HI 98703 - Hanna Instruments
Contents
1. EZ T Nr VYAS VVAGL li T 1 Cuvette Lid Close the cuvette lid prior to start a measurement Cuvette Holder Insert the cuvette into the holder with the cuvette mark matching the case mark Liquid Crystal Display LCD The LCD has backlight for better visibility in dark environments Keypad Splash proof resistant Lamp connector Connect the new lamp using a screwdriver during lamp changing procedure N _ 3 4 I 6 7 Lamp Replacable tungsten lamp Battery Lid Remove the battery lid in order to change batteries or replace the lamp KEYPAD DESCRIPTION 8 ON OFF press to turn the instrument ON OFF If no key is pressed for more than 15 minutes the instrument automatically shuts off 9 GLP A press to enter exit GLP feature In SETUP it is used to increase the set values In Log Recall it is used to select a newer record scroll up 10 AVG W press to set the average reading mode ON OFF In SETUP it is used to decrease the set values In Log Recall it is used to select an older record scroll down 11 CAL press to enter exit calibration During setup it is used to start stop editing a parameter 12 LIGHT press to tum ON OFF the backlight 13 RCL press to enter exit viewing log content 14 LOG CFM pre2. Check the optical system The standard used for current Check the standard and alibration point is too low use the correct one The standard used for current Check the ee and calibration point is too high use the correct o Battery tag blinking The remaining battery life is too low Replace batteries The batteries are too discharged fo f bAtt 9 Replace batteries correct measurements HI 710005 HI 710006 HI 710012 HI 710013 HI 710014 HI 731318 HI 731331N HI 731335N HI 740027P HI 740234 HI 92000 HI 920005 HI 920011 HI 93703 50 HI 98703 58 Voltage adapter from 115V to 12 Vdc USA plug Voltage adapter from 230V to 12 Vdc European plug Voltage adapter from 240V to 12 Vdc UK plug Voltage adapter from 230V to 12 Vdc South Africa plug Voltage adapter from 230V to 12 Vdc Australia plug Tissue for wiping cuvettes 4 pcs Glass cuvettes 4 pcs Caps for cuvettes 4 pcs 1 5V AA battery 12 pcs Replacement lamp for EPA turbidimeter 1 pc Windows compatible software 5 tag holders with tags 5 to 9 pins RS232 connection cable Cuvettes cleaning solution 230 ml Silicon oil 15 ml RECOMMENDATIONS FOR USERS Before using this product make sure that it is entirely suitable for your specific application and for the environment in which it is used Operation of this instrument may cause unacceptable interferences to other electronic equipment requiring the user to follow all necessary steps
3. The HI 98703 can be powered from the AC adapter when used in laboratory See the Accessories section to select the correct AC adapter To power the instrument simply connect the AC adapter to the instrument see Connectors Description page 9 It is not necessary to turn the instrument off when connecting the external adapter Note The connection to the external adapter will not recharge the batteries 37 To fully use the instrument tag identification system function the measured data has to be downloaded to a computer The instrument can use RS232 or USB connection to communicate with the PC When using the RS232 protocol simply connect a HI 920011 serial cable between the instrument and the computer To use the USB protocol simply connect a regular USB cable between instrument and PC In both cases the PC must run the HI 92000 application for successful data transfer ERROR CODES HI 98703 has a powerful diagnostic system The common errors are detected and reported for easy diagnostic and maintenance ERROR DESCRIPTION ACTION Err Err3 Critical errors dla Err6 Err7 Err8 The instrument beeps and shuts down Press simultaneously UP and DOWN to reset the EEPROM contents The instrument beeps shortly twice and shuts down after 10 seconds Close the lid The lid is not closed If the error persists retum the instrument Replace the lamp Check Lamp broken or no light the optical system for obstructions
4. The instrument asks for confirmation and if LOG CFM is pressed the last record is deleted To abort the delete function press READ gt instead of LOG CFM After the record is deleted the instrument goes immediately to the first panel of the previous record If the log becomes empty dashes will be displayed for one second and the instrument will return to idle mode DELETE ALL RECORDS To delete all records scroll the log until delete all records panel is displayed on the LCD To delete all records press SETUP DEL while in delete all records panel 28 SETUP DEL The instrument asks for confirmation and if LOG CFM is pressed all records are deleted To abort the delete function press READ gt instead of LOG CFM LOG CFM After all records are deleted dashes are displayed for one second and the instrument returns to idle mode Los GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE GLP The GLP feature allows the user to view last calibration data Also the user calibration can be deleted Press GLP A to enter or exit GLP data consulting Several functions are available when in GLP menu GLP A Press READ gt to scroll the following GLP data READ gt The last calibration date in YYYY MM DD format If no calibration was performed the cba 5 3 F 3 AL factory calibration message ECAL will be 0833 UC displayed on the LCD The time of the last calibration in hh mm format First calibration
5. BEEPER The HI 98703 has a built in beeper that signals the tag read the key press and the error conditions The beeper can be selected to be ON or OFF e To set the beeper ON OFF press CAL when set beeper panel is displayed The beeper status and CFM tag will start blinking 31 e Press the A or W keys to set the beeper ON OFF GLP A AVG V e Press LOG CFM to save the change The new selected option will be displayed on the LCD Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes SHOW HIDE THE TIME You can choose between showing or hiding the current hour and minutes on the LCD e To set hiding or showing the time press CAL LOG CFM NIZ when show hide time panel is displayed The YIN 1 _ time show status and CFM tag will start Va c d blinking e Press the A or W keys to set lcd hide for time or GLP A AVG V Press LOG CFM to save the change The new selected option will be displayed on the LCD Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes LOG CEM SET THE DATE The HI 98703 turbidimeter has a built in real time clock RTC The RTC time is used to generate a unique time stamp for each recorded value and to automatically store the last calibration date The current time can be displayed on the LCD when the instrument is in idle mode e To set the current date press CAL when set date panel is displayed The date format is YYYY MM DD The last two digits of t
