Home

Washington Apple Pi Journal, May 1984

1. ADVANCED WORDSTAR 4 hrs 80 April 5 amp 12 or June 13 amp 20 6pm 8pm Experiment with more advanced Wordstar commands and learn file merging techniques Prerequisite Wordstar I or equivalent MICROSOFT BASIC PROGRAMMING I 6 hrs 65 May 17 24 31 6pm 8pm Hands on instruction in basic programming for CP M based computer users Classroom exercises and optional homework assignments MICROSOFT BASIC PROGRAMMING II 6 hrs 65 June 7 14 21 6pm 8pm Learn additional programming techniques in CP M Microsoft Basic Classroom exercises and homework assignments Prerequi site Microsoft Basic Programming 1 or equivalent COMPUTER CAMP FOR KIDS 10 hrs 110 June 2 9 16 23 30 2 4pm Optional Lab with instructor 4 5pm Introduce your child to the world of small computers Hands on programming and instruction in practical applications INTRODUCTION TO SPREADSHEETS 2 hrs 40 April 26 or June 28 6 8pm Create useful financial models for your business using two popular spreadsheet programs VisiCalc and Multiplan OVERVIEW OF THREE SOFTWARE SOLUTIONS 2 hrs 30 April 2 9 23 May 8 15 22 June 5 12 19 6pm 8pm This two hour overview course is for computer owners who would like to see what the capabilities of their computer are This hands on class demonstrates three major applications Word Processing Spreadsheets and Databases The Learning Center also provides custom designed instruct
2. AN oned hae ea RASNE 129 BOS C compiler aaaeeeaeo 115 Microsotion FORTH 79 paaa 79 Terrapin Logo 255565 ok chee ond eaten es 9 0005 amp ENDS Kensington System Saver Fan w surge pratector 66 Kraft Joystick TG Joystick 95 40 Trace SoundTrap silence your printer 9 eall Hochingboard sound synthesis w speech aption ee Wildcard Plus hardware based copy unprotectian Lockseith 5 0 the best gets better KoalaPad Graphics Tablet with graphics software Maxell Dysan TOK Mesorex Wabash disks fros 20 Call for prices of iteas not listed We can supply HUNDREDS of other accessories prograss and computer systeas eost WITHIN 24 HOURS PLEASE COMPARE OUR PRICES If you find a lower price give us a chance to beat it Feel free to call for answers to technical questions TO ORDER Call JEFF OILLON at 301 434 0403 or Mail cashiers certified check ar 4 0 OPERANT SYSTEMS 7676 New Haapshire Ave Suite 312 Langley Park Md 20783 Md residents add 5 tax UPS shipping is available All iteas carry full eanufacturer s warranties 27 Tes Gee ee THE MA Pave Macintosh owners and prospective buyers are consider ing what they can do with Apple s recent arrival Besides the Paint and Write programs provided there are only a few applications packages available Since the Mac does not come with any built in language
3. Mark Pankin 1018 North Cleveland St Arlington VA 22201 703 524 0937 till 10 Jim Taylor 16821 Britardale Road Derwood MD 20855 301 926 7869 t111 10 APOLLO ELECTRONICS INC 11525 COLT TERRACE SILVER SPRING MD 20902 BEST DISCOUNTERS ON HARDWARE SOFTWARE amp ACCESSORIES HARDWARE MICRO SCI A2 DISK DRIVE W O CONT MICRO SCI A2 DISK DRIVE WITH CONT NEC 8023A LINE PRINTER OKIDATA ML 92 LINE PRINTER TRANSTAR 120P L Q PRINTER SOFTWARE BANK STREET WRITER FROGGER LIST HANDLER SNACK ATTACK WORD HANDLER ACCESSORIES BASF 5 1 4 DISKETTE S S D D BOX 10 FLIP N FILE KRAFT JOYSTICK CPA LRA A Wren We N OW Wo Oo TO ORDER PLEASE CALL 649 7446 M F 9 AM 5 PM 933 1849 AFTER 6 amp WEEKENDS Washington Apple Pi following persons gt a Ww re Win MINUTE MANUALS Don t waste your valuable time trying to get your software to do what it is supposed to be able to do Who can you turn to in your hour of need the answer is probably in the Minute Manual Minute Manual For Apple Writer e A lot of sup port for 7 95 Beginners guide to word processing step by step Instructions for the basic and advanced procedures Over 60 pages of problem solving procedures on formatting and printing Specific procedures for Epson Gemini Apple Prowriter NEC Okidata Glossary Disk For Apple Writer e and J Easy to use Automatically load glos
4. 703 893 0874 COMPUTERS EDUCATION VES BOOKSHOP SPEED READING ty 450 TITLES OF EDUCATIONAL i SOFTWARE 1400 TITLES OF MICROCOMPUTER BOOKS 1850 REASONS TO VISIT THE YES BOOKSHOP si LANGUAGE TUTORIALS er Osp 7 RA My o DEMO ANY PROGRAM IN STOCK ON OUR APPLE lic VESI BOOKSHOP 1035 31st Street NW Washington DC 20007 Bookshop 202 338 7874 Mall Orders 202 338 2727 VISA MC CHOICE AMEX ACCEPTED 15 MIN Open 10 7 dally until 9 on Thursdays Washington Apple Pi omeinform introducing RECORD MASTER THE COMPLETE DATA BASE PROGRAM FOR APPLE COMPUTERS ONLY 49 95 RECORD MASTER is a full featured data base program Use it for addresses bills collections employee data inventory investaents sales student records or any ather data which need order and control COMPARE FEATURES RECORD OTHER 750 records 38 fialds 100 characters per field 5 field types alpha date nuaeric dollar coaputed oaplete report formatting and print capabilit Mailing labels up to 3 across J and 4 line addresses ort 10 fields siaultaneous Ascending or descending sorts Arithmatic functions count average x ete Editor add change delete fields Merge and pack files Password protection 64 page detailed aanual indexed Unprotected disk Menu driven error trapped DOS commands Standard text files No disk swapping 1 or 2 drives Multiple files on a disk Eas
5. 92 Washington Apple Pi The Journal of Washington Apple Pi Ltd LOGO VIRUS osr news MAC APPLE JIC FILE TRANSFER PROGRAM LISTING FORMATTER USING WPL TO CUSTOMIZE APPLEWRITER e Orticeers amp Staff Editorial e a0 me ncx ee President s Corner David Morganstein Event Queue General Information Minutes Congratulations SIGNews WAP Hotline oe Apple Teas gt ge de eee Ae UE Be wy os Bruce F Field Educational Software Raymond H Hartjen EDSIG News Peter Combes DisabledSIG News 4 Jay Thal A Meeting With Laura Meyers Jay Thal LOGOSIG News as a Nancy C Strange Classifieds Job Mart A Page from the Stack Robert C Platt SIG Mae NEWS x eaw ww Ellen kb Bouwkamp Macintosh lt gt Apple JL Transfer Donald C Schmitt Macintosh Speed Comparisons Richard D Norling Speed of Macintosh Basic David Morganstein amp Dave Weikert 1984 Number 5 Haviware Helpers crasas te we T Am What T Am swe ws ss dohin A Love TIT SOFtVIEWS os asawa aaa David Morganstedin Anchor Mark 12 Review Update George V Kinal Auto Repeat Dialing George V Kinal Print Master Deluxe A Review Bob Oringel Guide to General Disk Utilities Bob Trexler Turbo Pascal JRT s Promise Fulfilled Bill Seeley The Forth Column Kevin Nealon Stuffing Com Ware JL J T DeMay Jr The Hotline Calls Back Apple Writer Using WPL to Customize AW e Dianne Lorenz Magic Window II am
6. returns the list A BD E e HOW DO WE COPY ELEMENTS FROM A LIST We can construct a procedure that will copy a word or list from a given place within a list COPY POSITION SIZE LIST will return a list consisting of SIZE elements starting at location POSITION and moving to the right PRINT COPY 24 ABCDEFG returns the list B C 0 EJ e HOW DO WE INSERT A WORD OR LIST INTO A LIST We can construct a procedure that will insert an element in a given position within a list INSERT sELEMENT POSITION LIST will insert a word or list element at a given location POSITION inside a of a given list PRINT INSERT TEST IT 4 A BCOE F G returns the list A BC test it DEF G HOW DO WE CHANGE AN ELEMENT OF A LIST We can construct a procedure that will change an ele ment in a given place within a list CHANGE As mentioned the first input DOUBLE is the name POSITION LIST ELEMENT LIST LIST requires three of the procedure The inputs to the procedure are the lists as inputs The first list POSITION LIST indi first element in the procedure definition list with cates the locations in the given list where there are each line in the procedure enclosed in brackets to be changes made The second list ELEMENT LIST contains the elements that are to be placed in the What we have now is a command that lets us define locations indicated by POSITION LIST They must be procedures using list processing activities that we in
7. Last month I answered a question about underlining Q My problem concerns the Pascal error 253 proced with Apple Writer II and an Okidata printer The ure too long When I write a program in Pascal problem was that if the printer underlining feature everything is fine until it gets long then I get was turned on and the words to be underlined con the procedure too long error even if there is no tinued from the right side of one line to the next procedure in it When I get the error I can line the underline continued through the left margin eliminate it by reducing the size of the program The solution is to use the backslash command in Apple Often I can make it run just by taking out 1 or 2 Writer rather than sending the underline on command characters I have seen programs many times longer to the printer Right after sending the column in for than mine so the real problem isn t length Any publication I received several more letters describing help you can give me with this problem would be exactly the same problem My solution still stands appreciated for all printers except the Okidata Unfortunately the Okidata refuses to recognize the backspace char A Apple Pascal has an internal limitation of 1200 acter which dis part of what Apple Writer uses to words 2400 bytes of object code per procedure underline when the backslash command is given If the Your entire program is a procedure and is causing left margin command of Apple Write
8. Only the IF THEN syntax permits 3 NEXT s and only 1 FOR as an example 3 With an IF I set its flag 4 With its matching THEN I must print the alter nating blanks and underlines proceed to the next line and then indent if required Believe it or not the module INDENT4 gets all three accom plished The next module INDENT serves as the generalized indenting routine producing 5 leading blanks for each DENT unit Of course I also have to increment LINECHAR accordingly Since I began this small article with an explanation of the module CHARO I guess I m at DONE If you 1 NORMAL NORMAL do not have an Assembler feel free to use my menu 2 INVERSE clear bits 6 amp 7 driven Machine language program editor to enter 3 FLASHing INVERSE 40 FORMAT This editor is written entirely in Apple 4 CTRL either INVERSE 80 or FLASHing 40 soft and was published in the March 1984 issue of Washington Apple Pi Journal tg There are only two exceptions to these rules the conta Washington Apple Pi May 1984 37 9125 DO 3E 77 BNE QUOT 3 or after a 9163 AE F3 95 163 LOX NUMQTE REMark or 9127 AD FO 95 78 LDA NUMCLN mult instr 91E6 DO 6C 164 BNE STOREWD between 912A DO 39 79 BNE QUOT on same line 91E8 EE FO 95 165 INC NUMCLN 91EB AD F8 95 166 LDA LINECHAR 3 If colon 81 REREAERAERRARAKRERERRAERERREERERAKRAKK QIEE 38 167 SEC follows line 91EF ED C1 95
9. Seattle font which is 10 point and appears only in some Microsoft programs To rebuild a trashed disk directory insert the disk while pressing COMMAND OPTION The machine will go into disk recovery mode to recover files Alternative ly use the RESET button on the left side of the machine This is documented in the manual but is not easy to find Using the Font Editor it is possible to save up to 75K of disk space by removing unnecessary fonts Creative Logic has announced three versions of FORTH for the Mac Version 1 will be 150 Version 2 which will give the user more control over the Mac is 250 Version 3 provides a complete tool kit and includes a license to make 250 copies but it costs 2 500 All Sony 3 1 2 inch disk drives Apple gets are cur rently being used for Macs and Lisas The extra drive for the Mac will probably not be available until June or later Davong and Techmar are each reported to be producing hard disks for the Mac The Mac upgrade to 512K will probably be available in 1985 by exchanging boards out of 128K Macs Hewlett Packard 3 1 2 inch disks are media campatible with Mac s disks but are more expensive than Apple s and can be used in a pinch The meeting closed with a discussion of the advantages of a Mac over other computers Members reported that women and girls in their households are using the Mac much more than other computers One Mac owner new to computers called his machine use
10. She works with infants children with Down s syndrome cerebral palsy and other medical involvements She uses speech synthesis for children without language And instead of waiting for the children to independ ently develop their physical skills so that they can be trusted on a sensitive machine like a computer she finds that the children s physical controls improve BECAUSE they are using the computer The computer gives the children control over their environment it gives them speech and Meyers says They understand immediately that the computer is giving them control over their own meaning But it does not end with synthesized speech Children who had few utterances of whom questions were raised regarding their cognition of words start talking Given the power the children strive for power beyond that which the computer can give them the power suppressed within them It s the power principle the intervention empowers the learner to perform mean ingful projects that could not be done without it 1 Once the suddenly learned skill is internalized the computer can be discarded for that particular pur pose It is a principle which Meyers refers to as Scaffolding a supportive tool that extends the child s skills thereby allowing the learner to accom plish a task not otherwise possible 2 And its more than just theory We saw it in opera tion through videotaped replays of some of Meyers 14 May 1
11. comparison is 9359 B9 CA 95 320 i word This 93F2 CD BD 95 353 CMP WORDLEN accomplished 935C CD BO LDA MEMI Y comparison ts 93F5 DO OF 353 BNE NO by Ist checking 935F D0 GF san E WORDEN i A 93F7 E8 353 NEXTLTR INX 2 lengths checking 93F8 C8 353 INY If th 9 en eee ae ts i Z lengths 33F9 EC BD 95 353 CPK WORDLEN each char A CPX WORDLEN each char 93FE 89 DA 95 353 LOA KEVI Y the toop s C 9368 B9 CA 95 320 ie r ds checked in 9401 0D 7A 95 353 CMP WORO X the label 9368 DD JA 98 320 EM1 Y the loop 9404 FO Fl 353 BEQ NEXTLTR NEXTLTR 936E FO F CHP WORD X the label 9406 A2 CE 353 NO LOX N ANS gives 320 BEQ NEXTLTR NEXTLTR 9408 8E BE 95 353 STX ANS the result contd 4 2 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi for Apple il Ile amp Franklin Computers DOWNLOAD CUSTOM FONTS amp CHARACTERS TO EITHER OF EPSON FX 80 OKIDATA 92 93 C ITOH PROWRITER 8510AP APPLE DOT MATRIX THESE PRINTERS COMPATIBLE WITH WORD PROCESSORS CAP ABLE OF SENDING PRINTER CONTROL CODES FONE EDITOR sa ka E miw MAG 1 e T os gt nw A se s Wes et E A me 0 atr oan we A eR Dw pA amp Ol am Seo amp m al BFS mjm ep T 7 E pAn NS aa hO 6 Siw RAK WARE 201 325 1885 41 RALPH ROAD W ORANGE NJ 07052 Retail Wizordry Wizardry IIl Knight of Diamonds Wizardry Iil Legacy of Lylgaymn Mail orders to TRI STATE SYSTEMS P O Box 2544 Springf
12. 15MHz AMDEK Video 300G Video 300A Dot Matrix Printers 549 00 699 00 845 00 Pusm 132 w all options MicroPrism NEC 8023 Ondata 92 699 00 93 1 199 00 1 699 00 799 00 645 00 Daisy Wheel Printers C Itoh Starwnter 40eps Prowrtier SScps Smh Corona TP 1 Transtar 130 1 895 00 2 395 00 895 00 Best Buy 895 00 Surge Protection Kensington System Saver Also avallable Modems Interfaces Disk drives Accessorics Terminals Peripherals Joysticks Paddles Keypads and hundreds morel Sale SS h es es a ee ee SS 3 a Description List Sale BUSINESS Data Managers dBase I with ZIP D8 Master Utikty pac 1 Uuhty pac 2 bog Stat pac General Manager InfoStar Rapiaces DataStar x PFS Fie Report Graph Versatorm I Visitiie x Accounting Accounting Ptus II x ne Busmoss Bookkeeping System E Z Ledger General Ledger w Payables 495 00 Home Accountant 7495 Payroll 395 00 Receivables 495 00 Financial Modeling amp Planning Assat Manager 200 00 Budget Planner 150 00 Business Forecasting Mode tor VisiCalc 100 00 CatcStar 195 00 Multiplan 27500 SuperCalc 295 00 VisiCalc II 250 00 le 250 00 and much much more New Specials Davong 5mb hard disk drive Includes cables card and software Microtek Parallol Printer Card Pkaso Micro Professor MPF It Appie Compatible postabie t Mind II CSI simiine disk drive Oran
13. 4 CTRL A 10000001 81 and so forth for B thru Z What about numbers 1 INVERSE s like letters have their left most bits 6 amp 7 clear 2 FLASHing s have bit 7 clear but it s already clear What now Well notice that a FLASHing letter INVERSE letter 40 It looks like this relationship also works on numbers 3 CTRL s NORMAL s Finally we must address all those special charac ters such as the ampersand and Look up all these non letters and non numbers and you will soon see that the following almost universal rules apply at least when the characters exist CTRL doesn t for exam ple just as a CTRL 7 doesn t question mark and the equals sign Please double check me here to be sure Now onto the CTRL routine by the BEAGLE BROTHERS Looking at your handy dandy chart of ASCII character codes keep in mind that the only desired result is to convert CTRL letters to lower case So 1 Look for the characters with the lowest ASCII code These characters are the INVERSE letters all lt 20 So CTRL immediately performs this comparison and if lt 20 bits 6 amp 7 are set thus converting INVERSE letters to NORMAL By tracing CTRL you see that you will then quickly exit with now NORMAL letters 2 Then we look for FLASHing letters and INVERSE numbers along with some of the above mentioned INVERSE and CTRL special characters that is all characters whose ASCII code is
14. 468 949D D0 03 384 BNE RIN 9536 AD C4 95 469 NXTDNT LDA BLANK One DENT 3949F AC 1A 95 385 JMP INDENT4 AEE a LOY 5 5 blanks 60 386 RTN RTS Not any keyword 9538 20 6 94 472 NXTBL JSR PRINTOUT 953E 88 473 DEY contd 44 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi 953F DO FA 474 BNE NXTBL 9541 18 475 cLc 3 Incre 9542 AD F8 95 476 LOA LINECHAR LTNECHAR 9547 BD F8 95 478 STA LINECHAR each DE es ae aa LINECHAR each DENT 954B DO E9 480 BNE NXTONT 481 954D 60 482 RET RTS Return 484 AARERERARREEAARAEREERRARRERRERRAREH 954E A2 00 486 CHARO LOX 0 Compu 9550 8E C1 95 487 STX INIT E SE TAECHAR 9553 8A 488 TXA at beginning 9554 AE F4 95 489 LDX DENT 3 of line 9557 FO 06 490 BEQ FINISH 9559 18 491 CLC 955A 69 05 492 NEXTO ADC 5 955C CA 493 DEX 9550D DO FB 494 BNE NEXTO 955F 8D C1 95 495 FINISH STA INIT 9562 60 496 RTS 498 RERRAEAAERERAREEREAERREREREEEREEREER 9563 8D 10 CO 500 DONE STA STROBE Clear keybd 9566 AE FF 95 501 LOX XSAVE Load back 9569 AC 00 96 502 LOY YSAVE X amp Y reg 956C 4C 02 C1 503 JMP PRINTER Re transmit 505 khikkitktkttkht k DATA RHRAKKKAKRKHKEKR 507 ATEMP os 1 508 XTEMP os 1 509 YTEMP os 1 511 LNNUM DS 5 512 LENNUM DS 1 513 LONNUM DS 1 514 SUB DS 1 515 WORD DS 67 516 WORDLEN DS 1 517 ANS DS 1 518 NUMBLK DS 1 519 PREBLK DS 1 520 INIT DS 1 521 COUNTER DS 1 95C3 BO 523 ZERO HEX BO 95C4 A0 524 BLANK HEX
15. AE BE 95 322 LDX ANS 9284 20 E6 94 254 JSR PRINTOUT blank Then 9378 E0 D9 323 CPx ay 9287 EC 77 95 255 NUM CPX LENNUM Tine 937A DO 06 324 BNE LOW i ON 92BA BO OA 256 BCS NEWLN 937C AO 01 325 LOY FL Set HIMEM 928C BO 72 95 257 LDA LNNUM X 937E 8C F1 95 326 STY MEMORY flag 92BF 20 E6 94 258 JSR PRINTOUT 9381 60 327 RTS He k B7 92 FH eh NUM i i 329 PRARARERRRARRRARAARRRRARARRRRRRRARA 92C6 AD C6 95 261 NEWLN LOA CR Jump to nex 9209 20 A3 94 262 JSR lt CR gt line to 331 LOW PMC KEYWO MEM2 Keywd LOMEM 92CC AD F8 95 263 LOA LINECHAR print the 9382 A2 09 331 LOX y Compare your 92CF 18 264 CLC word 9384 83 BE 95 331 STX ANS listed word 9200 6D 78 95 265 ADC LONNUM 9387 A2 FF 331 LOX FF to this key 9203 60 CO 95 266 ADC PREBLK 9389 AO 00 331 LDY 0 s word This 9206 80 F8 95 267 STA LINECHAR 9388 B9 D0 95 331 LDA MEM2 Y comparison is 9209 A9 00 268 LDA 0 938 CO BD 95 331 CMP WORDLEN accomplished 9208 80 77 95 269 STA LENNUM 9391 00 OF 331 BNE HO by 1st checking 920E A9 04 270 LOA 4 9393 E8 331 NEXTLTR INX 2 lengths 92 0 80 79 95 271 STA SUB 9394 CB 331 INY If then 92E3 60 272 EXIT RTS 9395 EC BD 95 331 CPX WORDLEN each char 9398 FO 00 331 BEQ OUT 3 is checked in 274 RRARARARRERHRARARHARAARAARREREERERRERE 939A B9 DO 95 331 LDA MEM2 Y the Toop es 9390 DD 7A 95 331 CHP WORD X the label 9264 AE F2 95 276 OUTWD LOX NUMRMK If in REMark 93A0 FO F1
16. LOGO in Our Schools on May 5 1984 Representatives of the area public schools will make up our panel who will discuss how they are using computers and Logo LOGO IN ARLINGTON by Jo Winkelmann LOGO experiences in Arlington VA are so new that currently no rumblings are heard to grade the process LOGO programs are as diverse as the staff Educational leadership needed to begin staff develop ment courses was provided by the Elementary Principals Task Force on Computers and a parent To date 49 staff members pre school elementary junior high and high school teachers librarians teachers aides etc have been introduced to LOGO in a three hour graduate level course taught by C Diane Martin and Rachelle S Heller The model is designed to encour age staff to present LOGO to children as they them selves learned the philosophies and the language Each of the 19 elementary schools has Apple e computers and APPLE LOGO At Teast one teacher from 18 elementary schools has participated in INTRODUCTION TO LOGO FOR EDUCATORS LOGO is also available at the das Center on hard disk with a Corvus Omninet sys em For the most part computers are mobile on carts and computer instruction occurs within the classroom setting LOGO has been used to reinforce principles of mathematics as well as to learn poetry LOGO jis also found outside the classroom being used in cre ative ways a dedicated librarian provides LOGO experiences
17. ence was impressed Laura Meyers can be reached for further information by writing her at PEAL Software 1725 Promenade Suite 323 Santa Monica CA 90401 Several recent articles on Meyers are Trachtman P children without 1984 Putting computers into the hands of language Smithsonian February Ray C Breaking the Silence Softalk April 1984 References 1 Papert S Mindstorms Children Computers and Powerful Ideas Basic Books 1980 2 Greenfield P and Smith J The Structure of Communication in Early Language Development Academic Press 1976 3 Papert ibid Additional References Gliedman J and Roth W The Unexpected Minority Handicapped Children in America Harcourt Brace Jovanovich 1980 Meyers L Guest Ed Augmenting Language Skills with Microcomputers Seminars in Speech and Language Vol 5 No 1 March 1984 Meyers L Language ibid Unique Contributions of Microcomputers to Intervention with Handicapped Children Silverman F Communication for the Speechless Pren tice Hall 1980 Washington Apple Pi See Shop Save Washington DC Computer Showcase Expo SET ASIDE THESE DATES May 3 6 1984 e Washington DC Convention Center Thursday Friday and Saturday 10 am 7 pm Sunday 10 am 6 pm COMPUTER SHOWCASE EXPO the computer show designed specifically to help local area business owners corporate managers and professionals do busine
18. it causes everything to be underlined that follows it the letters How come A The symbol is defined as the underline token in SSS the print menu If you need to use this character A The backslash enables underlining on a letter qual in your text for instance to answer this ity printer only To underline on a dot matrix question change the underline token in the same printer you will need to embed the printer s way you change any other parameter in the print command to begin and end underlining using Ctri V menu by typing UT and whatever symbol you want to Most printers use an ESC followed by a letter or represent underlining or just UT and return to number For example the Prowriter NEC 8023 and eliminate the underline symbol temporarily Note Apple Oot Matrix begin underlining with ESC X and On the NEC 8023 the is used to represent one of end with ESC Y This information can be found in the superscripted numbers in the Greek alphabet your printer manual It is impossible to put this number into a print glossary unless you redefine the underline token Q How can I find and replace returns in my text Nothing happens when I use the usual delimiter Q In using the vertical format commands TM BM PL and the right bracket J to indicate a return and PI I cannot get the number of printed lines per page that I want What s the secret A On page 65 of the Apple Writer e manual jis an interesting chart that will answer
19. please check the more back issues we will pay the postage lu s only for 1 for Inside Apple Pi and the New Member Reference Packet Talk about service It s our store on wheels that brings a selection of the best office computers right to your door saving you valuable time and giving your employees a chance to help pick the equipment they will operate You can test the compu ters while you re only seconds away from your office We ll show you off the shelf hardware and software and tell you how our professional pro grammers will custom design soft ware especially for your needs Ask us about our installation warranty service agreements and training program for your entire staff THE HLA TRAVELING STORE CURB SERVICE FOR THE BUSY BUSINESS EXECUTIVE ROAD TEST A COMPUTER IN YOUR OWN PARKING LOT You can pick and choose from a wide variety of personal computers We have them all The versatile and powerful IBM the affordable and easily expandable Apple for the office home or classroom the Compaq you can take with you wherever the functionally de signed Corvus Concept with its dual orientation and full page word pro cessor Digital s high performance Rainbow and flexible Professional 350 the powerful Sage for the computer programmer the HP 150 Touch Screen the multi user Altos To make an appointment with the HLA Traveling Store call 301 345
20. some of which they have a finan cial interest in Is it an educational group to research programming tricks develop new software applications for the handicapped and other special interest users Is it to share information about emerging trends in the microcomputer industry in general Perhaps the answer to this is written in the Apple Pi s charter which I have not read but it would not hurt to remind the membership of it metal case with 2 buttons 360 cursor control auto centering amp 2 fine trimers MITAC AD 10 WINCHESTER 10 MB 1099 with controller MICRO STAR COMPANY P 0O BOX 2307 COLUMBIA MD 21045 301 730 7172 M F 10 00 7 00 SAT 9 30 1 00 Well little did I know my few observations would go so long My apology for being so uneconomical in my presentation As I said above all I wanted to do was work out a few ideas I had about why I as a newcomer have felt that though the Washington Apple Pi is good it could be better Fulton T Armstrong Terms Add 1 00 handling fee per order MD residents add 5 tax Personal or company checks allow 2 weeks to clear COD accepted by M O or cashier check only add 1 65 COD charge Prices are subject to change without notice Q ty is subject to availability MC amp VISA customers add 3 5 surcharge Manufacturer or MSC warranty provided pe E AEE E dE E FE GE F E FE ME E dE FE E JE JE JE IE IE E JE E IE FE FE de FE e dE JE IE FE
21. this is the time to replace that disk with the one you wish to examine This is also the time to put in a disk that you don t care very much about so that you can play with it freely You can do no harm until yer deliberately enable the write capability however Having inserted your scratch disk press the space bar The drive runs and the program reads and dis plays the contents of track 00 sector 00 and gives you the hex number of the disk if you have initial ized it with a volume number otherwise you will see the classic FE hex for 254 The default condition has the following Mode 1 Format H Input and Output radix is H Ini tial track and sector are 00 0 Help available by pressing H After pressing H the following commands are displayed to you R ead Write E dit Flormat Mode I nrad O utrad N ext Last Tlest Di irectory X exit The following additional commands will not fit in the space provided for the help commands but are also active P arams C hange In addition when you are in edit the following com mands are available 1 J K M Move cursor R otate ASCII F ormat Deposit C designate slot enable or disable write UChome O set pointer Following is an annotated description of the user com mands R You will be asked the track number press return number sector Enter it and Then you may either specify a sector or hit return Return accepts the present then you may
22. you must enter a command which causes the program to re format the text to view the result in an organized display To format output PP has a smal number of embedded characters These allow for a new page titling line spacing and margin adjustment as well as line centering and right justification To use additional formatting capabilities of your printer you can define up to four control character sequences which can be embedded within the text The documentation consists of a 7l page reference manual and several reference cards begins the documentation started standable A useful tutorial You will find a how to get section and a reference section both under Another feature of PP s documentation is On screen help menus There are five of these which can be called up to describe program features Un fortunately they are only available when the program is configured for 48K systems which allow about 22K of text enough for about eight single spaced pages The menus can not be used with a 64K system which expands the capacity to about 12 pages Pen Pal can read and write both text and binary files contd on pg 47 Washington Apple Pi FANCIHOR buy MARK 12 Kinal Apparently my timely review of the Anchor Mark 12 300 1200 baud smartmodem has popular I ve received le all over the country members in California an As Ueorge N Automat ion been pretty tters and phone calls from Would yo
23. 8170 GSA schedule 345 8170 HIA 5700 J Sunnyside Avenue Beltsville Maryland 20705 301 345 1123 BULK RATE U S POSTAGE PAID PERMIT 5389 Silver Spring MD 20910 WASHINGTON APPLE PI LTD 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 ADDRESS CORRECTION REQUESTED A REFURBISHED DAISY WHEEL TERMINAL FOR PERSONAL COMPUTER USERS AND SMALL BUSINESSES Now you can have letter quality printing a and professional features for just N ai AJ daisy wheel printer terminals are renowned for And you can choose from a list of options including exceptional performance high reliability and applications forms tractor pin feed platen paper trays side shelves versatility Now you can have all this for only 995 in our extra printwheels APL keyboard and 2K buffer special limited offer Call your nearest AJ regional e 30 cps etter quality printing office for details San Jose CA 3 e Changeable type faces eon OSEE N i a 408 946 2900 Rosemont IL e Full ASCII keyboard with d 312 671 7155 Hackensack numeric pad NJ 201 488 2525 Or check e High resolution X Y plotting m the phone book for the num e Complete electronic forms ber of your local AJ sales control service office 128 character buffer 2 A Price excludes options and is subject to Asynchronous RS 232 interface change without notice Model shown includes e Printwheel ribbon cartridge certa
24. AQ 95C5 81 525 CTRLA HEX 81 95C6 8D 526 CR HEX 8D 95C7 BA 527 CLN HEX BA 95C8 A2 528 QUOTE HEX A2 95C9 OF 529 UNDER HEX DF 95CA 05 531 MEML HEX 05 95CB C8 C9 CD 532 ASC HIMEM 9500 05 533 MEM2 HEX 05 9501 CC CF CD 534 ASC LOMEM 9506 03 535 RMK HEX 03 9507 D2 C5 CO 536 ASC REM 950A 03 537 KEYI HEX 03 9508 C6 CF 02 538 ASC FOR 950E 04 539 KEY2 HEX 04 950F CE C5 08 540 ASC NEXT 95E3 02 541 KEY3 HEX 02 9564 C9 C6 542 ASC IF 9566 04 543 KEY4 HEX 04 9567 04 C8 C5 544 ASC THEN 546 RARAAKRAARED End of Data RARRRAAERER 548 Aktit End of FORMAT RRAREERER End Assembly 1259 bytes Errors 0 amp Washington Apple P1 CALL FOR ALL YOUR COMPUTER NEEDS Printers C Itoh ProWriter 20 2c08028 345 00 FProWriter II wsaneeeee 600 00 Hot Dot 180 CPS 475 00 180 CPS 132 column 675 00 l Color 180 CPS 600 00 Okidata Microline 92 429 00 Epson RX 80 2 eww cence eee e cree S20 Q RX BO F T 2 eee ee ee a AS a ecccccess 485 00 FX 80 F T FX 100 saans Accessories Su Se Ee Graphics Pkg 325 00 NETWORX Filtered Fower Tree 54 00 790 00 Taxan Amber Monitor 135 00 Videx Function Strip sasssa 98 00 TG Track Ball assssessesesse 40 00 Wico Joysticks 3 way Deluxe 25 00 Koala Pad Touch Tablet 89 50 Micro Sci Disk Drive A2 235 90 FingerPrint MX RX Series 45 00 FX Series 52 50 Grappler wesccaereenene s 122 50
25. After I finally print out your program line number against the right margin I change LENNUM to zero line 268 so that your line number will not be printed out on the second and succeeding lines of print occupied by the same program LINECHAR This because LINECHAR is the of statement Now that LENNUM is 0 the comparison of characters printed ona line You ll see that I do line 255 will negate your line number being printed not print out WORD until I hit one of those three on these succeeding lines Lines 263 267 initialize delimiters I addressed earlier I finally print out LINECHAR on these succeeding lines with the same the stored complete word via the coupled subroutines value it had at the beginning of the initial line LINE and OUTWD to be described later Onto the module OUTWD at line 276 See I do skip contd 36 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi the keyword tests when the stored word is part of a REMark or between quotes It looks like I finally get to print the stored word beginning with line 281 When the last character of a complete word is a lt CR gt I re initialize only the REMark and quote flags because the HIMEM LOMEM flag is automatically reset with the first blank after the immediately succeeding colon see line 146 If all of your quotes are evenly paired then its flag is automati cally reset at line 116 But if your final instruc tion in a given program line loo
