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33164522 - heidenhain

1. 6 Programming Programming Contours 6 2 Fundamentals of Path Functions Programming tool movements for workpiece machining You create a part program by programming the path functions for the Individual contour elements in sequence You usually do this by entering the coordinates of the end points of the contour elements given in the production drawing The TNC calculates the actual path of the tool from these coordinates and from the tool data and radius compensation The TNC moves all axes programmed in a single block simultaneously Movement parallel to the machine axes The program block contains only one coordinate The TNC thus moves the tool parallel to the programmed axis Depending on the individual machine tool the part program is executed by movement of either the tool or the machine table on which the workpiece is clamped Nevertheless you always pro gram path contours as if the tool moves and the workpiece remains Stationary Example L Path function for straight line X 100 Coordinate of the end point The tool retains the Y and Z coordinates and moves to the position X 100 See figure at upper right Movement in the main planes The program block contains two coordinates The TNC thus moves the tool in the programmed plane Example The tool retains the Z coordinate and moves in the XY plane to the position X 0 Y 50 See figure at center right Three dimensional movement The
2. 6 This process 3 to 5 is repeated until the programmed depth is reached 7 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool in FMAX to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and finally to the center of the stud end position starting illing Pockets Studs and Slots position 2 a Z rc C Before programming note the following TT The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines gt the working direction ne Q200 YA op If you want to clear and finish the stud with the same ZY tool use a centercut end mill ISO 1641 and enter a low 60 feed rate for plunging YH 0 Vd Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance AL MI between tool tio and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of stud Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when moving to depth If you are plunge cutting into the material enter a low value if you have already cleared the stud enter a higher feed rate Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut Enter a value greater than 0 Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 113 Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision
3. 217 13 9 Running the HELP File 218 14 1 General User Parameters 220 Input possibilities for machine parameters 220 Selecting general user parameters 220 External data transfer 221 3 D Touch Probes 222 TNC displays TNC editor 222 Machining and program run 224 Electronic handwheels 225 14 2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for the Data Interface 226 RS 232 C V 24 Interface 226 14 3 Technical Information 227 TNC features 227 Programmable functions 228 TNC Specifications 228 14 4 TNC Error Messages 229 TNC error messages during programming 229 TNC error messages during test run and program run 229 14 5 Exchanging the Buffer Battery 232 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Contents pPROGRAHN EINSPEICHERN ED TIEREN ye i were ELILE Bis 9 i Bed 8 fe OF pe i reed PA PINEN AIF y x p d pomem i ARAE 2 Ta ae I lt ENTE f Tissi X 25 000 y 23 508 RND Z 162 000 pee C 98 808 ae Introduction j o H ae 1 1 The TNC 310 HEIDENHAIN TNC controls are shop floor programmable contouring controls for milling drilling and boring machines You can program conventional milling drilling and boring operations right at the machine with the easily understandable interactive conversational guidance The TNC 310 can control up to 4 axes Instead of the fourth axis you can also change the angular position of the spind
4. Q amp e oes ad A co ror m O a 2 Q O a Q c c Oo Q c a O gt Ce The connector pin layout on the adapter block differs from that on the TNC logic unit X21 Non HEIDENHAIN devices The connector pin layout of a non HEIDENHAIN device may differ considerably from that of a HEIDENHAIN device This often depends on the unit and type of data transfer The figure above shows the connector pin layout on the adapter block 226 14 Tables and Overviews 14 3 Technical Information TNC features Description Contouring control for machines with Components Compact control with integrated flat panel display 192 mm x 120 mm Data interface Simultaneous axis control for contour elements Background programming One part program can be edited while the TNC runs another program Graphics File types HEIDENHAIN conversational programming Program memory Battery back up for approx 6000 NC blocks depending on length of Tool definitions Programming support Functions for approaching and departing the contour HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 control of 4 axes without spindle control or control of 3 axes and with spindle control 640 x 400 Pixel and integrated machine control buttons RS 232 C V 24 Straight lines up to 3 axes Circles up to 2 axes Helices 3 axes Programming graphics Test run graphics Tool table block 128 KB Up to 64 files pos
5. REF Press the REF soft key 2nd soft key row to REF reference the programmed datum to the machine datum In this case the TNC indicates the first cycle block with REF Cancellation A datum shift is canceled by entering the datum shift coordinates X 0 Y 0 and Z 0 Status Displays If datums are referenced to the machine datum then The actual position values are referenced to the active shifted datum The datum shown in the additional status display is referenced to the machine datum whereby the TNC accounts for the manually set datum DATUM SHIFT with datum tables Cycle 7 KE Datums from a datum table can be referenced either to the current datum or to the machine datum depending on machine parameter 7475 The datum points from datum tables are only effective with absolute coordinate values Remember that the datum numbers shift whenever you insert lines in an existing datum table edit part program if necessary 138 8 Programming Cycles Application Datum tables are applied for frequently recurring machining sequences at various locations on the workpiece frequent use of the same datum shift Within a program you can either program datum points directly in the cycle definition or call them from a datum table Define Cycle 7 Y Press the soft key for entering the datum number Enter the datum number and confirm It with the END key Example NC blocks 77 C
6. left are to be understood as based on the direction of tool movement along the workpiece contour see illustrations on the next page 52 5 Programming Tools Entering radius compensation When you program a path contour the following dialog question is displayed after entry of the coordinates To select tool movement to the left of the RL contour press the RL soft key or To select tool movement to the right of the contour press the RR soft key or To select tool movement without radius compensation or to cancel radius compensation press the ENT key or the RO soft key D To terminate the dialog press the END key HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 53 Lam 2 J e Lam Oo Q Compensation LO Radius compensation Machining corners Outside corners If you program radius compensation the TNC moves the tool in a transitional arc around corners The tool rolls around the corner point If necessary the TNC reduces the feed rate at outside corners to reduce machine stress for example at very great changes of direction Inside corners The TNC calculates the intersection of the tool center paths at inside corners under radius compensation From this point it then starts the next contour element This prevents damage to the workpiece The permissible tool radius therefore is limited by the geometry of the programmed contour Machinin
7. 11 Test Run and Program Run oO c a el O c co re i N Q gt Q 2 12 1 Touc 12 1 Touch Probe Cycles in the Manual Operation Mode 7 The TNC must be specially prepared by the machine tool lt builder for the use of a 3 D touch probe After you press the NC START button the touch probe approaches the workpiece in a paraxial movement in the selected probe function The machine tool builder sets the probe feed rate see figure at right When the probe contacts the workpiece it transmits a signal to the TNC the coordinates of the probed position are stored stops moving and returns to Its starting position in rapid traverse If the stylus is not deflected within a defined distance the TNC displays an error message MP 6130 Select the touch probe function Select the Manual Operation mode To choose the touch probe functions press the soft key 2nd soft key row The TNC displays additional soft keys see table at right 202 Calibrate the effective length KAL 2nd soft key row es Calibrate the effective radius O KAL 2nd soft key row v 70 ao W H ao ROT Basic rotation 9 PROBING Datum setting Pos PROBING Set the datum at a corner a oa a Set the datum at a circle center ye 12 3 D Touch Probes Calibrating a touch trigger probe The touch probe must be calibrated dur
8. 132 8 Programming Cycles C Before programming note the following From the current position the TNC positions the tool at the starting point 1 first in the working plane and then in the tool axis MDE 2207 Pre position the tool in such a way that no collision between tool and clamping devices can occur Q219 20 Starting point in 1st axis Q225 absolute value gt j Min point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the main axis of the working Starting point in 2nd axis Q226 absolute value Min point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the secondary axis of the Q225 working plane Cycles for Multipass Milling Starting point in 3rd axis Q227 absolute value Height in the spindle axis at which multipass milling is carried out First side length Q218 incremental value Length of the surface to be multipass milled in the main axis of the working plane referenced to the starting point in 1st axis Second side length Q219 incremental value Length of the surface to be multipass milled in the Q227 secondary axis of the working plane referenced to the starting point in 2nd axis Number of cuts Q240 Number of passes to be made over the width Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when moving from set up clearance to the milling depth Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min whi
9. E Program section repeats within a program section repeat The nesting depth is the number of successive levels in which program sections or subprograms can call further program sections or subprograms E Maximum nesting depth for subprograms 8 E You can nest program section repeats as often as desired Subprogram within a subprogram Call the subprogram marked with LBL1 Last program block of the main program with M2 Beginning of subprogram 1 Call the subprogram marked with LBL2 End of subprogram 1 Beginning of subprogram 2 End of subprogram 2 m rad D 3 2 D Z O za e o A HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 151 Program execution 1st step Main program 15 is executed up to block 17 2nd step Subprogram 1 is called and executed up to block 39 3rd step Subprogram 2 is called and executed up to block 62 End of subprogram 2 and return jump to the subprogram from which it was called D i me N a T o 4th step Subprogram 1 is called and executed from block 40 up to block 45 End of subprogram 1 and return jump to the main program 15 5th step Main program 15 is executed from block 18 to block 35 Return jump to block 1 and end of program Repeating program section repeats Example NC blocks Beginning of program section repeat 1 Beginning of program section repeat 2 The program section between this block and LBL 2 block 20 is repeated twice The program section between
10. HEIDENHAIN 4 cf E _ _ A f MO NC Software 286 140 xx 286 160 xx User s Manual HEIDENHAIN Conversational Programming English en 4 2003 Controls on the TNC Controls on the visual display unit CO Split screen layout Soft keys Shift the soft key rows Machine control keys Axis direction lt gt Rapid traverse Direction of spindle rotation Coolant oe Tool release PI P Spindle ON OFF ae NC start NC stop Override control knobs for feed rate spindle speed 100 100 50 Os 150 50 ie s Os MW F 0 0 Mode of operation w Manual Operation Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI Program Run Test Run Programming and Editing Numerical input editing E o Numbers Decimal point Change arithmetic sign Confirm entry and resume dialog End block Clear numerical entry or TNC error message Abort dialog delete program section Programming aids oD MOD functions Iig HELP function Moving the cursor going directly to blocks cycles and parameter functions Move highlight Move highlight skip dialog question Raia Select blocks and cycles directly TNC Models Software and Features This manual describes functions and features provided by the TNCs with the following NC software numbers TNG 310 286 140 xx TNC 310 M 286 160 xx The machine tool builder adapts the useable features of the TNC to his machine by setting machi
11. To clear the error message from the screen press the CE key Restart the program or resume program run at the place at which it was interrupted m f the error message s blinking Switch off the TNC and the machine Remove the cause of the error Start again If you cannot correct the error write down the error message and contact your repair service agency 196 11 Test Run and Program Run Mid program startup block scan Program run full sequence With the RESTORE POS AT N feature block scan you can start a part program at any block you desire The TNC scans the program blocks up to that point TOOL DEF 202 Lt TOOL CA Start up at Z 1 5 Program B 1 2 3 4 5 6 T 8 g CYCL DEF 4 2 DEPTH 1 0 10 CYCL DEF 4 3 PLNGNG 16 F108 gt To go to the first block of the current program to start a block scan enter GOTO 0 To select block scan press the RESTORE POS AT N soft key The TNC displays an input window RESTORE Start up at N Enter the block number N at which o the block scan should end Program Enter the name of the program containing block N Repetitions If block N is located in a program section repeat enter the number of repetitions to be calculated in the block scan gt PLC ON OFF To account for tool calls and miscellaneous functions M Set the PLC to ON use the ENT key to switch between ON and OFF If PLC is set to OFF the TNC considers only the
12. Number of tools per tool table 1 to 254 222 14 Tables and Overviews Manual Operation mode Display of feed rate Display of gear range Decimal character Position display in the tool axis Display step for the X axis Display step for the Y axis Display step for the Z axis Display step for the IVth axis Reset status display Q parameters and tool data HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 MP7270 Display feed rate F only if an axis direction button is pressed 0 Display feed rate F even if no axis direction button is pressed feed rate of the slowest axis 1 Spindle speed S and miscellaneous function M effective after STOP 0 Spindle speed S and miscellaneous function M no longer effective after STOP 2 MP7274 Do not display current gear range 0 Display current gear range 1 MP7280 The decimal character is a comma 0 The decimal character is a point 1 MP7285 Display is referenced to the tool datum 0 Display in the tool axis is referenced to the tool face 1 MP7290 0 0 1 mm or 0 1 0 0 05 mm or 0 05 1 0 01 mm or 0 01 2 0 005 mm or 0 005 3 0 001 mm or 0 001 4 MP7290 1 see MP 7290 0 MP7290 2 see MP 7290 0 MP7290 3 see MP 7290 0 MP7300 Do not cancel Q parameters and status display 0 Q parameters and status display with M02 M30 END PGM 1 After a power interruption do not activate tool data that was last active 0 After a power interruption re activate tool data that wa
13. R Q123 4 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 177 10 10 Programming Examples Program sequence E The contour of the ellipse is approximated by many short lines defined in Q7 The more calculating steps you define for the lines the smoother the curve becomes E The machining direction can be altered by changing the entries for the starting and end angles in the plane Clockwise machining direction starting angle gt end angle Counterclockwise machining direction starting angle lt end angle m The tool radius is not taken into account 78 Center in X axis Center in Y axis Semiaxis in X Semiaxis in Y Starting angle in the plane End angle in the plane Number of calculating steps Rotational position of the ellipse Milling depth Feed rate for plunging Feed rate for milling Setup clearance for pre positioning Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Call machining operation Retract in the tool axis end program 10 Programming Q Parameters HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Subprogram 10 Machining operation Shift datum to center of ellipse Account for rotational position in the plane Calculate angle increment Copy starting angle Set counter Calculate X coordinate for starting point Calculate Y coordinate for starting point Move to starting point in the plane Pre position in tool axis to setup clearance Move to working depth Update the angl
14. SUOIJEULIOJSULA B JEUIPIOOD 10 S P J 9 8 8 Programming Cycles 44 8 7 Special Cycles DWELL TIME Cycle 9 This cycle causes the execution of the next block within a running program to be delayed by the programmed dwell time A dwell time can be used for such purposes as chip breaking Function Cycle 9 becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program Modal conditions such as spindle rotation are not affected g Dwell time in seconds Enter the dwell time in YQ seconds Input range O to 30 000 seconds approx 8 3 hours in increments of 0 001 seconds PROGRAM CALL Cycle 12 Routines that you have programmed such as special drilling cycles or geometrical modules can be written as main programs and then e called like fixed cycles E A R CEDER I2 0 o oo Program name Number of the program to be gt PGM CALL cai called up 8 CYCL DEF 12 1 9 jo o The program is called with 0 os S EE CYCL CALL separate block or P ore O oo M99 blockwise or gt C M89 modally hh Example Program call o m eae o A callable program 50 is to be called into a program via a cycle call ese a a _ Example NC blocks Definition Program 50 is a cycle Call program 50 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 145 8 7 Special Cycles 8 7 Special Cycles ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP Cycle 13 7 The TNC and the machine tool must be specially prepared by the mach
15. The TNC checks the functioning of the EMERGENCY STOP circuit Cross the reference points in any sequence Press and hold the machine axis direction button for each axis until the reference point has been traversed or Cross the reference points with several axes at IJ the same time Use soft keys to select the axes axes are then shown highlighted on the screen and then press the NC START button The TNC is now ready for operation in the Manual Operation mode 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 2 Moving the Machine Axes 7 Traversing the machine axes with the axis direction keys is a machine dependent function Refer to your machine tool manual Traverse the axis with the axis direction keys a Select the Manual Operation mode Press the axis direction button and hold it as long as you wish the axis to move or move the axis continuously and Press and hold the axis direction button then press the NC START button The axis continues to move after you release the keys 0 Press the NC STOP key to stop the axis You can move several axes at a time with these two methods HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 15 E O v l hed o gt N N N 2 2 Moving the Mach Traversing with the HR 410 electronic handwheel The portable HR 410 handwheel is equipped with two permissive buttons The permissive buttons are located below the star grip You can only move the ma
16. The number length and radius of a specific tool is defined in the TOOL DEF block of the part program To select tool definition press the TOOL DEF key DEF Enter the Tool number Each tool is uniquely identified by its number When the tool table is active enter tool numbers greater than 99 dependent on MP7260 Enter the tool length Enter the compensation value for the tool length Enter the Tool radius C During the dialog you can take the values for length and radius directly trom the position display with the soft keys CUR POS X CUR POSY op Ure s Resulting NC block 46 5 Programming Tools Entering tool data in tables You can define and store up to 254 tools and their tool data in the tool table the maximum number of tools in the table can be set in machine parameter 7260 Tool table Available input data T Number by which the tool is called in the program L Value for tool length compensation L R Compensation value for the tool radius R Editing the tool table The tool table has the name TOOL T is automatically active in a program run operating mode To open the tool table TOOL T Select any machine operating mode ak To select the tool table press the TOOL TABLE soft Set the EDIT soft key to ON OFF EDIT Select the Programming and Editing mode of operation Calls the file manager wel Move the highlight to TOOL T Confirm with the ENT key When you have opened the
17. between tool and workpiece clamping devices can Occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the stud in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the stud in the secondary axis of the working plane First side length Q218 incremental value Stud length parallel to the main axis of the working plane Second side length Q219 incremental value Stud length parallel to the secondary axis of the working plane Pockets Studs and Slots ing Corner radius Q220 Radius of the stud corner Allowance in 1st axis Q221 incremental value Allowance in the main axis of the working plane referenced to the length of the stud This value is only required by the TNC for calculating the preparatory position CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING Cycle 5 1 The tool penetrates the workpiece at the starting position pocket center and advances to the first plunging depth 8 3 Cycle fo 2 The tool subsequently follows a spiral path at the feed rate F see figure at right For calculating the stepover factor k see Cycle 4 POCKET MILLING 3 This process is repeated until the depth is reached 4 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool to the starting position C Before programming note the following Program a positioning block for the starting point pocket center in the working plane with RADIUS X COMPENSATION RO Program a positioning block f
18. defined by the distance from the starting point to the pole CC The last programmed tool position before the CP block is the starting point of the arc gt Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key Select circular path C Press the C soft key Select entry of polar coordinates Press the P soft key 2nd soft key row Polar coordinates angle PA Angular position of the arc end point between 5400 and 5400 Direction of rotation DR HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 79 Polar Coordinates 6 5 Path Contours 6 5 Path conti Polar Coordinates Example NC blocks C For incremental coordinates enter the same sign for DR and PA Circular path CTP with tangential connection The tool moves on a circular path starting tangentially from a preceding contour element gt Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key CIRCLE CT yi Select the circular path CT Press the CT soft key Select entry of polar coordinates Press the P soft F key 2nd soft key row Polar coordinates radius PR Distance from the arc end point to the pole CC Polar coordinates angle PA Angular position of the arc end point Example NC blocks The pole CC is not the center of the contour arc 00 0 6 Programming Programming Contours Helical interpolation A helix is a combination of a circular movement in a main plane and a lin
19. geometry To start the block scan press the START soft key To return to contour See following section Returning to the Contour HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 197 am pe O Lo pe A Returning to the contour With the RESTORE POSITION function the TNC returns the tool to the workpiece contour after you moved the machine axes during a program interruption with the MANUAL OPERATION soft key To select a return to contour press the RESTORE POSITION soft key not necessary with block scan In the displayed window the TNC shows 4 the position to which it moves the tool Program run full sequence RESTORE 215 C STUD FINISH 1 F 2 GT 1 GOTO LBL RESTORE i 2 5 080 z To move the axes in the sequence that the TNC suggests A on the screen press the machine START button C C F L C Q Q Q Q Q Q SS ell el TO N DANEBEN err cc re O pe A a q q To move the axes in any sequence press the soft keys RESTORE X RESTORE Z etc and activate each axis with the machine START key To resume machining press the machine START key 198 11 Test Run and Program Run 11 4 Blockwise Transfer Running Longer Programs Machine programs that require more memory space than is available in the TNC can be transferred blockwise from an external memory The program blocks are read in via data interface and are the
20. 0 Do not send EOT after ETX 512 Example Use the following setting to adjust the TNC interface EXT2 MP 5020 1 to an external non HEIDENHAIN device 8 data bits any BCC transmission stop through DCS even character parity character parity desired 2 stop bits Inout for MP 5020 1 1 0 8 0 32 64 105 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 221 e q lt 0 Sms e _ c g E vr q N a q4 chose 0 S N _ pom c O q q q 3 D Touch Probes Probing feed rate for triggering touch probes MP6120 80 to 3000 mm min Maximum traverse to first probe point MP6130 0 001 to 30 000 mm Safety clearance to probing point during automatic measurement MP6140 0 001 to 30 000 mm Rapid traverse for triggering touch probes MP6150 1 to 30 000 mm min Measure center misalignment of the stylus when calibrating a triggering touch probe MP6160 No 180 rotation of the 3 D touch probe during calibration 0 M function for 180 rotation of the touch probe during calibration 1 to 88 TNC displays TNC editor Programming station MP7210 TNC with machine 0 TNC as programming station with active PLC 1 TNC as programming station with inactive PLC 2 Acknowledgment of POWER INTERRUPTED after switch on MP7212 Acknowledge with key 0 Acknowledge automatically 1 Dialog language MP7230 German 0 English 1 Configure tool tables MP7260 Inactive 0
21. 2 1 Switch On 14 2 2 Moving the Machine Axes 15 2 3 Spindle Speed S Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M 18 2 4 Datum Setting Without a 3 DTouch Probe 19 3 1 Programming and Executing Simple Positioning Blocks 22 4 1 Fundamentals of NC 26 4 2 File management 31 4 3 Creating andWriting Programs 34 4 4 Interactive Programming Graphics 39 4 5 HELP function 41 5 1 EnteringTool Related Data 44 5 2 Tool Data 45 5 3 Tool Compensation 51 Contents 6 1 Overview ofTool Movements 56 6 2 Fundamentals of Path Functions 57 6 3 ContourApproach and Departure 60 Overview Types of paths for contour approach and departure 60 Important positions for approach and departure 60 Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection APPR LT 62 Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point APPR LN 62 Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour APPR LCT 64 Departing tangentially on a straight line DEP LT 65 Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point DEP LN 65 Departing tangentially on a circular arc DEP CT 66 Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line DEP LCT 67 6 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates 68 Overview of path functions 68 Straight line L 69 Inserting a chamfer CHF
22. 2 Tool Data Pocket table for tool changer Manual operation Tool number The TOOLPTCH TOOL Pocket table must be programmed to enable TOOLP TCH MM automatic tool change To select the pocket table In the Programming and Editing mode PGM MGT In a machine operating mode TOOL TABLE POCKET TABLE oN EDIT OFF STF L PLC a Go a oo E w Ae mm a g i on Calls the file manager Move the highlight to TOOLPTCH Confirm with the ENT key G a G a G a G 2 a G a G a To select the tool table press the TOOL TABLE soft key To select the pocket table press the POCKET TABLE soft key Set the EDIT soft key to ON Select previous page in table 2nd soft key row a a go m When you have opened the pocket table you can edit the tool data by moving the cursor to the desired position in the table with the Select next page in table PAGE arrow keys see figure at upper right You can overwrite the stored 2nd soft key row values or enter new values at any position You may not use a tool number twice in the pocket table If you do Move the highlight one column to WORD so the TNC will output an error message when you exit the table the left You can enter the following information on a tool into a pocket table Move the highlight one column to WORD the right gt Reset pocket table RESET POCKET TABLE S PLC 50 Pocket number of the tool in the tool magazine
23. 200 2 2 R FMAX M3 The TNC can also run programs in which you have programmed non controlled axes Y 0 2 80 805 RO F108 200 If the TNC arrives at a block in which you have programmed a non DEF 200 DRILLING a controlled axis it stops program run At the same time It superimposes a window showing the distance to go to the target position ij see figure at top right Proceed as follows e OO 00 5 00 01 oN 1 8 D c 5 am z Bm O hm A o q q Move the axis manually to the target position The TNC constantly T updates the distance to go window and always shows the distance remaining to reach the target position Once you have reached the target position press the NC START key to continue program run If you press the NC START key before you have arrived at the target position the TNC will output an error message KE Machine parameter 1030 x determines how accurately you need to approach the target position possible input values 0 001 to 2 mm Non controlled axes must be programmed in separate positioning blocks otherwise the TNC will output an error message HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 193 cc re O pe am ai q Interrupting machining There are several ways to interrupt a program run Programmed interruptions Machine STOP button Switching to Program Run Single Block If the TNC registers an error during program run it automatically interrupts the
24. 3 The tool then moves back to the center of the left circle again with oblique plunge cutting This process is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached 4 At the milling depth the TNC moves the tool for the purpose of face milling to the other end of the slot and then back to the center of the slot Finishing process 5 The TNC advances the tool from the slot center tangentially to the contour of the finished part The tool subsequently climb mills the contour with M3 6 When the tool reaches the end of the contour it departs the contour tangentially and returns to the center of the slot 7 At the end of the cycle the tool is retracted in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance 120 8 Programming Cycles gt Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of slot Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Total extent by which the tool is fed in the tool axis during a reciprocating movement gt Machining operation 0 1 2 Q215 Define the extent of machining 0 Roughing and finishing 1 Roughing only 2 Finishing only gt Workpiece SURFACE COORDINATE 0203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2
25. 310 8 2 Drilling Cycles T O gt O A N 00 DRILLING Cycle 200 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The tool drills to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate F 3 The TNC returns the tool at FMAX to the setup clearance dwells there if a dwell time was entered and then moves at FMAX to the setup clearance above the first plunging depth 4 The tool then advances with another infeed at the programmed feed rate F 5 The TNC repeats this process 2 to 4 until the programmed total hole depth is reached 6 At the hole bottom the tool is retraced to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance in rapid traverse FMAX C Before programming note the following Program a positioning block for the starting point hole center in the working plane with RADIUS COMPENSATION RO The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction 200 Set up clearance Q200 incremental value BH Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole tip of drill taper Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool during drilling in mm min Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut The TNC will go to depth in one movement if the plunging depth is