6. Greater than 100 000 readings Silicon Photocell Ratio Nephelometric signal 90 scatter light ratio transmitted light Adaptation of the USEPA Method 180 1 and Standard Method 2130 B 60 x 90 mm LCD with backlight 15 100 and 750 NTU One two or three point calibration 200 records RS232 or USB 1 1 0 to 50 C 32 to 122 F max 95 RH non condensing 4 x 1 5V AA alkaline batteries or AC adapter After 15 minutes of non use 224 x 87 x 77 mm 8 8 x 3 4 x 3 0 512 g 18 oz GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT HI 98703 is a highly accurate turbidimeter To meet the instrument performance and fully benefit of its properties it is very important that the analyst perform accurate precise and repeatable readings using proper measurement techniques Special care must be taken during sample preparation and handling The instructions listed below should be carefully followed during measurement and calibration to ensure best accuracy CUVETTE The cuvette is part of the optical system in all measurements The light reaches the sample by passing through the cuvette glass As a result the measurement can be affected by the glass imperfections dirt dust scratches or fingerprints present on the cuvette surface CUVETTE HANDLING The cuvettes should be free of scratches or cracks Any cuvette with visible scratches will be discarded The cuvettes should be periodically washed with acid After washing the cuvettes should b
7. When the instrument is started the remaining battery life is estimated and reported in percents To preserve the battery it is better to use normal instead of averaged measurements Continuous measurements keep the lamp on and should be used with caution if the battery life is an issue To further save the battery life the instrument will turn off after 15 minutes of non use The backlight will be turn off after 25 seconds since the last key was pressed The battery life is measured each time the lamp is turned on and if the remaining battery life is less than 10 the battery tag will be displayed blinking on the LCD to warn the user that the batteries need to be replaced When the batteries are completely discharged 0 bAtt message will be displayed for one second and the instrument will turn off In order to use the instrument again replace the batteries with new ones or use an AC adapter 36 BATTERIES REPLACEMENT To replace the batteries follow the next steps e Press ON OFF to turn OFF the instrument e Open the batteries cover by pressing the locking clip a pese wari ff rt e Take out the used batteries and insert 4 new 1 5 AA size batteries while paying attention to the correct polarity as indicated on the battery compartment e Replace the cover and press it until it locks Turn the instrument ON Warning Replace batteries only in a non hazardous area USING AN AC ADAPTER
8. are desired In the average mode 10 measurements are averaged in a short period of time about 20 seconds The initial value is displayed after 10 seconds and the display is updated every second with an intermediate value e To select the averaged measurement mode press AVG W When this mode is selected the AVG icon will be displayed on the LCD 20 Press READ to start the average reading mode The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement When a new partial value is displayed the cuvette icon and the measurement unit will blink shortly READ b e When the measurement is ended the final averaged result is displayed directly in NTU RANGE AND UNITS HI 98703 automatically selects the correct range to display the results with the highest accuracy If the measured value is higher than 1000 NTU over range the display will show the maximum value blinking The instrument has an EPA compliance reading mode If this feature is activated in SETUP EPA tag will appear on the LCD and the readings will be rounded to meet EPA reporting requirements as shown in the table 10 40 40 100 100 400 400 1000 gt 1000 21 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE HI 98703 has a powerful calibration function that compensates for lamp aging or changing The calibration can be done using the suplied calibration solutions or use
9. display will show a blinking CAL tag each time the measurements are taken outside the calibration range CALIBRATION ERRORS If the read value during calibration is too far from the set value the instrument will show LO or HI error If the calculated calibration coefficients are outside a certain range the CAL Err message is displayed CALIBRATION DELETION HI 98703 is factory calibrated It is possible to restore factory calibration by deleting last performed calibration To delete last calibration follow the next steps Enter the GLP feature by pressing GLP A The date of the last calibration will be displayed on the LCD Press READ to see the information related to calibration The last panel is the one with delete calibration Press SETUP DEL to delete the current calibration After deletion the instrument will automatically return to measurement mode 25 A READ b READ gt 4 SETUP DEL HI 98703 has a log space for up to 200 records With each measurement the date time and tag ID is stored In this way each record is fully characterized and can be easily analyzed when downloading data on the PC application HI 92000 LOGGING The log function is active after a valid measurement is obtained no errors e To log a value press LOG CFM when the measurement result is displayed The instrument asks to READ TAG for identification of the sampling locatio
10. is Triton X 100 Warning Pay attention that changing the surface tension will cause a rapid settling of particles that cause turbidity To avoid this problem analyze as soon as possible the sample Do not shake vigorously the sample because the surfactant may foam If you are using the same cuvette rinse it before adding a new sample in order to avoid surfactant accumulation Surfactant contribution to the turbidity readings is negligible Note Surfactant addition should be used for degassing only when other methods are ineffective USE OF AN ULTRASONIC BATH The ultrasonic waves are very effective in removing air bubbles from samples However ultrasonic waves should be used with care because they can alter sample turbidity characteristics by modifying the shape and size of particles which cause turbidity The ultrasonic waves can also break the existing air bubbles leading to a complication of the degassing process In order to avoid excess application of the ultrasonic waves you can apply ultrasound until all visible air bubbles are removed and then measure the sample turbidity This is the most used procedure for degassing If you are not sure that all air bubbles were removed apply ultrasonic waves again for a short period of time and then measure the turbidity Repeat this procedure until the turbidity is increasing instead of decreasing sign that turbidity of the sample was altered In order to degas a sample fill a clean cuvette w
