USER MANUAL MIDI128
Contents
1. 5 2 23 One time velocity setup 2149 This is similar to velocity settings described in 5 2 13 but in addition it saves last used velocity settings in nonvolatile memory This should be used only during installation when you want to set default velocity of notes after each power up For expression and frequent usage control the velocity by assigning 2139 5 2 24 Single keyboard transposition buttons 2150 to 2153 A potentiometer or special switch input can be assigned as setup buton for keyboard transposition There are 4 of them to choose and their event numbers are 150 to 153 one semitone up 150 one semitone down 151 one octave up 152 and octave down 153 Pressing such button shorting input to ground will affect only the last played keyboard and this setting will be memorized in non volatile memory Go to chapter 5 1 2 for more details 14 5 2 25 Channel set buttons 2154 amp 2155 MIDI channel of the last used keyboard or potentiometer can be changed in single steps up or down by using these special events They can be assigned to any pot or special switch input Event 154 rises the channel number of last played keyboard or last turned pot by one up while event 155 does the same but one channel down The settings are stored in non volatile memory 5 2 26 All keyboards transposition 2156 to 2159 This is similar to transposition setting described in chapter 5 2 24 also you can have 1 semitone2. It means that when you constantly move the pot MIDI128 will update the MIDI parameter every 5ms This is more than enough for most of uses In some instruments either hardware or virtual some problem may occur when 6 there is heavy MIDI load It is also sometimes desirable to limit MIDI traffic e g to minimize the size of MIDI file recorded in a sequencer It is possible to change this setting using command 98n from the keypad where n determines update rate according to the table below More on how to enter digits and setting procedures in chapter 5 Default factory setting is 18ms keypad 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 987 988 989 sequence pot latency 5ms 7ms 9ms_ 13ms 18ms 25ms 35ms 50ms 70ms 0 1s update rate 200Hz 145Hz 115Hz 80Hz 55Hz 40Hz 30Hz 20Hz 15Hz 10Hz This setting is available for internal MIDI128 pot inputs and all pot capable boards POT12 BBSP PDS BBS24 connected Each board can have different update rates but all inputs in one POT board will share one rate For example you can set it to 50ms on first POT scanner and 13ms on second one assuming you have 2 As usual to change any settings for particular board select it first by moving a bit any potentiometer connected to board in question Then using your keypad enter the code from above table New settings will be activated and remembered 4 2 Bitwise resolution of analog inp
3. Also if 2 or more scanners are used this way the same input in every scanner will generate the same Program Change although in separately defined channel 17 6 Utilities 6 1 MIDI monitor MIDI128 boards have one outstanding feature that helps during installation and troubleshooting You can use MIDI monitor if you have MiDisp dedicated LCD module chapter 7 8 To activate this function select 971 and the LCD will turn red showing DEBUG MODE Each activity on any scanner will be shown in the display Every time you press or release any key or turn the potentiometer the display will indicate last transmitted data In MRG2 you can also see incoming MIDI messages The meaning of displayed values are e D internal device number in the system Ch MIDI channel E event number as described in chapter 5 2 S MIDI status byte in hexadecimal format V1 value of 1st MIDI data byte in hexadecimal format e V2 value of 2nd MIDI data byte in hexadecimal format MIDI monitor should not be enabled at all times it increases MIDI latency and may cause dropped or hung notes if LCD is connected in one chain with other scanners To turn off the MIDI monitor enter 970 from the keypad MIDI monitor is always disabled at power up 6 2 Factory defaults MIDI128 has a lot of features to set and you may sometimes go one step too far so it may be useful to have last resort in form of factory defaults reset It can be done in 2 way
4. This sets the end of ist split at the top note so in fact the upper one is not visible anymore Channel and starting note settings of upper split are also used in dual note mode described in 5 2 22 16 5 6 Programming Patch Recall Buttons Whenever a program patch instrument selected from MIDI128 is often used it is worth to memorize as fast recall button There can be 64 such buttons working in single MIDI channel Those buttons can be connected to any any keyboard scanner MIDI128 will send the patch number in channel previously assigned to all those buttons with 3 command see chapter 5 3 To memorize any patch this way you have to first select this patch somehow by using any method described in chapter 5 4 Then simply press 6 and the key where the patch should be stored Next time whenever you press this key button the MIDI Program Change message will be transmitted with the number previously stored The number stored this way can only have range 1 128 If last selected program was entered with 4 command i e was greater than 128 the number memorized will be the one from Program Change part regardless of actual Bank Select used For example if patch 700 was selected as 4 700 actual number stored will be 700 modulo 128 that is 60 To have Program Change memory in multiple channels you may use multiple keyboard scanners or splits but total number of PC recall buttons must not be greater than 64 in entire MIDI128 system
5. You can chain up to 5 POT12 scanners and make 60 inputs for the whole system The bigger black connector holds potentiometer inputs according to diagram below N 0 o o eer x Aly Aly ly Aix S N N N N N N hea N HN The black connector holds 12 inputs for pot wipers and 2 2 4 8 19 12 14 for top and bottom taps The pin numbering within one He eee connector is shown here Notice orientation of the keying CE7 FIL slot If you don t use all potentiometers you may want to connect unused inputs to VCC pin 1 Keeping any or all inputs open is quite safe but in some cases may result in unexpected MIDI messages That s most likely to happen with fast response settings described in chapter 4 1 With fast update rate and inputs left open moving one potentiometer may trigger unexpected other MIDI messages 25 In such cases it is enough to connect all unused inputs to VCC pin 1 of black connector and spurious messages will never appear again 7 8 MiDisp 2x16 characters display MIDI128 boards have lots of useful features and all are available to the user without need of any PC or custom programmer Simply because there are so many parameters it may sometimes become difficult to follow every setup procedure without any clear indication what is happening To help in user settings and add yet another functionality you may use MiDisp module with the following features one
