here - SingleChips
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1. 0000 01 Line Hindou 0000 0 000 0 POL Tine 20 59 11 Bypass hin 0000 01 Liquid SpGr 1 100 Firnuare 4001 0000 Heter h n 0000 01 Tubing Size 2 375 Connecting Last message Received ok Communication port and current baud rate at the top right Individual channel boxes and their descriptions to the right of the command menu Session clock in the bottom right of the flow calculator box 15 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual PDL status information at the box at screen bottom Messages such as waiting in the last line Flow calculator box in the centre Only appears during realtime 6 4 1 New info in RTMS4 Note that several things have been added to the communications screen These are Plungerlift and smart intermitter criteria at the bottom right Estimated remaining recording days just below the used memory line in status Time remaining until the next reading next to the PDL Status Ine Casing to Tubing difference and Liquid in Tubing gallons in the Flow Calculator box The screen shot below shows a typical PDL realtime screen 0001 tnp 21 02 51 Set Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 Change Get Status Realt ine Dounload Erase Henory Send Setup Internitter Firmware Upload HC Calibrate POL Status Site ID Hen dshin Free Days Inter bat PDL Date PIL Tine Firnuare 0001 32 agama u 6 15 1998 06 06 4001 00002. SCi RTMS Heading significant to the program password Master password version 4 20 RTMS version error Top Show errors at top line path c pdl Directory current 121A1E TMP Current temporary site file comport COM2 Communication port baudrate 9600 Baud rate SITENAME TMP SITENAME is actually replaced by the well or junction name The contents of the site file describing W 39 Y 3 is shown below SCi RTMS Setup Heading significant to the program description PDL 4 Logger 60 Installed 06 04 1998 at W 39 Y 3 Description password1 User passwords password2 TempCo 65 00 0 00 Temperature compensation siteid 039Y3 36 Site ID and logger number powarnum 3902530 The Well number in Powar powarname PM39Y3 The Junction name in Powar loggertype PDL 4 Logger type meterrun 2 067 Size of meter orifice 1 000 Size of plate wet dry Wet Gas specific gravity approximation sour sweet Sweet Gas type samplerate 30 The recording interval in minutes flow 1440 The flow period in minutes shutin 30 The shutin period in minutes bypass 30 The bypass period in minutes diffzmin 00060 Differential channel calibration values diffzmax 00038 SCi RTMS Channels Normal channel calibration values Inp Temp DegF 00005 27952 0 000 200 0 Yes Inp U S PsiG 00864 28255 0 000 478 3 Yes Inp D S PsiG 00827 28177 0 000 478 2 Yes Inp Diff PsiD 00001 05003 0 000 86 3
3. SEE NS 7 1 2 Change plate meter recording interval How do I change the plate size in the program Select Change then Change Plate Size in the Communications menu Do this after you have physically changed plate in the camco A drop list will appear allowing a choice Use the cursor keys to see more choices in the popup menu A few realtime commands after a plate change will verify that you have actually changed it The correct plate size must always be sent to the PDL as it is recorded and used to calculate flow How do I change the recording interval Repeat the procedure above but pick Change Interval instead The recording interval must be entered in integral minutes 7 1 3 Files What files do mail to the office RTMS names the download file s for you If for example you have just downloaded the logger at J040K1 for the first time the data will be in a file called 040K1 001 Subsequent downloads will be named the same except that the numbered filename extension will keep increasing You should mail in the files with a numbered extension 7 1 4 Upgrading the firmware How do upgrade a PDL 3 into a PDL 4 The PDL firmware can be upgraded or changed in the field Starting with firmware version 4000 this process cannot fail unless there is a serious hardware problem in the PDL Upgrading a PDL 3 to a PDL 4 can be tricky because a communication problem during the program send can result in trash written int
4. pw2 or pw3 This file is later imported into the powar database To start the program click on DOS Programs RtmPowar menu in PdIPlot Here is an example of the typical powar file format 286d2 286d2 19971212 24 163 8 106 2 43 0 0 875 19 2 0 286d2 286d2 19971213 24 171 9 104 5 42 5 0 875 19 3 0 3 3 3 ASCII conversion Ascii files are used to convert PDL data to Powar data These are created by RTMS when a PDL to ASCII translation is requested To create an Ascii file repeat as in Winplot above but click on Convert to Ascii instead Here is a chunk of a typical file PDLASC_1D User Susan Michelle Date 1998 02 10 Time 12 15 43 Readings 3940 Interval 30 Powar Number 0000000 Powar d 0000000 Site Name 286D2 PDLASC_DATA 1997 11 20 12 11 39 2 067 0 5000 46 8 350 0 336 0 13 8 586 0 1997 11 20 12 41 39 2 067 0 5000 46 9 195 9 159 4 36 1 720 7 1997 11 20 13 11 39 2 067 0 5000 46 9 185 1 148 1 36 8 708 7 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 4 Calibration 4 1 Introduction When the PDL reads a pressure transmitter it actually sees a number anywhere in the range of 30000 to 30000 These numbers must be converted to pressure in Psi temperature in degrees or any other unit This is accomplished by the calibration process All calibration is done through communications eliminating the need to turn trimmers Included since the PDL 3 is a
