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PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System

1. 42 Window EE 44 HN n E E O 44 PGI Systemi E 45 ee 45 Iroupe dere EE 45 CAUTION NT 45 PA CIS ELO ME Treo RI TC 46 ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 2 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PT690 Vibration Data Collector Introduction Introduction PT690 system consists of PT690 DC data collector and PCM690LT analysis software ProvibTech provides a cost effective yet feature rich solution in machine condition monitoring The PT690 is ideal for large plants which require several vibration data collectors and or for plants with a limited budget in condition monitoring PT690 DC will collect and store waveform spectrum overall vibration and alarm status of each point in a route It also processes the information and displays the measurement point ID the last measurement data the overall vibration and the alarm status With the PT690 a user has the ability to manually enter process variables which are then recorded by the PT690 With advanced digital processing this smart measurement is available to display acceleration velocity and displacement simultaneously It is simple to use any field service personnel can use the PT690 DC with little or no training Once the collected data from the PT690 is up loaded to the PCM690 analysis software one may analyze the machine condition with alarm list spectr
2. ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 32 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Analysis Menu Waveform Plot Waveform plot is a type of plots which presents or displays the function relation between instantaneous amplitude of signal and time In a waveform plot the X axis represents time domain and the Y axis represents amplitude Compare the waveform plot with the pasted to analyze the variational trend of the amplitude Choose a piece under a point right hand the user view and then click Analysis gt Waveform Plot or click L on the toolbar The waveform plot is below Machine Train Machine Point A Collection Time07 04 30 14 09 14 0 Vaveform Plot 4 0 2 0 2 0 4 0 0 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 s Waveform plot PK Measure Value XChannel 1 37238 g Spectrum Plot Spectrum plot is an XY plot in which the X axis represents vibration frequency and the Y axis represents vibration amplitude Choose a piece under a point right hand the user view and then click Analysis gt Spectrum Plot or click lu on the toolbar The spectrum plot is below ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com EN PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Machine Train Machine Point A Collection Time0 7 04 30 14 09 14 0 Spectrum Plot 125 250 375 500 625 Hz Spectrum plot PK Me
3. 4 In normal operation condition each charge will maintain PT690 DC operation for about 12 hours PT690 DC Operation Download Routing 1 You must download routing information before using it 2 Run PCM690LT software and make sure that PT690 DC is connected with your computer and turned on 3 Following the steps See below v For a new PT690 Device first connecting to the upper computer following window will appear Hessaze Succeed in connecting PT6S80 Device 2 v For a PT690 Device connecting to the upper computer the points information in upper computer has changed following window will appear E ml ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 10 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Hessaze Succeed in connecting PTA90 Device 2 Information about measurement points haz changed please download it again CAUTION the point s information contains point s number points parameters setup trains setup machines setup v And for a PT690 Device connecting to the upper computer point s information hasn t changed but new data is collected to upload following window appears Hessaze Succeed in connecting PT6 90 Device 2 There are 6 new data to upload a Select Communication gt Download measurement point parameter to download updated measurement point information to PT690 DC b Click Comm
4. PCE6SOLT ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 21 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Machine Management Click Setup gt Machine Management to open Machine Management window BIOK IC ETT tee Machine List Train Add a new machine Choose a machine train first and then click Add to open Add Machine window Add Hachine Machine Name 1 31 characters Ficture Path Choose Picture Y Machine Name enter the new machine name v Picture Path choose a picture bmp for this new machine Click Choose Picture and choose the picture path for the new machine Finally Click OK to save the operation CAUTION v Maximum 128 machines are allowed under a PT690 DC v Pictures only by bmp format are allowed Modify machine information Choose name of the machine to be modified and click Modify to open Modify Machine window ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 22 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System hb Machine Machine Name 1 31 characters Picture Path Choose Picture v Rename this machine or appoint a new picture bmp for this machine v Click OK to save this operation Delete a machine Choose name of the machine to be deleted and then click Delete Finally click Yes in following
5. If connection correct and there is new data to upload a window below will pop up and Communication gt Upload Data will be enabled Succeed in connecting PTA90 Dewice 2 There are 5 new data to upload 3 You can upload new data to your computer by clicking this command CAUTION v Donotoperate PT690 DC when it is downloading from upper computer v Aslong as PT690 DC communicates with the upper computer downloading or uploading the display TRANSFERRING DATA will always appear At this time customer can not operate PT690 DC Customers should disconnect the cable between PT690DC and upper computer if want to operate PT690 DC View Measurement Result The same as Select the measurement point from Route after selecting the point and if this point has already completed measurement screen will display the results ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 12 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PCM690LT Software Operation PCM690LT features Basic Analysis Route Running status on machine image Trend plot Alarm list Overall vibration list Advanced Analysis Waveform plot Spectrum plot Spectrum with standard waveform e e a e NS e NS NS WS Ge Waterfall plot Functions Marker Zoom Harmonics Sideband Works with multiple data collectors Print System configur
6. PT690 System Maintenance Accessories v TMO782A Accelerometer v PT690 case PT690 system carrying case v PT600 TP Accelerometer tip 50mm v PT600 MG Magnet for accelerometer v PT690 CB1 Cable for data collector and computer v PT690 CB2 Cable for data collector and accelerometer v PT690 CB3 Cable for data collector and BNC port v PT690 BATT Rechargeable battery v PT690 PWR Power converter v PT690 DC CASE PT690 DC case v PT690 USR User manual v PT690 PC Laptop PC configured for PT690 Troubleshooting PT690 DC can not be turned on 1 Charge the battery for 8 hours Then try to turn on PT690 DC 2 With the external power attached try to turn on PT690 DC No communication between PT690 DC and PC 1 PT690 DC turned on with backlight 2 Cable PT690CB 1 is OK No data collected with PT690 DC and the sensor 1 Sensor is bad 2 Cable is broken CAUTION 1 Do not operate PT690 DC when it is communicating uploading or downloading with the upper computer 2 As long as PT690 DC communicates with the upper computer the display TRANSFERRING DATA will always appear At this time customer can not operate PT690 DC Customers should disconnect the cable between PI690DC and upper computer if want to operate PT690 DC ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 45 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Appendix
7. The latter is cross coupled stiffness tangential force component Quadrature dynamic stiffness acts perpendicularly to the applied force 90 degrees out of phase Eccentricity Mechanical The variation of the outer diameter of a shaft surface when referenced to the true geometric centerline of the shaft Out of roundness See Mechanical Runout Eccentricity Peak to Peak The measurement of shaft bow at slow roll speed The shaft bow may be due to 1 fixed mechanical bow 2 temporary thermal bow or 3 temporary bow due to any sort of sag or bow at rest sometimes called gravity bow Eccentricity Ratio Average ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 53 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A dimensionless quantity representing the average position of the shaft within the bearing or seal The average eccentricity ratio obtained by dividing the distance between the average position of the shaft centerline and the bearing seal centerline by the radial clearance can vary between zero and one Zero represents the shaft concentric with the bearing seal and one represents the shaft in contact with the bearing seal A trend of decreasing eccentricity ratio can indicate a potential stability problem See Rotor Position Angle and Attitude Angle Eccentricity Ratio Dynamic A dimensionless quantity representing the instantaneous position
8. line1 and line 2 will display point name by format of point ID machine train machine measurement point Line3 indicates measure value and line4 displays alarm status v The display will first show the full name of the routing point and then shrink into two lines v fthis is not the first measurement when you just turn to this measurement point you will see an indication of the last measurement for 2 seconds and then ready for this measurement v For vibration that over the alarms set point alert will show as A and danger will show a D on line 4 after the measurement Backlight and Power v PT690 DC will shut down the backlight in two minutes after no user action User can activate the backlight by pressing any numerical key v PT690 DC will automatically turn off in three minutes after no user action v Communication with the computer PT690 DC must be turned on with backlight otherwise it will display Connection error ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 9 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PT690 DC Data Collector Operation Charge PT690 DC 1 First time to use PT690 DC charge the battery for 8 hours 2 Press ON OFF button to operate PT690 DC 3 Charging indication If screen displays use it before charged up it indicates that the rechargeable battery needs to be charged If power is low PT690 DC will stop working
9. points are set independently for maximum and minimum values of both amplitude and phase Acceptance Region information is the most important indicator of a shaft crack Aero derivative Aircraft jet engines that have been adapted and modified for industrial use Aliasing False frequency components caused by sampling a dynamic signal at too low a sampling frequency The sampling frequency must be at least twice the highest frequency of interest or the highest frequency component in the signal This effect can be eliminated by adjusting the sampling frequency or using a low pass filter on the signal prior to sampling anti aliasing The primary disadvantage of anti aliasing as is the case with virtually any type of filtering is that phase and amplitude errors are incurred Alignment The positioning of machine components bearings rotors casing foundation piping etc with respect to each other for efficient transfer of power Various alignment requirements utilize different techniques of cold ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 46 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System and hot machine measurement including optical mechanical dial indicators electronic proximity probes and laser Amplification Factor Non synchronous A measure of the susceptibility of a rotor system vibration response to a non synchronous harmonic exciting for
10. window to delete all information about this machine from PCM690LT software PCEBBULT E 4 1 Confirm to delete this machine ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 23 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Measure Point Management Click Setup gt Measure Point Management to open Measurement Point Management window Heasurement Point Management Measurement Point List Machine Point Acc Point Vel Point Dis Point Hand Input Add a new measurement point Choose a machine under some machine train in the list and then click Add to add a new point Add Heasurement Point Measurement Point Name Full Scale Range Setup 1 31 characters Full Scale High 20 g Picture Path Choose Picture Full Scale Low D o g Measurement Point Type ecc sl Measurement Type e Spectrum Resolution 400 Sampling Frequency o Work Frequency 3000 RPM Sensitivity 100 Alarm Range Setup Danger High Alert High Alert Low Danger Low corce Yv Measurement Point Name Name for this new point v Picture Path Choose a picture bmp for this point Click Choose Picture to select the picture path v Measurement Point Type Choose measurement type of the transducer located on this point Acc Acceleration Vel From Acc from Acceleration to Velocity Dis From Acc from Acceleration to displacement
11. 20 log V1 V2 Difference Analysis A method for evaluating the change in a measurement variable Two sets of data are collected at different points in time or under different conditions and are subtracted from each other Differential Expansion The measurement of the axial position of the rotor with respect to the machine casing at some distance from the thrust bearing Changes in axial rotor position relative to the casing affect axial clearances and are usually the result of thermal expansion during startup and shutdown The measurement is typically made with a proximity probe transducer mounted to the machine casing and observing an axial surface e g collar of the rotor The measurement is usually incorporated as part of a TSI system Differential Phase A technique which measures the phase difference between vibration signals of a chosen single frequency at different longitudinal locations on a rotor system It is used for location of the source of instability The vibration signal whose phase leads all others usually indicates the transducer location closest to the source of the instability Direct Data Data or a signal which represents the original transducer signal Sometimes called unfiltered raw all pass or overall data or signal Displacement The change in distance or position of an object relative to a reference Machinery vibration displacement is typically a peak to peak measurement of the observed vibra
