Home

9116 Users Guide 5B2..

1. A Program EXT Number SET SET EXIT Le EXIT Select Set point SET DOWN sous SET i Vv Toggles C F SET le EXIT Adjust Set point SET Secondary Functions Set point lt y Ly SET EXT s e ExT H Units C F ae ser setpoint N y pe EXT H Display Power at polni ja EXIT Scan On cannot be changed SET EXIT I SET Y Program Y l EXIT Display Set point Voltage Time N EXIT Scan Rate T 7 D SET SET EXT e T y lt EXIT Set Proportional Band aa prog T E D EXIT SET SET EXIT I Y Configuration Menu Ad Soan T SET SET EXIT EXIT EXIT EXIT SETEXIT Operating uP gt Serial UP rogram Parameters DOWN interface 4 Bown Menu Menu lt SET EXIT SET o y BAUD s Rate a SET EXIT SET EXIT E o Adjust 2 BAUD Rate E SETEXT SET EXIT SEN Ed y Adjust CT1 e Cutout Period a SET EXIT SET EXIT k Pod SET E SET EXIT SET EXIT y Adjust CE1 Cut out Duplex Reset Mode Mode SET EXIT gt SET EXIT y Select CT2 Adj Cut out oes sev Ce ode SET EXIT SET EXIT y Adjust CT2 Linefeed Je E EXT Select CE2 Adjust SET Exit gt Linefeed SET EXIT Adjust CE2 AA Select CT3 SET Era Adjust CT3 Se
2. 50 Testing Unifommty s eos Eds ag ca 55 Tables Table 1 Table 2 Table 3 Table 4 Table 4 Table 4 International Electrical Symbols 1 Specifications lt 0 6 2 be RA Bee a A 9 Thermocouple Wiring 17 Digital Communications Commands 42 Digital Communications Commands continued 43 Digital Communications Commands continued 44 1 Before You Start Symbols Used 1 1 Before You Start Symbols Used Table 1 lists the International Electrical Symbols Some or all of these symbols may be used on the instrument or in this manual Table 1 International Electrical Symbols Symbol Description NU AC Alternating Current NS AC DC Battery M MA CE Complies with European Union Directives DC Double Insulated Electric Shock Fuse PE Ground Hot Surface Burn Hazard Read the User s Manual Important Information Off O gt Ol eH On 9116 Furnace User s Guide Symbol Description Canadian Standards Association us CAT I OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY II Pollution Degree 2 per IEC1010 1 re fers to the level of Impulse Withstand Voltage protection provided Equipment of OVERVOLTAGE CATEGORY II is energy consuming equipment to be supplied from the fixed installation Examples include household office and laboratory appliances The European Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipm
3. DO NOT use this unit for any application other than calibration work 1 Before You Start Safety Information DO NOT use this unit in environments other than those listed in the user s manual Continuous use of this equipment at high temperatures for extended peri ods of time requires caution Completely unattended high temperature operation is not recommended for safety reasons Components and heater lifetimes can be shortened by continuous high temperature operation This unit contains ceramic fiber or other refractories which can result in the following May be irritating to skin eyes and respiratory tract May be harmful if inhaled Service personnel coming into contact with these materials should take proper precautions when handling them Before maintaining this equipment read the applicable MSDS Mate rial Safety Data Sheets Operate the instrument in room temperatures between 5 50 C 41 122 F Allow sufficient air circulation by leaving at least 6 inches of space be tween the furnace and nearby objects Nothing should be placed over the top of the furnace The furnace should not be placed under cabinets or ta bles Extreme temperatures can be generated out the top of the well If the furnace is equipped with cooling coils use cold water circulation when the furnace is used above 600 C For specifics see Section 4 4 Plumb ing The furnace is a precise instrument Although it has been designe
4. Hart Scientific 9116 Furnace User s Guide Rev 5B2308 Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division 799 E Utah Valley Drive American Fork UT 84003 9775 USA Phone 1 801 763 1600 Telefax 1 801 763 1010 E mail support hartscientific com www hartscientific com Subject to change without notice e Copyright 2005 Printed in USA Rev 5B2308 Table of Contents 1 Before You Start 1 1 1 Symbols Used ee we ee ee ee ui 1 1 2 Safety Information 2 1 2 1 WARNINGS et caos iaci Bed He a ee An a as a a A 2 1 2 2 CAUTIONS cu dia de ao aD ananas dad Ananas doc os 4 1 3 Authorized Service Centers 5 2 Introduction 7 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions 9 3 1 DP CLCATIONS se 5 eee pa eee EE SAR Ee He aS eS 9 3 2 Environmental Conditions 9 3 3 Warranty sc 2 2b ea SHA ww bases dass des 10 A Installation ss sess 6s cic ea coo 41 11 4 1 Unpacking s x sde es gee doe eee fw Boe bee SO A 11 4 2 LOCO 4 4 6 64 thet aed 94 de ee SEE eme 11 4 3 POWT ocio du eee ede ee Soo wm Bee ears 11 4 4 Plumbing eo ass ee a sl sa Bo OR RG eae a ee e 12 4 5 Final Assembly osas sega eid eee Svan eee es 12 5 Parts and Controls 19 5 1 Control Panel 4 25 sa rea LUN IN ATEN ee we Aa 19 5 1 1 Primary Controller soei eus pp e don niet eus
5. and DOWN keys and then pressing SET 6 9 Operating Parameters The operating parameters menu is indicated by PAr i Operating parameters menu Press SET to enter the menu The operating parameters menu contains the HL High Limit parameter and the Soft cut out Parameter 6 9 1 High Limit The HL parameter adjusts the upper set point temperature The factory default and maximum are set to 1150 For safety a user can adjust the HL down so the maximum temperature set point is restricted 34 6 Controller Operation Operating Parameters 6 9 2 6 9 3 Adjust the HL parameter digit by digit using UP DOWN and SET as each digit flashes 11005 9 New HL setting Press SET to accept the new temperature limit Soft Cut out The Soft Cut out temperature parameter is used by the controller to shut the unit down during over temperature conditions ATT 11150 00 Current Soft Cut out setting STE Adjust this parameter by using UP DOWN and SET as each digit flashes 1102 0 New Soft Cut out setting Mi Press SET to accept the new temperature limit If the temperature of the unit is ever greater than the Soft Cut out tempera ture the controller shuts itself down and displays alternately SCE But and Err 8 Cut out Reset Mode The cut out reset mode determines whether the cut out resets automatically when the well temper
6. continue the program from where it was when it was stopped or stop the program nenes wiuarescessashsiencastaseesenersesears P C GnE mn Continue the program from where it was when it was stopped Press SET to activate the new program control command and return to the temperature display Activate new command 6 5 Secondary Menu Functions which are used less often are accessed within the secondary menu The secondary menu is accessed by pressing SET and EXIT simulta neously and then releasing The first function in the secondary menu is the heater power display See Figure 8 on page 26 6 6 Heater Power The temperature controller controls the temperature of the furnace by pulsing the heater on and off The total power being applied to the heater is determined by the duty cycle or the ratio of heater on time to the pulse cycle time By knowing the amount of heating the user can tell if the calibrator is heating up to the set point cooling down or controlling at a constant temperature Monitor ing the percent heater power lets the user know how stable the well temperature 1s With good control stability the percent heating power should not fluctuate more than 1 within one minute 32 6 Controller Operation Proportional Band 6 7 The heater power display is accessed in the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT simultaneously and release The heater power is displayed a
7. BAUD rate of the serial communications may be programmed to 300 600 1200 or 2400 BAUD The BAUD rate is pre programmed to 2400 BAUD Use UP or DOWN to change the BAUD rate value Press SET to set the BAUD rate to the new value or EXIT to abort the operation and skip to the next parameter in the menu 7 1 2 2 Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the menu and prompted with SAm PLE The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measurements transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 for instance then the instrument will transmit the current measurement over the serial interface approximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 Press SET to choose to set the sample pe riod Adjust the period with UP or DOWN and then use SET to set the sample rate to the displayed value 7 1 2 3 Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode indicated with dUPL The duplex mode may be set to half duplex HALF or full duplex FULL With full duplex any commands received by the thermometer via the serial interface will be immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half duplex the commands will be executed but not echoed The default setting is full duplex The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN and pressing SET 7 1 2 4 Linefee
8. C for use with a silver cell If the average gradient is larger than this adjust the top and bottom zone control ler set points allow the furnace to re stabilize lt 0 1 C for greater than 15 min utes and re measure the gradient Continue this procedure until the desired vertical gradient is achieved Caution The vertical gradient must be such that the top of the cell is hot ter than the bottom of the cell or damage to the cell may result 9 Calibration Procedure Calibration Points 9 9 1 9 2 Calibration Procedure A CAUTION If the vertical gradient needs to be adjusted complete that procedure first Changing the vertical gradient can affect the accuracy of the unit At times the user may want to calibrate the unit to improve the temperature set point accuracy Calibration is done by adjusting the controller probe offset adjustments CE1 CE2 and CE3 so that the temperature of the unit as mea sured with a standard thermocouple agrees more closely with the set point The thermometer used must be able to measure the well temperature with higher accuracy at least 4 1 than the desired accuracy of the unit Calibration Points In calibrating the unit CE1 CE2 and CE3 are adjusted to minimize the set point error at each of three different well temperatures Any three reason ably separated temperatures may be used for the calibration However the tem peratures selected should cover the entire user selected rang
