LABORATORY: „TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS & NETWORKS
Contents
1. eaeaeer PS 5 A a 2 Y A AAAGA SoGi 2 292999 549978 566 DATA lt 4 k 3 548878 595 DATA 4 s 543988 566 DATA i 549988 594 DATA oq TA TA BRL p t 5 LL 000 000 000 000 000 CLES TRC SULA FE RA Q 4 p ll an gt corps r 10076 Node ID 5 475 169 F E root localhost usr a nctuns localhost u E nctuns localhost NCTUns 6 0 version 71 less J T Fig 9 Log file with information on changed packets of data 5 2 Animation Player Files with simulation results are used by the animation player that shows the flow of packets in the network Fig 10 The player is activated automatically when the program is switched to the simulation results replay mode The animations may be also switched on when the simulation is running in real time SiST Page 11 m NCTUns 6 0 version 9 1 2009 home nctuns NCTUns Projekty Ex1 ex1 tpl File Edit G Tools N Tools G Setting N Setting Simulation View Help MA N en CWRJJKNKSO ECH 3 2 1 4 T J TA k interface ID 1 822 350 Fig 10 Packet Animation of data flow in the network 5 3 Performance Monitor A user can execute the Menu menu G_Tools gt Plot Graph Fig 11 command to launch the performance monitor From the performance monitor window a user can select menu File gt Open a desired log file to open w home nctuns NCTUns2. m EL 1 FL H NH M 000 000 OO A oo NO Qa gt m pios 5 o 1 Select Node ID 1 732 450 59g 3 Bright control Fig 12 Example topology of the network that consists of one router and five hosts 6 2 E Editing parameters of networks elements 1 Switch the program mode into edit property mark E button on the tool bar P E R Por in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Edit Property At the moment of modes switching devices addresses will be generated automatically for the defined network They can be seen when one indicates blue boxes on the links terminals between successive elements One can set SiST Page 13 5 many parameters of the devices in this mode define the traffic characterization set on and off times etc The set of possible parameters depends on a given device type Double click on the host icon with the IP address 1 0 1 2 In the dialog box choose Application and press Add button Write 5 in the box Start time and in Stop time 50 in Command stcp p 8000 1 0 2 2 within 5 and 50 second of the simulation the device will send TCP packets to the station addressed 1 0 2 2 Double click on the host icon with the IP address 1 0 3 2 In the dialog box of the device properties choose Application and press Add button Write 15 in the box Start time and in Stop time 70 in Command stcp p 9000 1 0 2
3. Fig 8 Visualization of the simulation results packet animation with the graph of a chosen parameter function versus time SIST Page 10 5 Tools to Visualize The Results During simulation the result file generated by the simulation engine with the events list is stored automatically This file is used for the animation to demonstrate the network work then When the user defines the network nodes parameters he she may force recording work parameters of selected devices to be stored in suitable log files and being ready to be used in graphs Here one has the number of lost packets the number of collisions link bandwidth etc 5 1 LogFiles To display the log file that consists information on the packet transfer within the network one should choose the menu G Tools View Packet Trace Fig 9 One can see the meaning of successive columns by the menu G_Tools gt Show Packet Trace Format 6 Programy Miejsca System GB dp EF nie 7lis 00 06 nctuns m NCTUns 6 0 version 9 1 2009 home nctuns NCTUns Projekty Ex1 ex1 tpl gaok 0 603 DATA lt 1 0 gt 0 577 DATA lt 1 0 gt 0 588 DATA lt 1 0 gt lt 10 577 DATA lt 1 0 gt 10 588 DATA lt 1 0 gt 10 603 DATA lt 1 0 gt 16666 609 DATA 16666 590 DATA 16666 565 DATA 16676 609 DATA 16676 590 DATA 16676 565 DATA 17241 522 DATA 17251 522 DATA LALLE Enl LAAT M LLA4LLA4 LN LALWALAM RRH IZAAAAQ ZE DERP NEM A ei 2 Y Banaanannanya VEY ee
