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NI PCI-5911 User Manual

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1. Sampling Frequency Bandwidth Noise Density Total Noise 100 n MS s 100 MHz 120 dBfs Hz 43 dBfs 12 5 MS s 3 75 MHz 135 dBfs Hz 64 dBfs 5 MS s 2 MHz 143 dBfs Hz 83 dBfs 2 5 MS s 1 MHz 152 dBfs Hz 91 dBfs NI PCI 5911 User Manual A 4 ni com Appendix A Specifications Sampling Frequency Bandwidth Noise Density Total Noise 1 MS s 400 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 104 dBfs 500 kS s 200 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 107 dBfs 200 kS s 80 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 111 dBfs 100 kS s 40 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 114 dBfs 50 kS s 20 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 117 dBfs 20 kS s 8 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 121 dBfs 10 kS s 4 kHz 160 dBfs Hz 124 dBfs 1 lt n 2 in conventional mode Distortion Sampling SFDR for Input SFDR for Input SFDR for Input Frequency 0 dBfs 20 dBfs 60 dBfs typical 100 MS s 50 dBfs 50 dBfs N A 12 5 MS s 65 dBfs 85 dBfs 125 dBfs 5 MS s 70 dBfs 90 dBfs 130 dBfs 2 5 MS s 75 dBfs 95 dBfs 135 dBfs 1 MS s 85 dBfs 105 dBfs 145 dBfs 500 kS s 90 dBfs 110 dBfs 150 dBv 200 kS s 100 dBfs 110 dBfs 160 dBfs 100 kS s 100 dBfs 110 dBfs 160 dBfs 50 kS s 100 dBfs 110 dBfs 160 dBfs 20 kS s 100 dBfs 110 dBfs 160 dBfs 10 kS s 100 dBfs 110 dBfs 160 dBfs Timebase System Reference clock 10 MHz Clock accuracy as master sese ee eee 10 MHz 50 ppm Clock input tolerance as slave 10 MHz 100 ppm National Instruments Corporation A 5 N
2. DC and AC software selectable AC coupling cut off frequency dB st humain AN 2 5 Hz 0 5 Hz Input impedance 1 MQ 2 Max measurable input voltage 10 V DC peak AC Input protection 42 VDC DC peak AC Input bias current 1 nA typical at 25 C Common Mode Characteristics Impedance to chassis ground ss 10 KQ Common mode rejection ratio CMRR gt 70 dB Fin lt 1 KHz National Instruments Corporation A 3 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Filtering Sampling Frequency Filter Mode Bandwidth Ripple Alias Attenuation 100 n MS s Conventional 100 MHz 3 dB N A 12 5 MS s Flexible 3 75 MHz 0 2 dB 60 dB Resolution 5 MS s Flexible 2 MHz 0 1 dB 70 dB Resolution 2 5 MS s Flexible 1 MHz 0 05 dB 80 dB Resolution 1 MS s Flexible 400 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 500 kS s Flexible 200 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 200 kS s Flexible 80 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 100 kS s Flexible 40 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 50 kS s Flexible 20 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 20 kS s Flexible 8 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 10 kS s Flexible 4 kHz 0 005 dB 80 dB Resolution 1 lt n lt 2 in conventional mode Dynamic Range Noise excluding input referred noise
3. The NI 5911 features input protection circuits that protect both the positive and negative analog inputs from damage from AC and DC signals up to 42 V If the voltage at one of these inputs exceeds a threshold voltage V the input clamps to V and a resistance of 100 KQ is inserted in the path to minimize input currents to a nonharmful level The protection voltage V is input range dependent as shown in Table 2 1 When you measure a small AC signal on top of a large DC component you can use AC coupling AC coupling rejects any DC component in your signal before it enters into the PGIA Activating AC coupling inserts a capacitor in series with the input impedance You can select input coupling through software When changing the coupling on the digitizer the input stage takes a finite amount of time to settle When switching from AC to DC coupling the settling time is approximately 0 5 ms When switching from DC to AC coupling the returned data is accurate several time constants after switching to AC The NI 5911 has a time constant value of 68 ms The equation 1 eT where T is the time constant gives the percentage that the original signal has settled after time t Generally six time constants is enough time between switching to AC coupling and starting the acquisition 2 4 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview to allow an 8 bit digitizer to acquire accurate data However the NI 5911 in flexible resolution mode is muc
4. OO OO 1 5 V Fused 4 Reserved 7 Reserved 2 GND 5 Reserved 8 Reserved 3 Reserved 6 PFI2 9 Reserved Figure 1 2 9 Pin Mini Circular DIN Connector Acquiring Data with the NI 5911 You can acquire data either programmatically by writing an application for the NI 591 1 or interactively with the Scope Soft Front Panel Programmatically Controlling the NI 5911 To help you get started programming the NI 5911 NI SCOPE includes examples that you can use or modify You can find examples for the following ADEs in these locations e LabVIEW Go to Program Files National Instruments LabVIEW Examples Instr niScopeExamples e LabWindows CVI C and Visual Basic with Windows 2000 NT Go to vxipnp winnt Niscope Examples s LabWindows CVI C and Visual Basic with Windows 98 95 Go to vxipnp win95 Niscope Examples c For information on using NI SCOPE to programmatically control your digitizer refer to the NI SCOPE Software User Manual Another resource is the NI SCOPE Instrument Driver Quick Reference Guide which contains abbreviated information on the most commonly used functions and LabVIEW VIs For more detailed function reference help refer to the National Instruments Corporation 1 3 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction NI SCOPE Function Reference Help located at Start Programs National Instruments NI SCOPE For more detailed VI help use LabVIE
5. Operating Environment 3 Note Multiple NI 5911 devices in the same computer may raise operating temperatures beyond specification and give rise to imprecise data NI strongly recommends leaving an empty PCI slot between multiple NI 5911 devices or adding a fan Ambient temperature 5 C to 40 C Relative humidity eee 10 to 90 noncondensing Storage Environment Ambient temperature 20 C to 65 C National Instruments Corporation A 7 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Calibration Self calibration internal calibration Self calibration is done using a software command The calibration involves gain offset and linearity correction for all input ranges and input modes Interval oieri iniret 1 week or any time temperature changes beyond 5 C Hardware detects temperature variations beyond calibration limits which can also be queried by software External calibration Internal reference requires recalibration Int rvali sssssifhnnameas 1 year Warm up time 15 minutes Safety This product is designed to meet the requirements of the following standards of safety for electrical equipment for measurement control and laboratory use e IEC 61010 1 EN 61010 1 e UL3111 1 UL 61010B 1 e CAN CSA C22 2 No 1010 1 le Note For UL and other safety certifications refer to the product label or to ni com Electromagnetic Compatibility EMISSION EN 5
6. This temperature stabilization accounts for the majority of the calibration time Refer to the Calibration section of Appendix A Specifications for more information e Gain and offset are calibrated for each individual input range National Instruments Corporation 2 7 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview e The linearity of the ADC is calibrated using an internal sine wave generator as reference e The time to digital converter used for RIS measurements is calibrated A Caution Do not apply high amplitude or high frequency signals to the NI 5911 during self calibration For optimal calibration performance disconnect the input signal from the NI 5911 Why Warnings Occur During Acquisition The NI 5911 uses a heater circuit to maintain constant temperature on the critical circuitry used in flexible resolution mode If this circuit cannot maintain the temperature within specification a warning is generated This warning indicates that the temperature of the ADC is out of range and should be recalibrated with a self calibration During acquisition in flexible resolution mode a warning is generated if the input to the ADC goes out of range for the converter The fact that this condition has occurred may not be obvious from inspecting the data because of the digital filtering that takes place on the acquired data Therefore a warning occurs to notify you that the data includes some samples that were out of the range of
