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64HDD User Manual

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1. Merge these files OPEN 1 11 15 C AL1 FILE1 FILE2 FILE3 CLOSE 1 Merge these files OPEN 1 11 15 C Al11 SEQ FILE1 SEQ FILE2 SEQ FILE3 SEQ CLOSE 1 Errors e Errors 62 and 25 returned as appropriate Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system if M has not been specified three attempts are made to copy the file using extensions PRG SEQ and USR Each copy attempt is to the same file type eg PRG will be renamed to PRG e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 or 16 3 filename validity is checked for merge and SEQ file type is forced ie only SEQ files can be merged e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 or 16 3 filename validity is omitted for copy as a robust check and approve strategy still needs development hence correct naming is up to the user and presently requires filename extensions to be given COPLIN 1999 2006 78 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 or 16 3 filename name may be the name of a disk image and if a full pathname given for the destination a disk image may be copied between drives note the source must be in the default location and no path given e Inthe MSDOS file system do not put space characters on either side of the or unless it is truly part of the LongFileName e Inthe MSDOS file system there is no limitation on the number of file
2. 64GUI is a new tool which allows users Comsat Premni AERA who operate 64HDD from the PC rather ee e ep than the Commodore to easily navigate Printerto9 ottaen visame their way through their disk collections Printing I odent 1 and selected which devices are ETE CUO active disabled Reset Prtn Tbl _shange Clear Partition Name Disk Se This tool also allows easy and accurate FileHanager 3 Aol Beit E management of partitions and short Ae a a cuts After either a device or partition number Bitimiibhichnistact is selected pressing Attach or Change respectively will open a file et tes browser allowing you to navigate your Coan Eido emen air way to the desired disk image or directory Filtering is possible to provide a clearer view of files being searched for a e Favourites Add2Fav Sort Load G064HDD x a j Cancel Help use mouse or tab csrs spacebar and hot keys i si KOR Show LFN Filetype filtering is supported for cornard Preise BEE standard Commodore types common obit text format files and for user defined The GUI can also optionally display the Long File Name of the currently selected file or disk image Favourites Add2Fav Sort Load G0O64HDD or ox J Cancel Help use mouse or tab csrs spacebar and hot ee t si sarei Show LFN The preview screen can be set to Conan P
3. 93 Command Run an external MSDOS application ceeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeee 94 Command Report protocol speed mode and Pentium CPU speed 94 Command Switch to ShortFileName Mode cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 95 Command Switch to LongFileName Mode cccececeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 95 Command Activate another 64HDD DeVICE ccceeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 95 Command Set reset strict directory mode in MSDOS eeee 96 Partitions and Unit Support Shortcuts cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeees 101 Command Change partition to path defined by unit numbet 102 Command Add current path image to partition table 0 ee 103 Command Delete current partition table definition ccceeeeeee 103 Command Information about partition Command Load save open from to unit path c eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 105 Command Load partition table eee cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 106 VEE A E E EENE 107 CMD Compatible Time and Date Commands ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeaes 108 COPLIN 1999 2006 11 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Read set RTC in CMD ASCII format 0 cece eeeeeeeeeeees 108 Command Read set RTC in CMD decimal format c ceeeeeeeeeeee 109 Command Read s
4. 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com PROGRESS TRK SEC ER FILE C disabled S654 z e 64HDDN UTILS disabled disabled disabled disabled disabled disabled disabled disabled H Help F1 Navigator F2 MSDOS_Shell F11 Swap 8 lt gt 64HDD F12 Disk Flip 64HDD Professional features a GUI for displaying runtime information The display lists details about the setup used at boot time parameters in black the status of various other modes detectable during runtime parameters in red and information about every device Note some runtime parameters are indicated as present until detected otherwise The information displayed for each device includes Path of directory or disk image attached The file system mode being used Name of file being transferred or command being processed Progress status shown as block count Track Sector and Error status of block being transferred Activity LED green or Error LED red with code PROGRESS TRK SEC ER FILE Key Definitions for 64HDD Professional Fi Navigator F2 MSDOS Shell F11 Swap 8 lt gt 64HDD F12 Disk Flip An online help screen is available to remind users of special hot keys Just press H to activate the display any other key to clear Esc as always exits 64HDD COPLIN 1999 2006 22 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com
5. v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com setup and Configuration The details below generally apply to both the freeware and Professional versions In some cases 64HDD Professional has a slightly higher system requirements and some optional requirements are needed to make use of the advanced features Remember that other important information may be found in the readme txt and FAQ supplied with the installation files If you are not building your PC from scratch you can skip the first few sub sections The 386 486 Pentium hardware platform chosen can be a stand alone PC device in a standard PC case or can be integrated in one of the following ways 1 Small Baby AT form factor all in one 486 board fitted within the case of a C128DCR or 2 Small Sub Baby AT form factor all in one 486 board fitted in the case of a 1571 or 1541 drive for transportability If you are new to the world of MSDOS or even just a little rusty don t forget fa to download a copy of MSDOS for Commies from the 64HDD website Les Basic Requirements 386 486 PC controller or motherboard with CPU Minimum speed is believed to be a 386SX25 for basic LOAD type operations You can also use a Pentium or higher system but you may need to use the additional p command line setting e 1x LPT port mapped to a standard location LPT1 LPT2 LPT3 The LPT port needs to be an old SPP type if an X1541
6. 3 tbe Yudas X GEOS Files 3 Pwr Load 3 FastLoader 3 Loader X Ldr amp Loader Default 4 ble 7 Port 1541 E1541 Pur Load Force LPTn Auto 4 Other oo al Update c Command Prompt 64config HDD Configure vi Runtime Set up k E Install nstallation Monitor mooning 64HDD Professional Files LFN Files CDA Files GEOS Files PwrLoad Files a FastLoader Files 8 Loader Files ZIILFN Template Close code pre Update 1 Ral RAM Disk tes H Copy to RAM on boot i roez CFG to HDD exit Do Hot Hove Prtn Tables Use Pentium TSC 12400 MHz Tweak Factor Faster J CHD Mode VIC1540 NoReset ScreenSaver 1fsec EZ Load H Source Drive E it Target Drive C it 3 Key in from drive A Wipe old Installation Re install f Minimise install size Suggest changes to MSDOS Assign Devices Quit jt Copy to RAM on boot Copy CFG to HDD exit Do Hot Hove Prtn Tables TSC Eiig IIMHZz Faster qt VIC1540 NoReset ler 1fsec Jt EZ Load I E J J c it ik Key in from drive A Wipe old Installation Minimise install s Suggest changes ts asnos Assign Devices Quit Installation and upgrades to 64HDD Professional require keying with the original distribution disk Once keyed to a system no further keying is needed until the software is upgraded or transferred to another mac
7. Let s face it from time to time there is the need to exchange text data between the Commodore machine and the rest of the world 64HDD is capable of performing on the fly ASCII text translations by simply opening the file with a shift type rather than the normal type specifier Alpha translation is only performed The possibilities are endless and combined with the other cross platform functions within 64HDD some level of co operative processing is possible Consider the following examples e Using a Cross platform Compiler write a batch file on your 64HDD machine that compiles your source code saved on the fly to true ASCIl into a PRG file The batch file is called by 64HDD s MSD command Output from the compiler is redirected to the MSD SEQ file in the system directory and can be read using the on the fly ASCII translator e Use a PC finder tool to locate files ona CD use one of the popular whereis utilities available on the PC by calling it with the MSD command The results can be viewed in the MSD SEQ file in the system directory Notes e on the fly translations are modal meaning that the last file open determines if itis on or off Therefore the last file open will determine whether the ASCII translation occurs for all other files that are also open e 64HDD waits on the drive that has been set to have the system directory As a result MSD programs are most easily controlled by running a batch file that can specify
8. D71 C D81 C D2M T64 C LNX Syntax PPRINT dev jobnumber PrintEngine Examples Print job number 015 on device 4 to a PrintEngine caller 64PE TXT OPEN 1 11 15 PPRINT 4 15 64PE TXT CLOSE 1 Errors e Always OK or Syntax Error 31 Notes e Must be issued to the command channel of a 64HDD device can be a drive or printer e When issued using JiffyDOS or a DOS wedge use a before the P eg PPRINT 4 15 64PE TXT e 64HDD will not be available until the job has been handled by the PrintEngine Command Delete a specific JobNumber Professional version only Applicability W Al J MSbDOs D64 D71 C D81 L D2M L T64 LNX Syntax PDEL dev jobnumber Examples Delete job number 015 on device 4 OPEN 1 11 15 PDEL 4 15 CLOSE 1 Errors e Always OK or Syntax Error 31 Notes COPLIN 1999 2006 120 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Must be issued to the command channel of a 64HDD device can be a drive or printer e When issued using JiffyDOS or a DOS wedge use a before the P eg PDEL 4 15 e PDEL will delete both the JOB and APP file associated with than job e devis agiven as single digit eg 4 not 04 Command Flush the print queue for a device Professional version only Applicability E All J MSbDos J D64 J D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax PFLUSH dev Examples Delete a
9. eg PRG will be renamed to PRG e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 filename validity is omitted for both oldfile and newfile as a robust check and approve strategy still needs development hence correct renaming is up to the user and presently requires filename extensions to be given e Inthe MSDOS file system do not put space characters on either side of the COPLIN 1999 2006 77 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Copy file on in current device directory to new name Merge multiple sequential files to one combined file Applicability All J MSDOS E D64 E 071 E Ds1 L D2mM L T64 C LNx Syntax copy C backup original M CO backup original M COPY backup original M COPYO backup original M Where M specified that filenames should be treated as explicitly give as is the case when working with MSDOS files This option is only valid in the MSDOS file system Syntax merge C combined filel file2 file3 file4 CO combined filel file2 file3 file4 COPY combined filel file2 file3 file4 COPY0 combined filel file2 file3 file4 Examples Copy this file OPEN 1 11 15 C BACKUP ORIGINAL CLOSE 1 Copy this file OPEN 1 11 15 C BACKUP TAS ORIGINAL TAS M CLOSE 1 Copy this disk image from current location to a OPEN 1 11 15 C A GAMES D64 GAMES D64 CLOSE 1
10. 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Filetype FRE is reserved for use as a flag that the details just received is block free information and there is no further data to be sent e The notes for normal directory access should also be reviewed but the 63999 block free limitation does not apply e LFN file type is used to signify that entry is the Long File Name of the previous file shown COPLIN 1999 2006 72 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com File Handling Commands Command Open File for Read Write Applicability O All Hl MSDOs ff ps4 If 071 I Ds1 L D2M L T64 0 LNx Syntax filename type mode Examples Open file to write ASCII data to it OPEN 1 11 1 TESTFILE S W FOR X 1T0O10 PRINT 1 NUMBER X NEXT CLOSE 1 Open file to read ASCII data from it OPEN 1 11 1 TESTFILE S R FOR X 1TO10 INPUT 1 A PRINT A NEXT CLOSE 1 Save currently loaded basic program SAVE TESTFILE 11 Load program file LOAD TESTFILE 11 Errors e errors returned for file not able to be open or found or existing Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system the name is limited to 8characters unless LFN support is selected and installed in which case the limit is 16characters If a type is specified then this is converted to a 3character extension If no file type is specified PRG i
11. LOAD T dirspec type device Examples Load directory from default path with CMD timestamp format LOAD S T 4 41 Load directory from default path with CMD Long timestamp format LOAD S T L 11 Load directory from default path with 4digit timestamp format LOAD T LL 11 Load timestamped directory from default path with name matching files LOAD S TriLeas 1 Errors J Notes e only MSDOS file system has timestamp information currently e CMD date selection fields are not yet supported COPLIN 1999 2006 110 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com ee 64HDD supports the direct communication between a 1541 compatible drive and itself allow the copying of a 1541 disk to a D64 image or vice versa with the issuing of one simple command The transfer scheme iterates through individual block read write commands using the native Commodore protocol Though highly compatible with most genuine and third party drives it is not the fast protocol available today and if you have many disks to copy a dedicated 1541 to PC copy utility may be a better choice For the functions described in this section to work the 64HDD connection and PC setup must be accurately setup and timed Applicability C All Hl MSDOsS J D64 J D71 J D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax T1541 filename D64 F Examples Transfer D64 image in current directory to 1
12. SYNTAX ERROR invalid command The command sent is longer than 58 characters 64HDD has a longer command buffer than the real CBM DOS but in some operating modes limits itself to the 1541 limit for improved compatibility 33 SYNTAX ERROR invalid file name Pattern matching is invalidly used in the OPEN or SAVE command 34 SYNTAX ERROR no file given the file name was left out of a command or 64HDD does not recognize it as such Typically a colon has been left out of the command 39 SYNTAX ERROR invalid command This error may result if the command sent to command channel secondary address 15 is unrecognized 64HDD 50 RECORD NOT PRESENT Result of disk reading past the last record through INPUT or GET commands This message will also occur after positioning to a record beyond end of file in a relative file If the intent is to expand the file by adding the new record with a PRINT command the error message may be ignored INPUT or GET should not be attempted after this error is detected without first repositioning 51 OVERFLOW IN RECORD PRINT statement exceeds record boundary Information is cut off Since the carriage return is sent as a record terminator is counted in the record size This message will occur if the total characters in the record including the final carriage return exceeds the defined size COPLIN 1999 2006 125 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hd
13. User Subdirs yas yas User Partitions 16 on v0 9 nil Disk driver required Drive CF card must be dedicated to GEOS only and GEOS requires a disk driver COPLIN 1999 2006 5 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Quick Start Guide Please read the INSTALL TXT file included with your distribution of 64HDD for more detailed information 64HDD is intended to run from MSDOS so you will need to boot to DOS or shutdown from Windows to the DOS prompt Some of the installation can however be accomplished whilst within Windows For those not familiar with DOS or those who may have forgotten a DOS for Commies guide is available for download from the 64HDD website Installation 64HDD Professional users should refer to the Quick Start installation leaflet provided with their software disks 64HDD CD Edition users should refer to the CD Edition user guide available for download from the 64HDD website For freeware users and those who prefer to manually install they software the easiest way to use 64HDD is to install it with a default setup From the c prompt and using the DOS version of PKUNZIP PKUNZIP d 64HDD ZIP The d is important as it will create the correct file system structure c 64hdd c 64hdd system and so on If using the Windows version of
14. you will LCOPY it to a floppy disk and then LCOPY it to the location If you are using a RAMDISK for the 64HDD system directory you will also need to LCOPY the file to the RAMDISK You can use LDIR to see that the LFN is as shown above The MSDOS name should be LFNSS 1 88 If you used an MSDOS unzip tool it is likely that there will be a LFNS 16 SS file in the 64HDD system directory This must be deleted or fixed using LFN FIX BAT Use LDEL in preference to DEL as it will correctly delete any LFN files You may need to use DEL if LDEL says the file was not found that is no LFNs were found Step 3 Check the setting of the BUFFERS and FILES in the CONFIG SYS file LFNs need lots of channels open for assembling the filename Be generous and set FILES 50 and BUFFERS 17 0 and FCBS 8 0 You will need to re boot the PC for these new settings to take effect Step 4 The 64HDD directory can be added to the PATH using this modifier command but only from within a batch file PATH c 64hdd PATH Notes Tips and Suggestions e You can create LFNs in the root directory of a disk however should errors result the disk structure may be damaged It is perhaps best to limit these files to floppy disks that can easily be re formated e If you ve decided to use LFNs with 64HDD use LCOPY LREN and LDEL in preference to DEL REN and COPY when doing you disk house keeping This will ensure directory entries do not get corrupted e Acorrupted dire
15. 14 Load current directory but only files matching this type LOAD D64 11 only works in MSDOS mode LOAD D64 P 11 only in MSDOS mode multiple types LOAD ST ST P 11 Set C as current directory for future commands LOAD SC z 14 Set C as current directory for future commands OPENI 11 15 Se INPUT 1 EN EMS T S CLOSE1 PRINT NEW PATH EMS Change to D as current directory for future commands LOAD SD 11 Set this dir as directory for future commands LOAD STHIS DIR 11 Attach this D64 image as an emulated disk for future commands LOAD STHIS D64 11 Dettach this D64 image and set root on current drive LOADYS 11 Errors e With the OPEN format of the command the error message returns the new path attached but error code will be set to 0 e f a partition change is requested but not available then error 77 may result e Ifa partition change or drive is requested that is not available or would normally result in a Drive Not Ready message in MSDOS then error 78 may result Notes e Image files will be listed with the file extension in both the name and the type The image can only be attached if the file extension is given in the name else a file of that name is assumed COPLIN 1999 2006 69 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos co
16. 55 Using CONFIGURE Re Compiled Kernals cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeees 57 Using 64HDD GEOS Supplied Utilities sisinsssisssanssavnsanantunanontnavnnasbannauabuankunnbons 60 Using Other GEOS Utilities 2 0 2 cece eeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaaaeeaeeeeeeeeeeesenseeeees 62 Command Clear Set Master Disk Protection flag eeceeeeeeeeeeeees 62 64HDD GEOS Disk and Utilities Screenshots ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 63 Disk Access Command Reference Guide eseseeeseeeseeeeeeeee 68 Directory and Disk Image Access Loading ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeteeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaees 68 Command Select and or view 64HDD directory cceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 68 Command Fast 64HDD Directory Reading cccecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 71 File Handling CommandS oscsceccccsicesecevsescscnetcnsnensedebecsvecevneneedcvasebeccsenevevevneuysdebecees 73 Command Open File for Read Write ccseececeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeee 73 MSDOS ASCII Compatibility eccccceeeeesseeceeseeseeeeeeeesseeseesesseeeeeesesseeseeeeees 74 Text Exchange Cross Platform Compatibility c ceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 74 Error Channel Reading ceseeceeeeecceeeeeeeeeeeneeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaaeees 75 Command Reading the error cChannel ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 75 Standard Commodore
17. 64HDD copy needs to be keyed with the serial number on your original boot disk but once done you need not use your original floppies again Choice of Different GEOS KERNALS There are several new GEOS kernals to choose from depending upon the disk hardware configuration and disk format you are using The recommended drivers are those that include a fast loader disk routine as they will dramatically improve performance There are two families of GEOS Kernals available for 64HDD Users Re Compiled GEOS Kernals for GEOS64 These are back bone of the kernals available to freeware users of 64HDD Extended functionality based on these kernals is also available to Professional users COPLIN 1999 2006 52 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com These 64HDD Disk Drivers have been built by studying the information in the GEOS Programmer s Reference Guide and examining the reverse engineered source code for GEOS 2 0 made available by Maciej YTM Many thanks go to Maciej for the work to reverse engineer the GEOS Kernal Those wanting to program for GEOS using should check out these sources and other examples of his applications usable with TASS and ACME PC cross assemblers Maciej is also responsible for the GEOS library included with CC65 which can be used to write GEOS applications in C XP GEOS Kernals for GEOS64 and GEOS128 These are the next generation of Xtra Performance XP ke
18. 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e error 77 set if partition not found e error 0 or error 2 set if partition was found and change successful Notes e xis ASCII partition number and allows 0 999 values to be used e if the common name contains spaces 64HDD will replace these with necessary for 64HDD re Applicability W All C MSbDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax SINx Examples Get definition of unit 7 and assign to EM OPEN 1 11 15 IN7 INPUT 1 EN EM ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e error 0 Notes e undefined partitions are returned as signifying that no partition name has been set e partitions 990 999 return RESERVED Command Load save open from to unit path Applicability a All L MSDOS L D64 _ D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax LOAD pn dirspec device LOAD pn filename device LOAD pn dirl dir2 filename device SAVE xpnfilename device OPEN lfn dev sec x filename type mode Examples Load default program from disk image associated with unit200 LOAD 2002 11 Load program test from path associated with unit205 LOAD 205 test 11 Load program from path building on definition in unit4 note full progname required LOAD 4 64hdd utils errorchk prg 11 COPLIN 1999 2006 105 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emu
19. ASCII Applicability W All MSDOS D64 C D71 D81 C D2M J T64 LNX Syntax M MO MOUSE MOUSEO Examples Read PC mouse position and button status OPEN 1 11 15 M INPUT 1 EN EMS MX MY B VAL EMS CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Button information with EN 0 MX X mouse position 0 511 MY Y mouse position 0 255 e B 1 is left Button B 2 is right Button B 3 is both Buttons Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected Command Read PC Mouse Position and button status Binary Applicability W All C MSbDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax M1 MOUSE1 Examples Read PC mouse position and button status OPEN 1 11 15 M1 GET 1 X1 GET 1 XL GET 1 XH GET 1 Y GET 1 B X XL 256 XH CLOSE 1 Errors e X mouse position 0 319 MY Y mouse position 0 199 e B 1 is left Button B 2 is right Button B 3 is both Buttons Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected COPLIN 1999 2006 93 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Run an external MSDOS application Applicability W C MSDOS D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax MSD application_name MSDO application_name Examples Shell to application OPEN 1 11 15 MSD application CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok or equivalent EN ET ES always 0 Notes e works regardless of disk image di
20. C Zip 8 05 PRG PRG CGI BIN 9 06 CC 1994 PRG TXT CPACK200 9 07 SUBSTANCE PRG User DOS Exif 8 08 PRG it ECD LAP APP GEOS ZIP F fAdd2F S Load 6064HD Mae 0k e 1 avourites avy ort JT 6 D ag ER Help use mouse or tab csrs spacebar and hot keys it OR Show LFN ex Command Prompt 64gui Devices Printer 04 Printer 05 al Ss E J Plettercas 64HDD GUI EXPLORER v1 20 CC COPLIN 2006 Select Device to Modify Attach jt Disable Disk02 1b Partition Shortcut Table LC020 Reset Prtn Tbl DiskO7 4a rintManger opan not multi J Set name Partition Name Disk Save also to c 64hdd system Help wit Exit FileManager Help select disk if ShortCut part of a 4 Feet pert lodemCtr J it Clear lt Sys Info gt ex Command Prompt 64gui Preview DG V105 D6 DG vma FaN a DG UAD6BAS Favorite gt Add2Fav Sort gt gt Help use mouse tab crsr space or Alt HotKey DG U106 D64 Delete Rename 65 DROGHOST PRG Exit lt Sys Info gt ex Command Prompt 64gui al Attach A PrintManger e Partit Quit without saving changes Cancel Ey Heap tee E iam ea Partition Mame Disk Save also to c 64hdd system Help Quit Exit FileManager il Help select device to assign or disable lt Sys Info gt 24 of 136
21. C in GEOS speak Eg d geos geopub d64 8 The latest version of this utility works with both GEOS64 and GEOS128 RTC Clock Supplied with 64HDD is a small application called Get 64HDD RTC This is an auto exec application and will on boot up set the GEOS time to that set on your 64HDD PC The latest version of this utility works with both GEOS64 and GEOS128 PreConfig Supplied with 64HDD Professional is new auto exec tool which allows the Pre Configuration of the 64HDD GEO Kernal at start up The tool also performs the functions done by the RTC driver thereby reducing the number of auto execs that need to be run at boot up PreConfig lets each drive be set as either real or RAM type The setting is changed by editing the InfoBox data If you want to use a real RAM expansion device such as a C1750 then the 64HDD device should be set as real If you want to use a real disk drive such as a 1541 with 64HDD then you should identify the 64HDD disk as RAM type PreConfig will run before the desktop is loaded or can be re run manually by double clicking the icon If you are using a Commodore Disk or RAM Device you will need to manually start CONFIGUREx to ensure the driver code is installed for them The latest version of this utility works with both GEOS64 and GEOS128 COPLIN 1999 2006 61 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Using Other GEOS Utilities Other
22. Description of 64HDD CBM DOS Error Messages Codes 00 19 are not errors but status messages Codes greater than or equal to 20 are true error messages 00 OK No error last requested operation was successfully performed 01 FILES SCRATCHED returns information about the number of files scratched by the last scratch command 02 PARTITION SELECTED returns information about the partition number selected or if used on a D81 the successful changed to a partition ms O COPLIN 1999 2006 123 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 20 READ ERROR block header not found 64HDD has a problem reading from the PC s device disk or other This message may also occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller was unable to locate the header of the requested data block It may have been caused by an illegal block number or the header has been destroyed 21 READ ERROR no sync character This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller was unable to detect a sync mark on the desired track when the image was created It may be caused by misalignment of the read writer head no diskette was present or unformatted or improperly seated diskette 22 READ ER