4. 14 r From Routert to Host2 Delay 1 00 us C T A L C T A C Delay 1 00 us C T A L C T A C Bandwidth 10 00 mops TAL crAc Bandwdth tooo Me craL crac BENT fo c000000000 cmar crac BER no00000000 craL crac r Down time r Down time state Ende 20 00 40 00 PLM Delete C T A L sme Emi Add Delete C T A L Em ce Fig 14 Setting the inactive time of the link SiST Page 16 8 Real Time Simulations Among the options of NCTUns program there is a possibility performing the network simulation in redl time The advantage of such a simulation is that one can log in to the selected node and give commands during the time when the simulation is on for example ping tcpdump traceroute ifconfig route netstat from the level of the modeled device Also the packet animation may be switched on during this mode To switch the mode into redl time one should choose menu G_Tools gt Simulation then Speed and mark the option As fast as the real world clock Fig 15 Simulation Simulation Speed Real Time GUI GDB Deb One tick 100 nanosecol Simulation Speed v As fast as possible As fast as the real world clock k This speed must be selected for an emula However it can also be used for a simulati Fig 15 Switching the real time simulation on To start the command console for the selected node indicate
5. 2 within 15 and 70 second of the simulation the device will send TCP packets to the station addressed 1 0 2 2 Double click on the host icon with the IP address 1 0 2 2 In the dialog box of the device properties choose Application and press Add button Write 0 in the box Start time and in Stop time 100 in Command rtcp p 8000 Press Add button again In Start time write O and in Stop time 100 in Command rtcp p 9000 the device will receive TCP packets on 8000 and 9000 ports Save the changes in the projects 6 3 R Calculations 1 3 Switch the mode to the emulation of the network mark R button on the tool bar P R P or in the menu File gt Operating Mode gt Run Simulation Check dispatcher settings Select menu G_Setting gt Dispatcher the value 127 0 0 1 should be visible in the P address box in the dialog window and the value 9800 in Port Fig 13 xj m Preference Job dispatcher IP address hz b b Port 9800 User information User name netuns Password Email address The user name here cannot be root Otherwise the command console function cannot work correctly OK Cancel Fig 13 Dispatcher settings Start calculations in the menu Simulation gt Run When the simulation is started correctly the time counter in the bottom part of the interface should show the progress of calculations SIST Page 14 The speed of the simulation
6. 4 23 FzEzKRirkB JBESBOWZEKRZ BH PRAAAACAJDERP A mmm e a 351 171 4 77 NCTUns 6 0 version E S OF A B O C Eroh control Fig 3 GUI of NCTUns program SiST Page 4 3 Basic Elements of NCTUns program GUI NCTUns program GIU consists of following elements menu that allows to enter into program functions Fig 4 M tool bars that allow among others to define a network topology icons represent different device classes or to change the active mode of the program Fig 4 PN work area where the topology of the analysed network is defined Fig 4 OR status bar where the information on the run simulation is placed together with press buttons to control the replay of the simulation results Fig 4 ST FE Fedora1 2 Uruchomiona Sun VirtualBox Programy Miejsca System gt k gt E pia24wrz 11 42 nctuns D o motun v sion 9 1 2009 M lt al File Edit G Tools N Tools G Setting N Setting Simulation View Help eS orek SEU aieavouecus T3 9ves 2fvm wi ee mmsNN vs LA i 5 Si LUA A PN PSE PRrka BEOBOWERS KAKH PRAAAASA 1D JE RPL lt e n a m mm M OR j eect u eo Yo 2 SIP ULLLLLLK L ULLLLGCOCLLOLLLLLLLELLALLL I Bi RE E eae AE LE ST e51 171 ZN TRE 0 E
7. EE WT SOF A AO O Hro come Fig 4 Main elements of NCTUns program GUI SiST Page 5 4 Starting the work with NCTUns program The projekt work consists of four stages with them suitable program modes are connected stage No 1 network topology editor D button on the tool bar 9 E R P or in menu File Operating Mode Draw Topology stage No 2 Attribute Dialog Box E button on the tool bar 9 RP or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Edit Property stage No 3 simulation of the network work R button on the tool bar E R P or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Run Simulation stage No 4 animation plater and simulation results visualisation P button on the tool bar D ERP or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Play Back To open any existing project one should select menu File gt Open and then indicate the project file tpl To make a new network project one should select menu File gt New When the new project is initiated an empty work area appears in the screen when elements of the modeled network can be put Make sure that the valid mode is Topology Editor D button on the tool bar P E R P or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Draw Topology and then select a network element from the tool bar show the place in the work area with the cursor and press the mouse left button left click When the topology is defined the user may enter the next stage where node attributes m
