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1. 12 3 5 2 Distance to Centerline sicuti er ao Rie ue dada snaseadeaueatiens 12 ertet ee Re NEED o So 13 3 5 0 H BIBIT idee rire p e oid oted iiid d a es le diaeta ae 13 3 555 AZIMU TUI s cuc gale ec tun eave ens 13 Br Amplitude cada os da rale ER Lana 14 3 5 Pilase EITOE uere esuada copa 14 3 6 Course Signals in the selected element ssssee 14 3 6 1 Courses BO oram la cse eere rosa Secr em 14 3 6 2 Course SBO PASE xaidvtisieesik das ts oh a Qo PO 14 3 6 3 Course CSB Amplitude 14 AXIS 110 ONANCO 20 MAR 2002 CP N i AXIS 110 User s Manual CPN il 3 6 4 COUISeC 5 B PTIaS Qiiod tus mar bea 15 3 7 Clearance Signals in the selected element 15 3 7 1 Clearance SBO Amplitude eee 15 3 7 2 Cleatalce S BO Phase eedem 15 3 7 3 Clearance CSB Amplitude icu oss odorem to Pe hc rie erede 15 3 7 4 Clearance C SB Phase ir error P I5 Ad FUHGHUDE ancsenci baies zteraecr des AER I REO ER GNN ENEAN d HM DRE 16 n E ad epa s 16 dE Due cen ele Dae Cr 16 43 F3 SOU 16 aY 16 dub E edad 17 4 6 0 17 raa 17 4 7 1 Load Tie Eb a 18 To
2. scale ti Hid Fig ORB302 Data Entry in the Orbit mode AXIS 110 GNANCO ORB 4 200CT 2005 unc Orbit Cross Over Mode 3 2 Level Level m lt 444 gt Only in 3D mode The level is a barometric altitude in meters above the ground level atthe antenna system The default level is the aircrafts height if following a 3 glide path angle down to the threshold The height f 444m correspons to a distance of 11112m 6NM The earth curvature is taken into account 3 3 Start angle Min AZ angle lt 50 gt The start angle of the orbit is called minimum azimuth angle and measured from the array center in degrees The default value is 50 3 4 Stop angle Max AZ angle lt 50 gt The stop angle of the orbit run is called maximum azimuth angle is measured from the array center in degrees The default value is 50 3 5 Angle step Increment lt 0 50 gt The angle step increments to be used in the calculations The default value is 0 5 Use a smaller value Press the l key on the toggle panel if reflection objects are present The increment should some times be changed as there may be an interference with the increment and the bend frequency creating strange oscillat ing variations The total number of plots is limited to the remaining free memory and should normally be kept to less than 400 3 6 Receiver speed Receiver speed kts lt 0 gt The aircraft speed combined with the receiver pl
3. I isotropic H Dipole half lambda D Dipole with reflector L Log Periodic Dipole Normarc W Log Periodic Dipole Wilcox F Frame Th CSF V V Dipole CLR 3 Name of ASY file Enter any name with maximum eight letters Do nottype the ASY extension as the AADesigner will make itfor you Ifthe file name already exists on the disk you will be prompted Are you sure Y N in case you will overwrite the existing file with new one UTL 6 20 DEC 1993 Utilities 2 5 Array Saving Last but not least step of the AADesigner process is to save the new array The AADesigner gives you three possibilities 1 F2 List Array feeds 2 F3 Save the Array 3 lt CR gt Return to the Control Panel 2 5 1 List Array feeds lt F2 gt F2 List Array feeds This command displays the antenna feeds on the screen and allows you to make a hard copy After that it returns to the Control Panel with new antennna array installed lt Date gt AXIS 116 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 lt Time gt ILS for Document ILS for Document Ant Distm SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP CDI C CDI 1 11 22 1 14 90 17 23 6 66 00 O 6 Bu 2 9 18 3 63 90 31 86 6 66 8 8 88 4 6uA 6 6uA 3 7 14 5 13 90 51 41 8 6 66 0 00 4 6uA 8 8ufi 4 5 18 6 17 90 72 51 6 66 4 66 4 6uA 4 6uA 5 3 66 5 13 96 96 64 8 6 66 4 06 4 6uA 4 6uA 6 1 82 2 66 98 166 66 6 66 4 66 4 6
4. 200CT 1995 SET i AX1IS110 User s Guide SET ii 200CT 1995 SetUp 1 Description The SetUp utility is called from the Control Panel by F3 key The SetUp utility consists of three main functions 1 startup configuration 2 language selection and 3 the user code deletion The setting of configuration will be used to initialize AXIS110 as the default setup whenever the software is started Language selection is used to determine the language that is seen in help screens and names of parameters toggles all around the AXIS110 The user code deletion is used for security purposes and for re entering a new User Code with different access level SetUp procedure is divided into two parts actually two screens In the first screen you are able to change parameter settings Secondly you proceed to the command screen where you have three commands available save language delete usercode If you do not select any command but hit enter the program execution will return into the Control Panel without any changes 200CT 1995 SET 1 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 Data Panel The F3 in the Control Panel will start the setup procedure opening the first screen called Data Panel Data Panel configuration items are divided into four groups 1 Model Dimension and Antenna Array 2 Site Data 3 Printer Screen and Receiver Settings 4 Color Settings ARIS 118 Lx MEE L
5. 8 8 4 1 1 Stop End CIStAN CG ost om pO 8 4 1 2 Projection Level uiid scs oe ri o E rt 8 4 1 3 Max Distance on graph 5 8 8 4 1 4 Min Distance on graph X scale eseeeeee 8 4 1 5 Sideways 9 late NT EXE ann 9 a x E er etd e a Cor einn t c v e cute deeds 9 etse taret 9 5 e sies Serum on De i ERE 10 5 IG tapHlic SO Cle D sodes naa vd sed ias Rd da 10 5 2 Position AdjUStMentsS bet aka isa a undc a rasan 10 LP TOIectian ra 11 S ees tae adults 11 52 3 Minimum Distantes eL a e m d 11 5 2 4 Maximilidistdie Ca ooa Ls BEY D 11 Bed FUNCIONS e nt edt 12 5 3 1 Black amp White to Colour S elector s 12 5 3 2 Display InWerter xisdmdesn tros a estes eso 12 5 9453 P FITTEOLIE uod esca ig oid dag rid asa b so RR Xo Md 12 5 3 4 Graph Cc 12 13 20 OCT 1993 BND i AX1IS110 User s Guide BND ii 20 OCT 1993 Bend Analysis Mode 1 Description The Bend Analysis mode includes two options 1 Analyse Bend and 2 Make Bend Analyse Bend option is used for finding the possible origin of the reflection The Analyse Bend option will analyse the bend wavelengts and their position along the
6. Fig CPN402 The screen after F7 selection There are five function key commands available F2 Load file F3 Save file F4 Kill file F5 New directory F6 Make ASY file The default directory is the WORK subdirectory under the AXIS directory P gUp PgDn gt is used for selecting preset directories named WORK1 through WORK50Y 20 AUG 1994 CPN 17 AXIS 110 User s Manual 4 7 1 Load file lt F2 gt This command is used to load earlier saved model to the AXIS It will display all the modelling setup files in the selected directory Above the filenames there is 21 character long description field where you can read the model description lt CR gt to select ammerfest 23 han lt Esc gt to cancel HF23 1 HF23 2 84262912 Bytes free Fig CPN403 Typical Load file Screen The cursor appears on the first file name Move it with the arrow keys and press Enter to load the file Press Esc to return without loading any file 4 7 2 Save file F3 This function is used to save the model in the selected directory It opens two fields which you have to enter for saving the file 1 Enter file name Esc to cancel Press Esc for returning to Control Panel without saving any file otherwise type the file name 7 characters max and on extension and then press En ter 2 Enter new Text Description The text fi
7. when approaching towards the localiser This angle represents the opening angle in a cone whose intersection with the terrain gives the geometrical solution for the possible origin of the scattering object BND 2 20 OCT 1993 Bend Analysis Mode After entering two or three selected points the software will calculate the incident angle of the reflected signal and project this angle on a map as two or three hyperbolic lines Bend Analysis Track AZ 8 8 Proj level Bm i i P 4 i 2 2 i i i a a E H i i s E i t IRXIS 1181 3 Samples t gt PgUp PgDn F1D0B amp M FZ Invert F3 Print F4 Save Fig BND202 The hyperbolic lines are generated when projecting three cones on the ground plane from three different positions The opening angle of the cone is given by the bend wave length Reflection object analysis might often show two solutions to point out of the origin of the reflected signals To determine which one of these two points is real one another approach should be tracked a little off course line The real point will then stay while the image point will apparently move its location compared to the first solution By using the F2 Make Bends option bend lengths can be computed for differ ent distances when the coordinates of a selected reflection object are entered This analysing method works fine where there is only one major object producing the scattering signals For cas
8. 4 2 F2 DOS Temporary access to DOS The AXIS 110 occupies about 350 KB of RAM leaving the remaining memory available for any other use Type EXIT to return to AXIS 4 3 F3 SetUp The F3 opens the setup screen for configuring and saving the setup as a default You can set the system data site data language and the printer control as well as the screen type and the default colours Detailed description is given in section SET 4 4 F4 Util The F4 opens the utility selection screen A complete description about the utility is given in section UTL AXIS 110 ONANCO CPN 16 20 AUG 1994 Software AXIS 110 NANCO Software Control Panel 4 5 F5 New This function gives you the default start up values and erase all entries previ ously set Alter the default values by using the F3 key to change the setup which is contained in the file AL 002 Appendix A2 describes the format and the content of AL 002 4 6 F6 Last The F6 key will load the setup you actually were running last time The file AL 003 contains this setup In the appendix A2 the format and the content of this file is described Note AL 003 is identical to the library files in the WORK directory 4 7 F7 File This function key F7 allows you handle load save kill your files on the disk Files directory Work directories Select by PgUp PgDn Files directory gt WOREN 7 Description CF5 gt New director
9. Isotropic H Dipole half Lambda Dipolew reflector LogPeriodicDipole Th CSF Frame V V Dipole CLR AntennaelementT ype CurrentFILE name M ax 8 characters System filename AntennaSystem R eady F2 ListArray feeds F3 Save lt CR gt Control Panel H D L T Endof file A2 16 20 UN 2005 Appendix 3 AX3 Appendix 3 Definitions and Abbreviations 5330 Software 20 AUG 1994 AX3 i AXIS 330 User s Manual AXIS330 NANCO AX3 ii 20 AUG 1994 Software Appendix 3 0 9 2D 3D Al A2 A3 AAD ADU AF Ampl ASY APP Ant Antenna Antenna Array Antenna Element Two dimensional Three dimensional Glidepath antennas A1 is the lowest antenna and A3 the highest one Antenna Array Designer section of this manual Antenna Distribution Unit This unit is between antenna array and the transmitter dividing the signals CSB SBO C CSB C SBO from the transmitter to the antenna ele ments of the array Audio Frequency Amplitude File extension for antenna system files Approach mode section of this manual Antenna A physical device that converts a RF signal in cable into an electromagnetic field in space A number of antenna elements arranged in a group in order to direct the RF signal in certain directions and or avoiding RF signal into other directions A physical unit consisting of one or more tuned radiating
10. The bend amplitude caused by fixed installation on the site NOTE Itshould be remember that all fixed reflection objects are removed in Sensitive Area mode 3 5 4 2 Limit of Dynamic Bends Limit of bend uA 4 The maximum allowed dynamic bend amplitude caused by the moving scatter objecton the simulation Also the command F 4 allow to enter this limit The dynamic bend limit will be DynBend MaxBend2 StatBend SNS01 where MaxBend maximum allowed bend amplitude StatBend static bend amplitude from fixed objects NOTE Maximum bend value is normally set to 4pA but 2 will be used if the very limit of the smallest disturbances shoud be mapped 3 6 Texton Diagram Description Enter new Text Entry for the description string to be shown on the graph 20JUL 2001 SNS 11 AX1IS110 User s Guide 4 Toggles 4 1 A dd NO Only the dotted grid with 100m per square and the solid grid with 500 1000m per square is shown in the graph RWY The runway with a taxiway is drawn on the graph m The distances along the x axis is displayed in the graph R amp m Both the runway and the distances are shown NOTE The taxiway distance less than 100m or having a threshold distance less than 1200m will omit the taxiway oh the graph 4 2 T rack Rx This toggle is used to set the track options for different test conditions PtC The receiver is positioned in ILS point C The Bend Limit is set to 4uA by defa
11. The receiver start is the start distance of the track measured from the LLZ array Default value is ILS point A but can be set to any positive value greater than the stop distance 3 4 2 2 Stop Distance selectable Receiver stop m lt 4056 The receiver stop is the stop distance of the track measured from the LLZ array These are the default options when pressing the T key PtA B A normal track range for Low Visibility landings PtA C A test track down to Cat specification PtA T A test track down to Cat specification PtA E A test track down to Cat Ill specification NOTE Only the first Track Option Pt A B represents the conditions during Low Visibility Procedures The next aircraft should be no closer than 2NM from THR when the previous aircraft exits the Sensitive Area 20 JUL 2001 SNS 9 5110 User s Guide 3 5 F2 Basic data The basic data entry is activated by lt F2 gt key T 3HH7n C 3293m B 4057m R 1B4ibm Elevation angle 9 321 Threshold distance lt 38H75 Receiver speed kts lt 1855 Static bends uf 4 A gt a Sor pea rhe 45 CatPt C 4 8pAd Description Enter new Text ILS system for test Fig SNS305 Data Entry for the basic value 3 5 1 Elevation Angle Elevation Angle 3 Elevation angle of the receiver track normally 3 NOTE Ifthe elevation angle is changed the receiver track settings should be changed accordinly 3 5 2 Threshold
12. Track EndDist IncrementStep Receiverspeed Receiverfilter Sidew offset 90 5 d B or 96 Mo6FixedPosition M ode Distfrom CourseL ine F2 A ngl AzimuthAngle F2 Dist PointNo FarField NearField Item No to be changed A ntenna N umber Parameter No MIN MAX IncrStep Forwards 20 UN 2005 A2 13 AX1IS110 User s Guide Sideways Height Error Elevationangle Threshold Dist Set 3D modefor heightsettings d B or 90 Display E rase I ncrx N Points P arameter S ense C rs Clr M o 7 Ground CurrentM ode Grid spacing StartDistance Stop Distance Step Distance SidewaysTrack To 7 Display P arameter S plit C rs Clr M o8BendA nalysisM ode A pproach Elevation A ngle TrackAzimuthAngle F2 MakeBends lt CR gt AnalyzeBends N umber of B end Points 9 max PointNo Distanceto B end Center B end W avelength Distance BendLength Threshold distance Stop End distance Projection L evel M ax distanceon X Scale M indistanceon X Scale Sideways offset Samples Proj level Y shift Begin A2 14 20 UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 End Position adjusted Press CR toRe Draw gt Enter the position of theobjectrelativeto L ocaliser Forward Dist Sideways Dist H eight Enter distance whereB ends shall becomputed div Track AZ To 8 N one
13. j Comtrol Panel tuastem ED TH CSP 1151 Pwal aF 1 Defamlr setup PR Chim 108 3 Langage Hm pum Eom DC Becta r 4 880 j k Fara Fert PVG inpe A BBA Mork directory flope 5 685 Graph directory E UGH gdt THE Dist k Filter 2 8 vader HeF1 F1n HODET EARTH E Fri Chrs Hopasg k alterable items others must Be set in TCD13 BEEN This iz the Entmp when starting mp or by prgzzing FSF Est new colours i amp Oo 2 Headieg text hack tj k adi Cursor text har 5 Ferccna text Bechgreuind EJE sg te rtandard Preece CR En prnrssd Fig SET201 The Data Panel of the SetUp utility Subdirectories The subdirectory names WORK and SHOW are the family names for all directo ries used for saving site data WORK WORK1 through WORK50 and showing black amp white graphs for making animations from slowly changing parameters or moving obstacles SHOW SHOW1 through SHOW50 The user can change the directory family names to anything else like ARBEIT GROUP LAGER etc This has to be done manually with an EDITOR in the file AL 002 in the AXIS directory The two default names WORK and SHOW can then be changed After this has been done the F7 key will look for a directory called the new name when saving and storing SET 2 20OCT 1995 SetUp 3 Data Entry The configuring will take place in two steps First you set the all configuration
14. length and hence the high bend frequency observed 6 1 Graphic Display ILS syustem for Docum Sensitive Area 4 6pA CAT II track B 4057m E 3007m i i x x a a 5 5 i i s b i i i I x a TAXIS 110 100m diu s Fast sidescan RX 4 5r s 105kts 1 8 F2 Invert F3 Print F4 Save Fig SNS601 Typical Sensitive Area result for the Cat dual frequency localiser with 2uA static bends The scattering object is B747 and rotating 30 steps 20JUL 2001 SNS 15 5110 User s Guide The graphic display consists of a dotted grid with 100m per square and a solid grid with 500 1000m per square Other shown items are depending on the data and toggle settings ILS system for Docum 4 6pA CAT II track B 4057m E 3007m IRE EG EE EE Nn dd Sensitive firea vese nssebecehose escedecedecedoesce so i M RNC NS n LLZ 37 6 iat Fast sidescan E 4 Sr s l05kts C F1 B amp U FZ Invert F3 Print F4 Save 100n aiv Fig SNS602 Same as fig SNS601 but toggle Orientation is switched ON The dashed line shows the rotation angle of the taifin of the B747 6 2 Functions The functions of the graph display are Black amp White to Colour Selector F1 B amp W F 2 Invert Display invert the colours for cut amp paste purposes F 3 P rint Print the curve to a printer F4 S ave Save a B amp W graph for later play back
15. 56 2 84 is A T7H 5 12 4 8 23 3 h8 32 6 48 8 416 5 fala 1 79 Y11 H 3 18 3 a z ae 25 7 SHT 7h I amp mna hz 7 4 4 2 2 hH 35 5 40 8 W E 1 45 55 8 TaT p47 2 a 15 6 40 8 958 7 4 4 1 29 752 8 4 5 4 8 45 1 58 11 3 48 8 1124 8 69 5 1 1 45 9 4 8 i Bi 7 4 48 8 1257 1 46 3 1 1 LSH 42 1 3 4 3 H J e 46 8 1247 4 24 4 1 8 7B 48 7 1 5 m p Ww pH 48 8 1371 5 8 8 189 67 48 8 g a 7T2 7 p na 3 amp 48 8 1942 4 24 8 181 83 76 9 49 7 i amp 188 64 hit amy hny Fig ORB601 The typical screen for table display results of the orbit mode AXIS 110 NANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 ORB 9 AXIS 110 User s Manual 7 Graphic Display The result of the orbit calculation is shown in graph when the D isplay toggle is selected as GRAPH 7 1 The Graphic diagrams The graphic diagrams of the Orbit mode are three main type depending on the toggle P arameter 1 CDl diagram 2 Amplitude diagram and 3 Phase diagram 7 1 1 CDI diagram Grid scales and lines ILS ayahesa for Bocum Orbit Crossluer B Loin Chl FLY RIGHT FLY LEFT Cad Fig ORB701 The CDI graph scales and grid lines of the Orbit mode 1 Vertical scale is displayed as a FSD value and a Ctr Value The plus and minus FULL SCALE DEFLECTION FSD measured in CDI or DDM of the entire screen Normally this is 800uA 80 DDM with 100uA 1096DDM for each large tick on t
16. 6 2 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector F1 B amp W This function is used to toggle the graph between colour and black amp white The lt F1 gt key will turn the graph into black background and white lines Repeating the lt F1 gt key will restore the color display SNS 16 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 6 2 2 Display Inverter F2 Invert This function will invert the display It also operates in colour display changing the colours to their complementary ones 6 2 3 Printout F3 Print This function allows the feed parameters and the graph to be printed out for documentation purposes Make sure that correct printer driver Grafplus or Gra flasr is loaded before starting the AXIS 110 otherwise no graph will be printed only the text Normally this is done by the AL BAT file 6 2 4 Graph Saver F4 Save The save function is used to save the graphic screen to the disk on the SCREEN directory The names of the files will be generated automatically and the first save is named as AXLO BAS second AXL1 BAS third AXL2 BAS and so on The saving formatis the basic language BSAVE BLOAD mode enabling the fastest Load and play back in AXIS110 NOTE This function is enabled only when the screen is selected as black amp white 20JUL 2001 SNS 17 AX1IS110 User s Guide This page is intentionally left blank SNS 18 20JUL 2001 AX1IS110 User s Guide Appendix Al Localiser Model Table of Contents IA DSS
17. LOG PERIOD Log Periodic Dipole Antenna LPDA CAN MARCONI Canadian Marconitype ThCSF FRAME Thomson CSF frame antenna with reflector V DIPOLE V Dipole used forS EL Clearance arrays AXIS 110 CPN 10 NANCO Software 20 OCT 1995 Control Panel 3 3 5 Course Antenna Array Height Ant Hgts m The general height above the reflecting ground atthe array center for antennas containing the course signal Also valid if the clearance signal is present together with the course signal 3 4 Clearance Transmitter Data Clearance transmitter data fields contain the parameters adjustable in the elec tronic cabinetfor the CLEARANCE signals The type of the antenna elements and their heights are also included Note The CLEARANCE data fields will not be activated for single frequen cy systems 3 4 1 Clearance SBO Amplitude CLR SBOA dB For dual frequency systems the relative level in clearance SBO Positive values will give higher amplitudes out of the ADU Antenna Distribution Unit 3 4 2 Clearance SBO Phase CLR SBOP For dual frequency system the relative SBO phase to nominal value 0 By pressing the lt Alt 1 gt key 90 and lt Alt 9 gt key 90 phase shift will be added to this data field This will also be seen in the lower part of the Control Panel Clearance signalS BO Phase data field 3 4 3 Clearance CSB Amplitude CLR CSBA dB For dual frequency systems the relative Clearance CSB amplitu
18. M o9 Sensitive A reaM ode Scan area Scanbegindist Scan stop dist X increment Scan width Y increment Graph distances Display X range Stop End dist Taxi way dist Receiver location Receiver Fwd dist Receiver Sdw dist Height Receiverheight Receiver track R eceiver start Receiver stop Elevationangle Threshold distance Receiver speed Static bends Limitofbend F8 Length Hot Btm Hgt Rot TiltRefl 1 Scan Begin End X inc Width Y inc 2 Display X scale Stop End TaxiW 3 RX position Fwd Sdw Hgt 3 RX track Start Stop FREE FULL FAST LLZ div pos track Fullsidescan Fastsidescan notcompleted F2 Fast Full F9 CDI tone To 9 20 UN 2005 A2 15 AX1IS110 User s Guide W Jorst Case Y Jaxisscan C learance A ntennnaD esigner Antenna System Design M odule lt Spareline gt Enter elementspacing m F 2 W avelength Enter elementspacing lambda F 2 M eter Enter number of antennasinthearray F2 Chebychev feeds lt CR gt U ser defined Enter sidelobe level 14 994 F2 Dual Frequency lt CR gt Single ListA ntennasfedthrough A DU A ttenuator delimited by spaces eg 123101112 NOTE Onlyhalf system FL Y LEFT SIDE isentered Distancefrom array center m SBO CSB CLR Amplitude Phase of MAX CSB Antenna Center ant Example N ormarc 12 el D ual M ax length Enter System name 1
19. White After a number of graphic screens have been saved on the disk they can be seen like a slide show by this Playback option By computing and saving several screens with increasing change in a feed or mechanical parameter one gets a useful animation tool for showing the total impact of gradually increasing errors when they are replayed as a movie It can also be used to show the difference between two or more very close look ing graphs to compare the impact of a new parameter Use the PgUp P gDn keys to switch between the graphs When the graphic screen is selected Black amp White the F4 Save function is enabled allowing to save the screen as a file on the disk to the selected direc tory The files will be named AXLO BAS AXL1 BAS AXL2 BAS etc automati cally The default directory is SHOW When the playback is started by the 2 Show command all screen files of the selected directory will be played back in the same order as saved The show will repeat displaying the screen files from the first to the last one until any key is hit AXIS 110 S oftware 20 AUG 1994 P LY 1 AXIS 110 User s Manual 2 Command Screen Before starting the playback screen show you may select another directory for the screen files Note The chosen directory remains selected as long as you run the AXIS 110 and all saved graphic screens will be saved to this directory There are eight commands available in the
20. ever yaris dost E E dr bb qubi td 18 ATO RTI SS i debated fata ra Feri 18 4 7 A New dire etory eR5 Seid veri tr redd ie Ee e E PEEL Rn 19 47 5 Make AS Yee Qi de iaka 19 AST GSS COMO 19 4 7 7 Create new directory 87 20 pro EM ROO ar a re 20 AF a esses Strela PC HE QE QI HEU EAR 20 A LORE DOGS asc GA EU EVER GE TOR 21 DEVO EK CYS coda eae cule v a Bei Oa d 22 6 Main Meri reu Soda wate od detta 25 20 MAR 2002 AXIS 110 NANCO Software Control Panel 1 Description The Control Panel is the most important panel of the localiser simulation con taining all electrical and mechanical data of the current localiser system All data input parameters or settings are entered with easy to use arrow keys to change the values or introduce system errors directly on the screen Any phase and amplitude change can be adjusted as well as any mechanical align ment of each individual antenna element For two frequency systems the amplitude ratio and phase relationship be tween the course and clearance SBO CSB signals can be set to any nominal or erratic value AXIS 110 NANCO Software 20 OCT 1993 CPN 1 AXIS 110 User s Manual 2 Screen layout The Control Panel contains two types of fields 1 Info Fiel
21. 14 7 2 5 F8 Scattering Object Editor ua usieda ardor ia a dea dra goes eod is 14 7 2 6 Alt F 8 Offsetall Scattering Sheets together 14 Pl GMO TIS GL Goes ot E d bra Deedee 15 813 56 8 seta i 16 20 AUG 1994 AXIS 110 NANCO Software Orbit Cross Over Mode 1 Description The Orbit Mode simulates a circular movement in a given sector across the course line at a defined distance from the antenna system Orbit track gic Stop Angle LLZ array Fig ORB101 The Orbit mode With the Orbit Mode you can study different parameters like CDI or DDM SBO and CSB amplitude and phases as well as the Beam Bend Potential AXIS 110 20 AUG 1994 ORB 1 AXIS 110 User s Manual 2 Data Screen The Data Screen is divided into three main parts 1 The numeric data 2 The toggles and 3 The commands 11H LEE LGA LIS NE ul DELE Orbit Crarr Gee Erare Data for naw run HEE nga ta circle h BBHM L i DIDiIm Ain Az angle hi Hc magle RHF FI resist H h5H GRAFH Thes FUD pesit ion p Regeiuwer speed Bata Hi a E BEGr Gather T Eon DT Theoret ie ill atal 5 OC rar Cond WEE scriptis DE 1 1 Plavhack Fig ORB201 The Data Screen of the Orbit mode 2 1 Numeric data 1 The numeric data include the parameters used for the orbit co
22. 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP 1994 20 FEB 2010 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 Page ORB i ORB ii ORB 1 ORB 2 ORB 3 ORB 4 ORB 5 ORB 6 ORB 7 ORB 8 ORB 9 ORB 10 ORB 11 ORB 12 ORB 13 ORB 14 ORB 15 ORB 16 APP i APP ii APP 1 APP 2 APP 3 APP 4 APP 5 APP 6 APP 7 APP 8 APP 9 APP 10 APP 11 APP 12 APP 13 APP 14 APP 15 APP 16 APP 17 APP 18 APP 19 APP 20 FIX i FIX ii FIX 1 FIX 2 FIX 3 FIX 4 FIX 5 FIX 6 FIX 7 FIX 8 FIX 9 Date 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 OCT 2005 20 AUG 1994 20 OCT 2005 20 OCT 2005 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 2005 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 2002 20 AUG 2002 10 DEC 1996 20 AUG 2002 20 SEP 2006 20 SEP 2006 20 SEP 2006 20 SEP 2006 20 SEP 2006 20 SEP 2006 20 AUG 2002 20 AUG 2002 20 OCT 1993 20 AUG 2002 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 2005 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 FEB 2010 AXIS 110 User s Manual Page FIX 10 FIX 11 FIX 12 FIX 13 FIX 14 A1 i A1 ii A1 1 A1 2 A1 3 A1 4 Date 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 2
23. 3 2 Scale Center ING Hep e deeper el s 5 breed A cR 5 A se OSS c cS 6 T OX MM DIU ea ceri D Rr a ni 6 4 2 DS DIG iinei alid Codi atas Y Y DN 6 a SAEI SS Besse P 6 d AD DC OC a tiui ita Fon tos P tae D o LI 6 45 Pjata metei ioo esed bui cis dab pa rione ibtd adu Gu td s as aad 6 A CUM NOG Sem er TNE E a 7 A LORS E ERA iw eda eR 7 TG EL sien ver bi Race oci p weite dese pa axons a 7 Dy CoOfmtTiallds 5 staat eil yas ay 8 BT lenis teeta ead over 8 De PS LOK En 8 5 3 FAFS D sutured Guia 8 a dea aen 8 5S WP TOM GIU ic aa RS 8 5 5 C RC EP 8 6c Table Q UPU rrr 9 Graphie Display 5 5 oco n eme irse poda dpi ds 10 7 1 The Graphic diagrams e a c wg 10 a eoo gh ae cates 10 7 1 2 Amplitude Diagb liac s EX uU oi uke 12 RE PhaseDiagra Mk rineh ea Puteo exi da usa dd 13 AXIS 110 ONANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 O R B AXIS 110 User s Manual ORB ii Ti FUMING ONS 13 7 2 1 F1 Black amp White to Colour S elector een 14 7 2 2 F2 Display Inverter iusso Con nies e ous net Ea dev 14 5 3 A ILN CON U i a rir 14 3 2 0 RA GTaDITS AVON curte re dus Ioan FO
24. 4 2 6 Bottom Height of the sheet or the wire Btm Hgt 5 2 Rotation Angle IRON PERITO o 6 2 8 Tilt angle of the sheet or number of wires Tilt 6 2 9 Reflection Factor M nan 7 3 Editing OD mee 8 eee 8 22 COMMANA S erae e 8 De soos acai c 8 3 2 2 VE 2 CODY Lm 8 3 2 9 F3 ee 9 KR iis iiri 0 1 ticuedemtauis 9 as 9 3 2 6 lt CR gt CTRL Panel 5 9 4 Modeling a tailfin fee 10 20 FEB 2010 SCA i AXIS110 User s Guide SCA ii 20 SEP 1994 Scattering Object Editor 1 Description The scattering objects are simulated with a rectangular sheets simulating vertical walls of buildings or aircraft tailfins that might reflect diffract and shadow the illuminated signal The scattering object editor is invoked by the lt F8 gt key enabling to insert view or modify the simulated reflection objects LL array Fig SCA101 The input parameters of each scattering object The AXIS110 can handle upto the ten objects at a time If there are already objects entered in the system the scattering object editor will show a list of the present objects allowing to see or modify any of these If there are no objects in the system this editor proceeds automatically
