Regional Settings in the PDA If these settings are changed the RoadReader Plus software in the PDA will be unable to calculate test results TROYLER Y If desired follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide provided with the PDA to install the Microsoft ActiveSync software included on the Pocket PC Companion CD provided with the unit The ActiveSync software enables the user to link the PDA to the computer when using applications other than the Troxler Data Manager software NOTE Before installing the Troxler Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP software ensure that the computer meets the system requirements listed on page 7 4 d Install the Troxler Data Manager PDA to PC Model 3451 for Windows XP software as follows Refer to Chapter 7
147. r RSO 2 Initiate a search for the source starting at the location where the gauge was last used 3 Report lost or missing radioactive sources to the state or federal radiation control agency in accordance with applicable regulatory requirements Contact the Troxler Radiation Safety Department for further advice gt Ka gt z gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 9 DAILY INSPECTION The gauge should be inspected daily before use to ensure proper operation of all safety features as follows v The source rod opening in the bottom of the gauge is equipped with a spring loaded tungsten sliding block that shuts when the source rod is in the SAFE shielded position To check the operation of the sliding block push the source rod down into the backscatter position see Figure 3 3 on page 3 5 and then raise it back to the SAFE position You should hear a click as the sliding block snaps shut Turn the gauge over and verify that the sliding block is shut If any portion of the opening is uncovered the tungsten sliding block and fixed tungsten block should be cleaned before using transporting or storing the gauge Refer to page A 11 for instructions on cleaning the sliding and fixed blocks NOTE The bottom edge of the tungsten sliding block is beveled as shown in Figure A 3 on page A 12 As a result there may appear to be a slight opening when the sliding block is closed However you should hear
148. r Regulatory Commission NRC or an Agreement State licensing agency Detailed information on obtaining a license is contained in the Troxler Licensing Guide Copies of this guide are available from Troxler or can be downloaded from the Troxler website www troxlerlabs com To purchase a nuclear gauge in Canada an owner must obtain a license from the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission CNSC The owner should obtain copies of the CNSC Regulations and the Transportation of Dangerous Goods Act and Regulations For other countries please consult your local regulatory agency TRAINING In the United States anyone working with or near radioactive materials must complete a radiation safety training course to be designated an authorized user Authorized users must be trained in the precautions and procedures to minimize radiation exposure applicable regulatory requirements and the operating emergency maintenance and transportation procedures for the gauge Troxler offers training classes designed to meet regulatory agency training requirements for nuclear gauge users DISPOSAL A nuclear gauge contains licensed radioactive material At the end of a gauge s service life it must not be discarded as ordinary trash recycled as scrap material or abandoned Instead a nuclear gauge must be transferred to an authorized recipient licensed by the NRC or an Agreement State For further information on gauge disposal contact Troxler EMERGENCY
149. radiation safety contact your company radiation safety officer RSO or the nearest Troxler representative NOTE Pressing the Exit button on the main menu shuts down the RoadReader Plus software and commands the gauge to power off B lzen RoadReader Plu 2 11 46 GPS Enabled File Help Figure 3 11 RoadReader Plus Software Main Menu 3 18 A TROYLER PROJECT FILES The Model 3451 stores measurement results in files called projects which are named by the operator The Project function allows the operator to create a new project view project data erase projects enable a project make an existing project active so that additional data may be added to it or disable the active project NOTE The gauge will not take a reading unless a project has been created and is active To access the Project function press Project Access on the main menu see Figure 3 11 The PDA displays the Project Menu shown in Figure 3 12 When checked the Disable Storage to Gauge check box prevents the PDA from storage measurement data to the gauge for storage following a reading The Disable Project Notes check box disables the Would you like to add project notes prompt that otherwise is displayed following a measurement The following sections describe the other functions available from the Project Menu NOTE The Project function cannot be used to enter target values offsets or special calibrations For information on entering target
