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GRIF 2014 Fault Tree User Manual

1. ccf osda ts cet eadv3 perlodictestady fs bT fs 0O perlodic testsdv pa bT ps 0 fail to close ESDV1 or 2 ons WX47500 OF 3342E 2 1X47500 0F2 7376 4 UW47500 0F15122E3 Ori ons Andis W47800 01 SSGSE 2 WATSOO 01 S8GSE 2 W47500 03 1613 2 lt a lt r cct es ts 2 ccf esdv1 pa 2 pericdic testsdy fs bT O pericdictstsdv ps bTpso 201 WATS00 0F2 7376 4 WATSO0 0F1 5122E3 ue _AU Fail to close ESOVS Fail to close ESOVS Fail to close ESDV4 Fail to close ESOV4 Fail to close ESOV1 Fail to close ESOV2 ts ps ts ps Or20 Ort gt gt D U47800 071 SSGSE 2 WATS00 01 SEGSE 2 GP_LS an dv2 esda ts esd ps csov4 ts csdv4 ps perlodic testsdy fs T_fs Perlodic testsdv pa T_ps 0 Perlodictestsdy fs T amp O perlodic test sav ps T_ps 0 gt sdv2 1X47500 0F2 43 3 475600 071 3827E 2 1X47500 0 F2 43 3 WX47800 OF 1 3527E 2 gt sdv_c Fail to close ESOW1 Fail to close ESDV1 Fail to close ESDV4 Fail to close ESOV2 ts ps ts ps nd 12 r 16 Gp Q gt a esdi ts csv ps esd ts esQv2 ps perlodictestsdvy fs T fs O perlodic test sav ps T_ps 0 perlodictestsdvy fs T_ fs 0O perlodic testsdv pa T_ps 0 W4TS00 OF2 43SE 3 WW47500 OF 1 3527E2 W47500 0F2 43 3 47500 OF 1 3527E 2 a gt 1 2 Description of the Menus 1 The File menu contains the standard commands used in this type of menu open close save print etc The properties name creation date created by description version can be accessed and modified by se
2. a ECTS Align center Align right jE align top View toolsBar H EL Align middle Display state bar Qn Align bottom Document options Application options Connect to a CSY file Similarly to align elements horizontally select the type Align middle which aligns the ordinates while keeping the abscissa constant The principle is the same as that described above 2 5 8 Multiple selection It may sometimes be useful to select several elements located in the four corners of the input zone To simplify this type of selection click on each of the desired elements one by one while holding down the Shift key on the keyboard 2 5 9 Selecting connex adjacent parts It is sometimes difficult to select an additional part of a model To simplify the selection process select a graphical element then use menu Select connex part in the Edit menu The additional part can be selected directly by clicking on the element while keeping the Control button pressed 2 5 10 Zoom and page size When creating a model if the page size is not big enough it can be changed using the menus Increase page size Control Keypad Reduce page size Control Keypad Page size Control Keypad under the Tools menu The Page size menu allows the user to edit the page dimensions directly User Manual 27 70 Version 31 March 2014 KL Size and page zoom Width 1200 a Height a50 px zoom _ Apply on all document pages Page zoo
3. 2 3 1 Identical Transfer Gates or Shortcuts on gates 2 0 0 cece ece cence cence cence eee eee esses eeeeeeneeeeneenees 18 2 3 2 Repeated events or Shortcuts on events ss 20 2A Pate amd PO AMAR Cit e ane De cle Dec le do ele 20 225 D PS ce ssemcnsanceveneas ae E E N en tence enaoneaueanee 21 2 5 1 Copy Paste Remumber without shortcut 2c c3ccs exedisactenoeedetsecebecinsberdeteseiieseianiodssvectiecens 21 2 5 2 Copy Paste Renumber with shortcut ssnnnssesnssssnssssessssresssoresssressssressseessseressseee 23 DD OEM at E a e A ce 24 OL 24 2 CCC TO CANO a de ee ee tas Date don ae cet eo aie ie 25 2 5 6 Document properties Images management ccc cc cece eee ee eee ee eee ee eens eens eneeaeneeeeeaeneeas 25 A UU ao esau sancasecomns sactbancseruie ta bee skates a lc de 21 DDO MODS GEICCHOM cag cssaecacere coatne nse usncecieenaieomarescoanineteoanscnee aaneasomuiecnccsasuenecsonemecusasene 24 23 9 Scl CuHe connexx adjacent paS a see nada tbe ee eee eco ee ea tes 27 23 10 Loomi and pape SIZE de ae es td a 21 2S Midis TOSS AE ee 28 25 12 Gluing Associating SraphiCS ess an en era en n ss cena resident tee een 28 PS E a E aEZEZEZE 28 le Tbe ONC MAIO sornes nE EEE E D de 29 3 Help with common canse TANUT ES 0 siens codes site desoensaca Sne aE EENEN TE DEE Nn ari ENS 30 AME SE N O tea E E T O E E E N ET 30 PP COR a E E E E E da 30 A Laws and UNCOPLAINUES 550 2 nini EERS 32 DE SCD Or OS
4. Database Url e Connection options Connection properties e Login Login to be used to connect to database e Password Password to be used to connect to database e SQL Request Request that have to be executed to retrieve data from database e Name of ID field Name of field containing data ID e Type of ID Type of ID field INTEGER FLOAT VARCHAR 32 e Name of name field Name of field containing data name e Name of value field Name of field containing data value e Name of description field Name of field containing data description e Name of dimension field Name of field containing data dimension e Test Connection Name of field containing data description 11 3 Language Language tab enables to choice language e Language Language changes are taken into account when option windows is closed Available language are French and English 11 4 Options Options tab enables to tune application behavior e Save the options of the current document as default options in the application Save options of current doc as application default options e The application manages the default options of the documents Apply the default options to the current document Apply Application options to current document e Delay of automatic document saving in minutes Delay of automatic document saving in minutes A null value disables automatic saving User Manual 68 70 Version 31 March 2014 2
5. e Charts to draw charts representing computations on the model 1 4 Data Editing Tables 1 4 1 Description of the Tables To create or modify data parameters variables etc tables are available in the Data and Computations menu and in tabs at the right of the view All the GRIF 2014 data tables operate in the same manner Parameters alal v Name Location The data editing table panel is divided into 3 parts e The top part containing the buttons e The main part containing the data table e The bottom part indicating what the selected data is used for Saves the table in a text file E Opens the table in a text editor that defined in the Options Opens the column manager T When the display selection button is pressed a click in the table leads to the selection in the input area T Displays the data filtering part FE Multiple modifications made to all the selected data ya Creates new data fom Duplicate the selected data ask a new name H Deletes the selected data one or many User Manual 8 70 Version 31 March 2014 Enables data filtering or not Filtrer Defines the filter to be applied to the data Filtering allows you to display only what is necessary in a table Several filtering criteria can be combined as shown below Creation of data filter x Associate tests with AND OR Add a criteria o Select AND or OR to choose the type of associat
6. unavailability with Gamma Gamma Lambda Lambdal and Mu Mu2 S2 e Number 5 e Comment Sensor 2 e Law unavailability with Gamma Gamma Lambda Lambdal and Mu Mu2 S3 e Number 6 e Comment Sensor 3 e Law unavailability with Gamma Gamma Lambda Lambdal and Mu Mu2 R e Number 7 e Comment Relay e Law unavailability with Gamma 0 Lambda 10e 4 and Mu Mul SS_1 e Number 8 e Comment Sub system 1 e Law full periodic test law with Lambda Lambdal Lambda Lambdal Mu Mul Tau 4380 Teta 4380 Gamma 0 Pi 10 X 0 Sigma 1 and Omega 0 SS_2 e Number 9 e Comment Sub system 2 e Law full periodic test law with Lambda Lambdal Lambda Lambdal Mu Mul Tau 4380 Teta 10 Gamma 0 Pi 10 X 0 Sigma 1 and Omega 0 The tree s logic is governed by four gates e Divl e Number 1 e Name Orl e Comment ER e Type OR e Divl e Number 2 e Name And2 e Comment VALVES e Type AND e Divl e Number 3 e Name KofN3 e Comment SENSORS e Type K out of N User Manual 39 70 Version 31 March 2014 e Divl e Number 4 e Name Ord e Comment Sub systems e Type OR In this example different types of more or less simple laws have been used It was produced in a short time and allowed several more or less complex components to be modelled non repairable
7. Automatic without peak xi Display peaks values at Last v Interval on X from to L Log Interval on Y from to _ Log oo Display options Display title Display generic values 67 70 Version 31 March 2014 11 Options of GRIF Fault Tree Tools Application Options menu opens a window containing the following tabs 11 1 Executables Executables tab enables to specify path to external executables e Editor path Specifies text editor path e Mail client Enable you to set the mail client to use e Automatically open PDF files Specifies if PDF reports must be opened with generation e Style sheet from XML to DocBook Style sheet allowing converting from XML report to docbook file e Style sheet from XML to HTML Style sheet allowing converting from XML report to HTML file e Style sheet from DocBook to PDF Style sheet allowing converting from docbook file to PDF file e Moca RPC path Specifies Moca version 12 path e Javaw path Path of javaw exe executable 11 2 Database Database tab enables to configure database connection e Use DataBase connection for parameters Select if database must be use e Name Database name will be put into parameter during its update It enables to know from which database parameter has been lastly updated e JDBC Driver Enter name of JDBC driver to be used sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver oracle jdbc driver OracleDriver e Connection to database
8. E A event a 68 He Grapes aeri a E E E a E 69 UDe a Ta ea E 69 SES S 69 EEE 5 SON TUS E aa sass I E E P N E A A OE E E tee tecemnceaes 69 EE EO EEE 70 User Manual 3 70 Version 31 March 2014 1 Presentation of the interface 1 1 Main window of the Fault Tree module The main window is divided into several parts e Title bar The title bar shows the names of the module and file being edited e Menu bar The menu bar gives access to all the application s functions e Icon bar shortcuts The shortcut bar is an icon bar horizontal which gives faster access to the most common functions e Tool bar The tool bar vertical allows you to select the elements for modeling Input zone A maximum amount of space has been left for the graphical input zone for creating the model e Tree A tree is hiden between input zone and tool bar It enables to walk through pages and groups of the document e Set of tables Tables are gathered in hiden tabs on the right nt Fault Tree Data and Computations Group pox e Raag Ge EE tkt rer A gt AGP amp AU AGP and AU B W47E0O OFZ 339SE 3 AU AG WATEOO OFS SCSTE 3 WX47500 OFS 6218E 2 AG failure of valves ois WATSO0 02 SISTE 3 AU LS constant SE 4 LN47800 DFSE 4 Fall ee Fail to close valves ore Andi0 WATSOO O2 DGSSE 3 f WATSOO OFS COTTE 4 Fail to 3 COFESOV CCF ESOVS ps Andia P WATSOO DZ SG8TE 4 Ca
9. Each group can then be edited renamed or ungrouped using the commands in the Group menu The group can also be edited with a click right or using the cursor down arrow on the left of the page manager In Edit mode the submodel can then be modified as you wish When the modification is terminated you return to the previous figure by exiting group editing by menu Group Quit Group Edition or using the cursor up arrow on the left of the page manager It s also possible to choose a picture for a group by using Group Change Picture menu Note Groups can be grouped recursively 2 5 Data Entry Aids To simplify model creation the Fault Tree module has different data entry aids to automate time consuming operations 2 5 1 Copy Paste Renumber without shortcut To assist with the entry of the repeated parts of the Fault Tree Copy Paste and Renumber mechanisms have been provided This operation is carried out in 6 steps 1 Select the part to be copied 2 Click the Copy icon or use menu Edit Copy or the shortcut Ctrl C User Manual 21 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 3 Click the Paste and Renumber icon or use menu Edit Paste and Renumber or the shortcut Ctrl R 4 A window appears where you choose the start number for the renumbering 5 The previously selected part is copied and the copy is selected 6 Move the copy to the desired location We then obtain the tree shown in the figure below e Orl and And2 g
