CPjM2 ON NORTH STAR DISK OOUBLE DENSITY
Contents
1. EQU EQU EQU EQU ORG 24 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM 5300H MSIZE 24 1024 BIOS 700H 2700H USER USER TO OVERLAY SYSGEN IMAGE ORIGIN OF THIS PROGRAM THE JUMP TABLE FOLLOWING MUST BE PRESENT THE SEQUENCE OF JUMPS MAY NOT BE CHANGED HCINIT HCONST HCONIN HCONOUT HLIST HPUNCH HREADER HPRST HORINO HORINI HORIN2 HOROUTO JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP JMP DB DW TINIT HORSTO HORINO HOROUTO HOROUT1 HOROUTO HORINO HORPRST 0 0 0 HORLEN INPUT ROUTINES IN ANI JZ IN ANI RET IN ANI JZ IN PUSH MVI OUT POP ANI RET 3 HORINO 7FH HORINI 7FH 6 2 HORIN2 0 PSW A 30H 6 PSW 7FH OUTPUT ROUTINES IN ANI INIT I O PORTS AND PARITY CONSOLE STATUS CONSOLE INPUT CONSOLE OUTPUT PRINTER RIGHT SERIAL PORT PUNCH CONS OUTPUT READER CONS INPUT PRINTER STATUS NOT IMPLEM RESERVED LENGTH OF THIS PROGRAM LEFT SERIAL PORT RIGHT SERIAL PORT PARALLEL PORT MOTHERBOARD STATUS READ KEYBOARD SAVE CHAR RESET PI FLAG LEFT SERIAL PORT CP M2 5A4B 5A4E 5A4F 5A51 5A52 5A54 5A56 5A59 SASA 5A5C SASD SASF 5A61 5A64 5 66 5A68 5A69 5A6B 5A6D 5A6F 5A71 5A73 5A75 5A77 5A78 SATA ZAJC 5A7D SATE 5A80 5A82 5A84 5A85 5A87 5A88 5A89 00E8 SABA 5A8D 5A8F 5A90 5A91 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK CA475A 79 D302 c9 DB05 E6012. Software Product Name Version No Disk Format Serial Number Computer Type CPU Type Operating System Serial Number Version Memory Size Number of Disk Drives Please describe the problem you have encountered Include references to the manual if appropriate Try to reduce the problem to a simple test case Enclose any appropriate listings If you have discovered a patch or interim solution please describe it This form may also be used to suggest enhancements to our software products Information on product changes and current version numbers are published in Lifelines our software newsletter PROBLEM DESCRIPTION Name Phone Address City State Zip Return to Lifeboat Associates 1651 Third Avenue New York New York 10028 lspr 08 01 80
3. C38F5A 3E41 D3CO AF D306 D306 D306 D306 3EC1 D3C0 3E4E D303 D305 3E37 D303 D305 DB02 DBO4 3E30 D306 3E60 D306 3EOD C3695A OODB TINCP TINU NOPAR HSBIT ADI MOV JZ MOV MOV INR JNZ INR JZ MOV ANI JNZ JMP MVI OUT Z T gt Zz Z gt gt 6 gt am nat sr raz a SKIP 400H OVER PROM READ ALL MEMORY PUT BACK WITH PARITY SET NOW INIT MOTHERBOARD AND SET UP SERIAL PORTS HERE IF NO PARITY OPTION CONFIG 123H DEFAULT XRA OUT OUT OUT OUT MVI OUT Gy OY OY OY gt A 0C1H OCOH SET STOP BITS HERE CONFIG 121H DEFAULT PRODUCES 1 STOP BIT CONFIG 121H 2 PRODUCES 2 STOP BITS OCEH SETS 2SBITS 16X CLOCK 8BITS NO PAR 04EH SETS 1SBIT 16X CLOCK 8BITS NO PAR MVI MVI OUT OUT MVI OUT OUT IN IN MVI OUT MVI OUT MVI JMP HORLEN EQU A OCEH A 4EH UL J jasi FOR 2 STOP BITS FOR 1 STOP BIT TO FIRST SERIAL PORT TO SECOND SERIAL PORT CMMD RTS ER RXF DIR TXEN FIRST PORT SECOND PORT CLEAR INPUT BUFFERS ON BOTH SERIAL PORTS RESET PARALLEL PORT PI FLAG CODE TO SET PO FLAG OUTPUT CARRIAGE RETURN TO PARALLEL PORT LENGTH LIFEBOAT ASSOCIATES SOFTWARE PROBLEM REPORT Please use this form to report errors or problems in software supplied by Lifeboat Associates This form is designed to act as a transmittal sheet and problem details can be described on additional pages Date
4. DEFAULT IS 1 STOP BIT SET TO 2 IF 2 STOP BITS NEEDED e o No ADDRESS 122H CHANGES LIST DEVICE TO EITHER OF LEFT SERIAL PORT HOROUTO RIGHT SERIAL PORT HOROUTI OR PARALLEL PORT HOROUT2 DEFAULT 1S PRINTER ON RIGHT SERIAL PORT IE HLIST WILL JMP TO HOROUTI SET TO 0 IF PRINTER ON LEFT SERIAL PORT SET TO 2 IF PRINTER ON PARALLEL PORT ADDR 123H SELECTS PARITY OPTION ON MEMORY BOARDS SET TO 1 IF PARITY 1S BEING USED WHICH WILL CAUSE HCINIT TO JMP TO TINIT DEFAULT WILL CAUSE HCINIT TO JMP TO NOPAR WHICH IGNORES PARITY INITIALIZATION e no NE RS ne BOF RO WE e ADDR 124H CHANGES THE PAGE ADDRESS IN TINIT IF YOUR CONTFOLLER BOARD ADDRESS IS NOT E800H AND MEMORY PARITY IS USED SET AT ADDR 123H SET 124H EQUAL TO PAGE ADDRESS OF YOUR BOARD DEFAULT IF NOT SET IS STANDARD 0E8H IN TINIT 23 CP M2 0018 5300 5A00 CDOO 5A00 5A00 5A03 5A06 5A09 5A0C SAOF 5A12 5A15 5A18 5A1B 5A1D SAJF 5A21 5A24 5A26 5A28 5A29 5A2B 5A2D 5A30 5A32 5A34 5A35 5A37 5A39 5A3C 5A3E 5A3F 5A41 5A43 5A44 5A46 5A47 5A49 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK C38A5A C3785A C31D5A C3475A C3525A C3475A C31D5A C3885A 000000 DB00 DB03 E602 CA1D5A DBO2 E67F C9 DBO5 E602 CA295A DB04 E67F C9 DB06 E602 CA355A DB00 FS 3E30 D306 Fl E67F c9 DB03 E601 CHANGE MSIZE TO THE NOMINAL SYSTEM SIZE DESIRED MSIZE BIOS USER OFFSET
5. CA525A 79 D304 C9 DB06 E601 CA5D5A 3E20 D306 79 F680 D300 EE80 D300 EE80 D300 E67F C9 DB03 E602 C8 3EFF DB05 E602 3EFF C9 210000 16E8 7C BA C29A5A HOROUT1 HOROUT2 TIN1 JZ HOROUTO MOV A C OUT 2 RET RIGHT SERIAL PORT IN 5 ANI 1 JZ HOROUTI MOV A C OUT 4 RET PARALLEL OUTPUT IN 6 MOTHERBOARD STATUS ANI 1 JZ HOROUT2 MVI A 20H RESET PO FLAG OUT 6 OUTPUT CHAR MOV A C LOAD ACCUMULATOR ORI 80H SET STROBE FALSE OUT 0 SEND CHARACTER XRI 80H TOGGLE STROBE OUT 0 XRI 80H TOGGLE STROBE AGAIN OUT 0 ANI 7FH MASK TO ASCII RET STATUS ROUTINES HORSTO IN 3 LEFT SERIAL PORT ANI 2 RZ NO KEY MVI A OFFH RET KEY HORST1 IN 5 RIGHT SERIAL PORT ANI 2 RZ NO KEY MVI A OFFH RET KEY HORPRST HORWINIT XRA A RET NOT IMPLEMENTED e e TINIT REWRITES ALL RAM TO SET PARITY CORRECT PROMLOC EQU 0OE800H 256 AND OFFH ADDR OF PROM TINIT COME HERE IF PARITY OPTION CONFIG 123H 1 LXI H 0 CONFIG 124H SETS PROMLOC DEFAULT IS OE8H MVI D PROMLOC TINKL MOV A H CMP D TINCP JNZ 25 CP M2 5A94 5A96 5A97 5A9A 5A9B 5A9C SA9D 5AAO SAAA SAA5 SAA7 SAAD SAAF 5AB1 5AB2 5AB4 DAB6 5AB8 SABA SABC SABE SACO 5AC2 5AC4 5AC6 5AC8 5ACA SACC SACE 5AD2 5AD4 5AD6 5AD8 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK C604 67 CAAD5A 7E 77 2C C29A5A 24 CAAD5A 7C E603 C29A5A