8. fedora wy czona le x j System Pami podstawowa Processor s Kolejno startowania YT xfAMD V Zagnie d one stronicowanie Display Pami wideo Akceleracja 3D Remote Display Server Dyski twarde IDE Pierwszy Nadrz dny E CD DVD ROM Obraz B Dyskietka Aliezamontowana fp D wi k Sterownik gospodarza Kontroler w Sie Karta 1 Fedora12 Fedora 256 MB 1 Dyskietka CD DVD ROM Dysk twardy w czone Wy czone 12 MB Wylaczona Wylaczony fedora12 vdi Normalny 8 00 GB VBoxGuestAdditions iso Windows DirectSound ICH ACS PCnet FAST III NAT Fig 1 VirtualBox window selecting the virtual engine to be started FE Fedora12 Uruchomiona Sun VirtualBox Maszyna Urz dzenia Pomoc GNU GRUB version 0 97 Fedora NCTUns Fedora Fedora 639K louer 261056K upper memory Use the T and 1 keys to select which entry is highlighted Press enter to boot the selected US e to edit the commands before booting a before booting or c for a command line fedora to modify the kernel arguments Fig 2 Selecting the Linux Fedora system kernel SiST SUPERBES 3 Programy Miejsca System 66 m k op a pi 24 wrz 11 42 nctuns eJ fes File Edit G Tools N Tools G Setting N Setting Simulation View Help Jj XA o 44 amp m oums5eBeugp uug 4 39ovs jg a nije s a MEy vrah L3 4 LA GIM 3 23 3
9. it with the cursor when the simulation is on and double left click Then choose the Command console button in the dialog box Fig 16 The terminal window should appear which enables to execute commands from the chosen node level Fig 17 SiST Page 17 Host ID Name us Application Down time Mobile iP rtg u stg u 1400 50 1 0 6 2 stcp p 8000 1 0 6 2 stcp p 8040 1 0 6 2 1 unlidiioli Nace Node editor OK Fig 16 Starting the command console when the simulation is on 3 Programy Miejsca System T mE A ap ae nie 7 lis 13 43 nctuns ka NCTUns 6 0 version 9 1 2009 home nctuns NCTUns Projekty Ex1 ex1 tpl BER nctuns localhost Sie x them to appear in XXX results dir these files must be generated in this dir m B NODE 2 nctuns amp localhost ping 1 0 4 1 64 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 1 ttl 62 time 61 8 ms 64 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 2 ttl 62 time 59 8 ms 64 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 3 tt1 62 time 68 6 ms B4 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 4 ttl 62 time 60 7 ms B4 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq B ttl 62 time E6 5 ms 64 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq ttl 62 time 4 96 ms 64 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 8 ttl 62 time 61 5 ms B4 bytes from 1 0 4 1 icmp seq 9 ttl 52 time 61 9 ms B4 bytes from UTE icmp seq 10 tt1 62 time 58 6 ms 1 0 4 13 1 0 4 1 1 0 4 1 1 0 4 1 1 0 4 1 E E E E B4 bytes from icmp seq 11 ttl 62 time 50 9 ms
10. may vary from the real time More parameters relating to the speed of calculations may be set in the menu G_Setting gt Simulation gt Speed 6 4 P Looking At The Results Tools To Visualize 1 When the simulaion is completed the program should switch automatically to play back mode When required one may change the mode mark P button on the tool bar E R P or in the menu File gt Operating Mode gt Play Back 2 Using control buttons placed in the bottom parto f the screen one may play back the network operation Data that is saved in the ptr file Packet Animation Trace will be showed as the animation presenting the data exchange among successive nodes Fig 10 3 Select menu G Tools View Packet Trace and indicate ptr file named with the same name as the projekt to put its cotent to the screen Successive lines show successive events that occurred during the simulated period of operation Fig 9 SiST Page 15 7 Simulating The Devices Failures NCTUns Simulator makes possible testing the network behavior when a failure of the selected device happens To model such a scenario that one of the elements fails one should switch to the edit mode E Then he she should indicate the node or the link with the cursor and double left click The ranges when the device is inactive during the simulation can be defined Down time section press Add and indicate start and stop times of the range r From Host2 to Router1 Fig
