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instruNet Manual - OMEGA Engineering

1. N Maximum Pass Band ripple PassB Ripple Minimum Stop Band attenuation StopB Attn Amplitude DB SS WWW NNN NHN AWWW WW et 6 6 Ww E CE E O A G ajy GG SSS WG WWM pH HHH HH anann a A n PassB F1 StopB F2 Frequency Hz StopB F1 PassB F2 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Figure 2 24 Bandstop Filter Model Table 2 1 shows which fields in the Settings area must be set for each filter model Edit field or Lowpass Highpass Bandpass Bandstop pope fT used I used used l used used used used ol BEd used used __ stopB F2 Hz _ motused motused l PassB F2 Hz not used not used Table 2 1 Fields required for each Filter model e Play with the different filter models and settings while viewing their effects in the snapshot display For example to turn on a highpass filter select Highpass Filter in the Settings popup select Elliptic in the Filter popup and then set the PassB F1 Hz StopB F1 Hz StopB Attn and PassB Ripple fields as desires using Figure 2 19 as a guide Remember to press the Enter button to create the filter Working With Voltage Output Channels Some hardware devices such as the Model 100 provide Voltage Output channels In summary these channels output the Voltage specified in the Value Output field within the General settings area Accuracy s are discussed in Ch6 Hardware Reference Voltage Output channels are named ChX Vout in
2. Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver o Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver E Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation _Lof instruNet Driver SC Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation _ i of instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver o Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation i of instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation _Lof instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to
3. You should see your waveforms move across the screen as they are digitized in real time as illustrated below Click Start to start recording Stop to stop recording 2 Volts Uu S AL Network Qigua Test sent o Tell instruNet to stop digitizing Click the Stop button to stop the digitizing process Save your waveforms to disk Click the Save button to save your waveforms to disk When the save dialog appears type a name and choose a convenient location to save the data Saving does not specify a file name but rather a folder name in which all acquired waveforms and a preferences file are saved For example if you digitized 2 waves and then clicked Save 3 files would be stored in your one named instruNet prtf that contains the Field settings and two files that have the same name as the two channels that contain the wave data Record again Click the Start button to start recording again and then click the Stop button after a few moments Load your saved waves from disk Click the Open button to load in the previously saved waves from disk A File open dialog will appear and it is here that you must select one of your previously saved files e g instruNet prf Chl Vin or Ch4 Vin After your waves are loaded in they should appear in their displays Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Digitizing Directly To Excel If you want to learn how to digitize in instruNet World and then save a text file to be loaded
4. i e set the Ranges field to 3 Hardware 5 Specifies parameters that control a Digital I O channel e g Ch25 Dio on with the Model 100 Device For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Digital I O Working with Digital I O Channels Ch 8 Settings Reference Digital Output Specifies the logic level of bits that have been set up as digital outputs in the Direction field Please see Chapter 2 Working with Digital I O Channels for details on how this is done C O Direction Sets the direction of the various digital bits as an input 0 or an output 0 Highpass Defines a digital highpass filter For more information please refer to Filter a Chapter 2 Working with Digital Filters Filter Selects filter model Off Ellipticz Chebyshev P3 Chebyshev S4 or Butterworths EE P eebe PassB Ripple2 Specifies maximum allowable passband ripple in dB Lowpass Defines a digital lowpass filter For more information please refer to Filter g Chapter 2 Working with Digital Filters 2 Selects filter model Off Elliptico Chebyshev P3 Chebyshev S4 or Butterworths Pass B F2 Hz7 Notused O O O OOO Stop B F2 Hzg Not used Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Ch 8 Settings Settings Group setting Type Display Options 18 Timer 414 8 8 Reference Field gieianum Field Description fieldValue Specifies how waveforms are displayed and stored while
5. Clock Output Output a continuous clock or a fixed number of pulses 1 2e9 Set high time and period of clock If period gt 10ms then we generate clock with a Ims timebase that drives two 0 to 32K timers otherwise we use a 25us timebase Periods must be gt 100us when fixing the of pulses Pulse Counter Read a 64bit counter that counts incoming gt 100us pulses since reset Period Measurement Measure the duration of 1 to 2e9 periods by counting a 25us or Ims timebase with a 64bit counter via the following options a Cycles aggregate number of periods to measure between 1 and 255 or multiple of 10 if between 256 and 2e9 e g 100 cycles of 10Hz yields 10sec Minimum pulse duration is 100us when measuring lt 10 periods and gt 10us otherwise b Measure sum of entire cycle or just sum of high durations c Count high Resolution 0 25us or lower resolution lms timebase d Modes Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial 2 32 o Wait amp Continue Wait till measurement completes start another measurement after read result o Wait amp Reset Wait till measurement completes start another measurement when next read o No Wait amp Continue Read O if not done start another measurement after read result o No Wait amp Reset Read O if not done start another measurement when next read Frequency Measurement Same as Period Measurement except it returns the frequency of the input signal after measuring the per
6. Digitize Into To Ram Buffe File Type Binary Calibration More Cancel OF 5 9 Ch 5 Hardware Reference Figure 5 8b The Record Setup Dialog Record Setup The Record Setup dialog illustrated in Figure 5 8b is used to set the base sample rate the number of points to be acquired per Scan the number of Scans to be acquired the recording mode e oscilloscope or strip chart recorder the storage mode and the display mode This dialog is described in detail in Chapter 2 Digitizing Analog Signals into the Computer Timing Options The Timing dialog illustrated in Figure 5 8a is used to set Fields that determine the digitization length and method This dialog is opened by pressing the Timing button inside the Setup dialog and mirrors some of the settings inside the Setup dialog Number of samples Network data Channel Digitized in one transfer rate switching speed second for each bits per second channel r a N aT N WE Sample Rate Settings Digitize Pts Per can Min ecs Tir No Of Scans Scan Mode Number of scans digitized Select continuous or non Number of points in each scan when Start button is pressed continuous recording mode each scan is a set of points Figure 5 8a Timing Dialog The Pts per Scan and the No of Scans Fields specify the number of points 4bytes per point that are digitized for each Scan and the number of scans that are digitized when the
7. Read the example program source code and comments to get a feel for instruNet programming Getting To do the above steps with the programming language of your choice please Started jump to the appropriate Working with in the following pages WORKING WITH ANY C COMPILER Macintosh or Windows instruNet provides C source code that is designed to run on virtually any C compiler for the Macintosh and Windows To run the example instruNet C code we recommend that you create a project that supports the printf text console not needed with Windows C the Operating Ch 4 Hardware Reference System routines and ANSI routines At a bear minimum you would need to include the following files into a project in order to run an instruNet Example INET_EXN C Contains Example N code use one example c file at a time INET_INT C Contains interface to instruNet Driver includes files INET_MCS H INET_INT H ansi library Contains ANSI subroutines os library Contains interface to Operating System console library Supports printf text window only use with Macintosh To compile the instruNet example code and run it you must 1 Install the instruNet software onto your computer following the directions in Chapter 1 Installation Make sure you have the correct version of the instruNet Driver installed on your computer Create a new folder called instruNet Example and place 2 folders inside it called instruNet C Source and End
8. c 0 5 b sqrt b b 4 0 a c Alpha is the temperature coefficient of the RTD at OC typically 00385 for American RTD s and 00392 for European RTD s and delta is the Callendar Van Dusen delta constant typically 1 492 These constants are often supplied by the manufacturer of the RTD The instruNet temperature linearizer only supports temperatures above 0 C Many RTD manufacturers recommend a 1 mA RTD current source with RTD voltage dividers since this often dissipates several milliwatts and therefore does not cause noticeable self heating An example would be a 100 ohm RTD which will vary from 25 to 400 ohms as the temperature varies 1 e 25 to 400 a4 5V excitation voltage e Vout and a 5000 ohm shunt resistor The average current and power dissipation of the RTD at 0 C would be Current Amps Volts Resistance 4 5V 5000 100 88mA Power watts Current Current Resistance 0088 0088 5100 3 8mW The voltage across the RTD would vary from 22mV to 352mV as the resistance across the RTD changed from 25 to 400 ohms corresponding to a temperature change of 260 to 850 Celsius therefore an input Voltage Range of 600mV would be ideal with a 100 ohm RTD 4 5V Vout voltage and 5000 ohm resistor 3 18 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors To do temperature measurement using an RTD in a voltage divider circuit you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to RTD 2 Se
9. Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 330 Electrical Isolator Toward Compute ld The Model 330 Electrical Isolator provides 1000 Volts of optical isolation at one point within an instruNet network This is often used to eliminate ground loops between the computer and items under test and to reduce noise that is transmitted from the computer to sensors When measuring small voltages e g lt 10mV optical isolation is sometimes critically important The Model 330 Electrical Isolator is very similar to the Model 300 Power Adaptor described earlier except for its isolation capability An external power source e g iNet 312 8 must be connected to the Spin DIN Power Source Connector to provide power to outbound devices Multiple Model 330 s can be placed in one network e g place one Model 330 every 4 Devices in a 16 Device network instruNet Electrical lsolator iNet 330 HIGHWAY Power In Ja1nNdwoy pueMoL Outbound Devices Vd Optical Isolation Devices earth 2 shield 412V 5A 5 4 12V 5A 5V 1A 3 1 Com External Power Input Looking Into Male 5p DIN Plug 1Net 311 110V Power Supply Fig 6 6 Example Application of Model 330 Electrical Isolator Isolating From Earth Ground Wild Grounds Slower Speeds Ch 6 Hardware Reference The External Power Input pins 1 and 2 are both tied to the outbound instruNet device ground case and pcb If this is also tied to the 3rd
10. Overview The Test Page IONET HARDWARE SEARCH RESULTS Date amp Time 11 8 1995 16 28 43 river Nubus ioNet Controller slot 14 4000 Kb 1 Model 100 Network Device IONET QUICK TEST RESULTS Date amp Time 11 8 1995 16 28 52 We ran 0 542568 million tests and did NOT hit 1 error Network _ Record MCL The Test Page is used to determine what instruNet hardware is attached to your computer and to test all instruNet hardware and software After each test a report is printed to a miniature text editor within the Test Page The user can then type notes into this window and save it to disk as a text file instruNet World is an application program that can manage monitor and operate an instruNet hardware network This network can be used to digitize long continuous waveforms spool them to disk view incoming waveforms in real time and then allow post acquisition viewing instruNet World is included free of charge with all instruNet Controller boards and does not require 5 1 Ch 5 Hardware Reference programming experience it is as easy to use a simple word processor relax This chapter describes the three primary instruNet pages as illustrated in Figure 5 1 Each page is selected by pressing a Tab at the bottom of the window Menubar Vs This manual focuses on the buttons at the top of the instruNet World pages yet Buttons these functions can also be accessed in the menubar For document
11. 2 Ripple field valde hj f O O O Oa Appendix II 3 Appendix Il instruNet Error Codes 83 EW 90 iNetErr InterfaceCom_ piledBadly PiNetErr_ BadInterface i Key iNetErr_ BadAddrPa ssedToDriver F iNetErr_ BadStatic VarInDriver PiNetEr_ BadInteger MathInDriver Type iNetErr_ CppCompiler DidBad Failed iNetErr Toolbox Failed PiNetErr_ CrtRect_ Failed 7 Noe DiogCode Failed PiNetErr_ DrvrNeeds i Fpu_Failed Failed FINeiEn Digitizelnit NSE SRE iNetErr_ Halton PiNetErr qBusy iNetErr_ abort PiNetEr cBusy Appendix II 4 bad integer math in driver instruNet network error f instruNet network is busy before digitize we aborted early controller is busy doing something Required filter order d s biquadratic section s a variable type in interface file e o INET_INT C is bad Teco pCR ET cee a the key field passed to driver is bad bad address passed to driver D i 1 iNetErr BadChannel vunn bad channel Tune TT iNetErr MemMngr_ Memory Manager failed aiaia ee Driver file needs FPU TiNetErr rode f iir code failed SS iNetErr sprintt Failed sprintf failed O TTT Digitize initialization failed instruNet network error iNetErr_ QPTQP instruNet network error code generation segment error o i instruNet network error Check digital filter feld
12. Driver Network 0 This refers to the instruNet Driver itself and appears only once in the Network popup no matter how many Controllers appear The Driver contains fields that determine things like the way displays show data in the Record page The Device popup menu lists the network Devices that are attached to the Controller specified in the Network popup menu When you select a Controller in the Network popup all devices attached to it appear in the Device popup In the figure shown to the left only one network device is attached to the Controller in Slot 14 and it appears as the second item in the popup Itis a Model 100 and is designated Device 1 1 100 The Controller itself is a Device Device 0 and appears as the first item in the Device popup The Controller contains Fields that are specific to the controller such as the network sample rate or the value of a digital output on the Controller s Digital I O Connector Module Chi Uint Ch Uin Cha Uout Saving amp Loading Network Settings Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial The Module popup lists all Modules in the currently selected Network Device Most Devices only have 1 module as shown to the left The Channel popup lists all analog and digital I O channels in the currently selected Network Device Module The illustration to the left shows 3 channels 2 of which are voltage inputs and the 3rd which is a voltage output s Explore your instruNet world via the
13. Show ALERT If bhit iNet Error te gt return 0y 2 Tell the instruNet Driver to open the Network Page Window The C code below tells the driver to open the Network Page Window From the Network Page fields can be viewed and set following the procedures in Chapter 2 instruNet Tutorial If a non zero error code is returned the program will jump to an exit routine e OPEN_instruNet_WINDOW instruNetCM_OpenWindow_Network ic er 4 goto Exit J 3 Read several voltage inputs and set a voltage output The next few lines of code read several voltage inputs and write to a voltage output They assume a Model 100 is attached to the Ist network controller card 4 Print the values for the first 5 channels on instruNet The C code below calls the function Print_iNet_Channels which reads one value from each of the first five input channels of an instruNet Network and prints them to the console window The function call is defined in file INET_EX1 C e Print iNet Channels 5 IE e Ye goto EXit J 6 Print the first 3 Fields The C code below calls the function Print_iNet_Fields which scans the network and prints the values of the first 5 fields that it finds The function call is defined in file INET_EX1 c e Print iNet Fields 3 4 if e goto Exit 7 Read and write instruNet Fields The C code below calls the function ReadwriteFields_iNet prompts the user for a field address displays the current value of the field
14. Temperature Measurement ee Eed 3 2 EE 3 22 EENEG 3 22 Load EE 3 23 Accel romel e r VI COSUVCINENIL eegene ee 3 25 EE 3 26 FG TORS 11112 1 Se TO ee ETT ROT en PE Ee Pe RoE OE AEE ee eer 3 26 SENSOR REFERENCE FOOTNOTES ccccccscescessscescescccsceecsessccsceevscssceacsassccacsessesaceacsavaceacavsesaceaseasaces 3 27 CHAPTER 4 A TUTORIAL FOR PROGRAMMERS ssssssecccceccccccccoccccsssssseseccccececcoccosssssssssesceceee 4 1 GETING STARI D ULC RY eebe E 4 1 PROGRAMMING OVER VIEW eebe 4 2 WORKING RR EE EH E 4 8 GETTING STARTED WITH MAC METROWERKS CODEWARRIOR CIE 4 10 GETTING STARTED WITH MICROSOFT VISUAL BASIC 34 0 FOR 0 ccccceeeesceceeeeeeeneeeeeeeesneeeeeeens 4 1 MEET nearest E a a E A Aa 4 11 EELER 4 12 BOR SW INDO WS Ee Ee 4 12 CHAPTER 5 INSTRUNET WORLD PROGRAM REFERENCE cccsscccccccccsssssssccecccssseeeees 5 1 THE NETWORK EE 5 2 TFU RT TCORD PAO re A EE 5 6 STIS E E 5 17 THE SCRIPT EACE eee ep armen eer a E E eee eer 5 19 MENUBAR A E EE 5 19 CHAPTER 6 HARDWARE REFERENCE vccccesccscecscaccccesasecccavescecsccccueceacea scacenadecedevetscoseeteiscecenccesesedecs 6 1 MODEL 200 PCLINSTRUNET CONTROLLERS eegene 6 2 MODEL 230 PC CARD INSTRUNET CONTROLLER ecccccceteesetsscceseceeetecsesssceeseceeeteseetssceeseeeetes 6 4 MODEL 100 100B AND LOOHC NETWORK DENICES occ cece ceeccseccseccsccsccesccesscesceusceccesscesseesens 6 5 INIODE Ta UO POW ER ADAPTOR EE 6 8 MODEE3 4 lux Bi xX 372 POWER SUPPL
15. and Vin input terminals If this voltage floats with respect to the instruNet Gnd terminal it might be necessary to also attach the instruNet Vin terminal to the Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors optional ground instruNet Gnd terminal with a short wire Sometimes this wire makes things better Fig 3 15 Temperature and sometimes this wire makes things Measurement Thermocouple worse instruNet calculates the value of the temperature in degrees Celsius using a polynomial linearizing equation To do temperature measurement using a thermocouple you must 1 2 3 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings to either 80mV or 1OmV Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to the appropriate Thermocouple type J K T E R S Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Vin Vin approximately depending on the temperature range being measured If your temperature range is lt 170C for a type J thermocouple lt 230C for a type K thermocouple lt 180C for at type T thermocouple lt 900C for a type R thermocouple lt 900C for a type S thermocouple or between 250C to 140C for type E thermocouple then set the range to approximately 10mV Otherwise set the Range for approximately 80mV Measurement resolution is approximately 1 2uV in the 10mV range and approximately 10uV in the 8OmV range Wire your voltage source per figure 3 15 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this cha
16. and installation CrtRect failed Late version of E Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver l Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver E Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button or Resetting computer Check Interface to and installation of instruNet Driver a Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes E away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help NN Dress Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes i away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help SH Dress Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes i away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help B Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes 7 away Latest version of
17. c The Low Pass settings area provides a means by which one can digitally filter a signal post acquisition with tremendous accuracy d The user can manually place a capacitor across the Vin and Vin input terminals with any bridge or voltage divider circuit to provide a Ipole low pass filter where the cut off Frequency in Hertz is equal to 1 2 m R C where R is the source resistance in ohms C the parallel capacitance in Farads and 7 is 3 14159 6 Selecting a Voltage Divider Shunt Resistor Shunt resistor values are typically chosen to cause a large voltage several volts maximum to be measured by instruNet without heating up the resistor significantly to cause its resistance to change or causing the excitation voltage source to over shoot its maximum output current e g 4mA on the iNet 100 100B and 15mA on iNet 1OOHC If the Rshunt value is low then the voltage across it is low and this decreases the signal to noise ratio of the measured signal Also Rshunt must be selected such that the voltage across Runknown does not exceed the instruNet maximum input voltage e g 5 V with the Model 100 Due to these limitations instruNet might not let you set some of the fields too high or too low 7 Voltage Range Settings For Strain Gages Since strain gage voltages are often very small a small input range e g 1OmV works best for most measurements Increasing the voltage range increases the range of strain that can be rea
18. in RAM memory that is maintained by the programming end user This buffer is used to hold digitized data For more information please refer to Chapter 4 Programming If Digitize is set to On the channel is enabled for digitizing and the digitized data is sent to the User Ram buffer at runtime Onj or Off i This is the address in RAM memory of the User Ram Buffer O if not used off The Buffer size must be enough to hold 1 Scan of data points where each point is stored in a 32bit floating point number 4bytes point Scan Number of last data point pushed into User Ram Buffer 1 numScans Point Number of last data point pushed into User Ram Buffer 1 PtsPerScan i Pt Num Our i Point Number of last data point pulled out of User Ram Buffer by Access_Digitized_Data_In_Ram_Buffer 1 PtsPerScan Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Appendix Troubleshooting Appendix I Troubleshooting If your instruNet system is not operating properly use the information in this chapter to isolate the problem If the problem appears serious enough to warrant technical support please contact your instruNet supplier Identifying Symptoms and Possible Causes Use the Troubleshooting information in the following table to try to isolate the problem This table lists general symptoms and possible solutions for problems with instruNet hardware and software Possible Cause Possible Solution Computer
19. measured period This is the period of the clock signal being output by Chl Timer and being measured by Ch2 Timer If you remove the wire connecting the Output of Chl Timer and the input of Ch2 Timer the Value field will change Settings Timer EE Cik Period 0 0005 Meas Cycles Ok put ur 0 0005 Measure Cycle time i Figure 2 25 Timer Settings for Period Measurement 2 35 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial High speed gt 1Ks sec ch digitizing of analog signals by the instruNet Controller ties up the 12x0 DSP processor and therefore inhibits it from doing the following during that time pulse counter output a specific number of clock pulses period measurement and frequency measurement For more details on the counter timer features please see Application Notes 96 110 181 182 Working With The Controller Time Since Reset Channel 2 36 The instruNet Controllers offer a channel that provides the time accurate to 25us since the Controller was last reset A reset occurs when instruNet is first used after power up the computer resets and when the Reset button is pressed in the Network page This clock channel is called Ch12 Time and returns a number in units of seconds that is derived from a 62bit counter that counts 4MHz s Select the Network page by clicking the Network tab and scroll down until you see the Controller s Ch12 Time channel Notice how the Value cell slowly increments at a second rat
20. not the PC Card itself Turn the computer power ON and then Turn ON all powered devices attached to the instruNet network Your System Is Working Properly Verify that your hardware and software is working in 5 easy steps 1 Run the instruNet World application program instruNet World Mac on Macintosh and instruNet World Win32 exe ona Microsoft Windows computer in the 7 E instruNet World instruNet directory A window will med Restore Store Save Clear Reset i Value Input Uni ts similar to what is pictured to the right If int g See necessary you might a der ee need to click on the EE oe Network tab at the SC ae bottom of the window Jee te to select the Network KR AE ae page If this window Chit Vine 0 OOO06S Chig Win fifty 0 000232 l Mo t opens then you know ae ee he Uol tage your instruNet driver AU G Ee Record Test lt Script Zo 1 9 Ch 1 Installation file is installed and working correctly The list of channels shown in the window s table will vary depending on what instruNet hardware is connected If the instruNet window does not appear then check the Software Installation section at the beginning of this chapter to make sure that the software has been installed correctly If it appears that the software is installed correctly but not functioning properly then see Application Note 69 Troubleshooting www instrunet com trouble and instruNet User s Manual Append
21. ohms to tell the software that the excitation 1s external and then enter the value of the external excitation voltage into the Vout field e g 4V 2 In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 6 Set the Vinit field in the Constants settings area to the voltage measured when 0 force is applied in Volts units Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Bridge 8 Capacitors across the voltage input terminals are highly recommended for reducing errors caused by RFI With 350ohm sensors 0 1uF caps create a low pass filter at 4KHz 4K 1 6 28 350 1e 6 and are ideal at minimizing RFI effects 9 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 17 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 0 3 24 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Accelerometer An Accelerometer is an Measurement external device that measures acceleration in G units They contain an internal constant mA excitation current and provide a voltage output to the instruNet which Fig 3 18 Accelerometer Measurement does not provide Single Ended Wiring excitation The 1100xx connects directly to accelerometers and returns G units to the end user When one selects Accelerometer in the Sensor field an interview leads the user through the setting up of the device One enters par
22. to the computer s on which you want to install instruNet Software De via burning a CD or via a local area network and Install per the above instructions Hardware Installation 1 8 To install an instruNet network please 1 Read the previous Constructing your Network discussion Before installing hardware please install software per the pervious instructions 2 Turn OFF your computer 3 Turn OFF all powered devices connected to your network 4 Touch bare metal on your computer to discharge personal static electricity 5 Remove the cover from your computer to gain access to the card slots as needed 6 Remove the small I O fence cover from the back of your computer as needed 7 If you require access to an available Controller Digital Timer I O Channel run a 34 wire ribbon cable from the Controller s 34pin header connector out of the computer any way you can e g through another slot opening to the breakout of your choice e g a screw terminal block as illustrated below Digital I O amp Clock Computer I O Connector DB 25 connector male ioNet ntroller i Controlle 34 wire screw terminal Computer Bus PCI Nubus 34 wire ribbon cable Figure 1 4 Installing an instruNet Controller into a Computer 8 Install the instruNet controller s into the computer s expansion slot s If working with a PCI Card make sure the Controller connector is well seated and inspect this connection with
23. 100 network device is also seen Also to verify that these three items are installed one can click on the TEST tab at the bottom of the window and press the SEARCH button to display a list of installed resources e g instruNet Driver 1200 Controller 1100 Device If the Controller e g pci or pcmcia card is not seen on a Computer then please proceed with the following steps 1 Use a flash light to make sure the board is well seated in its connector With some computers it 1s difficult to insert the tab at the bottom of the I O fence into its receptacle Sometimes the I O fence at the back of the computer is not registered with respect to the motherboard and tightening the I O fence screw causes the card to enter its connector at an angle If this happens leave the screw loose and make sure the card is properly aligned in its connector so that the pcb finders correctly align with their mating receptical pins 2 Turn the computer power off for 10 seconds turn it back on to boot the computer and then run instruNet World to see if the card is found If it is not found and you are running on a Windows computer please power the computer off and then on again since re configuring the cards internally sometimes requires two power off on cycles sometimes due to plug and play arbitration going on inside the computer 3 If running under Windows make sure iNet32 DLL Version 2 0 is installed in the System directory within the Wi
24. 10mV typ Amplifier Gain 1 8 64 512 Number of Channels 16se 8di System Throughput 166Ksamples second max Measurement Accuracy Voltage Integration Channel Voltage Range seconds Switchin Accurac 5V lms either 75mV Osec Accurate 1 5mV Osec Fast 2 5mV 0 6V lms either 75uV Osec Accurate 150uV Osec Fast 225uV 80mV lms either 15uV Osec Accurate 45uV Osec Fast 60uV 10mV lms either 10uV Osec Accurate 30uV Osec Fast 50uV Signal To Noise Ratio 78dB Differential Linearity 1 5 LSB Integral Linearity 2 LSB Input Over voltage Protection 15 V power on or off Input Impedance 1OMQ 1 3pf Common Mode Voltage CMV 5V min Common Mode Rejection CMR 80dB Temperature Drift Gain 5ppm C of FSR Offset Self cal ed to 0 Time Stability Gain 27ppm lyr typ EISE Self cal ed Io Analog Outputs D A Resolution 8 bit Number of Channels 8 Output Voltage Range 100 100B 5V 4mA 001uF 100HC 5V 15mA O1UF Output Protection Short to ground continuous Output Settling Time Aus to 1 2 LSB 5V step Analog Output Accuracy 0 4 Digital Coupling 20mV Gain Drift 10ppm C of 5V FSR Offset Drift 5uV C Table 6 2 Model 100 1OOB and 100HC Technical Specifications 6 6 Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 100xx Connector I O Terminals Specifications 5V 12V 12V 100 mA max 30 mA max 30 mA max These screw terminals can be used to power external devices Th
25. 2 16 Display Settings e Change the Display Max Field to 2 change the Display Min Field to 2 and click the lower right Enter button These 2 Fields are used to set the top and bottom plot values of the vertical axis in both the Record page display and the Probe dialog snapshot display These 2 23 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial changes take affect when the Enter button is pressed and can be viewed at the bottom of the Probe Dialog as shown in Figure 2 17 In many cases one must edit these values depending on the Engineering Unit range of the digitized signal For example one might set O and 100 for a temperature that ranges from 0 to 100C New top and bottom vertical axis bound T 1 25 Ee A 3 Secs Chi Vint 1 1301 Holts Figure 2 17 Probe display with E U s set to 2V e Press OK to exit the Probe dialog and then press Start to begin recording Notice how the vertical axis scale change effects the appearance of the recorded signal as shown in Figure 2 18 T 1 5 E 4 5 D d 3 9 Secs Figure 2 18 Record Page with top display Min Max E U set to 2V Working With Calibration Different Scales amp Mapping 2 24 instruNet supports Calibration and Converting to different scales e g show psi at sensor instead of Volts at screw terminals with a 2 point mapping scheme All channels have a Mapping settings area that defines the relationship between internal units and external units Internal units are the native un
26. 4 12V 5A 5V 1A 3 1 Com Beat N a gt A ki E z 5 External Power Input Looking Into Male 5p DIN Plug iNet 311 110V Power Supply Fig 6 4 Example Application of Model 300 Power Adaptor 6 8 Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 311 x 312 x 322 x Power Supplies iNet 312 8 iNet 312 8eu iNet 311 2 iNet 311 5 iNet 322 5 Power Plugs The following power supplies provide a 5pin Din output connector compatible with the instruNet iNet 300 Power Adaptor iNet 330 Electrical Isolator and iNet 230 PC Card The 5pin DIN connector pin out is as follows 1 Com 2 n c or earth GND 3 5V 4 12V 5 12V Plug VAC Input Output RECOMMENDATION USA 3 Prong 120 220 5V 2A 12V 8A Bure 2 Prong 1207220 5V 2Ay el EE RE USA SPRONG 120 5V 7A 12V 24A PSO ee and Boas 3 x USA 3 Prong 120 OVP 2h FTN AoA are discontinued Euro 2 Prong 220 en Fav E buy 2312 8 instead USA 3 Prong Plug USA 3 prong plugs mate with USA 110VAC wall sockets EURO 2 Prong Plug Euro 2 prong CE plugs include a receptacle for an earth pin and they mate with 220VAC wall sockets in Germany France Italy Spain yet not UK Japan LIOVAC Plug Connecting to 11OVAC Sockets in Japan requires replacing the 1Net 3xx y plug with a Japanese plug If the power plug does not match your wall socket If the power plug doesn t fit we recommend that it be removed and replaced with one that does
27. 65Hz and a lowpass filter at 1000Hz 2 25 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial e Select the Network page by clicking on the Network tab and then press the Reset button to reset the network and all Fields e Click the channel name cell of the channel that is attached to your signal source e g Chl Vin and then select Lowpass in the Settings popup as shown in Figure 2 19 Off ee ieee iat nt Chebyshev P Chebyshev s Pass Ripple E D Butterworth StopB Attn PassB F2 Hz Rosch Esc Figure 2 19 Lowpass Filter settings area The lowpass filter is illustrated in Figure 2 20 Notice that 4 numbers are needed to describe the lowpass filter minimum stop band attenuation dB maximum pass band ripple dB pass band cut off frequency Hz and stop band cut off frequency Hz And notice how these 4 numbers corresponds to the StopB Attn PassB Ripple PassB Fl Hz and StopB F1 Hz Fields in the Lowpass Filter settings area s Turn the filter On by selecting Elliptic in the Filter popup or any of the other options other than Off e Enter a passband cut off frequency value into the PassB F1 Hz field a stopband cut off frequency into the StopB F1 Hz field a minimum stop band attenuation into the StopB Attn field and a maximum pass band ripple into the PassB Ripple field Acceptable values would be 100 150 80 1 Press the Enter key when done setting the values If the filter is impossible to design due to constrain
28. 6MB PCI Slot gt 6 8 Rev Controller Compatible 95 98 Me_ free gt 2 0 compliant 32 bit E 80486 NU D S o et TO PC Card iIBMPCor Windows gt 4MB gt 6MB Type H PC Card Slot Controller Compatible 95 98 Me 2k free with gt v2 1 PCMCIA iis 80486 I OPON compliant card services PC Card Macintosh OS gt 8 must gt 4MB gt 6MB Type II PC Card Slot Controller PPC G3 G4 gt PtOS ON free with gt v2 1 PCMCIA on OS gt 10 2 Powerbook Mac compliant card services Table 1 3 Computer Requirements for instruNet Controllers Constructing Your Network instruNet hardware is 100 plug and play for all computers instruNet does not use dip switches DMA low memory interrupts and I O addresses All you need to do is plug the Controller board into your computer connect your network devices slap a terminator onto the end of your network and run the instruNet World software The instruNet driver automatically determines the physical locations of all installed Controllers and Network Devices Please keep in mind the following when designing and constructing your network 1 Install as many controllers as desired The number of available slots determines the number of controllers i e networks that can be installed and simultaneously run on one computer The software numbers each controller in the order that they are found in the computer netNum ranges from to of Controllers
29. Do not use a SCSI Terminator in place of an instruNet Terminator they are different Each Network Device includes one cable Each instruNet Network Device is shipped with one 10foot DB 25 Cable Male Female cable for purposes of configuring your network You can purchasing your own cables If you want a specific cable length you can purchase your own DB 25 male to DB 25 female shielded wired point to point 1 e pin X to pin X cables We recommend 24 gauge wire for gt 4 meters however 28 gauge is fine with lt 4m Twisted pairs are recommend for gt 4 meters with the following wires twisted 1 amp 14 2 amp 15 3 amp 16 4 amp 17 5 amp 18 6 amp 19 7 amp 20 8 amp 21 9 amp 22 10 amp 23 11 amp 24 12 amp 25 these are physically next to each other in the connector Also it is recommended that the drain wire which is attached to the shield be connected to the housing and pin 1 GND on both connectors For more information on cables please refer to Application Note 22 Third Party instruNet Cable Suppliers and Application Note 39 Use Low Capacitance Cable to Maximize your instruNet Network Speed A supplier of high quality twisted pair low capacitance double shielded cable without connectors is Belden Inc The Belden Cable Part 8112 Low Capacitance RS 485 RS 232 cable is available in 100ft 500ft and 1000ft lengths with 12 5 Pairs and a copper braided shield This cable features 24 gage wire 41pF me