26. Buffered Grappler e5ee22 175 90 PRASO acne ene nen nee ripensa 122 50 SuffleBuffer 64K 2222 275 00 SuffleBuffer 128K cece ee 350 00 TG Joaystick Ile 2 2 es 45 00 Hayes Mach III Joystick Ile 41 25 BULCK VIiS sessesesecesosersessn 14 00 ASTROFIRE Rapid Fire 12 00 AFFLEsurance Diagnostic Controller Card 4 6s 80 00 Verbatim diskettes 10 packs SS DD searen inerta kara ami ed DS DD woe cece ene ene eee ee eee OO Holiday Facks 10 disks in plastic case head cleaning kit GG DD we awww ener cern ereee 26 00 DS DD 22 265 sonsa es en Soe QO In stock word processing utilities and game specials Epson Printer Utility italic boldface The Artist ssee ae Super Text 40 80 II II 2 55 00 Visidex 20 OG Desk Top Plan IlI sssssssseses 135 00 condensed etc 20 00 eanrnteaeesae ee eee Ampersoft s asecsesaeeeseres 19 90 LEXLCOM wane enn enerseeereees 19 00 V I P IL weeeeees Ea a a ee e 2 Q key Perfect ssassaeseesererese 12 00 BO Mike esheets Wee eee aS eee 10 00 Critical MaSS wa oeeeser seer eee lt 200 Epoch z Three Mile Island sesseseses 20 00 Free Fall eeeeeeeres ete See 16 00 Frogger ese ccerecereceereeee 19 00 Moushattack Co nS gta E OO Lunar Leeper seecrtcenneenere 16 90 Apple Oids esseseseseeeerene 17 90 Firebug secre ecereercrerceres 16 00 Creature Creator wee eens 20000 Spectre eee ee E at Buzzard Bai eave eief
27. F9 95 392 LDA PAGELL Compare with 9412 4C FC 94 358 JMP INDENT 94AC 38 393 SEC 11 pg input 94AD ED FB 95 394 SBC LINESPP from Driver 360 RARAAREARERRERRRERARERARERERARERREARRH 94B0 90 13 395 a BCC NOTFULL If new count 396 362 NEXT PMC KEYWD KEY2 Keywd NEXT 9482 AD FC 95 397 FULL LDA FIRST ds lt the 9415 A2 D9 362 LDX y Compare your 94B5 20 E6 94 398 JSR PRINTOUT desired 11 p9 9417 BE BE 95 362 STX ANS listed word 9488 AD FD 95 399 LDA SECOND page NOTFULL 941A A2 FF 362 LOX FF to this key 9488 FO 03 400 BEQ RESETPG If page full ur 4 ng a 362 Ly 0 ie se word on 94BD 20 E6 94 401 JSR PRINTOUT paginate 941E B9 DE 62 LDA KEY2 comparison s 402 9421 CD BD 95 362 CMP WOROLEN accomplished 94CO A2 00 403 RESETPG LOX 0 When new page 9424 00 OF 362 BNE NO by Ist checking 94C2 8E F9 95 404 STX PAGELL reset count 9426 E8 362 NEXTLTR INX 2 lengths 405 9427 C8 362 INY If then 94C5 A2 00 406 NOTFULL LOX 0 New page or not 9428 EC BD 95 362 CPX WORDLEN each char 94C7 BE F8 95 407 STX LINECHAR reset LINECHAR at ok a te oe i a checked in 94CA 4C 31 95 408 JMP INDENT amp set indent i the loop 9430 DD 7A 95 362 CMP WORD X the label 410 RAAAERAERERERARAEEAEERERARAERAHEEERE 9433 FO Fl 362 BEQ NEXTLTR 3 NEXTLTR 9435 A2 CE 362 NO LOX N ANS gives 9400 C9 20 412 CTRL CMP 20 Converts CTRL 9437 BE BE 95 362 STX ANS the result
28. M terminology the 70 target DOS 3 3 disk MUST be in Drive 1 Then simply 80 name the files as follows Applefilename CPMFile ext 90 I have updated the instructions and submitted them to 100 the Club Library hopefully a revision will prevent 110 this confusion in the future 120 130 APLXFR is a CP M COM program But when you get all 140 done setting it up it creates a utility that runs 150 under DOS 3 3 In other words the final product 160 can be used by Apple owners without a 2 80 board If 170 you think about it this can be of yreat use in word 180 processing and in communications Now you can accept 190 disks prepared using CP M word or text processors 200 and read them under a DOS processor or communications 210 package In fact programs written for Microsoft 220 BASIC use are stored as text files they usually have 230 the filename extension BAS These programs can then 240 be transferred into DOS format and edited for use 250 under APPLESOFT The procedure yiven in APLXFR for 260 reaching the desired end result is a little arcane 270 Tne resulting 6502 binary code is supposed to be 280 BSAVEd at 6000 with the name CPMXFER suggested 290 Then an EXEC file to BRUN CPMXFER but at location 300 900 is advised This is all unnecessary Instead 310 I simply BSAVED the code with A 6000 then BLOADed it 320 with A 900 and finally BSAVed it with the more de 330 scriptive name CP M TO DOS This final program has 340 been
29. Q4CF BO 02 413 BCS INVERSE to lower case 362 OUT EOM End of Macro 9401 09 CO 414 ORA 11000000 INY NORMAL 9403 C9 60 415 INVERSE CMP 60 943A AE BE 95 364 LDX ANS 9405 BO 02 416 BCS FLASH ape 0 i ace ate aaa 9407 09 80 4l7 ORA 710000000 INV FLASH NORM 9409 C9 80 418 FLASH CMP 80 9441 4C 05 95 367 JMP INDENT2 9408 BO 02 419 BCS CONTRL 9400 69 40 420 ADC 64 FLASH NORMAL 369 RRAERRRERARERRAREERRERAREEREREREARHR ote c9 AO 421 CONTRL CMP A0 eee 1 BO 02 422 BCS LOWER Already NORMAL E 7i IF PHC KEYWD KEY3 Keywd IF 94E3 09 60 423 ORA 301100000 CTRL lower case 71 LOX Y Compare your 94E5 60 424 LOWER RTS 9446 8E BE 95 371 STX ANS listed word aan A o a LOX FF 3 to this key 426 PAARREAAARERAEEREREREREEERARRERERED LOY 0 3 word This 9440 B9 E3 95 371 LDA KEY3 Y comparison is 9466 8D 6F 95 428 PRINTOUT STA ATEMP Save registers 9450 CD BD 95 371 CHP WORDLEN accomplished 94E9 BE 70 95 429 STX XTEMP i Susie ae sevice i i by Ist checking 94EC 8C 71 95 430 STY YTEMP 3 2 lengths 94EF 20 02 Cl 431 JSR PRINTER 9456 C8 s Print Accum A E INY If then 94F2 AD GF 95 432 LDA ATEMP Retrieve reg ete a WORDLEN garh char i 94F5 AE 70 95 433 LDX XTEMP n 94F8 AC 71 95 434 LOY YTEM MRa rr 9462 FO i a a 9464 he ce a a1 P t p Ais gives 437 AthtthttkkARkAkRkARARRRAARARAkARRA A the result 94FC EE FS 95 43 371 ov k 9 INDENT INC DENTI Keywd FOR T EOM En
30. SUBSTR finds one string inside another string at machine language speed amp UNDIM amp SWITCH undimension or switch arrays without clearing other variables amp FRE fast routine collects Applesoft string garbage in an instant amp run anything command Knows from the file mame you give it whether the file should be RUN BRUN or EXECed amp APEEK amp APOKE amp MPOKE commands handle Z byte values and MPOKE makes it easier to poke machine language routines into successive memory locations APEEK and APOKE MicroMaster brings you over 50 from using it with all your programs commands Full A few of them are amp GOTO amp GOSUB GOTO and GOSUB to variable names instead of meaningless line numbers amp ERRMS print error messages without halting program execution amp MERGE a merge that works on machine language as well as Applesoft programs HOW MICROMASTER WORKS MicroMaster operates a subroutine library in your computer s memory outside your program You can use the subroutines we provide and also add your own subroutines written in either Applesoft or machine language In addition to calling any library subroutine by name your program can at any time delete subroutines from the library load more subroutines into the library from disk or rename subroutines You can use MicroMaster as a library for subroutines you use in your programs lt without having to add the code to
31. TO SPREADSHEETS Lee Raesly July 14 VISIPLOT amp APPLE PLOT Lee Raesly Aug 11 10 with Apple member 15 with non member 10 with Apple member 15 with non member 15 w o Apple member 20 w o non member 15 w o Apple member 20 w o non member D The following tutorials are planned but no exact date yet Word Star Bernie Benson Sept VisiCalc Roy Rosfeld Nov recess check the desired tutorials and return this form with the proper fee s payable to Washington Apple Pi to Washington Apple Pi Ltd Attn Tutorials 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 Name Naytime Phone Evening Phone Total Enclosed P M to DOS contd CP ontd from py 61 Author Guidelines contd from pg 60 570 GOTO 590 It is always comforting to have a hard copy of ies a REM NOT A VALID FILE article accompany the Ta isk file but this is Tat necessary if you find it inconvenient t i 600 REM END OF STAGE 2 i esis 610 Again these guidelines are not meant to be mandator 620 REM PRINT DIRECTORY or to discourage anyone from submitting articles that 630 HOME are not on disk All in all Washington Apple Pi 640 FOR I 1 TO 48 members seem to have a wealth of information which N 650 IF FM I lt gt THEN PRINT FM I SPC 8 they are willing to take the time to share with 660 NEXT I others and this is what enables us to continue to 670 POKE 43626 6 POKE 47081 96 REM RESTORE SLOT 6 produc
32. They meet during the regular WAP meeting ASMSIG our SIG for assembly language programming has chosen a new name to reflect its new emphasis the Program Interface SIG The PISIG will focus on how to write assembly language routines that will hook into Applesoft programs DOS ProDOS and Pascal The PISIG will also work with SIG Mac to explore assembly language programming on the MC68000 and the Macintosh For further details including information on tutori als call Ray Hobbs at 301 490 7484 Given the fact that all of our new SIG names are one letter away from the names of foods it s obvious that SIGs only name themselves when people are hungry CESIG is the new special interest group of computer entrepeneurs They meet after the monthly WAP meet ing at the club office DISABLEDSIG See DISABLEDSIG News elsewhere in this issue EOSIG the education special interest group see the EDSIG Page elsewhere in this issue FORTHSIG has been revived elsewhere in this issue LAWSIG usually meets in downtown Washington D C at noon once amonth For information call Charles 6G Field Chairman 265 4040 or Jim Burger 822 1093 See The Forth Column LOGOSIG meets monthly at 12 45 after the regular WAP meeting at the Barrie School 13500 Layhill Road Silver Spring MD See LOGOSIG News elsewhere in this issue NEWSIG will meet just after the regular Washington Apple Pi meeting and on Thursday evenings fro
33. ase is ates ADO Sammy Lightfoot sess COMPUTER DEN Ltd 11716 KEMF MILL ROAD SILVER SPRING MARYLAND 20902 301 649 6868 Call for an appointment or to order Sunday INGE Seay a 10 A M 9 F M Free delivery to Crystal City UPS shipping 4 00 extra Quantity Discounts Available 45 May 1984 SOF TV Tels Ey Day te Merseans C I A Confidential Information Advisors You might think the title implies a data base package The small unobtrusive ad for this product found in many magazines indicates you will obtain five sophisticated disk utilities and a 60 000 word guide to the Apple disk I found the ad to be quite accurate Most owners of Beneath Apple DOS an except ional and well known reference to applaud Beneath as the most informative reference on the subject of Apple DOS I suspect many owners of Beneath have or will obtain the CIA as a marvelous complement The five utilities provided are Tricky Dick the shell program the Linguist the Code Breaker and the Tracer l subroutines which are called from Tricky Dick only one of which can be loaded in memory at any one time and the Tracker a separate program Tricky Dick is a general purpose ZAP program for reading examining modifying and writing sectors While it performs just about all of the functions found in other sector editors it also has several new options which you will find useful A single key stroke provides you with a help scree
34. be used in classrooms and in management Tuesday June 5 at 7 30 p m Are There Computers After Feminism chairs a discussion of Mary Brown the differences in how girls and boys approach com puters how to interest women and girls in using computers Come prepared to discuss your experiences All EDSIG meetings are held in the Auditorium Build ing B of the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences on the campus of the National Naval Medical Center 4301 Jones Bridge Road Bethesda ee Washington Apple Pi OLeoneee ts ta Me by Jay Thal za ae eke Re RHR RR ER KR HR HR RK k DISABLEDSIG MAY MEETING THURSDAY MAY 10 1984 7 00 P M Chevy Chase Community Center Connecticut Ave amp McKinley St NW D C eee RR RRR Ke KE Re KR KR RR AEE In part it seemed like a convocation of speech therapists but there were also engineers computer experts teachers and parents of learning disabled children at the DisabledSIG s April 12 meeting It was one of our largest meetings ever the interest engendered by the earlier meeting with Laura Meyers reviewed elsewhere in the Pi and the speaker of the evening due in part to Or Sally Blackstone of Baltimore s John F Kennedy Institute spoke on the subject Prescribing Communi cation Aids for Handicapped People Though the flex ible Apple J is often one of the considered aids good practice and the application of engineering mode
35. between 20 and 5F inclusively If in this range bit 7 is set thus converting them to NORMAL which leads to the same quick exit out of CTRL Note that some CTRL special characters are also converted to NORMAL Once again however we are only interested in CTRL letters 3 Next we look for the remaining non CTRL which category includes ASCII character codes between 60 and 7F inclusively These encompass all the FLASHing s amp Special characters along with all remaining INVERSE special characters letters 4 Now for the finale We are presented with the final category of ASCII codes between 80 and 9F inclusively This looks like the CTRL letters we re interested in along with the remaining few CTRL special characters like a CTRL but what does a lower case CTRL look like Well line 423 converts all these CTRL letters to lower case Phew The PRINTOUT module simply performs a warm start to much earlier mentioned C102 protecting the A X amp Y registers in the process Following this are the key word indenting modules 1 With a FOR stored I indent as explained earlier 2 With a NEXT stored I first test to see if this NEXT follows a THEN as exemplified by Statement 410 in my Applesoft Driver If and only if it does not then I test the FOR flag DENTI If already 0 then execute the RTS What More NEXT s than FOR s Look at my Applesoft Oriver
36. e DISKETTES Disk Drive Rana 279 Franklin Ace 1200 Sys 1 899 Wabash SS SD 20 Dana Disk Drive Apple 239 Corona PC 2 2 6 695 Verbatim DS DD 10 40 10 MB Hard Disk Corvus 2 295 Franklin Fam Pac PRINTERS MODEMS o PRINTERS Gemini 15X 120 cps Call H Micromodem lle I Gemini Delta Grappler No Buffer 130 Anchor MK XII Epson FX80 160 cps Par Interface 79 Hayes S M 300 Epson 12x80 Call Grappler 16K Buffer 199 alsa oe a i 2 ant Cs Okidata 93P 729 mart Mode Hayes ida ij Epson FX100 160 cps PRINTERS Ltr Qual SOFTWARE Gemini Protype Call Zaxon e ACCESSORIES Silver Reed Exp 550 599 Master Type System Saver F 10 35 cps 1 195 Multiplan Applicard Wordstar One On One 16K RAM Card M Soft e MONITORS Sensible Speller Computer Desk S Gorilla GRN 12 Ascii Pro 80 col crd Videx Gorilla Amber 12 Koala Pad Micro Buffer il 16K AMDEK 300G GRN Flight Sim II Comp Paper 91 x 11 AMDEK 300A Amber Flip n File 5 Kraft Joystick 49 Color 1 13 AMDEK All orders subject to product availability Merchandise cash prices listed credit cards 3 extra 3 FRIENDLY LOCATIONS TO SERVE YOU _ Store Hours 10 AM to 6 PM Monday thru Saturday DON T OVERPAY CALL THE DISCOUNTERS AT THE MICRO CONNECTION 320 A MAPLE AVENUE EAST 6192 FRANCONIA RD 8228 FENTON STREET VIENNA VA 22180 ALEXANDRIA VA 22310 SILVER SPRING MD 20910 28
37. each program And you can divide your Applesoft program into segments and execute each segment as a library routine For example execute your program s start up segment as a library subroutine and then delete it to make room in memory for large arrays or the Tater segments of your long program MicroMaster works with Applesoft on an Apple II or e with at least 48K of RAM and DOS 3 3 in its normal location It works alone or jointly with your favorite editor e g GPLE or CRAE and programming tools like RENUMBER or APA No copy protection to keep you after purchase support including a periodic newsletter MicroMaster is available now for 75 add 3 shipping and handling Maryland residents add 5 sales tax MicroPower irn Call 301 495 2933 today We take VISA amp MasterCard 1100 East West Highway Silver Spring MD 20910 MicroMaster and MicroPower are tradenarks of Hier outs Ltd Apple and Applesoft are registered trademarks of Apple Compu May 1984 Washington Apple Pi er Inc Q 10 How can one write a format file to change ters e g change margins for the printer parame Imagewriter A format file as defined by Apple contains control codes that set up the printer for specific jobs It is not a different kind of file but rather a text file that can be used with a word processor or even a Basic program When your turn on your printer any printer not just the Imagewriter it sets c
38. garage sale day and partly because the evening meetings at the Pi office have not been convenient for me I live in Arlington and often work till 7 00 p m Perhaps all of my perceptions of the WAP would be clearer and maybe better if I d gone to a NEWSIG meeting Perhaps not Either way please take any comment I might offer in that perspective I m not an expert on how organizations are supposed to work nor on how WAP has worked in the past or is supposed to be working now I m writing out of a fascination and appreciation for the dynamics of a group like this and because your editorials as wel as several of your comments during the business part of meetings have given me the impression that you feel there s something wrong In the April Journal you asked What has happened to the concept of participative management alias democ racy Later you observed how surprisingly few members attend the weekly NEWSIG meetings While I can appreciate the stylistically exaggerated tone of your comments I myself as a newcomer have been sur prised by how much is done by strikingly few people in WAP Frankly I d expected to see a lot more grass roots action a lot more comradeship among members in general particularly because of the self help image one ascribes to any users group Simply put rightly or wrongly I was expecting more of a sense of community I would be quick to admit that such an expectation may be
39. has sent us demo copies of her Talking Screen Textwriter Program The program is a word processor for children o an Apple and an Echo II speech synthesizer Dr Rose grant is known for her work with exceptional children some of which was described in the February 1984 issue of the Smithsonian We have placed one of the demo programs with a school for special education for evaluation The results of the evaluation will appear in a later issue of the WAP Journal The other copy will be in our office for review Further information regarding the program can be obtained by writing Computing Adventures Ltd P 0 B0x 15565 Phoenix Arizona 85060 amp A Unique Summer Experience For Your Child Computer Programming in BASIC and LOGO Computer Graphics and Music Word Processing Session I July 2 13 Daily Swimming and Sports Session II July 16 27 Art Music and Creative Writing igloos 986 4929 BETHESDA e SILVER SPRING GRITHERSBURG ARLINGTON Ymca May 1984 13 ae MEET wt ta by Jay Thal On April 3 1984 the Education and Disabled SIGs held a joint meeting And what a meeting it was Those of you who missed it missed a presentation of great importance Moreover you missed Laura Meyers So who is Laura Meyers you ask Too easily someone might answer She s a PhD in the field of linguistics who works with disabled children But she is more than that part prophet part iconoclast she is achievin
40. in the Apple J What follows may be just the answer I have had an Apple JC for about 1 1 2 years and have recently purchased a Macintosh to accompany it I had developed some spreadsheets on the Apple J that I would hate to type in again and thought there must be an easier way With an Apple Super Serial Card in the Apple Jf and a serial port on the Mac I figured a connection could be made that would provide the ans wer I have little experience with serfal communica tions but I gave it a shot The primary reason for all this madness was so that I could use on my Mac some existing spreadsheet models and Macintosh programs I downloaded from Compuserve via my Apple J I had previously transferred several models from VisiCalc to Multiplan using the Multiplan Other mode under Transfer Options And after loading these models into Multiplan I saved them again but this time as a Symbolic file under Transfer Options and onto a separate DOS 3 3 ini tialized disk In order to start this project you will need to accum ulate several things all are easy to obtain and use The shopping list will include Hardware Super Serial Card or equivalent DB 25 male connector SSC connector DB 9 male connector Mac connector 7 or more conductor cable Soldering tron solder Wire stripper screwdriver Software ASCII Express Pro or other Apple J terminal soft ware for Mac MacTEP terminal software for
41. interested in serving as officers and directors next year were asked to submit their names for the June election The special meeting on April 21 to discuss the future of Washington Apple Pi was announced Applications are still being taken for Washington the parttime position of office secretary recept ton ist An announcement was made that WETA is seeking mentors for its computer tutorial program Members were invited to donate unwanted commercial programs to the commercial software library It was announced that hardware clinic advisors are listed in the WAP Journal Volunteers were sought to host Apple teas Two winners of the disk software library naming con test were announced C Swift Prop for the name Disketeria and Gerald Michalski for the slogan Software for Creative Living Summer tutorials were announced and requests for future tutorials were noted Group purchase reported and suggestions for up front group purchases were taken Topics for future meetings were solicited Questions for Bruce Field s Q amp A column were collected amp Shari UWS APPLE SIG meets on the second Thursday of the month at 7 30 PM The next meeting will be on May 10 at Walter Reed Institute of Research From 16th Street entrance go 3 4 around circle Go in North entrance of the 4 story brick building on your right and ask the guard for Room 3092 APPLESEEDS is the special interest group for our younger members
42. of BUSY the modem sends back NO CARRIER Also when connection has been made you must bail out using ESCape or RESET to actually get on line Remember that The following pair of linked conditional macros around these problems and also does log on as once connection has been established gets well Macro 1 AT OP 9868085 YC2 L1 iG WITH AE PRO la Macro Zi RI EH G 6 6 G G G yP9999 PSHD EF WP9999 PSWD is your WAP ABBS ID number and password of course Here is an explanation of these macro elements akk oT find that some delay is necessary for reliability AT DP 9868085 Commands modem to dial conditional macro symbol available on Apple J by prefixing the Y The Y of BUSY causes the macro to cont inue to the L1 portion C2 The C of NO CARRIER OR from CONNECT causes a jump to macro number 2 an initial carriage return 1 The T of CONNECT causes the macro to con tinue starting with the R1 The R dn to macro l NO CARRIER causes a jump back EH switch to half duplex temporarily delay G G etc Send a bunch of bells which the Apple emits as beeps since it is in half duplex This alerts the operator that a connection has been established NOTE enter the BELL character by prefixing i e type CTRL W then CTRL G the carriage return requested by the ABBS WP9999 PSWD log on sequence with carr
43. on his communication with a publisher for the book Pascal for the People It was announced that Richard Langston witlT organize the taping of meetings and tutorials The problems associated with cable TV s interest in the video tapes were discussed The outlines for the future of WAP and the budget update were reviewed A report on workmen s compensation for the office staff was pre sented The treasurer was directed to investigate the status of officers and directors liability insur ance Randy Paisley of Frederick Computer Club reported on their needs and wishes to affiliate with WAP Jay Thal announced the next meeting of Disabled SIG which will feature Laura Meyers and her work with computers and children without language The feasi bility of serving as a clearinghouse for software and hardware for people with special needs was discussed A request from the Philadelphia Apple users group to distribute our new member disk was discussed Other announcements included a government organized EXPO in April WETA s series on computer literacy and the election procedure The Board approved the purchase of a Corona hard disk for the ABBS MARCH GENERAL MEETING Apple Pi Ltd met at USUKS on March 24 1984 at 10 00 AM President David Morganstein pre sided Members were reminded to behave reponsibly at USUHS clean up replace chairs and equipment etc A volunteer was found to finish tabulating the question naire data Persons
44. output for the native mode object code it generates The first is output direct ly to memory where the code can be immediately exe cuted with the R command This is suitable for the development of relatively small programs and proced ures to be included in main programs Secondly object code may be output to a CP M COM file with automatic linkage of the Turbo run time library Ifa run time error occurs in a COM file being run from CP M Turbo informs you of the program counter value at the time of the abort If you re enter the menu system and specify the main program and the above P register value Turbo will automatically load the main program followed by any necessary include files and then place you in the editor positioned to the state ment which caused the problem Finally object code may be output to a chain file Chain files desig nated with extension CHN do not include the run time library and may be invoked at execution time via the Turbo command CHAIN CHAIN is analogous to a GOTO and neither parameter passing nor subsequent return to the caller is possible Information may be passed to chained modules via global variables declared at the beginning of the caller and all callees preferably via common include files Regrettably Turbo makes no provision for the development or linkage of object libraries Parameterized external procedures declared at absolute address locations are supported but Turbo provides no wa
45. per column but you do not need to format for this Just give it to us in whatever line width you prefer The only thing we need to know is where the paragraphs end line contd on pg 62 Washinaton Apple Pi CARRERE iG tj z7 cP vm OT Ie Vo Ia 4 ey Washington Apple Pi club library disk 402 contains on it a program entitled APLXFR COM conversion of Apple CP M text files Similar to Microsoft s APUOS in the other direction Also on this disk is a file named APLXFR DOC which is supposed to have the instructions for using the utility program which permits the to DOS 3 3 format utility that converts I encountered several difficulties in applying this Q directly ticular realizing RESET and RUN CP M DIR LA TOO LONG error has messed up some Kinmel ise TO bos from a cold boot of DOS 3 3 Master In if you run the CP M TO DOS first that you have the file name wrong par then do READER you will get a FORMU apparently because the binary code pointers for Applesoft LISTING OF CP M DIR READER utility First of all the operating instructions are 10 not accurate They imply that you can designate the 20 disk drive associated with each file for example 30 D1 Applefilename 8 cpmfile ext That does not appear 40 to be true The drives should NOT be specified in the 50 command Instead the file to be converted must be in 60 Drive 2 or Urive B under CP
46. specify the byte at which the display is to start After that last return the drive will start and 128 bytes of the requested sector will be displayed in hex notation mode 1 W You will be asked the track number and sector start numbers If you have not enabled the write you will receive an error message and there will be no writing to the disk E Edit In edit the cursor becomes a pointer gt which you may move using the I J K M commands U sends the position pointer to the upper left home 50 May 1984 0 lets you enter the desired location at which to put the pointer rather than move it there manually R permits selecting among three different ASCII formats normal inverse or flashing D converts the selected byte into two question marks and permits depositing the desired HEX value in that location C lets you select the slot and drive which enables or disables the default the write capability W activates the drive and writes the contents of a given sector to a track and sector that you specified F Format Select either hex H or alpha A M Mode View either 128 bytes 1 or 256 bytes 2 I Inrad Like its sibling Outrad Inrad Jets you specify the track sector data in either hex or decimal values Outrad See Inrad Next N reads the next sector to the screen Last L reads the last sector to the screen gt o r Z O Directory This is a mode in itself FILENAM
47. submitted to the Club DOS Library one simply 350 enters BRUN CP M TO DOS to use it And remember you 360 don t need CP M to use it though you do need two 370 Grives in slot 6 380 390 So far so good But the biggest glitch in using this utility even if you have CP M is that you must know 400 exactly the name of the file to be converted If you 410 make a mistake you ll have to re boot with CP M read 420 the O1Rectory then boot up DOS and try again If you 430 don t have CP M the utility is useless to you if the 440 file name is not known perfectly Now comes the fun 450 part I have written a program called CP M DIR 460 READER It allows you to read the Disk Directory of a 470 CP M disk using VOS The program is written in Apple 480 soft so it s a bit sluggish for casual use but for 490 the semicemergency situation described above it does 500 the Job Now even without a CP M card you ll be able 510 to determine which files on a CP M disk are likely to be text files these will include files with the 520 extensions DOC TXT and BAS files with COM will Gefinitely NOT be text files and convert those that 530 are text to DOS format CP M DIR READER has likewise been submitted to the Club Library 540 One last observation Both of these programs have a 550 few quirks which I haven t bothered to find fixes for 560 They may give you strange error messages if not run Washington Apple Pi May 1984 REM READ CP M DIRECTORY RE
48. table of contents Unlike many products associated with making archival copies of your purchased soft ware the CIA is not copy protected In fact the disk even contains a couple of protected tracks which you use for practice All of the programs can be moved to a standard DOS 3 3 formatted disk All in all a valuable buy Golden Delicious Software LTD 350 Fifth Ave Suite 330B New York N Y 10001 Price 65 00 This low end entry in the word processing field has a few nice features but may not meet the needs of those with serious applications It is fairly easy to learn because it does not have a large number of special control functions This is a mixed blessing since many such features can be quite handy I found the cursor control keys to be awkward to use scroll left is Ctrl Q scroll right is Ctrl E scroll up is Ctrl W and down is CtrI X Pen Pal PP does not permit you to use an 80 column board but does give you an eighty column feel via a left and right half of the screen viewed in 40 column chunks You can scroll the window left or right one character at a time or you can jump 27 characters at a time While this does the job I found it confusing since there is some overlap of characters and my eye took a while to sort out what I was seeing The program uses a typical format of two operating modes one for text Entry Edit and one for Display to let you see the formatted result However after edit or entry
49. that every time COM WARE Jf saves a group of numbers using the lt gt command it saves jt as PHONE LIST If we are going to fool COM WARE J into thinking there are only 26 numbers available we must RENAME our files each time they are saved It is also necessary to have a file called PHONE LIST on the COM WARE JE disk because it is the file which COM WARE J looks for when it is BOOTed You may The only Once the add as many phone number files as you like limit is the available space on the disk COM WARE J disk has been BOOTed it can safely be removed from the drive and replaced with another one If you have two or more drives the lt D gt DOS COMMAND works just like DOS 3 3 Just add a D2 to reference the disk in drive two COM WARE J will read from or write to the disk last accessed This should allow ample room for as many phone numbers as anyone needs One last step is required We must create a file called PHONE LIST for COM WARE J to use when 800Ting I would suggest deleting all the numbers in the PHONE LIST file in memory and entering the names of the files we have stored the actual phone numbers in in this case FRIENDS and BUSINESS This will serve as a reminder of which names you used to save the numbers If you have more than a few files this could be very helpful When you are satisfied with these names choose the lt gt option and save the PHONE LIST file to the disk The next time your COM WARE J d