9. be removed and replaced easily The top cover is clipped into place and comes off by applying upward pressure Differential Thermocouples The end zones are slaved to the center zone by means of differential thermocouples Each end zone has one type of thermocouple differentially con nected to a reference thermocouple in the center zone Control Thermocouples The control thermocouples are custom designed Type R thermocouples Cut out Thermocouple The cut out thermocouple is also a Type R thermocouple and is connected to the main controller However the cut out system is linked so that all three zones cut out if the cut out thermocouple senses a problem Back Panel The back panel consists of an exhaust fan a serial communications connector a power cord and cooling water ports See Figure 7 on page 23 1 The exhaust fan allows air circulation around the electrical components Be sure to keep this fan free of foreign objects that could hinder air flow 2 The serial communication connector is a DB 9 connector for interfacing the furnace to a computer or terminal with serial RS 232 communica tions See Section 7 starting on page 39 for details 3 The power cord is a non removable cord of AC voltage 230 VAC 10 4 The cooling water ports are provided for connecting to cooling water to reduce the heat load See Section 4 4 Plumbing for details 5 Parts and Controls Back Panel Fan Commu
10. or EXIT to skip to the next parameter 6 11 2 CT1 CT2 and CT3 This calibration parameters CT1 CT2 and CT3 are the calibration temperatures 6 11 3 CE1 CE2 and CE3 This calibration parameters CE1 CE2 and CE3 are the calibration errors corre sponding to the calibration temperatures 38 7 Digital Commmunication Interface Serial Communications 7 1 7 1 1 7 1 2 Digital Commmunication Interface The furnace is capable of communicating with and being controlled by other equipment through the RS 232 digital interface With a digital interface the instrument may be connected to a computer or other equipment This allows the user to set the set point temperature monitor the temperature and access any of the other controller functions all using remote communications equipment Serial Communications The calibrator is installed with an RS 232 serial interface that allows serial digital communications over fairly long distances With the serial interface the user may access any of the functions parameters and settings discussed in Sec tion 6 with the exception of the BAUD rate setting Wiring The serial communications cable attaches to the calibrator through the DB 9 connector at the back of the in strument Figure 9 shows the RS 232 Cable Wiring for pin out of this connector and IBM PC and Compatibles suggested cable wiring To eliminate noise the serial cable should be shielded with low
11. a 40 12 Interface Commands 41 8 Vertical Gradient Procedure 45 8 1 Assembly 2 o Susa ais SiGe tig Sade ses KES 45 8 2 AN A BO 45 9 Calibration Procedure 47 9 1 Calibration Pomts cec 1448 o a Lu me 47 9 2 Calibration Procedure 47 10 Freeze Point Realization 49 LOL General cc slips Haras pue Bde a Be te Aris 49 10 2 Installing the Metal Freeze Point Cell 49 10 3 How to Realize the Freezing Point of Copper 51 10 4 Safety Precautions sos s 52 11 Maintenance eee ou ose oo ee 53 12 Troubleshooting 2 44 4 i 6 eve ve esse al 12 1 Troubleshooting 57 iii Figures Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Central Heater Liner Assembly 13 Block Assembly 22 2 5 4 ee a ad a SEA Ke ewe 14 Attachment of Heater Ground Wire to Furnace Chassis 15 Thermocouple Wire Routing 16 Front Control Panel cover door removed 19 Furnace Core Diagram 21 Back Panel ie as eo cis a IN Ba NE Res SAN Re 23 Controller Operation Flowchart 26 Serial Cable Wiring 39 Metal Freeze Point Cell Installed in Canister
12. band width may be altered by the user if he desires to optimize the con trol characteristics for a particular application The proportional band width is easily adjusted from the front panel The width may be set to discrete values in degrees C or F depending on the selected units The proportional band adjustment can be accessed within the secondary menu Press SET and EXIT to enter the secondary menu and show the heater power Then press SET twice to access the proportional band ex Access heater power in secondary menu Heater power in percent 33 9116 Furnace User s Guide SET Access set point voltage 10 006 i Set point voltage in millivolts SET Access proportional band To change the proportional band press UP and DOWN Pressing EXIT exits the secondary menu ignoring any changes just made to the proportional band value 35 Proportional band Ia PRE PDT TITI SET Accept the new proportional band setting 6 8 Controller Configuration The controller has a number of configuration and operating options and calibra tion parameters which are programmable via the front panel These are ac cessed from the secondary menu after the proportional band function by pressing SET Pressing SET again enters the first of three groups of config uration parameters operating parameters serial interface parameters and cali bration parameters The groups are selected using the UP
13. on sc on Turn scan function off sc an offf sc of Read scan rate srfate sr srat 999 99 C or F min srat 10 0 C min Set scan rate to n degrees per srfate n sr 5 1 to 99 9 minute Secondary Menu Read proportional band setting pr op band pr pb 999 9 pr 15 9 Set proportional band to n pr op band n pr 8 83 0 1 to 100 Read heater power po wer po p 999 9 po 1 duty cycle Ramp and Soak Menu Read number of programmable pn pn pn 9 pn 2 set points Set number of programmable pn n pn 4 1to8 set points to n Read programmable set point psn ps3 psn 9999 99 C or F ps1 50 00 C number n Set programmable set point num psn n ps3 50 1 to 8 Instru ber nto n ment Range Read program set point soak time ptn pt3 tin 999 ti 5 Set program set point soak time to ptn n pt3 5 0 to 14400 n minutes Read program scan rate pxn px3 srn 99 9 sr3 11 3 Set program scan rate pxn n px3 10 1 to 99 9 Read program control mode pc pc prog OFF or ON prog OFF Set program control mode pc g o s top c ont GO or STOP or CONT 42 7 Digital Commmunication Interface Interface Commands Digital Communications Commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Start program pc g o pc g Stop program pc s top pc s Continue program pc c ont pc c Read program function pf pf
14. pf 9 pf 3 Set program function to n pf n pf 2 1to4 Configuration Menu Operating Parameters Menu Read high limit hl hl hl 999 hl 126 Set high limit hl n hl 90 0 to 1200 Read soft cut out scut scut scut 9999 9 scut 1150 0 Set soft cut out setting cu tout n Set soft cut out to n degrees cu tout n cu 500 0 0 to 1150 0 Read cut out mode cm ode cm cm 0000 cm AUTO Set cut out mode cm ode r eset a uto Reset or Auto Set cut out to be reset manually cm ode r eset cm r Set cut out to be reset cm ode a uto cm a automatically Serial Interface Menu Read serial sample setting sa mple sa sa 9 sa 1 Set serial sampling setting to n sa mple n sa 0 0 to 4000 seconds Set serial duplex mode du plex f ull h alf FULL or HALF Set serial duplex mode to full du plex f ull du f Set serial duplex mode to half du plex h alf du h Set serial linefeed mode If eed on of f ON or OFF Set serial linefeed mode to on ffeed on If on Set serial linefeed mode to off If eed of f If of Cal Menu Read CTn calibration parameter ctn cti ctn 99 9C ct1 10 0C Set CTn calibration parameter ton ctn n cti 10 0 0 to 12 00 Read CEn calibration parameter cen cel cen 99 9C cel 10 1C Set CEn calibration parameter to cen n cei 10 99 9 to 99 9 n 43 9116 Furnace User s Guide Digital Communications Commands continued Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values These commands are
15. supply of the appropriate voltage to power the instrument The furnace requires 12 amps at 230VAC 410 50 60 Hz If a main supply power fluctuation occurs immediately turn off the fur nace Power bumps from brown outs and black outs can damage the in strument Wait until the power has stabilized before re energizing the furnace The central heater liner assembly must be removed from the Model 9116 furnace before the furnace is to be moved or shipped Damage to the heater core can result if this assembly is left in the furnace during ship ment or movement See Section 4 5 1 Before You Start Authorized Service Centers 1 3 Authorized Service Centers Please contact one of the following authorized Service Centers to coordinate service on your Hart product Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division 799 E Utah Valley Drive American Fork UT 84003 9775 USA Phone 1 801 763 1600 Telefax 1 801 763 1010 E mail support hartscientific com Fluke Nederland B V Customer Support Services Science Park Eindhoven 5108 5692 EC Son NETHERLANDS Phone 31 402 675300 Telefax 3 1 402 675321 E mail ServiceDesk fluke nl Fluke Int l Corporation Service Center Instrimpex Room 2301 Sciteck Tower 22 Jianguomenwai Dajie Chao Yang District Beijing 100004 PRC CHINA Phone 86 10 6 5 12 3436 Telefax 86 10 6 5 12 3437 E mail xingye han fluke com cn Fluke South East Asia Pte Ltd Fluke ASEAN Regional Offic
16. 842 mV the EMF at the M P E 10 5560 mV the actual temperature in the furnace 1 10846 25882 105560 _ 087900 0 0118 Since t 1087 0 C the actual set point the error if any is very small If the error is larger than 1 C you can make an adjustment to the set point 11 Maintenance Melted Cell Figure 11 Testing Uniformity 55 12 Troubleshooting Troubleshooting 12 12 1 Troubleshooting If problems arise while operating the 9116 this section provides some sugges tions that may help you solve the problem A wiring diagram is also included Troubleshooting Below are several situations that may arise followed by suggested actions to take for fixing the problem Problem Causes and Solutions Incorrect temperature reading Power the unit on and watch the display If the first number displayed is less than 0005 the unit has been re initialized The unit may need to be reprogrammed for CT1 CT2 CT3 CE1 CE2 and CE3 See Section 7 11 These numbers can be found on the Report of Calibration that was shipped with the unit The unit heats slowly Check the Scan and Scan Rate setting The Scan may be on with the Scan Rate set low If the display flashes any of the following err 1 err 5 err 1 There is a RAM error err 2 There is a NVRAM error err 3 There is a RAM error err 4 There is a