5. special temperature compensation scheme applied to the differential channel only Recall that the differential channel is an independent hardware implemented differential and not the arithmetic difference between upstream and downstream 4 2 Calibration and temperature compensation An explanation is required of the fields pertinent to calibration Access to the calibration screen is through the communication menu Three fields in the header section must be entered prior to calibrating anything else Identify these in the screen shot below Connient Nodescr ipt ion Passuord1 Site Nunb 123456789 Passuord2 Pouar ID POWARNAHE POL 4 ae 6 0650 Flou Hinutes 0 2500 Shut Hinutes Diff Hin 169 Diff Hax 10 Bypass Hins Chan Type Inin THax rin Rnax Deaf 00065 11514 0000 00 0084 00 Yes 0002 Inp u s PsiG 00353 19016 0000 00 0500 00 Yes 0003 Inp D S PsiG 00221 19023 0000 00 0500 00 Yes 0004 Inp Diff Psil 00008 17000 0000 00 0400 00 Yes ENTERsEdit chan INS Hdd Before ALT A Add After DEL Delete I 00065 11514 0000 00 0084 00 Yes F2 Edit Header Info ESC Exit TempCo in the header section Diff Min and Diff Max in the header section Imin Imax Rmin Rmax in the channels section 4 2 1 Temperature compensation Before commencing the calibration process do a realtime and mentally record the ambient temperature Enter this number in the TempCo field as shown above In this example the temperat
6. these in the following screen shot 0001 tnp 18 36 06 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 Connand Henu as T Set Unit tine 0 DagF 1 Psi 2 Psi 3 Psid Erase Henory Send Setup Internitter Firnuare Upload Calibrate POL Status 0000 00 30 Suitching Enabled Tine Hode Site ID 0001 32 Flou Hode Bypass Cas to Open 0150 0 Hen dshin 0005 18 17 Tinelhinss 0000 00 30 C T toClose 0005 0 Free Days 53 Bypass Act ESD Hindou 0000 0 000 0 Inter Ubat 1 6 16 Heter Act Flow Window O500 0 075 0 POL Date 1999 06 06 Shutin hen Line Hindou 0000 0 000 0 POL Tine 18 35 44 Bypass hin Liquid SpGr 1 Firnuare 4001 0000 Heter hin Tubing Size Last nessage Received ok IMPORTANT The ESD Window and Line Window pressure values are optional To disable set to zero If anything but zero values are entered they will be part of the decision making Note that zero is the default value for both Casing to Open In the case of plungerlift this is the minimum pressure required to cause the PDL to switch to bypass This is also the minimum buildup pressure required to open when in intermitter mode Casing to Tubing differential to close This is the maximum differential C T pressure required to keep the unit in meter If this value is exceeded the unit will switch to shutin This number is significant only in plungerlift operation ESD Window This number specifies the normal line pressure window If the line p
7. to exit the header section Press ESCAPE again to return to the communications menu Select Erase Memory and Send Setup in that order The new values will be sent to the PDL You now need to return to the Calibrate to complete calibration of the remaining channels 4 2 3 All other channels Assuming that the previous step has been completed successfully proceed as follows to calibrate any other channel Highlight the desired channel and press ENTER Apply the minimum intended pressure for this example minimum 0PsiG Go to the Imin field and press ENTER The PDL will respond with a new value Go to the Rmin field and manually enter zero Apply the maximum intended pressure for this example maximum 500 PsiG Go to the Imax field and press ENTER The PDL will respond with a new value Go to the Rmax field and manually enter 500 Repeat this procedure for all other channels Exit this screen after the changes are saved and select Send Setup from the communications menu Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 5 I ntermitter Plungerlift 5 1 Introduction Intermitter capability is extended with the inclusion of several new operating modes in addition to the standard time based modes This makes possible seven operating modes listed below Datalogger only This is the default mode after an Erase Memory command has been sent to the PDL Datalogger with ESD Emergency
8. Haiting Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 Heter as Tub 0000 00 35 SCi RTHS 44 20 68 4 DegF 1 low Calculator 6 0650 Plate 102 95 aua Suitching E Flon Hode Tinelh n s Bypass Act Heter Act Shut infhin Bypass h n Heter hin Psi 0 2500 Hcf D 0 00 16 40 Session 0 000 Liqui nab led o Hode Heter Cas to Open 0150 0 0000 00 35 C T toClose 0005 0 Closed ESD Hindou 0000 0 000 0 Opened Flon Hindou 0500 0 075 0 0000 ji Line Hindow 0000 0 000 0 0000 01 Liquid Sp6r 1 100 0000 01 Tubing Size 2 375 Last nessage Received ok 16 PDL 4 User s Manual 7 Quick Guide 7 1 Introduction This chapter contains step by step instructions on how to do specific things in a question answer format 7 1 1 Erase memory reset How do I reset the PDL and how often should do it It is not necessary to reset the PDL every time you download What is important to remember is that if you choose to Erase Memory reset you must do some additional things These are make sure to download first 1 Select Erase Memory from the menu and press Y when asked Sure Y N Select Send Setup from the menu and press Y when asked Sure Y N If the PDL is an intermitter select Intermitter then any of the start choices Select Set Unit Time and click the LEFT mouse button or press ENTER Select Set Unit Id and click the LEFT mouse button or press ENTER