26. F 2 When it reaches the first plunging depth the tool retracts in rapid traverse FMAX to the starting position and advances again to the first plunging depth minus the advanced stop distance t 3 The advanced stop distance is automatically calculated by the control m Ata total hole depth of up to 30 mm t 0 6 mm m Ata total hole depth exceeding 30 mm t hole depth 50 Maximum advanced stop distance 7 mm 4 The tool then advances with another infeed at the programmed feed rate F 5 The TNC repeats this process 1 to 4 until the programmed total hole depth is reached 6 After a dwell time at the hole bottom the tool is returned to the starting position in rapid traverse FMAX for chip breaking 1 g gt Setup clearance 1 incremental value Distance Go between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface gt Total hole depth 2 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole tip of drill taper Plunging depth 3 incremental value Infeed per cut The TNC will go to depth in one movement if E the plunging depth is the same as the total hole depth E the plunging depth is greater than the total hole depth The total hole depth does not have to be a multiple of the plunging depth Dwell time in seconds Amount of time the tool remains at the total hole depth for chip breaking Feed rate F Traversing speed of the tool during drilling in mm min HEIDENHAIN TNC
27. Probe system not ready Program start undefined Feed rate is missing Tool radius too large Angle reference missing Excessive subprogramming HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 This message always appears when you press a key that is not needed for the current dialog Before probing pre position the stylus where it is not touching the workpiece surface Check whether the touch probe is ready for operation Begin the program only with a TOOL DEF block Do not resume an interrupted program at a block with a tangential arc or If a previously defined pole is needed Enter the feed rate for the positioning block n Enter FMAX in each block Enter a tool radius that lies within the given limits permits the contour elements to be calculated and machined Complete your definition of the arc and its end points If you enter polar coordinates define the polar angle correctly Conclude subprograms with LBLO Program CALL LBL for subprograms without REP Program CALL LBL for program section repeats to include the repetitions REP Subprograms cannot call themselves Subprograms cannot be nested in more than eight levels 231 N O N N e LL Q gt q 14 5 Exchanging the Buffer Battery 14 5 Exchanging the Buffer Battery A buffer battery supplies the TNC with current to prevent the data in RAM memory from being lost when the TNC is switched off If the TNC displays the error message Exchange
28. Rate F and Miscellaneous run M 2 3 Spindle Speed S Feed Rate F and Miscellaneous Functions M In the Manual Operation mode enter the spindle speed S and the miscellaneous function M using soft keys The miscellaneous functions are described in Chapter 7 Programming Miscellaneous Functions The feed rate is defined in a machine parameter and can be changed only with the override knobs see next page Entering values Example Entering the spindle speed S To enter the spindle speed press the S soft key 1000 Enter the desired spindle speed NC and confirm with the NC START button The spindle speed S with the entered rom is started with a miscellaneous function Proceed in the same way to enter the miscellaneous functions M Changing the spindle speed and feed rate With the override knobs you can vary the spindle speed S and feed rate F from 0 to 150 of the set value a The knob for spindle speed override is effective only on lt machines with an infinitely variable spindle drive The machine tool builder determines which miscellaneous functions M are available on your TNC and what effects they have 2 Manual Operation and Setup 2 4 Datum Setting Without a 3 D Touch Probe You fix a datum by setting the TNC position display to the coordinates of a known position on the workpiece Preparation Clamp and align the workpiece Insert the zero tool with known radius into the spindle Ensure that
29. Retract tool in the working plane Retract tool in the spindle axis end of program 6 Programming Programming Contours 6 4 Path Contours _ e Coordinates HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Define the workpiece blank Define the tool tool call Define the circle center Retract the tool Pre position the tool Move to working depth Approach starting point of circle Tangential approach to circle with R 2 mm Move to the circle end point circle starting point Tangential departure from circle with R 2 mm Retract tool in the working plane Retract tool in the spindle axis end of program 77 6 5 Path contd Polar Coordinates 6 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates With polar coordinates you can define a position in terms of Its angle PA and its distance PR relative to a previously defined pole CC See section 4 1 Fundamentals of NC Polar coordinates are useful with Positions on circular arcs Workpiece drawing dimensions in degrees e g bolt hole circles Overview of path functions with polar coordinates Line LP L p Straight line Polar radius polar angle of the straight line end point Circular arc CP C C Circular path around circle center pole Polar angle of the arc end point CC to arc end point direction of rotation Circular arc CTP CT a Circular path with tangential Polar radius polar angle of the arc connection to the preceding contour end point element Helix C C Combination of a cir
30. TNC executes the part program up to the block in which a subprogram is called with CALL LBL CALL LBL1 2 The subprogram is then executed from beginning to end The subprogram end is marked with LBL O 3 The TNC then resumes the part program from the block after the Subprogram call L Z 100 M2 Programming notes A main program can contain up to 254 subprograms You can call subprograms in any sequence and as often as desired END PGM A subprogram cannot call itself Write subprograms at the end of the main program behind the block with M2 or M30 If subprograms are located before the block with M02 or M30 they will be executed at least once even if they are not called 9 1 Marking Subpro 148 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Programming a subprogram LBL To mark the beginning press the LBL SET key and SET enter a label number Enter the subprogram To mark the end press the LBL SET key and enter the label number 0 Calling a subprogram To call a subprogram press the LBL CALL key CALL Label number Enter the label number of the program you wish to call Repeat REP Ignore the dialog question with the NO ENT key Repeat REP is used only for program section repeats lt lt CALL LBL O is not permitted label O is only used to mark the end of a subprogram 9 3 Program Section Repeats The beginning of a program section repeat is marked by
31. angle reference axis and the side of the workpiece as the rotation angle Cancel the basic rotation or restore the previous basic rotation This is done by setting the Rotation angle to the value that you wrote down previously HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 209 th a 3 D Touch Probe leces WI Workp O 2 3 1 3 To measure the angle between two workpiece sides Select the probing function by pressing the PROBING ROT soft key F Rotation angle If you will need the current basic rotation later rz write down the value that appears under Rotation 5 angle Make a basic rotation for the first side see Compensating Q workpiece misalignment oo Probe the second side as for a basic rotation but do not set the Rotation angle to zero lt Press the PROBING ROT soft key to display the angle PA between the two sides as the Rotation angle s Cancel the basic rotation or restore the previous basic rotation by N setting the Rotation angle to the value that you wrote down s previously S O C I N 1 210 12 3 D Touch Probes A is supe TT eee aT HREIN pIaN peer 13 1 Selecting Changing and _ the MOD Functions 13 2 System Information 13 1 Selecting Changing and Exiting Programming and editing the MOD Functions Position display Position display The MOD functions provide additional displays and input ie Change MM INCH poss
32. between two straight lines 69 Circle center CC 70 Circular path C around circle center CC 71 Circular path CR with defined radius 72 Circular path CT with tangential connection 73 Corner Rounding RND 74 Example Linear movements and chamfers with Cartesian coordinates 75 Example Circular movements with Cartesian coordinates 76 Example Full circle with Cartesian coordinates 77 6 5 Path Contours Polar Coordinates 78 Polar coordinate origin Pole CC 78 Straight line LP 79 Circular path CP around pole CC 79 Circular path CTP with tangential connection 80 Helical interpolation 81 Example Linear movement with polar coordinates 83 Example Helix 84 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Contents Contents 7 4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior 89 7 5 Miscellaneous Function for Rotary Axes 92 8 1 General Overview of Cycles 94 8 2 Drilling Cycles 96 PECKING Cycle 1 96 DRILLING Cycle 200 98 REAMING Cycle 201 99 BORING Cycle 202 100 UNIVERSAL DRILLING Cycle 203 101 BACK BORING Cycle 204 103 TAPPING with a floating tap holder Cycle 2 105 RIGIDTAPPING Cycle 17 106 Example Drilling cycles 107 Example Drilling cycles 108 8 3 Cycles for Milling Pockets Studs and Slots 109 POCKET MILLING Cycle 4 110 POCKET FINISHING Cycle 212 111 STUD FINISHING Cycle 213 113 CIRC
33. bottom Retraction feed rate Q208 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when retracting from the hole If you enter Q208 0 the tool retracts at the reaming feed rate gt Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface gt 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can Occur HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 99 8 2 Drilling Cycles Ta amp Q gt Q O A N ee BORING Cycle 202 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The tool drills to the programmed depth at the feed rate for plunging 3 If programmed the tool remains at the hole bottom for the entered dwell time with active spindle rotation for cutting free 4 The TNC then orients the spindle to the 0 position with an oriented spindle stop 5 If retraction is selected the tool retracts in the programmed direction by 0 2 mm fixed value 6 The tool then retracts to set up clearance at the retraction feed rate and from there if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance in FMAX 202 Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Sg HT Sex Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole gt Feed rate for plunging Q206 Tra
34. co ro i N Q gt Q 2 l axis Z ius ring gauge 25 001 P a a ect probe radius 3 996 Compensating workpiece misalignment ective length 8 l tip center offset X The TNC electronically compensates workpiece misalignment by 1 tip center offset Y computing a basic rotation 12 1 Touc For this purpose the TNC sets the rotation angle to the desired angle with respect to the reference axis in the working plane See figure at lower right Ce Select the probe direction perpendicular to the angle reference axis when measuring workpiece misalignment To ensure that the basic rotation is calculated correctly during program run program both coordinates of the working plane in the first positioning block 204 12 3 D Touch Probes aan Select the probing function by pressing the acid rotation lt ro PROBING ROT soft key Position the ball tip at a starting position near the first touch point Select the probe direction perpendicular to the angle reference axis Select the axis with an arrow key To probe the workpiece press the NC START button Position the ball tip at a starting position near the second touch point To probe the workpiece press the NC START button The TNC saves the basic rotation in non volatile memory The basic rotation is effective for all subsequent program runs and test runs Displaying a basic rotation The angle of the basic rotation appears a
35. coordinates of the circle center Enter the coordinates of the arc end point Direction of rotation DR Further entries if necessary Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Example NC blocks Full circle Enter the same point you used as the starting point for the end point in a C block KE The starting and end points of the arc must lie on the circle Input tolerance up to 0 016 mm HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 71 tes ina Cartesian Coord e m Oo ual Q Q E ed 0 lt co 6 4 Path Contours artesian Coordinates Circular path CR with defined radius The tool moves on a circular path with the radius R gt Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key CIRCLE 2nd soft key row CR Enter the coordinates of the arc end point Radius R Note The algebraic sign determines the size of the arc Direction of rotation DR Note The algebraic sign determines whether the arc IS Concave or convex Further entries if necessary Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Full circle For a full circle program two CR blocks in succession The end point of the first semicircle is the starting point of the second The end point of the second semicircle is the starting point of the first See figure at upper right Central angle CCA and arc radius R The starting and end points on the contour can be connected with four arcs of the s
36. current angular value to a value less than 360 and then moves the tool to the programmed value If several rotary axes are active M94 will reduce the display of all rotary axes Example NC blocks To reduce display of all active rotary axes To reduce display of all active rotary axes and then move the tool in the C axis to the programmed value Effect M94 is effective only in the block in which M94 is programmed M94 becomes effective at the start of block 7 Programming Miscellaneous functions Be 8 1 General Overview of Cycles Frequently recurring machining cycles that comprise several Cycles for pecking reaming boring working steps are stored in the TNC memory as standard cycles and tapping Coordinate transformations and other special cycles are also provided as standard cycles The table at right lists the various cycle groups DRILLING Cycles for milling pockets studs epee and slots Hui Fixed cycles with number starting with 200 use Q parameters as transfer parameters Parameters with specific functions that are required in several cycles always have the same number For Coordinate transformation cycles cooRD example Q200 is always assigned the setup clearance Q202 the which enable datum shift rotation i plunging depth etc mirror image enlarging and reducing for various contours Defining a cycle l Cycles for producing hole patterns CYCL soft key row shows the available groups of such
37. current position to the line end point The starting point is the end point of the preceding block L Enter the coordinates of the end point L Further entries if necessary Radius compensation RL RR RO Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Example NC blocks Inserting a chamfer CHF between two straight lines The chamfer enables you to cut off corners at the intersection of two straight lines The blocks before and after the CHF block must be in the same working plane The radius compensation before and after the chamfer block must be the same An inside chamfer must be large enough to accommodate the current tool CHF Chamfer side length Enter the length of the a chamfer Further entries if necessary Feed rate F only effective in CHF block Example NC blocks ce You cannot start a contour with a CHF block A chamfer is possible only in the working plane If you have not programmed a feed rate in the CHF block the TNC will move at the last programmed feed rate A feed rate programmed in the CHF block is effective only in that block After the CHF block the previous feed rate becomes effective again The corner point is cut off by the chamfer and is not part of the contour HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 69 6 4 Path Contours _ Coordinates 6 4 Path Contours Bi artesian Coordinates Circle center CC You can define a circle center CC for circles that are p
38. each infeed before retraction Dwell time in seconds at the hole bottom Feed rate for pecking Call PECKING cycle Retract tool End of program 23 Blocks W O A V O i og Lu am O Sen O s pus A 3 ap 3 1 Programming and Executing Simple Posi EE Blocks Protecting and erasing programs in MDI The MDI file is generally intended for short programs that are only needed temporarily Nevertheless you can store a program if necessary by proceeding as described below Select operating mode Programming and Editing G Call up the file manager PGM NAME soft key Move the highlight to the MDI file Select Copy file Press the COPY soft key 1225 Enter the name under which you want to save the current contents of the MDI file Copy the file E Exit the file manager END key Erasing the contents of the MDI file is done in a similar way Instead of copying the contents however you erase them with the DELETE soft key The next time you select the operating mode Positioning with MDI the TNC will display an empty MDI file For further information refer to section 4 2 File Management 24 3 Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI q o fOr Stans i Pa iias 5 ner s Aae m orus a oe ae 7 n e B t e ais n 4 1 run ntas of NC 4 1 Fundamentals of NC Position encod
39. entered at the end of a positioning block The TNC then displays the following dialog question Only enter the number of the M function in the programming dialog In the MANUAL OPERATION operating mode the M functions are entered with the M soft key Please note that some F functions become effective at the start of a positioning block and others at the end M functions come into effect in the block in which they are called Unless the M function is only effective blockwise it is canceled in a subsequent block or at the end of the program Some M functions are effective only in the block in which they are called Entering an M function in a STOP block If you program a STOP block the program run or test run is interrupted at the block for example for tool inspection You can also enter an M function in a STOP block To program an interruption of program run STOP press the STOP key Enter miscellaneous function M Example NC block 86 7 Programming Miscellaneous functions 7 2 Miscellaneous Functions for Pro S gram Run Control Spindle and BA Coolant S w OS M__Effect Effective at Moo Stop program run Block end O Spindle STOP 9 O Coolant OFF 0O O M01 Stop program run Block end Oo M02 Stop program run Block end O Spindle STOP Q Coolant OFF WY Go to block 1 _ amp Clear the status display dependent 2 on machine parameter 7300 M03 Spindle ON clockwise Block start M04 Spind
40. executing 192 interrupting 194 moving the machine axes during an interruption 195 resuming after an interruption 195 196 Start program at any block 197 Program Section Repeats calling 150 operating sequence 149 programming notes 149 programming 150 Programming graphics 39 Q parameters checking 166 preassigned 1 6 177 transferring values to PLC 172 Q parameter programming additional functions 167 formula entering 173 if then decisions 165 mathematics basic operations 162 programming notes 160 trigonometry 164 Radius compensation 51 corners machining 54 entering 53 inside corners 54 outside corners 54 Index Rapid traverse 44 Reaming 99 Rectangular pocket finishing 111 roughing 110 Reference system 27 Returning to the contour 198 Rotary axis reducing the display 92 Rotation 141 Round slot milling 122 RS232 C V 24 setup 213 Ruled surtace 134 Scaling factor 142 Screen layout 3 Secondary axes 27 Slot milling with reciprocating plunge cut 120 Slot milling 120 122 Small contour steps M97Z 90 Software number 212 Sphere 183 Spindle orientation 146 Spindle speed changing 18 entering 18 Status display additional 8 general 7 Straight line 69 79 Subprogram calling 149 operating sequence 148 programming notes 148 programming 149 Switch on 14 System data reading 169 system information
41. keys Press the MANUAL OPERATI C C F L C Q Q Q Q Q Q ST ee ell el roO al AENM er Tr POLAR PATTERN sCENTER IN 15T 2ND LE NGL NGL NGL ON soft key Move the axes with the machine axis direction buttons Use the function Returning to the Contour see below to return to a contour at the point of interruption Resuming program run after an interruption C If a program run Is interrupted during a fixed cycle the program must be resumed from the beginning of the cycle This means that some machining operations will be repeated When a program run is interrupted the TNC stores The data of the last defined tool Active coordinate transformations The coordinates of the circle center that was last defined The current count of program section repeats The number of the block where a subprogram or a program section repeat was last called HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 E MANUEL OPERATION 195 cc z Saz 5 O pe am am pe O 0 pe A ai Resuming program run with the NC START button You can resume program run by pressing the NC START button if the program was interrupted in one of the following ways m NC STOP button was pressed E A programmed interruption m The EMERGENCY STOP button was pressed machine dependent function Resuming program run after an error m f the error message is not blinking Remove the cause of the error
42. keys to scroll to another page see table at top right Looking for the same words in different blocks To select a word in a block press the arrow keys repeatedly until the highlight is on the desired word Select a block with the arrow keys The word that is highlighted in the new block is the same as the one you selected previously Inserting blocks at any desired location Select the block after which you want to insert a new block and initiate the dialog Inserting the previously edited deleted block at any location Select the block after which you want to insert the block you have just edited deleted If you wish to insert a block you have stored in the buffer memory press the soft key INSERT NC BLOCK Editing and inserting words Select a word in a block and overwrite it with the new one The plain language dialog is available while the word is highlighted To accept the change press the END key If you want to insert a word press the horizontal arrow keys repeatedly until the desired dialog appears You can then enter the desired value Move from one block to the next Select individual words in a block Go to the previous page Go to the next page Jump to beginning of program END Jump to beginning End Set the value of the selected word to Zero Erase an incorrect number Clear a non blinking error message Delete the selected word DEL Delete the selected b
43. path function keys to open a conversational dialog The Miscellaneous function M TNC asks you successively for all the necessary information and a aa a eee uno inserts the program block into the part program BLK FORM 2 X 100 Y 108 tT L X 10 Y 5 RO FF1000 e END PGM 145 MM KE You may not program controlled and non controlled axes LL in the same block os dad Example programming a straight line A e f o Initiate the programming dialog here for a Tp Straight line X 10 Enter the coordinates of the straight line end point Y a Transfer the coordinates of the selected axis Press ACTUAL POSITION soft key second soft key row RL Select the radius compensation here press the RL soft key the tool moves to the left of the programmed contour 100 Enter the feed rate here 100 mm min and confirm your entry with ENT 3 Enter a miscellaneous function here M3 and terminate the dialog with ENT The part program now contains the following line HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 59 6 3 Contour B o and Departure 6 3 Contour Approach and Departure Overview Types of paths for contour approach and departure The functions for contour approach and departure are activated with the APPR DEP key You can then select the following contour forms using soft keys i A A APPR LT DEF LT Straight line with tangential connection APPR LN DEP LN Straight line perpendicul
44. sphere Starting angle of rotational position in the X Y plane End angle of rotational position in the X Y plane Angle increment in the X Y plane for roughing Allowance in sphere radius for roughing Setup clearance for pre positioning in the tool axis Feed rate for milling Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Call machining operation Reset allowance Angle increment in the X Y plane for finishing Call machining operation Retract in the tool axis end program 10 Programming Q Parameters HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Subprogram 10 Machining operation Calculate Z coordinate for pre positioning Copy starting angle in space Z X plane Compensate sphere radius for pre positioning Copy rotational position in the plane Account for allowance in the sphere radius Shift datum to center of sphere Account for starting angle of rotational position in the plane Set pole in the X Y plane for pre positioning Pre position in the plane Pre position in the tool axis Set pole in the Z X plane offset by the tool radius Move to working depth Move upward in an approximated arc Update solid angle Inquire whether an arc is finished If not finished return to LBL 2 Move to the end angle in space Retract in the tool axis Pre position for next arc Update rotational position in the plane Reset solid angle Activate new rotational position Unfinished If not finished return to label 1 Reset the rota
45. the Data Interface Press the soft key marked RS 232 SETUP to call a menu for setting the data interfaces Setting the OPERATING MODE of the external device HEIDENHAIN floppy disk unit FE 401 and FE 401B PE Non HEIDENHAIN devices such as Punchers PC without TNC EXE EXT1 EXT2 PC with HEIDENHAIN software for data transfer TNCremo FE No data transfer e g working without a connected external device none Setting the baud rate You can set the baud rate data transfer speed from 110 to 115 200 baud For each operating mode FE EXT1 etc the TNC stores an individual baud rate When you select baud rate using an arrow key the TNC recalls the value that was last stored for this operating mode HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Programming and editing R5232 interface Baud rate 5 7600 Memory for blockwise transfer 134 Available CKB Reserved CKE Block buffer 213 13 3 Entering m Number 13 4 Setting the Data Interface 13 4 Setting the Data Interface Creating the memory for blockwise transfer In order to be able to edit other programs while blockwise execution is in progress you need to create a memory for blockwise transfer The TNC shows the available free memory space The reserved memory space should be less than the total free memory space available Setting the block buffer To ensure a continuous program run during blockwise transfer the TNC needs a certain quantity of blocks stored in program memo
46. the hole will be bored in the positive spindle axis direction Material thickness Q250 incremental value Thickness of the workpiece Off center distance Q251 incremental value Off center distance for the boring bar value from tool data sheet Tool edge height Q252 incremental value Distance between the underside of the boring bar and the main cutting tooth value from tool data sheet Feed rate for pre positioning Q253 Traversing speed of the tool when moving in and out of the workpiece In mm min Feed rate for counterboring 0254 Traversing speed of the tool during counterboring in mm min Dwell time Q255 Dwell time in seconds at the top of the bore hole Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur DISENGAGING DIRECTION 0 1 2 3 4 Q214 Determine the direction in which the TNC moves the tool by its off center distance after spindle orientation Entry is not possible in this cycle Displace tool in the negative main axis direction Displace tool in the negative secondary axis direction Displace tool in the positive main axis direction Displace tool in the positive secondary axis direction es Danger of collision 104 Check the position of the tool tip when you use M19 to program a spindle orientat
47. the tool Move to working depth at feed rate F 1000 mm min Approach the contour at point 1 Tangential approach to circle with R 2 mm Move to point 2 Point 3 first straight line for corner 3 Program chamfer with length 10 mm Point 4 2nd straight line for corner 3 1st straight line for corner 4 Program chamfer with length 20 mm Move to last contour point 1 second straight line for corner 4 Tangential departure from circle with R 2 mm Retract tool in the working plane Retract tool in the spindle axis end of program 75 6 4 Path Contours _ Coordinates Q Pr Oo os O Q S N qd E 6 4 Path Contours Define blank form for graphic workpiece simulation Define tool in the program Call tool in the spindle axis and with the spindle speed S Retract tool in the spindle axis at rapid traverse FMAX Pre position the tool Move to working depth at feed rate F 1000 mm min Approach the contour at point 1 Tangential approach to circle with R 2 mm Point 2 first straight line for corner 2 Insert radius with R 10 mm teed rate 150 mm min Move to point 3 Starting point of the arc with CR Move to point 4 End point of the arc with CR radius 30 mm Move to point 5 Move to point 6 Move to point 7 End point of the arc radius with tangential connection to point 6 TNC automatically calculates the radius Move to last contour point 1 Tangential departure from circle with R 2 mm
48. this block and LBL 1 block 15 is repeated once Program execution 1st step Main program 16 is executed up to block 27 2nd step Program section between block 27 and block 20 is repeated twice 3rd step Main program 16 is executed from block 28 to block 35 4th step Program section between block 35 and block 15 is repeated once including the program section repeat between 20 and block 27 5th step Main program 16 is executed from block 36 to block 50 End of program 52 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Repeating a subprogram Example NC blocks Program execution 1st step Main program 17 is executed up to block 11 2nd step Subprogram 2 is called and executed 3rd step Program section between block 12 and block 10 is repeated twice This means that subprogram 2 is repeated twice Ath step Main program 17 is executed from block 13 to block 19 End of program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Beginning of the program section repeat Subprogram call The program section between this block and LBL1 block 10 is repeated twice Last program block of the main program with M2 Beginning of subprogram End of subprogram 153 9 4 Nesting 9 5 Programming Examples E Repeat downfeed and contourmilling ot 54 Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Pre position in the working plane Pre position in the spindle axis Set label for progr
49. time counter 6 Number of the active subprogram or active program section repeats Counter for current program section repeat 5 3 5 repetitions programmed 3 remaining to be run 7 Operating time PGM 08 Positions and coordinates f Name of main program Active block number 2 Position display 3 Type of position display e g distance to go 4 Angle of a basic rotation HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Programs STAT CYCL DEF cox 264 468 DUELL TIME g Y 198 716 LBL LEL 1 o CALU cg 00 07 40 T HG DRILLING Programs 6 088 G 000 2 6 088 Basic retati 12 357 2 A N a marn V q q PGM 100k Information on tools F T Tool number 2 Tool axis 3 Tool length and radius 4 Oversizes delta values from TOOL CALL block Tool data OL DR 0100 0100 2 m N a Parn V q q Coordinate transformations p Name of main program Active block number 2 Active datum shift Cycle 7 DATUM SHIFT ROTATION 3 3 Active rotation angle Cycle 10 x 126 698 12 506 4 Mirrored axes Cycle 8 l tees MIRROR IM GE 4 HOY 5 Active scaling factor Cycle 11 For further information refer to section 8 6 Coordinate Transforma SCALING tion Cycles 0 999500 Programs STAT A 15 10 1 Introduction 1 5 Accessories HEIDENHAIN 3 D Touch Probes and Electronic Handwheels 3 DTouch Probes With the various HEIDENHAIN 3 D touch probe systems you can Auto
50. tool table you can edit the tool data by moving the cursor to the desired position in the table with the arrow keys see figure at center right You can overwrite the stored values or enter new values at any position The available editing functions are illustrated in the table on the next page C If you edit the tool table parallel to tool change the TNC does not interrupt the program run However the changed data does not become effective until the next tool call To leave the tool table Finish editing the tool table Press the END key Call the file manager and select a file of a different type e g a part program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Tool length Tool radius Manual operation Tool length A 1 2 3 4 5 6 T a g 47 i 5 2 Tool Data mn 5 2 Tool Data Take the value from the position display Select previous page in table 2nd soft key row Select next page in table 2nd soft key row Move the highlight one column to the left Move the highlight one column to the right Delete incorrect numerical value re establish preset value Re establish the last value stored Move the highlight back to beginning of line 48 ACTUAL POS a a D D me 7a D gi m m i Z o 7d a i 0o B 5 Programming Tools Calling tool data A TOOL CALL block in the part program is defined with the following data TOOL Select the tool call function with the TOOL CALL CALL key To