50. the same order as in POSITION LIST The third have used on other occasions If we want to have a list LIST is the list to be changed previously defined procedure placed in this special and useful list form indicated above we need only use PRINT CHANGE 135 ZYX ABCDEFGH the TEXT operation The text operation requires the contd Washington Apple P1 May 1984 17 therefore returns the list Z BY OXFGH We now have operations that let us delete copy insert and change elements of Logo lists When we combine these operations with DEFINE and TEXT we can write procedures that will modify other procedures in the Logo workspace EXAMPLES We above will use the procedure DOUBLE NUMBER DELETE PORTIONS OF OTHER PROCEDURES DEFINE DOUBLE DELETE 2 TEXT DOUBLE changes the definition of DOUBLE NUMBER to TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT NUMBER 2 END It does so by deleting the second element in DOQUBLE s list of instructions and redefining the remainder as DOUBLE NUMBER COPY PORTIONS OF PROCEDURES DEFINE DOUBLE COPY 1 2 TEXT DOUBLE changes the definition of DOUBLE NUMBER to TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT CHI MOM END It does so by copying only the first and second ele ments from DOUBLE s definition list and redefining that list as DOUBLE INSERT PORTION OF PROCEDURE DEFINE DOUBLE INSERT PRINT APPLE PI 2 TEXT DOUBLE changes the defintion of DOUBLE to TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT CAPPLE PI P
51. their possibilities the next article will concern itself with the creation of the virus itself and with the development of a procedure in which it will operate LOGO FEATURES USED NEW COMMANDS AND OPERATIONS DEFINE TEXT RECURSION LIST PROCESSING References 1 The procedures introduced here will be discussed in detail by the advanced Logo group during this month s Logosig meeting 2 Apple Logo Language Reference Manual 3 The Molecular Biology of the Gene James D Watson W A Benjamin 1970 LISTINGS PPROP SYSTEM BURY TRUE TO CHANGE POSITION LIST ELEMENT LIST LIST IF EMPTYP LIST COP J IF EMPTYP POSITION LIST OP LIST IF EMPTYP ELEMENT LIST COP LIST MAKE X LIST CHAN EPOSTIION LIST sELEMENT LIST LIST END TO COPY POSITION SIZE LIST IF POSITION lt 1 OP IF SIZE lt 1 oP IF POSITION SIZE gt COUNT LIST CoP J IF EMPTYP LIST CoP OP COP POSITION SIZE LIST END TO COP POSITION SIZE LIST IF SIZE lt 1 Cop OP FPUT ITEM POSITION LIST COP POSITION 1 SIZE 1 LIST END TO INSERT ELEMENT POSITION LIST IF EMPTYP LIST CoP IF POSITION 1 COP FPUT ELEMENT INSERT ELEMENT sPOSITION 1 LIST COP FPUT FIRST LIST INSERT These procedures hint at Logo s symbol manipulating ELEMENT POSITION 1 BF sLIST power in ways not even mentioned in elementary or ENO intermediate texts or classes The type of problem is co
52. those of you you have a recent version of Vol 701 there seems to be a defect in this volume Hopefully in a couple of month s we will have a new version in the Disketeria which will have all the modifications needed to install it and will be able to accomodate Videx and e 80 column cards When this is accomplished we will describe in this column how to install the new editor its use and a few other facts you ll want to know In the meantime if you are interested in learning about this fascinating language there are two texts that the SIG recommends Starting Forth by Leo Brodie is an excellent beginning text a good mix of humor and work problems The other is the two volume set Forth Fundamentals by C McCabe in which he explains some of the advanced areas in a more complete way and gives many example programs The Forth SIG plans to use both of these texts during the tutorial meetings The next Forth SIG meeting will be held at the office on May 19 at 1 00 PM Planned topics are how the new screen editor is coming along just what is a stack anyway and am I insulting an ethnic group when I say Reversed Polish Notation amp Washington Apple Pt STUFF IMS bu J T pbem cry Usually COM WARE J the communications package comes with the Novation Apple Cat is jimited ag storing 26 phone numbers in the PHONE LIST file one for every letter of the alphabet This may seem enough to most people but there will alway
53. through June APPLE e INTRODUCTORY COURSE 4 hrs 100 Week night classes 6 8pm and alternate Saturdays 9am 1pm Learn the basic operating procedures of the world s most popular small computer Course includes three program disks NEW CP M OWNERS COURSE 4 hrs 100 Alternate Saturdays 9am 1pm Hands on instruction in this standard operating system A must for new owners of CP M based computers LOGO FOR TEACHERS 10 hrs 100 May 2 9 16 23 amp 30 6 8pm Workshop for teachers with no experience with this programming language for children Beginning concepts and practical methods for teaching LOGO in classroom APPLEWRITER Ile 2 1 2 hrs 46 April 24 May 29 or June 26 6 8 30pm Understand what a word processing system is and how it works Learn how to create revise letters and documents quickly and easily APPLESOFT BASIC PROGRAMMING I 6 hrs 65 May 7 14 21 6 gt m 8pm Hands on instruction for computer novices in this simple programming language Classroom exercises and optional homework assign ments APPLESOFT BASIC PROGRAMMING II 6 hrs 65 June 4 11 18 6pm 8pm Learn new Basic com mands and additional programming techniques Classroom exercises and homework assignments Prerequi site Basic Programming I or equivalent INTRODUCTION TO WORDSTAR 2 hrs 40 April 4 or June 6 6pm 8pm Learn how to create documents quickly and easily by using this popular word processing system
54. try to give priority to programs which accom pany articles in the WAP Journal so as to save mem bers the trouble of rekeying from Journal listings In general WAP has not been very selective in deciding which programs to include in the library Nor can we guarantee that our quick check of a program Means that it is bug free That is where you can help If you have a problem with a library program please fill out an Error Report Form You fill find the form in the back of your New Members Reference Book or at the WAP Office If you give us enough details we will contact the program s author and try to get the program fixed Remember that we are trying to expand the scope of the library and to fill up theme disks For example I am currently trying to fill a music disk and a game disk Help us by donating ADVENTURE BUGS We are fortunate to have a version of the Adventure game in our library Disks 114A and 1148 I have never played the game but I get rave reviews from people who enjoy such games The problem is that our most recent disks appear to have a variety of errors either out of data or missing Ctri D s in DOS commands If anyone has a functioning or correct ed copy of Disks 114A and 114B please call me so that I can correct this problem original VANISHING DISK Last month I reported on the debut of Spreadsheet template Disks 90 92 However Walt Francis Visi Column inadvertently incl
55. typed copy provided that you give us sufficient time to meet our deadlines e g it should arrive at the office by the 5th of the month But if you do use a word processor and your article is more than a page or so please submit it to us on a disk We will return the disk to you true we have been a bit slow in doing this but we will try harder We can accept most any file produced by an Apple J or e computer We use ScreenWriter which will accept any text file directly If your masterpiece is in a binary file format we can easily convert that with a pass through one of our handy dandy utilities to a text file If you use Pascal we can Huffin your file into a DOS text file We can convert CP M files to DOS files here we prefer a file that does not have justifying spaces and carriage returns after each line but we re not fussy about this We prefer to print all the articles and listings on our letter quality printer so that there is a uni formity of print If you have listings send them on a disk also We can convert Applesoft listings to a DOS text file as well as Pascal and CP M listings Machine language listings may present a bit of a pee so you might need to consult with us about at If you have special commands from your word processor i e underlining centering paragraphing etc don t be concerned about removing them We can convert them to commands for Screenwriter Our regular format is 54 characters
56. virus microworld THINKING ABOUT THE TOOL Think of a procedure as a set of instructions that tell the computer how to accomplish a certain task A Logo virus would be a procedure that somehow alters the instructions of another procedure for whatever purpose Our virus might accomplish this by DELETING INSTRUCTIONS The virus might cause the loss of specific or random instructions in the procedure also yielding good or bad results COPYING INSTRUCTIONS FROM ONE PLACE TO ANOTHER Though this is not necessarily something a virus might do there jis evidence that copying somehow takes place Let s include it INJECTING A NEW SET OF INSTRUCTIONS If the virus could place a new set of instructions in the proced ure all sorts of unexpected things could result even the production of new viruses CHANGING CERTAIN INSTRUCTIONS The virus might change This month s article is not derived from random one or several instructions though this might not contd 16 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi immediately produce new viruses it might predispose the procedure to a successful attack tater It would produce a better or worse procedure according to some criteria we will set With Logo we can create an environment in which the four activities described can occur giving the im pression of a Logo virus infecting certain other procedures in the environment SOURCES OF IDEAS BIOLOGY TEXTBOOKS
57. word goers PA A TAX 91C0 CE F8 95 152 DEC LINECHAR 9280 H OES 9100 8C BO 95 153 STY WOROLEN Set WORDLEN iat a a e48 BEQ SPACE 9103 20 66 92 154 JSR LINE 928F A9 FF 239 LOA FF s First print 9106 4C E4 92 155 SMP OUTWD 9291 8D C2 95 240 STA COUNTER WIDE LINECHAR 9294 AC 77 95 241 COUNT LOY LENNUM PREBLK 1 157 ORReeRAeaeeeeAnReeneRaReneneenet 9297 FO OF 242 BEQ BLK 3 alternating 9299 EE c2 35 243 INC COUNTER blanks and i DA COUNTER underlines a e ARE a a SEE ASEE aes LOX NUMRMK end of word gong D C3 95 247 DASH CEDA UNDER 91E1l DO 71 162 BNE STOREWD s if not ina 92A5 4C AB 92 248 JMP BEFORE contd 40 May 1984 Washington Apple P1 There s only one place to buy apples AT FREDERICK COMPUTER PRODUCTS As an Authorized Apple Dealer we offer a full selection of both Apple Hardware and Software at low low prices Also as an Authorized Service Center we provide fast and efficient service on all Apple products FREDERICK COMPUTER PRODUCTS INC Microcomputer Systems And Peripherals 5726 INDUSTRY LANE FREDERICK MD 301 694 8884 f appie computer e Authorized Dealer 41 Washington Apple Pi May 1984 92A8 AD C4 95 249 BLK LDA BLANK 9370 A2 CE 320 NO LOX N ANS gives 92AB 20 E6 94 250 BEFORE JSR PRINTOUT 9372 8E BE 95 320 STX ANS the result 92AE CA 251 DEX 320 OUT EOM End of Macro 92AF DO E3 252 BNE COUNT 92B1 AD C4 95 253 SPACE LDA BLANK 2nd print 9375
58. your question A Contrary to the way it sounds that you would There is no way to represent a RETURN using the specify the number of printed lines to be the normal delimiter However if you select number of lines of print per page you actually add another delimiter the for example follow the up the top margin bottom margin header footer line across to the Carriage Return column and you and footnotes and put that number in the print menu will see that you can represent a RETURN with the for of printed lines These must all add up to pound sign To remove unwanted returns from you less than the page interval which is usually set text respond to the Find command with i e for 66 Any difference between printed lines and replace every return with nothing You will have page interval will be made up with blank lines to reinsert the returns that marked the ends of paragraphs as this command removes all returns Q Is there a way to get more than 128 characters per footnote in Apple Writer Q When using the backslash to underline on a letter quality printer the symbol creates a space If A Yes When you are approaching 128 characters a period follows the underlined word it doesn t close the footnote add a space and open another look too good floating out in space footnote You can go on with your footnote in this way up to 1024 characters proba A Most printers have a command to backspace Several anyones cee a Bo printers
59. 1 1619 SIG Mac Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 NEWSIG Bernie Benson 301 951 5294 Pascal PIG Harry Bishop 703 931 4937 Jim Harvison 703 593 2993 STOCKSIG Robert Wood 703 893 9591 Telecomm SIG George Kinal 202 546 7270 Washington Apple Pi Ltd 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 Office 301 654 8060 ABBS 301 986 8085 Copyright 1984 Washington Apple Pi Ltd The end of an era is upon us A P P L E member 0001 is stepping down from his position as editor of the illustrious Calle A P P L E journal which has been published for some 6 years He also is stepping down from his position on the A P P L E hotline which he has manned over the same years and to which he has devoted long hours and many weekends He has provided many solutions to problems posed by Apple neophyte and professional alike A patient man filled with good humor and possessed with a gnomish grin Val Golding is pulling up stakes leaving old friends and rela tions behind in Seattle Washington and starting anew in San Diego He has joined forces with Roger Wagner formerly of Southwestern Data Systems and now Roger Wagner Publishing Inc and has taken on responsi bility for editing a new Apple magazine for kids 8 to 80 entitled Apple s Apprentice We have had many fun filled occasions to work with him in the past and we look forward to other opportunities to do so again All the best Val in your endeavors and in you
60. 1 1866 971 5800 495 5960 Washington Apple Pi May 1984 21 D 7 L Slo MAC NEWS Paga l y erbem 4 SIG Mac s second meeting opened with a decision to continue to hold the principal meeting after the main meeting and a second monthly meeting on the first Thursday of each month at the Washington Apple Pi office beginning in May This meeting will be devoted to programming Tom Warrick was elected chairman Ellen Bouwkamp columnist and Tony Anderson and Ron Grognet as disk librarians The three books available about the Macintosh are deemed by persons who have read them to be valuable primarily to those who are considering the purchase of a Mac Current Macintosh onwers were advised not to purchase them The SIG voted to request from Apple Computer Inc a free copy of Inside Macintosh which describes the Mac s ROM routines If this request is refused the SIG will request that Washington Apple Pi purchase a copy for the club library It is hoped that this will encourage WAP members to write public domain software for the Mac Currently there are no reference works for the Mac other than Inside Macintosh The manual gives lots of pictures and a little text but is poorly indexed As of the meeting only MacWrite MacPaint Microsoft BASIC and Microsoft Multiplan are available to Mac owners Sometime this summer a 68000 assembly lan guage assembler debugger for the Mac will be released MacBASIC is reviewed in
61. 168 SBC INIT do not 912C AD FE 95 83 LINNUM LDA ASAVE 3 LINECHAR 91F2 EO 78 95 169 SBC LONNUM 3 add lt CR gt N 912F CD C3 95 84 CMP ZERO 5 lt 2 5 If 91F5 E9 03 170 SBC 3 9132 90 05 85 BCC NOTNUM store If not 91F7 90 30 171 BCC COLON 9134 CO C7 95 86 CMP CLN set WORDCHAR 91F9 AC F7 95 172 LOY WORDCHAR Otherwise add 9137 90 03 87 BCC STORENUM 1 for the 91FC 88 173 DEY 3 amp lt CR 9139 4C 65 91 88 NOTNUM JMP QUOT s next word 91FD AD C7 95 174 LDA CLN 89 9200 99 7A 95 175 STA WORD Y 913C AD F8 95 90 STORENUM LDA LINECHAR Store len of 9203 8C BD 95 176 STY WOROLEN Set WORDLEN 913F 38 91 SEC number in 9206 CE F8 95 177 DEC LINECHAR 9140 ED C1 95 92 SBC INIT LENNUM amp 9209 20 50 93 178 JSR HIGH Do not add lt CR gt 9143 AA 93 TAX line number 920C AC BD 95 179 LDY WORDLEN after colon in 9144 BE 77 95 94 STX LENNUM 3 in LNHUM 920F AE F1 95 180 LDX MEMORY HIMEM LOMEM 9147 8E 78 95 95 STX LONNUM 9212 DO OF 181 BNE HILO 914A AD FE 95 96 LOA ASAVE 9214 AD C6 95 182 ADDCR LDA CR If all rqmts 9140 90 71 95 97 STA LNNUM 1 X 9217 99 78 95 183 STA WORD 1 Y are met then 98 921A EE F7 95 184 INC WORDCHAR add a lt CR gt 9152 8D CO 95 99 STA PREBLK 921D 20 66 92 185 JSR LINE after the 9155 A9 00 100 LDA 0 9220 4C E4 92 186 JMP OUTWD trailing 9157 8D F7 95 101 STA WORDCHAR X 9223 AD C5 95 187 HILO LDA CTRLA colon 915A AI 03 102 L
62. 235 Ssart Cat 300 R5 232 direct connect 173 Seart Cat 300 1200 as above 389 Cat 300 lainiature R5 232 direct cannect 105 SSM ModeaCard 300 baud audio esonitor eaulates Hayes 235 US Robotics Password 300 1200 baud auto dial answer 355 Anchor Automation Mark 12 300 1200 baud R5 232 269 Volksmcdem 300 baud R5 292 9 PRINTERS Epson FX 00 160 cps tractor single sheet graphical BY FX 100 wide carriage version of the above 679 RX B0F T 100 cps tractor single sheet graphics 379 RX 100 wide carriage version of the above 339 Ohidata 92 160 cps graphics BEST print for price 439 93 132 coluan version of abovel ns Toshiba 1340 144 cps draft BEST letter gual satrix 799 IDS Prise 00 200 cps buffer correspondence quality 999 Prise 132 wide carriage version of above 1149 Geaini 10X 120 cps wractoriningie sheet graphics 289 15X Jui da cane aga sase features as Epson HX 410 Itoh F 10 Starwriter 40 cps daisywheel Quae coepat 1099 A 10 18 cps version of the above 359 Transtar 130 18 cps daisywheel Diablo coepatible 615 Silver Reed 500 14 cps daisywheel goodbye typewriter 439 NEC 7710 55 cps daisywheel built like a tank 1973 Diablo 620 123 ry daisywheel ees ite Wines Baie eee nee eH 930 Quae Pram Ur 11 40 40 cps daisywheel 1349 INTERFACES amp Phaso U a
63. 331 BEQ NEXTLTR NEXTLTR 92E7 DO 08 277 BNE OVERKEY or inside 9370 A2 CE 331 NO LOX N ANS gives 92E9 AE F3 95 278 LOX NUMQTE skip test for 9372 8E BE 95 331 STX ANS the result 92EC 00 03 279 BNE OVERKEY ae eta 331 OUT EOM End of Macro 92EE 20 B4 93 280 KEY JSR REMARK Key words 92F1 AO 00 281 OVERKEY LOY 0 Print word 93A7 AE BE 95 333 tor m 92F3 B9 7A 95 282 NEXTCHR LOA WORD Y 93AA E0 D9 334 ye 92F6 CD C6 95 283 CHP CR 93AC 0005 335 BNE BACK i 92F9 00 37 284 BNE PRT 93AE AO Ol 336 LOY 1 Set LOMEM ee e FA 95 eae ee WIDE 9380 8C F1 95 au i st MEMORY flag 9383 60 cK 92FF ED F8 95 287 SBC LINECHAR 9302 ED BD 95 288 SBC WORDLEN 34O AAAReeaaRKaeheneARRHAAeheeeenaaeen 9305 8D BF 95 289 STA NUMBLK 9308 AE BD 95 290 LOX WOROLEN 342 REMARK PMC KEYWO RMK Keywd REM 930B BD 7A 95 291 LOA WORD Xx 9384 A2 D9 342 LDX y Compare your 930E CD C6 95 292 CHP CR 9386 8E BE 95 342 STX ANS listed word ya 9311 FO 03 293 BEQ REINIT 93B9 A2 FF 342 LOX FF s to this key 9313 CE BF 95 294 DEC NUMBLK 93BB AO 00 342 LOY 0 word This 9316 A2 00 295 REINIT LOX 0 Re initialize 93BD B9 D6 95 342 LDA RMK Y comparison is 9318 8E F2 95 296 STX NUMRMK flags flag 93C0 CD BD 95 342 CMP WORDLEN accomplished 931B BE F3 95 297 STX NUMQTE 93C3 DO OF 342 BNE NO by Ist checking 231E 20 84 92 298 JSR NEXTLN 935 E8 342 NEXTLTR INX 2 lengths 9321 AE F7 95 299 LOX
64. 6 0076 Arrangements Jim Taylor 301 926 7869 Demonstrations Signe Larson 703 524 4541 Jim Burger Shaw Pittman Potts amp Trowbridge day 202 822 1093 General Counsel Membership Dana Schwartz 301 654 8060 Program Cara Cira 301 468 6118 Publicity Chairman Hunter Alexander 703 820 8304 Public Relations Lee Raesly 301 460 0754 Rules amp Elections Bob Platt 202 223 1588 School Coordinators Virginia Barbara Larson 703 451 9373 Nancy Strange 703 691 1619 Mont Co MD Margie Stearns 301 657 2353 Pr Geo Co MD Conrad Fleck 301 699 8200 Special Publctns Betsy Harriman 202 363 5963 SYSOP Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 Tutorials Steve Stern 301 881 2543 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Volunteer Coord Boris Levine 301 229 5730 SIG Coordinator Bob Platt 202 223 1588 SIG Chairmen Appleseeds David Stern 301 881 2543 Apple Jerry Chandler amp 703 790 1651 Bill Hershey 301 588 1992 ASMSIG Ray Hobbs 301 490 7484 CESIG John Kapke 301 694 5968 Roy Rosfeld 301 340 7962 CP M Charles Franklin 301 997 9138 DISABLEDSIG Curt Robbins ABBS WAP428 or write 6114 Quebec Place Berwyn Hgts MD 20740 or phone John Molineaux 301 341 7391 EDSIG Peter Combes 301 871 1455 FORTH SIG Kevin Nealon 703 280 1136 Games SIG Jim Eatherly 202 667 2287 LAWSIG Charles Field 202 265 4040 LISASIG Gordon Stubbs 703 750 0224 LOGOSIG Nancy Strange 703 69
65. 60 Jeff Stetekluh 703 521 4882 Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 MX 80 Jeff Dillon 301 434 0405 Hayes Smartmodem Bernie Benson 301 951 5294 NEC 8023 Bill Mark 301 779 8938 Micromodem Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 Okidata Fred Feer 703 978 7724 Omn inet Tom Vier 1 6 PM 703 860 0083 Scott Rullman 301 779 5714 Source amp Transcend Jerry Michalski 703 442 8835 Silentype Bruce Field 301 340 7038 VISITERM Steve Wildstrom 301 564 0039 XTALK CP M Comm Bernie Benson 301 951 5294 Spreadsheets Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Corvus Hard Disk Tom Vier 1 6 PM 703 860 0083 Lotus 1 2 3 Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Multiplan Terry Prudden 301 933 3065 Expediter Compiler Peter Rosden 301 229 2288 VisiCalc Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Data Bases Spreadsheet 2 0 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 dBase II Loftus Becker 202 338 5217 MagiCalc Paul Bublitz 301 261 4124 John Staples 703 759 3461 Statistical Packages Jim Carpenter 301 371 5263 DB Master Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Mark Pankin 703 524 0937 Dave Einhorn 301 593 8420 Data Perfect Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Stock Market Robert Wood 703 893 9591 Data Factory Bob Schmidt 301 736 4698 General Manager Norman Bernache 301 277 6935 Tax Preparer H Soft Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 InfoMaster Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Time Sharing Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 List Handler Jon Vaupel 301 977 3054 Word Pro
66. 984 LAURA MEYERS sessions Meyers uses an Apple J with an Echo II speech synthesizer and a touch sensitive board Tech nologically it s nothing new but the approach and the critical software element are With the assistance of Anthony Villano and Jim Day both programmers Meyers developed software called Programs for Early Acquisi tion of Language PEAL Child s play is an often misunderstood term It is the work of children the learning of childhood PEAL applies the power of play to teach children who cannot play in conventional ways Play is meaningful it is a preparation doctor explorer and unfortunately warrior even emptying the contents of mother s purse Based upon the dynamics of culture PEAL applies the added principle of Cultural Resonance 3 With these and other principles in mind Meyers and PEAL turn the computer into a unique language pros thesis which provides ACCESS through special keyboards amp switches SPEECH for non oral or the speech delayed READING reinforced with speech for non readers WRITING letters and words voiced as typed PRINTING hard copy for those who can t control a pencil Cn WM For those of us who have been seeking software for children who learn differently PEAL appears to have secured the beachhead It is now for Meyers and oth ers to push the front lines forward Needless to say this writer as well as the rest of the large audi
67. A short visit to the nearest biol ogy text is recommended for those of us who have been out of school for a while I happen to have on my bookshelf another unreadable book titled the Molecu lar Biology of the Gene by Mr DNA himself James D Watson In such books one can read about the genetic code the mechanism of infection by viruses and about genetics in general They are good sources of ideas some of which can be expressed by Logo procedures LOGO REFERENCE MANUAL A brief review of the Logo Language Reference Manual presents us with a Logo command called DEFINE NAME LIST and an operation called TEXT NAME They act to turn lists into pro cedures and vice verse in a way that will allow us to create a Logo virus To better explain these two operations we will first construct a simple procedure TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT CHI MOM PRINT NUMBER 2 END This procedure requires a number input and prints out the phrase hi mom followed by two times the number that was input If we typed DOUBLE 3 the result would be HI KOM 6 When we define procedures we usually find ourselves using the Logo editor Another way to define pro cedures would be to use the command called DEFINE NAME LIST DEFINE requires two inputs The first input is the name of the procedure to be defined and is preceded by a quotation mark The second input is a special type of list the first element of the list is a list of th
68. E list F displays the descriptive data for the you specify Includes track sector location length address filetype D deletes the specified FILENAME S provides the disk a map of the in use and free sectors on x returns to main program T Test This will fill a given sector with a test pattern X eXit Returns you to Integer Basic P Params status This command displays the present C Change This command lets you specify the stot and drive you wish to activate and to enable a write or disable it Default is disabled CONCLUSION I have found General Disk Utility to be a practical tool for aiding my recovery of otherwise lost files But more importantly I have found it to be a means by which I could learn more about DOS and its tricks Together with Beneath Apple DOS the pair makes a good combination White Tt Ts true this program cannot match the power of commercial nibble copiers I think it deserves more attention and I believe anyone can profit from some experience with it Washington Apple Pi TURBO PASCAL PFulFitted j josh s FEl wPY Dill See ley A year or so ago quite a stir was raised in CP M circles when JRT Pascal was announced for 29 Many people saw this as an opportunity to learn about Pas cal without changing operating systems and without paying an arm and a leg for one of the professional CP M based Pascals 400 and up JRT has since gone out of business and rumor h
69. F8 95 128 TEST LDA LINECHAR T 5e ests 925A 90 79 95 213 STA WORD 1 X Store in WORD 9191 38 129 eee 925D CE FB 95 214 DEC LINECHAR Bea ED CL 0110 SD INIT 9260 AD C5 95 215 LDA CTRLA 9195 D 78 95 131 SBC LONNUM PRES se MEGS BS E3G JMP DONE tE R 3 95 r te EN 218 HRRAHRREARRERRARRERRRE REE AR RARE aoe eae Ine ae 9266 AD FA 95 220 LINE LDA WIDE Quantify the Q1A2 90 06 136 BCC EMPTY oe 221 SEC remaining 91A4 CE F8 95 137 DEC LINECHAR 926A ED F8 95 222 SBC LINECHAR tine space 91A7 CE CO 95 138 DEC PREBLK 9260 8D BF 95 223 STA NUMBLK H If ample QIAA EE CO 95 139 EMPTY INC PREBLK Count blanks 9270 ED B0 95 224 SBC WORDLEN print word 91AD CE F7 95 140 DEC WORDCHAR 9273 AB 225 TAY 91B0 AD C5 95 141 LDA CTRLA 9274 90 0E 226 BCC NEXTLN 91B3 4C 63 95 142 JMP DONE 9276 AE BD 95 227 LDX WORDLEN 9186 AD C4 95 143 ELEPH LDA BLANK If MEM flag 2279 BD 7A 95 228 LDA WORD X 9189 AE F1 95 144 LOX MEMORY set reset amp 227C CD C6 95 229 CHP CR 91BC FO 08 145 BEQ COMPLETE store Then 2271F FO 62 230 BEQ EXIT 91BE A2 00 146 LOX 0 word ends with 281 88 a DEY 91C0 8E Fl 95 147 STX MEMORY gt 2nd blank 9282 10 5F 232 BPL EXIT 91 3 4C 54 92 148 IMPSSTOREWD 9284 AD BF 95 233 NEXTLN LDA NUMBLK If not ample 91C6 AC F7 95 149 COMPLETE LDY WORDCHAR If no MEM flag 2287 18 234 CLC go to next 9109 88 150 DEY i ist blank shoug 9288 60 CO 95 235 ADC PREBLK line QICA 99 7A 95 151 STA WORD Y end of
70. IE AE GEE IE AE IE T JE IE E JE GE E GE dE AE Se ee E GE ee ee dE dE ap FE FE eH HE IE HE IE E E AE FE IE JE IE AE JE IE JE IE F IE IE JE IE I AE FE IE M IE HE IE FE M FE IE IE FE JE FE E FE IE AE FE IE IE JE AE E ME E IE IE AE IE FE FE IE IE FE HE FE FE JE FE JE FE HE IE FE IE FE JE FE E IE AE SE E E AE AE ME FE E HE e 96 AE TE FE SE TE HE FE SE HE 9G TE FE HE TEE JE SE JE ESE HE SE SE HE SE TE HEE aE aE EE Washington Apple Pi May 1984 59 TRAP i Gok SI T a When I finally got it into my head that a Binary File isn t magic I started taking more interest in learn ing about this fascinating and powerful aspect of pro gramming No longer do I tremble when a CATALOG shows a B listing instead of the safe and comfortable A I smile smugly and think rightly or wrongly I know what you are there in a B file is located the data needed to a hi res picture or reproduce a long docu form instructions for the computer or How versatile Right print ment just list information Then came the moment when I wanted to transfer a B file from one disk to another GADS It wasn t enough to LOAD and then SAVE It wasn t even enough to BLOAD and then BSAVE It wasn t that easy at all It was resistant to my earnest hopes and wishes Of course my J treasure knew what it needed all along but it wasn t talking AHA B files have addresses and lengths Now who would have ever thought of such a thing But there
71. Incredible Jack word processing data ra calci 119 Sensible Speller IV checks ANY file type 89 The Word Plus super lling checker J CP M 109 SPREADSHEETS amp FORTUNE TELLERS Multiplan P ET spreadsheet 138 VisiCalc Ti and ue bya available 165 SuperCalc power fu spreadsheet 179 INFORMATION MANAGEMENT dBASE II w ZIP screen generator 409 Quichcode dBASE program generator 168 The General Manager 2 0 cece eee eee 149 Thinktank electronic thought organizer 9 pfs File Report or Graph 0 eee eee 85 Infostar lincluding 6 Mhz 2 00 Applicard 299 Data Pae fact ro iaaa e E E E aks 99 08 Master 4 0 latest version 229 BUSINESS amp ACCOUNTING BPI Accounting AR AP PAYRILL INVENTORY ea acdule 247 Peachtree Peachpat GL AR AP all three 229 Collars amp Sense hose accounting graphics 9 The Accountant double entry bookkeeping systee 99 Home Accountant cece cece eet e eens 3 COMMUNICATIONS Ascii Express Professional for 005 9 3 89 Z tera Professional ifor CP M 9 Data Capture We cece cee tener eee 65 CoapuServe Starter Kit password user gquide 2 LANGUAGES Einstein Applesoft Cospiler 0 83 Softech UCSD p Systes Lannuon 45 Digital Research Pascal MTt L aaa 29 Microsoft Fortran 60
72. L Phaser Fire 29 95 21 95 High Orbit 29 95 21 95 i New SSI Cytron Master 39 95 29 95 f An i Galactic Gladiators 39 95 29 95 Guadalcanal Campaign 59 95 49 95 Borg 20 95 2195 x Cannonball Blitz 34 95 26 95 Deadline 49 95 39 95 at Marauder 34 95 26 95 Russki Duck 34 95 26 95 Snack Attack 29 95 21 95 x 202 364 0273 vee il UTILITIES y Southwester Data Munch a Bug 49 95 39 95 x The Routine Machine 64 95 49 95 Doubletime printer 149 95 119 95 x4 On Line Systems The Artist 79 95 59 95 VISA MC edd 3 include card no and expiration dato Insoft Allow 3 ks f chock to cl y COD s cave Ow donosi all COD enerosa 10 be paid by customer GraForth tt 75 00 Prices subject to change without notice ail items subject to availability Money order certified check cashier s check of bank wire deposit accepted y e Include full tetephons number on aill mai ordors c ALL Inctude 2 00for postago and handling por software shipment UPS DC residents add 6 tax if tax oxompt include number i for information i ebout our i MONTHLY SPECIALS il L _ a a a es ees ee oaa ee ee a ee eh a mh a Oma mee men 32 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi lt 1 1h foame Faune i 1h 4 HH eaaa Description List HARDWARE Disk Drives Micro Sci A35 w o Controtler A35 wiController Rana Eine One Elite Ono Plus Controller Quentin 500 Smb hard disk SM floppy drive Controller Card Monitors BMC 12A
73. M UNDER DOS 3 3 REM BY G KINAL REM WASH APPLE PI 1983 REM Cis E u E E E E E e E H 38400 HIMEM H1 256 HOME PRINT PRINT DIM FM 48 REM FILE NAMES REM Lais a SE KR KR eR RR Ke E REM POKE RWTS ROUTINE POKE 47084 3 POKE 47092 1 POKE 47083 0 POKE 47091 0 LOC Hl 255 REM RWIS BUFFER START POKE 47088 LO0C INT LOC 256 256 POKE 47089 INT LOC 256 POKE 768 32 POKE 769 227 POKE 770 3 POKE 771 76 POKE 772 217 POKE 773 3 PRINT READ CP M DISK DIRECTORY PRINT INPUT SLOT 6 DRIVE 1 OR 2 DN IF NOT DN 1 OR ON 2 THEN GOTO 260 POKE 43624 0N POKE 47082 DN PRINT PRINT PRINT PLEASE STAND BY REM READ CATALOG DIRECTORY FOR SK 0 TO 15 STEP 3 POKE 47085 SK CALL 768 FOR GP 1 T0 8 NX GP 8 SK 3 FM FOR CC GP 1 32 1 TO GP 1 32 13 FC CHR PEEK LUC CC 1 FM FM FC NEXT CC FM NX FM NEXT GP NEXT SK END OF STAGE 1 REM REM FILTER VALID FILES FOR NN 1 TO 48 IF FM THEN GOTO 580 IF ASC FM NN 229 THEN GOTO 580 REM DELETED OR EMPTY ENTRY FM NN MIO FM NN 2 11 REM STRIP OFF LEADING NULL IF ASC FM NN lt 65 THEN GOTO 580 REM BELOW A IF ASC FM NN gt 90 THEN GOTO 580 REM AFTER Z REM ELSE FM NN LEFT FM NN 8 7 MIDS FM NN 9 3 REM VALID FILE NAME EXT contd on pg 62 61 WAP TUTORIAL REGISTRATION The follo