150. ration A partial calibration allows the operator to enter the true density or take readings at different times MEASURING THE DENSITY To create a new special calibration press New at the Special Calibration Menu If no partial calibration exists the PDA displays Place the gauge on the measurement site lower the gauge to the proper depth and click OK Place the gauge on the test site and position the source rod in the desired measurement position NOTE When using destructive methods such as drilling cores or sample removal for true density measurement take gauge readings before removing samples Position the gauge over the designated test site as in Figure 6 14 Model 3451 6 15 KEEN Figure 6 14 Gauge Positioned Over Designated Test Site Press OK to begin the measurement The PDA displays Special Count in Progress as well as the time remaining in seconds Upon completion of the count the PDA collects the counts stores the partial calibration and displays Partial calibration saved Press New again to enter true density value Press ok to return to the Special Calibration Menu ENTERING TRUE DENSITY To enter the true density after a partial offset has been stored press the New button on the Special Calibration Menu The PDA displays A partial special calibration exists Do you wish to enter the true density value gt To enter the true density press Yes The PDA requests the true den
151. ress the OK button to erase the target value or the Cancel button to maintain the value in memory The PDA displays a confirmation message Press the ok button to return to the Target Menu EF Proctor File Selector 11 12 Troxler Abort Press Abort to exit Menu Figure 5 17 Proctor File Selector Model 3451 5 17 a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt J Q Y m Z Cc Wa ENABLE A TARGET VALUE To enable a target value stored in memory press the Enable button on the Target Menu see Figure 5 15 The PDA displays the target value selector menu as shown in Figure 5 17 To enable a target value press the file name twice The PDA displays a confirmation message Press the Ok button to return to the Proctor Value Menu DISABLE THE TARGET VALUE To disable the target value press the Disable button on the Proctor Value Menu see Figure 5 15 The PDA requests confirmation that the target value is to be disabled Press the No button to return to the Proctor Value Menu without disabling the target value Press the Yes button to disable the target value The PDA disables the target value and displays a confirmation message Press the ok button to return to the Proctor Value Menu NOTE The 3451 gauge can be used with the target value disabled In this case however no percent compaction value will be displayed 5 18 TROYLER CHAPTER 6 ADJUSTING MEASUREMENTS This chapter explains how to a
152. ront Back Left Side Right Side Top Bottom NOTES 1 All tabulated values are in units of mrem hr 2 Gamma measurements performed using a Bicron Micro Rem survey meter serial B464Y calibrated March 28 2003 3 Neutron measurements performed using a Nuclear Research Corporation NP 2 survey meter serial NP183404 calibrated February 11 2003 4 Dose equivalent rates for 8 mCi Cs 137 and 40 mCi Am 241 Be 5 Surface means surface of the gauge or surface of the transport case gt Ka gt y gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 19 NOTES Appendix A 20 A TROXLER APPENDIX B 3451 SPECIFICATIONS This appendix contains gauge and measurement specifications for the Troxler Model 3451 Enhanced RoadReader Plus CONTENTS Measurement Specifications oooooocnnocnnocononononoconacnnananonancrnnconn conan B 2 Soil and Asphalt Modes coooconccnoconocnnocnnoonononcnnnconnconnoronocnnocns B 2 Thin Layer Mode iia B 4 Radiological Specifications ooooonoonnncnnnnconnconnconnnnnncnano nac crnccona conan B 5 Electrical Specifications ooooonnocnnncnnocononononononcnnncnnnnnnn crac nonaconn conan B 6 Mechanical Specifications ooooonnocnnocononononononoconoconaconoconncnnncnn conan B 7 Model 3451 Appendix B 1 w V D m Q a O gt 3 O z 7 MEASUREMENT SPECIFICATIONS SOIL AND ASPHALT MODES SI Units Density at 2000 kg m Direct Tra