17. ADC set up error err 5 There is a ADC ready error Initialize the system by performing the Factory Reset Sequence If the unit repeats the error code contact an Authorized Service Center for a re turn authorization and for instructions on returning the unit Factory Reset Sequence Hold the SET and EXIT keys down at the same time while powering up the unit When the screen displays nit release the keys The screen then displays the model number and the ver sion of the software The unit may need to be reprogrammed for CT1 CT2 CT3 CE1 CE2 and CE3 in the calibration menu See Section 6 11 These numbers can be found on the Report of Calibration that was shipped with the unit If the display flashes err 6 There is a sensor error The sensor is disconnected or shorted Please contact an Authorized Service Center for further instructions If the display flashes err 7 There is a HtrCTL error Initialize the unit by performing the Factory Re set Sequence as described above If the unit repeats the error code turn the unit off and allow the unit to sit at least one half hour Turn the unit back on If the unit repeats the error code turn off the unit and contact an Authorized Service Center for a return authorization and for instructions on returning the unit If the display flashes err 8 There is a Soft Cut out error Initialize the unit by performing the master reset
18. Secondary Menu s p ss d sorain ae a a Pe ea we a 32 6 6 Heater Power oore sea oh aS He Gow He se bw 32 6 7 Proportional Band 33 6 8 Controller Configuration 34 6 9 Operating Parameters 34 6 9 1 igh Tit RE D ee Bete e ee Bee da 34 6 9 2 SOM CU OUE coser de tects PEE qe a BW Fee Se RB eh ecw 35 6 9 3 Cut out Reset Mode 39 6 10 Serial Interface Parameters 36 6 10 1 BAUD RAR us eme race DIN Cie rates Bek de da sh 36 6 10 2 Sample Period soso ico le wees Dan ci bee D Se res 36 6 10 3 D plex Mode SSL sisi LA Labs cl nest Nu 37 6 10 4 mdd ne ed dd te de ds ria rom Stare ee 37 6 11 Calibration Parameters 38 6 11 1 Hard EutsOUt ps we de a de Ge eee ts 38 6112 CTI ETA OCT A IO salades ste 38 6 11 3 GEL CE2 atid CE3 e 2 5 bise ha ay e Re Gas a ce da 38 7 Digital Commmunication Interface 39 7 1 Serial Communications 39 TAL WMG ste our de A ace Nay dun cae des an ce da ge oe Ge tien ce HS mate An 39 7 1 2 SUD da o aa ida esd Gala Beads dune OR 39 7 12 BAUD Rates dao ie M ee IIA ADR a dt 40 TLZ Sample Periods coccion io feces mens o eG Bows dur BRS Eee 40 74 23 Duplex Mode 20 Lens sad A A cdi on ahs a ate eels Goa hicks Gee ue 40 1124 Tineo a 45h08 due A RA AOR eae hod au a See AS 40 TAS Serial Operations sace he a ea GE A Bee ae ee
19. a 19 5 1 2 Systemi FUSES oe kop oa nt gun a we A o a y ee 20 5 1 3 Zone Controller e gi ia A doute due adress de die As ee 20 5 2 Furnace Core s isa ab cas LUEUR ERA 20 3 2 1 Heater Block os y eS sha id RATED a dre 20 5 2 2 Heater Liners 4 2 44 6d bade edad aa 22 5 2 3 Control Sensors ga as ads aaa ul ou 22 5 23 1 Differential Thermocouples 234 er 4 pis es po ee aa 22 52 32 Control Thermocoupl s lt 48 gd edd ae thoes Wes eck Lea EE a nn Sn 22 5 2 3 3 Cu t out Thermocouple 522 saine done beh eA ARR Ge Gus 22 5 3 Back Panel oie ae Se Oe oe eS we a Ba 22 6 Controller Operation 25 6 1 Well Temperature sss sosse o ee ee 25 6 2 Temperature Set point 25 6 2 1 Programmable Set points 27 6 2 2 Setpoint Valle seis a unes BO eee Wy de de de Aie a ne Se ee Se 27 6 2 3 Temperature Scale Units 28 6 3 SCAN se webbed Sees ew ee e hs 28 6 3 1 scan Control 2 2 4 db wea dite a de Bd oe eee we Bas 28 6 3 2 Scan Rates os gas See he wick Sve pue we Gee et we ed 28 6 4 Ramp and Soak Program 29 64 1 Program Points sosis 4 ie des jus a Hide HA wa a dira Qo eS 29 6 4 2 Number of Program Points sada arar aaa EE ane 29 6 4 3 Editing Program Set Points 30 6 4 4 Program Function Mode 31 6 4 5 Program Control 0 a e tata 32 6 5
20. acter LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The linefeed parameter is indicated by CP OL ELITE III TETE a 37 9116 Furnace User s Guide 6 11 Calibration Parameters The operator of the 9116 has access to the furnace calibration constants These values are set at the factory and must not be altered The correct values are im portant to the accuracy and proper and safe operation of the furnace Access to these parameters is available to the user only so that in the event the controller memory fails the user may restore these values to the factory settings The user should have a list of these constants and their settings with the manual CAUTION DO NOT change the values of the furnace calibration con stants from the factory set values The correct settings of these parameters is important to the safety and proper operation of the furnace The calibration parameters menu is indicated by CAL Calibration parameters menu CRT ELITE ENT ELITE CL S Press SET five times to enter the menu The calibration parameters menu contains the parameters Hard Cut out CT1 CE1 CT2 CE2 CT3 and CE3 6 11 1 Hard Cut out This parameter is the temperature above which the unit shuts down automati cally The parameter is set at the factory to approximately 1150 C and cannot be changed by the user Cubt out Hard Cut out display Press SET to display the current Hard Cut out value Press SET
21. adjust the sign of the temperature pos itive and negative The sign will be flashing on and off If the sign is correct press SET The first digit of the temperature should now be flashing Adjust this digit by pressing UP or DOWN 0962 1 i New set point value A Press SET to accept the first digit and repeat until the last digit has been ad justed Press SET to accept the new set point If EXIT is pressed all changes made to the set point are discarded SET Accept new set point value 27 9116 Furnace User s Guide 28 6 2 3 6 3 6 3 1 6 3 2 Temperature Scale Units Temperature Scale Units of the controller are set by the user to degrees Celsius C or Fahrenheit F The units are used in displaying the well temperature set point and proportional band Press SET after adjusting the set point value to change display units A ATT Scan The scan rate can be set and enabled so that when the set point is changed the dry well heats or cools at a specified rate degrees per minute until it reaches the new set point With the scan disabled the dry well heats or cools at the maximum possible rate Note Enabling the Scan Control only applies to future changes to the set point The scan rate must be enabled before changing the set point For example if the 9116 is currently set for 200 C with Scan Control OFF and the user changes the set point to 700 C and
22. alibrated readout device for the thermocouple Leave the top and bottom zone controller set points at the values listed on the Report of Test provided with the furnace Using the main controller take the temperature of the furnace to an initial temperature of 400 C After the furnace has stabilized for several hours take the temperature of the furnace to approxi mately 5 C below the freeze point temperature of the fixed point cell e g 1079 C for copper 957 C for silver etc Use a scan rate of 0 5 C per minute maximum Let the furnace stabilize over night or until the test probe reaches a stability of lt 0 1 C for greater than 15 minutes Measure the temperature at one inch intervals from the bottom of the well to 5 inches above the bottom of the well Take the measurement in ascending and then descending order The measurements should be taken at 90 second inter vals in the following pattern for a total of 12 measurements 45 9116 Furnace User s Guide 46 Height inches Measurement Number Measurement Number Average 0 1 12 1 12 2 1 2 11 2 11 2 2 3 10 3 10 2 3 4 9 4 9 2 4 5 8 5 8 2 5 6 7 6 7 2 Average the two temperatures as shown in the above table It is helpful to graph the gradient results to visualize the effect of changing the top and bottom zone controller set points The average gradient over the 5 inches should be less than 0 5 C for use with a copper cell and less than 2
23. ature drops to a safe value or must be manually reset by the operator The parameter is indicated by CEorSE i Cut out reset mode parameter ATA Press SET to access the parameter setting Normally the cut out is set for manual mode Mbsrensuecatascasasaunsracacsseseues 35 9116 Furnace User s Guide 6 10 Serial Interface Parameters The serial RS 232 interface parameters menu is indicated by SEriAL Serial RS 232 interface parameters menu A LEE ILE ILE LITE LS The serial interface parameters menu contains parameters which determine the operation of the serial interface These controls only apply to instruments fitted with the serial interface The parameters in the menu are BAUD rate sample period duplex mode and linefeed 6 10 1 BAUD Rate The BAUD rate is the first parameter in the menu The BAUD rate setting de termines the serial communications transmission rate The BAUD rate parameter is indicated by bAUd i Serial BAUD rate parameter Press SET to choose to set the BAUD rate The current BAUD rate value is then displayed 2400 b Current BAUD rate E E The BAUD rate of the serial communications may be programmed to 300 600 1200 2400 4800 or 9600 BAUD 2400 BAUD is the default setting Use UP or DOWN to change the BAUD rate value 4800 b New BAUD rate Press SET to set the BAUD rate to the new value or EXIT to abort the op eration and skip to the next param