74. Mac A Magazine or Compuserve MAUG Blank initialized Mac and Apple J disks The steps involve building a cable configured to the two physically different serial connections see Fig 1 Next you will have to type in or in some way obtain a copy of Dennis Brothers MacTEP terminal pro gram for the Macintosh This free program has appeared in several versions on Compuserve G0 PCS 51 then area XA4 and more recently in the May issue of A Magazine on page 94 You will also need an Apple J terminal package of some variety I used ASCII Pro and configured it to my serial card and to send receive at 1200 baud 8 bits no parity 1 stop bit I turned off most of ASCII Pro s special features and used only those essential for basic communication Finally I set the serial card to communications mode see Fig 2 After you have assembled the cable plugged it into the proper jacks and set the serial card switches as indicated you are about ready to start communicating Get your version of MacTEP and set the baud rate to 1200 If you have the A Magazine version you will have to change the first four switches of SWl on the Super Serial Card to ON OFF OFF ON so it will operate at 300 baud as this is the speed that is preset on 24 ARFEE orf May 1984 Schmitt Elgure 1 DB 9 0B 25 Macintosh Function Apple 3 Signal Ground 7 9 Receive Data 3 6 Data Terminal Ready OTR 20 7 Data Carrier Detect DCD 8 8 Shield Ground 1 5 Transm
75. Macintosh Complete by Doug Clapp MacPascal an interpretive Pascal Ts also a future programmer s tool There are several Apple Certified Software Developers in WAP They are planning to get together to explore the possibility of a cooperative that will enable mem bers to buy and sell items that WAP cannot buy or sell For more information contact Bob Platt at 223 1588 Michael Esserman 301 277 6582 is interested in being contacted by anyone who can help adapt the Mac and its software so that blind persons can use it There are two released version of Microsoft s Multi plan with release dates of January 23 and January 31 The former should be regarded as unreliable and even the latter has serious bugs in it To find out the date of a particular version open the disk select the Multiplan icon and use the Get Info to see when the file was created InfoWorld rated Multiplan as excellent Microsoft BASIC programs can be edited using MacWrite then saved as text for execution Compuserve s Micronet Apple User Group s MAUG Mac Lisa software and Mac Lisa hardware are excellent current sources of infomation about the Mac SIG Mac will attempt to obtain some of the public domain soft ware for the disk library Undocumented features of the Macintosh COMMAND SHIFT 1 will eject the disk By inference COMMAND SHIFT 2 is believed to eject the disk in the external disk drive Bouwk amp aE TA There is a
76. NT FILE 140 PRINT PRINT CHR 4 BLOAD FILE 150 HOME VTAB 5 160 PRINT FILE BLOADED PRINT PRINT 170 PRINT INSERT NEW DISK 180 PRINT PRINT PRINT PRESS lt RETURN gt TO CHR 34 BSAVE CHR 34 FILES 190 VTAB 18 HTAB 20 GET Z IF Z lt gt CHR 13 THEN 190 200 PRINT PRINT INVERSE NORMAL PRINT FILE FILES PRINT BSAVING 60 May 1984 RRIS BINARY FILES E r of 210 PRINT PRINT CHR 4 BSAVE FILE A PEEK 43635 256 PEEK 43634 L PEEK 43617 256 PEEK 43616 220 HOME VTAB 5 230 PRINT BINARY FILE FILE HAS BEEN LOADED ON NEW DISK 240 VTAB 12 PRINT PRESS lt RETURN gt TO REPEAT 250 PRINT PRINT PRESS Ae TO END PROGRAM 260 VTAB 22 HTAB 19 PR lt gt 270 VTAB 22 HTAB 20 GET Z IF Z lt gt CHR 13 AND 2 lt gt CHR 27 THEN 270 280 IF Z CHR 13 THEN 10 290 HOME END 1000 REM ERROR CONTROL 1010 HOME VTAB 12 PRINT WHOOPS TRY AGAIN 1020 FOR I 1 TO 1400 NEXT amp 1030 GOTO 10 IAL TICs Tike Ne INES We have had quite a few requests for guidelines for authors of Journal so articles in the Washington Apple Pi perhaps the following will help you to help us First and foremost we want your articles on any subject pertinent to the use of microcomputers in any size shape or form If you do not use a word processor we will type from handwritten or
77. OA 3 9226 4C 63 95 188 JMP DONE 915C 8D 79 95 103 STA SUB 9229 AD C7 95 189 COLONI LDA CLN 915F AD C5 95 104 LDA CTRLA 3 Output CTRL A 922C 4C 54 92 190 JMP STOREWD 9162 4C 63 95 105 JMP DONE 3 to get next char a N aa tans 192 PARRRARRRRRRARARARRARARARRAAAAARNA 107 na 922F CD C6 95 194 CRET CHP CR 3 lt CR gt 9165 AD FE 95 109 QUOT LDA ASAVE A quote 9232 DO 20 195 BNE STOREWD end of 9168 CD C8 95 110 CMP QUOTE 3 If so test 9234 AC F7 95 196 LDY WORDCHAR line 9168 DO 12 111 BNE EMPTY for number 9237 88 197 DEY Store lt CR gt 9160 EE F3 95 112 INC NUMQTE 3 of quotes 9238 99 7A 95 198 STA WORD Y 9170 AE F3 95 113 LOX NUMQTE If 2 then 923B 8C BD 95 199 STY WORDLEN Set WORDLEN 9173 E0 OL 114 CPx 1 reset to 0 923E CE F8 95 200 DEC LINECHAR 9175 FO 05 115 BEQ QTEOUT 9241 A2 00 201 LDX 0 9177 A2 00 116 LDX 0 9243 8E FO 95 202 STX NUMCLN _ Reset flag 9179 BE F3 95 117 STX NUMQTE 9246 AE F6 95 203 LDX DENT3 Reset IF THEN 917C 4C 54 92 118 QTEOUT JMP STOREWD 9249 FO 06 204 BEQ CRETI indent flag 120 RRARRRERRRRERRRAERRARRARRARRAERRERAER ae gt S a soe A ae aee ee ee EEES 9251 4C 14 92 207 CRETI JMP ADDCR Add 2nd lt CR gt 9182 00 55 123 BNE COLON 209 RRRAAHRERRRERRREREERAREER ARERR RRERE 9184 AE F7 95 124 TESTI LOX WORDCHAR Ignore blanks E0 02 CPX 2 gt that follow 9254 20 CD 94 211 STOREWD JSR CTRL Convert CTRL char eo a Te es ae Ua moc 918E AD
78. RINT CHI MOM PRINT NUMBER 2 END It does so by inserting the list PRINT APPLE PIJ in location 2 of DOUBLE s definition list then redefin ing the whole thing as DOUBLE DEFINE DOUBLE CHANGE 3 PRINT NUMBER 3 TEXT DOUBLE changes the definition to TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT HI MOM PRINT NUMBER 3 END It does so by changing the third element in DOUBLE s definition list and defining the result as DOUBLE FOR THE READER Figure out this new definition of DOUBLE DEFINE DOUBLE INSERT BF TEXT DOUBLE 3 TEXT DOUBLE IMPLICATIONS AND FUTURE ACTIVITY not a typical computing problem like calculating square roots to 1000 or drawing ellipses on the screen The possible results are not even predict able but the general outcomes are known This type of problem is one which cries out for list processing Try to do the equivalent of just those four procedures above in any other language LISP would be cheating When you come down off the wall take another look at Logo and come on over to our SIG meeting Being able to represent definitions of procedures as lists and being able to modify these definition lists with other procedures offers tremendous possibilities for the creation modification and destruction of procedures by other procedures The examples above did not even use regular list processing operations such as first butfirst etc Play with these procedures for a while and get a feel for
79. S 6327 Western Ave NW Wash DC 20015 202 363 1313 Highest Quality Lifetime Guarantee DISKETTES 5 4 soft sectored hub ring 1 65 envelopes double density double sided on APPLE drives 100 for 155 100 single sided for 149 Hard plastic stand up 10 diskette carrying cases 2 75 each 4 for 10 beige black blue green grey red yellow Smoked plastic flip top 75 diskette file cases 19 50 Heavy duty nibbling tool 22 Disk Drives 100 APPLE compatible 40 199 track full size Siemens type quality drives with manufacturer s 1 year warrantee Controller card 65 COD amp VISA Master Card orders welcome Add 4 for shipping amp handling only 2 for orders under 50 plus 6 sales tax for DC residents Send for our catalog VF ASSOCIATES Western Ave N W Wash D C 20015 202 363 1313 A LETTER TO THE Dear President and Editor Since you have now twice in the WAP Journal explored the reasons for the limited member response to your open invitation to brainstorm on the direction the Pi should pursue in the future I thought I d write to share an idea or two as a relatively new member I joined WAP about four months ago after seeing your table at the computer show at the Washington Conven tion Center I have attended all but one plenary meeting since then I have not attended a NEWSIG meeting partly because it was canceled the first Saturday I attended the general meeting
80. SIC just to keep you on your toes There are only 8 string WPL variables lower case a d and upper case A D Lower and upper case x y and z are the six numeric variables LINE 2 PSX 0 is equivalent to set X to 0 or LET X 0 LINE 3 PRINT is a label PNP tells the printer to print whatever is in memory at this time hopefully it is the document of which you want multiple copies LINE 4 PSX 1 is equivalent to LET X X 1 LINE 5 PAS X b is equivalent to LET b X This Washington Apple P1 WPL TO cus May 1984 TOMIZE K pave statement assigns the value of the numeric variable X to the string b so that the following comparison can be made LINE 6 PCS a b compares the value of the two strings a the original input string of the number of desired copies and b the value of the numeric vari able X which is the number of times the program has executed or printed out the contents of memory Now a familiar logic branch occurs If the comparison eval uates to true i e a b then the next statement is executed just like an If Then statement If the comparison evaluates to false then the next statement is ignored and the one following it is executed LINE 7 PGO QUIT sends the program to the statement labeled QUIT if the comparison statement evaluates to true LINE 8 PGO PRINT sends the program to the statement labeled PRINT It will be executed each time the com parison s
81. ST file in memory by using the submenu under the lt L gt command Select the lt gt DELETE NUMBER FROM LIST option and remove all the numbers you don t want included in this file Let s do the FRIENDS file first After you have deleted all the numbers you don t want in the FRIENDS file enter any new numbers desired Up to 26 numbers can be saved in each file lt gt SAVE LIST TO DISK option This will save the file in memory as PHONE LIST We must now RENAME the file FRIENDS This is easily done by pressing lt ESC gt to get back to the main menu then choose lt D gt to enter a DOS command COM WARE J will respond with DOS COMMAND Enter RENAME PHONE LIST FRIENDS and press return Now whenever the FRIENDS phone numbers are desired just select lt D gt from the main menu and then enter BLOAD FRIENDS A 2A4A and press lt return gt Dial the numbers as you normally would Choose the To build the BUSINESS phone list get back to the DIAL NUMBER FROM LIST menu by pressing lt A gt then lt L gt Use the lt f gt option to delete all the numbers from the PHONE LIST file in memory Press the lt ESC gt key to get to the main menu again Choose the lt D gt option again When COM WARE J responds with DOS COMMAND enter BLOAD OLD PHONE LIST A 2A4A and press lt return gt This will LOAD the original phone numbers file Now delete the phone numbers you saved in the FRIENDS file using COMA T Oe It is important to remember
82. TER This is the version I use By comparing the manuals for both I determined that Magic Window and ACEWRITER are the same program They are both pub lished by Artsci Inc and written by Bill Depew On this basis I approved an order for Magic Window II word processors for use in the Computer Applications class that I teach The programs are indeed very similar The files are completely compatible and stored with a MW following the file name in both cases Two commands are different To leave the editor with ACEWRITER press ESCape with Magic Window press lt Ctr1l gt A and The command to insert a line is different as well Otherwise they are basically the same program Both Magic Window and Apple Writer have features that allow the user to select excerpts from stored material to load into memory With Magic Window this must be planned for since the materia must have been stored as an unformatted file With Apple Writer no such planning is required however the careless user will find that there is no automatic memory clearing when a new file or portion thereof is added to memory Magic Window will clear memory between loading for penn files with a warning and your approval of course Apple Writer provides a programmed form letter feature that can use Quickfile records for addresses There are some other automatic features available as well but they are designed for business applications sel dom required by
83. UB units of the possibly indented left margin While this line number was being stored SUB was set equal to 3 see line 102 If the line number is 3 digits long for example then LINECHAR must be lt 5 units from the left margin to accomodate up to 2 leading blanks SUB is used as a parameter because it is reset to 4 later line 270 to accomodate the possi bility of a multiple instruction line Look closely at one of your printed listings wherein colons are used to separate instructions See the blank that follows some of the colons This means that effec tively there are sometimes a total of 3 blanks follow ing the program line number that is when I put the separate instructions on different lines Lines 137 138 insure that the first non blank character of each separate instruction begins with the same count If the blank I ve found isn t trailing your line number then I store this blank as the last character of the word in the sub module COMPLETE as well as set the word s length line 153 Notice here and anywhere I just store characters in WORD that I decrement earlier I would address the variable Well every time I detect a leading blank after the program line number I naturally increment PREBLK line 139 But why The answer has to do with that string of alternating blanks amp underlines addressed earlier in particular their numeric count When I get to printing out that string I will
84. Volume 3 No 8 1 00 April 1982 Volume 4 No 4 0 50 October 1981 Volume 3 No 9 1 00 May 1982 Volume 4 No 5 0 50 Nov 1981 Volume 3 No 10 1 00 June 1982 Volume 4 No 6 0 50 Dec 1981 Volume 3 No 11 1 00 July 1982 Volume 4 No 7 1 00 August 1982 Volume 4 No 8 2 00 January 1983 Volume 5 No 1 1 00 Sept 1982 Volume 4 No 9 2 00 Feb 1983 Volume 5 No 2 1 00 October 1982 Volume 4 No 10 2 00 Mar 1983 Volume 5 No 3 1 00 Nov 1982 Volume 4 No 11 2 00 May 1983 Volume 5 No 5 1 00 Dec 1982 Volume 4 No 12 2 00 June 1983 Volume 5 No 6 2 00 July 1983 Volume 5 No 7 2 00 Jan 1984 Volume 6 No 1 2 00 August 1983 Volume 5 No 8 2 00 Feb 1984 Volume 6 No 2 2 00 Sept 1983 Volume 5 No 9 2 00 Mar 1984 Volume 6 No 3 2 00 Oct 1983 volume 5 No 10 2 00 Apr 1984 Volume 6 No 4 2 00 Nov 1983 Volume 5 No 11 2 00 Dec 1983 Volume 5 No 12 4 50 Inside Apple Pi 4 00 New Member Reference Book 8 50 New Member Reference Book amp Disk Includes postage Total No of issues at 0 50 Total No of issues at 1 00 Total No of issues at 2 00 f Inside Apple Pi at 7 50 New Member Ref Book amp Disk at 8 50 New Member Ref Book at 4 00 a Postage if any U S 1 to 4 back issues add 50 each Foreign add 1 50 for each back issue add 2 50 for Inside A
85. WORDCHAR 93C6 C8 342 INY If then 9324 BD 78 95 300 LDA WORD 2 X i 93C7 EC BD 95 342 CPX WORDLEN each char 9327 CD C6 95 301 CMP CR 93CA FOOD 342 BEQ OUT 1s checked in 932A DO 19 302 BNE OVER 93CC B9 D6 95 342 LDA RMK Y the loop 932C 20 A3 94 303 JSR lt CR gt Double space gt the loop 932F 4C 45 93 304 JUP OVER at eni p 93CF DD 7A 95 342 CMP WORD X the label 9332 20 E6 94 305 PRT JSR PRINTOUT the Tine ate Hs A NO ian ce a Sun R Bai a Hs encik 9306 8E BE 95 342 STX ANS the result 9339 90 B8 308 BCC NEXTCHR 342 OUT EOM End of Macro 9338 18 309 NEXTWD CLC 3 Incr 933C AD F8 95 310 E T i a reece 9309 AE BE 95 344 LOX ANS 933F 60 F7 95 311 ADC WORDCHAR a bk length 93DC E0 D9 345 CPX ey 9342 8D F8 95 312 STA LINECHAR ar E ee OR ee BI Gee oe LOER LOE tO Re initialize 93E2 8C F2 95 348 STY NUMRMK flag 8E F7 95 314 STX WORDCHAR WORDCHAR i Flag 934A AD C5 95 315 LDA CTRLA meeps 20 343 RTS 9340 4C 63 95 316 JMP DONE 351 SRARARARARREREREEEEERRRERERERERREDE 318 RRAAREARAERREEREREEERERRRERERERREEH a 353 FOR PMC KEYWD KEY1 Keywd FOR i 5 LOX y Compare your ere a HIGH pe TETIT NEHD Keywd HIMEM 93E8 8E BE 95 353 STX ANS Hsted word 9352 BE BE 95 32 Compare your 93EB A2 FF 353 LOX P FF to this key 9355 A2 FF 320 LOX FS a te thie tar Bee A000 5353 LOY 0 word This 9357 A0 00 320 ray ad i to his kiy 93EF B9 DA 95 353 LDA KEY1 Y
86. a tions system without the auto dialing We offer you the Axis APS modem our interpretation of what acomplete communications system should be Built with our dedication to quality the Axis modem features Micromodem II Software Compatability Auto Dial Auto Answer 1 5K Firmware Program for stand alone operation The Axis Communicator Software Stand Alone Operation no need for a serial interface Full Half Duplex Operation Serial Asynchronous Binary Data with options of 7 or 8 Data Bits 1 or 2 Stop Bits Odd Even or No Parity 9 300 BPS 10 Bell System 103 Compatability 11 1 2W Power Consumption 12 Documentation with Programming examples 13 User Friendliness installation amp use in less than 5 minutes 14 A One 1 Year Warranty The Axis Communicator includes Auto call Answer and Pickup Basic File Transfer Binary File Transfer and Text File Transfer BAS Se UON m MICROMODEM Il SOFTWARE COMPATIBLE ee ee a eee ee ae Se Fame Panes ot ane SR Tae oe A A E s s e ve Sea oe 7S r ar ees LW te HE ye fa ar ce Centauri Distributing Company 416 East Hennepin Suite L 15 Deal ea Minneapolis MN 55414 ee a Ad ealer Inquiries Toll Free 1 800 328 8322 ext 331 iiidid iiih i Welcome In Minnesota 612 379 5312 Micromodem II is a Trademark of Hayes Microcomputer Products Inc Apple is a registered Telex 820800 Trademark of Apple Computers Inc Networker is a Trademark o
87. a disappointment to us the first piece of software many will consider jis a language to allow you to program it The only currently available choice is Microsoft Basic the well known and widely used standard Or lb y anc In this brief note we provide some speed comparisons since our first experiences with the Mac version made us realize that while faster than other BASIC altern atives it was not as fast as we think it should be Last month a note indicated that Microsoft s Multi plan appeared to be nine times faster on the Mac than in Apple CP M Their BASIC appears to be little more than twice as fast as the CP M version running at the standard 2MHz clock speed This indicates that a faster 280 card using Microsoft BASIC running at 6MHz would complete tasks more quickly than the Macintosh version We will be in touch with Microsoft to inquire why this is so as it seems surprising In the table below you will find the results in sec onds of five tests The first two compare the speeds for writing and reading numbers Sequential files were used for the test The next comparison is of a bubble sort of numbers which had been randomly gener ated The fourth test was a simple empty loop The last test was to add the first k digits All versions tested got the same correct answers The first three tests which depended on random numbers were repeated several times to insure that the accu racy of the results did not depen
88. as it that its late lamented version of Pascal while worth 29 was not without its price in quirkiness and unreliability With the recent announcement by Borland International of Turbo Pascal for 49 95 it looks as if someone has gone and done it again The same questions which were asked about JRT Pascal will be asked again of Turbo Pascal at this bargain basement price what are the limitations what s the catch After working with Turbo Pascal for about a month I am happy to report that the limitations are few and I haven t as yet found any gotchas I can only wonder how Borland can market such an excellent product for so little Let me count the superlatives The feature which initially sold me which I found out not from the ads but from a review in Microsystems is Turbo s provision of a full screen editor which completely supports Word Star s editing commands I am teaching my son Pascal and since he already knows Word Star and the rudiments of CP M I figured that this product would eliminate the need for him to learn another editor and set of operating systems commands e g the UCSD p System which we also own and would allow him to concentrate on the Pascal language it self In fact the Turbo editor works almost exactly like Word Star but alas provides no help which by itself could justify the purchase of this product More importantly the editor is integrated quite nice ly with the compiler and the re
89. ause the program adapts itself to any equipment the user may have A driver diskette con figures the program when it is booted up The driver 56 May 1984 Ane Teacher 5 Moeller APPLE Review holds the configuration information and the diskette Making a driver diskette files created by the user is very simple just answer three questions about what kind of equipment you use If necessary the disk will be initialized at the same time With Magic Window what you see is what you get Mar gins and spacing are set before typing begins just like with a typewriter The user can see how the material will look as it is being entered Columns can be edited with ease It is easy to arrange materia in complex displays and change i without concern that it will print as desired In order to add material with Magic Window the user must make room Press lt Ctrt gt T to split the line where material is to be added and type Space for the added lines will be made as typing continues Then lines can be closed up by using lt Ctr1 gt G for glue Of course Magic Window has a wraparound feature and cut and paste Magic Window seems to have no limitation on speed of typing If the user has a good keyboard Apple e and Franklin ACE are both fine Magic Window is just as efficient to type with as an IBM typewriter even at speeds close to 100 words per minute Magic Window goes under disguise as FRANKLIN ACE WRI
90. ays or its advertising says it will do Does the reviewer write from a biased position Of course he does Other similar programs have shaped his opinion In my case fragmented or otherwise flawed documentation sours my estimations Hopefully again the reviewer is not also the program s author or a relative or even an employee of the program s publisher That would constitute unfair bias And as to the qualifications of the reviewer they are in my estimation twofold The reviewer must be a program user but not necessarily a computer soft ware or hardware expert The reviewer must also be more facile with the American English language than he is with either high or low level computer languages Modesty prohibits comments on my personal facility in that communication medium Washington Apple Pi May 1984 PRINTER SPECIALS DM dot matrix LQ letter quality 10 15 carriage parallel type Best DM print quality Oki Data 92A 160 cps DM10 429 DM15 765 Best repair record Prowriter 8510 120 cps DM10 349 Best Epson compatible Gemini 10X 120 cps DM10 289 DM15 429 Most features Delta 10 160 cps DM10 479 DM15 599 7 color model Transtar 315 50 cps DM10 462 Fast Letter Quality Printmaster F 10 55 cps LQ15 1395 With keyboard amp keypad AJ831 30 cps LQ15 749 Portable Letter Quality Transtar 120 14 cps LQ13 449 INTERFACE CARDS for Apples standard 49 graphics 75 VF ASSOCIATE
91. before and after school for children Currently in the planning stages is a summer LOGO workshop to be held at Taylor Elementary School for 30 staff and 60 children who will be entering grades 5 or 6 in the Fall of 1984 Children are motivated and staff are enthused the potential of LOGO as a teaching tool about LOGO VIRUS by Ron Murray Ron writes the first of a multi part article on Logo Virus concepts In it he shares how to use the DEFINE and NAME Logo commands to Change Insert Copy and Delete elements from a list and therefore from proced ures The reader is encouraged to try his FOR THE READER assignment the answer will be given next month Anyone interested in learning more should come to the LOGOSIG meeting and attend Ron s advanced project team Logo Virus or I Have A Code In My Nose part I Nancy Strange thoughts collected while watching The A Team on television but from ideas accreted while recovering from a bad head cold THE SITUATION In the midst of antihistamines and kleenex I began to think about how viruses the source of my misery work their wiles on other organisms Viruses have been referred to as parasites at the genetic level When a virus enters a cell it breaks down releasing its chromosome s into the cytoplasm of the unfortunate cell This chromosome serves as a template to direct the synthesis of new viruses The virus manages this feat by providing a new set of instru
92. but they might not be accustomed to getting involved in the tedious detail of projects All other differences between WAP members aside it seems that there are two types of people in WAP those who have almost unlimited resources and can afford to pant and drool at the sight of any new hard or soft ware and those who must make do with limited re sources and want to focus on learning the best way to get their older simpler machines to do more at little or no expense It s the difference between the guy who sees the Pi as a forum for discussing new products and the guy who wants to learn neat little tricks that are going to help him squeeze a little more serv ice out of his Apple J without buying something new This dichotomy in the membership is sure to have some effect on the level of member involvement I can t say how successful Pi activities have been at reaching a balance between these two groups desires You would have a much more balanced perspective on this than I would but at several meetings I have felt that discussions not only focused a lot on new things but on expensive new things Perhaps I m wrong but I personally think that a num ber of demonstrations could be done without a lot of talk about new products In fact it s often just as exciting to learn a new trick with old software than to buy something new During the last meeting I read Bruce Field s Q amp A explanation of using the embedded command V l
93. ce Manual also in the printer manual the ESCAPE control code is found to be ASCII code 27 Thus to send ESCAPE E from Applesoft PRINT CHR 27 E Some times the printer manual will just give you the code number but not the name This is no problem from Applesoft the CHR function works with the number not the name Most word processors however have a special method for embedding control char acters in the text For Apple Writer e you first press Ctri V then any control character you type ESCAPE for example will be entered into the text rather than being treated as an Apple Writer com mand ESCAPE is the key labelled ESC on the Apple keyboard Apple Writer II works the same way as Apple Writer e for all control characters except ESCAPE ESCAPE must be pressed 3 times from Apple Writer II to enter it once into your text You must then press Ctri V a second time after you have typed the control character to get back to the reg ular text mode For the above example you would type this sequence in Apple Writer e Ctri V ESCAPE Ctri V E This is fine until you run across a printer manual that says to do underlining send the following characters CHR 27 X What they are telling you is what the Applesoft command is to set the printer not what you should type into your word processor The CHR is an Applesoft function that prints the ASCII code enclosed in the parentheses You need to find how to print code 27 from your wor
94. cessors Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Graphics Bill Schultheis 703 538 4575 Apple Writer II Doug Daje 301 868 5487 Dianne Lorenz 301 530 7881 Languages A Applesoft I Integer P Pascal M Machine Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 A Peter Combes 301 445 6188 Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 A I Jeff Dillon 301 422 6458 Executive Secretary Louis Biggie 202 296 1280 A Richard Langston 301 258 9865 Format II Henry Donahoe 202 298 9107 A Mark Pankin 703 524 0937 Gutenberg Neil Muncy 301 251 9330 A Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 Letter Perfect Cara Cira 301 468 6118 A 1 P M Bitl Schultheis 703 538 4575 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 A I M Richard Untied 703 241 8678 Magic Window and II Joyce C Little 301 321 2989 M Raymond Hobbs 301 490 7484 Peach Text Carl Eisen 703 354 4837 P Dottie Acton 301 428 3605 PIE Writer Apple PIE Jim Graham 703 643 1848 P Donn Hoffman 202 966 2616 ScreenWriter II Peter Combes 301 445 6188 LOGO Ron Murray eve 202 328 3553 Supertext II Doug Daje 301 868 5487 LISP Fred Naef 703 471 1479 Peter Rosden 301 229 2288 Word Handler Jon Vaupel 301 977 3054 Macintosh Computer Tom Warrick 301 656 4389 Christopher Romero 703 471 1949 Donald Schmitt 717 334 3265 Word Star Christopher Romero 703 471 1949 Calls up until midnight are ok May 1984 Washington Apple Pi APRS TENO WAP jis conducting small discussion groups around the D C area Below you will find a list of volunteers who will be
95. ch appreciated input on our printed pages Best of luck to you Lofty MOST RECENT VERSION Look in this issue for a listing of the most recent version numbers of well known com mercial products It occurred to us that many people who have sent in the registration card accompanying their commercial software do not receive notice from the company of updates I thought of this regarding my Microsoft Multiplan for the Mac reputed to have a few quirks having read somewhere that there is already an update out there True or False Read Mac Notes to find out If you find that you have a more recent version number than we show please call or write us with the number We will revise the list and republish it next month We will repeat this every several months and see if you find it a useful way to keep in touch with the evolution of that commercial program you bought CORNER MorGanstein and help for those members trying to overcome the information shortage in which they find themselves Keep your eye on these pages for news tips and oppor tunities Our application form is being changed to recognize what we think will be a large group of soon to be owners Rich Wasserstrom has indicated that interest in a group buy is rapidly reaching the one hundred mark Our ability to obtain a good price will depend almost entirely on quantity once the Mac becomes readily available If you can hold out a bit we may be able to get substant
96. ct is a function in the Texts module which returns a value to tell us whether the file has been successfully connected to the text stream If the value equals TextOK then the connec tion was made successfully Our plan is hooked to the gate All following reference to the information in the file will be to the text stream t not to our file f For example line 69 reads the next line from the text stream until the next CR and stores it in a string named line ReadLn t line To check if we have read up to the end of the text stream we call a procedure that returns a Boolean value called EOT for end of text If EOT t is true then the drill is over and our program is done CLEANING UP At the end line 118 tests for EOT again and EXITs the program Modula automatically closes all files at the end of the program But if we wanted to be perfectly proper about things we could have called Disconnect to decouple our text stream from our file and then closed our file I should note that module Texts is not the only way to read text files Another module InOut will achieve the same results without using the intermediary device of text streams In fact the Texts module routines expected answer and computer responses Somehow the call the InOut routines for their actual input output Modula program must find and read in the text file operations Here s how it s done Ed Note What happens if you re at the w
97. ctions to the machinery responsible for the functioning and repro duction of a cell The infected cell manufactures copies of the virus rather than doing what it s supposed to do This creates problems for the cell as well as for the organism of which the cell is a part The study of viruses provides an interesting view into genetics and provides an opportunity for us to think about creating sending and destroying instructions in a particularly Logo fashion A computer program can also be seen as a set of instructions that eventually produce a desired result much like the sequences of nucleic acids in DNA DeoxyriboNucteic Acid eventually direct operations within a cell When we write and run our procedures we spend some time in making sure that the procedure does exactly what we want it to with few side effects or surprises Because this creative process is under our control we usually don t have to worry whether or not our efforts will be subverted by some smart aleck process that changes our procedures to suit its pur poses That doesn t mean we should not think about how such a thing could happen or construct procedures that would do so Pursuing this line will teach us a little about writing procedures that modify themselves or other procedures and that can work behind the scenes to produce subtle or fatal mutations of prev jously defined procedures We will try to borrow some ideas from genetics and apply them to a Logo
