EFM104HR Wireless Modem Module User`s Manual
Contents
1. The Real Time Devices Logo is a registered trademark of Real Time Devices utility Module is a trademark of Real Time Devices MultiModem is a trademark of Multi Tech Systems Inc All other trademarks appearing in this document are the property of their respective owners EFM104HR 3 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Table of Contents List of illustrations and tables 5 Chapter 1 Introduction 6 w ud mit p 6 Data Fax moderata et tdeo opta e uda doa ui dotati autas 6 166 550 compatble UAR iiies erred eoo rebar aput osten cs o R ea DAERA AERES DAF 7 GO interfaces 5s ondussss Ae mebeippeteiuiesetebedebnsdetegsted e etetebedessti be e cte d el estededrbs 7 Mechanical GeSCription cceeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeseenaeeeeeeeeees 7 Gobleclol descriplioll cs esent te Ai LEA D A A DA A 7 What comes with your DOGSIG iiie a et tla eet etd ipta 7 Using ths Tmallialas i uoo ien oon ooh dco enh n cea eh 8 When you need higlbi sie De patet tro erret eter irre eV MERE 8 Chapter 2 Board settings 9 Factory configured jumper settings seeeeeeeeeeesssss 10 Base address JURDOlS si i i Ee ree re er Ero EE E Iove dE UE Fo ER IDEE EN PER MME 11 Host interruptis P Emm 13 Chapter 3 Board installation 14 Boardnstalfallo2. 0x21 outp 0x21 Gi old mask amp 1 lt lt IRQ1_VECTOR _enable PB E ES rene Be a ee he ht aie NS Function restore do this before exiting program Inputs Nothing Returns Nothing Purpose Restore the interrupt vector table void restore void Restore the old vectors disable dos setvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 old IRQ1 handler outp 0x21 Gi old mask _enable EFM104HR 27 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 6 EFM104HR SPECIFICATIONS Host interface 16 bit PC 104 bus XT bus used for data Modem specifications Operational Client to Server Client to Client Fax datarates Data format Modem compatibility Status indicator UART and I O UART compatibility Oscillator frequency Connection Base addresses Interrupts Digital I O EFM104HR Electromechanical Operating temperature range Humidity Altitude Vibration Power consumption V 90 or K56 flex 56Kbps download speed upload speed 33 6Kbps via enhanced V 34 33 600 31 200 28 800 24 00 21 600 19 200 16 800 14 400 12 00 9600 7200 4800 2400 1200 0 300bps 14 400 12 00 9600 7200 4800 2400 1200 300bps Serial binary asyncronous ITU V 90 K56flex 4 LED s 16C550 1 8432MHz Full hardware handshaking supported 3244 2 5 7 10 11 12 14 and 15 8 TTL outputs 8 TTL inputs w 10K pd 40 to 85C Convection cooling RH up to 95 non condensing 1000 to 30 000 ft Survival 10G peak 0 8W m
3. creepage and clearances of the MT6534SMI and the EFM104HR are designed to meet the safety requirements of EN60950 and IEC950 NOTE Even if these precautions on the board and the modem module are followed there are no guarantees that a particular installation or system will comply with all the necessary regulatory requirements It is imperative that specific systems are evaluated by a qualified or recognised agency in you country Status LED s Four LED s are used to indicate communication activity Two green LED s indicate TXD and RXD line activity while two red LED s show connection status with DTR and DCD signals EFM104HR 18 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual UART channel Modem data is sent and received through a standard 16C550 compatible UART All today s operating systems will recognize and support this serial communication device The EFM104HR uses its own onboard serial port and will not reserve serial port resources from the system The I O base address and interrupt for this serial port can be flexibly set as has been described in previous chapters of this manual This user s manual will not wade into details of serial port programming This information is commonly available today You can use any communication software package or terminal program to connect to your EFM104HR UART Just make sure you set up the I O and IRQ right The UART on the board is specified for full operation from 40 to 85C The oscillator frequency is