24. cations Table 2 Specifications Temperature Range 400 C to 1100 C Temperature Stability 0 5 C Temperature Gradients Less than 0 5 C Set Point Accuracy 3 0 C Set Point Resolution 0 1 C Display Resolution 0 1 C below 1000 C 1 C above 1000 C Thermal Safety Cut out 10 C Accuracy Heater Power End Zones 800 Watts each 230 VAC nonimal Primary Zone 900 Watts Exterior Dimensions 33 H x 24 W x 16 D 838 x 610 x 406 mm Power Requirements 230 VAC 10 50 60 Hz 1 Phase 12 Amps maximum Shipping Weight 68 kg 150 Ib Safety OVERVOLTAGE Installation CATEGORY Il Pollution Degree 2 per 1EC1010 1 Environmental Conditions Although the instrument has been designed for optimum durability and trou ble free operation 1t must be handled with care The instrument should not be operated in an excessively dusty or dirty environment Maintenance and clean ing recommendations can be found in the Maintenance Section of this manual The instrument operates safely under the following conditions e temperature range 5 50 C 41 122 F e ambient relative humidity maximum 80 for temperature lt 31 C de creasing linearly to 50 at 40 C e pressure 75kPa 106kPa e mains voltage within 10 of nominal e vibrations in the calibration environment should be minimized e altitudes less than 2 000 meters 9116 Furnace User s Guide If the u
25. d The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter enables On or disables OFF transmission of a linefeed charac ter LF ASCII 10 after transmission of any carriage return The default setting is with linefeed on The mode may be changed using UP or DOWN and pressing SET 7 1 3 Serial Operation Once the cable has been attached and the interface set up properly the control ler will immediately begin transmitting temperature readings at the pro grammed rate The serial communications uses 8 data bits one stop bit and no parity The set point and other commands may be sent via the serial interface to 40 7 Digital Commmunication Interface Interface Commands 7 2 set the temperature set point and view or program the various parameters The interface commands are discussed in Section 7 2 All commands are ASCII character strings terminated with a carriage return character CR ASCII 13 Interface Commands The various commands for accessing the calibrator functions via the digital in terfaces are listed in this section see Table 4 starting on page 42 These com mands are used with the RS 232 serial interface In either case the commands are terminated with a carriage return character The interface makes no distinc tion between upper and lower case letters hence either may be used Com mands may be abbreviated to the minimum number of letters which deter
26. d Soak Menu is accessed by pressing SET and UP simultaneously Program Points The 9116 contains eight program points Each program point contains a set point scan rate and soak time When the unit is in program mode the unit heats or cools to the current program set point at the current program scan rate Once the program set point is reached the unit waits for the program soak time before heating or cooling to the next program set point To access the Ramp and Soak Program Menu press SET and UP simultaneously S624 Well temperature Ed TRE T ES w Access Ramp and Soak Program Menu Number of Program Points The first parameter in the program menu is the number of program points to cy cle through Up to 8 set points can be used in a ramp and soak program Pn 8 Number of program points to cycle through A Use the UP and DOWN buttons to change the program points The valid range is from 2 to 8 Pons Y i Number of program points A Press SET to continue Pressing EXIT causes any changes made to the pa rameter to be discarded Accept the new number of program points 29 9116 Furnace User s Guide 6 4 3 Editing Program Set Points The controller allows the user to adjust up to eight program points These are accessed by pressing SET after setting the number of program points as de scribed in Section 6 4 2 Each program point has three associated para
27. d for op timum durability and trouble free operation it must be handled with care The instrument should not be operated in wet oily dusty or dirty environ ments Keep the well of the instrument free of any foreign matter Do not operate near flammable materials The Model 9116 Furnace utilizes high voltages and currents to create high temperatures Caution should always be maintained during installation and use of this instrument to prevent electrical shock and burns Fire can be a hazard for any device that produces high temperatures Proper care and installation must be maintained Responsible use of this instrument will result in safe operation The furnace generates extreme temperatures Precautions must be taken to prevent personal injury or damage to objects Probes may be extremely hot when removed from the furnace Cautiously handle probes to prevent personal injury Carefully place probes on a heat resistant surface or rack until they are at room temperature SPRT s should be placed in an anneal ing furnace if removed at temperatures greater than 500 C The unit is not equipped with wheels It is considered to be permanently set once it has been installed If the unit must be moved for some reason 9116 Furnace User s Guide be sure that the fixed point cell has been removed before moving the fur nace Any movement of the furnace with the cell inside can damage the cell The unit is not designed to be lifted or carried I
28. e Service Center 9116 Furnace User s Guide 60 Alexandra Terrace 03 16 The Comtech Lobby D 118502 SINGAPORE Phone 65 6799 5588 Telefax 65 6799 5588 E mail antng singa fluke com When contacting these Service Centers for support please have the following information available e Model Number e Serial Number e Voltage e Complete description of the problem 2 Introduction Introduction The Hart Scientific Model 9116 Furnace has a temperature range of 400 C to 1100 C and is designed for use in achieving Aluminum Silver Gold or Copper Freezing Point measurements The Model 9116 may also be used to make com parison measurements using a specially designed quartz graphite equilibration block The furnace utilizes a custom designed 3 zone heater core to maintain a uni form temperature over the length of the Metal Freeze point cell The tempera ture controller is programmable a feature that may be conveniently used to simplify the melting freeze initiation and plateau control The temperature control and uniformity of the furnace allows the user to achieve plateaus rang ing many hours in length NOTE Many of the illustrations and examples used in this manual as sume the use of the copper point cell Any of the cells indicated may be used with the appropriate set points 3 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifications 3 1 Specifications and Environmental Conditions Specifi
29. e of the furnace e g if the furnace will be used for a copper cell CE3 should be set at 1079 C minimum or 957 C minimum for a silver cell Improved results can be ob tained for shorter ranges when using temperatures that are just within the most useful operating range of the unit The farther apart the calibration tempera tures the larger will be the calibration range but the calibration error will also be greater over the range Choosing a range of 400 C to 1075 C may allow the unit to have an accuracy of 0 5 C but outside that range the accuracy may be greater than 1 0 C Calibration Procedure 1 Choose three set points to use in the calibration of the CE1 CE2 and CE3 parameters These set points are generally CT1 400 C CT2 700 C and CT3 1075 C but other set points may be used if desired or necessary If the factory set points of CT1 CT2 and CT3 are used leave the values of CE1 CE2 and CE3 at the current settings see the supplied Report of Test If the normal set points are not used initialize CT1 CT2 and CT3 to the desired set points and CE1 CE2 and CE3 to 0 where CTI is the low set point and CT3 is the high set point 2 Set the unit to the low set point When the unit reaches the set point and the thermometer reference display is stable e g lt 0 1 C change in 15 minutes take a reading from the thermometer Repeat step 2 for the other two set points recording them as Tm1 Tm2 and Tm3 respecti
30. ed Access Plug and into the guide tubes of the Liner Assembly The thermocouples must be lowered completely into the guide tubes Do not force the thermocouples Note The longest ther mocouple will pass through the notch at the bottom of the Liner Assem bly Remove the outer sheet metal that covers the electronics compartment of the furnace Carefully guide the leads from the thermocouples through the 15 9116 Furnace User s Guide access hole at the top of the furnace into the electronics compartment of the furnace See Figure 4 Thermocouple Wires Figure 4 Thermocouple Wire Routing e Wire the thermocouple leads to the controllers The wires should be firmly attached using the screw down terminals on the controller printed circuit boards The Top and Bottom controller cut out thermocouple in puts must be shorted On the top of the furnace make sure that the leads from the thermocouples are directed away from the central well of the fur 16 4 Installation Final Assembly nace and will not be pinched or interfere with other parts Use the follow ing wiring table Table 3 Thermocouple Wiring Thermocouple Controller Thermocouple Part Number Lead Color Controller Zone Terminal Main control 40002003 red Main negative Main control 40002003 black Main positive Main cut out 40002003 red Main negative Main cut out 40002003 black Main positive Top 40002004 red yellow Top negat
31. ent WEEE Directive C TIC Australian EMC Mark e 2002 96 EC mark 1 2 Safety Information Use this instrument only as specified in this manual Otherwise the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired The following definitions apply to the terms Warning and Caution WARNING identifies conditions and actions that may pose hazards to the user CAUTION identifies conditions and actions that may damage the in strument being used 1 2 1 WARNINGS To avoid personal injury follow these guidelines Before initial use or after transport or after storage in humid or semi hu mid environments or anytime the instrument has not been energized for more than 10 days the instrument needs to be energized for a dry out period of 2 hours before it can be assumed to meet all of the safety re quirements of the IEC 1010 1 If the product is wet or has been in a wet environment take necessary measures to remove moisture prior to apply ing power such as storage in a low humidity temperature chamber operat ing at 50 C for 4 hours or more HIGH VOLTAGE is used in the operation of this equipment SEVERE INJURY OR DEATH may result if personnel fail to observe safety precautions Before working inside the equipment turn power off and disconnect power cord HIGH TEMPERATURES PRESENT in this equipment FIRES AND SEVERE BURNS may result if personnel fail to observe safety pre cau tions