7. This threshold voltage is the trigger value and can be set within the current input range in 170 steps Therefore for a 10 V input range the trigger can be set in increments of 20 V 170 118 mV A hysteresis value may also be associated with the trigger that can be set in the same size increments The hysteresis value creates a trigger window the signal must pass through before the trigger is accepted You can generate triggers on a rising or falling edge condition For more information on triggering refer to Chapter 3 Common Functions and Examples of the NI SCOPE Software User Manual National Instruments Corporation 2 9 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Trigger Holdoff Trigger holdoff is the minimum length of time in seconds from an accepted trigger to the start of the next record In other words when a trigger is accepted the trigger counter is loaded with the desired holdoff time After completing its current record the digitizer records no data and accepts no triggers until the holdoff counter runs out When the counter runs out the next record begins and a trigger may be accepted Setting a holdoff time shorter than posttrigger acquisition time has no effect as triggers are always rejected during an acquisition KI Note Time to acquire posttrigger samples is calculated by the following formula posttrigger samples sample rate Memory Trigger holdoff is provided in hardware using a 32 bit coun
8. malfunctions or service failures caused by owner s failure to follow the National Instruments installation operation or maintenance instructions owner s modification of the product owner s abuse misuse or negligent acts and power failure or surges fire flood accident actions of third parties or other events outside reasonable control Copyright Under the copyright laws this publication may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form electronic or mechanical including photocopying recording storing in an information retrieval system or translating in whole or in part without the prior written consent of National Instruments Corporation Trademarks CVI DAQPad Flex ADC LabVIEW National Instruments NI ni com NI DAQ RTSI and SCXI are trademarks of National Instruments Corporation Product and company names mentioned herein are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies Patents For patents covering National Instruments products refer to the appropriate location Help Patents in your software the patents txt file on your CD or ni com patents WARNING REGARDING USE OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS 1 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED WITH COMPONENTS AND TESTING FOR A LEVEL OF RELIABILITY SUITABLE FOR USE IN OR IN CONNECTION WITH SURGICAL IMPLANTS OR AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN ANY LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEMS WHOSE FAILURE TO PERFORM CAN REASONABLY BE EXPECTED
9. 2 4 accuracy characteristics A 3 acquisition multiple record 2 11 Scope Soft Front Panel 1 4 acquisition characteristics specifications accuracy A 3 common mode characteristics A 3 distortion A 5 dynamic range A 4 filtering A 4 acquisition modes specifications A 7 acquisition system specifications A 1 analog trigger circuit 2 9 arming See triggering and arming B bias input 2 4 block diagram of NI 5911 2 1 BNC connector 1 1 C calibration errors occurring during acquisition 2 8 external calibration 2 8 internal calibration 2 7 specifications A 8 calibration certificate B 1 clock lines 2 12 common mode characteristics A 3 connectors BNC connector 1 1 DIN connector 1 1 National Instruments Corporation location on front panel figure 1 2 SMB connector 1 1 contacting National Instruments B 2 conventions used in the manual vii customer education B 1 professional services B 1 technical support B 1 D dead time in multiple record acquisition 2 11 Declaration of Conformity B 1 diagnostic resources B 1 differential input grounding considerations 2 2 noise free signal measurement figure 2 2 differential programmable gain input amplifier PGIA AC coupling 2 4 differential input 2 1 input bias 2 4 input impedance 2 3 input protection 2 4 input ranges 2 3 noise free signal measurement figure 2 2 DIN connector 1 1 distortion specifications A 5 documentation conve
10. However allowing for a delay of 250 ms between configuring the input stage and starting the acquisition guarantees proper settling Input Impedance The input impedance of the NI 5911 PGIA is 1 MQ between the positive and negative input 2 depending on input capacitance The output impedance of the device connected to the NI 5911 and the input impedance of the NI 5911 form an impedance divider which attenuates the input signal according to the following formula V Rin Vn he R Rip National Instruments Corporation 2 3 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Input Protection AC Coupling NI PCI 5911 User Manual where V is the measured voltage V is the source voltage R is the external source impedance and R is the input impedance If the device you are measuring has a very large output impedance your measurements will be affected by this impedance divider For example if the device has 1 MQ output impedance your measured signal is one half of the actual signal value Input Bias The inputs of the PGIA typically draw an input bias current of 1 nA at 25 C Attaching a device with a very high source impedance can cause an offset voltage to be added to the signal measured according to the formula R x 1 nA where R is the external source impedance For example if the device you have attached to the NI 5911 has an output impedance of 10 KQ typically the offset voltage is 10 uV 10 KQ x 1 nA
11. TO CAUSE SIGNIFICANT INJURY TO A HUMAN 2 IN ANY APPLICATION INCLUDING THE ABOVE RELIABILITY OF OPERATION OF THE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS CAN BE IMPAIRED BY ADVERSE FACTORS INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO FLUCTUATIONS IN ELECTRICAL POWER SUPPLY COMPUTER HARDWARE MALFUNCTIONS COMPUTER OPERATING SYSTEM SOFTWARE FITNESS FITNESS OF COMPILERS AND DEVELOPMENT SOFTWARE USED TO DEVELOP AN APPLICATION INSTALLATION ERRORS SOFTWARE AND HARDWARE COMPATIBILITY PROBLEMS MALFUNCTIONS OR FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC MONITORING OR CONTROL DEVICES TRANSIENT FAILURES OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS HARDWARE AND OR SOFTWARE UNANTICIPATED USES OR MISUSES OR ERRORS ON THE PART OF THE USER OR APPLICATIONS DESIGNER ADVERSE FACTORS SUCH AS THESE ARE HEREAFTER COLLECTIVELY TERMED SYSTEM FAILURES ANY APPLICATION WHERE A SYSTEM FAILURE WOULD CREATE A RISK OF HARM TO PROPERTY OR PERSONS INCLUDING THE RISK OF BODILY INJURY AND DEATH SHOULD NOT BE RELIANT SOLELY UPON ONE FORM OF ELECTRONIC SYSTEM DUE TO THE RISK OF SYSTEM FAILURE TO AVOID DAMAGE INJURY OR DEATH THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MUST TAKE REASONABLY PRUDENT STEPS TO PROTECT AGAINST SYSTEM FAILURES INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO BACK UP OR SHUT DOWN MECHANISMS BECAUSE EACH END USER SYSTEM IS CUSTOMIZED AND DIFFERS FROM NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS TESTING PLATFORMS AND BECAUSE A USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER MAY USE NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS IN COMBINATION WITH OTHER PRODUCTS IN A MANNER NOT EVALUATED OR CONTEMPLATED BY NA
12. cables bus bars junction boxes switches socket 1 Installation categories also referred to as measurement categories are defined in electrical safety standard IEC 61010 1 2 Working voltage is the highest rms value of an AC or DC voltage that can occur across any particular insulation 3 MAINS is defined as a hazardous live electrical supply system that powers equipment Suitably rated measuring circuits may be connected to the MAINS for measuring purposes National Instruments Corporation ix NI PCI 5911 User Manual About This Manual outlets in the fixed installation and stationary motors with permanent connections to fixed installations e Installation Category IV is for measurements performed at the primary electrical supply installation lt 1 000 V Examples include electricity meters and measurements on primary overcurrent protection devices and on ripple control units NI PCI 5911 User Manual X ni com Introduction Thank you for buying an NI PCI 5911 digitizer featuring the Flex ADC for variable speed and resolution This chapter contains information on installing connecting signals to and acquiring data from the NI 5911 Installing the NI 5911 Installation involves the following main steps 1 Install the NI SCOPE driver software You use this driver to write programs to control the NI 5911 in different application development environments ADEs Installing NI SCOPE also allows you to interactively co
13. need contact your local office or NI corporate headquarters Phone numbers for our worldwide offices are listed at the front of this manual You also can visit the Worldwide Offices section of ni com niglobal to access the branch office Web sites which provide up to date contact information support phone numbers email addresses and current events NI PCI 5911 User Manual B 2 ni com Glossary Symbol Prefix Value p pico 10 12 n nano 10 u micro 10 6 m milli 10 3 k kilo 103 M mega 106 G giga 10 Symbols percent positive of or plus negative of or minus per 4 degree plus or minus Q ohm A A amperes A D analog to digital AC alternating current National Instruments Corporation G 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Glossary AC coupled ADC ADC resolution alias amplification amplitude flatness attenuate bandwidth buffer bus C C channel NI PCI 5911 User Manual the passing of a signal through a filter network that removes the DC component of the signal analog to digital converter an electronic device often an integrated circuit that converts an analog voltage to a digital number the resolution of the ADC which is measured in bits An ADC with16 bits has a higher resolution and thus a higher degree of accuracy than a 12 bit ADC a false lower frequency component that appears in sampled data acquired at too low a s