4. set to be 1 8432MHz Note that the UART interrupt can be disabled or enabled from software by writing to bit 01 in address 0x402 After power up the interrupt is enabled Digital I O For general purpose digital I O interfacing a 16 bit digital I O port is provided This port includes 8 TTL level digital outputs that are automatically cleared to 0 after system reset Also are included 8 digital inputs with 10K Ohm pull down resistors These l O s are located on the left side of the board These l O s are ideal to be used to interface to LCD displays LED s push buttons or other low power controls EFM104HR 19 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 5 BOARD OPERATION AND PROGRAMMING This chapter shows you how to program and use your EFM104HR It provides a general description of the I O map Detailed serial port programming tips are not within the scope of this manual Defining the Memory Map The memory map of the EFM104HR occupies eight bytes of host PC I O space This window is freely selectable by the user as described in Chapter 2 Table 2 2 After setting the base address you have access to the internal resources of the EFM104HR control logic These resources are not described in detail since they are mapped as a standard PC serial port For more details on the EXAR ST16C550lJ44 UART chip programming please download the component specific data sheet from the manufacturers website http www exar com products st16c550 html AD
5. with the product being returned 8 Carefully package the product to be returned using anti static packaging We will not be responsible for products damaged in transit for repair 7 Write the RMA number on the outside of the package 8 Ship the package to Real Time Devices Finland Oy Lepolantie 14 FIN 00660 Helsinki FINLAND 29 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Limited Warranty Real Time Devices Inc warrants the hardware and software products it manufactures and produces to be free from defects in materials and workmanship for one year following the date of shipment from REAL TIME DEVICES This warranty is limited to the original purchaser of product and is not transferable During the one year warranty period REAL TIME DEVICES will repair or replace at its option any defective products or parts at no additional charge provided that the product is returned shipping prepaid to REAL TIME DEVICES All replaced parts and products become the property of REAL TIME DEVICES Before returning any product for repair customers are required to contact the factory for an RMA number THIS LIMITED WARRANTY DOES NOT EXTEND TO ANY PRODUCTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DAMAGED AS A RESULT OF ACCIDENT MISUSE ABUSE such as use of incorrect input voltages improper or insufficient ventilation failure to follow the operating instructions that are provided by REAL TIME DEVICES acts of God or other contingencies beyond the control of REAL TIME DEVIC
6. 04HR board has jumper settings which can be changed to suit your application and host computer configuration The factory settings are listed and shown in the diagram at the beginning of this chapter Make sure you completely study and understand this chapter before making changes to these settings EFM104HR 9 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Factory Configured Jumper Settings Table 2 1 below illustrates the factory jumper setting for the EFM104HR Figure 2 1 shows the board layout of the EFM104HR and the locations of the jumpers The following paragraphs explain how to change the factory jumper settings to suit your specific application Table 2 1 Factory configured jumper settings Please see figure 2 1 below for more detailed locations JUMPER NAME DESCRIPTION NUMBER OF JUMPERS FACTORY SETTING BASE Base Address l6 2E8 6E8 IRQ JjHostinerup 11 1 5 G jumperclosed Xd aaa edi Tira Dore Fig 2 1 EFM104HR Board layout showing jumper locations EFM104HR 10 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Base address jumpers Factory setting 2E8h 6E8h The EFM104HR is I O mapped into the memory space of your host XT AT The board occupies a consecutive memory window of 8 bytes starting from the base address for UART communication and 4 consecutive bytes starting from BASE 400h for the board control and status registers As an example if your base address is set to be 2E8h for the serial port the onb
7. D PROTECTION RJ 11 Connector 16C550 UART IRQ SELECT J3 PCAO4 BUS J2 DECODER V Fig 4 1 Block diagram of the EFM104HR EFM104HR 17 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual The 56K flex modem module The EFM104HR modem is built around the MultiTech inductrial 56 Kbaud modem module It is designed for applications such as telemetry telematics or communication and for integration in stationary telephone systems in the EU the US and Canada The EFM104HR is capable of powerful communication with a datarate of 56Kbaud It is capable of FAX communication at 14 4kbaud The EFM104HR uses standard modem AT commands with a special extension instruction set for modem specif functions A complete description on these AT instructions is available in the component specific documentation of the MT5634SMI modem unit Phone line connection This section discussed hardware issues related to the phone line connection protection and filtering Surface mount EMC filtering ferrites are used on the T amp R to reduce emissions on the RJ11 cable 220pF capacitors are also used to reduce common mode emissions that may be present in certain systems On the solder side is a blob that must be closed if the mounting hole next to the high voltage capacitors is not connected to the chassis groung of your computer A special telecom fuse is used in series of the R line to meet the UL1950 3 rd edition protection against overvoltage from power line crosses All