11. Name N2 P1 BrolnOut log Fig 7 Selecting work parameters of host to save in log files When a user finishes editing the properties of network nodes and specifying application programs to be executed during a simulation he she can start to run the simulation To do so the user must switch the mode explicitly from Edit Property to Run Simulation R button on the tool bar D E R P or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Run Simulation Entering this mode indicates that no more changes can should be made to the simulation case which is reasonable The simulation is about to be started At this moment of course no settings should be changed After the simulation is finished the simulation server will send back the simulation result files to the GUI program and will then automatically switch to the Play Back mode P button on the tool bar DER P Then one can open the animation that shows the data flow and plot graphs with selected parameters of the network work parameters versus time Fig 8 SiST Page 9 mi NCTUns 6 0 version 9 1 2009 home nctuns NCTUns Projekty Exl ex1_tpl File Edit G Tools N Tools G Setting N Setting Simulation View Help M home nctuns NCTUns Projekty Ex1 ex1 results ex1 80 x B AM Mj Ek 38 Bu Jg t g File Window Color Option BE LL4LL4CLULLWVATLSU ii ani a i W amp MO EE S4 DERP value TA 4 Node ID 1 ee 7
12. Politechnika todzka Instytut Elektroniki LABORATORY TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS amp NETWORKS PART 1 NCTUNS PROGRAM INTRODUCTION 1 NCTUns Program In General NCTUns Program is an extensible network simulator and emulator for teleinformatic networks NCTUns directly uses the real life Linux s TCP IP protocol stack to generate high fidelity simulation results By using the novel kernel re entering simulation methodology a real life UNIX kernel s protocol stack is directly used to generate high fidelity simulation results In NCTUns all real life existing or to be developed UNIX application programs can be run up on a node in a simulated network In NCTUns the configuration and operation for a simulated network are exactly the same as those for a real life IP network NCTUns simulates Ethernet based IP networks with fixed nodes and point to point links It simulates IEEE 802 11 a b wireless LAN networks including both the ad hoc and infrastructure modes It simulates GPRS cellular networks It simulates optical networks including traditional circuit switching optical network and more advanced optical burst switching OBS networks and many more NCTUns simulates various protocols such as IEEE 802 3 CSMA CD MAC IEEE 802 11 a b e p CSMA CA MAC the learning bridge protocol used by switches the spanning tree protocol used by switches IP Mobile IP RIP OSPF UDP TCP HTTP FTP Telnet etc It simulates the DiffServ QoS protocol
13. Projekty Ex1 ex1 results ex1 80 x File Window Color Option value Fig 11 Example graph with the host bandwidth dependence versus time SiST Page 12 6 Emulation of An Example Network Operation 6 1 D Defining network topology 1 Create a New network project menu File gt New 2 Make sure that the valid mode is Drawing D button on the tool bar is marked 9 E R P or in the menu File gt Operating Mode gt Draw Topology 3 Select the router symbol on the tool bar and left click in the work area of the program As the result the router should be added to the topology and its symbol should be visible in the work area 4 Select the host symbol on the tool bar and left click in several as many times as many hosts one wants to add to the network topology places in the work area 5 Select the link icon on the tool bar and keeping the mouse left button pressed connect network elements one to the other for example successive hosts with router As the result of 1 5 steps the network as in Fig 12 is visible 6 Save the project file menu File gt Save As ficos Urchin in CH 3 Programy Miejsca system Qe oz A gom p czw 28 pa 16 01 nctun Imo NetUns6 0 version 9 1 2009 File Edit G Tools N Tools G Setting N Setting Simulation View Help XA rory Ru un t ijo sa aMMy veja HA L3 4 LA 9i KLASA LG 99X 5 8l5bee6bbO PZks 5 B 7 AAAGA amp
14. can modify IP address of the host and indicate the node work parameters to be saved in log files during the simulation Fig 7 SiST Page 7 Node Editor x pp Select Mode x W Il unaol Redraw cael ctANITOK FSR cancel Fig 6 Access to advanced settings of the network node SiST Page 8 x3 m Module Edit Parameters Setting Mac Address Mi 5 Transmission Mode Full duplex __ OK w Half duplex Cancel _ Promiscuous Mode E Log Packet Statistics k Log Time Interval T sec Number Of Uni cast Incoming Packets F Number Of Collision Packets Log File Name o23 N2 P1 Uniln log Log File Name 8023 N2 P1 Coll log Number Of Uni cast Outgoing Packets Number Of Drop Packets Log File Name P3 N2 P1 UniOut log Log File Name lo23 N2 P1 Drop log Number Of Uni cast Incoming And Outgo Throughput KB sec of Incoming Packets Log File Name N2 P1 UnilnOut log Log File Name N2 P1 InThrput log Number Of Broadcast Incoming Packets M Throughput KB sec of Outgoing Packets Log File Name 23 N2 P1 Broln log Log File Name N2 P1 OutThrput log Number Of Broadcast Outgoing Packets Throughput KB sec of Incoming And Outg Log File Name bs N2 P1 _BroOut log Log File Name 2 P1 InOutThrput log Number Of Broadcast Incoming And Outg Log File