23. Drive Commands eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 76 Command Scratch file s from current device directory 00068 76 Command Rename file on in current device directory ccceeeeee 77 Command Copy file on in current device directory to new name 78 Command Initialize AEVICE ceeeeeeeeseseessssesesssssesssesseessessseseeeeseees 79 Command Validate device disk ssiiccucsesccesienniverenenccavecenieed ersccediceiseanemeeerene 79 COPLIN 1999 2006 10 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Warm boot Cold boot ccccccceesecceeeeeseeeeeteeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaes 80 Command 1581 Partition Selection cc ceeccccccesseeeeeceeseeeeeteeseeeeeteees 80 Command 1581 Partition Creation 0 cc eeccccceceeseeeeeeeeeeeeeesenseeeeesaees 81 Direct Access CommandS isscceatesrsiteadsdhanaeadsindi iid adeauauadienslixddeniaveiSinitvedeienieiQenieaddindded 82 Drive Simulation Model oi ieccsancvanciancsaneredvrradenairaadandueuatenatanmidadueandiadciandeadntaatiubsen 82 Command Block POA siccsssisicsciassidiardaaidpssdedniaasdessdaaniaaddaoeiabeiaaaiastdeandebooass 83 Command Block Write ssciicittiinnitetiiunsdetidenmiutiaanntutinvnahstiivaphutienshebiawnaeetine 83 Command Block Allocate cc ccecccccecccceeseeeeeseeeeeseeeeeeeueeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 83 Command Block FrEe sccscctsncescstendisnsds
24. GEOS Kernals Protocol D64 images pet images Slow IEC routines GEO1541S GEO1541S REU Fast IEC routines GEO1541F GEO1581F GEO1541F REU Pwr Load routines GEO1581P It is good practice to leave both drivers on your boot disk e one for working with a real disk drive and e one for working with an REU If you like you could order these two files such that the most often used is first in the directory so that LOAD gets your most popular configuration loaded Note that these files may be compressed and may take some time to de compress after you type RUN GEOS has the limitation built in that it can only work with two drives A and or B with drives C and or D needing to be swapped for usage to from the REU 64HDD GEOS will also only work with only two drives shown A and or B e One or both of these drives has to be a 644HDD e Atleast one drive 64HDD or real has to be of non RAM type either 1541 71 81 in order for CONFIGURE to allow you to save exit The table below shows which drivers you need to use depending up your drive set up COPLIN 1999 2006 56 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Configuration Real Drive RAM Drive 64HDD Drive 64HDD Driver 1541 71 81 inside REU disk image Real Disk X N A Drives only Real Disk Drives REU A A Me 64HDD X X RAM type Real D
25. SFN 1 LFN Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e filename functions will now be in 8 3 MSDOS format Command Switch to LongFileName Mode Applicability W All 0 MSDOS D64 C D71 D81 C D2M T64 LNX Syntax LFN LFNO Examples Switch to LFN mode for future 64HDD access OPEN 1 11 15 LFN INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok if LFN mode was available at 64HDD boot up with ES 0 and ET defining the mode 0 SFN 1 LFN e Error 160 returned if LFN was not successfully booted on 64HDD start up Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e filename functions will now be in 16 3 MSDOS format e with JiffyDOS on you CBM computer you will need to enclose the command in quotes as follows so as to avoid the lock command which begins with L also LFN Command Activate another 64HDD Device Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax U0 gt chr device_number COPLIN 1999 2006 95 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Examples Activate device 10 OPEN 1 11 15 U0 gt CHR 10 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok if device_number within allowable range e Error 89 if DEVICE_NUMBER is not supported by 64HDD Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e command will not work when sent
26. XE cable then try the XE first as it will not do any damage according the the designers and it may work anyway COPLIN 1999 2006 136 of 136 v0 7alpha8
27. actual code within the kernal is differently organised to the original GEOS This may include patches for the SCPU and TurboMaster accelerators If you have the need for such devices send me some details and l Il investigate what can be done Additionally drivers for other non standard drive types may conflict with 64HDD Though it has not been verified it is not expected for example to use the CMD HD 64HDD and an REU concurrently Only one drive type other than 64HDD is expected to work so you may be able to only get some combinations working First time Installation Procedure The disk keying and setup process can be avoided by using the pre keyed disk images available directly from the CMDRKEY website For certain GEOS applications to work they require the GEOS kernal to report a serial number that matches that keyed to the application you own The installation procedure described below will take care of that ensuring your GEOS applications continue to work Also GEOS is still available as a commercial program In order to respect the rights of those who own the rights to it you need to perform the initial boot from a real disk to validate that you are entitle to the 64HDD upgrading Other files such as Desk Top etc must be provided from your original disks Before following the steps below read through the rest of this section on GEOS support so that you are familiar with all the options you have COPLIN 1999 2006 54 of
28. aiad Batali det daei aerdata iaa 18 CBM Computer Compatibility cece ecececceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeesessneeeaeeeeeees 18 PO Compatibility smei senon jecacted cece cteddaysguesoepactebsasasteioeceeedcevectet dade 19 Protocol Spe gd a ieee aint te eee eee ee A ee 19 Cartridge DOS Wedge Compatibility cccccecceeeceeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneeeeeeees 21 Setup and Configuration s ssssssscsssssesnsesenensnsnnennnennnensnannns 25 Basic Requirements ccccccceeeeseeesecceeeeeeeeeeeeecaaeaeeeeeeeeeeeseeenaaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaaaees 25 Optional Requirement ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeneee 26 EAU I the PG ooaSetresincsneesertvertnutinentsentnemdueuleveutemsnseubuerduemiuaydemubnudneutverieaubumusacubcad 26 Be reer rr reer ee rene rome ee eer eer e nar eee rrr merten er etre 27 Configuring 64HDD scssntecchssatseassabasennitebbiicapatanhdnaaphanteo iodabansweundsonbastoaaneonoabaubiadeae 27 Configuring 64HDD for Use with a Boot Floppy or Boot CD cceeeeeeteeeees 28 64HDD Command line Parameters ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 29 Using a RAMDISK to speed things up especially for LFN and Power Loader DS aM ON eesosa a aA E A E S AEA 30 Trouble Shooting 64HDD ccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeee teeter eeeeecaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceaaeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 31 Accelerating Data Transfet ccesceeeseee sees sees
29. as device 8 BOOTing from the native MSD LFN file system is only supported by 64HDD Professional for the 128 Using a boot sector creation tool such as AUTOBOOT supplied in the distribution zip pseudo boot sectors can be created The boot sector information is stored as a special file identified as BOOTSECT 64H The same disk image rules apply to booting from the MSD LFN file system CP M Support Although 64HDD is intended primarily to support native Commodore modes of operation some limited CP M compatibility is possible Support presently is limited to the use of the disk images file system namely D64 types because the operation of CP M is via direct track sector accesses Only disk images compatible with the GCR system are usable with 64HDD This means that MFM disks cannot be utilised Multiple device numbers can be utilised each number being associated with the appropriate device letter for example A instead of 8 D instead of 11 It has been reported that some CP M utilities such as SPORT COM can be used to send disk commands to 64HDD for the purpose of changing disk images etc It should also be remembered that Disk Flipping can also be used to change disks Presently there is only minimal demand for a better CP M support and so there is no intention of spending time to develop these capabilities further If you require better CP M support please discuss this requirement with the author Note There is presently no Z L
30. as error 78 for when an MSDOS device is Not Ready PC Compatibility The development PC hosting the emulator is a 486SX33 but a range of PCs up to 2 4GHz have been tested at one time or other Mobile PC processors Centrino and M type for example may be incompatible because they do not necessarily run ata fixed clock speed since they are optimised for low power applications 64HDD is a DOS program This is necessitated by the Commodore serial bus protocol being intolerant of errors in timing and therefore necessitating the 64HDD program to very accurately monitor and control the timing of its communications Although some users have reported getting 64HDD to work from a MS Windows DOS Box the use of 64HDD in such an environment can not be guaranteed since interruptions may cause the communications with a Commodore to hang or error Protocol Speed The transfer rate for 64HDD can be configured by the user using command line switches The default setting uses timings that are essentially to Commodore COPLIN 1999 2006 19 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com specifications so any improvement in transfer rate is in the reduction of seek and decode times However optimisation of the timings is possible via the use of the faster and the fastest commandline switches These switches reduce the duration of the high and low CLOCK transitions to the minimum levels thus maximising dat
31. based storage devices programs run without the need to be patched However compatibility with Commodore s IEC protocol comes at the price of the traditional slow 1541 transfer speed that we all have grown to hate The bottleneck to fast loading is in the serial transfer of data from the disk drive controller to the computer The C64 C128 is even slower than the VIC20 it replaced because or the DMA characteristics of the VIC II graphics chip There are several things however that you can do to enhance your basic 64HDD system and reduce your loading times All 64HDD users can take advantage of a range Gi of cable ROM and cartridge piko eskloaden upgrades 64HDD Professional users also have a range of plug ins which can be installed sso pwrtoaa on their system to enhance the performance of their 64HDD system using only their standard X1541 or XE1541 cables Time to LOAD a 154 Block PRG File seconds 1541 IE 64HDD Turbo XE Serial vs Parallel Cables To get started all 64HDD requires is your basic X1541 or XE1541 cable This cable is a serial cable meaning data is sent as a stream of bits rather than as a single byte 64HDD also supports an 8bit parallel cable the PwrLoad cable that connects the PC s LPT port to both the Commodore s userport and IEC serial port Commands travel down the serial link but data is LOADed through the userport connection This instantly equates to at l
32. be compatible with the 1541 The 64HDD emulator is primarily being developed with a C128DCR and tested in both C64 and C128 modes Please note as the 64HDD emulator does not support cycle emulation and CPU execution schemes that are NTSC PAL sensitive cannot be expected to work 64HDD has been tested with standard CBM Kernals and the JiffyDOS Kernal for the C64 It is not intended to support alternate turbo Kernals that do not attempt to identify the device before initiating turbo transactions Special Note for troublesome communications for the IEC communications to work reliably with some installations of 64HDD you may need to have a real CBM disk drive eg 1541 connected as part of the daisy chain and it must be switched on This is generally observed to be needed if the PC s timing is not accurate or reliable or fast enough and the use of a real drive may reduce the likelihood of hang ups in these installations The only two characters which may give rise to unexpected results when used in a filename these being the and characters which now are used to control directory access It is also worth noting that some CBM characters displayed are not true ASCII as the PETASCII map contains several duplications For example is CHR 126 and not CHR 255 as would be sent if contained in filename quotes Remember though that JiffyDOS and other DOS wedges to not accept constructed filenames eg abc chr
33. can be adjusted by the user to suit their particular ZIP program or even an alternative decompressor By default the 64UNZIP BAT file will delete all files in the decompression directory using DELTREE and then use PKUNZIP to perform the actual decompression e Note if you chose to use a LFN based decompression tool be sure to use a LFN compatible DELetion tool COPLIN 1999 2006 131 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com MSDOS File System e Read and write of PRG SEQ and USR files OPEN 1 11 2 filename type where type is P S or U Name is searched as requested but if not found an attempt will be made to append the appropriate extension default is PRG All other non disk files are streamed from start to finish as if SEQ Command channel support for working with directories scratching copying and modifying files Refer to project specification sheet for intended capabilities By default 64HDD will only create files with valid 8 3 names and will substitute legal file extensions where not provided Generally upon reads files or directories will be as requested and only upon failure will substitution be tried For example if a file TEST FOR ERROR is saved 64HDD will save it as TESTFORE PRG in order to obey MSDOS rules An attempt to load it by the name TEST FOR ERROR file be attempted but as this will fail a retry with the name TE
34. cartridges are compatible with freeware CD and Professional of 64HDD Many software developers have created their own disk fast loaders to overcome the slow performance of the 1541 but unfortunately there is no standardised fast method GEOS Epyx ActionReplay etc all developed their own methods Some provide a speed up of 2 3times others like JiffyDOS claim up to a 10 12times improvement with sector interleave optimally set Often these transfer methods are reliant on the fact that both the 1541 and the Commodore 64 run at 1MHz hence there is no problem in synchronising the activities of each machine On the other hand CPUs in PCs run at a variety of speeds and they cannot be relied up on to be synchronised to the 1MHz Commodore computer Because of this the chances of 64HDD synchronising itself with every PC and disk fast loading method are pretty small To overcome this 64HDD uses its own serial disk acceleration method The method used simply sends the requested file as a bit stream the rate of which is controlled COPLIN 1999 2006 34 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com by the slowest computer in the partnership the C64 Presently only the C64 and C128 are support but with time it is hoped to adopt the method to the other Commodore computers used with 64HDD Bab Reet a ee Oe manag Since the C64 is now the boss the PC must be fast enough to respond to
35. for example FCOPY and FCOPY Command R H Rename Disk Header Professional version only Applicability C All MSDOS J D64 E D71 I D381 LI D2M L T64 LNX Syntax R H diskname id Examples Set current disk s name to MY HOMEWORK 10 OPEN15 11 15 R H MY HEADER CLOSE 15 Errors e Errors as would typically be associated with disk block accesses e Error 0 if successful e Error 31 is omitted Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals e Renaming disk id is optional e Disk contents and BAM remain unaltered COPLIN 1999 2006 117 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com In addition to the use of function keys and hardware button control device number swapping can be performed by the following command channel commands Command Device number Swapping Professional version only Applicability W All MSDOS D64 D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax g 8 WS 9 s D Examples Swap device 8 and 28 10 OPEN15 11 15 S 8 CLOSE 15 Errors J Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals e S 8 swaps with 8 Device 8 has its number changed to the last accessed 64HDD disk device via direct communication between 64HDD and that device The 64HDD device 8 is activated and the path definition assigned to 64HDD s dev
36. from various manufacturers Likewise the same processor can be installed in differing main boards with differing amounts of cache etc Some like laptops have processors that feature power saving features such as Speed Step These variations can lead to variability in the timing of the precise control signals that must pass between the PC and the Commodore during data transfer It is possible that some PCs that cope with the standard slow CBM serial transfer method may be incompatible with the FastLoad methods employed in 64HDD To avoid disappointment users are encouraged to test compatibility using the GEOS fast serial disk driver that is distributed from the 64HDD website COPLIN 1999 2006 39 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD System Plug ins Overview 64HDD s capabilities can be expanded by the use of plug ins Plug ins are executable programs and drivers which can be called by 64HDD to do new things such as play audio CDs networking or enhance the loading of files Officially supported 64HDD plug ins usually get their own commands which can be issued from the Commodore s keyboard Alternately users can execute other PC programs via the MSD command This for example could be done to run a cross compiler or other tool Below are listed a number of plug ins supported by 64HDD and downloadable from the 64HDD webpage LongFileName Support This plug in a
37. highlighting Overview 64HDD is PC software that provides many of the 8 bit Commodore computer range with drive emulation without the need of special drivers or kernal patches In very simple terms it makes the PC think and act like it is an enhanced 1541 1571 or 1581 disk drive system It does this through a X1541 or XE1541 cable connecting the 64 DP SE LPT port of a PC system or controller and the CBM computer Real CBM drives can still be daisy chained into the system A parallel transfer cable can also be added to il dramatically reduce program load times 64HDD supports all en MSDOS based mass storage hardware and various CBM emulator disk images It also emulates most CBM drive commands omitting only those that require the 65xx hardware for example M E memory execute X Gabie When you become fully familiar with all its features you will see that 64HDD can be a lot whole more than a disk drive S iC COPLIH 1333 2885 z Features 64HDD supports an extensive range of both CBM DOS standard and non standard functions To help provide the user with an overview of the functions not necessarily the syntax a summary of these features is outlined below Connectivity e Standard CBM serial mode support with no need to have special drivers loaded on the CBM computer e Both X1541 and XE1541 cables are supported COPLIN 1999 2006 13 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator
38. image partition which is not valid or available 75 FORMAT ERROR 1581 compatible error Unlikely to be seen when working with disk images 76 CONTROLLER ERROR 1581 compatible error Unlikely to be seen when working with disk images 77 SELECTED PARTITION ILLEGAL requested partition change is not available or partition number illegal Valid for 1581 emulation mode D81 and 64HDD partition table 78 SELECTED PATH NOT AVAILABLE requested path change is not available or legal 79 SYSDIR ERROR problem with locating the 64HDD SYSDIR directory 80 89 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED various codes as below which can occur if the request function is not supported Some commands are specific to particular emulation modes whilst in a few cases some commands are not supported by the current version of 64HDD 80 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED MSDOS 81 _ COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED D64 82 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED D71 83 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED D81 84 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED D2M 85 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED T64 86 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED LNX 87 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED H64 89 COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED 64HDD 92 PWR LOADER MISSING the request to send the file by the Pwr Load method is not possible because the required driver file is not located in the SYSDIR directory 94 FAST LOADER MISSING the request to send the file by the Fast Load or X Load or Z Load method is not possible because the required driver file is not located i
39. in 8 swapping once the boot process is complete The device swap function can also be invoked directly from the PC keyboard or by push buttons connected to the LPT port e Pressing the F11 key on the PC keyboard is the equivalent of S 8 Pressing it a second time will cancel the swap e Pressing the RESET64HDD and DISK FLIP switches can also be used to invoke a swapping operation Firstly press and hold DISK FLIP momentarily press and release RESET64HDD then release DISK FLIP The action is equivalent to S 8 the first time it is done The second time the sequence is done the swap will be cancelled Note The initial swap may not occur if the C64 has just been started and no serial bus commands have been issued This can occur with JiffyDOS which does not release all signal lines on start up it doesn t expect another device to want to have control Simply issue a disk command and the bus will be freed COPLIN 1999 2006 43 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Multi Disk Program Compatibility Flipping disks with Disk Flip Some C64 programs were distributed on multiple 1541 disks With some of these programs it is possible to copy the contents to a 1581 image and use all levels of a game for example without flipping the disk However many programs will not transfer to formats other than that of the original disk Nor do some programs allow you t
40. not all commercial programs will work as the track and sector error information is not present The T amp S error information can be transferred to the MSD directory by using the disk interrogate command 11541 or by manually creating a file called 64HD T amp S ERR containing the track sector error table for the original disk COPLIN 1999 2006 49 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Despite this enhanced mode there are still many other copy protection schemes which 64HDD cannot cope with The newer G64 format was hoped to overcome these limitations However many of these error schemes cannot as yet be transferred to a disk image by the CBM PC copy software There are however tools available to convert the data in G64 images to D64 files This conversion will lose the copy protection information in most cases preventing the program from booting but will still allow other data to be accessed by 64HDD COPLIN 1999 2006 50 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Native C128 Mode Support Boot Sector Support for Disk Images Disk image booting is supported by all versions of 64HDD greater than vO 7a0 It should be noted that although the C128 kernal will allow the boot sector from any device number to be requested subsequent operations default to device 8 If you wish the boot process to be completed ensure 64HDD is configured
41. number is 0 but again other numbers can be specified The z prefix requests the Z Loader Note due to a bug in early versions of the C128 Kernal ROM this method will not work on all C128 computers If you do not have the latest ROM version 04 then you may be forced into the MONITOR when you execute this command There are several other bugs in the early C128 ROM including the lower case q when caps lock is used Commodore s latest 04 Kernal ROM can be obtained from the author COPLIN 1999 2006 38 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Secondly using the LOAD SYS commands LOAD Z filename dv 1 SYS 11 256 Where dv is the device number These steps can be automated by using a loader and the dynamic keyboard technique Unlike the C64 the C128 has two RAM banks Whilst most programs load into the default RAMO bank some programs like the GEOS system needs to be loaded into the RAM1 bank This is where the second load method is useful Location 198 stores a flag to indicate which RAM bank should be loaded A simple POKE198 1 will cause the load to be into RAM1 For example LOAD Z raml file dv 1 POKE198 1 SYS 11 256 Omitting the poke will default to loading the file into RAMO If you are intending to take advantage of GEOS128 support do not install a driver higher than Z4Ldr Note PC processors come in all sort of flavours and
42. number with either a directory or supported disk image attached Examples Copy this file from the current 64HDD device 11 to another 10 OPEN 1 11 15 K 10 ORIGINAL CLOSE 1 Errors e Errors 62 and 25 returned as appropriate e Error 74 if target device is not active e Sometimes the error channel has to be read twice Notes e The file is first read to a temporary file in the 64hdd system directory and then to the target drive The transfer is done entirely by 64HDD e Both devices must be 64HDD drives You cannot KOPY to a non 64HDD drive You can KOPY from disk image to image LFN MSD to image or image to LFN MSD e Wildcards can be used but only the first filename match is used e LFN names are preserved if transferring from disk image to the LFN file system The filetype is preserved e LFN names are only preserved when transferring from LFN to disk image if the full file name is given The filetype is preserved only if specified eg S for SEQ in the source name COPLIN 1999 2006 86 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Make MSDOS directory Applicability C All ff MSDOS L D64 J D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax MD new_dirname MDO new_dirname Examples Create this new directory OPEN 1 11 15 MD NEW DIR CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 77 returned if failure to create Notes e Inthe MSDOS file syst
43. of data rather than true control of data transmission with ATN signal acknowledgment Basically what this meant was that the simple streaming techniques worked fine for streaming a PRG file but could not be used to control COPLIN 1999 2006 17 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com SEQ data or byte by byte transmissions as required for command control This was new ground for the 64HDD project and implementation was made all the more difficult because of the CPU constraint imposed In recent times two other programs have been identified that attempt to do PC based drive emulation PC DISK 3 0 and 1541EMU the later being a new comer with a fairly steep PC speed requirement but promises better CPU emulation but requires a specialised cable and a fast PC IO system Compatibility CBM Computer Compatibility Since 64HDD emulates Commodore s serial bus protocol it is expected to be compatible with all CBM models that had a CBM serial port and could connect to drives such as the 1541 This serial port is technically referred to as an IEC serial port CBM models using this port include C64 C64c SX64 C128 C128D and C128DCR C16 Plus 4 and presumably also C116 etc and VIC20 and VC20 Of course not every software release will be fully tested with each of these machines Some of these machines ran at slightly different soeeds to the C64 but in general all had their kernals developed to
44. on the Commodore serial bus must have a unique number it is not possible to have both 64HDD and another drive enabled as 8 The easiest way to avoid the conflict is to switch off the other device if not required Alternatively the other device can be re numbered either by hardware modifying jumpers and installing switches if needed or by software for example by using the one of the demo programs supplied with 64HDD For 64HDD Professional users there is a third way device number swapping Device number swapping is a procedure introduced by CMD devices to cater for occasions where software must be booted from a real disk due to copy protection or fastloader but once booted can be run from a compatible device The error extended disk image formats used by 64HDD overcome many of these limitations but the same technique can be used with software that uses fast loaders or GCR type copy protection or won t work from the larger D81 image type The other situation that may require swapping is for programs which were written with only drive 8 in mind Two types of device swapping are catered for e When swapping to device 8 the last accessed 64HDD device number and path is exchanged e When swapping to device 9 64HDD device 29 is used To use in combination with a program that requires booting from a real floppy disk first activate and assign an image of the program to the appropriate 64HDD device Then boot the original