12. Following the steps Step1 Click Edit gt Edit Picture to mark it 73 PCNGSULT PT690 DC User View li K SE D Step2 Choose a picture and left press the mouse to drag this picture to a proper location in the view region Step3 Repeat Step2 until all pictures are moved to a proper location Supposing that we had moved pictures to the location described in the following picture Step4 Link machine and machine with a line Right click picture of Machine2 a menu will pop up ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 28 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Click Link Machine command and then click picture of Machine After you did that a line connects Machine2 to Machine1 appears LU Ba If you want cancel the line between Machine1 and Machine2 you can do the following operation Right click picture of Machine2 again and you will see command Link Machine ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 29 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Link Machine Click this command and finally click the location which is beyond the region of picture Machine and Machine2 just click blank place in the view HA L After you did that the line between Machine2 and Machine1 will disappear Step5 Link points with relative mac
13. I Glossary Absolute Vibration Vibration of an object as measured relative to an inertial fixed reference frame Accelerometers and velocity transducers measure absolute vibration typically of machine housings or structures thus they are referred to as seismic transducers or inertial transducers Acceleration The time rate of change of velocity For harmonic motion this is often expressed as g or a Typical units for acceleration are feet per second per second ft s2 meters per second per second m s2 or more commonly g where g acceleration of earth s gravity 386 1 in s2 32 17 ft s2 9 81 m s2 Acceleration measurements are generally made with piezoelectric accelerometers and are typically used to evaluate high frequency machine casing or bearing housing response characteristics Accelerometer An accelerometer is an inertial transducer which converts the acceleration characteristic of vibration into a proportional electric signal Acceptance Region Trend information of the 1X or 2X vibration vectors amplitude and phase lag angle presented in polar format or the shaft average centerline position in Cartesian format The user defines the normal Acceptance Region for each shaft radial vibration or position measurement on the machine based on historical data for the machine under all normal operating conditions Some systems provide hardware and or software alarm Alert and Danger set point capability Alarm set
14. In relation to transducers the direction of output signal change positive or negative caused by motion toward or away from the transducer in its sensitive axis Convention is that motion toward the transducer will produce a positive signal change Polar Format A graphical format consisting of a center reference point surrounded by concentric circles Vector information is graphed on this format by plotting magnitude vibration amplitude as the length of a radial line and phase vibration phase lag angle as the clock position of the line Polar Plot Polar format presentation of the locus of the 1X or 2X shaft vibration vector from a single channel as a function of shaft rotative speed The Polar Plot is generated by in phase and quadrature signals usually during machine startup or coast down transient operation This plot is sometimes incorrectly called a Nyquist Plot Preload A unidirectional radial side load due to external or internal mechanisms Categorized as a soft or hard preload A soft preload may shift in direction or magnitude and can act to stabilize or destabilize the dynamic condition of the machine A hard preload is usually fixed and acts to stabilize Prime Spike In the study of rolling element bearings a frequency range which encompasses as a minimum the primary bearing fault frequencies and harmonics Probe Gap ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibte
15. ProvibTech Innovative Machine Monitoring PT690 Vibration Data Collector User Manual Installation Operation Maintenance ProvibTech 11011 Brooklet Dr Ste 360 Houston TX 77099 USA Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 Email pvt provibtech com Web www provibtech com PT690 USR B 6 Copyright 2007 by ProvibTech PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Table of Content ET690 Vibration Data Collector IntroductlQli esee user ERU IEEE Rd pete ester pe bor prete ea inae ree Ehe 3 reiege et TQ ORC 3 SEENEN 4 Ee 4 tee 5 Software EENEG 6 PT690 DC Data Collector Installanon nnn nnn nnnnnnnn nnns snn n nnn ense sein ennt nes ssa earn r essa annees 7 ee irarum o D Dmm 7 By E R E E E 8 PT690 DC Data Collector ODeOFatIOHl E 10 Charre P E0210 E 10 IgE oU EIERE TET Do Ee 10 View Measurement ST T mE 12 zelo E an aie Oe IUE T TU m m 13 ia See eg CU NORTE nm 13 SoftWare Installand C BIBstallss sce sepeso scope dasiaibR tuo RIMMI Gu Qus SS reu dx T a ANN HquOD D CIERRE S SUR D S PK S quM 13 GEET 16 EE 16 GEET 19 SUE IVS 107 NN RR Ee 20 ae Er R 26 s e rM OTT MER E E 2j PIED N NANI 33 ba Au mTT 37 Communication Ment ROO
16. ProvibTech s ROMIS product offerings include on line and periodic monitoring systems and diagnostic instruments systems which provide information for operations personnel plant engineers and rotating machinery specialists including overall values trends correlation of performance related variables steady state dynamic data and transient dynamic data ROMIS is applicable to transducer and monitoring systems diagnostics and test equipment and services Root Mean Square RMS Square root of the arithmetic average of a set of squared instantaneous values Used as a measure of amplitude rms equals 0 707 x peak sine wave only 0 707 1 squareroot 2 See Amplitude Rotor Position Angle The angle between an arbitrary reference through the center of a bearing typically vertical down in a horizontal machine and the line connecting the bearing and shaft centers measured in the direction of rotor rotation Used to indicate the presence of abnormal preloads on a machine but NOT the stability of the rotor bearing system See Attitude Angle Rotor Vibration Region As applied to the study of rolling element bearings using either bearing housing transducers or the ProvibTech REBAM system a low pass frequency range which includes vibration signals of the principal frequency components due to rotor rolling element defects but excludes any significant frequency ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibte
17. another quantity The second quantity often has units of measure different from the first and serves as the source of a useful signal Vibration transducers convert mechanical motion into a proportional electronic signal typically a voltage proportional signal Transient Data Data static and or dynamic acquired under transient machine conditions startup and coast down Transient Dynamic Data Dynamic data acquired under transient machine conditions Typical transient dynamic data presentations include Polar Bode and Cascade See Dynamic Data and Transient Data Transient Static Data Static data acquired under transient machine conditions See Static Data and Transient Data Transient Vibration The temporarily sustained vibration of a mechanical system It may consist of forced or free vibration or both Usually transient vibration is associated with instantaneous changes in machine condition such as speed load etc Trend Data The periodic recording storage of static and or dynamic data for the purpose of observing changes as a function of time Trend data is the most fundamental level of information in any predictive maintenance program Trend Interval ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 70 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System The time period between consecutive data points on a Trend Plot Trend Period The compl
18. is used to describe a shaft rotative speed equal to a rotor system natural frequency This is more correctly called a balance resonance speed Critical Speed Map An XY Cartesian diagram used in rotating machinery design as a tool to approximate the effect of changes in bearings supports and pedestal designs on system natural frequencies The X axis represents bearing stiffness and the Y axis represents rotor system natural frequency Cross Axis Sensitivity The ratio of change in the signal output to an incremental change in the input along any axis perpendicular to the sensitive axis of an inertial seismic transducer Cross Talk Interference or noise in a transducer signal or channel which originates in another transducer or channel When using proximity probes cross talk can occur when the tips of two or more probes are too close together The interaction of the probes electromagnetic fields causes a noise component in each of the transducers output signals The frequency of the noise component is the difference beat frequency of the two proximate oscillator frequencies Cycle One complete sequence of values of a periodic quantity Decibels ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 51 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A numerical expression of the ratio of the power or voltage levels of electrical signals dB 10 log P1 P2
19. machine bearing s or housing See Relative Transducer Q Filter Filter selectivity i e the relative band of frequencies passed or rejected by the filter The narrower the band of frequencies the higher the Q and the broader the band the lower the Q This is computed by Q fc delta f where fc is the center frequency and delta f is the bandwidth of the filter at the 3dB points Q Machine Derived from Q Filter Used to describe the synchronous amplification factor of a rotor system See Synchronous Amplification Factor Radial A direction on a machine which is perpendicular to the shaft centerline in the XY plane usually refers to direction of shaft lateral or casing motion or measurement Radial Vibration Shaft dynamic motion or casing vibration which is measured in a direction perpendicular to the shaft axis Raster Plot ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 63 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A type of Cascade or Waterfall plot usually with a skewed Y axis so that the plot has an isometric appearance Real Time Analyzer A term used to describe an instrument which displays a vibration frequency spectrum REBAM An acronym for Rolling Element Bearing Activity Monitor which is a ProvibTech method and system for monitoring and analyzing the performance of rolling element bearings using eddy current transducers an
20. of a tangential force which depends on actual shaft rotative speed See Dynamic Stiffness Quadrature Amplitude The magnitude of periodic dynamic motion vibration Amplitude is typically expressed in terms of signal level e g millivolts or milliamps or the engineering units of the measured variable e g mils micrometres for displacement inches per second for velocity etc The amplitude of a signal can be measured in terms of peak to peak zero to peak root mean square or average Amplitude and Phase Versus Time APHT An acronym used to describe the trend plot of plot vibration amplitude and phase data This data may be presented in both Cartesian and polar formats Commonly used for 1X 2X and nX vibration data Anti aliasing Filter A low pass filter which is used to eliminate false frequency components from the spectrum of a digitally sampled signal See Aliasing Anti Swirl ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 47 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A technique used in fluid handling machines to decrease or prevent the development of fluid circumferential flow around the rotor in bearings and seals and to improve rotor stability Asynchronous or Non synchronous Vibration frequency component which is different than shaft rotative speed Sometimes used to mean any vibration frequency which is not an integer multi
21. of cycles per second Hertz or cycles per minute to more easily relate to shaft rotative speed frequency In fact since many common machine malfunctions produce vibration which has a fixed relationship to shaft rotative speed vibration frequency is often expressed as a function of shaft rotative speed 1Xis a vibration with a frequency equal to shaft rpm 2X vibration is twice shaft rpm 0 5X is a frequency equal to one half shaft rpm etc Frequency Component The amplitude frequency and phase characteristics of a component of a dynamic signal Frequency Response ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 55 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System The measured amplitude and phase response characteristics of a mechanical or electronic system with respect to frequency 9 The value of acceleration yielded by the force of earth s gravity which varies somewhat with latitude and elevation By international agreement 9 8 m s2 386 in s2 32 17 ft s2 has been chosen as the standard acceleration due to gravity Gear Mesh Frequency A potential vibration frequency on any machine which contains gears It equals the number of gear teeth times shaft rotative speed Harmonics A series of vibration signal components whose frequencies are integer multiples of the fundamental or lowest frequency vibration component Harmonic Vibration
