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OptiSonde™ - GE Measurement & Control

1. cc E 5 Parameter Definition 4 E 5 Particulate Contaminants 3 6 Performance sir a ee nase cena ees A 1 Pressure Effects enne NG pie NE KANG RAS 3 8 KE EE iia B 1 Process Pressure Definition 2o iib el oe Wace Oe eas E 5 Programming OptiSonde 02 02 e eee 4 1 Index October 2007 Index cont S Sample Line Maintenance 3 8 Sampling Lines 2 12 2 13 Scaling Definition E 5 Sensor Mirror Cleaning and Balancing 5 1 EE 1 4 Balancing de eee ies UE eee do 3 5 Chilled Moar D 1 Cleaning the Mirror 5 1 Comparison Chat D 3 Connecting 00 cece eee eee 2 16 Dew Point yeaah ced cae eras 1 4 Heat Transfer 2 12 Information 2 11 Installation a 2 11 2 14 Maintenance a 5 1 5 5 Model RK KR WEE 2 14 Model 2H ae 2 15 Model D 2 15 Pressure psico pes ais 1 4 Replacing Mirrors 5 5 Temperature 1 4 Serial Outputs Troubleshooting o ooo oo 5 9 MINE ain d hows ba aes EU S 2 10 Service Required 0000000 ee 5 7 Set Point Alarm 2 9 Specifications Functional A 2 Optional Accessories A 3 Performance 0 2 2 0 eee eee A 1 Physical Benchtop A 3 Physical Wall Mount A 3 Status Line Indications 3 3 Supercooled Dew Points 3 6 System Components cece
2. 2 16 Installation Chapter 3 Operation Introd ction cocer rre ta the hh y eme ee OWE NWR DENS 3 1 Normal Operation ou eco hh Kb xS NG D a Re E 3 1 Operating the OptiSonde cece eee cece ee eee eens 3 2 Status Line Indications cuca 3 3 SEU lei usina A 3 5 Helpful Hints For Operating the Unit oooooooooooo o 3 5 October 2007 Introduction Normal Operation Operating instructions fall into three categories Normal Operation Using the unit s controls Setup and Programming Customizing the unit for specialized applications not required for many conventional applications Note The unit is shipped pre programmed to meet typical requirements The factory default settings are listed in Table 3 2 on page 3 4 Complete programming instructions are given in Chapter 4 Maintenance Manually testing the unit s cooling capacity cleaning the mirror and other operations that might be required on a regular basis or when a problem is suspected depending on the application Details are given in Chapter 5 Maintenance Normal operation of the OptiSonde is very simple First apply power to the wall mount unit For the benchtop unit switch the main power switch on the rear to ON I The OptiSonde begins its power up sequence which lasts about a minute The unit s software version is displayed on the initial screen Initializing Next the OptiSonde performs an AUTO or a PACE
3. To use PanaView to log data refer to the PanaView User 5 Guide To create OptiSonde logs complete the steps below 1 From the Main Menu enter Logs 2 Enter Select and enter either File for a log stored on the internal SD card or Comm for a log stored on the PC Press ENT The current selection is part of the Logging menu header OptiSonde can run two logs at any one time one for the SD card and one for the PC The two logs can measure different parameters To switch between the logs return to Select and enter either File or Comm If you start another log on either File or Comm OptiSonde automatically closes the previous log 3 To enter logging parameters enter Units You can select any combination of the units available in Table 4 2 on page 4 3 for up to eight units Press ENT to confirm your selections 4 To select the logging interval enter Interval You can then enter the output interval in seconds up to 86400 Press ENT 5 To select the output format enter Format You can then choose from three output formats x Will display as TdewC 12 345 RO will display as 12 345 TdewC HA will display as 12 345 6 To select the field separator enter FieldSep You can then choose from CR LF Comma and Tab 7 You can now start the log To start a new internal File log with these parameters enter Manage gt New Log gt Start OptiSonde begins to log data The log name is always the cur
4. Electronics ee 1 2 ele EE 1 2 Input Output AAA A a een e 1 3 ie CT APA A NI A A trees Medus 1 3 System Components Ls EE 1 3 Se EE 1 4 DewPolnt Sensors A IS A E NEN A ee 1 4 Temperature Senso sec armas ra sintas an 1 4 Chapter 2 Installation Aa APP 2 1 Eeselen ele 2 1 MOUMTIAG the Benchtop EE 2 1 Wiring the BerichitoDa EE 2 1 Wall Mount InstallatiOm iss oov o oet 34 dow EPI AE as 2 3 Installing the Wal MOBPBE maa e E away mka aan ER RES tees CREER esas eset 2 3 Witthig the WallsMOBrt cer te RR Cate E Fea Ibat ERR baa cto tera 2 4 INPUT POWER ve ate MEET El ARTE e pu genie e M SE e 2 6 UTI NATATANGAP a e oda da a ae EEEPTE RE 2 7 AO e APA 2 8 AS e E etek AE e E a E EAE 2 8 a AA AA pe ARTE 2 10 SEASON ITN PLA AA AS AR 2 11 Sampling ONES EN hat ae Sei E ast atc AA ace 2 12 Ens ring Heat EAM do cane toe bra bras 2 12 Filter Reg irementS AA 2 13 SE 2 14 Sensorial o e e e a do e OL 2 14 MO SENSOR e e cidad at aed 2 14 Model D 2 E 2 15 Mode 12 1 SENSOR li ia 2 15 CONE CHAD ne CS ORG dia Mio 2 16 October 2007 A qp o o o Table of Contents cont Chapter 3 Operation A EE 3 1 Normal OBSECITOEE ais on roda cute ae einen ie dl 3 1 Obperathothe DDIUSODez oes o td EE 3 2 Status ie ler e 3 3 Factory Default Settings s Select es el eet E E AG 3 4 Sensor Balarellid c Gano DR Ok re LG Rat ee NG re BIG ee cd ee EtG UA 3 5 Helpful Hints For Operating the Unit et dd eG do 3 5 Superconica DEW EE 3 6 CONTAMINADA E
5. Service Appears on the STATUS Display Line The procedures in this section effectively test and or calibrate the following aspects of the OptiSonde Startup and power supply voltage Normal sensor operation Front panel display Digital and analog outputs The unit has been completely tested and calibrated at the factory and is ready to plug in and operate As shipped it meets all of our published specifications When ordered as a complete hygrometer system with a chilled mirror sensor and cable it is verified at a number of points against a dew point system that has been certified by the U S National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST A Certificate of Compliance is supplied with the unit to indicate traceability 1 On the benchtop model check the POWER switch on the rear panel Make sure it s ON 2 Check the line cord Make sure both ends are plugged in and that it is plugged into a proper source of AC voltage 3 Check the power supply Make sure it is connected and has the proper output voltage 4 Check the fuse Make sure the proper fuse size is installed Make sure the fuse is not open The text Service Req displayed on the STATUS line means service is required The most frequent problem requiring service is that the mirror surface is contaminated and should be cleaned Clean and balance the sensor mirror refer to Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics on page 5 1 Next run the instrument
6. such as metal which tends to remain at the ambient temperature If possible do not operate the sensor continuously at or near full depression Doing so may decrease the anticipated life of the thermoelectric heat pump 2 12 Installation October 2007 Ensuring Heat Transfer cont Sample Lines for High Dew Point Measurements Filter Requirements When measuring dew points at or above the ambient temperature the sensor must be heated to a temperature of at least 5 to 10 C above the highest anticipated dew point but not higher than the sensor temperature rating Some sensors can be mounted on a liquid heat exchanger or a temperature controlled electric hot plate or installed in a heated enclosure GE Sensing recommends closed loop active control of the elevated sensor body temperature The sensor base should be coated with zinc oxide filled silicone thermal grease and securely anchored to the heat sink with suitable fasteners Allow hour for the sensor to reach thermal equilibrium after adjusting the temperature of the heat sink Sampling lines carrying gas to the sensor must be heated and insulated when the dew point of the gas is above the sample line s ambient temperature The simplest way to achieve this is to use heater tape either thermostatically controlled or continuously operating and sized to provide the required temperature rise At high temperatures use stainless steel tubing with adequate insulation