6. bank select mode described above you must type 911 sequence on the keypad It then returns to normal mode where each button in both splits have constant value regardless of what was pressed in the other split 7 6 6 Contact on off keyboard scanner mode 912 This is normal way of operation for this scanner When a button is pressed MIDI128 can then generate MIDI notes or any other MIDI event usable with a keyboard scanner This is the oposite to CC value mode described next To set this mode on a split you have to select it first by pressing one of the buttons in that split 7 6 7 CC value pot scanner mode 913 In this mode LITSW works a bit like potentiometer scanner When button is on it simulates turning a potentiometer to a maximum and when the button is off LED is turned off it resembles a potentiometer turned to minimum So it s like 24 pots with only 2 valid positions min and max This is useful for switching parameters in virtual instruments e g Hammond emulators For each button you can assign individual MIDI event like CC or anything else and MIDI channel To set this mode on a split you have to select it first by pressing one of the buttons in that split 7 6 8 Left split blink 916 When you type this sequence on a keypad LITSW will blink all LEDs in lower split of LITSW This can be used to determine where the split point is and where are the LEDs connected 7 6 9 Right split blink 917 When you ty
7. chapter 5 5 12 inputs can be assigned to basses and 12 to chord contacts in accordion and play in different channels The board is small enough to put it inside bass chord part of an accordion Unlike other scanners all user inputs are bare pads to solder wires This further reduces space required for installation because typical IDC headers would be too big Of course it may work in any other instrument controller requiring limited 24 number of contacts and up to 3 potentiometers The diagram below describes all connections to BBS24 to master controller V lowest note top note switch common and analog inputs pot s bottom GND pot s top 5V 7 6 LITSW button scanner with LED drivers LITSW is the controller for lighted switches It has 24 inputs for contacts and 24 outputs for LEDs associated with them Currently available modes of operation for this board are 1 independent registers check boxes where each button click lights up or darkens the LED and proper MIDI message is generated according to MIDI128 setting for that scanner If this is MIDI note a note on is generated at LED turn on and note off when LED turns off If it is Program Change only one event is generated when the LED turns on 2 dependent choice radio buttons where only one LED button can be active lights up Pressing any other button causes previously lighted to turn off and the one pressed lights up now If assigned to notes only MIDI
8. input for external switch assignable the same way as any other scanner e text messages indicating every stage of user settings e backlit color changing depending on current EDIT or other modes e MIDI monitor useful when checking communication MiDisp module can be connected anywhere in the system directly to MIDI128 or in the chain with other scanners There may be several MiDisp modules connected to one MIDI128 master controller but due to power limitations there should be no more than 5 display modules in one system To have more you should use power booster available on request Only one MiDisp will become system display during startup It will show all EDIT messages and MIDI monitor Other displays may be used only as 1 button controls with visual indication You may change the way how MiDisp operates to some extent To do any settings on particular display module you must select it first and the only way of doing that is to press the button connected to MiDisp button input or simply short those 2 pads temporarily with a piece of wire The pads to connect MiDisp button are located at the back of it and are clearly indicated More general guidelines about entering commands can be found in chapter 5 Possible controls are 7 8 1 Toggle mode 908 In toggle mode the module works like bistable SPDT switch If a button is momentarily pressed the display shows ON and turns white Appropriate MIDI message is sent via MIDI128 s MIDI OU
9. may be global transposition channel shift or simply any Continuous Controller The encoder used must have no detents or 2 detents per pulse If 1 detent per pulse is used every step of the encoder will result in 2 MIDI messages crossing 2 steps The encoder must be soldered to 3 empty pads by the side of 4 way scanner connector Pinout is the same as in encoder itself with common lead at the middle and pulse inputs at the sides 27
10. note on is generated this is more suitable for use with Program Change 3 contact on off mode where button action is recognized as typical contact scanner BBS So all kinds of MIDI events applicable to a keyboard are also possible here giving predictive results 4 CC value mode where LITSW works like potentiometer scanner but with only min and max values The advantage of this mode is that you can assign totally different MIDI channel and event to each button 5 bank select useful for preset selectors In this mode LITSW must be split in 2 parts One is serving as bank select the other one as program select If the split is made on 10th key lower split is representing units of given Program number and the upper one tens of this number Of course it makes more sense when MIDI event 129 is assigned to that LITSW that s 22 Program Change It is possible to select more than one mode at once although not always it makes sense For example modes 1 2 as well as 3 4 are mutually exclusive but you can set for example modes 1 3 and 5 together The mode of operation can be assigned to all buttons or differently to each of the 2 splits if it was divided chapter 7 6 1 Zeeeesece 6 eeeecesels eeeceees Ji LED buttons 1 8 ete ga E os 5 J2 LED buttons 9 16 3 _ 33 LED buttons 17 24 J4 connector to MIDI128 The pins of each LED button connector are interlaced for easier installation Odd pins are LED outputs and
11. D B D B P A Each black connector holds 16 inputs for keyboard 2 46 810121416 switches The pin numbering within one connector is BESSRH RA shown here Notice orientation of the keying slot This pinout is valid for every 16 pin connector in every board 7 4 BBS 1K common ground keyboard scanner This board is mainly used as a scanner of 5 octave keyboard It has 64 contact inputs and daisy chain input so you can use 2 such boards connected to 1 MIDI128 input For example you can use 4 BBS 1K boards but only 2 BBSP All 4 connectors for ribbon cable and the pinout are the same as used in BBSP see above Each black connector covers 16 keys BBS 1K must be connected towards the MIDI128 with 4 way connector OKETA CONTATE indicated OUT The connector ae eS marked IN is for the purpose of P ceseceeeees nannannnnn m adding next optional scanner There Elfe J1 1 16 J3 33 48 Z can be only 2 keys scanners BBS 1K a BBSP DMS 2K PDS BBS24 LITSW Blan ua palaun n we in one chain sesceeeees nunnnunnnn If third keyboard scanner is chained TO KEYBOARD CONTACTS it will work like paralleled inputs of 2nd keyboard in the chain 7 5 BBS24 contacts amp pots little scanner This one is especially suited for the bass chord part of MIDI accordions It works with 24 switches and 3 analog sources like pots or voltages e g from pressure 21 sensor If split is set in the middle
12. T Another button press and display turns blue showing OFF and another MIDI message is sent You can assign completely different MIDI events and channels for ON state and OFF state like described in chapters 5 2 and 5 3 Both states work like potentiometer action but the value is always the same determined by device ID see 7 8 3 for details 7 8 2 Momentary mode 909 In momentary mode it works like a keyboard contact It is useful if you want to connect mechanical toggle switch Apart from momentary action all other functionality is exactly like in toggle mode ON state generates different event than OFF state and can be programmed 26 7 8 3 Device ID set 911 Each MiDisp in the system has individually set parameter called Device ID Currently it is used only as value for on off events of the button connected to MiDisp To change device ID you have to select the display by pressing its button first Then enter command 911 and the display will show current device ID waiting for new digits Possible values are from 00 to 99 This parameter is associated with the display itself and does change when you replace the module to another MIDI128 input or another position in a chain 7 8 4 Device ID show 920 You can check device ID of all MiDisp modules in the system at once by entering command 920 Then all displays connected to MIDI128 will show their current device ID 7 8 5 Display blink 918 This is si