10. Ee bs UE SET SON RETRO REX Daana Ets Sen Dee ef comte nf comte Fe ef oe o conte Fee eee Dee af 2 a Attacher a une CCF existante FOS nr D tacher les CCF Ajouter a la liste des l ments observes 3 2 Editing a CCF You can edit the properties of a CCF in different ways 1 Double Click on a cell of the CCF table and edit 2 Use the contextual menu on a table raw and click on Property action User Manual 30 70 Version 31 March 2014 st m Pd i XI ec EEA RG ETSY pag EIT MEL EE H Enregitrer le tableau complet txt H Enregitrer le tableau filtr txt Editer Gestionnaire des colonnes vy Filtrer ES Modification multiple Ajouter Dupliquer X Supprimer A configuration window opens he rerio Num ro Nom Automatique Commentaire Two types of laws are now possible for a CCF 1 The beta total law Beta parameter is applied to the laws of concerned components Singularities a A component can be concerned by several CCF using beta total law b The sum of the beta set on the CCF must be strictly less than for a component c The supported laws for a component are exponential constant and test periodic 2 The beta nuclear law The laws of the components are replaced by the law defined by the CCF Singularities a A component must be linked to only one CCF using beta nuclear law b Laws of components are no longer used c The supported laws for CCF are expon
11. Every GRIF computation is stored in result bank which is avalable on the right of the module Computations default Albizia B default Moca IB Batch for Sensitivity analysis Computationt with lambda 1E 5 B Computation with lambda 5E 6 B Computation3 with lambda 1E 6 4 Frozen computation for curves B Frozen Testi 1 Result Bank fal ea X e You can display a result with a double click on it There is a default result for each computation engine it is the place where standard complutation are stored Then each is a batch computation directory it contains as many results as computations aked for the batch Finally the directory contains results for curves that have been frozen User Manual 55 70 Version 31 March 2014 8 Curves The curves can be drawn to study the model and the results better To do this click left on the corresponding icon on the vertical task bar then draw a box This box will be the space assigned to displaying the curve s Initially it is only a white box with two axes without graduation Charts icon We must now define the curves to be drawn To do this click right on the box to display the Charts Edit window 8 1 Edit curves window The edit curves window is the same for all the GRIF modules charts Edit x Charts tithe Evts Data List Legend Information i Style Cure IPRIEvt x opomni Jeune R ST No point IET Sty
12. RC 1iTreetlree 1jtr 5 The Fault Tree menu contains all the commands needed to produce the graphical part of the current model The vertical icon bar on the left of the application provides shortcuts for each of the Fault Tree commands cf vertical tool bar Fault Tree H Select 1 Gate And I Gate Or l Gate K Out Of H l Gate Comment O Elementary event 1 Basic event Li To be developed event 1 Home event O Negation O Link onhby one O Links many O Identical transfer gate O Repeated event I Comment O Enmamic display O Charts 6 The Data and Computations menu is divided into two parts data management creation and management of the different parameters and configuration computation launch computation time desired computation etc Data and Computations Edit Parameters Update from database Verity Launch JA ralia 2 Launch Aralia V2 Launch JA ralia 4 Aralia V4 data Launch Aralia V4 Moca data Launch Moca 12 NB The Verify function detects any errors in the model data without values equal to NaN events having the same name etc 7 The Group menu concerns the input and management of submodels grouped into independent subassemblies User Manual 6 70 Version 31 March 2014 The icon bar just under the menus proposes shortcuts for two of the Group commands Group Change name Ungroup 8 Finally the Help menu accesses the on line Help the Help topics an
13. Remark width Width in pixels of the remark frame at the top of events Default value is 100 11 8 Gates Shortcuts Gates Shortcuts tab enables to change gates reports display e Label size Specifies label font size User Manual 69 70 Version 31 March 2014 e Display name Enables to display name or not e Display description Enables to display description or not e Display K N Enables to display K N or not e Display shortcut location Display the set of reports for a gate e Display target value Display the target value for each gate e Additional information Enables to display additional information results of computation e Display shortcut source name Display name of the matching gate under identical transfer gate e Display shortcut source page Display page of the matching gate under identical transfer gate e Remark height Height in pixels of the remark frame at the top of gates Default value is 40 e Remark width Width in pixels of the remark frame at the top of gates Default value is 100 11 9 Curves Charts tab enables to change charts drawing e Set graphics borders Add borders to charts e Set generic values borders Add borders to generic values under charts e Display grid Display grid on curves area e Display legends Display legends under curves e Drawing zone transparency Activate curves area transparency e Graphic transparency Activate charts transparency e Tit
14. below e First random number It is the seed of random number generator e Maximum computation time MT The computations are stopped and the results are printed even if the requested number of histories has not been reached User Manual 50 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL Note the unit of time MT is the second e Automatic history duration If this box is checked GRIF will compute history duration using computation time of variables and statistical states If not user can choose a specific History duration e Multi processors computing Enables or not the multi processor computing when available e Activate uncertainty propagation Enables or not the uncertainty propagation computations two stage simulation in this case we must specify the number of sets of parameters played the real number of histories thus simulated will be the number of sets of parameters x number of histories to be simulated and will be displayed in the Total number of histories field 4 Variables This tabs reminds comuting configuration of variables If document contains some statistical states another tab is available 5 Output used to configure the output e Prints the description of the Petri Net in the results file or not e Prints the results file allowing it to be loaded using a spreadsheet application such as EXCEL e Prints the censored delays or not e Number of outputs during simulation If 2 outputs there will be an output
15. eE E E ER ERE 32 4 1 1 ALD On demand law for Albizia constant law 0 0 c ccc ccc cece cece eeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeees 32 AA WE DORA NAW 4 crsuconaitenednceaancardtcesnacaeaaducos se a eet 32 4 1 3 IND Unavailability law for Albizia GLM sisi eines 32 A NA WBCS WV D a ee ee A 33 AAS RPS Simple Porodice Vest ANS nistnedoacnssuussereeteccee 33 4 1 6 TPE Extended Periodic Test AW ccscseinicsccccenonvessnseswatancesdaclewadiutdencad Eene ENa 34 LL 7 TPC Pull Penouic Test law ae eine sta nn tac ee ohio tetes een 34 4 1 8 NRD No Recovery Before Delay law ccc cence ence ence cence ence eee e nena ene eaeneeeeeaenneas 35 User Manual 2 70 Version 31 March 2014 4 1 9 GLM GLM Asymptotic law for Albizia asymptotic exponential law 35 LEIO DOR DORE SE aie on nl E de 35 ALI CMT Constant mission RS ae EER ne 36 EEI NP DB E E E E 36 LAS MER 7 Markov OT ADI oder E A E a one 36 41 14 UNL Umiform A RP a a a aa aa aE 36 LS NCOG 7 L g Normal aW secas EAE tot 37 LLI NORM NO a A EE 37 AD Meet tallies on the DAMES E S le te 37 S Example of Faul ES SR EErEE ES 38 G PENO sira E E E O E de 41 Te COMPAL LD OR sone E becceneeneasaceascccuseeesenees 43 A AI PA COMMU OS ee 43 Lit Conte utine The COMPUTAUONS Eee eds reene ta sense iii trans cin cine tieiees 43 A R eU eena ER EEA E AE EEE 48 T2 MOOCA COMPU ONS eeren EE EE EE 49 7 2 1 Configuring the COMPUTATIONS sise eee eeseee
16. parameters it can be very usefull to do calculation one after another automatically To do this use the Data and Computation Batch computation menu Name of computation Computation Computation Options Modify Modifications on the model Add modifications _ Remove modifications parameters vawe 1065 parameers u Vane gt The batch launching window is made of two part the first is for the name of the batch and the number of computations in the batch Then each computation can be set up e Name of computation for identification in results e Computation options contains every options related to this computation times types e Modifications on the model specifies modifications that will be made on the model before computation launching You can add as many modification as you want with the button Each modification is made of 4 parts 1 1 drop down menu for object type 2 1 drop down menu for the object that will be modified 3 1 drop down menu to sp cify what will be modified on this object value for a parameter law for other object 4 Then you must enter the new value in the cell The above exemple shows a batch with 2 computations the first is made with a lambda parameter with 1 0E 5 value and a mu parameter with 0 1 value After a computation the model is always reset up to an initial state without modification User Manual 54 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 5 Result Bank
17. 2 TOTAL GRIF 2014 Fault Tree Sai GRaphiques Interactifs pour la Fiabilit Tree User Manual Version 31 March 2014 Copyright 2014 Total Table of Contents L Pr sentation OF the MI TIACE sise icseheu chose studies tosee seneb eten aa 4 1 1 Main window of the Fault Tree module 20 0 0 0 ce cece cence eee n ence eee e eee teases eases e eee eee ea teeta es 4 12 D S BOOM Ol he Menus oseng atoa deine E aa seas veaw T E ene tenet meen weet T 4 NO ODA a a ei 7 LA ADA ES ADS antirresausienmeaeaiensedeemenene 8 LAT Descripuon OF th Tables 2 de da dia eos detecte diet 8 AS 1 AIDC ICC SS OA E e E syactneciediarynasuaasequuesaedea um E T 10 Te Dan Ci AOU oases ed a 10 DS qamncuaiarenssaumsegeses 1 22 CARS A TAME TE CC nee scene nee deco cac E das secs ce seu 12 LEE Woy TNC Ce RTE 12 Dil lg RL EL LOU LC EEE 12 e M VOS a ed ion 12 2 1 3 Initiator event for frequency computation UFD ccc ccc cece cence eee e ee ee eee ee eee eeeeeeeeeaenneees 13 LERE TES RS D a 13 Des INGO BAe de ee a 0 14 Dl E E a A de de o de ee nee 14 DA VMTN TIONG S e cans cccnwaceeneeusieesteusecateeueasaceouaneuetseameateusadeneecenaes peuaar O 15 22 Oma aC CC MIO E ee Da ee a te 16 2 2 1 Conf CTA the CARS D sa ae Om Dead ie ci a iii 16 ed 2s O IM THC Ci LE CIS TE EE ER aid eabesseen deme uecsaenaes ieee onesie edeaiaeerstacneeaceceuaeues 17 Dede SOS ne oun teesceuaneeie ance uieuseneieeusine couse 18
18. 2014 2 TOTAL 2 5 2 Copy Paste Renumber with shortcut The Copy Paste and Renumber command creates new instances 1 e new subtree similar to the subtree copied e Same graphical structure e Same parameters e The number and name of the events and gates change new name Evti for events and type of gate i for the gates where i is the new number e Same comments When identical transfer gates are part of the selection to be Copied Pasted and Renumbered they will then remain unchanged for the copy They shall always point to the same gate if this gate is not part included in the selection to be copied In the above example gate Orl an event Evt1 have been renumbered normally The shortcut to gate And2 has not been modified When a gate that part of a shortcut is also part of a selection hat is going to be Copied Pasted and Renumbered and if the shortcut itself is not present then the gate will be renumbered in the conventional manner SENSORS Sensor 1 fails Sensor 2 fails In the above example all of the events and gates have been renumbered normally When identical transfer gate and their corresponding original gate are included in the selection to be Copied Pasted and Renumbered then new shortcuts will be created and they will be linked to the new gates User Manual 23 70 Version 31 March 2014 SENSORS SENSORS Sensor 1 fails Sensor 2 fails In the above example the gate that is lin
19. 3 PID V123R4 Author efolleau Date i53uy2011 Comment Images may be very useful to represent sub system GRIF 2014 enables to save images that can be used in different parts of software groupes prototypes Images management is made in Images tab To add a new picture into document use icon A double click in File column enables to select an picture jpg gif or png A double click in Description column enables to give a name or a description to selected image Once in document picture can be linked to a groupe with Group Picture change menu Images are saved indide document pay attention to picture size Because images are inside document you have to re add picture if picture is modified erternaly User Manual 26 70 Version 31 March 2014 a TOTAL 2 5 7 Alignment To improve the legibility of the model the selected elements can be aligned vertically or horizontally To do this use the Align command in the Tools menu The following figure shows how the command works For example to align selected places and transitions vertically proceed as follows 1 Select the elements places transitions comments etc to be aligned 2 Go into the Tools menu and select the Align function 3 Choose the type of alignment Align center 4 Click left on the mouse 1 New Page Page manager Move to page i Refresh Pes eras 7 Comment Comment 7 E