11. point 0 00 NTU if skipped or or DO i the actual read value e g 0 01 NTU de al faro Second calibration point 29 e Third calibration point if available e Fourth calibration point if available e Delete calibration panel To delete calibration e Press SETUP DEL while in the delete calibration panel of the GLP The user calibration will be deleted and the factory calibration will be restored The instrument will enter automatically in idle mode SETUP DEL 30 Setup mode allows viewing and modifying the instrument parameters The blinking CAL tag during setup mode suggest to press CAL for parameters editing e To enter exit SETUP press SETUP DEL SETUP DEL e To select the parameter to be edit press A or or keys until the desired panel is displayed GLP A AVG Y SET EPA COMPLIANCE MODE When EPA compliance reading is ON EPA message is displayed on the secondary LCD and the reported values are rounded to meet EPA reporting requirements To edit the EPA mode press CAL when EPA compliance reading panel is displayed The parameter setting and CFM tag will start blinking Press the or W keys to set ON or OFF the EPA compliance mode GLP AGY Press LOG CFM to save the setting The new selected option of the parameter will be an displayed on the LCD Alternatively press CAL a to exit without saving the new settings oer eet EPA SET
12. the average mode is on In order to index a cuvette follow the next steps Fill the cuvette with high quality water lt 0 1 NTU up to the line Clean and oil the cuvette as described before Turn the instrument ON Insert the cuvette into the instrument and press READ gt Record the reading Open the instrument lid slightly rotate the cuvette and take a new reading Repeat the last step until you read the lowest NTU value Alternatively keep READ gt pressed and after the first value is displayed open the lid and start rotating the cuvette until the lowest NTU value is displayed Mark this position on the thicker white band on the top of the cuvette with a water resistant pencil Always use this position to align it with the sign on the instrument top 14 MATCHING MULTIPLE CUVETTES Precise measurements require the use of a single cuvette If it is not possible the cuvette selection and matching must be performed before taking measurements In order to match multiple cuvettes follow the next Steps Fill some cuvettes with high quality water lt 0 1 NTU up to the line Turn the instrument ON Insert the first cuvette into the instrument and press READ P gt Record the reading Record the position of the cuvette and the displayed reading Mark this position on the thicker white band on the top of the cuvette with a water resistant pencil Insert the second cuvette into the ins
13. to correct interferences Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instrument s EMC performance To avoid damage or burns do not put the instrument in microwave ovens For your own and the instrument safety do not use or store the instrument in hazardous environments Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design construction or appearance of its products without advance notice BAN instruments Hanna Instruments Inc Highland Industrial Park 584 Park East Drive Woonsocket RI 02895 USA Technical Support for Customers Tel 800 426 6287 Fax 401 765 7575 E mail tech hannainst com www hannainst com Local Sales and Customer Service Office Printed in ROMANIA MAN98703 06 14
14. Instruction Manual HI 98703 Portable Turbidimeter RISSA instruments www hannainst co m Dear Customer Thank you for choosing a Hanna Instruments product Please read this instruction manual carefully before using this instrument This manual will provide you with the necessary information for correct use of this instrument as well as a precise idea of its versatility If you need additional technical information do not hesitate to e mail us at tech hannainst com or view our worldwide contact list at www hannainst com WARRANTY HI 98703 is guaranteed for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used for its intended purpose and maintained according to instructions This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge Damage due to accidents misuse tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance is not covered If service is required contact the dealer from whom you purchased the instrument If under warranty report the model number date of purchase serial number and the nature of the problem If the repair is not covered by the warranty you will be notified of the charges incurred If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments first obtain a Returned Goods Authorization number from the Technical Service department and then send it with shipping costs prepaid When shipping any instrument make sure it is properly packed for complete protection To validate your warranty fill out a
15. T DETECTOR EMITTED LIGHT IOD gt gt Joon SCATTERED LIGHT DETECTOR The optical system and measuring technique alow the compensation of lamp intensity fluctuations minimizing the need of frequent calibration The lower detection limit of a turbidimeter is determined by the so called stray light Stray light is the light detected by the sensors that is not caused by light scattering from suspended particles The optical system of HI 98703 turbidimeter is designed to have very low stray light providing accurate results for low turbidity samples However special care must be taken when measuring low turbidities see General Tips for an Accurate Measurement for sample preparation and measuring techniques Many methods were used to measure turbidity over the years The Jackson Candle Turbidimeter was used to measure turbidity as Jackson turbidity units JTU The Secchi Disk is commonly used to measure turbidity in lakes and other deep waters mg L Si0 Both methods are visual and are not considered very accurate To obtain more accurate readings a nephelometer should be used as a turbidity reading instrument The HI 98703 turbidimeter reports the measurements only in NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units NTU units are equal to FTU units Formazine Turbidity Units The conversion table between these measurement units is shown bellow JTU NTU FTU SiO mg L FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