98. d Kalash s Apple Pascal Games using the Turbo editor It took us approximately 15 minutes to make the conversions necessary to get it running properly under Turbo Pas Apple cal The major changes were the substitution of READs and WRITEs for GETs PUTs and file variable assign ments plus a minor rewrite of the randomization routine One final kudo the Reference Manual In addition to all of the above Borland throws in a 254 page bound manual providing complete documentation of the editor the development system and the compiler directives plus a thorough description of the Pascal language beginners will still require a tutorial honetarik The manual is well typeset clearly written and con cise and contains numerous examples to illustrate the various language features It is extensively indexed and provides over a dozen appendices which include the language syntax in Backus Naur Form as well as lists of all compiler run time and 10 error mes sages The description of the terminal installation procedure which must be performed before the full screen editor can be used is quite straightforward Turbo Pascal provides support for over 30 standard terminal types plus the capability for custom termi nal definition if necessary While Turbo Pascal did not directly support any of the Apple s 80 column cards at the time I installed it many 80 column cards can emulate common terminal types which are in turn recognized by Tu
99. d of Macro 94FF EE F4 95 440 INC DENT ywd FOR a AE BE 95 373 LOX ANS 9502 4C 31 95 441 JMP INDENT Indent 74 CPX ery 946E D0 03 375 BHE THEN 9505 AD F6 95 443 INDENT2 LDA DENT3 Keywd NEXT 9470 4C 16 95 376 JMP INDENT3 9508 DO 0B 444 BNE IND2 If after THEN 950A AD F5 95 445 LOA DENTI no indent 37B OneenneeeeeeRenheeneenneeneeenne oon a My 95 i PEQ IND2 EC DENTI For nested 380 THEN PMC KEYWD KEY4 Keywd THEN sees F4 95 448 DEC DENT loops eee ee op papare ge ee cRn 2 listed word gus ag PE S Mo iar ater UST Mice SSIS EE FS 95 as aMENTD INE DEMIS Keys UF 3af 0 BD 96 aay LOA KEYA Y o Tarin ii 951A 18 454 9482 to ae 95 a a WORDLER accomplished 951B AD F5 95 455 a LDA DENTI A 9484 E8 380 NEXTLTR INX act checking 951E 60 F6 95 456 ADC DENT3 9485 C8 380 INY Bie He 80 F4 95 457 STA DENT 9486 EC 80 95 380 AD FA 95 458 LDA W 9489 FO 0D 380 EQ OUTS Se enced in geen 459 sec line beire 948B B9 E6 95 380 LDA KEY4 Y the loop 9528 ED F8 95 460 SBC LINECHAR indenting 948E DD 7A 95 380 CMP WORD X the label ote ere STA NUMBLK 9433 A2 cE ee BEQ NEXTLTR NEXTLTR Aa CEE Ged ge eee JMP NEXTLN 380 NO ye gt saysa 9495 BE BE 95 380 oy ME me ry 464 Retenenaneeneanenennenenreenenteen 380 OUT 4 EOM End of Macro 9531 AE F4 95 466 INDENT LDX DENT This indents 9498 AE BE 95 382 LOX ANS SAAE AT 467 BEQ RET i prop to DENT gt 949B EO D9 383 CPX y
100. d processor This will probably require that you look the code up in an ASCII table characters Should the disk drive door be left open or closed when not in use I am sure that no matter what I say someone out there will take the opposite viewpoint Seriously though if you leave your computer on all the time and leave a disk in the drive with the door closed then if there is a power failure when the computer comes back on it will boot DOS instead of turning on the drive and running forever On the other hand if you are referring to closing the door when the computer is turned off I am of the opinion that in a reasonably clean environment the disk drive door should be left open Closing the door with no disk in the drive lets the pressure pad which is coated with oxide residue and other garbage come in contact with the read write head Why can t I do double Hi res graphics on my J From all I have seen it requires extra memory but not 64K of it Is there some way to superimpose both HGR and HGR2 screens at once or preventing the Apple from skipping each other line In addition to the extra memory in the e to do double Hi res the graphics circuits have been modified There are actually two Hi res 1 screens and two Hi res 2 screens in the e with the 64K extended memory and both Hi res 1 or Hi res 2 screens can be displayed simultaneously to produce 560 X 192 resolution graphics In your J the circuits are not designe
101. d to display both Hi res screens at the same time it s one or the other However some interesting double Hi res effects can be done on the J if you realize that turning on the color shift bit the eighth bit shifts the dots on a monochrome monitor a half bit position to the right If you were to plot on Hi res screen 1 with HCOLOR 3 or 1 or 2 and plot on Hi res screen 2 with HCOLOR 7 or 5 or 6 and then rapidly switch the screen being displayed on the monitor back and forth between 1 and 2 this would have to be done from machine language you would have 560 X 192 resolution I am trying to interface an Apple to the Telex I Service Telex I assumes that the terminal is a Teletype using 5 hole punch tape I have written the necessary software to communicate with Telex I in its 5 level Code but I am unable to get the Apple s RS232 Driver to send 5 data bits or find a modem that can work with 5 data bits Any suggestions First let s deal with the modem problem The elec trical signals generated by a computer are not compatible with the telephone lines A modem is simply a circuit to convert the computer signals into tones that can be sent over the telephone The number of data bits stop bits or whatever are of no concern to the modem You do have to worry about the speed with which the data is sent however Teletypes communicate at yawn 110 baud so that any 300 baud modem the most popular kind is more than fast en
102. d upon the numbers generated CP M For comparison we ran the tests against the version running on a standard Z80 card Applesoft and COMMUNITY COMPUTER FAIR Saturday May 12 1984 at the Mount Rainier Elementary School 4011 32nd Street Mt Rainier Prince Georges County MD The hours are from 10 00 AM to 3 00 PM and the admission is 1 25 There will be a Community Computer Fair on Anyone interested in volunteering to demonstrate their educational software at this fair should contact Conrad Fleck at 699 8200 day or 445 2315 bevaning APOLOGY In the March 1983 issue of the Washington Journal Apple Pi we erroneously listed the author of Relabel ing the Apple Keyboard as Barry Slotnick The cor rect name of the author is Barry Skulnick Our apologies for this We try very hard to insure the accuracy of author name and spelling but somehow this escaped us 28 May 1984 MrROSsge T BASIE David MorGanstein Weikert on a Corona IBM clone with both floppy and hard disks While the results indicate the Mac implementation of Microsoft BASIC is generally faster than the others it is not as fast as we had hoped On another dimension be aware that the Microsoft BASIC initially is configured for a rather small 14K workspace You can have as much as 30K of workspace menory by giving up some of the Mac s desk top fea ures Before deciding on a language you might want to examine MacBasic no
103. dem D C Hayes 1200 Baud Smartmodem Printers Toshiba P1350 Transtar 120P NEC 8023 NEC 3510 Spinwriter IDS Microprism 480 Okidata Micro 82 A Okidata Micro 83 A Okidata Micro 92 Okidata Micro 93 Prowriter 8510 A Epson FX80 Epson FX100 Synetix Disk Emulator 294 K 510 Grappler Printer Card Specify Printer Buttered Grappler Plus Amdek Digital Plotter 2 80 Card Softcard Premium System Ile Format II Wordstar Wordstar with Apolicard 325 PBL Personal Investor 110 Saturn Accelerator t CALL Videx Videoterm E Z Ledger Highlands E Z Invoice Highlands Stock Option Analysis Program H amp H Scientific Stock Option Scanner H amp H Scientific d Base I Dow Jones Analyzer Dow Jones Manager LJK Letter Perfect Visicalc Microsoft Multiplan General Manager Screenwriter I VISA MC Add 3 money order certified check Prices subject to change Shipping handling 5 MD residents add 5 tax Mail order only CALL FOR ITEMS NOT LISTED GOV T PURCHASE ORDERS ACCEPTED RAMADA COMPUTER PRODUCTS A Division of H amp H Scientific 13507 Pendleton St Ft Washington MD 20744 Tel 301 292 2958 May 1984 25 MAC TATOSH BASIC SPEEL COMPAR I S0A0S Tua buy Richard D By the middle of this summer Macintosh owners will be able to choose between two different versions of the BASIC language One Microsoft s MS BASIC for Macin tosh is available now at a retail price of 150 The
104. ditor that permits entering data then Acie directly to a specific sector on a given rack I have to admit that once I became familiar with the program I was thoroughly impressed with its useful ness USES I use GDU mostly when I have trouble with a disk a file usually a text file will not load into my word processor If I really want that file I break out GDU and look for the trouble Usually the trouble has to do with being unable to read one of the sectors shown in the track sector t s list Some thing has happened that scrambles the pointers so that the whole of the file cannot be loaded and an 1 0 message is returned to me That s when I know it is time to try GDU Sometimes First I have to find the file If I know the exact FILENAME I will use the directory to find the loca tion of the track sector list If I don t know the exact name but guess at it GOU will tell me that the file can t be found if I have guessed wrong So the safest bet is to examine the catalog This is found in track 11 starting in sector OF I switch to mode 2 to get the whole sector displayed and also switch to format A so that I can read the titles of the files you have not actually seen sector by sector dumps of your files programs in the Hex or formats you are in for somewhat of a surprise hexadecimal notation they seem to be pretty much massed hex digits In ASCII format you will find then to be a bewildering mixtur
105. e programs to enable the originating schools to dissemi nate market their materials to any interested public and private school in the nation In addition another group of twenty schools with validated pro grams has recently completed applications to compete for funding in order that they may also disseminate their materials The current cluster of 12 computer software programs includes one in computer literacy for middle school students seven in various dimen sions of basic skills three in the administrative use of computers and one in special education There are several dimensions of the NDN that distin guish it from other sources of software Most of the NDN programs involve much more than a disk and a stu dent manual They represent complete teaching sys tems Some include teacher guides student work books validated pre and post tests wall charts etc Some are limited to a specific computer others can use any computer available Some programs are even adapted to meet local school needs In almost all cases the school or district must receive training in the various dimensions and components of the program Follow up services are also provided to help the school through the start up periods and afterwards when the school is faced with teacher turnover prob lems This might sound rather burdensome but an example for instance Computeronics will help to enlighten you This program was created by a group of talent
106. e their strong points and each has its fans MAG TC WRITER by Magic Apple Writer e is designed for use with Apple Com puters only If you try to boot it up on the Franklin ACE you will receive a message to this effect Its main drawback is speed A good typist would be very frustrated with Apple Writer s limitation of 65 words per minute Typing above this speed the program drops characters That alone precludes its use by serious word processors Apple Writer e has the usual wraparound feature one would expect from a word processor It is easy to delete words a bit awkward to strike over Inserting material is very easy just place the cursor where you want the new material and type All lines to the right will make way for the new material There is an express cursor feature that can be very handy for getting around the editor Just hold down the closed apple while pressing the arrow Apple Writer allows for easy and quick pasting and glueing of words and paragraphs The main problems with Apple Writer arise from the fact that formatting is done separately from data entry The typist enters data into the editor without regard for spacing margins and paragraph identa tions All formatting is done through the printer setup menu or with embedded commands This means that the copy produced on the printer can look quite dif ferent from the way it looks in the editor The operator can preview the printout by printin
107. e FILENAME H E L Under the conditions I described in alpha mode I would not see the contents of OA 0B or OC Instead I would see something else and frankly I have not yet Puzzled out what the symbols mean they could be flashing semicolons or brackets or other things However I could be able to read the plain English text title of the file and therefore be able to locate it After I locate it by switching back to the hex mode I can then read the location of the track sector list Next I go to the track sector list to see what the trouble can be if any with the list itself This is usually determined by my start ing at the beginning of the list and attempting to examine all sectors sequentially The keys N and L will let me scroll forward or backward However to get to a specific sector I must ask for it You know that DOS doesn t always put content in succes sive sectors You will recall that the T S list con tains the track number and sector number of where DOS has stored the contents of the file This list is often sequential but it doesn t have to be Once I have found the sector that cannot be loaded even GDU will not be able to load it I can then copy the other sectors to another disk and salvage most of the file UNDELETING A DELETED FILE You may recall that when you delete a file the con tents of the file remain intact until the disk drive attempts a SAVE following the deletion In this case
108. e Floating point Basic Applesoft circuit side of the keyboard and I found three ROMs right into the motherboard of your if without broken connections two on keys and one on the any other modifications and have the functional wires that lie on the board I soldered these equivalent of an Apple J If you purchase a connections about six months ago and have not had firmware card I still recommend that you put the any problems ever since Before paying for a Applesoft ROMs on the motherboard and if you wish decoder I would recommend getting a 10X magnifying you can put the Integer Basic ROMs on the card lens and carefully check those solder joints And yes you can use both the firmware card and the 16K card The best way to do this is to put the Q I use the Pascal language with my Apple J and 16K card in slot 0 and put the firmware card in EPSON MX 100 printer I have a CCS 7710B asyn another slot Slot 4 is a good choice because the chronous serial interface but cannot print from switch on the back of the card can fit through the Pascal Can you advise me stot in the case For more information on using the firmware card see Dave Morganstein s article A Pascal should automatically recognize the CCS card Using Firmware Card in Slot 4 which appeared in as a serial interface if it is plugged into slots the November 1981 issue of the Washington Apple Pi 1 2 or 3 To be used for the printer output Journal and in the May 1982 issue of Call func
109. e an excellent Journal amp 680 END amp 62 May 1984 Washington Apple Pf Disks WASHINGTON APPLE PI DISKETERIA MAIL ORDER FORM Software for Creative Living JGRAM DISKETTES id Mailed to you 1st 5 Volume 181 required with these disks Use of this disk requires sending money NOTE ALLOW 2 TO 3 WEEKS FOR MAILING NAME Ne DRESS CITY STATE ZIP TELEPHONE Washington Apple P WAP MEMBERSHIP NO from Washington Apple Pi s Disketeria are available for purchase that you want mailed to you DOS 3 3 contd Volume 1 Utilities I Volume 105 Volume 2 Utilities II Volume 106 Volume 3 Games I Volume 107 Volume 4 Games II Volume 108 Volume 5 Games II Volume 109 Volume 6 Games IV Volume 7 Games V Volume 110 Volume 8 Utilities III Volume 111 Volume 9 Educational I Volume 112 Volume 10 Math Science Volume 113 Volume 11 Graphics I Volume 115 Volume 12 Games VI Volume 116 Volume 13 Games Volume 117 Volume 14 IAC Utilities IV Volume 118 Volume 15 Games VII Volume 119 Volume 16 Utilities V Volume 120 Volume 17 Graphics II Volume 121 Volume 18 Educational II Volume 122 Volume 19 Communications Volume 123 Volume 20 Music Volume 124 Volume 21 Apple Orchard Volume 125 Volume 22 Utilities VI Volume 126 Volume 23 Games VIII Volume 127 Vol
110. e inputs with no dots before their names If there are no inputs the empty list is used Each subsequent element of the second input is a list consisting of one line of the proced ure definition This list does not contain END since END is not part of the procedure definition This is how we would create the procedure DOUBLE using the DEFINE command DEFINE DOUBLE CNUMBER PRINT CHI MOM PRINT NUMBER 2 name of a procedure as an input and returns a list that s organized in exactly the same way as the second input to DEFINE So if we type SHOW TEXT DOUBLE we get NUMBER PRINT CHI MOM PRINT NUMBER 2 J SHOW gives us a result with the right number of brackets around it Compare this result with the second input of DEFINE above Now that we know how to change lists into procedures and procedures into lists we can turn to the virus problem It is most useful to think of a procedure as a simple type of list Procedures that we develop for operations on lists in general will therefore work for lists that just happen to be definitions of proced ures GENERAL LIST PROCESSING SPECULATIONS 1 e HOW DO WE DELETE ELEMENTS FROM A LIST We can construct a procedure that will delete an ele ment from a given position within a list DELETE POSITION lt LIST will return a list from which the element located at location POSITION of a given list is deleted For example PRINT DELETE 3 A B C D E
111. e of flashing normal and inverse characters and symbols that seem to have very little to do with what you know is in the file And oh yes there is plain old English text mixed in as well In any event for you to understand what DOS does I recommend your getting a copy of the excellent manual called Beneath Apple DOS by Don Worth and Pieter Lechner available from Quality Software In case screen ASCII In the Washington Apple Pf TO SENERA DESK This manual is invaluable towards an under standi the contents and formatting of DOS files I pr have some occasion to refer to certain illustrations in it but that s not the reason to buy it In Beneath Apple DOS figure 4 4 shows the la the typical cataTog sector The important thing know about this layout for our present purpose is that the first three bytes before the file s name are the track and sector where the file s track sector list may be found and the file type code For example BYTE gt 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 OA 08 0C 0D OE OF 00 00 11 0E 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 12 OF 01 cB c5 cc 10 CC etc 20 First 17 Bytes of a Catalog Sector The contents of the byte at 0A is 12 This dis the track on which this file s track sector list will be found The next byte at OB is OF This is the sec tor At byte OC is 02 which is the file type code for an unlocked Applesoft program At 00 OE and OF are the codes for the first three alpha characters in th
112. ed educators in Tallahassee Florida It consists of twenty five hours of training in Problem Solving with Computers and fifteen hours of training in Computers in Society The times noted refer to student course hours The training time for teachers is two full days This time is spent working through the student materials and computer exercises In order for the training to be effective the site must have at least one computer for every three teacher trainees The number of trainees cannot exceed thirty teachers The two days of inservice is designed to provide an un initiated teacher with sufficient experience in com puter programming and the student materials to enable her him to feel comfortable leading her students through the program The recommended classroom ratio of computers to students is eight to one The Comput eronics program is not dependent on any specific com puter to function but may in fact be used with any computer that can be programmed in BASIC Educators who have had experience with other computer literacy training comment that the Computeronics training far 12 May 1984 SOFTWARE Hartjen THAT WORKS surpasses other programs they have attended Finally the NDN has set in place personnel in each state to assist in the search and acquisiton of these programs State Facilitators have been funded to pro vide service to the educators of their respective states on the model of the agricultural extension ag
113. eeds to be can be or should be done to sub stantially change the overall structure orientation and activities of the Washington Apple Pi In my opinion any major change would diminish the WAP s effectiveness as an organization devoted to serving persons from throughout the Washington metro area who own all kinds of Apples and Apple related equipment To break membership into smaller geographic areas or to narrow the group s orientation for example away from the old J and toward Apple s newer sexier machines would alienate such a great number of mem included bers that I wonder if the Pi as we know it would survive EPSON MX80 F T printer 409 On the other hand it seems to me that some sort of EPSON FX80 printer 525 change on the individual member level may be in order I m referring mostly to the creation of a slightly MITAC 12 amber monitor 20 119 more grassroots or open environment an ambience MHz that would be a little easier for non expert limited resources newcomer to penetrate ZENITH 12 green monitor 89 Of course the club leadership cannot and should not ZVM 123 dictate what goes on between members But you and the AMDEK color I plus 13 monitor 289 other officers can help at least for new members define what the Pi is Is it a consumer group that MITAC professional joystick 22 helps warn members about shoddy products and misrepre sentation in advertising Is it a forum for members to promote products
114. eft arrow V to compensate for Apple Writer J s underlining problem For me trying it out and seeing that it worked was as much fun as booting up new software By no means do I think that WAP discussions should be limited to such topics The utility of the organiza tion would certainly decrease rapidly if it were since people are always going to be attracted to new stuff I myself oversee the purchase of computers and computer related equipment in my office and need to know the big picture of what s new in the microcom puter industry and marketplace It was interesting to see the response to the various ideas for future meetings tossed out at the last meet ing While topics that went beyond the basic home computer setup such as coprocessors which in themselves can be quite an investment were loudly approved by the group those on ways to make better use of equipment such as advanced Applesoft program ming and a disk drive clinic were only Jukewarmly received This indicates that WAP has been quite successful at reaching the balance between new and old that the majority of members would like and that financialy limited members are in the minority I mention all this not necessarily because I that a change in policy is necessary for the of democracy think rebirth I just wanted you to know that up in those chairs there sit some of us who would be more active in the club including at an organizational lev
115. el if the club discussion did not focus so much on the investment intensive aspect of our hobby In such a technical area as microcomputers the individuals who know the most are very often going to tend wittingly or not to intimidate the less informed It s a fact of life in all groups that a hierarchy develops but the technical nature of com contd Washington Apple Pi FE FE IE JE SE IE IE IE FE IE FE FE AE IE JE RR JE FE FE AHR SERRE IE FE GEJE REE FREE SHIPPING VERBATIM DATALIFE disk 10 24 packs in plastic case SS DD 23 for 100 packs or more MITAC MATE I disk drive 100 179 APPLE compatible SHUGART 390 mechanism SYNCO 12 amber monitor 18MHz 109 2 80A card 4 MHz 75 80 column card 80 16K RAM card 45 Parallel printer card cable 59 puters aggravates the situation and creates sharp differences between insiders who are the sought after aristocracy and outsiders It seems the latter group is eager to talk with the former but not with other outsiders HH He eH Hm The two or three gentlemen who hold the 9 00 10 00 Q amp A session each meeting have done much to close this gap But still they can t change human nature some Pi members have made thorough knowledge of the Apple a pillar of their egos and there s no way and per haps no reason for them to share their knowledge in English with the less informed a HEHE HE EK Given all this I conclude that there is nothing that really n
116. ens When COM WARE J tries to dial a number it first looks to see the I O FILE name associated with the number requested It then appends this filename to a BLOAD instruction which it sends to DOS telling DOS to read the information from the disk If the file exists then DOS will BLOAD it into memory and change the TERMINAL characteristics accordingly Since most of the systems we call use the same charac teristics there is no I O FILE associated with these phone numbers When COM WARE J appends the null string to the BLOAD instruction DOS complains with a SYNTAX ERROR However COM WARE J recovers nicely n fact you may not have noticed the SYNTAX ERROR at all As always if you have any comments or suggestions I can be contacted though the WAP office or the phone number in the front of the WAP Journal amp WHAT 13 A PROGRAM REVIEW by Bob O Oringel After having several of my reviews of computer pro grams published in these pages someone has finally asked What is a review Are there review criteria Is there bias What are the qualifications necessary to review programs Or Who are you to review com puter programs My subjective answers to the questions raised above follow A computer program review is someone s judg ment of that program Hopefully the reviewer has tested the program to ascertain whether it meets what ever criterion are set up Mostly the criteria is does the program do what it s
117. ent In states where there has been a great amount of interest in any particular program the State Facilitator arranges to have a local educator trained as a certified trainer in that program thus elimiat ing the need to arrange for the travel of trainers from the originating site For instance Maryland has its own trainer for the Computeronics program This certified trainer has a strong background in computers and has conducted numerous workshops within the state in adjoining states and as far away as Illinois The National Diffusion Network offers a unique altern ative for the acquisiton of well developed computer software curriculum materials and programs for running an effective school The materials are low in cost and have been demonstrated to be effective in teaching students Information about the NDN may be obtained from Or Raymond H Hartjen the Maryland State Facilitator and Executive Director of Educational Alternatives Inc A brochure describing the twelve validated computer technology programs is also available from Educational Alternatives Inc P 0 Box 265 Port Tobacco MD 20677 Please send 1 00 to cover postage and nan ling ERTO by Peter NEWS Combe s EDSIG Calendar Tuesday May 1 at 7 30 p m Applications of Commercial Software in Education Betty Manchak and Gloria Seelman of the Montgomery County Public Schools System discuss various types of programs available in MCPS and how they can
118. ertain default printing characteristics i e 6 lines per inch vertically 10 characters per inch horizontally unemphasized or regular characters left margin at zero etc Suppose for example that you are using your word processor to type letters and you always want the printer to print in the 12 character per inch mode with a horizontal tab at column 50 You could keep the appropriate control codes in a file that loads into your word processor If you keep the codes in a separate file you won t have to type them in each time just load the file print it and presto your printer is initialized Or you could write a short Applesoft program to setup the printer and then this would be your format file The following program will set the Imagewriter to 12 characters inch with a tab at column 50 100 PRINT CHR 4 PR 1 REM FOR PRINTER IN SLOT 1 110 PRINT CHR 27 E REM SET 12 LPI 120 PRINT CHR 27 050 REM SET TAB 130 PRINT CHR 4 PR 0 REM TURN PRINTER OFF While we re on the subject a short tutorial on printer control codes might be worthwhile I get a fair number of questions of the type How can I set my printer to from Applesoft or from my word processor To operate the advanced features on most printers you need to send one or more control codes and possibly a character or two to the printer In the above example to set the printer to 12 lines per inch the manual says to send ESCAPE E In the Applesoft Referen
119. even though you know the FILENAME typing it does no good because DOS has overwritten the track number of the T S list in the catalog What DOS does is to write FF into the location of the track data for the file s track sector list making it impossible for the Apple to find the track sector fist and therefore the file DOS alloctes 30 characters for a FILENAME If your FILENAME is shorter than that DOS pads the remainder with AO s The last 2 bytes contain the length of the file in LO byte HI byte order If your file was 2 sectors long these bytes would be 02 00 A file 2 sectors long that was not deleted would show at its end A0 AO 02 00 However a deleted ae contd May 1984 49 would show AO AO TT 02 00 The TT represents the track of the track sector list which DOS has written here when it changed the TT to FF at the front end of the catalog entry It ts possible to undelete the file through simply changing the FF back to the track number of the track sector list and changing the TT at the end of the catalog entry back to A0 Once you have done that the file s name reappears in the catalog and the program is available again Of course there are undelete or file recovery programs that are easier to use but I think it s nice to know how to do this myself COMMANDS After running the program you will be directed to press the space bar Unless you wish to examine the disk that contains the GDU program
120. f Zoom Telephonics Inc Axis Axis Communicator are Trademarks of Centauri Distributing Co Inc 2 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi N on _ _ co Aa GPP FCERS 66 LAr e President David Morganstein 301 972 4263 Vice President Dana Schwartz 301 725 6281 Treasurer Edward Myerson 703 759 5479 Secretary Sara Lavilla 301 926 6355 Directors Bernie Benson 301 951 5294 Peter Combes 301 445 6188 Bruce Field 301 340 7038 Nancy Philipp 301 924 2354 Gordon Stubbs 703 750 0224 Rich Wasserstrom 703 893 9147 Editor Bernie Urban 301 229 3458 Associate Editors Betsy Harriman 202 363 5963 Genevie Urban 301 229 3458 Journal Staff Store Distrbtn Ray Hobbs 301 490 7484 Columnists Applesoft James T DeMay Jr 301 779 4632 DisabledSIG Jay Thal 202 244 3649 EDSIG Peter Combes 301 445 6188 LOGOSIG Nancy Strange 703 691 1619 Q amp A Bruce Field 301 340 7038 Telecomm Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 VisiCalc Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Group Purchases Rich Wasserstrom 301 654 8060 Call Kevin at office on M W Th F John Malcolm 301 384 1070 Dave Weikert Joy Aso Bob Hicks Ed Lang Jim amp Nancy Little Terry Prudden Bruce Redding Gordon Stubbs Disketeria Staff New Disks Bob Platt 202 223 1588 Pascal Lib Mike Hartman 301 445 1583 CP M Lib Kit Leithiser 703 569 8037 Head Reading Lib Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Apple Tea Coord Paula Benson 202 54
121. ft is handling 5 bytes of data I can only surmise that the division procedures used by Applesoft are much more efficient than those used by Microsoft 26 May 1984 flo rling in MS BASIC Besides noting as we have that Apple s MacBASIC will run much faster on the Macintosh than the Microsoft BASIC now available it is also interesting to compare the speed of Apple s MacBASIC with Applesoft By looking at the results of test 6 we see that at least some BASIC programs will be able to run ten times faster on the Mac than on the Apple J Does this give anyone another reason to get a Macintosh BASIC SPEED COMPARISONS IN SECONDS Apple MacBASIC Microsoft MS BASIC Applesoft 1 Empty GOSUBs 3 0 8 15 5 2 Empty FOR NEXT loop 15 5 7 3 Midstring function 9 0 21 33 4 Real divides 18 0 31 30 5 Integer divides 3 0 13 6 Eratosthenes Sieve 31 5 121 327 Why are you using diskettes with black jackets Because you have no choice Now you do SUNSTAR offers you high quality diskettes with the advantage of color And they are guaranteed SDUSTAR Premium Diskettes in Color And as an added bonus at no extra cost SUNSTAR diskettes are packaged in a handsome and durable polyvinyl library file Choose your colors red burgundy yellow green dark blue light blue orange gray dark brown light brown Order now using VISA or MasterCard Call our 24 hour toll free number 800 227 3800 Ex