20. A CSV file has the extension csv It is a simple text file where the different fields are separated by commas tabs or semi colons It is the simplest form of database ITD NOM VALEUR DESCRIPTION DIMENSION 000001 Lambda 0 001 Exemple de Lamda RATE 000002 Mu 0 01L Exemple de Mu RATE 000003 Gamma 0 5 Exemple de Gamma PROBABILITY 000004 ProdMax 1000 0 Exemple de Production maximum OTHER 9 1 2 Connection To connect GRIF to this database go into menu Tools Connection to a CSV file A dialogue box is then displayed CSV file to be used as database C UsersibdecoumuaudiworkspaceVJaGrif iruniT mm Test Name of ID field ID Name of name field NOM Name of value field VALEUR Name of description field DESCRIPTION Name of dimension field DIMENSION Separator OY O tab This window is divided into three parts e You must initially enter the path leading to the CSV file To do this there is an explorer available button A Test function is used to check the connection e You must then enter the names of the four fields of the CSV file e Finally specify the types of separators used in the CSV file Note A CVS connection must be made with a CVS File which means generated from only one sheet of a EXCEL File User Manual 60 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 9 2 Connection via a JDBC link example with ODBC connector 9 2 1 Form of the database The database can initially b
21. If you want to display informations about a data of the model you must use the following syntax data type of data field used o search data value that the field must match information you want to display for the selected data We can analyze the above windows as follows I am looking for a parameter which name is lambda and I want to display its value When you type the first letters a completion system helps to type script without error If you want to display a result of the result bank the syntax is the following result bank path in the bank target target result what you want to display at what time We can analyze the next picture as follows I am looking for a result which path in the bank is default Moca I want results for TS3 for available valriable and I want its value for the last time If last is replaced by time 10 we obtain value at t 10 7 Commentaire result bank default Moca target Vvariable STAT TYPES availability value last Oo ow e e User Manual 15 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL You can also display a summary of result Replace what you want to display by summary In this case summary is the last word of this script A button has been added in 2013 version it is a script generator for model data 2 2 Configuring the elements All the graphical elements can normally be edited with a double click on them or using the Edit Properties menu or us
22. Q t U t or PFD t _ Availability A t _ Unconditional Failure Intensity UFI t or Wit _ Conditional Failure Intensity CFI t or Equivalent Mt _ Approximate Unreliability F t _ Approximate Reliability R t _ Calculation of time spent in zones Configuration e Target specifies the target of the computations Two choices are possible Top for the top s of the tree and Selected node for the node currently selected in the tree e Computation times specifies the computation options Iterate From A to B step C the computations will be performed for values of t ranging from A to B with a step of C List of times the computations will be performed for the values of t given in this list Display discontinuity points the computation engine takes into account the discontinuity points if the option is selected Times in The values entered are supposed to be hours The unit can be specify among hours days months years Compute mean value through 0 t the computation engine computes the mean value of each variable to compute for each computation times Compute integral value through 0 t the computation engine computes the integral of each variable to compute for each computation times e Activate propagation of uncertainty activate the propagtion of uncertainties and specifies parameters of computation and wanted results Number of histories Number of histories Monte Carlo simulation that have to
23. RS Abd l Evt Evt3 User Manual 19 70 Version 31 March 2014 3 Connect the shortcut created in this manner to gate Orl Name of the gate of origin Page number of the gate of origin Sensor 1 fails Sensor 2 tails Evt Evt3 The name of the original gate and the page number where the original gate is located are shown beside the shortcut to gate And2 Although linked from the computational logic viewpoint the two trees are now totally graphically independent They can now be placed on different pages or in different groups cf later on in this document 2 3 2 Repeated events or Shortcuts on events From the logic viewpoint an event can have an impact on several branches of the same tree To correctly model this case this event must be duplicated To do this select the corresponding icon on the vertical toolbar then click the event to be duplicated Name of the event of origin Page 11 e an a Page number of the event of origin The event which has just been duplicated is now marked in dark grey whereas the duplicated event is shown in light grey The name and number of the original event s page are shown beside the shortcut The repeated event must now be inserted in the model given that at each instant its state will be equal to that of the original event NB Obviously if the original event is deleted then the duplicated event is also deleted 2 4 Page and group manag
24. T a6 Loo SY 2 Export entire set of results TW GRIF Fault Tree Module FT Probability Importance Factors Products with components Results Info Synthesis PR And1 Type PR Name And1 MEME EM Evt2 Time Value ae AE a a E 2E2 5 9562E 3 BE2 EH 4E2 3 5833E 2 5E2 o BO96E2 D 6E2 9 18492 o o 7E2 0 12 Save result file 1 Advanced report Save standard output Save lo data file a jeudi 20 septembre 2012 13 34 45 CEST e Save result file saves the contents of the Results tab xml format e Advanced report generates reports using style sheets e Save standard output saves the contents of the Info tab txt format e Save engine data file saves the data file sent to the computation engine txt format e Save as XML spreadsheet 2003 XMLSS saves all the results tables in an XML format compatible with Microsoft r Excel 2003 and later versions User Manual 66 70 Version 31 March 2014 10 5 Curves 2 TOTAL For each curve drawn the points which have been computed in CSV format can be saved This list of points can then be used to draw new curves or to perform further computations User Manual W Charts Edit Fa Charts title Evts LEE a Data List E Legend Information ae Style mm Av a Pe Ne pani 1 ia Style Type Intervals
25. TOTAL e Number of undo Specifies number of possible undo redo e Number of recent files Specifies number of files in recent files list e Window display Enables separate tables external or linked tables internal e Columns to be resized in tables Enables to specify the columns on which space will be taken for resizing e Manage new names to avoid name conflict Tries to avoid name conflict creating new objects whose name is unik when pasting for example e Add Copy suffix for copy paste If Enabled a copy suffix will be added to the name of pasted objects e Synchronize view with tables Select objects in tables on the right when they are selected in view e Synchronize view with explorer Select objects in explorer on the left when they are selected in view e In results window display description instead of default name Enable displaying of Comment Description of objects in results window I can be better than a default name may be without meaning e Automatic cutting of imported files Automatically cuts of tree when a new file is imported xml or dag e Automatic cutting when deeper than When automatic cutting N is the number or doors after which the link is cut 11 5 Graphics Graphics tab enables to modify GUI look e Use Windows look and feel Use the look and feel of your operating system instead of java look and feel GRIF restart is needed e Element Zoom Changes graphics size e Com
26. ables on the right you can hide the tree User Manual 11 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 Creating a fault tree 2 1 Entering the tree 2 1 1 Entering gates To enter the different Gates select the corresponding symbol on the vertical toolbar new element is then created whenever you click right on the graphical entry area Each of the model s gates has five parameters l A number These numbers are with the type the gates true identifiers those which will be used by the computation engine That is why when you wish to change the numbers of certain gates you must remember that two gates cannot have an identical number They are automatically incremented as new elements are created name It is a parameter which is defined automatically and which cannot be modified by the user The name of each gate consists of its type followed by its number e g And1 or KofN3 A K out of N integer This field is only accessible in the case of K out of N gates It allows you to choose the value of K K equals 1 by default A comment This field adds text inside the gate This function makes the model more legible by giving the specific features of these elements A type When a gate has been created its type can be modified to one of the five types available in the drop down list A fod1 Name Rmk 2 1 2 Entering events To enter the model s Events select the corresponding symb
27. an selected pages to print and configuration e Print whole document Allows to print whole document e Print current page Allows to print the current page e Print select Allows to print the selected pages The Print partially selected pages allows you to print pages marked by a blue square e Print border Print a border on each page e Print filename Print the filename on the top left corner of each page e Print page number Print the page name and number on the bottom of each page e Print date Print the date on the top right corner of each page User Manual 41 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL e The Save in RTF file function initially gives access to a window called Printing properties Then to another called Information And thirdly a window is displayed allowing you to choose the folder in which the RTF Printing properties xi Print border file is to be saved Print filename is Print page number Is S Print date Cancel When you select the Save in RTF file function the first box to appear is that shown above You can then select your preference Print border Print filename Print page number and or Print date Information xi v Print current view _ Print current page Print whole document ow non Secondly an Information window appears It allows you to indicate whether you wish to print the current view print the current page or pr
28. at NH 2 and at NH 6 Advanced options used to configure the advanced options e You can choose the limit of transitions fired at the same time before loop detection 7 2 2 Reading the results New GUI Since GRIF 2010 results are displayed in a windows with many tabs and tables 7 2 2 1 Moca Results Moca results atre displayed in a window containing 6 main tabs variables places transitions XML stantard output info 7 2 2 1 1 Tab of Variables The Variables tab contains every information computed for each variable or statistical state e Value Contains every value of a variable for every type of statistic e History at the end of histories contains historical values for each computed statitic e Fixed size Histogram Contains histograms computed by Moca cf chapter about histograms e Equiprobable classes Histogram Contains histograms computed by Moca cf chapter about histograms e User defined Histogram Contains histograms computed by Moca cf chapter about histograms e Timeline Contains a timeline for each variable Times are automatically computed by Moca 7 2 2 1 2 Tab of Places It contains sojourn duration and mean mark for each place of Petri Net 7 2 2 1 3 Tab of Transitions It contains firing frequencies for each transition and firing history for each history 7 2 2 1 4 Other tabs Other tabs display raw results XML tab contains XML output of Moca it is the file used to retrieve da