7. 2 6 on page 2 5 Cabling is brought in through the glands on the bottom of the unit and wired to the terminal blocks shown in Figure 2 8 below Terminal block screws must be torqued between 0 4 0 5 Nm Note Output programming is described in Chapter 4 TEMP SENSOR PIN WIRE COLORS d RED 2 WHITE E GREEN 4 BLACK 5 SHIELD NOTE CUSTOMER MUST INSTALL SUPPLIED FERRITE P N 222 028 OVER THE END OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR ON LOCAL AND REMOTE EARTH GROUND CONNECTION RELAY PIN 1 NO 2 NC 3 COMM ANALOG INPUTS PIN 1 OUTA S SHIELD 2 OUTA 3 OUTB 4 OUTB FERRITE A C POWER Figure 2 8 Wall Mount Input Output Terminal Blocks Installation 2 7 October 2007 EET Analog Outputs Note When the OptiSonde is being programmed the analog outputs provide 4 20 mA signals representing the designated parameters For 4 20mA output connect to terminals labelled 4 20 and RTN Note The maximum load allowed for current output is 500 Ohms Example Assume a temperature output scaled to range from 0 C Tiower to 100 C Tupper with a measured actual temperature of 23 C Tactua1 The current output is calculated by T T lout actual sep x 20 4 4 2 1 upper lower yielding an output current of 7 68 mA 23 0 S 100 9 19 4 7 68mA 2 2 Alarm Outputs The alarm output connects to the contacts of a 7 Amp Form C SPDT relay
8. Use the four arrow keys to select the desired function Select Function HEAT PACER AUTO COOL y Figure 3 2 Function Control Screen 3 2 Operation October 2007 Status Line Indications The status line at the top of the display shows whether the unit is ready for normal operation or is still in its start up phase or needs service The following is a complete list of status indications Table 3 1 Status Indications EI Initializing The unit is initializing Acquiring The unit is acquiring stable mirror temperature The sensor optics require service cleaning or Service Req adjustment Tracking The unit is responding to a changing dew point The unit is actively controlling the mirror Control temperature at a stable dew point Alarm The alarm has been activated Auto Cycle The Auto Cycle cleaning and balancing cycle is active PACER The PACER cleaning and balancing cycle is active Heating Sensor Heating is active Cooling Sensor Cooling is active Flooded The sensor detected a major upset and attempts to remove excess water located at bottom center of display Operation 3 3 October 2007 Factory Default Settings As shipped from the factory the OptiSonde is normally programmed with the configuration shown in Table 3 2 below Table 3 2 Factory Default Values Analog Output A Humidity Units Tdew C Range 40 C to 6
9. dew points and moderate depressions it is typically 1 5 C second At lower dew points and or larger depressions the slew rate is slower Flow rate affects response by determining the rate at which water vapor is supplied or carried off There is of course a trade off between response time control system stability and sensitivity to contamination Operation 3 5 October 2007 A A o_o EEEE E Ey Supercooled Dew Points Slightly below the freezing point water can exist in a supercooled liquid state for extended periods of time Extra care may be needed when making measurements in the frost point region of 0 to 20 C because the mirror temperature may temporarily stabilize at the supercooled dew point 0 5 to 1 C below the actual frost point To assure that the unit is operating in the ice phase within this temperature range allow the instrument to operate continuously Before manually clearing a frost layer take a reading and afterwards allow sufficient time to reform a stable frost layer before taking further readings The D2 has a viewport to enable viewing the mirror surface Contamination Mirror Cleanliness Proper operation of a condensation hygrometer depends on the condition of the mirror surface In general accuracy is reduced when contaminants accumulate on the mirror However the mirror does not have to be microscopically clean In fact the mirror performs best a few hours after cleaning when nucleation si
10. eee 1 3 T BK LEE 5 7 Troubleshooting 5 7 Balance on Display 5 9 Service Required 0000005 5 7 Incorrect Dew Point Display 5 8 No Analog Output a 5 9 No Display 5 7 No Serial Oumut a 5 9 V Vapor Pressure B 1 W Wall Mount Installations ssa nipa i 2 3 Specifications 0 0 0 0 cece aes A 3 Wiring Input Power 2 6 Wiring Outputs ees 2 7 Water Soluble Contaminants 3 7 Wiring Alarm Outputs e 2 8 Analog Oummuts a 2 8 IER UE 2 7 Serial Output e 2 10 Wall Mount 2 4 Index USA 1100 Technology Park Drive Billerica MA 01821 4111 Web www gesensing com Ireland Sensing House Shannon Free Zone East Shannon County Clare
11. four arrow keys to the right of the display screen Note units are inches mm Figure 1 2 OptiSonde Benchtop Version 1 2 Features and Capabilities October 2007 Input Output Capability Available inputs and outputs include the following e 1111H 1111H GE D2 or 1211H chilled mirror sensor input 4 wire Resistance Temperature Detector RTD input two simultaneous analog outputs each with a programmable 0 20 mA or 4 20 mA DC signal one independent alarm relay 7 A 30 VDC RS 232 serial communications port The OptiSonde uses the GE Sensing patented Programmable Automatic Contaminant Error Reduction PACER system for automated self cleaning and optics rebalancing Detailed specifications for the OptiSonde are given in Appendix A The System System Components A complete OptiSonde system consists of the following items Electronic monitor Temperature sensor Dew point sensor Maintenance kit Interconnecting sensor cable User s Manual e AC line cord for benchtop Certification that the unit is traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology Certificate of Conformance Features and Capabilities 1 3 October 2007 Sensors The OptiSonde is configured with a chilled mirror dew point sensor The specific sensor is chosen according to the expected dew point range and the environment in which the dew point is to be determined In addition the OptiSonde is su
12. material used for the inlet lines can have an important effect on the validity of the readings Do not use rubber hose or plastic tubing such as PVC or Tygon because of their hygroscopic nature When measuring frost points below 30 C sample gas leaving the sensor outlet should be vented through a coil approximately two feet long since backflow of ambient moisture into the sensor can take place even under positive pressure Use stainless steel tubing and fittings and ensure that all plumbing is completely free from leaks Stainless steel is the material of choice The sampling system should allow for periodic cleaning It may be helpful to install a tee and closing valve on the inlet side to permit the sensor to be shut off while the sampling lines are flushed At very low humidities even a trace amount of contamination can alter measured frost point so cleanliness is particularly important Ensuring Heat Transfer Be sure the sensor has an adequate heat sink when operating in hot environments The sensor must never be allowed to reach a temperature above its rated limit It is not sufficient merely to ensure that the sensor is in an environment whose temperature is below the rated limit a means must be supplied to remove heat from the sensor When the Model 1111H 1211H or D 2 sensors are used at ambient temperatures of 20 to 24 C full rated depression can be achieved by mounting the sensor on a smooth thermally conductive surface
13. 0 C Analog Output B Temperature Units Tmp C Range O to 100 C Alarm Disabled Humidity Units Tdew C Set Point Upper 0 000 Lower 0 000 Auto Balance Interval Daily at 12 00 noon Auto Cycle Enabled Data Field 1 Humidity Units Tdew C Data Field 2 Temperature Units Tmp C Dry bulb Sound On Gas Molecular Weight of Gas 28 9645 typical for air Communication Baud rate 38 400 Parameters Humidity Units Tdew C Humidity Units RH Temperature Units Tmp C Serial Outputs Status Stopped Interval 60 second Separator tab Parameters Td C Ta C Data Log COMM RH Flags enabled Status None Stopped Interval 60 second Separator tab Parameters Td C Ta C RH Flags enabled Data Log FILE 101 325 kPa typical atmospheric pressure sea level A status flag gives an indication via the RS 232 interface of the OptiSonde status such as Control and PACER as well as the state of the alarm ALARM or 3 4 Operation October 2007 E Sensor Balancing During normal operation the sensor mirror surface may become partially obscured with salts or other contaminants from the sample gas The balance indicator displayed on the screen shows whether the system is operating near the center of its normal range or has been forced away from the center by mirror contamination In general it is recommended to start with an AUTO bal