8. DR hex REGISTER COMMENTS BASE TXD Only if control reg Bit 720 RXD Only if control reg Bit 720 BAUD div Low Only if control reg Bit 721 BAUD div High Only if control reg Bit 721 IRQ enable Only if control reg Bit 720 IRQ ID Line control Modem control Line status Modem status BASE 400 Digital I O Digital I O ports BASE 402 EFM104HR Configuration registers status BASE 403 EFM104HR Reserved for future use control Table 5 1 General I O map of the EFM104HR BASE Base Address EFM104HR 20 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 Bit 0 Bit 1 Bit 2 Bit 3 EFM104HR BASE 400 Digital l O R W This address is used to interface to the digital I O port of the EFM104HR writing to this address will transfer the data out of the output port while reading from this address will return the data from the digital inputs BASE 402 EFM104HR Status R W 0x00 after reset Write Read BASE 403 Write Read EN RST O host reset will clear digital outputs 1 disabled EN_INT 0 UART interrupt enabled 1 disabled RESERVED RESERVED EN RST state EN INT state RESERVED RESERVED EFM104HR Control R W 0x00 after reset RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED RESERVED 21 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual INTERRUPTS What is an interrup
9. EFM104HR Table 3 1 Pin outs of the EFM104HR digital I O interface connector Table 5 1 General I O map of the EFM104HR 5 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION This user s manual describes the operation of the RTD EFM104HR embedded modem module designed for industrial telemetry and security applications Features Some of the key features of the EFM104HR include Low power MT5634SMI ITP 56K Data Fax modem UL 1950 FCC part 68 CS03 and EN60950 approved 14 4K Class 1 and 2 fax services Industry standard AT style commands 16C550 UART interface to host computer Supports COM1 COM2 COM3 COM4 or COMx Available IRQ s 2 5 6 7 10 11 12 14 15 Status LED s for DTR CTS TXD and RXD 16 TTL l O s 8 outputs 8 inputs with 10K pull down 5V only operation 1W power consumption Wide operating temperature range 40 to 85C Fully PC 104 compliant IDAN versions available The following paragraphs briefly describe the major features of the EFM104HR A more detailed discussion is included in Chapter 4 Hardware description The boards installation is described in Chapter 2 Board Installation Data Fax modem EFM104HR The Real Time Devices EFM104HR embedded data and fax modem provides a direct and reliable connection to proprietary or public wired telephone systems for data and or data connunication The MT ModemModule complies with telecom requirements in the areas of US Canada and the EU The EFM104HR uses the Mu
10. EFMIOAHR Wireless Modem Module User s Manual Hardware revision 1 0 Ul Real Time Devices Inc Accessing the Analog World User s Manual EFM104HR 56 kbaud Data Fax Modem Module User s Manual REAL TIME DEVICES FINLAND OY LEPOLANTIE 14 FIN 00660 HELSINKI FINLAND Phone 4358 9 346 4538 FAX 358 9 346 4539 EMail sales rtdfinland fi techsupport rtdfinland fi Websites http www rtdfinland fi http www rtdusa com EFM104HR 2 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual WARNING LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS This product is not designed for use in life support appliances devices or systems where malfunctioning of these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury RTD customers using or selling this product for use in these applications do so at their own risk and fully agree to indemnify RTD for any damages resulting from such improper use or sale Revision History 13 08 2001 HW Release 1 0 Preliminary version released Notice We have attempted to verify all information in this manual as of the publication date Information in this manual may change without prior notice from RTD Finland Oy Published by Real Time Devices Finland Oy Lepolantie 14 FIN 00660 Helsinki Finland Copyright 2001 Real Time Devices Finland Oy All rights reserved Printed in Finland PC XT PC AT are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation PC 104 is a registered trademark of the PC 104 Consortium