30. EE RER EE RER EE EE EE EE EEN EE EE EEE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERR EE EE EE EE ERR E EE EEE RRE EE EE EEEEE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EEE EE EE ERR REE EE E RRE EE EE EE KEE E EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EEE EE E EE EE ERE E EE E RRE EE EE EE EEE EE EE EEE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE E EE E RRE ERR EEREE EE EE EE E RER EEE EE EE E EE EE EEN Path Name 7 Specifies the path name for the directory folder that is used when loading New Name 7 When the Save button is pressed in the Record page to save waveforms to disk a new directory folder is created for the new files If the New Name field is set to Prompt User the user is prompted for the new folder s name and location otherwise 1f New Name is set to Auto Generate the A Older is automatically created and named mn Save Fields3 When the Save button is pressed in the Record page to save waves to disk the user has the option of saving the network Fields with the waveforms Save Fields is set to On if Fields are to be saved and Off REENEN ER RER EE E ERR EE E EE RRE e ae E E EE EE EE EE ER E EE E RRE ER ER EEEER ER EE EEE E EELER E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EELER EE ER EE EE REE E ERR ERR ER EREE ERR E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ER EE EE ER EE EE EE EE EE E cere E cere rer creer EE EE EE EE EE EEEEEEEEEEEE leur uuuuc eure ree KEE ER EE E E EE EEN Load Fields4 f If Load Fields is set to On4 the network Fields are loaded from disk when on
31. FAX 001 203 359 7807 info omega com mx e mail espanol omega com Servicing Europe Managed by the United Kingdom Office Toll Free 0800 099 3344 TEL 31 20 347 21 21 FAX 31 20 643 46 43 e mail sales omega nl Frystatska 184 733 01 Karvina Czech Republic Toll Free 0800 1 66342 TEL 420 59 6311899 FAX 420 59 6311114 e mail info omegashop cz Managed by the United Kingdom Office Toll Free 0800 466 342 TEL 33 0 161 37 29 00 FAX 33 0 130 57 54 27 e mail sales omega fr Daimlerstrasse 26 D 75392 Deckenpfronn Germany Toll Free 0 800 6397678 TEL 49 0 7059 9398 0 FAX 49 0 7056 9398 29 e mail info omega de OMEGA Engineering Ltd One Omega Drive River Bend Technology Centre Northbank Irlam Manchester M44 5BD England Toll Free 0800 488 488 TEL 44 0 161 777 6611 FAX 44 0 161 777 6622 e mail sales omega co uk It is the policy of OMEGA Engineering Inc to comply with all worldwide safety and EMC EMI regulations that apply OMEGA is constantly pursuing certification of its products to the European New Approach Directives OMEGA will add the CE mark to every appropriate device upon certification The information contained in this document is believed to be correct but OMEGA accepts no liability for any errors it contains and reserves the right to alter specifications without notice WARNING These products are not designed for use in and should not be used for human applications Ch 1 Installatio
32. Open button in the Test Page or a word processor The Test Page supports the standard text Cut Copy and Paste commands in addition to typing 1 e Control X C and V in Windows To select the Test Page press the Test tab at the base of the instruNet World window 5 17 Ch 5 Hardware Reference Test all 1oNet Load text file Clear text hardware from disk in window Print list of installed Repetitively test all Save text window 10Net hardware 10Net hardware contents to disk SZ A Net Woy SAE Search Test_ BigTest Open Save gel Clear_ search T est Tou rss goen Tas gl Clear End user notes steve McCabe 11711795 IONET HAROWARE SEARCH RESULTS Date amp Time 117971995 17 10 46 Search results Het Dey Mod Device Hubus io et Controller cslot 14 4000 Kb Hodel 100 Network Den ice IONET OUICK TEST RESULTS Test results Date amp Time 117971995 17 10 47 He ran 0 542568 million tests and did POT hit 1 error M S Network Record A Tes CR Select Network Select Record Text editor Scroll through text Page Page window editor window Figure 5 12 instruNet World Test Page Test Buttons The Test page sports the following buttons Generates a report similar to that below that lists all instruNet hardware attached to your computer This includes all Controllers and all Devices If this report disagrees with what you think is out there please check your cables and consult the Verify That Your System
33. Pix field in the Options dialog 4 Reduce the amount of digital filtering in the Low Pass High Pass Band Pass and Band Stop settings areas Digital filters consume several microseconds to lus per Filter Order per point digitized The Record Page sports the following buttons Start digitizing channels that have been turned On Each channel is viewed in its own display The Digitize Into field in the Setup Dialog determines whether data is saved to RAM or Disk Stop digitizing If the data had been saved to Ram then one can now scroll through the most recent Scan or save the Scan to disk by pressing the Save button If the data had been saved to Disk in Strip Chart mode the user can now scroll through the entire set of Scans via the horizontal scroll bar The Open button loads waveforms to disk that had been previously saved to disk during acquisition or by the Save button after acquisition had completed The standard File Open dialog is used to select the specific wave file Since waves are saved in their own file in one directory it is necessary to only select one file in order to load the entire set Once loaded one can use the horizontal scroll bar to scroll through them Saves to disk the current Scan in RAM memory The user is prompted for a directory name in which to save the set of data where each wave is saved in its own file in one common directory The data is saved in the fast instruNet Binary Merge format mult
34. Strain Vratio GF GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whereas Vin Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet To do bending Strain Gage measurement using a Full Bridge circuit you must 1 Do steps 1 through 7 listed in the previous Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge discussion 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to F Bridge Bend 3 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 10 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 Strain Gage Measuring axial strain using a full Measurement bridge configuration involves wiring Full Bridge four strain gages as shown in either Axial I figure 3 11 or figure 3 12 applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations Fig 3 11 Strain Measurement Full Bridge Circuit Axial I 3 16 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Strain 2Vyatio GF v 1 v GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whe
35. Trigger Options 5 14 wavetorm data is saved to To Ram Buffer saved to To File not saved Off or determined by the user User Control For information on how to save a text file to Excel post acquisition please refer to Appendix III If the user selects Off the waveforms are viewed while they are digitized however you cannot scroll through them post acquisition since the computer had not saved the data Since this does not consume memory or disk space one could digitize many waves at a fast rate for a long time If one selects To Ram Buffer each Scan is sent to RAM memory which is limited by the amount of RAM that has been allocated to the instruNet World application program or the calling application program in the case of calling the instruNet driver The buffer in memory holds only one Scan s worth of points and therefore overwrites the previous Scan with each subsequent Scan If you are doing Strip Chart work and don t like this set the No of Scans field in the Timing dialog to 1 and the Pts Per Scan field to the value required to hold the entire acquisition If you run out of RAM memory on a Macintosh you should consider giving your application more by selecting the Application Icon from the Finder choosing Get Info under File and then increasing the number in the memory Minimum Size field Each point consumes 4 bytes since they are stored as 32 bit floating point numbers For example 100K points would consume 400K
36. User Source Copy i e duplicate the following files and place them into the instruNet C Source folder INET_INT C INET_MCS H INET_INT H INET_EXn C Create a new project that supports the ANSI library and the console window Add INET_INT c and INET_EXn C to the project Compile and run INET_INT C and INET_EXn C are designed to run without a prefix file pulled in before them e prefix option in the dialog If you do have a prefix that is automatically pulled in you might get some compiler errors and need to debug it a little In general INET_INT c and INET_EXn c can run with either 4 or 2 byte int s it assumes short s are 2bytes 8 to 12 byte doubles different struct packing schemes etc These 2 files are designed to be portable across different processors different operating systems and different compilers The INET_INT C file is all you need to add to your project to run instruNet It uses the INET_MCS H and INET_INT H include files The INET_EX1 c file contains many useful routines yet you might not want the console to run and therefore you might want to modify INET_EX1 c to your own taste Some lines of code in the example program open the instruNet World window and pass control to instruNet World until the user closes the instruNet World window to return back to the example program Don t let this freak you out 4 9 Ch 4 Hardware Reference 7 Read the example program source code and comments to get a feel
37. Vin and Chi Vin Single ended Voltage E Thermocpl Measurement Shunt Resistor Voltage Divider Bridge i 1 ei Quarter Bridge and for strain gages Half Bridge Bend Half B Thermocpl Bridge Axial Full Bridge Bend Full Bridge Axial I and Full E Bridge Axial II Load Cell Potentiometer Accelerometer e Select the Network page by clicking on the Network tab e Click on the name of the voltage input channel with the attached signal source e g Chl Vin The Probe dialog will open with the address of the channel you clicked on displayed in the Network Address Additionally the real time value of the channel in Engineering Units EU will appear at the bottom of the display as shown in Figure 2 11 Real time plot of channel s value LU 1 245 E A2 d secs Chi Vint 2 0263 Volts Actual reading in Engineering Units Figure 2 11 The Snapshot Display e Select Hardware in the Settings popup as shown in Figure 2 12 2 20 Uin Uin Lin Gnd shunt Resistor Voltage Divider Bridge 0 Bridge H Bridge Bend H Bridge Axial F Bridge Bend F Bridge AHI F Bridge Axl Il Off 40Hz 4KH2 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial eSeltings HardiWiare e eee i Sensor Voltage Range w j Low Pass Off Figure 2 12 Hardware Settings Area e Click on the Sensor popup to view the various Sensors that can directly be attached to this channel as shown to the right This popup tells instruNet which s
38. WORKING WITH THE CONTROLLER TIME SINCE RESET CHANNEL 2 36 WORKING WITH MULTIPLE CONTROLLERS ss sssssesesssesserssessesserestsscsserssessesserssesseoserserssesserseeeseese 2 37 NENT E E 2 37 CHAPTER A CONNECTING TO SENSORS csccccsscccsscccsccccssscccssccccsccccscccesscccecccccscccescceseccess 3 1 CONNECTING A SENSOR DIRECTLY TOINSTRUNET 3 2 SENSOR REFERENCE ee 3 7 Single ended Voltage Medeurement 3 7 Differential Voltage Measurement eegene 3 8 Bridge Ratio Voltage Medsurement egngegedeeggatehte eege EES 3 8 Current MI CUSUPCINGIE csc vwciaasescnicoadinadidasincdsavacealisactusdianseuniadaadscanaeinaddenseedsdsadenddausewoisaaenadisesdaus 3 9 Resistance Measurement Voltage Divider Cirenit ess sa ee eeeeeeeeeees 3 10 Resistance Measurement Bridge Cirecnft cece eee e anaes a aaaa a eeeeeeeeees 3 11 Strain Gage Measurement Voltage Divider Circuit ccccccccccccccssccceeeeeceeeecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeneaaes 3 12 Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge 3 13 Strain Gage Measurement Half Bridge GBeuding 3 14 TC 3 Ch 1 Installation Strain Gage Measurement Half Bridge Gdvuall cece ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeas 3 15 Strain Gage Measurement Full Bridge GBendiugl cece cece ee tteeteeeeeenceeeeeeeeeees 3 16 Strain Gage Measurement Full Bridge Gol 3 16 Strain Gage Measurement Full Bridge Axial II 3 17 Temperature Measurement RTD Voltage Divider oeren 3 18 Temperature Measurement RTD Bridge Circuit 3 19
39. Windows 32bit DLL The iNet function includes 7 parameters that specify a field in the network hierarchy that is to be read or written to as shown below iNetINT16 iNet iNetUINTS8 netNum NETWORK number 0 numNetworks O is Driver 2 de Tse Controlier installed into the computer 2 is the 2nd CORETOL ICT OCO iNetUINT8 deviceNum DEVICE number 0 numDevices 0 COnNELPOLIeCR Wf Jst idevice On Neb s i iNetUINT8 moduleNum MODULE number within a hardware DEVICE Pisieal2Z fe Bach DEVICE Can Contain Up CO 32 separate modules Many devices have only 1 module iNetUINT8 chanNum Hardware CHANNEL number 1 32 Each device contains a number of channels i e signals that are accessed via a Screw terminal or connector each or which has its own channel iNetINT16 f1e1ldGroupNumOr Type Tf gt 0 this is a field Group Number 1 numFieldGroups LL lt Uy CALS LS a field Group Type iNetINT16 fieldNum Field number within the fieldGroup of the CHANNEL iNetUINT8 intention Jon intention intention_getValue intention_setValue intention_getNameStr intention_getMaxValue iNetUINTS8 argType argument type antl o y INC SELL etc void ptrToArg this is where data is kept we read or write to this LOCation These parameters specify a field such as the cut off frequency of a low pass filter the sample rate or the actual real time value of a channel This function can both read from and
40. a Display Figure 5 5 Display settings Oscilloscope instruNet supports two Scan Modes Oscilloscope and Strip Chart one of which is or Strip Chart selected in the Scan Mode popup within the Setup Dialog Oscilloscope digitizes Scan Mode individual Scans similar to a real Oscilloscope whereas Strip Chart links a set of scans together seamlessly to form one long waveform the user does not notice the individual Scans as illustrated in Figures 5 6 and 5 7 Put a little differently Oscilloscope waits for a Trigger specified in the Trigger dialog before digitizing each Scan and Strip Chart only waits for a Trigger before digitizing the first Scan Trigger time Pt wait for trigger Wt digitize Scann BPM digitize Scan n 1 PP digitize Scan n 2 time 0 r Start button pressed Figure 5 6 Strip Chart Recorder Mode Trigger Trigger a time P gt a wait for trigger 2 gt a wait for trigger wll digitize Scan n a at digitize Scan n a at Le time 0 Let time 0 r Start button pressed Figure 5 7 Oscilloscope Mode 5 7 Ch 5 Hardware Reference 5 8 Oscilloscope mode has two variations Oscilloscope and Oscillo Queued Both Oscilloscope and Oscillo Queued acquire and store scans of data in a buffer for processing In Oscilloscope mode the most recent scan of data in the buffer will always be returned for processing first in last out In Oscillo Queued mode the scans are retrieved from the buf
41. any electronic medium or machine readable form in whole or in part without the prior written consent of OMEGA ENGINEERING INC Where Do Find Everything Need for Process Measurement and Control OMEGA Of Course Shop online at omega com TEMPERATURE LA Thermocouple RTD amp Thermistor Probes Connectors Panels amp Assemblies WA Wire Thermocouple RTD amp Thermistor lA Calibrators amp Ice Point References WA Recorders Controllers amp Process Monitors WA Infrared Pyrometers PRESSURE STRAIN AND FORCE WA Transducers amp Strain Gages WA Load Cells amp Pressure Gages lA Displacement Transducers WA Instrumentation amp Accessories FLOW LEVEL lA Rotameters Gas Mass Flowmeters amp Flow Computers G Air Velocity Indicators WA Turbine Paddlewheel Systems k Totalizers amp Batch Controllers pH CONDUCTIVITY WA pH Electrodes Testers amp Accessories k Benchtop Laboratory Meters k Controllers Calibrators Simulators amp Pumps G Industrial pH amp Conductivity Equipment DATA ACQUISITION G Data Acquisition amp Engineering Software k Communications Based Acquisition Systems WA Plug in Cards for Apple IBM amp Compatibles lA Datalogging Systems WA Recorders Printers amp Plotters HEATERS WA Heating Cable L Cartridge amp Strip Heaters L Immersion amp Band Heaters lA Flexible Heaters G Laboratory Heaters ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND CONTROL WA Mete
42. area to Bridge 3 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings area to something small such as 100mV 4 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the resistance of the RTD at 0 C in ohms typically this is also be the bridge completion resistor resistance gt 4 5 Set the alpha field in the Constants settings area to the alpha value of your RTD 6 Set the delta Rlead field in the Constants settings area to the delta value of your RTD 7 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the voltage that is to be applied to the bridge 1V is typical If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 100 instead of 100 ohms to tell the software that the excitation 1s external and then enter the value of the external excitation voltage into the Vout field e g 4V 2 In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 8 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 14 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor To reduce noise 0 001 seconds of integration is often helpful e set the Integrate field in the Hardware setting area to 0 001 5 10 3 20 Temperature Measurement Thermocouple Temperature measurement using a thermocouple involves connecting the two thermocouple leads to a pair of instruNet Vin
43. attach instruNet network devices attach instruNet terminator tighten thumbscrews turn cpu on and proceed to To Verify Your System below Ona Powerbook 1400 5300 with an 1230 it might say please install driver Please ignore this alert since the driver is inside instruNet World To Quickly Verify That Your System Is Working Properly To test instruNet run Start gt Programs gt instruNet gt instruNet World if on Windows or run instruNet World Mac if on Macintosh press the TEST tab at the bottom of the window press the SEARCH button and make sure your hardware is listed e g 1200 card 1100 box If the list is not correct please see Note 69 Troubleshooting www instrunet com trouble Otherwise if the list is correct please see the page Note 209 Getting Started Quickly with Windows www instrunet com start document and then proceed to the instruNet User s Manual Ch 2 For details on verifying proper operation please see the To Verify discussion later in this chapter To copy instruNet software From www instrunet com To non networked computers Surf to www instrunet com s via Internet Explorer Drag file instrunet_web_setup cab from your browser window to your hard disk to download this file to your computer Open this cab file with decompression software l 7 Ch 1 Installation such as WinZip a popular program for opening zip files and copy it s contents 1 e a setup exe file
44. channel which is often associated with a physical sensor in the real world Each channel has a Network Module Device Channel address both within the software data tree and the physical outside world This address is shown in the first 4 columns of the Network page The first column indicates the Channel name and number For example Chl VinI is Channel 1 and the channel name is Chl Vinl Columns 2 through 4 indicate the channel s Network Device and Module which correspond to a physical address The column labeled Value Input depicts the current real time value input or output of the channel in engineering units All columns to the right of the Value Input column are Fields that specify the type of signal connected to the channel and how it is being read The horizontal and vertical scroll bars are used to move around and make changes to the tables contents To change a Field s setting one can click on its cell and then change its value For example to change the name of channel Chl Vin1 one would click on the Ch1 Vini cell e Click on any cell in the Units Label column to open the Probe dialog as shown in figure 2 6 Settings popup Network Device Module Channel PB TRIPOD K AGO PB SS A Network Device Module Channel 1 Sloti4 1 100 1 100 Chi Um Value Input 0 733619 Units Label User Name Chi Uint gt Samp Rate 2 d Secs Chi Vint O f64 4 Holts Fields for Gen
45. close the instruNet Network window e Press the Start button and watch the data appear in the window as shown below 2 5 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial instruNet Instrument Le JK Time Waveforms Chi Vint 0 2077 CELERITER OnE 3 AL AL ANE ACLS EZ CATE NTT ENT TINIAN A STN NV a Oa RRE RSR nl A DN ai AA fe RANT IAT NIT TNT Ne Alot a IA Tad ae a TIS TATA Ta OTS ae TUELL TL EU a ESESERE DP A aie Ce A eae SOT See OP Sn a a ed Rl rhele O f14 1429 2145 2657 3571 4266 5 5714 6429 F143 7657 6 571 10 4 To learn more please press the Help button Close the VB Instrument program by clicking in the upper right corner Working with VB Scope 2 6 We will now run a similar Windows program written in Visual Basic source code included called VB Scope It implements a 2 channel strip chart recorder oscilloscope XY Record and Spectrum Analyzer If you are on a Macintosh please proceed to the next section Exit any currently running instruNet software and select under the Windows START menu Programs instruNet Application Software VB Applications VB Scope exe Press the Start button and watch the data appear in the window as shown below Chl and Ch2 timewaves are shown in the left most display the frequency spectrum of Ch1 is shown in the upper right display and an XY plot of Chl and Ch4 are shown in the lower right display Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial instruNet Scope Setup Ch
46. crashes The Controller board is not seated e Check the installation of the Controller when instruNet World properly or it is damaged hardware and instruNet software per is run directions in Chapter 1 Try rebooting e the computer Also refer to the next section of this chapter entitled your controller is not seen by the instruNet e World Software paying careful attention to the discussion about making sure the card is properly seated in its connector Also please refer to cine Application Note 121 eee Digitized waveforms An open connection may exist on Check the wiring to the input terminals appear to be invalid a channel The Field settings are not correct Refer to Chapter 5 Sensors Reference Chapter 7 Channel Reference amp Chapter 8 Settings Reference It is recommended that Chapter 2 instruNet World Tutorial be completed before A Channel is configured as a Check the wiring to instruNet and the single ended input while the Wiring settings Check the transducer transducer is a differential type _ type Or vice versus Appendix I 1 Appendix Troubleshooting Check the installation of the Controller _ hardware and instruNet software per the directions in Chapter 1 The Controller board is not seated properly or is damaged instruNet World opens yet does not see Controller i e only 3 rows of data are displayed in Network instruNet World open
47. do temperature measurement using a Thermistor the user must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Thermistor This will cause a series of dialog boxes to appear asking the user several questions about the thermistor type Oe resistance at 25 C shunt resistor value and excitation voltage It also recommends an excitation voltage and shunt resistor value based on the thermistor in use and the temperature range of interest in many Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors cases using the recommended values are the best options Based on the responses to these questions instruNet loads the following fields in the Constants setting group with the following information Ro thermistor resistance at 25 C in units of ohms Rshunt actual shunt resistance in units of ohms Vout excitation voltage output the Vout screw terminal alpha the a Steinhart amp Hart coefficient delta Rlead the bh Steinhart amp Hart coefficient GF the c Steinhart amp Hart coefficient V_poisson the maximum expected temperature in degrees C units Vinit the minimum expected temperature in degrees C units instruNet also sets the Voltage Range field in the Hardware settings area to a value appropriate to the specified temperature range The smaller the temperature range the better the accuracy therefore one should not make the specified range unnecessarily large If you want to run through the dialog box interview again select Voltage in the Sens
48. error Press the Big Test M We will run an exhaustive test on all ioNet hardware button to run an io et until you mouse down hold it down or we hit an exhaustive test An error alert similar to the one on the right will appear to communicate that the computer will test all instruNet hardware until there is an error or until you press the mouse button down It will test your network s all night long if you let it Press OK to begin the Big Test Wait 20 seconds or longer If an error occurs while testing an alert will appear and the error message will also be printed in the window Refer to Appendix IT instruNet Error Codes for more information on error codes and Appendix I Trouble Shooting for tips on de Ch 1 Installation bugging if necessary If no error alerts appear and you want to stop the test press the mouse button down and hold it down until the an alert appears announcing the end of the test Click OK to exit this alert The test results are printed in the window in a format similar to what is shown below We ran 2 170272 million tests and did NOT hit 1 error Big Test is identical to Test except it runs for a longer period of time and is useful at finding intermittent problems that only occur once every minute hour or day Big Test can be run overnight for extensive testing of all hardware 5 You are done Your instruNet hardware and software is installed correctly and running beautifully Please see the 1 p
49. external excitation voltage in the Vout In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 5 Set the Vinit field in the Constants settings area to the voltage measured when the bridge is not stimulated in Volts units to null the bridge 6 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 2b and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 7 To eliminate susceptibility to RFI noise it may be necessary to place a capacitor between the Vin and Vin screw terminals and between the Vin and Gnd screw terminals as noted in Application 14 Strain Gages Typical values are OLuF Current Current measurement involves reading the Measurement voltage across an external user supplied shunt resistor to which a current source 1s connected as illustrated to the right The voltage is measured between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals instruNet then calculates the current through the shunt resistor using the following equation and returns a value in Amps units Current Source Fig 3 3 Current Measurement current Amps Vin Vin Rshunt Shunt resistor values are typically chosen to cause a large voltage several volts maximum to be measured by instruNet without saturating the current source i e exceeding its maximum output voltage and without heating
50. for instruNet programming Step through the source code with the debugger to see it runs on a line by line basis Read the documentation in the INET_McS H and INET_INT H include files Getting Started with Mac metrowerks CodeWarrior C C Getting Started The instruNet interface for metrowerks CodeWarrior C C 1s compatible with metrowerks CodeWarrior PowerPC Recommended system requirements are a PowerPC G3 G4 Macintosh with 32 Meg of RAM System 8 0 or newer are also required instruNet can run on any version of metrowerks C greater than 7 0 To get started with CodeWarrior C C please do the following steps 1 Make sure you have done Ch 1 Installation and Ch2 Tutorial in its entirety 2 Install metrowerks CodeWarrior onto your computer launch the compiler and then run an example CodeWarrior project to verify that your C C compiler is set up properly You can try running the MW Hello World project or any of the other metrowerks supplied projects Close the example project 3 Create a new folder called instruNet CodeWarrior C Example and place 2 folders inside it called instruNet C Source and End User Source Copy e duplicate the following files and place them into the instruNet C Source folder INET INTC NET SMCS dt SENET IN Fb NET cB 4 Select New Project from the File menu In the Project Stationary popup select ANSI PPC C C p 1f compiling for PPC Specify a project name e g instruNet Code
51. settings area to something similar to Vout Runknown_Maximum Runknown_Maximum Rshunt 6 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 4 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 10 Resistance Resistance measurement using a bridge Measurement circuit involves connecting a resistor of Bridge Circuit unknown value as one leg of a full bridge circuit applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate nodes The intermediate node voltage is measured between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals while the bridge excitation voltage is supplied Fig 3 5 Resistance by either the instruNet Vout terminal or an Measurement Bridge Circuit external voltage source In figure 3 5 Runknown is a resistor whose value is being measured and Ro is a similar valued resistor of known value This technique is only accurate if Runknown stays in the range of Ro 50 If you need to measure a resistance with more range please use the Resistance Measurement using a Voltage Divider described earlier instruNet calculates the value of Runknown using the following equation and returns a value in ohms units Runknown ohms Ro Vout 2 0 Vin Vin Vout 2 0 Vin Vin To do a Resistance measurement using a Bridge circuit you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Resistance 2 Set the Wirin
52. that are done in Ch 2 Tutorial For example in Ch 2 one is asked to turn on a low pass filter by selecting a popup menu Example 1 will do the same thing with the iNet function call With instruNet each task can be done automatically under program control or manually in the instruNet World window This will become more clear as you work with the example programs The instruNet disk includes the following example programs VB Files Example Description EndUser Examplel sin This is a lengthy and comprehensive FndUser Examplel vb example that shows how to call almost every instruNet function in a text window based environment This is a simple example that shows how to read and write instruNet fields and how to digitize instruNet defines its own data types that allow you to keep your code platform machine and operating system independent instruNet data types are defined in the file INET_INT H An example of an instruNet data type definition is typedef unsigned short iNetUINT16 16bit unsigned integer Always use instruNet data types when calling the instruNet driver and macros In this manual the following are used to refer to variable types 1iNetINT8 Signed 8bit integer 128 to 127 1NetUINT8 unsigned Sbit integer O to 255 1NetINT16 Signed 1l6bit integer 32768 to 32767 1NetUINT16 unsigned 16bit integer 0 to 65536 iNetINT32 signed 32510 Integer 2 047 483 64e co 2 147 483 647 1NetUINT32 unsi
53. the Low Pass popup and view the options as illustrated to the left The options that you see will depend on the connected hardware device This Field is used to select an analog filter at the front end of the voltage input amplifier Please consult Chapter 6 Hardware Reference to learn more about the analog filter options for each hardware Device 2 21 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial 2 22 The Integrate field specifies how long in Seconds instruNet averages an input signal before number is returned to the user This is often used to reduce high frequency noise that has been added to a signal The integration feature is implemented by sampling the signal many times with the A D converter as fast as it can and then averaging the A D values with software The maximum allowable integration time depends on the number of digitized channels and the sample rate For example 2 channels could be sampled at 1000s sec per channel and integrated each for Sms e Select Constants in the Settings popup as illustrated in Figure 2 13 n SETTINGS E 2 Ro alpha 0 00385 Rshunt delta Rlead 1 492 Wout GF linit jo U_Poisson 0 32 Figure 2 13 Constants Settings Area These Fields are used to specify constants that are used to calculate engineering units when working with Resistance Current RTD Load Cell Accelerometer Potentiometer and Strain Gage sensors For example Rshunt specifies the value of the shunt resistor in ohms wh
54. this is not necessary Ch 4 Hardware Reference Chapter 4 A Tutorial For Programmers This chapter explains how to control instruNet from a programming environment such as C or Visual Basic It assumes you have done the tutorial in Chapter 2 in its entirety If you haven t please do so now This chapter also assumes you have a working knowledge of your programming language and programming tools Getting Started Quickly The instruNet Setup exe installer file version gt 1 4 for Windows includes instruNet programming interfaces for the following languages Mierosorte Visual Studio EE kee 5 Microsoft Visual Studio Net C C 7 Microsoft Visual BASIC 4 Microsoft Visual BASIC 6 Microsoft Visual Studio Net BASIC 7 Documentation resides at e Select under Windows START Menu All Programs instruNet Programming Interfaces e See instruNet Programming Application Notes e See Chapter 4 of the instruNet Manual e this chapter Interface files reside at the following Windows directory after running the instruNet Setup exe installer program e Program Files instruNet Programming Interfaces Ch 4 Hardware Reference Programming Overview Nett Function Call 4 2 An instruNet data acquisition system is controlled with one main subroutine called iNet that is callable from C or Visual Basic The actual iNet code resides in the instruNet Driver file that you installed in Ch 1 G e Macintosh Code Resource or a
55. up the resistor significantly to cause its resistance to change If the Rshunt value is low then the 3 9 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors voltage across it 1s low and this decreases the signal to noise ratio of the measured signal Also Rshunt must be selected such that the voltage across it does not exceed the instruNet maximum input voltage e g 5 V with the Model 100 Due to these limitations instruNet might not let you set some of the fields too high or too low To do a Current measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Current 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Shunt Resistor 3 Set the Rshunt field in the Constants settings area to the value of your external user supplied Rshunt resistor in ohms units 1 3 4 Set the Voltage Range field in the Hardware settings area to something similar to the maximum expected current Rshunt 5 Wire your current source per figure 3 3 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 6 If your measured signal is noisy refer to footnote 5 at the end of this chapter for details on how to low pass filter the measured signal also if your current source is fully isolated from GND connecting a 1K ohm or wire between the Vin and GND terminals might reduce common mode noise 8 For more details please see Application Note 82 Measuring Large Currents Resistance Res
56. write to any field on the network For a description of each field please refer to Ch 6 One uses iNet to both set up the networks and then do I O with the various channels Also 1Net can be used to tell the instruNet Controllers to digitize and then download the digitized data into Simple Format Functions Ch 4 Hardware Reference computer memory 1Net is extremely powerful it can even open the instruNet World window and turn over control to the user There are also a collection of Simple Format functions that read and write instruNet fields using a structure that specifies a channel address netNum deviceNum moduleNum chanNum This structure User Defined Variable Type if in Visual BASIC is defined as follows typedef struct iNetChannelAddr iNetUINTS8 netNum NETWORK number 0 numNetworks O is Driva b 15 the Prse Concroiier Anstrad leq into the computer INetUINT8 deviceNum DEVICE number 0 numDevices 0 Controller 1 Ist device on Netvork iNetUINT8 moduleNum MODULE number within hardware DEVICE 1 32 Many devices have only 1 module iNetUINT8 chanNum Hardware CHANNEL number 1 32 Each device contains a number of channels each of has which its own channel number aNetChannelAddr To read or write an instruNet field with a Simple Format function one must first load an iNet ChannelAddr structure with the netNum deviceNum moduleNum chanNum This is often done with the LoadCha
57. 0 z OOE 03 A O0E A03 4 OOE 03 OOE 03 ig Ste 23 b BR SR IU II WEI BED Ip I EES 19 Appendix II 2 21a o Chi int Chi Yint Wolks Sans 10 U 10 0 OU ESOU 1 OOE O3 1 1 1 1 1 1 21940 2 339 EH19 z Su a UE eu a al SL UE 5 00EAN Chi in 2 SEAS 2 EAS 2 BAS oof E03 2 EAS 2 BAS MERGED THT ImstruHet waves in merged TEXT form H2 22 05 00 Chet Vint Chet Yint Wols ams 10 U 10 U OO EAO0 1 OOE O2 1 1 1 d 1 1 21940 2 OSSEHIG 2 n a UE n a lt 3 OO DOE C h4 Yint lt 1 258 05 kt del 1 25 5 03 lt 1 2528 05 1 0558 05 1 21E 0 Ch Vint Ch Yint Woltz Sans 10 J 10 0 OU ESOU 1 OOE O3 i cl 21940 2 339 EH19 z 23 DUU 23 DUU SL a UE 3 OO a UE Ch Yint 1 65505 Lob B 12E 04 Lob 1 63505 Exporting a file to a spreadsheet post acquisition is done by first acquiring data into instruNet World software saving it to disk in the form of a text file and then opening that text file with a spreadsheet as illustrated to the left To do this one would 1 Run instruNet World 2 Select channels for digitizing in the Network Page Press the Record tab 4 Press the Setup button to open the Setup dialog Select Digitize Into To Ram Buffer select File Type Text Merge select the desired Sample Rate select the desired Pts Per Scan set the No of Scans to 1 set Scan Mode to Oscillo and