14. 7 ui eee Analog Outputs Table 4 3 Analog Output Options Setting Description Available Options Choose which output channel you will program A or B Choose the units for scaling the parameteron See Table 4 2 on the previous page for the selected channel the available units Choose the type of output 4 20 mA 0 20 mA Set the parameter value that will produce full scale output span for the selected channel ODER Set the parameter value that will produce zero output for the selected channel Enter a number Determine how to handle analog output Track transmits actual temperature of the mirror Hold transmits the last prevailing dew point before balance cycle Set the parameter value to test the output Enter a number as a percent of scale channel for proper operation Set values in zero and span to compensate for Enter a number variation in outputs Trimming the Output 1 Attach a precision DVM digital voltmeter or mA calibrator to the 4 20 mA output 2 Select RESET TRIM The options available are TRIM ZERO and TRIM SPAN Select TRIM ZERO The output changes to 4 00 mA Enter the actual value as read from the DVM calibrator Select TRIM SPAN The output changes to 20 00 mA Enter the actual value as read from the DVM calibrator zl OD un A U Exit the TRIM setting You have completed output calibration 4 4 Programming the OptiSonde October 2007 il
15. Alarms For more information on using the alarms see Alarm Outputs on page 2 8 Table 4 4 Alarm Options Setting Description Available Options Enable or disable the alarm Off On Set the units for the parameter See Table 4 2 on page 4 3 Set the type of condition that will Set Point Inner Band Outer Band activate the alarm Control Service PACER The maximum alarm value Enter a number The minimum alarm value Enter a number Determine how to handle alarm Track responds to actual temperature of the mirror Hold responds to the last prevailing dew point before balance cycle The Upper and Lower limits set the alarm thresholds Alarm types are listed below see details on page 2 8 SetPoint Alarm activates when parameter exceeds upper limit deactivates when parameter is less than lower limit Inner Band Alarm activates when parameter is between upper and lower limits Outer band Alarm activates when parameter is outside upper and lower limits Control Alarm activates when the OptiSonde is actively controlling mirror temperature Service Alarm activates when the Service indicator is activated PACER Alarm activates when the PACER or AUTO balance is active Programming the OptiSonde 4 5 October 2007 Logging OptiSonde Data Logging OptiSonde data requires use of either the supplied secure digital SD card installed internally or GE Sensing s PanaView program
16. Balancing the Sensor Mirror When necessary use the procedure below to clean and balance the sensor mirror To clean the mirror you will require the MSK 2 Maintenance Kit which includes essential supplies Cotton swabs Screwdriver or hex driver for some sensors Cleaning solution From the OptiSonde analyzer press the ENT key The Select Function window appears Press the up arrow key to reach HEAT Allow the dew point temperature mirror temperature to attain the maximum value To clean the mirror a Remove the cap or open the cover of the chilled mirror sensor b Put one drop of cleaning solution on a cotton swab c Gently rub the cotton swab on the mirror in a circular motion spiral outwards to clean the mirror d Use a dry swab to dry and buff the mirror The mirror should be bright and shiny e Discard the used swabs IMPORTANT Jf the contamination is severe then solvents such as alcohol acetone or hexane may be used followed by a rinse of the cleaning solution then distilled water Be sure to dry and buff the mirror with a dry swab 4 Observe the balance indicator For a dry clean balanced mirror the bar should be at the midpoint of the scale as shown in Figure 5 2a below A wet mirror will have a bar similar to Figure 5 2b and a mirror requiring bias adjustment will appear similar to Figure 5 2c below Adjust the bias screw to move the gray block as close as possible to the solid c
17. E 3 6 Mirror FIGOGING AAA RS DE qr o Dn Le vi ede 3 8 sample Bunter EE 3 8 Pressure AA A 3 8 Chapter 4 Programming the OptiSonde Introducti idad 4 1 Programming Technique EE 4 2 Programmable FUNCTIONS ct sa x elus caste Teste bea EA texto la p ers tet ie Ea pe fatis a fs 4 5 EE seta A RL RR 0 do OG o A qu aa E 4 3 eege EE E 4 4 ABS EE 4 5 togging OptiSonde DOI ora OAK PP AA tues ae tele cet iL terial Gi 4 6 EE en Sota tls CS ie fi EE 4 9 Automatic Cleaning and Balance Function E 4 10 SERVICES OPTIONS EE EE EE 4 12 See AA OR 4 12 tockingthe System AA had escis ct nest 4 12 vi October 2007 ll Table of Contents cont Chapter 5 Maintenance Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics eene Ee 5 1 Cleaning and Balancing the Sensor MINORS usc ncc ee deacon AE A hie a 5 1 Procedure for Cleaning and Balancing the Sensor More 5 2 Field Replacement OF Sensor Mirrors cora A ole a dete etia bot A an uk Cat th 5 5 Replacing the Sensor MIRO S uS occi uir a Apna ba oo oe le ds Cre scs 5 6 ek Glen E GE VETEREM ee E 5 7 de Te gl ET EE 5 7 The Display Doesnt LIGA Hl ess ae cr ELSE oe IVANA IR Oe egy BOR ee geg 5 7 Service Appears on the STATUS Display Une 5 7 Incorrect Dew Point DISpIQV a bep seed EE 5 8 Balance Remains on the Status Une 5 9 Nonalog TEE 5 9 NG Se NGO GEN 5 9 Appendix A Specifications PEO MINS AAP AN Adi A 1 ACCULOCY AA RR ETE A 1 Measurement RANGES EE ane EE NLANG tae AEN aia dada Pha kas A 1 Response
18. EE A 1 Update TEE A 1 Ee E EE EE A 2 AAOS EE A 2 Operating Oe nie EE A 2 PINS GON Beh Neie EE A 3 Physical Wall el EE A 3 o He A 3 Appendix B Humidity Equations and Conversion Chart aide Et EEN Viele e EE B 1 A RS DDR TEE NEST SR OA B 2 Appendix C Configuring the Serial Interface NANI EES C 1 vii October 2007 ee Table of Contents cont Appendix D Chilled Mirror Sensors ider WEI e ir Sen ae TERME TS D 1 DEPRESSION ng Kang m D 1 Measurementrange eA al cats e an aala Bayan alab alas AC D 2 Compara Bang er TE D 3 Appendix E Theory of Operation and Glossary MTSE OT OST AON eit ace E Ei esas tena E 1 Hygrometer FUMCHON ime Cp a ha che Ks E 1 Hygrometer Calibration ito rabo cn eebe Ae E 2 Other Hygrometer Applications ue sere irte aaa el Age Ae E 3 The PACER EE E 4 SOS SON ba as A a ce A RU ee E 5 vill Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities INTRODUCTION alada 1 1 Electronics Enclosure 1 2 The Sustelm o ies ee eth Hos que AM A ue OMNE Rue ai 1 3 SONSOMS eebe dr ette ete Ee 1 4 October 2007 Introduction The GE Sensing OptiSonde is a multi purpose chilled mirror hygrometer suitable for use in a wide variety of applications The OptiSonde can function with the GE Sensing one and two stage chilled mirror sensors to provide the following measurement ranges depending on the sensor selected e one stage 45 depression 25 C and 1 ATM two stage 65 depression 25 C and 1 AT
19. Effects 3 8 a CM di M MIO F Calbranon a E 2 Mirror Cleanliness 3 6 Dj E2 Particulate Mater 3 6 F pud DNE ag GN tary E SCH Water Soluble Contaminants 3 7 EE Index October 2007 Index cont Inner Band Alarm 0 000005 2 9 puts a Paes tei ana os 1 3 Installation Benchtop aa 2 1 Sampling Les 2 12 Sensor E a Mic 2 14 Wall Mount 2 3 Wall Mount Wirld8 o o oooo o 2 4 L Logging Daa 4 6 M Maintenance Calibration ce aces acarvin reve 5 7 Cleaning the Sensor Mirror 5 1 Replacing Sensor Mirrors 5 5 Sample Line o ooooooomomoo o 3 8 Sensor Optics aan 5 1 Testihg 3 n sd b ERE PRTG 5 7 Troubleshooting o o oooo o 5 7 Measurement Range oer shirk ek Sdt eoe D 2 Ranges va uc due da ev des 1 1 Mirror Cleaning a 5 1 Flooding rra os 3 8 Mirror Cleaning and Balancing 5 1 O Operation Helpful Hints a 3 5 Noa iio 3 1 Op Sonde 3 2 Theory Of inea oerte br Pup a o E 1 OptiSonde EN Ern CEET 4 5 Analog Outputs a 4 3 Communication Parameters 4 8 Display Sereen ann 3 2 Operation ei sss ees 3 2 Programmable Functions 4 3 Programming an 4 1 OptiSonde Sensor Comparison D 3 Outer Band Alam cc 2 10 OUtputs uso sepe Go cia Kee ec 1 3 p PACER Cycle Auger po pr SAC ERAT E 4 Definition