16. also provides a logging function Up to 200 measurements can be stored in the internal memory and consulted at any time Data can be downloaded to a PC for storing or further analysis through one of the two available ports RS232 or USB For advanced field applications the HI 98703 turbidimeter is equipped with Tag Identification System TIS that makes data collecting and management simpler than ever 4 TAG IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM Hanna is the first manufacturer of turbidity instruments that has decided to add the unique T I S Tag Identification System to our Portable Turbidimeters to meet the more restrictive needs of the users and fit all advantages of this system to the turbidity measurements and data management The system is designed for scientific and industrial applications or to prove during safety audits and inspections that samples have been truly taken on pre established locations The system is as easy to install as to operate Just fix the so called iButton tags near your sampling sites that need to be checked offen and with this the T I S is setup The tag contains a computer chip embedded in a durable stainless steel can It is designed to withstand the harsh environments indoors or outdoors The number of tags that can be installed is practically unlimited because each tag has a unique identification code Immediately after tags installation you can start collecting data Use the Portable Turbidimeter to take measureme
17. e well rinsed many times with distilled or deionized water Allow cuvettes to air dry and store them for long periods of time with caps to avoid dirt entering inside Always handle the cuvette by touching only the cap or its top side over the horizontal line Always store the cuvettes in separate boxes or with separators between them to avoid scratches on the surface CUVETTE PREPARATION Whenever a cuvette is used it must be clean inside and outside When it is placed into the instrument it must be dry outside completely free of fingerprints or dirt If the cuvette is not indexed put the cuvette with the factory mark aligned with the sign on the instrument top CUVETTE OILING To hide minor imperfections and scratches the cuvettes should be oiled outside with the supplied silicone oil This is very important especially for low turbidity samples lt 1 NTU otherwise scratches can contribute and alter turbidity readings The silicone oil has the same refractive index as the glass and will not alter the turbidity readings It is important to apply only a thin layer of silicone oil Warning Do not apply the oil in excess it may retain dirt or contaminate the cuvette holder of the instrument altering the turbidity readings It is very important to apply the silicone oil on a clean dry cuvette Apply a few drops of oil and wipe the cuvette thoroughly with a lint free cloth Wipe off the excess of oil till you obtain a thi
18. ent top Close the lid and press READ gt The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement Alternatively press LOG CFM to skip the first point The second calibration point 15 0 NTU is then displayed on the primary LCD CAL P2 on the secondary LCD and READ tag will blink If the prepared formazin is used edit the displayed value by pressing or W keys until the display shows the correct value Remove the first standard cuvette and place the 15 0 NTU standard cuvette or the prepared one into the holder and ensure that the cuvette mark is aligned with the sign on the instrument top Close the lid and press READ gt The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement 23 ON OFF P A READ gt red 0 At the end of the measurement the third calibration point 100 NTU is displayed on the primary LCD CAL P3 on the secondary LCD and READ tag will blink At this moment it is possible to exit calibration by pressing CAL The instrument will memorize the two point calibration data and will return to measurement mode THREE POINT CALIBRATION To perform a three point calibration continue the procedure with the following steps Remove the second standard cuvette Place the 100 NTU standard cuvette or the prepared formazin standard into the ho
19. essories ofoYoxo 000 0 000 All rights are reserved Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the copyright owner Hanna Instruments Inc Woonsocket Rhode Island 02895 USA 3 GENERAL DESCRIPTION HI 98703 is a high accuracy EPA compliant portable turbidimeter that benefits from Hanna s years of experience as manufacturer of analytical instruments The HI 98703 meets and exceeds the requirements of the USEPA Method 180 1 for wastewater and Standard Method 2130 B for drinking water The instrument is specially designed for water quality measurements providing a reliable and accurate reading on low turbidity values The HI 98703 instrument measures the turbidity of a sample in the 0 00 to 1000 NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units range An effective algorithm calculates and converts the readings in NTU The instrument has an EPA compliance reading mode which rounds the reading to meet EPA reporting requirements Depending on the measured probe and needed accuracy normal measurement continuous measurement or signal averaging measurement can be selected The instrument is based on a state of the art optical system which guarantees accurate results The optical system consisting in a tungsten filament lamp and two detectors scattered and transmitted assures long term stability and minimizes stray light and color interferences It also compensa
20. he year value and CFM tag will start blinking Press the or W keys to set the year value GLP A AVG V 32 Press LOG CFM or READ to start editing the month value The month value will start blinking Press the or W keys to set the month value Press LOG CFM or READ to start editing the day value The day value will start blinking Press the or W keys to set the day value Note To edit the year again after the day was set press READ gt Press LOG CFM to save the new date The new date will be displayed on the LCD Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes SET THE TIME To set the current time press CAL when set time panel is displayed The time format is hh mm The hour value and CFM tag will start blinking Press the A or W keys to set the hour value Press LOG CFM or READ to start editing the minutes The minutes value will start blinking Press the or W keys to set the minutes value Note To edit the hour again after the minutes were edited press READ gt 33 LOG CFM or GLP A AVG V Ne POO SET DI E nan _ LOG CFM Uo A or GLP A AVG V e Press LOG CFM to save the new time The new set time will be displayed Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes SET INSTRUMENT ID The instrument ID is a four digit number that can be edited by the user The instrument ID is downloaded on the PC applicat