58. 0 and 2V to SV is a logic 1 however with the Model 100 digital inputs O to 1V is a logic 0 and 3 2V to 5V is a logic 1 Also with these signals voltages above 12V or below 12V will result in physical damage careful These 8 hardware bits are all handled by 1 instruNet channel named Ch25 Dio where the 8bits are read from or written to with a 1 byte word e 8 bits in a number between 0 and 255 To set digital output bits such as those on the Model 100 it is necessary to do the following kinds of things e Click on the cell that contains the name of a Digital I O Channel e g Ch25 Dio and select Hardware in the Settings popup menu The Direction field specifies the bit direction where a value of 1 specifies output and 0 specifies input This field packs the 8bits into one 0 to 255 number where dO corresponds to DIO1 d1 corresponds to DIO2 etc For example 410 000001002 would specify DIO3 as an output and the rest of the hardware bits are inputs A Direction value of 019 000000007 specifies all hardware bits as inputs and a value of Z nn 111111112 specifies all bits as outputs The Digital Out field is used to set the state of the bits that have been marked as outputs by the Direction field It does this with one 0 to 255 number where each bit in the byte sets its corresponding hardware bit For example if 8 bits were set up as outputs then a Digital Out value of 17 9 000100012 would set DIO1 and DIOS to a logic
59. 1 and the rest to a logic 0 The Value EU field in the General settings area is used to read the states of the 8 bits via a 0 to 255 number where each bit in the received byte corresponds to a hardware bit For example reading 310 0000001 12 would mean that hardware bits DIOI and DIO2 are high and the rest are low Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Set the Digital Out A Settings EEN 000000017 set the Direction field to3 9 Digital Out BEE 0000001 19 and click the Enter button to Direction jo Fs update the bits Select General in the Setting popup menu and note the value displayed in the Value EU field Value EU should show 25319 111111012 This is because the high 6 bits have been set up as digital inputs in the Direction field and if nothing is connected to them they will float high to a logic 1 DIO1 is set up as an output in the Direction field and has been set to a in the Digital Out field and is therefore read as a 1 DIO has also been set up as an output in the Direction field yet has been set to a 0 in the Digital Out field and is therefore read as a 0 Working With i200 Controller Digital Timer I O Channels The Model 200 not 230 instruNet Controller boards have 10 digital input output channels each of which can be operated in the following modes Digital Input Read logic 1 gt 2V or logic 0 lt 8V at input pin Digital Output Set connector pin to logic 1 gt 2V or logic 0 lt 8V
60. 100 this voltage must not be less than 5V or greater than 5V Exceeding a maximum typically does not cause damage unless it is very large e g greater than 20V Check your ground connections If the ground between the instruNet device and your signal source is unstable then connecting a wire between the instruNet Gnd terminal and your signal source ground might help e g attach a wire or 1Kohm resistor between the GND and Vin terminals Alternatively if the instruNet Gnd is tied to the ground of your signal source and these are at different voltages with respect to Earth ground then current will flow between them This current will cause voltage drops and subsequently may induce weird effects breaking this ground connection might help The best way to determine what helps 1s to try different things e g hold a wire between two grounds and observe what happens in the display at the bottom of the Probe dialog Recheck your work Recheck your hardware wiring and software settings Save your work To save the current configuration of instruNet 1 e the settings displayed in the Network page and accessed via the Probe dialog press the Network tab at the bottom of the window to select the Network page and then press the Save button at the top of the window to save the settings to disk A file save dialog appears and it is here that you must specify a file name and file location remember where you put it C
61. 1V then instruNet will return 1 Volt The resolution and accuracy of the measured signal increases when the range is reduced For example with the Model 100 the voltage accuracy is 15uV in the lOmV range and 1 5mV in the 5V range with Ims of integration Some sensors require a specific voltage range or only allow one range For example the range with thermocouples is always in the neighborhood of 100mV 6 Set the Integrate popup Set the Integrate popup in the Hardware Settings area as needed This selects the duration that the signal is averaged before instruNet returns one number For example if you choose 16 666ms one 60Hz line cycle it will return the average signal value over a period of 16 666ms This is helpful at reducing noise for signals acquired at slow sample rates e g to integrate 16ms worth of data the sample rate must be greater than 16ms per point or slower that 60samples second Each hardware device offer different Integrate options 7 Select the appropriate Analog Filter Set the analog Low Pass filter popup in the Hardware Settings area as needed e g off 40Hz 4KHz Each hardware device offers different analog low pass filter options as described in Ch AS Hardware Reference not all devices support hardware analog filtering Low pass filters cause high frequencies to be rejected while low frequencies are passed Visually the signal becomes smoother To see the effects of various filters view the di
62. 4 000Kbits sec Dimensions 4 x 7 Operating Temperature Range 0 to 70 C Storage Temperature Range 25 to 85 C Relative Humidity Up to 90 non condensing Power Consumption 5V 1A max does not include network 12V 10mA max 12V 10mA max 6 2 Controller 34 pin Connector I O Terminals Ch1 10 Din The Ch1 Din Ch10 Din digital input terminals are used to sense a digital high or digital low state or to measure the period of a changing digital signal The inputs are protected against high voltages up to 6Volts and down to 6V To measure the logic level or the period of an input signal connect it directly to a Controller Din terminal and then connect the signal source ground to a Controller Gnd terminal For details please see Ch2 Working with Controller Digital Timer I O Channels Ch1 10 Dout eeseses sSSS The Ch1 Dout Ch10 Dout digital output terminals can be set to a high or low state or set up to output a digital clock signal To wire a Dout terminal to a device connect the Dout terminal to the device input and the Controller Gnd terminal to the device Ground For details please see Ch2 Working with Controller Digital Timer I O Channels These terminals can be used to power external devices The maximum allowed current listed to the right must not be exceeded otherwise damage might occur to the Controller or computer To power an external device one must attach a wire
63. 4 Channel Address popup menus at the top of the Probe dialog and the Settings popup menu Press OK when you are done exploring All instruNet Fields 1 e all the cells in the Network page are saved to disk and loaded from disk with the press of a button When a configuration is saved all information including items such as trigger conditions sample rates and channel units are stored Waveform data is not stored at this time but can be saved by pressing the Save button in the Record page When a configuration is loaded all items are restored to their previously saved condition This means that instruNet configurations for specific experiments only need to be set up once And once a configuration is loaded it can be changed and then saved again if needed possibly in a different file e Select the Network page by clicking the Network tab The first two buttons at the top of the Network Page Restore and Store work as a pair Clicking the Store button saves the current network settings to a preferences file within your operating system folder Clicking Restore loads in this file File open and save dialogs do not appear since the Fields are always saved to the same file i e a file with the same name Obviously you loose your last saved network when you press the Restore button careful e Press the Store button to save your current Field settings to disk e Press the Clear button to erase your Field settings to their default values
64. 5 Ch 8 Settings Reference 2 Value I O Specifies realtime value of the channel in engineering Units If the channel is a voltage input this reflects the realtime voltage at the input terminals If the channel is a voltage output this is the voltage at the TTT ee Cteeettrreettttttereetee ett t te ester ececeecuuturteceter rere rrrccrr cece cure trrcceterrrrrrn crc ru rir TTT TTT TITTEN TTT TTT TIITLIT ELETERE E A AA ak Ak a a a Ae ok Aa ea a ea ea ahh User Name Specifies the name of the channel that is shown in the displays e g Pressurel Temp2 RN T TTTTTTTTTTTETTETTTETTTETETTTOTTTTTETETTTEETETTTTTET QANINANNANNANNNNNNNNNNANUNANNNUNNNANANNAANANNNNUNNNNNANUNANANANANNDTINUNNNANANANNNNNAMUNNNANUNNNAANANUNNMANUNUNNNUNAMUNANAANANNAANANUANMANUNUNNNNANANUNNAANANANANANUNAMANUNNNMUNANANURNNANUNNAANANUUNUNNNNNAMUNANNNUNANAANUNAANMANUNUMNUNNANANNNNAANUNAANANNA Sample Specifies the channel s sample rate as a percentage of the master sample Rate rate that is defined in the Timing dialog press Timing in Setup dialog 001 100 For example if the master sample rate is 1Ks sec and Ch1 s Sample Rate is set to 25 then Ch1 will digitize at 250s sec Hardware 3 Specifies parameters that control a Voltage Input channel For more with information please refer to Chapter 2 Working with Sensors and Voltage Chapter 3 Connecting To Sensors Input prrasaaasanaaaaadaaaadaaaAIAAAAAAAANAAIAANAAAIAAAAAAAAAAQI
65. Absolute of Write Read back Digital i Channels Range Accuracy Channels Accuracy Accuracy VO 100 l6ch wi 5V 1500uUV 8ch with 40mV 4 3mV 8 screw 6V 4 150uV 4mA 1KpF Bidirectiona terminal 80mV 45uV Drive TO Bits E E access 4 8mV__H 30uV_ Capability 7 e l 005 Same as iNet 100 yet with 16 additional BNC connectors A voliage inputs 100HC Same as 1Net 100 yet with voltage outputs that have 15mA 0O1uF drive capability Table 1 2 instruNet Network Devices described in this Manual instruNet instruNet includes software to interrogate test configure and do I O with all Software network channels This includes an application program called instruNet World drivers interfaces to C and Visual BASIC instruNet World and the instruNet Driver can configure all I O channels store your settings view digitized data in real time stream data to disk and scroll through your waveform post acquisition instruNet software runs on both a PC and a Macintosh OS gt 8 must boot OS 9 if on OS gt 10 2 Mac Free Updates Free software and manual updates are available on the web at www instrunet com 1 2 Ch 1 Installation Computer Requirements The following table summarizes the computer required to run instruNet Computer OS RAM HD _ Slot Controller Required Required Required Required Required PCI IBM PCor Windows gt 4MB gt
66. Bytes If you have just completed an acquisition with data being sent to RAM and want to save it to disk press the Save button at the top of the Record page This will save all waves to disk You can then load the waves by pressing the Open button If you want to save all scans to disk set the Digitize Into option to To File This will cause all waves to be spooled to disk as they are acquired If you are doing Strip Chart work you can then use the horizontal scroll bar to scroll through the entire stream of data To load in data that was previously saved to disk press the Open button and then select a previously saved wave in the File Open dialog Saving to disk is helpful if your waveforms are longer than available RAM If User Control is selected in the Digitize Into field then data will be saved per the settings in the User Ram Buffer Driver Ram Buffer and File Settings areas which are described later in this manual The Trigger dialog is accessed by pressing the Trigger button within the Setup dialog This dialog is used to specify when digitizing begins after the Start button is pressed as illustrated in Figure 5 10 Trigger Threshold EU Ch 5 Hardware Reference Set Trigger On or Off Trigger when signal passes this threshold value in engineering units Pretrigger Trig Chan Po Trigger from a Rising or Duration in seconds to digitize Network address of the Falling edge signal before the trigger event occurs Trig
67. Description fieldValue Defines a digital bandpass filter For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Working with Digital Filters Selects filter model Off Ellipticz Chebyshev P3 Chebyshev S4 or Butterworths Specifies lower cutoff frequency of the band that is passed Frequencies between PassB F1 Hzs and PassB F2 Hzz7 are passed Specifies high cutoff frequency of the band that is passed Frequencies between PassB F1 Hzs and PassB F27 Hz are passed _ Frequencies above StopB F2 Hzg are attenuated Defines a digital bandstop filter For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Working with Digital Filters Selects filter model Off Elliptic Chebyshev P3 Chebyshev S4 or Butterworths Specifies lower cutoff frequency of the band that is stopped Frequencies between StopB F1 Hie and Stop B F2 Hzg are stopped e attenuated Specifies higher cutoff frequency of the band that is stopped Frequencies between StopB F1 HzZ and Stop B F2 Hzg are stopped i e attenuated Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Ch 8 Settings Reference Settings Group setting Type Constants _4 Defines constants used to calculate engineering units when measuring sensors e g RTD strain gage etc For more information please refer to Chapter 3 Connecting To Sensors Field fiecldNum Field Description fieldValue Specifies value of bridge completion resistor unstrained strai
68. E EE EE ERR E ERR EE EE ERR RE EE E EE ERR E EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERR EE EE ER EE ERR RRE EIERE EE ERR EE EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERR EE EE EE EE EE ERR E ER ER crete EE EE ERR E EE EE E EE EE EEEE EE EE ERR E EE EE RER R This is the address in RAM memory of the Driver Ram Buffer O if not used off The Buffer size corresponds to 1 Scan of data points where Pe Panneauen eene Reef se CoCo ue ECU E RRE ER ER ERR ER E RER EEE EE EE EE EE EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERR E ERR RER E ER ERR E ENEE RER EE EE EE EE E EE E EA Ren n e e Ee ae eee eeh E RER E RRE ER ER EE ERE E EE EEE EE EE EEE EE EE EE EE EE EE EAR ee Be ae enkeek eene ann Enn Rees bhennnnn enne R KEE ERR E EE EE RRE ER Ch 8 Settings Reference Ptr Byte Size3 This is the size of the Driver Ram Buffer in Bytes This is often equal to Se Scan Num Ing 7 Scan Number of last data point pushed into Driver Ram Buffer 1 E GE Pt Num In Point Number of last data point pushed into Driver Ram Buffer 1 PisPerSean COEEELECEECCOCCCeerterrreererrrrererrrretrrrreceirie tio E EEEER EE EELER EE EE EE EE EE EELER E E EE EER e D S RR EE ERE E EEE ENEE E EE EEE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE E EE EE EE EE EEEE ERR E EE ER EEE ER EREE ENEE E EE EEE EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ER EE EE ER EE EE EE EE ENEE E EE KEE EEEE EE E EELER EE EE EE EE EE E EE EE EE EE ER EE EE EE ERR E EE EE EE ER EE EEE ER EE E E EE EEN Dr Num Out7 Point Number of last data poin
69. Each controller manages it s own network of devices In most cases only one controller is necessary The advantage of multiple controllers is that each is its own real time machine and more controllers can do more things simultaneously 2 Install up to 16 Devices on each Network One can attach in daisy chain configuration up to 16 Network Devices to each instruNet Controller Each Network Device has two DB 25 connectors one for network input male and another for network output female To connect a chain of Network Devices one must connect each input connector to each output connector via a DB 25 Male Female cable The Controller is attached to the first device in the chain and an instruNet Terminator is attached to the far 1 3 Ch 1 Installation end of the chain Due to the male female polarization the network cannot be installed incorrectly with instruNet Male Female cables Each Controller includes Timer I O Channels Each Controller except iNet 230 PC Card provides 10 Timer I O channels Each channel can be programmed as a digital input digital output OV 4V TTL compatible clock output or period measurement input Each Controller includes one Terminator One instruNet Terminator must be installed at the end of each network chain This terminator mates with the output connector of the last device instruNet Controllers include an instruNet Terminator therefore they do not need to be purchased separately Caution
70. IES EE 6 9 MODEL OOT LECTRICALISOLATOR airnn 6 10 CHAPTER 7CHANNEL REFERENC E 7 1 CHAPTERS SETTINGS KEREN 8 1 TC 4 Ch 1 Installation Chapter 1 Installation This chapter explains how to install instruNet hardware and software onto your computer and how to verify that your instruNet System is operating properly With new systems it is recommend that you first do the Chapter 1 Installation and then proceed to the Chapter 2 Tutorial instruNet Family Overview instruNet Controller Overview Controllers Network Network Device Device instruNet is a hardware and software product family that enables one to interface computers such as the Apple Macintosh and Windows computers to common laboratory and factory equipment for purposes of data acquisition and control instruNet utilizes a high speed network approach that is both low cost and flexible for providing voltage inputs voltage outputs digital inputs digital outputs and timer I O to the computer Each instruNet Network is controlled by a Network Controller board that installs into acomputer A different controller board is used with each common bus interface e g PCI PC Card yet they are all very similar internally Each Controller is an independent computer in itself that utilizes a powerful 32 bit microprocessor and onboard RAM to control all aspects of data acquisition along its network One can install as many Controllers as desired space permitting since e
71. Is Working Properly discussion in Chapter 1 INSITRUNET HARDWARE SEARCH RESULTS Date amp Times 10 23 1995 19 23 20 Net Dev Mod Device O O 0 Windows XP Version 5 1 2600 O O I instruNet Driver DLL 1 36 4 PCI 1 3 O O 1 instruNet World license 32 048353 62581 I 0 d PCI Controller iNet 200 slot 13 2666KBD jus 95 I L 1 Device iN Net 100 sn37526 Cal 8 27 1997 Rev 3 27 52C 7us 4mA 5 18 Test Big Test Saue As Clear Report Ch 5 Hardware Reference Click the Test button to test all Controllers Devices Modules Channels and software This test requires less than a minute and when done displays an alert similar to that shown to the right A report similar to that shown below is also printed to the Test Page s text window For a list of the error codes please consult Appendix IT instruNet Error Codes For tips on trouble shooting please consult Appendix I We ran 0 542568 million tests and did NOT hit 1 error iohet INS TRUNET QUICK TEST RESULTS Date Times 11 87 1995 eher 4 We ran 0 342569 million tests and did NOT hat 1 error Big Test is identical to Test except it runs continuously until you press the mouse button down and hold it down until the test stops It will run all night if you let it This is helpful at identifying intermittent problems that occur once in a blue moon Loads a text file into the Test page s text editor Saves the contents of the Test page s text editor to dis
72. Low DCHR Pr dh keEE ERR E ERR RRE ERR RER EIERE RER EEE ER EELER E EE EE E EE EE EEN circular digitizing data buffer error where pulled too much on last pull At least one cutoff frequency passband or stopband is needed i for each transition band of bandpass and bandstop digital filters__ Cutoff frequency must be less than half the sampling rate Cutoff frequency negative or frequencies not in ascending order Missing one or more cutoff i frequencies Missing passband ripple and or wag Stopband attenuation ElnvalidArg_ DCIIR ___ Invalid argument _ Necessary or specified filter order is too high maximum order is d Filter order must be even for bandpass and bandstop SS Specified filter order is too Sie Order being automatically increased _ Driver did not get a chance to set the error code therefore Driver or interface to Driver isin trouble settingGroupType i is out of range Module number is out of range Cannot write to this field read only Cannot read from this field write only is too high or low A BAD key was found in the field hierarchy data internal data might be corrupted _ A maximum value is less than a minimum value in the field hierarchy internal data might be corrupted Hierarchical field data is in trouble internal data might be corrupted The channel name is in trouble in
73. MEGA either verbal or written OMEGA warrants only that the parts manufactured by the company will be as specified and free of defects OMEGA MAKES NO OTHER WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED EXCEPT THAT OF TITLE AND ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED LIMITATION OF LIABILITY The remedies of purchaser set forth herein are exclusive and the total liability of OMEGA with respect to this order whether based on contract warranty negligence indemnification strict liability or otherwise shall not exceed the purchase price of the component upon which liability is based In no event shall OMEGA be liable for consequential incidental or special damages CONDITIONS Equipment sold by OMEGA is not intended to be used nor shall it be used 1 as a Basic Component under 10 CFR 21 NRC used in or with any nuclear installation or activity or 2 in medical applications or used on humans Should any Product s be used in or with any nuclear installation or activity medical application used on humans or misused in any way OMEGA assumes no responsibility as set forth in our basic WARRANTY DISCLAIMER language and additionally purchaser will indemnify OMEGA and hold OMEGA harmless from any liability or damage whatsoever arising out of the use of the Product s in such a manner RETURN REQUESTS INQUIRIES Direct all w
74. NNNANNANNANNNNNANNNNNNUNNNNNANANNNANNNANANUNNUNNNNNANUNANENUNANANANANANMANANUNUNANUMUNANANANANANNANUNUMANUNUNNNUNUMUANANANAAANNANANUNAMANUNUNNNNANANUNANANANNNANANUNAMANUNNNMUNANANANANANANNAANANUNNUMANANUMUNANANANANAANUNNANMANUNUMANANUNANNNNRANNNNANANUA Channels Sensor Specifies type of sensor attached to Voltage input terminals Voltage Current Resistance3 Strain Gagey RTDs Types J6 K7 Ts Eo Rio S11 B12 N13 Thermocouple Thermistor 4 Load Cellie Potentiometer 7 _ Accelerometer t Wiring Specifies wiring at Voltage input terminals Vin Vin 1 Vin Gnd Shunt Resistor3 Voltage Dividery Bridges Quarter Bridges Half Bridge Bendy Half Bridge Axial Full Bridge Bendo Full Bridge Axial Dn Full Bridge Axial Uu Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Settings Field ficldNum Field Description fieidvatue Group settingType Hardware Low Base Specifies lowpass analog filter cutoff frequency in Hz e g OHz off Continued _40Hz 4000Hz Integrate Specifies amount of integration i e smoothing in units of seconds Signal are sampled and averaged for the duration specified in this field e Specifies maximum input range for the measured voltage in units of Volts For the most accurate readings specify the smallest range possible e without causing the measured voltage to hit the bound For example if your maximum expected input range is 50 mV select a range of 3V
75. Notice how the Amps units label has now returned to its default setting of Volts e Press the Restore button to restore the previously saved settings Notice how the Amps units label has returned To save the settings to the file of your choosing click the Save and Open buttons e Press the Save button Type a file name and select a file location when the File Save dialog appears Remember where you put this file s Now press the Clear button to clear all settings to their default values e Press the Open button and select your saved file in the File Open dialog 2 19 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Notice how the Amps units label now appears At this time you have 2 files on your hard disk with your saved network settings The Reset button differs from the Clear button in that it resets the hardware in addition to clearing your fields It has the same affect on an instruNet network as restarting the computer For example Reset will reset clock in the controller whereas Clear will not Working with Sensors Any voltage input channel can attach to any of the following Voltage sensors Voltage source Current source Resistance source Strain Gage Load Cell Accelerometer Potentiometer RTD Resistance T or types J K T E R S B and N Thermocouples Sensors can be wired in a variety of configurations including K Th l e l ermocp Differential Voltage Measurement requires 2 voltage input T Thermocpl channels e g Ch1
76. Start button is pressed For example if you digitize 100 pts second with 1000 points per Scan i e 10sec per scan and 10 scans then your entire acquisition would consume 100seconds Pressing the Stop button will halt the digitization process independent of where it is in its cycle The Scan Mode field was discussed in detail in the previous Strip Chart or Oscilloscope Scan Mode discussion The Sample Rate fields specifies the number of points digitized per second per channel All channels run at this rate unless their Sample Rate Field in their General settings area has been modified from its default value of 100 This field enables one to run specific channels at a sample rate less than the master sample rate in the Timing dialog For example if the master sample rate is 1000s sec and a channel s Sample Rate is set to 25 then the channel will run at 250s sec The Calibrate Options Ch 5 Hardware Reference Network BPS specifies the network data transfer rate in units of bits per second On power up the network is set to the fastest possible rate The Switching popup is sets the analog channel switching to Fast or Accurate If Fast is used the system switches from one channel to another as fast as possible otherwise with Accurate the switching 1s a little slower yet provides the amplifiers more time to settle and is therefore a little more accurate The Fields in the Calibration Options dialog are used to Calibrati specify C
77. User Name 17 Sample Rate Sensor Wiring Low Pass Integrate Range NN Ro Rshunt Vout Vinit alpha _ delta Rlead GF v Poisson Digitize On Off Display Min _ Display Max View Show Hide Filter type PassB Ripple StopB Attn _ _ Filter C Order PassB F1 Hz StopB Fl Hz Filter type PassB Ripple StopB Attn __Filter Order PassB F1 Hz StopB F1 Hz Filter type PassB Ripple StopB Attn Filter Order PassB F1 Hz StopB F1 Hz _ PassB F2 Hz StopB F2 Hz SE Filter type PassB Ripple StopB Attn Filter Order PassB F1 Hz StopB F1 Hz _PassB F2 Hz StopB F2 Hz a File Digitize File Name Command Scan Num Ist Pt Num Num Pts Digitize On Off Buffer Addr Ptr Byte Size Scan Num In _ Pt Num In Scan Num Out Pt Num Out Digitize On Off User Ptr Ptr Bytes Size Scan Num In i Pt Num In Scan Num Out Pt Num Out Value Output Units Label User Name ng Ze Sample Rate e Digitize On Off Display Min Display Max View Show Hide oo Value Output Units Label User Name 2 Sample Rate E Digitize On Off Display Min Display Max View Show Hide Digital Out Direction Ch 8 Settings Reference Chapter 8 Settings Reference This chapter summarizes the Settings field groups used by the instruNet field hierarchy Each group may be used many times for example the Display group contains 4 fields Digitize On Off Display Min Display Max View S
78. Warrior C Example and then place the project into the instruNet example folder created in step 3 After creating the project choose Preferences under Edit select PPC Project and set the Preferred and Minimum Heap e application file size to ISOOKB Also select Enable Debugger in the Project menu to turn on source level debugging unless you want to use less ram at run time and do not want to step though the source code and read the documentation Ch 4 Hardware Reference inet CW Example ppc u Sources INET _INT C NET Est C ANSI C4 PPC Lit 49224 10724 ANSI C PPC Lib 54244 13665 SIOUX PPC Lib 17863 Mac Libraries Inter faceLib MathLib pi oi MwCRuntime Lib 10788 2453 8 file s PPC CodeWarrior C Project Add the files INET_INT c and INET_EXn C to the project select Run from the Project menu The main in file INET_EX1 c will first run instruNet World You can view and change fields and record data following the direction in Chapter 2 Tutorial When you quit instruNet World the program will put you in the console window where you can read and write individual fields To exit the console window select Quit from the file menu Some lines of code open the instruNet World window and pass control to instruNet World until the user closes the instruNet World window to return back to the example program Don t let this freak you out Read the example program source code and comments to get a feel f
79. a strong light to make sure the printed circuit board fingers are aligned with their mating connector pins 9 Bolt the board metal I O fence to the computer as needed some computers do this Please skip this step if tightening this bolt causes the card to not seat well in its connector 10 Put the cover back onto the computer as needed 11 Attach the external instruNet Network Devices in a daisy chain configuration as illustrated below Ch 1 Installation DB 25 connector male A E Network C I Device 1 mene Terminator GEG Network C I Device 2 instruNet Controller DB 25 Cable DB 25 connector female Figure 1 5 instruNet Network 12 13 14 15 16 Verifying That Tighten all DB 25 thumbscrews until lightly snug Install an instruNet Terminator on the end of each network It is recommended that the user attach the instruNet instrumentation ground i e instruNet box and instruNet GND screw terminals directly to Earth ground with a l6gauge wire from the left most GND screw on the instruNet box to the closest Earth ground e g screw next to power socket This will reduce the chance of RFI coupling into the instruNet ground and is required if the user wants to meet EC and FCC RFI guidelines If working with an iNet 230 PC Card attach an external power supply e g iNet 311 x 312 x 322 x to the PC Card 5pin DIN connector This supplies power to the external network devices i e
80. able the instruNet network cable or an external power Je Voltage Voltage Source Source supply cable Most amplifiers that supply a Fig 3 1 Singled Ended single ended output signal have their grounds Voltage Measurement Mode tied to earth ground via the power supply with Two Signal Sources cable instruNet channels configured for Voltage measurement return a value in units of Volts The Vin and the Vin screw terminals function identically when used to read single ended voltages e g Chl corresponds to Vin and Ch2 corresponds to Vin on the Model 100 To do a Single Ended Voltage measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Vin GND 3 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 1 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 4 For information on measuring voltages in excess of 5V please see Application Note 82 Measuring Large Voltages 3 7 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Differential Differential Voltage measurement involves reading a Voltage voltage between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin Measurement input terminals as illustrated in the figure to the Voltage right The Gnd terminal is not used when connecting a differential voltage source to instruNet however D you must be careful to insure that the voltage applied to the Vin or Vin
81. ach controller operates independently Each network supports up to 32 Network Devices Each Device is a small box e g 10cm x 12cm x 25cm that is connected in a daisy chain configuration to form a chain of Devices Each network can be up to 300 meters long All networks are anchored with an instruNet Terminator at the far end and an instruNet Controller at the near end This makes instruNet a cost effective method for designing large scale high speed multi channel data acquisition systems The following table lists the instruNet Controllers described in this manual 1 1 Ch 1 Installation Controller Si Computer Required 200 PCI Controller PCI 7 x4 Windows 95 98 Me Nt 2k Xp Computer l l with PCI Rev gt 2 0 compliant 32 bit 5V slot or Macintosh OS gt 8 must boot OS 9 sn nines on OS gt 10 2 Mac with PCI Slot 230 PC Card PC Card 2 x3 Windows 95 98 Me 2k Xp not NT Controller Computer or Macintosh OS gt 8 must boot OS 9 if on OS gt 10 2 Mac PPC G3 G4 gt Powerbook computer i e Models 1400 2400 3400 5300 gt G3 Requires Type I PCMCIA compliant gt v2 1 or PC Card 95 PC Card slot Table 1 1 ES Gone described in this Manual Network Network Devices typically provide voltage input channels voltage output channels Devices digital inputs and digital outputs The following Network Devices are described in this manual Voltage Inputs Voltage Outputs of
82. age Note 209 Getting Started Quickly with Windows document www instrunet com start and then proceed to the instruNet User s Manual Chapter 2 Tutorial to learn more instruNet World Software License Installation Overview IW Installation instruNet World not software is available free of charge and included on the instruNet CD with each 12x0 controller card and at Www instrunet com d The PLUS version referred to as instruNet World or 1W with more features is available at an additional charge under the following product numbers e iNet 350 SerialNumberOfController instruNet World for pre existing 12x0 controller card One must specify the serial number of that controller on their Purchase Order since license codes are keyed to controller serial numbers e iNet 200P instruNet PCI card and instruNet World e iNet 230P instruNet PCMCIA card and instruNet World Since the PLUS software is included inside the NOT plus software one only needs to register the 1W license code described below to enable the PLUS software after installing the NOT plus software e after running the instruNet CD Licenses are issued for each individual controller cards and are keyed to the controller s serial number Subsequently the PLUS features are only enabled in the following cases e A valid PLUS license code is installed yet no controller card is installed e A valid PLUS license code is installed along with it s corr
83. ake sure you are on a Windows Nt 2k Xp computer or later Install the instruNet software as noted above Turn computer POWER off Install the physical instruNet PCI or PCMCIA card Attach the instruNet network devices Attach the instruNet terminator Tighten the thumbscrews and Turn the computer on If it asks for a sys inf driver navigate to Program Files instruNet Internal PCI or PCMCIA Win 2k Xp Driver for PCI inet sys inetpci int or PCMCIA inetpcm sys inetpcm inf The 1230 does not run under Win NT Proceed to To Verify Your System below To install instruNet 1200 PCI or i230 Pemcia HARDWARE SOFTWARE ona Macintosh computer 1 Make sure you are on an OS gt 8 Macintosh must boot OS 9 if on OS gt 10 2 The 1200 requires a PowerPC G3 G4 gt Mac w 1 free PCI slot The 1230 requires a Powerbook 1400 5300 2400 3400 G3 G4 gt Mac with at least one free Type H pcmcia slot 2 Copy the Macintosh instruNet software to your computer from the included instruNet CD in the Macintosh directory or from www instruNet com d If the files are compressed e the file has an sea or at suffix uncompress them with Stuffit Expander gt 5 1 13 from Aladdin Systems Copy into your Extensions folder inside your System folder instruNet Driver ppc If working with SuperScope II use the version of instruNet Driver ppc included with instruNet 3 Turn computer POWER off install the instruNet PCI Pcmcia card
84. alibration parameters as illustrated in Figure EE 5 8b This dialog is opened by pressing the Calibration button inside the Setup Dialog Cal Button Measurement ei CJC Cal Rate br Cal On Digi op Cal On Warm On Auto Cal Rate KR Figure 5 8b Calibrate Options The Cal Button popup controls the function of the Calibration button in the Network page It is set to one of a Measurement instruNet hardware is calibrated when the Network Calibrate button is pressed b Bal Gages instruNet hardware is calibrated and all strain gages amp load cells are balanced when the Network Calibrate button is pressed c Bal Bridges instruNet hardware is calibrated and all bridges e g strain gages load cells potentiometers are balanced when the Network Calibrate button is pressed d Bal VDividers instruNet hardware is calibrated and all voltage dividers are balanced when the Network Calibrate button is pressed Balancing involves reading the voltage across a sensor and placing it into the Vinit field within the Constants settings area This is done to establish a zero point from the sensor and should be done when the sensor is not receiving a stimulus If Cal On Digi is set to On the instruNet hardware is automatically calibrated when the user presses the Start button and begins to digitize If Cal On Warm is set to On the instruNet hardware is automatically calibrated 1Ominutes and 25minutes after the instr