22. stiffness of a rotor system This methodology can be applied for identification of nonlinear non symmetric and discontinuous systems A gong test impulse test may yield some basic simple data A unidirectional swept sine perturbation applied to the support system is an improvement over the gong test Swept sine input to the rotor by a known displacement is another improvement but the readout must be the response force vector which is very difficult to instrument accurately ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 61 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Phase Lag Angle The timing relationship in degrees between two vibration signals or a Keyphasor pulse and a vibration signal also the phase difference between two signals such as the input force signal and output response signal The lag corresponds to minus in mathematical formulations Piezoelectric Any material which provides a conversion between mechanical and electrical energy For a piezoelectric crystal if mechanical stresses are applied on two opposite faces electrical charges appear on another pair of faces Plant Summary Report Information available from on line computerized monitoring systems typically representing the status of all measured variables monitors alarms and trends for a user defined time period usually the previous work shift or 24 hours Polarity
23. this button to start data collection v AVD Press this button to switch to the smart AVD Smart AVD is a type of measurement point which is special for PT690 DC and pre defined Smart AVD is used to measure acceleration velocity displacement Smart AVD is displayed by default when PT690 DC is turned on If customer chooses the smart AVD and presses M PT690 DC will connect data continuously unless customer switches to another measurement point PT690 DC won t stop collection until you press M again v Up Press this button to switch to the previous measurement point v Down Press this button to switch to the next measurement point v ON OFF Press this button to turn on or turn off PT690 DC v ID Press this button to input ID of some measurement point Press OK and after it PT690 DC will switch to this measurement point It s convenient for you to view information of this measurement point v OK Confirm current operation for measurement points Y Positive Minus Sign Positive sign and minus sign input v Dot Sign Dot Sign input V 0 1 9 Numeric input ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 8 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System 4 Lines Display v Smart AVD line1 displays measurement point name while line1 line2 and line3 respectively display measure value of acceleration velocity and displacement v Normal routing measurement point
24. Hz v Measurement Range Acceleration pk or RMS 0 20g Velocity pk or RMS 0 100 mm sec 0 4 in sec Displacement pk pk 0 2 000 um 0 80 mil Process Variable Hand input Peak and pk pk are RMS converted v Waveform and Spectrum ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 4 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Collect and store 1 000 data for each point 400 lines of resolution in spectrum v Route 64 maximum PT690 DC 500 maximum measurement points Route can be configured to three hierarchy layers with Machine Train Machine and point Each point can be configured to measure acceleration velocity and displacement or have a hand input Manual hand input can be any number such as thrust position or process variable Each point has its own point ID with up to 12 letters or number v Alarms Dual alarms for each point Y Display LCD 128 64 with blue backlight 4 lines 18 letters PT690 DC will display point ID last measurement data current measurement data unit Alarm status and battery status v Power Converter 90 250 VAC DW v Battery Li H rechargeable battery 1100mAH v Measurement Error 5 v Data transfer Once the data collector receives the machine route and point configuration information it uploads the last measured data to the host PC for in depth analysis and data storage v Memory RAM 10Mb ROM Flash 10Mb
25. SXChannel 2 36813 g S ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 41 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Communication Menu Scan Device Click Communication gt Scan Device and you will see following window Hessare Scanning PT5BS Device Ensure that v PT690 DC has well connected with the upper computer v PT690DC has turned on Following windows may appear v Succeed in communicating with the PT690 DC EIS succeed in connecting PTA90 Device 7 v Succeed in Communicating with the PT690 DC and new data is collected succeed in connecting PTA90 Device 7 There are 6 new data to upload ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 42 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System v Succeed in communicating with the PT690 DC and data in PCM690LT software has changed Hessaze Succeed in connecting PTA90 Dewice Information about measurement points haz changed please download it again Download measurement point parameter If data in PCM690LT software has changed you should re download the data to PT690 DC Just click Communication gt Download measurement point parameter to complete it Upload Data If there is new data in PT690 DC you should upload the data to the upper computer Just click Communication gt Upload Data to complete
26. Sinusoidal vibration with a single frequency component Heavy Spot A term used to describe the position of imbalance It is the angular location of the imbalance vector the summation of the mass imbalance distribution at a specific lateral location in one plane on a rotor See High Spot Hertz Hz Unit of frequency measurement in cycles per second High Frequency For purposes of studying rolling element bearings a frequency range typically above 5 kHz used to measure the very high vibration frequencies associated with microscopic faults in bearing components While this technique may provide the earliest warning of impending bearing failure for some types of bearing faults there are several other machine malfunctions which can produce vibrations in this range e g cavitation rubs etc In addition the high frequency measurement technique sometimes provides warnings too early long before any maintenance bearing replacement needs to be considered High Pass Filter A filter having a single transmission band extending from some finite lower corner frequency defined as the point where amplitude is attenuated by 3 dB to infinite frequency or the upper frequency response limit of the transducer or instrument High Spot ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 56 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System The term used to describe t
27. a Poimt d Aart B s ig ap Cils n at EE E eee 6 Michie Dieii Machi se Poles an Aber L Ire ag ug g f Bd d 3 4 dd B Bashima Traian Mahle Pie bert data ag dg J86T 84718 14 Bd SL B Waskika TuaiuclashiuasPuialsds bier i ee i 3g ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 36 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System View Menu Toolbar and Status Bar Toolbar Gi TT a S des II j La hx lx c In dg 2 2 Sd S u tx pi e BA jan o dir IMT wm JA Je dj i dg gd d d ID C de db ds dd Di UN 17 18 UI fe 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Open database Backup database Restore database Switch device User view Edit picture information View waveform plot View spectrum plot View overall vibration graph View 1X shaft XY vibration graph View 2X shaft XY vibration graph View plots painted by standard data View frequency multiply information in one spectrum plot View side band information in one spectrum plot View waterfall plot View alarm list y J y y 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Plots zoom in 9 i l l l l i l i Plots Restore 10 11 12 13 14 15 View trend plot 16 17 18 19 20 20 View information about copyright and version information of PCM690LT software Status Bar Managing device information Display or
28. a non zero lower corner frequency to a finite upper corner frequency The corner frequencies are the frequencies on either side of the center frequency where the amplitude is attenuated by 3dB At the center frequency the signal amplitude is not attenuated Bandwidth The span between the corner frequencies of a band pass filter Normally expressed in terms of frequency for constant bandwidth filters and as a percent of the center frequency for constant percentage constant Q fillers See Band Pass Filter Blade Passing Frequency A potential vibration frequency on any bladed machine turbine axial compressor fan propeller etc It equals the number of blades on a disk or stage times shaft rotative speed Bode Plot A pair of graphs in Cartesian format displaying the 1X vibration vector phase and amplitude response as a function of shaft rotative speed The Y axis of the top graph represents 1X phase lag angle while the Y axis of the bottom graph represents 1X amplitude The common X axis represents shaft rotative speed Sometimes called an imbalance response plot Also used for 2X 3X ETC Vibration response vectors Bow A shaft condition such that the geometric shaft centerline is not straight Usually the centerline is bent in a single plane due to gravity sag thermal warpage etc however the bow may be three dimensional corkscrew Shaft bow can be detected by measuring the shaft relative displacement with a prox
29. and Hand Input For Hand Input point you can not view the waveform plot spectrum plot and trend plot Measurement Type Choose type of the measurement value PK PK PK and RMS opectrum Resolution Appointed by PCM690LT software The default is 400 Sampling Frequency Appointed by PCM690LT software The default is 2000 Work Frequency The actual work frequency of the machine train It is appointed by Ss s Se S customer ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 24 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System v Sensitivity Sensitivity of the transducer located on this point The value is given by the factory which provides this transducer v Full Scale Range Two levels full scale high and full scale low v Alarm Range Four levels Danger High Alert High Alert Low and Danger Low CAUTION v Maximum 500 measurement points are allowed under a PT690 DC Modify information of measurement point Choose name of the point to be modified and then click Modify to open Modify Measurement Point window Hodify Measurement Point Measurement Point Name Point Acc Full Scale Range Setup 1 31 characters Full Scale High 10 g Picture Path Choose Picture Full Scale Low fo g Measurement Point Type 1 Alarm Range Setup Measurement Type Danger High Spectrum Resolution Alert High Sampling Frequency Alert Low Work Frequen
30. ase If the database is damaged by some unpredictable factors when you are running PCM690LT software and you had backup this database before then you can restore the database by clicking File 2 Restore Database Select this command and choose the path of the restored database then the database will be copied to the directory in which the damaged database is saved For example if the database you backup is in directory of E and the target path is C PCM690 you should choose the path as E Vibrate And the file Vibrate in path of EX will be copied to the target path and replace the damaged one Print Print Preview and Print Setup Print Setup Click File gt Print Setup to setup the property of the printer and paper Print Preview Click File gt Print Preview to preview the graphs or sheets you are going to print ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 26 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Print Click File Print to print the current graph or sheet Edit Menu Rename and Delete Hight click a node in the tree view the node can be a train a machine or a point and then the relative menu will pop up Rename Rename Rename Delete Del Delete Del Delete Del Delete Point Data Trend Flat Waterfall Plot Alarm List Alarm List Alarm List Y Rename Click Rename in above menu or click Edit gt Rename menu to app
31. asure Value XChannel 1 37238 g Shaft XY Vibration Graph Overall Overall vibration graph presents the correspondence relations on the amplitude of channel X and channel Y Measurement points which have the dual channels are allowed to show the overall vibration graph The X axis represents the amplitude of channel X and then Y axis represents the amplitude of channel Y Future Release Shaft XY Vibration Graph 1x 1X In a complex vibration signal notation for the signal component that occurs at the rotative speed frequency also called synchronous 1X Shaft XY vibration graph is a type of overall vibration graph in which the vibration frequency equals to the components of shaft rotation speed Future Release Shaft XY Vibration Graph 2x 2X In a complex vibration signal notation for signal components having frequencies equal to exact two times of shaft rotative speed also called harmonic 2X Shaft XY vibration graph is a type of overall vibration graph in which the vibration graph equals to exact two times of shaft rotative speed Future Release ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 34 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Trend Plot Trend plot presents a relation with the measured variable versus time in Cartesian format or polar format The X axis of trend plot in Cartesian format represents the time domain and the Y axis represents vi