14. to current in a resistance a segment of the input range of an instrument outside of the normal measuring range Measurements can still be made usually with a degradation in specifications sampling at a rate greater than the Nyquist frequency the frequency range that a filter passes without attenuation Peripheral Component Interconnect a high performance expansion bus architecture originally developed by Intel to replace ISA and EISA it is achieving widespread acceptance as a standard for PCs and workstations and offers a theoretical maximum transfer rate of 132 Mbytes s the absolute maximum or minimum amplitude of a signal AC DC the technique to acquire a programmed number of samples after trigger conditions are met G 6 ni com pretriggering PXI R R RAM real time sampling random interleaved sampling RIS resolution rms ROM RTSI bus S s National Instruments Corporation G 7 Glossary the technique used on a device to keep a buffer filled with data so that when the trigger conditions are met the sample includes the data leading up to the trigger condition PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation PXI is an open specification that builds off the CompactPCI specification by adding instrumentation specific features resistor random access memory sampling that occurs immediately method of increasing the sample rate by repetitively sampling a repeated waveform the smallest signal incremen
15. 5011 Class A at 10 m FCC Part 15A above 1 GHz fs EN 61326 1997 A2 2001 Table 1 EMG BMI ses ann CE C Tick and FCC Part 15 Class A Compliant le Note For EMC compliance operate this device with shielded cabling NI PCI 5911 User Manual A 8 ni com Appendix A Specifications CE Compliance This product meets the essential requirements of applicable European Directives as amended for CE Marking as follows e Low Voltage Directive safety 73 23 EEC e Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive EMC 89 336 EEC le Note Refer to the Declaration of Conformity DoC for this product for any additional regulatory compliance information To obtain the DoC for this product click Declarations of Conformity Information at ni com hardref ns National Instruments Corporation A 9 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Technical Support and Professional Services Visit the following sections of the National Instruments Web site at ni com for technical support and professional services National Instruments Corporation Support Online technical support resources include the following Self Help Resources For immediate answers and solutions visit our extensive library of technical support resources available in English Japanese and Spanish at ni com support These resources are available for most products at no cost to registered users and include software drivers and updates a KnowledgeBase product manuals step by ste
16. A programmatically controlling NI 5911 1 3 programming examples B 1 R Random Interleaved Sampling RIS 2 5 real time sampling 2 5 related documentation viii RIS Random Interleaved Sampling 2 5 RTSI bus trigger and clock lines PIF lines 2 11 purpose and use 2 11 synchronization 2 12 S safety information viii sampling methods real time and RIS 2 5 sampling rate flexible resolution mode table 2 6 Scope Soft Front Panel 1 4 SMB connector 1 1 software drivers B 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Index specifications acquisition characteristics accuracy A 3 common mode characteristics A 3 distortion A 5 dynamic range A 4 filtering A 4 acquisition modes A 7 acquisition system A 1 calibration A 8 operating environment A 7 physical A 7 power requirements A 7 storage environment A 7 timebase system A 5 triggering systems A 6 storage environment specifications A 7 support technical B 1 synchronization 2 12 system integration services B 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual l 4 T technical support B 1 telephone technical support B 2 timebase system specifications A 5 training customer B 1 triggering and arming analog trigger circuit 2 9 memory usage 2 10 specifications A 6 trigger holdoff 2 10 trigger sources figure 2 9 troubleshooting resources B 1 W Web professional services B 1 technical support B 1 worldwide technical support B 2 ni com
17. C DOC Warnings This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in strict accordance with the instructions in this manual and the CE marking Declaration of Conformity may cause interference to radio and television reception Classification requirements are the same for the Federal Communications Commission FCC and the Canadian Department of Communications DOC Changes or modifications not expressly approved by NI could void the user s authority to operate the equipment under the FCC Rules Class A Federal Communications Commission This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual may cause harmful interference to radio communications Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user is required to correct the interference at their own expense Canadian Department of Communications This Class A digital apparatus meets all requirements of the Canadian Interference Causing Equipment Regulations Cet appareil num rique de la classe A respecte toutes les exigences du R g
18. I PCI 5911 User Manual Appendix A Specifications Clock jitter Clock compatibility Sampling clock frequencies Conventional mode Flexible resolution mode Reference clock sources Triggering Systems Coupling Pretrigger depth NI PCI 5911 User Manual A 6 lt 75 PSims independent of reference clock source TTL for both input and output 100 n MHz where 1 lt n lt 224 12 5 MHz 5 MHz 2 5 MHz 1 MHz 500 kHz 200 kHz 100 kHz 50 kHz 20 kHz 10 kHz PFI lines RTSI clock or onboard Edge hysteresis window digital CHO RTSI lt 0 6 gt PFI 1 2 Rising falling Full scale voltage n where n is between 1 and 170 AC DC Up to 4 MS or 16 MS depending on memory option purchased and sampling mode Up to 4 MS or 16 MS depending on memory option purchased and sampling mode 5 us to 171 79 s in increments of 40 ns 170 steps in full scale voltage range ni com Appendix A Specifications Sampling Methods Random interleaved sampling 1 GS s down to 200 MS s effective sample rate repetitive signals only Real time sampling sss eee esse eee ee Up to 100 MS s sample rate for transient and repetitive signals Power Requirements DV DC nissan 4A PLD VDG sn 100 mA A2 VDO es 100 mA Physical Dimensions 33 8 by 9 9 cm 13 3 by 3 9 in T O connectors Analog input CHO BNC female Digital triggers SMB female 9 pin mini DIN
19. Modular Instrumentation NI PCI 5911 User Manual High Speed Digitizer with Flex ADC Wy NATIONAL March 2003 Edition E INSTRUMENTS Part Number 322150E 01 Worldwide Technical Support and Product Information ni com National Instruments Corporate Headquarters 11500 North Mopac Expressway Austin Texas 78759 3504 USA Tel 512 683 0100 Worldwide Offices Australia 02 612 9672 8846 Austria 43 0 662 45 79 90 0 Belgium 32 0 2 757 00 20 Brazil 55 11 3262 3599 Canada Calgary 403 274 9391 Canada Montreal 514 288 5722 Canada Ottawa 613 233 5949 Canada Qu bec 514 694 8521 Canada Toronto 905 785 0085 Canada Vancouver 514 685 7530 China 86 21 6555 7838 Czech Republic 420 2 2423 5774 Denmark 45 45 76 26 00 Finland 385 0 9 725 725 11 France 33 0 1 48 14 24 24 Germany 49 0 89 741 31 30 Greece 30 2 10 42 96 427 India 91 80 51190000 Israel 972 0 3 6393737 Italy 39 02 413091 Japan 81 3 5472 2970 Korea 82 02 3451 3400 Malaysia 603 9131 0918 Mexico 001 800 010 0793 Netherlands 31 0 348 433 466 New Zealand 64 09 914 0488 Norway 47 0 32 27 73 00 Poland 48 0 22 3390 150 Portugal 351 210 311 210 Russia 7 095 238 7139 Singapore 65 6226 5886 Slovenia 386 3 425 4200 South Africa 27 0 11 805 8197 Spain 34 91 640 0085 Sweden 46 0 8 587 895 00 Switzerland 41 56 200 51 51 Taiwan 886 2 2528 7227 Thailand 662 992 7519 United Kingdom 44 0 1635 523545 For further support information refer to the Technical Support and Pr
20. TIONAL INSTRUMENTS THE USER OR APPLICATION DESIGNER IS ULTIMATELY RESPONSIBLE FOR VERIFYING AND VALIDATING THE SUITABILITY OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS WHENEVER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS PRODUCTS ARE INCORPORATED IN A SYSTEM OR APPLICATION INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE APPROPRIATE DESIGN PROCESS AND SAFETY LEVEL OF SUCH SYSTEM OR APPLICATION Compliance FCC Canada Radio Frequency Interference Compliance Determining FCC Class The Federal Communications Commission FCC has rules to protect wireless communications from interference The FCC places digital electronics into two classes These classes are known as Class A for use in industrial commercial locations only or Class B for use in residential or commercial locations All National Instruments NI products are FCC Class A products Depending on where it is operated this Class A product could be subject to restrictions in the FCC rules In Canada the Department of Communications DOC of Industry Canada regulates wireless interference in much the same way Digital electronics emit weak signals during normal operation that can affect radio television or other wireless products All Class A products display a simple warning statement of one paragraph in length regarding interference and undesired operation The FCC rules have restrictions regarding the locations where FCC Class A products can be operated Consult the FCC Web site at www fcc gov for more information FC