25. 5 6 Amplitude Error Ampl or dB This data field is normally 100 showing the nominal percentage reference in the antenna output To simulate antenna gain error reduce or increase the value to any value The AIt B toggles the display between and dB Note This setting will effect all signals in the particular antenna element 3 5 7 Phase Error Phase 9 This datafield is normally 0 To simulate phase errors adjust the field to the desired value in degrees Note This setting will effect all signals in the particular antenna element 3 6 Course Signals in the selected element 3 6 1 Course SBO Amplitude SBO Ampl or dB The relative SBO amplitude relative to maximum CSB feed for the given antenna defined as the 150 Hz sideband vector relative to the carrier vector in the reference CSB The lt Alt B gt toggles the display between and dB 3 6 2 Course SBO Phase SBO Phase The phase of the 150 Hz sideband vector relative to the carrier phase in refer ence CSB The nominal values are 90 on the antennas on the FLY LEFT side of the array and 490 on the FLY RIGHT side The reference CSB is nominally one ofthe center pair antennas WARNING Do not use 9 hotkey number nine to adjust a single antenna element phase It adjusts the Course transmitter phase shifting all Course SBO phases by 90 degrees 3 6 3 Course CSB Amplitude CSB Ampl or dB The CSB amplitude relative to a given
26. 6 PAILS TMG ATE aV sisse tid ocu id c o ua 6 3 25 te D Gba oum sick Ri a Ha iu da FAN 7 3 2 1 Operating Frequency 7 32 2 COUSO S eda EA Hei 7 3 2 3 Forward Slp ii TP EP dee tdi date 8 3 2 4 Sideways Slope tetas 8 3 2 5 Threshold te br deciden tn Fer EE Ee rn 9 378 Reflecti n P ANG uus eo atur tet Pot 108 1 die o D e cement 9 3 3 Course Transmitter Data aici 10 3 3 1 Course SBO Amplitude esi sidiasepedas ro lacer Ee ets 10 3 3 2 COURSES BO PNAS ide erii areas rd br SE EO OE OD FCU ARD a dt 10 3 3 3 ADU Attenuator ThroughipUE ss mente tne Fes deo des 10 3 3 4 Course Antenna 10 3 3 5 Course Antenna Array 11 3 4 Clearance Transmitter Data 11 3 4 1 Clearance SBO Amplitude irren none a o nouae 11 3 4 2 Clearance SBO P hase ness van det fon Gl Had rd OR aired 11 3 4 3 Clearance CSB Amplitude ios acaso 11 3 4 4 Clearance Antenna 11 3 4 5 Clearance Antenna Array 11 3 5 Antenna Element Data arisini a Ed RR id on 12 3 5 1 Antenna
27. 706 Tasting Capture Ratio Orbit Crossieer amp 1888 SO A CSR Hep dB Perfect SEX e xev Y ev i E Me A Ji X x vn 3 ah Y pH AM A AM ADQJAGI X IIS AM AAA y ed f LH i COURSE sgo JL vaaasdarera tans peepee cam nare nasa l zh 18 1 z ag H FZ Inuert CFAOFrint Finus C Ualumz CZFCESCLR Fig ORB 706 Using the cursor to measure the computed Capture Ratio The amplitude ratio between the Course and Clearance CSB signals on the center line AXIS 110 ORB 16 20 AUG 1994 Sofware AXIS110 User s Guide APP Approach mode Table of Contents 1 Description 2 Data Panel 2 1 Numeric data 1 uir Vae is 2 2 2 9 Commands T3 cs cca tr 3 Data Entry 3 1 Approach Elevation Angle 3 2 Threshold Distance suse 3 3 Threshold Crossing height 3 4 Runway Helghl 5 iere 9 5 DO astu med come casa tacens ea ese ts 3 6 Approach Azimuth Angle 3 7 Approach Start 9 8 Approach End Poltib ooi rta xen ac ente 9 9 Approach Steps merkinnee 3 10 Receiver Speed 3 11 Receiver Filter 2 eee eeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 3 12 Graph GCenterlitie
28. Analysis Mode 5 2 1 Projection Level We can change the projection level of the hyperbolic lines so they are drawn on an imaginary horisontal plane at a selected height above the surrounding ground level We are normally selecting a level that corresponds to the center of the reflection objects that can be found in the given area Proj level 10m Using the or key will alter the projection level while in the graphic screen to ease the cut and try procedure of determining the location of a scattering object 5 2 2 Y shift The Up Dn arrow keys will move the center up or down Upper left hand corner of the screen is shown the name and the value of the parameter Y shift 20m The value of the parameter is stepped by Up Dn arrows and the text field is shown the value as long as you hit lt enter gt for redraw or another position keys 5 2 3 Minimum Distance The Left Right arrow keys can be used to change the minimum distance of the graph to zoom in on the crossing of the hyperbolic lines Upper left hand corner of the screen is shown the name and the value of the parameter Begin 300m The value of the parameter is stepped by lt Left Right arrows gt and the text field is shown the value as long as you hit lt enter gt for redraw or another position keys 5 2 4 Maximum distance gUp PgDn The lt PgUp gt lt PgDn gt keys can be used to change the maximum distance of the grap
29. Below is shown the accepting substep 1 when twelve elements antenna array is designed lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 lt Time gt Distance from array center fintenna 1 lt 11 219 gt Antenna 2 1588 Antenna 3 lt 7 140 Antenna 4 lt 5 188 Antenna 5 lt 868 Antenna 6 lt 828 Fig UTL202 Data Accepting substep 1 of the AADesigner 20 DEC 1993 UTL 5 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 4 Array Naming After accepting correcting the parameters the AADesigner ask you to identify your array You have to enter 1 System name 2 Antenna elementtype 3 Filename lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 Time Example Hn Es 12 el Dual amp Max length Enter System name for Document I Isotropic 0 lt H gt Dipole half Lambda lt D Dipole w ref lector CL gt Log Periodic Dipole lt F gt Frame Th CSF gt lt U gt U Dipole CLR Antenna element Type lt L gt D Current FILE name NMSB86 ASY Max 8 characters System file name Docui2_ 3 Fig UTL203 A Antenna Array Naming 1 System name There are 21 characters space to make a description of your new antenna array design This description is shown in the Control Panel during the file load proc ess started by lt F 7 gt 2 Antenna element type Enter the first letter according to the desired elementtype Available types are
30. CR gt Continue Starts the orbit computation 20 AUG 1994 ORB 3 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 The Data entry The data entry is started by F2 change command It allows changing one or more items 3 1 The range to circle Range to circle F2 gt m 6 gt 11112m F3 Multiple runs The range represents the radius of the orbit where the center point is in the middle of antenna array This input allow to run upto 6 orbits at user specified distances The default value is one run at a distance of 6NM 11112m Press F2 to change unit from Nautical Mile NM to meters or feet If multiple orbit is wanted press F3 and enter the number of runs and after that the range radius of each run The default level of each orbit is corresponding to an aircraft on a 3 glide path angle along an approach Date ATE 118 ILS LOGRLIEEE SIMSLATOE Tine Qehdt Crore EEEEEEELSLEBILGGCLGCCHLULLLELU bR7OO DB CO GCA4CC ZO0ZDZL aoL fP GGC GQGILBLG OGGGLCLLL Range ta ircle t hio FJHhulrigple rui t sieh 56006 ata Range ta circle tar 11112 dim Range ta czirrln im AARD 2 Fig ORB301 Data Entry for multiple range of orbit rhit Cross Over WEHange ta circle h BMM L i iili2m Level 444ri Hin Az any le 50 Hax fiz angle cae Increnent B 5B Theo FWD pzrrition Bn Receiver iperd Wkts TES Therret ir AHE Cale Canter I 0g
31. Command Screen of the Playback Screen files 1 PgUp PgDn Show directory quick selection 2 lt F2 gt Show Start show 3 lt F4 gt Delete all Screen files deletion 4 lt F5 gt New directory Set your own show directory 5 F6 To DOS Go to DOS 6 lt F7 gt Description Write your own directory label 7 F8 Make directory Make a new directory 8 lt CR gt Return Exit Playback Screen files Show directories Select by PgUp PgDn Files directory gt SHOWN F7 Description CF2 gt Show CF4 gt Delete all lt F5 gt New director 6 DOS lt CR gt Return Fig PLY201 Playback Screen files command screen AXIS 110 PLY 2 20 AUG 1994 Software Playback Screen files 2 1 Show directory quick selection Show directories PgUp PgDn Using the keys lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt can scroll directories from SHOW1 through SHOW50 If the selected directory does not exist a warning will aks you to create it by pressing the F8 key Playback Screen files Show directories Select by PgUp PgDn Files directory gt SHOWS CF Description his directory does not exist 8 to make CF2 gt Show F4 gt Delete all lt F5 gt New director 6 DOS lt CR gt Return Fig PLY 202 The selected directory does not exist 2 2 Start show F2 Show When a directory is selected the show can be started by the lt F2 gt key If the first screen file AXLO BAS does not exist in th
32. Level Projection level 0 The hyperbolic lines should be projected on to a level corresponding to the height of the reflection object Cut and try with different levels when the origin of the object is known in order to gain experience in using this feature NOTE Inthe graph screen the and keys are used for level shift 3 Max Distance on graph X scale Max distance on X Scale 3000 The graph display maximum scale along the distance axis NOTE Inthe graph screen the lt PgUp gt and lt PgDn gt keys are used for level shift 4 Min Distance on graph X scale Min distance on X Scale 0 The Graph display starting point of the distance axis NOTE In the graph screen the lt and keys are used for level shift BND 8 20 OCT 1993 Bend Analysis Mode 4 1 5 Sideways Offset Sideways offset of the track NOTE In the graph screen the and keys are used for level shift 4 2 F3 Text This command is used to enter description text into the graph Description Enter the label text to be printed on top of the graph 4 3 F10 Menu Use the lt F10 gt key to escape to the Menu if desired The lt F10 gt will stop execut ing and escape from anywhere in the program to a higher level 4 4 lt CR gt Continue lt Enter gt key will start the bend analysis computation 20 OCT 1993 BND 9 AXIS110 User s Guide 5 Graph Diagram 5 1 Graphic Screen The result of computation is the hy
33. The F9 key is used to load a new antenna array from available systems AXIS 110 ONANCO CPN 2 20 AUG 1999 Software Control P anel ASY files in the AXIS directory Then the screen will show all available antenna systems which can be loaded into the model by moving the cursor by the arrow keys and then pressing enter Use Alt F9 to load antenna systems from other directories or a diskette First type in the drive eg A or the directory name eg C USER The current antenna system can be saved in the AXIS directory by the F7 Files menu item and save ASY file Common info and a number of Scatters 3 CDI DDM CDI means the deviations in the ADU fields are shown in uA as well as DDM means that deviations in the ADU fields are shown in 96 Note Alt D is used as toggle to select between CDI and DDM Scatters 2 Number of entered scatters The F8 key is used to enter Scattering Objects or to view and modify the existing ones ADU fields 4 There are two ADU fields in the lower part of the Control Panel displaying the CDI or DDM and the SDM atthe ADU output probe for any setting of the sys tem Positive sign means FLY LEFT 150Hz predominance One field is for the combined Course and Clearance signal and the other shows the Clearance signal only For reading the Course signal only switch the Clearance off by the C key toggle function For dual frequency systems the capture effect i
34. data of this group shows which antenna element is selected Ant no Course Signals in the selected element 5 The feeds of CRS signals of the selected antenna element Clearance Signals in the selected element 6 The feeds of CLR signals of the selected antenna element The C key is used to toggle CLR signals on and off AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 1995 CPN 5 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 Data Entry There are 31 datafields in the Control Panel that can be highlighted and the value or setting can be change on the screen directly Before entering any data you should selectthe desired antenna system by using the F9 key If the desired antenna array does not exist in the library a similar one can be made by using the antenna array designer F4 key which is described in section UTL Another way is entering all data and then save them into the library with the F7 key In this case also the reflection objects will be saved as partof the system Detailed description about Function key F7 is in the chapter 4 7 of this sec tion Data values are changed by moving the cursor with the arrow keys to the desired data field and then use the value stepping keys The value stepping keys are Increment Decrement Factor Insert Delete 0 1 PgUp PgDn 1 lt ctrl PgUp gt lt ctrl PgDn gt 10 3 1 System Entry The system entry includes the antenna array and the toggle for a two or three di
35. direction of the graphic curve direction will be from right to left default gt direction will be from left to right NOTE this toggle will only effect the graph 4 6 l ncr x Reduce the increment to 1 2 or 1 4 of the current one in order to increase the resolution when there are short bends onthe curve 1 Increment is same as set in table of numeric data 1 2 Increment is divided by two representing double resolution 1 4 Increment is divided by four APP 6 20 SEP 2006 Approach Mode 4 7 X scale Selection for distance measurement unit used in x scale Distances on the graph are from the threshold A top line on the graph shows the distances from the antennas in km and threshold in both km and NM km scale is shown in Kilometers NM scale is shown in Nautical Miles ft scale is shown in feet actually kilofeet NOTE this toggle will only effect the graph 4 8 O rigin Xsc Toggle start point of the X scale between the Threshold and the Antenna system 4 9 P arameter The simulator works normally in 2 dimensional mode where the antenna heights above ground are not taken into account When reflection objects are present the vertical radiation diagram is important and the simulator will automatically be set to 3 dimensional mode CDI The CDI DDM curv Use the Left Right arrow keys to bring a cursor along the curve In the upper left hand part of the screen shows the current distance and the CDI DDM value Ampl S
36. displayed Use the P gUp or plus key to step upwards and the lt PgDn gt or minus key to step down wards 3 5 2 Distance to Centerline Dist C L 4 m The antenna element lateral distance from the antenna array center normally the course line See figure CPN306 AXIS 110 CPN 12 20 AUG 1994 Software Control Panel 3 5 3 Forward Shift Fwd Dist m The longitudinal distance from the given antenna element to the defined array zero forward distance measured along the course line axis This value is normally zero but a different value can be set to simulate misalignment of the selected antenna element Positive FWD LI poe T E C L Negative FWD Fig CPN306 The Forward Shift of the Antenna Element 3 5 4 Height Height m The height of the given antenna element above the effective ground level at the center of the antenna array 3 5 5 Azimuth Turn AZ Turn 9 The rotation of the given antenna in azimuth direction Positive values are clockwise rotation This value is normally zero but another value can be set to simulate misalignment of the selected antenna element This can also simulate error in the antenna azimuth diagram Direction of centerline Direction of antenna element Positive azimuth angles Antenna element Fig CPN307 The Azimuth Turn ofthe Antenna Element AXIS 110 NANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 CPN 13 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3
37. distance and the height of the object Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 lt Time gt Bend Analysis Approach Elevation Angle 0 lt 3 gt Threshold distance 3007 gt Track Azimuth Angle 0 lt gt X F2 Make Bends lt CR gt Analyze Bends Enter the position of the object relative to Localiser Forward Dist lt m gt lt 8 2588 Sideways Dist lt gt 258 Height lt m gt lt gt 28 Fig BND303 Position of Object Data Entry for Make Bend Option Forward Dist m 0 Foward distance is the longitudinal distance from the localiser array measured along the centerline Sideways Dist m 0 Sideways distance is the lateral distance from the centerline Positive values are on the 90Hz FLY RIGHT side Height m lt 0 gt Height of the object measured from the ground level 3 6 2 Distance s where bends are computed The AXIS110 is asking for the distances where the bens shall be computed until you enter zero distance or the maximum number of 6 distances are entered lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 lt Time gt Enter distance where Bends shall be computed Distance lt i gt 45808 Distance 2 lt 4088 Distance 3 gt lt 35808 3888 Distance 4 lt gt 6 Fig BND304 Four distances where bends are computed in Make Bends Option BND 6 20 OCT 1993 Bend Analysis Mode 3 7 Data Scree
38. end distance from the LLZ array TaxiW the lateral distance between the runway and taxiway SNS 2 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 3 Receiver position track The contents of R X data is depending on the T rack Rx toggle In the PtC the RX position is fixed whereas in the others the RX is moving ForPtC Fwd the longitudinal distance from the LLZ array S dw the lateral distance from the LLZ centerline Hgt the height above the landing threshold For A X where X is B C T or E Start the tracking start distance from the LLZ array Stop the tracking stop distance from the LLZ array Note The track will follow the glide path downward exten sion down to 4m above the runway and maintains 4m height to the stop distance if A E is selected F2 Calculation parameters These parameters determines the receiver path as well as the maximum allow able bends Elevation ang the elevation angle of the tracking path of the RX Threshold dist the landing threshold distance from the LLZ array Receiver speed the receiver speed in knots Static bends the maximum bends from fixed objects Limit of bend the maximum allowable bends of the scatter sheet Text the text line going along with the graph 2 2 Scattering Object Data 2 Scattering object is a movable sheet to be used for computation Length the length of the sheet Hgt the height of the sheet Btm Hgt the height of the sheet bottom edge above the ground Rot the rotation angle of the sheet
39. flightpath which can be seen in the flight measurement record to find the possible origin of the reflection object s as intersections of hyperbolic lines plotted on a horisontal surface The projection level on which the hyperbolic lines are drawn can be elevated to any height to be able to find high reflection objects The Make Bend option is used for tutorial purposes and is a reverse process to Analyse Bend option The Make Bend option is started with entering the known location of the reflect ing object The theoretical bend wavelengths are then computed at some select ed distances These points will be converted into hyperbolic lines in order to give analysing experience when the answer is known 20 OCT 1993 BND 1 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 Analysing process The first step in analysing bend from an approach on a given elevation angle is to select some periodic like bends at different distances As the bend length vary along the approach path momentary values must be found Use only a quarter or half bend wavelengths from the curve to determine the distance as exact as possible Convert the fractional bendlength to one wave length at this distance by multiplying it by four or by two RX 4 5rad s 105kts Bend Center Bendlength 2 xs Fig BND201 Bend Center and Length determination The bend length corresponds to an angle between the direct and incident reflect ed signal given by a cos 1 A Bendlength BNDO1
40. for other possibilities of obtaining the bend limit outside the first occurance as is often the case for single frequency systems 20 JUL 2001 SNS 13 AX1IS110 User s Guide 5 Commands 5 1 F8 Scattering Sheet The F8 key is used to set scattering sheet values of the Scatter toggle FREE option 5 2 1 Scan Area This commad is activated by the 1 key number one allowing to enter or change the scan area settings Note This command cannot be activated if there is a computed result in the memory In this case you have to erase the memory content first by Erase toggle 5 3 2 Display This command is activated by the 2 key numbertwo allowing to enter or change the graph range orthe location of the runway and the taxiway 5 4 3 RX Position or Track Press the 3 key number three to activate this command which allows you enter or change the receiver data values Note This command cannot be activated if there is a computed result in the memory In this case you have to erase the memory content first by Erase toggle 5 5 F2 Change The F2 command allows you enter or change the basic data values 5 6 F3 Text The F3 is used to enter text line description to be shown on graph 5 7 F4 Bend limit The F4 is used for fast setting of the maximum bend limit 5 8 F9 Table for X Y values of SA size The F9 gives the size of the Sensitive Area as a table of X Y values on one
41. has been taken into use delete the present Code by using the F3 key in the Control Panel press enter and select the F5 option from the SubMenu Restart the software and enter the new User Code The User Code Access Level is written to the AL 001 file GEN 12 20 UN 2005 General 7 System Configuring 7 1 Display Screen The graphic screen resolutions is fixed to VGA 640 x 480 7 2 Printer Drivers The AL BAT batch file that starts up the software first loads a graphic printer driver enabling the graphics to be printed on an IBM GRAPHICS compatible like an Epson dot matrix printer For other printer types the printer driver must be set up for the actual printer type by modifying the AL BAT file using an editor Detailed description about printer drivers is in appendix 4 7 3 The Default Setup When starting the software the default setup configuration will come up This can be changed and saved as a new setup by using the lt F3 gt key of the Control Panel The setup configuration includes antenna array site data frequency and antenna front terrain data printer settings form feed and character set screen type receiver response Low Pass Filter and color palette Detailed description is given in the SET section 20 UN 2005 GEN 13 AX1IS110 User s Guide 7 4 Startup Arguments After the AL command some arguments parameters can be attached in order to set the softwar
42. instructor with an ani mation and demonstration tool GEN 2 20 UN 2005 General 3 History This Software has been under development for many years and the code is optimized to give practical results based on extensive experience with field and FlightInspection measurements The file A110 NEW contains the historical development information Use the N hot key in the Control Panel to read the file on screen Any user that did suggest changes thathave been carried out are named in brackets after the change description 20 UN 2005 GEN 3 AX1IS110 User s Guide 4 Manual 4 1 Purpose and Scope This manual provides instructions on using AXIS110 to make a localiser simula tion You will find ituseful regardless of your level of computer expertise This user s guide assumes you are familiar with the ILS theory and the concepts that pertain to the ILS localiser Atthe end of this manual in the Appendix 3 there are briefly described the com mon definitions and abbreviations used in AXIS 110 4 2 Organization This manual is divided into sections Every section describes completely one step module of the program Three letters code are added into the page num bering for helping a search List of Sections GEN CPN UTL SCA PLY ORB VRT APP FIX GND BND General Intoduction this section Control Panel This section introduces how to enter all electrical an
43. keyboard if another value is desired and press enter 8 Ifa wrong entry was made or if the wrong menu item was selected just press the F 10 to start over again 9 SetToggles by the first letter of the toggle to get the desired comput ing parameters and the display settings 10 Press enter to perform the computation 11 To break a graphic computation or return from the module you are in use the lt F10 gt 12 Afterthe graph has been drawn press the keys shown atthe bottom ofthe screen for special functions 13 To printouta graphic diagram press the P key 20 UN 2005 GEN 11 AX1IS110 User s Guide 6 Updates 6 1 Earlier releases 6 2 The AXIS 110 comes in updated releases Rnn where nn is the release number When new versions of the software are issued the new files should be updated NOTE The user edited files like AL BAT ASY GRAFLASR etc will not be overwritten Due to a new format in the ASY files at Release 15 and later all AL files should be deleted on the AXIS directory before the update if the previous version is b14 or earlier Updating is made as a new installation and the first run will ask for your User Code Access code The AXIS110 is delivered with different access levels to run the different items MODES in the Menu Each mode has its Access Code which is included in the User Code thatis entered the first time If higher Access Code has been given after the Software
44. mode W R With Reflector WND Window diagram section of this manual Xinc Xing Hgt Yinc AXIS 330 NANCO AX3 6 20 AUG 1994 Software Appendix A4 Questions and Answers A4 i AXIS User s Manual A4 ii 20 AUG 1994 Questions and Answers Appendix 4 About the answers This appendix provides answers to the most commonly asked questions about the AXIS software The answers is provided AS IS based without any warranty of any kind What is a printer driver A printer driver is a memory resident utility that is loaded by the batch file AL BATand GP BAT just before the main software is loaded from the disk into the computer memory A printer driver is necessary to enable printing the graph ic screens ona certain printer Since there are so many different types of print ers on the market a specially tailored driver is needed that can combine a given graphic screen with a given printer type GRAFPLUS and GRAFLASR are very versatile drivers that can serve most screen printer combinations on the market How do we install a printer driver The AXIS 3 5 diskettes contain these drivers in the GRAF subdirectory and they will automatically copied into the AXIS directory during installation ofthe AXIS software The AXIS 5 25 diskettes DO NOT contain printer drivers but a sepa rate GRAFPLUS diskette is enclosed in the shipment Copy the content of this diskette into the installed AXIS directory How do we
45. mode is excellent to compare the far field and near field response to possi ble errors in the antenna system to examine the monitor and the ground check points sensitivity Point no1 a Fwd id Point no2 e LLZ array dw Fig FIX101 Fixed Position mode with the far field and the near field points 20 OCT 1997 FIX 1 AX1S110 User s Guide 2 Data Panel The data panel is divided into four main parts 1 the data of the position of the fixed points 2 the data of the error simulation 3 the toggle panel 4 the commands Fixed Position Point No 1 Point No 4 2 16666 166 Sideways ac 8 8 714 Set 3D mode for height settings Display CE gt rase qu yintenna Number 6 amp 1 x Parameter No 6 Phase gt Points MIN Error qo gt 90 lt P arameter MAX Error co gt f 98 CS gt ense Incr Step 5 5 C gt rs Clr eS cale Center ap MUi Full scale tz 58pf SuPjDescription SHOWN Fig FIX201 The data panel of the fixed position mode 2 1 Data of the position of the point s 1 The fixed point s is detemined by forward sideways and height position meas ured from the center of the antenna array The value of the numeric data can be changed by F2 Change command PointNo 1 Point 2 F orward Forward distance of the point along the centerline Sideways Sideways distance of the point Height Height of the point Only in 3D mode 2
46. model so the simulations resemble the actual results one gets control and understanding of the model performance and behaviour When a model is established the simulator can find the optimum antenna system or adjustment settings to obtain the best possible signal quality Determine sensitive areas Establish sensitive areas fora simulated aircrafttailfin vehicle or construction crane with a given size and orientation The object will be moved around and optionally rotated to the worst case orientation to find the border of the sensitive area where this object will produce a specified bend amplitude ata selected receiver location or flight path The objective is to obtain qualified restrictions for the movement of various aircraft and vehicle types as well as erecting buildings on the airport Simulating the drifting of system parameters Stability testing by introducing changes in both course and clearance antenna feeds and their mechanical positions to learn whatimpactthis will have on both nearfield and farfield signals This is important in order to specify maintenance limits for the system in order to setthe proper alarm limits in the monitors as well as finding the signal re sponse atthe ground measurement points on specific installations Training Learn how the ILS Localiser system really works under all possible and impossible situations A nearly unlimited theory book that adds neatly into any ILS theory course to supply the
47. parameter Secondly you will open another screen by lt Enter gt key called Action Menu where you can select save language or ignore the configuration In case of user code deletion you pass the first step Data Panel by lt Enter gt key and proceed directly to the Action Menu where you can select the User Code deletion In the Data Panel the values can be changed by highligting the item with arrow keys and using PgUp PgDn keys to get the new value in the same way as in the Control Panel The small triangles in front of the items indicate that the item may be changed NOTE Non triangled items 2D 3D C sector and THR distance can be also activated and changed but they will be not saved Model dimension will be set automatically to 3D mode if the reflec tion object is present C sector and THR distance are included in the antenna array file nnn ASY and MUST be set differently 3 1 Calculation Dimension and Antenna Array System 2D nnnnn The calculation dimension is toggled between 2D and 3D by lt PgDn gt lt PgUp gt keys The Antenna Array can be selected by F9 key which opens the array selection screen in the same way as in the Control Panel 3 2 Site data Site data group is excatly same as in the Control Panel allowing to change the parameters with value stepping keys lt PgUp gt lt PgDn gt NOTE Only triangled items are effective in the configure 3 2 1 Operating Frequency FRQ MHz The operating freque