51. touch probe toa position nearer the model Arithmetical error You have calculated with non permissible values Define values within the range limits Choose probe positions for the 3 D touch probe that are farther apart Path offset wrongly ended Do not cancel tool radius compensation in a block with a circular path Path offset wrongly started Use the same radius compensation before and after an RND and CHF block Do not begin tool radius compensation in a block with a circular path HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 229 N O N N O LU Q gt N B O N N O U Q gt q CYCL incomplete BLK FORM definition incorrect Plane wrongly defined Wrong axis programmed Wrong RPM Chamfer not permitted Faulty program data Gross positioning error No editing of running program Circle end pos incorrect Circle center undefined Label number not found Scaling factor not permitted PGM section cannot be shown Radius comp undefined Rounding not permitted Rounding radius too large 230 Define the cycles with all data in the proper sequence Do not call the coordinate transformation cycles Define the cycle before calling it Enter a pecking depth other than 0 Program the MIN and MAX points according to the Instructions Choose a ratio of sides that is less than 200 1 Do not change the tool axis while a basic rotation is active Correctly define
52. tric TUNCTIONS nadie If then conditions jumps JUMP DIVERSE Other functions FUNCTION Entering Formulas Directly FORMULA 10 2 Part Families Q Parameters in Place of Numerical Values The O parameter function FNO ASSIGN assigns numerical values to Q parameters This enables you to use variables in the program instead of fixed numerical values Example NC blocks 10 2 Part Families You need write only one program for a whole family of parts entering the characteristic dimensions as O parameters To program a particular part you then assign the appropriate values to the individual Q parameters Example Cylinder with Q parameters Cylinder radius Ro 0I Cylinder height A 02 Cylinder Z1 Q1 30 Q2 10 Cylinder Z2 Q1 10 Q2 50 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Q2 Q1 161 10 3 Describing Se our Through Mathematical Functions 10 3 Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations The Q parameters listed below enable you to program basic mathematical functions in a part program To select the Q parameter function press the PARAMETER FUNCTIONS soft key The Q parameter functions are displayed in a soft key row To select the mathematical functions Press the BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key The TNC then displays the following soft keys FNO ASSIGN Example FNO O5 60 Assigns a numerical value FN1 ADDITION Example FN1 Q1 Q2 5 Calculates and assigns t
53. 212 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 ki Tapping rigid 106 with a floating tap holder 105 Teach in 59 Technical specifications 227 Test run execution 191 overview 190 up toa certain block 191 ING 310 2 TNCremo 214 Tool change 49 Tool compensation length 51 radius 51 Tool data calling 49 delta values 46 entering into tables 47 entering into the program 46 Tool length 45 Tool movements entering 59 overview 68 programming 37 Tool number 45 Tool radius 46 Tool table available input data 47 editing functions 48 50 editing 47 leaving 47 selecting 47 Traverse range limits 217 Traversing the reference points 14 Trigonometry 164 Unit of measure selecting 35 Unit of measure 216 Universal drilling 101 User parameters general 220 for 3 D touch probes 222 for electronic handwheels 225 for external data transfer 221 for machining and program run 224 for TNC displays TNC editor 222 machine specific 216 View in 3 planes 187 Visual display unit 3 Workpiece positions absolute 29 incremental 29 relative 29 Index M00 M01 M02 M03 M04 M05 M06 M08 M09 M13 M14 M30 M89 M90 M91 M92 M93 M94 M97 M98 M99 Stop program run spindle STOP coolant OFF Optional Program Run Interruption Stop program Spindle STOP Coolant OFF Clear status display depending on machine parameter Go to block 1 Spindle
54. Approach starting point in the machining plane E Move to setup clearance above the workpiece surface Q203 tool axis 2 From this position the TNC executes the last defined fixed cycle 3 The tool then approaches the starting point for the next machining operation on a straight line at set up clearance or 2nd set up clearance 4 This process 1 to 3 is repeated until all machining operations have been executed Q217 gt Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the pitch circle in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the pitch circle in the secondary axis of the working plane Pitch circle diameter Q244 Diameter of the pitch circle Starting angle Q245 absolute value Angle between the main axis of the working plane and the starting point for the first machining operation on the pitch circle gt Stopping angle Q246 absolute value Angle between the main axis of the working plane and the starting point for the last machining operation on the pitch circle Do not enter the same value for the stopping angle and starting angle If you enter the stopping angle greater than the starting angle machining will be carried out counterclockwise otherwise machining will be clockwise HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 127 8 4 ii for Machining Hole Patterns Stepping angle Q247 incremental value Angle between two machining operations on a p
55. Corner as datum using points that were already probed for a basic rotation see figure at center right PROBING Select the touch probe function Press the PROBING P soft key TOUCH POINTS OF BASIC ROTATION PressYES to transfer the touch point coordinates to memory Position the touch probe at a starting position near the first touch point of the side that was not probed for basic rotation Select the probe direction Select the axis with an arrow key To probe the workpiece press the NC START button Position the touch probe near the second touch point on the same side To probe the workpiece press the NC START button Datum Enter both datum coordinates into the menu window and confirm your entry with the ENT key To terminate the probe function press the END key Corner as datum without using points that were already probed for a basic rotation PROBING 206 Select the touch probe function Press the PROBING P soft key Touch points of basic rotation Press NO to ignore the previous touch points The dialog question only appears if a basic rotation was made previously Probe both workpiece sides twice Enter the coordinates of the datum and confirm your entry with ENT To terminate the probe function press the END key Y 12 3 D Touch Probes Circle center as datum With this function the centers of bore holes circular pockets Y cylinders studs circu
56. E Program tapping cycle E For safety reasons pre positioning should be done first of all in the main plane and then in the spindle axis 08 Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Cycle definition for tapping Approach hole 1 in the machining plane Pre position in the tool axis Approach hole 2 in the machining plane Retract in the tool axis end program 8 Programming Cycles 8 3 Cycles for Milling Pockets Studs and Slots 4 POCKET MILLING rectangular 4 Roughing cycle without automatic pre positioning 212 POCKET FINISHING rectangular Finishing cycle with automatic pre positioning and 2nd set up clearance 213 STUD FINISHING rectangular Finishing cycle with automatic pre positioning and 2nd set up clearance illing Pockets Studs and Slots 5 CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING 5 Roughing cycle without automatic pre positioning 214 CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING Finishing cycle with automatic pre positioning and 2nd set up clearance Oo Q 215 CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING 215 RS Finishing cycle with automatic pre positioning and reve 2nd set up clearance 3 SLOT MILLING 3 Roughing finishing cycle without automatic pre positioning vertical downfeed 210 SLOT WITH RECIPROCATING PLUNGE CUT Roughing finishing cycle with automatic pre positioning and reciprocating plunge cut 211 CIRCULAR SLOT 211 Roughing finishing cycle with auto
57. ENHAIN TNC 310 Vil Contents Contents 10 1 10 2 10 3 10 4 10 5 10 6 10 7 10 8 10 9 Principle and Overview 160 Part Families OQ Parameters in Place of Numerical Values 161 Describing Contours through Mathematical Operations 162 Trigonometric Functions 164 lf Then Decisions with Q Parameters 165 Checking and Changing O Parameters 166 Additional Functions 167 Entering Formulas Directly 173 Preassigned O Parameters 176 10 10 Programming Examples 178 Example Ellipse 178 Example Concave cylinder machined with spherical cutter 180 Example Convex sphere machined with end mill 182 11 1 11 2 11 3 11 4 11 5 Graphics 186 Test run 190 Program Run 192 BlockwiseTransfer Running Longer Programs 199 Optional Program Run Interruption 200 VIII 12 1 Touch Probe Cycles in the Manual Operation Mode 202 Calibrating a touch trigger probe 203 Compensating workpiece misalignment 204 12 2 Setting the Datum with a 3 DTouch Probe 205 12 3 Measuring Workpieces with a 3 DTouch Probe 208 Contents 13 1 Selecting Changing and Exiting the MOD Functions 212 13 2 System Information 212 13 3 Entering the Code Number 213 13 4 Setting the Data Interface 213 13 5 Machine Specific User Parameters 216 13 6 Position DisplayTypes 216 13 7 Unit of Measurement 216 13 8 Axis Traverse Limits
58. Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and DEP LCT soft key DEP LCT Enter the coordinates of the end point Py Radius R of the arc Always enter R as a positive value Example NC blocks HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Last contour element Pe with radius compensation Coordinates Py arc radius 10 mm Retract in Z return to block 1 end program 67 proach and Departure Sums Oo q c e Q 6 4 Path Contours M osian Coordinates 6 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates Overview of path functions CHamFer ne Circle Center Circle Bie Circle by Radius CR A Circle Tangential Circle Tangential Ae Corner RouNDing Al o a IN 68 Straight line Chamfer between two straight lines No tool movement Circular arc around a circle center CC to an arc end point Circular arc with a certain radius Circular arc with tangential connection to the preceding contour element Circular arc with tangential connection to the preceding and subsequent contour elements Coordinates of the straight line end point Chamfer side length Coordinates of the circle center or pole Coordinates of the arc end point direction of rotation Coordinates of the arc end point arc radius direction of rotation Coordinates of the arc end point Rounding off radius R 6 Programming Programming Contours Straight line L The tool moves on a straight line from its
59. O p N shes O ees N S gt Q 8 5 Cycles for multipass milling The TNC offers two cycles for machining surfaces with the following characteristics Flat rectangular surfaces Flat oblique angled surfaces Surfaces that are inclined in any way Twisted surfaces 230 MULTIPASS MILLING 230 g For flat rectangular surfaces 231 RULED SURFACE 231 if For oblique inclined or twisted surfaces MULTIPASS MILLING Cycle 230 1 From the current position the TNC positions the tool in rapid traverse in the working plane to the starting position i During this movement the TNC also offsets the tool by its radius to the left and upward 2 The tool then moves in FMAX in the tool axis to set up clearance From there it approaches the programmed starting position in the tool axis at the feed rate for plunging 3 The tool subsequently advances to the stopping point 2 at the feed rate for milling 2 The stopping point is calculated from the programmed starting point the programmed length and the tool radius 4 The TNC offsets the tool to the starting point in the next pass at the stepover feed rate The offset is calculated from the programmed width and the number of cuts 5 The tool then returns in the negative X direction 6 Multipass milling is repeated until the programmed surface has been completed 7 At the end of the cycle the tool is retracted in FMAX to set up clearance
60. ON clockwise Spindle ON counterclockwise Spindle STOP Tool change Stop program run depending on machine parameter Spindle STOP Coolant ON Coolant OFF Spindle ON clockwise coolant ON Spindle ON counterclockwise Coolant ON Same function as M02 Vacant miscellaneous function or Cycle call modally effective depending on machine parameter Only in lag mode Constant contouring speed at corners Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to machine datum Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to position defined by machine tool builder such as tool change position Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the current tool position Reduce display of rotary axis to value under 360 Machine small contour steps Machine open contours completely Blockwise cycle call 87 200 87 87 87 87 87 87 95 89 87 87 92 90 91 95 Miscellaneous functions HEIDENHAIN DR JOHANNES HEIDENHAIN GmbH Dr Johannes Heldenhain Strafge 5 83301 Traunreut Germany 49 8669 31 0 49 8669 5061 E Mail info heidenhain de Technical support 49 8669 31 1000 E Mail service heidenhain de Measuring systems 49 8669 31 3104 E Mail service ms support heidenhain de TNC support gt 49 8669 31 3101 E Mail service nc support heidenhain de NC programming 49 8669 31 3103 E Mail service nc ogm heidenhain de PLC programming 49 8669 31 3102 E Mail se
61. T Generate interactive graphics blockwise Additional functions are listed in the table at right Interrupt interactive graphics To erase the graphic This soft key only appears while the gt GRA AUTO ORAL CLEAR GRAPHICS START START SINGLE RESET START M5 9 START SINGLE START STOP gt TNC generates the interactive graphics Shift the soft key row see figure at right Delete graphic Press CLEAR GRAPHIC soft key GRAPHICS HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 3 4 4 Interactive Progra Graphics Magnifying or reducing a detail Programming and editing t You can select the graphics display by selecting a detail with the ALEAT frame overlay You can now magnify or reduce the selected detail caer ie ca Select the soft key row for detail magnification reduction a ae eee Q last row see figure at right TOOL DEF 178 L 8 R 21 The following functions are available a phen ce L 50 RR FSG WINDOW BLK FORM L 198 Y 50 5 DETAIL Reduce the frame overlay press and 4 hold the soft key to reduce the detail Move the frame overlay to the left Press and hold the soft key Move the frame overlay to the right Press and hold the arrow to the right soft key Enlarge the frame overlay press and SS hold the soft key to magnify the detail 4 4 Interactive Programm Sanat Confirm the selected section with the WINDOW DETAIL DETAIL soft key With the WINDOW BLK FORM
62. Tool number Tool number Special tool with large radius requiring more than one Special tool pocket ST If your special tool takes up pockets in front of and behind its actual pocket these additional pockets need to be locked status L Fixed tool number Fixed pocket The tool is always returned to the same pocket Locked pocket Locked pocket Information on this tool pocket that is to be PLC status sent to the PLC 5 Programming Tools 5 3 Tool Compensation The TNC adjusts the spindle path in the tool axis by the compensation value for the tool length In the working plane it compensates the tool radius If you are writing the part program directly on the TNC the tool radius compensation is effective only in the working plane Tool length compensation Length compensation becomes effective automatically as soon as a tool is called and the tool axis moves To cancel length compensation call a tool with the length L 0 C If you cancel a positive length compensation with TOOL CALL O the distance between tool and workpiece will be reduced After TOOL CALL the path of the tool in the tool axis as entered in the part program is adjusted by the difference between the length of the previous tool and that of the new one For tool length compensation the TNC takes the delta values trom the TOOL CALL block into account Compensation value L DLtoor cat Where L is the tool length L from the TOOL DEF block or to
63. ULAR POCKET MILLING Cycle 5 114 CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING Cycle 214 116 CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING Cycle 215 117 SLOT MILLING Cycle 3 119 SLOT with reciprocating plunge cut Cycle 210 120 CIRCULAR SLOT with reciprocating plunge cut Cycle 211 122 Example Milling pockets studs and slots 124 VI Contents 8 4 Cycles for Machining Hole Patterns 126 CIRCULAR PATTERN Cycle 220 127 LINEAR PATTERN Cycle 221 128 Example Circular hole patterns 130 8 5 Cycles for multipass milling 132 MULTIPASS MILLING Cycle 230 132 RULED SURFACE Cycle 231 134 Example Multipass milling 136 8 6 CoordinateTransformation Cycles 137 DATUM SHIFT Cycle 7 138 DATUM SHIFT with datum tables Cycle 7 138 MIRROR IMAGE Cycle 8 140 ROTATION Cycle 10 141 SCALING FACTOR Cycle 11 142 Example Coordinate transformation cycles 143 8 7 Special Cycles 145 DWELLTIME Cycle 9 145 PROGRAM CALL Cycle 12 145 ORIENTED SPINDLE STOP Cycle 13 146 9 1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 148 9 2 Subprograms 148 9 3 Program Section Repeats 149 9 4 Nesting 151 Subprogram within a subprogram 151 Repeating program section repeats 152 Repeating a subprogram 153 Example Milling a contour in several infeeds 154 Example Groups of holes 155 Example Groups of holes with several tools 156 HEID
64. YCL DEF 7 0 DATUM SHIFT 78 CYCL DEF 7 0 42000 00 Cancellation Call a datum shift to the coordinates X 0 Y 0 etc from a datum table Execute a datum shift to the coordinates X 0 Y 0 etc directly via cycle definition Selecting a datum table in the part program With the SEL TABLE function you select the table from which the TNC takes the datums To select the functions for program call press the stirs PGM CALL key Press the DATUM TABLE soft key Enter the name of the datum table then confirm with the END key Editing a datum table Select the datum table in the PROGRAMMING AND EDITING mode of operation To call the file manager press the PGM MGT key we see section 4 2 File Management for more information Move the highlight to any datum table Confirm with the ENT key File editing See the Editing functions table To leave a datum table Call the file manager and select a file of a different type e g a part program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 r Coordinate Transformations E Select the axis Scroll downwards line by line DGO Scroll upwards line by line Go to the previous page Go to the previous page Move one word to the right Move one word to the left Confirm current position e g for the Z axis ACT POS V m N s lg lt aB eZ oO oO m m Enter the number of lines to be inserted INSERT N LINES DELETE Delete and temporarily store a line a INSERT Ins
65. agement When you write a part program on the TNC you must first enter a file name The TNC then stores the program as a file with the same name You can also store tables as Tiles File names The name of a file can have up to 8 characters When you store programs and tables as files the TNC adds an extension to the file name separated by a point This extension identifies the file type see table at right 35720 JF File name File type The TNC can manage up to 64 files Their total size however must not exceed 128 MB Working with the file manager This section informs you about the meaning of the individual screen information and describes how to select files If you are not yet familiar with the TNC file manager we recommend that you read this section completely and test the individual functions on your TNC Calling the file manager PGM MGT The window shows all of the files 1 that are stored in the TNC Each file is shown with additional information that is illustrated in the table on the next page Press the PGM NAME soft key the TNC displays the file management window HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 J4 O c Programs in HEIDENHAIN conversational format H N q Table for Tools Di Table for Datums D FILE NAME Name with up to 8 characters and file type Number following the name File size in bytes Status Properties of the file M Program is in a Program Run mode o
66. am section repeat Infeed depth in incremental values in the open Approach contour Point 2 first straight line for corner 2 Insert radius with R 10 mm teed rate 150 mm min Move to point 3 Move to point 4 Move to point 5 Move to point 6 Move to point 7 Move to last contour point 1 Depart contour Return jump to LBL 1 section is repeated a total of 4 times Retract in the tool axis end program 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats program E Call the group of holes subprogram 1 E Program the group of holes only once in subprogram 1 Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Cycle definition drilling Move to starting point for group 1 Call the subprogram for the group Move to starting point for group 2 Call the subprogram for the group Move to starting point for group 3 Call the subprogram for the group End of main program T m J m Z T 2 Fs O 155 9 5 Programming Examples 9 5 Programming Examples a Beginning of subprogram 1 Group of holes 1st hole Move to 2nd hole call cycle Move to 3rd hole call cycle Move to 4th hole call cycle End of subprogram 1 im a D 3 T D re D 3 D m Program the fixed cycles in the main program Call the entire hole pattern subprogram 1 E Approach the groups of holes in subprogram 1 call group of holes subprogram 2 E Program the group of holes o
67. ame radius Smaller arc CCA lt 180 Enter the radius with a positive sign R gt 0 Larger arc CCA gt 180 Enter the radius with a negative sign R lt 0 The direction of rotation determines whether the arc is curving outward convex or curving Inward concave Convex Direction of rotation DR with radius compensation RL Concave Direction of rotation DR with radius compensation RL Example NC blocks See figures at middle and lower right Please observe the notes on the next page 72 6 Programming Programming Contours KE The distance from the starting and end points of the arc diameter cannot be greater than the diameter of the arc The maximum possible radius is 30 m Circular path CT with tangential connection The tool moves on an arc that starts at a tangent with the previously programmed contour element A transition between two contour elements is called tangential when there is no kink or corner at the intersection between the two contours the transition is smooth The contour element to which the tangential arc connects must be programmed immediately before the CT block This requires at least two positioning blocks Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key 2nd soft key row CT d Enter the coordinates of the arc end point Further entries if necessary Feed rate F Miscellaneous function M Example NC blocks KE A tangent
68. and Editing mode of operation Call up the file manager Press the PGM NAME MGT soft key 3056 Enter the new program number and confirm your entry with the ENT key Select the default setting for unit of measurement mm Press the ENT key or D Switch to inches Press the MM INCH soft key INCH and confirm with ENT HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 35 N z O ba A D 4 3 Creating and N z re O O pe am 5 4 3 Creating and Define the blank Open the dialog for blank definition Press the FORM BLK FORM soft key Enter the spindle axis Enter in sequence the X Y and Z coordinates of ex the MIN point 100 Enter in sequence the X Y and Z coordinates of the MAX point 100 i The program blocks window shows the following BLK FORM definition The TNC automatically generates the block numbers as well as the BEGIN and END blocks oO Programming and editing Def BLK FORM max corner A BEGIN PGM 145 MM 1 BLK FORM 1 2 X Y 2 BLK FORM 0 2 X 166 1606 3 er Eo END PGM 145 MM Program begin name unit of measure Tool axis MIN point coordinates MAX point coordinates Program end name unit of measure 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids Programming tool movements in conversational format To program a block initiate the dialog by pressing a soft key In the screen headline the TNC then a
69. ar to a contour point dk dg APPR CT DEP CT Circular arc with tangential connection SF AS Circular arc with tangential connection to oer the contour Approach and departure to an auxiliary point outside of the contour on a tangentially connecting line Approaching and departing a helix The tool approaches and departs a helix on its extension by moving in a circular arc that connects tangentially to the contour You program helix approach and departure with the APPR CT and DEP CT functions Important positions for approach and departure Starting point Ps You program this position in the block before the APPR block Ps lies outside the contour and is approached without radius compensation RO Auxiliary point Py Some of the paths for approach and departure go through an auxiliary point Py that the TNC calculates from your input in the APPR or DEP block First contour point Pa and last contour point Pe You program the first contour point Pa in the APPR block The last contour point Pe can be programmed with any path function If the APPR block also contains a Z axis coordinate the TNC will first move the tool to Py in the working plane and then move it to the entered depth in the tool axis End point Py The position Py lies outside of the contour and results from your input in the DEP block If the DEP block also contains a Z axis coordinate the TNC will first move the tool to Py in the working plane and then move it t
70. as circular or linear patterns PATTERN DEF cycles Press the soft key for the desired group of cycles for example DRILLING for the drilling cycles eneral Information on Cycles DRILLING Cycles for face milling of flat or ERAS twisted surfaces MILLING 200 Select a cycle e g DRILLING The TNC initiates the T EIE ASA programming dialog and asks all required input pecial cycles Such as awe time specia values At the same time a graphic of the input program call and oriented spindle stop parameters is displayed in the right screen window The parameter that is asked for in the dialog prompt is highlighted Select the screen layout PROGRAM HELP GRAPHIC Programming and editing Enter all parameters asked by the TNC and zei up Clearance conclude each entry with the ENT key et es eae The TNC terminates the dialog when all required i E data have been entered 14 CYCL DEF 2060 DRILLING Ec E SET UP CLE 2761 70 4DEPTH Example NC blocks Q2686 150 FEED RATE FOR P Q 0 5 PLUNGING DEPTH Q210 DWELL TIME AT 15 CR H t5G Y R 80 DR JOL 94 8 Programming Cycles Calling the Cycle The following cycles become effective automatically as soon as they are defined in the part program These cycles cannot and must not be called m Cycles for circular and linear hole patterns Coordinate transformation cycles E DWELL TIME cycle All other cycles are called as described below If the TNC is to
71. at the same time depending on machine parameter 7410 to the dimensions in cycles to the parallel axes U V VW Prerequisite It is advisable to set the datum to an edge or a corner of the contour before enlarging or reducing the contour 11 Scaling factor Enter the scaling factor SCL The Fa TNC multiplies the coordinates and radii by the SCL factor as described under Activation above Enlargement SCL greater than 1 up to 99 999 999 Reduction SCL less than 1 down to 0 000 001 Cancellation Program the SCALING FACTOR cycle once again with a scaling factor of 1 142 8 Programming Cycles Program sequence E Program the coordinate transformations in the main program E Program the machining operation in subprogram 1 see section 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats I m J mi Z I I Z Z O 2 130 65 65 130 Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Shift datum to center Call milling operation Set label for program section repeat Rotate by 45 incremental Call milling operation Return jump to LBL 10 execute the milling operation six times Reset the rotation Reset the datum shift Retract in the tool axis end program 143 e eo oa O e c xe boa oe e Q efine milling operation ubprogram 1 Al e
72. ate transformations The TNC provides the following coordinate transformation cycles 8 6 oe Coordinate Transformations 7 DATUM SHIFT For shifting contours directly within the program 8 MIRROR IMAGE For mirroring contours 10 ROTATION For rotating contours in the working plane 11 SCALING FACTOR For increasing or reducing the size of contours EEE Effect of coordinate transformations A coordinate transformation becomes effective as soon as it is defined it is not called It remains in effect until it is changed or canceled To cancel coordinate transformations Define cycles for basic behavior with a new value such as scaling factor 1 0 Execute a miscellaneous function M02 M30 or an END PGM block depending on machine parameter 7300 Select a new program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 137 e La 2 Po d O um e c a i Hees e e Q DATUM SHIFT Cycle 7 A datum shift allows machining operations to be repeated at various locations on the workpiece Function When the DATUM shift cycle is defined all coordinate data is based on the new datum The TNC displays the datum shift in each axis in the additional status display 7 Datum shift Enter the coordinates of the new datum Absolute values are referenced to the manually set workpiece datum Incremental values are always referenced to the datum which was last valid this can be a datum which has already been shifted
73. buffer battery then you must replace the batteries The batteries are located in the control housing refer also to your Machine Manual The TNC also has an power storage device that provide the control with current while you are exchanging the batteries for a maximum of 24 hours i To exchange the buffer battery first switch off the TNC The buffer battery must be exchanged only by trained service personnel Battery type Three AA size cells leak proof IEC designation LRG 232 14 Tables and Overviews 3 D touch probe calibrating 203 compensating center misalignment 203 3 D view 188 Accessories 11 Actual position transfer 59 Angle functions 164 Back boring 103 Blank form definition 36 Block buffer 214 Blocks copying 38 deleting 38 editing 38 inserting 38 Blockwise transtfer 199 Boring 100 Buffer battery exchanging 232 Cable for data interface 226 Chamfer 69 Circle center CC 71 Circular hole pattern 127 Circular path 71 72 73 79 80 Circular pocket finishing 116 roughing 114 Circular stud finishing 117 Code number 213 Code numbers 213 Compatibility 2 Compensating workpiece misalignment 204 Constant contouring speed Mg0 89 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Contour approach 60 Contour departure 60 Conversational dialog 37 Conversational format 37 Coordinate transformation overview 137 Corner rounding 74 Cycl
74. by the tool diameter Cutting motion You can freely choose the starting point and thus the milling direction since the TNC always performs the individual cuts from point T to point 2 and the process sequence is executed from point 1 2 to point 8 4 You can position point in any corner of the surface to be machined If you are using an end mill for the machining operation you can optimize the surface finish in the following ways a shaping cut tool axis coordinate of point i greater than tool axis coordinate of point p for slightly inclined surfaces a drawing cut tool axis coordinate of point fil less than tool axis coordinate of point 2 for steep surfaces When milling twisted surfaces program the main cutting direction from point ii to point 2 parallel to the direction of the steeper inclination See figure at center right If you are using a spherical cutter for the machining operation you can optimize the surface finish in the following way When milling twisted surfaces program the main cutting direction from point fl to point 2 perpendicular to the direction of the steeper inclination See figure at lower right 134 8 Programming Cycles C Before programming note the following From the current position the TNC positions the tool in a Z linear 3 D movement to the starting point 1 p Pre position the tool in such a way that no collision between tool and cla