21. ion together with the logged data By setting a different ID for each instrument it is possible to mix information from many turbidimeters into the same database e To set the instrument ID press CAL when set instrument ID panel is displayed The default instrument ID is 0000 The existing ID value and CFM tag will start blinking Press the A or W keys to set the new instrument ID By pressing and holding the A or W keys the changing speed wil increase Press LOG CFM to save the change The new instrument ID will be displayed Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes SET BAUD RATE The HI 98703 has a RS232 and a USB link When the USB connection is used the RS232 connection becomes inactive To successfully communicate with the PC the same baud rate must be selected on the instrument and on the PC application The available baud rates are 1200 2400 4800 and 9600 e To set the baud rate press CAL when set baud rate panel is displayed The parameter value and CFM tag will start blinking 34 LOG CFM GLP A LOG CFM CA AVG V 2345 SET in id Press the A or W keys to select the new baud rate value GLP A AVG V Press LOG CFM to save the change The new selected baud rate will be displayed Alternatively press CAL to exit without saving the changes LOG CFM LCD BACKLIGHT The LCD can be illuminated to allow the user to see the readings even in da
22. ith sample and immerse it 1 2 to 2 3 immersed in an ultrasonic bath Follow the degassing procedure described above Only after the degassing procedure is finished the cuvette can be capped HEATING THE SAMPLE Use of heat to remove air bubbles although very effective in some cases should be handled with care because it can alter the turbidity of the sample When heating a sample the volatile components from the sample can vaporize the suspended components can dissolve or the sample characteristics can change Therefore the heating procedure should be used with extreme care The best way is fo use a warm water bath and immerse the cuvette with sample into the bath Heat the sample only until the visible bubbles are removed Note Always cool the heated sample to the original sample temperature before measurement The heating procedure can be used in combination with vacuum or ultrasonic waves application for a more effective air bubble removal MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE When taking any turbidity measurements several basic rules should be followed e Use always cuvettes without scratches or cracks because they can cause inaccurate readings e Cap always the cuvettes to avoid spillage of the sample into the instrument e Close always the lid of the instrument during measurement e Keep the lid of the instrument closed when it is not used to prevent dust or dirt entering e Put always the instrument on a flat rugged surface when taking meas
23. lder with the cuvette mark aligned with the sign on the instrument Close the lid and press READ The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement At the end of the measurement the fourth calibration point 750 NTU is displayed on the primary LCD and CAL P4 on the secondary LCD At this moment it is possible to exit calibration by pressing CAL The instrument will memorize the three point calibration data and will return to measurement mode FOUR POINT CALIBRATION To perform a four point calibration continue the procedure with the following steps Remove the third standard cuvette Place the 750 NTU standard cuvette or the prepared formazin standard into the holder with the cuvette mark aligned with the sign on the instrument 24 Close the lid and press READ The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement At the end of the measurement the four point calibration is completed and the instrument returns automatically to measurement mode OUT CAL RANGE FUNCTION The instrument has an Out Cal Range function to prevent taking measurements in a range where the calibration does not assure the best results The range where the calibration assures correct measurements is up to 40 NTU for two point calibration and up to 150 of the third point value for three point calibration The
24. log memory record by record By keeping pressed the A or keys the scrolling speed will increase The scrolling of the log is possible from any panel of the record except Delete last log and Delete all logs panels When scrolling the log the number of the record is displayed for one second on the secondary LCD together with TAG if the identification of the sampling location was made When the end of the log is reached an error beep is heard RECORD VIEWING Each record contains more information than the measured value The additional information is grouped in several panels Press READ to scroll through the record panels The record panels are displayed one by one in a circular way Each record contains the following panels e The record value turbidity value and record number Note Ifthe logged sample value is an over range reading the maximum value 1000 will be displayed blinking e The hexadecimal string of the tag for the sampling location ID Note If the ID data are missing dashes are displayed instead 27 GLP A READ gt or AVG V Measurement date in YYYY MM DD format Measurement time in hh mm format Delete the last record panel only for last record Delete all records DELETE LAST RECORD To log other values the last record or all records have to be deleted To delete the last record press SETUP DEL while in delete last records panel
25. mal measurement takes about 10 seconds If normal measurement is selected the AVG tag will not be displayed e Press READ to start the measurement The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear during measurement e Atthe end of the measurement the instrument directly displays turbidity in NTU CONTINUOUS MEASUREMENT This measurement mode can be used when many measurements have to be taken in a short period of time The feature is also useful to evaluate a very fast settling sample This measurement mode is recommended for indexing cuvettes After the first reading is taken the lid opening will not generate any errors The first value is displayed after about 10 seconds and then a new reading is displayed each second In order to make a continuous measurement keep READ gt pressed until the desired number of measurements are taken The display will show blinking dashes and the icons for cuvette detectors and lamp will appear When a new value is displayed the cuvette icon and the measurement unit will briefly blink The last value remains on the display after the READ is released AVERAGED MEASUREMENT Select this measurement mode when samples that cause unstable readings are analyzed By averaging several readings the random noise generated by the sample is reduced and accurate measurements can be taken This mode can also be selected when high accuracy measurements