13. There are 8 pot inputs available in MIDI128 and that number can be expanded with use of proper expanders like POT12 PDS BBS24 or BBSP All analog inputs in the system can be used as continuous controllers for things like volume modulation etc as well as other special functions not directly represented in MIDI activity Usually those inputs would be connected to potentiometers but it s possible to use them as analog inputs with range of 0 5V Applying voltage of OV causes generation of CC with lowest value while 5V makes highest possible value of assigned MIDI parameter Each input in the system has separately assigned MIDI event and channel This assignment can be easily changed by the user with use of special programing keypad or lowest 10 keys of any connected keyboard Every potentiometer scanner is described in chapter 7 with connection schematics Below is schematic for MIDI128 s internal pot connector together with connector pinout 2 4 6 8 10 K KA X e a E t s 5 7 9 All potentiometers must be linear taper not audio in range 10 50k preferably 20k Additional potentiometers may be connected with use of pot capable scanners POT12 PDS BBS24 or BBSP If there are 2 or more potentiometer scanners in the system they must be chained e g if POT12 is connected to one of MIDI128 s scanner inputs any other ones must be connected to this POT12 board etc If you use both inputs of MIDI128 to connect POT boards the
14. USER MANUAL for MIDI128 firmware version 3 0 www midi hardware com Roman Sowa 2011 Table of contents DOVES osa na E E E E E yadda 3 2 Connections amp Power SupplyY ssssssssssssssrssrsnsrrsnrrnsnrnnnnrnnrnnrnnnnnnnnrnnrnnnnnnennnnn 4 S Ga 9 072 6 ee eee nee E E a eee E eee ere 4 4 Potentiometers amp Control VoltageS ssssssssssssrsnsrrnsrrrnnnrnrnrnnrrerrnenrnsrennranenns 5 4 1 A log inputs update fateri anean suai aaea aia A EEE 6 4 2 Bitwise resolution of analog iMPUtS cccccssseceecssseeeesesserenssseeesseseessaeresseensseeeas 7 5 MIDI settings and special functionS sssssssssssrsssrrssrrnsrrrnrrnnrrnnnnnnnnerrnnnnrennnnn 8 5 1 Transposition starting NOte ci een eeeenaneeaenaeeenanees 8 5 2 MIDI event assignment for keyboards and analog inputs 10 5 9 MID ae bis a cienctncineitese cancatinacatasn sat E E E a a 15 5 4 Pro ram Change siinne sinine inkankan aana aaaea aa aa Aaa aaa aaa aai 16 5 5 Keyboard SOU iacscsictnsesiclssscuniadatecnvetmnstsuvanstddanasicionetsdarsidedansndind aniaarteauiumsareaencees 16 5 6 Programming Patch Recall BUROMNS yc iciscaccecesaesvondivavenened enduwavaveadbevertey comevaveninnseeude 17 6 UtIlIES eerren ae eso E E E EE 18 6 1 MIDI MONTON isiis sx scnstaleiletedtinavevisda nian eiaeia NEEE NEEE ETENE 18 6 2 Fact ry defa ltS isesend E E E Aa EENE 18 FOE AUIS S ea aa a E E E EE 19 7 1 PDS diode matrix pedal scanner ssssesssssssrsssrsrs
15. al buttons But with addition of external scanners it may grow considerably There are 2 scanner inputs Each of them can take up to 128 keys if keyboard scanner is connected or up to 64 potentiometers if pot scanner is used Up to 6 keyboard can be connected this way but only one input at a time can work with a chain of potentiometer scanners It is possible to combine keyboard and potentiometer scanners on one input thus 384 keys and 72 pots can be used in total Features 2 inputs for 8x8 diode matrix keyboards 8 inputs for potentiometers or external voltage 8 control inputs for special function buttons 2 scanner inputs for additional keyboards and potentiometers user defined split for every keyboard independent transposition for all keyboards splits user defined MIDI channel for each keyboard split and pot user defined MIDI event for each pot and keyboard split MIDI Program Change from keyboard by entering patch number up to 999 all settings remain after disconnecting power DC power supply 5 5V 12V DC power supply ist keyboard MIDI OUT control rag iya in uts mi yp P a4 uss SE TEESE Aaaa iae analog ETET W inputs 2nd keyboard scanner inputs 2 Connections amp Power Supply Recommended power supply range is between 5 5 and 12V DC It is possible to run this board from lower voltage but its operation is not guaranteed then Current consumption depends on the number of attached scanners and varies fro
16. ard and enter the sequence 4 lt program number gt The Bank Select and Program Change MIDI messages are sent directly after 3rd digit of entered patch number You must type 3 digits every time even for single digit program like 001 5 5 Keyboard split It is possible to split each keyboard into 2 independent parts The split point can be anywhere in the keyboard and both parts can work with independently adjusted MIDI channel type of event and starting note transposition or range of other controllers if something else than notes is assigned to a keyboard Assuming that both inputs of MIDI128 are equipped with DMS 2K dual keyboard scanner it is possible to make a system with 12 splits To set up the split point you have to select the keyboard by playing a note on it and then enter sequence 5 followed by stroke of the key that you want to be the top one of the lower part Since then lower part remains at the same channel that was used for whole keyboard while upper part takes settings of upper part which by default is 6 MIDI channels higher To change MIDI channel type of event transposition or send a Program Change for split part follow directions described before regarding non split keyboard but now changes are made only to the split last played prior entering the edit mode To cancel existing split of a keyboard as usual play any note on that keyboard and set the split for the top note like this 5 lt top note gt
17. ble for small keyboards or pedals with single wire used as common bus for all switches in entire keyboard This one does not use diode matrix and can be used with almost any type of switch arrangement it can also be controlled by logic gates Apart from contacts it also has 3 analog inputs for potentiometers that can be used in swell crescendo pedals Keyboard is connected to 2 16 pin connectors J1 and J2 20 LEIN CECE EERE EE I ol of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of of ol o ST t Zt T j q OT i hath Q tt N Q II k ko k Fo ka F HIGHEST KEY Y Y Y shown below Each of them covers 16 keys Potentiometers connect to 5 pin header at the right hand side of the board according to the diagram below See chapter 4 for more info on potentiometers usage The key contacts must use one common buss bar with GND or logic IC may control BBSP inputs OV at an input means key pressed 5V at input or left open means key released Keyboard should be connected to two 16 pin headers according to the diagram below Works best with 2 IDC plugs and 16 wire ribbon cable ordered separately Ji J2 S a cs O a a a a ia iia ika iea es a oa T S a e ia iia ia iia it SP FS
18. buttons events 156 amp 157 and 1 octave buttons events 158 amp 159 But there are 2 main differences Here transposition is set at once for ALL keyboards in the system regardless of what was played last and this setting is applicable only as long as the power is on After power cycle transposition returns to initial settings as adjusted by other means This way of transposing is recommended for performance control where you may want to frequently shift all keyboards Go to chapter 5 1 2 for more details 5 2 27 Reversed notes action 2161 If keyboard s contacts are normally closed and open only when key is pressed you may take advantage of this mode If keyboard is assigned to reversed action MIDI note on is sent when contact opens and note off when contact closes There is no need to short any unused inputs of keyboard scanner 5 3 MIDI Channel Channel of each potentiometer and keyboard or split can be set individually To change MIDI channel of certain potentiometer select the pot by simply turning it a bit Likewise to select a contact scanner play any note or flip any switch whatever is connected Then you can select MIDI channel with the following sequence 3 lt channel number gt The channel number must be in range 1 16 Channels from 2 to 9 require only 1 key stroke while channel 1 needs to be entered as 2 digits namely 01 Channel 10 and above of course need 2 keystrokes too Then turn another potentio
19. canners First 16 keys work like MIDI channel selector for all controllers After one of the keys is hit notes played on all keyboards are played in altered channel Individual channel settings for every keyboard and potentiometer described in chapter 5 3 work together with this setting For example if one keyboard was set to channel 3 and you change the channel using this feature to 4 by hitting 5th key resulting channel is 7 3 4 11 If all controllers are set to channel 1 then all 16 keys assigned to this feature are direct channel selectors from 1 to 16 To use pot you should first reduce its resolution to 4 bits chapter 4 2 After using controls assigned this way actual channel change is displayed in MiDisp module if such is connected 5 2 11 Small Transposer 2137 Select the pot to be edited enter 2 137 Turning such pot will shift all notes played on ALL connected keyboard scanners by number of semitones determined by pot position In the middle it gives no shift and full rotation covers range from 4 to 4 semitones It s most useful when pot is replaced by 9 position switch with 8 resistors of equal value connected between switch leads Assigning this to a keyboard is also possible but you cannot reach full range of transposition then After using controls assigned this way actual transposition is displayed in MiDisp module if such is connected 5 2 12 Big Transposer 2138 Turning such pot will shift all not
20. d Common Functions like general cancel tutti etc It works very much like mode 143 described in chapter 5 2 17 When a key is pressed MIDI controller 71 47 hex is sent with value 64 127 and when it is released the same MIDI controller but with value lower by 64 5 2 21 3 note chord collect 2147 This mode of operation is used only for keyboard scanners You must play at least 3 notes at once to see any MIDI activity When 3 notes are pressed whole 3 note chord is immediately sent This assures that the chord is played clean and it s not spread in time All additional notes 4th 5th etc are played in MIDI right after they are detected This is especially usable in chord section of MIDI accordions where mechanically coupled switches do not always close in the same time 5 2 22 Dual note layered sound 2148 If assigned to a keyboard every note played will be doubled in MIDI as 2 notes played in user selected channels and music interval The settings of channel and starting note of doubled layered channel are the same as used for upper split So in order to change defaults you should first set the split at any point of the keyboard 5 and any key then set the channel of upper split any key in upper split 3 and channel number and optionally change starting note of upper split as described in chapter 5 1 When finished cancel the split by setting its position to the top key Go to chapter 5 5 for details on split usage
21. es played on all connected keyboard scanners by number of semitones determined by pot position In the middle it gives no shift and full rotation covers range from 8 to 8 semitones Assigning this to a keyboard is also possible but you cannot reach full range of transposition then After using controls assigned this way actual transposition is displayed in MiDisp module if such is connected 5 2 13 Velocity 2139 Position of this pot will then determine velocity parameter of all MIDI notes played If assigned to a keyboard each key will set velocity of all notes in 1 128 steps across the keyboard There can be only one such potentiometer for entire MIDI system and its settings affect all notes played on all keyboards in all channels It s not intended for initialisation setup during installation but rather as a way of performance expression during play To set the velocity once and always use chosen value even after power cycle use parameter 2149 chapter 5 2 23 It works exactly like the one described here but additionally it remembers last position in nonvolatile memory so it will use the same value after next power up 5 2 14 Native Instruments B4 chorus vibrato 2140 Turning this pot will be reflected in B4 as chorus vibrato switch move It has only 6 positions and appropriate command will be sent from MIDI128 to B4 every time the potentiometer crosses each threshold representing another vibrato chorus mode The circuit
22. even pins are button inputs in the following manner pin 1 LED 1 pin 2 button 1 pin 3 LED 2 pin 4 button 2 etc This is shown in the schematic on the left Each 16 pin connector layout is the same Out of the box it generates note on and note off messages with momentary buttons and LEDs independent mode most useful as register control in organ emulator But it can be converted into a few variations finding its way toward other non typical uses Possible controls are 7 6 1 Split point 905 This is different kind of split than the one described in chapter 5 5 and is independent of that one So you can use both kinds of split at one time and they can be at different points even though it may not make much sense The 905 split controls only button s behavior and not actual MIDI data transmitted by MIDI128 to MIDI OUT socket Each split can work in different mode with independent or dependent buttons generating CC values or contact on offs To have different MIDI events or channels in the splits you have to also split it logically using procedure described in 5 5 7 6 2 Independent mode 908 In independent mode all buttons work without interactions to each other If a button is pressed associated LED lights and note on is sent by MIDI128 only if it is configured to send notes on this input sequence 2131 Another touch of this button and LED turns off and note off is sent To set this mode on a split you ha
23. first before making change For example if you want to change MIDI channel of certain potentiometer move it enough to generate some action see 4 2 and go into MIDI channel settings mode Or to change the split point first play any note on the keyboard to be split and enter split point change mode In this chapter describing how to set all parameters whenever sign is mentioned it means the EDIT key connected to 2 pins shown in the layout section or the key on numeric keypad if one is present in the system Numeric entries are provided with the assumption that the KEYPAD is used but the same can be achieved with lowest 10 keys of any keyboard connected to MIDI128 It helps to add a sticker over those keys with numbers from 0 to 9 if only musical keyboard is used If you also have dedicated LCD module MiDisp all settings activity is clearly visible after each digit It s much easier to follow what stage of programming you are in when short prompts are displayed according to your selection 5 1 Transposition starting note Transposition of keyboards connected to MIDI128 is unlimited that means any key can generate any note from full MIDI range of more than 10 octaves Each keyboard or actually each split in every keyboard scanner as well as onboard interface can be individually set Change is always performed for the last controller that was used prior entering transposition edit mode There are three ways of s
24. global transpose 1 semitone 24680 global transpose 1 semitone 3 oggg 2 3 4 5 global transpose 1 octave 6 global transpose 1 octave 7 channel setup 1 for last played device 8 channel setup 1 for last played device 9 MIDI Control Change 10 EDIT button MIDI128 enters EDIT mode when shorted do GND 3 Keyboards Keyboard switches may be connected to 2 onboard keyboard interfaces or to keyboard scanner There are several scanners available for 32 64 128 keys with switches organized in 8x8 matrix and single rod bus bar All are described in chapter 7 Type of the scanner is determined by keyboard size and the way how switches are organized Connection between keyboard scanner and MIDI128 is always the same regardless of the type of scanner MIDI settings of those 4 keyboards can be changed by the user after all connections are in place Onboard keyboard interfaces and external 8x8 scanner driver can be used if the keyboard has scanning diode matrix that s very simple circuit made of diodes forming electric XY array of 8 rows and 8 columns Usually all modern keyboards are equipped with it In fact it is integral part of the contacts board found beneath the keys Those kind of keyboards can work directly with MIDI128 and DMS 2K scanner Older keyboards and especially those used in old analog organs usually don t have such a thing so in order to use 8x8 scanner you must build diode matrix yourself assuming it
25. ingle keyboard transpose and one for global transposition If MiDisp module is available transposition is displayed after each change 5 1 1 Middle C select This one is usable when you want to quickly align your keyboard with actual MIDI 8 notes First you select the keyboard to edit by playing any note in it Enter followed by 1 on the keypad or EDIT pin and lowest contact in any keyboard scanner Now whatever key you press it will be the new position of the middle C MIDI note afterwards MIDI note number 36 You can select new position of middle C note anywhere between 3rd and top key of the keyboard 5 1 2 Transpose buttons Second option is to use transposition buttons There can be 4 of them two for semitone steps up down and two for octave steps up down Such buttons can be assigned as special events for potentiometer inputs or control inputs The event numbers for this feature are one semitone up 150 one semitone down 151 one octave up 152 one octave down 153 Pressing such button shorting input to ground will affect the last played keyboard and this setting will be memorized in non volatile memory Here you don t have to enter entire command every time instead setting is accessible with single button stroke Go to chapter 5 2 for details on how to assign events to inputs 5 1 3 Transpose command Third option uses lowest 2 keys of the keyboard or numbers 0 and 1 of the key
26. is possible to separate the contacts into groups of 8 keys There are also scanners especially designed for keyboards without diodes where all keys share only one common bus this is typical keyboard arrangement in all old organ consoles Below is a short table showing which board type can be used with different keyboards Keyboard type MIDI128 BBS or DMS a e Independent switches no connections Switches organized in 8x8 diode matrix Switches organized in 6x12 and other One common rail for all switches e can be used directly with additional diodes requires rewiring of existing contacts MIDI128 by default works with the same diode matrix as DMS 2K Go to chapter 7 2 to see schematics of such matrix This is not the only way how diode matrix can be made There at least 4 variations possible After connecting keyboard to MIDI128 you may experience strange order of notes if your matrix is different from default one To change this you can switch to different matrix mode by using commands 921 to 924 To change order of notes play any note in the keyboard connected to MIDI128 directly not to any scanner enter EDIT mode by shorting 10th pin of control inputs to GND and using any other keyboard with correct order of notes press notes in sequence A D and one of the keys from C to E assuming this keyboard starts with C This is also described in more detail in chapter 7 2 4 Potentiometers amp Control Voltages
27. m 1 5mA MIDI128 alone to over 100mA Typical board set requires below 10mA making it suitable for battery operation This figure doesn t include the load caused by potentiometers if they are used with appropriate scanners With the LCD module it draws more current about 15mA per display The board comes with screw terminals for power Make sure to use proper polarity of power supply Connecting power in reverse will not cause any damage but of course it will only work with proper power polarity Larger 16 way connectors are for the keyboards 2 smaller 10 way connectors hold inputs for control buttons upper one and 8 potentiometers lower The control inputs can be assigned in the same way as any potentiometer input with individual MIDI event and channel Whatever is assigned those inputs can only generate min 0 and max 127 values of given MIDI parameter This is most usable for switch pedals like sustain etc They can also be assigned to other functions like transposition buttons The last 10 input in this connector is used as entry to all settings of the board described in chapter 5 It must be left open if you do not want to change any default settings You don t need that input also if programing KEYPAD is connected Default configuration of control inputs is described below with connector layout at the right All function except pin 10 can be changed by the user 1 no connect GND common point for control buttons
28. meter or strike a key in other keyboard and select its channel the same way Channel can be also set by buttons if you assign any 2 potentiometer or special switch inputs in the system to proper events They become then 2 inputs for buttons that change channel in steps one up or down for last used device in the system like keyboard or potentiometer Go to chapter 5 2 25 for details There s also temporary channel shift control for all devices keyboards and pots available if you assign event 136 for example to a small contact scanner like BBS24 This way you can have direct inputs for selecting MIDI channel with single key stroke Go to chapter 5 2 10 for details 15 5 4 Program Change MIDI128 allows to send Program Change MIDI messages in range 1 128 Several ways are available here s summary of them series of Program Change buttons in continuous numbering range using event 129 described in chapter 5 2 3 same as above but with each input programmable to a specific number using event 134 described in 5 2 8 rotary switches for Bank and Program select described in chapters 5 2 18 19 It is also possible to select numbers greater than 128 with help of Bank Select MSB message This is exactly how patch select works in mode described here To select any patch number from range 1 999 you can use 4 command followed by the patch number To change the patch on selected keyboard directly to specific number play a note on this keybo
29. mply to make the MiDisp blink for a while If you have chain of displays they will blink in a sequence determined by their position in the chain 7 9 KEYPAD 12 button numeric entry Small keypad resembling the ones used in phone sets contains all you need for changing every setting available for MIDI128 When MIDI128 is not in edit mode buttons 0 9 work exactly like any music keyboard playing notes if default setting was not changed Button works like pin 10 in control connector onboard MIDI128 It turns the board into EDIT mode If MiDisp module is connected it is clearly indicated there To quit from EDIT mode without changing anything if for example was pressed by mistake simply enter 0 There s no command starting with 0 so it immediately returns to normal playing mode The KEYPAD as setup entry does not have to follow the rule of only 2 keyboards in a chain It may be connected at the end of 2 BBS 1K chain and it will work correctly The channel event and starting note of the KEYPAD will be the same as 2nd BBS 1K in the chain but this in any way des not disturb the KEYPAD in correct function as setup keypad The electronic board mounted at the back of the keypad since version 7 0 allows to connect one rotary encoder called sometimes endless potentiometer It is treated like any other POT input meaning it can be assigned to any possible event Most obvious use for example is Program Change knob event 129 but it
30. n 2 and then appropriate number from the list that follows You need to enter 2 or 3 digits for each input controller depending on entered number To assign another one again you must turn the pot it a bit or play the key on another split and then start from 2 sequence followed by event type number Possible MIDI event codes are from 000 to 161 Standard setting for a keyboard is 2 131 single notes and for analog input it s Continuous Controller 2 nnn where nnn is number from 1 up This is factory default If a keyboard is assigned to note on off event 131 or 161 only starting note by default is MIDI number 36 the same as most MIDI keyboards use Any other event sends MIDI values starting from 0 at lowest contact If for example keyboard is assigned to After Touch event the lowest contact will send MIDI After Touch with value 0 next value 1 and so on The starting point can be adjusted with transposition setting chapter 5 1 so the first contact can actually take any possible value 5 2 1 Control Change 2 CC Any MIDI Control Change number where CC is number in range from 000 up to 127 5 2 2 Pitch Bend 2128 The pot will work then like typical pitch bender with 7 bit resolution 128 steps If assigned to a keyboard each key will set pitch bender in 1 128 steps across the keyboard 5 2 3 Program Change 2129 If assigned to a keyboard pressing each key will generate MIDI Program Change mes
31. on the right shows proper B4 connection oe o x oO ao H gt 12 5 2 15 MidiTzer stops control 2141 When assigned to a keyboard each key becomes specific stop controller When a key is pressed MIDI controller 81 51 hex is sent and when it is released MIDI controller 80 50 hex Value of the controller is determined by the button pressed This is default way of controlling stops in MidiTzer organ software 5 2 16 Ahlborn Archive module stops control 2142 If assigned to a keyboard each key becomes stop control in Ahlborn Archive organ sound module When a key is pressed MIDI controller 73 49 hex is sent when released MIDI controller 74 4A hex Value of the controller is determined by the button pressed This is default way of controlling stops in Ahlborn Archive module 5 2 17 Ahlborn Organs stops control 2143 When assigned to a keyboard each key becomes specific stop controller in Ahlborn Organs When a key is pressed MIDI controller 70 46 hex is sent with bit 6 of the value set and when it is released the same MIDI controller but with bit 6 of the value cleared Other bits of the value are determined by the button pressed In another words pressing the button sends CC 70 with value range 0 63 and releasing a button CC 70 with value range 64 127 This is default way of controlling stops in Ahlborn Organs 5 2 18 Program selector 2144 Together with another pot configured as in 5 2 19
32. pad It doesn t matter if keyboard starts with key C or F or whatever those are always two lowest keys The lowest one shifts the keyboard one semitone down with each sequence 10 the 2nd key shifts the keyboard one semitone up 11 This is useful if you want to slightly change the transposition once and there s no need for easy accessible buttons 5 1 4 Global Transpose Apart from methods just described which are mostly used during initial setup there s different kind of transposing more suitable for live playing This is actually default setting for first 4 pins in control inputs connector Global transpose affects ALL keyboards in the system with the same number of semitones shift from default position This one is not memorized in nonvolatile memory After power cycle all keyboards return to initial state To access this way of transposing you can assign special functions to any POT inputs or control inputs Available are 1 semitone and octave steps The event numbers for this feature are one semitone up 156 one semitone down 157 one octave up 158 one octave down 159 Go to chapter 5 2 for details on how to assign events to inputs 5 2 MIDI event assignment for keyboards and analog inputs MIDI event assigned to given potentiometer or keyboard split can be easily changed To perform this turn the knob or play a key on the split you want to assign and then select the controller type by entering keys the
33. pe this sequence on a keypad LITSW will blink all LEDs in upper split 24 of LITSW This can be used to determine where the split point is and where are the LEDs connected 7 6 10 All LEDs blink 918 When you type this sequence on a keypad whole LITSW will blink all LEDs This can be used to see if every LED is connected properly and where they are located 7 6 11 Reset to defaults 929 If your LITSW has been set with a strange combination of modes it may be useful to return to the state where it was as it came out of the box To do so press any of the LITSW buttons and enter command 929 LITSW then returns to factory defaults which is independent mode no split and keyboard scanner mode This is confirmed with short blink of all LEDs Available since LITSW version 2 8 7 7 POT12 potentiometer scanner POT12 adds 12 analog inputs potentiometers or OUT IN voltages to MIDI system built around MIDI128 It has feee sees one 14 pin black connectors for potentiometers and 2 small 4 pin sockets typical for all scanner boards eae cae described here The one indicated OUT is used to Oo connect the to the MIDI128 The other one can be used POT INPUTS to connect another scanner be it keyboard or another POT board If you reverse connections between those 2 sockets the board will not work and potentiometer movement will not result in any MIDI activity However this does not cause any damage to the POT12 board
34. s In first method enter command 979 either from the keypad if you have one or from any contact scanner using lowest 10 keys as numbers from 0 to 9 in a way described in chapter 5 About one second later MIDI128 is ready to use with all factory settings in place If MiDisp module is used this process is clearly indicated at the display The other method can be used if you don t have the setup KEYPAD or order of the keys was lost and there s no way to check it hence no possibility to enter any command First switch the power supply off Then short pins 3 4 5 and 6 of control inputs see layout in page 3 to GND pin 2 of the same connector This is like simultaneously pressing first 4 special buttons With those pins shorted to ground or 4 buttons pressed turn the power on Again after about 1 second the board is ready to use with all channels events and starting notes like they were when you first opened the box 18 7 Scanners MIDI128 board is the merging point for all keyboard and potentiometer scanners Depending on their sizes the whole system can cover up to 6 keyboards with 384 over single MIDI socket together with 72 potentiometers at the same time Currently available sizes are 32 64 and 128 keys the last one has the 128 keys grouped in 2 keyboards For analog pots there are boards with 12 inputs 7 1 PDS diode matrix pedal scanner Pedal board controller takes care of 32 keys and two analog inputs usually all
35. s or order customized DMS 2K 19 Ji connector of 1st group of keys 1 to 64 J2 connector of 2nd group of keys 65 to 128 J3 connector linking this board to J2 the main board J3 eoooe Each 16 way connector covers one keyboard Schematic on the right shows example of diode matrix compatible with DMS 2K board Although this is default matrix layout DMS 2K can be reconfigured by the user to work with 4 different diode matrix types It must be 8x8 but can have different order of notes The only requirement is that cathodes are connected to odd pins of DMS 2K connector and anodes to even pins Either directly or via key switch If after the keyboard is connected the order of keys is not correct you can try one of the 4 modes of DMS 2K operation in the following way 1 play any note on a keyboard connected to DMS 2K 2 enter EDIT mode either by shorting EDIT input to GND on MIDI128 board or by pressing keypad button 3 enter 92 from numeric keypad or any other well known working keyboard scanner 4 enter one digit from range 1 4 the same way as you just entered 92 Each digit turns the scanner into different one of 4 modes of how notes are ordered 5 play the DMS 2K keyboard to check if it is OK now If not start from the beginning but now select different digit from range 1 4 in step 4 7 3 BBSP common ground pedals scanner This one is especially suita
36. sage with different patch number This is useful for organ emulators where bank of Program Change buttons can be used to work as pistons combinations Although this is rather unusual usage for a potentiometer it will generate MIDI Program Change messages with its every move Program Change can be also generated from the keypad by using sequence 4 lt number gt this is described later 5 2 4 Channel After Touch 2130 Turning such pot will cause Channel After Touch messages to be sent out If assigned to a keyboard each key will set After Touch in 1 128 steps across the keyboard 10 5 2 5 Standard keyboard action single notes 2131 Whenever MIDI event 131 is assigned to a keyboard it works as typical MIDI keyboard playing MIDI notes It is also possible to generate a burst of glissando notes when this event is assigned to a pot Select the pot to be edited enter 2 131 This knob becomes then a note generator resembling quantized Theremin spitting series of notes with every pot move There s only one note played at a time with velocity set like described later and it is released just before new note is about to play Whole knob slow rotation plays 128 notes from entire MIDI range 5 2 6 Note on only 2132 This mode is somehow similar to the action described just before but only note on messages are generated that means whenever you move this pot new notes will be played and they will stay on forever
37. senrnnennresensrnsannonernmmannneennnsne 19 7 2 DMS 2K dual keyboard matrix SCanner sssssssssssssssrrreesrrrenrnnrenrnrrnnrrnnennnnnnrnnnnnna 19 7 3 BBSP common ground pedals SCANNEL 0sscsesssssesessesesessesarsesssseesnenssaeeesoseeeas 20 7 4 BBS 1K common ground keyboard SCAanner ssssssssssssrsssrrresrrnnesrnesrrnnrrnrreennnnne 21 7 5 BBS24 contacts amp pots little SCANMEN csecccssssecessessesesssserensaseeesssaseressonemenes 21 7 6 LITSW button scanner with LED rivers cssccccsssersssssseeesssssesesssseteseessseeees 22 7 7 POTLZ potentiomet r StanNE iwressseunreiii iaaa ENNEK aA 25 7 8 MiDisp 2x16 characters display s ssssssssssssssssrrsnnsrrsnnrnrrsnrnnnnnnrnnnnnrnnnnnnnnnnnnma 26 7 9 KEYPAD 12 button numeric entry sssssssssssssssrrsersrrsnesnrrnntnrrsnnrrnntunrnnnnnnreennne 27 MIDI controller boards described here are products of MIDI hardware Roman Sowa ul Azotowa 15B 41 503 Chorz w Poland phone 48 32 7633 931 email info midi hardware com www midi hardware com www midimplant com 2011 Roman Sowa made in Poland EU manual edition 3 1 Overview This manual describes MIDI master board called MIDI128 as well as all compatible scanners The board described here is small standalone controller for medium size consoles with multiple keyboards and various additional functions By itself it can only work with 2 diode matrix keyboards 8 potentiometers and 8 speci
38. this mode allows to select one of 120 available MIDI Program Changes presets by use of 2 rotary switches Program selector selects one of 12 Programs within a bank For better feel you should rather use 12 position rotary switch To do so use the following schematics to build appropriate resistor network around the switch PRESET 5 2 19 Bank selector eno OUT 2145 This mode works in combination with the one described in 5 2 18 A potentiometer or switch assigned to this mode selects banks of 12 Programs E g if it is in lowest position you can select any of Program numbers from range 1 12 using Program selector described before If you change the bank one position higher Program selector will then select programs from range 13 24 and so on up until program number 120 To use 10 position rotary switch instead of potentiometer you must add appropriate resistor network around the switch leads as shown in schematics above Bank selector and Program selector are useful only if you really want to select 13 programs by rotary switches for example to match MIDI controller behavior to NI B4 Hammond emulator where bank selector works exactly like that In typical case you d probably use different way of selecting programs like 4 lt number gt described in chapter 5 4 5 2 20 Ahlborn Common Functions 2146 When assigned to a keyboard the buttons act in a way usable for group of controls in Ahlborn module calle
39. unless proper note off message will be issued by another means 5 2 7 Note off only 2133 This is like note on mode described before but instead it sends out only note off messages Both modes can be used if you want separate inputs for note on and note off like for example in dual contact stop tabs in organs If assigned to a keyboard it will send only note offs so it may be used to quiet some notes played earlier 5 2 8 One touch Patch Recall 2134 Keyboard in this mode serves as an array of Program Change user memory buttons Each key recalls Program Change or in another words selects a patch preset that was earlier programmed There s 64 memory locations so you can use one full 64 key scanner For example you can program key 1 to send Program Change 37 key 2 as PC 76 key 3 as PC 20 etc All buttons work in one channel selected with 3 command as described in chapter 5 3 Assigning Program Change numbers to a specific key is described later in chapter 5 6 Programming Patch Recall Buttons 5 2 9 CC keyboard 2135 This feature can be used only with keyboard In this mode you can use keyboard as toggle switches selecting min max values in a subset of CCs All keys have increasing MIDI Continuous Controller assigned Pressed key sends CC with max value 127 while key release generates the same CC but with minimum value 0 5 2 10 MIDI channel shift for all controls 2136 This is mostly usable with contact s
40. uration event channel resolution it must first make some action and when you have only so little levels it takes much more rotation to cross next valid level and indicate to MIDI128 board hi I m the last used pot any setting changes apply to me now 5 MIDI settings and special functions All settings are accessible from any keyboard connected to MIDI128 directly or via any type of contacts scanner To change any setting last special input on MIDI128 should be connected to momentary non latching switch This is the entry to EDIT mode and allows changing all settings of entire set Detailed procedures for all settings are described later in this chapter To make the settings more ergonomic and easier there s optional numeric keypad available looking just like phone keypad It is connected the same way as any keyboard scanner with 4 wire cable and works like actual keyboard meaning it is possible to play notes with it when not in EDIT mode But the advantage is the key which duplicates the EDIT button connected to on board 2 pin header To change any settings in EDIT mode you must enter new value of given parameter To do so use lowest 10 keys of the keyboard as numeric entry Lowest key is digit 0 while 10 key is digit 9 note A if keyboard starts with C This becomes obvious with mentioned numeric keypad As a general rule any change to a controller keyboard or potentiometer requires selecting this controller
41. uts Most of MIDI parameters have 128 possible levels determined by 7 bit nature of MIDI standard In some cases it may be useful to reduce the number of possible levels or in another words number of information bits For example if you want to use MIDI channel rotary selector described in chapter 5 2 10 it s better to reduce resolution to 4 bits and have only 16 levels in full pot rotation In some software synthesizers you can select parameters using only a fraction of the full CC range And in organ emulators it s also sometimes desirable to have only a few steps in full pedal travel if it s used e g for crescendo Bit resolution is user adjustable in a similar way as update rate described above by using command 96x where x is desired bit resolution For example 967 makes the pot input 7 bits wide 128 levels this is default mode of operation For example 963 sets it to 3 bit resolution allowing for only 8 levels and 8 possible MIDI messages sent per full pot rotation It s adjustable per single input so you can set every analog input in the system individually To change resolution of the input turn the potentiometer connected to that input and then enter 96 from the keypad followed by number of bits you want for that input If this potentiometer was previously set to very low resolution like 1 or 2 bits you have to turn the pot almost full rotation to select it for EDIT operations To start any pot for any kind of config
42. ve to select it first by pressing one of the buttons in that split 7 6 3 Dependent mode 909 In dependent mode there can be only one LED active at a time If you press another button it will light up and any one that was previously lit will now turn off 23 In this mode only note on messages are generated there is no note off This is most useful for selecting presets on MIDI instrument like described in chapters 5 2 3 and 5 2 8 To set this mode on a split you have to select it first by pressing one of the buttons in that split 7 6 4 Bank preset select 910 This mode requires prior split of the LITSW keypad sequence 905 described in chapter 7 5 1 If you then type 910 on the keypad LITSW board will work as patch selector with separate row of banks buttons and presets buttons If the split is made after 10 keys lowest 10 buttons will act like preset selector within a bank and all buttons above 10 as bank selectors Although it is possible to use this mode with independent buttons described in 7 5 2 most obvious use is together with dependent butons mode described in 7 5 3 To use it as Program Change selector you should program appropriate MIDI event on this input which for Program Change is 2129 The split point doesn t have to be after 10 buttons It can be e g after 6 buttons Then first bank will select patches from 1 to 6 second bank from 7 to 12 etc 7 6 5 Disable bank select mode 911 To disable
43. what s needed for pedals with 2 swell shoes It s a small board that fits inside pedal board and it connects to the main board via supplied 4 wire cable from J2 connector 4 pads labeled in this picture as J3 are for potentiometers The picture shows how to connect the pots and also in which pot position you get the maximum or minimum value of given MIDI parameter controlled by the pot Go to chapter 4 for more about potentiometer connection Keys must be connected in diode matrix exactly like in the schematics below Ghai LAARALLE mannan Low keys High keys The groups of 8 switches with 1 common lead must be separate In case of keyboard with 1 common bus bar going through entire keyboard you have to cut the bar every 8th key 7 2 DMS 2K dual keyboard matrix scanner For keyboards with diode matrix ideal solution is DMS 2K adding 128 inputs This can be described as diode matrix driver for 2 keyboards The layout is shown on the next page There are two 16 way connectors used to connect diode matrix keyboards Smaller connector is to connect with main controller board MIDI128 The keyboards must have 8x8 scanning diode matrix that s very simple circuit made of diodes forming electric XY matrix Usually all modern keyboards are equipped with it although sometimes the matrix is organized differently in 5x12 or 6x11 In such case you must rewire the diode
44. y will share the same settings That means it would be like having 2 potentiometers for the same MIDI parameter on the same channel The chain of potentiometer scanners can be connected to any one of the MIDI128 inputs or any daisy chain input of other connected scanners but only one This is different from keyboard scanners which can be connected to all inputs at the same time You can mix different kinds of POT scanners in one chain There can be for example two POT12 BBS 1K in the middle and BBSP at the end The total number of potentiometer inputs should not exceed 72 including the onboard ones All additional inputs will be ignored Every POT scanner has pins for connecting outer leads of the pots They are described as 5V and GND You must not connect any power to those pins they are only for connection end potentiometer taps All cables leading from POT inputs to potentiometers should be either shielded or very short no more than 30cm Using long non shielded cable may generate spurious MIDI messages when unexpected Common microphone cable is good enough for preventing this 4 1 Analog inputs update rate All analog inputs in MIDI128 POT12 PDS BBPS BBS24 translate input voltages or potentiometer position into MIDI Actual pot position is updated via MIDI every time it changes This update is however not immediate this is common to any MIDI knob box The fastest response for potentiometer movement on a single input is about 5ms
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