29. ates from original tree are become Or3 and Andd for the copy e Evtl Evt2 and Evt3 events from original tree are become Evt4 Evt5 and Evt6 for the copy When copying to a new document any data conflicts are handled in the following window Data conflict Ea Some data has same name in destination document Please manage conflict in order to paste Use data of destination document O Create a copy for each data in conflict O Manually manage conflict Source document Destination document Use existing Lambda d Lambda1 C N WwW a dd This window shows all the data which has the same name in the source document and the destination document There are three choices 1 Use data of destination document this will replace the occurrences of the data in the source document by the data with the same name in the destination document 2 Create a copy for each data in conflict this will replace the occurrences of the data in the source document by a copy with a name with the suffix copy 3 Manually manage conflict this allows you to choose whether you use the existing data or not depending on the data You can also specify the name of the copy by double clicking on the box in the destination document column The names in this column are normally masked when the Use existing check box is selected since it is the data which is already in the destination document which will be used User Manual 22 70 Version 31 March
30. be made Confidence range at specifies the percentage of resultats that will be included in the confidence range Quantiles chosen With all results of histoires the software do a quantile computation But there are always many ways to chose bounds of an interval containing X of the results Here you can chose on the left lower bound is minimum upper bound is the quantile at X onthe right lower bound is the quantile at 100 X upper bound is the maximum and in the middle User Manual 44 70 Version 31 March 2014 e Probabilities specifies probabilities to compute e Unavailability Q t U t or PFD t according to different standards and countries e Availability A t 1 U t e Unconditional Failure Intensity W t UFI t or PFH t according to different standards and countries It is the probability that the system fails between t and t dt assuming systeme was OK a time t 0 Conditional Failure Intensity CFI t Aeq t or AVesely t according to different standards and countries It is equal to W t A t It is the probability that the system fails between t and t dt assuming systeme was OK at and at time t 0 e Unreliability F t 1 R t Reliability R t R t exp Integral from O to t of Aeq u du We can see here that this reliability is based on an equivalent lambda and not on the real lambda This is a good approximation that is conservative Anyway you can not compute the reliability with a fault
31. chose MIF algorithm e Partial derivative Uses quick algorithm based on partial derivative To be used with coherent fault trees only e Exclusive Cofactor Uses less quick algorithm using Exclusive cofactor S It stays valid with non coherent fault trees e BDD Uses algorithm using BDD only for coherent fault trees With automatic mode the Partial derivative algorithm is used execpt for non coherent fault tree Negation XOR IfThenElse where S is used User Manual 47 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 7 1 1 4 UFl computation configuration GRIF with Albizia engine enables to compute UFI on non coherent fault tree The automatic mode takes into account almost cases but user can select which algorithm to use There is two way for UFI computation e UFI computation with MIF It is usual method Let be a System S made of many components c the UFI also called w of S is equal to UFI ws MIF S c w This algotithme is less performant than the one based on BDD but it works for non coherent fault tree 1f the MIF is well computed e UFI computation with BDD It is the fastest methode which is base on BDD This method doesn t work for non coherent fault trees except in the particular case of initiator events cf option below In order to exmplain the Take failure order into account not initiator then initiator option lets take a simple example un system made of one safety barrier which set the systeme in a
32. d to About 1 3 Vertical toolbar Each operating safety model has its own icons All the graphical symbols for the fault trees are shown on the vertical icon bar on the left of the data input screen The vertical toolbar contains the following items e Select selects the desired elements e AND gate to add a logic gate of the type AND represented by a flat based geometrical figure e Or gate to add a logic gate of the type OR represented by a curved based geometrical figure e K out of N to add a logic gate of the type K out of N represented by a geometrical figure with a double flat base e Comment gate to insert a block represented by a rectangle containing only comments in the model User Manual 7 70 Version 31 March 2014 e Elementary event represented by a diamond shape e Basic event represented by a circle e To be developed event represented by two diamond shapes one inside the other e Home event represented by a shape vaguely resembling a house e Negation represented by a small circle e Link one only to create one connection and only one between an input gate and an output gate or event e Links many to create connections between the inputs gates and the outputs gates and events e Identical transfer gate represented by a triangle e Repeated event represented by a circle e Comment to add text directly to the graphic e Dynamic display to display the value of a model element
33. da 4 0E 4 lambda 5 0E 4 lambda 6 0E 4 C lambda 8 0E 4 lambda 9 0E 4 o 48 Frozen computation for curves Result to be displayed 4 E Gates and Events J Probability Q Andi ev Evt2 Information to show Value For which point Ci When the rime is equal to The Dernier point a Display X Axis values according to lambda Value to be displayed Minimum Maximum Average Computation selection the user can select the different computations to be used from the results bank Hold down the Ctrl button to select several different computations Result to be displayed a computation often contains several results and this file tree structure is used to specify the result that the user wants to display Information to show indicates which data are to be displayed on the y axis For which point indicates which point of the computation is to be compared to the others Display x axis values according to indicates which data must be displayed on the x axis Value to be displayed finally certain extra data can be displayed min max average etc 59 70 Version 31 March 2014 9 Databases In each GRIF module a connection can be established to a database It is possible to have two different types of connections e connection to a CSV file e connection via a JDBC link 9 1 Connection to a CSV file 9 1 1 Form of the database This type of connection is the simplest to make
34. disables the data sorting This improves the application s performance with very complex models To modify data double click the box to be modified When several lines are selected using the CTRL or SHIFT keys changes can be made to all the selected data by using Multiple changes A window then opens to allow you to make these changes User Manual 9 70 Version 31 March 2014 Multiple changes Multiple changes of Parameters Field Mame alue Last database ECM Items which cannot be modified are greyed The white lines indicate that the selected data does not have the same value for the field in question new value can be entered which will be taken into account for all the selected data The lines with no background colour indicate that all the selected data has the same value for this field in this example the selected data is all Float they can be changed to give a new value to all the selected data The bottom table in the data table indicates which elements in the model use the selected data The first column of this table gives the name of these elements the second indicates their location in the document page group Clicking on a line in this bottom table opens the page where the element is located and selects the element 1 4 2 Table accessibility As mentioned above the tables can be accessed via the Data and Computations menu in this case each table is displayed in a separate window To avoid having
35. e 4 1 12 EMP Empiric This not actually en law you must enter probability and failure rate in a tableau according to the time NB If you ask for computation a times that are not in the table the value will be interpolated according to other points 4 1 13 MKR Markov graph This law uses a Markov graph as definition Select the path of the jma file In order to do Boolean computation you need to do a preprocessing of the law The preprocessing automatically start Markov module and retrieve necessary values It can be done with a right click on the object having the law or in Data and computations menu 4 1 14 UNI Uniform law This law has two parameters and upper limit and a lower limit Parameters e a upper limit b lower limit The law is defined as follows t a b a Ot User Manual 36 70 Version 31 March 2014 4 1 15 NLOG Log normal law This law has two parameters the mean and the standard deviation Parameters e Mu mean e Sigma standard deviation The law is defined as follows In t D O t 1 at f t e E 0 LOV 27T 4 1 16 NORM Normale This law has two parameters the mean and the standard deviation Parameters e Mu mean e Sigma standard deviation The law is defined as follows f 1 J O t I fat f t e 0 OV27 4 2 Uncertainties on the parameters For each probability law used in the model it 1s possible to introd
36. e Geometric mean PDS Method This method uses the geometric mean of lambdas It is PDS Method recommanded by SINTEF It works fine with very different lambdas e Quadratic mean This method uses the quadratic mean of lambdas Computation of for CCF The lambda of a CCF is computed from lambdas of impacted components Please select a computation method o Minimum Maximum O Average m ax l l O Geometric mean O Quadratic mean 7 1 2 Albizia Results Les r sultats sont pr sent sous la forme d une fen tre compos e de 4 onglets e Probabilit e Facteurs d importance e Coupes User Manual 48 70 Version 31 March 2014 e XML 2 TOTAL The Probabily tab gathers all probability computations The top part displays the percentage of time spent in each zone if needed Then a synthesis tablea diplays minimum maximum mean average and sum If it is a computaion with propagation of uncertainties a column diplays the confidence range of the average hid GRIF Fault Tree Module AM Standard output 0 1E 4 1E 4 1E 2 1E 3 1E 2 SIL 1 1E 2 1E 1 SILO ME 1 1 0 366 99 5755 TTT eae aaa 99 8791 0 001 1 0 0103 0 1033 1 088 98 7973 montane ooo Ce C C idC i i CE E iki F a E Min Max Mean sum Mean 0 1 aik 6 2983E3 0 9473 0 9473 p cn OB09E 2 8 9961E 2 7 8806E2 8 9961E 2 8 9961E 2 RevesledDangerousF Ce E E 7 7601E3 8859 0 885 HidenFailure 1 RevealedDangerousFai
37. e in the form of an EXCEL or ACCESS file Then using the operating system an ODBC system data source must be created In the case of WINDOWS for example this operation is performed in menu Control Panel Administration tools data source ODBC Here is an example of an EXCEL database VALEUR DESCRIPTION 1Lambda 0 001 Exemple de Lamda RATE 2 Mu 0 01 Exemple de Mu RATE 3Gamma 0 5 Exemple de Gamma PROBABILITY 4 ProdMax 1000 0 Exemple de Production maximum OTHER 9 2 2 Connection To connect GRIF to this ODBC database go into menu Tools Application options Database A window is then displayed which must be filled in as follows GRIF Fault Tree Module Graphics Digital format Use DataBase connection for parameters Name JDBC Driver Connection to database Connection options Login Password SQL Request Name of ID field Type of ID VARCH AR 32 Name of name field NOM Name of value field VALEUR Now VEU Name of description field DESCRIPTION OOO penson Name of dimension field DIMENSION Test Connection Notes 1 sun jdbc odbc JdbcOdbcDriver is the driver name 2 jdbc odbc REX specifies that REX is the name of the ODBC link User Manual 61 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 3 The fields Connection options Login and Password are unnecessary here 4 SELECT ID NOM VALEUR DESCRIPTION FROM Feuil1 is called the query where Feuil1 is the name
38. e labels or transition labels It is replaced by the string entered in the Replace part e The Renumber part only concerns the places It is used to change place numbers You indicate a Start number then specify a constant Step or Add a constant value to the current numbers e Click OK to return to the chart The changes are validated Note The name changes and renumbering can be done manually if the necessary precautions are taken avoiding duplicates etc You click the Future number or Future name column and enter the change Do not forget to validate it with the ENTER key User Manual 24 70 Version 31 March 2014 T GRIF Fault Tree Module Present number Present name Future number Future name TE Evtt E 1 EMI 22 Find Replace Find _ Regular expression wwe 2 5 5 Selection change The Replace selection function is equivalent to a Replace all but only applied to the selected elements Only the selected gates and events can be replaced NB The Replace selection function does not allow the model s parameters to be replaced 2 5 6 Document properties Images management File Doucument properties menu enable to save information about document name version comment These informations are available in General tab User Manual 25 70 Version 31 March 2014 Document properties File CUsersicfolleauworkspaceiGRiFoiuniBFiabiBlocFiab jod Name SystemxX1E4 Version 1