153. s of the last stat test as shown in Figure C 5 To scroll through the data press the scroll bar using the stylus Press Done to return to the STAT Test Menu Model 3451 Appendix C 3 9 D le Cc GA FE m Ka I Q O z o View STAT Counts CESE 23 STAT Test Menu d 3 19 Confirm No D1 D2 Moist gt System 1 FAIL Avg 8164 R Value 0 580 System 2 Pass Avg 1946 R Value 0 323 Moisture FAIL Avg 1208 R Value 0 488 Figure C 3 View Stat Counts Figure C 4 Stat Test Results Accept this STAT Test er ES Review STAT Test d 2 29 Press Done to continue Menu Ej Figure C 5 Review Stat Test Appendix C 4 A TROYLER DRIFT TEST If the gauge passes the stat test but shows long term drift between measurements perform a drift test to check the long term drift A drift test consists of five counts taken 3 8 hours after a stat test The gauge sets the pass fail limits based on the percent difference between the average of the stat test and drift test results If the percent difference exceeds 0 5 percent for density counts or 1 percent for moisture counts the drift test fails If the drift test fails ensure that the gauge setup and testing were conducted correctly and take an additional test If the second test fails call the nearest Troxler service center for assistance NOTE The drift test consists of five 4 minute count whereas the stat test consists of twenty
154. s two modes of operation direct transmission mode with the source rod extended into the material to be measured and backscatter mode with the source rod in the backscatter position Source rod positions are described in Chapter 3 Direct transmission mode is used on materials with layers four inches thick or more This mode is most commonly used on soils but can also be used to measure asphalt and concrete In the direct transmission position the source rod extends through the base of the gauge into a pre drilled hole to a desired depth Photons from the cesium 137 Cs 137 source in the source rod pass through the test material While passing through the test material the photons collide with electrons and lose energy A high material density increases the probability of these photon collisions This decreases the number of photons that reach the Geiger Mueller G M detectors in the base of the gauge Thus the number of photons reaching the detectors is inversely related to the density of the material the higher the density of the material the fewer the photons that reach the detectors Using the gauge calibration the gauge software converts the G M detector counts to a density value Backscatter mode is used on concrete asphalt and soil layers approximately four inches thick In the backscatter position the source rod is lowered to the first notch below the SAFE shielded position This places the source and the detectors in the s
155. sity see Figure 6 15 Enter the true density and press Ok The PDA requests a file name for the special calibration see Figure 6 16 Enter a file name up to 20 characters and press Ok The name should be as descriptive as possible to ensure that the special calibration value can be easily identified The PDA displays Special calibration saved Do you wish to activate this special calibration Press Yes to activate the special calibration or No to continue The PDA returns to the Special Calibration Menu gt To erase the existing partial calibration and start a new one press No The PDA asks Do you want to erase the current partial calibration Press Yes to erase the stored partial calibration and begin a new density measurement as described above or No to return to the Special Calibration Menu 6 16 ATROXLER EF Input true density d 2 53 EF Enter file name Input true density Enter file name Input the true density in pcf Special calibration is complete Enter a name for this special Cancel cal 20 chars max E disable mi disable E TET el Ele CET AL Hen El Figure 6 15 Input Figure 6 16 Enter File Name True Density o O i Qo E 3 e View a Special Calibration To view the value of a special calibration stored in memory press View on the Special Calibration Menu The PDA displays the Special File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 1
156. ss the Done button The PDA sets the new value and returns to the Leak Test Menu a Wa u Cc Ke Qo gt ba G Y m Z Cc Wa NOTE The month and day must each be entered as two digit numerals with leading zeroes as required The year must be entered as a four digit numeral For example to set the leak test date to April 8 2005 enter 04 08 2005 EF Leak Test Date Menu 10 50 Last Leak Test Date New Leak Test Date Press Done to continue Menu Help Ej Figure 5 13 Leak Test Date Menu Model 3451 5 13 TARGET Target values include Proctor percent air voids Marshall and voidless density values The gauge uses the Proctor value to calculate the compaction level when taking counts in the Soil mode The gauge uses the specific gravity of the material to calculate percent air voids and void ratio The gauge uses a default value of 2 7 which may not be appropriate for all soil types If the true percent air voids is desired a specific gravity for the soil being measured must be entered The gauge uses the Marshall and or voidless density values to calculate the compaction level in the Asphalt and Thin Layer modes The voidless density is the maximum theoretical density for the test material as obtained in laboratory tests The gauge uses the target values to determine the percent compaction after it has determined the density of the test material The Target function enables the operator to e