6. HIGH for the feature to be ACTIVE Option l READ AFTER WRITE Use of Read After Write causes the system to read and verify the data on the disk after each sector is written Any read error would result in repeated re tries of the write and subsequent verification until the data is correctly written onto the disk Use of this feature will cause no degredation in the speed of disk reading but will slow disk writing by a factor of about four times The position of this bit is value 40 hex bit 6 The distribution system is shipped with this bit LOW which causes this feature to be NOT active Option 2 ENABLE INTERRUPTS AFTER DISK ACCESS The drivers of this system disable interrupts during a disk 11 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK access since the code is real time dependent Otherwise an interrupt during disk access would cause an error Since the 8080 and 8085 processors are not able to read the status of the interrupt flag the status cannot be restored to its original condition This feature permits the user either in general or under program control to exit from disk accesses with interrupts either enabled or disabled The position of this bit is value 10 hex bit 4 The distribution system is shipped with this bit HIGH and thus this feature is ACTIVE That is interrupts are ENABLED on exit from a disk access Option 3 RUN AUTO AFTER A COLD OR WARM BOOT CP M includes a feature allowing executi
7. containing your CP M System d License Agreement and Registration Card ACTION Check that you have received all of the above material if there is anything missing contact your dealer or Lifeboat Associates Check that the diskette is in good condition It should not be bent or damaged in any way Every CP M software system has an unique serial number It is shown on your distribution copy of the diskette and the same number is embedded in the software for identification purposes Record this number and use it when corresponding with Lifeboat Associates regarding your software When you copy your system disk for your own use put the copyright notice and serial number on the copy CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK MEMORY REQUIREMENTS AND ADDRESS In order to run CP M you must have at least 24K of continuous RAM memory starting at address zero For most practical purposes between 32K and 48K will be desirable The North Star DOS System has been configured to start at memory location 2000 Hex 8K in the standard version Most computer systems using the North Star Disk System have their memory addressed to start at that location because no memory is required below 2000 Hex CP M requires that memory boards be addressed at zero 0000 Hex Therefore before attempting to run CP M re address your memory boards to provide contiguous memory from 0000 hex to the limit of your memory If you have North Star RAM 16 or RAM
8. 3 Place your CP M master disk in drive 2 STEP 4 Remove the DOS disk and place a new blank disk in drive l Now press lt CR gt The copying process will start upon completion DOS will report COPY COMPLETED STEP 5 You now have a working copy of your CP M disk in drive l Put the master copy away for safe keeping You will use the working copy for the configuration process STEP 6 Type GO CPM lt CR gt next to the prompt RESULT The drive motor will start the LED on the drive will come on and CP M will sign on with the following message CP M on North Star disk Double density Quad capacity 24K Version 2 01 Copyright C 1979 Lifeboat Associates A gt X x x NOTE kkk If the CP M system signs on but the CP M prompt A gt does not appear the memory has not been re addressed to 0000 hex If this happens remove the disk turn off the computer and re address the memory boards to provide continuous memory from 0000 Hex to the upper limit of your memory boards Then power up and re start from Step l STEP 7 Next to the A gt type A gt DDT CONFIG COM lt CR gt RESULT The Dynamic Debugging Tool DDT will sign on as follows DDT VERS 1 4 NEXT PC 0B00 0100 The dash is the DDT prompt S120 lt CR gt Enter S120 after the DDT prompt 120 FF DDT shows the contents of addr 120 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK STEP 8 Enter correct byte from following table LIS
9. 32 memory boards the address switches each represent 8K If you have another type of memory board consult the applicable manual FIRST BOOT PROCEDURE This procedure will only work with your distribution copy of the CP M System disk or a direct unmodified copy It is intended for a Horizon Computer or any North Star Disk System MDS with the North Star DOS running at 2000 Hex Either a system with a standard PROM set at E800 hex or a non standard PROM will work with your CP M disk STEP 1 Insert your North Star DOS System disk in Drive 1 and boot the system by running the computer from E800 hex On the Horizon computer press the RESET switch on the upper right hand rear panel RESULT The North Star DOS will sign on with this message NORTH STAR DOS x xxx x xxx is the version number Double density prompt STEP 2 Enter the copy disk program as follows GO CD lt CR gt Note All through this manual lt CR gt means press carrige return DOS will respond with COPY FROM DRIVE 2 lt CR gt In this case you enter 2 TO DRIVE 1 lt CR gt In this case you enter 1 COPY BOTH SIDES Y OR N N lt CR gt In this case enter N TO COPY SIDE A ONLY LOAD DISKETTES AND PRESS RETURN WHEN READY CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK CAUTION BE SURE THAT YOUR CP M DISK HAS A WRITE PROTECT TAB COVERING THE NOTCH ON THE UPPER RIGHT EDGE OF THE DISK IF IT DOES NOT HAVE ONE PUT ONE THERE STEP
10. AND SYSGEN IMAGE e Kk K k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kk k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kk k k k k k k k k kk k e e e we se TRACK SECTOR SYSGEN 24K DISK ADDR FORMAT 0 1 N A N A 00 BOOT 0 17 0900H 3C00H 04 5CCP 0 19 OA00H 3D00H 044100H BDOS O 35 1200H 4500H MSG 1 22 1F80H 5280H BIOS 1 23 36 2000H 5300H MODE 1 36 26FFH 59FFH USER 1 37 40 2700H SA00H 19 BUFFER 1 N A 2900H 5C00H DATA N A N A 2B00H 5E00H TOP OF SYSTEM IS 2CFFH 5FFFH LKKKkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk FORMAT INFORMATION ikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk FORMAT BYTE AT TRACK 0 SECTOR 0 BYTE 5CH CP M DEN SIDES FORMAT BYTE DOS 71 4 SD 1X 10H 000100008 S 16 l 4 DD 1X 90H 10010000B D 16 2 0 DD 1X OBOH 101100008 D 48 2 0 DD 2X OFOH 11110000B D 240 AN LI COMMAND UNDER NORTH STAR DOS WILL DISPLAY A DIRECTORY ENTRY NAMED FORMAT WITH THE TYPE FILE AS UNDER THE DOS COLUMN kikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkikkkkkkkkkkki 77 SKIP TABLES p kkkkkkkkkkkkikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkikkkkkkkiki DOUBLE DENSITY SKIP TABLE WITH NORTH STAR 0 9 SECTORS pB 0 5 1 6 2 7 3 8 4 9 DOUBLE DENSITY SKIP TABLE CP M TYPE SECTORS O EACH 512 BYTE SECTOR IS 4 CP M TYPE SECTORS 512 BYTE SECTOR 0 IS CP M SECTOR 1 2 3 4 DB l 2 3 4 21 22 23 24 DB 5 6 7 8 25 26 27 28 DB 9 10 11 12 29 30 31 32 DB 13 14 15 16 33 34 35 36 DB 17 18 19 20 37 38 39 40 21 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DEN