32. ation Se amp Se amp NS amp 00 English or metric unit Operation System v Windows 2000 or Windows XP Software Install and Uninstall Installation Put the installation CD into CD driver supposing that the CD driver is G and then double click file of Setup exe in directory of G to start this installation programme 1 Show welcome information Click Next to continue ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 13 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PCN690LTI Setup Welcome to the InstallShield Wizard for PCM6S0LT The InstallShield Wizard will install PEMESOLT on your computer To continue click Next 2 PCHE6S0LT Setup Choose Destination Location Select folder where Setup will install files Setup will install PEMESOLT in the following folder To install to this folder click Next To install to a different folder click Browse and select another folder r Destination Folder C Program FilessProvibT ech PCM690 Browse i Cancel 3 Click Next to continue the installation process If you see Locked File Detected window mark the check box Don t display this message again and then click Ignore to continue Locked File Detected An option you selected requires that files be installed to or uninstalled from your system or bath A locked file CAWINDOW S systense smfe42 dl was found while performing th
33. ave a finite lower frequency response above zero dc Hertz They capture dynamic data above the lower response frequency but not the average shaft position data dc voltage which is available from a proximity probe signal Modulation Frequency FM The process whereby variation in the amplitude of a vibration signal results in a variation a carrier frequency FM tape recordings have a low frequency response down to dc zero Hertz This allows recording of proximity probe dc gap voltages which represent average shaft position Narf Acronym for Natural Axial Resonant Frequency usually refers to axially compliant couplings Natural Frequency The frequency of free vibration of a system The frequency at which a lightly damped system will oscillate upon momentary displacement from its steady position by a transient force The natural frequencies of a multiple degree of freedom system are the frequencies of the normal modes of vibration See Resonance Nodal Point Node A point of minimum or zero shaft deflection in a specific mode shape May readily change location along the shaft axis due to changes in residual imbalance or other forcing functions or due to changes in dynamic stiffness such as increased bearing clearance This is often a location of minimum shaft absolute displacement Vibration immediately on each side of the node is 180 degrees out of phase See Pivotal Conical Diagram under Mode Shape ProvibTech Phon
34. bes observe exposed shaft areas or targets on the machine casing from brackets through which water circulates This provides a thermally stable reference for the alignment measurement Communications Processor ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 50 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System An interface module used in an on line monitoring system to communicate data from the monitor rack to the computer ProvibTech Communications Processors include Dynamic Data Manager steady state static data and steady state dynamic data Transient Data Manager steady state transient static data and transient dynamic data and Process Data Manager process variable data Constant Bandwidth Filter A band pass filters having a fixed frequency bandwidth regardless of center frequency Constant Percentage Filter A band pass filters whose bandwidth is a fixed percentage of the center frequency Also called constant Q filter Critical Machinery That group of rotating equipment which is absolutely necessary to a major part of the plant process When critical machinery is not operating that part of the process is not operating Machines in this category are usually un spared and are typically monitored continuously Critical Speed s In general any shaft rotative speed which is associated with high dangerous level vibration amplitude Often critical speed
35. bration amplitude Choose a point on the tree view and then click Analysis Trend Plot or click on the toolbar The trend plot of this point is below Machine Train Machine Point A Trend Plot 0 2007 04 30 12 45 12 2007 04 30 1 4 06 28 Trend plot PK Waterfall Plot Waterfall plot is a graph in Cartesian format which presents amplitude versus frequency spectra at series time In a waterfall plot time and amplitude are usually presented on two separate vertical axes Frequency is measured on the horizontal X axis Choose a point on the tree view and then click Analysis gt Waterfall Plot or click LE on the toolbar The waterfall plot of this point is below Machine Train Machine PoinkA Watertall Plot Waterfall plot PK Max Value XChannel4 07347 g ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 35 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Alarm List Choose a node on the tree view this node can be a machine train a machine or a measurement point and then click Analysis gt Alarm List or click button on the toolbar The alarm list of a machine train a machine and a measurement point is below dTi Machine Train Alarm List MOS 3 18 05 Ass Tias E hansal Wmas mpm Sum Beurure Vales gar kg Batter Hi gk Mert Lee Danger Les KZ KREE HES Waskika Treinen la phi ne Tati sd LECTII i We ta d Eai i at P E 31 e 6 Bash
36. ce at a rotor system natural frequency Synchronous amplification factor differs from non synchronous amplification factor due to the existence of destabilizing tangential forces which depend on shaft rotative speed Athigh rotative speeds these destabilizing factors cause a decrease in system quadrature dynamic stiffness and result in a non synchronous amplification factor higher than the synchronous amplification factor Amplification Factor Synchronous A measure of the susceptibility of a rotor system vibration response to an imbalance related exciting force when shaft rotative speed is equal to a rotor system natural frequency A calculation technique is similar to measuring the Q of a filter the center frequency divided by the bandwidth i e the balance resonance speed divided by the difference between the speeds at the 3dB amplitude values Caution should be used when applying this latter method because of the potential mechanical abnormalities of machinery vibration response In general a high synchronous amplification factor indicates low system quadrature dynamic stiffness whereas a low amplification factor generally indicates high system quadrature dynamic stiffness Due to several factors amplification factor measured during machine startup is different from that measured during coast down Also called machine Q synchronous amplification factor differs from non synchronous amplification factor by an amount related to the existence
37. ch com www provibtech com 62 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System The physical distance between the face of a proximity probe tip and the observed surface The distance can be expressed in terms of displacement mils micrometres or in terms of voltage millivolts Standard polarity convention dictates that a decreasing gap results in an increasing less negative output signal Probe Specifically a proximity probe transducer although sometimes used to describe any transducer Probe Orientation The angular location of a probe with respect to a polar coordinate system when viewed from the driver end of the machine Typically zero degrees are at top dead center vertical or at the horizontal right 3 o clock position on the coordinate system Proximitor A ProvibTech signal conditioning device which sends a radio frequency signal to an eddy current proximity probe demodulates the probe output and provides output signals proportional to both the average and dynamic probe gap distances Also called an oscillator demodulator Proximitor is a ProvibTech registered trademark Proximity Probe A non contacting device which measures the displacement motion and position of an observed surface relative to the probe mounting location Typically proximity probes used for rotating machinery measurements operate on the eddy current principle and measure shaft displacement motion and position relative to the
38. ch com www provibtech com 65 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System components due to internal bearing defects Typically this frequency range is from one fourth times shaft rotative speed 1 4X to approximately three times shaft rotative speed RTD An acronym for Resistance Temperature Detector a sensor which measures temperature and change in temperature as a function of resistance RUB Machine malfunction consisting of contact between the rotating and stationary parts of a machine involving friction impacting and changes in system stiffness Runout Compensation Electronic correction of a transducer output signal for the error resulting from runout See Nulling Scale Factor The change in output per change in input sensitivity of a transducer Also the factor by which a signal must be increased or decreased to meet the input requirements of an instrument Seismic Transducer Any vibration transducer which measures the absolute vibration of an object Accelerometers and velocity transducers measure absolute vibration typically of machine housing or structures and thus are both referred to as seismic or inertial transducers Sensitivity The ratio of the change in the output to a change in the input A typical sensitivity for a proximity probe transducer is 200 millivolts per mil 7 84 volts per millimetre Shaft Average Centerline Plot Transient or trend plot of the shaft ave
39. cy Danger Low Sensitivity Cancel Delete a measurement point Choose name of the point to be deleted and then click Delete Finally click Yes in following window to delete all information about this point from PCM690LT software PCEGSULT E 4 l1 Confirm to delete this measurement point ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 25 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System File Menu Open Database Click File gt Open Database to choose a storage path of the pre defined database and open this database In PCM690LT software information about all PT690 DC devices trains machines points are saved in the database The name of this database in PCM690LT software is Vibrate and this name is defined by software and can not be changed by customers If you click Open Database and choose a directory E PCM690 Vibrate that s meaning you want to open Vibrate in directory of E PCM690 Customer can not change the database name And if the file is inexistent you will fail to open this Vibrate Backup Database Click File Backup Database and choose a path then you will save a file named Vibrate which notes information about all PT690 DC trains machines points under these devices in the path For example if you choose E PCM690LT as the backup path the database file named Vibrate will save in the directory of E PCM690LT Restore Datab
40. d Micro PROX Relative Vibration Vibration measured relative to a chosen reference Proximity probes measure shaft dynamic motion and position relative to the probe mounting usually the bearing or bearing housing Relative Transducer A proximity probe observing shaft motion relative to the probe mounting usually the bearing or bearing housing Repeatability The ability of a transducer or readout instrument to repeat measurements under the same conditions within narrow limits Precision is the measure of repeatability Resolution The smallest change in applied stimulus that will produce a detectable change in the instrument output Resonance The condition in which a forcing frequency coincides with a natural frequency of the system A resonance typically is identified by an amplitude peak accompanied by a maximum rate of change of phase lag angle See Balance Resonance Speed Rod Drop On a reciprocating compressor the measurement of the position change of the piston rod relative to a fixed reference point as the piston drops in the cylinder due to piston rider ring deterioration The position measurement can indicate either the average position of the rod over the full stroke or the instantaneous position of the rod at a specific point in the stroke Rod Drop Average Position On a reciprocating machine the measurement of the average position change of a piston rod over the full stroke of the piston relativ
41. e 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 59 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Noise Any component of a transducer signal which does not represent the variable intended to be measured Non symmetric Anisotropic Rotor A rotor whose cross section has two different geometric moments of inertia for example an elliptical cross section and or the supports have different stiffness characteristics in the horizontal and vertical directions See Symmetric Rotor Notch Filter A filter which has a single rejection band extending from a finite lower cutoff frequency greater than zero to a finite upper cutoff frequency Frequencies within the rejection band are eliminated or attenuated while frequencies outside the rejection band are retained The opposite of a band pass filter Nulling Subtraction of the shaft slow roll speed value for 1X electrical runout or mechanical runout vector component from the corresponding transducer signal nX vector component Nyquist Plot A type of graphical presentation in polar format used to evaluate the stability of an automatic control system This term should not be used to describe a similar polar presentation of machine vibration vector data See Polar Plot Octave A 2 to 1 ratio between two frequencies An octave higher than some frequency F is 2F an octave lower is one half F 1X In a complex vibration signal nota