157. sseceseceeceseeseeceseeeseeeeneeenes D 5 EE 1 8 B 7 B 5 US E ICT D 2 Site Preparing testi acting ot een ess 4 7 Standard KO 4 2 Soil Mode specifications liinda B 2 Special calibration se Dees Ee eegZA NEE dee Sheet ee 6 14 e E e EE 5 14 Taking measurements snoer nienean e niae kEi is 4 11 ON E B 5 Americium 241 beryllium Am 241 Bei 2 3 3 27 ENEE KENE E EE 2 2 3 27 BE 3 27 7 15 Encapsulation oncon sonene n na A 8 G mm E B 5 INGULE OM O TN B 5 Rodinsp ct ni iii Ee AE A 9 Rod lubrication unrated bustete C 28 Rod POSICION Sisi die 3 5 Shielding ege ue ugedoe Ae EE ee B 5 A 7 Special Calibration eut NEEN ENEE EENS NENNEN Ee 6 14 SOG aon a Ed Th EE a eee 6 14 RE 2 6 Thin Tay A A EI 6 20 Special European considerations oooonocococononoconoconaconncanncnnncana nino G 1 Specific gravity SOL Lunestad 5 14 Ne NS B 1 Standard Gent srie nideien an eari e eaa ioe ips 4 2 RE E 1 News ER 43 VICW COUNTS Luna Sera AT 4 6 View counts using Data Manager 7 13 KEE C 2 View Using Data Manager 7 17 System Windows desktop 3 12 System requirements eenrnrvrarnrrrvnrrevrvenvnsnvnenvnnnvernrasvraserasevasensssnne 74 Index 8 AXTROYLER Taking measurements 0 eee ceeceeeceseeeeeeeeeeeeseeeaeeeaaecnaecnaeenaaees 4 10 Target vallenata a 5 14 DA O ette 5 18 Enable egene eee ae Saeras 5 18 Enter kassa 5 16 Brasa T 5 17 VIEW sne ette 5 17 Rs Sees B 7 Test DA eames C 5 Es id 5 11 ILE PTE PALAU OM E 4 7 A NO C
158. surements Place the gauge on the standard block in this position Press the OK button on the PDA The PDA displays the progress of the standard count operation After the standard count is complete the PDA displays the results as shown in Figure 6 12 To enable the new trench offset press the Yes button The PDA displays Trench offset enabled Press the Ok button to return to the Trench Offset Select screen gt To reject the new trench offset press the No button The PDA displays Trench offset measurement rejected Press the ok button to return to the Trench Offset Select screen o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e EF Trench Offset Select 11 40 Confirm New Trench Offset TMO 37 TDO 24 TDO 56 Want to accept Please make a selection Menu Help E Figure 6 12 New Trench Offset Confirmation Model 3451 6 13 SPECIAL CALIBRATION The Special Calibration features allow the operator to recalibrate Model 3451 soil and thin layer readings Special calibrations are specific for the test material and measurement depth To access these features press the Change Settings button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 on page 3 18 The PDA displays the Change Settings menu shown in Figure 5 1 on page 5 2 In Soil mode the PDA can activate a special calibration for each source rod depth NOTE A soil special calibration is active only at the source rod depth at which it was
159. tamination occurs involving shipment of radioactive materials HAZMAT TRAINING The U S DOT regulations require every hazmat employer to train test certify and maintain records for each hazmat employee Hazmat training applies to anyone who transports or prepares for transport radioactive materials Refresher training is required every three years zi Ka E Z Ka VU O Ka tr gt O Z Model 3451 Appendix D 3 a sm EE EE EE Type A Package Testing Results for Model 3451 Water Spray Test Subject the package to a water spray simulating rainfall of approximately 2 inches per hour for 1 continuous hour Results Engineering evaluation Water exposure of the magnitude required by the regulations would not affect the shielding or containment integrity of the package Vibration Test The package was vibrated with a displacement of 0 1 at approximately 12 Hz for a period of 24 continuous hours Results No physical damage to the package was observed Free Drop Test The package was dropped from a height of 4 feet onto a non yielding surface from a position to cause maximum damage to the package I U I U I U I U U U i i U U I U U U I U I I 1 1 I I U I I I I I I U U I I U I U I I I U I U U U U U I U I U I U U I U I I U I U I I I I I I I 1 I U I I I I I U I I I U I U I I 1 I I I I I I l l j Results The case was scratched due to the abrasiveness of the i I 1