48. plane CL 0 0uA onthe left hand lower corner the position of the course line CS 4 965 onthe right hand lower corner the course sector angle in degrees AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 ORB 1 1 AXIS 110 User s Manual 2 The curve show the CDI as a function of azimuth angle To see the numeric CDI value from a given azimuth angle on the graph use the Left Right arrow keys to select the desired azimuth angle Note Only the computed points on the curve are displayed intermediate values must be interpolated by the user In 2D mode the BBP will also be displayed 3 The finally computed azimuth angles at CDI values from 150uA to 150uA in 75uA steps 2 483 through 42 483 7 1 2Amplitude Diagram Bean with at 18m FUD rosser B 1 SB 8 CSB 451 Perfect AERIS AG SX q M TM qr 1 nm anm zu iA 1d zu a H E FZ nert CFAOFrint Ma lics CZFCESCLR Fig ORB703 A CSB SBO amplitude diagram at 100m distance The Amplitude diagram shows the SBO and CSB together For two frequency systems the clearance signals will be shown by hitting the SPACE BAR The Left Right keys will bring a cursor along the curve In the upper left hand part of the screen the current azimuth angle amplitude and BBP are displayed for the cursor position Use the lt Up Down gt arrow keys to jump to another curve To measur
49. s Guide Obj Type Fwd Hgt d Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Rfl F2 Add F3 Delete F4 Removeall F5 Sort lt CR gt CTRL Panel Enter data for Scatter Object xor CR gt to exit N ew Object lt CR gt if finished entering lt Spare gt wire F9key CR gt to selectantenna system Esc to cancel Nofilesfound M O 1 Playback M ode Filesdirectory Usage Speed PgU p Step Back PgDn Step A head F 2 Invert F10 Quit F2 Show F4 Deleteall F5 N ew directory F6 To DOS CR gt R eturn Show directories Selectby PgU p PgDn Enter new directory CR D efault Noscreenfilesavailable This directory doesnotexist F8 to make M O 3 Orbit M ode Rangeto circle Level MinAzangle M ax Az angle Increment i Theo FWD position Receiver speed F2 M ultipleruns RX speed amp filter may shifttheC DI curve M ax anglemustbegreater than M in angle TM Please re enter values Number of runs 1 6 3D M ode L evel To 3 d B or 96 Display E rase I ncrx P arameter M ultiple R eceiver C rs Clr M O 4V ertical M ode V ertical A2 12 20J UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 4 A mplitude Display E rase ncrx P arameter C rs Clr atin DR linn eis Mo 5 Approach M ode Elevationangle Threshold Dist Thr Crossing hgt HeightaboveRWY Stop End distance TheoFWD position Track Azimuth Track Start Dist
50. save the graphic screen to the disk on the SCREEN directory The names of the files will be generated automatically and the first save is named as AXLO BAS second AXL1 BAS third AXL2 BAS and so on The saving format is the basic language BSAVE BLOAD mode enabling the fastest Load and play back in AXIS110 NOTE This function is enabled only when the screen is selected as black amp white BND 12 20 OCT 1993 Bend Analysis Mode 6 Example From the centerline approaching curve we have found the following bends BendCenterDistance Bendlength 2500m 318m 2000m 174m 1500m 74m Entering these values into the AXIS110 Bend Analysis we will have three hyper bolic curves The all curves are crossing at FWD 550m and SDW 250m to the each side of the centerline The points are marked by shadowed circle and square ILS syustem for Documm Bend Analysis Track AZ 0 0 Proj level Om 1 AXIS 110 Fig BND601 The hyperbolic lines when projecting three cones after flying along the courseline The ambiguity for the solution is shown by circle and a square Either of them indicate the origin of the bends To solve the ambiguity of having two solutions a new approach is made at 2 degrees azimuth giving the bends as follows BendCenterDistance Bendlength 2500m 275m 2000m 151m 1500m 65m 20 OCT 1993 BND 13 AXIS110 User s Guide The resulting hyperbolic lines will now give two new cross
51. set decide this look at the printout with international ASCII I ASCIT set select ed If the heading underline will be a series of characters and the degree sym bol will be 4 you have to change the character set as a Roman 8 and the print out will be corrected SET 6 20OCT 1995 SetUp 4 Colour Settings The colour settings are effecting only in the text screens and the graph diagram colours must be set changing the graph colour file content manually with text editor The graph colours are coded in the file AL 009 It should be noted that curves are drawn in preset colours so changing colours carelessly the graphic screen can look very strange For instance the background colour should not ever be chosen differently from black or white See details in appendix A2 4 1 Change Colours AXIS110 is using four different colourpairs fore background for heading cursor text and data value Colours are changed by stepping the number keys and you will see the effect immediately onthe screen Colour changing number keys are as follows key 1 Foreground colour of the heading key 2 Background colour of the heading key 3 Foreground colour of the cursor key 4 Backgroun colour of the cursor key 5 Foreground colour ofthe text key 6 Background colour of the text key 7 Foreground colour of the data values key 8 RESTORE all colours to the standard settings NOTE Text and Data values have the s
52. tell grafplus our printer type This is done by a command line in the AL BAT and GP BAT file GRAFPLUS is used for ordinary DOT MATRIX printers GRAFLASR is used for LASER and INK type printers Run either GRAFPLUS or GRAFLASR for finding the number of your printer by typing one of these two names and pressing Enter A list of possible printers will be displayed Press lt Enter gt to get next screen as lon as you find the your printer type or equivalent Note the printer number and exitthe program by Ctrl Break Use a text editor to change the grafplus 1 line in the batch file AL BAT or 6 if necessary to the corresponding number of the printer type The batch file will afterthis modification load and remove the driver automatically every time the AXIS software is used If the graph is not printed properly repeat the procedure descripted above and try another printer types until the printer works If this will not work a new printer driver for the particular printer is need ed Examples The row in AL BAT and GP BAT file that loads the printer driver could be like grafplus 1 IBM or EPSON Dot matrix Portrait direction grafplus 1 IBM or EPSON Dot matrix Landscape direction graflasr 13 HP laser types or compatibles Portrait direction 20 AUG 1994 A4 1 AXIS User s Manual graflasr 13 HP laser types or compatibles Landscape direction The character in front of the printer type is the processi
53. the AXIS 110 software startrunning you justrun the AL BAT file by typing AL Another butless recommended method is to leta menu program startthe AL BAT file We recommend to run AXIS directly from the DOS promptlike C gt To open a DOS window click the Start menu select RUN and type cmd or command With exception of first time running the AXIS110 comes up after opening screen to its Control Panel showing the standard defaultsetup This setup can be changed by running the configuration module through the F 32 key on yhe Control Panel The Control Panel displays a number of parameters thatcan be changed by value stepping keys when the desired parameter is activated highlighted by the arrow keys Value stepping keys are Increment Decrement Factor Insert Delete 0 1 PgUp PgDn 1 lt Ctrl PgUp gt Ctri PgDn 10 A brief help about the operating keys is avalable by lt F1 gt key When all data are set to the desired values press the enter key to proceed to the MENU MENU displays a list of modes you can run with the setup entered at the Control Panel To make hardcopies of the graphics on a printer press the P key This will dump the screen contentto the connected printer A Form Feed after each page and character set can be select by the lt F3 gt key 20J UN 2005 GEN 9 AXIS 110 User s Guide 5 8 Structure of the AXIS110 The AXIS110 consists of different modules
54. the error source and error parameters F6 E xcel Enable to save results to the E xcel readable file F10 Menu Return to main menu CR Continue Runthe fixed position calculation 20 OCT 1997 FIX 3 AX1S110 User s Guide 3 The Data Entry The data is entered by Function key command allowing you enter all numeric data needed for fixed position computation The present value of the data is shown between angle brackets If you accept the shown value just press lt Enter gt to go on to the next data entry Otherwise enter the new value and press lt Enter gt The Data Entry can be divided into four phases 1 Position of the points 2 Error source and type 3 Error range 4 Graphic display scale 3 1 Position of the point s First step of the data entry is made by lt F2 gt key to enter the position of the fixed points If only one pointis selected by N toggle the entry includes only one point lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 lt Time gt Fixed Position Elevation angle 23 lt 3 gt Threshold Dist lt 3807 Point No 1 Far Field Forvards lt m gt lt 180888 Azimuth Angle lt CF2 gt Dist lt gt Height lt 385 33 gt 385 33 gt Point No 2 Near Field Forvards Cm gt lt 188 Dist from Course Line XF25fingl lt 8 Height lt 25 5 4 88 Fig FIX301 Position of points Data entry screen for fixed points where p
55. to ILS point D widening linearly out to 10uA at point E This will be the total in a bend budget consisting of the geometric sum of the static bends from fixed installa tions and the dynamic bends from moving objects For moving objects moving at random one should not allow more than 4uA bends for the next aircraft for landing This is based on the need to establish a lower limit for unknown and less controlled disturbances than Annex 10 allows as maximum This software has set 4uA as a default value for all categories but this can be changed directly by using the F4 key and entering the wanted value For searching for the limits og the first signs of disturbances one often uses a limit of 2 The AXIS 110 will simulate the tailfin of a moving aircraft or any other metallic construction move it around and optionally rotate it to find the worst case orien tation in producing the greatest bend amplitude along the selected receiver flight path or fixed location We have divided this computation into a fixed position and four moving paths of different lengths The term Track Rx Pt C is therefore rather a simulation of a far field monitor than a flying aircraft For actually simulating the distur bances measured by the next aircraft operating in Low Visibility P rocedures LVP the Track Rx should be setto A B This is the approach segment be tween the Outer and Middle markers also referred to as Zone 2 in Annex 10 ICAO specifies mini
56. 0 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1997 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 2005 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUL 2001 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 Page A1 5 A1 6 A1 7 A1 8 A2 i A2 ii A2 2 A2 3 A2 5 A2 6 A2 7 A2 9 A2 10 A2 11 A2 12 A2 13 A2 14 A2 15 A2 16 A3 i A3 ii A3 1 A3 2 A3 3 A3 4 A3 5 A3 6 A4 i A4 ii A4 1 A4 2 Date 20 OCT 1993 20 JUN 2005 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1993 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 Page Date 20 SEP 2006 AXIS 110 User s Guide GEN General Table of Content TITEL etat bv indi 1 PA B e PEE 2 SAIS UOT AO S ciant ro re
57. 13 95 180 0 12 9 90 6 84 90 0 15 66 0 0 0 00 0 0 6 16 180 0 13 12 10 3 26 90 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 180 0 If separate clearance antennas are utilized continue the list of antennas so that the distances from the center line and the feeds are completely independent as in this example 14 1 50 0 00 0 0 100 00 0 0 12 50 90 0 40 00 180 0 15 0 00 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 160 00 0 0 16 1 50 0 00 0 0 100 00 0 0 12 50 90 0 40 00 180 0 n this case the number of antennas in line 3 must be changed from 13 to 16 AXIS will only load the number of antennas which is listed in this line 20 UN 2005 A2 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide 7 The file AL12 UK The text file AL12 UK has a certain format which is important to observe when translating into another language Comments are written in this documentin Italics and do notappear in the file itself but are shown for guidance The file consists of a number of sections each headed by a text line between square brackets These serve as identifiers for the software and must not be translated or modified The following items are some important rules 1 The line order must not be changed within each section but the sec tions themselves headed by a square brackettext may appear any where in the file 2 Thecontent of the Square Brackets must not be changed as itserves as identifiers to the software 3 Some textlines are divided into several text label parts and each label word mustalwa
58. 2 SALT WATER 3 FRESH WATER 4 SOAKED SOIL 5 MOIST EARTH 6 WET SAND 7 DRY EARTH 8 DRY SAND 9 CONCRETE 20 UN 2005 A2 3 AX1IS110 User s Guide 4 The file AL RUN The file AL 003 is the System SetUp file including all data thatis entered from Control Panel The structure of the file comprising of three to five parts beginning with the head line in square brackets Comments are written italics and do not appear in the file AXIS 110 R40 Software ID and Release number ILS system for Docum Site description max 21 characters 1 Image 2D 0 or 3D 1 model 0 Expand 20 0 or 40 1 channels 110 30 Freq 0 0000 Fsl 0 0000 Ssl 4 Rpl Antenna System NM3524 12el Dual 12 Number of elements LL Course amp Clr element type 0 Ant included in the SBO Att 3 3 5 4 00 Course sector 2 90 Course ant hgt 2 90 Clearance ant hgt El Dist SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP C SBOA C SBOP C CSBA C CSBP 1 11 22 4 90 90 0 11 70 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 2 9 18 8 10 90 0 23 40 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 3 7 14 12 50 90 0 46 50 0 0 0 00 0 0 20 00 180 0 4 5 10 13 20 90 0 69 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 10 00 180 0 5 3 06 10 10 90 0 88 10 0 0 7 00 90 0 50 00 180 0 6 1 02 3 80 90 0 100 00 0 0 18 00 90 0 100 00 0 0 7 1 02 3 80 90 0 100 00 0 0 18 00 90 0 100 00 0 0 8 3 06 10 10 90 0 88 10 0 0 7 00 90 0 50 00 180 0 9 5 10 13 20 90 0 69 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 10 00 180 0 10 7 14 12 50 90 0 46 50 0 0 0 00 0 0 20 00 180 0 11 9 1
59. 2 Data of Error 2 Data of error determines the error source the error type and the error range as well as the size of the error step increment These values can be entered by lt F5 gt Errorcommand Antenna Number Antenna element ParameterNo Error source parameter MIN Error Error start value MAX Error Error stop value Incr Step Error step Scale Center Graph display center FullScale Graph display full scale Description Textline displayed on graph diagram FIX 2 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode 2 3 Toggles 3 The toggles consists of the set of fixed value parameters settings thatcan be changed by toggling the key allocated to the toggle letter inside the brackets A mplitude S election between percent 96 and decibel dB D isplay Selection the output form between graph and table E rase Selection between old and new computing result I ncr x Factor for step value to be used to increase the computing resolution N Points Selection the number of points between one or two P arameter S electthe displayed parameter C rs Clr Selection between Course and Clearance signals 2 4 Commands 4 The commands are executed by Function keys and are effecting the program execution or allow to enter some numeric data directly F2 Change Change the position data of the point s F 3 Text Enter a text line to be displayed on the graph diagram FA FSD Change the Y scale Full Scale Deflection F5 Errors Change
60. 3 2 LDESC DUO I acs tates cet oe E O lus as deed ee oe 3 2 2 Basic Data ENY o sse a 4 2 3 Data ACCORD 5 2d ATray NATIO s 6 2 5 Array SavitiQi cms a REL 7 2 5 1 List Array feeds rv titi oe sad 7 2 5 2 Save the Antenna Array 37 7 2 5 3 Back to the Control Panel CR 7 20DEC 1993 UTL i 5110 User s Guide UTL ii 20 DEC 1993 Utilities 1 Brief description of the utilities This section includes description of the utilities which is called by lt F4 gt in the Control Panel An opening screen is a menu showing the utilities available lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 688 lt Time gt Select utility 2 Antenna System Designer Fig UTL101 The menu ofthe utilities Selection is made by function keys shown in the screen If any other keys are pressed you will return to the Control Panel F2 Antenna Array Designer This utility is for fast LLZ antenna design 20 DEC 1993 UTL 1 AX1IS110 User s Guide UTL 2 20 DEC 1993 Utilities 2 Antenna Array Designer 2 1 Description The Antenna Array Designer is an utility submodule of the AXIS110 that helps you to design a new antenna array The AADesigner utility is an automatic process allowing fast design of an anten na array The array design can be made with either user defined feeds or compu
61. 3 4 Manual sedri ia a tate ota tet Sean eno a nein DG 4 4 1 Purpose and S cODe ed RR ERR REV Ue a ARR RU PRAES 4 4 2 OrnganizatiODs sio M pv dead Rae A REMO 4 4 3 How to use this manual 5 cod oua OR YID OO SU a aga 5 d dL angidge s it eaaa do ovd MA TM 5 45 Conventions ar ved o raten ms 5 5 Getting Started eto ten 7 5 1 System Requirements cortar teet rri ea teca deed En Pepe tt 7 5 2 ina id ed GR Da EN nina turin td s 7 5 3 Program disKelte a sou oo E UR EU o du CR is d 7 5 4 NeGWT CALULGS c REESE REN 7 5 5 Installing AXIS T EO rasire n ate Re dy 8 5 51 Making BackUbs o nii a aa 8 5 5 2 seh to ve ten dul bucina Dd 8 5 6 Starting the AXIS 110 first time rara 9 5 7 Running the AXISTIQ vere aane uper n 9 5 8 Structure of the AXIS ITO 10 59 Main E ACEA dedu 10 PU T 12 Earlier releases MAR RAM DLE 12 oe Rd oH anat CERO CH 12 T System C onfigUriN uid da ct YS CY 13 7A DiSplay Serec eT 13 1 2 Printer DTIVOES ci vio aaa 13 7 3 13 7 4 Startup ATQUITIGIIES rh Paredes 14 20 UN 2005 GEN i AX1IS110 User s Guide GEN ii 20 UN 2005 General 1 Introduction The AXIS 110 is an efficient tool fora practi
62. 3 94 Cale ODIO oii rh haer ee err es ocn c ea SR ecu 7 fe 8 8 8 PLOW ASCs 8 ek 8 4 5 NEPOTES 8 4 6 P arameter cuu e aus et ait ca ites 8 9 S Commands 10 TAEZJGIanga i a Ob n OU UEM 10 enter NP E 10 os 10 4 F5 Errors du MD a e E 10 DOVE MCG s idee eee a ubicar qu tcd n a es 10 6 F10 Menu aust tanec edt uua Fiet iue Sud da 10 PESO UD sida Eo 10 20 1997 FIX i AXIS110 User s Guide aea 11 T crapic DIS 12 7 1 Ctaphic DIOE BT dees 12 Z2 FUDICHOFIS een 19 7 2 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector 13 7 2 2 Display Inverter 2 2 ode er Dre ieee 13 TAS PANOU S ccce ee Ce pto e more qa cM reeset tenet 13 7 2 4 Graph Saver Mn 13 FIX ii 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode 1 Description The Fixed Position mode simulates the signals in one or two position while a feed parameter is varied between selected limits This will demostrate how susceptible the course line and the course sectors will be to errors in the differ entantenna elements or signal components This
63. 303 The Sideways Slope The SSL is positive if sloping upwards towards the FLY LEFT side of the run way The lt Alt S gt key toggles between degrees or percent slope XMM The slope settings are only for checking the impact on the far field radiation diagrams and will not behave correctly if there are scattering objects present since the model only changes the position of the image antennas There is no limit of the size of the models reflection plane If scattering objects are present in the model the Forward and Sideways slopes will be de activated AXIS 110 ONANCO CPN 8 10 OCT 1996 Software Control Panel 3 2 5 Threshold Distance THR Dist m The theoretical distance between the localiser array and the landing threshold LLZ array THR THR distance Fig CPN304 The Threshold Distance Changes will yield a corresponding change in the course sector data field C Sector and the SBO attenuation 3 2 6 Reflection Plane Refl Pln The type of ground in the reflection plane This parameter has an impact on the reflection factor of the ground plane and depends on the incident angle of the signal The selection of the ground plane are PERFECT SALT WATER FRESH WATER SOAKED SOIL MOIST EARTH WET SAND DRY EARTH DRY SAND CONCRETE AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 1993 CPN 9 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 3 Course Transmitter Data 333 3 9 3 3 3 3 Transmitter data f
64. 5 0 0 H 385 33m 100 00m 5 0 0 H 2 00m XIS 110 FSD SOpA Ctr OVA Corr 0 999 2701 1 078 FLY RIGHT 10 20 30 40 5060 70 80 90 FLY LEFT 90 Error Phase Antenna Number 6 90 F10B amp U F2 Invert F3 Print F4 Save Fig FIX701 The typical graphic diagram of the fixed position mode for the antenna element phase error FIX 12 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode 7 2 Functions The functions of the graph display are F1 B amp W Black amp W hite to Colour Selector F2 Invert Invertthe display colours for cut amp paste purposes F3 Print Print the curve to a printer F4 Save Save a B amp W graph for later play back 7 2 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector F1 B amp W This function is used to toggle the graph between colour and black amp white The F 1 key will turn the graph into black background and white lines Repeating the 12 6 will restore the color display 7 2 2 Display Inverter F2 Invert This function will invert the display colours It also operates in colour display changing the colours to their complementary ones 7 2 3 Printout F3 Print This function allows the feed parameters and the graph to be printed out for documentation purposes Make sure that correct printer driver Grafplus or Gra flasr is loaded before starting the AXIS 110 otherwise no graph will be printed only the text Normally this is done
65. 8 8 10 90 0 23 40 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 12 11 22 4 90 90 0 11 70 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 Error Parameters El Ampl Phase AZTurn Height FwdDist 1 100 00 2 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 2 104 00 3 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 3 100 00 3 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 A2 4 20J UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 HU 9 10 11 12 103 00 3 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 102 00 3 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 100 00 1 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 96 00 4 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 104 00 3 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 97 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 100 00 1 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 98 00 4 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 102 00 1 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 Attenuator x10 amp Phaser Settings SBOA SBOP CSBOA CSBOP CCSBA MSYNC ADUATT 90 150 MEMCS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 NORM 4 00 Scatters Type Fwd Sdw Lgt Hgt d Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Rf1 S 1000m 300m 100 0m 25 000m 0 0m 0 0g 0 0g 0 50 W 4000m 300m 1000 0m 0 010m 50 0m 45 0g 4wire 1 00 Antenna elementcode Isotropic omnidirectional radiator H A half wave dipole withoutreflector D A half wave dipole with reflector L Logperiodic antenna element LPDA E End Fire element Travelling wave type T Thomson CSF frame antenna with reflector V V Dipole used for clearance arrays 20J UN 2005 A2 5 AX1IS110 User s Guide 5 The file AL 009 The file AL 009 contains the codes for graphic screen colors Note that the curves are drawn in preset colors so be careful about the background color by using only numbers between 0 and 8 Use an text editor to mak
66. 9 6 54 6 12 2 297 6 2 8 211 7 119 2 52 2 11 6 3801 6 2 7 289 9 129 4 49 8 11 8 385 5 2 5 288 29 140 2 47 4 10 4 309 2 2 4 2806 6 151 7 44 9 9 7 312 7 2 2 285 19 163 9 42 3 9 1 316 0 2 1 283 79 176 6 39 8 8 4 319 1 1 9 282 49 189 8 37 2 7 7 322 8 1 8 28 45 202 9 34 7 7 0 324 6 1 6 208 550 215 4 32 2 6 2 326 9 1 5 199 8 225 9 29 8 5 5 328 9 1 3 199 5 232 6 27 6 4 8 338 6 1 1 199 69 232 4 25 5 4 8 332 1 1 6 2808 5 221 2 23 6 3 2 333 2 8 8 282 49 194 7 22 1 2 5 334 8 8 6 206 15 149 7 21 8 1 7 return lt S N 000 gt lt Time gt C Phase 183 49 184 29 1806 19 The typical screen for table display results of the Fixed Position mode in case ofthe antenna element phase error 20 OCT 1997 FIX 11 AX1IS110 User s Guide 7 Graphic Display When the Display toggle is selected as a GRAF the computed results will be showed as a graphic diagram 7 1 Graphic Diagram The graphic diagram includes all information thatis setin data panel The second row of the screen shows the location s of the fixed position s where curve no 1 shown in white and no 2 in yellow F forward position S sideways position and H height NOTE Ifanother language is used the three letters above will automatically changed to the correspondance letters Additionally on the bottom row there are four functions available enabling to han dle the graph result Fixed Position ILS system for Docum CDI F 10000 00m
67. AXISIIO ILS Localiser Simulator User s Manual Release 42 20 FEB 2010 NANCO Software Nordic Air Navigation Consulting AXIS 110 User s Manual Software License Notice This manual and software are copyrighted by Nanco Software with all rights reserved This manual or software may not be copied in whole or part without written consent of Nanco Software except in the normal use of the software or to make a backup copy of the software Warranty Nanco Software warrants the physical discette and documentation to be free of defects in workmanship for a period of 60 days from the date of purchase In the event of a defect in material or workmanship during the warranty period Nanco Software will replace the defective discette or documentation when defective product is returned to Nanco Software by the owner The remedy for this breach of warranty is limited to replacement only and shall not cover any other damages Liability Nanco software can take NO responsibility for any damage or losses that can be traced back to the use of AXIS ILS SIMULATOR SOFTWARE In order to get the optimum result from this software the user should have a good knowl edge of ILS theory and have proper experience in practical work with ILS equipment to use the computed results with caution In some cases where the simulated results from predicting signal quality due to scattering objects are in the same magnitude as the allowed tolerances addit
68. CHOEOM votes votes fn ef 1 n d dau da ra MR a Cr bp MR Mad tua Va ide aa M het 2 3d erecHol se vi E 3 4 The scattering oD eets cordi ris Ne 4 4 1 The RectangularS heet ssseee 4 4 2 The Wire SCOTI ear 4 4 3 Scattering models esed de hb 4 2 3 LRE ecto Mx Pa epe Eu 4 4 32 DIMEQEHBOFN ac Dea Poi S 4 4 3 35 hadoWIFIQ oic oua noie vid o PR A o a d 5 Bel WE low passTIEGE a oae aede Ld vota dd vd da Deva iae dia eaae baec EY Ed vo EYE TS 6 20 UN 2005 Al i AX1IS110 User s Guide A 1 ii 20 UN 2005 Appendix 1 Localiser Model 1 Description The AXIS 110 Software is a mathematical model of a localiser consisting of a localiser antenna system a reflection plane optional scattering sheets and a receiver lowpass filtering Changes in any of these three parts can be done and the software will simulate the signals at given points in the three dimensional space around the model computing the CDI Course Deviation Indicator in uA or DDM amplitude in or dB phase bend origin lines ground current levels sensitive areas and print out either a table or display a graph Itshould be noted that no mathematical model can fully simulate a real situation A model is always compromise between accuracy amount of input data and calcu
69. DM values in azimuth direction with the cursor by using arrow keys lt Left Right gt Shows the SBO and the CSB curves together Shows the CSB curve Shows the SBO curve Shows Beam Bend Potential with 100 as full scale 2 SBO Shows magnified Beam Bend Potential with 10 as full scale 20 SBO Phase curves show the SBO CSB phase relationship along the orbit Normally the curve is not continuous but makes a number of 180 of jumps Note Ampl CSB and SBO parameters will also show clearance curves for dual frequency systems 4 6 M ultiple Selects the output between single or multi range orbit If more than one curve was selected in the previous calculation make the next calculation multiple by the lt M gt key Otherwise only one curve will be computed Use the lt F3 gt key first time a multiple curve diagram shall be computed F2 YES NO 4 7 R eceive There is only one range entered Multi range orbits will be displayed Only one orbit is seen Note If many range are loaded the first radius will be seen r Selects the type of receiver in the CDI DDM processing Some modern receivers will divide the received DDM with the MOD SUM SDM in order to compensate if the ILS modulator on ground changes its SDM This algorithm may yield low DDMs in some portions of the azimuth coverage Theoretic Perfect DDM is computed directly from SBO and CSB Values may approach infinite Ideal receiver DDM is limited t
70. Display Inverter F2 Invert This function will invert the display It also operates in colour display changing the colours to their complementary ones 3 Printout F3 Print This function allows the feed parameters and the graph to be printed out for docu mentation purposes Make sure that correct printer driver Grafplus or Graflasr is loaded before starting the AXIS110 otherwise no graph will be printed only the text Normally this is done by the AL BAT file 4 Graph Saver F4 Save The save function is used to save the graphic screen to the disk on the SCREEN directory The names ofthe files will be generated automatically and the first save is named as AXLO BAS second AXL1 BAS third AXL2 BAS and so on The saving format is the basic language BSAVE BLOAD mode enabling the fastest Load and play back in AXIS110 NOTE This function is enabled only when the screen is selected as black amp white 5 Scattering Object Editor F8 Scatter This function allows you modify the objects After editing the program will return to the current mode ready for a new computation Detailed description of this utility is given in the SCA section 6 Curve Tracer lt Values gt This function is used to show the exact value along the curves The point on the curve is shown with a small square cursor and can be moved by using the lt Left gt or lt Right gt arrow keys while the value of the selected parameter and the distance w