42. e needed file operations To leave this file as itis on pour system click the Ignore button to retry the file operation click Heim or to perform the operation when your system i rebooted click Reboot 4 Click Next until the installation complete And then click Finish Select whether to restart your computer ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 14 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PCHE690LT Setup InstallShield Wizard Complete The InstallShield Wizard has successfully installed PCME6SOLT Before you can use the program you must restart your computer C Yes want to restart my computer now Remove any disks from their drives and then click Finish to complete setup Uninstall You can uninstall PCM690LT software in two ways below 1 Open Start All Programs PCM690 gt Uninstall to uninstall PCM690LT software Click OK in following window Confirm File Deletion Do you want ta completely remove the selected application and all of its components 2 Open the control panel double click command of Add Remove Programme Choose PCM690 from this page and then click Add Remove to uninstall this software ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 15 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Software Running and Exit Two methods to run PCM690LT soft
43. e to a fixed reference on the cylinder This measurement is usually achieved by evaluating the average dc gap voltage change of a proximity probe mounted to the fixed reference ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 64 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Rod Drop Instantaneous Position On a reciprocating machine the measurement of the position change of a piston rod at one specific event during the full stroke of the piston relative to a fixed reference of the cylinder This measurement is usually achieved by evaluating the instantaneous dc gap voltage change of a proximity probe mounted to the fixed reference Timing of the measurement is provided by a Keyphasor probe Rolling Element Bearing Antifriction Bearing A bearing which uses rolling elements rollers or balls to support the load of a rotating shaft and to minimize friction Rolloff The rate of attenuation of amplitude and phase with respect to frequencies above or below a certain point Thus a low pass filter is designed to provide amplitude and phase rolloff at high frequencies and a high pass filter is designed to provide rolloff at low frequencies Commonly rated in dB per octave Rolling Elements Components in a rolling element bearing generally rollers or balls which support the rotating load of a shaft ROMIS Rotating Machinery Information Systems and Services
44. e true value of the measured variable It is often expressed as relative error i e as a percent of the output reading of the transducer Essential Machinery That group of rotating equipment which is critical to part of the plant process When essential machinery is not operating the overall plant is not operating to full capacity Machines in this category can be spared or un spared and are typically monitored continuously Filter Electronic circuitry designed to pass or reject a specific frequency band of a signal ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 54 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Fluid Circumferential Average Velocity Ratio A dimensionless ratio of the average rate of rotation of a fluid in a bearing or seal clearance or in rotor to stator periphery in the direction of shaft rotation divided by shaft rotative speed Lambda times rotative speed is the angular velocity at which the fluid force rotates Sometimes this is used as the ratio of oil fluid whirl frequency to rotative frequency approximate value Fluid Induced Instabilities Rotor self excited lateral vibrations whirl and whip due to fluid solid interaction in bearings seals and other cylinder within a cylinder parts of a machine Whirl causes the shaft dynamic motion to be forward and circular or elliptical and at a frequency proportional to shaft rotati
45. eous amplitude of a signal as a function of time A vibration waveform can be observed on an oscilloscope in the time domain Torque A measure of the tendency of a force to cause rotation Equal to the force multiplied by the perpendicular distance between the line of action of the force and the center of rotation Torque Average The constant amplitude component of the moment force couple applied to a rotor in order to sustain rotational speed angular acceleration or load requirements ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 69 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Torque Dynamic The instantaneous amplitude of the time varying component of the moment applied to a rotor typically resulting from a variation in driving load or torque Torque Static The force times the perpendicular distance between the force s line of action and the center of rotation moment as applied to a structure non rotating Torsional Vibration Time variation of the angle of twist typically measured in tenths of degrees pp TorXimitorTM A ProvibTech non contacting signal conditioning device which senses strain and outputs a signal proportional to torque TorXimitorTM continuously measures dynamic as well as static torque TorXimitorTM is a trademark of ProvibTech Corporation Transducer A device for translating the magnitude of one quantity into
46. ess variable the set point will be a range with high and low set point If the overall is beyond this range alarm will be triggered v Only status of the most recent measured date will be displayed s A machine status will be the most severe status of its point v Amachine train status will be the most severe status of its machines ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 38 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Zoom in and Restore Zoom in When you are viewing a plot The plot can be a waveform plot a spectrum plot or a trend plot click Edit gt Zoom In or amp button on toolbar Finally move your mouse to select a rectangular region The plot in this region will Zoom in Above picture shows the original waveform plot before zooming in while below picture shows waveform plot which has zoomed in v After the magnification the plot can be dragged or move around to display other part of this plot v Just drag your mouse to complete it Restore Click View Restore or on toolbar to restore the magnified plot to its original size ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 39 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Frequency Multiply When you are viewing the spectrum plot click Edit gt Frequency Multiply or click lit on the to
47. ete time frame beginning to end of data of a Trend Plot Trend Plot A presentation in Cartesian format or polar format of a plot with the measured variable versus time Trigger Any event which can be used as a timing reference A trigger for an oscilloscope will initiate the sweep of the beam across the face of the CRT A trigger signal for a digital vector filter is a Keyphasor pulse which serves to align the center frequency of the band pass filter to shaft rotative speed It provides a reference from which to measure shaft rotative speed 1X amplitude and phase lag angle Trip Multiplier That function provided in a monitor system to temporarily increase the alarm Alert and Danger setpoint values by a specific multiple usually two or three This function is normally applied by manual operator action during startup to allow a machine to pass through high vibration speed ranges without monitor alarm indications Such high vibration speed ranges may include system resonances and other normal transient vibrations Also called set point multiplier TSI Acronym for Turbine Supervisory Instrumentation A TSI system is a continuous monitoring system generally used on turbogenerator sets It can include such measurement parameters as shaft radial vibration shaft absolute vibration axial position differential expansion case expansion valve position eccentricity peak to peak zero speed and shaft rotative speed The system may al
48. extreme values of an electronic signal or dynamic motion See Amplitude Period The time required for a complete oscillation or for a single cycle of events The reciprocal of frequency Periodic Vibration Oscillatory motion whose amplitude pattern repeats in time Perturbation Application of a forcing function to a system by means of an external device in order to study the system characteristics Also called excitation Perturbation Technique A part of modal testing A method of identifying the dynamic characteristics of a mechanical system rotors in particular by comparing a known input force to the measured response The perturbation force may be at any frequency including shaft rotative frequency as in the case of unbalance and zero frequency zero speed as in the case of a steady state load The perturbation force may be applied in one direction only unidirectional or in two directions simultaneously as in the case of a circular or elliptical force If the non synchronous perturbation force is applied to the rotating shaft in two axes simultaneously it may be forward in the direction of shaft rotation or reverse against the direction of rotation Direct perturbation of the rotating shaft by a rotating force input of known force amplitudes phase and frequency across ranges of all of these while measuring the motion response vectors of the rotor system at the same frequency can yield the meaningful dynamic
49. he response of the shaft due to imbalance force It is the angular location on the shaft directly under the vibration probe when the shaft makes its closest approach to that probe Also the location on the shaft surface under a proximity probe when the 1X filtered vibration signal produced by the probe reaches its positive peak Hysteresis The difference in levels dead band between the trigger threshold and the reset designed to reduce false triggering nertially Referenced Motion that is referenced to a mass whose inertia keeps it stationary yielding absolute motion Also describes a transducer with an internal inertial reference mass Influence Vector Used in balancing the 1X vibration response vector due to a calibration weight divided by the calibration weight vector at a particular shaft rotative speed The measured vibration vector divided by the unbalance force vector represents the rotor s transfer function If the description of the influence vector contains the shaft rotative speed term and the radius at which the calibration weight is placed on or removed from the rotor the influence vector is the inverse of the synchronous dynamic stiffness vector See Influence Vector Direct and Influence Vector Longitudinal Influence Vector Direct An influence vector where the measured vibration vector and the unbalance force vector are at or near the same plane along the rotor axis Influence Vector Longitudinal A
50. hide the status bar The status bar will display the description of the selected commands And also the keypad status ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 37 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Big Icon Small Icon List and Details Big Icon Show data streams under points by big icon Small Icon Show data streams under points by small icon List List data streams under points by order of the collection time from late to early Details Show detailed information of data streams Collection time and Measure value under points by order of the collection time from late to early User View User View in PCM690LT is a type of view which presents hierarchy layers with machine train machine and measurement point of a PT690 DC Left hand of our user view is tree view which presents three hierarchy layers with machine train machine and measurement point Select an item in tree view on the right hand side windows will display information about this item For example you select a measurement point window right hand will display measurement data streams under this measurement point The color of measurement point icons indicates v Green OK v Yellow Alarm v Red Danger Definition of alarms v For vibration measurement if the overall is higher than the set point alarm will be triggered v For displacement or proc
51. hine Drag picture of the points to the proper location Right click picture of Point3 and command Stud on Machine Picture will pop up ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 30 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System _ Click this command and click the very location on picture of Machine2 The result is shown below If Point8 doesn t belong to Machine2 another window will appear to notice you PCE6SULT Step6 Repeat Stepb5 until you complete it The result is below ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 31 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Set As the Standard Data Standard data is appointed by customer You can but appoint one standard data under a point Once the standard data is appointed you can compare waveforms painted by different data streams with the standard waveform to observe the running condition of machine trains Delete Point Data Y A Right click a point in the tree view and then click Delete Point Data in the listed menu Rename Delete Del Delete Point Data Trend Plat Waterfall Plot Alarm List v Click a point in the tree view and then click Edit gt Delete Point Data Following window appears click Yes and then you will delete all data all piece under this point PCEBGBULT j Confirm to delete this point s data
52. ibing the conditions under which the parameter was measured For predictive maintenance purposes static data is typically presented in various forms of trend plot and displays lists of current values Examples of static data include vibration amplitude phase lag angle frequency average shaft position shaft rotative speed time date monitor alarm and OK status Steady State Data Data static and or dynamic acquired from a machine at constant shaft rotative speed Steady State Dynamic Data Dynamic data acquired under steady state machine conditions Typical data presentations include orbit timebase and spectrum This data can be instantaneously trended See Dynamic Data and Steady State Data Steady State Static Data Static data acquired under steady state machine conditions Example shaft centerline position See Static Data and Steady State Data Strain Gauge A transducer which reacts to changes in strain typically through changes in resistance Stress A force acting on a body e g shaft per unit area Usually measured in terms of lbs in 2 or Newton meter 2 Sub harmonic Sinusoidal component of a vibration signal that is a sub multiple integer fraction of a fundamental frequency Sub synchronous Component of a vibration signal which has a frequency less than shaft rotative speed ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 68 PT690 Vibrati