160. text to indicate information or messages displayed on the PDA or computer Diamonds indicate a list of things needed such as equipment or things to know Check marks indicate the performance of an action With lists of check marks follow the instructions in the order of the check marks Triangles indicate that more than one option is available Carefully select the option that applies vi NOTES TROXLER TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO THE MODEL 3451 Introductions it ia 1 2 Global Positioning System Accuracy cooococococococonoconononcnannnnnncnnccnnnos 1 5 Gauge Parts and Accessories ooooooconoconococonononononononcnano nac nrnncrnn conan 1 8 Unpacking and Inspection ooooocnoconoconocaconaconncanncnncnnnnnrnn nono nonnnoon 1 11 CHAPTER 2 THEORY OF OPERATION Density EE 2 2 INTO IS E data kin dater 2 3 Tania ri 2 5 REH Te EE 2 6 CHAPTER 3 GETTING STARTED Model 3451 Illustration ooooonononononononononononononononononononononononononos 3 3 Source Rod POSItiONS eisni tae e e ianen a eri i aE 3 5 Before Using the Gauge and PIA 3 6 Turning the Gauge and PDA On 3 8 Troxler Ment sia ise 3 10 RoadReader Plus Main Men 3 16 Project FUES uned 3 19 SUS iia 3 24 CHAPTER 4 USING THE GAUGE Taking a Standard Count coooooonoccnocononcconaconcconncnnnccnoconccnnncnnncnnccnnnos 4 2 Preparing a Test Sitenin cesit ietan aeia a EEEE E tel Ae 4 7 Taking Measurements 4 10 CHAPTER 5 SETUP
161. the View Project Configuration button on the Main Menu see Figure 7 1 From the resulting menu see Figure 7 6 the operator can Download the active project from the PDA View the gauge calibration constants project setup and status standard counts source decay and results of stat and drift tests Print project configuration data Save the configuration data as a text xt file A Print Active Project Menu ES E Gauge E Constants Project Setup Sende Project Stats Source Decay YADVNVW VIVA 2 Please download the currently active project Figure 7 6 Print Active Project Menu Model 3451 7 11 DOWNLOAD CONFIGURATION NOTE To download data from the PDA to the computer the PDA must be powered on with the RoadReader Plus application started as described on page 3 8 To download the configuration data for the active project press the Download Configuration button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager software displays the prompt shown in Figure 7 3 As directed Y Using the serial cable PN 110693 provided with the PDA connect the PDA to the computer s serial port Y On the PDA press the Gauge Tools button on the RoadReader Plus main menu see Figure 3 11 The software displays the Gauge Tools menu shown in Figure 3 17 Press the Link to PC button The PDA displays Waiting for command d On the computer press the OK button to download the pr
162. the Model 3451 is equipped with a global positioning system GPS receiver that provides accurate information on the location latitude and longitude of the gauge This information is stored with each gauge measurement The GPS receiver used in the Model 3451 has Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS capabilities which provides accuracy to within 3 m 10 ft However the accuracy is dependent upon the user s location and other factors as described below sch D O U CH O Z The global positioning system GPS is a satellite based navigation system that consists of 24 satellites and a network of ground stations that monitor and control those satellites The satellites orbit the earth at an altitude of approximately 11 000 miles and constantly transmit signal information back to earth A GPS receiver uses this information to determine its location To determine its latitude and longitude a GPS receiver must receive the signals from at least three satellites On average the receiver used in the Model 3451 gauge is accurate to with 15 m approximately 50 ft when receiving GPS data alone However the WAAS capabilities can increase the accuracy to within 3 m 10 ft as shown in Table 1 1 The accuracy of GPS information can be affected by a number of atmospheric forces and other conditions The Wide Area Augmentation System WAAS corrects for these factors by placing GPS receivers at 25 known precisely surveyed locat
163. the Offset File Selector screen as shown in Figure 6 9 To view an offset value press the offset file name twice The PDA displays an information block showing the file name and moisture offset K value Press OK to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen Erase a Stored Moisture Offset To erase a moisture offset press the Erase button on the Moisture Offset Select screen see Figure 64 The PDA displays the Offset File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 9 To erase an offset value press the offset file name twice The PDA displays the prompt shown in Figure 6 10 Press OK to erase the project file The PDA displays Moisture offset XXX has been erased Press ok to continue gt Ifthe erased project was not previously active the PDA returns to the Moisture Offset Select screen gt Ifthe erased project was previously active the PDA displays The moisture offset named XXX has been disabled Press ok to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen gt Press Cancel to exit without erasing the project file The PDA displays The moisture offset named XXX will not be erased Press ok to return to the Moisture Offset Select screen 6 10 TROYLER A otrset File Selector 11 34 Information You have indicated that you wish to erase PERMANENTLY the moisture offset file named Troxler Click OK to confirm that you wish to erase this file Press Abort to continue Menu E Figure 6 10