71. Dist Refl Pln SBOAmpl SBO PhaseA DU Att AntEImtA ntH gts CLRSBOA CLR SBOPCLR CSBA AntEImtA nt Hgts DistC L FwdDistHeight AZ Turn Ampl Phase SBO Ampl SBO PhaseCSB A mpl CSB PhaseON Theoretic Perfect Fl HelpF2 DOS F3 Setup F 4 U til F5 N ew F 6 L ast F 7 FileF8 Scatt F 9 A nt F 10 End Jan FebrM ar A pr M ay une ulyA ug SeptO ct N ov D ec A reY ouSure Y N PERFECT SALTWATER FRESHWATER SOAKED SOIL MOIST EARTH WET SAND A2 RY SAND CONCRETE 20 UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 ISOTROPIC 1 2L DIPOLE DIPOLE W R LOG PERIOD CAN MARCONI ThCSF FRAME V DIPOLE ELEMENT NO YES M enues M ENU Select M ode by Number or A rrow keys Playback Screen files View V LOC files OrbitCross Over V ertical trace A pproach on course FixedPosition Ground Current BendA nalysis SensitiveA rea CurrentM ODE TheCourse Sector has been changed sincelast run Antennasystem Scatterers RX response PrintFF ActiveSHOW Dir D escription Enter new T ext H ardC opy of Results y or CR Scalecenter offset Scale Center Fullscale f F2 Change F 3 T ext F5 Errors F10 M enu CR gt Continue Individual antennaheights adjusted scatter computation uncalibrated hitany key F1 B amp W F2 Invert F 3 Print F4 Save F8 Scatter V alues lt SPACE gt CLR points loaded F 10 to break Carrier FLY RIGHT FLY LEFT Random setuptolerances Toggles E rase D ata for new run RWY SCATT DI
72. Guide 5 The low pass filter The receiver and or plotter has a certain upper frequency limit for outputting fast scalloping The frequency where the amplitude of the bends has dropped 3dB will be the cutoff frequency This will be expressed in radians per second 2nf rad s mod 501 The software has a digital low pass filter to simulate this and the default value is setto 5 rad s as a measured average of available plotters Modern plotters might have up to 15 rad s so itis recommended that the user adjust this value accord ing to the actual equipment Use the F 3 key in the Control Panel to change the defaultsetup Ifthe receiver plotter outputspecifies a certain Time Constant t the conversion to rad s will be as mp mod 502 ICAO Annex10 Volume attachment C recommends a time constant of 50 V seconds where the ground velocity in kts og 92 6 V seconds where V is the velocoty in km per hour For 105 kts this will be 0 48 s corresponding to approximately 2 rad s response in the receiver Forstatic measurements where the receiver speed is setto Okts the receiver response setting has no effecton the output Forground measurements the vehicle normally drives along the runway centerline at60km h which corresponds to 32kts corresponding to 0 64 rad s For aircraft simulations the speed may be setin the range of 90 150kts For conservative results with less filtering use the speed ofthe slowestaircraftoper ating
73. SB illumination towards reflection object or dicontinuities in the reflecting plane is suppressed in order to reduce the occuring bends created by the reflect ing signals ORB Orbit mode section of this manual P PLY RePlay the Screens section of this manual PHI Phase PHX Pos Position Reflection plane R efl P In AXIS330 NANCO AX3 4 20 AUG 1994 Software Appendix 3 RPL RF RFL Rot r s RT RTC RTS RWY RX SBOA SBOP SCA SDM SDW SET Sense SIDEBAND REF SNS Reflection PLane Radio frequency Reflection Object or reflection factor Rotation Radians per Second Runway Receiver SideBands Only The 90 Hz and 150 Hz modulated in opposite AF phases Amplitude and phase defined as the 150 Hz sideband sum vector relative to the carrier part in the CSB reference signal S BO Amplitude SBO Phase Scattering Object Editor of this manual Sum of Depth of modulation defined as m150 4 m90 A deviation of 387uA or a DDM at 40 is the maximum Any value above this correspond to increased SDM while DDM will remain atthe maximum value Sideway SetUp section of this manual Two antennas GP type where Sensitive Area Mode SSL Sideways Slope Step Hgt TABL Table result of the analysis TaxiW Taxiway Tilt Vertical Angle of the scattering object THEO Theodolite THR Threshold TX Transmitter uA Micro Ampere AX1S330 NANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 AX3 5 AXIS 330 User s Manual V VRT Vertical Trace
74. SBO signal error are amplitude and phase Fig FIX303 Data Entry Screen for S BO error parameters Enter 1 one for the amplitude and 2 two for the phase lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 Tine Item No to be changed SBO Error lt 0 Antenna Number 1 12 gt Item No to be changed lt 12 gt lt 6 SBO SBO Phase CSB mpl CSB Phase AO Whe Parameter No 1 625 1 3 2 2 2 Antenna Element Error In case of Antenna ElementError there are six error parameters available Fig FIX304 Data entry screen for antenna elementerror Enter a number from 1 to 6 according to the error type FIX 6 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode NOTE Selection 5 amplitude and 6 phase will be changed both SBO and CSB signal 3 3 Error range lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 lt Time gt Fixed Position MIN Error CdB gt lt 18 MAX Error CdB gt lt 18 Incr Step CdB gt lt 12 Graph Scale Centerline lt gt Third step of the numeric data entry is the error range selection that includes the entry for max and min error as well as the error increment step Fig FIX 305 Data entry forthe error range NOTE For amplitude errors enter the error in deciBel s For phase errors enter the error in degrees 3 3 1 Start Value of the Error MIN Error dB lt 10 The MIN error is the start value of the error simulat
75. ST OK DATA TABL GRAPH 3D in Quadrature SBO CSB COU CLR bbp BBP Ampl Phase SDM Currentfilename DATA XL CR orenter new Offset all sheets Forwards Sideways Upwards Userhandling THISVERSION NEEDSA NEW INSTALLATION DISK 20 UN 2005 A2 9 AX1IS110 User s Guide NotLicensed for N etW ork use StartitintheA X IS directory TheSoftW arehas detected a changesinceregistration Pleasere enter the user codeto enableusage Contactsupplierfor Registration Code Enter U ser Code Incorrect PassW ord ACCESSDENIED ContactN etwork M anager Error messages TheSoftwareisnotinstalled properly Usetheinstallation Diskette fileismissing Sorry notenough memory availableforthis PrinterisnotC onnected to the Computer filehaswrong format FileDirectory notF ound A fatal error has occurred If necessary reportthefollowing information alongwith adescription of how ithappened ProgramName Program Date ErrorNumber ErrorLocation FileR eference Hitany key Restartthe program F6 key recalls data fileisnotfound onDisk HotA Ant Dist SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP Hitany key to continue F3 Print F 4 Print amp Formfeed Computed on Printer NOT connected or turned on RF Frq CS Fsl Ssl Thr Ground 90 150 CLR Quadr 30H zsynch Course Clirnce HgtSBO CSB ADU Scatter object on test tail Lgt Hg
76. The number of available modules are depending on your access level coded into the user number When the software is started it begins with the control panel CPN showing the default settings The control panel is used for setting all system and site data When this is done you can proceed to the next step module by the Enter key or go backwards with the F 10 key Control Panel CPN Playback PLY Orbit ORB Vertical Trace VRT Approach APP Fixed Position FIX Ground Current GND Bend Analysis BND Sensitive Area SNS Fig GEN501 The Main Modules of the AXIS110 Utilities UTL GEN 10 20 UN 2005 General 5 9 Main steps The usage must follow these main steps 1 Select if necessary the antenna array to be used in your simulation by the F9 key 2 Setall the DATA on the upper part of the Control Panel by using the arrow keys and value stepping keys 3 Enter reflection objects if desired using the F8 4 Enterantenna element errors if desired on the lower part of the Control Panel 5 Press enter to proceed to the Main Menu 6 Select one of the Menu Items by the Up Dn arrow keys and lt en ter The screen will show the default values ofthe selected analysing mode 7 fany data value should be changed press R key to re enter and continue to answer all questions in two ways Press enter if the shown value default value is accepted Enter value from
77. Tilt the tilt angle of the sheet R efl the reflection factor of the sheet 2 3 Toggles 3 There are seven toggles in the sensitive area mode allowing you to change the setting of the parameters effecting the graph computation A dd selection for what items are added into the graph display T rack Rx selection of receiver location or track path E rase old computed sensitive area data erasing O rientation the sensitive area border type border can be a continuous line or show the sheet orientation S catter selection of scattering sheets W orst Case the sheet rotation step for finding the worst case Y axis scan sideways scanning mode selection 20JUL 2001 SNS 3 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 4 Commands There are nine command in the Data Panel allowing the data entry or control the program execution Sensitive Area F8 gt Length Hgt Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Refl 16 6m 16 6m 6 4m 85 851 808 End amp inc Width Y inc CUdiew CT gt rack Rx CE gt rase O gt rientation gt catter CWorst Case CYaxis scan I learance 4PdJElevation angle 3 080 Threshold distance 3007m Receiver speed i Static bends Fig SNS202 Commands in the data panel of the Sensitive Area mode F8 Sheet Data entry for the scattering object 1 Scan area Data entry for the scanning area 2 Display Data entry for the runway and the taxiway 3 RX position Data entry for receiver position or track F2 Change Data entry for other nu
78. ame background colour 4 2 Colour Codes Colour selection is depending the video adapter of your computer For standard colour graphic adapters include the following colours choices Fore and BackGround ForeGround only code colour code colour O0 Black 8 Gray 1 Blue 9 Lightblue 2 Green 10 Lightgreen 3 Cyan 11 Lightcyan 4 Red 12 Light red 5 Magenta 18 Lightmagenta 6 Brown 14 Yellow 7 White 15 Highintensity white 200CT 1995 SET 7 AXIS110 User s Guide 5 Commands When the settings are completed in Data Panel or you like to only delete the User s Code you will proceed by lt enter gt key to this screen including four com mands F2 Language change F3 Save settings as the default setup F4 Rename Work Graph Directories F5 Delete the User Code F6 Save current Run Togglesettings F7 Delete Run Toggle settings CR No Change AXIE 11B ILE LOCHLIEER SIMSLHTOE change F 3 SAWE this xi the Default aetwp lt P gt the YorkrGraph direscteries PS Delete the User Code CPG Saws currant Aun Toggle zmttimgz CP2 De Fault RunsToggle settings CCE Change Fig SET501 The Commands of the SetUp utility 5 1 Change Language F2 F2 Language change GB The language selection is based to the language files AL10 nn AL11 nn and AL12 nnn Wherethe nnn extension represents the country code For example gb Great Britain nz Norway s Sweden etc Purpose o
79. ate gt AXIS 11 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 lt Time gt lt CR gt to select antenna system M3524 12e1 Dual lt Esc gt to cancel MD12 ASY NMD24 ASY NMS 6 ASY 512 ASY HLD2 ASY PLD12 ASY PLD24 ASY TCD13 ASY CD25 ASY CAND35 ASY WKD14 ASY WKSG8 ASY MRS14 ASY TCS13 ASY CANSO ASY CANS11 ASY CANS16 ASY CANS26 ASY 84262912 Bytes free Fig CPN404 Typical Antenna Array Selection Screen This key will display all the antenna systems ASY available on the AXIS directory The cursor appears on the first file and on top of the screen is shown a 21 character string describing the antenna system Use the arrow keys to highlight a wanted array and press CR This will load the selected system as a new array for your simulator Press Esc to return to the Control Panel without loading any system Note The new array does not contain any Site Data except the Course sector and the corresponding THR distance So check these values in case you are comparing different antenna systems A warning is given to the user if the course sector has been changed on the Con trol Panel since last run AXIS 110 Software CPN 20 20 AUG 1994 Control Panel 4 10 F10 End The F10 key will terminate the AXIS 110 program Before terminating you are warning and prompting Are you sure Y N Pressing the Y key the program will exit Any other key will return to the Con trol Panel If another lan
80. ating if the Form Feed Character is sent to the printer after each page If graflasr printer driver is used in the AL BAT file a Form Feed will automatically be sent and this field should be set to NO otherwise a blank page will be printed Out SET 4 20 OCT 1995 SetUp 3 3 2 Screen Type The following screen type choices are available SCREEN TYPE 0 This type does not allow the graph display TEXT MODE WARNING Fatal error will be a result when a graph diagram is started 3 3 3 Receiver Filter RX Filter The receiver plotter has a certain time constant that determine the upper frequen cy limit for outputting fast scalloping The frequency where amplitude of the bends has decreased 3dB is called the cutoff frequency This will be expressed in radians per second rad s The AXIS110 simulates a digital low pass filter and the value of the cutoff fre quency will be effected to the bend amplitudes of the analysing modes In static analysing modes like Fixed Point and Ground Current where the receiver speed is zero the filter value has no effect ICAO Annex 10 attachment C recommends a time constant depending on the speed More information about the filter is given in appendix A1 chapter 5 20 OCT 2005 SET 5 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 3 4 Character Set Prt Chrs There are two character set available for the printer Normally the international ASCII code is used but most laser printer use the Roman 8 character
81. ay Theo FWD position Am Sideways offset m lt Qraph dir Track Azimuth 90 0809 lt 0 Bu gt SPI Track Start Dist 11667m lt 5 9NM LD Track End Dist im CX gt Scale O gt rigin Xsc Increment Step 56m Poarameter Receiver speed 16Skts CS gt ense Receiver filter 2 G rad s lt 2 1 105 CUdiew CNDormalize an SAA cale Center ull scale 5 escription nart moaandan NRF Fig APP301 The screen for approach data entry 3 1 Approach Elevation Angle Elevation Angle 3 The default value is 3 degrees The run follows the Glide path angle down until 4m above the runway passing the threshold at 15m and from there maintains a constant height of 4m along the runway towards the antenna system 3 2 Threshold Distance Threshold Distance m 30062 Enter the actual distance from the localiser antennas to the threshold The preset value is the theoretical value based on the course sector width NOTE _ Ifflying out on the backbeam the height will always be 4 m or the height selected in 3 4 3 3 Threshold Crossing Height Thr crossing hgt m lt 15 gt Enter the desired crossing height of the downward extended glide path This height is normally 15m 3 4 Runway height Runway height m lt 4 gt Enter the desired height above the runway on the horisontal portion of the flight path after passing the threshold This height is set to 4m as default but can be set to any valu
82. between dB and 96 Alt C clearance transmitter ON OFF lt Alt C gt is a toggle switching clearance transmitter ON and OFF 20 OCT 1995 CPN 23 AXIS 110 User s Manual lt Alt D gt toggles displays between uA and lt Alt E gt toggles between ILS 20 and 40 frequency channels lt AltG gt Enter MOD BALANCE and MOD DEPTH Enter MOD BAL in uA or 96DDM for the course transmitter or MOD DEPTH for 90 and 150Hz separately for the clearance transmitter lt Alt M gt toggle between meters and feet lt Alt P gt Enabling setting of an antenna spacing factor x Enables entry of a value x for changing the lateral spacing between the anten na elements 1 is default while 2 doubles the spacing and hence the aperture lt Alt Q gt toggle for clearance 90 150 in Quadrature lt Alt Q gt toggles 30Hz synchronisation between course and clearance low fre quency in quadrature This makes the adverse impact of reflected clearance into the course signals far less lt Alt R gt Remove direct signal view scattered signal only This makes it possible to see and trace the scattered signal only so you can see where they propagate in the field lt Alt S gt toggle for slopes FSL amp SSL between and lt Alt T gt adds tolerances to the feeds Add random tolerances to all antenna elements This feature may simulate a practical installation where the feeds deviate from the ideal ones This is useful when examining the syst
83. by the AL BAT file 7 2 4 Graph Saver F4 Save This function is used to save the graphic screen to the disk on the SCREEN directory The names of the files will be generated automatically and the first save is named as AXLO BAS second AXL1 BAS third AXL2 BAS and 50 on The saving formatis the basic language BSAVE BLOAD mode enabling the fastest Load and play back in AXIS110 NOTE This function is enabled and displayed only when the screen is se lected as black amp white 20 OCT 1997 FIX 13 AX1IS110 User s Guide FIX 14 200CT 1997 AXIS 110 User s Guide BND Bend Analysis mode Table of Contents eat at as ee eect et i ect ec ea ZiAnalysing BIOCQSS EUR 2 4 3 1 Approach Elevation Angle ceo n nut oom oa awe 4 3 2 Distance to Threshold uii n pa b d ca ee a adul 4 3 3 Track Azimuth ANG Gs ii oda pnr EI RERO Eoo bote du du medias 4 3 4 Option s ele OTEs E da dy 4 3 5 Analyse Bends Option v i e or rete rat ee tede 5 3 5 1 Number of Bend 1 15 5 3 5 2 Distance to Bend Celters u oorr neenon 5 3 5 3 Bend Wavelengthr io st erc terit steep Perego 5 3 6 Make Bend Option shame dial dece dme fers Vase is dares 6 3 6 1 Positiohi oT O DGC ds 6 3 6 2 Distance s where bends are computed 6 BJ 7 ied
84. cal ILS localiser simulation The simulation is based ona three dimensional mathematical model of a localiser antenna system reflection plane and upto 16 scattering objects The signal propagation model uses physical optics for treating reflection objects which are rectangular sheets reflecting diffracting and shadowing the illuminated field Also horisontal wire stretches can be modeled Simulation experience on site models will increase confidence in predicting the performance of planned localisersystems A number of antenna systems from the most important manufacturers are includ ed and can be tested and compared on particular airport models 20 UN 2005 GEN 1 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 Usage areas The AXIS110 usage is mainly in these six areas VI S etting up guidance The Control Panel shows all physical and electrical settings together with readings from sample probes in the Antenna Distribution Unit ADU to guide in correct ground setup amp phasing in order to minimize flight inspection time atthe commissioning ofthe installation Prediction of signal quality The influence on the signal quality from the planned buildings or con structions on the airport area can be predicted by modelling the con structions Finding optimum antenna system Simulation of specific installations in a given airport model to compare the theoretical signal quality with the achieved FlightInspection re sults By adjusting the
85. ck Rx 166m 3566m 56m 566m 16m CO gt rientation Scatter CWorst Case CYaxis scan 3 gt RR position Fud Sdu Hgt IC learance 3293m Gn 36 6im 4ydJElevation angle 3 889 Threshold distance 3007m Receiver speed 165kts B Ouh tatic bends CF2 gt Change lt F3 gt Text lt F9 gt lt F1 Menu lt CR gt Continue CSHOWN gt D Fig SNS301 Data area for scattering object The default scattering sheet is 10m wide and 20m high based on ground level For aircraft tails the sheet should be lifted from the ground by setting the Btm Hgt to a greater than zero Simulating the building cranes can be setin a similar way The beam height will be approximately 1 2m the length could be 20 50m and the Btm Hgt 10 40m The horisontal rotation of the sheet can be setto a certain value butis not nec 20JUL 2001 SNS 5 AX1IS110 User s Guide essary if the Worst case toggle is used Note that a positive value rotates clockwise The tilt option is not much used in establishing the sensitive area The reflection factor option may be used if the object does not have a smooth metallic surface A metallic grid with mesh width smaller than 0 11 0 3m can also be consid ered to be a smooth reflecting surface For wider grid or uneven surfaces made of concrete or glass the reflection factor could be set to values between 0 5 0 95 3 2 Scan Area data 1 The scan area data entry is selected by the 1 k
86. creen files directory as SHOW Note If the directory does not exist it can be created by the F8 key 2 5 Go to DOS F6 To DOS Temporary access to DOS The AXIS 110 occupies about 300kB of RAM leav ing the remaining memory available for any other use Now you may copy screen files to other directories or diskette etc Type EXIT to return to AXIS AXIS 110 PLY 4 NANCO 20 AUG 1994 Software Playback Screen files 2 6 Make directory label F7 Description Any directory may have an optional label containing a 21 character description of the saved files This could be a specific airport name or anything that will remain the user of the content The label text can be changed anytime by using the F7 key and typing the new text This label will be deleted if all files are deleted by the F4 key 2 7 Make a new show directory F8 Make directory When a non existing directory name has been selected a warning will be shown Use the F8 key to create this directory If not created the directory name will automatically be set to SHOW 2 8 Exit lt CR gt Return Press lt Enter gt to return to the Main menu AXIS 110 NANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 PLY 5 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 Speed Control of the slide show While the slide show is running you can adjust the speed by using the or keys On the left hand side of the screen you can see Ssign which is as a simple speed gauge The h
87. curve 1 Increment step is as set Increment step is reduced by 2 double resolution Increment step is reduced by 4 quadruple resolution 4 4 5 P arameter Selects the displayed parameter like CDI Amplitudes CSB SBO Beam Bend Potential and Phase The simulator works normally in 2 dimensional mode where the antenna heights above ground are not taken into account When reflection objects are present the vertical radiation diagram is important and the simulator will automatically be set to 3 dimensional mode When showing amplitudes the levels are referred to the peak CSB level at the course line which is set to 100 in the 2D mode However in 3D mode the amplitude levels are depending on the height of the receiver due to the vertical lobing factor It is recommended to use the dB scale for amplitudes whenever in 3D mode CDI The CDI DDM diagram shows sectors course line linearity clearance and false courses Use the Left Right arrow keys to bring acursor along the curve In the upper left hand part of the AXIS 110 ORB 6 20 OCT 1997 Software Orbit Cross Over Mode CDI SDM Ampl CSB SBO bbp BBP PHA screen the current azimuth angle and the CDI DDM value for the cursor position are displayed In 2D mode the Beam Bend Potential BBP is also displayed in order to examine systems for sensitive areas CDI DDM and SDM curves together SDM will be 40 along the OCDI line Read S
88. d Analysis Mode 3 5 Analyse Bends Option Data entry for analyse bend option are the data of bend from the approach curve Firstly the number of bendpoints is entered Then the distance and the length of every bend are entered Number of Bend Points 6 max Point No 1 Distance to Bend Center Bend Wavelength Point No 2 Distance to Bend Center Bend Wavelength Fig BND302 Data entry for Analyse Bends Option 3 5 1 Number of Bend Points Number of Bend Points 6 max 3 Enter the number of bend points from a flight inspection approach curve to be entered The next two items will be repeated for each point 3 5 2 Distance to Bend Center Distance to Bend Center m 0 The distance from the antenna center to the midpoint of the selected bend point on the flight inspection curve 3 5 3 Bend Wavelength Bend Wavelength m 0 Measure only a fraction of the bend as their bendlength will vary even over one single bend wave length Usually a quarter of a bend wave length is picked on the graph Multiply the measured value by four to convert it to a full wave length for the entry 20 OCT 1993 BND 5 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 6 Make Bend Option Data entry for make bends option are entered as 1 the position info of the object and 2 distance s where the bends will be computed 3 6 1 Position of Object Position of object entries are the forward distance the sideways
89. d mechanical parameters of the current LLZ system SetUp A sub unitof the Control Panel for changing the default settings Utilities A sub unit of the Control Panel reserved for ILS tools Scattering objecteditor A module for entering and modifying up to 10 scattering objects Playback mode A module for displaying the saved screen as a slide show Orbit mode A module for simulating an orbit flight cross over Vertical Trace mode This module is used to show the vertical coverage and is notsupplied with the standard package Approach mode A module for simulating an approach flight Fixed Position mode This module is used to simulate the errors in one of the feed parame ters while measuring CDI in two fixed points Ground Current mode A module for visualising the ground currents induced on the reflection plane Bend Analysis mode A module for finding the source of reflections that produce bends on the LLZ signal GEN 4 20 UN 2005 General SNS Sensitive Area mode A module for definding the sensitive area of the airport where a given moving object will cause bends on the LLZ signals Appendices A1 Localiser Model The background information of the simulation model to be used in the AXIS 110 A2 Files and Directories Description of the directories structure and the content of the data files to be used in the AXIS 110 A3 Definitions and Abbreviations A list with a brief description of the commo
90. dd another similar object to the model After copying adjust the neces sary parameters such as forward and sideways distances and then Sort the objects F5 in the end SCA 8 20 SEPT 1994 Scattering Object Editor 3 2 3 F3 Delete Delete command is used to delete one object from the present object list Before executing this command move the cursor up or down to the row that will be delet ed Then hit the lt F3 gt key and the line will be deleted NOTE After deletion there is no fast way to restore the object 3 2 4 F4 Remove Remove command will remove ALL OBJECTS without WARNING 3 2 5 F5 Sort Sort command is used to put the present object list in the forward distance order NOTE Sorting is done automatically when entering the scattering object 3 2 6 CR CTRL Panel Pressing the Enter key it will terminate the editor and the AXIS 110 will return to the location where it was activated 20 SEPT 1994 SCA 9 AXIS110 User s Guide 4 Modeling a tailfin In order to model a tailfin a tapered one into a rectangular plate a few things should be concidered The incoming signal strength increases along the height of the tailfin due to the lobing of the horizontal polarized ILS signal The scattered field at the upper part of the tailfin will yield lower lobes than the rest of the fin radiating a stronger field in low elevation angles This creates a double effect where the received scattered fi
91. de from the cabinet relative to the standard setup file on disk Note CLR SBOA SBOP CSBA values might be changed for standard setup by using the Antenna Array Designer F4 See section UTL 3 4 4 Clearance Antenna Element Type Ant Elmt The Clearance antenna element type used in the selected array The element radiation diagrams are simulated with the theoretical diagram The available elements are the same as in the Course antennas see 3 3 4 3 4 5 Clearance Antenna Array Height Ant Hgts m The general height above the reflecting ground at the Clearance array center for antennas containing the course signal Note This is also valid if the clearance signal is present together with the course signal AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 1995 CPN 11 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 5 Antenna Element Data There are three data groups showing the physical and electrical data for each individual antenna element 1 Antenna Element 2 Course signals 3 Clearance signals 3 5 1 Antenna Element Number Ant No The number shows which antenna element is displayed in the lower part of screen The antenna elements are numbered from no 1 at the extreme element on the FLY LEFT side The highest number is the extreme element on the FLY RIGHT side Negative distance Positive distance Ck 59H i 2 C L n n Fig CPN305 The Antenna Element Numbering The number shows which antenna element is
92. dete ea 7 3 3 3 Taxiway Location eror poer 7 3 4 Receiver Position or Track 3 see 8 3 4 1 Catl Entry Receiver Location eeeeee 8 3 4 1 1 Forward DIS tan ee cosi eire dosi des ras It etus renege ve 8 3 4 1 2 Sideways Distance siia odi teintes 9 3 01 35 MIO tuse ED Verger 9 3 4 2 Catll and Ill Entry ReceiverTrack ees 9 3 0 2 1 Start DIStaTICQ donas sisi dri 9 334 2 2 S toD DISEIaTICO ono ai 9 3 5 F2 Basic da tel iaa ta rid apnd eap dia ea 10 3 5 1 Elevation Angle e ccce 10 3 5 2 Threshold dis IatlC Bre eise ere Disi iem rh b rete 10 3 5 3 Receiver S X D Ls 10 3 5 4 B ONS sess shea faa vad aa er b PM uia E edd did ede uada nie oa 11 3 5 0 1 Static BENAS So ieconsrai nenei cobro B eb auo civ wer vs 11 3 5 4 2 Limit of Dynamic Bends 5 5 ones 11 3 6 Textom DIAOF3ffi cuin erar 11 4 TOQdles leis 12 0 12 12 9656 12 13 20 UL 2001 SNS i AX1IS110 User s Guide A USC ECON odo sh aint dct eas ee 13 AiO WOES O anrasin a ndr Rr sap dads 13 DEAN ANS Scales dave dd vc prO o b na an HM CU eir 13 BCOMMANGS tae ree 14 5 1 F8 Scatte
93. devices connected to a single feeder cable Att Attenuation ASY File name extension for antenna array systems AZ Azimuth AX1 AX4 Appendices of this manual BAL Modulation balance The amplitude of both navigation modulation 90Hz and 150Hz are equal BBP Beam Bend Potential The maximum possible bend ampli tude along the course line if 10096 of the radiated SBO signal in a given azimuth angle is reflected into the course line BND Bend Analysis mode section of this manual Btm Hgt Bottom Height scattering object B amp W Black amp White AXIS 330 NANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 AX3 1 AXIS 330 User s Manual C Capture Ratio The ratio between the course and clearance carrier ampli tudes CAT Category C CSB Clearance CSB C DEV Clearance deviation CDI Course Deviation Indication The full scale of the cockpit indicator is 150uA representing 15 5 96 DDM CEGS Capture Effect Glide Slope CE Courseline Clearance The CSB and SBO signals that will cover the sectors outside the coverage of the course signal in dual frequen cy systems The clearance carrier frequency is normally spaced 8 kHz from the course carrier frequency Also used for CDI values greater than 150uA outside the course sector CLR Clearance Course The CSB and SBO signals that will radiate with maximum signal along the localiser course line in single and dual frequency systems Course line The locus of points to the runway centerline in an