9. RTMS amp Pdi User s Manual Version 4 00 Lake Erie SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 Table Of Contents Preface What s new About the year 2000 issue 1 PDL System Overview 1 1 Introduction 1 2 PDL background 1 2 1 Embedded systems 1 2 2 Power consumption 1 2 3 PDL development goals 1 3 PDL highlights 1 3 1 Hardware 1 3 2 Firmware 1 3 3 Software 2 Hardware 2 1 General 2 2 Pressure transmitters 2 3 Communication cable 2 4 Battery charger 3 Software RTMS 3 1 Introduction 3 1 1 Operation general 3 1 2 About Xmodem 3 2 RTMS files 3 3 Conversions 3 3 1 WinPlot conversion 3 3 2 POWAR conversion 3 3 3 ASCII conversion 4 Calibration 4 1 Introduction 4 2 Calibration and temperature compensation 4 2 1 Temperature compensation 4 2 2 The differential channel 4 2 3 All other channels O oooooo NNN NOMUMU AA A AA WWWWNNNNNN PRP 5 Intermitter Plungerlift 10 5 1 Introduction 10 5 2 Smart mode operation 11 5 2 1 Time modes vs smart modes 11 5 3 Understanding smart switching criteria 12 5 4 Intermitter options 13 6 Using the system 14 6 1 General 14 6 3 The main menu 14 6 4 The communications screen 15 6 4 1 New info in RTMS4 16 7 Quick Guide 17 7 1 Introduction 17 7 1 1 Erase memory reset 17 7 1 2 Change plate meter recording interval 17 7 1 3 Files 17 7 1 4 Upgrading the firmware 17 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual Prefac
10. Shut Down This mode is intended for use on wells that may require it If the shutdown criteria low line pressure is ever encountered the PDL will switch production off The unit will intentionally not recover from this condition on its own This mode may be activated on flow runs with one or two actuators Timed Intermitter two cycle If the shutin time is set to zero minutes the unit will not switch to shutin In this case the cycle consists of repeated bypass and meter periods Timed Intermitter three cycle This is the expected and rather familiar three cycle intermitter The PDL will switch between shutin bypass and meter indefinitely or until the battery is low Flow based Intermitter two transmitter This is the minimum possible configuration for a smart two transmitter intermitter and the standard timed intermitter Its drawback is that line pressure D S can not be determined since the actuators are after the meter Its advantage is that a third pressure transmitter is not required since the U S pressure is the buildup pressure This configuration is shown below Flow Bypass Actuator p i p PDL 2 mi O TaD U ili f Meter Actuator Flow based I ntermitter three transmitter n this configuration a third pressure transmitter is used to measure the buildup pressure when the flow run is in shutin Since the line pressure is always known to the PDL this is a better configuration than the one described abo
11. Yes SITENAME OO1 Created by the program at download time Contains PDL data in binary form and thus is not human readable If more than one download is made a second file will be created and the extension will be 002 Up to 99 files of the same SITENAME are allowed Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 3 3 Conversions When the PDL downloads its memory contents it purposely does not translate its binary files to a human readable format If it did the download time would be up to 15 times longer and the resulting files would be huge The most efficient way to store PDL information then is in its native format This allows subsequent conversion at any time and ensures that the original data stays intact 3 3 1 WinPlot conversion Winplot is the name given to the file format that PdIPlot can interpret Once a PDL has been downloaded the Convert to WinPlot command can be issued to convert the PDL data to WinPlot data When this is done the data can plotted by PdIPlot The steps required to accomplish this are Download the unit Leave the communication screen by pressing ESCAPE Click on the Convert to WinPlot command in the main menu Open the generated file in PdIPlot 3 3 2 POWAR conversion Powar is a special database of daily average production values for each location The RtmPowar utility reads the PDL ASC file crunches the numbers and produces a file with extension