85. ameters such as maximum and minimum acceleration G units and mV per G sensitivity as specified on the physical package label e g one enters 2 if the package label specifies 2 mV G Accelerometers are set up in either single ended or differential wiring mode Figure 3 18 shows a single ended configuration yet one can implement differential by wiring as shown in Figure 3 2 and setting the Wiring field to differential Vin Vin instruNet calculates acceleration using the equations Vmeasure V Vin Vin or Vin or Vin Acceleration G Vmeasure Sensitivity Sensitivity Vmeasure per G as specified on package label GF Vmeasure per G is a fixed value that is specified by the user in the Constants Settings area indirectly if set via the interview whereas Vmeasure 1S Measured in realtime by instruNet To do an Accelerometer measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Accelerometer 2 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings area to accommodate the maximum accelerometer voltage e g 5V 3 Set the GF field in the Constants settings area to the sensors sensitivity in V measure per G units 4 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to either differential Vin Vin figure 3 2 or single ended Vin Gnd figure 3 18 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 10 3 25 Ch 3 Connecting
86. and allows the user to change the field value The function call is defined in the program INET_EX1 C e ReadWriteFields_iNet 4 7 Ch 4 Hardware Reference 9 iE e goto Exit Digitize some analog input channels The C code below calls the function SimultaneouslyDigitizeAndAnalyze which digitizes several channels When writing code that acquires data seamlessly it is important to continuously call Service_All_iNet_Digitize_Buffers while the data acquisition is running This function call is defined in the file Example 1 file e SimultaneouslyDigitizeAndAnalyze Lt lt e Goto Exit 4 Modify the Example source code to meet your own needs Tutorial In summary the Programming Tutorial will involve the following steps Summary 1 Ze Make sure you have done Ch2 Tutorial in its entirety Install your programming environment on your hard disk load an example program shipped with your Programming Language compile and then run to verify that your Programming Environment is set up properly Create a new Folder Directly on your hard disk Make a copy of the instruNet example program and place it into this folder along with include files Compile and link the code If you have any compile or link errors please use the source code to debug the system all source code is provided Run the example programs to verify that the compiler example files driver and computer are all working well together
87. and installation GE eee eee _of instruNet Driver Op to i Please search for iNetErrorCode in file program files instrunet Programming Interfaces Visual C Net Source Bak 200 iNet _int h for details EE 10000 to Controller Status l this is an error code from the Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes Ian ResisterEvor__instruNet c controller Status register i away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help _ WW 1 to OS Error this is an error code from the Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes Operating System away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Table All Error Codes Appendix II 5 Appendix Il instruNet Error Codes Appendix II 6 Appendix IlI Working With Spreadsheets Appendix lll Working With Spreadsheets instruNet supports the acquisition of data into instruNet World with Export to a spreadsheet post acquisition and also supports the digitizing of data directly into an Excel spreadsheet in realtime via the Direct To Excel program described in Chapter 2 Appendix ULI Appendix II Working With Spreadsheets Hokgs Pate amp Time C hanHame VeerHame viituit hints FtsPersean EoreLastiean teInLastiean LstFtTime Gample Period Det Hum devi Hum module Hum chan Hum Fates Baerbouwe st Pata Eite ker La04teges Data une Internal Externuall Interns le External Egis U 00E 1 00e
88. annels Save Print Help Time Waveforms Chl Vint 6 959 1 075 af Frequency Waveform a E a alll h HP pipes if Start vie bb ir n ch ITT i i i 3 333 sie Ea De 5 0 1 25 2 5 3 75 5 6 25 75 675 10 3 sl f i Monday TE 05 2002 05 41 57 Phi Sample Interval 1000 Hz Number of Data Points 10000 Channel 0 Chi Vint Max 2 25 Min 2 25 Channel 1 chg Vin Max 4 57 Min 4 87 s To learn more please press the Help button e Close the VB Scope program by clicking in the upper right corner 2 7 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Digitizing Analog Signals into the Computer The Setup button at the top of the Record page opens a dialog box that effects the manner in which waves are recorded e Click the Setup button to open the Setup dialog as illustrated in Figure 2 1 Hecord Setup a Digutize s Display Pts Per Scan Horiz Scale No Of Scans Horiz Label Relative Time Sample Rate Disp Height Scan Mode Oscilloscope Plot Lines si me __Timing _ Record _ Window Storage Digitize Into To Dam Butte D File Type Binary cl Calibration Hore 1 Cancel OF igure 2 1 The Record Setup Dialog The Setup dialog is used to set the base sample rate the number of points to be acquired per Scan the number of Scans to be acquired and the recording mode i e oscilloscope or strip chart recorder All instruNet Networks are
89. ark this channel for digitizing i e when digitizing 1S started DisableAllChannelsForDigitizing Disable all channels for digitizing Get Net TIMING Parameters Set digitize timing parameters e g sampleRate ptsPerScan etc Set_iNet_TRIGGER Parameters Set digitize trigger parameters e g EPIOGGeEr On COLL Trigger source Service_All_iNet_Digitize Buffers Services internal buffers while digitizing Access_Digitized_Data_In_Ram_Buffer Provides access to digitized data even d ring acquisili on E Simple digitizing is illustrated nicely in Example 2 In summary to digitize one must 1 Ze Ze Call DisableAl1ChannelsForDigitizing to disable all channels for digitizing Specify which channels are to be digitized by calling LoadChannelAddress and EnableChannelForDigitizing for each digitize channel Specify timing parameters e g sample rate with Set_iNet_TIMING_Parameters Specify trigger parameters with Set_iNet_TRIGGER_Parameters Tell the instruNet driver to start digitizing with PRESS_iNet_BUTTON iNetCM BtnPress Record Start Periodically e g 4 times per second call Service_All_iNet_Digitize_Buffers to provide the instruNet Driver time to service internal buffers this is mandatory Call Access_Digitized_Data_In_Ram_Buffer to access digitize data for each channel Additional functions defined and described in C file INET_INT c and in Visual BASIC file INET_Interface
90. arranty and repair requests inquiries to the OMEGA Customer Service Department BEFORE RETURNING ANY PRODUCT S TO OMEGA PURCHASER MUST OBTAIN AN AUTHORIZED RETURN AR NUMBER FROM OMEGA SG CUSTOMER SERVICE DEPARTMENT IN ORDER TO AVOID PROCESSING DELAYS The assigned AR number should then be marked on the outside of the return package and on any correspondence The purchaser is responsible for shipping charges freight insurance and proper packaging to prevent breakage in transit FOR WARRANTY RETURNS please have the FOR NON WARRANTY REPAIRS consult OMEGA following information available BEFORE for current repair charges Have the following contacting OMEGA information available BEFORE contacting OMEGA 1 Purchase Order number under which the product 1 Purchase Order number to cover the COST was PURCHASED of the repair 2 Model and serial number of the product under 2 Model and serial number of the product and warranty and 3 Repair instructions and or specific problems 3 Repair instructions and or specific problems relative to the product relative to the product OMEGA e policy is to make running changes not model changes whenever an improvement is possible This affords our customers the latest in technology and engineering OMEGA is a registered trademark of OMEGA ENGINEERING INC Copyright 2008 OMEGA ENGINEERING INC All rights reserved This document may not be copied photocopied reproduced translated or reduced to
91. at it increases the power dissipated by the resistors which increases their thermal heating which increases the drift from their resistance s at ambient temperature e g typical resistors offer 100ppm resistance drift per degree C change in temperature Resistors with low temperature coefficients e g 25ppm C are helpful if this is a problem Also if noise is a problem it is sometimes helpful to install a capacitor e g 1uF between the Vout terminal and GND at the bridge possibly far from instruNet to hold the excitation voltage steady 3 Shunt Resistors and Bridge Completion Resistors Bridge completion resistors and shunt resistors should be as accurate as possible 1 is often ok 01 is very good and have a low temperature coefficient 3 27 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 3 28 25ppm C is often ok 5ppm C is very good If you use a less accurate resistor we recommend that you measure it with a DVM and then type this more accurate value into the Rshunt field in the Constants setting area To determine the effect of a resistor inaccuracy calculate your engineering units for a typical case and then increase the resistor value by its expected error and note the change in the resulting engineering units output For example if a 1OOohm shunt resistor is used to measure a ImA current source and it changes 1 then the measured reading would change 1 or OImA Several manufacturers of resistors are listed below a Ca
92. ated on the controller board The two connector pins are labeled Ch1 Din and Chl Dout one for digital input and one for digital output With the controller digital outputs 0 to 8V is a logic 0 and 2V to 5V is a logic 1 however with the controller digital inputs O to 8V is a logic 0 and 3 5V to 5V is a logic 1 Also with these signals voltages above 6V or below 6V will result in physical damage careful An instruNet Field is used to specify the function of Channel as digital input digital output clock output or period measurement If digital input or period measurement are chosen the Chl Din pin is used otherwise the Chl Dout pin is used Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial OS wi DS Settings Timer eege Digital In Cik Period 0 0005 Cik Out Hi 0 0005 Cycle time Meas Resol Function Measure Digital In Digital Out Clock Out Period Meas Cycle time High time Figure 2 25 The Timer Settings Area Physically all controller channels are accessed at a 34 pin header connector 025 square pins with 1 spacing located on the Controller board This connector is independent of the DB25 Connector that is used to cable to the network Devices One typically cables to this connector via a 34 wire ribbon cable that terminates outside the computer at a screw terminal panel Please refer to Chapter 1 Hardware Installation for details on cabling and Chapter 6 Hardware Reference for details
93. ation on the menubar and on instruNet World PLUS 1W a version of instruNet World with more features please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus The Network Page Save network settings Save network Clear network settings to a preferences file settings to a disk file and reset hardware Restore network settings Load network settings Clear network from preferences file from a disk file settings E instru Net World Restore Store _ Store _ open save Save Clear Reset Channe Addr i Value Input Uni ts F sRate Sensor Chi Wirt HARARE 0 10446 Volts iol tage DUTOT e e e Mant OPP POU OOOO Teta T errr errrrirt irri Chet Wirt Als O004 15 Ch Wirt AAA UU se Voltage OTTO TTT OTTO Ee re DTD NV OTTO Ch 10 elt OO0262 ch20 Win 00000 1 3 oi tage III m Kl Record Test sont Ki Select Record Select Test Scroll through Scroll through Page Page channel settings channel listing Figure 5 2 The Network Page 5 2 Overview Surfing The Net Modifying Fields Channels Turning A Channel On Ch 5 Hardware Reference The Network Page is used to view and modify Fields that control all Analog Digital and Timer I O channels within an instruNet network These Fields do things like define the cut off frequency of a digital low pass filter set the range of a voltage input or define the type of sensor that
94. bas are listed as follows UTILITY FUNCTIONS iNet_Peek_int16 Reads 16bit integer number from a specific logical address iNet_Peek_int32 Reads 32bit integer number from a specific logical address iNet_ Peek f1t32 Reads 32bit floating point number from a specific logical address Interface Files Ch 4 Hardware Reference iNet_Poke_int16 Writes 16bit integer number to a specific logical address iNet_Poke_int32 Writes 32bit integer number to a specific logical address iNet_ Poke _ f1t32 Writes 32bit floating point number to a specific logical address iNet_Get_VarPtr Returns a pointer to the passed variable iNet_memcopy Copies memory block from one place to another ADVANCED FIELD READ WRITE ROUTINES iNet_int32 Reads or writes to a field via a 32bit signed integer variable iNet_uint32 Reads or writes to a field via a 32bit unsigned integer variable iNet_ 1t32 Reads or writes to a field via a 32bit floating point variable iNet_cString Reads or writes to a field via a C string variable iNet_pString Reads or writes to a field via a Pascal string variable i1Net_DLL Reads or writes to a field via any type of Variable DRIVER ROUTINES Load_instruNet_Driver Loads instruNet driver into memory CloseDriverAndReleaseDriverRam Closes instruNet driver and releases memory Show ALERT if hit _iNet_Error Shows an alert if instruNet hit an error Show_Simple_Alert Disp
95. begins e g begin when the voltage at Channel 1 exceeds 3 Volts In many cases there is no Trigger and the digitization begins when the Start button is pressed To begin digitizing press the Start button in the upper left corner Waveforms will plot across the screen in real time as they are digitized To stop digitizing press the Stop button If the waves had been saved to Ram or Disk Oe via the Digitize Into field in Options dialog then you should be able to scroll through your data with the Horizontal scroll bar If the sample rate is too fast an alert will appear notifying the user to a buffer Ch 5 Hardware Reference Rate Is Too Fast Record Buttons Start Setup 5 16 overflow or sample rate problem This means the computer and or Controller cannot keep up with the incoming data In this case you have several options 1 Reduce the master sample rate 1 e Sample Rate field in Setup dialog or the number of digitized channels 2 Decrease the Sample Rate field in a Channel s General settings area to decrease the sample rate for that specific channel For example if you run 1 channel at 10 of the master sample rate then its sample rate will be 1 10 of that of the other channels 3 Decrease the amount of plotting by reducing the size of the instruNet World window plotting Dots instead of Lines e set the Plots field to Dots in the Options dialog or reducing the plotting density by decrease the Max Pts
96. by a spreadsheet program post acquisition please refer to Appendix III If you want to digitize into a spreadsheet while data is being acquired please consider the Direct To Excel program described here Note that Direct To Excel requires that an 1W license be installed on your computer s In order to run Direct To Excel All of the following must be installed on your computer If this is not the case please proceed to the next section Windows Excel version gt 8 0 i e Microsoft Office gt 97 Windows gt 98 not Windows 95 not Macintosh Wi license see www instrunet com plus for details Windows Net Framework which is included with the instruNet software and is included automatically on Windows gt XP computers o instruNet software gt 2 0 7 1 2003 available at www instrunet com d o O St EN If you are not sure these requirements have been satisfied try running the Direct To Excel program as described below and if it runs ok then you are probably ok e Exit instruNet World and select under the Windows START menu Programs instruNet Application Software Direct To Excel Direct To Excel exe This will run a program shown below written in Visual Basic the source code of which is currently installed on your hard disk You are welcome to modify it instruNet To Excel Control Panel Control Setup Help Setup Channels e Press the Channels button select 2 channels for digitizing i e click in sma
97. cable To test if your fuses are ok measure the voltages at the 5V 12V and 12V screw terminals on the instruNet 100 For example to measure the 5V voltage place one voltmeter lead on the 45V screw terminal and the other lead on the GND screw terminal If the voltage is off by more than 1V a fuse is probably blown in either the instruNet 100 or the Controller card Please contact your instruNet supplier if this is the case Some br EER EE EEREER E EER ER E EEE ER EE EEE ER EE EEEE EEEEEEEEEEEE EE EEEEE EE EEEEREEEEER E EEE ER EE EEE ER EE EE ER EE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERD EE ERR EEEE ER E EEEE ER E EEEER EE EE E EE EE EE EE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EEE ERR EEER EE EE ER E EE E ER EE EE E EE EEE E EELER E EE EE EE EE EE EE E EE EE ERR EER EE EE ERR E E ERR R Appendix Troubleshooting If the instruNet PCI Controller Board is not seen by the instruNet World software After installing the instruNet software per Chapter 1 one can easily verify its installation by running the instruNet World software If on Windows select instruNet World in the instruNet group within the START menu to run instruNet World When this software first opens a list of instruNet resources are listed in a spreadsheet like format If only 3 rows of information are displayed then the software only sees the driver if 15 rows are displayed then the Controller e g PCI is seen as well and if 40 rows are displayed then an instruNet
98. cation Note 58 and 117 URL s www instrunet com 58 www instrunet com 1 17 9 Turn power OFF when cabling Always turn the computer and powered Network Devices Off before adjusting network cables 10 Large networks require external power supplies The instruNet network cable provides power from the computer to the external Network Devices As the number of devices increases more current drawn and the cable lengths increases more voltage drops it becomes increasingly necessary to add an external power supply for the Network Devices We recommend adding an external power supply if your cable is gt 50 meters or for every 4 Network Devices after your 3rd Device In other words only add an external power supply if you have more than 3 network devices or if your network is longer than 50 meters Software Installation To install instruNet SOFTWARE on a Windows 95 98 Me Nt 2k Xp gt Computer 1 Before installing instruNet Software gt v2 0 which includes 1W from CD or from Internet URL www instrunet com d Turn OFF anti virus AV software Disable any Anti Virus Automatically Launch on Startup options Restart your computer login as ADMINISTRATOR if on Windows Nt 2k Xp gt Check that AV software is Off and Make sure that other application programs are Off AV must be OFF after Restart since Installer may Restart several times This is Crucial especially with older AV software that conflicts w modern Windows XP installer
99. cceptable time to transfer a 16bit value on the instruNet network in units of seconds Network BPS7 Specifies the instruNet network data transfer rate in bits per second 100 000 4 000 000 This is automatically set to the fastest possible Tate when instruNet 1 is reset Long network cables and or many network Specifies analog channel switching to run EE or Accurate If Fast is used the system switches from one channel to another as fast as possible otherwise with Accurate the switching is a little slower yet provides the amplifiers more time to settle and is therefore a little more accurate Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference 8 9 Ch 8 Settings Reference Settings Group Ce l os Field e ge d Field Description e settingType fieldNu p fieldValue Trigger 13 Specifies the Trigger condition that must be met before digitizing after the Start button is pressed For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Digitizing Analog Signals into The Computer amp Ch 5 Trigger Options Sets the trigger mode to one of Off Autoz or Norm Off specifies no trigger Norm3 mandates that the digitizing cannot begin until the trigger condition is met and Auto waits for the trigger condition yet Specifies the direction the waveform must cross the threshold in order to trigger Rising or Falling Specifies the Channel number of the trigger channel Defines a buffer
100. check your settings after physically changing your network Typically adding hardware will not cause discrepancies since you are adding Fields that will be kept at their default values when you load in the settings to other fields However if you physically reduce your instruNet network or replace one device with another a settings file may try to set a field that no longer Buttons Restore Store Clear we al y ag a TD Ch 5 Hardware Reference exist and in this case instruNet might show an alert that states it 1s having a little trouble The Network Page has the following buttons at the top of the window Restores the state of all Fields that existed when the Store button was last pressed Restore loads a prf settings file that is kept in an operating system preferences directory You must press Store to save this file before you press Restore Restore and Store are very similar to Open amp Save except Open amp Save show a File dialog that enables the user to pick the file name amp directory whereas Restore amp Store always go to the same file amp directory and do not bother the user with file issues Saves an instrument setup prf file to disk that contains the state of all Fields This preferences file 1s stored within the operating system directory and is reloaded by pressing the Restore button File Save and File Open dialogs are not used since the file name and directory are always the same Sav
101. d i e set in the Setup dialog to Accurate or Fast and the integration time If the Channel Switching field is set to Accurate the signal is given more time to settle after the channel multiplexor is switched Accurate switching has a lower maximum sample rate than Fast switching Integration time is independently programmable for each channel and reduces noise by averaging many samples Also if more than 125 samples are averaged a dithering noise generator automatically turns on to add noise to the input signal This increases the accuracy further by using more a d codes to establish the input volt 6 7 Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 300 Power Adaptor instruNet controllers provide power to external devices however this power is sometimes inadequate due to too many devices on the network or a network length that induces an unacceptable voltage drop between the controller and the devices Subsequently one can insert a Model 300 Power Adaptor inline the instruNet network preferably close to the Devices receiving power and connect an external power source e g iNet 311 x 312 x 322 x Power Supply to the Model 300 External Power Source input connector Multiple Model 300 s can be placed in one network e g place one Model 300 every 4 Devices in a 16 Device network SE instruNet Power Adaptor iNet 300 DIGITAL HIGHWAY Ja1nNdwoy pueMoL Outbound Devices Power In ld earth 2 shield 12V 5A 5
102. d Writing Show Dialog to the Commande field causes the File Open dialog to appear which enables one to modify the Path Name field Commande is used primarily by programmers Table 8 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Field Description fieldValue Defines the vertical scale of Record page Displays and allows one to enable a channel for digitizing If Digitize is set to On the channel is enabled for digitizing when the Start button is pressed in the Record page On or Off2 When turned On within instruNet World Input channels are Digitized and Plotted whereas Output channels are only plotted one must use the iW Control calculate field or Control script to drive output channels When turned On while programming e g C BASIC input channels are enabled for digitizing and their data is sent to data buffers whereas output channels e are placed into the digitize list and fed with data from their data buffers at Show or Hidez Display in Record page while digitizing Defines a buffer in RAM memory that is maintained by the instruNet Driver This is used by programmers to hold digitized data For more information please refer to Chapter 4 Programming If Digitize is set to Ont the channel is enabled for digitizing and the digitized data is sent to the Driver Ram buffer at runtime Ont or a rnneennen EE RE EE EEE RE EE EE EE ER EE ERR ERR ERR RER EE E RER EIERE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE E
103. d while sacrificing accuracy with small voltages e g instruNet can read 5mV more accurately with a 1OmV range than with a 100mV range Please refer to your equation for details on how strain relates to voltage measured 8 Balancing your Bridge with the Vinit Correction Voltage Vinit is the voltage measured across the intermediate nodes of the bridge when the strain gage s are unstrained in a bride circuit This is measured by putting instruNet into Voltage mode Differential Wiring with a low voltage Range e g 10mV and then measuring the resulting bridge voltage e g via the value shown at the bottom of the Probe dialog You must then enter this voltage value into the Vinit field in the Constants settings area reset your Sensor field to Strain Gage and reset your Wiring field to where you had it Subsequently all reported strain values will reflect resistance changes from the unstrained scenario Vinit is used as an offset correction factor to balance the bridge If you do not want to go through the trouble of balancing your bridge simple set Vinit to 0 3 29 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 3 30 9 The Strain Gage GEF Factor All strain gages are manufactured with a specific Gage Factor GF which relates a change in resistance to strain The GF is often printed on the strain gage package and must be correctly entered into the instruNet GF field within the Constants settings area This is used to calc
104. d voltage measurement e read a voltage between an input terminal and ground and are used as a pair when doing differential voltage measurement i e reading a voltage between 2 input channels If instruNet voltage input hardware is not installed you will not be able to digitize Also note that the contents of the Network page may vary depending on what is installed on your computer Chanre Addr j la lue Input Chi Vint teil 0 674899 DST TIGER E ETTESECTES TCTTIEG EGRET Chet Wirt dxd 0 O0035 1 To Enable Disable a Channel for digitizing Attach a signal source If possible attach a signal source to at least one channel s hardware input terminal For example one might attach a Function Generator output to the instruNet Ch1 Vin input terminal and the Function Generator s ground to the instruNet AGND terminal Itis not necessary to connect a signal source to do the tutorial however the displayed waveforms are more interesting if a signal is applied otherwise you get a flat line at OVolts Select the Record Page Select the Record page by clicking on the Record tab at the base of the window as illustrated below Click here to select Record Page 11 O Ch4 Ups O iowNet prf Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Tell instruNet to start digitizing Click the Start button at the top of the window to tell instruNet to record and display channels that have been enabled for digitizing e g Chl Vin
105. ddock Electronics Inc USA telephone 1 541 496 0700 Ask for Greg The Resistor Man or a Resistor Applications Engineer fax 1 541 496 0408 Caddock offers very precise resistors in the 2 to 20 range The MK132 Value Tolerance series parts are 3 4W 30 5Mohms 1 to 5 initial accuracy 50ppm C and the TFO20R Value Tolerance Temperature Coefficient series parts are 33W 1K 2Mohms 01 to 1 5 to 15ppm C They accept VISA and MasterCard have no minimum order and often have items in stock b Digi Key Corporation USA telephone 1 800 344 4539 fax 1 218 681 3380 Part value X ND are 50 1 4Watt 100ppm C temperature drift 1 initial accuracy Resistors that are not too accurate yet very easy to order and are low cost c RN 55 E value 0 1 resistors are a common series that offers 1 8 Watt 0 1 initial accuracy and 25ppm C temperature drift for approximately 1 Also the RNC 60H value 0 1 series is similar yet with 50ppm C temperature drift at 1 4W These are manufactured by folks like IRC Inc and Dale Inc and distributed by companies like Newark Electronics USA telephone 800 463 9275 fax 1 312 907 5217 and Allied Electronics USA telephone 1 800 433 5700 fax 1 817 595 6444 They accept common credit cards and if one series is not in stock ask them to suggest something that is similar 4 Bridge Completion Resistors in Strain Gage Bridge Circuits In a bridge all 4 resistors must be the same value
106. device as illustrated in the figure to the right This involves applying a voltage across the device and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the ratio returning V V engineering units using the equations Fig 3 2b Bridge Ratio Voltage Measurement 3 8 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whereas Vin Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet For more details please see Application Notes 14 Strain Gages 75 Load Cells and 139 Ratio Measurements To do Voltage ratio measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Bridge 3 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of one Ro bridge resistor i e or approx resistance across the device in ohms units 3 d Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify an excitation voltage to be applied to the bridge If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 100 instead of 100ohms to tell the software that the excitation 1s external and then enter the
107. digitizing For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Digitizing Analog Signals into the Computer and Chapter 5 Display Options Specifies the horizontal scale of the displays in the Record page and Probe dialog i e Seconds per horizontal division Use 0 0 to enable automatic scale selection which is based on the sample rate and Scan Specifies the horizontal position of the displays in the Record page and Probe dialog i e seconds associated with the display left edge This in effect is linked to the horizontal scrollbar Specifies whether to plot one dot per data point or to connect data points with lines Lines or Dots2 Lines requires more processor time 2 Specifies where digitized data is saved Off ToRamBuffer2 ToFiles f Overflow Alrt7 or UserControlg Specifies whether or not the instruNet driver shows an alert when the Digitizer buffer overflows Ont or Off Specifies the function of the Digital Timer I O Channels on the Model 200 instruNet Controllers not 1Net 230 For more information please refer to Chapter 2 Working with Controller Digital Timer I O Channels Sets the channel function as one of Digital In Digital Out2 Clock Output3 Period Measurementy See Chapter 2 Working with _ When doing Period Measurement this specifies if the cycle time or the high time is measured Cycle Time or High Time When doing Period Measurement t
108. dll gt 1 40 1 1 These errors are proportional to the temperature change since the last auto calibration For example if we calibrate the 1100 at 25C 1100 box temperature and later the box temperature is 29C then the Voltage inputs will produce measurement errors between 8uV and 8uV 2uV C 4C 8uV In many cases this is not a problem yet with strain gages load cells and thermocouples this could be an issue In order for this auto calibration of thermal offset errors to zero error while digitizing to operate all the 40 4KHz analog filters must be off on all channels within the 1100xx box being calibrated and there must be at least 6ms of time between the total integration time and the sample period For example if one digitizes 4 channels with 4ms integration each 16ms total they would need a sample period of at least 20ms to support this feature To see which channels are set up for auto calibrate offset drift while digitizing set up your recording press the START button to digitize for several seconds press STOP enter calibrate reportOn in the BASIC page press EXECUTE and view the listed channels If your list is empty make sure your AUTO CAL RATE field is gt O make sure all 40 4KHz filters are off and make sure at least one channel has a range lt 80mV large ranges are not affected The Cjc Cal Rate field sets the rate that instruNet hardware automatically reads the temperature of the cold junction compensati
109. e Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Working With Multiple Controllers Triggering Off A Digital Input Next Step instruNet supports multiple controllers 1 e networks in one computer In this case the meaning of the network number becomes more important since it selects a particular network in the data tree from which to operate To digitize simultaneously from multiple controllers one must select channels for digitizing in the Network page any channel combination across all controllers and then press the Start button in the Record page There is one complexity however which is that each controller has its own Trigger settings This is because each controller operates independently e each has its own processor that manages its own data acquisition task To access a Trigger dialog for a specific network press the Trigger button in the Setup Dialog and then select a specific network in the Network popup menu Setting the Trigger with multiple controllers is a little tricky since one controller cannot physically see the trigger signal attached to other controllers and each controller has no way of sending messages to its colleagues in a short period of time To make the digitizing from all networks trigger off the same signal one must attach the trigger signal to one channel from each network and set up the Trigger dialogs for each network to trigger off that one channel in each of their respective networks To trigger off the instruN
110. e Installation iNetErr_ SettingGro setting GroupNum is out of range Make sure the specified settingGroupNum setting group number parameter is correct Press the Search button in the Test page for a _ list of registered Networks and Devices See Chapter7 _ S Check instruNet network cables Make sure a network terminator is i properly installed See Chapter 1 Hardware Installation a ssas se Ca 63 NotSetErr Code iNetErr_ SettingGroup TypeOutOf Range PNE EE EE OutOfRange iNetErr_ Intention 43 iNetErr_Intention Intention number is out of range NumOutOf Range P iNetEm ReadOnly Field PiNetErr_ WriteOnly Field iNetErr_ FieldValue Tried to set a field with a value that OutOfRange iNetErr_ ArgTypeOut ArgType parameter is out of range OfRange iNetErr_ BadKeyIn Field Hierarchy f iNetErr Max LT MinInField Hierarchy PiNetErr_ Hierarchy FieldData i _In Trouble SEP a IO ege EE iNetErr Channel Namelnvalid Qe iNetErr_ tempUnits_ outOfRange iNetErr_ sensorlype_ 7 se i outOfRange i iNetErr_ CircBufErr circular digitizing data buffer error Overflow ERequired_ i fbx_DCIIR EFreqToo Large fx DCIIR PEFreqsNot Ascending_ DCIIR ERequired_ fx_DCIIR PERequired T adelx_ DCIIR EOrderToo T High _DCIIR EEven ndeg DCIR EOrderToo
111. e maximum allowed current specified in the table to the right should not be exceeded else the controller and or the computer could be damaged To power an external device run a wire from a voltage output terminal e g 5V to the device and also run a wire from one of the ground terminals 1 e GND to the device ground Network Interface Network Utilization Occupies physical address in instruNet Network The Model 100 cables to a Controller and or other EES E EE KE Network Devices via DB 25 cables Network Connector DB 25 male connector input DB 25 female Physical Environmental I O Connector Screw Terminals Dimensions 1 8 x 4 2 x 9 Operating Temperature 0 to 70 C Storage Temperature 25 to 85 C All I O signals cable to the Model 100 via screw eA iii Relative Humidity Up to 90 non condensing Power Power Consumption 5V 180mA max 12V 80mA max 12V 80mA max Power consumed by the Model 100 Network Device without additional Network Devices attached without a terminator and without outputs loaded Total system power consumption is the sum of the power consumed by the Controller and each attached Network Device Table 6 2 Model 100 100B and 100HC Technical Specifications 1 Measurement Accuracy 0 70 C no condensation iNet 100xx Rev 3 temperature has not changed since self calibration Accuracies are typical within 2 standard deviations Accuracy is effected by the Channel Switching fiel
112. e presses the Open button in the Record page Onj or Off2 Pasaasaanasaanaaasaanaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaanaaaaa Da ann E EEEE EE EE EE EE EE EE ERR EE EE ERR E ERR ERR EE EREE ENEE E EEEEEE E EE EEE E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE E ERR REE EE REEE EE REE ENEE E EE EEE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EEE EE EE E EE E E EE EE EE EE ENEE E KREE E EEE EE E E EE EE EE EE EE EE EE EEEEEEEEEEEE RER ERR EEREE KEE EE EEE RER EEE ER EE EE EE EEN 8 3 Ch 8 Settings Reference Settings Group setting Type Display Commande Field fieidNum Display Mun Specifies the file type for waveforms saved to disk via the Save button in the Record page Binary Text ASCH Text Merge ASCID3 Binary Mergeg Binary and Binary Merge are fast and compact whereas Text is compatible with other programs such as word processors and spreadsheets Text Merge saves an additional Excel Waveform Data txt text file that contains all waves in one file Binary Merge saves all channels in 1 file and spools to disk very fast whereas Binary saves Pe TOURER CEC rei cutee Cee te ec ctr ur etic re tice ren cece u curren clic reticuren eu teuuutlur uteri tice EE E curler uurruruticrericuren crue u ulti uruticriricuroucuuteu curler utrcterieurou EE EE EE EE REN RN AER E RE ERR E E EEEEEEEEEEE EE EE EE E EEEEE E EEEE RRE E EE EE EE EE EE REENEN Writing New Directory to the Commande field causes a new directory folder to be create