94. distance Threshold Dist m 3006 The longitudinal landing threshold distance from the LLZ array NOTE Ifthe threshold distance is changed the receiver position track settings should be changed accordinly Setting a threshold distance less than 1200m will omit the taxiway on the graph 3 5 3 Receiver Speed Receiver speed kts 105 The objective for finding the sensitive area is to ensure acceptable signal quali ty for the aircrafts using the ILS during approach and landing The receiver speed should therefore be set to the lowest speed used for instrument rated aircrafts at the particular runway Default speed is set to Okts knots nautical miles h to simulate static meas urements SNS 10 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area Typical speed settings Ground test vehicle 60km h 32kts Do not mix up mph Aircraft from 90kts to 150kts NOTE Thereceiver plotter frequency response rad s can be set in the Control Panel by using the lt F3 gt key See SET section 3 5 4 Bends The bends are composed of static and dynamic bends The default bend limits are the maximum allowed amplitudes when there are no present static bends on the site This is hardly true in practical cases and the value of the present static bends caused by fixed installations must be taken into account The maximum bend limit will be the geometric sum of the static and the dy namic bends 3 5 4 1 Static Bends Static bends uA 0
95. ds 2 Data Fields The info fields cannot be changed on the screen as they are result of comput ed values and are just for information purposes The data fields can be activated highlighted by the arrow keys and their con tents can be changed 2 1 Info Fields There are seven info fields in the Control Panel 1 Heading 2 Antenna array 3 Presence of utilities and a number of Scattering objects 4 ADU fields 5 Registration info and Function keys AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 647 gt Control Panel System 2D TH CSF 13el Dual Default setup FRQ MHz 1180 3 SBO Ampl CLR SBOA 848 C Sector 4 08 go CLR SBOP go FUD Slope 8 80889 ADU Att CLR CSBA 848 SDH Slope 8 88009 fint Elmt ThCSF FRAME fint Elmt ThCSF FRAME THR Dist 388 7m fint Hgts 2 080m Ant Hgts 2 68m Refl Pl1n MOIST EARTH ET 4 046 20 087 26 HdB Gi Scatters No lt F8 gt CA1lt G gt cAlt U gt CAlt G gt cAlt U gt Clearance Signal SBO Ampl x SBO Ampl 0 80807 SBO Phase SBO Phase 6 CSB fimpl 887 CSB Ampl CSB Phase 89 CSB Phase F4 Util F5 New F6 Last F File F8 Scatt F9 Ant Fi End Fig CPN201 Info Fields of the Control Panel Heading 1 The Heading shows the Date Time and the Software Identification with the serial number The I key will show the release version and date in the heading field Antenna Array 2 The Antenna Array info shows the selected Antenna Array name and descrip tion
96. e custom color combinations for the graphics by changing the first number The code below shows the standard color palette AXIS 0 14 15 9 1 15 11 12 15 15 Code Graphic Colors Background Text 1 Text 2 Frame 1 Scale spare Scales Limit 1 Limit 2 Spare 1 Spare 1 O Black 4 Red 1 Blue 5 Magenta 2 Green 6 Brown 3 Cyan 7 Light Grey 8 Dark Grey 12 Light Red 9 Light Blue 13 Light Magenta 10 Light Green 14 Light Yellow 11 Light Cyan 15 White A2 6 20 UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 6 Files ASY ASY file includes tha antenna array data and it has an extension ASY AXIS 110 R32 TH CSF 13el Dual 13 Number of elements see note below DV Course amp Clr element type 0 Ant through ADU ATT 4 00 Course sector 2 00 Course ant hgt 3 00 Clearance ant hgt only valid if separate CLS array El Dist SBOA SBOP CSBA CSBP C SBOA C SBOP C CSBA C CSBP 1 12 10 3 26 90 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 180 0 2 9 90 6 84 90 0 15 66 0 0 0 00 0 0 6 16 180 0 3 7 70 10 35 90 0 35 48 0 0 0 00 0 0 13 95 180 0 4 5 50 11 62 90 0 60 95 0 0 0 00 90 0 23 99 180 0 5 3 30 9 06 90 0 86 09 0 0 6 45 90 0 33 90 180 0 6 1 10 3 59 90 0 100 00 0 0 24 83 90 0 39 36 180 0 7 0 00 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 00 0 0 248 32 0 0 8 1 10 3 59 90 0 100 00 0 0 24 83 90 0 39 36 180 0 9 3 30 9 06 90 0 86 09 0 0 6 45 90 0 33 90 180 0 10 5 50 11 62 90 0 60 95 0 0 0 00 90 0 23 99 180 0 11 7 70 10 35 90 0 35 48 0 0 0 00 0 0
97. e in certain modes The first argument must be proceeded by a symbol division symbol AIR The Window diagram will be seen from the air as default Oth erwise it will be seen from the ground NODATE Stop the date and time from being displayed or printed Example al air Lets the window be viewed from the air and forces the best screen type to be set al nodate Disables the date and time from the screen heading and printout There are a number of arguments found by pressing Z in the Control Panel 7 5 Pasting Graph into Windows applications For pasting graph into Windows applications like MS Word Adobe PhotoShop etc one mustfirst use the Save Pictures function in Mode 1 PlayBack Screen Files See the PLY chapter Use the dedicated AXIS Conversion software in the AXIS directory for loading the AXGO00 BAS or AXLOO BAS files in the SHOW directories The files are saved as PNG files which can be putinto other word files GEN 14 20 UN 2005 AXIS 110 User s Manual CPN Control Panel Table of Content OU EDS S CREO 5 ase auda Sci SOO Oe tee an Pie Iti GI Para ERR DEM RET 1 2 2 Io Flelde sgn ene laa qtu ub ium oid nip 2 21 Data xni e za 20dS 200522 Bad rti ruit 4 CEPI E rig M TE 6 3 1 9 VSte mE n y ier pod e ro 6 3 1 1 Calculating Dimension aie doas ditus eae aed uate duas
98. e less than the threshold crossing height in 3 3 20 SEP 2006 Approach Mode 3 5 Stop End Stop End distance m lt 300 gt Enter the actual distance from the localiser antennas to the stop end 3 6 Approach Azimuth Angle Track azimuth lt 0 Thisis the Azimuth Angle relative to the runway centerline normally identical to the localiser Courseline of 0 Positive angles are in clockwise direction accord ing to the geographical convention The Azimuth angle has the reference point at the center of the antenna array 3 7 Approach Start Point Start Distance m 110065 The beginning of the run masured from the antennas Default start distances 8 km plus the threshold distance to include point A at 7408 m 4NM from THR 3 8 Approach End Point End Distance m 15 This is the end distance of the approach run Default is 1m from the antenna array 3 9 Approach steps Increment Step m lt 50 gt The decrement distance of the run Default is 50 m This step should be smaller to show bendpatterns with short bendlengths Use the I key in the toggle panel to shorten the increment 7 25m or even 1 4 12 5m are better values when reflection objects are present 3 10 Receiver Speed Receiver speed kts 105 The receiver speed in knots 3 11 Receiver Filter Receiver filter rad sec lt 2 0 gt The receiver frequency response will infuence on the smoothening of the curve The filter res
99. e name ASY CR if none Cancel the command by pressing Enter otherwise type max 8 characters for file name and then press Enter 2 Enter the description Enter new Text Description nnnnnn 4 7 6 Description F7 This command lets you write your own label in each directory Type the text and press enter to create the label This may be a simple description of what kind of files there are in this directory e g an airport name testing scat ter objects etc Description The label can be rewritten anytime AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 CPN 19 AXIS 110 User s Manual 4 7 7 Create new directory lt F8 gt If a non existing directory is selected a warning will appear with a reminder that F8 can be pressed to create the directory After pressing F8 the warn ing disappears and the directory is ready for use Use the F7 to make a memo label for the content Files directory Work directories Select by PgUp PgDn Files directory gt WORK4 lt F gt Description This directory does not exist lt F8 to make Fig CPN406 Creating a new directory by lt F8 gt 4 8F8 Scatt This function enables insertion of the reflection objects into your simulation model Detailed description is given in the SCA section 4 9 F9 Ant This lt F9 gt key is used to load a new antenna array from the disk library of ASY files lt D
100. e selected directory the user is warned of No Files and the AXIS 110 will return to the Main menu Files directory SHOUS8N No screen files available hit any key Fig PLY203 There are no screen files in the selected directory AXIS 110 ONANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 PLY 3 AXIS 110 User s Manual 2 3 Screen files deletion F4 Delete all This command is used to delete all screen files and the directory label in the selected directory Before deletion the directory content is displayed and the AXIS 110 will ask Are you sure Y N Pressing the Y key the deletion will take place Any other key will return the program to the Main menu Note This command will delete only the screen files and labels for the AXIS 110 AXLnn BAS lt Date gt ARIS 116 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 8808 5 lt Time gt Are Vou Sure CY ND 841 89 85 AXL1 BAS ARLI1L BAS AXL13 BAS AXL14 BAS AXL15 BAS ARLI6 BAS ARL1 BAS ARL2 BAS 813 85 841 4 BAS ARLS BAS RL BAS AXL8 BAS AXL BAS AXL1IGB BAS Li AXLE BAS Fig PLY 204 Deletion of the screen files 2 4 Set your own show directory F5 New directory This command is use to select the user s screen files directory The user is asked to enter a name of directory as follows Enter new directory lt CR gt Default gt Type the name of your directory and press Enter If just Enter is pressed the AXIS 110 will set the default s
101. e the sidelobe level capture ratios etc use the dB option for the am plitude By pressing the 0 zero key at a given cursor location the current amplitude is set to 0 dB as reference Subsequent measurements are now rela tive to the chosen point Repeat the 0 key to toggle off the relative mode AXIS 110 ONANCO ORB 12 20 AUG 1994 Software Orbit Cross Over Mode 7 1 3 Phase Diagram The SBO CSB RF phase is an important part of the DDM calculations It can be visualised by selecting Phase from the P arameters In the following case the cursor has been used to measure the computed phase Move the cursor by the lt Left Right gt keys to a reference point an press the 0 zero key Then move the cursor along the curve to measure the relative values Orbit Crusz uer B ifm SBO Pace idh Perfect an AMIS 118 4 00 gt REL E HHP 205 770 20 260 Reference phase O A Read j press the O key i 5B diw M y mi zs uS ee TA EE i D p yel NN fad j se ieee oe es eae T M di cre id ds te this position iT EO pn 1 J A FIJBBM FZ levert F3 Print P4YGawe Ualuez C3GPRCEZCLE Fig ORB704 A typical Course phase diagram at 100m distance Note there is not always a 180 phase shift between the lobes at this distance 7 2 F
102. ed directly to the graphic display The crossing of the hyperbolic lines will show where the bends might have their origin APP 12 20 AUG 2002 AXIS110 User s Guide FIX Fixed Position mode Table of Contents jme E 1 ZB NT MNT PR 2 2 1 Data of the position of the point s 1 2 2 2 Dala OL EIFOFT2 uiid 2 Tele M e 3 2 4 Commands 4 eter DEDERE 3 S The Bala Enti s tec hA M LA d A dE MEAE 4 3 1 Position Of the poll s aureo evi esi eed en eee 4 3 1 1 Approach Elevation 4 3 1 2 Threshold Distance 4 3 1 3 Forward Distance 5 3 1 4 Sideways Distance cece cesecccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 5 3 1 5 Height of the Receiving Point 5 3 2 Error Source and Type nica reb mE RI USES i eir Las 5 3 2 T Error SOUNCE siot eh Eb 5 Qu P Error Types 6 3 2 2 1 SBO signal Error ra 6 3 2 2 2 Antenna Element Error sussss 6 9 9 Error rang rb denuo dedica di a tei e 7 3 3 1 Start Value of the Error uai td 7 3 3 2 End Value of the Error aiii ret ets 7 3 3 83 5 6 7
103. ed in the upper left hand part of the graphic screen With lt Left gt and lt Right gt arrows the cursor is moving with one computed step increment selected in data panel while holding the lt Ctrl gt key the steps will be 10 times larger Checking HOD SiH CrossQuer B LAE ChI SDH Ferfect p HAIS 118 17 58 Sa dhe Hip Cii pus HAP gt iaer 28 OT FLY LEFT i CPp l C I5Ben Ch Aen l 4H7 H 744 p z44 1 4H87 Ch FIJBBHU FzhImwert F3 Print Fave Z Ualuez SPRCESCLE Fig ORB705 The frame shows the azimuth angle SDM and BBP in pA and at the cursor location AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 ORB 15 AXIS 110 User s Manual 7 2 8 Add clearance lt SPACE gt CLR Press the lt Space gt if you want to see clearance signals in the same graph Note This function is enabled and displayed only for dual frequency sys tems For using the cursor to measure the values along the curves use the lt Up Down gt arrow keys to select the wanted curve for side lobe level etc The following measurement of the capture ratio was done in this way 1 Move the cursor to the center of the COURSE CSB curve soit stays on the peak 2 Press 0 zero for making relative measurements 3 Use the lt Up Down gt keys to move the cursor to the CLR CSB curve The computed value 19 29dB can be read in the field shown in the figure ORB
104. een graph and table Erase the old computed curve from memory The approach direction on the graph A reduction factor of the increment step 1 2 or 1 4 Select distance scale in meters feet or Nautical Miles from the thresolh Selects Threshold or the localiser antenna as the origin of the X distance scale Selects the displayed parameter CDI or Modulus The direction of the Y axis of the graph 90Hz up or down Add Runway and scattering objects to the graph Same amplitude along the entire flight path 2 3 Commands 3 The commands start the function or control the program execution F2 Change F3 Text F4 FSD F6 Excel F10 Menu CR Continue Change one or more data items Enter text line to be displayed with the graph Change the Y scale Full Scale Deflection Generate an Excel readable file Note This command is seen and enabled only when the D isplay toggle is selected into the Table Returnto menu Starts the Approach mode computation 20 OCT 1997 APP 3 APP 4 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 Data Entry The numeric data are entered by the F2 command allowing to change one or more items The present value is always shown between angle brackets Enter new value from the keyboard or press Enter to keep the present value fipproach on course 4 2 angle 3 080 Threshold Dist 3007m Thr Crossing hgt 15m Height above RWY 4m Cat Limit Stop End distance 366m CD gt ispl
105. eld at low angles will increase with the tailfin height in the power of between 2 and 3 It is therefore more important to emulate the upper part of the tailfin than the lower part The plate model sheet should theerfore be made according to figure SCA401 The plate model should have the same haight as the tailfin but the width should be determined at about 2 3 of the tailfin height 2 3 height Real tailfin Plate model Fig SCA401 The plate model compared to the real tailfin SCA 10 20 FEB 2010 AXIS 110 User s Manual PLY Playback Screen files Table of Content MPSS CHU eat ates 1 2 C otimatid S CFeefasdiseoi o ees albi dul did 2 2 1 5 how directory quick selection 3 22 Stat SNOW sex ode dria ood ida 3 2 3 S creer MES COLON senenin ERE 4 2 4 Set your own SHOW directory 3 sense ier n EP Yn Een rh ih 4 2 95 60 0 19 DOS iiio 4 2 6 Make directory label Rare 5 2 7 Make a new show directory aibi 5 PAM cp d mp RR MR 5 3 5 peed Control of the slide SHOW oer toca ti re etu horses 6 AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 PLY i AXIS 110 User s Manual AXIS 110 ONANCO PLY ii 20 AUG 1994 Software Playback Screen files 1 Description Playback Screen files option is used to show previously computed and saved graph screens in Black amp
106. eld of 21 characters that gives a short description of the system and any particular settings or errors This Text will be displayed at the top of the Control Panel The file is saved with all RUN settings like orbit angle scale approach distanc es increments etc 4 7 3 Kill file lt F4 gt This will display all the setup files in the WORK directory and opens a 21 character field where you can read the file description The cursor appears on the first file name Move it with the arrow keys and press CR to delete the file Press Esc to avoid deleting any file The operation is similar as Load file expect you are warning and prompting Are you sure Y N before making any deleting AXIS 110 CPN 18 20 MAR 2002 Software Control Panel 4 7 4 New directory lt F5 gt This command let you change the directory or disk drive for the files The menu for this option is Enter new directory lt CR gt Default The command is cancelled by Enter otherwise type the complete path and directory without the final backslash like the following examples C myfilesor A Note P gUp PgDn gt allows a quick selection of directory work1 through work50 4 7 5 Make ASY file lt F6 gt This will save the current antenna array as an ASY file and add it into the antenna array selection that is called in Control Panel by lt F9 gt key Entry take place in two steps 1 Enter the file name Enter fil
107. em sensitivity for antenna feed errors CSB Ampl U uu CSB Ampl U WU CSB Phase ge CSB Pues ai 180 A DU 999 OpA 999 0078DM O 0pA lt 40 00 SDM gt Fig CPN504 Random amplitude errors are added to the antenna feeds In this case max 5 amplitude and max 3 phase in each element lt Alt U gt Adjust front back amplitude ratio of the antenna elements All antenna elements have default front back ratios but these can be changed using this function Default values cannot be changed lt Alt F9 gt temporary ASY directory lt Alt F 9 allows to load antenna system ASY file in any director This hot key operates similarly as F9 in Control Panel expect it first ask the directory where user s ASY files are located AXIS 110 NANCO Software CPN 24 20 MAR 2002 AXIS 110 NANCO Software Control Panel 6 Main Menu The program execution comes into the main menu when lt Enter gt is pressed on the Control Panel MENU Select Mode be Number or Arrow ke ys Control Panel lt F10 gt Playback Screen files Orbit Cross Over fipproach on course Fixed Position Ground Current Bend Analysis Sensitive rea Current MODE lt gt Antenna system Scatterers RM response Print FF fictive SHOU Dir H CSF 13el Dual 1 2 0 rad s SHOWN Fig CPN601 Main Menu of the AXIS 110 The main menu shows the options Available options are depending on the access level of t
108. erence is normally set to 100 The lt Alt B gt toggles the display between and dB 3 7 4 Clearance CSB Phase CSB Phase 9 The clearance CSB phase relative to the clearance CSB reference signal normally 0 in the middle antenna or antenna pair AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 CPN 15 AXIS 110 User s Manual 4 F unction Keys In the Control Panel there are ten function keys available 4 1 1 Help The F1 key will display a short description on the function and navigation keys as well as the value stepping keys Fi This Help Screen F6 Load Last Used Setup F2 SHELL to DOS F7 Load Save model in Files Library F3 Change default Setup F8 Enter View Reflection Objects F4 Utilities F9 New antenna system fllt F9 dir F5 Load default Setup F18 Stop Regret Escape Quit t Move Up a DATA Field CTRLIPgUp Increase Value 16 4 Move Down a DATA Field PgUp Increase Value Move to Next DATA Section Ins Increase Value 1 lt Move back one DATA Section Del Decrease Value 18 Home First DATA Section PgDn Decrease Value End Last DATA Section CTRLIPgDn Decrease Value 164 lt Enter gt Continue TO MENU Step Up Antenna number Step Down Antenna number More help now H View Hot keys in Main Screen M Mouse Instructions Fig CPN401 Help Screen of the Control Panel More help screens are displayed when pressing H or M keys H key will display the hotkeys and M key will display the mouse instruction
109. es where several objects are in question a com plex interference pattern will occur for the bends and this method may fail to find a real solution to the problem 20 OCT 2005 BND 3 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 Data Entry The present value is always shown between angle brackets Enter new value from the keyboard or press Enter to keep the present value Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 Tine Bend Analysis Approach Elevation Angle c lt 3 Threshold distance lt 3007 gt Track Azimuth Angle 5 lt 8 CF2 gt Make Bends lt CR gt Analyze Bends Fig BND301 First part of data entry of BND 3 1 Approach Elevation Angle Approach Elevation Angle lt 3 The simulated track follows this descend angle down to threshold next entry and then continues 4 m above the runway surface 3 2 Distance to Threshold Threshold distance 3007 The distance computed in the Control Panel based on the selected course sector angle However this Threshold distance entry can be set to any value greater than zero 3 3 Track Azimuth Angle Track Azimuth Angle lt O gt The tracking direction referred to the center of the antenna system 3 4 Option Selection F2 Make Bends lt CR gt Analyse Bends Press the lt F2 gt for Make Bend option or lt Enter gt for Analyse Bend option NOTE The data entry is branching according the selected option BND 4 20 OCT 1993 Ben
110. ey number one Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 lt Time gt T 380807m 3233 B 4857m A 16415m Scan area Scan begin dist lt i88 Scan stop dist Kn lt 3508 X increment lt 58 Scan vidth Cm lt 5808 Side Increment Cm lt 18 The scan area determines the area where the scattering sheet is moved while the bend calculation is made in the position or track of the receiver Fig SNS302 Data Entries for the Scan Area NOTE Entry for the scan area data is disabled if the memory already in cludes the earlier computed data Erase toggle DATA 3 2 1 Start Distance Scan begin dist m 100 The longitudinal distance from LLZ array where the scan starts 3 2 2 Stop Distance Scan stop dist m 3500 The longitudinal distance from the LLZ array where the scan is stopped even if the sensitive area extends If the sensitive area extends beyond this distance the end tips of the area line will have a small circle attached to them At the bottom of the the graph the texr Non completed will appear NOTE Stop distance must be greater than start distance 3 2 3 Longitudinal Step X Increment m 50 The test process moves the scattering object longitudially forward with this increment X inc The default step is 50m SNS 6 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 3 2 4 Scan Width Scan width m 500 The maximum lateral distance of
111. f three language files are AL10 nn Help screens for a scattering object editor AL11 nn Help screen called from the Control Panel AL12 nn All modules and functions declaring texts Bate AXIE 118 LS LOCALISER SIMULATOR CE H BH3 1 ime Enter the fils extension country code sem list balau WHowl GH 1 GH ALLA E ALAR PIH ALIA F ALLE ALIH BR ALTE H ALIA B Bytes Free Fig SET502 Language selection of the SetUp The command F2 opens the screen where you can see all the AL10 nnn files available SET 8 20 OCT 1995 SetUp On the first row you are asked to enter the extension part country code and then press lt enter gt If the country code exists you can see your selection in the F2 command row If you do not want to change the language just hit lt enter gt NOTE You must press F3 to save the selection 5 2 Save Configuration F3 F3 SAVE this as the Default setup The F3 will save configuration permanently into the file AL 001 as the new Default SetUp and the program will return to the Control Panel with the new con figuration settings 5 3 User Code Deletion F5 F5 Delete User Code The lt F5 gt will clear the AL 001 file that contains the user code This will disable the usage of AXIS110 software Before doing the deletion the AXIS110 will ask Are you sure Y N Pressing the Y key the deletion will take place and the AXIS110 execution will be hal
112. fint Elmt ThCSF FRAME 3007m fint Hgts HAm Ant Hgts 2 66m Ref 1 Pln MOIST EARTH 4 66 20 087 26 48 CAlt G gt lt Alt U gt Clearance Signal SBO Ampl 3 26 SBO Ampl 0 087 SBO Phase 90 SBO Phase 89 CSB Ampl 8 887 CSB fimpl 0 087 CSB Phase 89 CSB Phase 186 AD ADU Fig CPN202 Data fields of the Control Panel Site Data 1 The Site Data contents the operating frequency and the all the environment information necessary for calculation Course Transmitter Data 2 This group includes the SBO signal Amplitude and Phase of the Course transmitter and the type and the height of the antenna array elements The course transmitter CSB signal is the reference for the entire system and has relative amplitude 100 or 0 dB and phase 0 degrees Clearance Transmitter Data 3 This group includes the CS B amplitude and SBO signal Amplitude and Phase of the Clearance transmitter as well as the type and the height of the antenna array elements The clearance transmitter CSB phase signal is a reference of clearance 0 degrees It also has a field for showing the low frequency 90 150Hz phase AXIS 110 ONANCO CPN 4 20 AUG 1999 Software Control P anel between the course and clearance transmitters Alt Q will toggle the LF tones between normal and quadrature Antenna Element Data 4 This group allows adjusting the mechanical and electrical settings for each antenna element The first
113. forthe number of fixed points 1 One fixed point will be handled 2 Two fixed points will be handled 4 6 P arameter Selection forthe parameter to be displayed in graph diagram CDI CDI uA or DDM S C SBO andCSB amplitude CSB CSB amplitude SBO SBO amplitude PHA the phase FIX 8 20 OCT 1997 Fixed PositionMode 4 7 C rs Clr Selection for the displayed signal of the graphic only for dual frequency systems CRS Course signal CLR Clearance signal NOTE The Display toggle in TABL will display both CRS and CLR signals 20 OCT 1997 FIX 9 AX1IS110 User s Guide 5 Commands There are seven commands in Fixed Position Data Panel that is used to control the program execution orto allow to enter numeric data 5 1 F2 Change Change command allows you change the position data ofthe fixed point s 9 2 CF 3 Text Quick command to enter text line to be shown in graph diagram 5 3 F4 FSD Quick command to setthe full vertical scale setting into graph 5 4 F5 Errors lt F5 gt Errors command allow you enter the data for the error simulation including the error source the error type and the error range and step 5 5 F6 E xcel This command enables an Excel readable file to be saved with the computed data NOTE The display toggle must be setto TABL in order to invoke this func tion 5 6 F10 Menu Exitfrom fixed position mode into main menu 5 7 CR Continue Starts the Fixed Position mode calcu
114. guage than English is used the corresponding key for Y in the other language must be used The lt F10 gt key is one of the most useful key as a regret function It will inter rupt computations and subsequently exits the simulator level by level AXIS 110 ONANCO Software 20 AUG 1994 CPN 21 AXIS 110 User s Manual 5 Hot Keys There are many Hot Keys available in the Control Panel The Hot Keys or an Alt Key combination execute a given action immediately when pressed Here is a brief description about the Hot Keys in the Control Panel lt B gt black amp white or colours Hot key lt B gt is a toggle selecting screen between Colour and B amp W lt H hot keys table Hot key H shows the help screen about the hot keys Hot keys Instant action without subsequent Enter key B Black amp White or Colours H This screen I Info on Uersion amp Date N News in Development Q Quit from Control Panel See startup arguments 1 Add 989 to Course SBO 9 Add 96 to Course SBO lt Alt 1 gt Add 98 to Clearance SBO filt 9 Add 98 to Clearance SBO lt Alt A gt List antenna system feeds lt Alt B gt Toggle amplitudes dB or z lt Alt C gt Clearance ON OFF toggle lt Alt D gt Toggle DDM or CDI display lt Alt E gt Extended Freq 26 46 Ch lt Alt G gt Set modulation depths lt Alt M gt Toggle measures meters feet lt Alt Q gt CLR 98 158 in Quadrature lt Alt R gt View Reflected signals only
115. h to zoom in on the crossing of the hyperbolic lines Upper left hand corner of the screen is shown the name and the value of the parameter End 4000m The value of the parameter is stepped by lt PgUp gt lt PgDn gt keys and the text field is shown the value as long as you hit lt enter gt for redraw or another position keys 20 OCT 1993 BND 11 AXIS110 User s Guide 5 3 Functions The functions of the graph display are F1 B amp W Black amp White to Colour Selector F2 Invert Display invert the colours for cut amp paste purposes F3 Print Print the curve to a printer F4 Save Save a B amp W graph for later play back 5 3 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector F1 B amp W This function is used to toggle the graph between colour and black amp white The lt F1 gt key will turn the graph into black background and white lines Repeating the lt F1 gt key will restore the color display 5 3 2 Display Inverter F2 Invert This function will invert the display It also operates in colour display changing the colours to their complementary ones 5 3 3 Printout F3 Print This function allows the feed parameters and the graph to be printed out for documentation purposes Make sure that correct printer driver Grafplus or Gra flasr is loaded before starting the AXIS110 otherwise no graph will be printed only the text Normally this is done by the AL BAT file 5 3 4 Graph Saver F4 Save The save function is used to
116. he scale The Center value Ctr of the vertical scale Normally this is OuA but it can be set to any value in order to zoom in on certain areas of the curve AXIS 110 ORB 10 20 AUG 1994 PONE Orbit Cross Over Mode For SDM Sum Depth of Modulation the center axis 0 CDI is 40 modulation Use the cursor lt Left Right gt keys to read values 2 Horizontal scale is the azimuth value of the start and stop point of the orbit normally 50 3 The ICAO limits for minimum DDM in the sectors between CS and 435 4 The maximum DDM CSB MOD SUM 40 387uA lines A theoretic receiver may pass these lines but the perfect and other emulated types will never exceed this value 5 The frame showing 75uA and 150uA at the azimuth angles corre sponding to the full and half Course Sector settings on the Control Panel The Ideal curve should be a straight line between the lower left hand corner and the upper right hand corner Parameter values Description of test Orbit Crazz uer B 1 FSD Ctra CDI qup CAR CAP 1 CL 8 3 2 8037 i1 247 B BH 1 247 2 803 CS 4 965 FLEA CPZ Inert F4iGaue C Umlums Fig ORB702 The readings found in the Orbit graph 1 The following set and computed values are found on the graph 10000m on the left hand upper corner the distance from the antenna to the lateral orbit