32. eter in the menu 6 10 2 Sample Period The sample period is the next parameter in the serial interface parameter menu The sample period is the time period in seconds between temperature measure ments transmitted from the serial interface If the sample rate is set to 5 the in strument transmits the current measurement over the serial interface approximately every five seconds The automatic sampling is disabled with a sample period of 0 The sample period is indicated by SPEr Serial sample period parameter O Press SET to choose to set the sample period The current sample period value is displayed 36 6 Controller Operation Serial Interface Parameters 6 10 3 6 10 4 S5P 1 Current sample period seconds Adjust the value with UP or DOWN and then use SET to set the sample rate to the displayed value S5P 60 New sample period PR C IT ELITE ILE LIT CRE Duplex Mode The next parameter is the duplex mode The duplex mode may be set to full du plex or half duplex With full duplex any commands received by the calibrator via the serial interface are immediately echoed or transmitted back to the device of origin With half duplex the commands are executed but not echoed The du plex mode parameter is indicated by Ai ATTE Linefeed The final parameter in the serial interface menu is the linefeed mode This pa rameter enables on or disables off transmission of a linefeed char
33. f it must be picked up it is advisable that two people pick the unit up by placing their hands under the unit and carefully lifting at the same time Never move the fur nace ifitis hot Air circulated through the gap surrounding the furnace core keeps the chassis cool DO NOT SHUT OFF THE FURNACE WHILE AT HIGH TEMPERATURES The fan will turn off allowing the chassis to become hot Alternatively if used the cooling water should remain on un til the furnace is cool Once the unit has been taken to high temperatures over 800 C it takes days for the unit to cool completely Follow all safety guidelines listed in the user s manual Calibration Equipment should only be used by Trained Personnel 1 2 2 CAUTIONS To avoid possible damage to the instrument follow these guidelines DO NOT operate this unit without a properly grounded properly polar ized power cord DO NOT connect this unit to a non grounded non polarized outlet DO use a ground fault interrupt device Always perform the vertical gradient procedure before the calibration pro cedure Changing the vertical gradient can affect the accuracy of the unit The vertical gradient must be such that the top of the cell is hotter than the bottom or damage to the cell may result The support canister must also be free of oils and other contaminating materials Never touch the cell with bare hands Do not use fluids to clean out the well Use only grounded AC mains
34. f the furnace where the ground wire must be placed These notches and ground wire must be used to key and properly locate the Heater Liner Assembly in the furnace e After routing the ground wire in the notches described above carefully 13 9116 Furnace User s Guide na COTO a mL oi ren rue E ATSMESSV DOTA Y3IVIH 9116 DAMOS sos an ax x M MANE ae ra os nn AROS E A Eee ASN SIAVA YO TWIAZIVW eins mira woumososoannowwon foco soma vos un fau MAWwassv M8Wassv YINI AALVAH 38044 401031438 THM dOL AO MINIT SLWd ONTY NOLIVINSNI Mawassv 9Md SSY MAaWASSY qn m moun a pr w Figure 2 Block Assembly 14 4 Installation Final Assembly Ground wire attached to screws with two star wash ers one between wire and plate one between wire and screw bend the wire and secure it to the furnace using two star washers and a screw See Figure 3 Figure 3 Attachment of Heater Ground Wire to Furnace Chassis Locate the Perforated Access Plug see Figure 2 and place it in the top access to the furnace Be sure to align the three thermocouple access holes with those in the Central Heater Liner Assembly to allow for proper in stallation of the three thermocouples Locate the three thermocouples and carefully guide them down through the three holes in the Perforat
35. first thermometer to be calibrated should not be preheated The cold thermometer enhances the rate of freezing at the beginning of freezing i e induces the freezing Take the average of several thermometer resistance readings over a pe riod of about 10 minutes This average is the resistance at the freezing point of copper Ra Several thermometers can be calibrated during one freezing curve 51 9116 Furnace User s Guide 10 4 52 Since a cold thermometer absorbs a large amount of heat which shortens the freezing curve greatly subsequent thermometers to be calibrated should be preheated to a temperature very near the freezing point before inserting each into the copper cell Another advantage of preheating is that the equilibrium time in the cell may be shortened by nearly one half 1 e from about 20 minutes to 10 minutes Preheat the thermometers for 20 minutes or so near the freezing point Preheating the thermometers for too long is unnecessary and should not be done The thermometer sensors could possibly be contaminated if they remain in metal wells for a long period of time 4 SPRT Annealing The rapid cooling from the freezing point of copper to room temperature introduces extra crystal defects vacancies in the plati num wire of the thermometer resulting in a noticeable increase in resis tance at the triple point of water R Sometimes a change larger than the equivalent of 30 mK can be observed An appropr
36. fore with proper care the instrument should require very little maintenance Avoid operating the instrument in an oily wet dirty or dusty environment e If the outside of the instrument becomes soiled it may be wiped clean with a damp cloth and mild detergent Do not use harsh chemicals on the surface which may damage the paint e Be sure that the well of the furnace is kept clean and clear of any foreign matter DO NOT use fluids to clean out the well e If a hazardous material is spilled on or inside the equipment the user is responsible for taking the appropriate decontamination steps as outlined by the national safety council with respect to the material e If the mains supply cord becomes damaged replace it with a cord of the appropriate gauge wire for the current of the instrument If there are any questions call an Authorized Service Center for more information e Before using any cleaning or decontamination method except those rec ommended by Hart users should check with an Authorized Service Cen ter to be sure that the proposed method will not damage the equipment e If the instrument is used in a manner not in accordance with the equip ment design the operation of the furnace may be impaired or safety haz ards may arise e The over temperature cut out should be checked every 6 months to see that it is working properly In order to check the user selected cut out fol low the controller directions Section 6 for set
37. furnace 49 9116 Furnace User s Guide Figure 10 Metal Freeze Point Cell Installed in Canister 50 Quartz Shell Graphite Crucible High Purity Metal Sample Quartz Reentrant Tube Cap with 4 pin Bayonet Lock Support Canister or Basket Fiber Ceramic Paper to center cell in canister Metal Freeze Point Cell cell interior construction shown Fiber Ceramic Cushion 10 Freeze Point Realization How to Realize the Freezing Point of Copper 10 3 Lower the assembly onto the furnace using the tongs provided The tips of the tongs fit into the holes inside the top of the cap Make sure the cap stays in the grooves during the process Removal of the cell is in reverse of this process Install the Heater Liner Top Thermal Guard and insulation as shown in Figure 6 Furnace Core on page 21 Once the freeze point cell is properly installed you are prepared to heat the fur nace and realize the freeze point for calibration purposes How to Realize the Freezing Point of Copper 1 Melting the Cell Switch on the power to the furnace from the front panel The temperature ramp rate should not be too high Heating from room temperature to 1084 C should take approximately 3 5 hours and then 20 minutes from 1084 C to 1090 C The ramp rates are program mable from the controller Use a working high temperature platinum re sistance thermometer or a Type S Type R thermocouple to monitor the temperat
38. gularly used dur ing operation of the furnace A green light on the main display indicates the unit is energized Beneath the primary controller is the power switch The zone controllers are the least often used TOP ZONE BOTTOM ZONE CONTROLLER CONTROLLER Primary Controller The primary controller controls the center zone to which the end zones are slaved and therefore has overall control of the furnace This sloped panel is located on the upper right portion of the furnace see Figure 5 The controller itself is a hybrid ana log digital device utilizing the high stability of analog circuitry with the flexibility of a micro processor inter face and digital controls The following controls and indicators are present on the primary controller panel 1 the digital LED display 2 the control buttons and 3 the power indicator light 1 The digital display shows the set and actual temperatures as well as various other functions settings e e and constants The temperature can be set in scale units of either C or F Figure 5 Front Control Panel cover door removed 19 9116 Furnace User s Guide 2 The control buttons SET DOWN UP and EXIT are used to set the fur nace temperature setpoint access and set other operating and calibration parameters A brief description of the functions of the buttons follows SET Used to display the next parameter in a menu and t