45. or LOAD e Assigning of partitions or short cuts to disk images or directories e Changing between partitions and other management functions File time and date stamping e Block Read Error handling to support many low level disk copy protection schemes COPLIN 1999 2006 14 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Disk Flipping for compatibility with applications spanning several disks Commands to assign new drives on the fly Simple ON and OFF commands to control which device numbers respond and which will not Professional version Only Supplied with a large selection of demonstration programs and utilities Special CMD drive compatibility mode to improve operation with tools designed for CMD products Professional version Only Built in function to transfer disks to and from D64 disk images Professional version Only Device Number Swapping Professional version Only Cross Platform Functions Copying of files between MSDOS drives with a single command great for transferring images or files from PC floppy to your file system On the Fly ASCII translation between standard and PETASCII External Functions Reading and writing of 1581 and FD2000 compatible disks Co processing on the PC s CPU possible for example PKZIP cross compilers etc can do the job in seconds compared to minutes PC Mouse support for custom CBM applications via
46. or paths for example unit 10 can be defined to be your CDROM at d whilst unit 5 can be you favourite game 3 units 0 to 999 are mapped across all 8 possible device numbers supported by 64HDD thus unit 8 can be available from device 8 and device 11 at the same time Unit numbers can be thought of as shortcuts and can be set up to alleviate a lot of keyboard typing Unit definitions are saved in the file CMDPRTN TBL in the 64HDD System Directory or Partition Directory if specified on command line This file is in ASCII format and may be edited using a text editor The first five characters of each line are reserved abc for the unit number label After this is the path definition The units must be sequential listed and are left bank if undefined For example 009 010 c 64hdd utils 011 012 ca test d6 4 013 The partition file can also be modified using the appropriate 64HDD commands Remember that if the 64HDD system directory is stored on a RAMDisk for speed it should be copied back to a real disk by the GO64HDD batch file if changes are to be kept for future use The following conventions should be adhered to COPLIN 1999 2006 101 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Unit 0 Default partition re definitions ignored Unit 255 System partition for CMD compatibility set to 64HDD System Directory location Units 900 999 Reserv
47. run without the 1541 s drive space constraints However 64HDD Professional can overcome all this The 64HDD MSD file system uses the native file system of MSDOS or the LFN extension of it The MSD file system doesn t have a CBM compatible directory structure and so cannot be normally accessed with block read commands TRACK18 emulation corrects for this by intercepting the block read command and either creating or responding with the equivalent directory block information This enhancement combined with the mapping of the 1541 s ROM allows programs such as GoDot to use the unrestricted space of the MSD LFN file system whilst keeping the program thinking it is working with a 1541 drive This emulation scheme alone however will not overcome all incompatibilities as some programs most notably GEOS and programs with copy protection will access data blocks not on the disk directory s track see next sub section Many commercial programs use disk errors as part of their copy protection schemes Early copy protection schemes used errors located in a particular track sector location These errors can be transferred to a disk image by using the error extended disk format when the disk is first transferred to D64 D71 or D81 format 64HDD copes with these errors and sends the appropriate response when the copy protection scheme tries to detect a copy However when the disk s contents are transferred to the MSD file system
48. sent to restart the GO64HDD batch file or you can set this path manually Step 5 Boot GEOS 2 0 using your original disk in 8 swap to the copy of the 64HDD disk and launch the keying program This GEOS application will key your 64HDD D64 boot disk image and transfer your serial number Re Compiled 64HDD GEOS Kernals Booting GEOS from 64HDD Re Compiled Kernals Before proceeding with the first time installation process you will have to make some decisions about which disk protocol and which disk image format you will be using The freeware release is limited to D64 and a choice of slow or fast serial routines The slow format uses the standard CBM way of talking to drives it will work but it is slow The fast serial routines use a custom disk speeder The fast routines may not be compatible with very slow PC processors you will have to try it for yourself You may also run into problems on very fast PCs which use a variable clock speed especially some modern notebooks COPLIN 1999 2006 55 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com For each disk image type D64 D81 etc there are three disk protocols and two modes to choose from This may seem complicated but there are good reasons for this For each of these combinations you will have a choice of kernal to use The initial release is limited to D64 Refer to the table below Re Compiled 64HDD
49. suit the particular program and you could create one per game and include the drive number swap code A special way exists to automate the Disk Flip partition table by using extended common name partition tables The method is fully described in the section on Partition and Unit Definitions ShortCuts COPLIN 1999 2006 45 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Copy Protection Support Introduction Many commercial programs written for the C64 where distributed on copy protected disks The schemes employed by these programs were many and varied and even to this day not all can be transferred to emulator disk image format The information below provides an overview of how disks work and how the emulator formats capture the information that is on them RACK 35 The above describes the structure of a typical 1541 disk The standard disk has 35 tracks or concentric rings with the directory on track 18 Each track is divided into a number of segments called sectors These sectors are shown pictorially below Some Commodore disks can vary the number of sectors stored on a track ona track by track basis The actual 1541 drive was physically capable of formatting more that 35tracks in fact it could easily be made to format 40tracks Even more extreme some schemes used the fact that half tracks and tracks up to 42 5 could be accessed and so made use of these as part of the
50. support requires that a Pentium CPU is installed in the PC and that EMM386 is not installed The CPU speed should be given as an integer in MHz but if omitted and p is the last command line parameter 64HDD will attempt to compute it Some Pentium systems will work with the standard PIT timing method really depends on how compatible your compatible is LongFileName LFN support needs a special module installed See the INSTALL TXT file for information and the relevant chapter in the User Manual for specifics Special attention should be paid to ensure adequate FILES BUFFERS and FCBS are allocated the LFN tools can stretch these requirements As the emulator may reset when the RESET signal on the serial line is RESET eg when the Commodore computer is switched on or reset it is recommended that the 64HDD program be controlled via the example batch file provided GO64HDD BAT This batch file is also configured for working with the EXIT command This batch file may be modified by the experienced user The noreset command line option may also be used The GO64HDD BAT file has been configured to accept command line parameters so that as in the registration example below additional information can be given GO64HDD xyz The number of parameter passed to the batch file and the length of the final command line is limited by MSDOS rules and this can vary between DOS versions You might need to be mindful of the number of items lis
51. the IEC serial port the 64HDD emulator will reset when the CBM computer resets This occurs when you switch on the CBM computer but by using the batch file supplied with 64HDD the emulator will restart 64HDD can be reset by resetting the CBM computer The 64HDD emulator will not be reset by pressing the drive reset on a C128D or DCR e After the emulator has started issue the LOAD device command If a PC directory is listed then you are in business If not see trouble shooting e Attach one of the disk images supplied with 64HDD utilities and work through the examples to test function and capability e If you wish to have LongFileName support in the MSDOS environment refer to details in that section of the manual and follow the instructions carefully Configuring 64HDD for Use with a Boot Floppy or Boot CD For those 64HDD users who must use a boot floppy since their PC system does not have the option to reboot to MSDOS eg WinNT Win2000 or WinXP here are some tips which may be useful COPLIN 1999 2006 28 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Use a RAMDISK to store key MSDOS components this will improve system performance e Use the MSDOS COMSPEC variable to point the search for COMMAND COM to either a hard drive or RAM drive location e USE the NTFSDOS EXE utility to read your NTFS disks The freeware version downloadable from the internet allows read only access to y
52. the command channel Control of CD Audio Playback Reading and setting of Real Time Clock Calendar Graphical User Interface Functions Professional version only Various functions can be co ordinated from the PC keyboard and mouse 64HDD supports hot keys for shelling to MSDOS resetting 64HDD or the C64 doesn t work with all cables CBM computer types and for changing certain operational modes toggle LFN and CMD modes 64HDD s GUI provides details about the Track and Sector being accessed the filename and path progress during the data transfer and error information 64GUI can be spawned from the 64HDD screen at the press of a key 64GUI allows attachment of new files paths to devices the activation deactivation of devices and maintenance of the partition and short cut tables 64CONFIG allows many of the steps needed as part of the installation and configuration to be automated and it can make recommendations about changes needed to your MSDOS system files FileManager built in for copying renaming moving and deleting files with Favorites list Print Spooling and Emulation Functions Professional version only Jobs to devices 4 and 5 can be spooled to the PrintSpooler New commands to control jobs on the PrintQueue 64GUI includes a PrintManager PrintEngines allow conversion or redirection of print jobs eg TXT HTML COPLIN 1999 2006 15 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64h
53. the future The purpose of most of these utilities will be to assist with disk image navigation and or to take advantage of other 64HDD features Disk Flip With 64HDD GEOS configured for Drive A as either the boot or as a second 64HDD drive the disk flip function can be used to swap through a list of D64 disk images Care should be taken to only swap the disk when GEOS would normally consider it to be safe to do so ShortCuts Supplied with 64HDD is a small application called ShortCut This application should be copied to all your disks This application allows you to attach a new disk image by simply running it In addition to attaching a new disk the name of an application to launch can be specified This application can be remained to suit your needs The information in the InfoBox C Q identifies where the short cut goes to For example say you want a short cut to your GEO Publish disk e Copy ShortCut to a new name eg geoPublish e Change the text in the info box to point to the name and location of the disk image eg d geos geopub d64 e lf you also want to start the application add the name of the application to the path after a character eg d geos geopub d64 GEOPUBLISH e Note GEOS is case sensitive when it comes to application names e A special use of the ShortCut feature is to replace the DESK TOP file that is 120blocks in size with a 2block short cut called DESK TOP pointing back to your boot di
54. works well particularly vO 3pI3 on a 486 but had no write or command channel support Unfortunately only the newer versions introduced the SAVE and command functions but required Pentium processors even the 486 version of this program worked unreliably on my 486DX2 66 Pentiums were not yet the commodity could dedicate to this project Additionally the direction of the program was going down the user interface path rather than the black box system controller that was my primary objective SERVER64 This is another good program and has both read and write capabilities unfortunately it also had no command channel support and could only work with one image or directory per initialisation It also appears work on this stopped long ago Consequently the 64HDD project was born with the purpose of implementing some of the features the above two programs did plus a range of other functions Ultimately the aim is to make this a viable option for those not able to get their hands on a CMD hard disk and further more allow those with many emulator disk images to use them easily with their original CBM equipment There were various sources of information regarding the protocol documented on the Internet and even some code in various programming languages The implementation of the protocol supported by the aforementioned programs was unfortunately not adequate for detailed emulation the reason being that they employed streaming
55. you may need to have a specialised PrintEngine written Fortunately most programs including listing of source code and GEOS are well behaved and so should not cause to many problems When listing BASIC source using the CMDx redirection command just remember to include a secondary address when opening the printer device and the rest will take care of itself For each print job two files are created The first is an APPSPOOL USR file that for now contains the secondary address used to open the file but will in future contain COPLIN 1999 2006 65 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com additional information about the print job The second is the JOBSPOOL USR file which contains the stream of data the Commodore application was sending to the printer device Print Engines are standalone programs that read in a Print Job and process it Print Engines can be written to perform a number of purposes e Translation from Commodore format to another format for example PC Text or HTML e Redirection this involves taking the data that was destined for a Commodore printer and streaming it to another devices connected to a PC eg another LPT port or to another Commodore device for example connected as 5 It should be noted that the latter can also easily be written as a Commodore program Print Engines are written as separate pieces of software They can be written in any language that compile
56. 126 xyz will not work with JD which will issue COPLIN 1999 2006 18 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com abc only Such commands will unfortunately need to be send the long hand way with OPEN 64HDD will co exist with GEOS providing 64HDD is set to device numbers greater than 11 and from version 0 7a0 GEOS can actually be booted from 64HDD though specialised kernels need to be used configured Refer to the GEOS section of this manual for detailed information 64HDD will work with the Handic Vic Switch and will presumable work with other IEC multiplexing networking devices For the Handic configuration a real CBM drive was found to be definitely required in the daisy chain If a particular disk drive command is not support then one of the following errors will be reported 31 SYNTAX ERROR This means commands is not understood or syntax is incorrectly given 8x COMMAND NOT SUPPORTED xxxxx This means that the command is understood but that its function has not been implemented yet or is unavailable with the selected file system Error 89 means that 64HDD does not yet support the function and a series of beeps will be sounded each time such a command is given for example with M E In C128 mode 64HDD will also beep as the burst load command is tested for but loading will continue as normal after this Some additional error codes have also been added such
57. 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Step 1 Copy all your GEOS disks to D64 format If you haven t done this before do so using TRANS64 or StarCommander There is also a large range of Public Domain GEOS software available on the internet Step 2 If required copy the DESK TOP and other utilities to the 64HDD GEOS boot disk image you hope to use This should be done using Trans64 StarCommander or another disk management utility that works with disk images and understands the GEOS file format CONFIGURE should be placed after at least one auto exec driver eg after the 64HDD clock driver or renamed to CONFIGUREx so that it is not automatically started by the DESK TOP The boot disk image to use depends upon which disk driver version you will be using slow fast pwr load You should try the fast drivers first and only if not compatible should you revert to the slow driver see notes below Step 3 Copy the 64HDD GEOS boot D64 to a real 5 25 floppy This physical copy of the 64HDD boot disk will contain the application that will be used to key your 64HDD D64 boot disk image The keying application must be run from a real disk drive after booting your original disk Step 4 Start up 64HDD with your 644HDD GEOS boot disk image attached as drive 15 and no other 64HDD drives active Only the image in drive 15 will be keyed by the registration program The EXIT 15 command can be
58. 28 or non C64 machine Note These will contain an incorrect load address header can be repaired by first slow loading then in C64 mode and then saving them to disk again The header will now point to the C64 s load address 2 Files which themselves auto run and hence over write 64HDD s loader 3 Files which load over the C64 s datasette buffer 4 Files longer than approximately 202blocks as these will over write the IO memory map and scramble the C64 s hardware The ROM resident version of the fast loader will probably overcome many of these limitations As with the advanced PwrLoad ROM it should be able to load under the IO area but with a small penalty in transfer speed Multi part programs will only be subsequently FastLoaded if the filenames are prefixed with the appropriate code or if the ROM resident version automatically does it It should be easy to fix some multi part games by using this technique a Open the disk image in a binary editor a Find where the filename is stored and usually appears in PETACSII for example filename b Modify the filename to include the prefix for example x file Note your modified name cannot contain more characters than the original so you may need to use wildcards as in the example above this is because the file is binary not text c Save the changes COPLIN 1999 2006 36 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd
59. 3 filename validity is omitted an error 62 returned if file not found COPLIN 1999 2006 76 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Inthe MSDOS file system if M has not been specified attempts will be made to delete the given filename with extension PRG SEQ and USR This should not disturb existing CBM programs as they would only expect one file of a given name in each as type checking is not done by CBM DOS Command Rename file on in current device directory Applicability C All HJ MSDOs E D64 B 071 B Ds1 L D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax R newfilename oldname M RO newname oldname M RENAME newname oldname M RENAMEO newname oldname M Where M specified that filenames should be treated as explicitly give as is the case when working with MSDOS files This option is only valid in the MSDOS file system Examples Rename this file OPEN 1 11 15 R NEWFILE OLDFILE CLOSE 1 Rename this MSDOS file OPEN 1 11 15 R NEWFILE JPG OLDFILE JPG M CLOSE 1 Errors e Errors 62 and 60 returned as appropriate e If using LFNs Ok is always reported limitation of the external LREN program Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system if M has not been specified three attempts are made to rename the file using extensions PRG SEQ and USR Each rename attempt is to the same file type
60. 541 OPEN 1 11 15 T1541 DUCKS D64 CLOSE 1 Transfer D64 image in current directory to 1541 but format disk first OPEN 1 11 15 T1541 DUCKS D64 F CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 182 returned for any system error e Other errors as appropriate if disk image has problems e Error 0 Ok if transfer is successful Notes e This command is only designed to work with a 1541 or a 1571 locked in 1541 mode e The D64 Disk image has to be in the current directory else the relative path must be specified e The transfer is performed by 64HDD directly talking and listening to a 1541 device connected as 8 Note No other bus activity is allowed during the disk transfer as it will result in a bus contention due to multiple talkers and will result in a failure to complete the operation COPLIN 1999 2006 111 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Progress is displayed on 64GUI and can also be inferred from the status of the 1541 s activity light e The transfer scheme employs generic U1 and U2 disk block read commands making it very compatible but unfortunately very slow The transfer is however faster than a Commodore doing the work as only a one way transfer is needed e Support is only offered in MSDOS file system as a precaution against transferring a disk image that is currently active e Error information contained in the disk image is not tran
61. 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com User Manual COPLIN 1999 2006 i i Also for NCl G JiffyDOS SCPL Side 2c ae Compatible olerant Compatible C128 COPLIN 1999 2006 1 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Copyright Notice Alpha amp Beta versions of this software before version 1 0 are freeware The Professional version of 64HDD is available for purchase from the 64HDD website or authorised dealers Code is being developed by Nicholas Coplin Email ncoplin lycos com Website www 64hdd com Both the freeware and Professional versions of 64HDD are copyrighted Distribution with other products or on compilation disks without prior permission from the author is prohibited COPLIN 1999 2006 Commodore and C logo are registered trademarks Tulip Computers International B V and their licensees COPLIN 1999 2006 2 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD at a Glance What is 64HDD and how does it 64HDD work 64 DD 64HDD is a software program that is run on arene a PC to provide a highly compatible disk X Cable and hard drive functionality for Commodore a 8 Bit computers A simple cable is needed bd to connect the PC port to the Commodore 3 Dpi 11 64HDD emulates the serial protocol used by the Commodore computers to communicate to the disk dr
62. 64HDD eg PC Mouse driver However there is no intention for me to develop a new GEOS Wheels and MegaPatch3 seem like fine products and should you wish for 64HDD to be usable with these products discuss it with their respective authors am willing to assist the authors with coding the necessary disk drivers If you wish to use replacement desk tops such as Dual Top and Mini Desk you can try them These desk top replacements are merely file management applications that lie over the kernal and providing they use the standard kernal jump table calls should work Not all at present work with the Re Compiled kernals but most work with the XP version COPLIN 1999 2006 53 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com All official GeoWorks products have been tested and these do work This includes GEOS geoPAINT geoWRITE geoCALC geoCHART geoPUBLISH geoPROGRAMMER geoBASIC and various utilities supplied on the disks What will not work with 64HDD GEOS In addition to Wheels and MP3 Gateway is not expected to work with the 64HDD GEOS kernal Maurice Randall has released the driver code for the 1581 Wheels disk drivers so it should be possible to modify this to work with 64HDD Anyone interested in helping should contact me for information It is also expected that some programs that apply patches to the GEOS kernal will not work with the reverse engineered kernals This is because the
63. 9 2006 47 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Disk data Image Type Track 1 Sector 0 Track 1 Sector 1 Track n Sector m 1 Track n Sector m D64 or similar 256bytes per block Error T1 So0 Error 11 94 Error Tn Sm Error Tn Sm Error Extended 1byte per block The original D64 image format knows nothing about the half tracks and so in its standard form only 35track disks are stored A 40track version of the disk also now exists and is supported by 64HDD For 64HDD or indeed any other emulator to work with a copy protected disk enough information needs to be captured from the disk when it originally transferred to disk image The table below outlines some the schemes employed and how compatible they are with the disk images supported by 64HDD Copy Protection Disk Image Type 64HDD Support none D64 or similar Yes disk image or MSD LFN modes Hidden files D64 or similar Yes disk image only T amp S error D64 error extended Yes disk image or transfer to MSD LEN with T amp S emulation 40Track Disks D64 or similar Yes disk image or MSD LFN modes Read only on disk image though Half Tracks D64 or similar Depending upon the method some 1 2 track schemes block physical backups but not D64 backups as for example T20 5 will be saved as
64. AM type e Do not have CONFIGURE on your non boot disks Logging these disks will activate the program and cause the system to hang A simple work around is to rename the file to CONFIGUREx e Do not run applications from a real disk in Drive A This will result in Drive B your 64HDD drive disappearing When you next try c B CONFIGURE on that disk will be automatically run and will attempt to detect the 64HDD drive causing the system hang A real drive should be used for transferring files into and out of your system not usually for running applications e Do not use directory shadowing COPLIN 1999 2006 57 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Example 1 e 64HDD drive is 9 D64 boot image fast load disk driver 1 Start 64HDD on 9 attach the GEOS disk image 2 Load and run GEO1541F 3 When Desk Top finishes loading you are ready to use GEOS No further operations are needed Drive A will report an error if you try to access it with C A but the error is not fatal 4 Within programs the DRIVE button should be not visible Example 2 e 64HDD drive is 9 D64 boot image fast load disk driver real 1541 is 8 Start 64HDD on 9 attach the GEOS disk image Load and run GEO1541F When Desk Top finishes loading start CONFIGURE The 64HDD drive 9 will be of type RAM 1541 Select drive 8 as 1541 Save Configuration Quit Use c A to activate drive 8 Use C B
65. ATTRIB is only compatible with ShortFileNames e Some DOS wedges such as that in JiffyDOS have a different definition for commands beginning with F You will need to use a quote F L filename F U filename es a Applicability _ All MSDOS _ D64 D71 _ D81 _ D2M _ T64 _ LNX Syntax N diskname typ id NO diskname typ id Where diskname must be a valid MSD filename typ is D64 D71 D81 D2M id is ignored Examples Create a blank D64 called MY PROGS OPEN 1 11 15 N MY PROGS D64 CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 0 if successful else e Syntax error 31 if invalid image type given error 77 if image cannot be created or attached eg disk is write protected Notes e Command only works if in a MSD directory The resultant disk will be created in that directory e Diskname can be up 8characters long and should not contain illegal MSD characters e The disk s header is renamed to diskname however the disk ID is left as default e 64HDD will attach the device to the new disk ready for access COPLIN 1999 2006 89 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e The appropriate BLANK COM file must be on the MSDOS path for this command to work Device Independent Commands Command Get Set 64HDD Time Applicability W All C MSbDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax T hhmmss TO hhmmss TIME hhmmss TIMEO hhmm
66. Attach another D64 to the other drive Load and run GEO1541F REU 5 When Desk Top finishes loading start CONFIGURE The 64HDD boot drive will be of type 1541 Set the other drive also to 1541 Save Configuration Quit 7 Use c Ato activate drive 8 Use c B to activate drive 9 Alternatively click the disk A B icons 8 Within programs the DRIVE button should be visible 9 Note to copy files between Drives A and Drive B using the Desk Top the disk names should be different this is a GEOS rule 10 You may additionally have an REU also active for caching etc but this may not work for swapping In fact you may need to activate it before selecting the disk for 8 on x x an Booting GEOS from 64HDD XP Kernals Professional version only The XP kernals greatly simplify the boot process though some of the general rules discussed above also apply to this system XP is available for both GEOS64 and GEOS128 Each GEOS master disk contains a boot menu program that allows runtime selection of the disk driver to load There are currently six disk drivers to select from The default is to configure only the boot drive as type real The PreConfig utility is used to change the 64HDD drive to type RAM if you wish to use GEOS with a real 1541 disk drive In general the same rules as above apply to mixing real 64HDD and REU drives The table below outlines the disk driver protocols that ar
67. GEOS tools can be used to control 64HDD during your GEOS session These utilities include CMD_MOVE for copying or changing between disk images attached as partitions DOS wedge by Jim Collette is another utility that can be used to enhance your GEOS session by allowing you to send commands to your 64HDD system Others to try include geoShell Command Clear Set Master Disk Protection flag Applicability C Al C MSDOS J D64 C D71 C D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax GMP 0 GMP 1 Examples Clear protection flag on current diskimage OPEN 1 11 15 GMP 0 CLOSE 1 Errors J Notes e When bitis set files cannot be directly deleted from the desktop but only via dragging to the border e Booting from a diskimage will re activate the protection flag and so the only way to clear flag from a boot disk is temporarily by using a utility running under GEOS COPLIN 1999 2006 62 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD GEOS Disk and Utilities Screenshots 64HDD GEOS Disk This disk contains you re the start up kernels and some utilities DeskTop needs to be added and the D64 keyed with your GEOS serial number before it will work as a boot disk image Key in 64HDD This is the application that will perform the keying operation You must have the D64 transferred to a real disk and run from there after booting the original and 64
68. HDD Non Keyed Error If your 64HDD GEOS boot disk image has not been keyed you will get this error screen pretty obvious Try keying the disk image again COPLIN 1999 2006 i free 11 files 6 selected 66 Kbytes used 165 Kbytes 8 CE015415 lo CEOS 415 REU Shortcut COMM 1351 Comm Compat EFHOD her Key in 64HDD CONFICURE GEOS64HD 1 selected 66 Kbytes used 165 Kbytes free 11 files GHOD disk GEOS64HD type Application class 64HDD utils V6 1 structure SEQUENTIAL size 1K CE015415 Cet 64HDD R Modified 27672 author Nicholas Coplin O Write Protect D64 GeosBoot disk in 15 Boot from original in 8 6 21 PM 64HDD GEOS boot disk not keyed System Halted 63 of 136 49 19 59 PM v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator Desk Top Error This will result if you successfully key your 64HDD boot disk but either you forgot to put desk top on the D64 you need to do this as it is not supplied or the driver has experienced an error whilst trying to load desk top might mean your PC is not fast enough to use the fast drivers 64HDD Clock Driver This is an auto exec that will run each time your 64HDD GEOS boots to set the date and time automatically It will only work if your boot current drive is a 64HDD drive ShortCut Utility This is small application can be used to connect and run applications not on the currently
69. J D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax w 0 W 1 ir Examples Set write protect mode 10 OPEN15 11 15 W 1 CLOSE 15 Errors e Error 26 returned attempt made to write with protection set Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals e T64 and LNX file systems are always in write protect mode as 64HDD does not support creation of these file types Command SCSI Command Professional version only Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M T64 LNX Syntax wsg or Examples Errors e Error 4x returned upon attempt to issue a particular SCSI command Notes e As 64HDD does not require a SCSI controller all attempts to perform low level commands are responded to with a SCSI controller error This should give the CMD application the chance to abort the process COPLIN 1999 2006 116 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command G P Get Partition information Professional version only Applicability W All MSDOS D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 LNX Syntax G Pn G p7 Examples Errors e Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals e There are easier ways to access partitions with 64HDD however this command is included to provide compatibility with several programs already designed for the CMD series of device
70. L T64 C LNX Syntax M R Notes e f number of bytes is not specified 13 may be accidentally transferred as the CR at the end of the PRINT statement will be parsed Command Memory Write Applicability C All MSDOS ff De4 ff D71 W 081 E D2u L T64 LJ LNX Syntax M W Notes e f number of bytes is not specified 13 may be accidentally transferred as the CR at the end of the PRINT statement will be parsed In this case the actual data would be invalid values COPLIN 1999 2006 84 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e If the write operation would involve over writing the ROM then the entire M W is cancelled This will not normally be a problem as most CBM drives do not have RAM next to ROM in their memory map COPLIN 1999 2006 85 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Extended Drive Commands Below are listed the special commands supported by 64HDD These allow use of additional features such as creating and manipulating directories reading the time and date and so on Many of these commands are similar to those used by CMD devices but often an additional 64HDD syntax is also provided for specifying additional options Device Dependent Commands es Applicability C All J MSDOs J De4 If 071 D381 LI 2m L T64 LNX copy K backup original KOPY backup original Where backup is other 64HDD device
71. LOSE 1 Errors e Always OK or Syntax Error 31 Notes e Must be issued to the command channel of a 64HDD device can be a drive or printer e When issued using JiffyDOS or a DOS wedge use a before the P eg PNEXT 4 e PNEXT is needed to increment job numbers when a program does not use the secondary channel to talk to a printing device Command Viewing the PrintQueue Professional version only Applicability E All J MSbos D64 J D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax PPAUSE LOAD pdev Examples Pause the print spooler and look at what is in the Print Queue for device 4 OPEN 1 11 15 PPAUSE CLOSE 1 LOAD 4 LIST Errors e Always OK or Syntax Error 31 Notes COPLIN 1999 2006 119 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Must be issued to the command channel of a 64HDD device can be a drive or printer e When issued using JiffyDOS or a DOS wedge use a before the P eg PPAUSE e PPAUSE is needed to allow the command to be passed on without being trapped by the spooler routine e Only files with the JOBxxxxx USR name will be listed APP files and files generated by the Print Engines will not be shown To see these you will need to change to the directory using one of the drive device numbers Command Printing a specific JobNumber Professional version only Applicability W All J MSDOS D64
72. R CHECKING DRIVE n where for example n D e If drive information is available VAL can be used to strip number of blocks from error message Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e only reports what space MSDOS sees for the device e when used whilst a disk image is logged it reports space for the device not the image Command Exit 64HDD and set error_level upon exit Applicability W MSDOS J D64 D71 D81 L D2M _ T64 LNX Syntax E error_leve EO0 error_leve l EXIT error_level EXITO error_level Examples Exit with error_level 8 OPEN 1 11 15 EXIT 8 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES PRINT EMS CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok or equivalent EN ET ES always 0 e Syntax error 30 returned if format is too short or error_level lt 0 Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e 64HDD will exit when the next file closure is made and the emulator returns to idle mode hence all other CBM files channels should already be closed before executing this command e The error_level is used to control execution of a BATCH file on the PC controller The batch file can be configured to restart 64HDD or to restart it with different device assignments see example batch files COPLIN 1999 2006 92 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Read PC Mouse Position and button status
73. ROR data block not present This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller was requested to read or verify a data block that was not properly written This error message occurs in conjunction with the BLOCK commands and indicates an illegal track and or block request 23 READ ERROR checksum error in data block This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection This error message indicates that there was an error in one or more of the data bytes The data has been read into the DOS memory but the checksum over the data is in error 24 READ ERROR byte decoding error This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection The data or header was read into the DOS memory but a hardware error has been created due to an invalid bit pattern in the data byte 25 WRITE ERROR write verify error This message is generated if 64HDD detects a mismatch between the written data and the data in the DOS memory 26 WRITE PROTECT ON This message is generated when 64HDD has been requested to write a data block while the write protect mode is selected professional version or the disk image is of read only type 27 READ ERROR checksum erro
74. STFORE PRG will be made without an error being flagged to the CBM user For file or directory deletion or copying the complete MSDOS filename with extension or a wildcard is required e If the LongFileName LFN system has been correctly installed 64HDD will allow the creation of valid 16 3 filenames The LFN system uses a naming file format which is Windows95 compatible and as such files can be transferred to from a Windows95 system MSDOS LongFileName Support 64HDD can support most CBM 16character filenames in the MSDOS file system providing Odi s LongFileName LFN utilities are installed Use of LFNs improves CBM software compatibility Version 1 55 of the LFN tools is required along with an installation of 64HDD v0 6a3 and higher This version of the LFN tools allows some support long names to be read on ISO9660 format CD ROMs MSDOS FileNames in 8 3 format LongFileNames in 16 3 format COPLIN 1999 2006 132 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com In LFN mode 64HDD uses 16 3 format names instead of the 8 3 format dictated by MSDOS The 16 3 format is subset of the LFN format introduced by Windows95 However Windows95 or MSDOS7x did not provide tools that allow the LFN files to be created or copied in any environment except for when Windows95 is actually running in its Graphical Mode There are several tools available for free which allow the Windows95 LFN
75. T20 upon the second read attempt Half Tracks G64 File format not supported by 64HDD GCR errors G64 Not supported no X1541 cable tools exist to create image from real disks Fortunately many programs can be archived without any copy protection being present and these will often be the easiest to use with 64HDD Parameter tools such as Maverick can de protect many programs or alternatively back up cartridges such COPLIN 1999 2006 48 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com as ActionReplay can make single file back ups of most games and AR for example can save backups directly to 64HDD when active as device 9 D71 D81 and other disk image formats work in a similar way but it is less likely that these will contain copy protection information However the extended error information is a useful check on whether the disk contains physical errors due to aging or surface damage Many commercial programs written for the C64 directly access the directory located in Track 18 They do this for reasons of speed but the technique only works if the disk drive is a 1541 Many of these programs will fail to work if transferred to D81 format as the 1581 s directory is located in an entirely different disk track This would be a serious modern day limitation as is prevents programs being transferred to the 64HDD native file system where they can be more efficiently
76. a different location to that shown in these files these files must be modified to reflect the new path For example the default is c 64hdd system but if a RAMdisk is used the path may be e 64hdd system Be sure to change all occurrences in both T1581 and F1581 files Command Transfer D81 image to 1 44FDD using 1581COPY Applicability C All J MSDOS J D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax T1581 filename D81 T1581 Examples Transfer D81 image in current directory to 1 44FDD OPEN 1 11 15 T1581 DUCKS D81 CLOSE 1 Format 1 44FDD using 1581COPY but with no transfer OPEN ili tor ee te CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 180 returned for any system error e Error 35 and appropriate message returned for other errors Notes e D81 Disk image has to be in the current directory else path must be specified e The transfer is controlled by shelling to the T1581 BAT file Modify this file as needed You require Womo s 1581COPY program version greater than 0 52 to run this function The emulator will not respond to other commands whilst the COPLIN 1999 2006 114 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com transfer takes place this is because 1581COPY is a stand alone program and not integrated into 64HDD e Support is only offered in MSDOS file system as a precaution against transferring a disk image which is currently active Command Tra
77. a throughput These options however might not work with your particular PC hardware configuration as they are dependent on the speed of the PC running 64HDD Higher clock rate 486 PC controllers gt 40MHz should use the faster setting slower clock rate PCs lt 33MHz should use the fastest setting An optimised system should be capable of attaining LOAD and SAVE performance at least comparable to a 1581 drive and generally similar to the CMD HDD with the best settings If you are using with a VIC20 the vic option will set timings to the 1540 standard A parallel cable connection is available for use with 64HDD This cable in combination with the PwrLoaders should speed communications up by 30 50 times over a standard CBM1541 See separate documentation is with this plug in package COPLIN 1999 2006 20 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Cartridge DOS Wedge Compatibility Since default configuration of 64HDD uses the serial bus only users are generally free to use their favourite cartridge in the expansion port The 64HDD emulator has been tested with a number of Cartridge and DOS Wedge utilities and an assessment of compatibility is outlined in the table below Incompatibility is normally a result of using non standard communications or unimplemented functions for example trying to read the native directory using M R not supported in freeware or trying to install and execute fast lo
78. ader routines The latter may be outside the scope of 64HDD as the fast loader usually tries to run its own drive code and CPU emulation is not yet supported by 64HDD Cartridge DOS Aid Works Freezer Remarks directory BackUp status DOS Wedge 5 1 C64 Yes Yes BASIC 7 0 C128 Yes Yes DIRECTORY DS is valid DLOAD works JiffyDOS 6 01 Wedge Yes Yes and on slow PC set ups use a real 1541 in the drive daisy chain Final Cart Ill Yes Yes Works from both command line and GUI To avoid the built in FC3 fast loader either use the KILL command or POKE816 165 POKE81 7 244 KCS Power Cart Yes Yes Yes Use QUIT 1 or 48 or 49 for LOADs BACKUP only to 8 Cockroach TurboROM Yes Yes To avoid the built in fast loader either use POKE816 165 POKE817 244 MACH5 Yes Yes Seems to work only for device 8 Use D to disable MACH DOS but keep extra commands active Freeze Machine No No Neither works command hangs Loader can also hang C64 PC Warp Speed 64 128 Yes Yes K to disable fast loader Epyx FASTLOAD Yes Yes and works use POKE186 drive to swap works also filename does not work Action Replay V6 0 Yes Yes YES use Use OFF to turn turbo load off Standard 8 or 9 SureData 30 in 1 Yes Yes Seems to work only for device 8 SnapShot v3 0 LMS Yes Yes TurboLOAD SAVE must be switched off from menu COPLIN 1999 2006 21 of 136 v0 7alpha8
79. ages 0 OK no error exists 1 Files scratched response Not an error condition 2 Partition selected Not an error condition 5 19 Unused error messages should be ignored 20 Block header not found on disk 21 Sync character not found 22 Data block not present 23 Checksum error in data 24 Byte decoding error 25 Write verify error 26 Attempt to write with write protect on 27 Checksum error in header 28 Data extends into next block 29 Disk id mismatch 30 General syntax error 31 Invalid command 32 Long line 33 Invalid filename 34 No file given 39 Command file not found 50 Record not present 51 Overflow in record COPLIN 1999 2006 122 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 52 File too large 60 File open for write 61 File not open 62 File not found 63 File exists 64 File type mismatch 65 No block 66 Illegal track or sector 67 Illegal system track or sector 70 No channels available 71 Directory error 72 Disk full or directory full 73 Power up message or write attempt with DOS Mismatch 74 Drive not ready 75 Format error 76 Controller error 77 Selected partition illegal 78 Selected path not available 79 SYSDIR error 80 89 Command not supported actual code depends on mode 92 Pwr Load driver missing 94 Fast Load driver missing 160 LFN mode not available 180 D81 TO 1 44FDD transfer error 181 1 44FDD TO D81 transfer error 200 CD AUDIO error
80. an UNZIP tool such as WinZip then check that the option to extract with sub folders is enabled You will need to add C 64HDD to your MSDOS path by modifying your autoexec bat file The GO64HDD batch file is the ideal way to run 64HDD It will accept addition parameters after the code and you can permanently modify the batch file to suit your configuration It is advisable to start of with the most standard configuration and tailor it only when you know it works If you run 64hdd exe h you get the following help screen that lists all valid command line options These command line options will allow you to tailor the runtime configuration Command line options will change depending upon the version of 64HDD you are using The general usage of the command is as shown below COPLIN 1999 2006 6 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com usage 64HDD EXE option option2 You must enable at least one device with X or X filename with X equal 8 9 or the emulator will not be that useful NOTE filename given must include an absolute path to its location The Scroll Lock LED if enabled will function as an activity indicator but will slow down transmissions particular from the command channel considerably and may even be incompatible with some PCs Professional users have a virtual indicator for each activated device number Enabling Pentium TSC
81. and ROM RAM maps will reflect the mode specified A D64 image can of course be seen with both a 1541 and 1571 as in real life A D81 image can only be accessed via a 1581 emulated interface Files within the MSDOS file structure are treated in a mode which is neither 1541 1571 1581 Here the file extension defines the type of file with the following conventions used PRG Default program file SEQ Sequential file USR User file only PRG SEQ format though Logging of a file with a disk tape or archive image extension will switch modes to the appropriate device interface Files in the MSDOS structure other than the above types are treated as binary and can also be loaded In the CBM directory listing they are identified as type MSD abbreviation for MSDOS though they may really be CBM binary and text files For these to load the complete name including file extension must be used The full name will be shown in the CBM directory listing 64HDD has up to 8 dependent devices devices 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 and 15 and not all need to be activated Optionally a boot floppy in drive A can be used to re configure the system as required or preferably 64HDD is set up to work in conjunction with batch file which respond to error_level commands sent by the emulator s EXIT command The numbering of these devices cannot however conflict with real devices on the CBM serial bus This conflict can easily occur if you have a SX64
82. as the first item e If you wish to always use the RAMDISK configuration make the above changes part of your CONFIG SYS and AUTOEXEC BAT files e Modify GO64HDD BAT such that it starts the copy of 64HDD EXE residing on the RAMDRIVE This is important as it will force the LFN tools to also be loaded from the RAMDRIVE e Modify the GO64HDD BAT file so that it copies back the CMDPRTN TBL file to a permanent location otherwise the updates will be lost when power is switched off e Modify the GO64HDD BAT file such that calls to 64HDD include the sysdir option to set the system directory as the RAMDRIVE location The path to the system directory is limited to 32characters e You may also modify the GO64HDD BAT file such that calls to 64HDD include the prtndir option to set the CMDPRTN TBL save directory to a location that is not the same as sysdir such as the HDD This change will ensure that all changes to the partition table are saved to non volitile memory but will slow down operation The path to the partition directory is limited to 32characters and the option must be set after the sysdir option Notes e A SmartDrive style disk cache system may give similar benefits in disk operating speed e The MSDOS command prompt is limited in size limited by Microsoft not 64HDD and so be mindful about the number of options used Remember you can enable drives to the default path with 9 10 etc e Toconserve RAMDISK space it shou
83. attached D64 disk image It s one of the ways of moving between your various without physically swapping disks www 64hdd com Please insert a disk with deskTop V1 5 or higher GHOD disk GEOS64HD CEOtais type Auto Exec class 64HDD utils V6 2 B HOD structure SEQUENTIAL va size 1K agag modified 27672 6 21 PM author Nicholas Coplin O Write Protect Sets GEOS Date Time from RIC equipped 64HDD system Boot Disk Only GEOS64HD 1 selected 66 Kbytes used 165 Kbytes free Giz GSHOD Q disk GEOS64HD CEOt41s type Application class 64HDD utils V8 1 structure SEQUENTIAL an size 1K Get 64HDD R modified 27672 6 21 PM author dev path image typ O Write Protect Senter path here ncoplin lycos com COPLIN 1999 2006 64 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Commodore serial printer devices normally are assigned device numbers 4 5 or 6 64HDD Professional had the ability to trap the information being sent to these device numbers and re direct this information to disk Each job started and trapped is assigned a JOB number These jobs can then be processed by custom Print Engines to either translate the data for a different printer or provide some type of emulation For 64HDD to trap devices 4 5 and 6 e Switch off any device with the same number as the one trapped by 64HDD e Activate device spooling from eith
84. ay transfer is needed COPLIN 1999 2006 112 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Support is only offered in MSDOS file system as a precaution against transferring a disk image that is currently active e T amp S errors contained on the real disk will be transferred to the error extended disk image These errors may be either copy protection or physical errors It is also possible some errors will cause the 1541 to lock up i lag as Applicability C All HJ MSDOS J D64 C D71 D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax Wii Sale Examples Transfer 1541 errors disk to 64HD T amp S ERR in the current directory OPEN 1 11 15 I1541 CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 183 returned for any error detected e Other errors as appropriate if 64HDD has problems e Error 0 Ok if transfer is successful Notes e This command is only designed to work with a 1541 or a 1571 locked in 1541 mode e The error file is created in the current directory Typically you will have already transferred the program files to this directory e The transfer is performed by 64HDD directly talking and listening to a 1541 device connected as 8 Note No other bus activity is allowed during the disk transfer as it will result in a bus contention due to multiple talkers and will result in a failure to complete the operation Progress is displayed on 64GUI and can also be inferred from t
85. be implemented Notes e Currently the error message is identical regardless of file system being used e Active devices and partitions remain unchanged e UI will set protocol timings to 1540 ie VIC20 or blanked screen required on C64 C 128 With this timing the data valid pulse width is shorter and does not take into account the C64 s bad line requirements e UI will return timings to 1541 protocol Command 1581 Partition Selection Applicability C All MSDOS D64 J D71 Hf D81 L D2M L T64 LNX Syntax Sy 7 IAO e Examples Select partition called SUB PART OPEN 1 11 15 SUB PART INPUT 1 EN EMS T S CLOSE 1 Select root partition OPEN 1 11 15 INPUT 1 EN EMS T S CLOSE 1 COPLIN 1999 2006 80 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e Error 77 returned if partition invalid else error 2 if partition is selected with track and sector detailing the start end track for the partition Notes e Refer to the 1581 User Manual for further detail e Attaching a new D81 disk image always logs the root directory Command 1581 Partition Creation Applicability L All L MSDOS L D64 _ D71 Esi D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax name CHR starting track CHR starting sector CHRS lt of sectors CHRS gt Of sectors 4 C name CHR starting track CHRS starting sector CHRS lt o
86. buffers Buffer 0 is at hex location 0300 03FF buffer 1 at 0400 04FF etc 64HDD supports 15 such buffers regardless of the device type being emulated The buffer number is normally requested by the filename for example OPEN 1 11 2 2 would request assign buffer 2 and commands such as U1 disk block read will then fill location 0500 05FF Request of a NULL buffer assigns buffer 0 not the next free buffer so care must be taken when programming specifically for 64HDD Typically any COPLIN 1999 2006 82 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com serious drive programming requests buffers by number or only uses one NULL buffer thus 64HDD can generally cope without buffer conflicts Buffers reserved for BAM blocks are the same as the associated drive type eg D64 gt 1541 map The details about specific Direct Access Commands will not be described below instead the keen user is directed to the user manuals which come with the Commodore disk drives or to reference books such as Inside Commodore Dos Command Block Read Applicability C Aa C MSDOS E D64 Mf D71 I 081 E 2m L T64 C LNX Syntax U1 B R BLOCK READ Notes e The B R and BLOCK READ versions work exactly as the U1 version does The original bugs have been corrected e The drive number parameter is always ignored and 64HDD refers only to the drive that received the command Command Block Write A
87. by in JiffyDOS use syntax above instead e device will be activated to the default path c 64hdd Command Set reset strict directory mode in MSDOS Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax STR n STRO n STRICT N STRICTO n Where n 0 1 or 2 Examples Set strict display mode OPEN dd 15 4 STREL INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is always 0 with status confirmed in test as either mode clear or set Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e the higher the value of n the higher the strictness level e when strict set to 1 the file header is reported strictly and the blocks free is limited to 32000 for compatibility with programs that expect a value in the signed 16bit range e when strict set to 2 no MSDOS directory names or disk tape images are listed when a directory is requested e All directories and images can be attached regardless of whether the directory listing shows them or not COPLIN 1999 2006 96 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com ee Applicability W All MSDOS J D64 C D71 L D81 L D2M _ T64 LNX Syntax CMD n CMDO n Where n 0 1 or 2 Examples Set CMD mode for 64HDD OPEN 1 11 15 CMD 1 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is always 0 with status confirmed in test as either mode clear
88. cable adaptor is used A PS2 type bi directional port might work On board LPT ports on Pentium and newer machines may not operate as SPP correctly even if set to do so For these systems you will need to install and old 8 or 16 bit I O card or alternatively use a XE1541 cable adaptor e X1541 or XE1541 cable refer to LPT port requirements Alternatively an X1541 or XE1514 adaptor can be used in conjunction with a standard CBM serial cable my preference for shielding reasons 1x mass storage device capable of booting FDD or HDD 5 12kB RAM generally the minimum for this spec of machine rather than a 64HDD requirement e MSDOS 6 xx or compatible MSDOS 7 x Win9x appears to be compatible if you have a faster PC type but differences in the MS kernel may necessitate tweaking of the p speed parameter COPLIN 1999 2006 25 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Optional Requirements e 1 44MB 3 5 Floppy Disk Drive for file transfer to the machine and for 1581 support e PC Speaker for start up beep and clicking to signal activity after each block is transferred e keyboard for maintenance not scroll lock light will flicker to represent 64HDD disk activity e display card monitor for maintenance personally during program development use a CGA card as its output drives a 1901 or 1084 Commodore monitor so at a flick of a switch you can s
89. com ncoplin lycos com The serial FastLoader will only work with LOAD operations and will not accelerate byte by byte disk accessing of data files COPLIN 1999 2006 37 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com C128 Professional users also have access to a powerful serial fast loading system Z Loader can be considered as the C128 equivalent of the 64 s X Loader There are several variants of the Z Loader each offering progressively faster transfer times though not all support RAM1 Bank loading During installation try the slowest first then progressively experiment with the faster ones until you identify that loads become unreliable The 64CONFIG program will allow you to set up these Option 64CONFIG RAM Banking Remark Default Yes Installs the slowest Z Loader ZOLadr Yes Slowest of the Z Loaders a Yes Z5Ldr No Fastest of the Z Loaders Z6Ldr No Faster still but screen blanked Z Ldr No May not work with many PCs as they only get 2us to do their stuff Programs which LOAD RUN can use any of the above fast loaders Rather than using an auto run scheme the Z Loader can be operated by one of two ways Firstly using the BOOT command see note below BOOT Z filename Ud Dn The default value used for d the device number is 8 but other devices can be specified for example U9 for device 9 The default partition
90. csssssescesseeeeeenseeeeeeeeeeees 44 Flipping disks with Disk Flip cactenedees vires ch ticeutceetia cheetieeet einextaticeeeteieay Mein meteaiee 44 E cidade E E Bete padedeeonceleos dean oe dead EE 45 Copy Protection Support u ssnnnsnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn nnmnnn nn 46 IMtrOdUCO Minen a e aa a a O E 46 Native C128 Mode Support sssssssssssnnnunnnunnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn 51 Boot Sector Support for Disk Images ceeeeeeeeeeee cette eeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaees 51 Boot Sector Support for MSD LEN File Systems 51 ISS asada dircistica inst irc terete ies eerste eidna tineuddaeyoacidimestnca tind ccewadineelOntatintact 51 GEOS 2 0 SUD DOR scsscaciesoseccecsacestaccnncnnatpacanecncennnencgacnanennnccsanananncustacte 52 gids e tes te g Remeeeemere mere et tee eer a meni erent erica ar eee rere ne 52 Choice of Different GEOS KERNALS cccceceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 52 What will your 64HDD GEOS configuration look like cccceeeeeeeeteeeeeeeees 53 What will not work with 64HDD GEOS 2 0 0 2 eeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeesseeees 54 First time Installation ProC Cure ccccceeeeeeseeeecceeeeeeeeeeeseeeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeenaaeees 54 Re Compiled 64HDD GEOS Kernals 2 ceeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneneeeeeeeees 55 Booting GEOS from 64HDD Re Compiled Kernals 2 eceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees
91. ctory entry can only be cleared by using ScanDisk for Windows95 or by removing the entire directory For this reason it may be recommended practice that LFNs be created in subdirectories and not the root directory of your Hard Disk COPLIN 1999 2006 134 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e The LFN tools only work on drives which use the FAT system or ISO9660 CD file system LFN tools v1 55 This generally includes Floppy and Hard Disks and some CD ROMs Only CD ROMs written using the ISO9660 standard will work note directory names need to follow the 8 3 format as per the following note e 64HDD only implements LFNs for filenames Directories are limited to 8character names and LFN named directories are only accessible by their shortname e Disk tape LNX image names are also assume to be in 8 3 format If not the name may be truncated and the extension incorrectly displayed The image may still be attached to but only if you know the complete name e Automatic recognition of files by their extension type is only possible if the three character extension is capitalised in the LFN format when viewed with LDIR ie test file PRG is recognised as a PRG test file prg is identified as a MSD file 64HDD creates capitalised PRG SEQ and USR extensions Files with non capitalised extensions must have their whole name specified or a wildcard used Capitalisation refers to how the name
92. d 64HDD skips to the next After partition short cut 010 64HDD jumps loops back to 001 Notes e Each press of the disk swap button when 64HDD is idling that is twirling bar is rotating will increment the disk number between 1 and 10 If a valid partition is assigned to this number the partition is assigned to device 8 The partition can be a disk tape LNX image or native MSDOS partition e Blank definitions are skipped Therefore if a 2 disk game is used only partitions 1 and 2 should be defined If 3 double sided disks make up the game only partitions 1 2 3 4 5 6 should be defined Hence a maximum game size is 5 double sided 1541 disks or ten 1581 disks e When a valid partition that is disk is changed to the corresponding number of beeps is given for example 1 for disk1 2 for disk2 etc The current disk number should also be shown on the PC display top line COPLIN 1999 2006 44 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e The button should have no effect during loads but may upset SEQ transmissions because 64HDD may idle between blocks 64HDD does put the C64 into hold off mode though during the swap and so may not be a problem except for transmission is now from another source e The 64HDD distribution includes a sample program to demonstrate clearing and assigning partition definitions this has long been a feature of 64HDD This could be modified to
93. d com ncoplin lycos com 52 FILE TOO LARGE Record position within a relative file indicates that disk overflow will result 60 WRITE FILE OPEN This message is generated when a write file that has not been closed is being opened for reading 61 FILE NOT OPEN This message is generated when a file is being accessed that has not been opened in the DOS Sometimes in this case a message is not generated the request is simply ignored 62 FILE NOT FOUND The requested file does not exist on the indicated drive device 63 FILE EXISTS The file name of the file being created already exists on the drive device disk image 64 FILE TYPE MISMATCH The file type does not match the file type in the directory entry for the requested file 65 NO BLOCK This message occurs in conjunction with the B A command It indicates that the block to be allocated has been previously allocated The parameters indicate the track and sector available with the next highest number If the parameters are zero 0 then all blocks higher in number are in use 66 ILLEGAL TRACK AND SECTOR 64HDD has attempted to access a track or block which does not exist in the format being used This may indicate a problem reading the pointer to the next block 67 ILLEGAL SYSTEM T OR S This special error message indicates an illegal system track or block 70 NO CHANNEL available The requested channel is not available or all channels are
94. dd com ncoplin lycos com Introduction 64HDD is a program for a PC based system which emulates the serial bus protocol of Commodore equipment and additionally provides emulated devices on this bus Primarily the vision for 64HDD is to allow a PC based controller to be built up and to serve the Commodore computers as a mass storage device However many users will simply configure 64HDD to run off their main home PC when they are not using it for regular applications Though there have been several hard disk drives developed over time for the Commodore 8 bit machines most have been expensive rare and expensive l intentionally said that twice The mass storage products by CMD Creative Micro Designs are today the most readily available and indeed CMD was one of the few companies who until recent years still support us Commodore users and collectors Since CMD s demise Maurice Randall has taken over these products The older 1541 1571 1581 devices were based around micro systems using the 65xx hardware These days 386 486 hardware is getting cheap enough to dedicate these systems as micro controllers to 64HDD mass storage device Also many 386 486 boards exist with all I O on board simplifying construction and there is a wealth of applications which have proven the use of X1541 and XE1541 cables as a way of controlling reading and writing to a CBM drive The 64HDD emulator does the reverse and acts as a server intelligent drive c
95. e sure the HDD has been pre formatted and an operating system installed otherwise install also a floppy drive Install any other drives at this point e Connect power cables to the main board and drives connect keyboard and monitor e Start machine enter BIOS set up usually hold DEL key configure options to make your system run do not ask me what these are If you will ultimately be using the PC without keyboard or display either set these options as not installed or disable halt on errors e Re boot machine if starting with an unformatted mass media device format this and install the MSDOS system as well as any device drivers and the HIMEM SYS XMS driver e Check that the machine works reliably as a PC before going further COPLIN 1999 2006 26 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com This tool is both the setup and maintenance program for 64HDD Power users can make changes using the command line functions options also Elsewhere in the manual or readme txt file details about the options is given During installation a dialog box provides details to the user about what is being done 64GONFIG will not make changes to AUTOEXEC BAT or CONFIG SYS but rather will create files with a 64H extension which will list recommendations only c Command Prompt 64config 6SHDD contae a aT Ce COPLIN 2006 x sauna Prof 3 L
96. e support If you do not use any of the disk drivers they can be deleted to recover further disk space By re ordering the location of the files on the desktop the first driver file will become the default type Disk Driver Names Reads Writes Remarks 1 DRV1541FF or DRV1581FF Fast Fast Faster PCs X Cable 2 DRV1541PF or DRV1581PF PwrLoad Fast Faster PCs PwrCable 3 DRV1541SS or DRV1581SS IEC IEC All systems 4 DRV1541FS or DRV1581FS Fast IEC Slower PCs X Cable 5 DRV1541PS or DRV1581PS PwrLoad IEC Slower PCs PwrCable 6 DRV1541PP or DRV1581PP PwrLoad PwrLd Bi dir LPT PwrCable COPLIN 1999 2006 59 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com With GEOS XP CONFIGURE will appear as a file in the border of your boot disk The CONFIGURE file should be left there to prevent it from executing automatically on boot up You will only need to use CONFIGURE instead of or in addition to PreConfig if you wish to use a REU device To activate your REU 1 start CONFIGURE after booting has finished 2 enable the option DMA for MOVEDATA 3 enable RAM1541 or RAM1571 drive type Following this sequence is necessary for correct operation of the REU driver Using 64HDD GEOS Supplied Utilities There are a number of utilities supplied with the 64HDD GEOS system and more will be added in
97. e was valid e Y2K compliance is a function of the RTC chip used in the PC and not the 64HDD program Command Get 64HDD Day Applicability W All MSDOS J D64 D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax DAY DAYO Examples Get day of week from 64HDD and print string OPEN 1 411 15 DAY INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES PRINT TODAY IS EMS CLOSE 1 Errors e Current day of week returned as the error text EN ET ES always 0 Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e full name of day returned eg MONDAY e Y2K compliance is a function of the RTC chip used in the PC and not the 64HDD program e Availability of day of week is a function of the RTC type and MSDOS version being used as the emulator O S Command Get 64HDD Device Space Information Applicability W C MSDOS D64 D71 J D81 L D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax F drive_letter FO drive_letter FREE drive_letter COPLIN 1999 2006 91 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com FREEO drive_letter Examples Get blocks free on drive D OPEN 1 11 15 FiD INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES PRINT EMS BL VAL EM CLOSE 1 Errors e Current device space in CBM blocks is returned EN ET ES always 0 e Syntax error 30 returned if format is too short or drive_letter lt A e If drive not responding then error text indicates this as ERRO
98. east an 8x improvement but because of the optimisation of the clocking between the computers data rates are actually 30 50times faster when loading COPLIN 1999 2006 33 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com In order to use the PwrLoad cable software plug ins have to be installed to your basic 64HDD system Some of these plug ins are available for download from the 64HDD website whilst others are included with 64HDD Professional The GEOS drivers supplied the 64HDD Professional and the DriveGhost program can take advantage of the PwrLoad cable for both read and write operations PWRLOAD ROM Upgrade One way to guarantee that the PwrLoad cable is used as often as it can be is to upgrade the KERNAL ROM chip within your C64 or C128 The image for a very basic version of the PwrLoad ROM is included in the plug in download from the 64HDD website The online 64HDD Shop sells a range of enhanced upgrade ROMs The upgrade ROMs are compatible with all versions of 64HDD 64HDD Speed Up Cartridges For those who do not want to tinker inside their beloved Commodore there is a range of 644HDD Speed up cartridges available to accelerate both serial and parallel systems The Turbo XE range allows for an 8x increase in loading speeds The Pwr Cart and Pwr Link range provides a 30 50x increase Complete information is available on the 64HDD website including the cartridge user manual and FAQ The upgrade
99. ectory LOAD Sdiskimage D71 8 attaches a diskimage in the current PC directory LOAD Sdiskimage D81 8 attaches a diskimage in the current PC directory LOAD Stapeimage T64 8 attaches a tapeimage LOAD Slynxarchive LNX 8 attaches a LYNX archive Wildcards can be used to load the first file in a disk tape image or MSDOS file system Also filetype specifiers are allowed when reading directories see documentation for complete listing Unit numbers are also supported and have the special function in that they can be predefined as shortcuts to either directories or images COPLIN 1999 2006 8 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Table of Contents 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulatol e eeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 13 ON iene testcase eeepc eee eee ee een 13 PWC sorores aeaea aE aaa Eaa aa Aaaa Aaaa Aaaa EEEa aA 13 Connectivity ooo sii tieaissoasosncdntetinandnneiaasdone tient aetascdeanivaninietencisaetonsteistontiensyastoetmanie 13 Disk Functions coerce dic stasee eiseadircecinrercassinrestnes irceincetcica tae dines iaeecnraicnde dineareaceerinemtaticee 14 Cross Platform Functions ccccceeesessseecceeeeeeeeeeeseseeeseeeeeeseeessssneeeeaeeeeees 15 External FUNCIONS seeen ane ererer rer mere aAa ea a A S 15 EAT 15 PANTENE 15 Miro d CtO M si aaa aa iaa E a Aaa eaa E shania tau E 16 EL OU sussen e a 17 Compatibilty sessie assanis
100. ed for future 64HDD functions Command Change partition to path defined by unit number Applicability W All MSDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M T64 L LNX Syntax CPx AAJ cPn Examples Change to partition defined as unit 10 OPEN 1 11 15 CP10 CLOSE 1 Change to partition defined as unit 10 open 1 11 15 cP chr 10 close 1 Errors e error 77 set if partition not found e error 0 or error 2 set if partition was found and change successful Notes e xis ASCII partition number and allows 0 999 values to be used e nis binary partition number and allows only 0 255 values to be used COPLIN 1999 2006 102 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Add current path image to partition table Applicability W All MSDOS J D64 C D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax SAPx aPn Examples Set current path image to partition table unit 20 OPEN 1 11 15 AP20 CLOSE 1 Set current path image to partition table unit 20 open 1 11 15 aP chr 20 close 1 Errors e error 77 set if partition not found e error 0 or error 2 set if partition was found and change successful Notes Command Delete current partition table definition Applicability W All MSDOS D64 C D71 J D81 L D2M _ T64 LNX Syntax DPx dPn Examples Delete definition of unit 7 OPEN 1 11 15 DP7 CLOSE 1 De
101. ee either the PC or CBM screen of course you have to change cables to view the C128 80column screen e 2MB of memory configured as Extended Memory and HIMEM SYS driver for XMS support allowing better emulation of drive memory maps At a minimum 64k for each drive supported is needed so at least 512k of XMS is needed for 8 devices with surplus XMS used for caching and other performance enhancements XMS is dynamically allocated by 64HDD e CDROM drive and DOS driver for mega mass storage e PC Mouse and DOS driver for MOUSE command channel support e Areal CBM disk drive such as a 1541 1571 or 1581 may be required as part of the daisy chain if you find that your PC s timing is sensitive Building the PC Information on constructing a PC from boards etc is readily available so rather than dwell on the detail only the highlights will be given Construction of a PC in a CBM case is trickier and an example is shown on 64HDD website e Mount main board often a mother board to the case e Add cards for video etc and RAM SIMMs e Change any jumpers on the main board necessary to disable functions duplicated by the add on cards For example if you add a CGA card and the main board has on board video you will need to disable it You may also need to set a jumper for selecting video mode normally determine whether bios uses colour or not e Install your mass storage device If you will not be installing a floppy drive mak
102. em 8 0 filename validity is enforced The new directory is created branching from the current path Wildcards are not permitted Command Change MSDOS directory Applicability C All J MSDOS J D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax CD dirname CDO dirname Examples Change to this directory OPEN 1 11 15 CD NEW DIR CLOSE 1 Change to the root OPEN yi 15y CDe CLOSE 1 Change to the root of drive D OPEN 1 11 15 CD D CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 77 returned if failure to create e Error 2 returned if successful Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 filename validity checking is omitted so as to be compatible with directory structures created before 64HDD Therefore it is up to the user to correctly enter valid directory names Wildcards are not permitted e Tolog anew drive use absolute naming for the directory eg d COPLIN 1999 2006 87 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Remove MSDOS directory Applicability C All J MSDOS J D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax RD dirname RDO dirname Examples Remove this directory OPEN 1 11 15 RD TEMP CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 77 returned if failure to delete Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 filename validity checking is omitted so as to be compatible with directory structures created before 64HDD There
103. er 64GUI or by adding the appropriate device switch on the command line eg 4 for activating device 4 The 64HDD screen will indicate that the SPOOLER is active Refer also to the command reference sections of this manual for detail on command channel control of printing features Communication to serial printers essentially follows the same protocol as disk drives do The devices listen as data is sent to them whilst in the background the actually print the information to paper Communication to a printer begins with the OPEN command If the OPEN command includes a secondary address eg OPEN4 4 7 then 64HDD knows this to be the start of a new job and so closes off the current job assigns it a new number and starts the next spool file However there are several instances that may cause some variation to this e Print jobs which do not specify a secondary address eg OPEN4 4 When this happens 64HDD will continue to spool the information to the current job To overcome this and initiate a new job 64HDD includes a special command that can be sent over the command channel e Some programs that continually open and close the printer device even though they are only printing a single job The most notable software of this type is that written for C1520 plotter that is designed to use the secondary channels to define special actions Fortunately the C1520 is reserved as device 6 but if you come across other such software then
104. error messages to the real CBM device plus the appropriate error 8x and 99 codes COPLIN 1999 2006 75 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Standard Commodore Drive Commands Below are listed the standard commands supported by 64HDD These work identically to your regular 1541 or other Commodore drive however 64HDD provides for these to work on both disk images and the native MSD LFN file system Command Scratch file s from current device directory Applicability C All Hl spos ff De4 I 071 D381 LI D2mM L T64 C LNx Syntax S filename M S0O filename M SCRATCH filename M SCRATCHO filename M Where iM specified that filenames should be treated as explicitly give as is the case when working with MSDOS files This option is only valid in the MSDOS file system Examples Scratch this file only OPEN 1 11 15 S TESTFILE CLOSE 1 Scratch this MSDOS file only OPEN 1 11 15 S TESTFILE JPG M CLOSE 1 Scratch files matching this spec OPEN 1 11 15 S TE TFIL PRG CLOSE 1 Scratch files matching this spec all extensions types OPEN 1 11 15 S TE TFIL CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 62 returned for file not able to be found or can not be scratched e File delete count may not be valid if using LFN mode this is a limitation of the external LDEL program Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system 8
105. ese limits should not be exceeded Connect to default paths if you want to start many devices simultaneously e Connect the PC to the CBM computer using the cable You can daisy chain other CBM peripherals as normal Obviously you ll need either a double X1541 adaptor or an external disk drive which has double ports if you want several external devices attached e Generally speaking a PC LPT port will pull lines low when not running This has the effect of pulling the ATN line low which holds all real CBM products at attention ie waiting for a command It also conflicts with some CBM computers eg the C128 which have an auto booting mode hence the machine will not get to the cursor until the PC has released the ATN line Note This has not been found to be dangerous to the CBM hardware but the practice of booting the PC before switching on CBM equipment may be recommended if you are worried e Modify the PATH statement to include the 64HDD EXE file location Note This can be done with the following command to append the existing path to the 64HDD directory with PATH c 64hdd PATH e Start the GO64HDD batch file controlling 64HDD As 64HDD boots check to see that the devices and paths are as you require and that the X1541 LPT port is found e When 64HDD is up and running signalled by a long beep if your PC has a speaker switch on the CBM machine Note If your X1541 cable connects the RESET line from
106. et RTC in CMD BCD format c cee eeceeeeeeeeeeees 109 Command Load Directory with TimeStamp 1581 COPY Commands ccccccccecceeccecceceecceceeeececcecaueceecesaeeceeeaeeceecteeaeeeeeens 114 Command Transfer D81 image to 1 44FDD using 1581COPY 114 Command Transfer 1581 disk in 1 44FDD to D81 with 1581COPY 115 Error Codes and MeSSaQe ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeenaeaaeeeeeeeeeeenenneeees 122 Summary of 64HDD Error Message cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeaeees 122 Description of DOS Error M SSaQ ES cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneeeeeeeeeeeeeees 123 Specifications Guide iaiiesiccitacctsnecdecsannenes cnnsedanetendeceenndedanvaneeesntlnennianenl 129 Dependent Devices cccccccceeeeeeeeeeecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaaaaaeeeeeeeeeeeseenaaaees 129 Ind pendent DEVICES oc coicecccinesteeszecutveueenninestnencuevineskonuteeetcuuteevmnes EEEE TEA 130 64HDD File Systems Modes 0 ceeceeeeeeccceeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeeeeeeeeeeeeees 131 CBM Disk Images D64 D71 D81 2c ccccsssssssectcieoetenedennssecdencaenedennaneedeccdeonee 131 CMD Disk Images D2M etc siccisccs hiteets anet riences eiie Mitt eii aap e ieee iaiae 131 CBM Tape Images T64 ccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeaaeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeesnaaeees 131 Archive LNX ieee cx a a a i catpiamontaleats 131 EAEE E EE E E E E 131 MSDOS F
107. f sectors CHRS gt of sectors C 0 name CHRS starting track CHRS starting sector CHRS lt of sectors CHRS gt of sectors C Examples Create partition called SUB PART starting Track 60 120blocks long OPEN 1 11 15 PRINT 15 0 SUB PART CHR 60 CHR 0 CHRS 120 CHRS 0 C INPUT 1 EN EMS T S CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 0 returned if partition successfully created e Error 62 if name exists e Error 65 if block allocation fails already allocated e Error 72 if trouble creating directory entry Notes e Refer to the 1581 User Manual for further detail particularly about sizing limitations etc e Note the created sub partition needs formatting before it can be used as a directory 64HDD may not support N command at this present time COPLIN 1999 2006 81 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Direct Access Commands Drive Simulation Model Those who have extensively programmed the 1541 drive will realise that it is possible to interrogate the drive for information or to manipulate the buffers and memory locations to support functions not normally available by user commands Many commercial programs make use of Block Read and buffer Memory Reads to identify which drive is attached to the system and to access directory information Even though 64HDD does not as yet support CPU emulation each dri
108. fer to the CMD user manuals COPLIN 1999 2006 108 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Read set RTC in CMD decimal format Applicability W All MSDos J D64 J D71 L D81 J D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax T RD T WD 9bytes Examples See Notes decimal format means byte is 0 99 byte 0 day of week O sun 1 mon byte 1 year byte 2 month byte 3 day byte 4 hour 0 12 byte 5 minute byte 6 second byte 7 AM PM flap O AM lt gt 0 PM byte 8 chr 13 Errors e Always returns error 0 regardless Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals Command Read set RTC in CMD BCD format Applicability W All MSDOS D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 LNX Syntax T RB T WB 9bytes Examples See Notes BCD format means high low nibble is 0 9 byte 0 day of week O sun 1 mon byte 1 year byte 2 month byte 3 day byte 4 hour 0 12 byte 5 minute byte 6 second byte 7 AM PM flap O AM lt gt 0 PM byte 8 chr 13 Errors e Always returns error 0 regardless Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or refer to the CMD user manuals COPLIN 1999 2006 109 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Load Directory with TimeStamp Applicability W All MSbDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax
109. fore it is up to the user to correctly enter valid directory names Wildcards are not permitted es Applicability C All Hl spos ff D64 If 071 D381 LI D2M L T64 J LNX Syntax F L filename M F LO filename M F U filename M F U0 filename M Where Filename can be a wildcard using or M is used to specify an exact MSD filename including extension Examples Lock set write protection for a file called TESTFILE OPEN 1 11 15 F L TESTFILE CLOSE 1 Lock the MSDOS file called TESTFILE JPG OPEN 1 11 15 F L TESTFILE CLOSE 1 Or OPEN 1 11 15 F L TESTFILE JPG M CLOSE 1 Unlock files matching this spec OPEN 1 11 15 F U TE TFIL CLOSE 1 COPLIN 1999 2006 88 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e Error 3 returned for file s successfully locked e Error 4 returned for file s successfully unlocked e Error Track shows the number of files locked or unlocked only for disk images e Error codes are those used by CBM DOS 10 0 written for the C64DX otherwise known as the C65 Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system 8 3 filename validity is omitted and a wildcard is appended to allow the request to apply regardless of file extension To specify a particular file extension use the M option e Inthe MSDOS file system ATTRIB is used to change the state of the read only attribute
110. format to be used in MSDOS each having advantages and disadvantages 64HDD has chosen to use Odi s LFN Utilities The LFN utilities included in the Zip distributed with 64HDD are the only LFN utilities that have been verified for correct operation with 64HDD MSDOS LFN support has many benefits and so it is likely to be important to the 64HDD user but before it will work correctly the LFN utilities need to be installed correctly If the utilities are not correctly installed then there is the risk that 64HDD or the tools will corrupt the directory structure Before you proceed it is recommended to read the LFN TXT file distributed in the LFNFILES Zip There are three important steps to follow 1 Install the LFN utilities into the correct directory 2 Unzip and or LCOPY and or LFN FIX the LFNS 16CHARSLFN SSS file to the correct directory 3 Check that the CONFIG SYS file has sufficient BUFFERS and FILES available 4 Modify the PATH statement to include 64HDD directory containing EXE files 64HDD performs several tests before it will allow LFN mode to be selected These tests should catch 95 of possible installation errors and should errors be found a double beep and prompt will be displayed LFN mode is selected only when the 1 n command line switch is used when starting 64HDD and should be added to the relevant line in the GO64HDD BAT file Setting up the LFN Utilities Step 1 The LFN utilities are distributed in a Zip fi
111. he status of the 1541 s activity light e The transfer scheme employs generic U1 and U2 disk block read commands making it very compatible but unfortunately very slow The transfer is however faster than a Commodore doing the work as only a one way transfer is needed e Support is only offered in MSDOS file system as a precaution against transferring to a disk image COPLIN 1999 2006 113 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 1581COPY Commands The 1581COPY program by Wolfgang Mosser Womo is supported by 64HDD and allows the emulator to treat the 1 44FDD as a 1581 drive indirectly It should be noted that you must use DD disks as these are most compatible with the real 1581 disk drive 64HDD will work with disk images transferred using this utility it cannot directly read a 1581 formatted disk Before attempting to use 1581COPY from 64HDD make sure that your system is indeed compatible and capable of producing 1581 readable disks have in the past had problems with both incompatible FDD controllers and poor quality floppy disks As 1581COPY is used as an external resource error information and control is limited Control of 1581COPY is via two batch files T1581 BAT and F1581 BAT and these files together with 1581COPY EXE need to be on the path searched by MSDOS The extended error information available is controlled within the two BAT files If the 64HDD system directory is in
112. hine If you are using a RAMDISK note that the c drive copy will need to be keyed so that changes are saved when you switch off your PC Note Changes made to the configuration will only take effect when the changes are installed To speed up the process uncheck any options that have been previously successfully installed Configuring 64HDD e 64HDD is distributed in either a ZIP or EXE compressed file Expand the file typically using the a option and follow included installation instructions in the README TXT file The documentation below is comparatively too general e Know beforehand the LPT number to which the X1541 or XE1541 cable is connected You might need to manually set the LPT number should auto COPLIN 1999 2006 27 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com detection not work You will need to specify xe if you are using the XE1541 cable refer to README TXT e Decide which paths you want and how you wish to configure your device numbers Real CBM peripherals and the 64HDD emulator cannot have the same device number they will clash and lock the system up You can set the device path for each number used on the command line calling 64HDD or in the batch file You may need to modify install one of the example batch files to do what you want See README TXT for more information Remember that the MSDOS command line is limited in length and that th
113. ice number is transferred to 8 e Device swapping should only be done whilst the IEC serial bus is idle This must be the case as during a swap 64HDD uses the bus to communicate with the other devices The swapping is performed by 64HDD directly talking and listening to a 1541 device connected as 8 Note No other bus activity is allowed during the swap operations as it will result in a bus contention due to multiple talkers and will result in a failure to complete the operation S 9 is similar to S 9 except the swap is between devices 9 and 29 S D restores the original device number drives 8 and 9 cancels 64HDD s activation of these devices and restores the assignments to devices the original device numbers Various beeps and squeaks will sound to signify that the swapping action has occurred Refer to the 64HDD display for more information e Resetting 64HDD will clear all 64HDD assignments but may not clear the renumbering of real 8 and 9 devices depends upon the wiring of your reset switches If your real drive ends up stuck on a wrong number simply issue a Ul command to it or reset the Commodore machine COPLIN 1999 2006 118 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Applicability W All MSDOsS J D64 C D71 J D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax PNEXT dev Examples Increment to next job number on device 4 OPEN 1 11 15 PNEXT 4 C
114. ile System cccccsssetesececenccaiennisnesentdensienntensacctbecanenteeneeendecconenstenttennvane 132 MSDOS LongFileName Sup OOtt vies iscciictsentdescanetheeinenthsctdexuievinestdeacaeedeeinendhane 132 Setting up the LFN Utilities 2 2 22 cece cece eeeeeeeeeeee eee eeeeeeeeaaaeeeeeeeeeeeeees 133 Notes Tips and Suggestions iecssescstssescssmcatssedencancsdenenedsubsendsderieniidaduadends 134 PC to CBM Cable Specification icecssctectsciceadeeaictmuaetialeuiceaddvay eva cuedtbessUhvebaddenieennne 136 X1541 Cable Specification ya scsincnssnstrnsnanteeseeateuansdantecues cdannsigegusaneestrawsbansaduneds 136 XE1541 Cable Specification coseusivacsecstoosthietwasieoetenedbiebynetebeiessthneiperiobeienaaaeinins 136 COPLIN 1999 2006 12 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator This manual is being developed in conjunction with the program The general sections of the manual will discuss items as if the functions and capabilities have been verified and proven however the general section may get ahead of the current technical capability of the software For what the program actually does in its present form please refer to the Configuration Command Reference and Specification sections The same manual describes both the standard and Professional capabilities of 64HDD Commands and functions available only to the Professional versions are identified by yellow
115. in use A maximum of five sequential files may be opened at one time to the 1541 DOS Direct access channels may have six opened files 71 DIRECTORY ERROR The BAM does not match the internal count There is a problem in the BAM allocation or the BAM has been overwritten in DOS memory To correct this problem reinitialize the diskette to restore the BAM in memory Some active files may be terminated by the corrective action NOTE BAM Block Availability Map 72 DISK FULL Either the blocks on the diskette are used or the directory is at its entry limit 73 DOS MISMATCH This message is available when 64HDD is first started or when it is reset by commands UI or UJ This message will reveal the current version of the 64HDD core being run and can be used to detect a 64HDD device for example CBM DOS V0 78 EMUL On the original CBM drives it also identifies an incompatibility between DOS versions CBM DOS 1 and 2 are read compatible but not write compatible Disks may be interchangeably read with either DOS but a COPLIN 1999 2006 126 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com disk formatted on one version cannot be written upon with the other version because the format is different This error is displayed whenever an attempt is made to write upon a disk which has been formatted in a non compatible format 74 DRIVE NOT READY An attempt has been made to access a drive disk disk
116. ing in the normal way COPLIN 1999 2006 3 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD Compared to the original 1541 Feature Function Original 1541 64 DD Type Hardware C support C64 Yes C128 Yes C16 P4 Yes VIC20 Yes Serial Cable for compatibility 1e Disk Image Support No File support Read Yes Write Yes PRG SEQ Yes REL Yes Direct Access Yes Directory Standard Yes Advanced Yes Command Channel Vos Compatibility Fastloaders Yes GEOS Yes Cartridge Yes JiffyDOS Yes Max Capacity 166kb CDROM Drive Support No User Subdirs No User Partitions nil Disk driver required COPLIN 1999 2006 4 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD Compared to the Cartridge Alternatives Feature Function IDE64 MMC64 Type Cartridge Cartridge C support C64 Yes Menu Only C128 No No C16 4 No No VIC20 No No Serial Cable for compatibility No me k Disk Image Support Transfer D64 to Extracted D64 real 1541 File support Read Yes Menu Only Write Yes No PRG SEQ Yes Menu Only REL Yes v0 9 No Direct Access No No Directory Standard Yes No Advanced 22 No Command Channel Vie No Compatibility Fastloaders No No GEOS Yes No Cartridge No No JiffyDOS Tolerant Tolerant Max Capacity 2GB ales MMC SD Limit CDROM Drive Support Vis No
117. ir copy protection COPLIN 1999 2006 46 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com TRACK 1 Commodore used a disk recording method called GCR The method means that the sectors are recorded on the disk in a special way different to that used by the IBM format that has become widespread Commodore was not alone in its choice of disk recording method notably Apple also used this method The pictorial below shows a simplified pictorial of all the information stored in one sector The diskette structure In most cases only the information in the data section is important and this can be considered as the block One block is 256bytes However the information store on the disk before and after the block can be manipulated to provide copy protection The copy protection information can result in errors when the disk sector or track read These errors are detected by the program and the absence of which is taken to mean the disk has been tampered with The disk image formats used by Commodore emulators try to capture the information on these disks by creating a linear file containing the data blocks errors and or GRC code The D64 or similar format image is simply a sequence of data blocks as shown in the pictorial below If T amp S error information is also captured at the time the disk is transferred the format becomes known as an error extended disk image COPLIN 199
118. isks GEOxxxxx 64HDD X X Non RAM REU GEOxxxxx REU Two 64HDD X2 Non RAM Drives GEOxxxxx REU The xxxxx will depend on the disk format and protocol slow fast pwr being used as noted above There may not be any 1581 REU versions of the kernal as these are only supplied with the professional version which also has the PreConfig application Using CONFIGURE Re Compiled Kernals Most of the time you will be able to work from one 64HDD drive This will be come clear later when the utilities supplied with 64HDD GEOS are explained in detail Should you need to use other devices such as a real disk drive a REU or another 64HDD drive you will need to run CONFIGURE Currently some precautions apply to the use of the CONFIGURE program Normally CONFIGURE auto runs on boot up and detects the drives that are attached to the system The problem is CONFIGURE has a default way of checking drives which will cause GEOS to hang when it talks to a 644HDD drive Until a patched version of CONFIGURE is developed the following work around has to be used e Place CONFIGURE after the auto exec programs The D64 supplied with 64HDD includes a clock driver Get 64HDD RTC place CONFIGURE after this file e Manually start CONFIGURE after the desktop is first booted From here select the additional device to be used e For CONFIGURE to let you save or exit at least one of the attached device needs to be of non R
119. ives such as the 1541 This protocol requires very precise control of the timing of the signals and so 64HDD must usually take full control of the computer it is running on In addition to emulating the communications protocol 64HDD emulates the functionality of the 1541 and many other Commodore drives making operations seem transparent to most games and other software The emulation allows disk and tape images D64 T64 PRG etc to be directly used PC Requirements Almost any PC capable of operating a version of MSDOS and equipped with a LPT port and CPU speed of at least 33MHz is suitable Some slower PCs have been known to work whilst some portable PCs with speed stepping technologies have been found to be incompatible Version 6 xx MSDOS is recommended however other versions of DOS will largely work including version 7 xx Win9x DOS and FreeDOS some LFN limitations Commodore Requirements Any Commodore computer equipped with an IEC serial device bus This includes the popular C64 C128 C16 4 ad Vic20 Note that some aftermarket kernel ROM upgrades and cartridges are incompatible Please use a stock system when first installing and testing 64HDD Cabling The basic setup requires an X1541 or XE1541 cable to connect the PC to the Commodore computer For the Cable fastest possible data transfer speeds a parallel PwrLoad Ba compatible data cable is recommended Additional drives may be connected by daisy chain
120. l code lpt x use printer port x default is 1 xe use XE1541 protocol default is X1541 sl enable Scroll Lock LED default is off p mhz use Pentium TSC with CPU at 1 9999 MHz vic COPLIN 1999 2006 enable 1540 VIC20 timings use only with a VIC20 29 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Using a RAMDISK to speed things up especially for LFN and Power Loader Operation The use of a RAMDISK can improve the performance of 64HDD in several ways Firstly each time 64HDD is subsequently loaded it is done so from RAM which is faster Secondly the DOS ROM images which are stored in the system directory will also be faster to access Thirdly the directory scratch files will be created faster And fourthly there will be significant improvements to the speed of LFN and Pwr Load support functions as these also will be available in RAM and any temporary files can be created in RAM also e Install RAMDRIVE SYS or RAMDISK SYS as per the instructions that come with your version of MSDOS Depending upon your system is it recommended to use extended memory and as much of it as is available since 64HDD make no other use of it e Replicate the 64HDD directory structure on the RAMDRIVE COPY or LCOPY all EXE and BAT files to their corresponding locations and also all files in the 64HDD SYSTEM directory e Modify the PATH statement to include the EXE location on the RAMDRIVE
121. lator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Load directory from path associated with unit100 LOAD 100287 11 Errors e error 77 set if partition not found e error 62 set if file not found e error 0 or error 2 set if partition was found and change successful Notes e if unit definition is not a found the change is ignored and an attempt is made to load from the current path ie unit 0 e with the syntax pn dir1 dir2 the last directory name terminates with a and not and the full progname including type is required Command Load partition table Applicability C All J MSDOS J D64 C D71 D81 C D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax LOAD S P device LOAD P type gt pn lt pn device Type can include 4 for 1541 D64 7 for 1571 D71 8 for 1581 D81 D64 D71 D81 T64 D for all disk images L for LNX Examples Load complete partition table LOAD P 11 Load partition table only with definitions to disk images LOAD P D 11 Errors e Errors typical of a directory read Notes e partition table can currently only be called from a device attached e partition information is displayed in wide format not exactly CMD compatible e type only allows restriction of the types to be controlled No naming pattern match is considered COPLIN 1999 2006 106 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin
122. ld be pointed out that not all 64HDD files need to be on the RAMDISK It is possible to leave files not critical for 64HDD data transfers on a real disk and the path for both locations included in the PATH statement eg PATH e 64hdd c 64hdd PATH COPLIN 1999 2006 30 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Trouble Shooting 64HDD Trans64 Compatibility Note TR64 will not work when the X1541 cable is connected to a CBM Computer instead of or in addition to CBM disk drives even if the CBM computer is off The following fix was provided by Jochen Adler After a reset the C64 sets clock to active OV and thus TRANS64 cannot use this line The poke56576 7 sets all serial lines to inactive 5V and TRANS64 then works X1541 LPT port not known use MSD Microsoft Diagnostics or another PC utility to identify the printer ports you have available and their addresses X1541 connection not working Have you used a X1541 cable before eg with TRANS64 etc Have you got the X1541 cable attached to the correct LPT port ls the LPT port you are using the correct type ls the connector securely fastened I often find this is the problem a bumped cable Intermittent operation check that idle indicator twirling bar works when 64HDD started and after loading Suspended operation if data transmission is lost soon after the transfer begins it is likely that the PC controller is not ru
123. le called LFNFILES ZIP This Zip contains one LongFileName file that is used by 64HDD as the name template for creating all new LFNs To create this LFN file you can use one of the following methods 1 Unzip the LFN files using a DOS based de compressor don t forget to use the d option and then from the 64HDD directory run the LFN FIX BAT utility 2 Use a Windows95 version of WinZip ie versions 6 The LFN template file is called LFNS 16CHARSLFN S and is the only file which must be created under the Windows95 LFN system The rest of the Zip can be expanded with DOS PKUNZIP d for example COPLIN 1999 2006 133 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Only a subset of Odi s LFN utilities are included and these must be located in the directory from which 64HDD EXE is executed Additionally the directory must be on the MSDOS PATH as 64HDD will need to find them The must have utilities are LDIR EXE LREN EXE LCOPY EXE and LDEL EXE 64HDD checks to see if these files are correctly located Step 2 If you are using the non default location for the 64HDD system directory you will need to move the LFN template file The LFN template file LFNS 16CHARSLFN S must be moved to the 64HDD system directory as defined by sysdir or the default c 64hdd system location if not specified The file can only be correctly copied using the LCOPY utility or Windows95 If necessary
124. le if your configuration has this problem Load Error this may be the same problem as above and can be resolved by adding a real CBM drive to the daisy chain 64HDD beep beep beep the emulator has been given a command that is not currently support For example the M E command is not processed Some fast loader schemes rely on drive programming and will probably not work with 64HDD Note when using 64HDD with a C128 there will be three beeps but COPLIN 1999 2006 31 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com the load operation proceeds These beeps are because the C128 checks whether 64HDD is capable of burst mode before reverting to normal load routines e HDD is not there when boot froma floppy disk are you using Win98 or higher with an incompatible FAT system You will need a DOS7 x disk to read FAT32 To read an NTFS formatted disk you will need a third party NTFS driver Earlier versions MSDOS do not have access to these disks formats COPLIN 1999 2006 32 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Accelerating Data Transfer Overview 64HDD emulates the standard serial protocol used to communicate for example with the 1541 disk drive Because this protocol is emulated so well 64HDD s number 1 strength is its out of the box compatibility with a huge range software written for these computers Unlike many other cartridge
125. lete definition of unit 7 open 1 11 15 dP chr 7 close 1 Errors e error 77 set if partition not found e error 0 or error 2 set if partition was found and change successful COPLIN 1999 2006 103 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Notes Command Information about partition Applicability W All MSDOS J D64 C D71 D81 C D2M T64 LNX Syntax SIPx AAJ iPn Examples Get definition of unit 7 and assign to EM OPEN 1 11 15 IP7 INPUT 1 EN EM ET ES CLOSE 1 Get definition of unit 7 and assign to EM open 1 11 15 iP chr 7 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES close 1 Errors e error 0 Notes e undefined partitions are returned as signifying that no partition change would be made if called e partitions 990 999 return RESERVED e only partitions 0 255 can be requested using the binary method ee Applicability W All _ MSDOS J D64 C D71 D81 C D2M J T64 LNX Syntax SNPx Examples Change common name to partition defined as unit 20 OPEN 1 11 15 NP20 name CLOSE 1 Set up a multi disk sequence beginning at unit 30 OPEN 1 11 15 NP30 disk1 d64 01 PRINT 1 NP31 disk2 d64 02 PRINT 1 NP32 disk3 d64 03 PRINT 1 NP33 disk4 d64 04 CLOSE 1 COPLIN 1999 2006 104 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www
126. line options Command Fast 64HDD Directory Reading Applicability All C MSDOS _ D64 _ D71 _ D81 L D2M _ T64 _ LNX Syntax OPEN fileno device 3 drive path Examples Get current directory using fast read 1 OPEN 1 11 3 2 INPUT 1 D 5 INPUT 1 BL FLS TYS 6 IF TYS FRE THEN 10 7 8 PRINT BL FLS TYS GOTO 5 10 PRINT BL FL 15 CLOSE 1 Errors e See previous Notes e Directory access with secondary address of 3 will initial fast directory read format this is not supported by real CBM DOS e The fast format means that directory information only is sent and not the normal BASIC format detail as per a read of with secondary channel of 0 e First INPUT gets the directory or disk header This contains information such as disk id disk name path or file system depending upon what is attached The DOS version in the header can be used to identify which file system is active according to the following 1T 164 image attached 1L LNX image attached PC MSDOS directory LF MSDOS directory but with LongFileName support 2A D64 image unless disk image has corrupt DOS Version 2A D71 image unless disk image has corrupt DOS Version 3D D81 image unless disk image has corrupt DOS Version 1H D2M image unless disk image has corrupt DOS Version e Second and subsequent INPUT fetch three items in the format Blocks Filename Type COPLIN 1999 2006 71 of 136 v0 7alpha8
127. ll jobs in the queue for device 4 OPEN 1 11 15 PFLUSH 4 CLOSE 1 Errors e Always OK or Syntax Error 31 Notes e Must be issued to the command channel of a 64HDD device can be a drive or printer e When issued using JiffyDOS or a DOS wedge use a before the P eg PFLUSH 4 e PFLUSH will delete all files in the device spooling directory e devis agiven as single digit eg 4 not 04 COPLIN 1999 2006 121 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Error Codes and Messages 64HDD reports error codes and messages that closely match those of real CBM drives such as the 1541 1571 1581 These error codes are listed in a number of other sources but for the convenience of 64HDD users are reproduced below In addition to standard error codes 64HDD has some extended error codes usually to give additional feedback to users about features not built into standard CBM drives 64HDD Professional users will also have access to a range of codes reported by CMD compatible drives in response to CMD specific commands It should be noted that some error codes are used as part of copy protection schemes and are not real errors cause by 64HDD or the PC In these cases the error code is read from the extended information on some D64 and other disk images eek Reading the error channel clears the error code as it would on the original CBM drives Summary of 64HDD CBM DOS Error Mess
128. llows 64HDD to support 16 character filenames in MSDOS using the Win95 LongFileName format This means most Commodore filenames can be transferred as PRG files and have their names preserved rather than being truncated to DOS s 8 3 format Upper and lower case spaces and most other characters Full setup details are given elsewhere in this manual CD Audio Extensions By adding this software to your 644HDD system you can control the playback of audio CDs from your Commodore To listen to the playback all you need is a set of headphones or speakers connected to your CD ROMs front panel socket or with the special audio lead connected you can mix the CD sound using the C64 s SID chip Use the CD sound for your latest programming project or just sit back and listening to music whilst you work on your Commodore You can used the Commodore CD Player available from the 64HDD website or write your own COPLIN 1999 2006 40 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Power Loader Extensions By adding these loaders and a parallel cable to your 64HDD system you can reduce loading times to a minimum The Pwr Load plug ins speed up access to single file programs by 30 50times compared to standard 1541 loads The speed up is available to standard Commodores however with a replacement Kernal ROM or 64HDD Cartridge you can use Pwr Load transparently with almost every application In
129. ly activated deactivated e Error 89 returned if device is outside allowable range Notes e xis an ASCII expression representing the device number CBM serial devices can only range from 0 30 but not are accessible with the standard kernal ROM e Do not activate a device number that is identical to that of another device on the daisy chain The serial bus will hang if that device number is accessed as two devices will attempt to respond e Some DOS wedges such as that in JiffyDOS have a different definition for commands beginning with O You will need to use a quote OFF 11 ee Applicability W All MSDOS D64 D71 L D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax SORT x Examples Activate device 11 OPEN 1 11 15 SORT N CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok or equivalent EN ET ES always 0 Notes e MSDOS like the 1541 fills the directory in order that files are saved meaning also that holes in the directory are left when files are deleted e xis an ASCII expression representing sort sequence required for example N sort by name D sort by date S sort by size E sort by extensions prefix for reverse sort eg N IS sort subdirectories recursively e SORT makes use of an external sort tool called by the batch file LFNSORTR BAT and which can be configured by the user Refer to LFNSORT TXT before using e LFNSORT EXE v1 5 D Murdoch is recommended if you want sort LFN files on a FAT32 forma
130. ly minimal and the design of 64HDD is for user free operation once configured as such a keyboard and or video card is not required and can be flagged off in the PC BIOS COPLIN 1999 2006 16 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Because of this the basic freeware version has no pretty user screen but special commands are provided to manage the PC hardware via the Commodore computer If the user wants a functional and informative graphical user interface then the purchase of 64HDD Professional should be considered Background 64HDD was born in 1999 The concept of 64HDD was inspired by the number of PC based Commodore emulators being released and the relative drop in the price of PC hardware comparative to that of specialist CBM compatible hardware My initial thoughts were that someone out there must have a product which would do what emulators do especially as there were programs readily available to create disk images from a LPT port controlled 1541 my recommendation is Trans64 An extensive search on the Internet identified many programs that provided PC to C64 communication but required either software drivers or kernal patches These also often necessitated specialist cables and did not support standard commands and direct disk access Only two programs where identified at the time that attempted what was hoping was possible VC1541 This program