26. n The location for the new record is also displayed on the secondary LCD To read the ID code for the sampling location identification simply touch the iButton tag with the matching connector located on the back of the instrument see Connectors Description page 9 Alternatively press again LOG CFM to store the record without the tag ID code LOG CFM e If the tag is successfully read the instrument NHO al will beep once displaying the unique _ age Late eae hexadecimal code of the tag and store the data After data is stored the instrument returns to C i TA OD cr measurement mode Notes Ifthe tag is not read within 20 seconds the logging procedure is canceled e A measurement can be stored only once Also an over range value can be stored If less than ten free records are available the LOG tag will blink while storing data e If the log memory is full the LoG FULL message will appear for a few seconds on the LCD and the instrument will return to I r measurement mode without storing the new LOU record FULL To store a new record delete one or more records 26 VIEW LOGGED DATA The stored records can be viewed at any moment by pressing RCL To return to normal measurement mode press RCL again 106 SEARCHING The log records are stored in chronological order The first displayed record is the last stored one e Press A or W keys to scroll the
27. n uniform layer If the procedure is correctly followed the cuvette should appear nearly dry with no visible oil Note The supplied cloth for oiling should be stored together with the silicone oil bottle and cuvettes taking care to avoid contamination with dirt After a few oiling procedures the cloth will contain enough oil to wipe the bottle with it without adding more oil From time to time add some drops of oil on the cuvette to provide the necessary oil quantity in the cloth INDEXING A CUVETTE It is very important for low turbidity readings to always insert the cuvette into the instrument in the same position All cuvettes are factory indexed This index can be used to put the cuvette with the factory mark on the cuvette aligned with the sign on the instrument top To further reduce the effect of glass imperfections the cuvette can be indexed and use this new index as the position mark For indexing one cuvette or matching multiple cuvettes the continuous reading mode is suggested In this mode if READ is kept pressed multiple successive readings are taken without turning off the lamp After first reading is displayed it is possible to open the cuvette lid and rotate the cuvette without generating an error condition The turbidity is immediately displayed reducing drastically the measurement time The lamp of the instrument will turn off only when READ is released Note The instrument can not perform continuous readings if
28. nd return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the date of purchase TABLE OF CONTENTS GENERAL TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE 19 CALIBRATION PROCEDURE un 22 LOGGING ci 26 GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE GLP 29 SEIP asidinin II LCD BACKLIGHT wD TAGINSTAIATION cn 35 LAMP REPLACEMENT cai ie 36 BATTERIES MANAGEMENT 136 PPE INTEREAGE ino 38 ERROR CODES na E E seer earteercoussieu tceeeceesSe ET 38 ACCESSORIES arnon an REE AE E E R EN EA Atanas 39 PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION Please examine this product carefully Make sure that the instrument is not damaged If any damage occurred during shipment please notify your local Hanna Office Each HI 98703 Portable Turbidimeter is supplied complete with e Five Sample Cuvettes and Caps e Calibration Cuvettes HI 98703 11 e Silicone Oil HI 93703 58 e Tissue for wiping the cuvettes e Five Tag holders with Tags HI 920005 e Batteries 4 pcs e AC Adapter e Instruction Manual e Instrument Quality Certificate e Rigid carrying case Tag holders amp tags AC adapter Batteries Sample cuvets Va a Y MI YF NI Pa AMCO calibration cuvets OK Ji Instrument Silicone oil Note Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument functions correctly Any defective item must be returned in its original packing with the supplied acc
29. nts and memorize the test result by pressing the Log on Demand key Then the instrument will ask for the tag identification Simply touching the iButton with the matching connector on the Portable Turbidimeter does identify and authenticate logging by storing the iButton serial number time and date stamp The power of the T 1 S features resides in the PC application Download all test data to your PC and use our HI 92000 Windows compatible application software for further data management You can sort or filter all your collected test data on different criteria like on a specific sampling location parameter date and time intervals or fix range to filter measured values The data can be plotted in a graph exported to other common Windows applications or printed for reporting purpose It is also possible to add new tags later on thus increasing an already existing database Each time the PC software recognizes a new added tag it will ask for a description of the new sampling location ABBREVIATIONS NTU Nephelometric Turbidity Units JTU Jackson Turbidity Units FTU Formazin Turbidity Units USEPA US Environmental Protection Agency LCD Liquid Crystal Display RTC Real Time Clock RH Relative Humidity TIS Tag Identification System ID Identification iButton is registered Trademark of MAXIM DALLAS semiconductor Corp 5 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION Turbidity of the water is an optical property that causes light to be
30. olution 4000 NTU can be stored up to one year in proper conditions Store formazin in amber glass bottle or any UV light blocking bottle To obtain a high quality formazin always use pure reagents and high purity water To prepare the calibration standards dilute the stock solution with the same high purity water you used for the preparation of the stock solution The diluted formazin solutions are not stable They should be used immediately after preparation and discard immediately after use If the prepared formazin is used enter the actual standard value by pressing or W key to edit the value of the second third or fourth calibration point CALIBRATION For best results the measurement techniques must be followed during calibration If formazin standards are used mix the cuvettes gently for about 1 minute and then allow the standard to settle for one more minute before calibration Calibration can be performed in two three or four points It is possible to interupt calibration procedure at any time by pressing CAL or ON OFF 22 TWO POINT CALIBRATION Turn the instrument on by pressing ON OFF When the LCD displays dashes the instrument is ready Enter calibration mode by pressing CAL The display will show CAL P1 and no suggested value This first point is used to check the optical system Place the lt 0 1 NTU standard cuvette into the holder and ensure that the cuvette mark is aligned with the sign on the instrum