122. g success teaching children who have been labeled unteachable Conventional wisdom sees the disabled as a breed apart struck by some often inexplicable fate that has effected them physically mentally or emotional ly Conventional methodologies try first to remedy the perceived problem make the patient whole so that they can reenter our world But since the disabled cannot regenerate limbs or make up for some of their deficits society generally views them as second class citizens A large part of disablities is a social construction we think of people in casts differently than we do people in braces And the loss is never so tragic as when we label a child disabled the tag lasts a lifetime Abilities are obscured by the apparent problems Expecting less we demand less and the child is never challenged to his or her full potential Many professionals therapists and families in turn succumb to the myths So what you say does this bit of philosophical musing have to do with Laura Meyers Well let me tell you Laura Meyers believes along with some others that ALL children develop along certain age appropriate patterns While it may be an oversimpli fication disabled children are no different It is just that their disabilities add a dissonance to their lives and the lives of those around them and well meaning help further retards their development To overcome that dissonance Meyers uses microcomputers
123. g to the screen however Even so things get frustrating with Apple Writer when the typist wants to do anything more than type simple paragraphs Any columns must be typed correctly the first time Additions or deletions rearrange the spacing but this will not be apparent to the typist until the material is printed find the invisible problem Arranging two columns with one left justified and another opposite right justified can be very tricky Then it is a game of Apple Writer comes with a very impressive feature for the producer of term papers it will automatically print the footnotes at the bottom of the correct page theoretically The wraparound feature is inactive in the footnote mode and no more than about 60 strokes can be included in a footnote line There is no way other than counting strokes to tell when to return since the editor has no corresponding margins Even then the footnote feature may not work correct ly try as you may to appease the footnote spirits in Apple Writer Every footnote Writer any string of printer requires a superscript In Apple special feature calls for a very complex commands unless you are using an Apple For exampe with an Epson FX 80 printer the following commands are required to print a super scripted number one lt Ctril gt V ESCape S 0 1 lt Ctrl gt V lt Ctri gt V ESCape T lt CtrloVv Printer commands are much simpler with Magic Window II This is bec
124. ge Micto Grappter Pus Butferboard Syscom It 95 Apple II Plus Compatible COLUMBIA COMPUTER SYSTEMS OVER 12 000 PRODUCTS AVAILABLE FOR YOUR APPLE The targest amp oldest supplier of Computers Peripherals amp Software in the Washington D C Area Mail your orders to P O BOX 40813 Washington DC 20016 or call 202 364 0273 any time day or night Office Hours Washington Apple Pi 10 00am 6 00pm MF amp r d gt a a a gt et 10 00am 2 00pm Set May 1984 ei SS SS SS OS ee et a a eet 33 code again in the Accumulator at least initially is a candidate for a program line number It has got to pass the critical tests in lines 74 79 also as I ve pointed out earlier The label LINNUM at line 83 begins testing for a number because what if there are only three digits in the program line number The fourth character input would still be lt 5 away from the possibly indented left margin but this time it s a blank So we must still test for the digits 0 thru 9 If a number then we save it in the array LNNUM for printing after all those blanks and underlines I addressed earlier This saving procedure begins on line 90 I store the line number s length twice twice because I change LENNUM later on however LONNUM remains fixed throughout the printing of the entire program line You ll notice in the module labelled STORENUM that I re jnitialized WORDCHAR That makes sense becau
125. he Mark 12 would sometimes get hung up in a software firmware loop and refuse to respond to commands One WAP member reported that the Mark 12 would sometimes refuse to hang up a call normally accomplished with the ATZ sequence I have noted that sometimes after a mistaken connec tion the modem will refuse to respond On the ABBS the first attempt to use a Mark 12 was not successful because a call would come in too soon after the completion of the previous call and the modem would then refuse to respond correctly to com mands At the time of writing Anchor is supposed to be updating the firmware in the ABBS modem to cure this problem Early These various problems are admittedly annoying though R N EU UPPATE remote location the Anchor Mark 12 has all the essen tial features at a very attractive price now a as 2251 If you MUST have RU 12 13 mono capability the break feature the ability to dial a or tone you ll have to find another product If you re interested in a modem for a BBS I suggest you wait until we confirm that the firmware exchange will cure the Mark 12 s propensity to sometimes go South and refuse to respond to commands or properly answer amp the telephone line Softviews contd from pg 46 Providing useful flexibility The program allows for direct transfer of text files via modem a feature I have not yet tried It provides for a lower case chip option and allows you
126. he old data transferred to it While this operation is easy it should not be the responsi bility of the user While your data file can contain up to 64 variables the total number of data items variables times records is 2 090 The 94 page manual while somewhat brief is thorough not serious in my opinion With the 2 year warranty You benefit from both a table of contents and an I would expect that Anchor will revise the firmware to index It contains a sample of the output for most fix many of these problems Some of these deficien options and a description of the statistical computa cies represent cost saving measures by Anchor why do tions employed Unfortunately there are no technical you think the Mark 12 can sell for half the price of references Anderson Bell Box 191 Canon City CO the Hayes product And even the Hayes has some cost 81212 Phone 303 275 1661 Price 395 00 saving design choices built into it For example the Hayes cannot operate in synchronous mode like a real Bell 212A For most Apple J owners that doesn t matter But many Lisa Macintosh and IBM PC owners may require synchronous links at some point So I would still say that for the average home smal business computer owner who wants to call BBSs the Source CompuServe etc or transfer text files to a Washington Apple Pi May 1984 47 AUTO REPEAT DIAL MARIS Kinal AND ANCHOIS by UacarGge Users who have switched fro
127. holding sessions in the next few months These will be informal and last about 2 hours If you would like to attend call the host and register Each host will limit the size according to his her wishes and will let you know if there is room in that particular tea Hopefully there will be ample numbers of sessions to meet the interest Session leaders may be needed if the host does not feel knowledgeable about the Apple If you would like to volunteer your help or be a session leader contact Paula Benson APPLE TEA SCHEDULE Host ess Area Phone Date Time Topic David Einhorn Wheaton Kemp Mil 301 593 8420 May 24 8 00 10 00 DB Master Joe McAllister Fredericksburg VA 703 786 6577 Arrange with host Sharon Eagle Oxon Hill 301 839 3316 Arrange with hostess Randy Zittel Woodbridge VA 703 491 5493 Arrange with host amp TIC Com pu ter Cam p MOUNT VERNON COLLEGE ee ee ee en CALL FOR BROCHURE 241 5542 Quality Computer Instruction 4 Programming Languages A taught at three levels each beginning intermediate advanced e LOGO e BASIC e Pascal e Machine Assembly Computer Applications such as e typing word processing e data management e music generation e graphics animation A A e voice synthesis D e electronic hardware ACCREDITED projects CAMP omnes Leaman og oee The Fun of amp Going All Out in Athletics Washington Apple Pi May 1984 7 E A by Bruce F F amp i led
128. iage return EF Return system to full duplex mode amp PRIMT MASTER lay ob Uringe lt The Print Master Deluxe program by David Foard of Soft Byte Box 5701 Forest Park Dayton OH 45405 is actually two programs on the same unprotected disk They are the Print Master program and the Check Master program The Print Master program has several sub programs File Maker which creates mailing lists File Changer which changes those lists Labels which prints labels and also the label lists Check Writer which simply writes checks Envelopes which addresses envelopes Arranger which combines list files of up to 400 entries Print amp Save a label add on feature Storage Disk Maker a disk initialization program for list files and File Fixer which the documentation says will help maybe if a file won t load or if the program acts funny The author includes a Sample File for practice and a State Names file for State standard two letter abbreviations 48 PELUKE May 1984 A fReview The Check Master program is a checkbook reconciliation program which together with Check Writer provides sper account control for a family or for a small usiness I have tried most of the program options and they work as promised This is a good pair of programs but its 10 page 5 1 2 x 8 1 2 photo offset of dot matrix documentation leaves a great deal to be desired The author is obviously a fine programmer but he should i
129. ial savings SECRETARY RECEPTIONIST We have received three appli cants for the secretary receptionist position If you are interested in applying for this half time job to answer phones and assist in other office activities please send us a brief resume and your salary require ments Our budget allows for compensation in the five to seven dollar range but can be adjusted some what to meet the applicants experience amp Pag S ior em Foal werd ieee Washington Apple Pi meets on the 4th Saturday usual ly of each month at the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences USUHS Building B 4301 Jones Bridge Road Bethesda MD on the campus of the National Naval Medical Center Library transactions journal pickup memberships etc are from 8 45 10 00 AM From 9 00 to 10 00 AM there is an informal Help session in the auditorium The main meeting starts promptly at 10 00 at which time all sales and services close so that volunteers can attend the meet ing A sign interpreter and reserved seating are provided for the hearing impaired Following are dates and topics for upcoming months May 26 June 23 DOS David Morganstein Garage Sale The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi meets on the second Wednesday of each month at 7 30 PM at the office All members are welcome to attend Call the office for any changes GENERAL LONE ORMAT TON Apple user groups may reprint without prior permis
130. ield VA 22152 or call 703 569 9363 Hours 9AM 6PM LEAVE MESSAGE 7PM 8PM CALLBACK ee Washington Apple Pi TRI STATE SYSTEMS DISCOUNT APPLE SOFTWARE No credit card penalty May 1984 MENU DRIVEN SOFTWARE FONT OCOUNLOADER amp EDITOR COPYRIGHT 198693 RAK WARE EXIT DOWNLOAD FONT EDIT FONT RUN DEMO INSTRUCTIONS CONFIGURE 17F lt DUMB ENTERS EDIT MODE CHARACTER SELECT MOVES CURSOR TO NEXT CHAR REPLACE CHAR ENTER EOIT LOAD FONT FROM DISK SAVE FONT TO DISK DOWNLOAD FONT TO PRINTER TOGGLE SOUND ONY OFF 39 3 S H SPECIFY PRINTER WITH ORDER Our Price 89 95 Retaii The Accountant ASC Il Express The Professional 129 95 Screenwriter Il Master Type Bank Street Writer Word Star Golactic Adventures Home Accountant Verbatim 10 disks 5 1 4 e We accept VISA or Mastercard include card and expiration date personal checks allow 2 weeks Or money orders e VA residents add 4 sales tax e Include 2 00 for shipping e All software products on disk e All prices subject to change without notice e We carry a large line of discount software Write us for our free catalog 43 388 RAAREERERERRAERKEEEREERREERRERAEEREKE 353 OUT EOM End of Macro 940B AE BE 95 355 LDX ANS 94A3 20 E6 94 390 lt CR gt JSR PRINTOUT Output lt CR gt 940E 009 356 cPx eey 94A6 EE F9 95 391 INC PAGELL Up line count 9410 DO 03 357 BNE NEXT 94A9 AD
131. ies to Mac It is used to locate all sectors which appear to be Track sectors or Catalog sectors or the VTOC Volume Table of Contents In addition it can search the entire disk for a user supplfed string or it can verify that sectors can be read with user supplied sector marks I found the Tracker to be the least useful program It is instructive but I believe of little value beyond that Once run it will provide you with a screen display of the location of the disk drive arm that is the current track and sector being accessed While this can teach you what happens when a standard DOS program or file is accessed it can not be easily made a permanent part of your screen display for use with non standard DOS formats where it might be help ful to learn what is happening to the disk drive 46 May 1984 tein iven the value of the software I must add that the aoa manual is practically worth having on its own While a fair part of the 127 pages is dedicated to using the programs the instructions are done in a tutorial fashion You will learn about DOS formatting and storage as you become acquainted with the rou tines Two of the chapters are strictly about DOS You might be able to discover much of the information with a thorough reading of Beneath Apple DOS but some of it was new and interesting to me The authors style is humorous and easy to read My only complaint was the lack of an index what they call an index is a
132. in options Offer available only in the and cable included contiguous U S e 30 day parts labor warranty ANDERSON JACOBSON FOR WAP MEMBERS ONLY You can now buy an AJ 831 for 712 This includes a 90 day full warranty with any repairs being done at your home or office Please call Sean Belanger at 840 5700 for details
133. ing for someone to do WPL Programming The WPL programming will be included in a WPL Minute Manual product Must be familiar with WPL work fast and be willing to work for royalties based on sales of the product Call Jim Ptrisino Columbia MD 301 995 1166 UNIX C PROGRAMMERS INSTRUCTORS wanted KRACO 762 3333 Please call GRAPHICS SPECIALIST wanted to incorporate sound and animation techniques for educational games Call Judy Priven at 320 2829 BYTE Magazine s Book Review Editor Margaret Cook is looking for book reviewers Reviewers get paid 100 for four to five pages on a technical work If you would like to be considered send her an example of your published work with a resume If there is a particular book you would like to review send her that information also 70 Main Street Peterborough NH 03458 CONSULTING amp TEACHING DATA BASE WORD PROCESSING BUSINESS PROGRAMS ACCOUNTING PROGRAMS BUSINESS SYSTEMS e OPERATION PROCEDURES WRITTEN PERSONAL TUTORING CLASSES TAUGHT FOR YOU OFFICE CENTERED TRAINING Staff Hand Holding a Specialty Leon H Rasely L C S W LRO inc 460 0754 May 1984 19 PAGE FROM R oe E TAS I YY olber t As Spring arrives the WAP software library continues to search for new additions As you can see from the order form at the back of the Journal we take every conceivable type of program including Apple and Macintosh programs Remember for each d
134. ion on site or in our classroom Course dis counts available with system purchases For details and inquires contact us at either one of our two locations Clinton Maryland 301 856 2500 or Alexandria Virginia 703 838 9718 Beltway Exit 7A a n Branch Ave Rt 5 at i 6443 Old Alex Ferry Rd ter Clinton Md 20735 U ppic computer oppic Dealer amp Service Center 301 856 2500 Washington Apple Pi May 1984 29 MODULA 2 by _ Faber t fC Our fifth chapter in the Modula tutorial will focus on Input and Output the vital part of the language which was left out by its creator Niklaus Wirth MODULA IMPLEMENTATIONS But first some preliminary matters This tutorial covers the Volition System implementation of Modula for the Apple and Volition plans to market Modula for the Macintosh this fall Six other Modula compilers are on the market although most do not run on the Apple The most promising is The Modula Research Institute s compiler for the IBM PC which sells for only 40 Rumors abound that MRI is cur rently planning a comparably priced Apple version The fact that seven different vendors are currently selling Modula systems makes a presentation of input output difficult as these folks have yet to agree on a standard So while they continue to negotiate the official Modula input output library I l stick with presenting Volition s approach which is very faithful t
135. isk is names of the files which have the phone numbers be listed under the lt L gt submenu Any of these files can be accessed by BLOADing them from the main menu using the lt D gt option with the address parameter sA 2A4A This is the address to use with COM WARE J REVISION 5 0 3 and a 64K APPLE J e it may be differ ent for other configurations BOOTed the will If you would like to use PHONE LIST PRINTER to keep track of all those phone numbers the following changes must be made a If you already have a copy of PHONE LIST PRINTER LOAD it into memory It is available from the DOWNLOAD section of the WAP ABBS or from the February WAP Journal b Enter the following lines 275 PRINT PRINT ENTER PHONE LIST FILE NAME OR PRESS CRETURN TO USE lt PHONE LIST gt s PRINT PRINT s FOR I 1T020 PRINT TARS 8 NEXT TNPUT NA 277 IF NA THEN NA PHONE LIST 280 PRINT D BLOAD NA A AD 320 IF P P THEN POKE 36 4 PRINT PHONE POKE 36 16 PRINT PASSWORD POKE 36 44 PRINT SYSTEM NAME POKE 36 59 PRINT 1 0 FILE NAME FOR L 1T080 the same procedure we used earlier Enter the new TLE numbers you would like to keep in the BUSINESS file PRINT 3 NEXT When finished choose the lt gt option to SAVE LIST TO DISK Once the file has been saved it must be c Save PHONE LIST PRINTER 1 renamed BUSINESS Do this with the lt D gt command from contd on pg 57 the main menu Washing
136. isk of soft ware that you donate you get a free library disk So if your Spring cleaning extends to straightening up your disks donate copies of your creations to the WAP I will be at the Disketeria our sales table from 9 10 before the monthly meetings to discuss pos sible contribut fons This month s column covers adapting WAP library pro grams to run on your printer donation procedures and corrections to the inventory program on Disk 104 PRINTER CONTROLS Most of the programs in our library will operate on Epson printers Having never owned an Epson I sympathize with callers who find that the programs cause their printers to do bizarre things The fol lowing chart will help you convert library programs to run on your printer Printer Prowriter Imagewriter Funct fon Epson Okidata Apple DMP 17 cpi CHR 15 CHR 29 CHR 27 Q Normal 10cpi CHR 18 CHR 30 CHR 27 N Emphasis Esc E Esc T Ese Emphasis Off Esc F Esc I Ese CHR 34 Double width CHR 14 CHR 31 CHR 14 Single width CHR 20 CHR 30 CHR 15 Please note that in this table Esc means CHR 27 LIBRARY ACQUISITIONS Given the number of calls I get on the subject may be interested in how programs are added to WAP s collection First we ask you to submit the program on a floppy disk or a 3 1 2 disk for Macsoftware Your submission need not be orginal but we ask that you identify its source For example you might have a usef
137. it was in the literature big as life and chortling that I had never noticed it Come play with numbers it taunted me And so I fumbled and struggled and to my ever lasting surprise with some success Ah the happy thought of never again having to be snubbed by a B file The pleasure of knowing how to transfer a Binary file from one disk to another was the well known joy for ever But it was tedious and prone to my constant proclivity toward typing in the wrong digits at just the wrong time The solution Since my Apple was doing this to me why not let it do the work for me Thereby the following program It is designed for my one disk drive and goodness knows whether it is any good for anything other than by modest 48K but it works for me and that s just what I want 1 REM TRANSFERRING BINARY FILES 5 REM BY C SWIFT PROP 10 ONERR GOTO 1000 REM I MAKE LOTS OF MISTAKES 20 HOME PRINT SPC 6 INVERSE PRINT TRANSFERRING BINARY FILES NORMAL 30 VTAB 5 PRINT INSERT ORIGINAL DISK 40 VTAB 7 HTAB 1 PRINT PRESS lt RETURN gt FOR CATALOG GET Z 50 IF Z lt gt CHR 13 THEN 40 60 PRINT PRINT CHR 4 CATALOG 70 PRINT PRINT PRINT 80 INPUT NAME OF BINARY FILE 90 PRINT PRINT 100 PRINT PRESS lt RETURN gt TO CHR 34 BLOAD CHR 34 FILES 110 VTAB 23 HTAB 20 GET Z 120 IF Z lt gt CHR 13 THEN 110 130 PRINT PRINT FLASH PRINT LOADING NORMAL PRI
138. it Data 2 1 Frame Ground Cable conn between Mac amp the Apple Figure 2 swe swt 0 of1 234567 N nies aau ee Jumper Block Super Serial Cord Om switch amp jumper block settings TERMINAL this version of MacTEP your Apple J terminal program to 300 baud up your configured Apple it terminal program If all is connected properly and your software is running properly you should be in communication between the two computers If you have this link you are ready to upload download files If not check over all the previous steps This method worked the first time I attempted it and I am generally not that lucky You will also have to change Now boot If your communication link is established and working properly you are ready to transfer a file to the Mac Choose the Send option of your terminal program on the Apple J and take the steps necessary to prepare it to transfer your Multiplan Symbolic or ASCII text file Choose the CMD R command of MacTEP and enter a file name of your choice Push the required key to send the file from your Apple J and you should see the file scrolling happily by on the Mac When the file is finished being sent again press the CMD R key on the Mac to finish the transfer When you boot up Multiplan on the Mac choose the File window and Open option Load the new file into the spreadsheet using the Sylk mode This procedure has worked everytime for me with
139. itor word proces sor programs and can be routed to the printer for printing In the flash card drill program presented last month a text editor is used to type in the questions IAFPFUTZ0UTPFUTF 2 saat f that both the flight number and gate number are needed to find an airplane In our analogy the gate where the airplane parks to unload is called a text stream Sometimes the text stream is hooked up with one file other times the stream has a different file By giving flights and gates different sets of names the airport has the flexibility to avoid building a separate gate for every different flight Well the same advantage comes from naming files and text streams separately BRINGING IN THE AIRPORT All the routines to bring our text file in for a land ing are stored in a library module called Texts Lines 11 13 of the flash card drill program call these routines into our program By using the FROM IMPORT command we avoid having to qualify each reference to these routines with the module name We can write WriteLn rather than having to write Texts WriteLn The drill program assumes that the student knows the file name of his currently assigned drill Lines 50 54 read in that name and opens the file Our plane has landed You may want to revise this section of one gpeogran to give the student a menu of available drills Line 55 then attempts to connect the file to our text stream named t Conne
140. kages should be limited to those you have purchased Please do not call about copied software for which you have no documentation If the person called has a telephone answering machine and your call is not returned don t assume that he did not try to return your call perhaps you were not home Try again General Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 Math 0 R Applns Mark Pankin 703 524 0937 Robert Martin 301 498 6074 Operating Systems Account ing Packages Apple DOS Richard Langston 301 258 9865 Accountant Dec Sup Mark Pankin 703 524 0937 Richard Untied 703 241 8678 Home Accountant Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 CP M Robert Fretwell 703 971 2621 ProD0os Richard Langston 301 258 9865 APPLE SSC Bernie Benson 301 951 5294 Paddles Tom Riley eve 301 340 9432 Apple TechNotes Ed Schenker 301 977 7349 Lance Bell 703 550 9064 Pers Filing Sys Bill Etue 703 620 2103 Ben Ryan 301 469 6457 Basis 108 Loftus Becker 202 338 5217 Jenny Spevak 202 362 3887 Communications Packages and Modems Telecom Printers Anchor Mark 12 George Kinal 7 10 202 546 7270 General Walt Francis 202 966 5742 Jeremy Parker 301 229 2578 Anderson Jacobson Bill Etue 703 620 2103 Apple CAT II Ben Acton 301 428 3605 Leon Raesly 301 460 0754 ASCII Express Dave Harvey 703 527 2704 Apple Dot Matrix Joan B Dunham 301 585 0989 BIZCOMP Modem Jeremy Parker 301 229 2578 Daisywriter 2000 Henry Greene 202 363 1797 General Tom Nebiker 216 867 7463 IDS 4
141. king 400 or best offer Call Bob 262 1355 day or evening SOLD MY e now selling peripherals programs books magazines Quadram 64K buffer 200 Vista 6 megabyte cartridge disk system 750 PCPI 6 mhz CP M system 128K extra RAM many programs 550 dBase II 250 Apple Pascal 150 Much more Lofty Becker 202 338 5217 evenings and weekends FOR SALE used still Cavanaugh evenings VisiCalc advanced version for e Never factory sealed in plastic 200 Bill 301 258 6812 days and 301 977 3660 FOR SALE Grappler graphics card like new bought Xmas 83 got e with a second one and don t need two With manuals etc Extra bonus graphics demo software disk List 175 will sel 110 or best offer Bud Gropper 384 9150 home or 724 7631 work Washington Apple Pi JOB MART POSITION WANTED DOCUMENTATION WRITING SERVICE for computer program authors whose programming skills are not matched by American Standard English writing skills Fees com mensurate with complexity but with compassion as well Author of two published textbooks magazine articles and program reviews Call Bob 262 1355 day or evening HELP WANTED PARTTIME TYPIST Name your hours in a convenient N Arlington location near Chain Bridge Must be a good typist preferably familiar with Apple CP M and Word Star or will train Call 241 5542 MINUTEWARE publisher of the Minute Manual for Apple Writer e and is look
142. ks like PRINT ABC lt CR gt Applesoft BASIC won t hiccup So just in case your program has this scene I better reset the quote flag with the lt CR gt output from the text file Notice I did wait to reset this quote flag until after the word was printed This is because of lines 278 279 The comment section of the assembly listing leads you through the code remaining in this module Lines 320 380 depict the assembly of the Put MaCro PMC instructions that attend to the keyword compari sons Notice at the end of each module that we JuMP to a unique indenting routine that addresses for example indenting of FOR NEXT loops More on these indenting routines later The lt CR gt module that follows on line 390 accomplishes two things First it prints the lt CR gt second it counts lines printed per page for pagination control At the very very end I naturally indent if re quired so I m ready to print the ensuing words on the next line The routine INDENT is a generalized indenting routine that I will describe shortly Well by the closely 1 INVERSE letters clear 0 here comes that nifty 25 byte routine developed great BEAGLE BROTHERS Let s look at it First have their left most bits 6 amp 7 2 FLASHing letters have bit 7 clear 3 CTRL letters have bit 6 clear For example 1 NORMAL A 11000001 C1 2 INVERSE A 00000001 01 3 FLASHing A 201000001 41
143. ls take precedence Or Blackstone sees the computer as a device which can aid communication but not a true prosthesis which can overcome a deficit After all as an augmentive de vice especially through speech systhesis it can only reach speeds of about 25 words per minute slow com pared to the spoken word It also fails in that it cannot send the social signals like body language can which repair communication breakdowns Import ant too in prescribing a computer as an aid are fac tors such as communicative dissonance where needs outweigh abilities environmental considerations in cluding family stress with the technology portabil ity durability and cost Dr Blackstone shuns the myth that the prescription of a communication system means that one has given up efforts to gain speech To the contrary the aid gives power and the power allows the patient to reach deeper within to often attain speech Also discounted is the myth that there is one best system and patients often have two or more aids prescribed for given settings Prescription is an attempt to find appropriate tech nologies and the evaluation must take into account the person the environment and the system Factors in personal evaluation include motor and cognitive abil ities visual and hearing discrimination vocational goals and leisure activities the state of dissonance and the person s strengths Environmental considera tions are the fa
144. m 7 30 9 00 PM in the office We will answer questions and try to help new owners get their systems up and run ning We will also explain how our club operates PIG the Thursday Pascal Interest Group meets on the third of each month at 7 30 PM at the Club Office SIGAMES is the special interest group of computer hobbyists interested in using their APPLEs for entertainment They meet immediately following the monthly meeting of Washington Apple Pi SIG Mac see SIG Mac News elsewhere in this issue STOCKSIG meetings are on the second Thursday at 8 00 oe Ee Be m _ f amp PM at the WAP office Call Robert Wood 703 893 CANS RATULAT IONS 5 ree my Telecomm SIG usually meets after the regular WAP TO T S irae fey L patin amp There were two winners in the contest to rename the Washington Apple Pi disk sales activities C Swift Prop submitted the winning name DISKETERIA and Gerald P Michalski submitted a slogan which Just couldn t be ignored Software for Creative Living Congratulations to both winners and our thanks to all the members who submitted entries amp Washington Apple Pi May 1984 5 UJJAI HOTL INE Have a problem The following club members have agreed to help PLEASE keep in mind that the people listed are VOLUNTEERS Respect all telephone restrictions where listed and no calls after 10 00 PM except where indicated Users of the Hotline are reminded that calls regarding commercial software pac
145. m an internal modem or who are new to the use of AE Pro Macros often don t know how to set up the program to auto dial The AE ro manual has a sectfon on the Hayes Smartmodem which daceribes how to auto dial using a macro but there is no mention of repeated dialing A letter was pub lished in Softalk recently on how to do this but it was full of typographical errors Further the Anchor Mark 12 is different from the Hayes Smartmodem in that it provides some additional response codes like BuSY and has no DIP switches Here as a public service is how to perform re peated auto dial dial until answered with this hardware software combination Yes I know the phone company will probably put out a contract on me if too many people all start clogging up the network with thousands of call attempts to busy numbers like our ABBS To use the following Macros your inter face MUST have the carrier detect on at all times See my recent WAP article on this subject The reason for this is simple the CD must be on so that AE Pro can receive the result codes from the modem The simplest way to repeat auto dial is with the following macro AT DP 9868085 SY L1 DT for tone dialing instead of the DP the backslash is available on the Apple JE by prefixing the This simple approach has several deficiencies especially with pulse dialing Sometimes the ABBS is down or a mis connection occurs Then instead
146. mily situation who are the communi cation partners funding and community resources Finally the system must be reviewed in terms of the types of inputs and outputs needed the availability of software power supply and whether to use a dedi cated system or an off the shelf and modified one EVALUATION MODEL Obviously included in the loop shown below are avenues for feedback since the patient and technology are constantly changing Also product and funding avail ability factors change and when you actually try things out they may not work the way the brainstorming sessions thought they might Washington Apple P1 JJS el P a Needs Manufacturers Distribution Goals Solutjon Research Analysis Specifications w ieee In the example Dr Blackstone presented that night the Apple was not the immediate choice it lacked the portability needed and cost too much The immediate choice was a Sharp Memowriter the Apple was targeted for future use as a workstation when funding and other environmental considerations fall into place Dr Blackstone recommends that persons interested in the process of evaluation read Greg Vanderheiden s article in the Summer 1983 issue of Rehabilitation World She can be reached at the John F Kennedy Institute 707 N Broadway Baltimore MD 21205 phone 301 522 5450 AN ADDITION TO OUR LIBRARY Dr Theresa Rosegrant of Arizona State University s Department of Elementary Education