11. ES OR AS A RESULT OF SERVICE OR MODIFICATION BY ANYONE OTHER THAN REAL TIME DEVICES EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY SET FORTH ABOVE NO OTHER WARRANTIES ARE EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND REAL TIME DEVICES EXPRESSLY DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES NOT STATED HEREIN ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES INCLUDING IMPLIED WARRANTIES FOR MECHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE LIMITED TO THE DURATION OF THIS WARRANTY IN THE EVENT THE PRODUCT IS NOT FREE FROM DEFECTS AS WARRANTED ABOVE THE PURCHASER S SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE REPAIR OR REPLACEMENT AS PROVIDED ABOVE UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES WILL REAL TIME DEVICES BE LIABLE TO THE PURCHASER OR ANY USER FOR ANY DAMAGES INCLUDING ANY INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES EXPENSES LOST PROFITS LOST SAVINGS OR OTHER DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PRODUCT SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES FOR CONSUMER PRODUCTS AND SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG AN IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS SO THE ABOVE LIMITATIONS OR EXCLUSIONS MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS AND YOU MAY ALSO HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE EFM104HR 30 RTD Finland Oy
12. R is to save the startup state of the interrupt mask register IMR and the original interrupt vector you are using The IMR is located in address 21h The interrupt vector you will be using is located in the interrupt vector table which is an array of pointers addresses and it is locate din the first 1024 bytes of the memory Segment O offset 0 You can read this value directly but it is better practice to use DOS function 35h get interrupt vector to do this Most C compilers have a special function available for doing this The vectors for the hardware interrupts on the XT bus are vectors 8 15 where IRQO uses vector 8 and IRQ7 uses vector 15 Thus if your EFM104HR is using IRQ5 it corresponds to vector number 13 Before you install your ISR temporarily mask out the IRQ you will be using This prevents the IRQ from requesting an interrupt while you are installing and initializing your ISR To mask the IRQ read the current IMR at I O port 21h and set the bit that corresponds to the IRQ The IMR is arranged so that bit 0 is for IRQO and bit 7 is for IRQ7 See the paragraph entitled Interrupt Mask Register IMR earlier in this discussion for help in determining your IRQ s bit After setting the bit write the new value to I O port 21h With the startup IMR saved and the interrupts temporarily disabled you can assign the interrupt vector to point to your ISR Again you can overwrite the appropriate entry in the vector table with a direct m
13. connector or use a short cable inside your enclosure to connect to a feed through connector to allow connection of the antenna to the wall of your enclosure All general digital I O connections are made using header type terminals What comes with your board Your EFM104HR package contains the following items e EFM104HR board e User s manual Note Device drivers and example software available on the internet If any item is missing or damaged please send an EMAIL to Real Time Devices Finland sales service department at Internet address lt sales rtdfinland fi gt EFM104HR 7 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Using this manual This manual is intended to help you install your new EFM104HR module and get it working quickly while also providing enough detail about the board and it s functions so that you can enjoy maximum use of it s features even in the most demanding applications When you need help This manual and all the example programs will provide you with enough information to fully utilize all the features on this board If you have any problems installing or using this board contact our Technical support department at lt techsupport rtdfinland fi gt When sending us an Email request please include the following information Your company s name and address your name your telephone number and a brief description of the problem EFM104HR 8 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 2 BOARD SETTINGS The EFM1
14. e RJ11 connector on the EFM104HR modem e Apply power to your system EFM104HR 14 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual EFM104HR Phone Jack EFMIOAHR DM6430HR 1 CMMOGBOGXSOO Fig 3 1 EFM104HR integrated in a RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack together with a CMM series cpuModule and dataModule General Purpose Digital l O connector The Table 3 1 below shows the pin outs of the EFM104HR digital I O interface The signals in this geader connector can be used as general purpose TTL level I O lines to interface to LCD displays LED s push buttons or relays Note that Figure 3 2 shows two connectors together The connector J2 carries all inputs and J3 carries all the outputs Description 1 5V 3 Outi 5 Out3 7 Out5 9 Out7 PIN J2 Description 1 5V 3 In1 5 In3 7 In5 9 In7 PIN J3 2 4 6 8 10 PIN J26 2 4 6 8 10 Description OutO Out2 Out4 Out6 GND Description InO In2 In4 In6 GND Table 3 1 Pin outs of the EFM104HR digital I O interface connector 15 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual OJjoOoooco e O O o o e Fig 3 2 Digital I O connector layout of the EFM104HR EFM104HR 16 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 4 HARDWARE DESCRIPTION This chapter describes the major hardware building blocks of the EFM104HR e The 56K flex modem module e Phone line connection e Status LED s e UART channel e Digital I O N MODEM CIRCUITRY DATA BUFFER FILTERS AN