39. egin Arrow width Arrow height 2 5 14 Table Cleaning Data may not be used anymore it can be used usefull to delete every unused data To facilitate removal use Data and Computations Unused data deletion menu Unused data deletion x Following data are not used in model Parameters Lambda1 Lambda2 Mu LILI Select all Unselect all Select data you want to delete and click OK This window displays unused data Select data you realy yan to delete and click OK User Manual 29 70 Version 31 March 2014 3 Help with common cause failures To facilitate the creation of model the Fault Tree module allows the creation of CCF Common Cause Failure and to link a logical entity Event Block to one or more common cause failures CCF are available in the data table There is no graphical entity associated with CCF The logical entity associated with an active CCF are graphically marked by a yellow flash ee ee fa a LA A Evia Evi enxrestieal 1E 3 core 1E 3 Ola 7 Olan 7 Hagh 7 Of Ag 7 of CCF oot CCF 3 1 Creating a CCF The creation of a new CCF is possible in different ways 1 click Add button on table data 2 Use the contextual menu on logical entities CCF Add new CCF Cire Cole A Coller et renum roter chi Wf Supprimer Supprimer i Aligner ot Aligner et repartir Deplacer dans une page PS a ee ee RE ae ioaea Daaa a
40. ement The use of shortcuts allowed us to obtain two Fault Tree which have no graphical link between them They communicate only by shortcuts This can be used for example to place each subpart on a different page 1 Create a new page by clicking the corresponding icon in the icon bar or use menu Tools New Page A page number 2 is thus created User Manual 20 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 2 Return to page 1 by selecting the page using the page selector in the ideographic command bar or use menu Tools Page manager Select the part to be moved Open menu Tools Change page 5 Select page 2 and click OK The part selected is transferred to page 2 but it continues to communicate with page 1 via the shortcuts FR Note For large models the division method described above is very useful Another possibility for entering large Fault Tree is to use the Group concept This is made possible by the shortcuts and the fact that the data is global for a document This allows quite separate subparts to be created 1 Select a subpart 2 Use menu Group Group A dialogue box then opens asking for the name to be given to the group being created 3 Enter the desired name and click OK e g System 1 The group is created the subnet is replaced by a rectangle assigned with the chosen name You can also create an empty group with Group New Group menu or group tool in the left toolbar Change name Ungroup
41. ential constant and periodic test User Manual 31 70 Version 31 March 2014 4 Laws and uncertainties 4 1 Description of the laws A total of twenty three laws are available in the Fault Tree module Each of these laws has one or more corresponding parameters Here is a list of the different types possible e Probability value between O and 1 inclusive e Rate value greater than or equal to corresponding to a failure rate e Duration value greater than or equal to O corresponding to a duration or to a time e Factor value strictly greater than 0 e NatInt integer value greater than or equal to 0 e Boolean can take a value of 0 or 1 corresponding to an option parameter e Other any value In the remainder of this chapter the parameter types will be specified for each law 4 1 1 ALD On demand law for Albizia constant law This law has two parameters the probability q and the inconditional failure rate w of the event Whatever the time the probability of the component failing is constant Parameter e q Probability e w Inconditional failure rate The law is defined as follows O t q This law generally corresponds to the case where the only failure considered for the components 1s that of a refusal to change state e g Fails to start stop etc 4 1 2 EXP Exponential law This law only has a one parameter the component s failure rate Supposed to be constant over time It describes the time
42. enu File Save in RTF file File Edit Tools Document Fault Tree Data and Comput E New Ctri N E New from template Open Girl O Save Ctrl S Save as Save as template document Anonymize ba Send by e mail Export Close Ctrl F4 L Page layout B Print Save in RTF file Statistics of document Document properties CUsers bdecournuaud GRIF 2013 Tree Tree jtr Note There is another way to insert model in a report Select the part of the model copy it and paste it in Microsoft WORD or other software 10 3 Input data When the input data for the computation engine is generated it can be saved This type of file has the don extension These files can therefore be modified using a text editor then reloaded to launch computations on them for example This action should be made only by advanced user 10 4 Results Computation results can be saved in different formats User Manual 65 70 Version 31 March 2014 1 Export of a table in particular in csv format TW GRIF Fault Tree Module Ed Probability Importance Factors Products with components Results Average Integral 0 9995 a 7908 6 9271E3 EE CS 9998 7 7593E3 o 0 9998 7 7593E3 w o 9998 7 7593E3 Type PR Name And1 Time lo 8 6178E 4 5 9562E 3 1 7411E 2 3 5833E 2 6 0916E 2 9 1849E 2 0 1276 jeudi 20 septembre 2012 13 34 45 CES
43. eseereseeses 50 7 2 2 Readins the results New GUD 2 nets teresr tes encens 51 7 3 Tables and Panels to display results cc ccc ccc ce eee cece eee nee eee nee e eee ene een EEE EE EE EE EEE EE EEE EE EES 52 RS e E a E E A E E E E A E E 32 MDD EO e E E E E EEE E EE EE EE E E 52 Da e RESU PANELS Se a EEE EEEE 33 TA BCh compa OM poeren nE EE E EEE EEE EEE 54 DS RSS ARR ed E 35 OS 56 SL PC CN ES NO out bane E T E tact A E E A EIE I A 56 5 2 Selection of results WINdOW en ee ete Dents ces en noes dan bede benein che EEES EE 58 8 2 1 Curves trom data 1m TUE DARK es ETAN N 58 8 2 2 Comparative curves from data in results bank cccc cece cece eee ec eee ee ee eeeeeeeeeneeaeeseneeaenneas 59 2 MP ALANASCS cccctasascesrehsuerad les E E 60 L O CON 10 as SV Re 60 les Fonn of tbe ADS a ne em de ta aa tonne D de ed ad nt stead uiennaasenieds 60 COCO a ed eae 60 9 2 Connection via a JDBC link example with ODBC connector cece cee cc eee ce eee nene en eeeeeeeaeneeas 61 I AO OP AD E T EE N A E E 61 a A OMMC COM de de ne den den de D ee Ode A 61 OO OO 62 SE Scemases eaceeaseacesenercecenes R E 64 TO To IVEOUC Re quae E TET A ET T E T TE E E ET TEE ET TTE 64 ORE E e E O E E are 65 Wo MMU OAC e E E ad de Ga is de 65 OR 65 OS CS D 0 te 0 67 1i Ophions oF GRIF Baal Frog en ne een ete sac co ne cie ee on 68 DE Xe CUlAD ES a E T 68 DE E E 68 H Gama a R E E E E 68 BE REE e E E O E E N A E ON E O E T O
44. h opens is called General Information Start Moca computation Default compute times O Times or list of times separator iterate From E To 45 Step hooo Computation made at t after triggering transition Times in Year s D General Variables Output options Advanced options Number of histories 100 15t random Number 1 2345681E7 Maximum calculation time sec 1000000 0 Automatic history duration History duration Multi processors computing _ Activate uncertainty propagation Number of tries Total number of histories Performance 94 histories minute CPU Approximative computation duration 8 Second s This configuration window is divided into five parts 1 Title allows you to give a title to the results file 2 Default computation times for statistic states e Iterate From A to B step C the computations will be performed for values of t ranging from A to B with a step of C e List of times the computations will be performed for the values of t given in this list e Computation made at by default computations are made immediatly after trantion triggering but you can do computation at t Epsilon ust before triggering or at both e Unit default times unit is hour You can choose a unit that will be used for computation times N b results are always in hours 3 General e Number of histories Number of histories NH to be simulated each history has a time t indicated
45. her buttons are available to simplify the selection process Unselect all deselects all the table s parameters and Select all selects all the table s parameters Remark you can also directly copy parameter from database using menu Data and Computation Database Copy parameters from database A window is displayed you can select parameters you want to copy into document Parameter will be automatically linked to the right paremeter in database User Manual 63 70 Version 31 March 2014 10 Save Here is a summary of all the data which can be saved from a same model 10 1 Model It is obviously possible to save and reload the models which are made To do this go into menu File Save or into File Save as File Edit Tools Document Fault Tree Data and Comput Ctri H Cirl O Anonymize Send by e mail Export Close Ctri F4 E Page layout amp Print Save in RTF file Statistics of document Document properties CU sers bdecournuaud GRiF 2013 Tree Treejir Cirl 2 The Save as template document menu enables the user to save the document as a template in the Module template folder New files can then be created using this model and the action New from template User Manual 64 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 10 2 RTF File A model can also be saved in RTF format This allows the saved model to be reloaded in WORD to insert the graphical part of the model in any document To do this go into m
46. ing the shortcut Alt Enter 2 2 1 Configuring the gates When you click right on a gate you can modify any parameter except the name Properties x e change the number e specify the value of K if the gate is a K out of N type e read and or modify the comment part e modify the type of gate to one of the five types available in the drop down list OR gate an OR type logic gate is applied to the elements connected downstream AND gate an AND type logic is applied to the elements connected downstream K of N a K of N type logic is applied to the elements connected upstream Comment gate this gate has no effect from the logic viewpoint and is only used to comment on the branch where it is located NOT gate cf above User Manual 16 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 2 2 Configuring the events When you click right on a gate you can modify any parameter except the name Properties x e to change the number e to enter the event name e to read and or modify the comment part e to read and or modify the law governing the event e to modify the type to one of the four available types in the drop down list e Elementary event e Basic event e To be developed event e Home event The names of these events simply have a graphical impact on the tree structure There is no impact on the logic function which will be generated to perform the computations The aim is simply to si
47. int the whole document User Manual 42 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 Computations The following two computation engines can be used in the Fault Tree module e Albizia e MOCA These two computation options are accessible in the Data and Computations menu on the task bar 7 1 Albizia computations The computations by Albizia are performed in two main steps e general configuration of compuation e reading the results in the bank of results 7 1 1 Configuring the computations The computation configuration window can be accessed in two different ways either via Data and Computations Computation settings menu or via Data and Computations Launch Computation menu The difference between both is that in the second case the configuration step is directly followed by the computation launch step The configuration window which opens is called Lauching Albizia computation The configuration window is divided into 3 tabs 1 for each type ofcomputation User Manual 43 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 1 1 1 Configuration of probabilities computation Running Albizia computation Probabilities Frequencies Target All the nodes Computation times C Automatic list of points between 0 and O Iterate From To Step List oftimes 8760 _ Display discontinuity points Times in Hour s _ Compute mean value and integral through 0 t _ Activate propagation of uncertainty histones Computation types Unavailabitity