113. eadsheet format and is also a useful tool for navigating around the instruNet data tree The data tree maintains any changes you make until you Reset the network via the Reset button reset the computer or load in new setting from disk via the Restore or Open buttons at the top of the Network page In many cases a user will set the fields as needed stored them to disk and then reload them when instruNet world is first opened Explore Your World hannels 1 Chi Wirt Ch4 Wirt Che Wirt e Exit all instruNet software and run instruNet World Select the Network page by pressing the Network tab at the bottom of the window s Press the Reset button at the top of the window to reset all Fields in the Data Tree Press OK when a dialog asks for confirmation Figure 2 5 illustrates how information is organized in the Network page The channels that are displayed on your computer will vary depending on what hardware is installed therefore don t worry if your screen is a little different from the Figures Channel Network Device Module Channel Adde la lue Inputi Uni ts f sRate Sensor Wiring wef U1 agang Volts 2100 eltage oo Win Gnd ed VATAT 0 000338 Volts 2100 Mol tage Min Gnd i seve AT FOO eT Mots ee tage Ip ed Fields Figure 2 5 Partial view of the Network Page 2 15 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial The Network Page 2 16 Each row in the Network page corresponds to an input or output
114. ed Networks See Chapter 1 Hardware Installation Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct See Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum x Chan um settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum i chanNum settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct Press Reset Button PressResetButton Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum chanNum Chapter 8 o Try reinstalling installing Driver file and make sure you install settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct See correct version of Driver EEN Dress Reset Button Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnect network cable from Controller Controller might need Try giving calling application program more memory Try reducing i the number of points per scan Try a computer with more RAM Appendix II 1 Appendix Il instruNet Error Codes Nei Clan NotBooting PiNetErr_ CtrlrRam NotBooting iNetErr_ DriverDown 22 2 loadFailed 7 iNetErr CtrlrRW TestFailed i iNetErr_ Interface BlockTest Failed TETON TestFailed f iNetErr_ EchoCmd i ToStatus TestFailed iNetErr_ Controller BootTest Failed PiNetErr Controller i FailedToBoot CmdFailed PiNetErr_ QSPI_Busy iNe
115. en doing a Resistance measurement Please refer to Chapter 3 for details on how to use these e Click OK in the Probe Dialog to return to the Network page e Enable the first three voltage input channels for digitizing by clicking once on Column 5 of each channel as illustrated in Figure 2 14 Chanre Addr i la lue Input Chi Vint 21171 2 538149 Pere r errr ttre r rt rrr rrr TTT Perret errr err rer reer Pree teri Tr Chg Wint Pdf dit 0 00040 1 Ch Vint 1 171 0 0075 12 Click here to enable digitizing Figure 2 14 First 3 channels of Model 100 are enabled for digitizing e Select the Record page by clicking on the Record tab at the bottom of the window e Click the Start button to begin recording Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial The Record Page automatically creates a separate display for each recorded channel as shown in Figure 2 15 The actual signal that appears will depend on the connected signal sources e Click the Stop button to Stop recording Figure 2 15 Three Channels in Record Page Each display has a Channel Name box which appears to the right of the display as shown to the left and in figure 2 15 This box displays the channel name and the real time channel value in Engineering Units e Click on the Channel Name box of the top most display to open the Probe dialog at the Display settings area as show in Figure 2 16 Digitize Un bi Display Man f Display Min D View Show Figure
116. ensor is connected to your physical hardware terminals instruNet has no way of seeing what is out there For more detailed information on connecting sensors to instruNet please refer to Chapter 3 Connecting to Sensors e Click on the Wiring popup and view the choices as illustrated to the left The Vin Vin option is used for differential Voltage measurements to measure the voltage between the Vin and Vin terminals The common signal on both terminals is ignored and therefore this technique can be used to reduce noise The Vin Gnd option specifies Singled Ended voltage measurement which measures the voltage between the voltage input terminal and the Ground terminal The latter 6 options Q Bridge Half Bridge Bend Half Bridge Axial Full Bridge Bend Full Bridge Axial I and Full Bridge Axial II are used to specify a wiring options when working with a Strain Gage sensor These wiring options are described in more detail in Chapter 3 e Click on the Range popup and view the options as illustrated to the left Select the largest range e g 5V This Field specifies the voltage input range Accuracy is increased as the range is reduced For example a 80mV range might be accurate to 45uV whereas a 5V range might only be accurate to 1 5mV If you input a voltage in excess of a bound the bound is read For example If you apply 3V a voltage input with a 1 25V range then 1 25 will be read by the computer e Click in
117. equations and returns Voltage Divider Circuit strain engineering units Reage Ohms Rshunt X Vin Vin Vout Vin Vin Strain 1 GF Roi Rgage Roi Ro is the resistance of the unstrained strain gage and Rgage is the resistance of the gage when strained Voltage divider circuits are less accurate than bridge circuits when measuring small resistance changes which are typical in strain gage measurements but are easier and less expensive to build For strain gage measurements a bridge circuit is highly recommended over a voltage divider To do a strain gage measurement using a Voltage Divider you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Strain Gage 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage Divider 3 Set the Voltage Range field in the Hardware settings area to something similar to Vout Ro Rshunt Ro 4 Set the Rshunt field in the Constants settings area to the value of your external user supplied Rshunt resistor in ohms units 3 6 5 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of your gage when unstrained in ohms units Set the GF field in the Constants settings area to the gage s gage factor 7 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the excitation voltage that is to be applied to the divider In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to e
118. er off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Too i i a Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest version of instruNet Driver ___might help _ SS Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest version of Driver might help Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest vers of instruNet Driver might help _ ee Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest vers of instruNet Driver might help oo Power computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest vers of instruNet Driver i might help ae Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest vers of instruNet Driver _Lmight help Power Computer o
119. eral settings area Figure 2 6 The Probe Dialog The Probe Dialog Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Using the Probe dialog any Field within the instruNet Data Tree can be viewed or modified The upper most 4 popup menus specify a channel address e Network Device Module Channel the Settings popup specifies a Setting group e g General Lowpass Filter Highpass Filter etc and the Settings area shows between 1 to 8 Fields depending on the Settings group selected For example in Figure 2 6 we are viewing the General settings for channel Ch Vin which is physically connected to the Ist Device a Model 100 attached to the Ist Controller i e Network which is plugged into computer slot 12 The General settings group contains 4 Fields Value Input Units Label User Name and Sample Rate The Value Input field shows the real time current value of the channel Units Label is the displayed label for the channel s value e g Volts Amps CH User Name is the user s name for the channel e g Temp 1 Pressure 2 etc and Sample Rate is the speed as a fraction of the Master Sample Rate that the channel is digitized e g 50 would mean the channel is digitized at one half the sample rate specified in the master Setup dialog The small display at the bottom of the Probe dialog shows a plot of the current real time value of the Channel e Click on the Units Label field and change Volts to Amps Click OK to exit the Probe dia
120. erminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the force using the equations Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Force Kg Vratio Sensitivity Sensitivity Vmeas per Vexc per Kg as specified on package label Ro bridge resistance in ohms GF Vmeasure per Vexcitation per Kg as specified on the physical sensor label Vinit Voltage measured with O force used to calibrate 0 and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area indirectly if set via the interview whereas Vjn Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet For more details please see Application Notes 14 Strain Gages 75 Load Cells and 139 Ratio Measurements To do a Load Cell measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Load Cell 2 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings area to 10mV 3 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of one Ro bridge completion resistor in ohms units gt 4 4 Set the GF field in the Constants settings area to the sensors sensitivity in Vmeasure per Vexcitation per Kg units 5 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the voltage that is to be applied to the bridge 1 V is typical If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 100 instead of 100
121. es a prf instrument setup file to disk that contains the state of all Fields scripts and user defined objects The user specifies the file name and location within the standard File Save dialog Loads a prf instrument setup file from disk that contains the state of all Fields scripts and user defined objects The user must pick a previously stored settings file via the standard File Open dialog Delete channel settings scripts and user defined objects e g popup menu edit field etc Same as the Clear button yet also Resets all instruNet hardware Calibrates all instruNet hardware To set up this button to also balance strain gages and load cells at O uStrain or 0 Kg force press the Setup button in the Record page press the Calibration button set the Cal Btn field to Bal Gages and then exit the dialogs For more details on Calibration options please Application Note 67 5 5 Ch 5 Hardware Reference The Record Page The Record Page is used to view recorded 1 e digitized waveforms in real time store these waves to disk load them from disk and scroll through them post acquisition The Record page illustrated below is chosen by pressing the Record tab at the base of the instruNet World window Stop recording Save waves to disk Load waves View amp edit Start recording from disk Setup options instruNet World aer T son Lope see T e WEE Network EM es BCEE D Select Network Select Test Scroll throu
122. es connected to the Network ree 2 Tell the instruNet software which Sensor is connected Set the Sensor popup in the Hardware settings area of the Probe dialog to the correct Sensor e g Volts J Thermocouple etc The sensors to choose from are listed in the first column of the Sensor Hook up Table at the beginning of this chapter Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors meiner Network Address Network Device i odule Channel gi Slotd f 1 100 z 1 100 Ch Vin a Sensor Voltage fo Yoltage Wiring Current Resistance Low Pass Strain Gage ATO Integrate J Thermocpl K Thermocpl T Thermocpl E Thermocpl R Thermocpl D Thermocpl D Thermocpl Tee Vue CT Vine 2 700806 Volts _ Update _ ermistor Load Cell Potentiometer Accelerometer To set the Sensor popup one would 1 Open the instruNet World window by launching the Windows inst ruNet World Win32 exe or Macintosh instruNet World Mac application program e g double click on its icon 2 Click on the Network tab at the bottom of the window to select the network page 3 Click on the name of your channel in the left most column to open the Probe dialog Select Hardware in the Settings popup menu Select the desired sensor in the Sensor popup menu as illustrated in the previous figure a 3 Tell the instruNet software how the Sensor is wired Set the Wiring popup in the Hardware settings area of the Probe dialog to the cor
123. esponding controller card e instruNet software is running in Demo mode and simulating a controller card To install an 1W license on your computer and enable its powerful features on Windows 98 Me Nt 2k Xp gt computers W is not supported on Macintosh Ch 1 Installation In order to proceed you must have purchased instruNet World OW software and have received an 1W license code for your controller card To learn more about PLUS please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus Install instruNet software Version gt 2 0 onto your computer via the instruNet CD or from web URL www instrunet com d Launch the instruNet World software by double clicking on its icon or by selecting START gt Programs gt instruNet gt instruNet World exe Select Install instruNet World Script License in the Script menu Enter your license code 1 e in the zz ssssss yyyyy format into the license field note that 0 refers to number 0 Press Ok and a confirmation alert will appear To view the status of your license press the Test tab at the bottom of the window and then press the Search button From this point forward whenever you run instruNet World on this computer e START gt Programs gt instruNet gt instruNet World exe you will be running 1W Since the license code is stored in a file within the System directory installing newer ve
124. et 100 Ch25 Digital Input specify this channel as the trigger source attach your trigger signal to Ch25 DIO8 and set the trigger threshold to 200 When DIOS is high 1 e 2 5V Ch25 is read as 128 255 and when DIOS is held low i e 0 8V Ch25 is read as 0 127 This concludes the tutorial From here you might consider exploring the following areas Chapter 3 Sensor Reference which summarizes how to connect sensors Chapter 4 Programmers Tutorial which is a tutorial designed to get programmers up and running quickly 2 37 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial 2 38 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Chapter 3 Connecting to sensors This chapter describes how to connect sensors to instruNet hardware and how to configure instruNet software for each type of sensor instruNet allows different sensors to be connected directly to each input channel including RTD s thermocouples load cells accelerometers potentiometers strain gages resistance sources current sources and single ended and differential voltage sources In some cases the user must add an external resistor to facilitate the reading of a sensor instruNet supports a direct connection returning native engineering units to the following sensors Sensor Units Wiring Constants e E Voltage Volts single ended None measure voltage between Vin amp Gnd Voltage Volts differential none measure voltage between Vint amp Vin a Voltage W V _ bridge Viinit Wout measure
125. etwork as illustrated in Figure 6 2 The 1230 has the same capabilities as the 1200 PCI controller except it requires an external power supply e g iNet 312 8 it does not provide 10 counter timer channels and it is not compatible with Windows NT Device 2 Device 1 Oo E DB 25 cable Terminator 2a gl ee ei instruNet HEI GEE Ge instruNet Network Controller iNet 230 16bit 2 1 Compliant PC Card 5V 5A 5 MB Memory Space Part 15 FCC Class A and CE Compliant instruNet Network Connector DB 25 female instruNet Network Power Input Connector Spin DIN female Fig 6 1b Model 230 instruNet Controller The physical specifications for the Model 230 Controller is as follows Network Connector DB 25 female connector Network Power Input Connector Spin DIN female connector Network Data Throughput 100Kbits sec to 4 000Kbits sec Dimensions WIKIA Temperature Range Operating 0 to 70 C Storage 25 to 85 C Relative Humidity Up to 90 non condensing Power Consumption 5V 5A max Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 100 100B and 100HC Network Devices Units stack via mating Slide 187 x 067 4 40 hex top bottom rails nut small format nut into groove to mount enclosure Power Ch 25 Digital I O Ch 1 24 Voltage available to Inputs amp Voltage user Outputs Fig 6 2 Model 100xx Network Device Connector Layout Model 100xx Connector I O Terminals Specificat
126. fer in sequence first in first out A typical example of how a data acquisition program using Oscilloscope mode would work is as follows first the program would wait for the user specified trigger condition and then acquire the first scan of data next the program would process the acquired scan i e display analyze save to disk while instruNet continued to acquire scans in the background based on the trigger condition while the processing is going on next the program would retrieve the most recent scan from the queue ignoring older scans In the Oscilloscope case the scan returned from the buffer will always be the most recently acquired scan and all other scans in the buffer will be ignored For example if each scan were 10ms long the trigger condition was set to none and the processing took 40ms then the program would retrieve the first scan process it and then retrieve the 4th of the 4 queued scans i e the most recent scan that had accumulated in the buffer while it was processing the first scan The 3 other older scans would be discarded If the example above were done in Oscillo Queued it would work as follows first the program would wait for the user specified trigger condition and then acquire the first scan of data next the program would process the acquired scan i e display analyze save to disk while instruNet continued to acquire scans in the background based on the trigger condition next the program would retrie
127. ff then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnecting network cable from Controller might help Controller might need service Latest vers of instruNet Driver EE help iNetErr_ Controller 7 Controller failed to execute o mera ed Command iNetErr_GUI Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes i away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help re Try reinstalling installing Driver file and make sure you install correct version of Driver _ Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes i away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help E Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes d away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help GE Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes d away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help SCH Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes d away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help E Check instruNet network cables Make sure a network terminator is properly installed See Chapter 1 Hardware Installation SE Make sure you installed the correct instruNet Driver file at the correct location on your computer See Chapter 1 Software Installation _ NN Make sure the specified netNum network number parameter is correct Press the Search button in the Test page for a list of EES Networks See Chapter 1 Hardwar
128. from one of the Controller power terminals to the external device s power input and also attach a wire from the Controller s Gnd terminal to the external device ground Ch 6 Hardware Reference Specifications typical at 25 C Digital Inputs Digital Input Port Input Levels Period Measurement Measured Period Range Resolution Digital Output Port Logic Output Levels Clock Outputs Duty Cycle Range Period Range Time Base Accuracy Output Signal 5V 12V 12V 1 non latching input bit per channel Vig 3 5V min 6V max VIL 75V max 6V min Ig 120uA V 3 5V IL 6mA max VHYSTERESIS 5V 1Cycle 3us 16ms 25us or 3ms 32sec Ims gt I Cycle 3us 4 1sec 25us or 3ms 16Ksec lms 1Cycle 16bits gt 1 Cycle 24bits nia 1 latching output bit per channel TTL compatible VoH 2V min 5V max VoL 0 5V max OV min Jon 12mA max IOL 24mA max 01 to 100 Susec to 536 sec programmable 0 01 TTL Compatible ata 300 mA max 50 mA max 50 mA max Table 6 1 Model 200 Controller 34 pin Connector Technical Specifications The Model 230 PC Card Controller does not include the 34 Pin Digital I O Connectors and its signals 6 3 Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 230 PC Card instruNet Controller Specifications The Model 230 PC Card 16bit PCMCIA instruNet Controller attaches to a personal computer via a 16bit PC Card slot to drive an instruNet n
129. g field in the Hardware settings area to Bridge 3 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of one Ro bridge completion resistor in ohms units 1 3 4 d Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify an excitation voltage to be applied to the bridge If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 100 instead of 100ohms to tell the software that the excitation 1s external and then enter the external excitation voltage in the Vout In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 5 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 5 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 5 10 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Strain Gage Strain measurement using a voltage divider Measurement circuit involves connecting a Strain gage 1n z Voltage Divider series with a shunt resistor of known value Circuit applying a voltage across the pair and o measuring the voltage across the strain gage as illustrated to the right The voltage across the strain gage is measured between a pair of D instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals So while the excitation voltage for the divider is S supplied by the instruNet Vout terminal instruNet calculates the value of the strain Fig 3 6 Strain Gage Measurement using the following
130. ge and the next falling edge The Meas Cycles field varies from 1 to 255 and sets the number of cycles or high times that must occur over the measured duration For example measuring 10 cycles of a 1KHz square wave would return 10ms whereas measuring 5 high times of a 20KHz square wave would return 125us If the Meas Resol popup is set to 25us the measurement is accurate to 25us and the falling edge to falling edge time or rising edge to falling edge must range from 3us to 16ms if Meas Cycles is 1 and Aus to 4 1sec if Meas Cycles gt 1 Otherwise if the Meas Resol popup is set to Ims the measurement is accurate to Ims and the falling edge to falling edge time or rising edge to falling edge must range from 3ms to 32 secs if Meas Cycles is 1 and 3ms to 16Ksec if Meas Cycles gt 1 Table 2 2 shows which Fields are used for each of the different functions instruNet ignores settings not needed for a particular function For example if Digital Input or Digital Output is selected in the Function popup instruNet ignores all other Fields in the Timer area Digital In 2 Digital Out 2 Clock Out 2 Period Meas ar not use notused used st Dotused not used not used used not used not used not used i i used not used not used not used used not used not used not used used Table 2 2 Fields used with different Controller Digital I O Functions We will now set up one channel as a clock output and measure i
131. ger Source Getting Ready to Digitize Digitizing If Your Sample Figure 5 10 Trigger options The Trigger field is used to specify no trigger Off Automatic trigger or Normal trigger Normal trigger will wait forever until the trigger condition is met whereas Automatic will trigger after several seconds even if the trigger condition is not met The Threshold EU field is used to set the threshold level in engineering units that the incoming signal must pass in order to trigger The Slope field sets the trigger condition for either a low to high pass through the threshold Rising or a high to low Falling The Network number Device number Module number and Channel number fields are used to specify the network address of the input channel that is to be used as the trigger source For example 1 1 1 1 would specify the first channel within the first module in the first device tied to the first network Before you digitize you might want to view the settings in the Setup dialog box which is opened by pressing the Setup button at the top of the Record page This dialog s fields are described in detail in the previous pages In summary one must specify the number of samples digitized per second per channel 1 e sample rate the number of points per scan the number of scans and weather or not the scans are continuous i e Oscilloscope or Strip Chart Recorder mode The Trigger dialog is used to define when the digitizing
132. gh Click here to Channel Channel real Page Page acquired data change name time value channels parameters Figure 5 4 The Record Page Setting Up A display is shown for each Channel that has previously been turned On For Channels example in Figure 5 4 one channel i e Chl Vin has been turned On To learn how to turn Channels On and Off please consult the Turning A Channel On discussion earlier in this chapter The horizontal scroll bar is used to horizontally scroll through waveforms post acquisition and consequently sets the time of the left edge for all displays The minimum display height is about 2cm therefore if more displays exist than there is room only a subset will be shown and the user can vertically scroll through the viewed subset with the vertical scroll bar Setting Up To adjust the engineering units value that corresponds to the top Displays and bottom of each display click on its label pictured to the left 5 6 Ch 5 Hardware Reference at the display right edge The Display dialog will open as illustrated below Settings Display ln If On the channel is digitized and displayed if the Record page is open when the START button is pressed otherwise it is dormant while Digitizing Disp Mau EU So This corresponds to the vertical axis value in engineering units at the top of a This corresponds to the vertical axis value in engineering units at the bottom Display eer of
133. gitized signal at the bottom of the probe dialog after making different selections you might not be able to do this until you are further along in the set up process 8 Set your Digital filters as needed If you need to do a digital low pass high pass band pass or band stop filter on your digitized waveform please set the fields in the filter Settings areas e g Low Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Pass High Pass as desired Digital filters are run on the waveform post acquisition and only effect digitized waveforms not single values read by instruNet Please refer to Ch2 Tutorial Setting Digital Filters for an expanded discussion of this powerful feature 9 Consult the Sensor Reference for specifics Carefully implement the Sensor Reference instructions for your particular sensor later in this chapter and read the corresponding footnotes at the end of this chapter Different sensors require different range filter and constants settings and care should be taken to insure accurate results 10 Check your Work To check your work view the incoming signal in realtime at the bottom of the Probe dialog 10 8 11 11 2 11 4 Secs Chl Mint 2 3418 Uol ts This display shows the sensor s value in realtime in native engineering units e g Volts Amps degrees Celsius strain based on your software settings and external hardware wiring The numerical value displayed at the bottom right is the actual real time value being read by
134. gned 22bit integer 0 to 4 294 967 295 iNetFLT32 32bit floating point number instruNet defines a number of macros for the more common driver calls The macros are defined in file INET_Mcs H The macros are platform machine and operating system independent An example of a macro call 1s OPEN_instruNet_WINDOW instruNetCM_OpenWindow_Network which when called will open the Network Page of instruNet The Network Page could also have been opened by directly calling the instruNet C function iNet netNum_DRIVER deviceNum_CONTROLLER moduleNum_lstModule driver_ChanNum_OpenWindow sgt_General fldNum_General valuekKu intention_setValue instruNetDT_INT16 void gINT16TempArg specificPage amp gINTl6TempArg amp gGINT1L6oTempArg Example 1 does the following things using the instruNet interface functions Ch 4 Hardware Reference Code C source code is shown in Courier font 1 Load instruNet Driver The C code below calls Load_instruNet_Driver to load the instruNet Driver and to get the number of installed controller cards If the driver does not load properly an error is returned and Show_ALERT_if_hit_iNet_Error displays a dialog box with an error code Please consult Appendix IH for more information on error codes iNetError e iNetINT16 driverIsInstalledOK numNetworks e Load AnSstruNnet Driver TRUE reset iAnseEruNnet y amp driveriIsInstalledOK amp numNetworks if e iNetErr_ None
135. h 3 Connecting to Sensors To check your saved settings exit instruNet world re enter instruNet e g launch Windows instruNet World Win32 exe or Macintosh instruNet World Mac press the Network tab at the bottom of the window to select the Network page press the Open button at the top of the window select your saved settings file this will load your save settings click on the channel that you just set up and then view the realtime display at the bottom of the Probe dialog Alternatively one could press the Store button to save the settings directly to a preferences file in the operating system folder and then press the Restore button at a later date to restore them The advantage of Save Restore is the user does not need to specify a file name or file location whereas the disadvantage is the saved file is overwritten the next time someone presses Store Sensor Reference instruNet connects directly to a variety of sensors and returns engineering units as summarized in the following pages Each sensor must be wired exactly as shown in the following figures and the software must be configured exactly as described in the adjacent instructions Single ended Single Ended Voltage measurement involves Voltage reading a voltage between the Vin or Vin Measurement instruNet input terminal and the Gnd input terminal as illustrated in the figure to the right The Gnd terminal is typically tied to earth ground through the user s c
136. h display in the Record page in pixels If the number of waveforms being digitized is greater than the available space on the screen only a subset are EN displayed and the vertical scrollbar selects that set For example if the Record page is 1000 pixels high the Disp Height field is 100 and one is digitizing 512 channels the maximum amount only 20 would be shown at one time and the vertical scrollbar would select that set of 20 In another example if the window was 640 pixels high one was digitizing 32 channels and one wanted to see all channels at once one would need to set the Disp Height field to 20 1 e 20 pixels 32 channels 640pixels Another technique is to hide individual displays by setting the Display View field to Hide for each channel that you do not want a Display in the Record page One does this by opening the channel options dialog for each channel you want to hide select the Display setting and then set the Display View field to Hide If you want to view channels numerically then please consider Panel Meters which are only available in 1W described at www instrunet com plus The Horizontal Label field allows one to show either Relative time or Time of Day in the Record page horizontal timescale as illustrated below Relative time shows the number of seconds since starting the digitization at 0 seconds Time of Day shows the time of day as known by the computer s clock For example if you start digi
137. hat reflected the offset error e g internal 100 C internals 0 0 C external 102 C external 2 0 C Notice that Mapping can be used to correct for an offset error by adding a constant and can correct for a gain error by multiplying by a constant The Mapping setting area describes a line using two different methods two points x1 y1 x2 y2 and y x scale offset One can use either method For example instead of setting the above 4 values one could have set the Offset field to 2 0 to show a 2 C Offset When the Scale or Offset fields are changed the x1 Y1 X2 y2 fields update automatically to reflect the new line when the OK or Enter button is pressed Working with Digital Filters All voltage input channels support digital lowpass highpass bandpass and bandstop filters The cut off frequencies minimum dB stopband attenuation Oe filter order maximum dB passband attenuation and filter type e g elliptic Chebyshev B Chebyshev S and Butterworth can all be programmed separately for each channel via the Lowpass Highpass Bandpass and Bandstop Settings areas In fact these 4 models can be run at the same time i e in serial to simultaneously do lowpass bandpass bandstop and highpass filtering on the same channel For example one might only want to see frequencies between 20 and 1000Hz except for the 55 to 65 band This would involve a highpass filter at 20Hz a bandstop filter between 55 and
138. his specifies the measurement Meas Cycles Table A accuracy to one of 25us1 or 4msz When doing Period Measurement this specifies the number of cycles or high times that must elapse during the measured duration 0 255 1 Channel Setting Group Reference Settings Group setting Type Timing 17 Field ficlanum Digitize Bis Per Scan2 Sean Modeg Sample Rates Min sec tsfr Switching Ch 8 Settings Reference Field Description fieldValue Specifies parameters for the DSP based digitizing via the Model 200 and 230 instruNet Controllers For more information please refer to Ch2 Digitizing Analog Signals into the Computer amp Ch 5 Timing Options Turns digitizing on or off for all channels Ont or Off2 This field Lis automatically set to Uni when the Start button is pressed and Off Specifies the number of points TEE for each Scan at the master Ba Rates l Specifies whether consecutive Scans are continuous with respect to each other Strip Chart Oscilloscope2 Oscillo Queued3 Please refer to Chapter 5 Strip Chart and Oscilloscope Scan Modes tor details Specifies the master sample rate in units of samples per second per channel If the specified rate is too fast instruNet will adjust to the fastest possible rate All channels run at this rate unless their Sample Rate field is requesting a slower rate Specifies the minimum a
139. how Hide and is used with 25 Channels in the Model 100 hardware device Each Settings group contains 1 to 8 fields as described in the following table And each field can be set to a different value as described in this table For Programmers Each Setting Group has an associated settingType value which are passed to the iNet subroutine in the settingGroupNumOrType argument These are listed in the Ist column of the table in subscript form For example the settingType of the Filter Settings group is 11 These are also listed in the 1on_settingGroupType area of the interface h file Each Field has an associated fieldNum value which are be passed to the Neu subroutine in the fieldNum argument These is listed in the 2nd column of the table in subscript form For example the fieldNum of the PassB Ripple field within the Filter Settings group is 2 These are also listed in the fldnum_ areas of the interface h file Some Fields have several possible values which are passed to the iNet subroutine in the ptrToArg argument These are listed in the 3rd column of the table in subscript form For example the fieldValue for the Elliptic option of the Filter field within the Filter Settings group is 2 These are also listed in the fldnum_ areas of the interface h file 8 1 Ch 8 Settings Reference Settings Group setting Type Bandpass Filter _10 Bandstop Filter ui Field fieidNum Stop B F2 Hzg Field
140. hs from date of purchase OMEGA s WARRANTY adds an additional one 1 month grace period to the normal one 1 year product warranty to cover handling and shipping time This ensures that OMEGA s customers receive maximum coverage on each product If the unit malfunctions it must be returned to the factory for evaluation OMEGA s Customer Service Department will issue an Authorized Return AR number immediately upon phone or written request Upon examination by OMEGA if the unit is found to be defective it will be repaired or replaced at no charge OMEGA s WARRANTY does not apply to defects resulting from any action of the purchaser including but not limited to mishandling improper interfacing operation outside of design limits improper repair or unauthorized modification This WARRANTY is VOID if the unit shows evidence of having been tampered with or shows evidence of having been damaged as a result of excessive corrosion or current heat moisture or vibration improper specification misapplication misuse or other operating conditions outside of OMEGA s control Components in which wear is not warranted include but are not limited to contact points fuses and triacs OMEGA is pleased to offer suggestions on the use of its various products However OMEGA neither assumes responsibility for any omissions or errors nor assumes liability for any damages that result from the use of its products in accordance with information provided by O
141. i file Binary format or slow generic text format as determined by the File Type field in the Digitizer Channel within the Driver If Text Merge is selected in the File Type popup an additional Excel Waveform Data txt text file is saved that contains all waves in one file one column of text per wave This is useful when transferring data to a spreadsheet Binary Merge saves to disk faster than Binary yet consumes more RAM memory Opens the Record Setup dialog as described in the previous pages Test Page Ch 5 Hardware Reference Prints the recorded waveforms to a hard copy printer at the horizontal scale specified in the Record Setup dialog e which is mirrored at the front panel horizontal scale popup menu Multiple pages are printed as required For example if the waves are 100 seconds long the horizontal scale 1s set to lsec division and the paper is 20 divisions wide each grid division 1s approximately 1 x 1 cm then 5 pages will be printed If the horizontal scale is set to AUTO the entire digitization is printed on one page Printing requires instruNet World PLUS OW The Test Page illustrated in Figure 5 12 is used to determine what instruNet hardware is attached to your computer and to test all instruNet hardware and software After each test a report is printed to a miniature text editor within the Test Page The user can then type notes into this window and save them to disk as a text file to later be opened with the
142. iNetErr_ RanOutOf Memory time out at controller crashed controller BN time out at controller crashed controller mun crashed controller Possible Cause S no error i instruNet has not been initialized instruNet initialization failed Device number deviceNum is out of range EE KEES 7 instruNet Controller not found specified net device module chan setting field does not exist aa i failed the CopyWaveData test or bad instruNet Driver file 7 compressor hit error instruNet Driver ran out of memory chanNum Chapter 8 EEEN i H Pe BadficldNat OTT bad datatype SCtCS b Possible Solution The operation was successfully completed TT doing things differently and hope it goes away _ Check cables Try pressing the Reset button See Chapter 1 Check network cables and termination Check software installation Try pressing the Reset button SC Make sure all hardware Devices are connected and powered on Press Search button in Test page for list of registered Devices Make sure the specified deviceNum is correct See Chapter Make sure the specified chanNum channel number parameter is correct See Chapter 7 Make sure the specified fieldNum field number parameter is correct See Chapter 8 a Make sure the specified netNum network number parameter is correct Press Search button in Test page for list of register
143. ile name before digitizing and send the data directly to disk Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial The main issue when digitizing directly To File is How are you going to deal with all that data on disk instruNet World will not allow you to load it into ram since file based data is typically too large to fit into ram and then save it back out in another file format It will only allow you to scroll though and view the data it automatically pages in segments from disk as needed for display And to digitize To Disk quickly you need to use the Binary Merge File Type which interlaces all channels into one file in 32bit floating point form There is physically no other way to spool to disk at fast rates without saving in this manner Therefore to process a large disk based stream one typically needs a software package that interprets 32bit floating point interlaced data For details on this file format please the File Format Application Notes If you want to save data to a spreadsheet program post acquisition please refer to Appendix III If you want to digitize directly to a spreadsheet while acquiring data please see the Digitizing Directly to Excel discussion later in this chapter To learn more about Setup Options please refer to the Record Page discussion in Chapter 5 e Try various options and settings to gain some familiarity with the wonder world of instruNet World Some things to try are listed below Press the Start but
144. in the Constants Settings area whereas Vin Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet Ro and Unstrained Rgage must be the same value e g 3500hms in order for the bridge to operate properly To do axial Strain Gage measurement using a 1 2 Bridge circuit you must 1 Do steps 1 through 7 listed in the previous Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge discussion Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to H Bridge Axial 3 Set the v_Poisson field in the Constants settings area to the v poissson value of the material that you are twisting e g aluminum is 32 4 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 9 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor gt 0 Ae Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Strain Gage Measuring bending strain using a full Measurement bridge configuration involves wiring Full Bridge four strain gages as shown in figure Bending 3 10 applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations Fig 3 10 Strain Measurement Full Bridge Circuit Bending Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout
145. instruNet The plot shows the digitized version of your sensor value vs time The horizontal scale of this display is determined by the Pts Per Scan No of Scans Scan Mode Horiz Scale and Sample Rate fields within the global Setup dialog i e press the Record tab at the bottom of the instruNet World window and then press the Setup button at the top For details on how these work please consult Ch2 Working with the Voltage Inputs To adjust the vertical scale of the probe display select Display in the Setting popup and then set the Display Max and Display Min fields to the desired engineering units values that correspond to the top and bottom of the display e g set 1 and 1 to view a signal that varies from 1V to 1V Press the Enter button to cause the new settings to take effect and then view the updated display 11 If your Sensor is not working Fix it Listed below are several debugging hints for channels that are returning bad results a Check that you have the correct channel To check that you have the correct channel and that it is being digitized by the software view the probe dialog display as you disconnect one wire from your sensor The value printed in the dialog lower right corner should change to indicate that your displayed value is in some way connected to that wire Also if you touch the input terminal with your finger you should notice some slight variation since your body acts as an antenna and causes rad
146. instruNet Driver might help E Dress Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes KR away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help S Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes cunning inning AWAY Latest version of instruNet Driver might help _ iNetErr_ cNotFin controller did not finish the bo command iNetErr_ CodeGen fiNetErr_ CPTQPbad 77 Dress Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes g away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Latest version of instruNet Driver might help 8 _ Press Reset Button Try doing things differently and hope it goes away Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Appendix II instruNet Error Codes 91 iNetErr_ Compiler compiler e error o 7 Latest version of instruNet Driver might help oo 92 iNetErr_ bOverflow driver or user ram buffer overflow 7 Try reducing the sample rate making displays much smaller ae A __ plotting less PointsPerPixel 93 EE Nefn nonCompOS 7 non compatible operating system _ __ Latest version of instruNet Driver might help 94 iNetErr_bad bad channel Points Per Scan value Try a different Points Per Scan G e press Timing button or ChPtsPerScan i sa m aple S rat e 95 iNetErr_ DestBuff destination buffer not found 7 Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset SEN l button or Resetting computer Check Interface to
147. io stations and such to drive the input terminal due to its high input impedance 3 5 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 12 Check that instruNet is correctly measuring the voltage At any time you can set the Sensor popup to Volts and set the Wiring popup to Vin Vin to cause instruNet to measure the voltage between the Vin and Vin terminals The measured voltage appears in the Probe dialog lower right You can then check this against a volt meter that is placed in parallel between the Vin and Vin terminals Remember to set the Range popup if your signal is clipping on a bound To measure the voltage between your Vin screw terminal Vin or Vin and ground you would do the same thing yet select Vin Gnd in the Wiring popup Check the engineering units calculations If your voltage looks good yet the returned engineering units value looks bad then pull out a calculator or better yet a spreadsheet and run your constants and known values into the equations listed in the Sensor Reference to check the processing of these numbers Perhaps one of the fields in the Constants settings area is not set correctly Make sure you do not exceed the maximum input voltage Make sure you are not exceeding the maximum input voltage with respect to the Gnd terminal as specified in Ch8 Hardware Reference To check this measure the voltage between the Vin or Vin terminal and the Gnd terminal with a Volt Meter For example in the Model
148. iod for Clk Period seconds It checks to see if it passed the Clk Period second duration every Cycles 1 255 input pulses For example if you set Cycles to 100 and are measuring a 10KHz signal and set the Clk Period to 0 1sec w a 0 25us resolution then it will count the 4MHz timebase w a 64bit counter overflows after 146 000 years It will check to see if it passed the lsec mark every 100 pulses e g 10ms for 1 OKHz input So it might stop after 11secs and see a timebase count of 440 000 for 1100 cycles It will then divide these 2 numbers and return to you a VERY accurate frequency measurement e g 10 000 00 Notice that traditional frequency measurement devices count a timebase for an specific duration and error by the fraction of the input cycle that has transpired since its last trigger edge The minimum pulse duration is 100us when measuring lt 10 periods and gt 10us otherwise Quadrature Measurement Returns the 4x position of a quadrature sensor with a 32K counter Connect wire A to Channel N connect wire B to Channel N 1 and program Channel N for Quadrature and away you go For details see Application Note 110 Each counter timer channel runs independently of the others and of the other channels on the network For example Chl Timer is the first channel in a controller board Its network address 1s Device 0 Module 1 Channel 1 and its physical location is two pins on a 34 pin header connector loc
149. ions Ch 25 Digital O Digital UO Digital Input Output 8 non latching input bits and 8 latching output bits at 8 bidirectional screw terminals This is a digital I O port consisting of 8 individual lines each of which can be configured as either a digital input channel or a digital output channel Input Levels Vig 3 2V min 12V max When configured as an input a channel can be used Vu 1 0V max 12V min to sense a digital high 3 2V to 10Volts or digital Im 200uA Vj 3 2V low 0 to 1 Volts When configured as an output a IL SmA max channel can be set high 2 0V min or low 5V max The inputs are protected against high voltages Output Levels VoH 2V mn 5V max up to and 12Volts and down to 12V Jop SmA max Jo 500mA max Vo 1 7V leo 50mA max Vo 7V Table 6 2 Model 100 1OOB and LOOHC Technical Specificati Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 100xx Connector I O Terminals Ch 1 24 Vin Vin These are voltage input ports that can be wired for any of the sensors described in Chapter 5 Sensor Reference When wiring single ended inputs the Vin and Vin terminals function identically Ch 1 24 Vout 8 eses sSs s S S These are voltage output ports that can be used for purposes such as stimuli and sensor excitation Specifications Analog Inputs A D Conversion Time Aus min A D Resolution 14 bit Voltage Input Range 5V 6V 78mV max 80mV typ 8mV max
150. is connected to the input After starting the instruNet World application the Network Page is selected by clicking the Network tab at the bottom of the instruNet World window Your Network Page will resemble Figure 5 2 although your rows and columns may differ depending on what is attached to our network Each row corresponds to a Channel e g typically one sensor is attached to each voltage input channel and the columns are used to display the settings of Fields that pertain to each Channel The horizontal scroll bar is used to scroll through the Fields and the vertical scroll bar is used to scroll the Channels To change a Field simply click on its cell The Probe dialog will pop open and it is here that one can view and modify all Fields within the network Typical networks will house thousand of Fields yet their default values in most cases will suffice relax For a detailed description of the various settings please refer to Chapter S Settings Reference of this manual Figure 5 3 shows an expanded view of the Network Page The Channel names appear in the left most column and the real time values of each channel are under Value Input The network address i e network number device number and module number of each channel is shown in column 2 The first channel in the first module of the first device attached to the first Controller will have a physical network address of 1 1 1 1 The table header is optimized f
151. istance measurement using a voltage Measurement divider involves connecting a resistor of z Voltage Divider unknown value in series with an external user E Circuit supplied shunt resistor of known value o applying a voltage across the divider circuit and measuring the voltage across Runknown as illustrated to the right The voltage across Runknown is measured between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals while the excitation voltage is supplied by the instruNet Vout terminal instruNet then Fig 3 4 Resistance Measurement calculates the value of Runknown using the Voltage Divider Method following equation and returns a value in ohms units Runknown Runknown Ohms Rshunt Vin Vin Vin Vin Vout To do a Resistance measurement using a Voltage Divider you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Resistance 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage Divider 3 Set the Rshunt field in the Constants settings area to the value of your external user supplied Rshunt resistor in ohms units 1 3 3 10 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 4 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the excitation voltage that is to be applied to the divider In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 5 Set the Voltage Range field in the Hardware
152. its used by instruNet such as Volts External units are what the user sees in the Record page the Network page and the numbers returned by Net External units are linearly mapped to Internal units and are therefore defined with 4 numbers that define 1 line x1 y1 X2 y2 on an Internal Units Vs External Units 2 dimensional coordinate axis plane Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Sounds a little complicate Imagine a linear temperature sensor that puts out 1 Volts when dipped in ice water 0 C and 1 Volts when dipped in boiling water 100 C and you want instruNet to display C numbers in the Record page and the Network page To do this one would set the Mapping fields to internal 1 Volts internal 1 0 Volts external 0 C external 100 C And set the Units Label field in the General Settings area to C The Units Label does not effect instruNet numerically yet is interpreted as random text that is simply placed next numbers i e it is a label The Mapping fields however effect numbers yet not labels The Mapping numbers can also be used to implement calibration Suppose a thermocouple i e temperature sensor is attached to instruNet and is already returning C numbers since that is the native units for the thermocouple yet you find there is a 2 C offset error in your sensor and want instruNet to correct for this error To do this the user would set up a mapping from internal units to external units t
153. ix I Trouble Shooting Press the Test tab at the bottom of the window to select the Test page and then press the Search button at the top of the window A report will print that lists the controllers and network devices that are currently installed on your computer For example the report below shows one Controller and one Model 100 Network Device instruNet HARDWARE SEARCH RESULTS Date amp Time 1072719973 12 12 41 Net Dev Mod Device MaG OS Ver DEA instruNet Driver Version 1 24 instruNet World license Not Installed costs extra PCI Controller iNet 200 slot 13 4000OKBD 6us 94 Device iNet 100 SN37532 Cal 9 28 97 Rev4 30 99C If this does not match what you believe is installed on your network then check your hardware installation cables power etc Also it is possible that the instruNet Driver is older than the devices on your network which means you need the latest driver that recognizes these new devices The instruNet Driver is always listed as the Ist installed item Press the Test button at the top of the window to test your controllers and devices and to report any problems if found The duration of the test can vary from to 120 seconds depending on the size of the networks and the speed of the computer If no problems are found a report similar to the one below is printed in the window INSTRUNET QUICK TEST RESULTS Date lt Times 1071271995 12353223 We ran 0 510029 million tests and did NOT hit 1
154. k in a text file Discards the text in the Test Page s text editor Prints an internal diagnostic report to be emailed to your instruNet supplier for comment when debugging After pressing this button copy the text to the clipboard Windows Control C paste it into an email window Windows Control V and email to your supplier A Diagnostic Report can also be generated by pressing the SAVE DEBUG REPORT TO DISK button within an error alert For details please see Application Notes 69 and 121 Prints the Test page text to a hard copy printer Requires instruNet World PLUS GW The Script Page To learn more about the 1W Script page please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL Wwww instrunet com plus Menubar Reference 5 19 Ch 5 Hardware Reference 5 20 This manual focuses on the buttons at the top of the instruNet World pages yet these functions can also be accessed in the menubar For documentation on the menubar and on instruNet World PLUS 1W a version of instruNet World with more features please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus Ch 6 Hardware Reference Chapter 6 Hardware Reference This chapter includes specifications for the following instruNet hardware products instruNet Controllers e Model 200 instruNet Controller for Windows 95 98 Me Nt 2k Xp PCI bus
155. lays a message in an alert dialog box Get iNet Error Gets error code to last instruNet function call Get_Last_iNet_Call Returns pointer to struct with params to last iNet call The instruNet disk includes interface files for C and Visual BASIC that enable your program to call the above listed functions No compiler object files are used therefore you are not at the mercy of a specific version of a specific compiler on a specific computer Instead you simply add the following glue source code to your program VB Files C Files Interface Description INET Interface vb NEE ENE E Contains low level source code that interfaces to the instruNet driver INET Declarations vb TINE ER eset Contains many low level enums and defines that support instruNet INET Macros vb INET MCS H Contains macros that help set read instruNet ELCLOS Programming Every instruNet C program must include the following files INET_INT c INET_INT H and INET_MCS H Every instruNet Visual BASIC program must include the following files ENE I Lncvertace vo INET Common Cod svb INET De clhararatons Vb and INET Macros vb The instruNet disk includes example programs in Visual BASIC and C Ch 4 Hardware Reference Examples C Files INET EX1 C INET EX24C instruNet Data Types instruNet Macros Example 4 6 The C Example 1 and VB Example 1 do the same thing yet just in different languages In fact they do many of the same things
156. lays or Disk File Figure 5 9 Display Options It is in the Options dialog that one specifies to Plot Dots or Lines to turn the Grid On or Off to set the horizontal scale i e time per horizontal division and to set the maximum plotting density maximum points plotted per horizontal pixel Plotting Lines 1 e connecting points with lines takes more time than Dots yet is easier to read if the points are far apart The Grid take some time to plot as well and might not be desirable if you are trying to maximize your update rate in Oscilloscope mode If the horizontal scale Horiz Scale is too small e g 10ms div the waveform might whip across the screen and be difficult to see in the Strip Chart mode The maximum points per horizontal pixel Max Pts Pix parameter is useful at plotting only a fraction of the digitized points in cases where you are digitizing ten s of thousands of points and don t want the computer to slow down due to plotting The Horizontal Position Horiz Pos field is very similar to the Horizontal scroll bar in that it defines the time of the left edge of all displays If Overflow Alert is set to On an Alert box is shown when a digitize buffer overflows i e it fills faster than it is read otherwise digitizing proceeds without an Alert Saving Data The Digitize Into option in the Display Options dialog is used to determine whether 5 13 Ch 5 Hardware Reference Off To Ram Buffer To File User Control
157. ld to 1 After digitizing into RAM one can press the Save button in the Record page to save the data in the RAM buffer to disk in the format specified by the File Type field To transfer data to another software package one typically sets File Type to Text Merge This causes a file named Excel Waveform Data txt to be saved to disk that is easily opened by a spreadsheet with each channel in its own column To save RAM based data in a compact fast format we recommend File Type Binary Merge To calculate the amount of RAM used to hold your data multiply the number of points by the number of channels by 4bytes per point For example 3 channels of 10K points each would consume 120KBytes of RAM 120KB 4 3 10000 It is recommended that one Digitize Into File for bigger than RAM data yet one must consider how they will process the huge disk based file To Digitize Into File set the Digitize Into field to To File set the File Type field to Binary Merge set the Sample Rate field to the desired points per second per channel set the Pts Per Scan field to a nominal value e g 5000 to set the intermediate RAM buffer size and then set the No Of Scans field to the number of RAM buffers of data that are collected For example digitizing 1000 scans of 5000pts per scan data digitized at 1000pts per sec will spool to disk a total of 5M points over a 5Ksec period When the Start button is pressed in the Record page it will prompt you for a f
158. ll rectangle after channel address it will turn red and close the instruNet Network window e Press the Start button and watch a new spreadsheet window appear and fill with instruNet data as shown below When finished you can save or delete the Excel spreadsheet file Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Microsoft Excel Book we B Z U Seconds ChiVine Ch4Win Chr Vint Volts Volts Volts Channel Data 1 900577 1 903426 1 906275 1 909123 1 911972 1 0 76654 0 76701 0 76905 0 77035 0 77161 0 79765 0 79468 0 7921 0 70933 0 70655 0 75370 30 91482 0 77288 H 4 gt bl Sheet1 Sheet Sheet3 D Ready s To learn more please press the Help button e Close the Direct To Excel program by clicking in the upper right corner Working with VB Instrument e We will now run a Windows program called VB Instrument that implements a strip chart oscilloscope recorder for to 16 channels It is similar to instruNet World yet is written in Visual Basic and the source code is installed on your computer You are welcome to modify it If you are on a Macintosh please proceed to the next section e Exit any currently running instruNet software and select under the Windows START menu Programs instruNet Application Software VB Applications VB Instrument exe e Press the Channels button select 4 channels for digitizing Ge click in small rectangle after channel address it will turn red and
159. load them from disk Clear them to their default values and to Reset hardware In a typical session the user will modify several Fields e g turn on 2 channels and set their filter and sensor parameters save these settings to disk via the Save button exit instruNet World run instruNet World a week later and reload these settings via the Open button When the state of instruNet World is saved to disk you are saving the Fields that have changed from their default values When you load the state back in instruNet will first set all Fields to their default values load the file and then update the Fields that were changed therefore these state files are typically small e g several KB In fact you can open these text files with a Word Processor or Spreadsheet program to glean a sense as to how instruNet internally stores Fields settings instruNet keeps all state in Fields therefore it is not necessary to save anything else except waveform data in order to get you back to where you were Saving waveform data is done independently via the Save and Open buttons at the top of the Record Page The Network Page manages Fields whereas the Record Page manages waveforms If your instruNet Network changes e g you physically pull out 1 device and then install 2 more the stored Field settings may no longer apply to your new network instruNet does its best to reconnect and will alert you to any discrepancies yet it is always a good idea
160. log The clicked on cell should be update to Amps as shown in figure 2 7 Chanre Addr j LUolue Input Un ts Chi Wint fi izi 3 2143 Amps Peer terre rire rrr rere E e E D eg CN e E Ch4 Wirt AAA 0 001557 iol ts Che Wirt AAA 0 007571 iWolts Oe ee nn gan dennnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnRRRRRRR nn nn dnnnnnnnnnnn RRE RR Rn ann Amps Figure 2 7 Edited cell within the Network page s Scroll through the Fields of the Network page using the horizontal scroll bar at the base of the window Notice that the first 5 columns remain fixed while the cells to the right of Column 5 shift left and right with the horizontal scrollbar You can scroll through and view all Fields for all Channels in this manner Figure 2 8 shows the Network Page for Chl Vin after scrolling a little to the right Chanrne Addr j Range Ro Betunt Chi Vint itft 1 SU 100 S000 ENENEENENNENNNNNNENEENNENNENENENNNNENANENNENENNNENNENNENENNENEEEENEENENNNNNENEENENENENENANNNENEENENENENNNEEENENNENENENNNNNENEENNNNNENEEENENNENNENNENEENEENEENEE Figure 2 8 Network Page scrolled horizontally to view the Ro amp Rshunt Fields 2 17 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial e Scroll horizontally to the left edge so that Value Input is in Column 6 and then scroll vertically until an input channels is no longer in the top row For example in Figure 2 9 a Voltage Output channel is in the top row Notice that the title to Column 6 changed from Value Input to Value Out
161. n Table of Contents F9 to update TOC CHAPTER 1 INS Aa TON BEE 1 1 INSTRUNET FAMILY E AE 1 1 COMPUTER REQUIREMENTS wcsivenunncuscusekidweeane suid ousodneuenevenbeseveliweaonsadbswavesviennivasnbenoweiupncennceibewenivosebexst 1 3 CONSTRUCTING YOUR NETWORK EE 1 3 OFTWARE TN FI KR OG 1 5 HARDWARE INSTALLATION ssescadocstartasocesnasausavacdoueacosdncansnesptentiasansciaisbetmioateactaishootenedaueiaiticseietveteneeas 1 8 VERIFYING THAT YOUR SYSTEM IS WORKING PROPERLY cccccsccssccsccesccsscesccesccesccesseusceuscencs 1 9 INSTRUNET WORLD SOFTWARE LICENSE INSTALLATION ccccsscccssccscccssccesccescceusceusscessceuecs 1 11 CHAPTER 2 INST RUNET TUTORIAL BE 2 1 RECORD WAVEFORMS IN 7 EASY STEPS cccccecccsecccsccceccescccsccescceccseucseeceesssueceescessesesseueseeuees 2 1 DIOITZNGODIRECILY Ka ee EE 2 4 WORKING WITA VBD EE 2 5 WORKING WIH NEE e DEE 2 6 DIGITIZING ANALOG SIGNALS INTO THE COMPUTER 2 8 TARA IRUN Sed fag BY y Ga 5 21 Seer rm N een nnn 2 13 Te ORE VOW Vy ORED E 2 15 WORKING WITH SENSORS sisssiroseosesiosinossrosi didro o ser nites o SENATENS EOE TIPS EEIN NSSE EE TENAS EENE CNP SNEINEN a EE 2 20 WORKING WITH CALIBRATION DIFFERENT SCALES amp MADDINOG 2 24 WORKING WITH DIGITALE FILTERS E 2 25 WORKING WITH VOLTAGE OUTPUT CHANNELS ccccccscccsscccsccesscesccescccesscuscseessceceeusseusssessseeacs 2 29 WORKING WITH DIGITAL I O CHANNEL 2 30 WORKING WITH 1200 CONTROLLER DIGITAL TIMER I O CHANNELS 2 31
162. n Gages 75 Load Cells and 139 Ratio Measurements To do Strain Gage measurement using a 1 4 Bridge circuit you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Strain Gage 2 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings area to 10mV 3 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of one Ro bridge completion resistor in ohms units 3 4 4 Set the GF field in the Constants settings area to the gage s gage factor 5 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the voltage that is to be applied to the bridge 1V is typical If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 100 instead of 100 ohms to tell the software that the excitation 1s external and then enter the value of the external excitation voltage into the Vout field e g 4V 2 In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 6 Set the delta Rlead field in the Constants settings area to the resistance in ohms of the wires leading to the bridge 0 ohms is typically ok 7 Set the Vinit field in the Constants settings area to the voltage measured when the bridge is unstrained in Volts units 8 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Q Bridge Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 9 Capacitors across the voltage input terminals are highly recommended for red
163. n Program which is what we believe the 21st Century Strip Chart Recorder Oscilloscope will look like This chapter is intended to be used as a reference whereas Chapter 2 Tutorial is recommended to teach the basics To install instruNet World please follow the directions in the Software Installation section of Chapter I Installation The Network Page SC ioNet World Restore store open save c Chi Vint ii ii i 1 0693 lil Chd Uint 1 0631 Ch Wint l oO 10348 Chid Yint 1 0643 Chis Jint i 1 0912 Chip Uin i 1 0704 Chig Mint i i 1 0539 Ch22 Yint i 0 38365 Channe 0 072194 Loe Mw Record A test e The Network Page is used to view and set parameters within an instruNet network This page provides a spreadsheet like format to scroll vertically through channels i e sensors and horizontally through the settings for each channel At any time one can click on a cell to open the Probe dialog which is used to view and modify individual settings The Record Page SIS A al Network QR fest 1 The Record Page is used to Start Stop View in real time Save to disk and Load from Disk waveforms Only channels that have been turned on via the Probe dialog are recorded The sample rate and number of points digitized per channel are specified by pressing the Setup button The Trigger is specified by pressing the Trigger button Figure 5 1 instruNet World Pages
164. n gage load cell wi 0 force potentiometer or resistance of an RTD at 0 C Units are Specifies value of shunt resistor in voltage divider or current measurement circuit Units are ohms Specifies voltage across an unstrained bridge e g strain gage load cell the voltage of a pot in the CCW position or the voltage out of an accelerometer at 0 G s e Specifies temperature coefficient of an RTD at 0 C typically 00385 for American RTD s and 00392 for European RTD s as specified by the e manufacturer of the RTD ohms ohms C units maximum force Kg in the case of a load cell or maximum acceleration G s in the case of an accelerometer When connecting to an RTD delta is the Callendar Van Dusen delta constant typically 1 492 This constant is specified by the manufacturer of the RTD When doing measurements using quarter bridge and half bridge circuits Rlead specifies the lead resistance of the wires connecting Specifies the gage factor of a Strain Gage as specified by the manufacturer of the gage 1 e relates resistance change to strain V V per Kg of force in the case of a Load Cell and V per G in the case of an accelerometer v_Poissong Contains fields that specify where and how information is saved to and Directory 19 retrieved from disk For the most part this is only used by programmers For more information please refer to Chapter 4 Programming AE EIERE EE EE ERR
165. ndows directory i e Windows System iNet32 dll on a Win 95 98 Me computer or Windows System32 1Net32 dll on a Win Nt 2k Xp computer If on a PPC Macintosh make sure instruNet Driver ppc Version 1 32 12 is installed in the System s Extensions folder If running under Windows Nt 2k Xp make sure you log on as the Administrator before running the Setup exe instruNet installer program and then restart your computer after running the Setup exe Appendix I 3 Appendix Troubleshooting 9 10 Appendix I 4 The latest software 1s available for download free of charge at www instrunet com Beware that if the driver files are also in the same directory as the application e g in the same directory as instruNet World the application may use those driver files instead of the one s in your operating system directory therefore make sure that both are current or delete the driver files in the same directory as the application If on a Windows computer If you are running a video accelerator try turning it off and see if this helps If your computer has several ISA or PCI cards that are not necessary for computer operation e g sound card fax modem card scsi card etc then it is recommended that you unplug them one at a time while power is off boot the computer for each case and run the instruNet software It is possible the controller is broken To detect this try a different computer or a differen
166. ng Notice how 0 1 second long waveforms continuously appear on the screen in a manner similar to an Oscilloscope Before we were in Strip Chart mode where these segments were continuous with respect to each other We are now in Oscilloscope mode To learn much more about digitizing please refer to the Record page discussion in Chapter 5 instruNet World Reference e Click the Stop button to stop Settings ceneri e digitizing and then click on the top display s channel name label Value Input 2 67166 at the right edge of the display The Display dialog will open Units Label Choose General in the Settings popup Enter the value 20 in the e samp rate field as shown to Samp Rate the right and press OK This will cause the top channel to be digitized at 20 of the master sample rate or 200s sec The channel in the lower displays will continue to run at the master sample rate of 1000s sec Click the Start button to begin digitizing and then click Stop after a few moments Notice how the wave in the top display contains fewer points due to its reduced sample rate as illustrated to the left e Click the Setup button at the top of the Record page and then click the Trigger button to open the Trigger dialog as shown in Figure 2 2 instruNet World allows triggering from any channel on either a low to high or high to low transition through a threshold value The threshold is specified in the Thre
167. nnelAddress routine LoadChannelAddress Specify an instruNet channel address After the structure is loaded it holds the netNum moduleNum deviceNum chanNum information one can then read or write an instruNet field with any of the following routines SetField_int32 Set instruNet field with 32bit signed integer number SetField uint32 Set instruNet field with 32bit unsigned integer number SetField f1t32 Set instruNet field with 32bit floating point number SetField cStr Set instruNet field with C string terminated with 0x00 GetField int32 Read instruNet field into a 32bit signed integer variable GetField uint32 Read instruNet field into a 32bit unsigned integer variable GetField f1t32 Read instruNet field into a 32bit floating point variable GetField _cStr Read instruNet field into a C string variable terminated with 0x00 For example the following C code would read the real time value of Channel 1 at Device 1 Module 1 Network 1 iNetChannelAddr vin iNetFLT32 V INetCError gt LoadChannelAddress amp vin 1 1 1 1 V GetField_f1t32 amp vin sgt_General fldNum_General_valueEu amp e Ch 4 Hardware Reference Digitizing Support Functions There are several routines summarized below that are used to simultaneously digitized channels to ram or to disk as described in C file INET_INT c and Visual BASIC file INET Common Code bas EnableChannelForDigitizing M
168. of YEAR WARRANTY Extended Waranty User s Guide Shop online at omega com OO OMEGA omega com e mail info omega com _ For latest product manuals A omegamanual info eh cme oN cn Mi SL al onto jen SSA K K GH O WO LS Si ISO 9001 ISO 9001 e oJ CERTIFIED CERTIFIED U E SH om 23 CORPORATE QUALITY CORPORATE QUALITY A i E m cve em en ving Vino en STAMFORD CT MANCHESTER UK anode elt 1006 joa DIG KE E stem N Halt UI Dd ee PE EL pase eee instruNet Analog Digital Input Output System omega com CO OMEGA OMEGAnet Online Service Internet e mail omega com info omega com U S A ISO 9001 Certified Canada Servicing North America Omega Engineering Inc One Omega Drive P O Box 4047 Stamford CT 06907 0047 USA Toll Free 1 800 826 6342 TEL 203 359 1660 FAX 203 359 7700 e mail info omega com 976 Bergar Laval Quebec Canada H7L 5A1 Toll Free 1 800 826 6342 TEL 514 856 6928 FAX 514 856 6886 e mail info omega ca For immediate technical or application assistance U S A and Canada Sales Service 1 800 826 6342 1 800 TC OMEGA Mexico Benelux Czech Republic France Germany Austria United Kingdom ISO 9001 Certified Customer Service 1 800 622 2378 1 800 622 BEST Engineering Service 1 800 872 9436 1 800 USA WHEN En Espa ol 001 203 359 7803
169. ometer 2 Set the Range field in the Hardware settings area to 5V 3 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the value of the potentiometer maximum resistance in ohms units 5K to 25K are recommended 4 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the voltage that is to be applied to the potentiometer 4V is typical If you are applying an external excitation voltage enter Ro value in the Ro edit field e g 10000 instead of 10000 ohms to tell the software that the excitation is external and then enter the value of the external excitation voltage into the Vout field e g 4V 2 In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 5 Set the Vinit field in the Constants settings area to the voltage measured when the pot is in the CCW position in Volts units Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Bridge 7 Wire your potentiometer per figure 3 19 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 Fy Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Sensor Reference Footnotes 1 Heating Considerations with Resistors When current is pumped through a resistor it heats up When a resistor heats up its resistance changes and this can cause errors in your measurement The current though a resistor is calculated via Current Amps Volt
170. on each pin within this connector s Select the Network page by clicking the Network tab and then click in Column 1 of the first controller s Ch 1 Timer channel you might need to scroll down a little When the Probe dialog appears select Timer in the Settings popup as illustrated in Figure 2 25 The Function popup selects the channel s Function as described below Digital Output The ChX Dout connector pin is set to a logic 0 0 8V if the Value I O field in the General settings area is set to a 0 otherwise this pin is set to a logic 1 2V 5V Digital Input The Value I O field in the General settings area is read as O if the ChX Din connector pin is held by an external source below 8V otherwise it floats to 5V However if this pin is above 3 5V it is read as a 1 Clock Output A square wave clock signal is driven out of the ChxX Dout connector pin where the cycle time is specified by the Clk Period 2 33 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Clk Period Measure Meas Resol Meas Cycles 2 34 field in units of seconds and the high time is specified by the Clk Out Hi field in units of seconds Period The duration of the signal applied to the ChX Din connector pin Measurement is measured and returned in the Value I O field of the General settings area in Seconds units If the Measure field is set to Cycle time the time is measured between consecutive falling edges otherwise the time is measured between a rising ed
171. on sensor in units of minutes which is used for thermocouple measurements If set to 0 this feature is disabled The minimum rate is 016minutes Reading the cc sensor can occur while digitizing at slow lt I KHs sec speeds and when the sum of the integration time is less than 40 of the sample period If the iNet hardware reads the screw temperature e does a CJC calibrate and the screw then drifts by X degrees before the next CJC cal one will incur a thermcouple measurement error by that amount since the software subtracts the screw terminal temperature when calculating the thermocouple temperature Ch 5 Hardware Reference For information on how to calibrate while digitizing how to enable a beep when calibration occurs and how to minimize thermocouple drift errors please see Application Note 67 Display The Fields in the Display Options dialog are used to specify Display attributes Options as illustrated in Figure 5 9 This dialog is opened by pressing the Record button inside the Setup Dialog and mirrors some of the settings within the Setup dialog Horizontal Scale in Record page Displays Horizontal starting position in Record page seconds per horizontal division Displays display left edge in seconds Hori Scale Horiz Pos Plot Grid Plot Dots or Turn Display Maximum points plotted Specify where digitized data Lines in Displays Grid On or Off per horizontal pixel in is stored no where RAM Record page Disp
172. or instruNet programming Step through the source code with the debugger to see it run on a line by line basis Read the documentation in the INET_MCS H and INET_INT H include files Modify the Example source code to meet your own needs Getting Started with Microsoft Visual BASIC gt 4 0 for Windows Compatibility Getting Started The instruNet interface for Visual BASIC is compatible with VB Version 4 x which requires a 80386 PC PC Compatible Computer running Windows gt 95 and 8 MB Ram A BASIC for the Macintosh is not supported by instruNet Every instruNet Visual Basic program must include the vb files in the VB Common Source directory To get started with Visual BASIC 4 x please do the following steps 4 1 Ch 4 Hardware Reference Make sure you have done Ch2 Tutorial in its entirety Install Visual BASIC onto your hard disk load an example program compile and then run to verify that your BASIC is set up properly Duplicate the instruNet Programming Interfaces Visual Basic directory we will run modify the files in the duplicate copy This directory contains the following sub directories VB Examplel example program 1 VB Scope 1 to 16 channel oscilloscope chart recorder VB Instrument 2ch oscilloscope XY recorder Spectrum Analyzer VB Direct To Excel digitize directly to Excel Version 8 VB Common Source common source code files Run one of the example programs If you have any er
173. or Macintosh PCI bus e Model 230 instruNet Controller for Windows 95 98 Me 2k Xp not NT PC Card bus 16bit PCMCIA instruNet Network Devices e Model 100 100B and 1OOHC Analog Digital I O Network Device instruNet Network Accessories e Model 300 Power Adaptor e Model 311 x 312 x 322 x Power Supplies e Model 330 Electrical Isolator 6 1 Ch 6 Hardware Reference Model 200 PCI instruNet Controllers The Model 200 instruNet Controller boards attach to personal computers via an expansion slot to drive an instruNet network and to provide several Digital Timer I O channels at a 34 pin connector as illustrated in Figure 6 la Table 6 1 describes the pins at the Controller 34 pin connector Digital I O Connector Device 2 Device 1 34pin male header Cl E 1 grid 025 posts I f DB 25 cable 5V restricted 12V restricted 12V Ch10 Dout Ch9 Dout Ch8 Dout Ch7 Dout Ch6 Dout Ch5 Dout Ch4 Dout Ch3 Dout Ch2 Dout Ch1 Dout Gnd Gnd Terminator 32 bit uProcessor Ram Buffer Ch4 Din C Model 200 PCI Bus connector ioNet Network Connector Model 230 PC Card Bus connector Model 220 Nubus connector Eed Fig 6 la Model 200 instruNet Controller Connector Layouts Specifications The physical specifications for the Model 200 Controllers are as follows Digital I O Connector 34 pin male ribbon connector Network Connector DB 25 female connector Network Data Throughput 100Kbits sec to
174. or field and then select Thermistor to invoke the interview again If you want to manually set any of the fields in the Constants settings group do the interview and then set them to your liking after selecting Constants in the Settings popup 2 Wire your thermistor per figure 3 16 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor To reduce noise 0 001 seconds of integration is often helpful e set the Integrate field in the Hardware setting area to 0 001 gt 10 Load Cell A load cell is an external v Oo Measurement device similar to a strain out VE E gage that measures force ve Oo in Kg or LBs units The i100xx connects directly Ke cox to load cells by providing an excitation voltage and G t returns Kg or LBs units to the end user When one selects Load Cell in the Fig 3 17 Load Cell Measurement Sensor field an interview leads the user through the setting up of the device One enters parameters such as device resistance ohms excitation voltage specified on package label V maximum force Kg or LB at specified excitation voltage and mV V sensitivity e g one enters 2 if the package label specifies 2mV V Load cells are set up in a bridge circuit where a voltage is applied across the bridge and the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes is measured via a pair of 3 23 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors instruNet Vin and Vin input t
175. or the upper most visible channel and therefore may change slightly when scrolling vertically To enable a channel for digitizing so you can see its signal in the Record Page one must click on the small vertical rectangle after the network address It will darken to indicate that the channel will be digitized when the Start button is pressed in the Record Page Clicking it again will turn it off Figure 5 3 shows Channel Chl Vin as being turned On 5 3 Ch 5 Hardware Reference Pull Down Menus Saving Your Configuration Reconnecting With A Changed Network Network Number Device Number Module Number N O z ret World SSS Gi 5 Restore Store _ Store open Save Save Clear dear Res 7 Channe Addr LUolue Input Uni ts G sate Sensor 5 JERI Vint 7 i JUST EL O O10s46 d ois i HU d ol tage Er D Gees ede 70 000804 Volts 100 Uol tage Current value of Channel gt Name Network Channel attributes Address Digitize Enabled Disabled Figure 5 3 Expanded view of the Network Page Pull down menus vary depending on your operating system For example the Macintosh version of instruNet World provides the minimum menus of Quit under File and Cut Copy amp Paste under Edit Control keys e g Control C or Command C for Copy To Clipboard are also supported in the Test Page s text window The buttons at the top of the Network Page are used to save Field settings to disk
176. owly change its frequency from 10Hz to 500Hz for example Figure 2 21 shows a 35 Hz signal applied to Ch Vin before and after the implementation of a 30 Hz lowpass filter Figure 2 21 35 Hz Sine Wave before and after 30 Hz Lowpass Filter Figures 2 19 through 2 21 show the filter models for the Highpass Bandpass and Bandstop filters 2 27 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Md MIMI E NS Maximum Pass Band ripple dB PassB Ripple Minimum Stop Band attenuation dB StopB Attn Amplitude S EE Transition Stopband Passband Sopp ppp pp WWW ye e v yg wu zg SSS WOW WWW StopB F1 Hz PassB F1 Hz Frequency Figure 2 22 Highpass Filter Model Stopband Passband Stopband nsition EE N Krrurunrswws SE SZ E Ce geg Ted a Transition Tr Maximum Pass Band ripple PassB Ripple Minimum Stop Band attenuation StopB Attn Amplitude DB DSSS SS ea lle EE N Ge Cen N EE R MOD 6_6VW 4 D UP OOO MMMM mmm ment meet Frequency Hz StopB F1 PassB F2 PassB F1 StopB F2 Figure 2 23 Bandpass Filter Model Passband ransition ransition Passband Stopband E E UUU R ETA T S S SSS A Z Z S dda Ud SE N N AT MQ
177. press OK to exit the dialog 5 Press the Network tab press the Save button to save these settings to disk and then press the Record tab to return to the Record page 6 Press the Start button to begin recording and the Stop button to stop recording 7 Press the Save button in the Record page or if running instrunet World one can select Save Waveforms To Excel in the Record menu to save the data to disk in a text file named Excel Waveform Data txt This file places each channel in its own column and looks something like the illustration to the left when opened with a spreadsheet program S Columns are separated with TAB characters and rows are separated with CARRIAGE RETURN characters Appendix IV Working with instruNet Files Appendix IV Working With Application Software DASY Lab instruNet is compatible with DASYLab software Version gt 4 01 11 and Version gt 1 27 of the instruNet Driver DASYLab with instruNet runs on a Windows 95 computer and 1s fully 32bit compatible DASYLab is the easy to use data acquisition software application Its outstanding analysis and display features make it the ideal tool for many types of measurement and control applications Designed as an open system DAS YLab contains drivers for more than 250 different data acquisition devices as well as software interfaces and extension toolkits With its unique structure DAS YLab is able to acquire data up to 1 MHz into the PC
178. prong of the power supply AC input connector and you want to isolate instruNet from this earth ground then you would need to place a 2 to 3 prong Adaptor at the power supply input connector or rip the 3rd prong out of the plug with a pair of strong pliers If the outbound devices are not seen by instruNet World try temporarily holding a wire between the outer shell of the isolator inbound and outbound DB 25 connectors If the outbound devices are then seen by instruNet World after Reset then this indicates that a very high frequency exists between the two grounds and is causing problems The Model 330 is designed to sustain a signal between the two grounds that is 50V peak to peak with a 1000V us slew rate e g slews Volt in Ins and this is adequate is most applications Since the optical isolators introduce delays the Model 330 reduces the speed of the instruNet network from 4M bits sec to 1 33M bits sec on short networks Ina worse case scenario this would reduce the maximum sample rate 3 to 1 6 11 Ch 6 Hardware Reference 6 12 Ch 7 Channel Reference Chapter 7 Channel Reference The following table summarizes the Channels provided by each instruNet hardware Device the Settings offered by each channel and the Fields within each Settings group For documentation on channel settings unique to instruNet World PLUS e g Panel Meters Control please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instr
179. pter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 If your thermocouple leads are backwards then the measured temperature will be shown as varying in the opposite direction from ambient e g if the instruNet terminals are at 25 C the thermocouple is at 35 C and the leads are backwards then instruNet will report 15 C For debugging help please see Application Note 71 Thermocouple Troubleshooting Attaching Vin to Gnd with a small wire solves many RFI problems Integrating for 001 to 001666 seconds solves many noise problems 3 21 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Thermistor Temperature Measurement 3 22 Thermistors are two wire devices whose resistance varies with temperature in a known fashion often accurate to 0 2 C The instruNet thermistor measurement feature supports ysi Omega 100ohm to 1Mohm thermistors between the temperatures of 80 C to 250 C When Thermistor is selected in the Sensor popup instruNet assumes a thermistor is connected in the prescribed fashion and subsequently returns the R shunt Runknown thermistor temperature in degrees C units Fig 3 16 Temperature after applying a Steinhart amp Hart resistance Measurement Thermistor to temperature conversion Measuring a Voltage Divider Circuit thermistor temperature involves a voltage divider circuit with a shunt resistor of known value applying a voltage across the pair and measuring the voltage across the thermistor as illus
180. put This is because the titles are optimized for the one channel in the top row Chanre Addr i la lue Qutpu Units Chiz Vout LU 0 013493 Volts EE Ee E EE E EE Chis Wout fifi 0 013740 iWolts Figure 2 9 Network Page scrolled vertically to view the title for voltage outputs e Vertically scroll to the top of the table and then click on the net cell of the first row it should contain a 1 This will cause the Probe dialog to open and to display the clicked on cell Channel The upper region of the Probe Dialog shown in Figure 2 10 is used to select a Addresses Channel s address i e Network Number Device Number Module Number and Channel Number a Netuork Add ESS erre EE Eara a aerea aAA a o nar anann r oeren eranan Network Device Module Channel 1 Sloti4 1 100 1 100 Chi Hinz Netmork wi DFiver 71 Sloti4 Device Controller 1 100 2 18 Figure 2 10 Network Address Configuration section of Probe Dialog When instruNet World resets e g powers on the expansion slots in the computer are scanned for instruNet controllers Each controller found is given a Network Number For example in Figure 2 10 instruNet World found a controller in Slot 14 of a computer and designated the network connected to it as Network 1 Hence the popup reads 1 Slot 14 This popup enables the user to select any instruNet controller installed on the computer There is a special Controller in the popup that is labeled
181. r Supplier Run instruNet World software press the TEST tab press the REPORT button to print the diagnostic report to the window copy the text to the clipboard Windows Control C paste the text into an email window Windows Control V and then email to your instruNet supplier for comment A Diagnostic Report can also be generated by pressing the SAVE DEBUG REPORT TO DISK button within an error alert If there is a conflict with other pci pcmcia cards then a emailing a registry report another type of report via Application Note 184 might also be helpful Appendix I 5 Appendix Troubleshooting Appendix I 6 Appendix Il instruNet Error Codes Appendix Il Error Codes The table below lists error codes returned by the instruNet driver along with possible causes and solutions to the problem These are instruNet error codes and are very different from your operating system error codes iNetErr_ None a iNetErr_ General PiNetErr_ Controller s NotInitialized et iNetErr_ InitFailed PiNetErr_ DeviceNum OutOfRange one E Wett FieldNum ee i F iNetErr_ SC ControllerNot Found d FieldDoesNotExist iveDataType P iNet BadField ReadType iNetErr_ Timeout AtReadBegin iNetErr TimeoutAt WaitFor ReadDone PiNetErr Controller iNetErr_ill egalDataType d iNetErr_ FailedCopy i DataTest iNetErr_ Compressor iNetErr_ i FailedRam Test
182. ratio of VouViny 13 36 Current eet AMPS shunt resistor S Rshunt E e Resistance Ohms voltage d divider _Rshunt Vout e dE Resistance Ohms bridge Ro Rshunt Vout sn Strain Gage Strain __ voltage divider Ro Shunt Vout Vinit GF o Strain Gage Strain O bridge o Ro Vout Vinit GF Rlead o Strain Gage ss Strain H bridge bend Ro Vout Vinit GF Rlead BS Strain Gage Strain H bridge axial _ E Ro Vout Vinit GF Rlead D Poisson 7 Strain Gage Strain E bridge t bend Vout Vinit GF o Strain Gage __ Strain F bridge a axial I Vout Vinit GF v Poisson o Strain Gage Strain Fbridge axial If Vout Vinit GE v Poison RTD Celsius voltage divider alpha delta Ro Shunt Vout 1 RTD Celsius i bridge ne J K T E R S B amp Celsius differential none N Thermocouple Thermistor 7 Celsius 8 Voltage divider TRO Rshunt Vexe Vinit alpha delta GF v Poisson Load Cell ka LBs T bridge _ S Ro Vexe Vinit GF Accelerometer _ H BE ee endeded or diff Vinit GF Se Potentiometer Otol a __ bridge Ro Vexe Vinit E eg Quadrature Sensor Counts Please see Application Note 110 Table 3 1 Sensors that can directly be connected to instruNet 3 1 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Connecting a Sensor Directly to instruNet The instruNet voltage input terminals often labeled Vin or Vin can directly connect to a variety of sen
183. reas Vin Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet To do Axial Strain Gage measurement using a Full Bridge circuit you must 1 Do steps 1 through 7 listed in the previous Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge discussion 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to F Bridge Axl I 3 Set the v_Poisson field in the Constants settings area to the v poison value of the material that your are twisting e g aluminum is 32 4 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 11 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your Strain Gage Measuring axial strain using a full Measurement bridge configuration involves wiring Full Bridge four strain gages as shown in figure Axial II 3 12 applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations Fig 3 12 Strain Measurement Full Bridge Circuit Axial IT Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Strain 2Vratio GF v 1 Vratio v 1 v GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whereas Vin Vin are measu
184. rect Wiring e g Single Ended Differential Bridge Voltage Divider etc Please consult the Sensor Hook up Table at the beginning of this chapter for guidance Recall that the chosen wiring popup must match your actual physical hardware wiring 4 Set the appropriate constants as required 3 3 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Set the fields in the Constants settings area as needed This involves selecting Constants in the Setting popup and then setting specific Constants Z fields as noted in the previous table For details on m specific sensors please consult the Sensor Reference at the end of this chapter For example z to measure a resistance instruNet needs to know the Z value of an external shunt resistor Rshunt in E ohms and the value of the excitation voltage fy Vout in volts as illustrated to the right This would involve setting the Rshunt and Vout Constants fields to correspond to your actual wiring instruNet software would then automatically return an amplitude in ohms units after measuring the voltage at the Vout terminal measuring the voltage between the Vin and Vin terminals and calculating the realtime Runknown 5 Select the appropriate input voltage range Set the Range popup in the Hardware Settings area as needed This selects a voltage range that is used by instruNet If the voltage exceeds a bound then the bound is returned by the software For example if you input 2V and the range is
185. red in realtime by instruNet To do Axial Strain Gage measurement using a Bridge circuit you must 1 Do steps 1 through 6 listed in the previous Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge discussion 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to F Bridge II Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors 3 Set the v_Poisson field in the Constants settings area to the v poisson value of the material that your are twisting e g aluminum is 32 4 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 12 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 Temperature Temperature measurement using a voltage Measurement divider circuit involves connecting an RTD in z RTD Voltage series with a shunt resistor of known value E Divider applying a voltage across the pair and o measuring the voltage across the RTD as illustrated to the right The voltage across the RTD is measured between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals while the excitation voltage for the divider is supplied by the instruNet Vout terminal instruNet RTD calculates the value of the strain using the Fig 3 13 Temperature following equations and returns degrees C Measurement RTD Voltage engineering units Divider Circuit Rom Ohms Rshunt Vint Vin Vout Vin Vin a Ro alpha 1 0 delta 100 0 b Ro 1 0 alpha delta 100 0 100 0 c Ro Rom Temperature Celsius
186. ring amp Control Instrumentation WA Refractometers WA Pumps amp Tubing WA Air Soil amp Water Monitors lA Industrial Water amp Wastewater Treatment G pH Conductivity amp Dissolved Oxygen Instruments M2773 1008
187. rors please use the source code to debug the system all source code is provided Some lines of code open the instruNet World window and pass control to instruNet World until the user closes the instruNet World window to return back to the example program Don t let this freak you out Run an example program to verify that the compiler example files driver and computer are all working well together Read the example program source code and comments to get a feel for instruNet programming Modify the Example source code to meet your own needs Getting Started with Microsoft C C gt 5 0 for Windows Compatibility The instruNet interface for Microsoft C C is compatible with C Version gt 5 0 including Visual Studio Net 7 which requires a 80386 PC PC Compatible Computer running Windows 95 and 8 MB Ram Getting Started To get started with Microsoft C C please do the following steps 1 2 Make sure you have done Ch2 Tutorial in its entirety Install Microsoft C C onto your hard disk load an example program compile and then run to verify that your C C is set up properly Ch 4 Hardware Reference Duplicate the instruNet Programming Interfaces Visual C directory we will run modify the files in the duplicate copy It contains the following source files Inet_int c Inet_int h Inet_Exl c Inet sz cc and iNet mesh Open Inet 32_ExampleN sin or dsp with C version 5 with the Mic
188. rosoft Developer Studio select Set Default Configuration under Build choose Win32 Debug press OK select Debug gt Step Into under Build and watch it compile You should not get any compiler errors or warnings If it builds properly it will begin to run under the debugger Press the Step Over under Debug i e F10 button to step through the example program Step through the example program to verify that the compiler example files driver and computer are all working well together Some lines of code open the instruNet World window and pass control to instruNet World until the user closes the instruNet World window to return back to the example program Don t let this freak you out Read the example program source code and comments to get a feel for instruNet programming Modify the Example source code to meet your own needs If you want to operate instruNet from another C program copy files Inet_int c Inet_int h and iNet_mcs h to your target project source directory add Inet_int c to your project call any of the iNet_mcs h macros from your own source code call any of the Inet_int c subroutines from your own source code copy any of the useful subroutines in Inet_ExN c into your own source code and away you go 4 13 Ch 4 Hardware Reference 4 14 Chapter 5 Program Reference Ch 5 Hardware Reference instruNet World This chapter provides a detailed reference of the features within the instruNet World Applicatio
189. rsions of instruNet software will not require repeating this procedure To learn more about PLUS please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Chapter 2 instruNet Tutorial This chapter is a step by step tutorial that shows the user how to navigate within the world of instruNet Controlling instruNet hardware can be done manually though the free instruNet World application program or through the programming languages Visual Basic and C This chapter deals exclusively with the easy to use application program instruNet World application program while Chapter 4 covers programming languages instruNet World software allows you to set up and probe your network record waveforms save them to disk load them from disk and view them post acquisition This manual focuses on the buttons at the top of the instruNet World pages yet these functions can also be accessed in the menubar For documentation on the menubar and on instruNet World PLUS 1W a version of instruNet World with more features please select instruNet World Manual in the Help menu within instruNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus Record Waveforms in 7 Easy Steps This section explains how to record waveforms in several easy steps L Install your hardware and software per instructions in Chapter 1 If your instruNet World hardware and software is not in
190. ruNet Controller board where the hardware Device closest to the Controller is Device 1 the next device is Device 2 etc This refers to the module within a hardware device At this time all Devices have only 1 module that is referred to as Module 1 This refers to a specific channel in a hardware device Each channel typically corresponds to a physical wire somewhere such as a voltage input voltage output digital input or digital output For example in the Model 100 the screw terminal marked Chl Vin is Channel 1 and is a voltage input Each channel includes different Settings areas such as lowpass filter settings highpass filters settings Hardware settings etc Itis here that one selects a settings group e g Lowpass Filter fields have a Settings Number of 9 This is the Field Number 1 8 within a settings group For example in the Lowpass Filter settings group the cut off frequency in Hertz is stored in Field 5 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial The instruNet World user navigates within this data tree via the Probe dialog described in the next discussion instruNet World does not require the user to know about Setting numbers and Field numbers since all items are defined using popups and edit fields The programmer on the other hand must supply 6 numbers to a subroutine to read and write to any field on the instruNet data tree The Network page shows the current Field settings for each channel in a tabular i e spr
191. s Ch 1 Installation 2 Install instruNet software Before installing physical 12x0 Controller card by inserting instruNet CD into your computer which automatically runs Setup exe or by downloading Installer from www instrunet com d which downloads instrunet_web_setup cab opens it via WinZip and then runs the Setup exe inside Ifit asks you if you want to install the Net Framework say Yes if running under Windows gt 98 and lt 2K not 95 not XP and you want to run programs VB Instrument VB Scope or Direct To Excel and you don t mind waiting another 2 to 30min for the installer to run Installation might take up to 1 hour especially with older computers that require more files If you become concerned your computer has frozen please check your hard disk light if itis blinking you are Ok When the instruNet installation is complete an instruNet World Icon appears on your desktop and an alert notifies you of the success At this time it is safe to turn ON anti virus software For information on installing instruNet hardware amp drivers please continue with the below instructions To enable instruNet World iW SOFTWARE on a Windows 98 ME Nt 2k Xp gt Computer For information on how to enable instrunet World OW software please see the instruNet World Software License Installation discussion at the end of this chapter or refer to your instruNet World W License x For Serial y sheet included
192. s ok yet does not see an instruNet 100 Device Driver is not compatible with your computer connected to the instruNet controller by an instruNet cable or instruNet cable is not well seated instruNet Terminator not attached to the end of the network In i100 and i200 units manufactured before 9 1 97 Blown power fuse e g 5V 12V or 12V in the Device or in the Controller which could have been caused by plugging in devices while the power is on Sees cece eee ee ee oo Consult your instruNet supplier Broken Controller or Device Table Al 1 Troubleshooting Appendix I 2 Install latest version of driver available for free at www instrunet com Beware that if the driver files are also in the same directory as the application e g in the same directory as instruNet World the application may use those driver files instead of the one s in your Operating system directory therefore make sure that both are current or delete the driver files in the same directory as the application Use a flash light to make sure connectors at the controller end and device are well seated Some computers have a small corridor through which the instruNet cable must pass through to get to the instruNet controller DB 25 connector and in some cases this hole is not large enough and subsequently requires reducing the size of the instruNet
193. s Across Resistor Resistance in ohms The power dissipated by a resistor 1s Power Dissipated Watts Volrs Volto 7 R sistance Current Current x Resistance The amount a resistor heats up 1s Change in Temperature Celsius Thermal Resistance C Watt Power Dissipated Watts The amount a resistor changes for a change in temperature is Change in Resistance ohms Change in Temperature Celsius Temperature Coefficient ppm C Resistor Value ohms For example a 100ohm resistor with a 100 ppm C temperature coefficient and 30C Watt thermal resistance that is passing 50 milliAmps would enjoy the following situation 5Volts across resistor 100o0hms 50mA 0 25Watts power dissipation 5V 5V 100ohms 7 5 C temperature change 30C Watt 25Watts 0 075 ohms change due to temperature change 7 5 C temp change 000lohms ohm C thermal resistance 100 ohms 2 Excitation Voltages for Bridge Circuits If you type an unreasonably high value into the Vout field of the Constants area and press Enter instruNet will set the output voltage to the highest possible value without allowing the internal output amplifier to saturate e g lt 4mA for iNet 100 100B and lt 15mA for iNet 100HC Setting the highest possible Vout causes the highest possible voltage to be read by the Vin terminals which increases the signal to noise ratio and therefore increases accuracy The downside to having a high excitation voltage is th
194. s RAM stream data to disk at up to 400 kHz and display data online at up to 150 kHz For details please select Programs instruNet Application Software DasyLab in the Windows START menu Appendix IV 1 Appendix IV Working with instruNet Files LabVIEW HP VEE TestPoint Appendix IV 2 instruNet Drivers for the Macintosh amp Windows Version of LabVIEW 4 are available The part numbers for these low cost drivers are listed below Please consult their documentation for information on how to link instruNet to LabVIEW In summary they provide LabVIEW icons for many of the instruNet functions described in Ch4 Programming and provide examples of their use For details please select Programs instruNet Application Software LabVIEW in the Windows START menu 1Net 380 instruNet Drivers for Mac amp Windows LabVIEW 1Net 380 10x Ten more iNet 380 s after buying Ist one 1Net 381 instruNet LabVIEW Driver l year Update InstruNet is compatible with HP Vee Version 4 0 on Windows For details please select Programs instruNet Application Software HP Vee in the Windows START menu InstruNet is compatible with TestPoint Version 3 0 on Windows For details please select Programs instruNet Application Software TestPoint in the Windows START menu MADE Du USA WARRANTY DISCLAIMER OMEGA ENGINEERING INC warrants this unit to be free of defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 13 mont
195. select Rising or Falling in the Slope popup Click OK to exit the Trigger Dialog click OK to exit the Setup Dialog and then click the Start button to begin recording The waveforms should appear on the screen with the beginning of each Scan synchronized to the trigger event If the signal applied to the trigger channel does not periodically cross the threshold voltage Auto trigger will digitize anyway every second or so e Press Stop when you are done acquiring To learn more about Triggering please refer to the Record page discussion in Chapter 5 e Click the Setup button at the top of the Record page to open the Record Setup dialog as shown in Figure 2 1 Display The Horiz Scale field sets the display horizontal scale in seconds per division If Options set to Auto instruNet picks a horizontal scale that is appropriate based on the sample rate and number of data points being acquired This popup is also provided at the lower right of the Record page when 1W is installed The Plot popup is used to set the drawing mode to plot Dots or Lines 1 e light one pixel for each data point or connect these data points with lines and the Grid 2 10 Viewing Many Channels Time Of Day or Relative Time Digitize Into Ram or File Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial popup accessed by pressing the Record button in Setup dialog selects whether or not to overlay a grid on each display The Disp Height field sets the minimum height of eac
196. set up with one base sample rate 1 e number of points digitized per second and individual channels can have sample rates less than or equal to the base sample rate This allows in effect each channel to have its own sample rate The Sample Rate field sets the base sample rate The Pts Per Scan field determines the amount of data to be collected in each Scan The No of Scans sets the number of Scans to be acquired The Scan Mode popup has three choices Strip Chart Oscilloscope and Oscillo Queued Strip Chart is selected for continuous strip chart recorder mode and Oscilloscope or Oscillo Queued are selected for oscilloscope mode Refer to the Oscilloscope or Strip Chart section of Chapter 5 for a full description of these modes instruNet Networks are self configuring and on startup determine the maximum rate at which data can be transferred This rate is displayed after pressing the Timing button in the Network BPS field in units of bits per second 4 million bits per seconds is the fastest and 100Kbps is the slowest This rate slows down with networks that have many Devices and long network cables 1 e gt 100ft Trigger Modes Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial e Select Oscilloscope in the Scan Mode popup and set the Pts Per Scan field to 100 100 points at 1000s sec will take 1 seconds to acquire Leave the rest of the Dialog in its default settings and click OK to return to the Record Page e Click the Start button to begin digitizi
197. sh EU field and the trigger direction is specified in the Slope field i e low to high or high to low The channel to trigger from is specified by its network address in the Trig Net Trig Dev Trig Mod and Trig Chan fields Three trigger types are allowed as specified in the Trigger field Off Auto and Norm If Off is selected data acquisition begins as soon as the Start button 1s pressed in the Record Page If Auto is selected data acquisition begins after the trigger criteria is met but if the trigger condition is not met within a second or so the recording begins anyway If Norm is selected instruNet waits until the trigger condition is met indefinitely of necessary Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial or itech Rising rotting ao Mel ror E eae EE Slope Fig 2 2 The Trigger Dialog s Enter the address of a channel to trigger from into Chi Wine EFLFE the Trig Net Trig Dev Trig Mod and Trig E E E ee address go back to the Network Page and look at the Channel and Addr column for the channel you want to trigger from The address for the two channels shown in the above figure would be 1 1 1 1 and 1 1 1 4 For example if you wanted to trigger from channel Ch4 Vin you would enter the following values 1 into Trig Net 1 into Trig Dev 1 into Trig Mod and 4 into Trig Chan e Select Auto in the Trigger popup type a reasonable threshold voltage into the Threshold EU field e g 1V and then
198. sors with instruNet software returning values in native engineering units e g degrees Celsius strain Volts Amps ohms This requires wiring the sensor to the instruNet hardware in the appropriate manner and then configuring the instruNet software for your particular sensor as described in the following steps 1 Physically Wire your Sensor to instruNet hardware The first step is to physically wire your sensor to the instruNet hardware per the Hardware Reference guidelines at the end of this chapter Each sensor listed in the previous table is discussed in detail in this reference For example to connect a J Thermocouple one would attach the positive lead of the thermocouple to the instruNet Vin terminal and the negative lead to the Vin terminal The input terminals are protected against over voltage and electrostatic discharge therefore it is not always necessary to power off network devices e g Model 100 while wiring sensors although turning power off is recommended as a good safety practice If your sensor does not fit into one of the standard categories in the previous table then you need to choose the closest category and then do the calculations necessary to resolve your desired engineering units If you do power OFF your network please use the following sequence Power OFF powered devices connected to the Network Power OFF Computer Configure network cables sensors and devices Power ON Computer Power ON powered devic
199. st version of instruNet Driver might help Try SR pressing I Reset button Resetting computer might help Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button Resetting computer might help Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button Resetting computer might help Latest version of instruNet Driver might help Try pressing Reset button Resetting computer might help a Check temperature measurement hardware and software Check sensor hardware and software sststs S Try a slower sample rate or ask instruNet to do less while iNetErr_ DataBuffer circular digitizing data buffer VOM OW overwrote data before it was read iNetErr_ PulledToo MuchOn LastPull Try a loner aner rate or ask instruNet to do less while __ i digitizing WM e Try a slower sample rate or ask instruNet to do less while digitizing o Check digital filter Frequency Cutoff fields 7 Check digital filter Frequency Cutoff fields and make sure they are _ lower t than half the sample rate _ Check digital filter Frequency Cutoff fields epa titer Frequency aoia eoe Check digital f filter fields es Reduce the digital filter Attenuation field value or increase the Ripple field value _ oe Reduce the digital filter Attenuation field value or increase the l Ripple field value Increase the digital filter Attenuation field value or decrease Vire
200. stalled please install it now as described in Chapter 1 2 Run the instruNet World application program Locate the instruNet world application program within the instruNet folder on your hard disk and then Windows Double click on instruNet World Win32 exe or run Start gt Programs gt instruNet gt instruNet World Macintosh Double click on the instruNet World Mac icon 3 Select the Network Page instruNet World offers several Pages Record Network and Test Click on the Network tab at the bottom of the window to select the Network page The Network tab will inverse black to indicate the Network page is selected Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Chi4 Uin i Network Click here to select the Network Page Enable a Channel for digitizing A channel is enabled for digitizing by clicking on the small cell between the addr and Value Input columns within the Network page as illustrated below Once enabled the channel will be digitized when the user presses the Start button on the Record page To disable a channel one must click the digitize on off cell again This digitize on off cell is black or red when On and white when Off Any number of channels can be selected for digitizing Please enable two voltage input channels e g Chl Vin and Ch4 Vin on the Model 100 for digitizing as illustrated below Voltage input channels are typically labeled ChX Vin or Cha Vin These work identically when doing single ende
201. t Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either Fig 3 14 Temperature the instruNet Vout terminal or by an Measurement RTD Bridge Circuit external voltage source In figure 3 14 RRTD is an RTD and Ro is a resistor of known similar value instruNet calculates the value of the temperature returning degrees Celsius engineering units using the equations Rom Ohms Ro Vout 2 0 Vin Vin Vout 2 0 Vin Vin a Ro alpha 1 0 delta 100 0 b Ro 1 0 alpha delta 100 0 100 0 c Ro Rom Temperature Celsius c 0 5 b sqrt b b 4 0 a c 3 19 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Alpha is the temperature coefficient of the RTD at OC typically 00385 for American RTD s and 00392 for European RTD s and delta is the Callendar Van Dusen delta constant typically 1 492 These constants are supplied by the manufacturer of the RTD The instruNet temperature linearizer only supports temperatures above 0 C The RTD bridge circuit is very accurate when the RTD resistance is close to the Ro bridge resistance i e the RTD resistance varies between 5 Ro and 2 Ro If you need more RTD temperature range please use the RTD Voltage Divider circuit To do temperature measurement using an RTD in a bridge circuit you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to RTD 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings
202. t controller With older computers it is sometimes possible that an old ISA card driver is conflicting with a new PCI card A conflict resolution program such as First Aid or reinstalling the OS software might remedy the problem If running under Windows with an instruNet PCI card and instruNet Version lt 1 22 1998 was previously installed on this computer and you are now running gt 1 22 then it might be necessary to remove some debris from the older software To do this run The System Control Panel select Device Manager select View Devices by connection expand PCI bus if you see PCI Card select it amp press the Remove button and exit System Control Panel Then reboot your computer and when it asks for a PCI driver Navigate via the Browse button to Program Files instruNet Internal PCI Win95 Driver inet95 inf This inf file is installed on your computer when you run the gt 1 22 instruNet Setupex exe file Then run instruNet World software and look for gt 14 rows in the Network page indicating that it found the pci controller 1f only 3 are shown it means that it found the Driver software yet not a controller card Email a diagnostic report to your supplier as noted in the following discussion Please refer to the Troubleshooting Application Notes at www instruNet com Appendix Troubleshooting Emailing a Diagnostic Report to your Supplier To Email an instruNet Diagnostic Report to you
203. t pulled out of Dae Ram Buffer by l Access_Digitized_Data_In_Ram_Buffer 1 PtsPerScan Specifies a file that contains digitized data This is used primarily by programmers For more information please refer to Chapter 4 Programming If Digitizez is set to On the channel is enabled for digitizing and the digitized data is sent to the Driver Ram buffer at runtime Onq or Command4 lt Witing to the Command4 field causes the following to occur use the Record window Open Save commands to connect with datasets on disk File gt Ram but Transfer Num Pts7 number of points from the Scan Num scan starting at PointNume from the File to the Driver Ram Buffer If FileType is Binary Merge this occurs for all channels stored in the file for this network File gt User bufy Same as File gt Ram buf yet to User Ram Buffer Ram buf gt File Transfer the data in the Driver Ram Buffer to the file on disk If FileType is Binary Merge this occurs for all channels stored in the file for this network User buf gt Files Same as Ram but gt File3 yet from User Ram Buffer Get File Infos Ger information about the File Load Scan Nums5 PointNume with the last point in the file and load Num aia with the number of points per scan Es Pts7 Refers to the number of points in the last Scan 1 PtsPerScan General _ Specifies general information about a channel such as its name and value 8
204. t the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage Divider 3 Set the Voltage Range field in the Hardware settings area to something similar to Vout RTD_Max Rshunt RTD_Max where RTD_Max is the RTD resistance at O C times 4 4 Set the Rshunt field in the Constants settings area to Rshunt 38 5 Set the Ro field in the Constants settings area to the resistance of the RTD at 0 C in ohms units 6 Set the Vout field in the Constants settings area to specify the excitation voltage that is to be applied to the divider In high current cases e g gt 2mA it is often helpful to alternate the polarity of the excitation voltages to evenly burden the 12V supplies 7 Set the alpha field in the Constants settings area to the alpha value of your RTD 8 Set the delta Rlead field in the Constants settings area to the delta value of your RTD 9 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 13 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor To reduce noise 0 001 seconds of integration is often helpful e set the Integrate field in the Hardware setting area to 0 001 gt 19 Temperature Temperature measurement using an RTD in Measurement a bridge circuit involves wiring an RTD as RTD Bridge one leg of a full bridge circuit applying a Circuit voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNe
205. tErr_ QSPI_Haited f iNetErr QSPI_ Arg OutOfRange TimeOutErr of FlakyNet work PiNetErr_ CouldNot LocateDriverFile P Neil Numo OfRange upNumOut OfRange iNetErr_ UnitType OutOfRange Appendix Il 2 the routine that shows an alert failed instruNet Controller s ROM does not seem to boot up poss problem controller bus rom Sg instruNet Controller s driver in _ RAM does not seem to boot up poss problem controller bus ram rom download from uC bad driver downloaded Se the download of the uController driver into uC ram failed driver may be bad or hardware is bad the keys did not match B failed during controller rw testin Test_DualPort_Ram Interface block between uController and host computer is invalid Controller failed CounterInc test Controller failed EchoCmdToStatus i test Controller failed SS Test A Booted Controller test error related to graphical user oo interface eae QSPI is busy running QSPIhit HALT ema T aise NeEa_OSFL TOSPTEN ume oul enor OSBTis acting flaky uid noi find instruNet Driver file in system folder Try reinstalling installing Driver file and make sure you install _ correct y version of Driver a Power Computer off then on Press Big Test button in Test page Disconnect network cable from Controller to see if that fixes it Controller might need service _ NN Power Comput
206. ter between pairs 72pF meter between a wire and the shield and 78ohms killometer wire resistance Minimum Base System One Controller and one Network Device is all you need to purchase to digitize waveforms save them to disk and view them Maximum Sample Rate As the physical length of the network increases the maximum aggregate data acquisition sample rate decreases from 166Ks sec maximum with a short network e g 5 meters to 4 15Ks second aggregate with a long network e g 300 meters Ch 1 Installation This maximum aggregate rate applies to a batch of input channels For example one instruNet network can support 4 voltage input channels at a maximum rate of 41 5Ksamples sec for each channel i e 166Ks sec throughput The same network would allow 8 channels of voltage input to be acquired at 20 075Ks sec per channel The maximum aggregate rate can be increased by installing additional instruNet networks and controllers For example two controllers could support 332Ks sec aggregate throughput if run simultaneously When the instruNet powers up it empirically tests 1 e it test the cable impedance of the network to determine its maximum throughput rate e 4 15K sec to 166Ks sec The maximum rate is decreased by additional network devices longer aggregate network cable length non twisted pair cables and thinner cable wire e g 28 gauge instead of 24 gauge For more information on sample rates please refer to Appli
207. terminal does not exceed the maximums specified in Ch8 Hardware Reference Fig 3 2 Differential e g all Vin terminals on the Model 100 must be Voltage Measurement kept between 5V and 5V with respect to the Gnd with One Signal Source terminal in order to assure accurate readings Differential mode is preferable for applications involving significant amounts of low frequency lt 5kHz common mode noise that might result from long signal cables instruNet channels configured for Voltage measurement return a value in units of Volts To do a Differential Voltage measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Voltage 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to Vin Vin 3 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 2 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 4 If your measured signal is noisy try connecting a wire or 1 Kohm resistor between the Vin and GND terminals to reduce common mode noise and refer to footnote 5 at the end of this chapter for details on how to low pass filter the measured signal 5 For information on measuring voltages in excess of 5V please see Application Note 82 Measuring Large Voltages Bridge Ratio Bridge Ratio Voltage measurement Voltage involves measuring the ratio of the Measurement voltage measured across a device e g a bridge to the excitation voltage applied to the
208. ternal data might be corrupted _ temperature scale C K EI out of sensor type out of range Appendix Il instruNet Error Codes EE Toad ec EE oe ac cares lator instruNet Driver file at the correct location on your computer See d Chapter 1 Software Installation ee Make sure the specified settingGroupType setting group type parameter is correct Press the Search button in the Test page for a list of registered Networks and Devices See Chapter 8 S Make sure the specified moduleNum module number parameter is correct it is usually 1 Press the Search button in the Test page for a list of registered Networks and Devices oe Make sure the specified intention intention number parameter is i correct _ See list of valid ion_intention values in interface h file Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum chanNum settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct See Chapter 8 Make sure the specified netNum deviceNum moduleNum chanNum Chapter amp 7 Make sure the specified net um deviceNum moduleNum chanNum settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct See Chapter 8 Make sure specified argType parameter is correct See list of valid instruNetDataType values in interface h file Check network cables Make sure a network terminator is properly settingNum fieldNum parameters are correct See installed Late
209. the Network Page In the Network page click on the Istcellof p Settings _General ee the first voltage output channel For the Model Value Output 100 this would be the Ch3 Vout channel Units Label When the Probe dialog opens set the Value ser Name Ch3 Vout Output field to 1 and press the Enter button o Samp Rate as illustrated to the right The analog output channel is immediately updated to the new value when Enter is clicked 2 29 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial e Click OK to return to the Network page and view the Value Input column for the chosen Voltage output channel It should display a value in the vicinity of 1V With Voltage outputs instruNet reads back the output voltage and displays this value in the Value Out column This is useful information when loading of the output signal will change its value An example of this is a bridge excitation circuit where it is important to know the value of the excitation voltage within a small margin e g to 01 yet the actual voltage only needs to be within several percent of the target voltage Working With Digital I O Channels Some hardware Devices provide Digital I O channels For example the Model 100 Device offers 8 bi directional digital I O bits where 8 different terminals physically marked DIO1 DIO8 can be set up independently as either a digital input or digital output With the Model 100 digital outputs O to 8V is a logic
210. tizing at 1 05 am on Feb 1 2003 it will show 0117 2 1 03 12 minutes later Post Acquisition one can change this field to view the data with either timescale format Displaying Time of Day requires instruNet World PLUS OW 10 20 ER 40 50 10 1 10 1 20 Mm Sec Time Relative to start of digitization left edge corresponds to 0 secs 5 1657 15 1561 35 1551 55 1552 15 Hm Secs 5 27 2003 Time of Day e g first grid corresponds to May 27 2003 3 51pm 15 seconds The Digitize Into popup has 2 primary settings To Ram Buffer which saves digitized data into RAM and To File which digitizes data directly to disk If Digitize Into is set to To File instruNet automatically prompts the user for a folder name every time a recording session is initiated with the Start button The waveforms are then saved to this folder while they are recorded One can then scroll through these long disk based waveforms e g 20M points per channel via the horizontal scrollbar Any waves saved to disk using the To File option can be opened and scrolled through with the Record Page s Open button 2 11 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial RAM Based Digitizing File Based Digitizing 2 12 The File Type field determines the file format for the saved data and is set to one of Binary Binary Merge Text or Text Merge For a detailed description of each format please see File Type Application Notes e Select Lines in the Plot popup select Off in the Grid pop
211. to Sensors Potentiometer Measurement 3 26 A potentiometer pot is an external device that measures linear distance or rotation angle The 1100xx connects directly to pots by providing excitation at 4V and returns data in variable 0 0 to 1 0 units e g 0 1 would represent 27 Fig 3 19 Potentiometer Measurement degrees on a 270 degree rotation pot One can scale this O to 1 data to other units using the Channel Mapping dialog We recommend 5K to 25K ohm pots since lower values may overload the Vout driver and higher values may incur excess noise Figure 3 19 shows the Vin terminal being wired to the sensor yet a jumper wire between Vin and Gnd will work as well When one selects Potentiometer in the Sensor field an interview leads the user through the setting up of the device One enters parameters such as pot maximum resistance ohms The excitation voltage for the pot is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source instruNet calculates the pot position using the equation Potposition O to 1 Vint Vin Vinit Vout Vinit Voltage measured in CCW position used for calibration and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area indirectly if set via the interview whereas Vin Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet To do a Potentiometer measurement you must 1 Set the Sensor field in the Hardware settings area to Potenti
212. ton to start recording again Press the Save button to save the digitized waves to disk if they are RAM based Press the Open button to load previously recorded waveforms from disk Press the Setup button to adjust the sample rate and number of points that are digitized when the Start button is pressed Press the Trigger button within the Setup Dialog to adjust the trigger options Press the Network tab to select the Network page and then turn on other channels for digitizing by clicking on their digitize on off cells The instruNet Data Tree instruNet stores field settings in a hierarchical data tree illustrated in figure 2 4 2 13 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial 2 14 Device 0 32 Network ae Ke Field Setting Group 39K 32K __ Channel tee zl Module EK 21 Figure 2 4 Network Hierarchy for instruNet To access a piece of information you must supply an address within this data tree This address consists of 6 parameters as described below Network Number Device Number Module Number Channel Number Setting Number Field Number If O this refers to the Driver itself e g plot lines or dots in the Record displays otherwise this number refers to an instruNet Controller board where the first board found in the computer is designated Network Number 1 the 2nd board found is Network 2 etc This refers to hardware devices e g Model 100 attached to an inst
213. trated to the right The voltage across the thermistor is measured between a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals while the excitation voltage for the divider is supplied by the instruNet Vout terminal instruNet calculates the thermistor resistance using the following equation RtTherm Ohms Rshunt Vin Vin Vout Vin Vin Temperaturetherm C 273 15 1 0 a b Ln RTherm Ln Rtherm 3 a b and c are a function of 3 points in the resistance to temperature table and are calculated by instruNet after the user completes a short dialog box interview To minimize self heating it is recommended that thermistors operate at less than 100uW 50uW is better An example would be a 2252 ohm thermistor which will vary from 394 5 to 7355 ohms in the 0 70 C temperature range With 0 37V excitation voltage e Vout and a 1000 ohm shunt resistor the current and power dissipation at 70 C would be 100uW Current Amps Volts Resistance 0 37V 1000 394 5 265mA Power watts Current 2 Resistance 0002652 1394 5 100uW The voltage across the thermistor would vary from 104mV to 320mV as the resistance across the thermistor varied from 394 to 7355 ohms therefore an input Voltage Range of 6V would work nicely in this case Shunt resistors with an initial accuracy of 025 and a temperature drift of 20ppm C such as the Caddock part TN130 resistance 0 025 20 are recommendedl 28 To
214. ts duration with another channel This will require a 34 wire screw terminal block cabled to the digital connector on a Model 200 instruNet Controller board If you do not have a screw terminal block wired to your Controller you can still do this experiment yet the measured period will not be correct e Connect a physical wire between Pin 6 Ch1 Dout and Pin 7 Ch2 Din of the Controller Digital I O connector Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial e Set the Function popup to i l l Clock Out the Clk Period p Settings Timer field to 005 and the Clk Out Hi field to 201 _ Function Clock Out e Select General in the Cik Period Settings popup and set the aC FSaerg Clock Out gt Measure Cycle time e Click the Enter button in the bottom right of th e a EE Probe Dialog to start the clock output e Select Ch2 Timer in the upper right Channel popup to select the 2nd channel in you instruNet Controller e Set the User Name field to Clock Meas s Select Timer in the Settings popup s Set the Function popup to Period Meas set the Resolution popup to 25us set the Measure popup to Cycle Time and set the Meas Cycles field to 1 as shown in figure 2 25 e Press OK to return to the Network page first two Controller channels Clack Meas 1 de d POR ee ee nen E E your EE E Seine Seisan S have changed to Clock Out and Clock Meas and how Clock Meas s Value field is displaying 005 seconds of
215. ts of the specified values an alert will appear with a message coaching the user into selecting different parameters In fact instruNet will not allow you to exit this dialog until the parameters are acceptable or the filter has been turned off by selecting Off in the Filter popup 2 26 Ch 2 instruNet Tutorial Maximum Pass Band ripple dB PassB Ripple A Y A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A ddd UT ddd f A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Minimum Stop Band attenuation dB StopB Attn aA Stopband Amplitude Passband Transition PassB F1 Hz StopB F1 Hz Frequency Figure 2 20 Lowpass Filter Model The filter order ranges from 1 to 32 in bandpass and bandstop filters and from 1 to 16 in highpass and lowpass filters depending on the supplied parameters As the filter becomes more demanding the filter order increases and the time to run the filter also increases In a typical case it takes 1 to 2us per order per point to run the filter For example on a Macintosh 840av 1993 technology it takes 2us per order per pt or 20us per point to implement a 10th order filter This would limit the maximum sample rate to 5OKsamples second i e 1 20e 6 50e3 e View the results of your filter by observing the effect it has on the waveform in the Snapshot display If you have a function generator connected watch what happens when you sl
216. uNet World or see Internet URL www instrunet com plus Hardware 3 Device Channel Setting Group Fields Model 200 PCI Ch1 10 General Value I O Units Label User Name Model 290 Digital Timer E Sample Rate sn PC Card T O Display 3 Digitize On Off Display Min Controllers aa Display Max View Show Hide Timer Function Clk Period Clk Out Hi nnn apron Measure Meas Resol Meas Cycles Ch 11 Time General Time Secs Units Label User Name AE Sample Rate SE Dep 0900 Max EU Min EU Ch 12 Digitizer General Value Units Label User Name A Sample Rate SR Timebase Digitize Off On Pts Per Scan No Of Scans Min sec tsfr Sample Rate Sean Mode Switching Network BPS Trigger Trigger Off On Threshold EU Slope Trig Net Trig Dev Continued Trig Mod Trig Chan Table 7 1 Channel Reference 7 1 Ch 7 Channel Reference Hardware Device Channel Fields Setting Group Model 100 Analog amp Digital I O System Ch1 Vin Ch Vin Ch4 Vin Cha Vin Ch7 Vin Ch8 Vin Ch10 Vin Ch11 Vin Ch13 Vine Ch14 Vin Chip Vin Ch17 Vin Ch19 Vin Ch20 Vin Ch22 Vin Ch23 Vin f General Hardware Display Lowpass Filter Hiighpass Filter File Driver Ram User Ram Ch12 Ch15 Ch18 Ch21 Ch24 Vout Ch25 DIO General Hardware Table 7 1 Channel Reference Value Input Units Label
217. uNet software is first run The Auto Cal Rate field sets the rate that instruNet measurement electronics 1s automatically calibrated in units of minutes A full calibration occurs if not 5 11 Ch 5 Hardware Reference 5 12 digitizing and a less intensive thermal drift only calibration described below occur if digitizing For example if this field is set to 5 then instruNet hardware is automatically calibrated every 5 minutes If set to 0 the Auto Calibrate feature is disabled The minimum rate is 0 016 minutes The primary error from the measurement electronics is an offset voltage of approximately 2uV C that occurs at the analog voltage measurement input amplifier This means you will get an offset error of approximately 2uV for every 1 degree C that the amplifier IC heats up It heats approx 5C above ambient air around instruNet box when first turned on and stabilizes after 1hr or so From here the IC temperature changes as the room temperature changes e g a 5C increase in room temperature will increase the IC temperature by 5C which could add voltage measurement offset error of 10uV When Auto Cal is run this error is eliminated to OuV During digitizing an abbreviated version of auto calibration takes place as described below Auto Calibration While Digitizing instruNet can automatically calibrate out thermal offset drift errors e g 2uV offset error per 1C change in 1100 box temperature while digitizing requires iNet32
218. ucing errors caused by RFI With 350ohm gages 0 luF caps create a low pass filter at 4KHz 4K 1 6 28 350 O0 1e 6 and are ideal at minimizing RFI effects 10 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 7 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 9 Strain Gage Measuring bending strain using a 1 2 Measurement bridge configuration involves wiring Half Bridge two strain gages as shown in figure Bending 3 8 applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source In figure 3 8 Rgage is a Strain gage Ro is either a fixed resistor of known value or a fixed unstrained strain gage of value Ro and Ry is the lead wire resistance instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations Fig 3 8 Strain Measurement Half Bridge Circuit Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Strain 2 Vratio GF 1 Ri Ro Ro Ri GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whereas Vjn Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet Ro and Unstrained Rgage must be the same value e g 350ohms in order for the bridge to operate properl
219. ulate the strain value returned by instruNet 10 Accuracy of Measurements Accuracy measurements are affected by the noise pickup on the leads the accuracy of the sensor itself 1 e thermocouple s are typically accurate to 1C to 3C and the instruNet measuring system A noisy environment and long sensor leads are often the worst threat to accuracy Integrating via the Integrate field a signal over a period of time will give a more accurate measurement by filtering out noise at the expense of a lower maximum sample rate An example of how to calculate accuracy is as follows Suppose you are doing a current measurement where the current is calculated as the voltage drop across a shunt resistor divided by the resistance in ohms of the resistor Current Amps Volts across shunt resistor shunt resistance in ohms Suppose the measured voltage is accurate to mV and the 1K ohm shunt resistor is accurate to 1 Subsequently the accuracy of the measured current would be Max Current Error ImV 01 1K 1OOmicroAmps II Alternating Positive and Negative Excitation Voltages To reduce the burden on one side of a power supply e g 12V or 12V excitation voltages often alternate positive and negative For example when powering 350ohm strain gages the excitation voltages are typically set to 5V 5V 5V SV The alternating polarity evenly burdens the 12V supplies Please note that in low current cases e g lt 2mA
220. up select Strip Chart in the Scan Mode popup and set the Pts per Scan field to 10000 to set the buffer size of an intermediate RAM buffer that holds data before it is sent to disk 10000 points at 1 Ks sec is a comfortable size Set the Digitize Into popup to To File and select 0 5 secs div in the Horiz Scale popup Click OK to exit the dialog Click Start to begin recording When the File save dialog appears type a folder name and select a location for the waveforms that are about to be spooled to disk e After a minute or so press the Stop button to stop digitizing Scroll through your waveforms via the horizontal scrollbar Notice that the computer goes to your hard disk periodically to automatically load in information from disk It is recommended that one Digitize Into RAM if your RAM is large enough RAM based digitizing is easier since data in RAM can easily be saved in different file formats is easily loaded back into RAM from disk to be saved to disk in another file format and supports faster digitizing rates Due to these advantages we recommend digitizing directly To Ram unless your RAM is not large enough to hold the data To digitize into RAM set the Digitize Into field to To Ram Buffer set the No Of Scans field to 1 and then use the Pts Per Scan field to determine how long you digitize If you digitize multiple scans directly To Ram data is overwritten in the RAM buffer and lost therefore we set the No Of Scans fie
221. ve the next scan in the queue i e the acquired scan that immediately followed the first acquired and processed scan In Oscillo Queued mode triggered scans continue to accumulate in the queue and are returned in order In Oscillo Queued mode all scans are returned by instruNet for processing but if a lot of processing 1s required between scans the instruNet buffer can eventually overflow at which point instruNet will return an error message In Oscilloscope mode the most recent scan is always returned and others are discarded While scans are discarded in Oscilloscope mode the buffer will not overflow If the time to process data takes less than the time of a scan then both modes will behave identically Figure 5 8 below shows the difference between Oscilloscope and Oscillo Queued modes Ch 5 Hardware Reference Oscillo Queued Scans of acquired data 1 213 415 6 7 87 9 eiee III All S R d for ace Bee Oscilloscope data processing occurs here scans not scans not scans not retreived retreived retreived of acquired data 1 213 4 5 6 7 89 oe ut Most R S Retreived for 9 Processing Figure 5 8 Oscilloscope and Oscillo Queued Modes instruet Record Setup a Digitize p Display Pts Per Scan Horiz Scale No OF Scans Horiz Label Relative Time Sample Rate Disp Height Scan Hode Oscilloscope Plot ines 2 Trigger Timing Record Window Storage
222. venly burden the 12V supplies 1 8 Wire your strain gage per figure 3 6 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor gt 9 3 12 Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Strain measurement using a 1 4 bridge circuit involves wiring a strain gage as one leg of a full bridge circuit applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source In figure 3 7 Reage 1s a strain gage Ro 1s either a fixed resistor of known value or a fixed unstrained strain gage of value Ro and Ry is the lead wire resistance instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations Fig 3 7 Strain Measurement Quarter Bridge Circuit Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Strain 4Vratio GF 1 2Vratio D k 1 Ri Ro Ro Ri GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user in the Constants Settings area whereas Vjn Vin are measured in realtime by instruNet Ro and Unstrained Rgage must be the same value e g 350o0hms in order for the bridge to operate properly For more details please see Application Notes 14 Strai
223. with 1W To install instruNet i200 PCI or i230 Pemcia HARDWARE on a Windows 93 98 Me Computer 1 Make sure you are on a Windows 95 98 Me computer Install the instruNet software as noted above Turn computer POWER off Install the physical instruNet PCI or PCMCIA card Attach the instruNet network devices Attach the instruNet terminator Tighten the thumbscrews and Turn the computer on 2 It may ask you for a PCI or PCMCIA Card Driver on boot up Navigate via the Browse Other Locations button to the inf vxd files on your computer For PCI go to Program Files instruNet internal PCI or PCMCIA Win95 Driver Press Next to move through the installation process It might say Please insert disk labeled Program files instruNet internal Pcmcia or Pci Win95 Driver directory At this point you must navigate to Progra 1 instru 1 internal Pemcia 1 iNt95Pcm vxd for Pcmcia or Progra 1 instru 1 internal Pc1Win 1 iNet95 vxd for PCI You might need to type INt95Pcm vxd for Pemcia or 1Net95 vxd for PCI into the file name field while Progra 1 instru 1 internal Pemcia 1 or PciWin 1 is selected in the Directory area When done the card should be listed under Data Acquisition Cards in the System Device Manager Reboot your computer and then proceed to To Verify Your System below To install instruNet i200 PCI or i230 Pemcia HARDWARE on a Windows Nt 2k Xp gt Computer Ch 1 Installation M
224. within 10 or so 1 is better 1 is excellent in order for the bridge to operate properly In some bridge circuits all 4 resistors are supplied by the sensor manufacturer whereas in others e g 1 4 or 1 2 bridge circuits the user must supply completion resistors of the same value as the gage to complete the bridge circuit This can be done by installing precision resistors e g 0 1 or by installing fixed unstrained strain gages of the same ohmic value gt Filter Settings for Low Level Measurements Strain gage thermocouple and RTD voltages are typically very low and therefore often require low pass filtering to reduce noise Low pass filters cause high frequencies to be rejected while low frequencies are passed Visually the signal becomes smoother instruNet provides several low pass filter options Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors a The Low Pass popup menu in the Hardware settings area can select a variety of analog low pass filter options e g the Model 100 provides the following analog one pole low pass options off 40Hz and 4KHz b The Integrate field in the Hardware Settings area selects how long the signal is averaged before instruNet returns one number This averaging in effect is a low pass filter Careful this averaging fully consumes the instruNet controller and therefore reduces the maximum possible sample rate A 0 001 sec integration time is often very helpful at reducing noise and increasing accuracy
225. y To do a bending Strain Gage measurement using a 1 2 Bridge circuit you must 1 Do steps 1 through 7 listed in the previous Strain Gage Measurement Quarter Bridge discussion 2 Set the Wiring field in the Hardware settings area to H Bridge Bend 3 Wire your voltage source per figure 3 8 and refer to the steps at the beginning of this chapter for more information on how to set up your sensor 0 3 14 Ch 3 Connecting to Sensors Strain Gage Measuring axial strain using a 1 2 Measurement bridge configuration involves wiring Half Bridge two strain gages as shown in figure Axial 3 9 applying a voltage across the bridge and measuring the voltage across the two intermediate bridge nodes via a pair of instruNet Vin and Vin input terminals The excitation voltage for the bridge is supplied by either the instruNet Vout terminal or by an external voltage source In figure 3 9 Rgage is a strain gage Ro is either a fixed resistor of known value or a fixed unstrained strain gage of value Ro and Ry is the lead wire resistance instruNet calculates the value of the strain returning strain engineering units using the equations R gage R gage Fig 3 9 Strain Measurement Half Bridge Circuit Axial Vratio V V Vint Vin Vinit Vout Strain 4Vratio GF 1 v 2Vratio bv DI d Ri Ro v Ro Ri GF Vinit and Vout are fixed values that are specified by the user

instruNet Manual - OMEGA Engineering

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