15. emory write but this is not recommended Instead use the DOS function 25h Set Interrupt Vector or if your compiler provides it the library routine for setting up interrupt vectors Remember that interrupt vector 8 corresponds to IRQO vector 9 for IRQ1 etc If you need to program the source of your interrupts do that next For example if you are using transmitted or received messages as an interrupt source program it to do that Finally clear the mask bit for your IRQ in the IMR This will enable your IRQ Common Interrupt mistakes Remember hardware interrupts are from 8 15 XT IRQ s are numbered 0 7 Do not forget to clear the IRQ mask bit in the IMR Forgetting to send the EOI command after ISR code Disables further interrupts EFM104HR 26 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Example on Interrupt vector table setup in C code void far interrupt new IRQ1 handler void SR function define IRQ1 VECTOR 3 Name for IRQ void interrupt far old IRQ1 dispatcher es ds di si bp sp bx dx cx ax ip cs flags Variable to store old IRQ_Vector void far interrupt new_IRQ1_handler void Function init irg handlers Inputs Nothing Returns Nothing Purpose Set the pointers in the interrupt table to point to our funtions ie setup for ISR s void init irg handlers void disable old IRQ1 handler dos getvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 dos setvect IRQ1 VECTOR 8 new IRQ1 handler Gi old mask inp
16. f you are writing your ISR in Assembly language DOS and many floating point emulators are not re entrant Of course there are ways to avoid this problem such as those which activate when your ISR E TUNE Such solutions are however beyond the scope of this manual The second major concern when writing ISR s is to make them as short as possible in term of execution time Spending long times in interrupt service routines may mean that other important interrupts are not serviced Also if you spend too long in your ISR it may be called again before you have exited This will lead to your computer hanging up and will require a reboot Your ISR should have the following structure Push any processor registers used in your ISR Put the body of your routine here Clear the interrupt bit by reading EFM104HR RXD register Issue the EOI command to the 8259 by writing 20h to 20h Pop all registers Most C compilers do this automatically The following C example shows what the shell of your ISR should be like void interrupt far new IRQ handler void IRQ flag 1 Indicate to process interrupt has occurred Your program code to read UART read to a data buffer for example Guc_buffer Gi_bufpos inp gi SERIAL DATA j outp 0x20 0x20 Acknowledge the interrupt controller EFM104HR 25 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Saving the Startup Interrupt Mask Register IMR and interrupt vector The next step after writing the IS
17. hi sae oesetole tete Con eeu ER atr CES kanes 14 General purpose digital I O eeeessseeeeseeeeeneeeere 15 Chapter 4 Hardware description 17 The 56K flex modem module seseeeeseeeeeee 18 Phone line COMMECHON 222 citc m 18 Sie OS LESS rao oa oe a ate ware cee te ee cee cae etal cee ea oa ed anaes anita eee 18 ses f 1g e 19 Digital HO aate Dh ean dO DC eee n dE 19 Chapter 5 Board operation and programming 20 Defining the memory map ssseeemmnnnnnnnrnnn 20 BASE 400h Digital UE iei prete p eae pale teda ics 21 BASE 402h EFM104HR status register esesssesssssss 21 In terttplIls a ariete ash neo c uit tob ctum cad mel duet 22 EFM104HR 4 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 6 EFM104HR Specifications 28 Chapter 7 Return policy and warranty 29 List of illustrations and tables EFM104HR Fig 2 1 EFM104HR Board layout showing jumper locations Fig 2 2 Base address jumpers illustrating address 3F8h Fig 2 3 Interrupt jumpers from left to right IRQ 2 5 6 7 10 11 12 15 and G Fig 3 1 EFM104HR integrated in a RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack together with CMM series cpuModule and dataModule Fig 3 2 Digital I O connector layout of the EFM104HR Fig 4 1 Block diagram of the EFM104HR Table 2 1 Factory configured jumper settings Table 2 2 Base address jumper settings