147. n a function common to all the supplied programs Not only can you dissassemble machine code you can LIST Applesoft OR Integer Basic programs found in the sector without exiting from Tricky Dick If you are attempting to modify a commercial program you bought which is sup plied in protected form Tricky Dick allows you to enter non standard sector marks which may allow you to access your software The Linguist is the nibble editor of the package Its one very novel and useful feature is the ability to decode the address field into the volume number track and sector This decoding can be done in any of the three often used nibble formats Having examined the nibbles that comprise a sector you can jump to TD to examine the decoded bytes they represent One criti cism of this routine is that re entry from Tricky Dick forces a re read of track zero This inconvenience can be defeated through an easy to apply modification which limits the track read to a single selected track Of course this modification must be undone to read other tracks The Code Breaker routine is used to modify the byte translate table found in the RWTS read write track sector subroutine in DOS Fear not if the previous sentence sounded like computerese the CIA documenta tion will make it clear This part of the CIA is used to encode or decode non standard versions of DOS The Tracer is somewhat misnamed It should be called the Finder with apolog
148. n carefully delineates operat ing system dependent extensions programmers can easily avoid these if they wish to develop source code which is transportable to the above environments One potential problem is the fact that the CP M 80 version is written in and generates 280 machine code which will not run on all CP M systems e g 8 bit Heath Zenith and CompuPro systems using the 8080 8085 CPU The decision to use 280 machine code was apparently a compromise based on the Z80 s more powerful instruc tion set and the fact that the majority of CP M implementations including Apples use the 280 CPU users may be more concerned about how closely Turbo Pascal resembles Apple s implementation of the UCSD p System version Not being a connoisseur of UCSD Pascal I can make only a few observations on this subject Turbo Pascal of course does not provide high level language support for the Apple s graphics functions a la turtlegraphics However since Turbo does permit peeking and poking routines could be developed for directly manipulating the Apple s graphics pages Other differences are the elimination of the GET and PUT procedures and the provision of extensions to READ READLN WRITE and WRITELN which enable the latter procedures to handle both text and fixed length files To test the difficulty one might have in converting a UCSD Pascal program to Turbo Pascal my wife keyed in a 6 page non graphics game program HANGMAN from Herget an
149. n see Microsoft s version varied from 2 to 4 times slower than Apple s version depending on the particular test involved The times for Apple s ver sion are from the Byte article The Eratosthenes Sieve program did not fit within the work space nor mally allowed by Microsoft BASIC until I typed the command CLEAR 25000 to take memory away from the Mac intosh desk accessories Listings of the test pro grams used are on page 328 of the April 1984 Byte Each test involves a loop with 5000 iterations except for Eratosthenes Sieve which was dimensioned to find 1899 prime numbers By now I had become involved in the comparison pro cess so I decided to add a comparison with Applesoft BASIC running on an Apple J The last column of the table shows those results The programs were used with the least amount of change necessary to allow them to run in Applesoft I did not run test number 5 in Applesoft because Applesoft does not have a sepa rate integer divide command Observant soft was readers will notice that humble o1 Apple faster than Microsoft s MS BASIC on test number 4 long divisions One possible explanation for the slowness of the MS BASIC divisions could be that it is keeping track of a greater number of sig nificant digits than Applesoft But the time estimate of 31 seconds shown for MS BASIC is for single pre cision 4 bytes data and using double precision 8 bytes adds only 1 second to the MS BASIC time Appleso
150. n the printer end with the expectation that the XON XOFF I have received a letter from Robert Knight of Guild protocol rather than DTR would be used with the erland New York regarding his experience with key printer See your Apple dealer to get a replace board problems that is worth passing along ment cable I have had a problem specifically either multi printing of a letter on a single keypress or Q I have an Apple J Integer Basic in ROM and a no action at all on a keypress I too have been to 16K card generally used to contain Floating point the dealer on three occasions for this problem and Basic I ve noticed that several programs on the have been charged for one decoder board the repair market specify that one needs an Apple J in order of a decoder board and finally a recheck at no to run their software More importantly ProD0S cost I took the bull by the horns and took the does not support Integer Basic What alternatives keyboard off when I seemed to find that the do have For instance can I purchase the reseating of the connector appeared to solve the Floating point ROM set and simply substitute them problem temporarily Cleaning the connector for the Integer ROMs Or can I purchase a contacts seemed to improve the condition for awhile Floating point Firmware card and still be able to but did not solve the problem use my 16K card And who sells it I checked every solder connection on the printed A You can plug th
151. nar inter face superior graphics amp aore 129 ShuffleBuffer 3eK 126K w cut amp paste serial and par 235 Grapplert printer interface parailel w graphics 120 Buffered Grappler 16K to 64K buffer plus graphics 169 CPS Multifunction serial parallel and clock 163 Wizard BPO 16K 32K buffered parallel w graphics 138 IPI graphics text duep page foreatting 69 CCS 7710A RS 232 serial for printers sodees 109 VIDEO amp KEYBOARD Videx Ultratera 160 colusn 48 row display A E REEE 239 Videotera 80 coluan w softswitch amp inverse 209 Wespercorp Wizard 00 softswitch amp inverse built in 153 ALS Searterea II 80 coluans at a bargain price 129 MicroSci 80 col card w 64K RAM for Je 123 Keytronic KB 200 low profile detached heyboard 235 MEMORY EXPANSION rp Wizard 16K RAN card 2 gr warranty 63 Titan Systems 120K RAM card 0 cece eee ee 3 Washington Apple P1 a a ae ee ee eee ee eee ene May 1984 WORD PROCESSING SOFTWARE Wardstar 3 3 including 6 Mhz Z 80 Applicard 299 Screentriter II 70 col display spooling sore 8 Super Text Professional cece eee 49 Bank Street Writer or Speller Q pts Write Jle 83 Word Handler List Handler Spell Handler 109 Hoseliord easy to use icon based systea 9 Perfect Writer edit view eultiple files in CP M 173
152. ntact WP9998 on the ABBS i HOT LINE VOLUNTEERS The phone just rang witha request for help with Quickfile We don t have a hot liner for it Anybody out there who can handle questions A few other recently requested items include Supercalc the Apple Imagewriter printer the C language and the Word Juggler word processor CALL A P P L E UPDATE Dick Hubert President of Call A P P L E called our attention to the letter of agreement he had sent us after we had verbally estab lished the membership special last spring The letter did state that the agreement was to last only until December 1983 Our mistake and apologies to Call A P P L E for failing to note this They added the cut off date in their letter because they expected to increase their membership fee as they did at the beginning of the year Dick indicated that a repeat offer of some kind will be made again shortly MANY THANKS efforts jin We want to thank Cara Cira for all her arranging our monthly programs She has put together some very educational interesting and entertaining sessions We note with mostly sadness but some excitement the formation of a Connecticut Hotline Lofty Becker is returning to a law teaching position in Hartford and has jokingly offered to start a local hotline for our members in that area to cut down on phone expenses While we will miss his personal contribution at meetings we hope to continue to receive his excellent and mu
153. ntd 18 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi TO DELETE POSITION LIST IF EMPTYP LIST CoP IF POSITION 1 COP DELETE POSITION 1 BF LIST OP FPUT FIRST LIST DELETE POSITION 1 BF LIST END TO CHAN POSITION LIST E LEMENT LIST LIST N IF EMPTYP POSITION LIST STOP IF EMPTYP ELEMENT LIST STOP LOCAL NUM MAKE NUM FIRST POSITION LIST MAKE X DELETE NUM LIST MAKE X INSERT FIRST ELEMENT LIST NUM X CHAN BF POSITION LIST BF ELEMENT LIST X END TO DOUBLE NUMBER PRINT CHI MOM PRINT NUMBER 2 amp END oo lt a Lad prn pe m CLASSIF IEDS DONATIONS WANTED Apple JE or J for Garrison Forest School Call Gregory Cukor at 301 363 1500 Will provide receipt for income tax purposes WANTED Apple parallel interface board and cable for Paper Tiger IDS 440 Ray Thelwell 972 1614 FOR SALE AJ 830 831 printer 30 cps 14 7 8 in carriage Printer will backspace underline and double strike Includes tractor feed two built in shelves 10 black ribbons 6 colored ribbons red brown and blue 9 different print wheels Valued at 1077 current cost Has been under maintenance con tract 800 or best offer Also includes one month free service by AJ at your home Call Lee Raesly 460 0754 FOR SALE TI Programmer electronic calculator with power supply instructions carrying case In mint condition Make offer Also boat 2 way VHF radio Standard Horizon 78 new in carton As
154. nvest in a spelling checker program having written the documentation There are spelling errors on the disk as well The purchaser buys the documentation as well as the disk and that purchaser is entitled to standard American English in a clearly written clearly printed text devoid of abbreviations and including an index g Washington Apple Pi a Fe USE S le ES x by Bob Trexler The February 1984 issue of the WAP Journal c review of the programs on WAP Disk 37 e ae Among these is a program called General Disk Utili ties I have used this program internally docu mented as DISK UTILITY PROGRAM by J Garbor 1979 for several years as my el cheapo disk snooper and repair aid Because I have never seen any documenta tion of this program I have had to experiment with it to find out how it works While I do not pretend to know it as well as J Garbor does I know how to use it and I thought that some words from me might encour age others to try to use it too GU Ibe Now onward towards using GDU as I will call it for short The program is written in Integer Basic so you will have to get Integer up before it will run for you Let me first summarize what GDU will give you l The contents of a given sector of a given track 2 A graphic display of used and free sectors 3 A directory which reveals the statistics on a spec ified file track sector list address length type and so forth 4 A nibble e
155. o Wirth s book PROGRAMMING IN MODULA 2 FOR FURTHER INFORMATION If this series has succeeded in wheting your interest in Modula consider several sources of further details First WAP s Pascal Interest Group PIG will answer your Modula questions at its monthly meet ings Also the PIG is preparing its first Modula disk for the club library which includes the flash card drill program from last month Next look at a copy of the Journal of Pascal Ada amp Modula 2 which recently changed its name and expanded its coverage of the language Finally consider buying a book or two on Modula At present the only book on the market is Programming in Modula 2 by Niklaus Wirth 1982 Springer Verlag pp 176 This book is the official bible of Modula but it suffers from the fact that English is not Wirth s native tongue Also a re vised third edition is at the printers so you might want to wait for it I predict that by fall the bookstores will be flooded with new Modula books Even Jerry Pournelle has threatened to write one Of course if you prefer the straightforward down to earth style of this tutorial over Jerry s that option will be available to you as well MODULA TEXT FILES As with Pascal and Basic Modula supports text files Remember a text file is a series of characters divided up into lines by a carriage return CR char acter The advantage of using text files is that they can be created or modified by text ed
156. of the simple functions that WPL can per form More sophisticated programs will be illustrated in future issues If you are already programming in WPL and have some helpful utilities please send them to this column for publication MULTIPRINT A function noticeably absent from the Apple Writer print menu is the option to print out additional copies of the text in memory Type in the program below exactly as is and save it under the name of Multiprint When you need multiple copies load the document into memory and type Ctri P DO MULTIPRINT An explanation of the program fotlows the listing START PIN Please enter the number of copies a PSX PNP PSX 1 PAS x b PCS a b PGO QUIT PGO PRINT PQT PRINT QUIT All commands that are part of the WPL language are preceded by a P You will recognize that all commands that are embedded or are reached via the print program menu are WPL commands Therefore to print in WPL the command is PNP WPL follows the same format and execution logic as assembly language Here s what s happening in the above program line by line LINE 1 START is a label that is optional Labels are mandatory if you want to get back to a line for a loop or repeat The labels PRINT and QUIT are not optional as you will see as we progress PIN is an input statement Whatever is answered to the ques tion Please enter the number of copies will be stored in the variable a Yes a not a as in BA
157. only minor cosmetic changes having to be made to the spreadsheet before using the normal Mac Multiplan Save method The same procedure for transferring Basic programs is used You should first use a word processor capable of reading ASCII text files to edit your downloaded program from the Apple J so that it contains only the program lines Save these programs under indivi dual file names on a separate disk You would Send these files from the Apple J in the same manner used for the Multiplan transfer MacTEP has a special com mand for receiving Basic files Instead of using CMD R as you would for standard text you would sub contd Washington Apple Pi stitute CMD B at the start and finish of the file properly receive the Basic code Again this has worked flawlessly and I have saved hours of typing It is also very possible to send files from the Mac to the Apple JL This would be of interest to who developed for instance a spreadsheet or text file on the Mac and now needs it to be used on the Apple J You would merely reverse the procedures Since I am not an expert in data communications I was quite happy with the results I have obtained it is possible that this project is within the of any Apple owner who is beyond the neophyte and who is not afraid to tinker with the mysteries of the machine I found it quite interesting If you have a problem you may drop me a note or and I will try to help a SASE wo
158. ons or at least to see if this count is gt 1 Why Because I rely on a colon to tell me when the next instruction is coming so I can quickly go to the next line Well what if I have ABC Al B For sure the 1 is not a line even though its lt 5 spaces from the left margin Go back to lines 678 79 to refresh your memory on this issue So far I ve been talking alot about lt CR gt s Guess what my next test looks for I add the extra lt CR gt for double spacing between complete program lines as pre viously discussed I also reset the colon counter NUMCLN as well as the IF THEN flag DENT3 Remember I indent one more unit five blanks upon detection of a THEN that follows its partner IF Therefore when a lt CR gt eventually appears following the THEN both the flag DENT3 and the of indent units DENT must be decremented to get us back to the left margin existing prior to the appearance of IF Lines 211 216 store each character as the word is being built Next the paired subroutines LINE and QUTWD follow Jointly they are responsible for transcribing the completed words onto paper LINE first tests the amount of remaining line space If ample a return via EXIT occurs thus expediting the ensuing JuMP to output the word via OUTWD The entire ample test encompasses lines 220 232 If not ample I branch to NEXTLN and do the alternating blanks and underlines trick
159. other called Macintosh BASIC or MacBASIC for short is being prepared by Apple Computer for release some time this summer at a rumored price of 99 The Microsoft product is pretty much a standard MS BASIC translated to operate in windows on the Macin tosh It contains the usual MS BASIC EDIT line edit and RENUM renumber commands But it does not evi dence in my opinion any use of imagination to rede sign a product so that it would use the full capabili ties of the Macintosh and its user interface From part all reports Apple s MacBASIC will include as of the standard package a full screen Macintosh editor the equivalent of GPLE and then some and a dynamic debugger that displays variable values and breakpoints In addition MacBASIC will have the ability to run several programs at once and will have an expanded command set that includes many control structures similar to those in Pascal The April issue of Byte Magazine contains an article by Scot Kamins that describes Apple s Macintosh BASIC Towards the end of the article he presents 6 short benchmark programs and the times it takes Macintosh BASIC to execute them The times presented in the article didn t mean anything to me without having something to which to compare them So I decided to try the 6 programs with Microsoft s MS BASIC on the Macintosh The results of the speed comparison between the two versions of BASIC on the Macintosh are dramatic as you ca
160. ough for you Your the problem boils down to not being able to get Apple to output 5 data bits and this is a see your Applesoft reference manual to find what limitation of the Apple RS232 Driver One way keys to press on the keyboard In this case we around this would be to buy an RS232 serial card already know that code 27 4s ESCAPE For Apple capable of 5 bit operation but as far as I know Writer e you would type Ctrl V ESCAPE Ctri V such a card doesn t exist Another solution is to X with no spaces or punctuation between the talk to the Bizcomp modem people they have a soft contd May 1984 Washington Apple Pi ware program written for the II that uses the game 1 0 port to drive the modem and does not require any serial card It might be possible to modify this for use with the Q In regard to the BSAVE command the length parame ter can not exceed 32767 If a file exceeds this length it must be split into 2 files and then saved separately Is there any way to get around this restriction so the file can be saved under a single name A Sure change memory location A964 in DOS from 7F to FF From Applesoft this can be done with POKE 43364 255 This changes the range attribute table in DOS to allow binary files as large as 65535 bytes amp 2 H Tz Information on Store Names Sales Events Restaurants Theatres Gifts Metrobus Schedules and Much More Computer Access Number
161. p AW Anne F Moeller What is a Program Review Bob Oringel A Letter to the Pres Ed Fulton Armstrong Transferring Binary Files Ce Swift Prop Author Guidelines Converting CP M Files to DOS WAP Tutorial Registration Disketeria and Magazine Order Forms Index to Advertisers I Am What I Am SSFTWdikReC CENTRE Computer Productivity Sale AppleComputer Memory Expansion We make computers work WINTERGREEN PLAZA UPPER LEVEL 833H ROCKVILLE PIKE 391 424 3024 SPRINGFIELD PLAZA III 7020 COMMERCE ST SPRINGFIELD VA 22150 703 455 3202 w MIC e misg a ape int uP we node yi APPLE AND MERCURY PRESS TO WORK x ON YOUR PUBLICATION NEEDS eTELECOMMUNICATIONS COMPUTER SERVICE EDITING DESIGN LAYOUT ADVERTISING TRAFFIC PRODUCTION COMPOSITION PRINTING MAILING PROMOTION MEMBERSHIP DEVELOPMENT AD SALES MARKET CONSULTATION MAIL MEMBERSHIP LIST MAINTENANCE MERCURY PRESS PUBLISHING SERVICES Books Brochures Magazines Tabloids Directories Please Call Suzanne Walters Michael Stephens 301 770 6177 Washington Apple P1 May 1984 A C mpl te Com unic tions Sytem Many modem manufactures have offered you complete communications systems for the Apple computer Hayes offers you the Micromodem II A complete communications system without the software Zoom telephonics offers you the networker A complete communic
162. pple Pi TOTAL AMOUNT ENCLOSED NAME Make check payable and send to ADDRESS Washington Apple Pi Ltd Attn Magazines CITY STATE ZIP 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Anderson Jacobson sses Back Cover MinuteWare 2 1 we ww ew we we e a 31 Apollo Electronics Inc a a 3l Operant Systems 2 1 2 eee ee ee 2 Bridget Software Co 2e Pa p Paragon Technologies Inc R 3l Centauri Distributing Co ewe ie Rak Ware 1 ee ee ae ae 43 Clinton Computer 026 29 Ramada Computer Products ee s 25 Columbia Computer Systems 32 33 Robins Inc 2 1 ew ew we ee we ww 25 The interface Group Inc s 6 6 ew ew ew we ew 15 Software Centre Inside Front Computer Den Ltd 1 1 ew ew ew ww 45 Software City 1 2 2 we ew ene 23 BLE Aana a ekiey th Bic ehsae ool Bierce berets 13 Sunstar 1 1 a a we a eel ay a kaa La 26 Frederick Computer Products 41 Systems Services Co 55 HLA Computers Inside Back TIC Computer Camp 1 2 ee we eae 7 ERO TNG ots eS he re re ED Seals 19 Tri State Systems soe 43 Nercury Press 1 ee gete T Tysons Corner Center oe eee ll Micro Connection 21 VF Associates s u e a coe ea E a a 57 MicroPower Ltd se a ds 9 Yes Bookshop 2 se eae we 6 H Micro Star Co 2 soe 59 a 64 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi the New Member Reference Book and or disk
163. r is used i e the too long procedure error The solution is to 1mXX then when Apple Writer reaches the end of a break up your program into a number of smaller line it sends XX spaces at the beginning of the next procedures You can have a lot of small procedures line If the backslash command of Apple Writer is as long as each procedure is smaller than 1200 used Apple Writer is smart enough to know not to words of object code Object code is what the underline the spaces On the other hand if the system produces on compilation of the source code printer underline feature is turned on the spaces that you type in look like any other character to the printer and are under ined If you can t use the backslash command as with the Okidata another solution ts to always Q I have the new Macintosh computer and Imagewriter use a left margin of 0 with Apple Writer 1m0 and printer The printer works fine when I use the instead send the proper command to the printer to set high resolution character printing mode from the left margin as desired For the Okidata printer MacWrite but any other combination such as using the left margin command is lt ESC gt ZCnnn where nnn is MacPaint produces garbage on the printer the number of dot columns for the left margin For a left margin equivalent to about 10 characters nnn A Some early model printers were shipped with a should be 080 Leading zeros are required defective cable Pin 20 was clipped off o
164. r new life Washington Apple P1 An early report on the outcome of our special April 21 Future of the Pi meeting While the turnout was somewhat disappointing approximately 30 folks those who were there certainly made up for it by entering inte the spirit of the meeting Time was too short We could have spent ten hours on the subject but cut it off after two I speak only for myself in what follows There were some surprises but in my opinion we left with a very positive feeling about the results I came away with a dozen new ideas about that from others later More e Ed amp May 1984 3 PRES TDCI us Dawig ELECTIONS Bob Kosciesza spent quite a bit of time contacting people to find candidates for WAP offices Thanks Bob for your contribution The election will be held at the end of June At the April Board meeting the topic of expanding the Exec Board was raised The need for two vice presidents with clearly defined responsibilities and for an additional board member was discussed and the expansion approved The ballot will as in years past contain a number of issues relevant to our future budget and activities You will read more about this in the June issue of the Journal least allo WAP Number 9998 No we re not there yet at not in total members This special number was cated to a member from Great Britain to enable our bulletin board to go International If you want to leave a message for England co
165. r seductive Wil Mac be a hit because it attracts computerphobics FREE Get your FREE copy of the new IDS catalog of ergonomically designed Personal Computer furniture Micce veL It s the one single source of its kind with quality selections of every description from more than 20 of the most respected makers in the business All at a discount off manufacturer s suggested retail prices If ER Fa you haven t received your copy call 202 333 7502 Or write Interior Design Systems Hs 3641 St Mary s Place N W Washington DC 20007 The reason file names cannot have a is because 2 will access the second disk drive 22 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi I felt ike a kid in a candy store That s what most people say on their first visit to Software City Racks of software for business home education and recreation Ready for browsing Every one discounted Come See Come Save Programs peripherals disks and accessories plus a complete selection of books and magazines SOFTWARE ALWAYS DISCOUNTED 11621 Nebel Streete Bethesda MD 20852 301 468 1001 Washington Apple P1 May 1984 23 MAL IAOTOSH lt gt TRAIS FER by Dewees C What do you do when you want to use an existing spreadsheet or Basic program that you have in Apple JC format on your new Macintosh You don t have two modems to transfer the data but you do have a serial card
166. rbo In the worst case the user would have to answer a series of prompts from the installation program defining the particular 80 column card s escape sequences for things like cursor posi tioning clearing the screen etc With the Appli Card I got the best results by first selecting a Televideo 920 driver with the CP M INSTALL program and by then specifying the latter terminal type to Turbo s installation program 52 May 1984 i ft In short this is a highly professional piece of so ware offered at an incredibly low price their intro ductory package even includes the source code for a limited but functional spreadsheet which they call iler of MICROCALC How they re able to market a comp this quality this cheaply I don t know How much longer they ll continue this giveaway is a a guess COLUMN POR lia Neu nm HAG Nealon On April 7th the Forth SIG had its second meeting with 16 people in attendance which just goes to show that you can t keep a good computer language down The main topic of the meeting was the installation of the Forth full screen editor WAP Vol 701 on the club s Fig Forth78 Vol 105 It seems there was an error in the original instructions Bob Platt gave in his fine article on this subject in the May 1983 WAP Journal an errata listing was given in the June 1983 Journal To repeat that errata it should be 73 load not 21 load after you have put Vol 700 into drive 1 For
167. rong air Remember that the file is stored on a floppy disk port amp When the file was stored it was given a name which we call the file name That file is like an air plane with an assigned flight number But if you have ever tried to catch a flight at the airport you know 30 May 1984 Washington Apple P1 HARPUARE If you are having hardware problems with your Apple and or peripheral equipment the have agreed to help It will be at the discretion of HELPERS the Hardware Helper just how involved he becomes may only suggest things for you to do or he may actively assist in cleaning removing or replacing parts Tilghman Broaddus Rt 1 Box 246 Mechanicsville VA 23001 804 779 2553 till 10 J T Tom DeMay Jr 4524 Tuckerman Street Riverdale MD 20737 301 779 4632 till 11 Lyman Hewins Route 2 Box 26 Leonardtown MD 20650 301 475 9563 till 11 Bob Kosciesza 2301 Douglas Court Silver Spring MD 20902 301 933 1896 ti11 10 Richard Rowell 1906 Valley Stream Drive Rockville MD 20851 301 770 5260 7 11 202 651 5816 9 4 Dave Weikert 17700 M111 Creek Drive Derwood MD 20855 So 301 926 4461 7 10 except Thurs and weekends Gene Cartier 6026 Haverhill Court Springfield VA 22152 703 569 8450 till 10 Bruce Field 1402 Grandin Avenue Rockville MD 20851 301 340 7038 ti11 10 Pete Jones 1121 N Arlington Blvd N Arlington VA 22209 703 430 1606 7 10
168. s are 5 00 each FIG FORTH Utilities Volume 183 Cave of the Mind Science Engineering Volume 184 Zyphur Riverventure Games B Volume 185 Castle of Doom IAC 10 Graphics Volume 186 Death Star IAC 11 Applesoft Volume 187 Devil s Tomb Tutorial Volume 188 Caves of Treas Isl Personal Educat ion Volume 189 Furioso Games C Volume 190 The Magic Kingdom Utilities C Volume 191 The Tomb of Molinar Business B Volume 192 Lost Isl of Apple IAC 12 13 Misc Volume 193 Abductor s Quarters IAC 14 Micromodem I Volume 194 Quest for Trezore Picture Packer Volume 195 Underground City Utilities D Volume 196 Merlin s Castle IAC 15 Misc Volume 197 Horgrath Castle IAC 16 Misc Volume 198 Deathtrap WAPABBS 1 1 Doc Volume 199 The Black Death IAC 17 Misc Volume 200 The Temple of Ngurct French Vocabulary Volume 201 Black Mountain Utilities E Volume 202 Nuclear Nightmare IAC 18 Misc Sights and Sounds Pascal Math Science Volume 300 PIGO ATTACH BI0S Games D Volume 301 PIGI GLAQ Volume 302 PIG2 Diversi DOS Volume 303 PIG3 Personal Educ 2 Volume 304 PIG4 IAC 19 Utilities F Volume 305 PIGS IAC 20 Hybrid Pascal Volume 306 PIG6 amp DOS 3 3 Volume 307 PIG7 New Members Disk Volume 308 PIGS WAPABBS 1 1 Disk 1 Volume 309 PIG9 WAPABBS 1 1 Disk 2 Volume 310 PIG10 IAC 21 Spreadsheet A Volume 311 PIGLI IAC 23 Utili
169. s be some one who wants to push the machine to its limits and beyond For those of us who are not able to live with the 26 number limit here is a procedure for adding many times the original 26 numbers The general idea is to create several files of phone numbers of the same format as the PHONE LIST file then whenever a new set of phone numbers is wanted just use the lt D gt DOS COMMAND from the main menu to BLOAD the new file over the old file There are a few potential problems using this procedure but with a little caution they can be avoided Decide which phone numbers you would like in each phone list file and then choose a name for each file Pick something that will remind you of the actual numbers stored in the file For this example let s assume there are two groups of phone numbers you would like to use with COM WARE J FRIENDS and BUSINESS and each has 20 entries Here is the procedure First make a copy of your COM WARE J disk and put the original in a safe place Then BOOT the copy of COM WARE J Choose lt D gt from the main menu to enter a DOS COMMAND COM WARE J will respond with DOS COMMAND You should then enter RENAME PHONE LIST OLD PHONE LIST and press lt return gt This will save a copy of the PHONE LIST file that COM WARE J uses to store the phone numbers Choose lt A gt to select AUTO DIAL then choose lt L gt to DIAL NUMBER FROM LIST We re not going to call any anyone just modify the PHONE LI
170. sary from menu Select Ap ple Writer e or Select Epson FX MX RX Gemini 10 10X Prowriter Apple DMP Imagewriter NEC 8023A or Okidata 92 83A Then turn on or off any print style with a single keystroke 14 95 Minute Manual For Apple Writer J 7 95 Minute Manual For DB Master 12 95 Available at COMM CENTER B Dalton Sidney Kramers H St VF Assoc Logical Choice Towson Computer Com puters Uniimited Westminster Computers amp more or send check 1 S H to Minuteware P O Box 2392 Columbia MD 21045 301 995 1166 Paragon Technologies Inc offers classes in our IBM PC laboratory and Apple lle laboratory in McLean Getting Started With The Micro Computer VISICALC LOTUS 4 2 3 d Base Il WordStar Programming in BASIC Computer assisted SAT preparation All classes are hands on with one person per computer Call 556 9659 or write to us P O Box 6128 McLean Virginia 22106 May 1984 31 k peu Description NEW GAMES Tunnel Terror KKK 4 ll Choplifter i Pig Pen 29 95 21 95 Death Race 82 29 95 21 95 Nl Deadly Secrets 34 95 28 95 y Hardhat Noah 29 95 21 95 x Sea Fox 29 95 21 95 A Cross Country Rallye 29 95 21 95 x Space Cadet 34 95 26 95 Crazy Mazey 29 95 21 95 x Mars Cars 29 95 21 95 Freefall 29 95 21 95 Ming s Challenge 34 95 26 95 y Ultima II 59 95 4 95 M New Gebelll CAL
