Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine S220
Contents
1. Plant and Process Engineering Experimental Capabilities e Investigation of a true Rankine Cycle Steam plant e Determine of cycle thermal efficiency based on shaft power e Determination of friction losses at various exhaust pressures e Investigation of turbine torque speed and power speed characteristics e Investigation of steam quality by throttling e With the optional power generation module demonstration of electrical power generation Description The unit is supplied as two complimentary modules An independently certified electric boiler with safety valve automatic control system and fail safe pressure switches provides steam at up to 8 Bar gauge to a solenoid valve P A Hilton Ltd This in conjunction with an optical sensor limits the maximum turbine speed to a safe level Steam flow to the turbine can be throttled by a hand valve and the boiler turbine inlet and condenser pressures are indicated on gauges The impulse turbine is driven by a convergent divergent nozzle and turns a brake wheel with speed sensor and digital indicator allowing true shaft power to be determined An optional electrical power generator is also available for demonstration purposes The turbine exhausts into a condenser and this passes water to a similar water reservoir The reservoir connects to a boiler feed pump Like full size real power plant the condenser operates at sub atmospheric pressure and the unit incorporates an ai2. P A Hilton Ltd Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine S220 Operates on a true Rankine Cycle with boiler turbine feed pump and condenser Stabilises in minutes and allows rapid data collection Bench top unit allows similar experimental procedures to full size plant Optional power generation module Optional Computerised Data Acquisition Two year warranty Page 1 Version 6 Introduction In the past steam power plant for teaching purposes would have been adapted from large scale industrial plant incurring high capital running and maintenance costs There are also adapted model reciprocating steam engines or units that consist of only a boiler turbine and condensate collector with no feed pump The Hilton Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine S220 is a low cost alternative to the existing Hilton Steam Generator and Service Module S200 and Steam Turbine Module S210 Like these already well proven units the S220 operates on a true Rankine cycle with boiler turbine sub atmospheric pressure water cooled condenser and a boiler feed pump Indeed the Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine S220 incorporates many well proven components from both the 200 and S210 units The unit will provide interesting and instructive experimental work for all students but will be of particular interest to those studying Thermodynamics Heat Transfer Chemical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Power Engineering Marine Engineering
3. cations details are provided in an extensive user manual that allows other software applications to communicate with the logger via the USB interface Users can write their own software typically in LabView Matlab C C Visual Basic etc This further expands the student project capabilities of the SC221A package from teaching and demonstration into the field of research and postgraduate study Computer Hardware Requirements The menu driven Software supplied with the Computer Upgrade SC221A will operate on a PC which has at least 0 5Gb Mb ram VGA graphics 1Gb hard drive CD drive and an available USB port The software is Windows 2000 XP and 7 compatible Ordering Information Order as Data Acquisition Upgrade SC221A P A HILTON Ltd Stockbridge Hampshire SO20 6PX England C 4 Horsebridge Mill King s Somborne hand calculation or alternatively data may be Telephone National 01794 388382 transferred to most spreadsheets for computerised International 44 1794 388382 CAN ME WITH calculation and graphical presentation Fax National 01794 388129 op 710 International 44 1794 388129 Fa miats iy Data may be stored on disc and displayed at any time 5 using the software supplied E mail sales p a hilton co uk phe fm Website www p a hilton co uk Page 4 Version 6 NOTE The policy of P A Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice
4. e circuit breaker Page 2 Version 6 NOTE The policy of P A Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice Specification General A bench top Rankine cycle steam turbine with electric fired boiler throttle valve impulse turbine sub atmospheric water cooled condenser and boiler feed pump Instrumentation to record all relevant temperatures pressures cooling water and gas flows turbine speed and turbine brake load Safety to include high pressure cut out switches and relief valves on boiler and condenser steam solenoid valve and electrical overload cut outs and earth leakage circuit breaker Detailed Boiler Independently certified electric boiler with automatic control pressure switches fail safe pressure cut out and large capacity relief valve Turbine Single stage axial flow impulse De Laval turbine on a vertical shaft mounted in corrosion resistant sealed ball bearings Convergent divergent nozzle discharges at 20 to plane of turbine rotation and rotor has blades with 45 inlet and discharge angles Rotor diameter 50mm Maximum turbine speed 40 000 rpm Water cooled Condenser Condenses turbine exhaust steam allowing heat rejection from the system to be measured Feed Water Reservoir Collects condensate from the condenser fro return via the feed pump to the boiler Feed Pump low volume flow pump Flow Meters For condenser cooling wa