18. in 1 2W normal RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 7 RETURN POLICY AND WARRANTY Return Policy If the module requires repair you may return it to us by following the procedure listed below Caution Failure to follow this return procedure will a most always delay repair Please help EFM104HR us expedite your repair by following this procedure 1 Read the limited warranty which follows 2 Contact the factory and request a Returned Merchandise Authorization RMA number 3 On a sheet of paper write the name phone number and fax number of a technically competent person who can answer questions about the problem 4 On the paper write a detailed description of the problem with the product Answer the following questions Did the product ever work in your application What other devices were connected to the product How was power supplied to the product What features did and did not work What was being done when the product failed What were environmental conditions when the product failed 5 Indicate the method we should use to ship the product back to you We will return warranty repairs by UPS Ground at our expense e Warranty repairs may be returned by a faster service at your expense e Non warranty repairs will be returned by UPS Ground or the method you select and will be billed to you 6 Clearly specify the address to which we should return the product when repaired 7 Enclose the paper
19. l oijioi oio l o jioj 1 1 oi jio lo jo lIl eo oi io jo o jo o o o jo o o 1 ojo o o 1I 1 1 ojoo ojojojoo 7 olo olojioiloj oj i 447 QeO ojoj joj ojo oj oi jo o o o o jo jo oj 1 r r r r r r r r 1 r 1 O O O Ooj oj ojo o ojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojojoioo co oo olcojolio lolol o o ol io ojoljoo io ojojo jololololo QT Q QI co cOo sr ILO LO XO oNN ooo c c nn O O CO LL LL ILL QUI QUI OULU QU QUI ANE ONE OL QE QE GEL ONE QE QE L QE cu e OIL ON CL ON uL QNLLONLIONI 1 JUMPER CLOSED JUMPER OFF 0z Table 2 2 Base address jumper settings for the EFM104HR RTD Finland Oy 12 EFM104HR User s Manual ADDR AB Fig 2 2 Base address jumpers illustrating address 3F8h A8 is to the bottom A3 is located to the top of the jumper block Host interrupt Factory setting IRQ5 G closed The header connector shown in Figure 2 3 below lets you connect the onboard control logic interrupt outputs to one of the interrupt channels available on the host computer XT AT bus SERRE Ee Fig 2 3 Interrupt jumpers from left to right IRQ2 5 6 7 10 11 12 14 15 and G Note The EFM104HR hardware supports interrupt sharing Jumper G must be closed on one module per used interrupt For example if two boards share interrupt number 7 only one board may have the G jumper closed The G jum
20. lti Tech MT5635SMI ITP industrial temperature range modem module This includes a Lucent Venus controller DSP and the Lucent 1034CSP codec It also includes a 4M Flash and 32Kx16 SRAM for V 90 K56flex modem operation and V 17 Class 1 and Class 2 Fax 6 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual 16C550 compatible UART Communication to the ModemModule is performed through a standard UART channel This onboard serial port leaves the other system serial ports free for the user All operating systems will recognize and support this 16550 standard UART and therefore no special communication drivers are needed to receive data from your modem Commercial K56flex modem drivers will work correctly The address and interrupt of your serial channel can be changed with the onboard jumpers VO interfaces The EFM104HR can be controlled and monitored from the software through two dedicated I O registers A special I O connector is available for the user to connect to the general purpose TTL level digital I O The control registers are located in a I O area of BASE 400h Mechanical description The EFM104HR is designed on a PC 104 form factor An easy mechanical interface to both PC 104 and RTD IDAN systems can be achieved Stack your EFM104HR directly on a PC 104 compatible CPU module using the onboard mounting holes and standoffs Connector description The Line interface uses a RJ11 standard modem jack interface Connect your phone cable directly to this