15. icmp seq 12 ttl 62 time 62 0 ms icmp seq 13 ttl 52 time 0 507 ms icmp seq 14 ttl 62 time 0 516 ms 64 bytes from 1 icmp seq 15 ttl 62 time 0 511 ms 64 bytes from 1 icmp seq 16 tt1 62 time 0 516 ms C 1 0 4 1 ping statistics 50 1 0 6 2 Modity 16 packets transmitted 15 received BZ packet loss time 15801ms rtt min avg nax ndev 0 507 42 565 69 888 29 338 ms 0 1 0 6 2 nctunstlocalhost B 64 bytes from 1 B4 bytes from 64 bytes from 005 011 Bu mu Node ID 2 E root localhost usr l nctunsGlocalhost u NCTUns 6 0 version Fig 17 Executing the system commands when the simulation is on SiST Page 18 9 Experiments to be made 1 Get acquainted with accessible models of basic devices hub switch router host sub network point to point link Modify the network model made before with these elements Check what parameters can be set for successive components 2 Testtraffic generators defining for a selected pair of hoss stcp rtcp stg rtg rtp rtcp 3 Check what parameters of basic notes may be monitorem and saved in log files Try the grach tool for any node for example a host 4 Switch the real time simulation for a simple network Log in to a chosen host Test using the command window perform example commands as ping 5 Getacquainted with example projects home nctuns Pobrane nctuns 6 0 examples They may serve a
16. s the base to build own network projects SiST Page 19 10 References 1 Shie Yuan Wang Chih Liang Chou Chih Che Lin The GUI User Manual for the NCTUns 6 0 Network Simulator and Emulator National Chiao Tung University Tajwan 2010 2 Shie Yuan Wang Chih Liang Chou Chih Che Lin Chih Hua Huang The Protocol Developer Manual for the NCTUns 6 0 Network Simulator and Emulator National Chiao Tung University Tajwan 2010 SiST Page 20
17. suite the optical light path setup protocol the RTP RTCP SDP protocol suite It simulates the IEEE 802 16 d e j WiMAX PMP protocol suites and the 802 16 d mesh mode protocol suite and DVBRCST A user may add his her own protocol thanks to the open structure 2 NCTUns Getting Started To start the work with NCTUns the student should log in as the user student password telekomunikacja IN POLISH start Sun VirtualBox program select Fedora12 virtual engine and start it by pressing Uruchom button Fig 1 When Fedora system is starting a window appears with selecting the system kernel then the student should select the option NCTUns 2 6 31 6 nctuns20091227 and confirm by Enter Fig 2 When the system is on LOG IN as the user nctuns password nctuns Before starting NCTUns klient program one should start dispatcher and coordinator programs which are in usr local nctuns bin directory To make this one should start terminal its abbreviation is on the board screen and perform the command run nctuns then one can start nctunsclient program that is in usr local nctuns bin directory Its abbreviation is on the board screen When the above steps are completed correctly the GUI of NCTUns program appears Fig 3 SiST Page 2 Sun VirtualBox Plik Maszyna Pomoc a EJ E zawod E moo cue o 8 4929 Nowa Ustawienia Uruchom Odrzu EE Og lne Nazwa Typ systemu
18. ust be determined To make this the program mode must be changed into Editing Nodes Properties E button on the tool bar E R P or in menu File gt Operating Mode gt Edit Property When changing the mode the program will ask to indicate the file localization and the name for the project and generate the basic settlements for the network in these IP addresses for the devices In this mode one can determine more advanced parameters of the devices operation as for example delays and error bit rates in transmitting links applications traffic generators operating on indicated nodes routing protocols buffer sizes work parameters to be saved in log files onand off limes of devices Editing network nodes properties can be done in two steps In the first step a user can use the mouse to double click a node s icon A dialog box will appear in which a user can set parameter values or option values Fig 5 SiST Page 6 Host ID Name hoste Application Down time Mobile IP Start time s Stop time s Command 2 000000 100 000000 stcp p 8000 1 0 6 2 22 000000 24 000000 stcp p 8040 1 0 6 2 Fig 5 The window to define node parameters In this example host defining applications traffic generators setting Then the user may double click the Node editor in the dialog box to hale the access to more advanced setting Fig 6 For example by selecting the MAC 802 3 layer box one
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