5. lectronic transducers and instruments on the 220 to be carried out with the aid of computerised data acquisition data storage and on screen data presentation This enhances student interest and speeds comprehension of the principles being demonstrated Students are presented with either raw data for later P A Hilton Ltd Alternatively data may be transferred to any compatible spreadsheet together with individual time and date stamp on each reading for complex analysis Additional Data Logging Facility Supplied As Standard The D103 is the third generation of Hilton Data Logger It comprises an industrially proven 21 channel interface with 8 thermocouples type T and K as standard differential voltage inputs 100mv DC 8 single ended DC voltage inputs 8v 4 logic or frequency inputs and one mains voltage input In addition there are on board 12v DC 5V DC and 15v DC power supplies for most commercially available transducers The Hilton Data Logging software supplied as standard with the SC221A package allows the D103 to be disconnected from the 220 and used together with most standard transducers as a stand alone computer data logger for the instrumentation and monitoring of existing laboratory equipment using locally sourced industrial transducers The software is also backwards compatible with our many second generation D102 data loggers that are already in use worldwide Full data logger command protocol and communi
6. r extraction system The boiler feed pump and non return valves to the boiler complete the full Rankine cycle Instrumentation includes all relevant system pressures system temperatures and cooling water flow rates turbine speed and brake load A combination of digital and analogue displays show the recorded parameters Optional Power Generation Module An optional electrical power generation module is available that replaces the standard belt brake and load cell This allows students to experience the operation of the full steam power plant where power generation is the objective Note that on certain competitive systems where there is ONLY electrical power generation and no shaft power measurement the important concept of system losses cannot be demonstrated Operation Due to the low thermal inertia of the system experimental work can be commenced within a few minutes of switching on As the unit is a complete Rankine cycle the operation can continue as long as the electrical supply and cooling water are available The need for expensive feed water treatment is not required as the unit can be operated on a small volume of de mineralised water that 1s generally readily available for topping up automotive batteries Additional safety features include boiler and condenser relief valves and high pressure switches together with turbine speed control Electrical safety includes miniature overload cut out switches and an earth leakag
7. ter Allows measurement of heat rejection from the condenser Digital Thermometer 0 1 C resolution with multi way Selector switch for all relevant temperatures Pressure gauges For all relevant system pressures Turbine Tachometer Digital display and over speed cut out Turbine brake load Digital indicator Dimensions Approximate Height 650mm Depth 655mm Width 2000mm Weight 118kg P A Hilton Ltd Accessories and Spares Unit supplied with One experimental operating and maintenance manual in English Spanish French Accessories and spares for 2 years normal operation List available on request Services Required Electrical A 6 0kW 380 415 Volts 3 Phase Neutral 50Hz With earth ground Or B 6 0kW 210 220 Volts 3 Phase 60Hz With earth ground Cold Water Continuous supply 5 litres minute at 25m head intermittent supply at 25 Litre minute Boiler Feed Small quantity 10litres de mineralised or Water distilled for initial fill Then approximately 1 litre 10 hours running Ordering Information Order as S220 Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine Optional S220A Generator demonstration kit SC221A Computerised Data Acquisition System Electrical Specification Either A 380 415 Volts 3 Phase Neutral 50Hz With earth ground OR B 210 220 Volts 3 Phase 60Hz With earth ground Language Either English Spanish French Also Available On Request Further detailed specifica
8. tion Additional copies of instruction manual Recommended list of spares for 5 years operation Page 3 Version 6 NOTE The policy of P A Hilton Ltd is one of continual improvement and we reserve the right to change this specification without notice Optional Extra S220A Power Generation module The S220A allows students to experience electrical power generation from the shaft power generated by the steam turbine It may be added or removed from the S220 Rankine Cycle Steam Turbine at any time depending upon the teaching requirements Optional Extra SC221A Data Acquisition Upgrade Hardware details The Optional Computerised Data Acquisition Upgrade SC221A consists of a 21 channel Hilton Data logger D103 together with pre configured ready to use Windows compatible educational software Factory fitted coupling points on the S220 allow installation of the upgrade to the unit at any time in the machine s extensive life The Hilton Data logger D103 connects using the cable supplied to a standard USB port on the user supplied PC If more than one logger is required connection is via a second USB port or standard USB hub The combined educational software and hardware package allows immediate computer monitoring and display of all relevant parameters on the S220 Software Details The pre configured menu driven Software supplied with the Computer Upgrade SC221A allows all recommended experiments involving the e
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