39. h cotton gloves Discard the gloves before they become appreciably soiled Any foreign material should be carefully removed with high purity alcohol Refer to Figure 10 on page 50 CAUTION The support canister must also be free of oils and other con taminating materials The freeze point cell is first installed into the support canister The cell must be laid on its side for installation Use especially gentle handling since there may be considerable stress on the reentrant tube from the weight of the metal sam ple and graphite crucible With both the cell and the support canister on their sides carefully slide the cell into the canister opening and push it against the fi ber ceramic cushion on the bottom of the canister To reduce friction and to pre vent scratching the quartz a strip of paper may be inserted part way into the canister and under the cell during the sliding process Use very clean paper cut approximately 2 inches wide Carefully turn the canister and cell upright and remove all of the paper strip It is helpful to have two people complete the pro cess Shim the cell with fiber ceramic paper to center it Always leave enough space around the edge of the cell to enable you to remove it Install the cap and rotate to the locked position The cap fits very loosely to prevent binding when oxidized The 4 pins pull into grooves to help them main tain their position while lowering the assembly into and removing it from the
40. he exit The temperature of the cooling water will affect the calibration of the furnace 4 5 Final Assembly Several of the components used in the Model 9116 Furnace are packed sepa rately during shipment to prevent damage to the furnace or to the components Once the furnace has been placed in it s final location the final assembly of the furnace may be completed as follows e Remove the top cover of the furnace by gently pulling up on the cover e Inspect the center well of the furnace and remove any debris or packing material that may be present e Locate the Central Heater Liner Assembly and attach the Duraboard Sup port Ring to the top end of the Liner Assembly the thermocouple guide 4 Installation Final Assembly tubes will extend through the Ring Make sure that the three thermocou ple guide tubes are clean and free of any debris See Figure below and Top Duraboard Support Ring 3 parts Figure 1 Central Heater Liner Assembly Figure 2 on page 14 e Securely attach the removal tool tongs to the top of the Central Heater Liner Assembly The removal tool must be inserted into the two holes at the top of the Liner Assembly There is a grounding wire attached to the top of the heater liner Be careful that it does not damage the heaters as the heat pipe is lowered into the furnace Gently lower the Liner Assem bly down into the bottom of the center well There are notches in the top reflector plates o
41. iate annealing gets rid of these defects and returns the R to the equilibrium value Anneal the thermometer at 700 C for 2 hours in a clean furnace and then cool it from 700 C to 450 C over 3 hours An alternative annealing procedure is to anneal at 970 C for 30 minutes and then cool at a constant rate to 500 C over a period of 4 hours After annealing the thermometer take it out of the furnace and cool it to room temperature in air Measure the R and calculate the resistance ratio W R u Wa K tp A thermocouple does not need to be annealed after calibration at the freezing point of copper Safety Precautions CAUTION Never touch the cell with bare hands When handling the cell wear gloves Sealed cells for freezing points are delicate devices and the quartz shell is prone to be broken THE CELL MUST BE HANDLED WITH EXTREME CARE Maintain the cell in vertical orientation for safety Although putting the cell in horizontal orientation for a short period of time may not cause any damage transporting the cell by any means while in this position is dangerous Trans porting a cell by common carrier is also dangerous The cell should be hand carried from one place to another Keep the surface of the cell clean 11 Maintenance 11 Maintenance e The calibration instrument has been designed with the utmost care Ease of operation and simplicity of maintenance have been a central theme in the product development There
42. ive Top 40002004 black orange Top positive Bottom 40002005 red yellow Bottom negative Bottom 40002005 black orange Bottom positive e Because of the new Duraboard Support Ring and extraneous pieces of Carefully re attach the top cover of the furnace Install the metal freeze point cell in the applicable configuration Re fasten the sheet metal over the electronics compartment of the furnace Durablanket and or Durapaper used in the well assembly the unit must be burned in to remove noxious fumes from the binder used in the insula tion The final burn in should be done when laboratory personal will not be exposed to the fumes or the fumes should be vented to a safe area Per sonnel should not be exposed to the fumes Set the temperature of the fur nace to 660 C with a scan rate of 2 0 C per minute maximum and allow the furnace to stabilize at 660 C Leave the furnace at 660 C for 6 hours minimum to complete the burn in process The furnace is now ready to be tested for vertical gradients and temperature calibration 17 5 Parts and Controls Control Panel 5 1 Parts and Controls The Model 9116 consists of a control panel furnace core and a back panel Each part and control is described below Control Panel The controls to the furnace are lo cated on panels to the right of the in strument The upper portion of the panel is sloped and is the primary controller which is re
43. lect CES SET EXIT gt SET EXIT Figure 8 Controller Operation Flowchart 26 6 Controller Operation Temperature Set point 6 2 1 6 2 2 Programmable Set points The controller stores 8 set point temperatures in memory The set points can be quickly recalled to conveniently set the calibrator to a previously programmed temperature set point To set the temperature one must first select the set point memory This function is accessed from the temperature display function by pressing SET The number of the set point memory currently being used is shown at the left on the display followed by the current set point value 180 0 C E Well temperature in degrees Celsius SET Access set point memory 1 25 Set point memory 1 25 0 C currently used TINTA 5 962 New set point memory 5 962 0 C Press SET to accept the new selection and access the set point value SET Accept selected set point memory Set point Value The set point value may be adjusted after selecting the set point memory and pressing SET 10962 0 Set point value in C If the set point value is correct then press EXIT to resume displaying the well temperature Press UP or DOWN to
44. meters the program set point the program scan rate and the program hold or soak time After adjusting the number of program points press SET Program point 1 Use the UP or DOWN buttons to select any of the program points The controller only allows the user to edit program points that are less than or equal to the number of program points selected as explained in Section 6 4 2 For ex ample if the user has selected 4 program points program points 5 6 7 and 8 cannot be edited Program point 4 a Press SET to edit a program point Edit program point The first value to edit is the program set point us ressansabatwacdstaadeseaeaasens New program set point value for program point 4 Press SET to save the new set point value or EXIT to discard changes SET Accept the program point set point The next value to edit is the program soak time Program point 4 soak time Press SET to edit the program soak time SET Edit program point soak time Use UP DOWN and SET to adjust the program soak time This value can be any integer from 0 to 14400 This time is the number of minutes the pro gram set point maintains after the temperature of the furnace has settled and before proceeding to the next set point Each digit flashes individually to indi cate that it can be adjusted 30 6 Controller Operation Ramp and Soak Program 6 4 4 Prog
45. mines a unique command A command may be used to either set a parameter or dis play a parameter depending on whether or not a value is sent with the com mand following an character For example s lt CR gt will return the current set point and s 50 00 lt CR gt will set the set point to 50 00 degrees In the following list of commands characters or data within brackets and are optional for the command A slash denotes alternate characters or data Numeric data denoted by n may be entered in decimal or exponential notation Spaces may be added within command strings and will simply be ig nored Backspace BS ASCII 8 may be used to erase the previous character A terminating CR is implied with all commands 41 9116 Furnace User s Guide Table 4 Digital Communications Commands Command Command Returned Acceptable Command Description Format Example Returned Example Values Display Temperature Read current set point s etpoint S set 9999 9 C or F set 150 00 C Set current set point to n s etpoint n s 450 Instrument Range Set temperature units u nits c f CorF Set temperature units to Celsius u nits c u C Set temperature units to u nits f u f Fahrenheit Read scan function sc an sc scan ON or OFF scan ON Set scan function sc an on of f ON or OFF Turn scan function on sc an
46. n and any adjustment to these controllers could cause the vertical gra dient to fall out of specification Well Temperature The digital LED display on the front panel allows direct viewing of the actual well temperature This temperature value is what is normally shown on the dis play The units C or F of the temperature value are displayed at the right For example 962 3 Well temperature in degrees Celsius III EI IT IT III Let TS The temperature displayed function may be accessed from any other function by pressing the EXIT button Temperature Set point The temperature set point can be set to any value within the range and resolu tion as given in the specifications Be careful not to exceed the safe upper tem perature limit of any device inserted into the well Setting the temperature involves two steps 1 select the set point memory and 2 adjust the set point value 25 9116 Furnace User s Guide Display Temperature SET UP SET