53. ikas Trib Majhi Ra Pee a Aag i dida d dg 1343 54 15 Lb 24 0 6 Machine Train Nachiza Taint alent k Mig je Ar a Pe 33 E 140 21 p Machina Tretn Eachina Foint i Glant B DER et dt Ea i at P E Sp 18 b Baschika iiA Majhi Ra Pes NT Aag ifea Hapeh a Binchi 1916049745 03 24 3T 6 Wachi amp a TrabrNachi sa aini alent 3 dea ancha dinh So be a 23 6 Machina Trat amp n Zachina Taoint W lant SB eck E inch e inch 2 Fai Eid bt TA DT 33 PB Waskika TribhtEaskiga7Tatni bo Bertier LERCE ETTEI kail 15211 cee ea be Bnckipsg Trakh Sacshiga Taun i St r ai ta fan Bil gek id31 54 15 LA An 6 Machina Tra amp n Xachina Taini 3 Denger 15 dikiail Baal Hoer qH27 0H 13 ta an p Machina Tretn Eachina Foint i Barqar EN pEi 8 Iwil a wil SS peated da Li An 43 6 Baskika fraia Naihi ker aial i Basqpar LE TESTE p tisi E ELE TEI Dee EA E E i 10 6 Wachima Trait Nachiga Toisut amp Better 1i fen T Ma AEE TEI 17 94 13 LE 18 44 p Machina Tra amp n Eachima Taint i Batter EA ES ER EE LIT T 87442m31 SC Sea T8 PEL AN B Waskika Treinen Te phi ne Foil fo Bertier AT 464 tai 3 85 51ai T 87482211 Uit id IR Hachiga Triin Mathini ain i LEETE AT did det LE TT ihid Ad d 1 1 k i barbina Trautr HLckimacfs nite lana d Admil Lim ih E r 3 4T Machine Train Machine Alarm List BT 13 13 81 Ve Tias r hial Bea eee REL EA Met K Duce High Alert Le REN peated 9 bd 38009 6 Bac
54. imes applied to a vibration frequency spectrum which is distinctive and special to a particular machine or component system or subsystem at a specific point in time under specific machine operating conditions etc Often fails to include the basic signal measurement of phase Used for historical comparison of mechanical condition over the operating life of the machine Slow Roll Speed Low rotative speed at which dynamic motion effects from such forces as imbalance are negligible The speed at which shaft bow and runout can be measured Spall In rolling element bearings a flake or chip of metal removed from one of the bearing races or from a rolling element Spalling is evidence of serious bearing degradation and may be detected during normal bearing operation by observing increases in the signal amplitude of the high frequency or Prime Spike region vibration signals Spectrum Commonly a presentation of the amplitudes of a signal s components as a function of its frequency Spectrum Plot An XY plot in which the X axis represents vibration frequency and the Y axis represents vibration amplitude Stability of a Mechanical System Liapunoff Definition Stability In The Small A mechanical system is stable if external small perturbation of its regime will create a resultant small change of the previous steady state regime The perturbation can be introduced by applying an impulse force or changing the initial conditions of di
55. imity probe s at rotor slow roll speed See Eccentricity Peak to Peak Calibration Weight Used in rotor balancing procedures a weight of known magnitude which is placed on the rotor at a known location under known operating conditions in order to measure the resulting change in machine 1X vibration response In effect such a procedure calibrates the rotor system a known input is applied and the resultant output is measured for its susceptibility to imbalance Sometimes called trial weight ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 49 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Campbell Diagram A diagram used in rotating machinery design A tool for selecting and checking shaft operational rotative speeds and other possible forcing function frequencies against the spectrum of natural frequencies to avoid resonances The X axis represents the various possible excitation frequencies i e rotative speed 1X oil whirl 40 48X blade or vane passing frequencies gear mesh frequencies etc The Y axis represents the lateral and torsional natural frequencies The term is sometimes used incorrectly to describe the Cascade Plot and Waterfall Plot See torsional vibration Cartesian Format A rectangular graphical format consisting of a vertical Y axis and a horizontal X axis This format is used to graph the results of one variable as a function of a
56. ion Data Collector and Analysis System Setup Menu System Setup Click Setup System Setup to System Setup window System Setup C Metric System Parameter Spectrum Depth 10 Trend Depth 100 v Unit Setup the unit mode of measured data in PCM690LT software English Unit or Metric v Spectrum Depth Setup the maximum spectrum depth v Trend Depth Setup the maximum trend depth Machine Train Management Click Setup gt Machine Train Management to open Machine Train Management window Nachine Train Management Machine Train List Machine Train Name OK Cancel Add a new machine train Click Add to add a new machine train ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 20 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Add Hachine Train Machine Train Name 1 31 characters Enter a new machine train name and then click OK to save the operation CAUTION Maximum 32 machine trains are allowed under a PT690 DC Modify machine train name Choose a machine train in the list and click Modify to rename this machine train Enter the new name and then click OK to save this operation hb Machine Train Machine Train Name 1 31 characters Delete a machine train Choose a Machine Train name and click Delete Click Yes to delete all information of this machine train from PCM690LT software
57. it Download Metric English Unit Click Communication gt Download Metric English Unit to setup the unit mode for PT690 DC DownLoad Netric English Unit C Metric Choose the proper unit mode and then click Download to download the unit mode to PT690 DC ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 43 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Window Menu Cascade Overlap all the opened windows Tile Tile all the opened windows Arrange Icons List all minimized windows in the bottom of the main windows Help Menu Help Topic Show on line help Help Topics Welcome to PorvibTech Contents Index Find Click a book and then click Open Or click another tab such as Index Welcome to PCMBSDLT software About ProvibT ech PCMBS0LT Introduction Features Q Install amp Uninstall Nil Using PCMESQLT Start PCMESOLT 2 Device Management Switch Device e Setup Menu C File Menu Q Edit Menu Dus Analysis Menu e View Menu Qu Communication Menu About PCM690LT Show version build serial number copyright and creator of PCM690LT software About PCNEGS ULT PCMASOLT Verzion 2 Build Serial 174 Copyright 1C 2007 Created by BWH Bamboo LI EJ ZHIB ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 44 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System
58. kips Trek hea thi ka aiala Bierg g tt d I Be ee 6 Bck pa Tk ba Sh HRN LEETE b i T Ax SS SS BHT Uh 24 03 Barbima Tra amp in Zachiza Toin amp Blar AUT T dt SS Teaic die d td td S Baskikm Trib Naihi ie aiala CEFTI i rag w ii De ee Michis Tiii Machin fa Glen 5 lie d anch i Winch i Se BS 24 EP Machina Tra amp n Xachina Paint W Sieg LET EET rbd Finch e finch 2 SS 1487 0402 4 14 T3 8 Waskika Treinen le phi ne aiai Na LECTII 5 iina Vieh a TTE E cee ea are Backipg Triin Mathi ain i St r LERE EE TEI Beil gek 1431 54 15 it Hi 25 6 Machina Tra amp n Xachina Taint 3 Denger 11 2176231 beil Hoer T RT LT HE on D Backing Tr amp ts Eazhina7Tauai7i 7 Darqur FI BEIM baal ETH Tesi doq nidi 3 b Wackima reia Meth te fausto i Basaper Th opima a Fail 8 Seit Pi i a E E EE E 44 Richins Trina shiita Batter LEERI TE z ral E 82452911 SS TH27 2H 7 33 Hat 1T 6 Machina Trein Machine Toini j Barqpar HE Marea 5 8051 T ritis poeta a ELE dd 6 Wackima TraknUNashi ga Paia do Basaper 12 diisi sid CTE f Odie Me io Wuchiga Train Nachi ga Toint d Dinit AT doia ra LEN TEI BHI CHE SEI RI Machina Train Marthin Paini f lant AT 4531 dimil CUm Sa UE DEE DE E Waskima Trek Ee hi noe Fadl i ilari Ap fei disail Kimi ffi Machine Train Machine Point A Alarm List Stee 13 52 14 Mes Tiaa Cha Bee Bare Fata Bausse Valus Miri P Dugwr High Aer Lev O Dagr Lee MeT IN 29188 Machine Eraim Machim
59. lt from either a shaft centerline position change or shaft dynamic motion Common sources include out of round shafts scratches chain mark dents rust or other conductive build up on the shaft stencil mark flat spots and engravings See Runout and Electrical Runout Micro inch A unit of length or displacement equal to 10 6 inches or 10 3 mils Micro metre ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 58 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A unit of length or displacement equal to 10 6 metres One micro metre equals 0 0394 mil Also called micron obsolete Micro Prox A high sensitivity ProvibTech Proximitor used to accurately and rapidly measure probe gap changes of a few micro inches Mil A unit of length or displacement equal to 0 001 inch One mil equals 25 4 micrometres Mode Shape of the Rotor The deflected shape of a rotor at a specific rotative speed caused by an applied specific forcing function such as imbalance Note this is a three dimensional presentation of rotor lateral See Lateral Vibration deflection in vibration mode along the shaft axis Modulation Amplitude AM The process whereby variation in the amplitude of a vibration signal results in modulation of the amplitude of a carrier signal AM is used when high frequency signal recordings are needed i e gear mesh AM tape recorders also called direct h
60. m deviation of any calibration point on a specified straight line in any one calibration increment Load Zone An angular region around a rolling element bearing where there is maximum compressive force between the shaft and the outer race of the bearing Probes for bearing activity measurement REBAM would normally be placed in this zone for best or most sensitive measurements Also the direction of steady state load on any including fluid film bearing Normal load can result from the force of gravity for horizontal machines gear mesh forces fluidic forces etc Low Pass Filter A filter having a single transmission band extending from zero frequency or the lower frequency response limit of the transducer or instrument to some finite upper corner frequency defined as the point where amplitude is attenuated by 3 dB LVDT Acronym for Linear Variable Differential Transformer A contacting displacement transducer consisting of a movable core and a stationary transformer The core is attached to the part to be measured and the transformer is attached to a fixed reference The most common application is casing expansion measurement where the core is attached to the casing and the transformer LVDT housing is attached to the machine foundation Also used for valve position measurements Mechanical Runout A noise component in the output signal of a proximity probe transducer system a probe gap change which does not resu
61. monitor ProvibTech s TK3 2 incorporates a wobulator XY Orthogonal perpendicular axes in a Cartesian coordinate system Usually used as a reference for orthogonal mutually perpendicular radial vibration transducers Y represents the vertical axis and X represents the horizontal axis Zero to Peak Value One half of the peak to peak value See Amplitude REFERENCES 1 Dictionary of Instrumentation Technology Machine Design Penton IPC Inc Cleveland Ohio 2 Electrical Transducer Nomenclature and Terminology Instrument Society of America Philadelphia Pennsylvania Electronic Engineer s Handbook McGraw Hill Book Company New York New York Mark s Mechanical Engineering Handbook McGraw Hill Book Company New York New York Mechanical Equipment Standards for Refinery Service American Petroleum Institute Washington D C ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 73
62. n influence vector where the measured vibration vector and the unbalance force vector are at different longitudinal planes along the rotor axis Integrator An electronic circuit that converts a velocity signals to a displacement signal or converts an acceleration signal to a velocity signal sotropic Supports Rotor support systems that provide uniform dynamic stiffness in all radial lateral directions Keyphasor Pulse That change in the output signal of the Keyphasor Transducer caused by the Keyphasor Event Keyphasor Transducer ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 57 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A transducer that produces a once per shaft turn voltage pulse called the Keyphasor signal This signal is used primarily to measure shaft rotative speed and as a reference for measuring vibration phase lag angle It is an essential element in measuring rotor slow roll bow runout information The Keyphasor transducer is typically a proximity probe recommended for permanent installations in which the probe observes a physical gap change event an optical pickup used for temporary installations in which the pickup observes a change in reflectivity event or a magnetic pickup Keyphasor is a ProvibTech registered trademark Linearity Calibration The closeness of a calibration curve to a specific straight line expressed as the maximu