20. GE Sensing OptiSonde General Eastern Chilled Mirror Hygrometer User s Manual GE Sensing OptiSonde General Eastern Chilled Mirror Hygrometer User s Manual 910 282A GE October 2007 OptiSonde is a General Eastern Instruments product General Eastern Instruments has joined other GE high technology sensing businesses under a new name GE Sensing October 2007 Warranty Each instrument manufactured by GE Sensing is warranted to be free from defects in material and workmanship Liability under this warranty is limited to restoring the instrument to normal operation or replacing the instrument at the sole discretion of GE Sensing Fuses and batteries are specifically excluded from any liability This warranty is effective from the date of delivery to the original purchaser If GE Sensing determines that the equipment was defective the warranty period is one year for general electronic failures of the instrument one year for mechanical failures of the sensor If GE Sensing determines that the equipment was damaged by misuse improper installation the use of unauthorized replacement parts or operating conditions outside the guidelines specified by GE Sensing the repairs are not covered under this warranty The warranties set forth herein are exclusive and are in lieu of all other warranties whether statutory express or implied including warranties of merchantability and fitness for a part
21. Hygrometer Many GE Sensing chilled mirror hygrometers are used in industrial Applications applications in addition to metrology The OptiSonde condensation hygrometer is not readily damaged or contaminated by industrial process gases that can degrade other secondary measurement schemes such as saturated salt and polymer based sensors If the sensor or sampling components should become contaminated with oils salts etc they can be cleaned without harm to the sensor or impairment to the system accuracy The performance of the hygrometer can be checked at any time by heating the mirror above the dew point causing the dew deposit to evaporate then reclosing the servoloop and checking to see that the system cools and returns to the same dew point The GE Sensing OptiSonde condensation sensors cover a wide range of applications limited only by the heat pumping capabilities of the thermoelectrically cooled mirror At high dew points up to 100 C the sensor is limited by the thermal properties of the solid state OptiSonde components as well as the thermoelectric heat pump capacity In a typical application measuring sub ambient dew points a two stage thermoelectrically cooled mirror can reach a temperature approximately 65 C lower than an ambient heat sink temperature of 25 C The thermoelectric cooler pumps heat from the mirror into the heat sink By reducing the temperature of the heat sink even lower dew points can be measured In mete
22. M depending on sensor as shown in Figure 1 1 below relative humidity from 0 02 to 100 moisture content from 0 9 ppm to over 5 8 x 10 ppm temperature from 100 to 100 C 148 F to 212 F Dewfirost Pont Tempercture PC DewArost Point Tempercture MC 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 25 SO 75 100 Sensor Body Temperature MC Sensor Body Tempercture CO a b o amp H E amp E 50 25 0 25 50 75 100 Sensor Body Tenpercture PO c Figure 1 1 Mirror Depressions at Various Temperatures for 1111H a D2 b and 1211H c Sensors Features and Capabilities 1 1 October 2007 ee G Introduction cont The OptiSonde simultaneously measures and displays any two parameters with a wide variety of units of measurement You can use the data logging function to record and upload weeks of data When the data is uploaded to a PC PanaView software enables graphing and data reduction You can also export the data in ASCII text file format for use in spreadsheets such as Excel or view screen captures in HyperTerminal Electronics Enclosure The OptiSonde is available in two configurations abenchtop model AC powered with DC option a wall mount unit housed in an IP65 enclosure See Chapter 2 nstallation for details on how to mount the OptiSonde Front Panel The OptiSonde s front panel is shown in Figure 1 2 below The panel includes a 128 X 64 graphical display ENTER and ESC keys and
23. Make connections as follows For normally open contacts connect to NO and COMM For normally closed contacts connect to NC and COMM Any available parameter can be used to control an alarm relay by programming the parameter name and its threshold values An alarm can also be programmed to monitor the state of the Control PACER Balance or Service indicators See Chapter 4 for programming instructions Two threshold values are programmed for each parameter an upper and a lower value These values designate an alarm band How they are used depends on the alarm type programmed Details of the alarm bands are shown on the following pages 2 8 Installation October 2007 Set Point Alarm For the Set Point alarm type the alarm band provides hysteresis to prevent frequent operation of the alarm relay when the parameter is near the specified value The relay is activated when the parameter exceeds the upper limit and deactivated when the parameter goes below the lower limit Alarm Alarm Deactivated Activated Deactivated Activated UPPER edge of band _ 5 2 o E S Ae d a LOWER edge of band NO contacts NC contacts NO contacts closed closed Figure 2 9 Set Point Alarm Inner Band Alarm For the Inner Band alarm type the alarm relay activates whenever the parameter value is between the lower and upper limits Alarm Alarm Alarm Deactivated Activated Deactivated
24. Point Set Point Alarm 2 9 Sampling LineS oooooo 2 13 Wiring 2 acto dev ies Mites bai 2 8 Supercooled 20 a 3 6 Alarms Display OptiSonde cc 4 5 Balance Displayed 5 9 Analog Outputs Incorrect Dew Point 5 8 Op Sonde 4 3 Troubleshooting 5 7 Troubleshooting o ooo oo 5 9 WAITING tege eaa ha a et RP red 2 8 E Automatic Cleaning and Balancing Electronics Enclosure OptiSonde 22 622 eee ee 4 10 Bone bua tena Owe tee t den 1 2 Wall Mount 1 2 B Enclosure Balancing a Sensor 3 5 Benchtop Installation 2 1 Balancing Automatic Benchtop Wiring o oo 2 1 OptiSonde 0 0 eee eee eee 4 10 Benchtop F Specifications 6 sees eee eee SD NER NE 2 13 Wiring Input Tower ENEE 2 14 Wiring ups 2 7 Functional Specifications A 2 Wiring Sensors 2 2 G C PAA Gaseous Contaminants 3 7 Calibration ccc Basa carn gt er ES 5 7 e EE E 5 Chilled Mirror Sensor Comparison Chant D 3 H Chilled Mirror Sensors D 1 d Humidity Cleaning Sensor Mirror 5 1 Conversion Chart B 3 Cleaning Automatic Equations B 2 Opt Sonde 4 10 BORA Symbols ates tue oye ei B 1 Communication Parameters s gt Humidity Equations Op Sonde 4 8 M Vapor Pressure B 1 Contamination H f Gaseous Contaminants 3 7 e Ng E3 Minimizing the
25. Point Sensors Temperature Pressure Electronics Temperature Relative Humidity Two linear simultaneous parameters 0 4 20 mA isolated with 250Q or 500Q maximum load resistance RS 232 Form C SPDT 7 A 30 VDC resistive load 128 X 64 pixel monochrome LCD 100 240 VAC 10 50 60 Hz 18 minimum 32 maximum VDC benchtop only on special order e 1111H 15 to 80 C e D2 25 to 85 C e 1211H 15 to 100 C 1111H 200 psig max D2 150 psig max 1211H 300 psig max 10 C to 60 C 14 F to 140 F 85 maximum A 2 Specifications October 2007 Physical Bench Mount Dimensions Weight Environmental Physical Wall Mount Dimensions Weight Environmental Optional Accessories PTFE GE FM 1 BF12SS 3 7 H x 8 0 W x 8 8 D 9 4 cm x 20 3 cm x 22 4 cm 3 Ib 1 4 kg IP 20 10 48 H x 8 2 W x 4 5 D 26 6 cm x 20 8 cm x 11 4 cm 5 3 Ib 2 4 kg IP 65 Filter for 1111H GE PTFE Rotameter Inline filter Specifications subject to change without notice Specifications A 3 Appendix B Humidity Equations and Conversion Chart Introd ction seg bea e A A OER V por EE Humidity e AA October 2007 Introduction Vapor Pressure The following symbols appear in the equations below Vapor Pressure millibars Vapor Pressure with respect to ice millibars Vapor Pressure with respect to water millibars Saturation vapor pressure ice