117. he user If you do not have access to the option you cannot highlight and use it Press the item number or move the cursor up or down with the arrow keys and press CR to select a run mode The number between the angle bracket below the menu list shows the current selection Here is the summary about menu selections 0 Control Panel F10 key Return to Control Panel by selecting 0 or F10 1 Playback Screen files The mode where you can see the saved graphic screens as a slide show See section PLY 3 Orbit Cross Over The orbit mode that simulates the orbit flight See section ORB 4 Vertical Trace This special option is not normally supplied with standard package 20 AUG 1999 CPN 25 AXIS 110 User s Manual 5 Approach on course The approach mode that simulates the approach path of the flight See section APP 6 Fixed Position The fixed position mode that allows you to simulate a simultaneous effect of a misalignment in the near field and far field See section FIX 7 Ground Current This mode will visualize the induced ground current in front of the antenna array See section GND 8 Bend Analysis The bend analysis mode is a tool for finding the source of reflections and multi path problems See section BND 9 Sensitive Area This module is a tool for computing the LLZ sensitive area for a given antenna System and aeroplane type See section SNS Lower part of the main menu sc
118. heigth is 10 m for the sheet The default diameter of each wire in the section is 0 01m Height of sheet fintennas Reflecting sheet Fig SCA207 Help screen for the height of the reflecting object SCA 4 20 SEPT 1994 Scattering Object Editor Diameter of each wire diameter IDO Antennas Wire section Fig SCA208 Help screen for the height of the reflecting object 2 6 Bottom Height of the sheet or the wire Btm Hgt The bottom heigth of the scattering object Default value is zero meaning the object stays on the ground In case of simulating the aircraft tailfins or the beam of the building crane the sheet should be lifted from the ground by setting the bottom height accordingly Height of sheet bottom edge Cm lt Antennas Fig SCA209 Help screen for the bottom height of the object Height of wire above ground lt 18 Mire section Measured to wire underside Antennas Fig SCA210 Help screen for the height of wire above ground NOTE Btm Hgt cannot be set to a lower value than zero meaning the object base is on the ground 20 SEPT 1994 SCA 5 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 7 Rotation Angle Rot The rotation angle of the scattering object is the horizontal angle between the object and the centerline The clockwise rotation is entered as a positive value and the negative value represents the counter clockwise rotation according to geographical directions R
119. hows the SBO and the CSB curves together CSB Shows the CSB curve SBO Shows the SBO curve bbp Shows Beam Bend Potential with 100 as full scale 2 SBO BBP Shows Beam Bend Potential with 10 as full scale 20 SBO PHASE Shows the SBO CSB phase relationship along the path 4 10 S ense Selection for the sense direction 904 Fly Right will be in the upper part of the graph 904 Fly Right will be in the lower part of the graph NOTE this toggle will only effect the graph 4 11 V iew Show runway x scale distance and scatter objects to the graph NO Nothing added to the graph RWY Runway is drawn in scale R amp S Runway and scattering objects are drawn SCAT Scattering objects with a circle at the center NOTE The View toggle is only effective in the graphs 20 SEP 2006 APP 7 AXIS110 User s Guide 4 12 N ormalized Selection how amplitude information should be displayed YES Curve will have the same amplitude at all distances Variations is caused by lobing factors or multipath NO Curve will show the normal decay due to power dilution at greater distances This is the actual signal strength variation measureed in practice The relation between the two curves is E E 1000 Distance 5 Commands 5 1 F2 Change The Change command is used to modify the values of the numeric data used in the computation See chapter 3 Data Entry of this section 5 2 F3 Text Quick command to enter text into the graph 5 3 F4 FSD G
120. ields contain the parameters adjustable in the electronic cabi net for the COURSE signals The type of the antenna elements and their heights are also included 1 Course SBO Amplitude SBO Ampl dB Displays the general SBO amplitude from the modulator in deciBel dB Chang es can be done in 0 01 dB steps Nominal value is 0 dB and refers to the default values in the disk file 2 Course SBO Phase SBO Phase 9 Displays the general SBO phase from the modulator Nominal value is 0 degrees By pressing the 1 key number one 90 and pressing the 9 key number nine 490 phase shift will be added to this data field This will also be seen in the lower part of the Control Panel Course Signal SBO Phase data field 3 ADU Attenuator Throughput ADU Att dB If there exists an SBO attenuator in the selected antenna array ADU Antenna Distribution Unit the SBO to one on more antenna pair will pass through it Note Positive value means higher amplitude and NOT higher attenuator setting If no ADU attenuator exist the field will not be activated Adjustments will change both clearance and the resulting course width 4 Course Antenna Element Type Ant Elmt The antenna element type used in the selected array The element radiation diagrams are simulated with the theoretical diagram The available elements are ISOTROPIC Omnidirectional 1 2L DIPOLE Half wave dipole DIPOLE W R Half wave dipole with reflector
121. igher the position the faster the speed Default speed is maximum so the x sign is shown in the highest position Any other key will freeze the display and atthe bottom of screen will appear the help row In the freezed state you can look at each screen by stepping the PgUp or PgDn keys invert the screen by the F2 key for screen capture etc quit the playback show by the lt F 10 gt key Any other key will continue the show 2 construction cranes Approach on course El 3 808 Az 8 8 Sdu Gm CDI FSD 166 A Ctr GpA FLY LEFT RX 2 0radzs 185kts Usage Speed PgUp Step Back PgDn Step Ahead F2 Invert FiB8DQuit Fig PLY301 The screen with help row at the bottom when the slide show is stopped AXIS 110 P LY 6 20 AUG 1994 Software AXIS 110 User s Manual ORB Orbit Cross Over Mode Table of Content 8 1 Beate 3 Cl Gels ceed 2 2s VITUS ENG Ista reum lea d n ia 2 2 2 T0 dl85 123 ara it 3 Di 3 MIBINDI Topo 4 BolT Me TaN GENO GING IS ratu ond oou 4 BP BOVE atii ran addons dd 5 GING 5 5 5 5 ANGIE SC Ds Mass sd abl 5 3 G RecelVer Speed ais stasera cedi edic iat 5
122. iicet eoe 3 13 Textline into the Graphic 4 Toggles Z qd BI aca obo ee LAURI DA ATE 4 12 NyormaliZegi ss oto tendis Commands PP 5 T14FE2 Change oe oe e erp iaa aAa EE ini 5E BS TOXU cousin rH S SAFA FS Dies EE 5 4 F6 EXC MM 5 5 F10 Menu s dodi erecta seda 5 6 Continue CR essen E E 4 MU 8 20 SEP 2006 APP i AXIS110 User s Guide Ci ECL 9 7 Graphic Display oii 10 Fol Diagrami asino 10 HE 10 7 2 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector 11 7 2 2 Display Inverter 11 EC 11 7 2 4 Graph Saver eet ted it reist esiti ue 11 7 2 5 Scattering Object Editor iretur 11 7 2 6 Curve Tracer es ter dte tbc dee 11 APP ii 20 AUG 2002 Approach Mode 1 Description The Approach Mode simulates a movement along the approach path towards the landing point on the runway and further on to the antenna array The approach path follows the given elevation angle until the height of 4m above the runway is reached passing the threshold at 15m From this point a constant height of 4 mis maintained It should be noted that flying out on the backbeam the height will also be 4m The threshold crossing heigh
123. ill be displayed in the upper left hand part of the graphic screen With lt Left gt and lt Right gt arrows the cursor is moving with one computed step increment selected in data panel while holding the lt Ctrl gt key the steps will be 20 OCT 1993 APP 11 AXIS110 User s Guide 10 times larger Fig APP702 Distance and parameter reading of the cursor location ILS syustem for Docum Approach on course El 3 00 Az 0 0 Sdu Om CDI 6257m 3 38NM gt 4 21pA FLY LEFT RX 4 5rad s 105kts F1 B amp U FZ Invert F3 Print F4 Save F8 Scatter Ualues The curve tracing function includes also the automatic point loader for bend ana lysing This feature is utilized in the following way 1 Find a maximum middle or minimum point on a bend section and press the 0 zero key The distance will now read zero because this point is now set as a reference After this a further move of the cursor will display the relative distance from the reference point 2 Movethe cursor either a full half or quarter bend cycle and then press 1 one for full cycle or 2 two for half cycle or 4 four for quarter cycle most accurate This will load the bend distance length combination into the bend ana lyser module 3 Make two or three entries repeating 1 and 2 and then return to the MENU use the Enter key and then lt F10 gt Select Bend Analysing mode mode 8 and press Enter several times to proce
124. ine a distance of 1050m 3500ft from the threshold A point on the extended centerline where the nominal ILS glide path passes at a height of 30m 100ft A point 4m 12ft above the runway centerline and 900m 3000ft from the threshold in the direction of the localizer A point 4m 12ft above the runway centerline and 600m 2000ft from the stop end of the runway in the direction of the threshold A point normally 15m above the threshold where the downward extended straight portion of the ILS glide path passes Called also ILS reference Datum International Civil Aviation Organisation Increment ILS Reference Datum See ILS Point T Constant Deviation line Used in window overview graph ic 20 AUG 1994 AX3 3 AXIS 330 User s Manual K Kill Same as delete Kts Knots Nautical Miles per hour 1 83km h LAT Latitude Trace mode section of this manual Lgt Length LLZ Localiser LPDA Log Periodic Dipole Antenna M ARRAY MCU Monitor Combining Unit MOD Modulus Modulus The maximum possible bend amplitude along an approach if the reflected SBO signals arrive in the worst possible phase relationship to the direct CSB signal Also called the envelope of the bend pattern NULL REF Two antennas GP type basic type GP where the lower antenna A1 radiates the CSB and the upper A2 the SBO Optimize Optimized GP is the M ARRAY system where the ampli tude and phase relation is slightly adjusted so that the SBO and C
125. ing points of which one will be identical to one of the analysis result in the centerline ILS sustem for Documm Bend Analysis Track AZ 2 67 Proj level Om Fig BND602 The hyperbolic lines when approaching at 2 azimuth angle The circle shadowed point has remained at the same location as in fig BND601 while the square point has moved The circle shadowed point will be the real object while the other point square shadowed has moved presenting the non existing image object BND 14 20 OCT 1993 AX1IS110 User s Guide SNS Sensitive Area mode Table of Contents PSS CHIDEO UM someran seo OEE AEAEE QU HBUAV MEA AU Haa SIND 1 Rp e 2 2 1 Numeric data 1 oie eceetato bib ir bb o etia e t et rara Na tn 2 2 2 Scattering Object Data 2 unito at of Ra f 3 2 3 FOQUI65 3 ui oasis M DELE ORO RE ARUM LI ia 3 2 ACCOMM ANUS su PEE nM dives utc aad ERG Moi dude did 4 3 Data EL indeed ism CRM 5 3 1 Scattering Sheet FB o eee eot Rue u so pad em dede da 5 3 2 Scan Area data 4L e per b ret ratte 6 3 2 F Start DIS atio pedet erneut Orbi tu tan EA SU s t 6 3 2 2 Stop DISTANCE beebit 6 3 2 3 Longitudinal 6 32 4 S Car is d sata on oer eta Saucy 7 3 295 Lateral Step ss e EORR PR ER DURAN a OM ES 7 3 9 Display data 2 ecd vea a tic a Za f d 7 3 3 1 Length Of the 7 3 3 2 Stop End ofthe RUNWAY us oes etu Ree b bs eo bis
126. ion and the value shall be less than MAX error 3 3 2 End Value of the Error MAX Error dB 10 The MAX error is the end value ofthe error simulation and the value shall be more than MIN error 3 3 3 Increment Step of the Error INCR Step dB 1 The INCR Step is the value ofthe calculation step 20 OCT 1997 FIX 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide 4 Toggles There are seven toggles in the fixed position mode allowing you quickly change some of the often used settings Pressing the key shown between the brackets will execute the function 4 1 d B or 96 S election for the amplitude diagrams CSB or SBO y axis unit Amplitudes will display in percent dB Amplitudes will display in deciBel 4 2 D isplay Selection for the output of the computed results GRAPH Computed result will be displayed in graph form TABL Computed result will be displayed in table form 4 3 E rase S election for erasing the earlier computed data OK the old data in the memory will be erased and a new curve may now be computed DATA the memory still contains the last results and the curve may be displayed again with altered toggle settings 4 4 I ncr x S election forthe x axis incrementfactor during computation The factor will decrease the selected increment step in order to increase the resolution of the curve 1 Resolution will be as selected 15 Double resolution Yq Resolution will increase by four 4 5 N Points S election
127. ional practical tests or advice from a second source of consultance should be considered 20 FEB 2010 Checklist for AXIS110 Release 40 Page GEN i GEN ii GEN 1 GEN 2 GEN 3 GEN 4 GEN 5 GEN 6 GEN 7 GEN 8 GEN 9 GEN 10 GEN 11 GEN 12 GEN 13 GEN 14 Date 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 JUN 2005 20 MAR 2002 20 MAR 2002 20 OCT 1993 20 AUG 1999 20 OCT 1995 20 AUG 1999 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1993 10 OCT 1996 20 OCT 1993 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 MAR 2002 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1994 20 AUG 1999 20 OCT 1995 20 MAR 2002 20 AUG 1999 20 AUG 1994 Page SET i SET ii SET 1 SET 2 SET 3 SET 4 SET 5 SET 6 SET 7 SET 8 SET 9 SET 10 UTL i UTL ii UTL 1 UTL 2 UTL 3 UTL4 UTL 5 UTL 6 UTL 7 UTL 8 SCA i SCA ii SCA 1 SCA 2 SCA 3 SCA 4 SCA 5 SCA 6 SCA 7 SCA 8 SCA 9 SCA 10 PLY i PLY ii PLY 1 PLY 2 PLY 3 PLY 4 PLY 5 PLY 6 Date 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 2005 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 OCT 1995 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 DEC 1993 20 SEP 1994 20 SEP
128. l computed results are shown The list includes the following parameters x Distance from the antenna array in meters CDI Course deviation in uA CSB Course CSB amplitude SBO Course SBO amplitude Phase Course Phase between CSB and SBO C CDI Clearance deviation in uA C CSB Clearance CSB amplitude C SBO Clearance SBO amplitude C Phase Clearance Phase between C CSB and C SBO Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR lt S N 8 gt lt Time gt Approach on course 80 x2 CDI CpA gt CSB SBO Phase C CDI lt A gt C CSB C SBO C Phase 2507 00 8 3 12 7 234 39 38 3 8 8 8 6 228 29 2457 00 6 6 13 1 4 6 11 85 115 7 8 6 8 8 19 39 2407 88 1 8 13 4 155 59 83 6 1 1 6 6 164 39 2357 00 6 5 13 8 6 6 3809 3 47 3 8 6 8 1 283 59 2307 00 1 1 14 1 113 8 108 2 1 2 8 1 140 6 2257 00 6 6 14 5 6 6 298 39 98 2 4 9 8 1 246 6 2207 00 2 3 14 9 0 0 128 69 153 7 1 5 8 1 151 6 2157 66 8 9 15 3 0 0 326 29 333 7 8 5 8 2 236 9 2107 00 5 4 15 8 8 86 189 2 182 2 2 2 8 2 185 29 205 5 88 1 8 16 2 4 8 72 19 245 4 1 6 8 3 144 8 2007 00 6 6 16 7 0 0 337 2 572 3 8 9 8 3 201 4 1957 60 3 6 17 2 0 0 267 99 242 2 2 1 8 3 208 8 1907 66 5 8 17 7 0 0 227 59 205 3 2 6 8 3 198 4 1857 60 4 4 18 3 0 0 219 2 182 0 2 4 8 2 198 29 1807 00 1 5 18 8 6 6 240 8 122 3 1 6 8 1 217 9 1757 00 8 6 19 4 0 0 248 69 63 3 1 4 8 1 228 59 1707 00 1 6 26 1 6 6 332 89 241 2 8 5 8 1 301 3 hit any key to return Fig APP601 Atypical screen for the
129. lation FIX 10 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode 6 Table display If the Display toggle is selected as a TABL the computed results will be showed as alist of the parameter values This will also enable an Excel readable file to be saved on the disk if the F6 key is presse d Before the execution of the list itis asked if the user want to take the results to the printer Hardcopy of Results y or lt SPACE gt Enter Y or lt SPACE gt if the results should be printed out The display will stop while the screen is full and the user is asked to hit any key to continue That will be repeated as long as the all computed results are shown The list includes the following parameters VARIABLE Error parameter CDI Course deviation in uA CSB Course CSB amplitude SBO Course SBO amplitude Phase Course Phase between CSB and SBO C CDI Clearance deviation in uA C CSB Clearance CS B amplitude C SBO Clearance SBO amplitude C Phase Clearance Phase between C CSB and C SBO lt Date gt Fixed Position x CDI CpA gt 90 00 19 6 85 00 19 1 806 00 18 5 75 00 17 8 70 00 17 0 65 00 16 1 60 00 15 2 55 00 14 2 50 00 13 2 45 80 12 2 40 00 11 6 35 08 9 9 30 00 8 7 25 00 7 6 20 00 6 4 15 00 5 1 18 08 3 9 hit any key to Fig FIX601 AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR CSB SBO Phase C CDICpA gt C CSB C SBO 289 2 3 8 215 6 100 7 56 9 12 7 293 5 2 9 213 6 18
130. lation time Adverse terrain like high hills buildings and metal constructions will most likely cause bends on the signals due to reflections or diffraction of the course and or clearance signals into the approach path and coverage sector This model will be of reasonable accuracy to predict the impact of scatters from buildings and aircraft tailfins along the taxiways Itis designed for following pur poses 2 to find the sensitive area around a specific localiser system in order to restricttaxing aircrafts movements during instrumentlanding j to examine the effect of planned buildings or constructions in order to make a qualified recommendation for approval or disapproval of erect ing it t to learn whatimpactdifferent antenna systems will behave in different airport environments For procurement situations this may also form a check on the manufacturers claim of system performance For possi ble arguments that might occur in this context itshould be noted that no mathematical model can fully simulate a real situation and that the manufacturer probably has long and qualified experience in modelling sites 20 OCT 1993 A1 1 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 Antenna array Antenna array radiation pattern calculation is based on the individual antenna elementradiation The effects of mutual impedance or shadowing IS NOT calculated by the LLZ model of the AXIS110 whereas the mechanical orientation and the feeded sig nals amplit
131. les starting with in the filename are information regarding this AXIS soft ware family 20 UN 2005 GEN 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide 5 5 Installing AXIS 110 5 5 1 Making Backups Make backup copies of the 5110 files to guard against loss 5 5 2 Installation The install program creates AXIS subdirectory on your harddisk and puts the batch file AL BAT on rootdirectory Installation program INSTALL BAT will copy all necessary files to the harddisk in the AXIS directory WARNING If you already have the file named AL BAT in your root it will be overwritten without warning Procedure 1 Click the Start menu select RUN and type cmd or command 2 Insertthe CD into the D drive or any relevant drive letter 3 Type D lt enter gt 4 Type D gt cd A110 lt enter gt 5 Type D A110 gt install c enter Wherecis the drive letter Example installc installs to c drive installd installs to d drive 5 6 Starting the AXIS 110 first time First time you run the software the user code must be entered This code is dif ferentfor each user and the registered access level and is found in the attached registration letter that comes with the software You will only be asked forthis code firsttime you run iton your machine GEN 8 20J UN 2005 General 5 7 Running the AXIS110 The software is started through the file AL BAT that loads a printer driver into the computer memory before loading
132. liser antennas and the runway Back walls in the shadow of the directlocaliser signal ARE NOT simulated Also aircraft tailfins or any metallic construction can be simulated by using rec tangular sheets positioned and oriented in the three dimentional space 4 2 The Wire Section A section of parallel wires can be simulated The wires behave slightly different than the sheet in that they have a near cylindric free space re radiation diagram 4 3 Scattering models Scattering calculation is devided into reflections and diffractions Diffracted signal Scattering object LLZ array ae Reflected signal HA Hu puer Fig A1 401 The scattering object 4 3 1 Reflection The maximum reflection occurs mainly in the optical specular angle A number of sidelobes occur simularto the function k sin x x where k and x depend on the length and height of the sheet The re reflection from ground between the sheet and the receiver is set to 95 as we assume flat airportsurface 4 3 2 Diffraction Depending on the horisontal rotation angle of the sheet an even stronger dif fracted signal with sidelobes will arise behind the sheetalong the extended line from the transmitter to the sheet The Physical Optics mathematical model uses the Fresnel Kirchhoff diffraction integral to compute the scattered signal in the three dimentional space around A1 4 20 OCT 1993 Appendix 1 Localiser Model the sheet Reflec
133. lt gt NOTE Only half system FLY LEFT SIDE is entered Fig UTL201 The Antenna Array Designer Basic Data Entry During this step the antenna array designer assumes the array is symmetrical both sides of the centerline therefore only the FLY LEFT side of the array is entered enter the number of antenna elements radiating SBO and CSB sepa rately in case of an odd number of antennas the center antenna must be entered separately the elements in the array are equi Spaced in case of odd number of elements the distance between center and the center pair will be a half of the nominal distance for chebychev distribution the default side lobe level forSBO and CSB is 35dB for user defined distribution the defaul values of each elements are SBO 10 and CSB 100 default values for SBO and CSB phase is 90 and 0 respectively for two frequency systems the CLR array will be promted with zero feed amplitudes and must be filled in manually by the user UTL 4 20 DEC 1993 Utilities 2 3 Data Accepting In the data accepting step the all calculated data values are shown one by one If you accept the value press Enter otherwise enter the new value before Enter The data is asked in the following substeps 1 Distance from array center m SBO Amplitude of MAX CSB SBO Phase 2 3 4 CSB Amplitude of MAX CSB 5 CSB Phase E NOT Be careful accepting data because you cannot step backwards
134. lt Alt S gt Slope XFSL amp 551 in or z lt Alt T gt Add tolerances to the feeds lt Alt U gt Set Front Back Ratio lt Alt F gt Temporary change ASY directory Fig CPN502 Screen after hotkey H is pressed Info on version and date Hot key lt l gt shows the program version and date This info replaces the head ing text of the Control Panel lt N gt news in development Hot key N display the A110news file which briefly describe the AXIS 110 development phases Q quit from Control Panel Hot key Q can be used instead of F10 to exit AXIS 110 lt Z gt see start up arguments Hot key Z displays the switches arguments to be selected at start up 1 2 add 90 to Course SBO Hot key 1 adds 90 to the SBO of the course transmitter AXIS 110 ONANCO CPN 22 20 AUG 1999 Software AXIS 110 NANCO Software Control Panel Switches for startup AXIS software User Guide has complete list Preceed only first switch with e g al feet screen nodate BLACK Remove colours to enable saving of graphic screens CGA Forces screnn into CGA mode CUT Cut the direct signal from the output leaving scatter only DDM Uses DDM instead of CDI in pA as default EGA Forces screnn into EGA mode UGA Forces screnn into UGA mode HERC Forces screnn into Hercules mode DEMO Enables DEMO mode if no user code is available No date time on screen or pri
135. mensional model 2D 3D 3 1 1 Image antennas 3D or flat model 2D System 2D Select whether the array computation should be a general fast 2 dimensional algorithm for a general view of the azimuth diagram or use the antenna height FSL and SSL DATA to include the image antennas in the ground plane 3 dimensional mode is somewhat slower since the number of antennas will be doubled but must be used if reflection objects are included in the model or if the antenna elements are mounted at different heights Toggle between 2D 3D using the lt PgUp gt PgDn key If a scattering object is entered into the model or the clearance antennas have a different height than the course antennas the 3D mode will be automatically invoked 3 1 2 Antenna Array System nnnnnnnn FY nnnnnnn The selection of the antenna system is made by the key F9 The chosen antenna system is displayed and the 21 characters text field is describing the setup The antenna system will also be changed by the keys F3 F4 F5 F6 and F7 The details of those function keys are given under the function keys description AXIS 110 CPN 6 20 OCT 1995 Control Panel 3 2 Site Data Site data contains the parameters which represent the environment and in cludes 1 FRQ MHz Operating Frequency 2 C Sector Course Sector 3 FWD Slope Forward Slope 4 SDW Slope Sideways Slope 5 THR Dist Threshold Dis
136. meric data needed F4 Limit of Bend Data entry for the maximum bend F3 Text Text entry description added into the graph F9 Show a X Y table of the Sensitive Area size F10 Menu Return to menu CR Continue Starts the Sensitive Area computation SNS 4 20 UL 2001 Sensitive Area 3 Data Entry Numeric data entry is divided into five parts as follows 1 the scattering sheet 2 the scanning area 3 the display data 4 the RX position track and 5 the basic data The numeric data is entered by a key shown between brackets allowing to change the value of the numeric data The present value is always shown be tween angle bracket Enter new value from the keyboard or press Enter to keep the present value 3 1 Scattering Sheet F8 The scattering sheet is entered by F8 key or by S catter toggle The S catter toggle will load preprogrammed sheets representing the tailfins of the aircraft One S catter toggle option is called FREE and this can be setby F8 key The F8 key will open the Scattering Object Editor so that the position of the object can notbe entered See details from S CA section WARNING All other scattering objects will be removed lt Date gt AXIS 116 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 647 gt lt Time gt Sensitive Area Erase Data for new run TE Bw lt F8 gt Length Hgt Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Refl 16 6m 16 6m 4 8m ge 6 1 66 CUdiew Width Y inc T gt ra
137. mputation Range to circle Distance from the antenna array to the orbit Level The height of the orbit only in 3D mode Min Az angle The start azimuth angle Max Az angle The stop azimuth angle Increment The step or increments along the orbit Receiver speed The speed of the aircraft receiver in knots Scale Center The graph display center in uA or DDM Full Scale The graph display full display in tuA or DDM Screen text The text line displayed on the graph screen AXIS 110 ORB 2 20 OCT 2005 Software AXIS 110 Software Orbit Cross Over Mode 2 2 Toggles 2 The toggles includes the settings for the output form of the computation A mplitude Selection between and dB D isplay Selection between graph and table E rase Selection between old and new data I ncr x Select the step increment P arameter Selection for the displayed parameter M ultiple Selection for multi radius orbits R eceiver Select receiver type C rs Clr Selection for Course or Clearance 2 3 Commands 3 The commands include utilities for data entry and software control F2 Change Activate the numeric data entry F3 Text Entry for the text line to be shown on the graph F4 FSD Entry for the Y scale setting Full Scale Deflection F6 Excel Enables an Excel readable file to be generated Note This command is seen and enabled only when the D isplay toggle is selected for TABL F10 Menu Return to main menu lt
138. mum 2NM remaining distance before threshold when the previous aircraft exits the sensitive area 20JUL 2001 SNS 1 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 Data Panel The screen consists of four main parts 1 Numeric data 2 Scattering Object data 3 Toggles 4 Commands lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR lt S N 647 gt lt Time gt Sensitive Area Erase Data for new run CF8 gt Length Hgt Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Refl 16 6m 16 6m 6 8m ge 6 1 66 CUdiew T gt rack Rx CE gt rase Orientation Scatter U orst Case CYaxis scan IO learance 3293m m 3 Bm ydJElevation angle 3 005 Threshold distance 3007m Receiver speed 185kts tatic bends 6 Gye Fig SNS201 The data panel of the Sensitive Area mode 2 1 Numeric data 1 Numeric data shows the values to be used in the computation The numeric data is divided into five group and can be changed by lt 1 gt lt 2 gt lt 3 gt lt F2 gt and F4 keys 1 Scan Scan area is the area where the sheet is moved around Begin the longitudinal start from the LLZ array End the longitudinal stop from the LLZ array X inc the longitudinal step increment Width the maximum lateral distance of the scan area Y inc the lateral step increment 2 Display Display data determines the scale and background figure of the display includ ing the graph x scale and the position of the Stop End and Taxiway X scale the maximum longitudinal distance Stop End the runway stop
139. n Data Screen is showing entered analyse option or calculated make bend op tion bend points and the numeric data which shows how the computed result will be displayed lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 Time Bend Analysis Point No Distance Bend Length 1 386m Am 2 168m 545m 3 1566m 72m Threshold distance 3007m Stop End distance 388m Projection Level Gm Max distance on amp Scale 2500m Min distance on amp Scale Gm Sideways offset Gm Description ILS system for Docum XF2 Chanqe CF3 gt Text Fi8 Menu lt CR gt Continue Fig BND305 Data Screen in Bend Analysis mode In the bottom row of the screen there are the commands available in this mode 20 OCT 1993 BND 7 AXIS110 User s Guide 4 Commands 4 1 F2 Change This command is used to change graph settings including 1 Stop End distance 2 Projection level 3 Max distance 4 Min distance and 5 Sideways offset Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 lt Time gt Bend Analysis Stop End distance lt 1388 Projection Level 8 Max distance on amp Scale lt 25088 Min distance on 8 Scale lt 188 Sideways offset lt gt Fig BND401 Data Entries F2 command 1 Stop End distance Stop End Distance lt 300 gt The runway stop end distance from the localiser array Default value is 300m NOTE This value is only for the runway drawing on the graph 2 Projection