63. nother e g vibration amplitude versus time trend amplitude versus frequency spectrum and nX amplitude versus shaft rotative speed Bode Cascade Plot A graph in Cartesian format displaying amplitude versus frequency spectra at series shaft rotative speeds Shaft rotative speed and amplitude are usually presented on two separate vertical axes Frequency is measured on the horizontal X axis This data format is used to evaluate the change in vibration frequency characteristics during machine transient conditions See Waterfall Plot Casing Expansion A measurement of the axial position of the machine casing relative to a fixed reference usually the foundation The measurement is typically made with an LVDT installed on the foundation at the opposite end of the machine from the point where the casing is attached to the foundation Changes in casing axial position are the result of thermal expansion and contraction of the casing during startup and shutdown The measurement is usually incorporated as part of a TSI system Center Frequency For band pass filters the arithmetic center of a constant bandwidth filter or the geometric center midpoint on a logarithmic scale of a constant percentage filter Channel A transducer and the instrumentation hardware to display its output signal Cold Water Stands An arrangement of piping and brackets installed along a machine foundation for hot alignment measurements Proximity pro
64. of the shaft within the bearing or seal The dynamic eccentricity ratio obtained by dividing the distance between shaft and bearing seal centerlines by the radial clearance can vary between zero and one Zero represents the shaft concentric with the bearing seal and one represents the shaft in contact with the bearing seal See Eccentricity Ratio Average Eddy Current Electrical current which is generated in a conductive material when such material intercepts the electromagnetic field of a proximity probe Electrical Runout A noise component in the output signal of a proximity probe transducer system resulting from non uniform electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability properties of the observed material Also caused by local spot magnetic fields on the circumference of the shaft surface A change in the Proximate output signal which does not result from a probe gap change dynamic motion or change in average shaft position The error repeats exactly with each shaft revolution See Mechanical Runout Element Passage Frequency EPx For purposes of studying rolling element bearings using either bearing housing transducers or the ProvibTech REBAM system EPx is a symbolic indication of the rate at which rolling elements pass a fixed point on either the inner or outer race Harmonics of the element passage frequency are then indicated as 2EPx 3EPx nEPx Error The difference between the indicated value and th
65. oint a new name Y Delete Click Delete in above menu or click Edit gt Delete menu to delete this node from PCMB690LT software Edit Picture In PCM690LT software we provide tools to let customers edit pictures for machines and points in range of the user view With command of Edit Picture the user interface is displayed friendlier Following we give an entire example to edit pictures for machine trains machines and points Example In the following example we create a new machine train named Train2 Under Train2 we create two machines Machine1 and Machine2 Also we create two points under Machine1 Point1 and Point2 we create two points under Machine2 Point3 and Point4 Customers can consult User Manual to get information about how to create a new machine train machine or point After you complete the setup on new machine train machines and points you will see the following user View ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 2f PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Que Edit View Analysis Communication Setup Window Help or oo 6 ejr v ize s mdi EP t m Train DOE Train EK Machinel i Y Point We Point Machinez Y Point3 W Pointi SN D In the above window you will see pictures about machines and points are in the top left corner so the next you should do is to edit those pictures in a proper location you want
66. olbar If you select a point L on the plot now the spectrum plot will show four points near L which are marked by Red Furcation Importantly the frequency values which the four points are relevant to are n times as many as the frequency value of point L Machine Train Machine Point A Collection Time07 04 30 13 12 19 0 Spectrum Plot 0 200 400 600 800 Hz Spectrum plot PK Measure Value XChannel 3 90818 g Side Band When you are viewing the spectrum plot click Edit gt Side Band or click D on the toolbar If you click a point M on the plot spectrum plot will display five peak value points nearest to M at the same time the five points will be marked by Red Furcation ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 40 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Es Machine Train Machine Point A Collection Time07 04 30 12 39 10 0 Spectrum Plot 32 64 96 128 160 Hz Spectrum plot PK Measure Value XChannel 3 64974 g Standard Data If you had appointed the standard data you can view the stand waveform when you are viewing a waveform plot or a spectrum plot Click View gt Standard Data or click on the toolbar to view the standard waveform plot or standard spectrum plot Machine Train Machine Point A Collection Time0 7 04 30 14 09 14 0 Vaveform Plot 0 0 10 0 20 0 30 0 40 0 50 s Waveform plot PK Measure Value XChannel 1 37238 g
67. on of a rotor in the axial direction with respect to some fixed reference Typically the reference is the thrust bearing support structure or other casing member to which the probe is mounted The probe may observe the thrust collar directly or some other integral axial shaft surface as long as it is within about 12 inches of the thrust bearing Also called thrust position See Differential Expansion Balance of Plant Machinery That group of rotating machinery which is not critical to any part of the overall plant process Many of these machines operate in tandem or spared installations Balance Resonance Speed ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 48 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A shaft rotative speed or speed region which equals a natural frequency of the rotor system When a rotor accelerates or decelerates through this speed region the observed vibration characteristics are 1 a peak in the 1X Amplitude and 2 a more rapid change in the 1X vibration phase lag angle Balancing Adjusting the radical mass distribution of a rotor so that the mass centerline principal inertia axis approaches or coincides with the rotor rotational axis This reduces the 1X lateral vibration of the rotor and the forces on the bearings due to imbalance inertia forces Band Pass Filter A filter that has a single transmission band extending from
68. on Data Collector and Analysis System Super harmonic Sinusoidal component of a vibration signal that is an integer multiple of a fundamental frequency Super synchronous Component of a vibration signal which has a frequency greater than shaft rotative speed Suppression The practice of using electronic circuitry to arithmetically subtract suppress the amplitude of an unwanted signal noise It is not recommended for vibration measurement and or monitoring because most noise sources are vector not scalar quantities Sweep Frequency Filter A type of bandpass filter which is automatically swept tuned through a frequency range of interest An instrument which incorporates this type of filter can be used to generate a vibration frequency spectrum A change in the frequency content of the measured signal during the time required to sweep through the frequency range will cause the spectrum to smear Swirl Ratio See Fluid Circumferential Average Velocity Ratio Synchronous The component of a vibration signal that has a frequency equal to the shaft rotative frequency 1X Thermocouple A temperature sensing device comprised of two dissimilar metal wires which when thermally affected heated or cooled produce a proportional change in electrical potential at the point where they join Threshold The level at which a trigger or other function is initiated Timebase Plot A presentation of the instantan
69. or example two transducer input signals must both exceed an amplitude set point usually the Danger set point only before an actual alarm condition is indicated by the monitor If only one transducer input exceeds the set point then no alarm is initiated in the monitor Dynamic Data Data steady state and or transient which contain that part of the transducer signal representing the dynamic e g vibration characteristics of the measured variable Typical dynamic data presentations include Orbit Timebase spectrum Polar Bode Cascade and Waterfall From this data it is possible to derive static data such as amplitude frequency filtered amplitude and phase lag angle from the signal See Steady State Dynamic Data and Transient Dynamic Data Dynamic Stiffness Spring stiffness of the mechanical system complemented by the dynamic effects of mass and damping which act against an applied dynamic force to limit vibration response Dynamic Stiffness Direct The component of mechanical system Dynamic Stiffness consisting of modal mass stiffness and cross couple damping terms which collinearly opposes the applied force Dynamic Stiffness Quadrature The component of a Dynamic Stiffness mechanical system Dynamic Stiffness in a fluid environment consisting of 1 the viscous damping the reaction of the fluid when the shaft presses on it and 2 the fluid wedge support term the reaction of the shaft when the fluid pushes on it
70. ple or fraction of rotative frequency See Synchronous Attitude Angle The included angle between the direction of the vector sum of all the unidirectional steady state radial loads Preloads on a rotor and a line connecting the bearing and shaft centers Sometimes confused with Rotor Position Angle since the preload historically and incorrectly was considered to be primarily gravity on horizontal machines See Rotor Position Angle and Eccentricity Ratio Average Average An amplitude detection technique used for sine wave vibration signals the half cycle average is 0 637 x zero to peak amplitude Average amplitude detection is not used by ProvibTech because machinery vibration signals are most often non sinusoidal in form and the peak to peak or peak amplitude cannot be correctly computed Average Shaft Position The static or average position of the shaft relative to a stationary component on the machine to which the probe is mounted The most common application is rotor axial thrust position relative to the thrust bearing Another important application is shaft average radial position in the bearing These measurements are made using the dc position component of the proximity probe signal Two proximity probes mounted in an XY configuration are required for the two dimensional radial position measurement Axial In the same direction as the shaft centerline Axial Position The average position or change in positi
71. rage radial centerline position within the bearing clearance presented in Cartesian format See Average Shaft Position Shaft Rotative Speed The frequency at which a shaft is rotating at a given moment usually expressed in units of revolutions per minute rpm may also be expressed in radians per second mostly for laboratory work 100 rpm equals approximately 10 radians per second 100 rpm 100 PI 30 radians per second Signal Attenuation A desired reduction in amplitude of a signal without changing the frequency and phase Also the decrease in amplitude and phase that results from the transmission of vibration energy from one machine part to another e g shaft to bearing housing Signal Conditioner ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 66 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A device placed between a signal source and a readout instrument to change the signal Examples attenuators preamplifiers signal converters for changing one electrical quantity into another such as volts to amps or analog to digital and filters Signal Gain The increase or decrease in magnitude of a signal Also the amount of voltage amplification utilized to enlarge small electronic signals up to full scale range on instruments such as FM tape recorders This nondimensional number is usually in even steps of 2 5 and 10 Signature Term somet
72. rovibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 17 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Nodify Device Information Device Name FT6S8 nDC 1 31 characters Device SH fi Input the new device name and finally click OK to complete it Delete a PT690 DC If you want to delete an existed PT690 DC in PCM690LT software choose the device name and then click Delete And in the following window click Yes to confirm your operation PCEGSOLI a mr Confirm to delete this device 7 ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 18 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Switch Device If the current user view doesn t match the PT690 DC which is going to connect with upper computer your can click File gt Switch Device to switch to the correct user view Switch Device Device Name gis Login this device by default Y Select the correct device name in Device Name list above and then click Switch to switch to the correct PT690 DC v Mark the check box Login this device by default and next time you run PCM690LT software you will log on the user view of the PT690 DC you had selected in list of Device Name CAUTION Maximum 64 PT690 DC are allowed ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 19 PT690 Vibrat
73. s a ProvibTech registered trademark for this type of velocity transducer Velomitor amp A piezoelectric velocity sensor with no moving parts that contains an accelerometer crystal and a built in amplifier integrator This type of seismic sensor is used for casing vibration measurements on rotating machinery equipped with rolling element bearings and frame vibration measurements on reciprocating machinery It measures absolute vibration relative to free space Also see Seismic Transducer Vibration The oscillatory back and forth motion of a physical object ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com Ze PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Vibration Form The characteristics of vibration signals which may be observed on an oscilloscope Typical displays are timebase waveform and shaft Orbit See Orbit and Waveform Waterfall Plot Similar to Cascade plot except that one vertical axis is usually time instead of shaft rotative speed rpm See Cascade Plot Waveform A presentation or display of the instantaneous amplitude of a signal as a function of time A vibration waveform can be observed on an oscilloscope in the timebase mode Wobulator A mechanical device which generates dynamic motion of an observed surface at a known amplitude and frequency The surface is observed by a proximity probe for the purpose of calibration of a vibration