131. lycos com e partition definitions longer than the display name are abbreviated and are show with only the start and end portions of the definition Applicability C All MSDOS _ D64 _ D71 _ D81 _ D2M _ T64 _ LNX Syntax LOAD S N device LOAD S N type gt pn lt pn device Type can include 4 for 1541 D64 7 for 1571 D71 8 for 1581 D81 D64 D71 D81 T64 D for all disk images L for LNX Examples Load complete partition table LOAD N 11 Load partition table only with definitions to disk images LOAD P D 11 Load selected range of partition table only with definitions to disk images LOAD P D gt 100 lt 200 11 Errors e Errors typical of a directory read Notes e partition table can currently only be called from a device attached partition information is displayed in wide format not exactly CMD compatible name pattern match is used as part of the filtering allowed partition definitions longer than the display name are abbreviated and are show with only the start and end portions of the definition COPLIN 1999 2006 107 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com CMD Compatible Time and Date Commands CMD FD and HD series devices support an option RTC device 64HDD supports compatible commands though the preference is to use the native commands as the
132. m e The MSDOS directory listing allocates an extra digit for block size information this is because files and disk images can have 4digit values for their size not possible on a 1541 e The MSDOS directory separator is exchanged for on the CBM machine as the CBM keyboard has no V key e When an image or MSDOS directory is attached the directory is sent if a LOAD was issued It is not sent if the command channel was used e Animage can be detached by setting the directory to a known MSDOS location eg LOAD 11 Be sure to set to a known existing directory LOAD 11 can also be used to return to the MSDOS directory the disk image was attached from e In MSDOS modes relative paths may be used eg LOAD S 11 but remember that path length is limited to 255 characters by some versions of MSDOS It is recommended to frequently set directory to root when using relative paths e In MSDOS mode a new drive may be logged by giving the absolute path to a directory for example the root directory D e Pressing RUN STOP will abort the directory load e With the OPEN command format the directory is set for the device but no listing is sent on this channel The device s directory can be retrieved using the normal CBM directory read from secondary address 0 for the device with file name eg OPEN fileno device 0 S and use GET e In MSDOS mode blocks free is number of blocks available o
133. n the SYSDIR directory 160 LFN MODE NOT AVAILABLE LFN mode was not activated during 64HDD start up and so the requested LFN command cannot be supported 180 D81 TO 1 44 FDD ERROR there was an error encountered whilst using 1581COPY to transfer the requested D81 image to the floppy in A COPLIN 1999 2006 127 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 181 1 44FDD TO D81 ERROR there was an error encountered whilst using 1581COPY to transfer the floppy in A to the requested D81 image 200 CD AUDIO ERROR there was an error encountered with the last issued CD Audio command Additional extended modes error text which maybe assigned to error status code 00 instead of the default OK for example MSD gt RESULTS IN SYSDIR MSD 64HDD DRIVE DE ACTIVATED STRICT MODE SET CLEAR CBM DRIVE EMU C COPLIN CMD EMU MODE SET CLEAR Time Date and Day output Mouse commands COPLIN 1999 2006 128 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Specifications Guide Dependent Devices File system devices are termed dependent devices The behaviour of the emulator depends upon the mode the file system is in For example when a D64 image is logged the emulator will respond and emulate a 1541 drive unless 1571 mode is specified by the appropriate CBM command Because the mode is dependent only applicable commands will be available
134. n the drive limited to 63999 because of BASIC line number limitations e In LNX and T64 modes blocks free will always be zero as write support is not provided for these image types e Incompatibility because name is now used to change to the directory or disk image if name is not a directory a file not found message or default directory load will be performed This will have some incompatibility with programs that try to identify blocks free by reading the information after they execute a OPEN1 11 0 command To patch such instances change the last character to a wildcard eg ee Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax LOAD EZ drive path type device LOAD drive path type EZ device Where types allowed include As for regular directory requests Examples Load current directory assigned to this device for viewing use LIST as per CBM practice to see it LOAD EZ 11 COPLIN 1999 2006 70 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e Same as for normal directory requests Notes e Complete LFN name displayed for files disk images and directories LFN given on second line use short name to access e Professional users can activate EZ Load permanently by command options e Display of prefix for FastLoader X Loader or PwrLoad can be requested by setting command
135. nning the emulator fast enough Keep in mind the program s minimum specification and avoid unnecessary TSRs which take away from processing performance eg if you do not need a mouse driver do not install it Trouble with Pentiums if your Pentium hangs after a long load but normally works then it is possible the p mhz setting is not 100 accurate Try the auto calibrated value or try something a little higher or lower than the actual processor speed or even leave out the p This seems only to be an occasional problem with early slow Pentiums Searching for If you are using the XE1541 cable chances are that you have not specified xe option when starting 64HDD Can save and send commands but not load more than likely an XE1541 cable is used but not specified on the command line Device Not Present Error check that device is activated when 64HDD is initialised If you get this message during serial and or GET data transfers it may be a serial bus timing error please notify the author Some problems are known with the C16 Plus4 Vic20 during GET data transfers This indicates that the emulator is not running fast enough or is installed on a PC controller which is not able to run the program fast enough Solutions are to use a faster PC or to run a real CBM drive in the daisy chain There should not be any problems with operation on a C64 C128 as the signals are slightly different slower but similar solutions may also be possib
136. nsfer 1581 disk in 1 44FDD to D81 with 1581COPY Applicability C All Hl MSDOS L D64 C D71 C D81 C D2M C T64 C LNX Syntax F1581 filename D81 Examples Transfer 1581 disk from 1 44FDD to D81 image in current directory with given name OPEN 1 11 15 F1581 TEST D81 CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 181 returned for any error detected e Error 35 and appropriate message returned for other errors Notes e D81 Disk image is written in the current directory else path must be specified e The transfer is controlled by shelling to the F1581 BAT file Modify this file as needed You require Womo s 1581COPY program version greater than 0 52 to run this function e The emulator will not respond to other commands whilst the transfer takes place this is because 1581COPY is a stand alone program and not integrated into 64HDD e Support is only offered in MSDOS file system as a precaution against transferring a disk image which is currently active COPLIN 1999 2006 115 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com See as The CMD FD and HD series devices support a number of additional command channel operations To enhance compatibility of 64HDD with software written for the CMD drives these additional commands are supported in the professional version though there may be alternate 64HDD ways to achieve the same result using native commands Applicability W C MSDOS
137. nuuandtenuieidianduandsensRoaddeadesadteneRoabteaisied 84 Command Block Pointer wesciaisuenaiscaccsadsndisaadsacadeuadencdaandvanseandvasasandeaddiaadinoses 84 Command Memory Read seeeeeeeeeseenrnnnreeserrrnrnnnnreseerrrrnnnnnnnneeerrnnnn nnn 84 Command Memory Write seseeeeseeesnnnnnneeseeernrnrrnnnsserrrrnnnnnnnnseerrrnnn nnn 84 Extended Drive COMMANGS wicivicsccesdncassencacasuiendsasosastncassestatanseaeatadaiadecnaraudndaveeaananen 86 Device Dependent Command5s ccceeeeeeeeeeeeeenneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeenneeeeeeeeeeeeeees 86 EE 86 Command Make MSDOS directory cccecceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 87 Command Change MSDOS directory cccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 87 Command Remove MSDOS director Device Independent Command6 cccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaeeeeeeeeeeeneee 90 Command Get Set 64HDD Time 0 ceeeeeeeeeceee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 90 Command Get Set 64HDD Date eee eecceee eee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 90 Command Get 64HDD Day cccccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneas 91 Command Get 64HDD Device Space Information cceeeeeeeeeeeees 91 Command Exit 64HDD and set error_level upon exit eeeeeeeeeeee 92 Command Read PC Mouse Position and button status ASCII 93 Command Read PC Mouse Position and button status Binary
138. o enter disk commands so that you can re assign which disk image is attached to the current disk The problem also occurs when you have program and data disks for example with a compiler word processor and GEOS This has been a problem for CMD hard drive users for quite some time now To help in these situations 64HDD now supports disk flipping at the push of a button There are two ways to use this feature e You can add a switch to you X1541 or XE1514 connection This suits users who do have a standalone 64HDD system The modification involves connecting a switch to pin15 of the LPT plug and to ground pins18 25 The X1541 cable may already use pin15 for the detection loop but this link can be removed and the cable will still work The XE1541 cable has no such link in place This switch is the disk flip button e You use the F12 key on systems that have a keyboard In order to use the multiple disk feature disk images or directories need to be assigned as partitions or short cuts The disk flip function is only available when device 8 is activated on 64HDD Partition short cut 001 through 010 take on a special meaning when the disk flip button is pressed Each press of the button causes 64HDD to search for the next valid definition This definition is then attached to device 8 and becomes the default for subsequent accesses If a partition short cut in the 001 010 range is undefine
139. oader or PwrLoader support for the CP M operating system COPLIN 1999 2006 51 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com GEOS 2 0 Support Introduction GEOS support is available to 64HDD and you have three options Compatible 1 Download the pre keyed D64 images from the CMDRKEY website These are essentially load and go images but you will only be able to use the basic GEOS applications You may skip most of the information in this section of the 64HDD manual if you take this option 2 Download the freeware driver disks from the 64HDD website and follow the instructions in this section of the manual on how to key these kernal drivers to match your personal GEOS disks 3 Use the XP GEOS Kernals distributed with 64HDD Professional To use your existing applications the keying procedure will need to be followed 64HDD provides support for GEOS via the use of a specialised GEOS kernal The kernal is the code that is always available to applications running under GEOS The kernal routines that talk to the disk drives have been modified to talk to 64HDD ina special way and 64HDD knows how to talk back This communication method is not the same as that used by real 1541 81 disk drives but that doesn t not matter to 99 of the applications written for GEOS If you go for methods 2 or 3 your GEOS system needs to be configured before it will work Like the original GEOS your
140. ommodore programs The standard access commands used with your 1541 will work however there are some extensions provided to access new 64HDD specific features Command Select and or view 64HDD directory Applicability a All L MSDOS L D64 _ D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax LOAD drive path type device LOAD Sdrive path type options device OPEN fileno device 15 Sdrive path type CLOSE Where types allowed include for PRG files in MSDOS mode PRG can also be used v for SEQ files in MSDOS mode SEQ can also be used S U for USR files in MSDOS mode USR can also be used R for REL files in MSDOS mode REL can also be used C for CBM files in disk image file systems B for directories in MSDOS and disk image file systems G gives GEOS information such as type purpose DIR for MSDOS directories D64 for D64 images D71 for D71 images D81 for D81 images D2M for D2M images from FD2000 made by 1581COPY D for all supported disk images T64 for T64 images LNX for LNX images MSD forall other files Wildcards and permitted for filtering the directory listing COPLIN 1999 2006 68 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Examples Load current directory assigned to this device for viewing use LIST as per CBM practice to see it LOAD S 11 Load only directory header and blocks free information LOAD Ss
141. ontroller for the Commodore computer any CBM computer which uses the standard CBM serial bus protocol Vic20 C64 C128 Plus 4 C16 etc Additionally the 64HDD program can support any media device that can be supported by the 386 486 for which an MSDOS compatible driver system is required These include FDD HDD CDROM RamDrive etc In addition to supporting the hardware various CBM image formats can be supported including disk D64 D71 D81 Tape T64 and archive LNX Raw binary and text files saved in the MSDOS filing system can also be loaded The MSDOS file system can be configured in a way which allows 16character filenames to be used these use the Windows95 LongFileName LFN format Also 1581 emulation with a 1 44Mb 3 5 floppy drive is possible with the appropriate program add ins Emulation of the standard CBM drive command set has been extended with a number of new commands added to provide Real Time Clock information from the PC controller s RTC and to manage the new hardware and devices Mouse support for the Commodore computer is provided by command channel functions when a PC mouse is attached and configured to the 64HDD host Very few standard commands namely those requiring the specific 65xx hardware such as memory execute are not supported however reads and writes to drive RAM ROM are generally supported whilst accessing CBM disk images The hardware specification level of the PC controller is reasonab
142. or a C128D with internal drive s You will have to soft hard change the number in these drives before starting or restarting the emulated drive Each initialised dependent device needs to have a path assigned at 64HDD start up else a default c location is assumed More than one device can be logged to a given path but only one device should be logged to disk image this is because a disk image may get corrupted if one device modifies the image whist the other is not watching COPLIN 1999 2006 129 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Independent Devices These devices are not file system devices They are for example devices that receive and send data but are not used for storing file data A good example is the Real Time Clock RTC in the PC controller The time date for this device can be set via the command channel regardless of whether in 1541 1571 1581 etc mode none of which support RTC commands The concept of independent devices is used also for interrogating the functioning of the controller and emulator without having to work from a keyboard and monitor attached to the PC controller A PC compatible mouse may be attached to a 64HDD serial or PS2 port With the appropriate MSDOS mouse driver installed the position of the mouse and button status can be read by the CBM computer and the information used in the program you write Other device independent f
143. or set Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected e when CMD mode is set among other things 64HDD changes the way partitions information is displayed e when CMD 0 64HDD uses the 1541 s ROM for the MSD mode memory map e when CMD 1 the CMDHD ROM map gets loaded in MSD mode Having a CMD memory map resident means some CMD compatible programs will now allow you to use additional options Other file systems use their respective ROM for example D64 uses the 1541 map e when CMD 2 the CMDHD ROM map gets loaded in all file system mode this effectively does three things 1 1541 specific software will not detect the drive as 1541 useful for some programs 2 allows 64HDD to better emulate the CMDHD and 3 drive letters are appended to the directory listing e the mode change applies to all activated 64HDD devices e this option can also be set from the command line when starting 64HDD or through function keys Command Identify what is the current path Professional version only Applicability W All X MSDOS J D64 C D71 C D81 C D2M J T64 LNX Syntax CWD Examples Find the current working directory path for the selected device OPEN 1 11 15 CWD REM READ OUT PATH USING GET LOOP CLOSE 1 PRINT EM COPLIN 1999 2006 97 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e Error 0 returned with the EM containing the curren
144. our NTFS drives so you can still store your Commodore archives on disk e f configuring a DOS boot disk seems too hard an autoconfiguring boot CDROM can be purchased from the 64HDD website 64HDD Command line Parameters There are many command line parameters that can be used to change the way 64HDD operates Most users will only use a couple of these Further not all the command line options are available to all users as some control 64HDD Professional functionality The list below details the most important parameters The README TXT file has the most up to date details The inbuilt 64HDD help list can also be invoked by starting 64HDD with the n option usage 64HDD EXE h 8 9 10 11 8 9 10 11 filename lpt 11213 h the help screen 8 15 activate device 8 15 default is c 8 415 filename activate device 8 15 and attach to filename sysdir non default path of 64HDD system directory prindir non default path of CMDPRTN TBL default is SysDir lfn support Win95 LongFileNames in MSDOS v1 55 required pwr XXX set default PwrLoader default is 990 faster speed up load transmissions should only be used with 386 and 486 computers fastest speed up load transmissions should only be used with 386 and 486 computers nocredits speeds up 64HDD start up by not pausing for credits noreset prevents 64HDD resetting when the Commodore is reset RegNo registration code replace RegNo with rea
145. pplicability C All MSDOS ff D64 Mf 071 W 081 Mf D2u L T64 C LNX Syntax U2 B W BLOCK WRITE Notes e The B W and BLOCK WRITE versions work exactly as the U2 version does The original bugs have been corrected e The drive number parameter is always ignored and 64HDD refers only to the drive that received the command Command Block Allocate Applicability C All MSDOS E D64 Mf 071 Mf D381 D2M T64 C LNX Syntax B A BLOCK ALLOCATE Notes e The original bugs have been corrected as BAM is updated directly on disk image and not only to memory COPLIN 1999 2006 83 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e The drive number parameter is always ignored and 64HDD refers only to the drive that received the command Command Block Free Applicability C All C MSDOS Jf D64 I D71 Mf 081 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax B F BLOCK FREE Notes e The original bugs have been corrected as BAM is updated directly on disk image and not only to memory e The drive number parameter is always ignored and 64HDD refers only to the drive that received the command Command Block Pointer Applicability O Aai MSDOS E D64 E 071 W 081 E 02m L T64 L LNX Syntax B P BLOCK POINTER Notes e The drive number parameter is always ignored and 64HDD refers only to the drive that received the command Command Memory Read Applicability C All MSDOS ff D64 Mf 071 W 081 E D2u
146. r in header This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller detected an error in the header of the requested data block The block had not been read into the DOS memory 28 WRITE ERROR long data block This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller attempted to detect the sync mark of COPLIN 1999 2006 124 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com the next header after writing a data block If the sync mark did not appear within a predetermined time the error message was generated 29 DISK ID MISMATCH This message will only occur on extended disk images containing track and sector error information and is sometimes used as copy protection In this case the disk controller had requested to access a disk image which had not been initialized 30 SYNTAX ERROR general syntax 64HDD cannot interpret the command sent to the command channel Typically this is caused by an illegal number of file names or pattems are illegally used For example two file names may appear on the left side of the COPY command 31 SYNTAX ERROR invalid command 64HDD does not recognize the command The command must start in the first position 32
147. rectory selected e 64HDD shells to the application which must be on the path or a path must be given e an application which writes to the screen may corrupt the 64HDD display this may not be a problem if you do not need to refer to the display for example in a dedicated system e the screen output of many programs is diverted rather than displayed with gt MSD SEQ with the file being written to the sysdir MSD SEQ e This command may be used for example to run PC based cross compilers Command Report protocol speed mode and Pentium CPU speed Applicability Al C MSDOS D64 D71 J D81 L D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax SPEED SPEEDO Examples Report OPEN 1 11 15 SPEED INPUT 1 EN EMS ES ET CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok with ET defining the mode 1 std 2 faster 3 fastest 10 if UI has been previously issued ES defines CPU MHz if Pentium TSC is being used for microsecond timings ES 0 if Programmable Interval Timer PIT is used for timings Notes e works regardless of disk image directory selected COPLIN 1999 2006 94 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Command Switch to ShortFileName Mode Applicability W All C MSbDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax SFN SFNO Examples Switch to SFN mode for future 64HDD access OPEN 1 11 15 SFN CLOSE 1 Errors e Return is Ok with ES 0 and ET defining the mode 0
148. riginal X1541 and the XE1541 cable schemes are supported If you have a newer machine with on the mainboard LPT ports chances are it will not work with the X1541 To overcome this limitation you need an older LPT card installed in a slot as a secondary LPT port or an XE1541 interface Optionally a parallel PwrLoad cable can be used to increase the speed of data transfers during load and read operations X1541 Cable Specification 1 a oocoooo abot 9 eters intel dadi 1 3 pppepppprop plt O line of ers Diode Bias Voltage Commodore of 0 3v to O 7 Input of Output of Parallel Port Parallel Port One of the X1541 schematics above also shows optional tape connector for use on the C64S emulator Alternate details are in the README TXT file X1541 and XE1541 schematics can also be found in the Star Commander documentation or on their website The diode specification is BAT85 or 1N5819 types but for some LPT interfaces 1N4148 or 1N4005 diodes will work equally well Note the XM and XA1541 cables are not as yet supported Until support is available you can modify your XE cable by swapping two wires on the Commodore plug DATA and RESET Some people have modified their cable with a switch to allow it to operate as both types If you are thinking that you need to buy an XA cable to protect your modern PC but already have an
149. rnals available exclusively to 64HDD Professional users These kernals work on the principle of loadable disk drivers and offer a higher degree of overall compatibility with non standard GEOS applications such as those that patch the system What will your 64HDD GEOS configuration look like By using 64HDD you will not need to have a stack of 5 25 GEOS disks any more All these disks will be accessible as images available from your 64HDD GEOS drive Your new configuration can include one or two 64HDD drives and a REU or one 64HDD drive and a real disk should you need to transfer data to real disks The configuration details will be discussed in detail below The other benefits of having GEOS run from 64HDD other than eliminating your stack of disks is that e You ll be able to launch applications located on different disk images by using simple to configure disk ShortCuts and thus avoid the disk shuffling e You ll have an accurate clock as the driver included will set the time from the 64HDD system when you boot e You will be able to spool print jobs to files using 64HDD Professional e You ll have access to lots more features yet to be finalised why not help by coding some The basic D64 driver set is available to all versions of 64HDD The professional version also includes support for the D81 image format and for Pwr Loader support In the future additional support will be developed to make use of the features provided by
150. ron ESR RHE automatically be displayed This will list Aiii the contents of supported disk images ue so that you can verify the contents are 3 D ata AS FMMI S Bonur PA what you are looking for The contents of f SMERE He a pi AgTimes caMtaT a Pa standard text types used as indexes on nies neti mave 1 1 Sopal honton many popular C64 CDROM compilations crackz FLOP zI Pe 1 t ECD LAP F 5 are also viewable Favourites Add2Fav Sort 7 Load 6064HDD rete anan Ok J Cancel Help use mouse or tab csrs spacebar and hot keys ital Preview Show LFN Commonly used file locations can be Command Prompt etait BEE added to you favourites list allowing you to jump straight to these locations Fa a E Ee LN RPLR 4 M Remove Goto J Cancel 4 F Help select Favorite then action r a it GU060316 CBMBASIC BAS Favourites fidd2Fav Sort Load G064HDD J ox J Cancel o gt Help use mouse or tab csrs spacebar and hot keys i si seati Show LFN COPLIN 1999 2006 23 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Directory contents can be sorted with the appropriate MSDOS plug in tools This helps make files easier to find Note however that this option requires lots of DOS memory and so may only be available in some modes of starting 64GUI System Info is available from most screens so tha
151. s appear when viewed with LDIR and not how they appear on the CBM machine e Some characters are still invalid in the Windows95 LFN system and 64HDD checks and removes these This includes and which are directory specifiers and other punctuation used for redirection However spaces and periods are allowed as part of the 16 3 name Upper and lower characters are accepted and used in the name 64HDD when LFN is enabled does some translation for PETASCII characters such that they are mapped to the true ASCII Also you may find that some illegal characters are translated to graphic equivalents for example will be substituted for a CBM graphic that looks similar e When LFN mode is used directories may take a little longer to generate before they are sent to the CBM computer This is normal and can be improved by the use of a RAMDISK or SMARTDRIVE cache COPLIN 1999 2006 135 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com PC to CBM Cable Specification The 64HDD program requires one of the following adaptor cables to be connected between your parallel printer port LPT1 LPT2 LPT3 and your Commodore computer or disk drive By connecting it to your disk drive you will be able to chain together other hardware to you system This cable is also known as X1541 cable because it was used Cab the first time by a program with this name Nowadays it is used 1 saat by many programs At present only the o
152. s assumed PRG file load supported in all file systems SEQ file reads supported in MSDOS and disk image file systems RUN STOP key press supported for PRG files FILE NOT FOUND supported for PRG and SEQ formats File creation supported for MSDOS D64 D71 and for root partition for D81 files In the supported file systems file exist warning is given but if not tested by the user program the file will be overwritten e Writes to disk images do not use the standard CBM DOS interleave The interleave is irrelevant for a virtual disk and instead blocks are written in the next available order starting at Track 1 Sector 0 The only thing you may notice is that these disk may be slightly slower to read when copied back to real media COPLIN 1999 2006 73 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com MSDOS ASCII Compatibility A special ASCII exchange mode is supported by 64HDD If the file type is specified with a shifted type specifier basic alphabetic ASCII translation is performed This means for example by writing a file with the shift S filetype a sequential file will be written but upper and lower case will be correctly viewable in an MSDOS editor Likewise reading an MSDOS text file by changing filetype to USR and then opening it with a shift U filetype will result in the MSDOS ASCII codes being exchanged for PETASCIl equivalents Text Exchange Cross Platform Compatibility