47. nication RS 232 Current Voltage Label Water Cooling Connection Power Cord D Figure 7 Back Panel 23 6 Controller Operation Well Temperature 6 1 6 2 Controller Operation This section discusses in detail how to operate the furnace temperature control ler using the front control panel By using the front panel key switches and LED display the user may monitor the well temperature adjust the set point temperature in degrees C or F monitor the heater output power adjust the con troller proportional band and program the probe calibration parameters operat ing parameters serial interface configuration and controller calibration parameters Operation of the functions and parameters are shown in the flowchart in Figure 8 on page 26 This chart may be copied for reference In the following discussion a button with the word SET UP DOWN or EXIT inside indicates the panel button while the dotted box indicates the display reading Explanation of the button or display reading are to the right of each button or display value Note The following descriptions apply to the main controller Although the user can use these commands to adjust the two secondary controllers Hart Sci entific strongly recommends that the user become familiar with the furnace be fore making any adjustments to the secondary controllers The secondary heaters are adjusted at the factory for an ideal vertical gradient for a given con figuratio
48. nit is operating at temperatures above 600 C cooling coils are accessi ble on the rear of the chassis to prevent the furnace heat from loading down the room air conditioning system see Section 4 4 Plumbing 3 3 Warranty Fluke Corporation Hart Scientific Division Hart warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship under normal use and service for a period as stated in our current product catalog from the date of shipment This warranty extends only to the original purchaser and shall not apply to any product which in Hart s sole opinion has been subject to misuse alteration abuse or abnormal conditions of operation or handling Software is warranted to operate in accordance with its programmed instruc tions on appropriate Hart products It is not warranted to be error free Hart s obligation under this warranty is limited to repair or replacement of a product which is returned to Hart within the warranty period and is determined upon examination by Hart to be defective If Hart determines that the defect or malfunction has been caused by misuse alteration abuse or abnormal condi tions or operation or handling Hart will repair the product and bill the pur chaser for the reasonable cost of repair To exercise this warranty the purchaser must forward the product after calling or writing an Authorized Service Center see Section 1 3 on page 5 for autho rization The Service Centers assume NO risk f
49. o store parame ters to the displayed value DOWN Used to decrement the displayed value of parameters UP Used to increment the displayed value EXIT Used to exit from a menu When EXIT is pressed any changes made to the displayed value are ignored 3 The power indicator light lets the user visually see that the unit is energized 5 1 2 System Fuses For easy access by the user the system fuses of appropriate amperage 15 A are located behind the cover door or inside the electronics compartment See Section Safety Guidelines with regard to changing the fuses 5 1 3 Zone Controller The controllers for the top and bottom zones of the heater block are located be hind the door They are slaved to the primary zone of the furnace with differen tial thermocouples Their controls are not normally accessed during operation of the furnace and are used only when the zones must be re nulled They are la beled according to their function 5 2 Furnace Core The furnace core contains the heater block heater liner and control sensors See Figure 6 on page 21 5 2 1 Heater Block The furnace core consists of a custom designed 3 zone heater with a hole in the center which receives the metal freeze point cell and its supporting canister See Figure 6 The heater is physically divided into three zones the top end zone the bottom end zone and the center or primary zone The end zones are intended to thermally guard the primary
50. only used for factory testing Miscellaneous not on menus Read firmware version number ver sion ver ver 9999 9 99 ver 9122 3 54 Read structure of all commands h elp h list of commands Legend Optional Command data Returns either information n Numeric data supplied by user 9 Numeric data returned to user x Character data returned to user Note When DUPLEX is set to FULL and a command is sent to READ the command is returned followed by a carriage return and linefeed Then the value is returned as indicated in the RETURNED column 44 8 Vertical Gradient Procedure Assembly 8 8 1 8 2 Vertical Gradient Procedure CAUTION Always perform the vertical gradient procedure before the calibration procedure Changing the vertical gradient can affect the accu racy of the unit To achieve the optimum performance of this unit it is necessary to adjust the top and bottom zone controllers to provide the best vertical gradient possible inside the well assembly By following this procedure the user will be able to achieve vertical gradients less than 0 5 C over a 5 inch length at the bottom of the well assembly Assembly Carefully install the fixed point cell in the well assembly of the furnace per the instructions supplied with the cell and the furnace User Guide Test As a minimum the following test equipment will be required to perform this procedure e A calibrated Type S or Type R thermocouple e A c
51. or in transit damage THE FOREGOING WARRANTY IS PURCHASER S SOLE AND EXCLU SIVE REMEDY AND IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EX PRESS OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR USE HART SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM AGES OR LOSS WHETHER IN CONTRACT TORT OR OTHERWISE 4 Installation Unpacking 4 4 1 4 2 4 3 Installation Unpacking Verify that the following components are present e Furnace e Radiation Guard Quartz tube packed separately e Fixed Point Basket e Fixed Point Basket Lid e Fixed Point Basket removal tool e Lid to the Inconel Heater Liner e Extra Insulation e Durapaper for the fixed point cell e Small Durablanket circles for fixed point basket e Miscellaneous for packing around the fixed point cell e Control Zone Cut out Thermocouple e Top Zone Thermocouple e Bottom Zone Thermocouple e Perforated Access Plug e Central Heater Liner Assembly e Duraboard Support Ring Unpacking should be done carefully Several parts are packed disassembled for safe shipment Small parts may be packed in a separate box inside the crate Check carefully for all parts If there is any damage due to shipment notify your carrier immediately Location A furnace of this type is typically installed in a calibration laboratory where temperature conditions are generally well controlled Bes
52. ram point 4 soak time set for 200 minutes Press SET to save the new soak time value or EXIT to discard changes SET Accept the program point soak time The next value to edit is the program scan rate This value is ignored if scan is not enabled for the unit See Section 6 3 1 New program point 4 scan rate Press SET to save the new scan rate value Accept the program point scan rate After SET is pressed the controller advances to the next program point or if there are no more program points to edit exits to the Program Function Menu Repeat the above steps to edit any program point Program Function Mode The next parameter is the program function or cycle mode There are four pos sible modes which determine whether the program scans up from set point 1 to n only or both up and down from set point n to 1 and also whether the program stops after one cycle or repeats the cycle indefinitely The table below shows the action of each of the four program mode settings Function Action 1 up stop 2 up down stop 3 up repeat 4 up down repeat pre Program mode Use the UP or DOWN buttons to change the mode 31 9116 Furnace User s Guide New mode Press SET to continue Save new setting 6 4 5 Program Control The final parameter in the program menu is the control parameter You may choose between three options to either start the program from the beginning
53. re Instrument Computer DTE sistance between the connector een eae PIN PIN DB9 and the shield 1NC 1DcD 2 RxD 2 RxD Setup 3TxD e 3TxD ANC 4DTR Before operation the serial in 5 GND 5 GND terface must first be set up b DE aSr AA RES programming the BAUD rate 8CTS A 8 CTS and other configuration parame INC 9NC ters These parameters are pro grammed within the serial interface menu Instrument Computer DTE Connector Connector To enter the serial parameter DB 9 Pin DB 25 Pin programming mode first press INC e cc ee 29 2 RxD e e 2TxD EXIT while pressing SET oni er and release to enter the second 4NC ARTS ary menu Press SET repeat SGNDe 5CTS edly until the display reads Le O DXL E S Aers to 7RTS 7 GND ConFi6 This is the menu se BCTS 8DCD lection Press UP repeatedly 9NC 20DTR until the serial interface menu is Figure 9 Serial Cable Wiring 39 9116 Furnace User s Guide indicated with SEr AL Finally press SET to enter the serial parameter menu In the serial interface parameters menu are the BAUD rate the sample rate the duplex mode and the linefeed parameter 7 1 2 1 BAUD Rate The BAUD rate is the first parameter in the menu The display will prompt with the BAUD rate parameter by showing BAUd Press SET to choose to set the BAUD rate The current BAUD rate value will then be displayed The
54. s a percent age of full power 41 5 i Heater power in percent To exit out of the secondary menu press EXIT To continue on to the propor tional band setting function press SET Proportional Band In a proportional controller such as this the heater output power is proportional to the well temperature over a limited range of temperatures around the set point This range of temperature is called proportional band At the bottom of the proportional band the heater output is 100 At the top of the propor tional band the heater output is 0 Thus as the temperature rises the heater power is reduced which consequently tends to lower the temperature back down In this way the temperature is maintained at a fairly constant temperature The temperature stability of the well and response time depend on the width of the proportional band If the band is too wide the well temperature deviates ex cessively from the set point due to varying external conditions This deviation 1s because the power output changes very little with temperature and the con troller cannot respond very well to changing conditions or noise in the system If the proportional band is too narrow the temperature may swing back and forth because the controller overreacts to temperature variations For best con trol stability the proportional band must be set for the optimum width The proportional band width is set at the factory to about 100 0 C The propor tional