140. ncy can be entered for localizer RF frequency NOTE Selection between 20 and 40 channels must be made in the Control Panel by Alt E hot key 3 2 2 Forward Slope FWD Slope or The average or weighted Forward Slope of the reflection plane of the first 300m in front of the antennas For sloping upwards viewing from the antenna array the FSL is positive NOTE selection between degrees 3 or percent slope must be set in the Control Panel by lt Alt S gt key 200CT 1995 SET 3 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 2 3 Sideways Slope SDW Slope or The average or weighted sideways slope of the reflection plane The SSL is positive if sloping upwards towards the FLY LEFT side of the runway NOTE The selection between degrees or percent 26 slope must be set in the Control Panel by lt Alt S gt key 3 2 4 Reflection Plane Refl Pln The type of ground in the reflection plane This parameter has an impact on the reflection factor of the ground plane and depends on the incident angle of the signal The selection of the ground plane are PERFECT SALT WATER FRESH WATER SOAKED SOIL MOIST EARTH WET SAND DRY EARTH DRY SAND CONCRETE 3 3 Printer Screen and Receiver Settings It should be noted that the settings for printer screen and receiver can filter can be only made in the SetUp Data Panel 3 3 1 Form Feed for the Printer Form Feed Form Feed selection has two state NO and YES indic
141. ng command None Printin Landscape direction Printin portrait direction Default in axis amp Print in colours Print textas graphics l Print with extended clipping options use EDITGRAF Printin reversed Black White The rmgraf line removes the driver from the memory after use Can the printout be changed in size and position The size of the printed screen is preset to 6 4 by 5 0 inches You can change this permanently to any desired size by running EDITGRAF and answerthe questions Also the position on the paper GRAFLASR can be adjusted to make sure the graph is not printed on top of the feed parameters or list of scattering objects A recommended value is a 0 5 offsetacross and 6 down Also the printer port LPT1 or LPT2 as well as the gray scale can be set by running the EDITGRAF from the DOS promtin the AXIS directory Itis recommended to select 1 level of gray scale to maintain a good black amp white contrast on the printout How to move an AXIS graphics to the word proces sors in Windows Graph screen can be tranferred to another program using windows clipboard Start AXIS from the program manager of the windows After a graph has been drawn use the F1 key to turn off the colours and then the F2 key to invert the Black amp White Press the Print S creen key on your computer to put the graph into the clipboard Open your application word prosessor Excel or any graphic program and paste the c
142. nly used definitions and abbreviations 4 3 How to use this manual The AXIS 110 includes a lotof features divided into several modules Due to the organization of this manual itis notnecessary to read throughoutthe manual so you may ignore the sections you are not interested in In any way the usage ofthe AXIS 110 is based on the site and LLZ system pa rameters thatis necessary to enter before making any simulation These parameters are entered in the Control Panel CPN so itis mostimportant to have a good understand of all parameters and functions available in the Con trol Panel If you are fairly new with the AXIS110 we recommend to read through the Control Panel section CPN before going to the run modes 4 4 Language All terms and abbreviations ofthis manual are following the English language If any other language is used the terms will be changed according to the selected language So if you like to follow the instructions of this manual while you are running the AXIS110 please select the English language by F3 SetUp in the Control P an el 4 5 Conventions This document adheres to the following conventions Bold Courier A text is displayed on the screen examples SBO Ampl FWD Dist m nn Angle brackets indicates the special keys on the keyboards examples F1 Enter P gUp 20 UN 2005 GE N 5 AX1IS110 User s Guide Note lt CR gt key is the same as lt Return gt or lt Ente
143. ntout QUAD Clearance modulation in quadrature to course 98 158 SCREEN Automatic check for best screen type for graphics Fig CPN503 The screen after hot key Z is pressed 9 add 90 to Course SBO Hot key 9 adds 90 to the SBO of the course transmitter lt Alt 1 gt lt Alt 9 gt adds 90 90 to Clearance SBO lt Alt 1 Alt 9 gt adds 90 90 to the Clearance SBO phase lt Alt A gt list antenna system feeds is used to display or print the antenna feeds in list form e 1 12 18 3 26 96 6 66 5 6 66 5 6 66 186 999 6u A 2 9 9u 6 84 96 15 66 6 6 66 6 5 18 186 6 6uA 3 7 70 16 35 980 35 4 6 6 66 6 11 74 186 6 6uA 4 5 56 11 62 66 95 6 6 66 96 26 19 186 6 6uA 5 3 30 9 66 86 869 6 5 43 983 28 52 186 6 6uA 6 4 18 3 59 98 166 66 6 28 89 9u0 9 59 186 6 6uA 6 66 6 66 6 6 6 6 66 6 268 94 6 Buf 8 1 16 3 59 96 166 66 6 28 89 90 9 5 186 6 6uA 9 3 38 9 06 9 86 09 6 5 43 96 28 52 186 6 6uA 16 5 56 11 62 96 66 95 6 6 66 96 26 19 186 6 6uA 11 7 76 16 35 96 35 48 6 6 66 6 11 74 186 6 6uA 12 9 98 6 84 96 15 66 9 6 66 6 5 18 186 6 6uA 13 12 16 3 26 96 6 66 6 6 66 6 6 66 186 999 Hit any key to continue XF3 5Print CF4 gt Print amp Form feed Fig CPN501 Typical screen after hotkey A is pressed With lt F3 gt and lt F4 gt you can have a hardcopy of the antenna feeds lt Alt B gt toggle between dB and 96 lt Alt B gt toggles all amplitudes
144. o 4096 MOD SUM BEND 34A Bendix RIA 34AF COLL 700 COLL 720 Collins ILS 700 Collins ILS 720 same as Bendix RIA 35 4 8 C rs Clr Selects the output between Course and Clearance This toggle is only shown when a dual frequency system is selected CRS CLR AXIS 110 Course selected Clearance selected ONANCO Software 200CT 2005 ORB 7 AXIS 110 User s Manual 5 Commands 5 1 F2 Change The change command allows to change the numeric data values 5 2 F3 Text This command enables a quick entry for a text row displayed on graph 5 3 F4 FSD FSD 800 400 200 100 50 25 12 6 uA The default value in the Orbit mode is 800UA for the full vertical scale but can be changed to any indicated values Move the cursor with lt Left Arrow gt and lt Right Arrow gt keys and press lt Enter gt 5 4 F6 Excel This command enables an Excel format file to be saved with the computed data Note The D isplay toggle must be selected as a TABL in order to invoke this function 5 5 F10 Menu Return to Main menu 5 6 lt CR gt Continue Press lt Enter gt to start the computation AXIS 110 ORB 8 20 AUG 1994 Software Orbit Cross Over Mode 6 Table Output The Table output gives the list of deviation with all the signal amplitudes and phases The last columns with clearance signals are only filled when a dual fre quency is used If the Display toggle is selected a
145. oint 1 SDW is entered as angular and point 2 SDW as metric 3 1 1 Approach Elevation Angle Elevation Angle 3 The defaultvalue is 3 degrees The run follows the Glide path angle down until 4m above the runway passing the threshold at 15m and from there maintains a constant height of 4m along the runway towards the antenna system 3 1 2 Threshold Distance Threshold Dist m 3007 Enter the actual distance from the localiser antennas to the threshold The preset value is the theoretical value based on the course sector width NOTE Ifflying out on the backbeam the height will always be 4 m FIX 4 20 OCT 1997 Fixed Position Mode 3 1 3 Forward Distance Forwards m lt 10000 gt The longitudinal distance between the receiver point and the antenna array along the course line This value must be positive 3 1 4 Sideways Distance The lateral distance of the receiver point can be entered either as metric or angu larvalue Dist from Course Line F2 Angl lt O0 The sideways distance between course line and the receiver pointin meters Negative values on the FLY LEFT side If F2 key is pressed a new input line will appear allowing you enter angular value Azimuth Angle F2 Dist 0 The sideways angle from the center point in degrees Negative values on the FLY LEFT side Zero means that the point is on the centerline If F2 key is pressed a new inputline will appearallo
146. on the particularrunway note 100kts 185km h ICAO Annex10 Volume attachmentC recommends 96kts or 105kts as landing speed for testing the ILS A1 6 20 JUN 2005 Appendix 1 Localiser Model 0 1 1 0 10 100 1000 rad s Low Pass Filter response 0 0o Fig A1 501 The digital filter response in the frequency domain where the cutoff frequency is shown for 10 rad sec and the asymtotic cutoff 6 dB octave or 20 dB decade 20 OCT 1993 A1 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide Thispageisintentionaly leftblank A1 8 20 OCT 1993 AXIS110 User s Guide Appendix A2 Files In the AXIS110 Table of Contents MIB zeros figo 1 2 DescnplionioF Files sus cre era pd coe eh 2 3 ThenleAL INI ut sstestt testes t E a e PR re 3 Z ThetleAL RUNS dua ite ia ax rt eia 4 5 The file ama rao tra 6 OFIESTASY poten eee piso evo eie Repas suo Ar de ab ac 7 Js The nes L2 dou meer 8 20J UN 2005 A2 i AXIS110 User s Guide 2 ii 20J UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 1 Directory structure In the single user version of the AXIS 110 the installation will generate four direc tories as follows 1 MhomedinAXISY This is the main directory including all files necessary to run the AXIS 110 2 homedinAXISYFILESY The directory for system files 3 homedir AXIS SCREENS The directory for saved screens 4 homedir AXIS GRAF The directory fo
147. ontent of the clipboard into the application by Ctrl V or Shift Ins You can also use a Windows clipping function by toggling Alt Enter key after the graph is ready drawn in AXIS Then select EDIT and MARK the part of the graph you will copy In this case use Alt PrtScreen to put the graph into the clipboard Note P rtS creen key copies the whole screen to the clipboard lt Alt P rtS creen key copies only the marked content of the active window to the clipboard If the text has been marked it must be un marked to enable returning to AXIS full screen by AIt E nter A4 2 20 AUG 1994 Questions and Answers Appendix 4 Can special printer commands be sent In some cases there is a need for sending special printer commands together with the AXIS printouts The reasons could be to preliminary select another paper tray than default or for setting another font type just for this printout AXIS will look for a file called PRTCODE and send its content to the printer together with the AXIS printout The AXIS directory has an example file named PRTCODEX which contains the Escape codes for a HP laser Ill to select the upper paper tray To activate this file simply rename itto PRTCODE Y our printer handbook gives information of the necessary lt escape gt codes for editing your own PRTCODE file Use a simple editor like the MS DOS EDLIN or EDIT to write the ASCII file In orderto write the esc characte
148. otation angle 89 to T rotation Scatter object 4 rotation Fig SCA211 Help screen for the rotation angle 2 8 Tilt angle of the sheet or number of wires Tilt The tilt angle parameter is presenting the vertical angle in the case of sheet and in the case of wire the number of wires is entered The tilt angle of the scattering sheet is the vertical angle between the object and the perpendicular to the ground Positive tilt if the top is tilted towards the 90Hz side when the rotation angle is 0 Tilt angle of reflection sheet lt gt Tilt 95 7 i5BgHz 1 980Hz RUY Antennas Reflecting sheet Number of wires lt i 99 0000 Number of wires in the given wire section IDO Antennas Fig SCA213 Help screen for the number of wires SCA 6 20 SEPT 1994 Scattering Object Editor 2 9 Reflection Factor The reflection factor is the ratio between incident and reflected rf signal The factor depends on the material of the object Generally the better conductivity and smoothness of the material the higher factor should be used Reflection factor 8 81 1 88 lt Glass metal Y Reflected Smooth metal J v 7 A 4 4 gt Ku P4 Incident k gt IDE gt gt 0 Antennas Reflecting sheet Fig SCA214 Help screen for the reflection factor A metallic grid with mesh width smaller than 0 1 wave lengths 0 3m can be considered to be as a contiuo
149. otter frequency response will influence on the smoothening of the curve Low Pass filter time delay will also yield a sideways shift of the course line and the sectors See appendix A1 for details on the low pass filtering effect 3 7 Scale Center line Graph Scale Center line uA 0 The Scale Center line is the value of the center line of the graphic screen The default value is 0 3 8 Graph text Description old text Enter new Text Allows to enter the text that should go along with the graph AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 2005 ORB 5 AXIS 110 User s Manual 4 Toggles The toggles will change some computing output settings Press the key shown in brackets to execute the function 4 1 d B or Toggles the amplitude scale between and dB Linear scale dB Logarithmic scale 10dB div 4 2 D isplay Selects between graph and table output TABL Table output GRAPH Graph output 4 3 E rase This toggle will erase an earlier calculated data from the memory OK means there are no DATA from the last computation area in the memory A new curve may now be computed DATA means the memory still contains the last results and the curve may be displayed again with altered full scale deflection FSD or another parameter Note You cannot restore erased data 4 4 I ncr x Reduce the increment of the current one in order to increase the resolution Use this toggle when there are short bends on the
150. parameters for start stop and increment values in Orbitand Approach mode The lastused values can be saved in the AL 004 file in the Control Panel Setup lt F3 gt key Contains the codes for graphic screen colors See chapter 5 of this appendix for the content Help screen figures for scattering objects with textlines Help screens for using the keys All text lines in the software divided into sections The text file containing information of the new features or changes given to each version Contains the parameters of the antenna array The MAIN file 20 UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 3 The file AL INI Comments are written italics and do not appear in the file AXIS 110 R40 S oftware ID and Release number Default setup Text to be displayed NMS06 ASY Defaultantenna system 15011404010704 Color F B Heading F B Cursor F B Screen Data 12 Screen Type 9 EGA 12 VGA 0 Model 2D 0 or 3D 1 0 Print Form Feed after graphics 1 or not 0 0 20 0 or 40 1 channels 110 30 RF Frequency MHz 0 00 Forward Slope 0 00 Sideway Slope 4 Reflection P lane Type see below 2 0 Receiver plotter response in rad s I Printer chartacter set I nternational ASCII or R oman 8 UK Language file extension CDI Display in uA DDM for 96 Meters Distances in meter Feet WORK Select top name of directory for storing files SHOW Select top name of directory for screen save files End of AL INI Reflection plane code 1 PERFECT
151. perbolic curves which represents the line on the projection level where the origin of the bends can be situated Every bend distance will have its own curve and in case of the common bend source object the curves will be crossing each other How to find the origin of the bends is described in chapter 6 example 5 2 Position Adjustments Tl gt e PgUp PgDn There are four adjustable position parameters in graph 1 Projection level lt gt lt gt keys 2 Y offset adjustment lt T gt lt gt keys 3 Minimum distance lt gt lt gt keys and 4 Maximum distance lt PgUp gt lt PgDn gt keys When pressing any positioning key the program execution goes to the adjust ment mode and in the middle of the upper part of the graph there will appear the warning text lt Position is adjusted Press CR to ReDraw gt Upper right hand corner will show the parameter and its value that is adjusted except the case when projection level is adjusted Bend Analysis Track AZ 0 67 Proj level 10m el POPC 10 DERNED padded RM sesugescegesessusseg eso notes d kiikuda Aiii adeb bMS a greseposespesesnesequesecqoesse et eee eee B nnexNeIeeiesenmeedcemg Samples 100m div ft gt e PgUp PgDn F10B8U FZ Invert F3 Print F4 Save Fig BND502 Graph screen is in the position adjustment mode BND 10 20 OCT 1993 Bend
152. ponse is normally 2 5 rad sec See Appendix A1 for details 3 12 Graph Centerline Graph Scale Centerline uA lt 0 The center axis of the graph might be offset to the average deviation value at the approach azimuth angle in order to increase the resolution 20 SEP 2006 APP 5 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 13 Textline into the Graphic Description Enter new Text Enterthe text that should go along with the graph 4 Toggles The toggles allow quick changes to some of the often used settings Press the key shown between the brackets to execute the function If the language is not English the text and the letter within brackets should be different and the com mand will respond to the new letter 4 1 d B or 96 Select the amplitude graph scales in dB or in 96 where 100 is the nominal full value in the two dimentional space on the center line NOTE The dB toggle is only effective in amplitude graphs 4 2 C AT Limit Show the bend limits 95 for Cat I Il and III NOTE this toggle will only effect the graph 4 3 D isplay Selection for the display mode of the computed results GRAPH graphicaloutput TABL table output 4 4 E rase Selection for erasing the earlier computed data OK the data in the memory has been erased and a new curve may now be computed DATA the memory still contains the last results and the curve may be displayed again with altered toggle settings 4 5 G raph dir Selection for the displayed
153. pproach mode 2 1 Numeric data 1 The numeric data shows the the values to be used in the computation The numer ic data can be changed by the F2 change command Here is a brief description of the table of the numeric data Elevation angle Vertical angle of the approach path Threshold Dist Distance between the LLZ array and the landing threshold Thr crossing hgt Theheightofthe downward extended glidepath above threshold Runway height Theheightofthe horisontal portion of the path above the RWY Stop End Dist Distance between the LLZ array and the runway stop end Track azimuth Horisontal angle of the approach path seen from the array Start Distance Thestart point of the approach from the antenna array End Distance The end point ofthe approach from the antenna array Increment step The step distance along the approach Receiver speed The speed of the receiver for low pass filtering Receiver filterThe receiver low pass filtering setting as radians s Scale center The scale center of the graph Full Scale The full scale of the graph APP 2 20 SEP 2006 Approach Mode 2 2 Toggles 2 The toggles are used to make toggle type selections The toggle panel includes the following toggles d B or C at Limit D isplay E rase G raph dir I ncr x Scale O rigin Xsc P arameter S ense A dd N ormalized Select amplitudes in dB or in on the graph Add bend limit lines to the graph Selection betw
154. r hold the Alt key down while typing 27 on the numerical pad on the right hand side of the keyboard An arrow character will then appear 20 AUG 1994 A4 3 AXIS User s Manual A4 4 20 AUG 1994
155. r graphic drivers Note homedir is the path where the AXIS 110 has installed 20J UN 2005 A2 1 AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 Description of Files After installation the AXIS directory contains the following files AL BAT AL 001 AL INI AL RUN AL 004 AL 009 AL10 UK AL11 UK AL12 UK IA110 NEW ASY A110 EXE The batch file that starts the software by first loading the The Access file that contains the registration code and enables running the software This file will be changed the first time you run the software and entering the user code To disable this file run the F3 key Setup and DELETE YOUR ACCESS CODE from the MENU This will prevent others from using the software as wellas enabling you to entera new USER CODE if you are given a new access level Contains the standard localiser setup on the Control Panel when starting the software Each of the network users have their own file in their user area for separate setups The F5 key will fetch this setup atthe Control Panel To change the contentof this file permanently run the F3 key Setup or use an Editor to modify it See chapter 3 of this appendix for the content Contains the lastvalues you were running including all error settings and all reflection objects There as a separate file for each user in the network version The F6 key will retrieve these data at the Control Panel See chapter 4 of this appendix for the content Contains the current
156. r gt key CR is a short for Carriage Return used at typewriters Italics Italics are used in general to emphasize sections of text In particular the notes and the warnings are printed in italics GEN 6 20 UN 2005 General 5 Getting Started 5 1 System Requirements AXIS110 requires the following configuration An IBM PC orany computer that conforms to the IBM PC AT MS DOS standard running MS DOS version 3 1 or later 512 kB of available memory RAM One hard disk drive with a minimum of 1 megabytes of free space One 1 2M 5 25 inch or 720k 3 5 inch or 1 44M 3 5 inch floppy disk drive Graphic screen CGA EGA VGA orHercules 5 2 User Code AXIS 110 is delivered with different access levels to run the different MODE S in the Menu Each mode has its Access Code which is included in the User Code thatis entered the first time 5 3 Program diskette The distribution program disk contains many files An ascii file FILES TXT contains a list of the distributed files To make sure that all files are included the user can printoutan ascii file FILES TXT thatcontains a file listof the disk and compare the content of disk to the printed list 5 4 New Features If you have usedan earlier version of AXIS 110 you will find new features The A110 NEW file has historical developmentinformation Any userthatdid suggestchanges thathave been carried out are named in brackets afterthe change description Allfi
157. raph Full Scale Deflection FSD 800 400 200 100 50 25 12 6 uA Default value in this mode is 50uA on the full vertical scale but can be changed to any of the indicated values Move the cursor with the Left Right arrow keys and press CR This setting has no effect when P arameter is set to Amplitude CSB SBO or Phase 5 4 F6 Excel Enables an Excel format file to be saved with the computed data The data will be delimited by TAB s Enter the name of the data file including an extension XL or txt for the Excel to read it properly NOTE The display toggle must be set to TABL in order to invoke this func tion 5 5 F10 Menu Function key lt F10 gt returns the program execution into the main menu 5 6 Continue CR Starts the approach mode calculation APP 8 20 SEP 2006 Approach Mode 6 Table display If the Display toggle is selected as a TABL the computed results will be showed as alist of the parameter values This will also enable an Excel readable file to be saved on the disk if the F6 command key is pressed Before the execution of the list itis asked if the user want to take the results to the printer Hardcopy of Results y or SPACE Enter Y or another letter if the language is not English if the results should be printed out The display will stop while the screen is full and the user is asked to hit any key to continue That will be repeated as long as the al
158. reen informs you some settings of the control panel 1 Antenna System 2 Number of scattering objects 3 Receiver response rad s 4 Printer form feed selection and 5 Type of screen CPN 26 20 AUG 1994 AXIS 110 NANCO Software AXIS110 User s Guide Table of Contents 1D est FIDIDD TERME asd e 1 2 31 3 3 1 Calculation Dimension and Antenna Array sss 3 2 2 Ste Qd a AY UO ea CR RR 3 3 2 10 perating Frequency cius OE DR a a RR 3 3 2 2 beoe be et tabo aep bnc asides 3 3 2 3 Sideways Sl0p iia i e ln ER RICE 4 3 2 4 Reflection P larg bna Te ever eas 4 3 3 Printer Screen and Receiver Settings 4 3 3 1 Form Feed for the Printer uu eso haeo roa Foie 4 3 3 2 Screen ER To PEL 5 3 55 edd aeo ea s 5 iti EFI Mata 6 4 Colour SEtiNg asia eias 7 AMC Mande Ore bti 7 4 2 Colour COdES deb ae 7 Command Panels creo me 8 5 LLbanguage F4 os iplb db da 8 52 SAVE SE SS LE 9 5 3 Delete User s Code F555iodxi a bn ea doo MA Ced ho OR 9 5 4 Save current R un Toggle settings eeeeeee nnne 9 5 5 Delete R un Toggle settings 3 2 xp 10 5 5 ANCCl vA a 10
159. reference which is normally one of the antennas either single or in the pair having the highest amplitude This refer ence is normally set to 100 The lt Alt B gt toggles the display between and dB AXIS 110 NANCO Software CPN 14 20 AUG 1994 Control Panel 3 6 4 Course CSB Phase CSB Phase 9 The CSB phase relative to the Course CSB reference signal Normally all ele ments will have 0 phase 3 7 Clearance Signals in the selected element 3 7 1 Clearance SBO Amplitude SBO Ampl dB or The relative clearance SBO amplitude for the given antenna defined as the 150 Hz sideband vector relative to the carrier vector in the reference clearance CSB The AIt B toggles the display between and dB 3 7 2 Clearance SBO Phase SBO Phase 9 The phase ofthe 150 Hz sideband vector relative to the carrier phase in refer ence clearance CSB The nominal values are 90 on the antennas on the FLY LEFT side of the array and 1907 on the other half The reference clear ance CSB is nominally one of the center pair antennas WARNING Do not use the Alt 9 to adjust a single antenna element phase It will effect to the Clearance transmitter shifting all Clearance S BO phases by 90 degrees 3 7 3 Clearance CSB Amplitude CSB Ampl dB or The clearance CSB amplitude relative to a given reference which is normally one of the antennas either single or in the pair having the highest amplitude this ref
160. ring SNeet iwi diate a eX abus OR dud 14 Bie Ad Stati eae sei oii Rel Desv derbi sas PET dr abra ads 14 5 UZ DIS Dla De aie aioe ent d eue 14 5 4 3 RX Position OF Track nb cdte edt vare dva 14 hande TS 14 BOTE ST DEXE a ar ear eda 14 BAL 14 5 8 F9 C 14 14 DeC d b C o 14 o c OmputedResulb us s asse 15 6 LGraphic Display tastes bad ad Far as cf ael 15 6 7 FUNC NODS sois tetuer bunt 16 6 2 1 Black amp White to 5 16 6 2 2 Display TIVO tOE Sicilia cont tasa vr c oe rest dan quo d us 17 623P NOUT a 17 6 2 AG PAD leones 17 SNS ii 20 JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 1 Description This module is a tool for finding the border of the sensitive area where a given object like a taxing aircraft will produce bends of a pre determined amplitude on the LLZ signals The objective is to advise the airport authority in establish ing movement restrictions for vechiles taxing aircrafts lifting cranes de icing equipment etc for a given runway ICAO Annex 10 limits the maximum bend amplitude to 15uA down to ILS point C for CAT I and to 5uA between ILS point B and the IRD threshold for CAT Il For CAT the limits are similar as for CAT with addition 5uA down
161. ro the entry is cancelled Forward Distance from LLZ Sheet center i lt FWD Distance gt Fig SCA202 Data entry screen for FWD of the scattering sheet Forward Distance from LLZ Center of Wire section i lt FWD Distance Fig SCA203 Data entry screen for FWD of the scattering wire 2 3 Sideways Distance Sdw The sideways distance of the scattering object is the lateral distance between the midpoint of the object and the array centerline Positive value means that the sheet is situated on the FLY LEFT side 150Hz from the centerline and the negative value representthe FLY RIGHT side Sideways Distance from CL fT negative Runway centerline na et eg Se l1 positive Scatter object Fig SCA204 Help screen for the sideways distance 20 SEPT 1994 SCA 3 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 4 Length of the sheet or the wire Lgt The default value of the length is 10 m for the sheet and 100m for the wire Length of Sheet Cm lt 18 2 Enter scatter objects from list Length JE 1 Antennas Reflecting sheet Fig SCA205 Help screen for the length of the scattering sheet Length of Wire section lt 16 gt Wire section Length IDO Antennas Fig SCA206 Help screen for the length of the scattering wire 2 5 Height of the sheet or diameter of the wire Hgt The default
162. s a TABL the computed results will be displayed as a list of the computed values This will also enable an Excel readable file to be saved on the disk if the F6 command key is pressed Before the execution of the list it is asked if the user want to take the results to the printer Hardcopy of Results y or lt SPACE gt Enter Y or another letter if the language is not English if the results should be printed out The display will stop while the screen is full and the user is asked to hit any key to continue That will be repeated as long as the all computed results are shown The list includes the following parameters x Azimuth angle in degrees DDM CDI uA Course deviation in uA or SDM Sum of Depth in Modulation CSB Course CSB amplitude SBO Course SBO amplitude Phase Course Phase between CSB and SBO C DDM C CDl uA Clearance deviation in or uA C CSB Clearance CSB amplitude C SBO Clearance SBO amplitude C Phase Clearance Phase between C CSB and C SBO ILS LOCHLISEH EIPIELATIFE OS Phare ik i 15 Ck tie I 7 T i n 1 8 idi z a ra 27 7 18 8 8 4 3 4 z95 1 135 8 zB 6 50 29 7 40 8 11 7 8 66 89 rye 9 127 8 19 8 83 nn 29 7 48 8 9 1 6 2 134 99 T d 7 116 9 17 8 8 13 5 5d 14 8 4H H LY 15 5 28 1 LEL F 1h A I b EM 7 7 67 5 28 8 6 57 i13 2 T i 15 2 L 14 50 44 5 48 5 152 1 42 08 3 63 FiS 8 B7 13 8 n i mA 48 97 4 5 2658 5