11. CP M2 ON NORTH STAR DISK DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY USER S NOTES BY LIFEBOAT ASSOCIATES 1651 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK N Y 10028 TELELPHONE 212 860 0300 TELEX 220501 CP M2 ON NORTH STAR DISK DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY BY LIFEBOAT ASSOCIATES 1651 THIRD AVENUE NEW YORK N Y 10028 COPYRIGHT C 1979 X NOTE The names NORTH STAR and HORIZON are trade names of North Star Computers Berkley Ca CP M is copyright and trademark of Digital Research Pacific Grove Ca Z80 is a trademark of Zilog Inc Cupertino Ca This manual and portions of this software system are copyright by Lifeboat Associates New York N Y License to use this copyright material is granted to an individual for use on a single computer system only after execution and return of the registration card to Lifeboat Associates and Digital Research Revision 1 1 December 1979 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORIH STAR DISK TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 00 78 do s s obla GENERAL INFORMATION CPM AND THE NORIH STAR SYSTEM WHAT IS CP M E OA A A BRIEF HISTORY OF CP M We ee St PE NEM GETTING STARTED b g se s so YOUR CP M PACKAGE f S MEMORY REQUIREMENTS AND ADDRESS S FIRST BOOT PROCEDURE 6 s s e 6 4 LIST OF STANDARD TERMINALS RE SIZING YOUR SYSTEM SYSTEM OPTIONS e a s e lt CONFIG OPTIONS oe 6 DOUBLE SIDED AND FAST SEEKING D
12. ERROR The fix for this is to extend your CP M system to the fullest extent of your RAM memory This may be done by running the MOVCPM COM program provided on your system disk kkk NOTE kkk A new system created with MOVCPM COM is an unconfigured system CONFIG COM must be on the disk when attempting to boot up any unconfigured system Additionally CONFIG COM should have been patched at 120 hex for your specific terminal from the table of standard configurations For example CONFIG COM should have been patched with an 83 hex at address 120 hex if you have a Horizon computer This example takes you through running MOVCPM COM to create a 48K system and putting the new system on a disk ready to boot up A gt MOVCPM 48 lt CR gt Constructing 48K CP M Version 2 01 for guad North Star disk New CP M in memory at 900H sysgen image is ready for SYSGEN or SAVE 40 CPM48 COM A gt SYSGEN lt CR gt SYSGEN Version 2 4 Distributed by Lifeboat Associates for CP M 2 0 on guad North Star Source drive NAME or RETURN to skip lt CR gt CP M image in RAM at 900H is ready to write or reboot and SAVE 40 CPMxx COM Destination drive NAME or RETURN to reboot B lt CR gt Place DESTINATION disk on B then type RETURN lt CR gt Function complete Destination drive NAME or RETURN to reboot lt CR gt A gt The disk in drive B is now ready to be placed in drive A and booted up Remember CONFIG COM must be patched and on the dis
13. FG byte at 59F8 hex for two sided or fast stepping drives or making a permanent change in the MODE BYTE Complete definitions of these are in Appendix A Any changes in the USER AREA would be for the purpose of making a quick patch to your CONSOLE LIST PUNCH or READER routines These patches could be made with DDT and if they prove satisfactory permanently saved on the system disk with SAVEUSER To run the program simply type SAVEUSER It will sign on and ask for confirmation that you really wish to write onto the disk in drive A A lt CR gt response will begin the write You may also abort without writing anything by entering control C SYSGEN PROCEDURE The SYSGEN PROCEDURE is an advanced method of changing your system configuration It should only be used when your system is running properly and you have become completely familiar with the features of CP M This procedure uses the ED COM editor the ASM COM assembler the DDT COM debugger and the SYSGEN COM program Familiarize yourself with the use of these programs before attempting to change your system configuration in this way This procedure uses the facilities of CP M to create an assembly language file containing your customized 1 0 Use as a starting point USER ASM which contains the proper equates and jump table Modify USER ASM using ED to suit your own purposes Be sure to change the equate for MSIZE in the file to the desired memory size of your CP M Next assemble yo
14. LITIES MANUAL PAR 6 3 PAGE 17 PIP COM This is the Peripheral Interchange Program which is used to transfer files from disk to disk It also does such things as media conversion necessary to load print punch copy and combine disk files Study all the uses and forms of the PIP program very carefully You will use it a lot REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAR 6 4 PAGE 18 STAT COM Another one of the important CP M programs This one provides statistical information about the file storage and the device asignment REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAR 6 1 PAGE 13 SUBMIT COM This program allows CP M commands to be batched together for automatic processing XSUB COM Used with SUBMIT REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAR 6 7 PAGE 28 SYSGEN COM This program allows the CP M operating system to be moved from disk to disk REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAR 6 6 PAGE 27 DUMP ASM This is a sample ASM file which shows how CP M programs are written in assembly language SPECIAL NOTE THE FOLLOWING PROGRAMS ARE SPECIALLY DESIGNED TO BE USED WITH THE NORTH STAR CP M SYSTEM THEY ARE ALL TUTORIAL AND WILL PROMPT YOU AT EACH STEP LIST COM Lists the directory and number of records for each program on your disk Its forms are A gt LIST lt CR gt or A gt LIST B lt CR gt FO