26. R balance The PACER balance typically requires five to fifteen minutes depending on the sensor chosen and the humidity of the sample gas during the balance cycle AUTO CYCLE or PACER appears on the status line Once the balance cycle is completed the unit displays Acquiring until it reaches steady state The word Control appears on the status bar at the top of the screen The sensor can be controlled using the keys to the right of the display shown on the screen below The operator can manually heat or cool the sensor or initiate a PACER balance cycle To control the sensor press the ENT key If the OptiSonde keys are locked press the ESC key followed by the ENT key and then press the ESC key again Operation 3 1 October 2007 Operating the OptiSonde The parameters chosen during programming are displayed numerically in the middle of the screen For programming see Chapter 4 A typical OptiSonde display screen is shown in Figure 3 1 below The system status and heating cooling indicator small arrow are shown in the upper right and the balance indicator is shown in the lower left Menu x Auto Cycle a Embar 6 0179 Figure 3 1 Typical OptiSonde Display Screen To control the sensor press the ENT key If the OptiSonde keys are locked press the ESC key followed by the ENT key and then press the ESC key again The Function Control screen appears as shown in Figure 3 2 below
27. TION SUPPLY VOLTAGE 1 L LINE POWER CONNECTION 100 240VAC 2 N NEUTRAL CONNECTION EARTH GROUND CONNECTION ANALOG INPUTS PIN a N CHASSIS GROUND 1 OUTA La Y SHIELD 2 OUTA E 3 OUTB 4 OUTB FERRITE AIC POWER LOCAL SHOWN COVER ASSEMBLY NOT SHOWN Figure 2 6 Wall Mount Wiring Entrance Locations Installation 2 5 October 2007 Input Power Power wiring enters the case through a gland fitting at the lower right of the unit and connects to a screw terminal block mounted on the right side of the case The voltage frequency and power ratings are listed on the bottom of the unit Wiring of this terminal block is shown in Figure 2 7 below The external ground screw must connect the unit to protective earth using a wire that is sized equal to or great then the wire used for input power connections Grounding should be done in accordance with local codes A C POWER TERMINAL BLOCK PIN DESCRIPTION SUPPLY VOLTAGE Lok LINE POWER CONNECTION 100 240VAC 2 N NEUTRAL CONNECTION Figure 2 7 Wall Mount AC Power Wiring 2 6 Installation October 2007 Output Wiring The benchtop outputs are connected to removable terminal blocks on the rear panel Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 shows the location of the benchtop terminal blocks and Figure 2 8 below shows the wall mount connections The Wall Mount OptiSonde input output terminal blocks are located inside the front door as shown in Figure
28. UPPER edge of band Parameter LOWER edge of band ND contacts NC contacts closed closed Figure 2 10 Inner Band Alarm Installation 2 9 October 2007 A oo o Outer Band Alarm For the Outer Band alarm the alarm relay activates whenever the parameter value is greater than the upper limit or less than the lower limit Alarm Alarm Alarm Activated Deactivated Activated UPPER edge of band 5 2 o E o LA S o LOWER edge of band NC contacts NO contacts closed closed Figure 2 11 Outer Band Alarm Serial Output The Serial Output connector is located on the rear panel of the benchtop unit see Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 and inside the wall mount unit Figure 2 6 on page 2 5 The output provides RS 232C serial communications between the unit and a terminal or a PC running in terminal emulation mode The benchtop connector is a standard 9 pin D comnector For connection to a serial device the wallmount cable is wired as shown in Figure 2 8 on page 2 7 The baud rate can be programmed using the Comms menu see page 4 10 The data format is 8 bits 1 stop bit no parity 2 10 Installation October 2007 _ x E ooo ooo 2 XJ Sensor Information GE Sensing produces a variety of sensors compatible with the OptiSonde ranging from one to two stages of thermoelectric cooling A comparison chart listing specifications of each sensor appears in Appendix D The following s
29. When current is supplied to the Peltier device heat is pumped from the mirror block to the sensor body where it is dissipated With full cooling current the mirror block will eventually cool to its minimum temperature The difference between the temperatures of the mirror block and the sensor body when the mirror block is at this minimum temperature is defined as the depression capability of the sensor Depression capability is a function of how many stages the Peltier device has stacked in series Thus a two stage sensor typically has 60 C to 65 C 108 F to 117 F of depression capability and can measure lower dew frost points than a one stage sensor which has 45 C 81 F of depression capability Depression is normally specified at 25 C 77 F ambient temperature As ambient temperature and therefore sensor body temperature is decreased depression capability also decreases due to the drop off in efficiency of the thermoelectric cooler Therefore there are limitations to using liquid cooled sensors to increase low end measurement range At nominal dew frost points approximately one third of the additional cooling is lost due to cooler inefficiency and does not result in additional measurement range At low dew frost points as much as one half may be lost As ambient temperature is increased depression capability increases resulting in a wider measurement range Chilled Mirror Sensors D 1 October 2007 M
30. ance cycle provided relatively clean gases are being used If the Service status indicator is displayed after an AUTO cycle the mirror is likely still dirty and may require use of a PACER cycle described in detail on page E 4 In most applications it is desirable to perform a balance operation periodically to maintain optimum performance The interval and type of balance are configurable as described in the OptiSonde programming chapters If the Service indicator is displayed after a balance operation the sensor may need to be adjusted see Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics on page 5 1 Helpful Hints For Time response At dew points above 0 C the system stabilizes within Operating the Unit a few minutes at a consistent dew layer The status Control is displayed when the system is stable and readings are valid When the system is operating at low frost points below 0 C extra care may be required when interpreting readings because of the longer response times of the system Time response depends on a number of factors including dew frost point slew rate upstream filtering and flow rate As the dew frost point becomes lower water molecules in the air sample become scarcer and it takes longer to condense a frost layer on the mirror thick enough to establish an equilibrium condition Mirror temperature slew rate depends on dew point and depression the temperature difference between the mirror and the sensor body at higher
31. detected To determine whether dissolved contaminants are affecting dew point measurement perform the following steps 1 Note the indicated dew point 2 Clean the mirror 3 Balance the detector by initiating a PACER cycle 4 Measure the dew point again If the new reading is lower than the first reading it is likely that soluble material was present in sufficient quantity to cause a measurement error When a gaseous material that has a higher condensation temperature than that of water is present even in very low concentrations the unit will eventually control on that material rather than on water The system then displays the condensation temperature of the contaminant not of water Such material accumulates on the mirror only when chilled In the normal atmosphere gaseous contaminants do not have a detectable effect Operation 3 7 October 2007 Minimizing the Effects of Contaminants Mirror Flooding Sample Line Maintenance Pressure Effects The following steps are suggested for maintaining optimum performance e Use the PACER feature to reduce the effect of contaminants on the unit s performance see The PACER Cycle on page E 4 Reduce the gas flow rate to reduce the rate of accumulation of contaminants on the mirror Clean the mirror according to the recommended optics cleaning procedure see Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics on page 5 1 To determine the proper cleaning interval for a gi