21. W context sensitive help Help Show Context Help or the NI SCOPE VI Reference Help located at Start Programs National Instruments NI SCOPE Interactively Controlling the NI 5911 with the Scope Soft Front Panel The Scope Soft Front Panel allows you to interactively control the NI 5911 as you would a desktop oscilloscope To launch the Scope Soft Front Panel select Start Programs National Instruments NI SCOPE NI SCOPE Soft Front Panel Refer to the Scope Soft Front Panel Help for instructions on configuring the Scope Soft Front Panel for your specific application ays Note Press lt F1 gt while the Scope Soft Front Panel is running to access the Scope Soft Front Panel Help NI PCI 5911 User Manual 1 4 ni com Hardware Overview This chapter includes an overview of the NI 5911 explains the operation of each functional unit making up the NI 5911 and describes the signal connections Figure 2 1 shows a block diagram of the NI 5911 Analog Input Connector AC DC Coupling Protect Calibration Mux Calibration Generator Digital I O Connector PGIA A D Converter 100 MHz 8 Bit m Noise Shaper Timing I O Memory Control gt Digital Signal Capture gt Processor Memory gt Data Reference Clock Figure 2 1 NI 5911 Block Diagram Differential Programmable Gain In
22. ampling rate a type of signal conditioning that improves accuracy in the resulting digitized signal and reduces noise a measure of how close to constant the gain of a circuit remains over a range of frequencies to reduce in magnitude bit one binary digit either 0 or 1 byte eight related bits of data an eight bit binary number Also used to denote the amount of memory required to store one byte of data the range of frequencies present in a signal or the range of frequencies to which a measuring device can respond temporary storage for acquired or generated data software the group of conductors that interconnect individual circuitry in a computer Typically a bus is the expansion vehicle to which I O or other devices are connected Examples of PC buses are the PCI and ISA bus Celsius pin or wire lead to which you apply or from which you read the analog or digital signal G 2 ni com Clock CMRR counter timer coupling D dB DC default setting device differential input double insulated drivers National Instruments Corporation G 3 Glossary hardware component that controls timing for reading from or writing to groups common mode rejection ratio a measure of an instrument s ability to reject interference from a common mode signal usually expressed in decibels dB a circuit that counts external pulses or clock pulses timing the manner in which a signal is connected from o
23. arent sampling rate is higher than the real sampling rate the condition or state of an analog or digital signal a type of signal conditioning that allows you to filter unwanted signals from the signal you are trying to measure full scale total voltage in the input range A 10 V input range is 20 V fs the factor by which a signal is amplified sometimes expressed in decibels the physical components of a computer system such as the circuit boards plug in boards chassis enclosures peripherals cables and so on multiples of the fundamental frequency of a signal hertz per second as in cycles per second or samples per second input output the transfer of data to from a computer system involving communications channels operator interface devices and or data acquisition and control interfaces the relationship of induced voltage to current the current that flows into the inputs of a circuit G 4 ni com input impedance instrument driver interrupt interrupt level ISA K kS L LabVIEW LSB m MB memory buffer MS MSB National Instruments Corporation Glossary the measured resistance and capacitance between the input terminals of a circuit a set of high level software functions that controls a specific plug in DAQ board Instrument drivers are available in several forms ranging from a function callable language to a virtual instrument VI in LabVIEW a computer signal indicating tha
24. ations NI PCI 5911 User Manual Sample Rate Mode Effective Resolution 20 kS s Flexible Resolution 20 5 bits 10 kS s Flexible Resolution 21 bits 1 lt n 224 in conventional mode Sample onboard memory 4 MB or 16 MB Memory Sample Depth Sampling Sample Depth Sample Depth Frequency Mode 4 MB 16 MB 100 n MS s Conventional 4MS 16 MS 12 5 MS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 5 MS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 2 5 MS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 1 MS s Flexible 1MS 4 MS Resolution 500 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 200 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 100 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 50 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 20 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 10 kS s Flexible 1MS 4MS Resolution 1 lt n 24 in conventional mode A 2 ni com Appendix A Specifications Vertical Sensitivity Input Ranges Input Range Noise Referred to Input 10 V 174 dBfs Hz 5 V 168 dBfs Hz 2 V 160 dBfs Hz 1 V 154 dBfs Hz 0 5 V 148 dBfs Hz 0 2 V 140 dBfs Hz 0 1 V 128 dBfs Hz Acquisition Characteristics Accuracy DC gain accuracy sese eee 0 05 signal 0 0001 fs for all input ranges at 1 MS s in flexible resolution mode DC offset accuracy 0 1 mV 0 01 fs for all input ranges at 1 MS s in flexible resolution mode Input coupling
25. ce imminente nets 2 1 Grounding Considerations ss 2 2 Input Range Skaane eA A AR MR tn ile ete ne tee 2 3 Input Imp dance 4 es ET Life ee An Mass are dessein 2 3 Input Bias nine tien Resende ecient ata nie 2 4 Input Protection Eas eaea toast anaes da S Ta RTS A 2 4 AC Coupling eien nn ak RE sine Mate Stine aa id EE 2 4 Conventional and Flexible Resolution Modes 2 5 Conventional O Lea TTT 2 5 Sampling U IST TT 2 5 Flexible Resolution Mode ss 2 6 How Flexible Resolution Works 2 6 Calibration gsi iid ecdev isis Minnie nn fn LA lan te 2 7 Self Calibrating the NES 91 ere cs es ne antenne een 2 7 When Self Calibration Is Needed 2 7 What Self Calibration Does ss 2 7 Why Warnings Occur During Acquisition 2 8 External Calibration sis sise ni pie on it ERT 2 8 Triggering and Arming tin mit int inde nn in tte ie 2 8 Analog Trigger Circuit ss Etes ess nn ii 2 9 Treger Holda 5 sen us A ave Rent de 2 10 National Instruments Corporation v NI PCI 5911 User Manual Contents Appendix A Specifications Appendix B Technical Support and Professional Services Glossary Index NI PCI 5911 User Manual vi Triggering and Memory Usage Multi Record Acquisitions ss RTSI Bus and Clock PET sssesc assos zoe rastin eira rires PRE E PFI Lines as Inputs atea HZ5 Tan 74 3 PFI Lines as Outputs KVS TSTST ni com About This Manual Conventions The NI 5911 User Manual provides information on installi
26. d limited to prevent aliasing Aliasing and other sampling terms are described more thoroughly in the NI SCOPE Software User Manual Sampling Methods Two sampling methods are available in conventional mode real time sampling and random interleaved sampling RIS Using real time sampling you can acquire data at a rate of 100 n MS s where n is a number from 1 to 274 RIS sampling can be used on repetitive signals to effectively extend the sampling rate above 100 MS s In RIS mode you can sample at rates of 100 x n MS s where n is a number from 2 to 10 National Instruments Corporation 2 5 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Flexible Resolution Mode NI PCI 5911 User Manual Table 2 2 shows the relationship between the available sampling rates resolution and the corresponding bandwidth for flexible resolution mode Table 2 2 Available Sampling Rates and Corresponding Bandwidth in Flexible Resolution Mode Sampling Rate Resolution Bandwidth 12 5 MS s 11 bits 3 75 MHz 5 MS s 14 bits 2 MHz 2 5 MS s 15 5 bits 1 MHz 1 MS s 17 5 bits 400 kHz 500 kS s 18 bits 200 kHz 200 kS s 18 5 bits 80 kHz 100 kS s 19 bits 40 kHz 50 kS s 19 5 bits 20 kHz 20 kS s 20 5 bits 8 kHz 10 kS s 21 bits 4 kHz Like any other type of converter that uses noise shaping to enhance resolution the frequency response of the converter is only flat to its maximum useful bandwidth The NI 5911