164. the PDA connect the PDA to the computer s serial port d On the PDA press the Gauge Tools button to display the Gauge Tools menu see Figure 3 17 on page 3 24 Press the Link to PC button The PDA displays Waiting for command d On the computer press the OK button to download the project data from the PDA During the download the PDA displays Transmitting Data while the computer displays Receiving Project X of XX N D gt gt gt gt Q m d Upon completion of the download d The computer displays Project collection complete Press OK to return to the Manage a Project menu d The PDA displays Project data has been sent to the PC and should be removed from the PDA Remove this project data Press Yes to delete the project data and continue If you press No the data will remain in the PDA and will be duplicated the next time project data is downloaded to the Data Manager program Model 3451 7 7 Connect PDA to PC a Connect the PDA to the PC with the supplied serial cable Make sure the PDA is turned ON Press the Link to PC button on the PDA Main Menu Press the OK button to continue or Cancel to exit Cancel Figure 7 3 Connect PDA to PC Prompt VIEW A PROJECT To view all of the measurement data for a project press the View a Project button on the Manage a Project menu The software displays a list of the projects currently stored on the computer To select a
165. the file name twice The PDA displays an information block showing the file name and calibration values Press Ok to return to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu Erase a Thin Layer Special Calibration To erase a thin layer special calibration press the Erase button on the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu see Figure 6 21 The PDA displays the Thin Lift File Selector screen shown in Figure 6 26 e O Q go 2 2 3 S Z To erase a special calibration press the file name twice The PDA displays the prompt shown in Figure 6 27 EF thin Lift File Selector 3 10 EF thin Lift File Selector 3 11 TL Special Cal 3 Information Lg Gas Cal 5 You have indicated that TL Special Cal 1 you wish to erase PERMANENTLY the thin lift calibration file named TL Special Cal 1 Click OK to confirm that you wish to erase this file Press Abort to exit Press Abort to exit Menu E Menu Ej Figure 6 26 Thin Lift Figure 6 27 Thin Lift Special File Selector Calibration Erase Prompt Model 3451 6 25 Press OK to erase the thin layer special calibration file The PDA displays Thin layer calibration XXX has been erased Press ok to continue gt Ifthe erased project was not previously active the PDA returns to the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu gt Ifthe erased project was previously active the PDA displays The thin layer calibration XXX has been deactivated Press ok to return to the Thin Lift
166. the software checks the leak test interval and the date of the last leak test stored in the PDA memory see page 5 11 If the leak test interval has been exceeded the software displays Warning Leak test is due If this warning appears perform a leak test see page A 13 and update the leak test date see page 5 13 Press the Ok button to continue The software then checks the date of the last gauge calibration If the gauge is due for calibration the software displays Warning Calibration is due If this warning appears Troxler recommends returning the gauge and PDA to the nearest service center refer to page C Error Bookmark not defined for calibration Press the ok button to continue The software then communicates with the gauge to check the status of the gauge battery If the PDA cannot establish communications with the gauge the PDA displays Error Checking Battery Voltage If this error message is displayed Y Check that the gauge is powered on Y Ensure that the gauge was powered on before the RoadReader Plus software was started Y Ensure that the PDA is within 4 6 m 15 ft of the gauge Y Verify the PDA s Bluetooth communications configuration as described on page 3 14 Y Verify the PDA s ActiveSync configuration as described on page 3 13 3 16 AXTROYLER Once the PDA establishes communications with the gauge the software displays the status of the gauge s nickel metal hydride NiMH batteries as s