75. can shift the sectional planes with the corresponding soft keys Sj Press the soft key for projection in three planes Wi Shift the soft key row until the TNC displays the following soft keys Shift the vertical sectional plane to the left or to the right Shift the horizontal sectional plane upwards or downwards The positions of the sectional planes are visible during shifting Doo re ee a ae a D T ae ae Oma Oo Ca tO G O DD O O0 0 03 26 13 we HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 187 V i Q g q q q 3 D view The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions and can be rotated about the vertical axis The workpiece is displayed in three dimensions and can be rotated about the vertical axis In the TEST RUN mode of operation you can isolate details for magnification see Magnifying details Press the soft key for 3 D view To rotate the 3 D view Shift the soft key row until the following soft keys appear Rotate the workpiece in 90 steps E E about the vertical axis L nor Magnifying details 03 26 13 ne aaan You can isolate a detail in the TEST RUN operating mode when the 3 D display mode is selected a a a ai e The graphic simulation must first have been stopped A detail m ie ne magnification is always effective in all display modes following soft keys appear Shift the soft key row in the TEST RUN mode of operatio
76. chine axes when an permissive button Is depressed machine dependent function The HR 410 handwheel features the following operating elements f EMERGENCY STOP 2 Handwheel 3 Permissive buttons 4 Axis address keys 5 Actual position capture key 6 Keys for defining the feed rate slow medium fast the feed rates are set by the machine tool builder 7 Direction in which the TNC moves the selected axis 8 Machine function set by the machine tool builder The red indicators show the axis and feed rate you have selected To move an axis K Select the Manual Operation mode 0 Activate handwheel set soft key to ON Press the permissive button xX Select the axis on the handwheel AW Select the feed rate or Move the active axis in the positive or negative direction 16 2 Manual Operation and Setup Incremental jog positioning With incremental jog positioning you can move a machine axis by a preset distance each time you press the corresponding axis direction button w Select the Manual Operation mode e a Select incremental jog positioning set the soft MENT OFF key to ON Enter the jog increment in millimeters here 8 mm Select the jog increment via soft key select 2nd or 3rd soft key row V Press the axis direction button to position as A often as desired HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 17 N gt 2 2 Moving the Machi 2 3 Spindle Speed S Feed
77. cular and a linear Polar radius polar angle of the arc Helix movement end point coordinate of the end point in the tool axis Polar coordinate origin Pole CC You can define the pole CC anywhere in the part program before Y blocks containing polar coordinates Enter the pole in Cartesian coordinates as a circle center in a CC block Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key CC Coordinates CC Enter Cartesian coordinates for Yo the pole or If you want to use the last programmed position do not enter any coordinates 78 6 Programming Programming Contours Straight line LP The tool moves in a straight line from its current position to the straight line end point The starting point is the end point of the preceding block o Select straight line function Press the L soft key L Select entry of polar coordinates Press the P soft P key 2nd soft key row Polar coordinates radius PR Enter the distance from the pole CC to the straight line end point Pola coordinates angle PA Angular position of the Straight line end point between 360 and 360 The sign of PA depends on the angle reference axis Angle from angle reference axis to PR is counterclockwise PA gt 0 Angle from angle reference axis to PR is clockwise PA lt 0 Example NC blocks Circular path CP around pole CC The polar coordinate radius PR is also the radius of the arc It is
78. dius R 0 In tool tables tool O should also be defined with L 0 and R 0 Tool length L There are two ways to determine the tool length L 1 The length L is the difference between the length of the tool and that of a zero tool Lo For the algebraic sign The tool is longer than the zero tool L gt Lo The tool is shorter than the zero tool L lt Lo To determine the length Move the zero tool to the reference position in the tool axis e g workpiece surface with Z 0 Set the datum in the tool axis to O datum setting Insert the desired tool Move the tool to the same reference position as the zero tool The TNC displays the difference between the current tool and the zero tool Enter the value in the TOOL DEF block or in the tool table by pressing the ACTUAL POSITION key 2 f you determine the length L with a tool presetter this value can be entered directly in the TOOL DEF block without further calculations HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 5 2 Tool Data 5 2 Tool Data Tool radius R You can enter the tool radius R directly Delta values for lengths and radii Delta values are offsets in the length and radius of a tool A positive delta value describes a tool oversize DR gt 0 a negative delta value describes a tool undersize DR lt 0O Enter the delta values when you are programming with TOOL CALL Input range You can enter a delta value with up to 99 999 mm Entering tool data into the program
79. e Update the counter Calculate the current X coordinate Calculate the current Y coordinate Move to next point Unfinished If not finished return to LBL 1 Reset the rotation Reset the datum shift Move to setup clearance End of subprogram 179 10 10 Programming Examples 10 10 Programming Examples tool length refers to the sphere center E The contour of the cylinder is approximated by many short line segments defined in Q13 The more line segments you define the smoother the curve becomes E The cylinder is milled in longitudinal cuts here parallel to the Y axis m The machining direction can be altered by changing the entries for the starting and end angles in space Clockwise machining direction starting angle gt end angle Counterclockwise machining direction starting angle lt end angle E The tool radius is compensated automatically 80 Center in X axis Center in Y axis Center in Z axis Starting angle in space Z X plane End angle in space Z X plane Radius of the cylinder Length of the cylinder Rotational position in the X Y plane Allowance for cylinder radius Feed rate for plunging Feed rate for milling Number of cuts Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Call machining operation Reset allowance Call machining operation Retract in the tool axis end program 10 Programming O Paramete
80. e calling 95 defining 94 groups 94 Cylinder 181 Data interface pin Layout 226 setting 213 Data transfer speed 213 Data transfer software 214 Datum selection 30 Datum setting with 3 D touch probe 205 circle center as datum 207 corner as datum 206 in any axis 206 without a 3 D touch probe 19 Datum shift 138 with datum tables 138 Display HELP file 218 Distance to go mode 193 DNC mode 199 Drilling 97 98 101 Dwell time 145 Ellipse 179 Error messages 229 output of 167 Feed rate changing 18 File management calling 31 copying files 32 deleting Tiles 32 file name 31 file type 31 protecting files 32 reading in out Tiles 33 renaming files 32 File status 31 Full circle 71 Graphic simulation 189 Graphics Detail enlargement 188 during programming 39 during test run 186 Views 186 Helical interpolation 81 Helix 81 HELP files running 218 HELP function 41 Hole patterns circular pattern 127 linear 128 overview 126 Interrupting machining 194 Jog positioning 17 Keyboard 4 Index Index M functions See Miscellaneous functions Machine axes moving the with incremental jog positioning 17 with the axis direction keys 15 with the electronic handwheel 16 Machine parameters for 3 D touch probes 222 for external data transfer 221 Machine referenced coordinat
81. e to the preceding contour element Tangent with tangentially connecting circular arc to the preceding contour element 61 6 3 Contour and Departure Approaching on a straight line with tangential connection APPR LT The tool moves on a Straight line from the starting point Ps to an auxiliary point Py It then moves from Pyto the first contour point Pa on a Straight line that connects tangentially to the contour The auxiliary point Py is separated trom the first contour point Pa by the distance LEN Use any path function to approach the starting point Ps PPR LT Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and APPR LT soft key roach and Departure Coordinates of the first contour point Pa LEN Distance from the auxiliary point Py to the first contour point Pa Radius compensation for machining Example NC blocks Approach Ps without radius compensation Py with radius comp RR End point of the first contour element Next contour element Oo q Oo Q t Approaching on a straight line perpendicular to the first contour point APPR LN The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point Ps to an auxiliary point Py It then moves from Pyto the first contour point Pa on a Straight line perpendicular to the first contour element The auxiliary point Py is separated from the first contour point Pa by the distance LEN plus the tool radius Use any path function to approac
82. e working plane to the starting point for machining The TNC takes the workpiece blank diameter and tool radius into account for calculating the starting point If you enter a workpiece blank diameter of 0 the TNC plunge cuts into the pocket center 3 If the tool is at the 2nd set up clearance it moves in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and from there advances to the first plunging depth at the feed rate for plunging 4 The tool then moves tangentially to the contour of the finished part and using climb milling machines one revolution 5 After this the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane 6 This process 4 to 5 is repeated until the programmed depth is reached 7 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool in FMAX to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and finally to the center of the pocket end position starting position i Before programming note the following The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction If you want to clear and finish the pocket with the same tool use a centercut end mill ISO 1641 and enter a low teed rate for plunging Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the too
83. ear movement perpendicular to this plane A helix is programmed only in polar coordinates Application Large diameter internal and external threads Lubrication grooves Calculating the helix To program a helix you must enter the total angle through which the tool is to move on the helix in incremental dimensions and the total height of the helix For calculating a helix that is to be cut in a upward direction you need the following data Thread revolutions n Thread revolutions thread overrun at the start and end of the thread Total height h Thread pitch P x thread revolutions n Incremental Thread revolutions x 360 angle for total angle IPA beginning of thread angle for thread overrun Starting coordinate Z Thread pitch P x thread revolutions thread overrun at start of thread Shape of the helix The table below illustrates in which way the shape of the helix is determined by the work direction direction of rotation and radius compensation Right handed Z DR RL Left handed Z DR RR Right handed Z DR RR Left handed Z DR RL External thread Right handed Z DR RR Left handed Z DR RL Right handed Z DR RL Left handed Z DR RR HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 81 6 5 Path _ Polar Coordinates 6 5 Path contd Polar Coordinates Programming a helix Ce Always enter the same algebraic sign for the direction of rotation DR and the incremental total angle IPA The tool may otherw
84. eed at the end of the slot milling is performed in the opposite direction This process is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached Finishing process 3 The TNC advances the tool at the slot bottom on a tangential arc to the outside contour The tool subsequently climb mills the contour with M3 4 At the end of the cycle the tool is retracted in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance illing Pockets Studs and Slots If the number of infeeds was odd the tool returns to the starting position at the level of the set up clearance C Before programming note the following Program a positioning block for the starting point in the 7 working plane to the center of the slot second side length and within the slot offset by the tool radius with RADIUS COMPENSATION RO Program a positioning block for the starting point in the tool axis set up clearance above the workpiece surface jm Q a Q M The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction Taa Vien This cycle requires a centercut end mill ISO 1641 or pilot drilling at the starting point The cutter diameter must be not be larger than the slot width and not smaller than half the SLOT WIDTH 3 Setup clearance f incremental value Distance between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface Milling depth 2 incremental value Distance be
85. eedforward MP7460 0 000 to 179 999 Maximum contouring speed at a feed rate override setting of 100 in the program run modes MP7470 0 to 99 999 mm min Datums from a datum table are referenced to the MP7475 Workpiece datum 0 Machine datum 1 224 14 Tables and Overviews Electronic handwheels Handwheel type MP7640 Machine without handwheel 0 HR 330 with additional keys _ the handwheel keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the NC 1 HR 130 without additional keys 2 HR 330 with additional keys _ the handwheel keys for traverse direction and rapid traverse are evaluated by the PLC 3 HR 332 with twelve additional keys 4 Multi axis handwheel with additional keys 5 HR 410 with miscellaneous functions 6 e Sem oan 0 Som N _ C Sou c g i HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 225 14 2 Pin Layout and Connecting Cable for the Data Interface RS 232 C V 24 Interface HEIDENHAIN devices HEIDENHAIN devices External HEIDENHAIN RS 422 Adapter HEIDENHAIN device standard cable block connecting cable e g FE 3m max 17 m lt lt _ _ Id Nr 274 545 01 Id Nr 239 758 01 ld Nr 286 998 Y A w Z ep og Transmit Data Receive Data Data Set Ready Signal Ground Data Terminal Ready Clear To Send Request To Send CON OORWNM gt CONOORWN gt 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 OmoOnN OAaBRBWN gt OmoOnNOAaBRBWN gt
86. equal to the depth the plunging depth is greater than the depth The depth does not have to be a multiple of the plunging depth Dwell time at top Q210 Time in seconds that the tool remains at set up clearance after having been retracted from the hole for chip release Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur 98 Ke ay A SY 8 Programming Cycles REAMING Cycle 201 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The tool reams to the entered depth at the programmed feed rate F 3 If programmed the tool remains at the hole bottom for the Q203 entered dwell time 4 The tool then retracts to set up clearance at the feed rate F and from there if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance in FMAX 201 fj Set up clearance Q200 incremental value VAY Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool during reaming in mm min gt Dwell time at depth Q211 Time in seconds that the tool remains at the hole
87. ers and reference marks The machine axes are equipped with position encoders that register the positions of the machine table or tool When a machine axis moves the corresponding position encoder generates an electrical signal The TNC evaluates this signal and calculates the precise actual position of the machine axis If there is an interruption of power the calculated position will no longer correspond to the actual position of the machine slide The CNC can re establish this relationship with the aid of reference marks when power is returned The scales of the position encoders contain one or more reference marks that transmit a signal to the TNC when they are crossed over From the signal the TNC identifies that position as the machine axis reference point and can re establish the assignment of displayed positions to machine axis positions Linear encoders are generally used for linear axes Rotary tables and tilt axes have angle encoders If the position encoders feature distance coded reference marks you only need to move each axis a maximum of 20 mm 0 8 in for linear encoders and 20 for angle encoders to re establish the assignment of the displayed positions to machine axis positions 26 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids hA Mi L X Z Y Reference system A reference system is required to define positions in a plane or in space The position da
88. ert a new line or the line last deleted ne BEGIN Go to the beginning of the table Go to the end of the table m k z 139 E gt Q e e La 2 Po d O um e c a i Tees e e Q Tems MIRROR IMAGE Cycle 8 The TNC can machine the mirror image of a contour in the working plane See figure at upper right Function The MIRROR IMAGE cycle becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation The active mirrored axes are shown in the additional status display If you mirror only one axis the machining direction of the tool is reversed except in fixed cycles If you mirror two axes the machining direction remains the same The result of the mirror image depends on the location of the datum If the datum lies on the contour to be mirrored the element simply flios over see figure at lower right If the datum lies outside the contour to be mirrored the element also jumps to another location see figure at lower right 8 Mirror image Enter the axis you wish to mirror The lt cb gt tool axis cannot be mirrored Cancellation Program the MIRROR IMAGE cycle again without entering an axis 140 8 Programming Cycles ROTATION Cycle 10 The TNC can rotate the coordinate system about the active datum in the working plane within a prog
89. es M91 M92 87 Machining time 190 Main axes 27 Measuring workpieces 208 Mid program startup 197 Mirror image 140 Miscellaneous functions entering 86 for contouring behavior 89 for coordinate data 87 for program run control 87 for rotary axes 92 MOD functions changing 212 exiting 212 selecting 212 Multipass milling 132 Nesting 151 Non controlled axes in the NC program 193 Open contours M98s 91 Operating modes 4 Optional program run stop 200 Parameter programming See Q parameter programming Parentheses calculation 173 Part families 161 Path contours Cartesian coordinates 68 circular path around circle center 1 circular path with defined radius 2 circular path with tangential connection 73 Straight line 69 polar coordinates 78 circular path around pole 79 circular path with tangential connection 80 straight line 79 Path functions fundamentals 57 circles and circular arcs 58 pre positioning 58 Pecking 97 Pin Layout 226 Plan view 187 Polar coordinates fundamentals 28 setting the pole 28 Position display selecting 216 Positioning with manual data input 22 Positioning with MDI 5 22 POSITIP mode 193 Probing cycles 202 Program editing 38 opening 35 structure 34 Program call via cycle 145 Program management See File management Program name See File management File name Program Run
90. execute the cycle once after the last programmed block program the cycle call with the miscellaneous function M99 or with CYCL CALL CYCL Press the CYCL CALL soft key to program a cycle CALL call Enter a miscellaneous function for example for coolant supply If the TNC is to execute the cycle automatically after every positioning block program the cycle call with M89 depending on machine parameter 7440 To cancel M89 enter E M99 or m CYCL CALL or m CYCL DEF HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 95 V a Q e 2 m thos e jem os 8 2 Drilling Cycles The TNC offers 8 cycles for all types of drilling operations 1 PECKING Without automatic pre positioning SS 200 DRILLING With automatic pre positioning and 2nd set up clearance 8 2 Drilling Cycles mi fm a Nea SS 201 REAMING 201 With automatic pre positioning and 2 2nd set up clearance ae SN 202 BORING 202 With automatic pre positioning and BY 2nd set up clearance 203 UNIVERSAL DRILLING 203 With automatic pre positioning GH 2nd setup clearance chip breaking and decrement 204 BACK BORING 204 With automatic pre positioning ZA 2nd set up clearance 2 TAPPING With a floating tap holder 17 RIGID TAPPING Without a floating tap holder 96 8 Programming Cycles PECKING Cycle 1 1 The tool drills from the current position to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate
91. f operation P File is protected against editing and erasure Protected Program se on Fi ecti ile name 187 m N G O e e 010 ON OOP o e eh OM b b OM amp 0 ON go l H H H H H H H H H H H 31 Selecting a file Deleting a file Move the highlight to the file you want to delete Calling the file manager DELETE To select the erasing function a press the DELETE soft key The TNC inquires whether you really intend to erase the file q O c Use the arrow keys to move the highlight to the desired Tile To confirm erasure Press the YES Move the highlight up or down Abort G the NO key if you do not wish to erase the Enter the first or more numbers of the file you wish to select and f then press the GOTO key The highlight moves to the first file that Protecting a file Canceling file matches these numbers protection Move the highlight to the file you want to protect The selected file is opened in the operating ere To enable file protection press the mode from which you have the called file PROTECT UNPROTECT soft key manager Press ENT The file now has status P You also need to enter the code number 86357 To cancel file protection enter the code number 86357 Copying a file Move the highlight to the file you wish to copy COPY Press the COPY soft key to select the copying asc x z function Enter the name of the destina
92. feed rate during program run with the feed rate override knob Spindle speed S The spindle speed S is entered in revolutions per minute rom in a TOOL CALL block Programmed change In the part program you can change the spindle speed in a TOOL CALL block by entering the spindle speed only TOOL To program a tool call press the CALL TOOL CALL soft key 8rd soft key row Ignore the dialog question for Tool number with the right arrow key Ignore the dialog question for Working spindle axis X Y Z 2 with the right arrow key Enter the new spindle speed for the dialog question Spindle speed S Changing during program run You can adjust the spindle speed during program run with the spindle speed override knob 44 5 Programming Tools 5 2 Tool Data You usually program the coordinates of path contours as they are dimensioned in the workpiece drawing To allow the TNC to calculate the tool center path i e the tool compensation you must also enter the length and radius of each tool you are using N S ae DP aL Po fie AL gt 0 Tool data can be entered either directly in the part program with TOOL DEF or and separately in tool tables The TNC will consider all of the data entered when executing the part program Tool number Each tool is identified by a number between 0 and 254 T The tool number O is automatically defined as the zero tool with the length L 0 and the ra
93. ft program blocks right positions and PGM Coordinates STATUS Left program blocks right tool PGM tools STATUS Left program blocks right coordinate PGM transformations E Left program blocks right help graphics for PE cycle programming 2nd soft key level FIGURE Programming and Editing Programming and editing are In this mode of operation you can write your part programs The a ie various cycles help you with programming and add necessary BLK FORM 1 Z K G Y Z gt lt BLK FORM 2 100 Y 100 amp information If desired you can have the programming graphics an CLEAR show the individual steps L x 5a Y 50 Z 109 RB FMA gt pu TOOL DEF 170 L B R 21 TOOL CALL 170 5600 E g START Soft keys for selecting the screen layout Eee TA ee REFAN L 50 RR FSG L 100 Y 5 0 START 0 RNO R26 SINGLE z O ACTL W RESET START M57 9 Program PROGRAM Left program blocks right help graphics for E cycle programming FIGURE PGM Left program blocks right programming graphics eee Interactive Programming Graphics GRAPHICS HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 5 1 3 Modes of Oper Test run In the Test Run mode of operation the TNC checks programs and program sections for errors such as geometrical incompatibilities missing or incorrect data within the program or violations of the work space This simulation is supported graphically in different display modes Use a soft key to activate the test run
94. fter ROTATION ANGLE whenever PROBING ROT is selected The TNC also displays the rotation angle in the additional status display STATUS POS In the status display a symbol is shown for a basic rotation whenever the TNC is moving the axes according to a basic rotation To cancel a basic rotation Select the probing function by pressing the PROBING ROT soft key Enter a rotation angle of zero and confirm with the ENT key To terminate the probe function press the END key 12 2 Setting the Datum with a 3 D Touch Probe The following functions are available for setting the datum on an aligned workpiece Datum setting in any axis with PROBING POS Defining a corner as datum with PROBING P Setting the datum ata circle center with PROBING CC HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 205 2 Oo S 0 Q Q m q A E re O i E 2 eo Som 0 E Q o Q o J A re O i i To set the datum in any axis see figure at upper right PROBING POS To select the touch probe function Press the PROBING POS soft key Move the touch probe to a starting position near the touch point Select the probe axis and direction in which you wish to set the datum such as Z In direction Z Selection is made with the arrow keys To probe the workpiece press the NC START button Datum Enter the nominal coordinate and confirm you entry with ENT
95. functions and working steps that you need to machine a workpiece Manual Operation and Electronic Handwheel Manual operation The Manual Operation mode is required for setting up the machine tool In this operating mode you can position the machine axes manually or by increments Datums can be set by the usual scratching method or by using the TS 220 triggering touch probe The TNC also supports the manual traverse of the machine axes using a HR electronic handwheel Soft keys for selecting the screen layout Positions POSITION Left positions right general POSITION i i PGM program information STATUS Left positions right positions and _ a asc agente Bee Left positions right st STATUS i information on ais tools Lett positions right POSITION coordinate ae transformations 4 1 Introduction Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI The operating mode Positioning with Manual Data Input is particularly convenient for simple machining operations or pre positioning of the tool You can write the a short program in D HEIDENHAIN conversational programming and execute it Q immediately You can also call TNC cycles The program is stored in O the file MDI In the operating mode Positioning with MDI the en additional status displays can also be activated N Soft keys for selecting the screen layout Screenwindows Sf key z M q Left program blocks right general PGM program information T Le
96. g between the individual lines gt Number of columns Q242 Number of machining operations on a line QO x 00 Number of lines 0243 Number of passes gt Angle of rotation 0224 absolute value Angle by which the entire pattern is rotated The center of rotation lies in the starting point gt Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface gt Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface Z 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices Q203 can occur HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 129 Hole Patterns ining E Q b At 30 Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Cycle definition drilling Setup clearance Depth Feed rate for drilling Plunging depth Dwell time at top Surface coordinate 2nd set up clearance 8 Programming Cycles HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Define cycle for circular pattern 1 CYCL 200 is called automatically Q200 Q203 and Q204 are effective as defined in Cycle 220 Define cycle for circular pattern 2 CYCL 200 is called automatically Q200 Q203 and Q204 are effective as defined in Cycle 220 Retract in the tool axis end program 131 Hole Patterns ining E ox Sess Oo t
97. g corners without radius compensation If you program the tool movement without radius compensation you can change the tool path and feed rate at workpiece corners with the miscellaneous function M90 See 7 4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior 54 5 Programming Tools al of Tool Movements gt O ae To 6 1 Overview of Tool Movements Path functions A workpiece contour is usually composed of several contour elements such as straight lines and circular arcs With the path functions you can program the tool movements for straight lines and circular arcs Miscellaneous functions M With the TNC s miscellaneous functions you can affect Program run e g a program interruption Machine functions such as switching spindle rotation and coolant supply on and off Contouring behavior of the tool Subprograms and program section repeats If a machining sequence occurs several times in a program you can save time and reduce the chance of programming errors by entering the sequence once and then defining it as a subprogram or program section repeat If you wish to execute a specific pro gram section only under certain conditions you also define this machining sequence as a subprogram In addition you can have a part program call a separate program for execution How subprograms and program section repeats are used in programming is described in Chapter 9 56
98. gnated as A B and C The illustration shows the assignment of secondary axes and rotary axes to the main axes HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 27 4 1 A ontals of NC Polar coordinates If the production drawing is dimensioned in Cartesian coordinates you also write the part program using Cartesian coordinates For parts containing circular arcs or angles it is often simpler to give the dimensions in polar coordinates While the Cartesian coordinates X Y and Z are three dimensional and can describe points in space polar coordinates are two dimensional and describe points in a plane Polar coordinates have their datum at a circle center CC or pole A position in a plane can be clearly defined by the Polar Radius the distance from the circle center CC to the position and the Polar Angle the size of the angle between the reference axis and the line that connects the circle center CC with the position See figure at lower right Definition of pole and angle reference axis The pole is set by entering two Cartesian coordinates in one of the three planes These coordinates also set the reference axis for the polar angle PA XY X ara Y ZX Z 28 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids Absolute and relative workpiece positions Absolute workpiece positions Absolute coordinates are position coordinates that are referenced to the dat
99. h the starting point Ps Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and APPR LN soft key APPR LN Coordinates of the first contour point Pa mt Length Distance from the auxiliary point P to the first contour point Pa Always enter LEN as a positive value Radius compensation RR RL for machining Example NC blocks Approach Ps without radius compensation Pa with radius comp RR distance Py to Pa LEN 15 End point of the first contour element Next contour element 2 6 Programming Programming Contours Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection APPR CT The tool moves on a straight line from the starting point Ps to an auxiliary point Py It then moves from Py to the first contour point Pa following a circular arc that is tangential to the first contour element The arc from Py to Pa is determined through the radius R and the center angle CCA The direction of rotation of the circular arc is automatically derived from the tool path for the first contour element Use any path function to approach the starting point Ps Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and APPR CT soft key APPR CT Coordinates of the first contour point Pa ine Center angle CCA of the arc CCA can be entered only as a positive value Maximum input value 360 Radius R of the circular arc If the tool should approach the workpiece in the direction defined by the radius compensation Enter R as a positive value If t
100. hanged terminate the dialog with the END key 166 10 Programming Q Parameters 10 7 Additional Functions Errorcodeandtext __ O Z 7 1000 Spindle Press the DIVERSE FUNCTION soft key to call the additional 1001 Tool axis is missing functions The TNC then displays the following soft keys 1002 Slot width too large ES 1003 Tool radius too Taras 1004 Range exceeded 87S DATUM READ 1012 Wrong sign programmed 1013 Entered angle not permitted FN19 PLC cag 1014 Touch point inaccessible Transfer values to the PLC PLC 1015 Too many points 1016 Contradictory entry 1017 CYCL incomplete FN14 ERROR 1018 Plane wrongly defined 1019 Wrong axis programmed 1020 Incorrect RPM With the function FN14 ERROR you can call messages under 1021 Radius comp undefined program control The messages were preprogrammed by the 1022 Rounding off undefined machine tool builder or by HEIDENHAIN The program must then be 1023 restarted The error numbers and the associated texts are listed In Read system data FN14 ERROR 1005 Start position incorrect Display error messages 2 1006 Rotation not permitted 1007 Scaling factor not permitted FN15 PRINT 1008 Mirroring not permitted Unformatted output of texts or Q parameter values PRINT 1009 Datum shift not permitted 1010 Feed rate is missing FN18 SYS DATUM READ 1011 Entry value incorrect Display error messages Rounding radius too large the table at right 1024 Program start undefined 1025 Exces