32. e technique for determining the water vapor content in gases by directly measuring dew point or frost temperatures Using this technique a metal mirror is cooled until it reaches a temperature at which a thin layer of condensation begins to form on it The dew layer is detected optically the temperature of the mirror is regulated such that the condensed mass is constant The mirror temperature measured with a platinum resistance thermometer is an accurate indicator of the dew or frost point These hygrometers are widely used as reference standards in many of the world s metrology laboratories because the measurement is highly accurate and repeatable Hygrometer Function Figure E 1 on page E 2 illustrates how GE Sensing hygrometers detect and measure dew point The condensate mirror is illuminated with a solid state infrared emitter IR A photodetector monitors the IR light reflected from the mirror The photodetector is fully illuminated when the mirror is clear of dew and it receives less light as dew forms A separate LED and photodetector pair are used as a known reference to compensate for any thermally induced changes in the OptiSonde components The photodetectors are arranged in an electrical bridge circuit the output current of which is proportional to the light reflected from the mirror The bridge output controls the electrical current to the thermoelectric cooler A large bridge current develops when the mirror is dry causing
33. easurement Range The measurement range of a chilled mirror sensor is defined as the temperature range over which a stable dew or frost layer can be maintained on the mirror Note that in order to acquire a dew or frost layer on the mirror the depression capability of a sensor must extend below its measurement range The minimum required differential between depression range and measurement range is 5 C 9 F at nominal dew frost points and increases to 10 C to 12 C 18 F to 22 F at very low frost points Measurement range is normally specified at 25 C 77 F ambient temperature in air at atmospheric pressure For sensor body temperatures other than 25 C 77 F measurement range can be estimated by first estimating depression capability and then decreasing this range according to the minimum required differential For most gases other than air the effect on measurement range is negligible However gases such as hydrogen or helium which are more thermally conductive than air will result in a decrease of several degrees in the measurement range Measurement range will decrease as gas pressure is increased because the increased density and therefore increased thermal conductivity of the gas results in an increased heat load For air or nitrogen each 50 psi 3 bar increase above atmospheric pressure will result in a loss of approximately 2 C 4 F of depression capability Conversely operating under vacuum may result in a sma
34. eat The system will then automatically fine tune the optical balance The word Balance will appear in the lower left of the display followed by the phrase Acquiring The unit will then cool to the dew point and the balance indicator will increase when dew or frost condenses on the mirror The dew point reading might overshoot then it will stabilize assuming the sensor is exposed to constant humidity When a stable dew or frost layer is attained you will see the word Control in the lower left The OptiSonde is now reading the correct dew frost point and a stable dew or frost layer has been established When the OptiSonde is exposed to typical room humidity this process takes 5 6 minutes For very dry conditions the unit may not display Control for several hours however the PACER indicator will go out The sensor must first accumulate a dew or frost layer on the mirror before it can display Control During large changes in moisture the Control indicator may change to Tracking This is normal and indicates that the OptiSonde is tracking the moisture level When the moisture level stabilizes the control indicator will reappear 8 If you see the word Service Req displayed in the lower left repeat steps 1 7 5 4 Maintenance October 2007 Field Replacement of Sensor Mirrors One advantage of using a GE Sensing chilled mirror dew point sensor is that the mirror is user replaceable The sensor does not have to be returned
35. ections provide information on installing the following GE Sensing dew point sensors Model 1111H Single stage sensor with 1 M NDT Model 1111H GE Dew point single stage sensor with flange Model 1211H Two stage sensor for high pressure and temp Model D 2 Two stage sensor When selecting a location for installing a sensor consider the following criteria Locate the sensor as close as is practical to the source of the gas to be measured to keep the sampling lines as short as possible This minimizes the system response time and reduces the error rate at low frost points due to sample line outgassing Caution The OptiSonde electronics and sensors are for General Purpose Locations only They are not for use in hazardous classified locations Sample air gas shall be non combustible only Choose a sensor location that provides access to the dewpoint sample cavity cover to facilitate periodic mirror cleaning Caution Never place the sensor in a location where temperatures rise above the maximum rated temperature for the device See Appendix D for complete sensor specifications Installation 2 11 October 2007 EES Sampling Lines Keep the length of sample tubing between the source and the sensor short for quick response and highest accuracy All sampling line compression fittings provided with the sensor are for 4 inch diameter tubing unless otherwise specified at the time of order The
36. enter block E b Wet Mirror EI c Mirror Requiring a Balanced Mirror Bias Adjustment Figure 5 2 Balance Indicator for Various Mirror Conditions 5 2 Maintenance October 2007 Procedure for Cleaning 5 If the square is not in the center of the balance bar use the screw and Balancing the Sensor or hex driver to adjust the optical bias screw shown in Figure 5 3 Mirror cont below on the sensor until the marker is in the center of the bar You are performing a coarse balance adjustment Sensor Balance adjustment screw Model 1111H Model 1211H Figure 5 3 Balance Adjustment Screw Locations IMPORTANT This adjustment is made while the cap or cover is on the 1111H amp D2 sensors For the 1211 the adjustment is made with the cap removed In these cases the adjustment should not be made in sunlight bright incandescent or infrared light It might be useful to shade the sensor cavity with your hand or place a coin over the sensor cavity Maintenance 5 3 October 2007 Procedure for Cleaning and Balancing the Sensor Mirror cont 6 Once balanced replace the sensor cap and make sure the balance indicator does not change 7 On the OptiSonde analyzer enter the Function Control screen to reach AUTO If the Automatic Balance is set for Pacer the system will first cool then heat If the unit is set for Auto it will only h
37. es of the OptiSonde system allow users to monitor and adjust the mirror e The balance indicator shown in Figure 5 1 below provides a graphic display of how much light is received by the mirror s photodetector It is also an indicator of the dew layer thickness This indicator increases and decreases in digital steps The bias screw adjusts the light signal received by the reference photodetector and is used as a coarse adjustment The automatic balance or PACER cycle discussed on page 1 6 electronically fine tunes the optical balance between the IR emitters and reference photodetectors In operation the position of the balance indicator will depend on the level of humidity and the sensor used As the humidity changes the chilled mirror system will seek to establish control As contaminants deposit on the mirror the balance indicator will increase as will the dew point readings The PACER cycle or manual cleaning and balancing followed by the PACER cycle will mitigate the contamination Note fthe mirror is severely scratched or pitted you may not be able to balance it It may be replaced in the field as discussed on page 5 5 For industrial applications GE Sensing recommends the solid platinum mirror Status Menu x Auto Cycle a Indicator Balance Embar Indicator 14 33 Figure 5 1 Balance and Status Indicator on OptiSonde Display Maintenance 5 1 October 2007 Procedure for Cleaning and