27. eed to clean the device use a soft nonmetallic brush Make sure that the device is completely dry and free from contaminants before returning it to service Operate the device only at or below Pollution Degree 2 Pollution is foreign matter in a solid liquid or gaseous state that can reduce dielectric strength or surface resistivity The following is a description of pollution degrees e Pollution Degree 1 means no pollution or only dry nonconductive pollution occurs The pollution has no influence e Pollution Degree 2 means that only nonconductive pollution occurs in most cases Occasionally however a temporary conductivity caused by condensation must be expected viji ni com About This Manual e Pollution Degree 3 means that conductive pollution occurs or dry nonconductive pollution occurs that becomes conductive due to condensation You must insulate signal connections for the maximum voltage for which the device is rated Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the device Do not install wiring while the device is live with electrical signals Do not remove or add connector blocks when power is connected to the system Avoid contact between your body and the connector block signal when hot swapping devices Remove power from signal lines before connecting them to or disconnecting them from the device Operate the device at or below the installation category marked on the hardware label Measurement circuits are subjected to
28. es one digitizer must receive a trigger as described in the Triggering and Arming section and then 2 12 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview route that trigger over the RTSI bus to trigger the other digitizer s However the trigger that is routed to the other digitizer s is sent synchronously to an internal 25 MHz clock For more information about synchronization refer to the NI SCOPE Software User Manual National Instruments Corporation 2 13 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Specifications This appendix lists the specifications of the NI 5911 These specifications are typical at 25 C unless otherwise stated Acquisition System Band widths sieste uses 100 MHz maximum refer to Table 2 2 Available Sampling Rates and Corresponding Bandwidth in Flexible Resolution Mode Number of channels sese 1 Number of flexible resolution ADC 1 Max RIS sample rate 1 GS s Max real time sample rate 100 MS s Resolution Sample Rate Mode Effective Resolution 100 n MS s Conventional 8 bits 12 5 MS s Flexible Resolution 11 bits 5 MS s Flexible Resolution 14 bits 2 5 MS s Flexible Resolution 15 5 bits 1 MS s Flexible Resolution 17 5 bits 500 kS s Flexible Resolution 18 bits 200 kS s Flexible Resolution 18 5 bits 100 kS s Flexible Resolution 19 bits 50 kS s Flexible Resolution 19 5 bits National Instruments Corporation A 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Appendix A Specific
29. h more precise and thus requires a greater number of time constants of settling time to achieve the desired precision Refer to Appendix A Digitizer Basics of the NI SCOPE Software User Manual for more information on input coupling Conventional and Flexible Resolution Modes In conventional mode the NI 5911 works as a conventional desktop oscilloscope acquiring data at 100 MS s with a vertical resolution of 8 bits This mode is useful for displaying waveforms and for deriving waveform parameters such as slew rate rise time and settling time Flexible resolution mode differs from conventional mode in two ways it has higher resolution sampling rate dependent and the signal bandwidth is limited to provide antialiasing protection Flexible resolution mode is useful for spectral analysis distortion analysis and other measurements for which high resolution is crucial Conventional Mode The ADC converts at a constant rate of 100 MS s but you can choose to store only a fraction of these samples into memory at a lower rate This lower rate allows you to store waveforms using fewer data points and decreases the burden of storing analyzing and displaying the waveforms If you need faster sampling rates you can use Random Interleaved Sampling RIS to effectively increase the sampling rate to 1 GS s for repetitive waveforms In conventional mode all signals up to 100 MHz are passed to the ADC You must ensure that your signal is ban
30. has a bandwidth of 4 MHz Beyond this frequency there is a span where the converter acts resonant and where a signal is amplified before being converted These signals are attenuated in the subsequent digital filter to prevent aliasing However if the applied signal contains major signal components in this frequency range such as harmonics or noise the converter may overload and signal data will be invalid In this case you receive an overload warning You must then either select a higher input range or attenuate the signal How Flexible Resolution Works The ADC can be sourced through a noise shaping circuit that moves quantization noise on the output of the ADC from lower frequencies to higher frequencies A digital lowpass filter applied to the data removes all but a fraction of the original shaped quantization noise The signal is then resampled to a lower sampling frequency and a higher resolution Flexible resolution provides antialiasing protection due to the digital lowpass filter 2 6 ni com Calibration Chapter 2 Hardware Overview The NI 5911 can be calibrated for high accuracy and resolution because of an advanced calibration scheme There are two different types of calibration internal or self calibration and external calibration A third option internal restore restores factory settings and should be used only in the event of a self calibration failure Self calibration is performed using a software command that co
31. lement sur le mat riel brouilleur du Canada Compliance to EU Directives Readers in the European Union EU must refer to the manufacturer s Declaration of Conformity DoC for information pertaining to the CE marking compliance scheme The manufacturer includes a DoC for most hardware products except for those bought from OEMs In addition DoCs are usually not provided if compliance is not required for example electrically benign apparatus or cables To obtain the DoC for this product click Declaration of Conformity at ni com hardref nsf This Web site lists the DoCs by product family Select the appropriate product family followed by your product and a link to the DoC appears in Adobe Acrobat format Click the Acrobat icon to download or read the DoC The CE marking Declaration of Conformity contains important supplementary information and instructions for the user or installer Contents About This Manual Le Tle vii Related Documentations iiaa i viii Safety Informati n s ismini oenina aee eir tait E A E A R R R viii Chapter 1 Introduction Installing 1 ST R H R PT 1 1 Connecting Sigal sonene Aa E ER wl ce aes ae eee 1 1 Acquiring Data with the NT 5911 22e 1 3 Programmatically Controlling the NI 5911 1 3 Interactively Controlling the NI 5911 with the Scope Soft Front Panel 1 4 Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Differential Programmable Gain Input Amplifier PGIA sese eee eee 2 1 Differential Input euro
32. memory The number of posttrigger or pretrigger samples is only limited by the amount of onboard memory 2 10 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Multi Record Acquisitions After the trigger has been received and the posttrigger samples have been stored the NI 5911 can be configured to begin another acquisition that is stored in another onboard memory record This operation is a multi record acquisition To perform multi record acquisitions configure the NI 5911 to the number of records you want to acquire before starting the acquisition The NI 5911 acquires an additional record each time a trigger is accepted until all the requested records are stored in memory You may acquire up to 1 024 records if your NI 5911 is equipped with 4 MB of onboard memory or 4 096 records with 16 MB of onboard memory Software intervention after the initial setup is not required Multi record acquisitions can quickly acquire numerous triggered waveforms because they allow hardware rearming of the digitizer before the data is fetched Therefore the dead time or the time when the digitizer is not ready for a trigger is extremely small For more information on multi record acquisitions and dead time refer to Chapter 5 Tasks and Examples of the NI SCOPE Software User Manual RTSI Bus and Clock PFI The Real Time System Integration RTSD bus allows NI digitizers to synchronize timing and triggering on multiple devices The RTSI bus has seven bidirecti
33. mpensates for drifts caused by environmental temperature changes You can self calibrate the NI 5911 without any external equipment connected External calibration requires you to connect an external precision voltage reference to the device External calibration recalibrates the device when the specified calibration interval has expired Refer to Appendix A Specifications for the calibration interval Self Calibrating the NI 5911 You can self calibrate the NI 5911 with a software function or a LabVIEW VI Refer to Chapter 3 Common Functions and Examples of the NI SCOPE Software User Manual for step by step instructions for self calibrating the NI 5911 When Self Calibration Is Needed To provide the maximum accuracy independent of temperature changes the NI 5911 contains a heater that stabilizes the temperature of the most sensitive circuitries on the board However the heater can accommodate for temperature changes over a fixed range of 5 C When temperatures exceed this range the heater cannot stabilize the temperature and signal data becomes inaccurate When the temperature range has been exceeded you receive a warning and you must perform an internal calibration What Self Calibration Does Self calibration performs the following operations e The heater is set to regulate over a range of temperatures centered at the current environmental temperature The circuit components require time to stabilize at the new temperature