12. a master slave communications link Error checking is accomplished by the redundant nature of the Xnodem protocol Field Upgradeable When it is time to upgrade or change the firmware simply upload the supplied binary file to the unit 1 3 3 Software Comprehensive realtime display in RTMS When the PDL is in realtime mode all pressures are displayed in realtime every two seconds or so including flow meter plate combination C prime and WC Remote calibration This means there are no potentiometers to turn Record the minimum and maximum values for a particular input pressure range and the PDL takes care of the rest Built in smarts The PDL is now capable of acting in the event a low battery condition is detected If more than 10 consecutive bad battery readings are sensed the PDL will extend its recording interval to 60 minutes and if in intermitter mode will return the well junction to bypass and stop intermitter operation PdIPlot charting Powerful plotting utility displays and prints PDL recorded data Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 2 Hardware 2 1 General The PDL design allows it to mount directly on the camco This is possible because of submersible pressure transmitters This allows us to completely seal the case with silicone potting compound to eliminate any possibility of water leaks 2 2 Pressure transmitters Two models of Viatran supplied transmitters are used These are
13. ar Xmodem protocol This assures error free communication and is particularly important due to the binary download where an error can seriously corrupt data 3 1 2 About Xmodem The Xmodem file transfer protocol also referred to as the Christensen protocol was introduced to the public domain by Ward Christensen in 1977 This is a send and wait protocol using a fixed length data field It has been chosen for PDL communications because of its redundant nature The transmitter assembles the data as shown above while adding all 128 bytes and sending this checksum along with it The receiver does the same while receiving and if the checksum values or the block numbers don t agree does not acknowledge the block The transmitter then resends the block until it is acknowledged If more than ten rejections occur communication stops This happens in a bi directional fashion in PDL communications assuring the best performance to security ratio Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 3 2 RTMS files The program needs and or creates several files the extensions of which are significant All files reside in the RTMS directory usually C PDL These are RTMS4 INI This is an ASCII file which must exist or the program will not start Contains general program defaults such as the RTMS files directory the currently selected site file baud rate and communications port Here is an example of the contents of a typical file
14. ate 1998 06 08 Shutin hin 0000 01 Line Hindou 0000 0 000 0 POL Tine 07 37 51 Bypass hin 0000 01 Liquid SpGr 1 100 Firnuare 4001 0000 Heter hin 0000 01 Tubing Size 2 375 Last message Received ok The following screen contains information about the selected binary file to upload Pdl4001 bin In this case the binary file contains 27 939 bytes it is 219 xmodem blocks long and the checksum is 7ab6 in hexadecimal This information is also sent to PDL which uses it to make sure that the process of rewriting its own program is carried out without errors 0001 tnp 07 39 18 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 ag Co a a ee et Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 DegF 1 Psi 2 PsiG 3 PsiD Change Get Status Realt ine Dounload Erase Henory Send Setup Internitter Firnuare Uplo POL4001 B1N 27939 219 ab6 Calibrate POL Status 0000 00 20 Suitching Enabled Tine Hode Site ID 0001 32 1 Shutin Cas to Open 0150 0 Hen dshin 0007 04 36 Tinelhinzs 0000 00 20 C T toClose 0005 0 Free Days 52 Bypass Act Closed ESD Window 0000 0 000 0 Inter Ybat 1 6 10 Heter Act Closed Flow Hindou 0500 0 075 0 POL Date 1998 06 08 Shutin hin 0000 01 Line Window 0000 0 000 0 POL Tine 07 37 51 Bypass hin 0000 01 Liquid SpGr 1 100 Firnuare 4001 0000 Heter hin 0000 01 Tubing Size 2 375 Last nessage Received ok 18 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998
15. conomics involved have promoted the development of systems that provide production information and related data to the engineer at the office There are literally thousands of remote monitoring systems in today s marketplace Most of these are based on a known platform such as a DOS computer with some additional plug in boards Since you can t easily use your laptop at the bottom of Lake Erie the solution to our problem required the use of an embedded system 1 2 1 Embedded systems An embedded system differs from one s desktop or laptop PC and for all intents and purposes must be thought of as a black box When something goes wrong there are no error messages to inform of the trouble The program simply crashes and it is up to the programmer to figure out the problem In any case things get worse in our application because when things go wrong it is very difficult for someone to press the reset button at the bottom of Lake Erie 1 2 2 Power consumption There are two very different varieties of embedded systems Those that are optimized for control are usually single chip based which means that most system resources such as CPU serial port memory input and output ports are all built into one chip The mouse or the microwave are examples of systems that use single chip devices Some advantages are price low power relatively simple to develop Their major disadvantage is that they just can t address a large memory space The other vari