101. he Starting point for machining The starting point lies to the right of the stud by a distance approx 3 5 times the tool radius 3 If the tool is at the 2nd set up clearance it moves in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and from there advances to the first plunging depth at the feed rate for plunging 4 The tool then moves tangentially to the contour of the finished part and using climb milling machines one revolution 5 After this the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane 6 This process 4 to 5 is repeated until the programmed depth is reached 7 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool in FMAX to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and finally to the center of the stud end position starting position HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 117 8 3 Cycle a i Pockets Studs and Slots 8 3 Cycle Mo Pockets Studs and Slots 118 Before programming note the following The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction If you want to clear and finish the stud with the same tool use a centercut end mill ISO 1641 and enter a low feed rate for plunging Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of stud Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing s
102. he first time you will be asked for the type of control you have connected the interface COM1 or COM2 and the data transfer speed Enter the necessary information Data transfer between the TNC 310 and TNCremo Ensure that The TNC 310 is connected to the correct serial port on your PC The data transfer speed set on the TNC is the same as that set on TNCremo Once you have started TNCremo you will see a list of all of the files that are stored in the active directory on the left of the window Using the menu items lt Directory gt lt Change gt you can change the active directory or select another directory To start data transfer from the TNC see 4 2 File Management select lt Connect gt lt File server gt TNCremo is now ready to receive data EndTNCremo Select the menu items lt File gt lt Exit gt or press the key combination ALT X C Refer also to the TNCremo help texts where all of the functions are explained in more detail HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 215 13 4 Setting the Data Interface 13 5 Machine Specific User Parameters position display 13 7 Select Units of Measure O N oe 13 5 Machine Specific User Parameters The machine tool builder can assign functions to up to 16 USER PARAMETERS Your machine manual provides more detailed information 13 6 Position Display Types In the MANUAL OPERATION mode and in the program run modes of operation you can select the type of c
103. he sum of two values FN2 SUBTRACTION Example FN2 Q1 10 5 Calculates and assigns the difference of two values FN3 MULTIPLICATION Example FN3 Q2 3 3 Calculates and assigns the product of two values FN4 DIVISION e g FN4 O4 8 DIV 02 Calculates and assigns the quotient of two values Not permitted division by O FN5 SQUARE ROOT Example FN5 Q20 SORT 4 Calculates and assigns the square root of a number Not permitted square root of a negative number At the right of the character you can enter Two numbers Two Q parameters A number and a Q parameter The Q parameters and numerical values in the equations can be entered with positive or negative signs 162 10 Programming Q Parameters Example Programming fundamental operations DATUM To select Q parameter functions TABLE Press the PARAMETER FUNCTIONS soft key peT To select the mathematical functions Press the ARITHMETIC BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key FNO To select the Q parameter function ASSIGN Ms Y press the FNO X Y soft key 5 Enter a parameter number for example 5 10 D Assign a value to Q5 for example 10 EPE To select Q parameter functions TABLE Press the PARAMETER FUNCTIONS soft key BASIC To select the mathematical functions Press the ARITHMETIC BASIC ARITHMETIC soft key FN3 To select the Q parameter function EE MULTIPLICATION press the FN3 X Y soft key 12 Enter a Q parameter numbe
104. he tool should approach the workpiece opposite to the radius compensation Enter R as a negative value Radius compensation RR RL for machining Example NC blocks HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Approach Ps without radius compensation Pa with radius comp RR Radius R 10 End point of the first contour element Next contour element 63 proach and Departure Sums Oo oar c Oo Q a fe 6 3 Contour Bib coach and Departure Approaching on a circular arc with tangential connection from a straight line to the contour APPR LCT The tool moves on a Straight line from the starting point Ps to an auxiliary point Py It then moves from Py to the first contour point Pa on a circular arc The arc is connected tangentially both to the line Ps Py as well as to the first contour element Once these lines are known the radius then suffices to completely define the tool path Use any path function to approach the starting point Ps Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and APPR LCT soft key PPR LOT Coordinates of the first contour point Pa Radius R of the arc Always enter R as a positive value Radius compensation for machining Example NC blocks Approach Ps without radius compensation Pa with radius compensation RR radius R 10 End point of the first contour element Next contour element 6 Programming Programming Contours Departing tangentially on a straight line DEP LT The too
105. ial arc is a two dimensional operation the coordinates in the CT block and in the contour element preceding it must be in the same plane of the arc HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 73 tes ina Cartesian Coord e m Oo ud Q Q t aad 0 lt co 6 4 Path Contours A Coordinates Corner Rounding RND The RND function is used for rounding off corners The tool moves on an arc that is tangentially connected to both the preceding and subsequent contour elements The rounding arc must be large enough to accommodate the tool RND Rounding off radius Enter the radius of the arc El Ao Feed rate for rounding the corner Example NC blocks Ce In the preceding and subsequent contour elements both coordinates must lie in the plane of the rounding arc The corner point is cut off by the rounding arc and is not part of the contour A feed rate programmed in the RND block is effective only in that block After the RND block the previous feed rate becomes effective again You can also use an RND block for a tangential contour approach if you do not want to use an APPR function 6 Programming Programming Contours T B mi z l gt Z Z O O Define blank form for graphic workpiece simulation Define tool in the program Call tool in the spindle axis and with the spindle speed S Retract tool in the spindle axis at rapid traverse FMAX Pre position
106. ialog press the END key Select the touch probe function again Press the PROBING POS soft key 208 12 3 D Touch Probes Position the touch probe at a starting position near the second touch point B Select the probe direction with an arrow key Same axis but opposite direction as for A To probe the workpiece press the NC START button The value displayed as Datum is the distance between the two points on the coordinate axis To return to the datum that was active before the length measurement To select the touch probe function Press the PROBING POS soft key Probe the first touch point again Set the Datum to the value that you wrote down previously To terminate the dialog press the END key Measuring angles You can also use the 3 D touch probe to measure angles in the working plane You can measure the angle between the angle reference axis and a workpiece side or the angle between two sides The measured angle is displayed as a value of maximum 90 To find the angle between the angle reference axis and a side of the workpiece seer Select the touch probe function Press the PROBING ROT soft key Rotation angle If you will need the current basic rotation later write down the value that appears under Rotation angle Make a basic rotation with the side of the workpiece see Compensating workpiece misalignment Press the PROBING ROT soft key to display the angle between the
107. ibilities Program input To select the MOD functions Call the mode of operation in which you wish to change the MOD function Hoo To select the MOD functions press the MOD key The figure at upper right shows the MOD screen You can make the following changes Select position display Unit of measurement mm inches Enter code number Set data interface Machine specitic user parameters Axis traverse limits Display NC software number Display PLC software number To change the MOD functions Select the desired MOD function in the displayed menu with the arrow keys Press the ENT key repeatedly until the desired function is highlighted or enter the appropriate numbers and confirm your entry with ENT To exit the MOD functions To exit the MOD function press the END key 13 2 System Information You can use the soft key INFO SYSTEM to display the following information Free program memory NC software number PLC software number are displayed on the TNC screen after the functions have been selected 212 o gt MODE lt USER PARAMETER TRAVERSE RANGE MACHINE INFO SYSTEM E 13 MOD Functions 13 3 Entering the Code Number To enter the code number press the soft key with the key symbol The TNC requires a code number for the following functions Select user parameters 123 Cancel file protection 86357 Operating hours counter for CONTROL ON PROGRAM RUN SPINDLE ON 857282 13 4 Setting
108. in the Pro gram Run operating mode Soft keys for selecting the screen layout Program n Test run graphics Left program blocks right general PGM program information STATUS Left program blocks right positions and PGM Coordinates STATUS a o oa Left program blocks right tool PGM TOOL tools STATUS Left program blocks right coordinate PGM COORD TRANS transformations STATUS 1 Introduction Program Run Single Block and Program run single block E Program Run Full Sequence TOOL CALL L 2 100 X PGM CYCL DEF 4 TEST In the Program Run Single Block mode of operation you execute CYCL DEF 4 each block separately by pressing the NC START button 10 CYEL DEF i In the Program Run Full Sequence mode of operation the TNC executes a part program continuously to its end or to a manual or programmed stop You can resume program run after an interruption B 1 2 3 4 5 6 T 8 g Soft keys for selecting the screen layout TOOL TABLE F Screen windows CS ft key lt 2 A e a er V lt q Left program blocks right general PGM program information STATUS Left program blocks right positions and PGM i POS Coordinates STATUS Left program blocks right tool PGM tools STATUS Left program blocks right coordinate PGM COORD TRANS transformations STATUS 1 4 Status Displays Manual operation General status dis
109. in the spindle axis end of program 83 Polar Coordinates 6 5 Path Cont HuUrsS 6 5 Path conte Polar Coordinates a O Z ctf o cot 3 1 D a Q y O R D cof 5 D 5 O y D lt O z a O 5 n ee A oe B x Define the workpiece blank Define the tool tool call Retract the tool Pre position the tool Transter the last programmed position as the pole Move to working depth Approach contour Tangential approach to circle with R 2 mm Helical interpolation Tangential departure from circle with R 2 mm Retract tool in the working plane Retract tool in the spindle axis end of program Identify beginning of program section repeat Enter the thread pitch as an incremental IZ dimension Program the number of repeats thread revolutions 6 Programming Programming Contours s Functions M and STOP S S AL O C Son eb oa am LLI q N 7 1 Entering Miscellaneous Functions M and STOP With the TNC s miscellaneous functions also called M functions you can affect Program run e g a program interruption Machine functions such as switching spindle rotation and coolant supply on and off Contouring behavior of the tool 7 The machine tool builder may add some M functions that are not described in this User s Manual Your machine manual provides more detailed information M functions are always
110. ine tool builder for the use of Cycle 13 The control can address the machine tool spindle as a 4th axis and rotate it to a given angular position Oriented spindle stops are required for Orientation of the transmitter receiver window of HEIDENHAIN 3 D touch probes with infrared transmission Function The angle of orientation defined in the cycle is positioned to by entering M19 If you program M19 without having defined Cycle 13 the TNC positions the machine tool spindle to an angle that has been set in a machine parameter see your machine manual 13 45 Angle of orientation Enter the angle according to yr the reference axis of the working plane Input rangeO to 360 Inout resolution 0 1 146 8 Programming Cycles a ie 9 1 Labeling Subprograms and Program Section Repeats Subprograms and program section repeats enable you to program a machining sequence once and then run it as often as desired Labels The beginnings of subprograms and program section repeats are marked in a part program by labels 9 2 Subprograms A label is identified by a number between 1 and 254 Each label can be set only once with LABEL SET in a program LABEL O LBL 0 is used exclusively to mark the end of a Subprogram and can therefore be used as often as desired TN oa am c 9 J Q op O O Sm 0 c N 9 2 Subprograms 0 BEGIN PGM Operating sequence 1 The
111. ined Q109 1 Z axis Q109 2 Y axis Q109 1 X axis Q109 0 Spindle status Q110 The value of Q110 depends on which M function was last programmed for the spindle No spindle status defined Q110 1 M03 Spindle ON clockwise Q110 0 M04 Spindle ON counterclockwise Q110 1 M05 after M03 0110 Z M05 after M04 O10 3 Coolant on off Q111 M08 Coolant ON O111 1 M09 Coolant OFF 0111 0 Overlap factor Q112 The overlap factor for pocket milling MP7430 is assigned to Q112 10 Programming O Parameters Unit of measurement for dimensions in the program Q113 The value of parameter Q113 specifies whether the highest level NC program for nesting with PGM CALL is programmed in millimeters or inches 10 9 Preassigned O Parameters Metric system mm O113 0 Inch system inches OTs 1 Tool length Q114 The current value for the tool length is assigned to Q114 Coordinates after probing during program run The parameters Q115 to Q118 contain the coordinates of the spindle position at the moment of contact during programmed measurement with the 3 D touch probe The length and radius of the probe tip are not compensated in these coordinates X axis Q115 Y axis Q116 Z axis Q117 IVth axis Q118 Deviation between actual value and nominal value during automatic tool measurement with the TT 120 Tool length Q115 Tool radius Q116 Active tool radius compensation RO 0123 0 RL Q123 RR Q123 2 R 0123 3
112. ing commissioning when the stylus breaks when the stylus is changed when the probe feed rate is changed in case of irregularities such as those resulting trom thermal changes in the machine During calibration the TNC finds the effective length of the stylus and the effective radius of the ball tip To calibrate the touch probe clamp a ring gauge of known height and known internal radius to the machine table To calibrate the effective length Set the datum in the tool axis such that for the machine tool table Z 0 N To select the calibration function for the touch i Gee probe length press the TOUCH PROBE and CAL L soft keys The TNC then displays a menu window with four input fields Select the tool axis via soft key Datum Enter the height of the ring gauge The menu items Effective ball radius and Effective length do not require input Move the touch probe to a position just above the ring gauge To change the displayed traverse direction if necessary press an arrow key To probe the upper surface press the NC START button Calibrating the effective radius and compensating center misalignment After the touch probe is inserted it normally needs to be exactly aligned with the spindle axis The misalignment is measured with this calibration function and compensated electronically For this operation the TNC rotates the 3 D touch probe by 180 The rotation is initiated by a miscellaneous function that
113. ing factor in X axis Active scaling factor in Y axis Active scaling factor in Z axis Active scaling factor in IVth axis Input system M91 system see section 73 Miscellaneous Coordinate Data M92 system see section 73 Miscellaneous Coordinate Data Datum set manually in M91 system Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Programmed datum Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Active datum in M91 system Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis PLC datum shift 10 Programming O Parameters Limit switch 230 Positions in M91 system 240 Positions in the input system 270 TT 120 calibration data 350 Example Assign the value of the active scaling factor for the Z axis to O25 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 NS 20 21 _ A d _ OINI i eS ec to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 to 4 io 4 to 4 to 4 Number of the active limit switch range Negative coordinate limit switch in M91 system Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Positive coordinate limit switch in M91 system Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Nominal position Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Last touch point Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Active pole Index 1 to 4 X axis to axis IV axis Center point of circle Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Center point of circle for the last RND block Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Nominal position Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Last touch
114. ion to 0 for example in the Positioning with Manual Data Input mode of operation Align the tool tip so that it is parallel to a coordinate axis Select a disengaging direction in which the tool can plunge into the hole without danger of collision 8 Programming Cycles TAPPING with a floating tap holder Cycle 2 1 The tool drills to the total hole depth in one movement 2 Once the tool has reached the total hole depth the direction of spindle rotation is reversed and the tool is retracted to the starting position at the end of the DWELL TIME 3 At the starting position the direction of spindle rotation reverses once again gt Setup clearance 1 incremental value Distance between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface Standard value approx 4 times the thread pitch gt Total hole depth 2 thread length incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and end of thread Dwell time in seconds Enter a value between 0 and 0 5 seconds to avoid wedging of the tool during retraction Feed rate F Traversing speed of the tool during tapping The feed rate is calculated as follows F S x p where F is the feed rate in mm min S is the spindle speed in rpm and p is the thread pitch in mm HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 8 2 Drilling Cycles 8 2 Drilling Cycles RIGID TAPPING Cycle 17 The TNC cuts the thread without a floating tap holder i
115. is Ath point in 1st axis 0234 absolute value Coordinate of point 4 in the main axis of the working plane Ath point in 2nd axis Q235 absolute value Feed rate for milling Q207 Coordinate of point 4 in the subordinate axis of the Traversing speed of the tool in mm working plane min when milling the first pass The TNC calculates the feed rate for all subsequent passes dependent of the stepover factor of the tool offset Ath point in 3rd axis Q236 absolute value Coordinate of point in the tool axis Number of cuts Q240 Number of passes to be less than tool radius higher feed made between points f and 4 and between points rate high stepover factor lower 2and8 feed rate HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 135 ol Cycles for Multipass Milling 29 lt lt 100 Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Cycle definition MULTIPASS MILLING Starting point for X axis Starting point for Y axis Starting point for Z axis 1st side length 2nd side length Number of cuts Feed rate for plunging Feed rate for milling Feed rate for cross pecking Setup clearance Pre position near the starting point Call the cycle Retract in the tool axis end program 8 Programming Cycles 8 6 Coordinate Transformation Cycles Once a contour has been programmed you can position it on the workpiece at various locations and in different sizes through the use of coordin
116. is set by the machine tool builder in the machine parameter 6160 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 203 xe 9 me Q O O cb i me N gt QO b 2 12 1 Touc The center misalignment is measured after the effective ball tip radius is calibrated In the MANUAL OPERATION mode position the ball tip in the bore of the ring gauge Sag To select the calibration function for the ball tip e i radius and the touch probe center misalignment press the CAL R soft key Select the tool axis and enter the radius of the ring gauge To start probing 4 x NC START button The touch probe contacts a position on the bore in each axis direction and calculates the effective ball tip radius If you want to terminate the calibration function at this point press the END soft key If you want to determine the ball tip center misalignment press the 180 soft key The TNC rotates the touch probe by 180 To start probing 4 x NC START button The touch probe contacts a position on the bore in each axis direction and calculates the ball tio center misalignment Displaying calibration values The TNC stores the effective length and radius and the center misalignment for use when the touch probe is needed again You can display the values on the screen with the soft keys CAL L and CAL R e c 2 a km O gt c
117. ise move in a wrong path and damage the contour For the total angle IPA you can enter a value from 5400 to 5400 If the thread has of more than 15 revolutions program the helix in a program section repeat see section 9 2 Program Section Repeats CIRCLE wisi Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key Select circular path C Press the C soft key Select entry of polar coordinates Press the P soft key 2nd soft key row Polar coordinates angle Enter the total angle of tool traverse along the helix in incremental dimensions After entering the angle identify the tool axis using a soft key Enter the coordinate for the height of the helix in incremental dimensions Direction of rotation DR Clockwise helix DR Counterclockwise helix DR Radius compensation RL RR RO Enter the radius compensation according to the table above Example NC blocks 6 Programming Programming Contours T B m A 1 gt Zz Z O O Define the workpiece blank Define the tool tool call Define the datum for polar coordinates Retract the tool Pre position the tool Move to working depth Approach the contour at point 1 Tangential approach to circle with R 1 mm Move to point 2 Move to point 3 Move to point 4 Move to point 5 Move to point 6 Move to point 1 Tangential departure from circle with R 1 mm Retract tool in the working plane Retract tool
118. istance between workpiece surface and bottom of hole tip of drill taper Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool during drilling In mm min Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut The TNC will go to depth in one movement if the plunging depth is equal to the depth the plunging depth is greater than the depth The depth does not have to be a multiple of the plunging depth Dwell time at top Q210 Time in seconds that the tool remains at set up clearance after having been retracted from the hole for chip release Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur Decrement Q212 incremental value Value by which the TNC decreases the plunging depth after each inteed Nr of breaks before retracting Q213 Number of chip breaks after which the TNC is to withdraw the tool from the hole for chip release For chip breaking the TNC retracts the tool each time by 0 2 mm Minimum plunging depth Q205 incremental value If you have entered a decrement the TNC limits the plunging depth to the value entered with 0205 Dwell time at depth Q211 Time in seconds that the tool remains at the hole bottom Retraction feed rate Q208 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when retracting from the hole If you ente
119. itch circle If you enter a stepping angle of 0 the TNC will calculate the stepping angle from the starting and stopping angles If you enter a value other than O the TNC will not take the stopping angle into account The sign for the stepping angle determines the working direction clockwise Hole Patterns Number of repetitions 0241 Number of machining operations on a pitch circle Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Enter a positive value ining Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur E ox Bos OQ At LINEAR PATTERN Cycle 221 8 4 C lt lt Before programming note the following Cycle 221 is DEF active which means that Cycle 221 calls the last defined fixed cycle If you combine Cycle 221 with one of the fixed cycles 200 to 204 and 212 to 215 the set up clearance workpiece surface and 2nd set up clearance that you defined in Cycle 221 will be effective for the selected fixed cycle The TNC automatically moves the tool from its current position to the starting point for the first machining operation The tool is positioned in the following sequence Move to 2nd setup clearance tool axis Approach starting
120. ius of the pocket corners If radius 0 is entered the pocket corners will be rounded with the radius of the cutter Calculations Stepover factor k Kx R where K is the overlap factor preset in machine parameter 7430 and R is the cutter radius POCKET FINISHING Cycle 212 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the pocket 2 From the pocket center the tool moves in the working plane to the starting point for machining The TNC takes the allowance and tool radius into account for calculating the starting point It necessary the TNC plunge cuts into the pocket center 3 If the tool is at the 2nd set up clearance it moves in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and from there advances to the first plunging depth at the feed rate for plunging 4 The tool then moves tangentially to the contour of the finished part and using climb milling machines one revolution 5 After this the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane 6 This process 3 to 5 is repeated until the programmed depth is reached 7 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool in rapid traverse to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and finally to the center of the pocket end position starting position C Before programming note the fo
121. iven label FN11 IF GREATER THAN JUMP Example FN11 IF Q1 GT 10 GOTO LBL 5 If the first parameter or value is greater than the second value or parameter jump to the given label FN12 IF LESS THAN JUMP Example FN12 IF 05 LT 0 GOTO LBL 1 If the first value or parameter is less than the second value or parameter jump to the given label HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 IF X EQ Y GOTO 7 to FN16 IF 4 ME Y GOTO IF GT GOTO FN12 IF XLI gi 71 o j mk 165 ith Q Parameters ISIONS W Abbreviations used IF If EQU Equals NE Not equal GT Greater than LT Less than GOTO Go to 10 6 Checking and Changing Q Parameters During a program run or test run you can check or change Q parameters If necessary If you are in a program run Interrupt it for example by pressing the machine STOP button and the STOP soft key If you are doing a test run interrupt It eres To call the Q parameter table press the TABLE PARAMETER TABLE soft key Using the arrow keys you can select a O parameter on the current screen page You can go to the next or the previous screen page using the PAGE soft keys HHHMoHpppHpop FOO a oD O PWN amp nm SPINDEL OVE Perag VORSCHUB 0V K Y Z 6 Checking and Changing Q Parameters If you wish to change the value of a parameter enter a new value confirm it with the ENT key and conclude your entry with the END key To leave the value unc
122. l in mm min when moving to depth If you are plunge cutting into the material enter a low value if you have already cleared the stud enter a higher feed rate Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling 116 8 Programming Cycles Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can Occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the pocket in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the pocket In the secondary axis of the working plane Workpiece blank dia Q222 Diameter of the premachined pocket Enter a workpiece blank diameter less than the diameter of the finished part If you enter Q222 0 then the TNC plunge cuts into the pocket center Finished part dia Q223 Diameter of the finished pocket Enter the diameter of the finished part to be greater than the workpiece blank diameter CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING Cycle 215 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the stud 2 From the stud center the tool moves in the working plane to t
123. l moves on a straight line from the last contour point P to the end point Py The line lies in the extension of the last contour element Py is separated from Pe by the distance LEN Program the last contour element with the end point Pe and radius compensation Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and DEP LT soft key PEP LT LEN Enter the distance from the last contour a element Pe to the end point Py proach and Departure Example NC blocks Last contour element Pe with radius compensation Depart contour by LEN 12 5 mm Retract in Z return to block 1 end program Sums Oo q4 a Oo Q i Departing on a straight line perpendicular to the last contour point DEP LN The tool moves on a straight line from the last contour point P to the end point Py The line departs on a perpendicular path from the last contour point Pe Py is separated from Pe by the distance LEN plus the tool radius Program the last contour element with the end point Pe and radius compensation Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and DEP LN soft key DEP LN LEN Enter the distance from the last contour dg element Pe to the end point Py Important Always enter LEN as a positive value Example NC blocks Last contour element Pe with radius compensation Depart perpendicular to contour by LEN 20 mm Retract in Z return to block 1 end program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 65 Departing ta
124. lar islands etc can be defined as datums Inside circle The TNC automatically probes the inside wall in all four coordinate axis directions For incomplete circles circular arcs you can choose the appropriate probing direction Position the touch probe approximately in the center of the circle eosing gt Select the touch probe function Press the PROBING CC soft key To probe the workpiece press the NC START button four times The touch probe touches four points on the inside of the circle gt If you are probing to find the stylus center only available on machines with spindle orientation depending on MP6160 press the 180 soft key and probe another four points on the inside of the Y circle gt If you are not probing to find the stylus center press the END key Datum Enter both circle center coordinates into the menu window and confirm your entry with ENT gt To terminate the probe function press the END key 2 Oo lt 0 E a Q Q m fo d4 O E a re O E Outside circle Position the touch probe at the starting position for the first touch point outside of the circle Select the probe direction with a soft key To probe the workpiece press the NC START button Repeat the probing process for the remaining three points See figure at center right Enter the coordinates of the datum and confirm your en
125. lays the time from program start to program end The timer stops whenever machining is interrupted TEST RUN The timer displays the approximate time which the TNC calculates from the duration of tool movements The time calculated by the TNC cannot be used for calculating the production time because the TNC does not account for the duration of machine dependent interruptions such as tool change To activate the stopwatch function Shift the soft key rows until the TNC displays the following soft keys with the stopwatch functions Store displayed time Display the sum of stored time ADD and displayed time LAD Clear displayed time 11 2 Test run In the TEST RUN mode of operation you can simulate programs and program sections to prevent errors from occurring during program run The TNC checks the programs for the following Geometrical incompatibilities Missing data Impossible jumps Violation of the machine s working space The following functions are also available Blockwise test run Interrupt test at any block Functions for graphic simulation Additional status display 190 Test run BEGIN PGM 123 MM BLK FORM 1 2 0 Y 0 2 amp BLK FORM 2 100 Y 160 TOOL DEF 261 L 0 R TOOL DEF 202 L R 3 TOOL CALL 261 Z 2008 L 106 RG FMAX M3 CYCL DEF 4 6 POCKET MILLING CYCL DEF 4 1 SET UP 2 CYCL DEF 4 2 OEPTH 18 O CYCL DEF 4 3 PLNGNG 1 F166 ACTL YX 156 000 Y 25 000 Z 17 500 STORE P