171. se all the while the program line number has been rolling in this variable has been incremented so I ve got to reset it to 0 to begin a new word after I m done with the line What about PREBLK I ve re initialized it also but what is it For now I ll keep you in suspense At the end of STORENUM I output the non printing CTRL A because I don t want to print the line number until later This is the first of many times I alter the content of the Accumulator so now you see why I don t restore the A register when I m DONE The next test labelled QUOT simply tests for quota tion marks and if found increments the counter NUMQTE The second quote negates the presence of the first as explained in the comment portion of the listing Looking for quotes is important because as I said earlier I do not test for keywords when be tween quotes Finally I JuMP to STOREWD wherein I begin storing the characters of a soon to be complete word See line 211 The next test looks for blanks Remember that a blank is one of my word delimiters except for the first blank that follows either a HIMEM or a LOMEM see lines 144 148 Toward the beginning of the module EMPTY I set up two tests to ignore the blanks that immediately follow your program line number The first test quantifies if WORDCHAR 1 which it must be if this blank follows your line number The second test is to see if LINECHAR is within LONNUM S
172. sion any portion of the contents herein provided proper author title and publication credits are given Membership dues for Washington Apple Pi are 25 00 for the first year and 18 00 per year thereafter begin ning in the month joined If you would like to join please call the club office or write to the office address A membership application will be mailed to you Subscriptions to the Washington Apple Pi Journal are not available The Journal is distributed as a benefit of membership Current Office hours are Mon Wed Fri 10 AM to 2 30 PM MACINTOSH Tom Warrick has accepted the leadership of Tue 12 30 to 2 30 PM amp 7 to 9 30 PM our exciting SIG MAC We hope to be a source of news Thurs 10 AM to 2 30 PM amp 7 to 9 30 PM Sat 10 AM to 1 PM except meeting Sat 12 00 to 3 30 PM meeting Sat only 4 May 1984 Washington Apple Pi Ne The Executive Board of Washington Apple Pi Ltd MIQUTES SUMMARY OF MARCH EXECUTIVE BOARD MEETING met on March 14 1984 at the WAP office John Malcolm was directed to form a committee to select and announce the winner of the new name for the disk library The Board authorized the purchase of a phone answering machine and a phone line for the purpose of providing group purchase information The need to provide spe cialized new member information disk and handbook was discussed A letter of concern to the IAC was reviewed Bob Platt reported
173. ss more efficiently and profitably through the utilization of personal computers and small business systems Hundreds of Personal Computer Products on Display Come Compare Buy Learn from the experts Leading local regional and national suppliers exhibit a broad selection of the computers related products small business systems and services you want and need SAVE HUNDREDS OF DOLLARS ON SHOW SPECIALS at Washington DC s COMPUTER SHOWCASE EXPO ADMISSION Adults 7 80 Children accompanied by an Adult 2 50 Bring this ad to the Box Office to receive 2 50 off the Regular Adult Admission price of 7 50 THE SMALL COMPUTER COLLEGE Informative seminars presented to help potential buyers identify needs in order to purchase computer systems and software Register to be eligible to win For more information a personal computer 308 484 6800 Presented by THE INTERFACE GROUP Inc Worlds eah7g producer of Computer Conterentes anc expositiins g WO First Avenue Needham MA 02194 Telephone 617 439 6600 Regon Office 4700 Nonn State Road 7 Sae 121 Forn Lauderdi e FL 4519 1305 484 6800 Washington Apple Pi May 1984 15 I D a coy 2 Ty E TURTLE TRACKS LOGOSIG SCHEDULE April 28 Logo Project Teams May 5 LOGO IN OUR SCHOOLS Time Change 9 30 12 00 June 23 to be announced July 28 LOGO CELEBRATION LOGOSIG HOLOS ROUND TABLE DISCUSSION FOR TEACHERS The LOGOSIG is sponsoring a special meeting
174. st of the development system To start the system you type turbo and in a few seconds you are given the option of loading an error message file a space saving feature and are then presented with Turbo s main menu The menu com mands are all accessible with single keystrokes and the switching between functions is instantaneous since the entire development system resides n memory After declaring a workfile with the W command you enter the editor by simply pressing E When you are ready to compile the program you exit the editor with KD and simply type C KD does not save the file to disk as in Word Star the S command on the main menu is used for this If there are any syntax errors the compiler stops at the first one and dis plays an error message or error number if you opted not to load the messages at the beginning If you press the ESC key at this point you will be back in the editor immediately with the cursor positioned to the offending statement When all of the syntax errors have been corrected you can run the program by pressing R If any changes to the source code have JINT 5 s P j S omisas gz if Turbo finds an error in an include file it will enable you to immediately enter the editor to make corrections When you exit the editor Turbo will automatically re save the include file on disk and then re load the main program for the next compilation attempt Turbo provides 3 forms of
175. t 61 Washington Apple Pi a HARDWARE Operant Systems DISK OAIVES MicroSci A2 drive 100 Apple cospatible Shugart 390 235 Rana Systeas Elite One drive 40 track 169K 239 Elite Twa 40 track double side 326K 389 Elite Three 80 track double side 652K 449 nm Thinline drive 40 track 100 Apple coapatible 259 mi Davon ee and Corona Winchester drives call ai i Mhz Te ag 64K to 192K RAN 70 col videol 249 Microsoft Softcard Ife 7 80 80 col amp AK on one card 325 Softcard includes CP M 2 2 and MBASICI 225 DR Gold Card 6 Mhz 80 col 64 192K CP M 9 0 wie 348 ALS CP M Plus Systee 6 Mhz 2 60 64 RAM CP M en Titan Systees Accelerator JC 3 hz 630C Aae 25 Speed Deson 6302C high speed coprocessor 239 MONITORS Aadek 300G 12 green anti glare screen 16Mhz 145 300A 12 aaber anti glare screen 10Mhz 135 Color I 40 coluan text color graphics 289 HEC JB 1201 1205 green asber anti glare screen 20Mhz 159 JB 1240 12 green 154hz best value for soney 110 USI PI 2 12 green anti glare screen 20 Mhz 18 PI 3 12 asber anti glare screen 20 Mhz 155 MODENS Hayes Micrcaodea JCe tone dialing speater Seartcoe I 239 Seartaodea 900 300 baud 232 direct connect 210 Seartacdes 1200 300 1200 baud as above a Novation Apple Cat II w Comare 1200 baud capable
176. tatement in LINE 6 evaluates to false This forms the loop that allows the program to continue until it has printed out your text in memory the num ber of times that you requested LINE 9 QUIT is a label PQT ends the program for an interactive merge program that will allow to merge a base letter or text with names and Look you addresses in the next WPL column amp SAVE YOUR APPLE II II witha MACRO FUNCTION CARD ADDS CAPABILITIES KEEPS COMPATABILITY GIVES STANDARD APPLE COMPUTERS 3 KEYBOARDS 1 Standard keyboard 2 70 FIXED MACRO function keys 3 120 USER DEFINABLE function keys USER DEFINED KEYS MAY BE STORED AS DISK FILES OVER 700 CHARACTERS MAY BE USER DEFINED APPLESOFT AND CP M FIXED MACRO KEYS PROVIDED PROVIDES YOU WITH A 128 KEY TYPE AHEAD BUFFER GREAT FOR CUSTOMIZING KEYBOARDS TO SOFTWARE COMES WITH MACRO CARD SOFTWARE AND MANUAL MACRO KEYS ARE TRANSPARENT TO SOFTWARE EASY TO INSTALL EASY TO USE POWERFUL Best of all the price ONLY 75 Complete with 90 day warranty SYSTEMS SERVICES co 1125 SHANNON PLACE HERNDON VE 22070 Cros a3s35s s3Eeoe6 DEALERS WANTED S60 to qualified handicapped persons Virginia residents add 4 sales tax Add 1 50 tor shipping and handling 55 WIDOW Il Af z Aang F Window II and Apple Writer e word processing programs approach the job of computer assisted typing from two quite different directions They both hav
177. the personal computer user For the serfous typist Magic Window seems to be a better bet than Apple Writer Being able to type as fast as I like and see how material will appear before it is printed are features I consider requirements Apple Writer can be a useful program for the less proficient typist however especially if it is used mainly for straight typing no fancy stuff The fancy features in Apple Writer seem designed more to please a programmer than to provide tools for the contd Washington Apple Pi office because the advantages of the special features are outweighed by the disadvantages of the speed limi tations In other words if the typist is good enough to work as a word processor in an office the speed limitations of Apple Writer e will be more frustrating than the special features are useful That dis why I feel these two programs approach word processing from two quite different directions Apple Writer is a programmer s program Magic Window is a typist s program Ed Note The author is a high school teacher of Computer Applications This article is based on experfences gained in training students in word pro cessing on the Apple e amp es Com Ware J contd from pg 53 While we are talking about the Novation Apple Cat I would like to attempt to explain another mystery You may have noticed a SYNTAX ERROR right before COM WARE J dialed a number from the list This is what I think happ
178. ties G Volume 312 PIG12 IAC 24 Education 3 See also Volume 133 Education 4 Special Data Bases CP M IAC 28 Pinball Games Volume 401 Sports Volume 402 IAC 27 Applesoft Prog Volume 403 Apple Logo Tool Kit Volume 404 Apple Logo Sample Prog Volume 405 Logo Documentation Volume 406 ZCPR2 Install Adventure Disk 1 Both Volume 407 ZCPR2 Documentat ton Adventure Disk 2 Req Volume 408 ZCPR2 Utilities EDSIG Elem Math 1983 Tax Template Forth IAC 31 Miscellaneous Volume 700 Assembler Disassemb ler Volume 701 Full Screen Editor Dungeon Designer Volume 702 Goforth Beginners Cave See also Volume 105 Lair of Minotaur Vols 121 135 136 must be purchased together to the author 30 for Diversi Dos and 9 for One Key Dos Total Order disks Make check payable and send to Washington Apple Pi Ltd Attn Disketeria 8227 Woodmont Avenue Suite 201 Bethesda MD 20814 DATE 63 WASHINGTON APPLE PI MAGAZINE MAIL ORDER FORM If you would like to order back issues of the Washington Apple Pi newsletter Inside Apple Pi a compendium of our 1979 and 1980 articles or appropriate box es below If you order 5 or to 4 issues add 50 postage each The price or book alone includes U S Postage a 0 50 October 1980 Volume 2 No 10 1 00 January 1982 Volume 4 No 1 0 50 June 1981 Volume 3 No 6 1 00 Feb 1982 Volume 4 No 2 0 50 Sept 1981
179. tion of Pascal the card must be in slot 1 You A P P L E Since the Applesoft ROMs are copy should have no problem if this is the case In the righted you will have to get them from an Pascal system slot 2 is reserved for a modem and authorized Apple dealer stot 3 is used for a terminal or an 80 column card contd 8 May 1984 Washington Apple P1 MICROMASTER The MicroPower System for Applesoft Programmers Applesoft is easier to is missing commands use than most like print using computer languages But Applesoft found in other versions of BASIC MicroMaster lets you Keep the ease of programming in Applesoft while adding powerful new commands amp PRINT a versatile print using command that formats numbers quickly and easily It remembers the last format you gave it and allows you to use the full syntax of the PRINT command including strings SPC TAB commas and semicolons amp INPUT input anything reads strings including commas colons quotation marks and other punctuation from the Keyboard or a disk text file When INPUTing to a numeric variable you can type the number or any valid Applesoft formula amp TAB amp CEOP amp CEOL Tab clear to end of page and clear to end of line commands that work on both 80 and 40 column screens amp STORE amp RECALL STORE and RECALL values of any array with binary disk file speed Much faster than using text file commands amp
180. to fast correct the statement in error Thus far I have said little about Borland s implemen Turbo Pascal has additional features which facilitate tation of the Pascal language itself Turbo Pascal the compilation of programs too large to fit in the claims to adhere very closely to Standard Pascal as workspace The source program can be broken down into defined by Jensen and Wirth in their User Manual and segments e g procedures standard record layouts Report Additionally it provides numerous non etc which can be stored in separate disk files and standard extensions which give CP M users virtually then included with compiler directives embedded in the complete control of all CP M functions as well as main program During compilation of a main program direct access to machine level functions Among ee contd Washington Apple Pi May 1984 51 ipulate are the abilitiy to make BDOS calls to manipu absolute address locations and to directly access 1 0 is ts Among Turbo s more intriguing extensions the INLINE statement which allows the embedding of hex machine code directly in a Pascal source program of ourse the use of all of these features renders a pro aran less transportable to other systems On the sub ject of transportability Borland International pro vides native code versions of Turbo Pascal for the following operating systems IBM PC DOS Apple CP M MS 00S CP M 86 CCP M 86 and CP M 80 Since Bor land s documentato
181. to use a joy stick as a mouse to move the cursor around It does not allow for footnotes constructing an index or writing form let ters Howard W Sams amp Co 4300 W 64nd St India napolis IN 46202 Price 59 95 ABSTAT This CP M based program is a very to use general purpose statistics descriptive statistics and analyses which can be obtained are of the type found in most introductor textbooks The two way ANOVA analysis of variance is somewhat limited in that it only allows one obser easy package The vation per cell A disconcerting fact is that the ANOVA and regression options require different file organizations Once you choose a command the program provides you with options within that choice The package handled all of my keyboard errors in stride by responding with an intelligible message Unlike other programs I have used it never rudely Help in the form of a kicked me out of the package clear statement of what could be done next was always available by typing It is possible to back out of commands by typing Data management and processing capabilities are extensive and easy to use with one bothersome require ment you must specify the total number of variables in your data set at the time it is created This number must be large enough to allow for additional variables that may be added at a later time If this number is exceeded a larger empty data set must be created and t
182. ton Apple Pi May 1984 53 THe HOTEIS CALL APPLEWRITER 7 7 Contributing hotliners Doug Daje Dianne Lorenz Lee Raesly and Tom Warrick of the Apple Writer hotline are banding to calls en masse Each month this the most often asked questions in a specific hotline area The Apple Writer group is inaugurating this column with answers to our top ten questions You wil notice how many questions relate to printing problems We all agreed that the majority of our calls relate to printers therefore with your Members gether to return your column will address Q A e g if the BASIC command for is PRINT CHR 81 then you would The ASC Q as n prefaced by ESC compressed print send an ESC Q from Apple Writer Most printer manuals have an ASCII code chart the appendix Why do footnotes and page numbers not appear on the final page Whenever you use page numbering or footnotes the hich causes a help we are starting a library disk of glossaries of last item in you text must be FF w arint commands to be used with Apple Writer If you form feed or page throw and forces the errant have developed a glossary for your printer please footnotes and page number to print send it to the Apple Pi office c o Apple Writer Library Disk on disk or hard copy Q When I use the backslash to underline as the Apple Writer manual suggests I get little dashes between I need to use the backslash in my text but
183. totally eliminate your suspense I promised PREBLK The next test looks for a colon Remember the colon can t be in a REMark or between quotation marks so I look for these conditions first I ve gotten into the habit of using a colon to separate logic modules in my Applesoft programs instead of a REMark followed by nothing When I entered this colon I typed lt CR So i I universally insert another lt CR gt after this colon as well thinking that it separates multiple instructions then I will generate a cumulative triple space here the first lt CR gt because of the colon and two more because of the lt CR gt inside lt CR gt The latter lt CR gt signals the end of the line so later on I will double space on top of the first lt CR gt ASAE a total of three Whoops So line 166 begins the test to determine if I have this unique use of a colon namely one standing by its lonesome Still on the subject of colons I don t want a lt CR gt inserted following HIMEM or LOMEM so I guard against that possibility beginning with line 178 Betwixt and between I squeeze in storing the colon at the end of the now completed word assuming of course that the colon passes all the aforementioned tests such as not in HIMEM I set the word length and execute LINE and QUTWD in succession just as I did in the previously mentioned case of a blank One last thing on colons I ve used line 165 to count col
184. u believe that WAP has d in New Orleans other WAP members and I have continued to use th Mark 12 several additional features have been H covered Here are the most prominent On 300 baud signals that are too stron the Mar tends to garble the received data sparad ical Iy ine most annoying example of this is our own ABBS This only happens from some telephone exchanges Pre sumably it will go away when the ABBS uses a Mark 12 as well Anchor originally claimed this was a firmware problem but a new PROM failed to change the situation The signal can be reduced in strength by taking your phone off the hook once connection has been made The Anchor modem does not support send out the so called break signal The break is used by some main frame computers as a means of signalling inter ruption to an ongoing process something like Ctrl C on the Apple and on many BBSs Even though your mainframe supports the break you may not really need it for most applications It comes in handy if you are listing a long file and need to pause or cancel further listing For on line editing line at a time data entry and the like the break is rarely important The tone dialing process does not generate the tones for the asterisk or the pound sign These are usually not required for normal tetephone call dialing but are used by some internal systems PABXs and accesory equipment such as programmable dialers versions of t
185. uded a writeup of Disk 93 the next installment in the series That disk is still being processed and will be added to the library as soon as possible probably at the end of May DISK 104 INVENTORY Perhaps the most unusual bug reported to date came from Bob McDevitt who reports that the Inventory pro gram on Disk 104 does not contain any disk input output instructions Sure enough all disk operations are expressed as comments rather than PRINT state ments with DOS commands I supplied the required DOS commands and have the start of a working program However this program obviously was not created for the Apple JC Maybe it was typed from a magazine As a result even with the new DOS commands a user will want to customize the screen and printer display formats If someone comes up with a slick format please donate it to the library cs Washington Apple Pi S SPECIAL Limited Time Only Gemini 10X Incredible print quality 120 cps fric tion and tractor dot graphics 289 00 THE MICRO CONNECTION We Don t Play Games LOWEST PRICES AROUND HERE S WHY _ with Your Money 1 3 STORE LOCATIONS SOFTWARE SPECIALS _ 2 LARGE VOLUME BUYING Prices Good thru April 15 1984 Tax Advantage Apple 60 Tax Wizard Apple 3 LOW OVERHEAD Tax Preparer Apple 192 Tax Manager Apple 4 SUPPORT amp SERVICE Home Accountant Apple 59 The Handler COMPUTER HARDWARE e DISK DRIVES e COMPUTER SYSTEMS
186. ul program that you typed in from a magazine Some magazines like Softalk have generously given us permission to distribute their programs But other magazines such as Nibble who actively sell disks to accompany their listings are generally unwilling to give us permission In general we also try to avoid disks purchased from other clubs The reason for this is that we need their permission to distribute their materials and we already have an exchange arrangement with most of the major Apple user groups But if you have made an improvement on either a program from the WAP library or from some other club we welcome it you When you submit your contribution we ask you to fill out a simple questionaire telling us about the pro grams and also to sign a copyright license which gives WAP permission to distribute your material We ve just redesigned these forms on the Mac to improve their appearance All submissions are routed to a librarian for review I review the DOS and ProDOS contributions Mike Hart man handles Pascal and Kit Leithiser and Dave Neumann get CP M disks Tony Anderson and Ron Grognet have volunteered to review Macsoftware The reviewer uses 20 May 1984 or Wilds L ci t t the following criteria 1 Is it already in the library 2 Does the program run 3 If there are bugs can they be easily fixed 4 Does the program have a copyright notice Do we have permission to distribute the program I also
187. uld be appreciated My address is P O Box 14 Gettysburg PA 17325 phone 717 334 3265 9 30 PM 11 00 PM You may also be able to get the aid you require from members of the WAP Telecomm SIG or possibly from a computer who has staff that works with data communications Happy Mac ing SUPPLIES STORE SHOP BY PHONE WE SHIP BY UPS PRICES SLASHED ON RIBBONS B brand C compatible Epson FX MX RX 80 C 3 95 Epson MX FX 100 C 9 95 Prowriter NEC 8023 C 3 95 Diablo Hytype 2 Film C 3 50 Diablo Hytype 2 Film B 4 25 QUME Film C 1 90 QUME Film B QUME IV Film C 3 45 NEC 5500 7700 Film C 3 30 NEC 3500 2000 Film B 11 90 RELOAD YOUR OWN Diablo QUME NEC 7700 Clean Edge 18 amp 20 26 95 Labels 3 1 2x15 16 5k Washington Apple Pi amp 6 Outlet Surge and Spike Suppressor PRINT WHEELS Diablo Plastic Diablo Metal Diablo 620 Smith Corona TP 1 Olivetti Olympia EC Daisywheel Head Cleaning Kit 15 00 FLOPPY DISKS 5 1 4 ss dd Sentinel Kybe 3M Verbatim Brown ds dd Brawn ds 96 tpi 560 5900 8304 Hilltop Road Fairfax Virginia 22031 Merrifield Area Hours Monday thru Friday 9 5 Saturday 10 2 to someone send receive I think realm stage call dealer DISCOUNT PRICES sss Monitors NEC 1260 Green NEC Color Composite Modems D C Hayes Micromodem Il e D C Hayes 300 Baud Smartmo
188. ume 24 Games IX Volume 128 Volume 25 Utilities VII Volume 129 Volume 26 Stocks Investments Volume 130 Volume 27 Math Volume 131 Volume 28 Planetfinder Volume 132 Volume 29 Utilities VIII Volume 133 NA Volume 30 Games X Volume 31 Plot Utilities Volume 134 Volume 32 Games XI Volume 135 Volume 33 Accounting Volume 136 Volume 34 Solar Tutor Volume 137 Volume 35 Garden Management Volume 138 Volume 36 Games XII Volume 139 Volume 37 Utilities IX Volume 140 Volume 38 Games XIII Volume 141 Volume 39 IAC VII Volume 142 Volume 40 IAC VIII Volume 143 Volume 144 DOS 3 3 Volume 145 Volume 41 IAC 25 Mach Lang Util Volume 146 Volume 42 One Key DOS Volume 147 Volume 43 IAC 29 Utilities H Volume 148 Volume 44 Utilities I Volume 149 Volume 90 Spreadsheet C Genl Bus Volume 150 Volume 91 Spreadsheet D Investment Volume 151 Volume 92 Spreadsheet E Bus Recd Volume 152 Volume 100 Utilities A Volume 101 Utilities B Eamon Series Volume 102 Games A Volume 180 Volume 103 Merry Christmas Volume 181 Volume 104 Business A Volume 182 May 1984 Members 6 00 ea Non members 9 00 ea remainder Members 5 00 ea Non members 8 00 ea Eamon contd This form is only for ordering disks Disks purchased at the office or monthly meeting
189. unrealistic in a big metropolitan area like this But given the technical exciting almost history making nature of this interest we in WAP have in com mon as well as the almost absolute chaos in the hard and software markets today I think it s understand able that a newcomer such as myself would hope for some sense of community To be honest I have to concede that I have not done all I could to immerse myself in the group As I said above I have not attended any SIG meetings All I ve done is attend the plenary sessions try to strike up conversation with the person s sitting near me and volunteer to deliver copies of the Journal to a store near my home In the future I d be happy to help out A ane writing editing or distribution of the ournal Nonetheless I d like to pursue your points about mem re involvement further first with a couple observa ons WAP membership is made up of some of the most diverse and sophisticated people in this country Not only are they potentially important peopie in politics science medicine education business journalism etc they are by virtue of their interest in comput ers probably among the most innovative and forward thinking in their areas 58 May 1984 PRESSI The sophistication and diversity of this membership must put a burden on the Pi that other clubs do not have to endure Our fellow members are potentially quite demanding and perhaps a little hard to please
190. use Ctri H Embed this command after the closing underline command and before the period to close the unwanted space You won t have this problem with a dot matrix printer because the command to underline does not create a blank space Q I m trying to send printer controls to my dot matrix printer but it just isn t listening Don t you use Ctri V to embed the CHR number that you need A No PRINT CHR number can be a printer control string but is sent from BASIC not Apple Writer The letter that corresponds to the ASCII code is what you want to send to your printer usually 3a May 1984 Washington Apple Pi A BS PG Pree ITER 76 Z wl Y Dianne Looe mz WPL or Word Processing Language is a programming language utility that is part of Apple Writer With WPL you can write little programs that do nifty things for you when you are using Apple Writer Most people are so happy when they finally get comfortable with Apple Writer that they don t look beyond it to the accompanying WPL manual And if they do one look at a WPL program is enough to convince the novice that it s something they can live without Your Apple Writer disk has several program written in WPL on it already These programs are accessed by the print program command Ctrl P WPL is the program part of this command Explanations of the programs you already have and how to run them can be found in the Apple Writer manual The following programs fllus trate some
191. w rumored to be scheduled for release in July A thorough review is found in the April issue of BYTE MAC CP M A SOFT CORONA 2MHZ FLOPPY HARO DISK 1 WRITE TO FILE 100 NUMBERS 6 6 7 4 4 250 j 8 9 10 7 6 500 j 11 17 14 11 10 2 READ FROM FILE 100 NUMBERS 1 4 7 3 2 250 NUMBERS 3 13 14 7 6 500 x 5 25 26 12 11 3 BUBBLE SORT 50 NUMBERS 12 27 20 16 75 25 60 47 38 100 44 110 79 66 4 LOOP OF 5000 5 12 7 6 5 ADD FIRST K DIGITS 1000 3 6 5 4 4 5000 13 31 5 19 18 amp brit eROAT I OMAL T 7 Sl The suggestion has been made to establish an Inter national SIG within Washington Apple Pi that would coordinate the exchange of information with similar groups in other countries particularly those in which computer use jis not widespread Such a group would work principally through nationals of the countries concerned who live in work in or frequently visit Washington DC and who are interested in furthering the use in their countries of microcomputers produced by any manufacturer Means of exchanging operation of systems include board information could international computer bulletin and personal contacts through people travel ing to other countries An organizational meeting will be set up in the near future Interested per sons should contact Gabriel Roth at 202 676 8060 or Bernie Urban at the WAP office 301 654 8060 Washington Apple Pi CLINTON COMPUTER LEARNING CENTER Classes scheduled for April
192. wing four WAP tutorials are being offered on Tuesday evenings from 7 30 to 9 00 PM at the office 8227 Woodmont Avenue Room 202 Bethesda MD The tutorials start promptly at 7 30 if you bring your computer please arrive 15 minutes early to set up You may sign up for any or all of the series They are designed for the beginner and will be repeated monthly A detailed outline of the tutorials was given in the February 1984 WAP Journal INTRODUCTION TO APPLE COMPUTER HARDWARE Tutorials may be No tutorials are being HOW TO USE YOUR APPLE SOFTWARE scheduled for June scheduled BEGINNING BASIC if there is sufficient for May BITS BYTES NIBBLES interest Call the office The fee for each tutorial is 10 00 with an Apple monitor and disk drive 15 00 without Please note that WAP does not have equipment for you to use if you do not bring your own you will have to look over someone s shoulder Tutorials at 10 00 with equipment Tutorials at 15 00 without equipment The following non regular tutorials are being offered at the office on Saturday mornings 9 30 AM to 12 00 Noon Please register in advance dBase II Lee Raesly May 5 PASCAL Robert Platt 4 sessions Jun 2 16 30 Jul 7 10 with Apple member 15 with non member 40 with Apple member 60 with non member 15 w o Apple member 20 w o non member 60 w o Apple member 80 w o non member INTRO
193. y to learn and use And there s auch ore RECORD MASTER under developaent and test for two years has all the features of prograns costing hundreds of dollars Yet you can order it now at the low introductory price of 49 95 plus 1 50 for shipping handling Maryland residents add 5 sales tax For the Apple Il e Requires at least 48K send check or aoney order to 384 7875 BRIDGET SOFTWARE CO 1309 CANYON RD SILVER SPRING MD 20904 Bay Eas GS es Ges Cees Ses May 1984 11 EDUCAT IONAL bu Raymond H You have undoubtedly software read about software exchanges and you are aware of the high cost of commercial Now there is another source of educational software that is low in cost and carries with it the assurance through statistical documentation that it has made a significant difference in the educational progress of children The name of this resource is the National Diffusion Network NDN It is supported with your tax dollars and fs part of the U S Department of Education The primary function of the NDN is to identify high quality educational programs and assist interested schools in the process of locating and adopting programs that have a proven track record These validated programs are available to any school in the USA at a cost that one Principal termed almost free The NDN s most repeated goal is to eliminate the reinvention of the wheel Today the NDN has funded a dozen computer softwar
194. y to link them into the object file The only way this feature would be useable is via a machine language interface to resolve parameter addresses and the use of DDT to link them not a very practical solution Perhaps Turbo Pascal s most impressive feature is its speed The ads cite compilation and link speeds which are approximately 1 100 that of the IBM Pascal compil er and MT Microsystems s Pascal MT both of which also generate native code A similar claim of an up to 3 to 1 advantage in execution speed is made for a CPU intensive benchmark program How accurate these claims are I cannot say One example I can offer are the statistics for the most recent compilation of a program I am currently developing on an Apple e equipped with a6 mhz Appli Card The single pass Turbo compiler translated 600 lines of source code consisting of a main program and 7 disk based include files to a CP M COM file containing native 280 machine code in 18 seconds When compiling and run ning small programs in memory Turbo takes on more of the flavor of an interpreter with the execution phase been made since the last compile Turbo will re com seeming to commence almost instantaneously Perhaps pile it before commencing execution If a run time it is merely Turbo s well thought out easy to use error 1 0 error range error etc is encountered development system which makes the compiler appear so Turbo will again allow you to re enter the editor

Washington Apple Pi Journal, May 1984

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents