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1. System TRAINING MANUAL Using Quantum GIS v1 8 Lisboa Prepared by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos National Fisheries Research and Development Institute Corporate 101 Building Mo Ignacia St South Triangle Quezon City Philippines NH diis 5292 Wo Preface The key thrust of modern marine resources management is to strike balance between environment sustainability and economic viability and to accomplish such task comprehensive information on the environment and its resources is essential With the emerging trend in the application of Information and Communications Technology ICT a wide variety of computer based systems and techniques have paved way and have dramatically revolutionized the way natural resources are integrated and how environmental management is practiced Geographic Information Systems GIS and satellite based earth observation or remote sensing RS are some of the important tools developed on the onset of ICT and have an extensive range of applications serving as a framework to support decision making processes from generation storage and display of geographic information to influence prediction and for planning evaluation and making correct decisions With the Philippines being an archipelago and one of the biological hotspots in the world the use of remote sensing and GIS for a wide variety of resource management applications is of substantial interest This training2. Save Edits Enables you to save your created and or your edited digitized shapefiles e Add Feature point Enables you to create and edit point features Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 14 Add Feature line Enables you to create and edit line features Add Feature polygon Enables you to create polygon features Move Feature s Enables you to move your created features in different locations in your main QGIS window If Node Tool It enables you to edit path by nodes that is present in the shapefile being edited Delete Selected Enables you to delete selected features point line or polygon Cut Copy and Paste Features Enables you to cut copy and paste features from a layer into another 2 2 3 Map Navigation Tools 9 QQ 908 V Pan Map Enables you to move the Map Area on your desired location in the screen V pan Map to Selection Pans the map to selected feature s does not change the zoom level m S Zoom In Enables you to zoom in to a particular area Q Zoom Out Enables you to zoom out from a particular area VA zoom Full Enables you to zoom back to the default view of your full map layer UL zoom to Selection Enables you to zoom to the selected feature s on your layer Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013
3. h Name the new shapefile with your desired filename and put it in your Customized shapefiles folder in your working directory You will notice the newly created vector shapefile in the Layers We are now ready to digitize points 3 Use the Map Navigation tools 9 amp 9 2 9 LP Or select view or choose your target location to be digitized For this exercise navigate your map to La Union as shown below jamas 7 580588 9 Ru NARRA MPPD 8ONARERKOOC P tre GQ te ooaeneasa Bic essc mer eo La 4 Press Toggle Editicon turn on off feature editing Notice that when the icon is turned off other icons in the editing panel are also turned off La KO PDD 5 Turn the Toggle Edit icon and enable the Capture point icon Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 27 6 Click on the location that you want to put your points on After clicking a mini window will appear Enter the required information on the empty fields Press OK You may explore the other Digitizing tools to create modify your points Note As you will notice 1 have digitized four points in my map 7 Right click on the layer then choose Properties on the Style tab play around with the Symbology settings to modify how the points appear Note changed the symbol of my digitized points into stars
4. Zoom to Layer Enables you to zoom to the selected layer s zoom Last Enables you to zoom back to your previous view on the screen Zoom Next Enables you to zoom to the next extent of the map layer Refresh Enables you to refresh the display window 2 2 4 Manage Layers Toos RARE EE PF KERDP SE V Add Vector Layer Enables you to add a vector file Raster Layer Enables you to add a raster file New shapefile Layer Enables to add a new shapefile point line or polygon MU Remover Layer s Enables you to remove a layer on your project delimited text layer Imports and displays delimited text files containing xy coordinates Hei ORR 2 2 5 Attributes Tools P Identify Features Enables you to view information contained in your selected feature Select Single Feature Select Features by Rectangle Enables you to select a single feature or features 03 Select Features by Polygon Select Features by Freehand iy Select Features by Radius Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 10 gt Deselect Features from all Layers Enables you to deselect your selected feature s Open Attribute Table Enables you to show the attribute table of a selected layer Measure Line a S Measure rea Enables you to measure distance area or angle lt a Measure Angle
5. an tfind help for this functi Oops Ms The fie for Sarea was not found S Sting yore eio ent eink tie DOE development Sperimeter ES sy Record ields and Values Operators Expression Seren Output preview You will see that in the Attribute table that the Area field is now populated Click Close 10 Right click on the layer then choose Properties on the Style tab play around with the Symbology settings to modify how the polygon appears 11 When you are finished in adding modifying your digitized lines click Save Edits icon and press Toggle Edit icon again to toggle off editing mode Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 34 Note changed the color of my digitized polygon 12 Save your exercise in your working directory as Exercise 3 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 35 EXERCISE 6 Constructing a map layout By the end of this part you should be able to construct a map like this one Region 1 Ilocos BI La Union al IBI Pangasinan 0 75 150m conta Stem rari ty Geos Von Yi u ici pon 6 1 Data Preparation and Visualization 1 Create a new project Add Provinces_Ed
6. 2 3 Installing QGIS Repositories The Plugins tab contains a list of all locally installed Python plugins as well as plugins available in remote repositories 1 In the Menu bar click Plugin Fetch Python Plugins Repositories Add Carson Farmer s http www ftools ca cfarmerQgisRepo xml Aaron Racicot s http qgisplugins z pulley com Barry http www maths lancs ac uk rowlings Qgis Plugins plugins xml Martin http mapserver sk wonder qgis plugins sandbox xml GIS Lab info http gis lab info programs qgis qgis repoxml Volkan Kepoglu s http ggit metu edu tr volkan plugins xml Bob Bruce s http www mappinggeek ca QGISPythonPlugins Bobs QGIS plugins xml Sourcepole http build sourcepole ch qgis plugins xml Dimitris Kavroudakis http www dimitriskgr qgis plugins xml Gis plugins nl http www gis plugins nl pyqgis Benoit http www bc consult com free plugins xml Gov fr http piece jointe carto developpement durable gouv fr NAT002 QGIS plugins plugins xml Friuli Venezia Giulia Region http irdat regione fvg it download pluginsQGis plugins xml Catais http www catais org qgis plugins xml Kappasys http www kappasys org qgis plugins xml Karlinapp http karlinapp ethz ch python_plugins python_plugins xml Servizio Bacini Montani http www bacinimontani provincia tn it qgis plugins xml Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013
7. Edit View Layer Settings Plu New Project CtrieN Open Project Open Recent Projects Save Project Cti s 0 Save Project As Ctri Shift S Save as Image 20 NewPrintComposer Ctri P E omposer Manager Print Composers O exit 2 Once your Composer Manager shows click Add then Rename Composer 1 into your desired title i e Map layout for Region 1 then Click OK Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 43 Composer manager Comparer t 3 Anew window like the one shown below should open This is your main Map Layout window Wap iayout for Region 7 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 44 Opening the Composer Manager provides a blank canvas where you can add the current map view in your main QGIS window legend scale bar and labels On the right of the Composer Manager window you can see two tabs Composition and Item Properties The Composition tab allows you to set the paper size paper orientation and resolution of your map The Item Properties tab on the other hand displays the properties of your currently selected map element legend sale bar label etc You can add multiple elements on your map canvas It means that you can add more than one map view and legend in your composer 6 3 Pla
8. Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 19 The plugins wil be installed to qgis python plugins cose b In the Plugins tab type Table Manager in the Filter and then click Install plugin o Plugin installed successfully 5 Click on Vector in the Menu Bar then choose Table Manager Table Manager Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 20 6 Choose the Fields that we will not use We should have retained the PROVINCE and REGION fields Click on Delete and a pop up window will appear Click Yes B Move Up P Move Down PROVINCE REGION Are you sure you want to remove the following fields 10 0 ISO NAME 0 ID 1 NAME_1 NL_NAME_1 VARNAME 1 TYPE_1 ENGTYPE_1 7 Click on Save As and save the new file Provinces Edited on Vector Customized shapefiles Choose WGS 84 as your coordinate system Note You may save your shapefiles based on your desired filename 8 Click Close Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 21 9 You will notice the new shapefile in the Layers Checkthe attribute table of the new shapefile layer You will notice that the only remaining field are the PROVINCE and REGION New shapefile created after the attributes of the Province were edited using the Table Manager 10 To remove the old shapefile right click on the Pr
9. and changed its color into blue green Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 28 8 When you are finished in adding modifying your digitized points click Save Edits icon and press Toggle Edit icon again to toggle off editing mode 5 2 CREATING vector lines digitizing lines 2 Lines multiple coordinates x1 y1 x2 y2 x3 xn and so on The parts between each point are considered line segments They have a length and the line can be said to have a direction based on the order of the points 1 Click the New Shapefile Layer icon For the Type option choose Line instead of Point In the Specify CRS tab choose WGS 84 UTM Zone 51 N Note 1 Unlike WGS 84 WGS 84 UTM Zone 51 N is a Projected Coordinate System PCS meaning that the unit of its coordinates is in meters instead of degrees We will use this in digitizing lines and polygons since we will be dealing with length and area Note 2 Even though we are using two different coordinate systems in a similar project we need to project it in a similar layout Click on Settings in the Menu Bar click Project Properties and choose the Coordinate Reference System CRS Tick on the box beside the Enable on the fly CRS transformation and then click OK teen m X tem Enable on the fly CRS transformation ete M H of thr
10. fil PROVINCE pelete cases options eptiore 8 2 Restrict charges to common properties save 4s Default load style As default there will always an empty class on the field Click on it and then click also the Delete classes tab Click Apply then OK Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 41 aw coe utes X crea recht Temm mio Legend pe Unique ale Tarsparency 0 Clasifcaton fed PROVINCE Add dess Reset Cors Tocos erte Late locos Sur defaut von oz X Restrict changes to common properties Save style a po ion sess pm Eee ess RR Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 42 6 2 Preparing the Layout using Composer Manager The Composer Manager is a QGIS feature that provides improved map layouts and printing capabilities It allows the user to add map elements such as the QGIS map canvas legend scale bar images and text You can adjust the size and the position of each element as well as the properties of your map layout The output can be exported as an image or an SVG file or printed Using the Composer Manager 1 In the main menu select File Composer Manager This window should appear Quantum GIS 1 80 Lisboa 0 File
11. image below should appear 4 Transformation settings Transformation type Linear Resonping method Nearest neighbour Choose the Default options Compression none 5 Create world file 75 georeferenced raster on your desired destination Generate pdf map x folder Generate pdf report to choose your y Set Target Resolution desired coordinate system 280 appropriate Use 0 for transparency when needed Load in QGIS when done Co cre orm 8 Save your exercise in your working directory as Exercise 2 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 17 EXERCISE 4 Displaying Editing and Querying Vector Data Vector data can either be 1 points 2 lines or 3 polygons that are used to represent actual geographic areas They are usually files that end with shp 1 Create a new project 2 In the Layer tab choose Add vector layer icon Go to GIS Training Directory Vector Reference shapefiles and choose the file Provinces A map of the Philippines showing each of the provinces will appear on your main QGIS window WF BPPA 004 90809 92AOOO Pe t an N eae heute SRERee eos enes L5 3 Right click this layer panel then choose Open attribute table ax Zoom to Layer Extent Show in Overview E Remove Set Layer CRS Set P
12. is georeferenced GIS uses overlays to determine the relationships between different maps from a similar location A captured map of General Santos City using Google Earth needs to be given a spatial attribute as how it should be appearing over a map with an established location The scanned map of General Santos City will only overlay properly if it is georeferenced to the known spatial location of General Santos City in the world 1 Create a new project 2 In the Layers Menu choose Add Raster Layer icon V Go to GIS Training Directory gt Raster gt Non Rectified and choose the file General Santos 3 Observe the coordinates of the scanned map located on the bottom of the image Also examine the portion in the status bar which indicates the Coordinate system followed in creating the map 4 Bring out the Georeferencer tool by clicking Raster gt Georeferencer gt Georeferencer Or simply look for and click this Georeferencer icon You should see the window as shown below This is your Georeferencer window Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 Gecreerencer as Fe View Senge D og owt 7 5 In the Georeferencer window click Add Raster Layer icon and add the similar image loaded in your QGIS window When a Coordinate Reference System Selector window pops up it asks you to define the projection sy
13. manual was produced to provide an introduction to Geographic Information System GIS its importance and its application to fisheries management More importantly it offers a step by step guide on the fundamental functions of Quantum GIS with its latest version v1 8 Lisboa It is structured with numerous illustrations based on actual use of the software which will serve as the principal learning devices backed up only with textual descriptions for easy comprehension and application The authors are aware that this comprehensive tutorial is likely to contain small inaccuracies variations and misconstruction The references and resources provided could offer additional information Our aim is that readers will involve themselves and will share information methods insights and learning techniques with others in order that all will gain from experiences in enhancing the forming of future GIS professionals in the fisheries sector Any comments and suggestions on the content of this manual are very much welcome Moreover if you have any questions regarding the use of Quantum GIS v1 8 Lisboa you may contact the authors at graceousvonyip yahoo com ph and santos yahoo com Copyright 2013 G V Yip and M Santos All Rights Reserved No part of this manual may be reproduced stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by means electronic mechanical photocopying recording scanning or otherwise without th
14. map units and Map units per bar units Always take note that the Segment size 1 0200 unita Map unite per bar Loy unt iens H zaam 2 measurements in your scale bar depends on the map the Map panel Always choose your main nap map which is the first map that you put in the Alignment Left main layout Heght Sm 3 Explore the other panels in the Item une wit Lomm Properties tab Do not forget to indicate the unit label abel space 5 00 mm ox space 100mm Unit label len Adding grid on your main map 1 Click on your main map 2 In the Item Properties tab click on Grid 3 Tick the box beside the Show grid and Draw annotation labels 4 Choose Cross as your grid type Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 49 5 The values for the Intervals X and Y depends on your preference Just retain the values for Offsets X and Y 6 The Cross and Line Widths should be 0 Exporting Saving your map When you are satisfied with the layout of your map you can export your map as images PDF or SVG file You can also produce a hard copy of your map You can view all of the saving options in the File Menu or you can simply click on the icon in the acl Toolbar Click Export as Image to export your map into an image file click Export as PDF icon to export your map into a PDF and click Export as SVG icon
15. 11 III Displaying Capturing and Editing GIS data e Quantum GIS like any other GIS softwares is generally used for viewing querying editing composing and publishing electronic maps EXERCISE 1 Capturing Raster data from Google Earth Google Earth is widely used Google software that allows you to travel the world through a virtual globe and view satellite imagery maps terrain 3D buildings and much more In fisheries the main use of Google Earth is to observe and capture images of places along the coastal border and the oceans 1 Open Google Earth On the Search window click the box on the Fly to tab Type in General Santos City and click the Magnifying glass icon 2 Click File gt Save Save Image Save your image as General Santos in the GIS Training Directory gt Raster Non Rectified Note Always remember where you save your files Do not close your Google Earth window yet as it will be used in other exercises Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 12 EXERCISE 2 Displaying Raster data Raster data are simply pictures images or photographs that are produced using cameras scanners or through airplane or satellite Screenshots of maps from Google Earth are also considered raster data 1 Open your Quantum GIS v1 8 Lisboa 2 Click the Settings tab and select Project Properties Choose General tab and in the Project title field
16. Ome E m A vacca Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 29 2 Remove the default attribute 3 In the Name field add Boat Name with text data type 4 Add another attribute named Distance Travelled with decimal number data type and then click OK 5 Name your new vector layer with your desired filename 6 Click on Toggle Editing and using the Capture line icon t trace the direction of your choice 7 When you think you are done right click anywhere on your screen A mini window will appear Type any boat name but leave the Distance travelled field blank Click OK Distance t 8 To populate the Distance travelled field right click on the layer and choose the Open Attribute Table Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 30 9 On the list of icons below press the Invert Selection icon to select all the rows Next click the Open Field Calculator E which opens a new window Tick Update Existing Field and choose Distance t in the drop down menu In the Function List select Geometry and then double click length Notice in the Output Preview that the distance is now populated with distance measurement based on your specified coordinate system which is in meters Click OK 8 Orly update selected features C create anew field Output fi
17. c Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 32 2 Remove the default attribute 3 In the Name field add Fishing ground with text data type 4 Add another attribute named Area with decimal number data type and then click OK 5 Name your new vector layer with your desired filename 6 Click on Toggle Editing and using the Capture polygon 4 trace the direction of your choice 7 When you think you are done right click anywhere on your screen A mini window will appear Specify the Fishing ground but leave the Area field blank Click OK 8 To populate the Area field right click on the layer and choose the Open Attribute Table 9 On the list of icons below press the Invert Selection icon E to selectall the rows Next click the Open Field Calculator 8 which opens a new window Tick Update Existing Field and choose Area in the drop down menu In the Function List select Geometry and then double click area Notice in the Output Preview that the area is now populated with area measurement based on your specified coordinate system which is in square meters Click OK Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 33 X Only update selected features C create a new field esinti Output field type Whde number integer v ouput fec wet 15 FS Preason 2
18. d file to map and then click 5 Move your mouse cursor to your saved layer Right click and select Properties gt Style tab Click on Old Symbology Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 38 Eres equo EF vagare Sinks unt Miner m rcu gore Change Advanced saveas stie Saved sites sie manages remera Load sve s save sive E der tp When you click Old Symbology a window appears as shown below Click Yes eo Do you wish to use the original symbology implementation for this layer Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 39 A new window appears click the drop down arrow on the Legend type and choose Unique Value LONE CNN E acors TNCS Single Symbol Transparency 0 Q New symbology Srde Graducted Symbol aLI DEB os Restore Default Sole Save Ae Defaut Save ste On the Classification Field click on the drop down arrow and choose PROVINCE Click Classify The four provinces in Region 1 should be enumerated with their unique colors assigned Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 40 Fines reme Qos loaves Legend type nue Ye res Canton
19. d location on your map layout A default legend shown below will appear which is based on your main QGIS window 2 As you will notice there are legend items which are not laand needed We only wanted to retain the main provinces in Region 1 3 In the Item Properties Legend items tab click the check box on the row of Region 1 base map The title is based on the shapefile in your QGIS window It does not necessarily mean that similar title will appear on your legend items The provinces in Region 1 will be showed Region 1 base map lows Norte Bill 100 Sur Bl La Union Pangasinan 4 Click on the Region 1 base map then click icon below A new window will appear and in the Item text tab just delete the text Region 1 base map then click OK You will notice that the Legend of in your map layout will be updated Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 48 4 Legend item properties Item text Region 1 base map Ca 5 Next click on the Provinces then click the Legend layer in the General tab icon to delete it You may also edit Creating Scale bar 1 Click Add new scale bar icon on your map layout A default scale bar will appear m EESTI parii X 2 The image on the left shows the default values shown in the Item Properties tab of your scale bar Discover on what values you want to input on the Segment size
20. de of your screen Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 46 sco E E a n 2 Find and choose your preferred North Arrow icon in the Preview panel 3 Position your North Arrow anywhere you want If you want to remove the frame of your North arrow click General Options on the Item Properties tab and un tick the box of the Show frame You can also explore and edit the frame and background colors Note You can import your own North Arrow using any image in PEG PNG format or in SVG Discover how vedi m Frame calor E g Opacity 2 Serbis Dutinewath 0 0 15 Geri m eis ard sve Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 47 Creating Map Title Labels 1 Click Add new label icon and click on your desired location on the map layout You will notice the default label Quantum GIS 2 In the Item Properties Label tab you may edit your label font style size and color based on your desire Similarly you may edit the label layer in the General options tab 3 You may also add other labels in your map like the Coordinate System used your name and the date that the map was created Creating Legend 1 Click Add new legend icon click on your desire
21. e permissions of the authors Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 ACKNOWLEDGMENT In writing this manual we fully acknowledged our National Stock Assessment Program NSAP and Genetic Fingerprinting Laboratory GFL families for their scientific and remarkably keen pieces of advice We also acknowledge some exceptionally important contributions Mr Francis Greg Buccat of Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources I BFAR RO I and Mr Al Jayson G Songcuan who provided insights on what must be included in this manual Ms Marie Christ Apit of the PMED division of the National Fisheries Research and Development Institute NFRDI who provided substantial help in identifying some of the major errors that needs to be polished We also owe a huge debt to Mr Melchor M Jacinto who helped the authors in the visual features of the manual including the front cover with his usual knack Ms Emma Rose Nazareno and Mr Amor M Damatac Il laid out its pages with amazing speed and composed efficiency dealing effortlessly on the texts for obscurities corrections and errors Ms Irma U Destura who kept us conscious of our readers and their needs and reactions We thank them all not only for their professional skills and dedication and for efficiency far surpassing our own but also for their unfailing friendship they have made it a pleasure to work on the manual Lastly we offer our sinceres
22. eld type Whale number integer Output feld with rection 0 Oops QGIS can t findhelp for this function The fie for length was not found Connie Ifyou wouid ike to create t contact the QGIS development ring team Fields and Values psie Sete Expression Sergi Output preview 77555 1798441069 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 31 You will see that in the Attribute table that the Distance Travelled field is now populated Click Close 10 Right click on the layer then choose Properties on the Style tab play around with the Symbology settings to modify how the line appears 11 When you are finished in adding modifying your digitized lines click Save Edits icon and press Toggle Edit icon once again to toggle off editing mode Note 1 changed the symbol of my digitized line 5 3 CREATING vector polygon digitizing polygon 3 Polygons when lines are strung together by more than two points with the last point being at the same location as the first we call this a polygon A triangle circle rectangle etc are all polygons The key feature of polygons is that there is a fixed area within them QGIS 1 7 3 user manual 1 Click the New Shapefile Layer icon For the Type option choose Polygon Again in the Specify CRS tab choose WGS 84 UTM Zone 51 N Introduction to Geographi
23. iewing our QGIS Dataset A Dataset is an integrated collection of logically related records or files that is stored in a computer which consolidates records previously stored in separate files into a common pool of record that provides data for many applications The structure is achieved primarily by ORGANIZING the data in a relational model Tatlonghari 2009 In simple terms a database is an ORGANIZED collection of information where you can quickly select desired pieces of data Let us now view our QGIS Dataset J GIS Training Directory Raster Exercises J Vector Non Rectified J Customized shapefiles L Ji Rectified Reference shapefiles Country Regions e Provinces Municities Barangays J Constructed maps Note The QGIS Dataset will be provided before the start of the training It may serve as your filing system for your future mapping Goodluck Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 II Introduction Quantum GIS which is often abbreviated as QGIS is a cross platform FREE and OPEN SOURCE desktop Geographic Information Systems GIS application that provides data viewing editing querying and analyzing capabilities It has several plugins adding different functions and processes which enable users to create simple to complicated maps Since QGIS mainly relies on community support and voluntary develope
24. ited from Vector gt Customized shapefiles 2 Move your mouse cursor to the Provinces_Edited layer Right click and select Properties gt Style tab Click on the Change tab Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 36 anes Eres D p F single Symbol Une inetr S gore Change Advanced save as stve Saved styles ste anager Restore Default sive Save As Defaut losiste Save n cones ool tp A new window will appear On the Color row click change Pick a color you prefer Then click OK You will be directed to the previous window Click Apply and then click OK Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 37 Symbol layer type Symbol layer properties Cor 8 change Seid ine 0 26007 0 0000 000000 3 We want to separate the provinces in Region 1 You may do it by using Attribute table and type in the Search box Ilocos Region Always remember to un tick the Case sensitive box for easier searching 4 We want to create a separate shapefile of our selected Provinces Click on the Layer tab in the Menu bar and click on Save Selection as Vector file Click on Browse and save your vector in your GIS Training Directory gt Vector gt Customized shapefiles Tick the box beside Add save
25. l Sur Aklan albay Bicol Region 8 Antique Western Visaya Avaveo Cordillera Admi b Close the Attribute Table c You will notice in the main QGIS window that La Union is highlighted in the Philippine map DOO retann aR s SO r d Right click the Provinces Edited layer and then choose Save Selection As A new window will appear Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 24 Click Browse and save the shapefile in the Vector Customized shapefiles folder with the filename La Union Choose WGS 84 Click OK 13 Save your exercise in your working directory as Exercise 2 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 25 EXERCISE 5 Introduction to Digitization Digitization is a method of capturing data which involves the conversion of data in analogue form such as maps and aerial photographs into digital form that is directly readable by a computer 5 1 CREATING vector points digitizing points Vectors are way of describing a location by using a set of coordinates Each coordinate refers to a geographic location using a system of x and y values Vector data takes forms each progressively more complex and building on the former 1 Points A single coordinate x y represents the discrete geographic location In fisheries mapping for the Natio
26. nal Stock Assessment Program points can be used to represent landing centers payao sites location of fish markets and other more 1 Click File New Project Then click on Add Vector Layer icon Go to GIS Training Directory gt Vector gt Customized shapefiles and choose the file Provinces Edited 2 In the main menu click Layer New New Shapefile Layer You can also click on ILI New Shapefile Layer icon Amini window will appear see figure on a Hem the right asking the feature type and m attributes you want in your new shapefile Neve a Choose Point as feature type ne een n b In the Specify CRS tab choose WGS 84 As you will notice in the Attributes list there is a default attribute named id 77 Click it and then click the Remove 5 em s attribute tab d In the Name menu in the New Attribute panel type your desired attributes name i e landing center e Choose the type of attribute on the drop SJc down menu Text Whole number or decimal number Then click on the Add to Attributes list tab Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 26 f Repeat the process if you want to add more attributes that will be represented by your shapefile Otherwise click OK g new dialog box will appear asking the destination folder of the new shapefile you created
27. nning and making your map Layout 1 Decide the general layout of the map that you will construct You should recall the basic elements of the map and plan on where you want to put them in your layout 2 Create a placement box for your main map a Click and drag Add new map icon by creating a box from the top left of the document to the lower right portion of the window b Your main map in your QGIS window should show similar map in your Composer manager window as shown below Always note that ALL THE CHANGES that you do on your main QGIS window will also apply in your Composer window Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 45 3 You may explore the basic tools icons in your Composer window Note that all map elements are scalable Their sizes can be changed and how you want them to appear can also be manipulated Creating a Map Inset A map inset shows the relative location of your main map to a larger geographical map Click and drag a smaller box using the Add new map icon gt The new box shall serve as the placement for your map inset Using your mouse wheel estimate the zoom level according to what geographical location you want to showcase in the inset ote CAR On rks Creating a North Arrow 1 Click the Add image icon and click anywhere on your map layout A set of icons should appear on the right si
28. ovince layer then click Remove Layers 8 d Zoom to Layer Extent Show in Overview Set Layer CRS Set Project CRS from Layer Open Attribute Table Toggle Editing Save As Save Selection As Quer Show Feature Count Properties Rename Copy Style Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 22 11 To search fora feature right click on the layer and choose Open Attribute Table ayes ex EXE Em d Zoom to Layer Extent Show in Overview Remove Set Layer CRS Set Project CRS from Layer Toggle Editing Save As Save Selection As Query 12 As you will notice a lot of information is provided in the Attribute Table We do not have to manually search for the feature that we want For our exercise let us look for the location of La Union in the Philippines Type La Union in the Look for Search box and then change the field type into Provinces Click Search Note Always un tick the Case Sensitive box for easier searching Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 23 Saving a selected vector feature into another Shapefile E a To locate your selected feature click Move selection to top icon The selected feature will be highlighted and will be moved to the top of the attributes Agusan de
29. roject CRS from Layer Open Attribute Table Toggle Editing Save Save Selection As Query Show Feature Count Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 18 You should see something like this NAMEO Y L NAME 1 Teti ENGTYPEL Philippines T Abra Laiswigan Prob Province Philippines 2 Agusan de Nore Lalawigan Prab Province Philippines 3 Agusen de Sur Lalowigan Prab Province Philippines 4 Alien Laswigan Prob Province Philippines 5 Albay Lalawigan Prob Province J 4 As you notice on the attribute table there are details that are not essential for future mapping We will limit the data to what will be most useful for us Ez Coriles Adi NL Laissigan Pros 2 Agusan del on NULL rvinee Agusan del Note Carag Regions 3 NUL Lm LawpenPr Provee Apuem elsur Corage Region Prince d fen Tn Province Aken Weser 4 1 Installing the Table Manager The Table Manager is a plug in feature of Quantum GIS You have to fetch it in the Plugins Menu since it will not be available in the default plugins of Quantum Gis a Click Plugins gt Fetch Python Plugins Anew window will appear Manage Plugins Python Console GRASS E OpenLayers plugin Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous
30. rs it does not have sufficient documents and sometimes not intuitive to use 2 1 Quantum GIS v1 8 Lisboa Main Window 956987 00 eraga z uM E Major areas of a Quantum GIS interface zm er ee s RR A Menu Bar This contains the standard command systems Just like your ordinary office software or applications B Toolbar This contains all the commands in the Menu Bar but in simplified forms C Layers Table of Contents This shows the list of ALL data loaded in QGIS Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 D Map Area E Status Bar This provides you complementary information such as spatial extent scale current coordinates of your cursor which is interactive and self updating whenever you move your mouse 2 2 Quantum GIS Basic Toolbars 221 FileToos 1 t4 a New Project Enables you to create new projects EA open Project Enables you to open created projects in QGIS l save Project Enables to save created projects save Project As Enables you to save created projects in another filename New Print Composer Enables you to open a new map composer Composer Manager Enables you to open the Composer Manager 2 2 2 Digitizing Tools 9 fy gt fx o Toggle Editing Enables you to activate deactivate the other digitizing tools
31. s to export your map into an SVG file CONGRATULATIONS FOR HAVING YOUR FIRST MAP End Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 50 REFERENCES Godilano E C 2005 Analysis of Remotely Sensed Data Department of Agriculture Bureau of Agricultural Research Philippines Nicopior S 2012 GIS Training Exercises using Quantum GIS V1 8 Lisboa University of the Philippines Los Ba os UPLB Environmental Society Los Ba os Laguna Philippines Sherman G T Sutton Blazek S Holl Dassau T Mitchell B Morely and L Luthman 2007 Data Presentation Technique Mapping Quantum GIS User Guide Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center SEAFDEC Samut Prakan Thailand Tatlonghari RJ 2009 Basic GIS Training using Quantum GIS For multi hazard mapping of selected Barangays in Camarines Sur and Catanduanes Albay Bicol Philippines Wang Q 2011 Creating Maps in QGIS a Quick Guide University of Waterloo Ontario Canada Internet sources http en wikipedia org wiki Georeference http gothos info 2012 08 adding a scale bar in the qgis map composer www phil gis net Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013
32. stem that you should use Choose WGS 84 and press OK 6 In georeferencing we try to locate at least 4 control points which will represent the four corners of our map Go back to Google Earth and list the four control points that you selected each point corresponding to XY coordinates The image below shows that I used the four corners of the map in Google Earth If ever you have moved the reference map in Google Earth you may choose points that can be found in both maps You may also increase the number of control points for more accurate results Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 7 Now click the Add point icon and zoom in to your chosen points on the map After clicking a pop up window will appear as show below Enter required inputs 4 Enter map coordinates Leea Enter X and Y coordinates DMS dd mm ss ss DD dd dd or projected coordinates mmmm mm which correspond with the selected point on the image Alternatively dick the button with icon of a pencil and then dick a corresponding point on map canvas of QGIS to filin coordinates of that point X 120 0000 Y 14 0000 Snap to background layers From map canvas Cancel 8 After entering the 4 control points proceed by clicking Start georeferencing icon Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 16 The
33. t gratitude to God for giving us enough strength patience and knowledge in accomplishing this manual The grace to start and to finish the manual and for providing us unparalleled wisdom and immeasurable graces no one can contain The authors honor and praise you forever Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Title Page 1 Preface 2 Acknowledgment 3 1 Viewing our QGIS Dataset 5 Introduction 6 2 1 Quantum GIS v1 8 Lisboa 6 2 2 Quantum GIS Basic Toolbars 7 2 2 1 File Tools 7 7 8 24 9 2 2 5 Attributes Tools 9 2 3 Installing QGIS Repositories 10 Displaying Capturing and Editing GIS data 11 EXERCISE 1 Capturing Raster data from Google Earth 11 EXERCISE 2 Displaying Raster data 12 EXERCISE 3 Georeferencing an existing map with Google Earth 13 EXERCISE 4 Displaying Editing and Querying Vector Data 17 EXERCISE 5 Introduction to Digitization 25 5 1 Creating vector points Digitizing points 25 5 2 Creating vector lines Digitizing lines 28 5 3 Creating vector polygon Digitizing polygons 31 EXERCISE 6 Constructing a map layout 35 6 1 Data Preparation and Visualization 35 6 2 Preparing the Layout using Composer Manager 42 6 3 Planning and making your map Layout 44 References 50 Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 I V
34. type in Exercise 1 3 Go to Coordinate Reference System CRS tab then click the box Enable on the fly CRS transformation Choose WGS 84 in the list Click Apply and then OK Note WGS 84 is a Geographic Coordinate System meaning it recognizes coordinates in degrees It is used especially when adding data from a Geographic Positioning System GPS which usually involves coordinates in degrees 4 In the Layer tab choose Add Raster Layer icon Go to GIS Training Directory gt Raster gt Non Rectified and choose the file General Santos 5 The topographic map of General Santos City that you captured in Google Earth will appear Try to tick and un tick the active layer in the Layers tab to see what happens 6 TRY to explore around with the active layer s properties by right clicking and choosing Properties 7 Saveitas Exercise 1 in Exercises in your GIS Training Directory Introduction to Geographic Information System GIS by Graceous Von Yip and Mudjekeewis D Santos 2013 13 EXERCISE 3 Georeferencing an existing map with Google Earth Georeferencing means defining the existence of something in physical space That is in creating locations we define data in terms of map projections and or coordinate systems For this exercise we will use the map of General Santos City that was captured in Google Earth Quantum GIS like other GIS softwares does not simply identify an existing map as a useful data unless it
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