126. le ON counterclockwise Block start m M05 Spindle STOP Block end N M06 Tool change Block end 5 Spindle STOP Program run stop dependent on machine parameter 7440 amp M08 Coolant ON Block start ET M09 Coolant OFF Block end T M13 Spindle ON clockwise Block start S Coolant ON M14 Spindle ON counterclockwise Block start at Coolant ON N M30 Same as M02 Block end 73 Miscellaneous Functions for Coordinate Data Xue Programming machine referenced coordinates bh M91 M92 X Z Y Scale reference point On the scale a reference mark indicates the position of the scale fm reference point Machine datum The machine datum is required for the following tasks 7 2 Miscellaneous functions for Program Run Defining the limits of traverse software limit switches Moving to machine referenced positions such as tool change positions Setting the workpiece datum HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 87 inate Data for Coord IONS 73 Miscellaneous The distance in each axis from the scale reference point to the machine datum is defined by the machine tool builder in a machine parameter Standard behavior The TNC references coordinates to the workpiece datum see Datum setting Behavior with M91 Machine datum If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be referenced to the machine datum end the block with M91 The coordinate values on the TNC screen are referenced to the machine dat
127. le milling Stepover feed rate Q209 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when moving to the next pass If you are moving the tool transversely in the material enter Q209 to be smaller than Q207 If you are moving it transversely in the open Q209 may be greater than Q207 Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and milling depth for positioning at the start and end of the cycle HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 133 O S p N Shas O eles N Q a Q RULED SURFACE Cycle 231 1 From the current position the TNC positions the tool in a linear 3 D movement to the starting point 1 2 The tool subsequently advances to the stopping point p at the feed rate for milling 3 From this point the tool moves in rapid traverse FMAX by the tool diameter in the positive tool axis direction and then back to starting point 11 4 At the starting position ii the TNC moves the tool back to the the last traversed Z value 5 Then the TNC moves the tool in all three axes from point f in the direction of point 4 to the next line 6 From this point the tool moves to the stopping point on this pass The TNC calculates the stopping point using point 2 and an offset in the direction of point8 7 Multipass milling is repeated until the programmed surface has been completed 8 At the end of the cycle the tool is positioned above the highest programmed point in the tool axis offset
128. le under program control Keyboard and screen layout are clearly arranged in a such way that the functions are fast and easy to use Programming HEIDENHAIN conversational format HEIDENHAIN conversational programming is an especially easy method of writing programs Interactive graphics illustrate the individual machining steps for programming the contour Workpiece machining can be graphically simulated during test run You can enter a program while the control is running another Compatibility The TNC can execute all part programs that were written on HEIDENHAIN controls TNC 150 B and later In addition the TNC can also run programs with functions that cannot be programmed directly on the TNC 310 itself such as FK tree contour programming Contour cycles ISO programs Program call with PGM CALL 1 Introduction 1 2 Visual Display Unit and Keyboard Visual display unit The figure at right shows the keys and controls on the VDU f Setting the screen layout 2 Soft key selector keys 3 Switching the soft key rows 4 Header When the TNC is on the selected operating mode is shown in the screen header Dialog prompts and TNC messages also appear here unless the TNC is showing only graphics 5 Soft keys In the right margin the TNC indicates additional functions in a soft key row You can select these functions by pressing the keys immediately beside them g Directly beneath the soft key row are rectangular boxes indica
129. llowing The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction If you want to clear and finish the pocket with the same tool use a centercut end mill ISO 1641 and enter a low teed rate for plunging Minimum size of the pocket 3 times the tool radius HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 8 3 Cycle a i Pockets Studs and Slots Pockets Studs and Slots ing O t S gt Q M ee 112 Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Feed rate for plunging Q206 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when moving to depth If you are plunge cutting into the material enter a low value if you have already cleared the pocket enter a higher feed rate Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut enter a value greater than 0 Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the pocket in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the pocket in the secondary axis of the
130. lock cycle DEL Delete the program sections First select the last block of the program section to be erased then erase with the DEL key DEL 38 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids 4 4 Interactive Programming Graphics Programming and editing aii BEGIN PGM S555 MM While you are writing the part program you can have the TNC 1 BLK FORM 12 W0 Y0 Z gt generate a graphic illustration of the programmed contour e a eS TOOL CALL L 50 be Z 100 RG FMA TOOL DEF 170 L R 21 To generate not generate graphics during programming A ae To switch the screen layout to displaying program blocks to the L x5 Y 50 2 10 RO FMAX gt left and graphics to the right press the SPLIT SCREEN key and ec ae PGM GRAPHICS soft key RND R20 AUTO ON Set the AUTO DRAW soft key to ON While you are E DRAW OFF entering the program lines the TNC generates each path contour you program in the graphics window in the right screen half If you do not wish to have graphics generated during programming set the AUTO DRAW soft key to OFF AUTO DRAW ON does not simulate program section repeats To generate a graphic for an existing program Use the arrow keys to select the block up to which you want the graphic to be generated or press GOTO and enter the desired block number RESET To generate graphics press the RESET START ot Generate a complete graphic soft key l or complete it after RESET STAR
131. ltiplication and division before addition and subtraction Ist step 5 3 15 2nd step 2 10 20 Srd step 15 20 35 Une To 1st step 102 100 2nd step 33 27 Srd step 100 27 73 Distributive law for calculating with parentheses a b c a b a c 10 Programming Q Parameters Programming example Calculate an angle with arc tangent as opposite side Q12 and adjacent side Q13 then store in Q25 AEN To select Q parameter functions TABLE Press the PARAMETER FUNCTIONS soft key To select formula entry Press the Q key and the FORMULA soft key 25 Enter the parameter number o Shift the soft key row and select the arc tangent function lt Shift the soft key row and open parentheses Enter Q parameter number 12 Select division Enter Q parameter number 13 B Close parentheses and conclude formula entry Example NC block 10 8 Entering Formulas Directly HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 175 10 9 Preassigned O Parameters 10 9 Preassigned Q Parameters The Q parameters Q100 to Q122 are assigned values by the TNC These values include Values from the PLC Tool and spindle data Data on operating status etc Values from the PLC Q100 to Q107 The TNC uses the parameters Q100 to Q107 to transfer values from the PLC to an NC program Tool radius Q108 The current value of the tool radius is assigned to Q108 Tool axis Q109 The value of Q109 depends on the current tool axis No tool axis def
132. machining process Programmed interruptions You can program interruptions directly in the part program The TNC interrupts the program run at a block containing one of the following entries STOP with and without a miscellaneous function Miscellaneous functions MO M1 see 11 5 Optional Program Run Interruption M2 or M30 Miscellaneous function M6 determined by the machine tool builder Interruption with NC STOP button Press the NC STOP button The block which the TNC is currently executing is not completed The asterisk in the status display blinks If you do not wish to continue the machining process you can reset the TNC with the STOP soft key The asterisk in the status display goes out In this case the program must be restarted from the program beginning Interruption of machining by switching to the Program Run Single Block mode of operation You can interrupt a program that is being run in the Program Run Full Sequence mode of operation by switching to Program Run Single Block The TNC interrupts the machining process at the end of the current block 194 11 Test Run and Program Run Moving the machine axes during an interruption Program run You can move the machine axes during an interruption in the same way as in the Manual Operation mode full sequence C STUD FINISH GT 1 GOTO LBL Example Retracting the spindle after tool breakage Interrupting machining Enable the external direction
133. matic pre positioning and reciprocating plunge cut HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 109 8 3 Cycle for Miling Pockets Studs and Slots POCKET MILLING Cycle 4 1 The tool penetrates the workpiece at the starting position pocket center and advances to the first plunging depth 2 The cutter begins milling in the positive axis direction of the longer side on square pockets always starting in the positive Y direction and then roughs out the pocket from the inside out 3 This process 1 to 3 is repeated until the depth is reached 4 At the end of the cycle the TNC retracts the tool to the starting position 4 Setup clearance 4 incremental value Distance between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface Milling depth 2 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Plunging depth 8 incremental value Infeed per cut The tool will advance to the depth in one movement if n the plunging depth equals the depth n the plunging depth is greater than the depth Feed rate for plunging Traversing speed of the tool during penetration gt 1st side length 4 Pocket length parallel to the main axis of the working plane gt 2nd side length Pocket width Feed rate F Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane 110 8 Programming Cycles DIRECTION OF THE MILLING PATH DR climb milling with M3 DR up cut milling with M3 Rounding radius Rad
134. matically align workpieces Quickly and precisely set datums TS 220 touch trigger probe This touch probe is particularly effective for automatic workpiece alignment datum setting and workpiece measurement The TS 220 transmits the triggering signals to the TNC via cable Principle of operation HEIDENHAIN triggering touch probes feature a wear resisting optical switch that generates an electrical signal as soon as the stylus is deflected This signal is transmitted to the TNC which stores the current position of the stylus as an actual value HR electronic handwheels Electronic handwheels facilitate moving the axis slides precisely by hand A wide range of traverses per handwheel revolution is available Apart from the HR 130 and HR 150 integral handwheels HEIDENHAIN also offers the HR 410 portable handwheel HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 11 1 5 Accessories HEIDENHAIN 3 D Touch Probe and Electronic iii c 2 1 2 1 Switch On 7 Switch on and traversing the reference points can vary depending on the individual machine tool Your machine manual provides more detailed information Switch on the power supply for control and machine The TNC automatically initiates the following dialog The TNC memory is automatically checked TNC message that the power was interrupted clear the message The PLC program of the TNC is automatically compiled G Switch on the control voltage
135. mits to axis traverse within the machine s actual working envelope Possible application to protect an indexing fixture against tool collision Axis Traverse Limits for Program Run The maximum range of traverse of the machine tool is defined by software limit switches This range can be additionally limited through the MOD function TRAVERSE RANGE MACHINE With this function you can enter the maximum and minimum traverse positions for each axis referenced to the machine datum Working without additional traverse limits To allow a machine axis to use its full range of traverse enter the maximum traverse of the TNC 30000 mm as the traverse range To find and enter the maximum traverse Select REF position display Move the spindle to the positive and negative end positions of the X Y and Z axes Write down the values including the algebraic sign To select the MOD functions press the MOD key PER Enter the limits for axis traverse Press the TRAVER ee SE RANGE MACHINE soft key and enter the values that you wrote down as limits in the corresponding axes Confirm your entry with the ENT key To exit the MOD function press the END key Ce The tool radius is not automatically compensated in the axis traverse limit value The traverse range limits and software limit switches become active as soon as the reference points are traversed Axis Traverse Limits for Test Run It is possible to define a separate traverse
136. mping devices can occur The TNC moves the tool with radius compensation RO to Q236 the programmed positions a If required use a centercut end mill ISO 1641 ee DE il 231 Starting point in 1st axis Q225 absolute value Q230 iy Starting point coordinate of the surface to be i ae multipass milled in the main axis of the working NS Sen Aaa SS eS Q228 Q231 Q234 Q225 Starting point in 2nd axis Q226 absolute value Starting point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the secondary axis of the working plane Cycles for Multipass Milling Starting point in 3rd axis Q227 absolute value Starting point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the tool axis 2nd point in 1st axis Q228 absolute value Stopping point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the main axis of the working plane 2nd point in 2nd axis Q229 absolute value Stopping point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the secondary axis of the working plane 2nd point in 3rd axis Q230 absolute value Stopping point coordinate of the surface to be multipass milled in the tool axis 3rd point in 1st axis Q231 absolute value Coordinate of point 8 in the main axis of the working plane 3rd point in 2nd axis Q232 absolute value Coordinate of point 8 in the subordinate axis of the working plane 3rd point in 3rd axis Q233 absolute value Coordinate of point 8 in the tool ax
137. n deleted immediately after being executed In this way programs of unlimited length can be executed The program may have a maximum of 20 TOOL DEF blocks If you require more tools then use a tool table If the program contains a PGM CALL block the called program must be stored in the TNC memory The program may not include Subprograms Program section repeats Function FN15 PRINT Blockwise program transfer Configure the data interface with the Set block buffer MOD function see section 13 4 Setting the External Data Interface Select the Program Run Full Sequence mode or the Program Run Single Block mode Begin blockwise transfer Press the BLOCKWISE TRANSFER soft key Enter the program name and confirm your entry with the ENT key The TNC reads in the selected program via data interface Start the part program with the machine start button If you have defined a block buffer greater than O the TNC waits with the program start until the defined number of NC blocks has been read in HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 199 11 4 a Transfer Running Longer Programs P Optional Program Run Interruption 11 5 Optional Program Run Interruption The TNC optionally interrupts the program or test run at blocks containing M01 on Do not interrupt program run or test run at blocks OFF containing M01 Set soft key to OFF Interrupt program run or test run at blocks OFF containing M01 Set soft key to ON 200
138. n one or more passes Rigid tapping offers the following advantages over tapping with a floating tap holder m Higher machining speeds possible m Repeated tapping of the same thread is possible repetitions are enabled via spindle orientation to the O position during cycle call depending on machine parameter 7160 H Increased traverse range of the spindle axis due to absence of a floating tap holder gt Setup clearance 4 incremental value Distance between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface gt Total hole depth 2 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface beginning of thread and end of thread gt PITCH E Pitch of the thread The algebraic sign differentiates between right hand and left hand threads right hand thread left hand thread 106 8 Programming Cycles I m J mi Z is Z Z O 2 80 90 100 8 2 Drilling Cycles Define the workpiece blank Define the tool Tool call Retract the tool Define cycle Setup clearance Depth Feed rate for drilling Pecking Dwell time at top Surface coordinate 2nd set up clearance Approach hole 1 spindle ON Call the cycle Approach hole 2 call cycle Approach hole 3 call cycle Approach hole 4 call cycle Retract in the tool axis end program 107 8 2 Drilling Cycles Program sequence m Plate has already been pilot drilled for M12 depth of the plate 20 mm
139. n until the TRANSFER DETAIL MAGN 06 52 17 se Select the workpiece surface to be trimmed Press the soft key several times Shift the sectional plane to reduce or magnify the blank form Select the isolated detail Posi 188 11 Test Run and Program Run To change the detail magnification The soft keys are listed in the table above Interrupt the graphic simulation if necessary Select the workpiece surface with the corresponding soft key see table To reduce or magnify the blank form press the minus or plus soft key respectively To select the isolated detail press the TRANSFER DETAIL soft key Restart the test run or program run gt i Q Q q q q Repeating graphic simulation A part program can be graphically simulated as often as desired either with the complete workpiece or with a detail of it Restore workpiece blank to the detail RESET magnification in which it was last shown FORM Reset detail magnification so that the machined WINDOW i i BLK workpiece or workpiece blank is displayed as it FORM was programmed with BLK FORM Ce The WINDOW BLK FORM soft key will return the blank form to its original shape or size even if a detail has been isolated and not yet magnified with TRANSFER DETAIL HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 189 m cc N q q Measuring the machining time Program run modes of operation The timer counts and disp
140. nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Z coordinate at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the slot in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the slot in the secondary axis of the working plane First side length 0218 value parallel to the main axis of the working plane Enter the length of the slot gt Second side length Q219 value parallel to the secondary axis of the working plane Enter the slot width If you enter a slot width that equals the tool diameter the TNC will carry out the roughing process only slot milling gt Angle of rotation Q224 absolute value Angle by which the entire slot is rotated The center of rotation lies in the center of the slot HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Q203 Q217 Q216 121 8 3 Cycle B Pockets Studs and Slots Milling Pockets Studs and Slots 8 3 Cycle fo CIRCULAR SLOT with reciprocating plunge cut Cycle 211 Roughing process 1 At rapid traverse the TNC positions the tool in the tool axis to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the right circle From there the tool is positioned to the programmed set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The tool moves at the milling feed rate to the workpiece surface From there the cutter advances plunge cutting obliquely int
141. ne builders such as tool change position Within the positioning block Coordinates are referenced to the current tool position m Oo Go to end of file Select search functions Enter a number Begin search with ENT key FINO The HELP provided by the machine manufacturer can only be displayed and not executed End the HELP function Press the END key HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 41 i i j j F itp ar T T TREN 5 1 ente oi Relatea Data 5 1 Entering Tool Related Data Feed rate F The feed rate is the speed in millimeters per minute or inches per minute at which the tool center moves The maximum feed rates can be different for the individual axes and are set in machine parameters Input You can enter the feed rate in every positioning block For further information refer to section 6 2 Fundamentals of Path Contours Rapid traverse If you wish to program rapid traverse enter FMAX To enter FMAX press the ENT key or the FMAX soft key as soon as the dialog question Feed rate F appears on the TNC screen Duration of effect A feed rate entered as a numerical value remains in effect until a block with a different feed rate is reached F MAX is only effective in the block in which it is programmed After the block with F MAX is executed the feed rate will return to the last feed rate entered as a numerical value Changing during program run You can adjust the
142. ne parameters Some of the functions described in this manual may not be among the features provided by the TNC on your machine tool TNC functions that may not be available on your machine include Rigid tapping cycle E Borini k boring cycle Please contact your machine tool build with the individual implementation of machine control on your Many machine manufacturers as offer programming courses for th these courses as an effective way programming skill and sharing infor other TNC users Cs We recommend improving your ion and ideas with Location of use The TNC complies with the limits for a Class A device in accordance with the specifica EN 55022 and is intended for use primarily in rially zoned areas Contents HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 lanual Operation and Setup ositioning with Manual Data Input MDI rogramming Fundamentals File ljanagement Programming Aids rogramming Tools rogramming Programming Contours rogramming Miscellaneous Functions rogramming Cycles rogramming Subprograms and rogram Section Repeats rogramming O Parameters st Run and Program Run 8 Touch Probes OD Functions Tables and Overviews Contents 1 1 TheTNC 310 2 1 2 Visual Display Unit and Keyboard 3 1 3 Modes of Operation 4 1 4 Status Displays 7 1 5 Accessories HEIDENHAIN 3 DTouch Probes and Electronic Handwheels 11
143. ne slotting mill Call tool for roughing finishing Retract the tool Define cycle for machining the contour outside 8 Programming Cycles Cycle call for stud Define CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING cycle Call CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING cycle Tool change Call slotting mill Define cycle for slot 1 Call cycle for slot 1 Cycle definition for slot 2 Call cycle for slot 2 Retract in the tool axis end program HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 125 8 3 Cycle D Pockets Studs and Slots 8 4 A for Machining Hole Patterns 8 4 Cycles for Machining Hole Patterns The TNC provides two cycles for machining hole patterns 220 CIRCULAR PATTERN 221 LINEAR PATTERN ARZ You can combine Cycle 220 and Cycle 221 with the following fixed cycles Cycle 1 Cycle 2 Cycle 3 Cycle 4 Cycle 5 Cycle 17 Cycle 200 Cycle 201 Cycle 202 Cycle 203 Cycle 204 Cycle 212 Cycle 213 Cycle 214 Cycle 215 126 PECKING TAPPING with a floating tap holder SLOT MILLING POCKET MILLING CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING RIGID TAPPING DRILLING REAMING BORING UNIVERSAL MILLING CYCLE BACK BORING POCKET FINISHING STUD FINISHING CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING CIRCULAR STUD FINISHING 8 Programming Cycles CIRCULAR PATTERN Cycle 220 1 At rapid traverse the TNC moves the tool from its current position to the starting point for the first machining operation The tool is positioned in the following sequence E Move to 2nd setup clearance tool axis E
144. ne small contour step 13 to 14 Move to contour point 15 Machine small contour step 15 to 16 Move to contour point 17 7 Programming Miscellaneous functions Machining open contours M98 Standard behavior The TNC calculates the intersections of the cutter paths at inside corners and moves the tool in the new direction at those points If the contour is open at the corners however this will result in incomplete machining see figure at upper right Behavior with M98 With the miscellaneous function M98 the TNC temporarily suspends radius compensation to ensure that both corners are completely machined see figure at lower right Effect M98 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed with M98 M98 becomes effective at the end of block Example NC blocks Move to the contour points 10 11 and 12 in succession HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 91 for Contouring Behavior 7 4 Miscellaneous Functions N oS lt x gt aes Pan Oo cc wes Oo tes c a S Lam gt LL 7 5 Miscellaneous Function for Rotary Axes Reducing display of a rotary axis to a value less than 360 M94 Standard behavior The TNC moves the tool from the current angular value to the programmed angular value Example Current angular value 536 Programmed angular value 180 Actual path of traverse 358 Behavior with M94 At the start of block the TNC first reduces the
145. ngentially on a circular arc DEP CT The tool moves on a circular arc from the last contour point P to the end point Py The arc is tangentially connected to the last contour element Program the last contour element with the end point Pe and radius compensation Initiate the dialog with the APPR DEP key and DEP CT soft key DEP CT Center angle CCA of the arc oS Radius R of the circular arc If the tool should depart the workpiece in the direction of the radius compensation i e to the right with RR or to the left with RL Enter R as a positive value If the tool should depart the workpiece on the direction opposite to the radius compensation Enter R as a negative value Example NC blocks 6 3 Contour Booch and Departure Last contour element Pe with radius compensation Center angle 180 arc radius 10 mm Retract in Z return to block 1 end program 6 Programming Programming Contours Departing on a circular arc tangentially connecting the contour and a straight line DEP LCT The tool moves on a circular arc from the last contour point Pe to an auxiliary point Py It then moves from Py to the end point Py on a Straight line The arc is tangentially connected both to the last contour element and to the line from Py to Py Once these lines are known the radius R then suffices to completely define the tool path Program the last contour element with the end point Pe and radius compensation
146. nging depth Q202 incremental value Total extent by which the tool is fed in the tool axis during a reciprocating movement 122 8 Programming Cycles Machining operation 0 1 2 Q215 Define the extent of machining 0 Roughing and finishing 1 Roughing only 2 Finishing only gt Workpiece SURFACE COORDINATE Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Z coordinate at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the slot in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the slot in the secondary axis of the working plane Pitch circle diameter Q244 Enter the diameter of the pitch circle gt Second side length Q219 Enter the slot width If you enter a slot width that equals the tool diameter the TNC will carry out the roughing process only slot milling gt Starting angle Q245 absolute value Enter the polar angle of the starting point gt Angular length Q248 incremental value Enter the angular length of the slot HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Q217 123 8 3 Cycle ofiii Pockets Studs and Slots iling Pockets Studs and Slots 40 30 20 8 3 Cycle for M N A Define the workpiece blank Define the tool for roughing finishing Defi
147. ning with MDI the additional status displays can also be activated m Select the Positioning with MDI mode of operation Program the file MDI as you wish Q To start program run press the machine START button f Limitations The following functions are not available Tool radius compensation Programming graphics Programmable probing functions Subprograms program section repeats Path functions CT CR RND and CHF Cycle 12 PGM CALL Example 1 A hole with a depth of 20 mm is to be drilled into a single workpiece After clamping and aligning the workpiece and setting the datum you can program and execute the drilling operation in a few lines First you pre position the tool in L blocks straight line blocks to the hole center coordinates at a setup clearance of 5 mm above the workpiece surface Then drill the hole with Cycle 1 PECKING N 2 Define tool zero tool radius 5 Call tool tool axis Z Spindle speed 2000 rom Retract tool FMAX rapid traverse Pos tool aboveholeatFMAX spindle On 3 Positioning with Manual Data Input MDI The straight line function is described in section 6 4 Path Contours Cartesian Coordinates the PECKING cycle in section 8 3 Dril ling Cycles HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Position tool to 5 mm above hole Define PECKING cycle Setup clearance of the tool above the hole Total hole depth Algebraic sign working direction Depth of
148. nly once in subprogram 2 56 Define tool center drill Tool definition drill Define tool reamer Call tool center drill Retract the tool 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Cycle definition Centering Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern Tool change Call the drilling tool New depth for drilling New plunging depth for drilling Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern Tool change Tool call reamer Cycle definition REAMING Call subprogram 1 for the entire hole pattern End of main program Beginning of subprogram 1 Entire hole pattern Move to starting point for group 1 Call subprogram 2 for the group Move to starting point for group 2 Call subprogram 2 for the group Move to starting point for group 3 Call subprogram 2 for the group End of subprogram 1 Beginning of subprogram 2 Group of holes 1st hole with active fixed cycle Move to 2nd hole call cycle Move to 3rd hole call cycle Move to 4th hole call cycle End of subprogram 2 157 9 5 Programming Examples 10 1 Principle and Overview 10 1 Principle and Overview You can program an entire family of parts in a single part program You do this by entering variables called O parameters instead of fixed numerical values Q parameters can represent information such as Coordinate values Feed rates RPM Cycle data Q parameters also enable you to prog
149. o the material to the other end of the slot 3 The tool then moves at a downward angle back to the starting point again with oblique plunge cutting This process 2 to 3 is repeated until the programmed milling depth is reached 4 At the milling depth the TNC moves the tool for the purpose of face milling to the other end of the slot Finishing process 5 For finishing the slot the TNC advances the tool tangentially to the contour of the finished part The tool subsequently climb mills the contour with M3 The starting point for the finishing process is the center of the right circle 6 When the tool reaches the end of the contour it departs the contour tangentially 7 At the end of the cycle the tool is retracted in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and If programmed to the 2nd set up clearance lt lt Before programming note the following The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction The cutter diameter must not be larger than the slot width and not smaller than a third of the slot width The cutter diameter must be smaller than half the slot length The TNC otherwise cannot execute this cycle ae Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of slot Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling Plu