38. fers a minimum of 18 to a maximum of 32 VDC operation See Figure 2 3 on the next page Installation 2 1 October 2007 A A ooo s858 7 1 Sensors Connect the dew point sensor cable to the 25 pin connector on the OptiSonde s rear panel see Figure 2 2 below Connect the optional temperature sensor cable to the 9 pin temperature connector on the rear panel Other O wiring connects to the appropriate terminal block Tighten all connector thumbscrews to prevent disconnections ANALOG SHIELD RELAY SHIELD Figure 2 2 OptiSonde Benchtop Rear Panel ANALOG SHIELD RELAY SHIELD Figure 2 3 Optisonde DC Option Rear Panel 2 2 Installation October 2007 Wall Mount Installation The OptiSonde Wall Mount unit is designed to mount on a flat vertical surface such as a wall or panel To mount the wall mount version see Figure 2 4 and Figure 2 5 below Installing the Wall Mount Note units are inches mm Figure 2 4 OptiSonde Wall Mount Dimensions Installation 2 3 October 2007 A TT Installing the Wall Mount cont Note units are inches mm Figure 2 5 OptiSonde Wall Mount Mounting Hole Locations For mounting secure the unit to a wall or panel using all four mounting holes Use stainless hardware a minimum of 2 inches long 8 screws with washers Screws should go directly into wood studs If no stud is available use s
39. icular purpose and warranties arising from course of dealing or usage or trade lii October 2007 EEGENEN Return Policy If a GE Sensing instrument malfunctions within the warranty period the following procedure must be completed 1 Notify GE Sensing giving full details of the problem and provide the model number and serial number of the instrument If the nature of the problem indicates the need for factory service GE Sensing will issue a RETURN AUTHORIZATION number RA and shipping instructions for the return of the instrument to a service center will be provided 2 If GE Sensing instructs you to send your instrument to a service center it must be shipped prepaid to the authorized repair station indicated in the shipping instructions 3 Upon receipt GE Sensing will evaluate the instrument to determine the cause of the malfunction Then one of the following courses of action will then be taken e H the damage is covered under the terms of the warranty the instrument will be repaired at no cost to the owner and returned f GE Sensing determines that the damage is not covered under the terms of the warranty or if the warranty has expired an estimate for the cost of the repairs at standard rates will be provided Upon receipt of the owner s approval to proceed the instrument will be repaired and returned October 2007 ll Table of Contents Chapter 1 Features and Capabilities age ele TETE iTe EE 1 1
40. ins basic data for these calculations 3 8 Operation Chapter 4 Programming the OptiSonde Introduction sses eei ace Res aS elevate ii Programming Technique ce cece ee ee cee eee teens Programmable Functions 0 cece cece cee eee eee eee October 2007 Introduction The OptiSonde can be easily programmed to choose the data to be displayed the data to be output on the analog or serial outputs and the alarm settings A typical data display appears in Figure 4 1 below Menu ESC Control Embar 6 0179 Figure 4 1 OptiSonde Typical Data Display Table 4 1 below lists the OptiSonde s programmable functions Each function has a number of settings listed on the following pages Values for some settings are selected from a list of choices others are entered as numeric or alphanumeric data using the keypad Table 4 1 Programming Functions Function Settings Select units for parameter display Select units and scaling test and trim values Alarm type and alarm limits Selection of logging card or PC logs parameter choice units data format Automatic balance sound communications offset val ues gas molecular weight clock line pressure recali bration reminder Service personnel only Displays ID number system status and software version Locks keys Programming the OptiSonde 4 1 October 2007 Programming Technique The functions of the six ke
41. irror cleaning and balancing Auto Automatic PACER Select whether or not to use Auto Balance Off On Enter time to balance mirror in days or decimal Enter value up to 90 0 days fractions of days Enter time of day to balance whole day intervals 0000 midnight 1200 noon only 2359 11 59 p m Schedule Lists last day and time of balance and next None scheduled time and day of balance Programming the OptiSonde 4 11 October 2007 EEE Communications Parameters Table 4 9 Communication Parameter Options Setting Description Available Options Set the baud rate to be compatible with 1200 2400 4800 9600 19200 38400 the receiving device 57600 115 200 Note 38400 is the default value for PC communications Select Node ID number for PanaView 1 to 239 Note The default PanaView node ID transmission is 16 Run test of RS 232 communications After test a check in lower right corner of screen indicates correct operation a short message will be transmitted Service Options IMPORTANT The Service menu is intended for factory trained personnel only and access is limited by requiring a service passcode This menu allows the factory default data including calibration data and sensor parameters to be adjusted Please contact an applications or service engineer at GE Sensing if access to these menus is required Normal operation of the OptiSonde does not require access to
42. ll increase Other factors influencing sensor selection include temperature and pressure ratings and whether anticipated dew points will be higher than ambient temperature D 2 Chilled Mirror Sensors October 2007 Comparing OptiSonde Sensors Table D 1 Chilled Mirror Sensor Comparison Chart Model Model Model 1111H 1111H GE D 2 1211H System Performance Standard Accuracy 0 2 C 0 2 C 0 2 C Cooling Stages 1 2 2 Depression at 25 C 77 F 1 atm in air 45 C 65 C 65 C Typical Measurement Range at given at 25 C at 25 C at 25 C ambient 1 atm ambient ambient ambient Dew Frost Point 15 to 25 C 35 to 25 C 35 to 25 C RH equivalent 6 to 100 1 5 to 100 1 5 to 100 Functional Character istics Power From OptiSonde From OptiSonde From OptiSonde Ambieht Temperature Range 15 to 80 C 25 to 85 C 15 to 100 C Pressure Range psig 3 to 200 3 to 150 0 to 300 Auxiliary Cooling No No No Sensor Cavity Material Epoxy coated Aluminum Stainless Steel Stainless Steel Complete system at 25 C 77 F Chilled Mirror Sensors D 3 Appendix E Theory of Operation and Glossary Theory of Operation eee eee ees The PACER Cycle ssa err aos Bata Si gia we eres Glossary PPP October 2007 I Theory of Operation The OptiSonde utilizes condensation hygrometry which is a precis
43. low Output Menu Out A Select Tracking Units Test Upper Trim Lower Figure 4 2 Typical Analog Outputs Programming Screen 4 2 Programming the OptiSonde October 2007 Programmable Functions Display For display the menu first requires that you select Line or Line 2 You can then select from the display parameter units listed in Table 4 2 below Table 4 2 Display Unit Options De em Dew frost point temperature in degrees Celsius Dew frost point temperature in degrees Fahrenheit Percentage of relative humidity Temperature in degrees Celsius dry bulb Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit dry bulb Water vapor pressure in millibars Wet bulb temperature in degrees Celsius Wet bulb temperature in degrees Fahrenheit Parts per million by volume Delta temperature Ta Td or the difference between temperature and dewpoint in degrees Celsius Delta temperature Ta Td or the difference between temperature and dewpoint in degrees Fahrenheit Parts per million by weight Absolute humidity in grams per cubic meter Absolute humidity in grains per cubic foot Under Decimal you can select the number of decimal places up to three for the parameter shown in each line You can also select Reverse to change the screen display from the default of blue letters on a white background to white letters on a blue background Programming the OptiSonde 4 3 October 200