15. ONFG byte for your drives In the example above drives A B and D are set for two sided operation so bits 7 6 and 4 are set to 1 2 Use DDT to set this byte at location 59F8 hex in the standard 24K system 26F8 in sysgen image 3 After the CONFG byte has been changed and is working satisfactorily it may be permanently saved on disk by SAVEUSER 4 Now run the FORMAT program and follow the prompts to format a disk to CP M 2 0 double sided format Note IF the CONFG byte has not been properly set for double sided operation on the drive being used to format the FORMAT program will not permit double sided formatting 5 Files may now be transferred to your double sided disk with the PIP program by placing the single sided disk containing files in drive A the newly formatted double sided disk in B typing control C to login the disks and then the command PIP A B VO lt CR gt The files will transfer one by one informing you of each named file transferred Run STAT after this process and you should find the B drive has much more space left than A even though both disks contain the same files e If you have a one drive system use FILECOPY to transfer each file individually to the double sided disk 10 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORIH STAR DISK 6 Once files are placed on a double sided formatted disk for the first time with PIP or FILECOPY the COPY program may be used to copy all the data from one double s
16. RIVES SETTING UP FOR DOUBLE SIDED DRIVES MODE BYTE OPTIONS w w s e w evi CHANGING THE I O CONFIGURATION PATCHING WITH SAVEUSER oo SYSGEN PROCEDURE s s e s lt s lt Je DEFINITIONS OF CP M PROGRAMS MOVCPM COM ma ess s s s s ooo ASM COM o e s s os s lt s I e e DEE GOM Q lt lt ta a ik an v A Wie e S DUMP COM ees s 8 EBD COM ae fe S we s ven fe Ae S ye le LOAD COM s es s lt s e ene PIP COM wiata es w ee a t STAT SCOM re a avi ie Sw Jese kave SUBMIT COM esee es s e SYSGEN COM e e e ese ee ese DUMP ASM a s s s lt s o e e e LIST COM lt lt aie e A U ee FORMAT COM e s lt lt w we lt lt COPY COM e s w v e e w occ FILECOPY COM s e s s s s s p t a SAVEUSER COM eses s s a e CONFIG COM seee s o S n e e USER ASM ai s s s e MEMR COM lt s s osooso NORMAL OPERATION DE DISKETTE COMPATABILITY e es sU e Se USING MASTER COM DISKS APPENDIX A DISK TECHNICAL INFORMATION APPENDIX B HORIZON USER AREA LISTING CO WI 0 Di BROD tS DN i EH CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK INTRODUCTION GENERAL INFORMATION Thank you for buying CP M Software from Lifeboat Associates You have purchased the most useful software system ever written for the 8080 and 280 microcomputers and a
17. RMAT COM This program will format a raw diskette for single or double density It will format a double sided disk when the special double sided byte is set as described in para 4 of ERRATA AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION FOR SYSTEM SOFTWARE MANUAL REVISION 2 1 DATED JULY 27 1979 BY NORIH STAR COMPUTERS INC This byte which is in North Star DOS at 2034 hex should be placed in CP M at 59F8 hex in a 24K system and will cause CP M to operate in double sided mode and or fast stepping mode 18 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK It is possible to format a CP M on North Star diskette into one of four possible formats The available formats are Double density CP M Vers 2 0 Type D 48 Single sided Quad capacity CP M Vers 2 0 Type D 240 Double density sided Single density CP M Vers 1 4 Type S 16 Double density CP M Vers 1 4 Type D 16 Old Vers 1 45 Note Only quad capacity does double sided disks You should always use D 48 if your drives are single sided or D 240 if double sided The D 16 formats are provided so you can read and write disks in older formats The format program will produce a directory entry called FORMAT which may be read by the North Star DOS LI command This entry will be in the sixth directory position and will contain the type information above This is one way to see if a diskette is properly formatted for CP M If a disk has not been formatted with FORMAT COM CP M will assume t
18. SITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkka Hi MODE AREA MISC DATA kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk e wo w ORG 59EDH IN 24K SYSTEM i PATCH LOCATIONS FOR YOUR OWN ROUTINES UWINIT RET NOP NOP CALLED ON WARM BOOT JOFTEN RET NOP NOP LIKE DOS DB 0 RESERVED TYPERR DB 0 TYPE OF DISK ERROR GLBERR DB 0 GLOBAL ERROR COUNT NTRKS DB 35 TRACKS PER DRIVE DB 0 RESERVED RIA PE DRIVE CONFG BYTE ET EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEEE EEE EEEE EE EEEE EEEE EEEE CONFG BYTE AT 59F8H IN 24K SYSTEM IS SAME USED BY DOS TO TELL SYSTEM IF DRIVE IS DOUBLE SIDED OR FAST STEPPING BITS 1 2 3 4 SET INDICATE FAST STEPPING IN ORDER A B C D BITS 7 6 5 4 SET INDICATE DOUBLE SIDED IN ORDER A B C D CONFG DB OFOH DBL SIDED DB 0 RESERVED e kkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk DRIVE PARAMETERS k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k k kk k k kk k THESE DRIVE PARAMETERS ARE SET THE FIRST TIME A DISK IS ACCESSED AFTER A WARM BOOT CP M READS THE FORMAT INFORMATION ON TRACK 0 AND TRANSFERS IT TO THE CORRECT TABLE LOCATION e n DRVPAR AT 59FAH IN 24K SYSTEM DB OFOH A 2 0 DD DS DB OBOH B 2 0 DD SS DB 090H C 1 4 DD SS DB 10H D 1 4 SD SS DB 0 RESERVED THE ABOVE EXAMPLE DRIVE PARAMETERS ARE THE 4 POSSIBLE FORMATS DSTY EQU 80H BIT DENSITV 0 SD 1 DD SIDED EQU 40H sBI
19. SULT DDT will sign on with it s version number and then the DDT prompt a minus sign A gt DDT FILENAME COM lt CR gt A filename can also be specified which will cause DDT to automatically load FILENAME COM at 100 hex In this case DDI will display a hex number under NEXT is the next address after the highest byte of FILENAME This may be used to calculate the program size or the number of pages needed to SAVE the program on disk REFERENCE CP M MANUAL CP M DYNAMIC DEBUGGING TOOL USER S GUIDE DUMP COM This program types the contents of a specified disk file in hexadicimal form with the HEX address listed at the left of each 16 bytes line REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAGE 30 ED COM This file contains the CP M Editor It permits creation and alteration of text files in ASCII under CP M In addition programs in the compiled versions of high level languages such as BASIC and FORTRAN can be entered through the ED context editor REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL 17 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK PAGE 25 PAR 6 5 and CP M MANUAL ED A CONTEXT EDITOR FOR THE CP M DISK SYSTEM USER S MANUAL LOAD COM This program reads a file that contains HEX machine code such as produced as output by the assembler and creates a file called FILENAME COM i e A gt LOAD TESTFILE CR REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACI
20. T OF STANDARD TERMINALS Status Data 0 ALTAIR 88 2SIO Ports 10H 11H 1 IMSAI SIO2 Ports 3 2 2 ALTAIR SIO REV NON ZERO Ports 0 1 3 ALTAIR SIO REV ZERO Ports 0 1 4 PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY 3P S Ports 0 1 5 IMSAI MIO Ports 43H 42H 6 ALTAIR 88 4PIO Ports 10H 11H 80 COMPAL 80 81 PROCESSOR TECHNOLOGY SOL 82 XITAN SMB ZAPPLE MONITOR 83 NORIH STAR HORIZON Ports 3 2 84 VECTOR GRAPHIC MZ Computer In this case we will consider that we have a Horizon Computer 120 FF 83 lt CR gt 12l FF STEP 9 Enter 2 lt CR gt if you have a Horizon computer or Altair 88 2SIO card that requires 2 stop bits Otherwise just enter CR 121 FF 2 lt CR gt 122 FF At this point enter a period followed by lt CR gt This allows DDT to exit this mode and return to command level Now enter a control C C RESULT The system returns to the A gt The configuration program is now patched for the Horizon computer Save the patched version of CONFIG on disk by entering the following A gt SAVE 10 CONFIG COM lt CR gt STEP 10 Perform a cold boot reset similiar to Step 1 but using the CP M disk already in drive 1 RESULT The CONFIG program will sign on followed by the normal CP M sign on ending with A gt CONFIG Version 2 0 Copyright C 1979 Lifeboat Associates Your CP M System is now configured Type SAVEUSER to permanently save on disk CP M on North Star disk Double density Quad capacity 24K V
21. T6 NR SIDES 0 1 SIDE l 2 SIDE V20FIG EQU 20H BITS5 FORMAT 1 2 0 0 1 4 RDYFIG EQU 10H l DRV RDY O NOT RDY kkkkikkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkki 73 MODE BYTE ekkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkkk e Se 6 e MODE1 DB EIBIT 59FFH IN 24K SYSTEM MODE FUNCTIONS ALL DONE IF BIT 1 ONEDRV EQU 80H BIT7 lt l INDICATES 1 DRIVE RAW EQU 40H SET READ AFTER WRT EIBIT EQU 10H ENABLE INTS AFTER DISK ACCESS NMOUNT EQU 8 USE DRVPAR PARAMETERS WAUTO EQU 2 WARM BOOT AUTO FUNCTION CAUTO EQU l COLD BOOT AUTO FUNCTION 22 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK APPENDIX B HORIZON USER AREA LISTING USER ASM DEC 4 1979 SAMPLE USER AREA I O ROUTINES THIS EXAMPLE USER AREA IS SET UP FOR THE 24K DISTRIBUTION SIZE CP M ON QUAD NORTH STAR SYSTEM AND FOR THE HORIZON COMPUTER IT IS IDENTICAL TO THE USER AREA PRODUCED BY CONFIG COM VER 2 1 WHEN AN 83H FOR HORIZON IS INSERTED AT 120H IT IS SUPPLIED AS A PROTOTYPE FOR MODIFICATION BY USERS WHO WISH TO MODIFY THEIR SYSTEMS THE FOLLOWING OPTIONS ARE AVAILABLE WHEN USING CONFIG TO PRODUCE THIS USER AREA FOR A HORIZON NO CHANGES AT 121H THRU 124H WILL PRODUCE DEFAULT VALUES OF 1 STOP BIT PRINTER ON RIGHT SERIAL PORT AND NO PARITY INITIALIZATION ADDRESS 120H SELECTS TYPE OF COMPUTER SET TO 83H FOR HORIZON COMPUTER mo a ne mo ADDRESS 121H SELECTS NUMBER OF CONSOLE STOP BITS AT HSBIT
22. VCPM COM program is run USER ASM This is a sample USER AREA source file which may be used as a basis for modifying the I O of your system See the listing in Appendix B MEMR COM This program is a memory test program that performs a battery of different tests Its possible forms are MEMR lt CR gt for 19 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORIH STAR DISK normal testing MEMR T lt CR gt for finding the top of memory and MEMR R lt CR gt to do a random number test only The test will cycle continously and report the location of any errors found NORMAL OPERATION DISKETTE COMPATABILITY As discussed in the section on the FORMAT COM program it is possible format a disk into one of four different CP M modes These are 1 4 CP M single or double density mode and 2 0 CP M single or double sided mode Your OUAD CP M will automatically switch into the proper format mode no matter what kind of disk you insert so long as you make sure to do a warm boot when changing disks A warm boot means typing control C This will cause the system to reset examine the format of each disk when accessed for the first time since the last warm boot and make the necessary adjustments If you fail to do this you may get an error message like BDOS ERROR or BAD SECTOR or you may have scrambled files and programs that won t run properly CP M requires a copy of itself on the system tracks 0 and 1 of the disk in drive A only in or
23. der to do a warm boot This is normally done with SYSGEN COM which moves the system from one disk to another It is impossible to place a quad system on the system tracks of a single density disk so use ONLY drives B C or D for single density disks Remember do a warm boot whenever you change disks and the system will do the rest If in doubt at any time type control C USING MASTER COM DISKS In normal day to day operation using CP M with a two drive system you should keep one disk with your CP M system and all of your frequently used disks with the extension COM in drive A This is refered to as the Master COM file disk or MASCOM You should have several of these MASCOM disks and you should replace one when it looks worn or glassy Keep the old disk as you never can tell when you want a program that you haven t used in a long time Disks containing the ASCII or BASIC files you are working on should be placed in drive B Generally you will not need to use SYSGEN to put CP M systems on most of your file disks since they will only be used in drive B You may find it most convenient to log in on drive B after doing a cold boot by typing B lt CR gt CP M will automatically return to B after each warm boot 20 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK APPENDIX A DISK TECHNICAL INFORMATION e amp k k k k k k RARA k k k k k k k k k kk k kk k k k k k k k k k k k k k K ti DISK STRUCTURE
24. ersion 2 01 Copyright C 1979 Lifeboat Associates A gt CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK STEP 11 Enter the SAVEUSER program as follows A gt SAVEUSER lt CR gt RESULT The SAVEUSER program will sign on with the following message SAVEUSER Vers 2 0 for North Star guad capacity Saves MODE BYTE sector plus 4 sectors of USER AREA Copyright C 1979 Lifeboat Associates Place CP M SYSTEM DISK into drive A and type to patch or C to not patch lt CR gt Now type lt CR gt and SAVEUSER will respond User area patching completed A gt STEP 12 Remove the disk from drive A and turn off power to the computer Then re energize the computer insert the CP M disk and perform a cold boot This will test the cold boot process and eliminate the possiblity of material still in memory giving a false indication of proper configuration RESULT CP M will come up with it s sign on message The A gt will be displayed CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK RE SIZING YOUR SYSTEM The distribution system you have received from Lifeboat Associates contains a 24K CP M system and is designed to run in 24K of memory This is not a large enough system to run some high level languages or large programs You will want to use a system that takes advantage of all the memory in your computer If you attempt to run a program that is too large for the current CP M system you will get an ERROR MESSAGE LOAD