34. ne location to another decibel the unit for expressing a logarithmic measure of the ratio of two signal levels dB 20log10 V1 V2 for signals in volts direct current a default parameter value recorded in the driver In many cases the default input of a control is a certain value often 0 that means use the current default setting A plug in data acquisition device card or pad that can contain multiple channels and conversion devices Plug in devices PCMCIA cards and devices such as the DAQPad 1200 which connects to your computer parallel port are all examples of DAQ devices SCXI modules are distinct from devices with the exception of the SCXI 1200 which is a hybrid The NI 5911 is an example of a device an analog input consisting of two terminals both of which are isolated from computer ground whose difference is measured a device that contains the necessary insulating structures to provide electric shock protection without the requirement of a safety ground connection software that controls a specific hardware instrument NI PCI 5911 User Manual Glossary E EEPROM equivalent time sampling event F filtering fs gain H hardware harmonics Hz UO inductance input bias current NI PCI 5911 User Manual electrically erasable programmable read only memory ROM that can be erased with an electrical signal and reprogrammed any method used to sample signals in such a way that the app
35. ng connecting signals to and acquiring data from your NI 5911 high speed digitizer This manual includes an overview of the NI 5911 and explains the operation of each functional unit of the NI 5911 lt gt bold italic monospace The following conventions appear in this manual Angle brackets that contain numbers separated by an ellipsis represent a range of values associated with a bit or signal name for example DIO lt 3 0 gt The symbol leads you through nested menu items and dialog box options to a final action The sequence File Page Setup Options directs you to pull down the File menu select the Page Setup item and select Options from the last dialog box This icon denotes a note which alerts you to important information This icon denotes a caution which advises you of precautions to take to avoid injury data loss or a system crash Bold text denotes items that you must select or click in the software such as menu items and dialog box options Bold text also denotes parameter names Italic text denotes variables emphasis a cross reference or an introduction to a key concept This font also denotes text that is a placeholder for a word or value that you must supply Text in this font denotes text or characters that you should enter from the keyboard sections of code programming examples and syntax examples This font is also used for the proper names of disk drives paths directories
36. ntions used in manual vii online library B 1 related documentation viii drivers instrument B 1 software B 1 dynamic range specifications A 4 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Index E errors during acquisition 2 8 example code B 1 F filtering specifications A 4 flexible resolution mode available sampling rates table 2 6 definition 2 6 purpose and use 2 6 frequently asked questions B 1 G grounding considerations 2 2 H hardware overview See also specifications acquisition system PFI lines 2 11 triggering and arming 2 8 block diagram of NI 5911 2 1 calibration 2 7 differential programmable gain input amplifier PGIA AC coupling 2 4 differential input 2 1 grounding considerations 2 2 input bias 2 4 input impedance 2 3 input protection 2 4 input ranges 2 3 noise free signal measurement figure 2 2 flexible resolution mode 2 6 memory 2 10 multiple record acquisition 2 11 oscilloscope mode 2 5 NI PCI 5911 User Manual 1 2 RTSI bus trigger and clock lines 2 11 trigger holdoff 2 10 triggering and arming analog trigger circuit 2 9 trigger holdoff 2 10 trigger sources figure 2 9 help professional services B 1 technical support B 1 impedance formula for impedance divider 2 3 input and output impedance 2 3 input bias 2 4 input impedance 2 3 input protection circuits 2 4 input ranges 2 3 installation category ix safety information viii installing NI 5911 1 1 ins
37. ntrol the NI 5911 with the Scope Soft Front Panel 2 Install the NI 5911 For step by step instructions for installing both NI SCOPE and the NI 5911 refer to the Where to Start with Your NI Digitizer document For multiple device considerations refer to the Operating Environment section of Appendix A Specifications Connecting Signals Figure 1 1 shows the front panel of the NI 5911 The front panel contains three connectors a BNC connector an SMB connector and a 9 pin mini circular DIN connector Figure 1 2 shows the 9 pin mini circular DIN connector The BNC connector is for attaching the analog input signal you want to measure The BNC connector is analog input channel 0 To minimize noise do not allow the shell of the BNC cable to touch or lie near the metal of the computer chassis The SMB connector is used for external triggers and for generating a probe compensation signal The SMB connector is labeled PFI 1 The DIN connector provides access to an additional external trigger line The DIN connector can be used to access PFI 2 National Instruments Corporation 1 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 1 Introduction B Note The 5 V signal is fused at 1 1 A However NI recommends limiting the current from this pin to 30 mA The fuse is self resetting NI PCI 5911 User Manual CH 0 Figure 1 1 NI 5911 Connectors 1 2 ni com Chapter 1 Introduction
38. ocument is accurate The document has been carefully reviewed for technical accuracy In the event that technical or typographical errors exist National Instruments reserves the right to make changes to subsequent editions of this document without prior notice to holders of this edition The reader should consult National Instruments if errors are suspected In no event shall National Instruments be liable for any damages arising out of or related to this document or the information contained in it EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED HEREIN NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS MAKES NO WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED AND SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE CUSTOMER S RIGHT TO RECOVER DAMAGES CAUSED BY FAULT OR NEGLIGENCE ON THE PART OF NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS SHALL BE LIMITED TO THE AMOUNT THERETOFORE PAID BY THE CUSTOMER NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF DATA PROFITS USE OF PRODUCTS OR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF This limitation of the liability of National Instruments will apply regardless of the form of action whether in contract or tort including negligence Any action against National Instruments must be brought within one year after the cause of action accrues National Instruments shall not be liable for any delay in performance due to causes beyond its reasonable control The warranty provided herein does not cover damages defects
39. ofessional Services appendix To comment on the documentation send email to techpubs ni com 1998 2003 National Instruments Corporation All rights reserved Important Information Warranty The NI 5911 is warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace equipment that proves to be defective during the warranty period This warranty includes parts and labor The media on which you receive National Instruments software are warranted not to fail to execute programming instructions due to defects in materials and workmanship for a period of 90 days from date of shipment as evidenced by receipts or other documentation National Instruments will at its option repair or replace software media that do not execute programming instructions if National Instruments receives notice of such defects during the warranty period National Instruments does not warrant that the operation of the software shall be uninterrupted or error free A Return Material Authorization RMA number must be obtained from the factory and clearly marked on the outside of the package before any equipment will be accepted for warranty work National Instruments will pay the shipping costs of returning to the owner parts which are covered by warranty National Instruments believes that the information in this d