16. disable internitter Bypass and disable internitter Heter and disable internitter Stat ist ics Turn Both Yalves On Test Flou based 3 pressure internitter Flou based 2 pressure internitter 3 pressure Plunger lift Hode al lose Hindou Heter Act Opened Flou Hindou Shut infh n 0000 01 Bypass h n 0000 01 Heter h n 0000 01 Last nessage Received ok o Open Line Hindou Liquid SpGr Tubing Size 3 PsiD 0 000 04000 0 0500 0 075 0 0000 0 000 0 1 100 2 375 The statistics screen is nothing more than a count of PDL actions The example screen below shows that this PDL has recorded 8415 readings and has completed 2840 full cycles 0001 tnp 00 56 14 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 a a a Ta Set Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 Change Get Status Realt ine Dounload Erase Henory Send Setu Firnuare Up Calibrate POL Status Site ID Hen dshin Free Days Inter Ybat PDL Date POL Tine Firnuare Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 Total Poner Ons Total Shut ins Total Bypasses Total Hetered 1998 06 0 00 54 26 4001 0000 DegF 1 Psi 2 Psi 8514 2841 2840 2840 ass any key to cont inue utinthind 0000 01 Li Reine n 0000 01 Heter h n 0000 01 Last nessage Received ok 13 ne Hindou Liquid SpGr Tubing Size 3 PsiD 0150 0 0005 0 0000 0 000 0 0500 0 075 0 0000 0 000 0 1 100 2 375 PDL 4 User s Manual 6 Using the s
17. during connection and subsequent communication with the PDL The actual battery voltage is shown in the PDL status box in the RTMS communications screen Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 3 Software RTMS 3 1 Introduction The computer communicates with the PDL through RTMS Remote Testing amp Monitoring Software RTMS provides the following Interface between PDL and user Realtime flow calculation and display A means of remote PDL calibration Data translation Screen plotting AAA AA Although RTMS is a DOS program it gets along well with the Windows environment If the host machine is configured correctly and RTMS uses a serial port that no other application is using at the same time there are no problems The program has a minimum three year background in this application and is currently undergoing the necessary changes to bring it to the Windows environment Pending field testing of plungerlift operation this summer a beta version should be expected around the end of 1998 3 1 1 Operation general Individual commands are sent to the PDL which is expected to interpret them and act upon them Some commands always generate a response while others only generate a response if an error occurred in reception In this scheme the computer is always the master and the PDL is always the slave All communication between the PDL and RTMS takes place through an augmented implementation of the popul
18. e We take a leap forward with this edition of the PDL and RTMS The changes and improvements were designed to further simplify system use as well as increase functionality Some duplication of information from previous versions is unavoidable but we do attempt to describe only new features and anything that is likely to enhance understanding What s new Site file elimination As you may recall site files contain site specific variables and calibration data for each PDL Site files were necessary to ensure that if for whatever reason the PDL had lost its setup parameters they could be reset to original values easily It is no longer necessary to keep track of site files as the calibration variables and other setup information is stored in the PDL Upon communication RTMS interrogates the PDL and if it is firmware version 4000 and later it proceeds to download setup info from the PDL If the PDL is an earlier version it will prompt the user for the appropriate site file Log file elimination These files have outlived their usefulness as well RTMS versions 4 00 and later do not create log files Smart intermitter and plungerlift modes Smart may be a misnomer here It really means pressure and or flow based switching It is still up to the operator to choose the switching criteria Realtime calculation and display of liquid volume in tubin g This is shown only in the plungerlift mode when there is a casing transmitter Li
19. e open condition has not been met it will remain in shutin and check again at the next recording time It will remain in bypass until the bypass time expires at which time it will switch to meter The unit will remain in meter mode as long as the flow condition intermitter or casing to tubing pressure differential plungerlift is met If the flow condition is not met it will start the cycle over by switching to shutin IMPORTANT Smart modes share the following operating attributes v The PDL switches ONLY when it is time to take a reading If the recording interval is set to 30 minutes and it has just switched to meter it will stay in meter for at least 30 minutes v The time spent in bypass must be programmed 5 2 1 Time modes vs Smart modes There are some operational differences between time and smart modes These are There is no need to reset the unit when changing the smart parameters In time mode after setting the intervals you must reset the hardware timers by issuing the Set Unit Time command For obvious reasons the meter and shutin counters are not used in smart modes Set these to 1440 minutes prior to starting the unit in any smart mode 11 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 5 3 Understanding smart switching criteria The values responsible for smart switching are listed at the lower right of the screen Identify
20. ety is optimized for number crunching speed and memory size but these systems are a lot more complex take longer to develop and generally consume more power Power consumption is directly proportional to CPU clock speed Ever wonder why 100Mhz Pentiums have little fans attached to the chip Power is not a problem for most applications as solar panels wind generators car batteries and wall adapters are routinely used to provide it This is the reason why most of the systems of either kind are powered up constantly 1 2 3 PDL development goals So here is the challenge build something for the bottom of Lake Erie make it last for a year without recharge have it store thousands of readings of accurate pressures download all that to the boat PC in a couple of minutes and make sure there are no communication errors The simple sounding answer to this problem was to use the second variety of system above and have external hardware operate the system in totally on totally off mode Since the duty cycle is usually very small read twice an hour a relatively huge amount of power could be saved Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 1 3 PDL highlights The development goals listed above and about three years of work have produced a_ rather robust field recorder and controller Its main attributes are listed below 1 3 1 Hardware 1 Megabyte data storage area One month four channels 30 m
21. inutes 20Kbytes PDL maximum capacity is 1024 Kb Then 1024 20 51 months at above settings Low Power Record as per settings above for at least a year without recharge on a single 6 Volt 12AmpHour battery 8 programmable differential input channels Designed for use with voltage output pressure transmitters but can be used with current output 15 bit resolution The PDL can now break down a particular pressure range to 30 000 steps When 500psi transmitters are used we get a resolution step of 0 02psi Intermitter PDL The PDL is capable of controlling two latch valves solenoids The usual industry names A valve and B valve have been dropped in favor of the more descriptive names bypass valve and meter valve Three modes of operation are possible Shutin Bypass and Meter These are invoked in the order listed the bypass mode being used to allow free passage of fluids Binary download fast Memory image download No translation takes place in the PDL Up to 15 times faster than ASCI based data Programmable recording interval from one minute to fourteen days with one minute resolution Set the recording interval and the intermitter times to anything from minutes to days Flow meter capability math built in Powar ready Convert PDL data to Powar data by hitting a couple of keys 1 3 2 Firmware Bulletproof bi directional communications protocol Over 40 individual commands are combined in many ways to produce
22. mmunication port baud rate master password and program main directory Communications Allows access to the communication menu Exit SCi RTMS Exit the program and return to Windows 14 m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual Once Communications is selected from the main menu RTMS attempts to connect to the PDL If the PDL is a 3 and earlier RTMS prompts for site file selection If it is a 4 the following screen is displayed 0001 tnp 20 57 43 SCi RTHS 4 20 Dounloading Tenporary Site File Please uait Note that the system still makes use of site files although they now reside in the PDL itself This information is downloaded to the PC and stored in a temporary file 6 4 The communications screen All communication between PDL and PC is handled through the options in this menu Note the following attributes of the communications screen O001 tnp 20 59 23 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 Connand Henu TE T Set Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 DegF 1 PsiG 2 Psi 3 Psid Change Get Status Realt ine Dounload Erase Henory Send Setup Internitter Firnuare Upload Calibrate POL Status 0000 00 40 Suitching ica SE a Hode Site ID 0001 32 Flow Hode i 0150 0 Hen dshin 0005 20 40 Tinelh nzs 0000 aM 40 T toClose 0005 0 Free Days 53 Bypass Act Closed ESD Window 0000 0 000 0 Inter Ybat 1 6 15 Heter Act Closed Flou Hindow O500 0 075 0 POL Date 1998 06 06 Shutin hin
23. o the program chip Make sure the communication cable is connected firmly before attempting this Again if there is a communication failure during the upload PDL removal may be necessary This situation has been corrected in the 4xxx series firmware The necessary steps are From the communications menu select Firmware Upgrade Select the binary file from the list of choices and press ENTER when the message window appears Type Y at the Y N prompt and wait for the upload process to end Wait about 10 seconds and reset the unit in the usual manner Make sure that the version number in the status box has changed If not repeat the process 17 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual The following screen is produced after the Firmware Upload command has been issued The BIN extension indicates PDL binary program files In this example there are two files in the directory and the user has selected the Pdl4001 bin file 0001 trp 07 38 22 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 a a a TE et Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 DegF 1 PsiG 2 Psi 3 Psid Change Get Status ENTER Select file POL Status 0000 00 20 Suitching Enabled Tine Hode Site ID 0001 32 Flow Hode Hell Shutin Cas to Open 0150 0 Hen dshin 0007 04 36 Tinelhinzs 0000 00 20 C T toClose 0005 0 FreelDays 52 Bypass Act Closed ESD Window 0000 0 000 0 Inter bat 1 6 10 Heter Act Closed Flow Window O500 0 075 0 POL D
24. ord switch It is therefore evident that the PDL simply cannot fail in the year 2000 because it simply does not care what the year is Even if the wrong date is supplied by the operator it will still work Naturally if the date supplied is wrong it will be wrong in the recorded data and subsequent reports The operator however is prevented from manually entering the date as it is supplied by the host computer operating system Incoming and outgoing year information is shown in four digits The operator can immediately verify that the PDL date is correct via the Get Status command Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 1 PDL System Overview 1 1 Introduction As the acronym PDL Production DataLogger implies the primary job of the device is to record production related quantities such as pressure and flow The system has been devised to support decision making related to offshore natural gas production in Lake Erie and also to record long term production information It does this by recording flow pressures across a machined orifice called the meter or camco Pressure data is later mathematically manipulated to produce flow values Recently the PDL has evolved into a production controller as well its main task being the removal of fluids either from the well bore plungerlift or the gathering system intermitter 1 2 PDL background The gas industry has had access to gadgetry of all sorts for years The e
25. quid volume is calculated based on pressure difference between casing and tubing and approximate specific gravity of the fluid RTMS and PdiIPlot integration The installation utility automatically installs all needed software RTMS is now invoked from within the PdPlot screen About the year 2000 issue Much has been written lately about what will happen to computers when the year rolls over to 2000 The issue is further complicated by the fact that the year 2000 is a leap year This is because the year 2000 is evenly divisible by 4 100 and 400 Everyone knows the four year rule if the year is evenly divisible by 4 it is a leap year The exception to this rule is that if the year is also evenly divisible by 100 it is not a leap Which brings us to the next exception which states that if the year is also divisible by 400 it is a leap All this brings about the following statement The PDL depends on two chips for its timing functions The Dallas DS1386 RTC and the Harris CP82C54 programmable counter Date and time information is used only as a tag to recorded data All recording and switching functions are controlled by the 82C54 which contains three independent free running counters When a counter times out the unit wakes up and does something records The timebase or clock for the 82C54 is supplied by the DS1386 watchdog circuit In other words the date time has nothing to do with the PDL primary functions rec
26. ressure drops below the lower limit the unit will switch production off and will remain shutin until it is reset manually Flow Window Used in intermitter mode to specify a range of acceptable flow values Anything above the minimum is interpreted as normal Line Window There is no point of opening the flow run when the line pressure is too high This value if enabled will prevent the unit from opening unless the line pressure is within the window Liquid Specific Gravity Used to calculate the liquid volume in the tubing Tubing Size There is a little popup menu attached to this field used to specify tubing size 12 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 5 4 Intermitter options PDL 4 User s Manual The intermitter may be started and stopped in any mode All intermitter options are shown on the next screen and are self explanatory with the exception perhaps of the statstics screen 0001 tnp 00 54 50 SCi RTHS 44 20 COH1 9600 a a a TS Set Unit tine Set Unit ID 0 Change Get Status Realt ine Dounload Erase Henory Send Setu Firnuare Upload Calibrate POL Status 0000 0 Site ID 0001 3 Henld h n 0005 2 FreelDays 53 Inter Ybat POL Date POL Tine 00 Firnuare 1 6 16 1998 06 07 54 26 4001 0000 DegF 1 Internitter PsiG 2 Psi Opt ions Shutin and enable tined internitter Bypass and enable tined internitter Heter and enable tined internitter Shutin and