25. grams and data on floppy disks Like all software systems it is a collection of programs that are inter related and are designed to accomplish specific tasks within the system CP M operates with 8080 and Z80 microprocessors and is largely independent of the design of the computer and floppy disk system It has therefore been adopted for use with almost all computers using the 8080 and Z80 families of microprocessors CP M has become a de facto standard and a large group of high level languages and application software systems have been designed to run under it s control A BRIEF HISTORY OF CP M The 8080 microprocessor was designed by Intel Corporation as an improvement over their earlier 8008 microprocessor This chip became the basis for the INTEL MDS Development System which was designed to operate with floppy disks Gary Kildall of Digital Research designed the CP M system to be machine independent as long as the microprocessor used the 8080 machine language instruction set In 1976 Digital Systems later Digital Microsystems was formed to supply floppy disk systems for use with microcomputers The CP M system was adopted for use with this popular floppy disk IMSAI one of the largest manufacturers of microcomputer equipment also adopted a form of CP M for it s disk operating system CROMEMCO and other manufacturers followed suit Many computer owners selected disk systems for their computers that ran CP M rather than the non CP M sy
26. hat it is type 16 Any information previously on a diskette will be destroved bv the format process COPY COM This program copies the entire disk using the A ALL option to a new may be unformatted disk in another drive The resulting format will be the same as the source disk It may also be used to copy a disk until it detects an empty track using the M MOST option The M option saves time but should only be used on a previously formatted target disk COPY will prompt you at each step on exactly what to do Do not use COPY if you have a single drive system Use FILECOPY as explained next instead FILECOPY COM This program will transfer files between disks using only a single disk drive It loads a single file at a time from the source disk into memory instructs the user to change disks and writes the file onto the new disk To transfer a file named TEST HEX simply type the command FILECOPY TEST HEX CR and the program will prompt you which disks to insert at the proper time SAVEUSER COM This program quickly writes BIOS patches to the disk by writing the USER AREA of the running system plus 128 bytes immediately prior containing MODE byte on to the disk This is a total of 640 bytes 2 1 2 paqes CONFIG COM This program sets up the USER AREA for the currently used I O It is possible to configure the system for many I O configrations This program must be on the disk properly patched for your terminal when the MO
27. ided disk to another Final note It is important to understand that merely changing the CONFG byte will not in itself increase the capacity of a disk This simply tells CP M that your drives will physically access both sides You must in addition use disks that have been properly formatted with FORMAT COM for 2 0 double sided operation MODE BYTE OPTIONS There are several user selectable options available in your CP M system These options are 1 Read After Write 2 Enable Interrupts after Disk Access 3 Run AUTO after Warm or Cold Boot 4 Set System for a Single Drive The choice of these functions is controlled by the state of the bits in one byte referred to as the MODE byte The MODE byte is located at the address immediately before the USER AREA and is at 59FF hex in the 24K running system 26FF hex in the SYSGEN IMAGE Programs may reference the MODE byte to manipulate it If you wish to use any of these options the best way to implement them is to change the MODE BYTE with DDT When you are sure the option is doing what you want run SAVEUSER and permanently save the MODE BYTE on disk The following paragraphs describe the controlled functions and indicate the trade offs implied by selecting the use or suppression of each feature Also explained are the position of each bit the sense of the bit for invoking or disabling the function and the default value used in distribution systems In general the bit involved must be
28. k Run SAVEUSER after the system signs on to permanently configure the disk CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK CONFIG OPTIONS If you have a Horizon computer there are several options in CONFIG COM You must always have a patched version of CONFIG on your disk when booting up an unconfigured system such as that produced by MOVCPM COM These options are more fully described in Appendix B SAMPLE USER AREA Here is a list of the available options for a Horizon computer with the address in CONFIG Addr 120H set to 83H selects Horizon computer Addr 121H set to 2 selects two stop bits Default if 12IH unchanged selects one stop bit A Addr 122H set to 2 selects printer on parallel port Default if 122H unchanged selects right serial port Addr 123H set to l enables parity checking of memory Default 123H unchanged ignores parity checking Addr 124H should be set to page address of your disk controller if it is both NOT the standard E8 hex AND you have set the parity option at 123H In order to set these bytes in CONFIG COM type the command DDT CONFIG COM lt CR gt and when DDT signs on use the s command to make the changes Please note that leaving the original values of OFF hex at addresses 121H thru 124H will produce the default conditions Then type a control C to reboot and when system returns to A gt type SAVE 10 CONFIG COM lt CR gt to save the patched CONFIG on disk It will now be ready to aut
29. le drives can be used The position of this bit is value 80 hex bit 7 The distribution system is shipped with this bit LOW and thus this feature is NOT ACTIVE When using this option do not attempt to use COPY COM which requires two drives Instead FILECOPY COM and PIP COM will work 12 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK normally to allow you to transfer files between disks 13 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK CHANGING THE I O CONFIGURATION Once your CP M is up and running you may find the need to make changes in your 1 0 to add a different printer or you may find a need to have more that one console There are many possible variations on the basic console I O that you began with There are two methods of doing this The SAVEUSER program is provided as a quick and easy way of making short patches The SYSGEN PROCEDURE is a comprehensive method of making system changes PATCHING WITH SAVEUSER Running the SAVEUSER program at any time will write a portion of the then running CP M system onto the disk in drive A The specific portion written consists of the entire USER AREA 512 bytes or two pages starting at BIOS 700 hex and the MODE AREA which is the 128 bytes immediately before the USER AREA In the distribution 24K system the MODE AREA starts at 5980 hex and the USER AREA starts at 5A00 hex and ends at 5BFF hex Normal changes in the MODE AREA would be modifying the CON
30. omatically patch an unconfigured system after which you would normally run SAVEUSER DOUBLE SIDED AND FAST SEEKING DRIVES The CP M system MUST be informed whether your drives are physically capable of two sided or fast stepping operation The system as shipped is set for one sided and normal seeking operation This is easily changed by inserting a CONFG byte at location 59F8 hex in the standard 24K system 26F8 in sysgen image This byte is exactly the same as that defined for the North Star DOS and is located in DOS at 2034 hex CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORIH STAR DISK In particular the byte is defined as follows Bits 7 6 5 4 high set two sided for drives A B C D Bits 3 2 1 0 high set fast seeking for drives D C B A For example a value of 11010111B 0D7H indicates Drive A is double sided and fast stepping Drive B is double sided and fast stepping Drive C is single sided and fast stepping Drive D is double sided and normal stepping Remember the distribution system is shipped with these features disabled The CONFG byte is zero This will cause STAT to report 162K available on a newly formatted empty disk After setting two sided operation on those drives capable of it as explained in the next section STAT will then report 338K which more than doubles the capacity of CP M SETTING UP FOR TWO SIDED DRIVES This procedure will change your system to operate with two sided drives 1 Pick the proper C
31. on of a command upon startup This has applications in loading monitors into memory initlalizing per ipheral drivers or causing the system to automatically load BASIC and enter an applications program for unskilled users Your system has the command AUTO set into it which will cause a file AUTO COM to be executed if the feature if invoked The user must provide the program AUTO COM or re name a program to that name Alternatively you may insert a command line of your choice in the CCP of up to 128 characters using the SYSGEN PROCEDURE An example of such a command line would be ORG CCP 7 Start of this patch DB 13 Length of command line DB MBASIC B PROG 13 character command This example would load Microsoft BASIC from drive A and then cause BASIC to load and immediately run the program PROG BAS from drive B You may activate the AUTO feature on each warm boot cold boot or both The position of this bit is value 2 bit for activation on warm boots and value 2 bit 0 for activation on cold boots This distribution system is shipped with these bits set LOW and thus this feature is NOT active Option 4 Set System for a Single Drive This option should be selected by users of a single drive CP M system Its use will cause the system to prompt you to change disks each time a different drive is selected In this way a four drive system can be simulated with only a single physical drive so the features of CP M which use multip
32. s supplied with a 24k system In most cases a user will have a larger memory capacity If the system is not reconfigured for the larger ammount of memory it will not recognize that it exists REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAGE 30 SPECIAL NOTE WITH THE LIFEBOAT VERSIONS OF CP M THE PROGRAM CONFIG COM MUST ALWAYS BE ON THE DISK WHEN USING MOVCPM COM AND SHOULD BE PATCHED FOR YOUR TERMINAL OR COMPUTER ASM COM This file contains the complete CP M two pass assembler The ASM command loads and executes the CP M 8080 assembler It is used with the name of a source file containing assembly language statements and contains parameters directing the assembler where to get the input file and direct the output files The following example will assemble TEST ASM taking the source from drive A writing the output hex file TEST HEX to drive B and the output print file TEST PRN to drive C A gt ASM FILENAME ABC lt CR gt REFERENCE AN INTRODUCTION TO CP M FEATURES AND FACILITIES MANUAL PAGE 16 and CP M ASSEMBLER ASM USER S GUIDE DDT COM This file contains the CP M Dynamic Debugging Tool a very powerful monitor plus a tool for analyzing software problems It can perform common monitor program functions such as dumping memory in HEX or ASCII It can also disassemble 8080 machine code into assembly language mnemonics and assemble individual instructions It is called by typing A gt DDT lt CR gt RE
33. stems supplied by their computer manufacturers Most microcomputer owners could not afford the 8 inch floppy disk systems that were the only ones available at first With the introduction of the Shugart SA400 minifloppy thousands of microcomputer owners were introduced to floppy disk systems North Star a non CP M system became the most popular mini floppy system because it was inexpensive easy to interface and it worked with every S 100 bus computer The North Star system had a simple DOS Disk Operating System with few features but it supported a good BASIC and a primitive disk file system Larry Alkoff of Lifeboat Associates adapted CP M to the North Star floppy disk system and thousands of North Star owners adopted CP M as their operating system CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK GETTING STARTED YOUR CP M PACKAGE The contents of the CP M package you have received from your dealer should contain the following a This manual CP M on North Star Disk User s Manual b The Lifeboat Associates edition of the Digital Research CP M Manuals composed of the following sections CP M 2 0 Users Guide for CP M 1 4 Owners An Introduction to CP M Features and Facilities ED A Context Editor For The CP M Disk System CP M Assembler ASM User s Guide CP M Dynamic Debugging Tool DDT User s Guide CP M 2 0 Interface Guide CP M 2 0 System Alteration Guide ko ko ko kok C A 5 1 4 inch Diskette