167. tion licensed to provide leak test kits to licensees and to analyze leak test samples To perform a leak test use the Troxler Model 3880 Leak Test Kit PN 102868 and accompanying instructions to perform the following procedure d Write the gauge model and serial number on the wipe disk Y Ensure that the source rod is latched in the SAFE shielded position Y Wipe the area where the plastic top shell joins the metal base on both sides of the gauge This is the location nearest the Am 241 Be source Y Turn the gauge on its side and locate the opening on the bottom of the gauge through which the source rod would protrude Y Holding the wipe disk with the tongs wipe around and in this opening This is the area nearest the Cs 137 source Y Pack the disk in the envelope as instructed in the leak test kit and mail to Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc for analysis d Secure the gauge properly gt Ka gt z gt zl O Z 4 I m O Ka lt Model 3451 Appendix A 13 REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS This section summarizes the licensing and training requirements that pertain to ownership or operation of a nuclear gauge This section also provides information on the proper disposal of the gauge as well as emergency procedures to follow if the gauge is lost stolen or damaged LICENSING In the United States possession and use of the radioactive materials in a nuclear gauge require a license issued by the U S Nuclea
168. tude O Longitude O Fix Quality GPS fix Marshall Target Marshall Wet Density 155 8 pcf Moist Content 22 9 pcf Moisture 17 23 Voids Target Voids DCL 8184 DCA 3553 MC 439 Ds1 8127 DS2 2019 MS 1134 Figure 4 9 Count Results Asphalt Mode 4 16 A TROYLER NOTE If the gauge is unable to obtain GPS data after taking a count it will still send the count results to the PDA and the results will be stored in the active project d Lift the gauge from the test site by the source rod handle This returns the source rod to the SAFE shielded position When not taking readings always keep the source rod in the SAFE position If you do not hear a click when the gauge is raised to the SAFE position look at the bottom of the gauge to verify that the tungsten sliding block is completely closed If the gauge base opening is not completely closed by the sliding block the sliding block may require cleaning Refer to page A 11 for cleaning instructions A WARNING Do not store or transport the gauge unless the sliding block is completely closed Increased radiation levels may cause excessive personnel radiation exposure and may violate transportation regulations NOTE To preserve battery life the gauge shuts down automatically after five hours of inactivity gt 2 z o I m Q gt Q m Model 3451 4 17 THIN LAYER MODE To measure the density of a top layer of asphalt foll
169. uge takes five 4 minute counts Upon completion the PDA displays the raw counts see Figure C 7 When finished reviewing the counts press Continue The PDA displays the average counts for each system and indicates if the test passed or failed as shown in Figure C 8 Press Yes to accept the drift test results or No to reject them The PDA displays a confirmation message Press Ok to return to the Drift Test Menu Reviewing the Drift Test To review the results of the most recent drift test press the Review Drift Test button on the Drift Test Menu The PDA displays the results of the last drift test as shown in Figure C 9 To scroll through the data press the scroll bar using the stylus Press Done to return to the Drift Test Menu Appendix C 6 TROXLER Drift Test Results System 1 PASS Avg 8213 Drift 0 3293 System 2 PASS Avg 1946 Drift 0 0514 Moisture PASS Avg 1209 Drift 0 0827 Accept this Drift Test Menu Figure C 7 View Drift Counts Figure C 8 Drift Test Results 9 D le Cc GA FE m Ka I Q je a Z o Figure C 9 Review Drift Test Model 3451 Appendix C 7 CALIBRATE DEPTH STRIP To calibrate the depth strip press the Calibrate Depth Strip button on the Diagnostics Menu see Figure C 1 The PDA displays the message Depth Verification Set rod to BS and press OK Set the source rod to the backscatter position and press the OK button on the