48. interval before the first failure for a non repairable component Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate The law is defined as follows e O t l e This law is widely used since it is almost the only one to make it possible to obtain analytical results In addition it describes the lifetime of a non repairable component very well at least when there are a large number of components when the component is no longer young 4 1 3 IND Unavailability law for Albizia GLM This law describes the behaviour of a component repairable or not with or without failure to start using exponential expressions It generalises the exponential law with the Lambda parameter failure rate User Manual 32 70 Version 31 March 2014 Parameters e Gamma Probability probability of initial start failure at t 0 e Lambda Rate failure rate e Mu Rate repair rate The law is defined as follows O A LL _ A ut __ __ 7 Q G 5 A Ll A Ml The Gamma and Mu parameters are optional Depending on the case they can be zero e Ifthe component is not repairable set Mu to zero e If the component cannot fail to start set Gamma to zero NB The failure to start is only taken into account at t 0 4 1 4 WBL Weibull This law has three parameters alpha beta and t0 It describes the behaviour of a component which is not repairable and which does not fail to start Its specific feature is tha
49. ion between each line filter criterion A line is a Boolean expression divided into 3 parts 1 the first is the column on which the filter is used 2 the second is the comparator 3 the third is the value to which the data will be compared If the Boolean expression is true the data will be kept displayed otherwise the data will be masked When the filter is enabled its value is displayed between lt and gt The data in a column can be sorted by double clicking the header of this column The first double click will sort the data in ascending order small triangle pointing upwards The second double click on the same header will sort the column in descending order small triangle pointing downwards A table can contain many columns some columns may be unnecessary in certain cases The linked to database column is unnecessary when no database is available It is thus possible to choose the columns to be displayed and their order To do this click right on a table header or click the Columns Manager button the following window opens Column manager Select columns that have to be displayed and their order Last database _ Desactivate data sorting fastest ee ee You can choose the columns to be displayed by selecting or deselecting the corresponding check boxes The arrows on the right are used to move the columns up or down in the list to choose the order of the columns The Disable data sorting check box
50. ked to a shortcut has been renumbered And2 gt And4 and so its shortcut has also been modified You can navigate between an element s different shortcuts using menu Tools Navigate to shortcuts A window opens and displays the list of shortcuts Clicking on a shortcut automatically positions the view on this shortcut You can return to the original element by clicking on its name at the top of the window 2 5 3 Ordinary Copy Paste In addition to the Copy Paste and Renumber command there is an ordinary Copy Paste function It is used to make a single copy without renumbering We thus obtain double elements which from a formal viewpoint is incorrect but which must be temporarily tolerated to simplify data entry Where possible the Copy Paste and Renumber function must be used in preference to the simple Copy Paste function to minimise the risk of errors But when it is used you must take the necessary precautions to re establish the correct numbering to eliminate the duplicates 2 5 4 Overall change When creating the Fault Tree it may be necessary to change a large part of the elements in the models changing the names numbers etc The Replace all function in the Edit menu allows you to perform overall changes e Use the Edit Overall changes function e Choose the type of elements to be modified among available tabs e The Find Replace part changes a character string present in one or more variable labels plac
51. le je Die ste vos at lat X axis unit C Log Yaxis unit O Lo Er Display options Display title Display generic values Intervals The window is divided into several sections 1 Charts title enters a title for the graph User Manual 56 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 2 Data list this part includes a table with several columns in which the different curves on the graph are listed name description display curve colour curve style curve thickness display average A number of different buttons are available above this table bt Selects a result of computations to display It sends the user back to the Select results window to add a curve plot to the graph see Section 8 2 1 Curves from data in result bank F l Compares several results from different calculations for the same data It sends the user to the Compare results window to add a curve plot to the graph see Section 8 2 2 Comparative curves from data in results bank e Edit edits the plot of the selected curve Delete deletes the plot of the curve selected on the graph Up t moves up the plot of the curve selected in the list Down moves down the plot of the curve selected in the list e Save saves the list of points calculated to plot the selected curves in csv format This export does not contain the generic values To obtain an export with the generic values right click on the curve and
52. le size Specifies charts title font size e Generic values size Specifies generic values font size e Point size Specifies point size on curves e Coordinates size Specifies coordinates font size e Legend size Specifies legends font size User Manual 70 70 Version 31 March 2014
53. lecting User Manual 4 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL Document properties The Document statistics provide information on the model s complexity It is also possible to access a certain number configurable of recently modified files The icon bar just under the menus proposes shortcuts for most of the File commands 3 New Open Save Save as Close Ctrl F4 E Page layout Print Save in RIF file 2 The Edit menu contains all the commands needed to edit the model being input graphically The icon bar just under the menus proposes shortcuts for most of the Edit commands Ctrl Z Undo Redo Ctri hlaj Z Copy Ctrl C a Cut Ctrl 2 Paste Ctrl Paste and renumber Ctrl R Remove Supprimer Overall change Selection change Select all Ctrl Properties Alt Entr e 3 The Tools menu contains all the commands needed to manage the current model page management alignments options etc The icon bar just under the menus proposes shortcuts for most of the Tools commands Page manager Move to page Bring forward LE Tra Nari View toolsBar Display state bar li Align bottom Document options Application options Connect to a CSY file User Manual 5 70 Version 31 March 2014 4 The Document menu gives access to all the documents being created or modified Document Next Ctrl F6 Previous Ctrl hil aj Fei F C BusinessJaGrif 4 08 0
54. lure 4 RevealedSafeFailure_2 3 mercredi 26 janvier 2011 16 31 35 CET mM 9 99QR aeaa 7760173 O Type PR Name Sensor 1 a e Jo Pat esez 3340662 bam b e 0716 2 jeeiez 4 aaen ONE jus Bros foo prst prst rat ama esse 5744 b pare pare a est OZ pos er 0 pzs pzas i2 oc otas2 jrramet o Los jose C442 03044 0 1685 24268E1 O 03044 0 3044 16862 0 3407 0 1905 3 2002E1 fo 03401 03401 O T 0 05 z2 paos pasi koser p pws baog a eae 0 2498 a a a i A m AARNO Importance factors tab displays importance factors for each events and for each system Products shows results of cuts products computations In synthesis a cut with a 0 order means that the top event is always true It may happen if some parts are forced to 1 XML tab contains Albizia output 7 2 MOCA computations The computations using MOCA RP V12 are performed in three main steps e general configuration of parameters e the launch itself User Manual 49 70 Version 31 March 2014 e reading the results file 7 2 1 Configuring the computations The computation configuration window can be accessed in two different ways either via menu Data and Computations Moca Data or via Data and Computations Launch Moca 12 The difference between the two is that in the second case the configuration step is directly followed by the computation launch step The configuration window whic
55. ment size Changes comment font size e Group size Changes group font size e Activate cross hair Activate cross hair which enables object alignment e Activate smoothing for texts Activate anti aliasing smoothing for texts it can slow the display e Activate smoothing for images Activate anti aliasing smoothing for images it can slow the display e Activate tooltips Activate tooltip system e Use gate symbol for automatic layout Use only symbol of gates to center during auto layout and not the total gate the area dashed if selected 11 6 Digital format Digital format tab enables to customize digits display e Display of parameters Specifies the display of parameters number of digits 11 7 Events Events tab enables to change gates reports display e Label size Specifies label font size e Display name Enables to display name or not e Display description Enables to display description or not e Display law Enables to display law or not e Display CCF Enables to display or not commons causes failures e Display target value Display the target value for each gate e Additional information Enables to display additional information results of computation e Use a default law Enables to use a specific law as default law e Default law Enables to define the default law to be used e Remark height Height in pixels of the remark frame at the top of events Default value is 40 e
56. mplify re reading the fault tree The law part is configured in several steps 1 Choose the law from the twenty three available in the drop down list User Manual 17 70 Version 31 March 2014 TOTAL 2 Configure the law a drop down list of the module s parameters is available for each field to be filled in 3 Uncertainty computations can be introduced for each of the parameters with a choice of the law and of the corresponding parameters cf later on in this document a detailed description of the uncertainty computations on the parameters 1 Law choice 2 3 Using shortcuts 2 3 1 Identical Transfer Gates or Shortcuts on gates The concept of a shortcut or repeated element was introduced in the Fault Tree module for four main reasons e To link together portions of the model e To avoid graphicaly complex model and keep readability e To simplify the use of the Group function cf below e To highlight what is essential and what is not User Manual 18 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL Let a fault tree contain three base events one OR gate critical event and one AND gate The aim here is to create a shortcut to the gate identical trasfert gate called And2 to be able to dissociate the And2 subtree from the main tree Proceed as follows 1 Delete the existing link between gate Orl and gate And2 2 Click left on the Transfert Gate of tool bar then click on And2 Gate SENSO
57. ms can be modified either by using the toolbar menu Or by selecting the display and using Control mouse wheel scroll up to zoom or Control mouse wheel scroll down to zoom out The padlock on the toolbar is used to apply the zoom to the current page or to all pages in the document The zoom applies to all pages in the document of The zoom is applied only to the current page Note that if an element is selected on the page the zoom will centre the page on that element 2 5 11 Cross hair To be able to create an ordered and legible model quickly the cross hair can be used to align the different elements with each other but less accurately than the Align function in the Tools menu The cross hair is enabled or disabled in the Graphics tab of the Option menu The following picture show how to quickly align two element of the model In order to align horizontally select Align au middle which align keeping constant abscissa 2 5 12 Gluing Associating graphics When objects are where you want you can glue a set of object by right clicking and selecting Glue This command create a group a graphical one not a hierarchical one with selected objects so that moving one moves the others 2 5 13 Line To be able to draw a line polyline or arrow the Line can be used Draw the line and edit properties of line to make an arrow User Manual 28 70 Version 31 March 2014 Font setup Lines setup _ Arrow b
58. n in a tree proceed as follows e change the type of an existing gate by using the drop down list e OR create a new a new gate with the type Negation 1 Click left on the corresponding icon on the vertical toolbar 2 A new element will then be created whenever you click left on the graphical entry area 3 You then just have to configure and connect the Negation like a conventional gate link the top part above the circle to the bottom part of a gate and link the bottom part below the circle to the top part of an event or gate 2 1 6 Entering Comments To add a comment anywhere on the chart click the pencil icon and place yourself on a point in the graphical input zone The Comment dialogue box opens where you can enter the desired comment Note Character is a reserved character it must be type twice in order to display 1 z Comment x Mew system Rene E New system E User Manual 14 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 2 1 7 Dynamic fields It may be useful to observe the change in the different parameters of the model It is also usefull to see a result next to its corresponding system To do this use dynamic fields by selecting the corresponding icon on the vertical tool bar The dynamic fields are a type of Improved comments They can be used not only to enter words or phrases but also to insert model values or results T Commentaire pdata parameter name Lambda value
59. n of the TPC Full Periodic Test law 4 1 6 TPE Extended Periodic Test law This law allows a component which fails to be represented according to an exponential distribution law and whose failure is found during a periodic test The repair phase is then modelled by an exponential of the Mu parameter Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate e Mu Rate repair rate when the failure has been found during a test e Tau Duration test period time interval between two consecutive tests e TO Time date of first test Here is a small graph representing the different phases of the component s life TEST TEST TEST t 0 To t T Tau Tau 10 Tau t 2Tau T operation operation operation law exp A repair repair law exp H NB This law is a simplified version of the TPC Full Periodic Test law 4 1 7 TPC Full Periodic Test law This law allows a periodically tested component to be represented as completely as possible There are many parameters in play Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate during operation or on standby e Lambda Rate failure rate during the test e Mu Rate repair rate once the test has shown up the failure e Tau Duration test period time interval between two consecutive tests e Teta Time date of first test ignore parameter value Tau e Gamma Probability probability of failure due to starting the test ignore parameter value 0 starting
60. of the EXCEL sheet containing the data 9 3 Operation The aim is now to link some of the model s parameters to the database To do this start by displaying the column Linked to in the parameters table click right on the top of the columns W columns manager Ea Select columns that have to be displayed and their order Then double click in the Linked to column to display the database items When one of these items has been selected click OK to validate the connection The parameter then takes the value of the item to which it is now connected W Database x in datab New value Description Dimension 0 0010 ple de L Rate Prob 20M 1001 ple de G Probability 4 ProdMax 1000 0 Exemple de P Remove link to database Note The button called Remove link to database at the bottom of the table breaks the link between the parameter and the database item User Manual 62 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL If some of the database values to which GRIF is linked are modified the parameters connected to this database can be updated To do this select Data and computations Update from database and display the Database window Unselect all Update selection ProdMax 10000 Prodhax it 4 Prod 10000 The parameters whose values are not up to date are automatically detected and indicated in bold One or more of these parameters can then be selected for updating using the Update selection button Two ot
61. ol on the vertical toolbar A new element is then created whenever you click left on the graphical entry area Each of the model s events has five parameters L A number These numbers are with the type the events true identifiers those used by the computation engine That is why when you wish to modify the numbers of certain events you must remember that two events cannot have an identical number They are automatically incremented as new elements are created name The default name assigned to the events is Evti for the i the element created You are recommended to replace this name by something more mnemonic to increase the model s legibility A comment This field adds text inside the event This function increases the model s legibility by giving the specific features of these elements User Manual 12 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 4 A law This element is used to model the event s random aspect You can choose from many laws which must then be configured cf detailed description of the laws later on in this document 5 A type When an event has been created its type can be modified from the four types available in the drop down list oS DRE Number Name Eut1 exponential 1E 3 a Law Comment ewt 2 Eut2 exponential 1E 3 Evt3 exponential 1E 3 Comment ewt 4 Eut4 exponential 1E 3 2 1 3 Initiator event for frequency computation UFI For each gate or event you can set i
62. on of a constant law Parameters e Mu Rate repair rate e d Duration recovery time The law is defined as follows O t a He 4 1 9 GLM GLM Asymptotic law for Albizia asymptotic exponential law This law is a variation of the IND Unavailability law It corresponds to the probability of a IND Unavailability law computed at t infinity NB This law does not depend on the time it is a short version of a constant law Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate e Mu Rate repair rate The law is defined as follows A v O t A Ul 4 1 10 DOR Dormant This law has three parameters a failure rate a mean repair time and a delay In addition it does not depend on the time Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate User Manual 35 70 Version 31 March 2014 e MTTR Duration average repair time e d Duration delay The law is defined as follows Ad Ad l e XHAMITR I e O d Ad 2MITR I e 4 1 11 CMT Constant mission time This law is a simplified case of the IND Unavailability law It corresponds to an exponential law with a fixed time given as parameter Notel This law does not depend on the time it is a short version of a constant law Note2 The parameter Q is optional Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate e T Duration mission time e Q Probability optional law The law is defined as follows Ot Q tl
63. onths or years The button determines whether or not the unit is displayed on the graph e The log boxes are used to activate the logarithmic scale on the axis in question N B 0 cannot be represented on a log scale remember to enter a start value that is strictly positive e g E 10 If O is entered the log scale will begin at an arbitrary value E 15 Where the computation engine allows the trust interval can be displayed by ticking the corresponding box e Areas distinguishes a range of values on a coloured background e In the histogram style a box can be ticked to create a cumulative histogram 5 Display options activates the Display title function display graph title and the Display generic values function display min max and average for each curve When a curve is edited the edit curve window often includes 3 parts the times at which the computations are performed what has been calculated and the extra information generic values that should or should not be displayed below the curve Comment it is sometimes necessary to refresh all the graphs in a document This can be done using the Tools Refresh command or the keyboard shortcut F5 or the K icon User Manual 57 70 Version 31 March 2014 8 2 Selection of results window 8 2 1 Curves from data in result bank When you click the Add button in the Data list part you reach a window for curves setup Each curve displays data stored in the result bank The foll
64. owing window helps users to specify how to retrieve data T GRIF Fault Tree Module Legend Cuve0 Computation selection Computations default Albizia default Moca B lambda Result to be displayed E Gates and Events J Probability Q Andi Value to be displayed Minimum Maximum Average cance e Legend legend of the curve e Computation selection select the computation in the result bank e Result to be displayed each computation contains many results Select the one you want to be drawn e Vous avez la possibilit d afficher la liste des points en sp cifiant les donn es voulues sur chacun des axes ou vous avez la possibilit d afficher les temps pass s dans les zones e Axes When a result is selected select what must be in X Axe and what must be in Y Axe e Value to be displayed Then you can display addition informations about the result min max moyenne User Manual 58 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL 8 2 2 Comparative curves from data in results bank When the user clicks on Compare in the Data list section a window opens enabling the user to specify the curve to be plotted S he can then choose whether or not to display a result from several different computations The following window is used to indicate the way in which the information is to be recovered Legend curve legend fal GRIF Fault Tree Module Legend Curved lambda 3 0E 4 lamb
65. repairable periodically tested with probability of failure on demand etc Using this tree we can now run various computations on the different gates or events unavailability computations unreliability computations etc User Manual 40 70 Version 31 March 2014 6 Printing For printing you have several commands at your disposal in the File menu File e The Page setup function function allows you to choose the page orientation the size of the margins etc Mise en page RAE Papier Tale eee Source S lection automatique Orientation Marges millim tres Portrait Gauche 25 4 Droite 25 4 Paysage Haut 25 4 Bas 25 4 Annuler Imprimante e The Print function allows you to export pdf document pages Graphics are exports in a vectorial format in order to scale its whithout deterioration BA GRIF Fault Tree Module Print whole document Print current page Print select m CJ icons bool o _ 8 FaultTree 1 m E EventTree 1 amp Partially Selected page gt EJ graphiques o J matrices Kel SafetyLoop 1 tay BlocDiagram 1 I EventTree 2 Print partially selected pages Printing properties Print border w v Print filename x Print page number Print date The print window appears and user c
66. safety state if an initator event is detected The top event is an initator event which 1s not detected by the barrier The frequency of this top event is the result of two cases e The barrier is already out of order with some probability and the initiator event happens with some frequency e the initiator event is already here with some probability and the barriers fails with some frequency The second case doesn t matter because the system is set in a safe mode That why this case can be removed from UFI computation It is what is done if user check Take failure order into account not initiator then initiator option This options works the both algorithms Moreover this options allows you to use UFI computation with BDD if initiato part is coherent 7 1 1 5 Configuration of Lambda computation method for CCF When using common cause failure the software must compute a lambdaCCF that will be used for CCF It is the one that will be multiplied by Beta Assuming each component impacted bay a CCE has a different lambda there are many methods to compute the lambdaCCF from the list of lambdas Five methods are available e Minimum This method uses the minimum value of lambdas Not recommanded e Maximum Uses the maximum value of lambdas to be concervativ This method was used in GRIF 2013 and previous version It can be penalizing when lambda of components are very different e Average This method uses the artimetic mean of lambdas
67. select Individual export e Duplicate creates a new curve identical to the curve selected Freeze me freezes the display of the curve which will no longer be updated automatically according computation results For each curve the user can specify the colour point style line thickness and display 3 Computation options enables the user to enter settings for the computation optional depending on the module 4 Style this section concerns the curve display e Type of style specifies the type of all the curves on the graph line histogram etc N B In the case of a histogram the bars that exceed the display area will be displayed in shading to show the user that s he must change the display intervals so that the entire bar can be displayed e Intervals defines the display limits for the curve Automatic without peak the graph will not display the peaks of specific cases of exceptional values which would make the graph illegible Even if the peaks are not displayed on the graph the user can display their values using the choices proposed in the option Display peak values e X and Y intervals specification of the display interval on the X and Y axes default intervals or intervals defined by the user The last function enables users to zoom in on the most interesting parts of the graph e The axis unit can be selected according to the type of computation result For example for units of time the user can enter hours days m
68. splayed in a window 1E2 GE BE1 ME GE Value 5E1 4E1 3E1 2E1 1E1 E 1E4 2E4 3E4 4E4 5E4 6E4 FE4 8E4 HE4 1E5 Time Type T53 Name prod Save curve into document Chart can be saved in the current document with the button at the bottom Nb when chart is in document points are no more modifiable 7 3 3 Result Panels Result panels have been created to facilitate data access in tables with many columns The aim is to make a prior filter to keep wanted data PR Type PR Name PT indiv Time Value Average Integral 0 0 0 0 9 ee M zona Baap ee ee AE U k This panel is made of a combo box in the upper left corner which enables to remove the column from the table and creates a list on the left which contains every values in the removed column When you select a value in the left list it modifies the table in order to show lines whose removed column contains the selected value User Manual 53 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL The combo box in the upper right corner enables to choose which column C will be used to cut table The table will be cut in many tables each one in a tab whose title is equal to the value used to filter the C column Then C column is removed since it contains only the one value in a given tab 7 4 Batch computation In order to do fast sensibility analysis or to compare some results with different
69. t initiator with a right clik This attribut must be seen from an Event Tree point of view In an event tree an initiator is an event that must happen befo barriers set the system in a safe mode In order to have a Top event iniator event must happen after barriers failure Setting initiator attribut on and event means that it must appear after the non initiator events This setting has an impact on UFI computation only There is no impact on Probability of Equivalent lambda 2 1 4 Entering links When the gates and events have been created they must be interconnected to establish the tree s logic There are two possible types of connections gate gt gate and gate gt event connections To make a connection proceed as follows 1 Click the corresponding icon on the vertical toolbar 2 Select the start gate by a click left on the specific zone a dot for AND gates a cross for OR gates etc and keep the button pressed 3 Move the mouse to the element to be connected User Manual 13 70 Version 31 March 2014 4 Release the mouse button Eut1 exponential 1E 3 NB The above icon only allows a single link to be created at a time If you wish to create several links in succession without having to reselect the link creation icon each time use the icon shown below Links several 2 1 5 NOT gate It is a very specific gate which inverts the logic of the subtree which is downstream of it To insert a Negatio
70. t it takes account of the component s young and old periods Parameters e Alpha Factor scale parameter e Beta Factor form parameter e TO Time location parameter The law is defined as follows p t t O f 1 exp a The significance of this law is that new distributions can be tested by varying the beta factor e If Beta is less than 1 the failure rate decreases and the law then allows the period when the component is young to be taken into account e If Beta is greater than 1 the failure rate increases and the law then allows the component s ageing period to be taken into account e If Beta is equal to 1 the Weibull law is equivalent to the exponential law 4 1 5 TPS Simple Periodic Test law This law allows a component which fails to be represented according to an exponential distribution law and whose failure is found during a periodic test The repair is then carried out instantaneously Parameters e Lambda Rate failure rate e Tau Duration test period time interval between two consecutive tests e TO Time date of first test The law is defined as follows t 0 t t mod r i E otherwise User Manual 33 70 Version 31 March 2014 Here is a small graph representing the different phases of the component s life TEST TEST TEST t 0 TO t T0 Ta t Tau T t 2Tau T0 operation operation operation law exp A NB This law is a simplified versio
71. ta This file can be used for further post threatments Standard output display the standard output of Moca available only afer computing Info tab contains usefull information about computation simulation time number of histories that have been done User Manual 51 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 3 Tables and Panels to display results 7 3 1 Result tables Result tables are made of data and a top part to set table up El Ed R w Type T53 Name failures Time C190 Standard Dev CI lower bound CI upper bound 0 0 0 0 0 TEME 0 861 3 4306E 2 0 9355 0 8267 0 8953 6760 0 861 3 4306E 2 0 9355 0 8267 0 8953 tests 4 7696E 2 1 2976 1 6739 1 7691 B 1 3 3 36040 14365 815E 2 8584 3 3674 9 1268E 2 2 4885 9 1258E 2 2 4885 9 8163E 2 Columns can be sort by clicking on their header The filter icon activates a filter set up with the following window Creation of data filter Associate tests with AND OR Add a criteria When filter is activated a small is diplayed near column title Filter can be remove with button 7 3 2 Export data Values that are visible in this table can be exported in CSV file format with B button Results can also be displayed with a Curve by clicking on Data used for x axe and y axe must be specified in the following window Set curve up Style x me F rase vae User Manual 52 70 Version 31 March 2014 Then chart is di
72. the test does not cause a failure e Pi Duration duration of test ignore parameter value 0 instantaneous test e X Boolean indicator of component availability during the test 0 component unavailable during the test 1 component available ignore parameter value 1 available during the test e Sigma Probability test cover rate probability that the component failure is detected during the test ignore parameter value the test covers all the possible failures e Omega 1 Probability probability of forgetting to reconfigure after the test ignore parameter value 0 no reconfiguration problem e Omega 2 Probability probability of forgetting to reconfigure after the repairing ignore parameter value 0 no reconfiguration problem User Manual 34 70 Version 31 March 2014 2 TOTAL NB the ignore parameter value is the value to type if you want parameter to do not affect component availability Here is a small graph representing the different phases of the component s life TEST TEST t T0 t T0 tT t Tau T0 t Tau 710 77 operation operation operation law exp A repair repair law exp H 4 1 8 NRD No Recovery Before Delay law This law takes two parameters a repair rate Mu and a delay Delay For non repairable components it gives the probability of not succeeding to recover the component before a delay Delay NB This law does not depend on the time it is a short versi
73. the number of cuts for each order no maximum order limitation e List of cuts list of minimal cuts of the system The maximum order can be set thanks to the Limit order of displayed cuts option e Limit order of displayed cuts specifies the maximum order of the displayed cuts Cuts with order greater than the maximum order are not displayed e Compute probability of products at t specifies which time will be used to compute probabilities of cut sets User Manual 46 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 1 1 3 Configuration of importance factor calculations Running Albizia computation i Probabilities Frequencies Minimal cut sets Importance factors Target antnenodes 7 Computation times O Automatic list of points between 0 and O Iterate From To Step List of times e760 _ Display discontinuity points Times in Hour s a _ Activate propagation of uncertainty Number of histories Dispersion interval at oo Quantiles chosen fonthetet bound quantile 0 bound quantile 90 Computation types Birnbaum MIF Risk Achievement Worth RAW Critical CIF _ Risk Reduction Worth RRW Fussel Vesely DIF e Target times uncertinties cf probabilities calculation e Computation type specifies the importance factors to compute e Birnbaum MIF e Critical CIF e Fussel Vesely DIF e Risk Achievement Worth RAW e Risk Reduction Worth RRW The manual configuration of MIF computation allows you to
74. too many windows open all the tables are grouped together in tabs on the right hand side of the application This area can be hidden displayed using the small arrows above the input zone lel ES 4 0E 4 Mu 0 0114 Other Localization 31 201 2 TOTAL It is possible to choose the tables in this zone by right clicking on the tabs A contextual menu appears in which the user can select the tables s he wishes to display EA Variables BE Parameters HEJ Variables 8 E Y Parameters Domain Name a E F Tables Float Lambda w Results 1 4 3 Data creation The Parameter editor is used to create real parameters The following window is only used to choose the name of the new parameter Its value must be entered later directly in the parameter table User Manual 10 70 Version 31 March 2014 Yariable Parameter creation Type Name Lambda Domain Value 1 5 Tree view Ei MySystem 9 E Page 1 Ed Grpt EJ Sub Grpi c Grp c Page 2 cI Page 3 To help users to walk through the document pages groups ans sub groups a tree is available on the left of the application By default every element is displayed you can use Filter button in order to select elements you want to display or not You can expand or collapse a node in a recursive way with a right click on the node As explained for t
75. tree For systems made with unrepairable components the result is excat because it is equal to Availability e Calcul de temps pass dans les zones Pour les valeurs ci dessus cette options permet de savoir quel pourcentage du temps elles sont rest es dans tel ou tel interval Ces intervalles sont configurables en cliquant sur le bouton configuration Ils sont par d faut configur s pour les calcul SIL GRIF Fault Tree Module Probabilities fone Names of zones Probability Q Zone for PFD UFI W Zone for PFH a CFI Equivalent A None v PS ee User Manual 45 70 Version 31 March 2014 7 1 1 2 Configuration of cut sets calculations Probabilities Frequencies Minimal cut sets Importance factors Target All the nodes m Options _ Number of cut sets Number of cut sets per order List of cut sets Limiting order of displayed cut sets sf we Compute probability of cut sets att 8760 Computations to be done Do a cut sets computation with failure modes Do a cut sets computation with components Do a cut sets computation with systems e Cible permet de d finir la cible des calculs Deux choix sont possibles Sommet pour le s sommet s de l arbre et Noeud s lectionn pour le noeud actuellement s lectionn dans l arbre e Number of cuts number of minimal cuts of the system no maximum order limitation e Number of cuts per order summary of
76. uce an uncertainty on each of the parameters There are three laws available to model them e NLOG Lognormal law e UNIF Uniform law e NORM Normal law NB Each of these laws is described in the previous subchapter Using this method it is thus possible to introduce the impact of the uncertainties on the data into the final result User Manual 37 70 Version 31 March 2014 5 Example of a Fault Tree Here is a fault tree modeling the behaviour of any safety system with two possible states work failed or available unavailable The aim is thus to construct a tree allowing us to evaluate the system s mean unavailability Ori Kot H3 O Cy Os At LS R exponential Lambda GLO 1E 4 lui 5w 51 551 penodic test Lambda Test GU Gamma Lambda hiu penodic test Lambda Lambdal hui 4 3863 4 38 E3 0 10 0 10 ST 52 552 penodic test Lambda Test 10 GLI Gamma Lambda hiu penodic test Lambda Lambdal hui 4 3863 100 10010 53 GU Gamma Lambdal hz The above tree has nine events e LS e Number 1 e Comment Logic e Law exponential law with Lambda Lambdal User Manual 38 70 Version 31 March 2014 SV1 e Number 2 e Comment Valve 1 e Law simple periodic test law with Lambda Lambda2 Tau Test and TO 0 SV2 e Number 3 e Comment Valve 2 e Law simple periodic test law with Lambda Lambda2 Tau Test and TO 10 S1 e Number 4 e Comment Sensor 1 e Law

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