150. o the entered depth in the tool axis 60 Programming and editing 6 Programming Programming Contours You can enter the position data in absolute or incremental coordinates and in Cartesian or polar coordinates The TNC does not check whether the programmed contour will be damaged when moving from the actual position to the auxiliary point Py Use the test graphics to simulate approach and departure before executing the part program When approaching the contour allow sufficient distance between the starting point Ps and the first contour point Pa to assure that the TNC will reach the programmed feed rate for machining The TNC moves the tool from the actual position to the auxiliary point Ph at the feed rate that was last programmed Radius compensation For the TNC to interpret an APPR block as an approach block you must program a change in compensation from RO to RL RR The TNC automatically cancels the radius compensation in a DEP block If you wish to program a contour element with the DEP block no change in compensation then you need to program the active radius compensation again 2nd soft key row if the F element is highlighted If no change in compensation is programmed in an APPR or in a DEP block the TNC makes the contour connection as follows APPR LT Tangential connection to the following Contour element Perpendicular connection to the following Contour element without angle of traverse
151. ol table DLrootcatL is the oversize for length DL in the TOOL CALL block not taken into account by the position display Tool radius compensation The NC block for programming a tool movement contains RL or RR for compensation in the tool radius R or R for radius compensation in single axis movements RO if no radius compensation is required Radius compensation becomes effective as soon as a tool is called and is moved in the working plane with RL or RR To cancel radius compensation program a positioning block with RO HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 51 c J e Oo Q For tool radius compensation the TNC takes the delta values from the TOOL CALL block into account Compensation value R DRroor cau Where R is the tool radius R from the TOOL DEF block or tool table DRrootcatL is the oversize for radius DR in the TOOL CALL block not taken into account by the position display J N a Oo Q Tool movements without radius compensation RO The tool center moves in the working plane to the programmed path or coordinates Applications Drilling and boring pre positioning see figure at center right Tool movements with radius compensation RR and RL RR The tool moves to the right of the programmed contour RL The tool moves to the left of the programmed contour The tool center moves along the contour at a distance equal to the radius Right or
152. ol number Enter the number of the tool The tool must already be defined in a TOOL DEF block or in the tool table Working spindle axis X Y Z Enter the tool axis Spindle speed S Tool length oversize Enter the delta value for the tool length Tool radius oversize Enter the delta value for the tool radius Example Call tool number 5 in the tool axis Z with a spindle speed 2500 rpm The tool length is to be programmed with an oversize of 0 2 mm the tool radius with an undersize of 1 mm The character D preceding L and R designates delta values Tool change 7 The tool change function can vary depending on the individual machine tool Refer to your machine tool manual Tool change position A tool change position must be approachable without collision With the miscellaneous functions M91 and M92 you can enter machine referenced rather than workpiece referenced coordinates for the tool change position If TOOL CALL O is programmed before the first tool call the TNC moves the tool spindle in the tool axis to a position that is independent of the tool length Manual tool change To change the tool manually stop the spindle and move the tool to the tool change position Move to the tool change position under program control Interrupt program run see section 11 3 Program Run Change the tool Resume the program run see section 11 3 Program Run HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 49 _ 5 2 Tool Data 5
153. ol radius DR Tool inhibited 0 or 1 Number of replacement tool Maximum tool age TIME1 Maximum tool age TIME2 Current tool age CUR TIME PLC status Maximum tooth length LCUTS Maximum plunge angle ANGLE TT Number of teeth CUT TT Wear tolerance for length LTOL TT Wear tolerance for radius RTOL TT Rotational direction DIRECT 3 or 4 TT Offset for radius R OFFS TT Offset for length LOFFS TT Breakage tolerance in length LBREAK TT Breakage tolerance in radius RBREAK 169 ions Funct itiona 10 7 Add IONS Pocket table data 51 Funct Pocket number for active tool 52 mona Compensation data 200 10 7 Add Active transformations 210 Active coordinate system 211 Functions for Functions for Datums 220 170 ol BY GO No By OO NM gt Bo A AB RIS By OG NM gt 1 to 4 Lte4 1 to 4 1 to 4 Tool pocket location number Fixed pocket O no 1 yes Pocket locked O no 1 yes Tool is a special tool O no 1 yes PLC status Pocket number in tool magazine Programmed tool radius Programmed tool length Oversize for tool radius DR from TOOL CALL Oversize for tool length DL from TOOL CALL Basic rotation in MANUAL OPERATION mode Programmed rotation with Cycle 10 Active mirror axis 0 mirroring not active 1 X axis mirrored 2 Y axis mirrored 4 Z axis mirrored 8 IVth axis mirrored Combinations sum of individual axes Active scal
154. oordinates to be displayed The figure at right shows the different tool positions 1 Starting position 2 Target position of the tool 3 Workpiece datum 4 Machine datum The TNC position displays can show the following coordinates Nominal position the value presently commanded by the TNC NOML Actual position current tool position ACTL Reference position the actual position as referenced REF to the machine datum Distance remaining to the programmed position DIST difference between actual and target positions Servo lag difference between nominal and actual positions LAG With the MOD function Position display 1 you can select the position display in the status display With Position display 2 you can select the position display in the additional status display 13 7 Unit of Measurement The MOD function Change MM INCHES determines whether the coordinates are displayed in millimeters metric system or inches To select the metric system e g X 15 789 mm set the Change MM INCH function to mm The value is displayed with 3 digits after the decimal point To select the inch system e g X 0 6216 inch set the Change MM INCH function to inches The value is displayed to 4 decimal places This MOD function also determines the unit of measurement when you open a new program 216 NOML ACTL LAG 13 MOD Functions 13 8 Axis Traverse Limits The AXIS LIMIT mod function allows you to set li
155. or messages with FN15 PRINT numerical value Numerical values from 0 to 99 Dialog texts for OEM cycles Numerical values exceeding 100 PLC error messages Example Output of dialog text 20 67 FNU5 PRINT 20000 To output dialog texts and error messages with FN15 PRINT Q parameter Application example Recording workpiece measurement You can transfer up to six Q parameters and numerical values simultaneously The TNC separates them with slashes Example Output of dialog text 1 and numerical value for Q1 10 Programming O Parameters FN18 SYS DATUM READ Read system data With the function FN18 SYS DATUM READ you can read system data and store them in O parameters You select the system data through a group number ID number and additionally through a number and an index Program information 10 1 Machine status 20 1 D CO CO N 0 amp Data from the tool table 50 CO N BY NM gt 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 MM inch condition Overlap factor for pocket milling Number of active fixed cycle Active tool number Prepared tool number Active tool axis 0 X l 2 Z Programmed spindle rom Active spindle status O off 1 0n Active spindle orientation angle Active gear range Coolant status O off 1 0n Active feed rate Active feed rate for transition arc Tool length Tool radius Oversize for tool length DL Oversize for to
156. or the starting point in the tool axis set up clearance above the workpiece surface The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction This cycle requires a centercut end mill ISO 1641 or pilot drilling at the pocket center 114 8 Programming Cycles between tool tip at starting position and workpiece surface 5 Setup clearance incremental value Distance Milling depth 2 incremental value Distance between workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Plunging depth 8 incremental value Infeed per cut The tool will advance to the depth in one movement if n the plunging depth equals the depth n the plunging depth is greater than the depth Feed rate for plunging Traversing speed of the tool during penetration Circular radius Radius of the circular pocket Feed rate F Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane Direction of the milling path DR climb milling with M3 DR up cut milling with M3 Y ling Pockets Studs and Slots tjm Q gt Q a ee HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 115 Pockets Studs and Slots ing i i J 8 3 Cycle fo CIRCULAR POCKET FINISHING Cycle 214 1 The TNC automatically moves the tool in the tool axis to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the pocket 2 From the pocket center the tool moves in th
157. p clearance above the workpiece Surface 2 The tool drills to the first plunging depth at the programmed feed rate F 3 If you have programmed chip breaking the tool then retracts by the setup clearance If you are working without chip breaking the tool retracts at the RETRACTION FEED RATE to setup clearance remains there if programmed for the entered dwell time and advances again in FMAX to the setup clearance above the first PLUNGING DEPTH 4 The tool then advances with another infeed at the programmed feed rate If programmed the plunging depth is decreased after each infeed by the decrement 5 The TNC repeats this process 2 to 4 until the programmed total hole depth is reached 6 The tool remains at the hole bottom if programmed for the entered DWELL TIME to cut free and then retracts to set up clearance at the retraction feed rate If you have entered a 2nd set up clearance the tool subsequently moves to that position in FMAX HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 101 8 2 Drilling Cycles 8 2 Drilling Cycles C Before programming note the following 102 283 er TF Get Program a positioning block for the starting point hole center in the working plane with RADIUS COMPENSATION RO The algebraic sign for the cycle parameter TOTAL HOLE DEPTH determines the working direction Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth Q201 incremental value D
158. peed of the tool in mm min when moving to depth If you are plunge cutting into the material enter a low value if you have already cleared the stud enter a higher feed rate Plunging depth Q202 incremental value Infeed per cut enter a value greater than 0 Feed rate for milling Q207 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min while milling Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur Center in 1st axis Q216 absolute value Center of the stud in the main axis of the working plane Center in 2nd axis Q217 absolute value Center of the stud in the secondary axis of the working plane Workpiece blank diameter Q222 Diameter of the premachined stud Enter the workpiece blank diameter to be greater than the diameter of the finished part Diameter of finished part Q223 Diameter of the finished stud Enter the diameter of the finished part to be less than the workpiece blank diameter Q203 SS 8 Programming Cycles SLOT MILLING Cycle 3 Roughing process 1 The TNC moves the tool inward by the milling allowance half the difference between the slot width and the tool diameter From there it plunge cuts into the workpiece and mills in the longitudi nal direction of the slot 2 After downf
159. play ACTL The status display informs you of the current state of the machine X 150 0 tool It is displayed automatically in all modes of operation 1 Y In the operating modes Manual Operation and Electronic 2 12 5 Handwheel and Positioning with MDI the status display appears in the large window M HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 7 1 4 Status Displays Information in the status display Program run single black l ACTL Actual or nominal coordinates of the current position Zs 4 5 TOOL CALL 6 L 2 188 EINE Machine axes 7 CYCL DEF 8 CYCL DEF 9 CYCL DEF jM Spindle speed S feed rate F and active M functions 1 CYCL DEF Program run started e Axis locked ROT Axes are moving plain Additional status displays The additional status displays contain detailed information on the program run They can be called in all operating modes except in the Manual Operation mode To switch on the additional status display 1T tJ Call the soft key row for screen layout PGM Select the layout option for the additional status POS STATUS display e g positions and coordinates You can also choose between the following additional status displays 1 BLOCKIJISE TRANSFER PGM TEST TOOL TABLE Po Introduction PGM PGM General program information STATUS 7 Name of main program Active block number 2 Program called via Cycle 12 3 Active machining cycle 4 Circle center CC pole 5 Dwell
160. point Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Active pole Index 1 to 4 X axis to axis IV axis Center point of circle Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Center point of circle for the last RND block Index 1 to 4 X axis to IVth axis Center of probe contact in X axis Center of probe contact in Yaxis Center of probe contact in Z axis Probe contact radius 171 ions Funct itiona 10 7 Add ions Funct itiona 10 7 Add FN19 PLC Transferring values to the PLC The function FN19 PLC transfers up to two numerical values or O parameter contents to the PLC Increments and units 0 1 um or 0 0001 Example Transter the numerical value 10 which means 1 um or 0 001 to the PLC 172 10 Programming O Parameters 10 8 Entering Formulas Directly You can enter mathematical formulas that include several operations directly into the part program by soft key Entering formulas Press the FORMULA soft key to call the formula functions The TNC displays the following soft keys in several soft key rows 10 8 Entering Formulas Directly Addition Example O10 Q1 O5 Subtraction Example Q25 Q7 Q108 Multiplication Example Q12 5 O5 Division Example Q25 Q1 Q2 Open parentheses Example Q12 Q1 Q2 Q3 Close parentheses Example Q12 Q1 Q2 Q3 Square Example 015 SQ 5 Square root Example Q22 SORT 25 Sine of an angle Example O44 SIN 45 Cosine of an angle E
161. point in the machining plane Move to setup clearance above the workpiece surface tool axis 2 From this position the TNC executes the last defined fixed cycle 3 The tool then approaches the starting point for the next machining operation in the positive main axis direction at set up clearance or 2nd set up clearance 4 This process 1 to 3 is repeated until all machining operations on the first line have been executed The tool is located above the last point on the first line 128 8 Programming Cycles 5 The tool subsequently moves to the last point on the second line where It carries out the machining operation 6 From this position the tool approaches the starting point for the next machining operation in the negative main axis direction 7 This process 5 to 6 is repeated until all machining operations in the second line have been executed 8 The tool then moves to the starting point of the next line 9 All subsequent lines are processed in a reciprocating movement Coordinate of the starting point in the main axis of i the working plane has Starting point 1st axis Q225 absolute value ates a gt Starting point 2nd axis Q226 absolute value Coordinate of the starting point in the secondary axis of the working plane for Machining Hole Patterns gt Spacing in 1st axis Q237 incremental value Spacing between the individual points on a line gt Spacing in 2nd axis Q238 incremental Spacin
162. program block contains three coordinates The TNC thus moves the tool in space to the programmed position Example See figure at lower right HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 100 57 IONS tals of Path Funct Is of Path Functions 5 IL N Te Circles and circular arcs The TNC moves two axes simultaneously in a circular path relative to the workpiece You can define a circular movement by entering the circle center CC When you program a circle the TNC assigns it to one of the main planes This plane is defined automatically when you set the spindle axis during a tool call Z XY Y ZX X YZ Direction of rotation DR for circular movements When a circular path has no tangential transition to another contour element enter the direction of rotation DR Clockwise direction of rotation DR Counterclockwise direction of rotation DR Radius compensation Radius compensation must be programmed before the block containing the coordinates for the first contour element You cannot begin radius compensation in a circle block It must be activated beforehand in a straight line block Pre positioning Before running a part program always pre position the tool to prevent the possibility of damaging it or the workpiece 58 6 Programming Programming Contours Creating the program blocks with the path function keys Proc anina ane Galt A Use the
163. provides a smoother more continuous surface Machining time is also reduced See figure at center right Example application Surface consisting of a series of straight line segments Effect M90 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed with M90 M90 becomes effective at the start of block Operation with servo lag must be active HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 89 Shey 2 gt a ox aa O C p oa e Q t jam 7 4 Miscellaneous Func is for Contouring Behavior 7 4 Miscellaneous Functio Machining small contour steps M97 Standard behavior The TNC inserts a transition arc at outside corners If the contour steps are very small however the tool would damage the contour See figure at upper right In such cases the TNC interrupts program run and generates the error message TOOL RADIUS TOOL LARGE Behavior with M97 The TNC calculates the intersection of the contour elements as at Inside corners and moves the tool over this point See figure at lower right Program M97 in the same block as the outside corner Effect M97 is effective only in the blocks in which it is programmed with M97 KE A corner machined with M97 will not be completely finished You may wish to rework the contour with a smaller tool Example NC blocks co 0 Large tool radius Move to contour point 13 Machi
164. quence The first block of a program is identified by BEGIN PGM the Path function program name and the active unit of measure Words The subsequent blocks contain information on Block number The blank form tool definitions and tool calls Feed rates and spindle speeds as well as Path contours cycles and other functions The last block of a program is identified by END PGM the pro gram name and the active unit of measure 4 3 Creating and Defining the blank form BLK FORM Immediately after initiating a new program you define a cuboid workpiece blank This definition is needed for the TNC s graphic 7 simulation feature The sides of the workpiece blank lie parallel to the X Y and Z axes and can be up to 30 000 mm long The blank MAX form is defined by two of its corner points Y MIN point the smallest X Y and Z coordinates of the blank form entered as absolute values MAX point the largest X Y and Z coordinates of the blank form entered as absolute or incremental values Ys The TNC can display the graphic only if the short side of the BLK FORM is longer than 1 64 of the long side LIN 34 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids Creating a new part program Program selec on ti File name 187 H You always enter a part program in the Programming and Editing mode of operation Program initiation in an example Select the Programming
165. r for example 12 Q5 Enter O5 for the first value 7 E Enter 7 for the second value HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 163 ours Through Mathematical Functions O O T qd OQ q The TNC displays the following program blocks 10 4 Trigonometric Functions Sine cosine and tangent are terms designating the ratios of sides of right triangles For a right triangle the trigonometric functions of the angle a are defined by the following equations Sine sina a c fad Cosine cosa b c Tangent tana a b sina cosa ae fo where c is the side opposite the right angle a is the side opposite the angle a b is the third side The TNC can find the angle from the tangent b a arctan a arctan a b arctan sin a oos ol Function Soft key ae FN6 SINE FNG a IY mm Example FN6 Q20 SIN O5 SIN X b 10 mm Calculate the sine of an angle in a arctan a b arctan 1 45 degrees and assign It to a parameter Furthermore FN7 COSINE a2 b2 C2 where a2 ax a Example FNZ Q21 COS O5 COS tH Calculate the cosine of an angle in c V a b2 degrees and assign it to a parameter Programming trigonometric functions Press the TRIGONOMETRY soft key to call the trigonometric FN8 ROOT SUM OF SQUARES mm functions The TNC then displays the soft keys that are listed in the Example FN8 Q10 5 LEN 4 ie table at right Calculate and assign length from two value
166. r Q208 0 the tool retracts in FMAX 8 Programming Cycles BACK BORING Cycle 204 This cycle allows holes to be bored from the underside of the workpiece 8 2 Drilling Cycles 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The TNC orients the spindle with M19 to the 0 position X and moves the tool by its off center distance 3 The tool is then plunged into the already bored hole at the feed rate for pre positioning until the tooth has reached set up clearance on the underside of the workpiece 4 The TNC then centers the tool again over the bore hole switches on the spindle and the coolant and moves at the feed rate for boring to the depth of bore 5 If a dwell time is entered the tool will pause at the top of the bore hole and will then be retracted from the hole again The TNC carries out another oriented spindle stop and the tool is once again displaced by the off center distance 6 The TNC moves the tool at the pre positioning feed rate to the set up clearance and then if entered to the 2nd set up clearance with FMAX HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 103 8 2 Drilling Cycles gt 2 N Set up clearance Q200 incremental value Distance between tool tip and workpiece surface Depth of counterbore Q249 incremental value Distance between underside of workpiece and the top of the hole A positive sign means
167. ram Function The ROTATION cycle becomes effective as soon as it is defined in the program It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation The active rotation angle is shown in the additional status display Reference axis for the rotation angle X Y plane X axis Y Z plane Y axis Z X plane Spindle axis CEP Before programming note the following An active radius compensation is canceled by defining Cycle 10 and must therefore be reprogrammed if necessary After defining Cycle 10 you must move both axes of the working plane to activate rotation for all axes 10 Rotation Enter the rotation angle in degrees T2 Input range 360 to 360 absolute or incremental Cancellation Program the ROTATION cycle once again with a rotation angle of 0 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 141 e a 2 or pie Oo e5 e Lam 2 H oa xe im e Oo Q im 8 6 Cycl r Coordinate Transformations E gt Q se 00 SCALING FACTOR Cycle 11 The TNC can increase or reduce the size of contours within a program enabling you to program shrinkage and oversize allowances Function The scaling factor becomes effective as soon as it Is defined in the program It is also effective in the Positioning with MDI mode of operation The active scaling factor is shown in the additional status display Scaling factor in the working plane or on all three coordinate axes
168. ram contours that are defined through mathematical functions You can also use O parameters to make the execution of machining steps depend on logical conditions Q parameters are designated by the letter Q and a number between O and 299 They are grouped according to three ranges Freely applicable parameters global for QO to O99 all programs in the TNC memory When y ou call OEM cycles these parameters are only effective locally depending on MP7251 Parameters for special TNC functions Q100 to Q150 Parameters that are primarily used for cycles Q200 to Q299 globally effective for all programs and OEM cycles that are stored in the TNC memory Programming notes You can mix Q parameters and fixed numerical values within a program Q parameters can be assigned numerical values between 99 999 9999 and 99 999 9999 Ce Some O parameters are always assigned the same data by the TNC For example Q108 is always assigned the current tool radius For further information see section 10 9 Preassigned O Parameters 160 10 Programming O Parameters Calling Q parameter functions When you are writing a part program press the PARAMETER FUNCTIONS soft key The TNC then displays the following soft keys N gt a offs amp A t N By ed a Basic arithmetic assign add subtract TE multiply divide square root ARITHMETIC Tri et TRIGO rigonome
169. range for the Test Run and the programming graphics Press the soft key TRAVERSE RANGE TEST 2nd soft key row after you have activated the MOD function In addition to the axis traverse limits you can also define the position of the workpiece datum referenced to the machine datum C To save any values you have changed press the ENT key HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 217 ts imi 13 8 Entering Traverse Range L 13 9 Running the HELP File 7 The HELP function is not available on every machine Refer to your machine tool builder for more information The HELP function can aid you in situations in which you need clear instructions before you can continue for example to retract the tool after an interruption of power The miscellaneous functions may also be explained and executed in a help file Selecting and executing a HELP function select the MOD function Press the MOD key To select the HELP function Press the HELP soft key Use the up and down arrow keys to select a line in the HELP file which is marked with an 2 LL am ol LLJ m O c c cc 0 m Use the NC start key to execute the selected HELP function 218 13 MOD Functions 14 1 General User Parameters 14 1 General User Parameters General user parameters are machine parameters affecting TNC settings that the user may want to change in accordance with his requirements Some examples of user parameters a
170. re Dialog language Interface behavior Traversing speeds Sequence of machining Effect of overrides Input possibilities for machine parameters Enter the machine parameters as decimal numbers Some machine parameters have more than one function The input value for these machine parameters is the sum of the individual values For these machine parameters the individual values are preceded by a plus sign Selecting general user parameters General user parameters are selected with code number 123 in the MOD functions lt lt The MOD functions also include machine specific user parameters 220 14 Tables and Overviews External data transfer Determining the control character for blockwise transfer Integrating TNC interfaces EXT1 5020 0 and EXT2 5020 1 to an external device MP5020 x 7 data bits ASCII code 8th bit parity 0 8 data bits ASCII code 9th bit parity 1 Block Check Character BCC any 0 Block Check Character BCC control character not permitted 2 Transmission stop through RTS active 4 Transmission stop through RTS inactive 0 Transmission stop through DCS active 8 Transmission stop through DC3 inactive 0 Character parity even 0 Character parity odd 16 Character parity not desired 0 Character parity desired 32 11 5 stop bits 0 2 stop bits 64 1 stop bit 128 1 stop bit 192 RTS always active 0 RTS only active if data transfer has been started 256 Send EOT after ETX
171. rogrammed with the C soft key circular path C This is done in the following ways Entering the Cartesian coordinates of the circle center Using the circle center defined in an earlier block Capturing the coordinates with the ACTUAL POSITION soft key Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key CIRCLE 2nd soft key row CC Coordinates CC Enter the circle center coordinates If you want to use the last programmed position do not enter any coordinates Example NC blocks or The program blocks 10 and 11 do not refer to the illustration Duration of effect The circle center definition remains in effect until a new circle center is programmed Entering the circle center CC incrementally If you enter the circle center with incremental coordinates you have programmed it relative to the last programmed position of the tool CS The only effect of CC is to define a position as circle center The tool does not move to this position The circle center is also the pole for polar coordinates 6 Programming Programming Contours Circular path C around circle center CC Before programming a circular path C you must first enter the circle center CC The last programmed tool position before the C block is used as the circle starting point Move the tool to the circle starting point Select circle functions Press the CIRCLE soft key CIRCLE 2nd soft key row cc Enter the
172. rograms 123 a U PGM ADD CALL EYEL 200 DRILLING RESET DIELL TIME pa 0G ag ON LBL 3B 11 Test Run and Program Run Running a program test Select the PROGRAM RUN operating mode Select the TEST RUN mode of operation TEST Call the file manager with the PGM NAME key and select the file you wish to test or 11 2 Test Run Go to the program beginning Select line O with the GOTO key and confirm you entry with the ENT key The TNC displays the following soft keys 1st or 2nd soft key row 03 26 13 EH Test the entire program START Test each program block individually START SINGLE Show the blank form and test the entire program RESET START Interrupt the test run STOF Running a program test up to a certain block With the STOP AT N function the TNC does a test run up to the block with block number N Go to the beginning of program in the Test Run mode of operation To do a test run up to a certain block press the STOP AT N soft key F Up to block number Enter the number of the a block at which the test run should stop Program If you wish to go into a program that you have called with Cycle 12 PGM CALL enter the number of the program containing the block with the selected block number Repetitions If the block number is located in a program section repeat enter the number of repeats that you want to run To test a program section press the START sof
173. rs HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Subprogram 10 Machining operation Account for allowance and tool based on the cylinder radius Set counter Copy starting angle in space Z X plane Calculate angle increment Shift datum to center of cylinder X axis Account for rotational position in the plane Pre position in the plane to the cylinder center Pre position in the tool axis Set pole in the Z X plane Move to starting position on cylinder plunge cutting obliquely into the material Longitudinal cut in Y direction Update the counter Update solid angle Finished If finished jump to end Move in an approximated arc for the next longitudinal cut Longitudinal cut in Y direction Update the counter Update solid angle Unfinished If not finished return to LBL 1 Reset the rotation Reset the datum shift End of subprogram 181 10 10 Programming Examples 10 10 Programming Examples many short lines in the Z X plane defined via 014 The smaller you define the angle increment the smoother the curve becomes E You can determine the number of contour cuts through the angle increment in the plane defined in 018 E The tool moves upward in three dimensional cuts E The tool radius is compensated automatically ee N Center in X axis Center in Y axis Starting angle in space Z X plane End angle in space Z X plane Angle increment in space Radius of the
174. rvice plc heidenhain de Lathe controls lt gt 49 711 952803 0 E Mail service hsf heidenhain de www heidenhain de Ve 00 331 645 22 4 2003 pdf Subject to change without notice
175. ry In the block buffer you define how many NC blocks are read in through the data interface before the TNC begins the program run The input value for the block buffer depends on the point intervals in the part program For very small point intervals enter a large block buffer For large point intervals enter a small block buffer Proposed value 1000 Software for data transfer For transfer of files to and from the TNC we recommend using the HEIDENHAIN TNCremo data transfer software With TNCremo data transfer is possible with all HEIDENHAIN controls via serial interface Please contact your HEIDENHAIN agent if you would like to receive the TNCremo data transfer software for a nominal fee System requirements for TNCremo AT personal computer or compatible system 640 KB working memory 1 MB free memory space on your hard disk One free serial interface Operating system MS DOS PC DOS 3 00 or later Windows 3 1 or later OS 2 A Microsoft compatible mouse for ease of operation not essential Installation underWindows Start the SETUPEXE installation program in the file manager explorer Follow the instructions of the setup program 214 13 MOD Functions Starting TNCremo underWindows Windows 3 1 3 11 NT Double click on the icon in the program group HEIDENHAIN Applications Windows 95 Click on lt Start gt lt Programs gt lt HEIDENHAIN Applications gt lt I NCremo gt When you start TNCremo for t