40. onal trigger lines and one bidirectional clock signal You can program any of the seven trigger lines to provide or accept a synchronous trigger signal You can also use any of the RTSI trigger lines to provide a synchronization pulse from a master device if you are synchronizing multiple NI 5911 devices You can use the RTSI bus clock line to provide or accept a 10 MHz reference clock to synchronize multiple NI 5911 devices PFI Lines The NI 5911 has two digital lines that can accept a trigger accept or generate a reference clock or output a 1 kHz square wave The function of each PFI line is independent However only one trigger source can be accepted during acquisition National Instruments Corporation 2 11 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Synchronization NI PCI 5911 User Manual PFI Lines as Inputs You can select PFI 1 or PFI 2 as inputs for a trigger or a reference clock Refer to the Synchronization section for more information about the use of reference clocks in the NI 5911 PFI Lines as Outputs You can select PFI 1 or PFI 2 to output several digital signals Reference Clock is a 10 MHz clock that is synchronous to the 100 MHz sample clock on the NI 5911 You can use the Reference Clock to synchronize to another NI 5911 configured as a slave device or to other equipment that can accept a 10 MHz reference Frequency Output is a 1 kHz digital pulse train signal with a 50 duty cycle The m
41. ost common application of Frequency Output for the NI 5911 is to provide a signal for compensating a passive probe The NI 5911 uses a digital phase locked loop to synchronize the 100 MHz sample clock to a 10 MHz reference This reference frequency can be supplied by an internal crystal oscillator or through an external frequency input through the RTSI bus clock line or a PFI input The NI 5911 can also output its 10 MHz reference on the RTSI bus clock line or a PFI line so that additional NI 5911 devices or other equipment can be synchronized to the same reference While the reference clock input is sufficient to synchronize the 100 MHz sample clocks it is also necessary to synchronize clock dividers on each NI 5911 so that internal clock divisors are synchronized on each device These lower frequencies are important because they are used to determine trigger times and sample position To synchronize the NI 5911 clock dividers you must connect the digitizers with an RTSI bus cable One of the RTSI bus triggers must be designated as a synchronization line This line is an output from the master device and an input on the slave device To synchronize the digitizers a single pulse is sent from the master NI 5911 to the slaves This pulse supplies the slave devices with a reference time to clear their clock dividers Hardware arming cannot be used during an acquisition using multiple devices To synchronize the triggers of multiple NI 5911 devic
42. p troubleshooting wizards conformity documentation example code tutorials and application notes instrument drivers discussion forums a measurement glossary and so on Assisted Support Options Contact NI engineers and other measurement and automation professionals by visiting ni com support Our online system helps you define your question and connects you to the experts by phone discussion forum or email Training Visit ni com cus t ed for self paced tutorials videos and interactive CDs You also can register for instructor led hands on courses at locations around the world System Integration If you have time constraints limited in house technical resources or other project challenges NI Alliance Program members can help To learn more call your local NI office or visit ni com alliance Declaration of Conformity DoC A DoC is our claim of compliance with the Council of the European Communities using the manufacturer s declaration of conformity This system affords the user protection for electronic compatibility EMC and product safety You can obtain the DoC for your product by visiting ni com hardref nsf Calibration Certificate If your product supports calibration you can obtain the calibration certificate for your product at ni com calibration B 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Appendix B Technical Support and Professional Services If you searched ni com and could not find the answers you
43. programs subprograms subroutines device names functions operations variables filenames and extensions and code excerpts National Instruments Corporation vii NI PCI 5911 User Manual About This Manual Related Documentation The following documents contain information that you might find helpful as you read this manual e Where to Start with Your NI Digitizer e NI SCOPE Software User Manual e NI SCOPE Instrument Driver Quick Reference Guide You can download these documents from ni com manuals Safety Information NI PCI 5911 User Manual This section contains important safety information that you must follow when installing and using the device Do not operate the device in a manner not specified in this document Misuse of the device can result in a hazard You can compromise the safety protection built into the device if the device is damaged in any way If the device is damaged return it to National Instruments NI for repair Do not substitute parts or modify the device except as described in this document Use the device only with the chassis devices accessories and cables specified in the installation instructions You must have all covers and filler panels installed during operation of the device Do not operate the device in an explosive atmosphere or where there may be flammable gases or fumes If you must operate the device in such an environment it must be in a suitably rated enclosure If you n
44. put Amplifier PGIA The analog input of the NI 5911 is equipped with a differential programmable gain input amplifier The PGIA accurately interfaces to and scales the signal presented to the ADC regardless of source impedance source amplitude DC biasing or common mode noise voltages Differential Input When measuring high dynamic range signals ground noise is often a problem The PGIA of the NI 5911 allows you to make noise free signal measurements The PGIA differential amplifier efficiently rejects any noise present on the ground signal Internal to the PGIA the signal National Instruments Corporation 2 1 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Chapter 2 Hardware Overview presented at the negative input is subtracted from the signal presented at the positive input As shown in Figure 2 2 this subtraction removes ground noise from the signal The inner conductor of the BNC is V The outer shell is V Input Signal V out lw 7 Ground Noise Figure 2 2 Signal Noise Free Measurements Grounding Considerations The path for the positive signal has been optimized for speed and linearity You should always apply signals to the positive input and ground to the negative input Reversing the inputs results in higher distortion and lower bandwidth The negative input of the amplifier is grounded to PC ground through a 10 kQ resistor The PGIA is therefore referenced to ground so it is not necessary to make any e
45. t that can be detected by a measurement system Resolution can be expressed in bits or in digits The number of bits in a system is roughly equal to 3 3 times the number of digits root mean square a measure of signal amplitude the square root of the average value of the square of the instantaneous signal amplitude read only memory real time system integration bus the National Instruments timing bus that connects devices directly by means of connectors on top of the boards for precise synchronization of functions seconds samples samples per second used to express the rate at which an instrument samples an analog signal 100 MS s would equal 100 million samples each second NI PCI 5911 User Manual Glossary sense settling time source impedance system noise T temperature coefficient thermal drift thermal EMFs thermoelectric potentials transfer rate trigger U undersampling update rate NI PCI 5911 User Manual in four wire resistance the sense measures the voltage across the resistor being excited by the excitation current the amount of time required for a voltage to reach its final value within specified limits a parameter of signal sources that reflects current driving ability of voltage sources lower is better and the voltage driving ability of current sources higher is better a measure of the amount of noise seen by an analog circuit or an ADC when the analog inputs are gro