170. xposure are Time Distance Shielding Time The simplest way to reduce exposure is to minimize the time spent around a radioactive source If the time spent near a source is cut in half then the exposure is halved all other factors remaining constant Distance Distance is another effective means to reduce radiation exposure A formula known as the inverse square law relates the radiation exposure rate to distance Figure A 2 Doubling the distance from a radiation source reduces the exposure to one fourth its original value If the distance is tripled then the exposure is reduced by a factor of nine and so on Appendix A 6 AXTROYLER RADIOACTIVE SOURCE Figure A 2 Effect of Distance on Exposure Shielding Shielding is any material used to reduce the radiation exposure rate from a radioactive source The 3451 gauge has some built in shielding which reduces the exposure rate When gauges are in storage additional shielding may be necessary to keep exposure to personnel in adjacent areas below the dose limits for members of the public The thickness of any material that reduces the incident radiation intensity by one half is known as the half value layer HVL The HVL of a material varies with the type and energy of radiation The HVL values of certain common shielding materials are shown below for gamma and fast neutron radiation Cs 137 Gamma Half Value Layer Lead does not provide any effective shielding of
171. xpress is a registered trademark of the Federal Express Corporation Intermec is a registered trademark of Intermec Technologies Corp Magnalube G is a registered trademark of Carleton Stuart Corporation Microsoft Windows Windows XP Excel and ActiveSync are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation RoadReader is a trademark of Troxler Electronic Laboratories Inc WD 40 is a registered trademark of the WD 40 Company PN 110399 July 2009 Edition 3 1 i A TROXLER TROXLER SERVICE CENTERS Troxler Corporate Headquarters 3008 Cornwallis Road P O Box 12057 Research Triangle Park NC 27709 Phone 1 877 TROXLER 1 877 876 9537 Outside the U S A 1 919 549 8661 Fax 1 919 549 0761 Web www troxlerlabs com Technical Support Phone 1 877 TROXLER 1 877 876 9537 E mail TroxTechSupport troxlerlabs com Florida Service Center 2376 Forsyth Road Orlando FL 32807 Fax 407 681 3188 Texas Service Center 2016 East Randol Mill Road Suite 406 Arlington TX 76011 Fax 817 275 8562 Illinois Service Center 1430 Brook Drive Downers Grove IL 60515 Fax 630 261 9341 Northern California Service Center 11300 Sanders Drive Suite 7 Rancho Cordova CA 95742 Fax 916 631 0541 Troxler European Subsidiary Troxler Electronics GmbH Gilchinger Strasse 33 D 82239 Alling nr Munich Germany Phone 49 8141 71063 Fax 49 8141 80731 E mail troxler t online de NOT
172. yer special calibration uses the average of 3 to 20 measurements Troxler recommends averaging one minute readings taken on a test site see Figure 6 14 on page 6 16 or around a core site as shown in Figure 6 20 This average and the density obtained by another method such as core samples are used to re calculate the gauge constants To access the Thin Lift Special Calibration function press the Special Calibration button on the Change Settings menu see Figure 5 1 The PDA displays the Thin Lift Special Calibration menu shown in Figure 6 21 The following sections provide details on the Thin Lift Special Calibration function an tes mn CORE SITE lt E PO DIRECTION OF ROLLERS Figure 6 20 Taking Measurements Around a Core Site 6 20 A TROYLER Eg thin Lift Special Calibra d 3 02 TE enano gea Please make a selection Menu Help Ej Figure 6 21 Thin Lift Special Calibration Menu o O i Ro 2 E 2 7 e Create a New Thin Layer Special Calibration To create a thin layer special calibration the operator must take readings with the gauge and enter the true densities for each reading The gauge uses these values to calculate the thin layer special calibration constants The Model 3451 can store one partial calibration A partial calibration allows the operator to enter the asphalt parameters and take readings at different times MEASURING THE D
173. ys the active setup as shown in Figure 7 8 N D gt ar gt gt gt Q m J STANDARD COUNTS To view the results of the most recent count press the Standard Counts button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager software displays the standard counts as shown in Figure 7 9 For more information on standard counts refer to page 4 2 Model 3451 7 13 Print Active Project Menu x Trier Download Gauge E Configuration Constants Mode Thin Layer ana Target Values i Project Stats Source Decay i STAT Test Drift Test Thin Layer ON xl Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 8 Project Setup Display A Print Active Project Menu x Moisture counts 1 Download Gauge 2 5 Configuration Constants 3 Standard 4 Project Setup Couns Project Stats Source Decay STAT Test Drift Test Send to Printer Send to File Exit to Main Please download the currently active project Figure 7 9 Standard Counts Display 7 14 TROXLER PROJECT STATUS The Data Manager provides a quick view of information on the gauge including the software version serial number type length of source rod and depth increments count time measurement units measurement mode and depth mode To view the gauge information press the Project Status button on the Print Active Project Menu The Data Manager softw

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