176. s Programming See Example Programming fundamental operations 10 4 Trigonometric Functions FN13 ANGLE m Example FN13 Q20 10 ANG Q1 K ANG Y Calculate the angle from the arc tangent of two sides or from the sine and cosine of the angle 0 lt angle lt 360 and assign it to a parameter 164 10 Programming Q Parameters 10 5 If Then Decisions with Q Parameters The TNC can make logical If Then decisions by comparing a Q parameter with another Q parameter or with a numerical value If the condition is fulfilled the TNC continues the program at the label that is programmed after the condition for information on labels see section 9 Subprograms and Program Section Repeats If it is not fulfilled the TNC continues with the next block To call another program as a subprogram enter PGM CALL after the block with the target label Unconditional jumps An unconditional jump is programmed by entering a conditional jump whose condition is always true Example FN9 IF 10 EQU 10 GOTO LBL1 Programming If Then decisions Press the JUMP soft key to call the if then conditions The TNC then displays the following soft keys T OQ i FN9 IF EQUAL JUMP Example FN9 IF 01 EQU 03 GOTO LBL 5 If the two values or parameters are equal jump to the given label FN10 IF NOT EQUAL JUMP Example FN10 IF 10 NE Q5 GOTO LBL 10 If the two values or parameters are not equal jump to the g
177. s and Overviews 14 4 TNC Error Messages The TNC automatically generates error messages when it detects problems such as Incorrect data input Logical errors in the program Contour elements that are impossible to machine Incorrect use of the touch probe system Some of the more frequent TNC error messages are explained in the following list An error message that contains a program block number was caused by an error in the Indicated block or in the preceding block To clear the TNC error message first correct the error and then press the CE key TNC error messages during programming Further program entry impossible Erase some old files to make room for new ones Entry value incorrect Enter a correct label number Note the input limits Ext in output not ready Connect the data transfer cable Transfer cable is defective or not soldered properly Switch on the connected device PC printer The data transfer speeds baud rates are not identical Protected file Cancel edit protection if you wish to edit the file Label number already assigned A given label number can only be entered once in a program Jump to label 0 not permitted Do not program CALL LBL O TNC error messages during test run and program run Axis double programmed Each axis can have only one value for position coordinates Selected block not addressed Before a test run or program run you must enter GOTO 0 Touch point inaccessible m Pre position the 3 D
178. s last active 4 N Sou q lt 0 Sms e _ C Sou c g a q Graphic display mode MP7310 Projection in three planes according to ISO 6433 projection method 1 0 Projection in three planes according to ISO 6433 projection method 2 1 Do not rotate coordinate system for graphic display 0 Rotate coordinate system for graphic display by 90 2 Machining and program run Cycle 17 Oriented spindle stop at beginning of cycle MP7160 Spindle orientation 0 No spindle orientation 1 Effect of Cycle 11 SCALING FACTOR S q4 bm 0 b N _ pom c q q q MP7410 SCALING FACTOR effective in 3 axes 0 SCALING FACTOR effective in the working plane only 1 Cycle 4 POCKET MILLING and Cycle 5 CIRCULAR POCKET MILLING Overlap factor MP7430 0 1 to 1 414 Behavior of M functions MP7440 Program stop with MOG 0 No program stop with MOG 1 No cycle call with M89 0 Cycle call with M89 2 Program stop for M functions 0 No program stop for M functions 4 Do not set axis in position marker for waiting time between two NC blocks 0 Set axis in position marker for waiting time between two NC blocks 32 Angle of tool path directional change up to which the feed rate will remain constant applies for radius compensated inside corners and corners with RO This feature works both during operation with servo lag as well as with velocity f
179. sible Up to 254 tools in the program or in the tool table HELP function 227 e La e t lt e q e Sees O t i a q q Programmable functions Contour elements Program jumps Fixed cycles Coordinate transformations 3 D touch probe applications TNC Specifications Block processing time Control loop cycle time Data transfer rate Ambient temperature Traverse range Traversing speed Spindle speed Input range 228 Straight line Chamfer Circular arc Circle center Circle radius Tangentially connecting circle Corner rounding Straight lines and circular arcs for contour approach and departure Subprograms Program section repeats Drilling cycles for drilling pecking reaming boring back boring tapping with a floating tap holder Roughing and finishing rectangular and circular pockets Cycles for milling linear and circular slots Linear and circular hole patterns Cycles for multipass milling of flat and irregular surfaces Datum shift Mirroring Rotation Scaling Touch probe functions for setting the datum 40 ms block Contouring interpolation 6 ms Maximum 115 200 baud In operation O C to 45 C Storage 30 C to 70 C Maximum 30 m 1181 inches Maximum 30 m min 1181 iInches min Maximum 30 000 rom Minimum 1um 0 0001 inches or 0 001 Maximum 30 000 mm 1 181 Inches or 30 000 14 Table
180. sive nesting Example NC block 1026 Angle reference missing The TNC is to display the text stored under error number 254 1027 No fixed cycle defined 1028 Slot width too large 1029 Pocket too small 180 FN14 ERROR 254 Range of error numbers _ Standard dialog text J090 0707 not defined Q205 not defined 1031 0 299 FN 14 ERROR CODE 0 299 1032 Enter Q218 greater than Q219 1033 CYCL 210 not permitted 300 999 No standard dialog text prepared 1034 CYCL 211 not permitted S 1035 Q220 too large 1036 Q222 must be greater than Q223 1037 Q244 must be greater than O 1038 Q245 must not equal Q246 1039 Angle range must be under 360 1040 Q223 must be greater than Q222 1041 Q214 0 not permitted 1000 1099 Internal error messages see table at right HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 167 ions Funct itiona 10 7 Add ions Funct itiona 10 7 Add FN15 PRINT Output of texts or Q parameter values C Setting the data interface In the menu option RS 232 INTERFACE you must enter where the texts or Q parameters are to be stored See section 13 4 MOD Functions Setting the Data Interface The function FN15 PRINT transfers OQ parameter values and error messages through the data interface for example to a printer When you transfer the data to a PC the TNC stores the data in the file FN1I5RUN A output in program run mode or in the file FN15SIM A output in test run mode To output dialog texts and err
181. sks you for all the information necessary to program the desired function Example of a dialog oe Initiate the dialog 10 Enter the target coordinate for the X axis 5 D Enter the target coordinate for the Y axis Y and go to the next question with ENT Enter No radius compensation and go to the next question with ENT Enter a feed rate of 100 mm min for this path contour go to the next question with ENT 100 3 Enter the miscellaneous function M3 spindle ON pressing the ENT key will terminate this dialog The program blocks window will display the following line HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 Programming and editing Miscellaneous function M BEGIN PGM 145 MM BLK FORM 1 Z X Y BLK FORM 2 X 100 Y 100 L X 10 Y 5 R F1000 E E O END PGM 145 MM 9 A O E O J Sen Q Functions duringthedialog Key __ 4 Ignore the dialog question End the dialog immediately E Abort the dialog and erase the block DEL 37 N z re O O pe A O 4 3 Creating and Editing program lines While you are creating or editing a part program you can select any desired line in the program or individual words in a block with the arrow keys see table at top right Scrolling through the program Press the GOTO key Enter the block number and confirm with ENT and the TNC will go to the indicated block or Press one of the superimposed soft
182. soft key you can restore the original section 40 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids 4 5 HELP function Programming and editing Certain TNC programming functions are explained in more detail in the HELP function You can select a HELP topic using the soft keys Select the HELP function Press the HELP key Select a topic Press one of the available soft keys c 2 J S m gt LL 0 ol M functions Cycle parameters Programming and editing G STOP program run Spindle STOP Coolant OFF HELP that is entered by the machine manufacturers S08 Greate up i 2 STOP program run Spindle STOP Coolant OFF Clear status optional not executable display depending on machine parameter Go te block 1 Spindle ON cleckwise Spindle ON counterclockwise Spindle STOP Tool change STOP program run depending on machine parameter Spindle STOP Go to previous page Coolant ON Coolant OFF Spindle ON clockwise coolant ON a a D D m Spindle ON counterclockwise coolant ON Sane as Maz PAGE Vacant miscellaneous function or Cycle calls modally Go to next page efiective depending on machine parameter Constant contouring speed at corners effective only in lag mode Within the pesitioning block Coordinates are referenced to machine datum BEGIN Within the positioning bleck Coordinates are referenced Go tO beginning of file to position defined by machi
183. t key The TNC will test the program up to the entered block HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 191 11 3 Program Run Program run single block BLOCKLIISE TRANSFER In the Program Run operating mode the TNC executes a part program either in single block or continuously PGM TEST Function Soft ey ED B 1 2 3 4 5 6 gt 8 g Program Run Single Block default setting Program Run Full Sequence F TABLE Im the Program Run Single Block mode you must start each block separately by pressing the NC START button cc re O pe am q q Im the Program Run Full Sequence mode the TNC executes a part program continuously to its end or up to a program stop The following TNC functions can be used in the program run modes of operation Interrupt program run Start program run from a certain block Additional status display Running a part program Preparation 1 Clamp the workpiece to the machine table 2 Datum setting 3 Select the part program status M C You can adjust the feed rate and spindle speed with the override knobs Program Run Full Sequence Start machining program with the NC start button Program Run Single Block Start each block of the part program individually with the NC START button 192 11 Test Run and Program Run Running a part program which contains Program run full sequence coordinates for non controlled axes 0 Y B Y 5 Z 0 L R 1 LL 20 2
184. ta are always referenced to a predetermined point and are described through coordinates The Cartesian coordinate system a rectangular coordinate system is based on three coordinate axes X Y and Z The axes are mutually perpendicular and intersect at one point called the datum A coordinate identifies the distance from the datum in one of these directions A position in a plane is thus described through two coordinates and a position in space through three coordinates Coordinates that are referenced to the datum are referred to as absolute coordinates Relative coordinates are referenced to any other known position datum you define within the coordinate system Relative coordinate values are also referred to as incremental coordinate values Reference systems on milling machines When using a milling machine you orient tool movements to the Cartesian coordinate system The illustration at right shows how the Cartesian coordinate system describes the machine axes The figure at right illustrates the right hand rule for remembering the three axis directions the middle finger is pointing in the positive direction of the tool axis from the workpiece toward the tool the Z axis the thumb is pointing in the positive X direction and the index finger in the positive Y direction The TNC 310 can control up to 4 axes The axes U V and W are secondary linear axes parallel to the main axes X Y and Z respectively Rotary axes are desi
185. the TNC is showing the actual position values Datum setting Fragile workpiece If the workpiece surface must not be scratched you can lay a metal shim of know thickness d on it Then enter a tool axis datum value that is larger than the desired datum by the value a Gl Select the Manual Operation mode 7 4 Move the tool slowly until it touches the workpiece surface DATUM Select the function for setting the datum SET Select the axis Zero tool in spindle axis Set the display to a known workpiece position here 0 or enter the thickness d of the shim In the tool axis offset the tool radius ae Repeat the process for the remaining axes If you are using a preset tool set the display of the tool axis to the length L of the tool or enter the sum Z L d HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 19 re O am p aa v lt T N Lat a 2 a oe O O 0 Q E V O q S x LLI Lam O Sms O O l 0 ms o 3 1 Programming and Executing Sim ple Positioning Blocks The operating mode Positioning with Manual Data Input is particularly convenient for simple machining operations or pre positioning of the tool You can write the a short program in HEIDENHAIN conversational programming and execute it immediately You can also call TNC cycles The program is stored in the file MDI In the operating mode Positio
186. the label LBL The end of a program section repeat is identified by CALL LBL REP Operating sequence 1 The TNC executes the part program up to the end of the labeled program section i e to the block with CALL LBL REP 2 Then the program section between the called LBL and the label call is repeated the number of times entered after REP 3 The TNC then resumes the part program after the last repetition Programming notes You can repeat a program section up to 65 534 times in succession The number behind the slash after REP indicates the number of repetitions remaining to be run The total number of times the program section is executed is always one more than the programmed number of repeats HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 0 BEGIN PGM END PGM 149 n 9 3 Program Section Repeats 9 3 Program Section Repeats Programming a program section repeat LBL SET To mark the beginning press the LBL SET key and enter a label number for the program section you wish to repeat Enter the program section Calling a program section repeat LBL CALL 150 Press the LBL CALL key and enter the label number of the program section you want to repeat as well as the number of repeats with Repeat REP 9 Programming Subprograms and Program Section Repeats 9 4 Nesting You can nest subprograms and program section repeats in the following ways E Subprograms within a subprogram D i me N Q T o
187. the main axes for circular arcs Define both main axes for CC Do not attempt to program locked axes Program a rectangular pocket or slot in the working plane Do not mirror rotary axes Enter a positive chamfer length Program a spindle speed within the programmed range A chamfer block must be located between two straight line blocks with identical radius compensation The program that was read in through the data interface contains incorrect block formats The TNC monitors positions and movements If the actual position deviates excessively from the nominal position this blinking error message is displayed You must press the END key for a few seconds to acknowledge the error message system reset A program cannot be edited while it is being executed Enter complete information for connecting arc Enter end points that lie on the circular path Define a circle center with the CC key n Define a pole with the CC key Only call label numbers that have been set Enter identical scaling factors for coordinate axes in the plane of the circle Enter a smaller tool radius Enter a tool axis for simulation that is the same as the axis in the BLK FORM Radius compensation RR or RL is only possible when tool radius is not equal to 0 Enter tangentially connecting arcs and rounding arcs correctly Rounding arcs must fit between contour elements 14 Tables and Overviews Key non functional Stylus already in contact
188. ting the number of soft key rows These rows can be called with the 8 outside right and left The box representing the active soft key row is filled in Screen layout You select the screen layout yourself In the PROGRAMMING AND EDITING mode of operation for example you can have the TNC show program blocks in the left window while the right window displays programming graphics You could also display help graphics for cycle definition in the right window instead or display only program blocks in one large window The available screen windows depend on the selected operating mode To change the screen layout Press the SPLIT SCREEN key The soft key row VW shows the available layout options Select the desired screen layout GRAPHICS HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 1 2 Visual Display Unit and ovol Keyboard The figure at right shows the keys of the keyboard grouped according to their functions 4 MOD function HELP function 2 Numerical input 3 Dialog buttons 4 Arrow keys and GOTO jump command 5 Modes of Operation 6 Machine control buttons 1 3 Modes of Oper 7 Override control knobs for feed rate spindle speed The functions of the individual keys are described in the foldout of the front cover The exact functioning of the machine control buttons e g NC START is described in more detail in your Machine Manual 1 3 Modes of Operation The TNC offers the following modes of operation for the various
189. tion Reset the datum shift End of subprogram 183 10 10 Programming Examples GEG BBE QS B42 11 1 Graphics E ae O In the Test Run mode of operation the TNC graphically simulates the machining of the workpiece Using soft keys select whether 5 you desire Plan view _ Projection in 3 planes 3 D view The TNC graphic depicts the workpiece as if it were being machined with a cylindrical end mill The TNC will not show a graphic if the current program has no valid blank form definition no program is selected Ce A graphic simulation is not possible for program sections or programs in which rotary axis movements are defined In this case the TNC will display an error message Overview of display modes After you have pressed the PGM TEST soft key in the operating mode Program Run the TNC displays the following soft keys Plan view Projection in 3 planes 3 D view ajeje 186 11 Test Run and Program Run Plan view E gt Press the soft key for plan view The deeper the surface the darker the shade Plan view is the fastest of the three graphic display modes 11 1 Graphics Projection in 3 planes Similar to a workpiece drawing the part is displayed with a plan view and two sectional planes A symbol to the lower left indicates whether the display is in first angle or third angle projection according to ISO 6433 selected with MP7310 In addition you
190. tion file and confirm your entry with the ENT key The TNC copies the file The original file is retained Renaming a file Move the highlight to the file you wish to rename RENAME Select the renaming function Ee Enter the new file name the file type cannot be changed To execute renaming press the ENT key 32 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids Read in read out files To read in or read out files Press the ENT soft key K gt The TNC provides the following functions O c TRANSFER Read in all files E e EXT THC Only read in selected files To accept a file suggested ea by the TNC press the YES soft key a Press the NO soft key if you do not want to accept it f TRANSFER Read in the selected file Enter the file name F TE TRANSFER Read out the selected file Move the highlight TNC to the desired file and confirm with ENT TRANSFER Read out all of the files in the TNC memory E e TNE EXT Display the Tile directories of the external unit SHOW EXT on your TNC screen DIRECTORY HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 33 4 3 Creating and Writing Programs Organization of an NC program in HEIDENHAIN Block 10 L X 10 Y 5 RO F100 M3 conversational format A part program consists of a series of program blocks The figure at right illustrates the elements of a block N z re O O pe am 5 The TNC numbers the blocks in ascending se
191. try with ENT After the probing procedure is completed the TNC displays the coordinates of the circle center and the circle radius PR HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 207 th a 3 D Touch Probe leces WI Workp O i 2 3 1 12 3 Measuring Workpieces with a 3 D Touch Probe With a 3 D touch probe you can determine position coordinates and from them dimensions and angles on the workpiece To find the coordinate of a position on an aligned workpiece EEA To select the touch probe function Press the PROBING POS soft key Move the touch probe to a starting position near the touch point Select the probe direction and axis of the coordinate Use the arrow keys for selection To start probing press the NC START button The TNC shows the coordinates of the touch point as datum Finding the coordinates of a corner in the working plane Find the coordinates of the corner point as described under Cor ner as datum The TNC displays the coordinates of the probed corner as datum Measuring workpiece dimensions RONE To select the touch probe function Press the 4 Pos PROBING POS soft key Position the touch probe at a starting position near the first touch point A Select the probe direction with the arrow key To probe the workpiece press the NC START button If you will need the current datum later write down the value that appears in the Datum display Datum Enter 0 To terminate the d
192. tween workpiece surface and bottom of pocket Plunging depth 3 incremental value Infeed per cut the TNC will advance to the depth in one movement if the plunging depth equals the depth the plunging depth is greater than the depth HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 119 8 3 Cycle wo Pockets Studs and Slots Feed rate for plunging Traversing speed of the tool during penetration 1st side length p Slot length specify the sign to determine the first milling direction 2nd side length 5 Slot width Feed rate F Traversing speed of the tool in the working plane SLOT with reciprocating plunge cut Cycle 210 C Before programming note the following The algebraic sign for the depth parameter determines the working direction The cutter diameter must not be larger than the SLOT WIDTH and not smaller than a third of the SLOT WIDTH The cutter diameter must be smaller than half the slot length The TNC otherwise cannot execute this cycle Roughing process 1 At rapid traverse the TNC positions the tool in the tool axis to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the left circle From there the TNC positions the tool to set up clearance above the workpiece surface 2 The tool moves at the feed rate for milling to the workpiece surface From there the cutter advances in the longitudinal direction of the slot plunge cutting obliquely into the material until it reaches the center of the right circle
193. um Switch the display of coordinates in the status display to REF see section 1 4 Status Displays Behavior with M92 Additional machine datum 7 In addition to the machine datum the machine tool builder can also define an additional machine based position as a reference point For each axis the machine tool builder defines the distance between the machine datum and this additional machine datum Refer to the machine manual for more information If you want the coordinates in a positioning block to be based on the additional machine datum end the block with M92 CEP Radius compensation remains the same in blocks that are programmed with M91 or M92 The tool length however is not compensated Effect M91 and M92 are effective only in the blocks in which they are programmed with M91 or M92 M91 and M92 become effective at the start of block Workpiece datum The figure at right shows coordinate systems with the machine datum and workpiece datum 88 7 Programming Miscellaneous functions 7 4 Miscellaneous Functions for Contouring Behavior Smoothing corners M90 Standard behavior The TNC stops the tool briefly in positioning blocks without tool radius compensation This is called an accurate stop In program blocks with radius compensation RR RL the TNC automatically inserts a transition arc at outside corners Behavior with M90 The tool moves at corners with constant speed This
194. um of the coordinate system origin Each position on the workpiece is uniquely defined by its absolute coordinates Example 1 Holes dimensioned in absolute coordinates Hole Hole 2 Hole 3 X 10 mm X 30 mm X 50 mm Y 10 mm Y 20 mm Y 30 mm Relative workpiece positions Relative coordinates are referenced to the last programmed nominal position of the tool which serves as the relative imaginary datum When you write a part program in incremental coordinates you thus program the tool to move by the distance between the previous and the subsequent nominal positions Incremental coordinates are therefore also referred to as chain dimensions To program a position in incremental coordinates enter the prefix soft key before the axis Example 2 Holes dimensioned with relative coordinates Absolute coordinates of hole 4 X 10 mm Y 10 mm 5 referenced to hole 4 Hole 6 referenced to hole 5 IX 20 mm IX 20 mm IY 10 mm IY 10 mm Absolute and incremental polar coordinates Absolute polar coordinates always refer to the pole and the reference axis Incremental polar coordinates always refer to the last programmed nominal position of the tool HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 30 20 10 29 4 1 a iii of NC 4 1 run ntas of NC Selecting the datum A production drawing identifies a certain form element of the workpiece usually a corner as the absolute datum Before setting the datum
195. versing speed of the tool during boring in mm min gt Dwell time at depth 0211 Time in seconds that the tool remains at the hole bottom Retraction feed rate Q208 Traversing speed of the tool in mm min when retracting from the hole If you enter Q208 0 the tool retracts at feed rate for plunging gt Workpiece surface coordinate Q203 absolute value Coordinate of the workpiece surface 2nd set up clearance Q204 incremental value Coordinate in the tool axis at which no collision between tool and workpiece clamping devices can occur 100 Q203 8 Programming Cycles Disengaging direction 0 1 2 3 4 Q214 Determine the direction in which the TNC retracts the tool at the hole bottom after spindle orientation Do not retract tool Retract tool in the negative main axis direction Retract tool in the negative secondary axis direction Retract tool in the positive main axis direction e YS Retract tool in the positive secondary axis direction Danger of collision Check the position of the tool tip when you program a spindle orientation to 0 for example in the Positioning with Manual Data Input mode of operation Align the tool tip so that it is parallel to a coordinate axis Select a disengaging direction in which the tool moves away trom the edge of the hole UNIVERSAL DRILLING Cycle 203 1 The TNC positions the tool in the tool axis at rapid traverse FMAX to the programmed set u
196. without radius Tangentially connecting circular arc between the preceding and the following contour element without angle of traverse with radius Tangentially connecting circular arc with programmed radius to the following contour element with angle of traverse without radius Tangentially connecting circular are with angle of traverse to the following contour element with angle of traverse with radius Tangentially connecting circular arc with connecting line and angle of traverse to the following contour element Tangent with connecting tangential circular arc to the following contour element APPR LN APPR CT APPR LCT HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 APPR DEP A C Z DEP LT DEP LN DEP CI DEP LCT Approach Departure Line Circle Tangential smooth connection Normal perpendicular Tangential connection to the preceding contour element Perpendicular connection to the preceding contour element without angle of traverse without radius Tangentially connecting circular arc between the preceding and the following Contour element without angle of traverse with radius Tangentially connecting circular arc with programmed radius to the preceding contour element with angle of traverse without radius Tangentially connecting circular arc with angle of traverse to the preceding contour element with angle of traverse with radius Tangentially connecting circular arc with connecting line and angle of travers
197. working plane First side length Q218 incremental value Pocket length parallel to the main axis of the working plane Second side length Q219 incremental value Pocket length parallel to the secondary axis of the working plane Corner radius Q220 Radius of the pocket corner It you make no entry here the TNC assumes that the corner radius is equal to the tool radius Allowance in 1st axis Q221 incremental Allowance in the main axis of the working plane referenced to the length of the pocket This value is only required by the TNC for calculating the preparatory position Ma NZ 8 Programming Cycles STUD FINISHING Cycle 213 1 The TNC moves the tool in the tool axis to set up clearance or if programmed to the 2nd set up clearance and subsequently to the center of the stud 2 From the stud center the tool moves in the working plane to the Starting point for machining The starting point lies to the right of the stud by a distance approx 3 5 times the tool radius 3 If the tool is at the 2nd set up clearance it moves in rapid traverse FMAX to set up clearance and from there advances to the first plunging depth at the feed rate for plunging 4 The tool then moves tangentially to the contour of the finished part and using climb milling machines one revolution 5 After this the tool departs the contour tangentially and returns to the starting point in the working plane
198. xample 045 COS 45 Tangent of an angle Example O46 TAN 45 HEIDENHAIN TNC 310 SART HEHA TL SIN COs TAN 173 10 8 Entering Formulas Directly Arc sine Inverse of the sine Determine the angle from the ratio of the opposite side to the hypotenuse Example Q10 ASIN 0 75 Arc cosine Inverse of the cosine Determine the angle from the ratio of the adjacent side to the hypotenuse Example Q11 ACOS 040 Arc tangent Inverse of the tangent Determine the angle from the ratio of the opposite to the adjacent side Example Q12 ATAN Q50 Powers Example Q15 343 Constant pi 3 14159 60 015 PI Natural logarithm LN of a number Base 2 7183 Example Q15 LN Q11 Logarithm of a number base 10 Example O33 LOG 022 Exponential function 2 7183 Example Q1 EXP Q12 Negate multiplication by 1 Example Q2 NEG Q1 Drop places after the decimal point form an integer Example Q3 INT 042 Absolute value Example 04 ABS 022 Drop places before the decimal point form a fraction Example Q5 FRAC Q23 174 ASIN ACOS ATAN u H LOG EXP NEG H D E n Lea FRAC Check the sign of a number e g 012 SGN O50 If result for Q12 1 Q50 gt 0 If result for Q12 1 Q50 lt 0 SGN Rules for formulas Mathematical formulas are programmed according to the following rules Higher level operations are performed first mu
199. you align the workpiece with the machine axes and move the tool in each axis to a known position relative to the workpiece You then set the TNC display to either zero or a predetermined position value This establishes the reference system for the workpiece which will be used for the TNC display and your part program If the production drawing is dimensioned in relative coordinates simply use the coordinate transformation cycles For further information refer to section 8 6 Coordinate Transformation Cycles If the production drawing is not dimensioned for NC set the datum at a position or corner on the workpiece which is the most suitable for deducing the dimensions of the remaining workpiece positions The fastest easiest and most accurate way of setting the datum is by using a 3 D touch probe from HEIDENHAIN For further information refer to section 12 2 Setting the Datum with a 3 D Touch Probe Example The workpiece drawing at right illustrates the holes 1 to 4 which are dimensioned to an absolute datum with the coordinates X 0 Y 0 The holes5 to 7 are referenced to a relative datum with the absolute coordinates X 450 Y 750 By using the DATUM SHIFT cycle you can shift the datum temporarily to the position X 450 Y 750 and program the holes5 to 7 without any further calculations 30 4 Programming Fundamentals of NC File Management Programming Aids 4 2 File management Files and file man

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