46. t the CPU should suspend its current task to service a designated activity the relative priority at which a device can interrupt industry standard architecture kilo the standard metric prefix for 1 000 or 103 used with units of measure such as volts hertz and meters 1 000 samples laboratory virtual instrument engineering workbench a graphical programming ADE developed by National Instruments least significant bit meters megabytes of memory See buffer million samples most significant bit G 5 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Glossary noise Nyquist frequency Nyquist Sampling Theorem 0 Ohm s Law overrange oversampling P passband PCI peak value posttriggering NI PCI 5911 User Manual an undesirable electrical signal noise comes from external sources such as the AC power line motors generators transformers fluorescent lights soldering irons CRT displays computers electrical storms welders radio transmitters and internal sources such as semiconductors resistors and capacitors Noise corrupts signals you are trying to send or receive a frequency that is one half the sampling rate See also Nyquist Sampling Theorem the theorem states that if a continuous bandwidth limited analog signal contains no frequency components higher than half the frequency at which it is sampled then the original signal can be recovered without distortion R V 1 the relationship of voltage
47. ter clocked by a 25 MHz internal timebase With this configuration you can select a hardware holdoff value of 5 us to 171 79 s in increments of 40 ns For more information on trigger holdoff refer to Chapter 3 Common Functions and Examples of the NI SCOPE Software User Manual The NI 5911 allocates at least 4 KB of onboard memory for each record in a single multi record acquisition Samples are stored in this buffer before transfer to the host computer Thus the minimum size for a buffer in the onboard memory is approximately 4 000 8 bit conventional mode samples or 1 000 32 bit flexible resolution mode samples Software allows you to specify buffers of less than these minimum buffer sizes because only the specified number of points is transferred from onboard memory into the memory of the host computer The total number of samples that can be stored depends on the size of the acquisition memory module installed on the NI 5911 and the size of each acquired sample The maximum number of records in a single multi record acquisition is equal to the size of the memory module divided by 4 kB Triggering and Memory Usage NI PCI 5911 User Manual During the acquisition samples are stored in a circular buffer that is continually rewritten until a trigger is received After the trigger is received the NI 5911 continues to acquire posttrigger samples if you have specified a posttrigger sample count The acquired samples are placed into onboard
48. the converter and may be inaccurate External Calibration External calibration calibrates the internal reference on the NI 5911 The NI 5911 is already calibrated when it is shipped from the factory Periodically the NI 5911 needs external calibration to remain within the specified accuracy For more information on calibration contact NI or visit ni com calibration For actual intervals and accuracy refer to the Calibration section of Appendix A Specifications Triggering and Arming There are several triggering methods for the NI 5911 The trigger can be an analog level that is compared to the input or any of several digital inputs You also can call a software function to trigger the digitizer Figure 2 3 shows the different trigger sources When you use a digital signal that signal must be at a high TTL level for at least 40 ns before any triggers are accepted B Note The NI 5911 does not support delayed triggering NI PCI 5911 User Manual 2 8 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview COMP Analog aTC_OUT Trigger Circuit Low __ COMP Level a Analog Trigger Circuit Software ATC_OUT RTSI lt 0 6 gt 7 Trigger 7 PFI 1 PFI2 4 gt 2 L Arm b Trigger and Arm Sources Figure 2 3 Trigger Sources Analog Trigger Circuit The analog trigger on the NI 5911 operates by comparing the current analog input to an onboard threshold voltage
49. trument drivers B 1 K KnowledgeBase B 1 memory description 2 10 triggering and memory usage 2 10 multiple record acquisitions 2 11 National Instruments calibration certificate B 1 customer education B 1 ni com Declaration of Conformity B 1 professional services B 1 system integration services B 1 technical support B 1 worldwide offices B 2 NI5911 See also hardware overview block diagram 2 1 connectors BNC connector 1 1 DIN connector 1 1 location on front panel figure 1 2 SMB connector 1 1 front panel figure 1 2 installing 1 1 Scope Soft Front Panel 1 4 specifications acquisition characteristics A 3 acquisition modes A 7 acquisition system A 1 timebase system A 5 triggering systems A 6 NI SCOPE driver software installing 1 1 programmatically controlling NI 5911 1 3 noise free measurements 2 1 0 online technical support B 1 operating environment specifications A 7 oscilloscope mode definition 2 5 purpose and use 2 5 Real Time and RIS sampling methods 2 5 output impedance 2 3 National Instruments Corporation 1 3 Index P PFI lines as inputs 2 12 as outputs 2 12 overview 2 11 PGIA See differential programmable gain input amplifier PGIA phone technical support B 2 physical specifications A 7 power requirement specifications A 7 professional services B 1 programmable gain input amplifier PGIA See differential programmable gain input amplifier PGI
50. unded the percentage that a measurement will vary according to temperature See also thermal drift measurements that change as the temperature varies thermal electromotive forces voltages generated at the junctions of dissimilar metals that are functions of temperature Also called thermoelectric potentials See thermal EMFs the rate measured in bytes s at which data is moved from source to destination after software initialization and set up operations the maximum rate at which the hardware can operate any event that causes or starts some form of data capture sampling at a rate lower than the Nyquist frequency can cause aliasing the number of output updates per second G 8 ni com VAC VDC error VI Vims W waveform shape working voltage Glossary volts volts alternating current volts direct current voltage error virtual instrument 1 a combination of hardware and or software elements typically used with a PC that has the functionality of a classic stand alone instrument 2 a LabVIEW software module VI which consists of a front panel user interface and a block diagram program volts root mean square value the shape the magnitude of a signal creates over time the highest voltage that should be applied to a product in normal use normally well under the breakdown voltage for safety margin National Instruments Corporation G 9 NI PCI 5911 User Manual Index A AC coupling
51. working voltages and transient stresses overvoltage from the circuit to which they are connected during measurement or test Installation categories establish standard impulse withstand voltage levels that commonly occur in electrical distribution systems The following is a description of installation categories e Installation Category I is for measurements performed on circuits not directly connected to the electrical distribution system referred to as MAINS voltage This category is for measurements of voltages from specially protected secondary circuits Such voltage measurements include signal levels special equipment limited energy parts of equipment circuits powered by regulated low voltage sources and electronics e Installation Category II is for measurements performed on circuits directly connected to the electrical distribution system This category refers to local level electrical distribution such as that provided by a standard wall outlet for example 115 AC voltage for U S or 230 AC voltage for Europe Examples of Installation Category II are measurements performed on household appliances portable tools and similar devices e Installation Category III is for measurements performed in the building installation at the distribution level This category refers to measurements on hard wired equipment such as equipment in fixed installations distribution boards and circuit breakers Other examples are wiring including
52. xternal ground connections If the device you connect to the NI 5911 is already connected to ground ground loop noise voltages may be induced into your system Notice that in most of these situations the 10 kQ resistance to PC ground is normally much higher than the cable impedances you use As a result most of the noise voltage occurs at the negative input of the PGIA where it is rejected rather than in the positive input where it would be amplified NI PCI 5911 User Manual 2 2 ni com Chapter 2 Hardware Overview Input Ranges To optimize the ADC resolution you can select different gains for the PGIA so that you can scale your input signal to match the full input range of the converter The NI 5911 PGIA offers seven input ranges from 0 1 V to 10 V as shown in Table 2 1 Table 2 1 Input Ranges for the NI 5911 Range Input Protection Threshold 10 V 10 V 5 V 5 V 2 V 5 V 1 V 5 V 0 5 V 5 V 0 2 V 5 V 0 1 V 5 V le Note If you try to acquire a signal below the set input range the sensitive front end components of the NI 5911 may become unstable and begin returning invalid data To return the digitizer to a stable configuration switch to the maximum input range setting and acquire an AC coupled or 0 V signal The input stage of the NI 5911 requires a settling time that depends on which vertical range you are switching from and which vertical range you are switching to

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