34. t the same time you have joined the largest group of disk operating system users in the world We have been very careful to supply you with all of the information you need to get CP M running on your computer and to enable you to understand the system CP M however like many worthwhile things will not be mastered without effort on your part Read all of the manuals several times Sit down at your terminal and try all of the features so that you can see what they do Exploring CP M is a little like landing on the shore of a strange new land You will first become familiar with the simple features that you will often use Then you will penetrate the interior and use the more complex features that make this software System so powerful but you must understand before you appreciate these features That will come in time In order to help you Lifeboat Associates has prepared this manual and maintains a staff at it s New York headquaters Call them at 212 860 0300 if you need help with a problem In addition Lifeboat Associates has a huge stock of software that runs under CP M Refer to the sheet supplied with this manual for a listing and regularly consult the current advertising in the various computer magazines CP M AND THE NORTH STAR SYSTEM The Horizon Computer and the North Star Micro Disk System are designed to be an integrated combination of a mini floppy disk hardware system and the software needed to operate it This system is e
35. ur modified file with ASM COM to produce USER HEX which will be used to overlay and modify your existing system The existing system is then brought into memory at location 900H 14 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK hex using the SYSGEN program This is the standard and most convenient memory location for making changes in the CP M system The copy of CP M starting at 900H is usually called the SYSGEN IMAGE Save the SYSGEN IMAGE as a disk file by the command SAVE 40 CPM COM lt CR gt CPM COM is then brought back into memory under the control of DDT with the command DDT CPM COM lt CR gt The SYSGEN IMAGE at 900H is then overlaid with USER HEX using the I insert and R read commands of DDT Note that USER HEX is read in with an offset so that the hex file will be placed at 2700H The offset changes for each different CP M system size and is equal to 2700 hex minus wherever your USER AREA begins in memory 5A00 hex in standard 24K system The proper offset is automatically calculated for each MSIZE by the OFFSET equate in USER ASM or the DDT H hex calculator may be used as in the example At this point the new system has been patched with your custom I O and may be directly put on the system tracks with SYSGEN or saved again as a disk file for later use The dialog below is an example of using the above procedure and was actually run on a CP M on North Star system just as you see it We begin after
36. xpertly described in the North Star System Software Manual SOFT DOC Revision 2 1 published by North Star Computers in 1979 If you have an older disk system or Horizon Computer and you do not have this manual by all means get it All of the information regarding the HARDWARE is applicable to the North Star CP M System The North Star DOS Disk Operating System and North Star BASIC and PASCAL are designed to run on North Star hardware and no other Therefore they are called machine dependent You will still be able to run your DOS programs by simply booting up North Star DOS at any time However by booting up CP M instead of DOS you will have available another large body of software written on many different machines This is possible since CP M is designed in such a way as to be machine independent Programs written for CP M communicate only with the CP M operating system which in turn communicates with the North Star harware In this way CP M programs are completely isolated from the actual hardware in use This is why the exact same CP M program written for another computer will run on your North Star 1 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK in the same way Once the user adds CP M to the North Star system he has made a vast amount of computer languages and applications operable on the system WHAT 1S CP M CP M Control Program Microprocessors is a software system designed to record and retrieve pro
37. you have edited USER ASM for your specific requirements A gt ASM USER AAZ lt CR gt CP M ASSEMBLER VER 2 0 5AC7 009H USE FACTOR END OF ASSEMBLY A gt SYSGEN lt CR gt SYSGEN Version 2 4 Distributed by Lifeboat Associates for CP M 2 0 on quad North Star Source drive NAME or RETURN to skip A lt CR gt Place SOURCE disk on A then type RETURN lt CR gt Function complete CP M image in RAM at 900H is ready to write or reboot and SAVE 40 CPMxx COM Destination drive NAME or RETURN to reboot lt CR gt A gt SAVE 40 CPM24 COM lt CR gt A gt DDT CPM24 COM lt CR gt DDT VERS 2 0 NEXT PC 2900 0100 H2700 5A00 lt CR gt 8100 CD00 15 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK IUSER HEX lt CR gt RCDOO lt CR gt NEXT PC 2900 0000 C A gt SYSGEN lt CR gt SYSGEN Version 2 4 Distributed by Lifeboat Associates for CP M 2 0 on quad North Star Source drive NAME or RETURN to skip lt CR gt CP M image in RAM at 900H is ready to write or reboot and SAVE 40 CPMxx COM Destination drive NAME or RETURN to reboot B lt CR gt Place DESTINATION disk on B then type RETURN lt CR gt Function complete Destination drive NAME or RETURN to reboot lt CR gt A gt 16 CP M2 ON DOUBLE DENSITY QUAD CAPACITY NORTH STAR DISK DEFINITIONS OF CP M PROGRAMS MOVCPM COM This program permits the user to reconfigure the system for any particular memory size CP M on North Star i
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