163. s taken into account and the displayed value of the Course Signal ADU is the actual value to be measured by an ordinary ILS test receiver connected to this test output This information is very useful for on site measurements on the system during setup or maintenance Built in probes in some ADU output sockets makes the setup and later checks a lot easier Reading between uA and DDM is toggled by the lt Alt D gt Registration info and Function keys 5 The row for Registration info shows to whom the program has been registered On the last row of the display there are listed ten available function keys F1 F10 in the Control Panel AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 1995 CPN 3 AXIS 110 User s Manual Detailed description of the F keys are given in this section chapter 4 2 2 Data Fields There are a lot of datafields in the Control Panel that can be changed The data fields are grouped into the 6 groups as follows 1 Site Data Course Transmitter Data Clearance Transmitter Data Antenna Element Data Course Signal part in each antenna element Clearance Signal part in each antenna element Du BW h2 lt Date gt AXIS 116 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 64 7 gt lt Time gt Control Panel System 2D TH CSF 13el Dual Default setup FRQ MHz 118 3 SBO Ampl 8 80B8dB CLR SBOA 8 8dB C Sector 4 08 SBO Phase go CLR SBOP ge D 8 0889 S CLR CSBA 8 8dB pe 8 808809 ThCSF FRAME
164. se toggle has been set 4 5 S catter A ready made set of scattering sheet sizes for some aircraft tails like MD80 B737 B747 and B767 The file SCATT UK contains these objects The user may add with a text editor any number of new objects to this file by following the rows and columns used for the present ones For other sizes this toggle must be setto FREE option and use F8 to enter the scattering object 4 6 W orst Case This toggle is used to set the sheet rotation step for testing through a number of horisontal orientations rotation to produce the largest bend amplitude for a currentscattering sheetlocation The increment options are 45 30 10 5 2 and NO Repeat pressing the W key to setthe rotation increment NOTE Fordual frequency systems it has been found that the worst case is mainly 90 and therefore this time consuming worst case orientation testing could be eliminated Instead press the lt F8 gt key and set the rotation angle to 90 4 7 Y axis scan FULL scan will force the scatter sheetto be moved sideways outto the S canWidth for every forward step FAST scan will scan outwards only until the first occurance of the Bend Limithas been reached NOTE FULL option will take a lot of computing time but is necessary for single frequency systems FAST option is only recommended for dual frequency systems when the receiver has a certain speed The pitfall with FAST scan is that it will not look
165. side of the centre line 5 9 F10 Menu Exit from Sensitive Area mode and go back to the main menu 5 10 CR Continue lt Enter gt key will start the Sensitive Area computation SNS 14 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 6 Computed Result The result of the sensitive area computation is shown always in the graph form Due to the time consuming computation a cursor is moving down the graph to show the present location of the scattering object At any time the computation can be stopped by the lt F10 gt key There is also CDI tone available by the F9 key This function operates as an on off switch The sensitive areas may sometimes have quite a different shape from whatone might expect There is a significant difference between single and dual frequency systems in that the latter will be concentrated in narrow simple shaped area while the single frequency system has a complex looking near field area The area size will also increase with the ILS operational category as the receiver will follow a longer track to test the scattering The part of the area closest to the threshold is very dependent on the aircraft speed and the receiver plotter frequency response For no speed static meas urements the close distance to the receiver and the side lobes from the scatter ing sheet will cause this area to widen out Using say 96kts speed on the receiv er the bends in this area will be strongly filtered out due to the short bend wave
166. t normally15m and the height above runway normally 4m can be changed to other values Start distance we Azimuth track Stop Distance LLZ array Fig APP101 Approach mode The approach mode will show how the course line and sector will change along an approach path for given errors in the antenna array It will also indicate where and how bends will occur due to one or more scattering objects in the terrain model In some cases there will be inreresting to see how the amplitudes of CSB and SBO will change alobg the flight path 10DEC1996 APP 1 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 Data Panel The data panel shows the values to be used in the approach mode The data panel consists of three main parts 1 the table of numeric data 2 the toggle panel and 3 the commands Approach on course Erase Data for new run GAE levation angle 3 889 Threshold Dist 3007m Thr Crossing hgt 15m Height above RWY 4m CGCdat Limit Stop End distance 388m CD gt isplay Theo FWD position Gm CE gt rase Sideways offset Gm G gt raph dir Track Azimuth 90 808 lt 8 88 1 x Track Start Dist 11007m lt 5 9NM L gt Track End Dist im CO gt rigin sc Increment Step 560m CP gt arameter Receiver speed 165kts C dense Receiver filter 2 rad s lt 2 1 165 CUdiew CNDormalize ap 5Bpfi MuPIrack meander OFF lt lt F10 gt Playback Screen files Fig APP201 The data panel of the a
167. t BtmHgt Rot Tilt Rfl Tested for worst case orientation in steps of Scatter objects Type Fwd Sdw Length Hgt d Btm Hgt Rot Tilt Rfl A2 10 20 UN 2005 Appendix 2 Files in the AXIS110 wire BEND Analyzing usingfollowing points on bendpattern Pnt Dist Bend Length F2key TypeEXIT U toReturnto Program F3key Getting thedefaultsettingsfirst F2 L anguagechange F3 SAV E thisastheD efaultsetup F4 RenametheW ork G raph directories F5 DeletetheU ser Code lt CR gt No Change alterableitems others mustbesetin Form Feed Rx Filter PrtChrs ThisistheSetup when starting up or by pressing F5 Set new colours H eading text back Cursor text bar Screen text B ackground D ata R estoreto standard Press CR gt to proceed Enter thefileextension country code seelistbelow Now Language W ork directory Graphdirectory F4key Selectutility F2 A ntennaSystem Designer F7key Kill CR gt to select lt Esc gt to cancel Nofilesfound Enterfilename Enter model description Sorry Y ouarenotauthorized to do this Filesdirectory F2 Common or CR PrivateF ileLibrary F2 Load F3 Save F4 K ill F5 N ew directory F6 M akeA SY file Enternew directory CR D efault Work directories Selectby PgU p PgDn Thisdirectory does notexist F8 to make F8key L istof scatter objects 20 UN 2005 A2 11 AX1IS110 User
168. table display 20 AUG 2002 APP 9 AXIS110 User s Guide 7 Graphic Display When the Display toggle is selected as a GRAF the computed results will be showed as a graphic diagram 7 1 Graphic Diagram The graphic diagram includes all information that is set in data panel Below the centerline is shown the letters A B C T presenting the ILS points specified in ICAO Annex 10 Additionally on the bottom row there are six functions available for handling the graph result ILS sustem for Docum Approach on course El 3 00 Az 0 60 Sdu Om CDI RX 4 5rad s 105kts F10B amp U FZ Invert F3 Print F4 Save F8 Scatter Ualues Fig APP701 The typical graphic diagram of the approach mode for the CDI parameter with two reflecting object 7 2 Functions The functions of the graph display are F1 B amp W Black amp White to Colour Selector F2 Invert Display invert the colours for cut amp paste purposes F3 Print Print the curve to a printer F4 Save Save a B amp W graph for later play back F8 Scatter Scattering Object Editor lt Values gt Curve Tracer APP 10 20 AUG 2002 Approach Mode 7 2 7 2 7 2 1 2 7 2 7 2 1 Black amp White to Colour Selector Fl B amp W This function is used to toggle the graph between colour and black amp white The lt F1 gt key will turn the graph into black background and white lines Repeating the lt F1 gt key will restore the color display 2
169. tance and 6 Re 1l Pln Reflection Plane Type 3 2 1 Operating Frequency FRQ MHz The operating frequency can be entered for localiser RF frequency Select either 20 or 40 channels with lt Alt E gt 3 2 2 Course Sector C Sector Fig CPN301 The nominal Course Sector The Course Sector is the nominal course sector angle in degrees When changes are made the corresponding distance to the landing threshold THR Dist will be updated The distance is automatically set so the Course Sector will be 105m at the threshold Also the SBO attenuator will be updated to a new value that will produce the selected sector width If the ADU attenuator is adjusted the course sector setting and the resulting value will be different AXIS 110 Software 20 OCT 1993 CPN 7 AXIS 110 User s Manual 3 2 3 Forward Slope FWD Slope 5 or 5 The average or weighted F orward Slope of the reflection plane of the first 300m in front of the antennas This function should be used with caution if reflection objects are presentin the model LLZ amay Positive FSL Fig CPN302 The Forward Slope For sloping upwards viewing from the antenna array the FSL is positive The Alt S gt key toggles between degrees or percent slope 3 2 4 Sideways Slope SDW Slope 9 5 The average or weighted sideways slope ofthe reflection plane Runway Sideways Slope SSL 777 2 Fig CPN
170. ted Any other key will return the program to the Control Panel This will prevent others from using the software as well as enabling you to enter a new User Code if you are given a new access level Use this before entering a new user code with higher access as this is the only way of preparing for re entering the user code 5 4 Save current Run Toggle settings F6 F6 Save current Run Toggle settings The lt F6 gt will save to the AL 004 file most settings in the all run modes like distances start stop and increment values graph scale and direction etc Not all of the possible changes will be stored on this file Use the F7 to cancel these settings 20 OCT 1995 SET 9 AXIS110 User s Guide 5 5 Delete Run Toggle settings F7 F7 Delete Run Toggle settings The F7 will delete the AL 004 file containing your own settings in the all run modes AXIS will then start up with the original default values 5 6 Cancel Changes CR No Change The Enter choice will cancel all changes and the program returns to the Control Panel without any change NOTE The Antenna Array selection is not restored if changed during SetUp session Use the F5 key in the Control Panel to do that SET 10 20 OCT 1995 AXIS 110 User s Guide UTL Utilities Table of Content 1 Brief description ofthe utilities ac ivan eren pk Ik an 1 2
171. ted Dolph Chebychev feeds Due to the automation process the AADesigner has limitations as well as it assumes a number of things NOTE An Antenna Array can always be designed in the Control Panel by modifying the present array and then save it by F7 However in the Control Panel you can not add antenna elements If you are familiar with ASY files you can write your own antenna array with any text editor When using the AADesignerthe design process must proceed sequentially step by step It consists of four steps called 1 Basic Data Entry 2 Data Accepting 3 Array Naming and 4 Array Saving After the design of all system parameters you will be given the option of saving the new system or just return to the Control Panel AX1IS110 User s Guide 2 2 Basic Data Entry The AADesigner asks you in the first phase some questions the number of SBO and CSB antenna elements element spacing given in meters or lambda feeds distribution type lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 Time fintenna System Design Module Enter number of antennas in the array SBO lt 12 gt Enter number of antennas in the array CSB lt 12 gt Enter element spacing Clambda gt CF2 gt Meter lt 08 75 22 Chebychev feeds CR User defined Enter sidelobe level 14 99dB gt SBO lt 35 gt Enter sidelobe level 14 99dB gt CSB lt 35 C F2 gt Dual Frequency lt CR gt Single
172. the scan even if the sensitive area extends outside this distance NOTE This value must be increased if the boarder of the sensitive area seems to extend beyond this width wider on the graphs 3 2 5 Lateral Step Side Increment m 10 The test process moves the scattering objectlaterally sideways with this incre ment Y inc The default step is 10m 3 3 Display data 2 The display data includes the x axis range of the graph and the position of the runway and the taxiway The Add toggle can select whether the runway and the taxiway should be shown on the graph The display data entry is selected by the 2 key number two lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR 5 008 lt Time gt Graph distances Display X range Kn lt 3588 Stop End dist Cm lt 388 Taxi vay dist lt 183 gt Fig SNS303 Data Entry for Display Settings 3 3 1 Length of the X axis Display X range m 3500 The maximum longitudinal distance from the LLZ array that will be shown in the graphic diagram 3 3 2 Stop End of the Runway Stop End dist m lt 300 The runway stop end distance from the LLZ array NOTE Other end of runway is determinated by the threshold distance 3 3 3 Taxiway Location Taxi way dist m 183 The lateral distance between the runway and the taxiway center Default value is 183m 600feet NOTE Setting the distance to the taxiway less than 100m will omit the taxi
173. the screen is se lected as black amp white The Graph Saver is used to save the graphic screen to the disk on a selected SCREEN or SHOW directory The names ofthe files will be generated automati cally and the first save is named as AXLO BAS second AXL1 BAS third AXG2 BAS and so on Before saving go to the Playback Main Menu item and select the wanted directory See section PLY The saving format is the basic language BSAVE BLOAD mode enabling the fastest Load and play back in the AXIS 110 7 2 5 F8 Scattering Object Editor F8 Scatter Note This function is enabled and displayed only when at least one scat tering object is entered This function starts the scattering object editor in a same way as in Control Panel allowing to modify scattering objects The detailed description is given in SCA section 7 2 6 Alt F8 Offset all Scattering Sheets together non visible Offset the positions of all sheets in X fwd Y sdw and Z hgt coordinates togeth er This is useful when moving a complex object that is built up of several sheets AXIS 110 Software ORB 14 20 AUG 1994 Orbit Cross Over Mode 7 2 7 Curve Tracer lt Values gt This function is used to show the exact value along the curves The point on the curve is shown with a small square cursor and can be moved by using the lt Left gt or lt Right gt arrow keys while the value of the selected parameter and the distance will be display
174. tion from a smooth rectangular area is computed as a phase shifted dif fraction from an equivalent transformed aperture Babinets principle Assuming far field conditions where the distance gt gt sheet size and antenna aperture large surfaces are not broken down into smaller ones as one will obtain the same result with a big one Fornear field conditions large sheets should be devided into smaller pieces by defining smaller sheets standing side by side or stacked on top of each other making up a similar area The Fresnel Kirchhoff diffraction integral ANDA QAI E mod 401 2 RR Where A incidentsignal amplitude at the sheet center R incidentsignal path R emanentsignal path Q incidentangle to the sheet normal Q emanentangle from the sheet normal The reflection diffraction will emanate from the center of the sheet cy Transmitter Receiver scattering object Fig A1 402 The scattering geometry forincidentand emanentsignals The double integration is made over the area of the scatter object 4 3 3 Shadowing The direct signal will not pass through the sheet Only the diffracted signal from the sheet center will be received behind it This will cause the CDI DDM value to be constant in the shadow region as there will be only one signal source with a fixed S BO CSB ratio Dividing the sheet into two adjacent half sheets will correct this problem 20 OCT 1993 A1 5 AX1IS110 User s
175. to object entry 20 SEPT 1994 SCA 1 AXIS110 User s Guide 2 Data Entry There will be nine parameters to describe each sacttering object At entry each parameter will be presented with a simple drawing as a guide The default value is shown inside the angle brackets To keep this value just press lt Enter gt otherwise enter a different value and press lt Enter gt to proceed to the next data entry Note that these entries can be edited afterwards The data inputs of the scattering objects are 1 Type of the scattering object Forward distance Sideways distance Length Height For wires this will be the wire diameter Bottom height Rotation angle Tilt angle For wires this will be the number of wires in the section 9 Reflection factor 2 1 Type of the scattering object The AXIS110 simulates two types of scattering objects sheet and wires co 00 OQ PD Selection of scattter type is made by F2 or F3 All other keys will return the program execution to the point where the scattering object was called XF2 Sheet CF3 gt Wire Section Fig SCA201 Screen for selecting type of the scattering object SCA 2 20 SEPT 1994 Scattering Object Editor 2 2 Forward Distance of the sheet or the wire Fwd The forward distance of the scattering object is the distance between the mid point of the object and the antenna array measured along the centerline NOTE Ifthe entered distance is ze
176. tries If only the forward distance has been changed the height must be set so it corresponds to the glidepath angle if outside the threshold distance The new height will be suggested but not set 3 4 1 1 Forward Distance Receiver Fwd dist m lt 3292 The receiver fwd distance is the longitudinal distance from the LLZ array SNS 8 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 3 4 1 2 Sideways Distance Receiver Sdw dist m lt 0 The receiver sideways distance is the lateral distance from the localiser center line 3 4 1 3 Height Receiver height m lt 30 01 The receiver height is the height above the landing threshold NOTE The value between brackets is the calculated height of the ILS point C with a selected elevation angle 3 4 2 Track Rx Receiver Track The receiver will start at ILS pt A and follow the extended glidepath angle elevation angle downwards passing the threshold at 15m height The receiver will continue in a straight line down to 4m above the runway surface and re main at this height along the runway down to ILS point E NOTE A threshold distance change will alter the receiver track If the threshold distance has been changed after a computation the receiver track values can be changed to represent the default values by pressing the T key Track toggle three times This will set the default values for the selected threshold distance 3 4 2 1 Start Distance Receiver start m lt 10415
177. uA 4 6uA 7 1 02 2 00 96 166 66 6 66 4 06 4 6uA 8 8ufi 8 3 06 5 13 96 98 84 6 66 4 66 4 8uA 4 6uA 9 5 16 6 17 96 72 51 6 66 4 66 4 6uA 6 6uA 18 7 14 5 13 90 51 41 6 6 66 4 06 4 8uA 4 6uA 11 9 18 3 83 96 31 66 6 66 8 8 88 4 6uA 8 B8ufi 12 11 22 1 14 96 17 23 6 68 8 4 06 6 6uA Hit any key to continue F3 gt Print F4 gt Print Form feed Fig UTL204 Typical list of the dual frequency 12 element antenna array designed by using the Dolbh Chebychev distribution NOTE The AADesigner does not compute CLR signals 2 5 2 Save the Antenna Array lt F3 gt F3 Save By selecting save by hitting the lt F3 gt the same happens as in list selection ex cept the file is saved first before displaying it on the screen 2 5 3 Back to the Control Panel lt CR gt lt CR gt Control Panel Return to the Control Panel 20 DEC 1993 UTL 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide UTL 8 20 DEC 1993 AXIS110 User s Guide SCA Scattering Object Editor Table of Contents ASDESCMIPUOM EEEE RAR Ea 1 P ere 2 2 1 Type of the scattering object eese 2 2 2 Forward Distance of the sheet or the wire Fwd 3 2 3 Sideways Distance SOW sun nta rns nn etin duisuace 3 2 4 Length of the sheet or the wire 4 2 5 Height of the sheet or diameter of the wire Hgt
178. ude and phase will be calculated with high accuracy The input parameters for every elementare type of element height Sideway distance azimuth turn Signal components CRS CLR CSB SBO and phase amplification and phase The horizontal radiation pattern is based of an approximation formula Every type of antenna element has own formula and formed so that the error in 80 azi muth angles is less than 5 compared to the original one A1 2 20 OCT 1993 Appendix 1 Localiser Model 3 Reflection Plane The radiaton pattern is also effected by the ground plane under and in front of the antenna named reflection plane The model assumes that the reflection plane is a homogeneous and straight Parameters for reflection plane is forward and sideways slope and the type of ground The reflection plane is taken care as a image antennas always when computation is selected for 3D mode Note When any scattering object is entered the AXIS110 switch on the 3D mode automatically The model DO NOT calculate the effect of the geographical geometry but it as sumes the surroundings of the airport is flat 20 OCT 1993 A1 3 AX1IS110 User s Guide 4 The scattering objects The LLZ model can simulated two types of scattering objects 1 Rectangular sheet and 2 Wireline sections 4 1 The Rectangular Sheet Vertical conducting sheets are used to model simulate the walls of buildings facing the loca
179. ult A B The receiver follows a track from ILS point A to point B A C The receiver follows a track from ILS point A to point C A T The receiver follows a track from ILS point A to point T also named the ILS Reference Datum Height IRD or RDH The Bend Limit is set to 4uA A E The receiver follows a track from the ILS point A to the ILS point E The Bend Limit is set to 4uA widening linearly out to 10uA between ILS point D and point E NOTE The second Track Option A B represents the case when operating under Low Visibility Procedures For computing the sizes for sensi tive areas in Cat III conditions this will be the correct setting The subsequent settings where the end point is closer to the runway than Pt B are for testing the theortical effect on the signals in the specified usable tracks for Cat and 4 3 E rase OK means there are no DATA from the last computed sensitive area in the memory A new area may now be computed DATA means the memory still contains the last result and the area may be displayed again with altered range or runway distance labels NOTE Ifthe memory contains the last result the data entry for scan area and rx position are disabled SNS 12 20JUL 2001 Sensitive Area 4 4 O rientation YES displays the worst case sheet orientation along the border of the sensitive area NO displays the border of the sensitive area NOTE This toggle cannot be activated unless the Worst Ca
180. unctions The functions of the graph display are F1 B amp W Black amp White to Colour Selector F2 Invert Display invert the colours for cut amp paste purposes F3 Print Printthe curve to a printer F4 Save Save a B amp W graph for later play back F8 Scatter Scattering Object Editor lt Values gt Curve Tracer lt SPACE gt CLR Add Clearance AXIS 110 Software 20 AUG 1994 ORB 13 AXIS 110 User s Manual 7 2 1 F1 Black amp White to Colour Selector F1 B amp W This function is used to toggle the graph between colours and black amp white The F1 key will turn the graph into black background and white lines Repeat ing the F1 key will restore the colour display 7 2 2 F2 Display Inverter F2 Invert This function will invertthe colours ofthe display In the colour display the colours will be changed to their complementary ones 7 2 3 F3 Printout F3 Print This function allows the feed parameters and the graph to be printed out for documentation purposes Make sure that correct printer driver Grafplus or Gra flasr is loaded before starting the AXIS 330 otherwise no graph will be printed only the text Normally this is done by the GP BAT file Note If you haven t the colour printer it is recommended to change display inverted black amp white mode using F1 and F2 keys before printing 7 2 4 F4 Graph Saver 54 Save Note This function is enabled and displayed only when
181. us surface For wider grid or uneven surfaces made of concrete or glass the reflection factor could be set between 0 5 0 1 20 SEPT 1994 SCA 7 AXIS110 User s Guide 3 Editing Objects If there are object s in the system a list of the present objects will be displayed At the bottom is shown the commands of the editor Offset all sheets CAlt F8 gt List of scatter objects Obj Type Fud Sdu Lgt Hgt d Btm Hgt Rot Tilt 1 95 411m 322m 56 6m 1 8m 26 5m 16 89 98 80 6 56 2 9 481m 247m 45 7m 1 5m 23 2m 11 89 6 6 6 56 CF2 gt Add CF3 gt Delete F4 Remove all lt CR gt CTRL Panel Fig SCA301 The screen of the Scattering Object Editor 3 1 Modify Data To modify any data of the object use the arrow keys to highlight the data and use lt PgUp gt lt PgDn gt or lt Ins gt lt Del gt keys to change the value of the data in the same way as in the Control Panel 3 2 Commands There are six commands for the list F2 Add add a new object Alt F2 Copy copy the highlighted object F3 Delete erase the highlighted object F4 Remove remove all objects F5 Sort sort the objects CR CTRL Panel exit 3 2 1 F2 Add Add command is used to add one more scattering object When this command is executed the program jumps to the data entry as described earlier 3 2 2 Alt F2 Copy Copy command is used to copy the highlighted scattering object This is a quick way to a
182. way on the graph 20JUL 2001 SNS 7 AX1IS110 User s Guide 3 4 Receiver Position or Track 3 Data entry for the receiver is selected by 3 key three and is depending on the selected track options selected by the Track toggle In case of PtC the AXIS 110 is using a fixed receiver position This may if the height is lowered represet the far field monitor In the other options the computation is made by moving the receiver position track along the glide path downward extension down to 4m above the runway and maintained till stop distance The first line of the entry screen is showing the calculated distances of the ICAO Annex10 ILS points T 38H7m 0 3293m B 4057m fi 184ibn Receiver location Receiver Fud dist Receiver Sdw dist Receiver height Receiver track Receiver start Receiver stop i lt 3293 lt A gt p 18 81 Height 38 B81m m 18415 gt i 4057 Fig SNS304 Data Entry for Receiver position track NOTE Entry for the receiver data is disabled as long as the memory has the earlier computed result Erase toggle DATA 3 4 1 Track Entry Pt C Receiver Location The default values of the receiver location represent the ILS point C NOTE Ifthe threshold distance has been changed after a computation has been made the receiver forward distance should be changed The new forward distance to point C will be suggested but not set when proceeding through the data en
183. wing you enter metric value 3 1 5 Height of the Receiving Point Only in 3D mode Height m lt 457 Heightofthe receiving point measured from the antenna array ground level This value must be always positive This parameter is only available if 3D mode is selected in the Control P anel 3 2 Error Source and Type S econd step of the data entry includes the error source and type selection First selection is the error source and then the error type The data entry of the error is started by F5 key 3 2 1 Error Source Date AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 Time Item No to be changed SBO Error lt Antenna Number lt i 12 gt Item No to be changed B 12 gt lt 6 Error source can be the SBO signal feed from transmitter or one antenna ele ment Fig FIX302 Data screen forthe error source selection Press 0 key number zero forthe SBO signal selection or the number of the 20 OCT 1997 FIX 5 AX1IS110 User s Guide antenna element where an error is wanted to simulate 3 2 2 Error Type The error type options depends on the error source selection 3 2 2 1 SBO signal Error lt Date gt AXIS 118 ILS LOCALISER SIMULATOR S N 888 5 Time Item No to be changed SBO Error lt 0 Antenna Number 1 12 gt Item No to be changed B 12 gt 6 8 1 SBO Ampl 2 SBO Phase Parameter No 1 225 1 The error parameters in case of
184. y hori zontal plane at which the DDM is zero C PHI Clearance Phase CPN Control Panel section of this manual CR Carriage Return Enter key CRS Course CS Course Sector A sector in a horizontal plane containing the course line and limited by the loci of points nearest to the course line at which the DDM is 0 155 C SBO Clearance SBO CSB Carrier and SideBands The carrier equally modulated 2096 with 90 Hz and 150 Hz sine wave Amplitude and phase defined as only the carrier part of CSB CTR Center CTRL panel Control Panel D dB deciBel DEV Deviation Same as CDI DEF Abbreviation of this section DEG Degrees DDM Difference in Depth of Modulation In this context defined as m150 m90 Dist Distance Div Division AXIS330 NANCO AX3 2 20 AUG 1994 Software Appendix 3 EImt Extra signals FRQ FSD FSL FWD FIX GEN GND GP GP centerline GP Zero GRAPH Hgt Hyper ILS ILS Point A ILS Point B ILS Point C ILS Point D ILS Point E ILS Point T ICAO Incr IRD ISO CDI Antenna Element Frequency Full Scale Deflection Forward Slope Forward Fixed Position mode section of this manual General Section of this manual Ground Current mode section of this manual Glide P ath Graphic result of the analysis Height Hyperbolic path Instrument Landing System A point on the extended runway centerline a distance of 7 5 km ANM from the threshold A point on the extended runway centerl
185. ys begin on the given position on the line 4 Mo X type headings indicate the text in run mode number X from the menu E g Mo 3 contains all textin the Orbit mode since Orbitis the 3rd menu item 5 To X type headings give the text and action keys on the Toggle Pan els in run mode number X The characters between brackets e g the A in A dd will automatically be the key to be pressed to execute the given function When the toggle listis translated this letter may be changed in the new word and the new first charcter between brackets will now be the action key However the order of the listed commands mustnotbe changed as the software will always take the first com mand as the Add command regardless of the text language and action key ithas been given There can not be two identical first char acters among the words on the same listas the software will only respond to the firstone listed 6 Exceptthe first two sections Control Panel and Menues and the Tog gle panel lists To x the text lines are terminated by a colon to meas ure a certain line length so it can match to other text lines Where itis importantthatthe length should notbe changed attranslation to anoth er language the line is terminated by an asterisk Note thatthe longest lines are not shown in their full length AXIS 110 R40 English Control Panel System ScattersA ntN o CourseSignal Clearance Signal FRQ M Hz C SectorFW D SlopeSDW SlopeTHR

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