55. sequence as described above The Factory Reset Sequence re sets the Soft Cut out Temperature to the default of 1175 C If the unit re peats the error code turn the unit off and allow the unit to sit at least one half hour Turn the unit back on If the unit repeats the error code turn off the unit and contact an Authorized Service Center for a return au thorization and for instructions on returning the unit 57 9116 Furnace User s Guide 58 Problem Causes and Solutions If the temperature stability is greater than 0 5 C Check the ground weir on the control heater liner assembly See Section 4 5 and Figure 3 If the Central Heater Liner Assembly is not well grounded the temperature stability may be impacted Power Up The unit is equipped with internal operator accessible fuses If a fuse blows it may be due to a power surge or failure of a component Replace the fuse once DO NOT replace the fuse with one of a higher current rat ing Always replace the fuse with one of the same rating voltage and type If the fuse blows a second time it is likely caused by failure of a component or part Contact an Authorized Service Center see Section 1 3 for assistance
56. t results will be ob tained from this type of environment Avoid the presence of flammable materi als near the furnace Allow 6 or more inches of air space around the furnace Adjust the levelers on the bottom of the furnace to level the furnace and to keep it from rocking Power The 9116 furnace requires approximately 12 amps of current at a nominal 230 VAC 410 50 60 Hz The furnace is supplied with a 14 gauge 2 conductor plus ground cable and connector Since building electrical installations may 11 9116 Furnace User s Guide vary the connector and cable may be removed at the furnace back panel and another used so long as it is rated for the specified current and voltage See Figure 7 Back Panel on page 23 Be sure that the furnace chassis is always solidly grounded A shock hazard may exist if it is not All switches are double pole for safety in such hot hot neutral installations and both lines are fused 4 4 Plumbing The cooling coils are accessible from the back panel of the 9116 chassis See Figure 7 Back Panel on page 23 Water cooling prevents much of the furnace heat from loading down air conditioning systems Provide cold tap water with a valve convenient for operation near the rear of the furnace A flow rate of about 0 4 GPM of tap water is required Pressure should not exceed 60 PSIG Drain the warm exit water into an appropriate sump Hart Scientific uses the top hose as the inlet and the bottom hose as t
57. then sets Scan Control to ON the 9116 ramps up to 700 C at the maximum rate The Scan Control must be set to ON before the set point is changed to 700 C in order to ramp up at the scan rate Scan Control The scan control is not user adjustable It is defaulted to ON for the primary controller There is no scan rate control for the zone controllers Scan Rate The scan rate can be set from 0 1 to 5 C min The scan rate for the primary controller is defaulted to 2 C min The recommended scan rate for the fixed point cell operation is a maximum of 2 C min The scan rate function appears in the main menu after the scan control function The scan rate units are in degrees per minute degrees C or F depending on the selected units Eee Peet teeter reer eer rete titres A 6 Controller Operation Ramp and Soak Program 6 4 6 4 1 6 4 2 Press SET to accept the new scan rate and continue SET Accept scan rate The scan rates of the three zone controllers should be set to similar values oth erwise the furnace might exhibit abnormal performance Ramp and Soak Program The ramp and soak program feature for the 9116 allows the user to program a number of set points cycle the furnace automatically between the temperatures at a scan rate set by the user and hold the furnace at each temperature for a pe riod of time set by the user The user can select one of four different cycle func tions The Ramp an
58. ting the cut out e Adjustment of Temperature Uniformity Vertical uniformity should be measured in a freeze point cell with the metal melted The vertical tem perature uniformity in the cell should be within 0 5 C for a distance of five inches upwards from the bottom of the central well See Figure 11 on page 55 A periodic check of the temperature uniformity using a Type R or Type S thermocouple is recommended at least once every year e Check of the Controller Set point Accuracy This test is carried out in a metal freeze point cell where the metal has been completely melted Prepare the furnace in the same fashion as though a freeze plateau would be conducted up to the point that the metal sample is melted This exam ple illustrates measurements made near the copper point Set the temperature of the furnace at 1087 C and allow it to stabilize as would be done in preparation for a freeze Measure the EMF of a thermocouple in serted into the cell Compare the measured EMF to one taken at the M P or F P The actual temperature t in the cell can be calculated by using the following equation 53 9116 Furnace User s Guide 54 E E t 1084 6 C 1 0 0 0118mV C where E is the measurement EMF and E is the EMF at the M P 1084 6 C is the M P temperature of copper for this example and 0 0118 mV C is the sen sitivity of a Type S thermocouple near the M P of copper For example the measured EMF E _10 5
59. ure in the cell When the copper sample begins to melt the tem perature starts rising and remains almost constant during the melting pro cess Write down the resistance or EMF indicated by the working thermometer at the melting point for future reference 2 As soon as the copper sample is melted completely set the furnace at a temperature of about 3 C higher than the freezing point Maintain a sta ble temperature for 20 minutes Then let the temperature of the furnace decrease at a rate of 0 2 to 0 3 C per minute until the temperature indi cated by the working thermometer stops decreasing and starts to rise This indicates that freezing has started Usually the copper may super cool by an amount approximately 1 C or more before the start of freez ing Take the working thermometer out of the furnace and put the ther mometer or thermocouple to be calibrated into the furnace Meanwhile maintain the temperature of the furnace at a temperature between 0 5 and 1 0 C lower than the freezing point 3 Initiating the Freeze and Making Measurements The freezing curve usu ally lasts more than 4 hours and the temperature in the first half of the freezing curve is usually stable within 0 2 mK or 0 3 mK If the tempera ture of the furnace is closer to the freezing point a longer freezing point can be obtained A freezing curve longer than 10 hours or more is not difficult to obtain if the temperature of the furnace is carefully controlled The
60. vely 47 9116 Furnace User s Guide 3 Retrieve the offset adjustments from the unit CE1 CE2 and CE3 4 Calculate the new CE1 CE2 and CE3 offset adjustments using the fol lowing formula Tm n CT n CE n CE m Where Tm n The measured temperature CT n The set point temperature CE n The old value for the offset adjustment CE m The new value for the offset adjustment n 1 2 or 3 m 1 2 or 3 5 Enter new CE m values in the calibration parameter menu using either the keypad or through the serial port 6 Repeat steps 2 through 5 if required accuracy is not obtained 48 10 Freeze Point Realization General 10 10 1 10 2 Freeze Point Realization General This discussion assumes SPRT calibrations at the copper point Other freeze points are similar Successful copper point realization requires a cell of the following specifications e The purity of copper 99 9999 e The reproducibility 5 mK e The expanded uncertainty 30 mK e The outer diameter of the cell 48 mm The expanded uncertainty was evaluated at the level of two standard deviations 95 confidence Installing the Metal Freeze Point Cell A metal freeze point cell must always be handled with extreme care due to its high value and fragility It must also be kept free of any foreign material such as finger oils Alkaline from these oils cause devitrification or physical break down of the quartz shell Handle the cell wit
61. zone from heat loss out the ends hence reducing the longitudinal temperature gradient It is important to minimize this gradient to promote an even freeze throughout the freeze point cell which in turn maximizes the duration of the freeze 20 5 Parts and Controls Furnace Core lt Thermocouple E Figure 6 Furnace Core Diagram Top Well Refelector Perforated Access Plug Control and Cut out Thermocouples Top Zone Thermocouple not shown Duraboard Support Ring Heater Liner Lid Fixed Point Basket Lid Heater Block Top Center Bottom Zone heaters Bottom Zone Thermocouple Metal Freeze Point Cell Basket and Cover Metal Freeze Point Cell Cermic Fiber Insulation Insulation Cushion Heater Liner Lower Support Heater Liner Assembly 21 9116 Furnace User s Guide 22 5 2 2 5 2 3 5 2 3 1 5 2 3 2 5 2 3 3 5 3 Heater Liner The heater liner is an inconel core which acts as a thermal conductor between the heater and the freeze point cell and basket The heater liner also helps to re duce vertical gradients Control Sensors A three zone control system requires several sensors to maintain temperature control All of the sensors are in alumina sheaths and inserted into the furnace core just under the top cover of the furnace This scheme allows the sensors to

9116 Users Guide 5B2..

Contents

Download Pdf Manuals

Related Search

Related Contents