74. so include a vector filter which measures vibration phase lag angle for each vibration frequency The TSI system consists of measurement transducers monitors interconnecting wiring and usually strip chart recorders or a microprocessor based monitoring data acquisition system 2X 3X ETC In a complex vibration signal notation for signal components having frequencies equal to exact multiples of shaft rotative speed Also called harmonic super harmonic and super synchronous Unbalance Unequal radial mass distribution on a rotor system a shaft condition where the mass centerline principal inertial axis does not coincide with the geometric centerline Also the effective mass that causes rotor vibration Valve Position ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 71 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A measurement of the position of the process inlet valves on a machine usually expressed as a percentage of the valve opening zero percent is fully closed 100 percent is fully open The measurement is usually made with an LVDT and is incorporated as part of a TSI system Vane Passing Frequencies A potential vibration frequency on vaned impeller compressors pumps and other machines with vaned rotating elements It is represented by the number of vanes on an impeller or stage times shaft rotative speed Vector A quantity which has bo
75. splacement and or velocity A system is asymptotically stable if small perturbation causes a decaying transient response leading to the previous steady state regime Note that these definitions refer to some quantitatively undefined small actions If a mechanical system exhibits several steady state regimes of motion the definitions apply equally to each one Note also that according to these definitions oil whirl is stable while the rotor undergoes instability Stability of a Mechanical System Practical Definition ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 67 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System A mechanical system is stable if any practical perturbation results in a system response with amplitudes within acceptable prescribed levels 1 Stability of a Rotating Machine A rotating machine is stable if at operating speeds the rotational motion of all rotating elements shafts disks blades etc and the steady equilibrium of non rotating parts supports bearings cases foundations etc are not accompanied by various modes of vibration with amplitudes exceeding prescribed acceptable levels This definition also applies to machine startups and coast downs when shaft rotative speed is variable Static Data Data which describes the quantitative characteristics of the measured parameter Static data can also include quantitative values descr
76. th magnitude and direction For a vibration vector magnitude is expressed as amplitude displacement velocity or acceleration and direction as phase lag angle degrees For example the 1X vibration vector measured at shaft operating speed e g for balancing purposes will be described as a magnitude mils or micrometres acting in a particular direction degrees The vector data presentation which is easiest to interpret is the polar format See Acceptance Region and Polar Plot Vector Filter An electronic instrument that automatically adjusts a band pass filter center frequency to coincide with the frequency determined by an external electronic input pulse Keyphasor Typically a digital vector filter is used to automatically filter a vibration signal at rotative speed 1X frequency or 2X or other single frequency especially under transient rotor speed conditions Among other functions a vector filter provides the dc proportional signals shaft centerline Velocity The time rate of change of displacement Typical units for velocity are inches second or millimeters second zero to peak Velocity measurements are used to evaluate machine housing and other structural response characteristics Electronic integration of a velocity signal yields displacement Velocity Transducer An electromechanical transducer typically of inertial design used for measuring bearing housing and other structural absolute vibration Seismoprobe i
77. tion for the signal component that occurs at the rotative speed frequency Also called synchronous 1 2X 1 3X 2 5X 4 9X ETC In a complex vibration signal notations for signal components having frequencies equal to fractions of rotative speed Also called sub harmonic and sub synchronous Optical Pickup A non contacting transducer which emits light from an internal infrared LED and detects the level of reflected light with a phototransistor The most common application of this pickup is as a temporary Keyphasor transducer observing a once per turn change in shaft reflectivity dark or light paint spot or small strip of highly reflective tape on the shaft ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 60 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Orbit The dynamic two dimensional path of the centerline motion of a machine component which is observed by XY transducers in the plane of those transducers When the transducers are XY shaft proximity probes it is the shaft centerline lateral vibration called precession Observed with an oscilloscope in the X versus Y mode Sometimes called orbital motion or Lissajous presentation Outer Race For rolling element bearings a generally cylindrical component which is positioned between the rolling elements and the bearing housing Peak to Peak Value The difference between positive and negative
78. tional motion and is usually expressed in units of mils or micrometres Proximity probes measure displacement directly Signal integration is required to convert a velocity signal to displacement Dual Path A signal conditioning technique used in vibration monitors whereby a single transducer input is processed through two separate signal conditioning paths in the monitor Each signal conditioning path can have its own engineering units of measurement e g displacement and velocity optional filtering alarm set points and displays Dual Probe A transducer set consisting of a proximity probe and velocity transducer installed radially at the same point usually in a common junction box on the machine bearing housing Four separate measurements are provided by this transducer system The proximity probe measures 1 shaft relative radial position within the bearing clearance and 2 shaft dynamic motion relative to the bearing The velocity transducer ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 52 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System measures 3 machine casing absolute vibration When the velocity signal is integrated to displacement and added to the shaft relative signal the summation represents 4 shaft absolute motion Dual Voting A logical AND relationship between two independent monitor inputs they must agree before any action is taken F
79. um trend or with a visual inspection of a machine image to obtain an understanding of the machine condition For vibration expert who requires additional information for analysis the PCM690 offers waveform spectrum and waterfall for each measured point With further analysis of each plot ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 3 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System with harmonics sideband zoom mark etc one can also compare the collected spectrum with standard spectrum to locate deviations ProvibTech offers a network type PCM690 SQL which interfaces with Microsoft SQL database Data from any computer various subsidiary companies or locations can be up loaded to a central SQL database server Features v Simultaneously measuring acceleration velocity and displacement v Route is programmable up to 500 points v User friendly interface v Powerful analysis software with spectrum waveform waterfall trend and machine image v 4lines display with back light v Auto power off v Hand input process data Y Machine image with condition status and overall level v Software supports multiple data collectors v Cost effective solution for in depth condition monitoring v Simple up grade from vibration meter Electrical v Frequency Response 3db Acceleration 2 1 000 Hz Velocity 5 1 000 Hz Displacement 5 1 000
80. unication gt Download Metric English Unit to download unit information for PT690 DC Select the measurement point from Route 1 Press AVD the screen will display Point Smart AVD 2 gt Press Up ID will back to the previous point in the same way press Down ID will forward to the next point Screen will show detailed information of these points at the same time 3 gt Or enter the point ID you needed Press ID and PT690 DC will jump to this point directly Screen will show detailed information of this point Perform Measurement 1 gt Select the point by the methods mentioned in Select the measurement point from Route 2 gt Put the transducer on the respected location on machine ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 11 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System 3 Press M to measure Waiting for several seconds PT690 DC will display vibration value and alarm status 4 If there is no transducer or the transducer is not well connected PT690 DC will display check the connection of the sensor and the cable 5 If the measurement point is a manual input point you can manually enter the measurement value and then pressing M or OK 6 Select the next measurement point 7 gt Repeat above steps until all measurement points finished measurement Data Upload 1 Connect PT690 DC with your computer and run PCM690LT software Turn on PT690 DC 2
81. v Approval CE Hazardous area CEC approval iallCT4 Physical v Temperature Operation 200C 650C 40F 1400F Storage 400C 850C 400F 1850F v Dimension ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 5 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System 180mm 82mm 53mm 7in 3 2in 2in v Weight 240g 0 5lb Software Running Environment v A Operation System Windows 2000 or Windows XP CPU P4 2 0GHz Memory 512MB Hard Disk 40G Display VGA NN S S ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 6 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PT690 DC Data Collector Installation Field Wiring Diagram Field Wiring Diagram 1 Field Wiring Diagram 1 A d PT600 TP PC PT690CB 1 PT690CB 2 TMO782A a de PT600 MG PHP PrT690 Dc POWER PT690PWR Field Wiring Diagram 2 Field Wiring Diagram 2 BNC Port A PT690PWE ProvibTech Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com 7 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System Keyboard 4 lines display with backlight AVD Up T M i SE Down ON OF ERKA ES aage Beas Positive Minus Sign Numbers agoa LLLI Dot Sign Above picture shows structure of the keyboard and display Keyboard Description v M Press
82. ve speed The vibration frequency of whirl is a function of the fluid circumferential average velocity in the bearing seal or rotor periphery Typically whirl for bearings varies from 0 3X to 0 49X just less than one half of shaft rotative speed Whip occurs when whirl vibration frequency approaches a rotor system s natural frequency most often the rotor first balance resonance The mechanism is not limited to oil lubricated bearings but can occur when any fluid e g oil steam process gas etc is enclosed within a small clearance area between two body surfaces one of which is rotating and dragging the enclosed fluid into circumferential rotation While the fluid average frequency is then usually below half rotative speed changes may occur when the fluid is tangentially accelerated for instance due to recirculation or decelerated such as in anti swirl seals Forced Vibration The response vibration of a mechanical system due to a forcing function exciting force Typically forced vibration has the same frequency at that of the exciting force Free Vibration Vibration response of a mechanical system following an initial perturbation change of position velocity or force Depending on the kind of perturbation the mechanical system responds with free vibrations at one or more of its natural frequencies Frequency The repetition rate of a periodic vibration per unit of time Vibration frequency is typically expressed in units
83. ware v Double click shortcut of PCM690LT on the desktop v Click Start All Programs PCM690 gt PCM690LT in programme menu 5pCNGeSULT prom DC Haer Bue Eit Des Anuircir Cessmarsitsp fetap Ponder Main ix E Tir nid i m gi HOt a Tr Ah au Real Click File gt Exit to quit from PCM690LT software Device Management Click Setup gt Device Management to open Device Management window Device Management Device List I690 DC Add a new PT690 DC Make sure a new PT690 DC connects to your computer and well communicates with the computer Click Add on Device Management window if no new PT690 DC is connected the following window will appear E Phone 1 713 830 7601 Fax 1 281 754 4972 sales provibtech com www provibtech com ProvibTech 16 PT690 Vibration Data Collector and Analysis System PCEBBULT Or you will see the window below PCEGSTULT Hew PTBSU DC is connected do vou want to add it Cancel Click OK to open Add Device window Add Device Device Name 1 31 characters Device SH e v Device Name Named for this PT690 DC v Device SN The SN which is pre defined is used to identify this new PT690 DC Finally click OK to complete this operation Modify Device Name If more than one PT690 DC has existed in PCM690LT software click the device name in Device List and then click Modify to open Modify Device Information window P

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