31. our digit main display The main display shows the turbidity value after one measurement Depending on the instrument working mode other values or messages are displayed Measurement units The turbidity is measured in NTU When average or continuous mode is selected the NTU tag blinks for each new displayed value For conversions in other units see Measurement Units section AVG icon When selected the measurement will be taken in average mode The NTU tag will blink for each new displayed value Four digit secondary display The secondary display shows the current time if selected or other values messages n A w N Sw a o sa co a BEEPER A beeper is used to make the user interface more friendly An error or invalid key press is signaled by a long beep A confirmation beep is signaled by a short beep The beeper is selectable as ON or OFF in Setup Menu SPECIFICATIONS Range Range Selection Resolution Accuracy Repeatibility Stray Light Light Source Lamp Life Light Detector Method Display Standards Calibration LOG Memory Serial Interface Environment Power supply Auto Shut off Dimensions Weight 0 00 to 9 99 NTU 10 0 to 99 9 NTU 100 to 1000 NTU Automatically 0 01 NTU from 0 00 to 9 99 NTU 0 1 NTU from 10 0 to 99 9 NTU 1 NTU from 100 to 1000 NTU 2 of reading plus 0 02 NTU 1 of reading or 0 02 NTU whichever is greater lt 0 02 NTU Tungsten filament lamp
32. r prepared standards HI 98703 turbidimeter is supplied with 4 AMCO standards lt 0 1 NTU 15 NTU 100 NTU and 750 NTU The Hanna standards are specially designed for this instrument The turbidity standards have a shelf life and should not be used after the expiration date Alternatively formazin standards can be used It is recommended that the prepared calibration solutions to be close to the default calibration points The first point should be near 0 NTU The second point can be chosen between 10 and 20 NTU the third point between 50 and 150 NTU and the fourth point between 600 and 900 NTU FORMAZIN PREPARATION In order to prepare formazin 4000 NTU stock solution follow the next procedure Solution Dissolve 1 000 grams of hydrazine sulfate NH H SO in distilled deionized water and dilute to 100 mL in a volumetric flask Warning Handle hydrazine sulfate with care because it is a carcinogen reagent Avoid inhalation ingestion or skin contact Formazin solution can also contain some hydrazine traces Solution Il Dissolve 10 000 grams of hexamethylenetetramine CH N in distilled deionized water and dilute to 100 mL in a volumetric flask Stock solution Mix 10 mL Solution and 10 mL Solution II in a flask Let the stock solution stays 48 hours at 25 3 C 77 5 F This will result in a 4000 NTU formazin suspension It is very important for the formation of the formazin polymer to maintain the same temperature The stock s
33. rk environments To turn ON or OFF the backlight press LIGHT The backlight will automatically shut off after 25 seconds of non use to save the battery life LIGHT TAG INSTALLATION The tag is housed in a rugged metal that can withstand harsh environments However it is better to protect the tag from direct rain Place the tag near a sampling point Fix it securely with the provided screws in such a way that the metallic iButton is easily accessible for reading the tag The number of tags that can be installed is practically unlimited Additional tags can be ordered HI 920005 five tag holders with tags 35 LAMP REPLACEMENT The instrument tungsten lamp has a life longer than 100 000 measurements In case of lamp failure the defective lamp can be easily replaced When the lamp is broken the instrument displays no L error message To replace the lamp follow the next steps e Remove the battery lid e Unscrew the lamp connection using a screwdriver e Unlock the lamp and extract it by pulling it out from the lamp holder handler e Place the new lamp in the right position and push it until is securely locked e Insert the lamp leads into the connector and tight them using a screwdriver Warning After lamp replacement the meter needs to be recalibrated BATTERIES MANAGEMENT For field measurements HI 98703 is powered by 4 AA batteries The battery life is enough for 1500 normal measurements
34. scattered and absorbed rather than transmitted The scattering of the light that passes through a liquid is primarily caused by the suspended solids The higher the turbidity the greater the amount of scattered light Because even the molecules in a very pure fluid scatter light to a certain degree no solution will have zero turbidity The USEPA Method 180 1 specify the key parameters for the optical system to measure turbidity for drinking saline and surface water in a 0 to 40 NTU range using the nephelometric method The HI 98703 Portable Turbidimeter is designed to meet or exceed the criteria specified by the USEPA Method 180 1 and Standard Method 2130 B The light beam that passes through the sample is scattered in all directions The intensity and pattern of the scattered light is affected by many variables like wavelenght of the incident light particle size shape refractive index and color The Hanna s HI 98703 is based on a state of the art optical system that guarantee both high performance and reliable results This optical system includes a tungsten filament lamp a scattered light detector 90 and a transmitted light detector 180 The microprocessor of the instrument calculates from the signals that reaches the two detectors the NTU value using an effective algorithm This algorithm corrects and compensates for interferences of color making the HI 98703 turbidimeter color compensated FILTER LENS LAMP ouver TRANSMITTED LIGH