27. the 570 and 770 series and output current and voltage respectively The 570 770 series have proved to be accurate to better than 0 1 FSO This translates to a maximum error of 0 5 psi for a 500psi transmitter over its entire operating range 2 3 Communication cable This four conductor cable is used for communication and battery charging Three wires are needed for communication the fourth one being claimed by the battery charger positive Charger power ground and communication ground connect to the same wire The connections for both the communication cable and wired buoy are identical and are shown below COMMU LEAT LOM CHELE TRAILOR TYPE MALE SHIELD BLACK GND BUOY ADAPTOR Ji J2 i 1 ip a aS E CE E TF BM 2 4 Battery charger The PDL was designed for use with an inline battery charger The communication cable is routed from the computer through the charger and on to the PDL The charger box has ten LED s on the face used to indicate the amount of current drawn by the PDL battery The charging current is limited to about an Ampere by internal circuitry In normal operation four or five lights will be on indicating a current of about 500mA If the PDL battery is in good shape the charging current will drop after a few minutes to perhaps two lights No lights indicates a fully charged battery ten lights indicates a badly discharged battery The operator is expected to get in the habit of checking battery performance
28. ure is 55 00 degrees The second number is the drift either negative or positive in counts per degree This number should be very small usually less than one Enter a zero as shown above At some later time the second number can be changed so that the differential channel is zeroed at some other temperature Proceed as follows In the communications menu select Change then Change Hader Go to the TempCo field and enter the temperature you noted above followed by zero ex 55 00 0 00 Press ESCAPE a couple of times and reset the unit as usual 8 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual 4 2 2 The differential channel Due to slight differences in component tolerance in the analogue section of the PDL calibration of the differential channel is required prior to calibrating the other channels To calibrate the differential channel proceed as follows AAA AA In the communications menu select Calibrate Press the F2 key to edit the header section Expose both Upstream and Downstream transmitters to the minimum expected pressure range This is usually 0 PsiG Go to the Diff Min field and press ENTER The PDL will respond with a value that will replace the previous value shown in the field Increase the pressure input to the maximum intended pressure usually 500PsiG Go to the Diff Max field and press ENTER The PDL will respond with the new value Press ESCAPE
29. ve gt Flow Bypass Actuator C E pa i m lei c BU Cn Meter Actuator 10 Pdl4_m SingleChips Inc Summer 1998 PDL 4 User s Manual Pressure based Plungerlift three transmitter This operating mode requires three transmitters and looks much like the three transmitter intermitter described above The difference is that the third transmitter is connected to measure casing pressure and the switch to shutin condition is dictated by the pressure difference between casing and tubing The flow run is shown below To Casing Flow Bypass Actuator E i c z PDL Z a O P ol gi tile Meter Actuator aD Oe 5 2 Smart mode operation Assuming that the flow run is currently in shutin mode and the unit has been initialized operation proceeds as follows When the recording interval has expired the PDL will wake up and read all channels If the buildup pressure intermitter or casing to open pressure plungerlift has been reached it will switch to bypass If th
30. ystem 6 1 General The program is started by selecting DOS Programs RTMS4 within PdIPlot Once the program is started an introduction screen is displayed with the message Press any key to continue Respond by hitting any key or pressing the RIGHT mouse button The mouse can be used to emulate keyboard keys as shown below Right button Emulates pressing the ESCAPE key Left button Emulates pressing the ENTER key 6 3 The main menu After boat selection the main menu is shown Note that choices pertaining to site files are now obsolete and are listed here only for compatibility reasons KAN A A Pdi4_ 0001 tnp 20 53 52 SCi RTHS 44 20 SCi RTHS Hain Henu Select a Site Create a Site File Edit a Site File ASCII to Ponar PIL to ASCII POL to PdlHinP lot Quick Plot Conf igure Progran Exit SCi RTHS Select a Site Allows selection of a new site file Create a Site File Creates a new site file Edit a Site File Allows editing changing of parameters in a site file that already exists ASCII to Powar Converts a previously created PDL ASC file into Powar format PDL to ASCII This option is used or should be used immediately after download Allows creation of the PDL ASC file PDL to WinPlot We had intended to use this command to convert PDL data to Trend data for plotting purposes It is not active in this version Quick Plot Configure Program Allows setting up of general program defaults Select the co
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