21. oard control registers will start from 6E8h The most common cause of failure when you are first setting up your module is address contention some of your computers I O space is already occupied by other devices and memory resident programs When the EFM104HR attempts to use it s own reserved memory addresses which are being already used by another peripheral device erratic performance can occur and the data read from the board may be corrupted To avoid this problem make sure you set up the base address by using the six jumpers on the right side of the board this allows you to choose from a number of different addresses in your host computer s I O map Should the factory installed setting of 38fh be incompatible to your system configuration you may change this setting to another using the options illustrated in Table 2 2 overleaf The table shows the jumper settings and their corresponding values in hexadecimal form Ensure that you verify the correct location of the base address jumpers When the jumper is removed it corresponds to a logical 0 connecting the jumper to a 1 When you set the base address of the module record the setting inside the back cover of this manual EFM104HR 11 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual 2 c E 9 E S P 3 S ob t E O E JH gt SE o b BE tc E I D t ES o E zn u 2 faa O Ooj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj oj o oj joj o o O o loijoi oi jo
22. per connects a 1KOhm resistor to ground while the shared interrupts are 3 stated pulling the line to an inactive level EFM104HR 13 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Chapter 3 BOARD INSTALLATION The EFM104HR GSM modem module is designed to directly mount on top or under your RTD PC 104 cpuModule stack This chapter tells you step by step how to install your EFM104HR into your system Board installation Keep your board in its antistatic bag until you are ready to install it to your system When removing it from the bag hold the board at the edges and do not touch the components or connectors Please handle the board in an antistatic environment and use a grounded workbench for testing and handling of your hardware Before installing the board in your computer check the power cabling Failure to do so may cause the power supply unit to malfunction or even cause permanent damage General installation guidelines e Touch the grounded metal housing of your computer to discharge any antistatic buildup and then remove the board from its antistatic bag e Hold the board by the edges and install it in an enclosure or place it on the table on an antistatic surface e Install your board in your system and wire the power supply correctly Failure to do so may cause the power supply unit to malfunction or even cause permanent damage to the device e Check all wiring connections once and then once more again e Connect the phone line jack to th
23. rity level of the interrupt is determined by the number of the IRQ as follows IRQO has the highest priority whilst IRQ15 has the lowest Many of the IRQ s are already used by the standard system resources IRQO is dedicated to the internal timer IRQ1 is dedicated to the keyboard input IRQ3 for the serial port COM2 and IRQA for the serial port COM1 Often interrupts 2 5 7 10 11 and 15 are free for the user EFM104HR 22 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual 8259 Programmable Interrupt Controller The chip responsible for handling interrupt requests in a PC is the 8259 Interrupt Controller To use interrupts you will need to know how to read and set the 8259 s internal interrupt mask register IMR and how to send the end of interrupt EOI command to acknowledge the 8259 interrupt controller Interrupt Mask Register IMR Each bit in the interrupt mask register IMR contains the mask status of the interrupt line If a bit is set equal to 1 then the corresponding IRQ is masked and it will not generate an interrupt If a bit is cleared equal to 0 then the corresponding IRQ is not masked and it can then generate an interrupt The interrupt mask register is programmed through port 21h End of Interrupt EOI Command After an interrupt service routine is complete the 8259 Interrupt Controller must be acknowledged by writing the value 20h to port 20h What exactly happens when an interrupt occurs Understanding the sequence of event
24. s when an interrupt is triggered is necessary to correctly write interrupt handlers When an interrupt request line is driven high by a peripheral device such as the EFM104HR the interrupt controller checks to see if interrupts are enabled for that IRQ It then checks to see if other interrupts are active or requested and determines which interrupt has priority The interrupt controller then interrupts the processor The current code segment CS instruction pointer IP and flags are pushed onto the system stack and a new set if CS and IP are loaded from the lowest 1024 bytes of memory This table is referred to as the interrupt vector table and each entry to this table is called an interrupt vector Once the new CS and IP are loaded from the interrupt vector table the processor starts to execute code from the new Code Segment CS and from the new Instruction Pointer IP When the interrupt routine is completed the old CS and IP are popped from the system stack and the program execution continues from the point where interruption occurred EFM104HR 23 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual Using Interrupts in your Program Adding interrupt support to your program is not as difficult as it may seem especially when programming under DOS The following discussion will cover programming under DOS Note that even the smallest mistake in your interrupt program may cause the computer to hang up and will only restart after a reboot This can be fru