35. ss to save the log records or to confirm the selected option 15 READ press to start a measurement Press and hold to make a continuous measurement In Log Recall it is used to see the content of a record In GLP it is used to see all available informations In SETUP during date or time editing it is used to move the focus on the next setting item 16 SETUP DEL press to enter exit setup The DEL function is available in Log Recall to delete one or all records In GLP it is used to delete the user calibration CONNECTORS DESCRIPTION JIA oe NJ J n 17 AC adapter connector used to connect an external AC Adapter 18 RS232 connector used to transfer data through the RS232 connection Use HI 920011 serial cable to connect to the PC 19 Tag reader connector Touch the tag with the connector to read the location identification number during logging 20 USB connector used to transfer data to the PC DISPLAY DESCRIPTION ooo X MAEHE A LA ve SET DATETIME PA HEA READ TAG CALP n i Battery icon When it is ON it shows that the instrument works on battery When blinking the batteries are almost empty and need to be replaced Wait icon It is displayed when the instrument performs an internal checkup Lamp icon The lamp icon is shown when the lamp is turned on Measurement icon The icon shows the measuring scheme of the instrument F
36. tes for variations in intensity of the lamp minimizing the need of frequent calibration The 25 mm round cuvettes made from special optical glass guarantee the repeatability and consistency of the measurements Calibration can be easily performed at any time in two three ot four points lt 0 1 15 100 and 750 NTU adjustable calibration points using the supplied or user prepared standards HI 98703 has complete GLP Good Laboratory Practice functions that allows traceability of the calibration conditions The last calibration points time and date can be checked at any time by a single touch HI 98703 has a very user friendly interface with an easy to read large LCD Liquid Crystal Display The displayed codes guide the user step by step with routine operation and through calibration Confirmation and acoustic signals help the user during instrument operation The HI 98703 turbidimeter is a truly splash proof portable instrument It is supplied with a rigid carrying case that offers protection for harsh environments One battery set is enough for at least 1500 measurements The battery charging percentage and low battery condition are displayed on the LCD to avoid unexpected battery failure In order to save the battery life the instrument has an auto shut off feature and will turn off after 15 minutes of non use In addition the instrument is equipped with backlight and the current time is continuously displayed on the LCD The instrument
37. the sample will cause high turbidity readings To obtain accurate measurements remove the air bubbles using one of these methods e Application of a partial vacuum e Addition of a surfactant such as Triton X 100 e Use of an ultrasonic bath e Heating the sample Sometimes it is necessary to combine two or more methods for efficient air bubble removal Note Each method can alter the sample turbidity if misused so they have to be used with caution 16 APPLICATION OF VACUUM Vacuum works by decreasing the atmospheric pressure In this way the bubbles from the solution came out to the surface Application of vacuum is a very simple procedure and can be applied with any vacuum source at hand The simplest equipment at hand is a syringe and a rubber stopper for vacuum degassing Notes Pay attention that the vacuum equipment be clean and oil free e t is not recommended to apply vacuum to a viscous sample that contains volatile components In such cases the vacuum can determine the volatile component of the viscous sample to increase the bubbles from the sample ADDITION OF SURFACTANT Surfactant addition works by changing the surface tension of the water In this way bubbles are released from the sample This method is effective in samples that are supersaturated with air The procedure consists in the addition of a drop of surfactant in the cuvette before adding the sample to be analyzed A convenient surfactant to use for degassing
38. trument and take a reading e Open the instrument lid slightly rotate the cuvette and take a new reading e Repeat the last step for the second cuvette until the reading is within 0 01 NTU of the value obtained for the first cuvette e Alternatively keep READ pressed and after the first value is displayed open the lid and start rotating the cuvette until the displayed value matches the first cuvette e Mark this position on the second cuvette with a water resistant pencil e Follow the same procedure for all the necessary cuvettes Note If the cuvette is indexed use the index to position it in the instrument SAMPLING TECHNIQUE When taking turbidity measurements it is very important to select a representative sample For consistent results follow the next tips when sampling e Gently mix the water before taking the sample e Ifthe sample is taken from a pipe discard the first few liters e f measuring a non uniform source collect samples from different places and mix them When measuring the collected sample keep in mind the following e Samples should be analyzed immediately after collection because the turbidity can change in time e To avoid dilution of the sample it is better to rinse the cuvette with a quantity of sample and then discard Only after this you can fill the cuvette with sample e Pay attention that cold samples do not condense on the sample cell REMOVING AIR BUBBLES Any air bubbles present in
39. urements e Do not operate in direct sunlight e Do not use too much oil to prevent contamination of the optical system To take turbidity measurements follow the next steps e Tum the instrument ON by pressing ON OFF When dashes are displayed on the LCD the instrument is ready On the secondary LCD the current time appears if selected in SETUP menu ON OFF e Filla clean dry cuvette with 10 mL of sample up to the mark taking care to handle the cuvette by the top e Replace the cap e Wipe the cuvette thoroughly with a lint free cloth to remove any fingerprints dirt or water Spots e Apply silicone oil on the cuvette and wipe with a lint free cloth to obtain an even film over the entire surface of the cuvette Note It is very important to oil the cuvette especially for low turbidity values lt 1 NTU to hide the glass imperfections that can influence the reading e Place the cuvette into the instrument Align the mark from the cuvette with the sign on the instrument case and close the lid Note Ifyou have a cuvette with orientation mark place the cuvette into the instrument with the orientation mark aligned with the sign on the instrument top NORMAL MEASUREMENT This type of measurement can be used for regular measurements when the sample is stable and normal accuracy is required In normal measurement mode the lamp is ON for a minimum period of time about 7 seconds saving the battery life Nor
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