153. s to a MSDOS EXE A number of PrintEngines are included with 64HDD Professional and these may be supplemented by others still to be coded PrintEngines should be stored in a location that is on the MSDOS Path and the naming convention is 64PE xxx EXE where xxx is the file extension created by the PrintEngine Professional version only 64GUI includes a PrintManager to help you manage jobs on your print queues For some this is easiest way to delete or print jobs The use of the PrintManager is fairly straight forward select the device select the job and click on the option There are a number of Print Engine options or you can use a custom Print Engine by clicking other and typing in its name All the functions of the PrintManager can also be invoked through the 64HDD command channel directly from your Commodore keyboard if you prefer to work it that way Unlike the rest of 64HDD which can be installed in alternate drives the printing functions need to be installed on the C drive The following directory structure is created when the installation zip is correctly expanded C 64hddpro device02 C 64hddpro device04 C 64hddpro device05 C 64hddpro device06 C 64hddpro fonts C 64hddpro temp Each of the deviceXX directories is where the respective spool files are created COPLIN 1999 2006 66 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com The fonts directory con
154. s which may be merged e For disk image formats only the simple COPY version of the command is so far supported The MERGE version is not yet available Command Initialize device Applicability C All Hf MSDOS L D64 J D71 J D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax u TOVA INITIALIZE INITIALIZEO Examples Initialize this device OPEN Lyd dy 1557 17 CLOSE 1 x Errors e Always error 0 returned Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system the command is acknowledged but not acted upon Command Validate device disk Applicability C All Hf MSDOS L D64 J D71 L D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax sy V0 aw VALIDATE VALIDATEO Examples Validate this device OPEN diy dy is ae CLOSE 1 Errors e Always error 0 returned COPLIN 1999 2006 79 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Notes e Inthe MSDOS file system the command is acknowledged but not acted upon Command Warm boot Cold boot Applicability C All Hl MSDOS L D64 J D71 D81 C D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax SUT SU vyg Examples Warm boot this device OPEN 1 11 15 UI INPUT 1 EN EMS T S CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 73 returned with EM containing 64HDD version message The last four letters of EM are EMUL can be used to detect that this is an emulated drive and as such advanced 64HDD features can
155. se are simpler to convert for example to CBM native TI and have no Y2K related issues The CMD commands are provided only to ensure compatibility with programs written for CMD RTC equipped devices not including SmartMouse It must be pointed out that the CMD operating system has Y2K compatibility issues as it uses only a 2 digit year format As a consequence setting the date using the CMD commands may set the PC s RTC to the wrong date 64HDD makes the assumption that the year will be 2000 set_year but this precludes initialising the system at an earlier date If you wish to do this use the native commands If you are still using 64HDD in the year 2100 you will also have problems use the 64HDD native command to avoid these issues Command Read set RTC in CMD ASCII format Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M J T64 C LNX Syntax T RA T WAdow mo da yr hr mi se xM Examples See Notes 10 OPEN15 11 15 T RA 20 GET 15 A T T A IF ST lt gt 64 THEN 20 30r CLOSE 13 t contains the time in this order dow mo da yr hr mi se xM chr 13 day of week 4 letters one space SUN MON TUES WED THUR FRI SAT mo month 01 12 da day yr year hr hour 01 12 mi minute 00 59 se second 00 59 x A or P AM PM Errors e Error 30 returned if time date setting string the wrong length e Error is 0 if length Ok Notes e See examples bundled with the 64HDD software or re
156. sees seen eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 33 VOI OWN EA A sarneeadtbacett sll adic sede T E 33 Serial vs Parallel Cables sjgesssccisevsinencuanweivilseuatengtavanasismuishedsbiuce i vee vuicUbuccedseevsuenailene 33 PWRLOAD ROM Upgrade sccetaccesseeiesnontapescsapateenseaactastbelaysunbapesaneentnesseanceasesanens 34 64HDD Speed Up Cartridges ccsscccccceeeeeeeeeeesceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeseseeeeeseeeeeeeeeneas 34 E EA E E E 34 e E E 35 P E A A A A E 38 64HDD System Plug nS asasaasaaannnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn ne 40 OVEIVIOW ceecee E A a 40 LongFileName Support scsceicieccnesceupesseteceneaeseneneansnaenacesienediedasieunsadennnenededeneendiedeeanens 40 CD Audio Extensions spaccatiatested cet iatcdatitalt ndatbstets odie Dubatbatel Gleb edad ndalbedstsadebedsDecbcdnledse 40 Power Loader Extensions c cceccccceeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeaaeaeeeeeeeeeeeeeeesaeees 41 PSID for DOS a tesaesanata pues dunate nam ndtadcursdted t 41 Networking with 64HDD sss cacceiethstatec i iedpenteneksec th alten seauiaalbibaciatiereeclediebaotan nine 41 USB Drives Womb nee UD cs scsaneivenctivesenciu sa eannedvenaivusineuceiexacaaaen cnn girexenedeuanaeneuesieads 41 COPLIN 1999 2006 9 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com a E T 42 Device Number Swapping sssssssseessseeceeeceeeseeeeneeceeeeeeeeeeeeeeees 43 Multi Disk Program Compatibility cc
157. sferred to the real disk You must use additional tools to create these errors e CBMDISK will show you a disk images error table e Several small disk tools distributed with 64HDD will let you re create some T amp S errors on the real disk es Applicability C All HJ MSDOS J D64 C D71 J D81 L D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax F1541 filename D64 Examples Transfer 1541 disk to a D64 image in current directory with given name OPEN 1 11 15 F1541 TEST D64 CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 183 returned for any error detected e Other errors as appropriate if disk image has problems e Error 0 Ok if transfer is successful Notes e This command is only designed to work with a 1541 or a 1571 locked in 1541 mode e The D64 Disk image will be created in the current directory else the relative path must be specified e The transfer is performed by 64HDD directly talking and listening to a 1541 device connected as 8 Note No other bus activity is allowed during the disk transfer as it will result in a bus contention due to multiple talkers and will result in a failure to complete the operation Progress is displayed on 64GUI and can also be inferred from the status of the 1541 s activity light e The transfer scheme employs generic U1 and U2 disk block read commands making it very compatible but unfortunately very slow The transfer is however faster than a Commodore doing the work as only a one w
158. sk This will give your applications more room to save data For example d geos geosboot d 4 COPLIN 1999 2006 60 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Whenever applications finish they will return to your first boot disk where you can have all your short cuts The InfoBox can also be used as a convenient way of sending commands to 64HDD to do house keeping functions such as checking on drive space with FREE or setting the date with DATE The reply from 64HDD will appear in a dialog box ShortCut Supplied with 64HDD Professional is an enhanced version of ShortCut called ShortCut Plus This application has additional capabilities compared to the standard ShortCut tool By modifying the parameters in the info box these functions can be activated The new features allow you to 1 Spawn a copy of the ShortCut utility on the target disk By adding a at the end of the path the new disk image will firstly be attached but before returning to the desktop ShortCut will create a new blank ShortCut on the disk so that it can be redefined and or copy Eg d geos geopub d64 will attach the geopub d64 disk image then create a new ShortCut on that disk image 2 Attach a new disk image to a particular device number not just the current device For example appending 8 will apply the request to device 8 regardless of whether ShortCut was launched from device 8 9 or 10 A B or
159. ss Examples Get time from 64HDD and set CBM time string OPEN IAIL IS Ti INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES TIS LEFTS EMS 6 CLOSE 1 Set 64HDD RTC time to 13 20 30 hhmmss 24hr clock OPEN 171115 Te 32030 CLOSE 1 Errors e Current time returned as the error text EN ET ES always 0 e Syntax error 30 returned if format is too long short Notes e hhmmss must be an ASCII string e works regardless of disk image directory selected e no checking that time setting was successful or that time was valid Command Get Set 64HDD Date Applicability W All MSDos J D64 J D71 L D81 L D2M L T64 L LNX Syntax D dd mm yyyy DO dd mm yyyy DATE dd mm yyyy DATEO dd mm yyyy Examples Get date from 64HDD and print string OPEN 1 11 25 D INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES PRINT DATE EMS CLOSE 1 COPLIN 1999 2006 90 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Set 64HDD RTC date to 30 01 1999 dd mm yyyy OPEN 1 11 15 D 30 01 1999 CLOSE 1 Errors e Current date returned as the error text EN ET ES always 0 e Syntax error 30 returned if format is too long short Notes e dd mm yyyy must be an ASCII string e though are returned other delimiters may be used for setting eg space and e works regardless of disk image directory selected e no checking that date setting was successful or that dat
160. structions for the Pwr Load cable are included in the plug in download Alternately the Pwr XE cable can be ordered from 64HDD Shop PSID for DOS 64HDD user Nils Andreas came up with this idea to interface Roland Hermans SID file converter to 64HDD Roland obliged by porting his software to DOS whilst Nils put together a simple utility to control it directly from the C64 keyboard Now you can sample all those SID tunes with ease Networking with 64HDD 64HDD user Peter Simmonds worked out how to network 64HDD systems running in DOS with other PC which are running either DOS or Windows The NETWORK TXT file included with 64HDD has the details but you may need to download the MS networking client package EE d e dis UM VESSAL SERIAL PUS USB Drives with 64HDD This MSDOS device driver allows many USB mass storage class devices to be identified and made available to DOS programs Mass storage class devices include thumb drives Flash memory sticks card readers for CompactFlash SD MMC etc and even many new Digital cameras By using this driver the USB devices identified when DOS boots will be accessible by your Commodore through 64HDD COPLIN 1999 2006 41 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Users who do not have a DOS wedge system such as that written into the JiffyDOS ROM now have an easy way to load files and directories without
161. t path Notes Command Activate a new 64HDD Device Professional version only Applicability E C MSDOS J D64 D71 J D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax ON x Examples Activate device 11 OPEN 1 11 15 0N211 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Errors e Error 91 returned when device is successfully activated deactivated e Error 89 returned if device is outside allowable range e Error 74 returned if requested to activate more devices than 64HDD has memory to handle Notes e xis an ASCII expression representing the device number CBM serial devices can only range from 0 30 but not are accessible with the standard kernal ROM e Do not activate a device number that is identical to that of another device on the daisy chain The serial bus will hang if that device number is accessed as two devices will attempt to respond e Some DOS wedges such as that in JiffyDOS have a different definition for commands beginning with O You will need to use a quote ON 11 Command De activate a 64HDD Device Professional version only Applicability W C MSDOS J D64 J D71 J D81 L D2M L T64 C LNX Syntax VORP rx Examples Activate device 11 OPEN 1 121 175 OFF 211 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 COPLIN 1999 2006 98 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Errors e Error 91 returned when device is successful
162. t you can keep track of details such as date time and free DOS memory The partition assistant will allow you to configure the partition table including specification of multiple disk sets A built in FileManager allows you to copy move rename and delete files The FileManager works on the source and destination format and includes Preview support Operations are carried out in both DOS and LFN names If changes are made you should Exit 64GUI If you try to Quit after changes have been made 64GUI will verify if this is what you want to do Note Changes are saved to the directory sysdir 64HDD is currently using If you want to save changes to the c 64hdd system then check the box before exit COPLIN 1999 2006 ex Command Prompt 64gui ort Fi ee a none Name Dat 2 Extention Siz EE K reverse order sul ul ditpeterses ort Cancel Enas Se eant ne ory and may not w ECD LAP Fannie Gag direct Spr nas FLUMMI S WORLD CO 1994 SUBSTANCE vi toie FR GaHDD DEMOF ILE rowse find file path or Load G064HDD ee eile i Ce All 2005_1 1 JPG 00 2A C D h Hh 86 FLUMMI S WOLD R c D71 b FLUMMI S DOX AUT PRG C 081 Time LUMMI S HIGH PRG D2M Date Ha rth 3006 A LETHAL COMBAT HI PRG T k Free Mem 273200 PRG LNX PRG Disk 97 03 FLUMMI S PRG Dirs W 90 WORLD PRG
163. tains TrueType fonts that may be used by the HTML based print engines The fonts need to be installed into your appropriate MS Windows folder see Windows Help on how to do this The fonts allow representation of Commodore s special characters on your Windows PC and thus allow you to print these to documents to modern day printers supported by the Windows platform The built in PrintWanager provides a convenient interface with which to re direct spooled print jobs ex Command Prompt 64gui The PrintWanager uses context sensitive action buttons ex Command Prompt 64gui COPLIN 1999 2006 64H rintManager ASCIID JOBO4001 TXT JOBSPOOL TRT HTML JOBSPOOL HTM MPS1200 gt Other gt JOBO4001 TXT acy ag JOBO4001 USR elete us lt SysInfo gt Exit Help use mouse tab csrs space or Alt HotKey rea J0B04001 USR JOBSPOOL USR vi 64HDD PrintManager ASCII gt JOBO4001 TRT JOBSPOOL TRT HTHL gt JOBSPOOL HTH HPS1200 gt Other gt JOBO4001 TRT JOBO4001 USR Delet Flush ketene ma ysInfo gt lt S Exit Help use mouse tab csrs space or Alt HotKey Reena 67 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Disk Access Command Reference Guide Directory and Disk Image Access Loading Loading and saving reading and writing from disk images and the native PC file system should be completely transparent to most C
164. ted and the size of paths specified Extra drives can be activated via the command channel once 64HDD is running To run the emulator either start the GO64HDD from within the installed directory or have the batch and EXE programs on the MSDOS PATH As noted above you should add the 64HDD directory to your MSDOS PATH Professional users should use PRO64HDD if they would like to take advantage of the functions made available by 64GUI and 64CONFIG COPLIN 1999 2006 7 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Accessing emulated disk drives If you have the emulator running on PC e g with device 8 activated you can load the directory as usual with LOAD S 8 This gives the directory of the device which may be a directory on the harddisk a disk image D64 D71 D81 D2M a tape image T64 or an archive created by the LYNX archiver LNX Loading works as usual too LOAD filename 8 To change the directories on the PC the directory loading command is slightly changed Wildcards will show files matching this pattern and will not work to change directories LOAD S 8 goes to the higher level PC directory LOAD S diri dir 8 change to absolute PC directory LOAD Sd 8 change PC drives LOAD d dir1l dir2 8 change PC drive and directory LOAD Sdirectory 8 changes the current PC directory LOAD Sdiskimage D64 8 attaches a diskimage in the current PC dir
165. that it can subsequently send the file independently of the type of disk it was read from If your system does not have enough XMS to support the creation of this cache the file will not be transferred and an error will be indicated Once buffered to cache the file will then be transferred using the loader previously downloaded to the Commodore Whilst the transfer takes place the 64HDD screen will look unchanged the PC doesn t have much free time but the borders on the Commodore screen will scroll indicating that the transfer is taking place The rate of the boarder scroll will depend upon the type of loader you have selected There are several variants of the X Loader each offering progressively faster transfer times During installation try the slowest first then progressively experiment COPLIN 1999 2006 35 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com with the faster ones until you identify that loads become unreliable The 64CONFIG program will allow you to set up these Option 64CONFIG Remark Default Installs FastLoader also as the X Loader XOLdr Slowest of the X Loaders X5Ldr Fastest of the X Loaders X6Ldr Faster still but screen blanked X7Ldr May not work with many PCs as they only get 2us to do their stuff Most programs will be compatible with the auto run file however some no doubt will not be 1 Files programmed or saved on a C1
166. the requests For this reason XMS extended memory is used to buffer the file for transfer directly from RAM it would not be possible to keep up with the Commodore if the file were to be read straight from the disk during the transmission Also different speed PCs respond at different rates and as such even the humble C64 can be too fast for some low specification PCs So how does the C64 know about the new transfer method A small 1 block auto run file is sent when a special load request is made This auto run file is specific to the Commodore model and so different files will be needed for each member of the Commodore family Two types of fast loaders can be requested The first works even on many i386 models however the maximum load rate comes with the second FastLoader designed for faster 64HDD systems The new load commands are compatible with older CBM type disk units as the prefix is ignored by them and translated to the equivalent of 0 filename Loader Name Command examples Remarks FastLoader LOAD F filename 9 1 Faster 386 eg 386DX40 or x4 improvement F filename X Loader LOAD X filename 9 1 Faster 486 eg 486DX33 or x6 x8 improvement X filename The FastLoad prefix can be extended to include path or partition details for example 6 X 7 filename When 64HDD receives the command it first sends the loader then buffers the requested file to 64HDD s XMS cache this is done so
167. the full path name of the utility and any associated input output files Additionally the batch file can set any local environmental variables e Remember the location of the MSD SEQ file is in partition 255 If 64HDD users have configured their system properly the partition number can be used as a universal way of locating the file COPLIN 1999 2006 74 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Error Channel Reading Command Reading the error channel Applicability W All MSDOS J D64 C D71 L D81 L D2M J T64 LNX Syntax See example Return format is err_number err_string err_track err_sector Examples Read error information on this device using INPUT 1 OPEN 1 11 15 INPUT 1 EN EMS ET ES PRINT EN EMS ET ES CLOSE 1 Read error information on this device using GET 1 10 OPEN 1 11 15 20 GET 1 A PRINT AS 30 IF ST lt gt 64 THEN 20 40 CLOSE 1 Errors Notes e Error information returned regardless of mode in which the emulator is operating in e Only last error flagged is return e Error may not be a fault but informational Error number will be set to 0 in this case or error 99 if emulator interrogated before error flag set e Errors 8x are new and indicate if error was a result of the 64HDD emulator not supporting the previous command channel request e Dependent Devices only respond with errors compatible with
168. the hassle of having to cursor to the end of the line to add the device number or delete the filetype EZ Load is activated by one of three ways e Prefix the directory request with EZ LOAD S EZ 9 e Suffix the directory request with EZ LOAD S EZ 9 e Make it default with the ez command line option EZ Load adds three features to the standard directory format e The filetype is changed to display the current device number for example PRG is replaced with 9 This is done automatically for all PRG files in all file modes LOADing a file or changing directories requires only the word LOAD to be typed at the start of the line e f LFN support has been installed all files with short names will have their Long File Name displayed on the following line e Optionally The X Loader or PwrLoad prefix is added for Professional users and the absolute LOAD suffix is added after the device number This functionality can only be set from the command line but can be toggled on and off by using the LOAD version of EZ Loader EZ Load basic functions EZ Load with X Loader Prefix enabled COPLIN 1999 2006 42 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Device Number Swapping Many C64 programs were written expecting there would only be one disk drive and that it would be numbered as device 8 Most users have a 1541 in addition to 64HDD As each device
169. to activate drive 9 Alternatively click the disk A B icons Within programs the DRIVE button should be visible Note to copy files between Drives A and Drive B using the Desk Top the disk names should be different this is a GEOS rule a foes se Example 3 64HDD drive is 9 D64 boot image fast load disk driver you want to have your REU available Start 64HDD on 9 attach the GEOS disk image Switch off your real 8 if possible Load and run GEO1541F REU When Desk Top finishes loading start CONFIGURE The 64HDD drive 9 B will be of type 1541 Select 10 C to be the same Then select drive 8 A aS RAM 1541 or RAM 1571 or RAM 1581 depending upon the size of your REU Then select the DMA option if you wish to use that access method Save Configuration Quit Use c A to activate drive 8 Use C B to activate drive 9 Alternatively click the disk A B icons A Ghosted C drive may exist ignore this Within programs the DRIVE button should be visible You REU can be used to store the Desk Top and other files regularly accessed oe ee A COPLIN 1999 2006 58 of 136 v0 7alpha8s 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Example 4 e 64HDD drive is 9 D64 boot image fast load disk driver e 64HDD drive as 8 also Switch off 8 or renumber it to either 10 or 11 Start 64HDD with 8 and 9 active Attach the GEOS disk image to drive you wish to boot from
170. tted disks Other freeware tools are available if you want to use only on FAT16 formatted disks If there are errors on the disk it is possible LFNSORT will pause waiting for a Y N response COPLIN 1999 2006 99 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e SORT function also available from the 64GUI but may not work if there is not enough free memory run 64GUI direct from MSDOS or use F9 rather than via the F1 key COPLIN 1999 2006 100 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com Partitions and Unit Support Shortcuts Both the Lt Kernal and CMD Hard Drives support the concept of multi unit support Originally Commodore used the unit number to differentiate the two drives in a dual disk system for example LOAD 0 TEST 11 for driveO and LOAD 1 TEST 11 for drivel These two third party hard drives however implemented the unit numbering system to call up a predefined number of partitions or what were effectively images of floppy disk software Both had disk units 0 through 255 available with 0 being the current image CMD uses unit 255 as the system partition 64HDD also supports partitioning in this regard but extends the concept further in a couple of ways 1 units 0 to 999 are available you should reserve units 900 999 for future usage if you wish them to be compatible 2 units can point to disk images or MSDOS directories
171. unctions will be added as concepts are defined COPLIN 1999 2006 130 of 136 v0 7alpha8 64HDD The CBM Drive Emulator www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com 64HDD File Systems Modes CBM Disk Images D64 D71 D81 e PRG SEQ USR GEOS SEQ and VLIR with 64HDD GEOS e 35 track D64 format images e 70 track D71 format images e 80 track D81 format images Error setting for T amp S error encoded disk images Read Write Direct Access Support Command Channel support REL not yet supported Refer to project specification sheet for intended capabilities CMD Disk Images D2M etc e PRG SEQ USR e 80 track D2M format images Error setting for T amp S error encoded disk images Read only at present Direct Access Support Command Channel support REL not yet supported Partitions and native directories not yet supported CMD Native Partitions not yet supported Refer to project specification sheet for intended capabilities CBM Tape Images T64 e Read only of directory track and PRG files for T64 format images e Nocommand channel support is planned Error 8x will always be returned Archive LNX e Read only of directory track and PRG files for LNX format images e No command channel support is planned Error 8x will always be returned e Built in decompression of ZIP archive to the MSDOS file system e C 64HDDPRO TEMP is used at the destination path e Anexternal MSDOS batch file is used to perform the decompression This
172. ve attached to the system can have a virtual map associated with it For the virtual map to be available the following conditions must be satisfied e Adisk image must be attached a T64 file or tape unit does not have a memory map Note the MSDOS system is also presently without a memory map e The specific ROM file must be available in the sysdir location Each disk image type has its own specific ROM A generic ROM is supplied with the 64HDD distribution as shown in the table Image Drive ROM filename Included in Type Type ZIP distribution D64 1541 DOS1541 ROM Yes D71 1571 DOS1571 ROM Yes D81 1581 DOS1581 ROM Yes D2M FD2000 DOS2000F ROM No e XMS must be available XMS is extended memory which is available in DOS only when a driver such HIMEM SYS is included in the config sys settings 64HDD assigns just over 64k of RAM for each device number attached to the 64HDD system Therefore if there are 8 possible devices 512kb of XMS is needed 64HDD will work without XMS but direct access commands will fail Every virtual map has a 64k linear memory layout ROM is implemented as write protected RAM in this 64k layout in the locations specific to the drive The rest of the space is allocated as RAM and presently simulation of the I O devices is not included Likewise the RAM contents in locations 0000 2FFF are not as yet fully simulated Direct Access Commands normally operate through
173. www 64hdd com ncoplin lycos com e Parallel cable support for high transfer rates no special driver or ROM needed for it to work simple LOAD e Neither the serial or parallel modes interfere with the cartridge port so you are free to use 64HDD in conjunction with an REU or cartridge e Compatible with the C64 C128 VIC20 C16 and Plus4 computers e Compatible with both NTSC and PAL systems e JiffyDOS tolerant and compatible with various disk and cartridge DOS wedge systems turbo functions should generally be switched off e EZ Loader feature allows automatic listing of device number at the end of the line for users who do not have a built in DOS wedge e GEOS Compatible with the appropriate 64HDD GEOS disk driver installed configured includes RTC support e Can be configured to various drive numbers and multiple drives simultaneously 8 through 15 e PC specification is minimal 886SX25 or higher MSDOS or equivalent To tolerate JiffyDOS reliably a slightly higher spec 386DX33 machine may be needed Disk Functions e Support for standard image types such as T64 D64 D71 D81 and LNX and also raw PRG SEQ USR files e Support for native mode providing unlimited file sizes and structures e Native mode files can support 16 3 character names without special headers format is Win95 compatible Directory listing and filtering using wildcards e Changing between directories via the command channel

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