25. strating and time consuming Writing an Interrupt Service Routine ISR The first step in adding interrupts to your software is to write an interrupt service routine ISR This is the routine that will be executed automatically each time an interrupt request occurs for the specified IRQ An ISR is different from other sub routines or procedures First on entrance the processor registers must be pushed onto the stack before anything else Second just before exiting the routine you must clear the interrupt on the EFM104HR by writing to the Status register and write the EOI command to the interrupt controller Finally when exiting the interrupt routine the processor registers must be popped from the system stack and you must execute the IRET assembly instruction This instruction pops the CS IP and processor flags from the system stack These were pushed onto the stack when entering the ISR Most compilers allow you to identify a function as an interrupt type and will automatically add these instructions to your ISR with one exception most compilers do not automatically add the EOI command to the function you must do it yourself Other than this and a few exceptions discussed below you can write your ISR as any code routine It can call other functions and procedures in your program and it can access global data If you are writing your first ISR we recommend you stick to the basics just something that enables you to verify you have entered
26. t An interrupt is an event that causes the processor in your computer to temporarily halt its current process and execute another routine Upon completion of the new routine control is returned to the original routine at the point where its execution was interrupted Interrupts are a very flexible way of dealing with asynchronous events Keyboard activity is a good example your computer cannot predict when you might press a key and it would be a waste of processor time to do nothing whilst waiting for a keystroke to occur Thus the interrupt scheme is used and the processor proceeds with other tasks When a keystroke finally occurs the keyboard then interrupts the processor so that it can get the keyboard data It then places it into the memory and then returns to what it was doing before the interrupt occurred Other common devices that use interrupts are A D boards network boards other used serial ports etc Interrupt request lines To allow different peripheral devices to generate interrupts on the same computer the PC AT bus has interrupt request channels IRQ s A rising edge transition on one of these lines will be latched into the interrupt controller The interrupt controller checks to see if the interrupts are to be acknowledged from that IRQ and if another interrupt is being processed it decides if the new request should supercede the one in progress or if it has to wait until the one in progress has been completed The prio
27. the ISR and executed it successfully For example set a flag in your ISR and in your main program check for the flag Note If you choose to write your ISR in in line Assembly you must push and pop registers correctly and exit the routine with the IRET instruction instead of the RET instruction There are a few precautions you must consider when writing ISR s The most important is do not use any DOS functions or functions that call DOS functions from an interrupt routine DOS is not re entrant that is a DOS function cannot call itself In typical programming this will not happen because of the way DOS is written But what about using interrupts Consider then the following situation in your program If DOS function X is EFM104HR 24 RTD Finland Oy User s Manual being executed when an interrupt occurs and the interrupt routine makes a call to the same DOS function X then function X is essentially being called while active Such cases will cause the computer to crash DOS does not support such operations The general rule is that do not call any functions that use the screen read keyboard input or any file I O routines these should not be used in ISR s The same problem of re entrancy also exists for many floating point emulators This effectively means that you should also avoid floating point mathematical operations in your ISR Note that the problem of reentrancy exists no matter what programming language you use Even i
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