44. low For a wall mount OptiSonde use the wiring shown in Figure C 2 on the next page OptiSonde 9 Pin Female Figure C 1 Wiring Diagram Benchtop OptiSonde to PC Configuring the Serial Interface C 1 October 2007 Wiring to a Personal Computer cont Figure C 2 Wiring Diagram Wall Mount OptiSonde to PC C 2 Configuring the Serial Interface Appendix D Chilled Mirror Sensors Introd ction nak NAGANA ttt om Ree ER e SUES LH OE He D 1 Depression iS AA Ee D 1 Measurement Range 2 vg e i eg d eg NNN NR cia D 2 Comparing OptiSonde Sensors D 3 October 2007 E Introduction For use with the OptiSonde hygrometer GE Sensing offers a choice of three chilled mirror sensors which differ primarily in their depression cooling capability Depression capacity determines the minimum dew point that can be measured All of the sensors feature low noise infrared optics a field replaceable mirror and can be located up to 300 ft 91 m from the electronics Many of these features were pioneered by GE Sensing and are available only on GE Sensing products A chilled mirror sensor is generally selected so that its depression capability will allow it to measure the lowest dew frost point anticipated for the application Depression A Peltier device is a solid state heat pump It has one surface thermally bonded to the body base of a dew point sensor and the other surface bonded to the mirror block
45. millibars Saturation vapor pressure water millibars Total Pressure millibars Temperature C Ambient temperature C Dew point temperature C Frost point temperature C Saturation vapor pressure with respect to water is a function of temperature only and is given by the following Eys 6 1121EXP 2125021 B 1 240 97 T Saturation vapor pressure with respect to ice requires a minor adjustment of the constants as given by the following Ej 6 1115EXP 224527 B 2 272 55 T In addition to yielding saturation vapor pressure as a function of ambient temperature the above equations also yield ambient vapor pressure as a function of dew frost point The total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressure each gas would exert were it to occupy the same total volume according to Dalton s law Humidity Equations and Conversion Chart B 1 October 2007 Humidity Relative Humidity is defined as the ratio of the water vapor pressure e to the saturation vapor pressure es at the prevailing ambient or dry bulb temperature Ta RH m 100 ES B 3 WGL A Absolute humidity is expressed as water vapor density water vapor mass per unit volume of dry air according to the following G _ 216 7E Tp M3 T 273 16 B 4 Water vapor content expressed as parts per million by volume is given by the following E Tp 6EU D PPM 10 B 5 Expressing water vapor c
46. ontent as parts per million by weight or mixing ratio requires multiplication of the above by the ratio of the molecular weight of water to that of air as given by the following eE 18 FF PN P E mw of carrier gas for air 24 g mole 8 6 See Figure B 1 on page B 3 for a graphical humidity conversion chart B 2 Humidity Equations and Conversion Chart October 2007 water Vapor Pressure mm Hg 000 mer parts per Million Water Vapo by Volume ppm at One Atmospnere Pounds of Water per iion Cubic Feet at 6 opo 900 Mili 0 F 008 and One Atmosphere iWigrams of Water 80 100 Mi Liter at 60 F and 0007 49 One Atmosphere N Point Temperat Des Fahrenheit ure 7124 Dew Point e Temperature 7686 Centigrade All conversions are based on ideal gas behavior ALIGN STRAIGHT EDGE WITH KNOWN QUANTITY AND CENTER MARK TO READ EQUIVALENT VALUES ON OTHER SCALES Figure B 1 Graphical Humidity Conversion Chart Humidity Equations and Conversion Chart B 3 Appendix C Configuring the Serial Interface Wiring to a Personal Computer October 2007 Wiring to a Personal The OptiSonde is configured as Data Terminal Equipment DTE Computer The following pins are used in the serial interface e 2 Transmitted data TXD 3 Received data RXD e 5 Signal ground GND To send the output of a benchtop OptiSonde to a personal computer use the cable arrangement shown in Figure C 1 be
47. op stop currently running log Close stop and complete log once closed the log cannot be reopened Select logging on PC or SD secure data card File log on internal SD card Comm log on PC Handle individual logs Details displays file name interval and size Transfer transfer closed log to PC New Log set up new log Erase delete log from OptiSonde Set up to eight units to log See Table 4 2 on page 4 3 Enter the output interval in seconds for Serial Mode Alll Enter a number up to 86400 Choose the output format X H 4 Choose the separator to be used between parameters CR LF Comma Tab Enable logging of status Control PACER Flooded etc and alarm state Alarm On Off Programming the OptiSonde October 2007 E OptiSonde Settings Table 4 6 Settings Options Setting Description Available Options Balance Set up type and interval of mirror See Automatic Cleaning and Balancing on cleaning and balancing page 4 10 Set up baud rate and node ID for RS232 Baud Rate from 1200 to 115 200 Node ID communications from 1 to 239 with default of 16 Test small check confirms RS232 communications are working Select whether the OptiSonde produces a Off On sound when users press the keypad Enter the offset values for the Dew Point Enter the values by which the parameters Temperature and Filter parameters will be offse
48. orological applications where the heat sink temperature is considerably lower frost points down to 40 C can be monitored For lower levels GE Sensing s Optica series features four and five stage chilled mirror sensors Theory of Operation and Glossary E 3 October 2007 The PACER Cycle ly 3 o u o E x E N PREVAILING DEW POINT MIRROR COOLS AND COALESCES 30 SEC GE Sensing has developed and patented a compensation technique called PACER Programmable Automatic Contaminant Error Reduction that is very effective in reducing the Raoult Effect error associated with soluble contaminants particularly for near ambient dew points The OptiSonde is equipped with the PACER cycle as well as AUTO balance as found on earlier models The user can choose which self cleaning and balancing routine to run depending on the severity of contamination The PACER cycle diagrammed in Figure E 2 below begins with a coalescence period during which the mirror is cooled well below the dew point of the sample gas condensing out a large amount of water DATA IS SAMPLED AND HELD OPTICAL SYSTEM AUTOMATICALLY ADJUSTS FOR CORRECT REFLECTANCE 5 SEC MIRROR HEATS TO DRY STATE MIRROR RETURNS 90 SEC TO DEW POINT Wc lt 60 SEC Figure E 2 A Typical PACER Cycle E 4 Theory of Operation and Glossary October 2007 IT The PACER Cycle cont This excess water easily dissolves any water soluble con
49. pound for proper heat transfer and in some models a mylar washer that is to be placed under the mirror 1 Deactivate the sensor cooler using one of the following actions Turn the sensor power off or e Place the sensor switch to heat or e Disconnect the sensor cable 2 Turn off the sample gas Make sure the sensor cavity is depressurized before continuing with the next step 3 Open the sensor by removing the sensor cover 4 Unscrew and discard the old mirror using a 3 16 inch 0 187 hex socket 5 Use a toothpick or similar tool to place a small amount of thermal compound in the hole supporting the mirror Caution Do not apply thermal compound to the mirror stem Do not use an amount large enough to leak out when the mirror is tightened Do not allow any compound to get on the mirror surface as it is very difficult to remove completely 6 Carefully screw in the new mirror and tighten to the proper torque as specified for the particular sensor 7 Carefully clean the mirror surface using a cotton swab and the GE Sensing cleaning solution supplied with the maintenance kit Distilled alcohol or diluted alcohol is also acceptable 8 Replace the cover and return the sensor to normal operation Under some circumstances a new mirror may operate in a somewhat unstable manner for the first hour or two 5 6 Maintenance October 2007 Test and Calibration Troubleshooting The Display Doesn t Light Up
50. pplied with a temperature sensor GE Sensing provides the following sensors for various applications Dew Point Sensors Temperature Sensor Model 1111H Dew point single stage sensor with 1 M NDT Model 1111H GE Dew point single stage sensor with flange for duct mounting Model 1211H Two stage sensor high pressure and temperature Model D 2 Two stage sensor Model T 100E 1 4 Features and Capabilities Chapter 2 Installation Introduction A wea he beeen ege EEN 2 1 Benchtop Installation 2 aaa 2 1 Wall Mount Installation 0 0 a 2 3 Output WINING EE 2 7 Sensor Information xa scarico A SS 2 11 Sensor Installation l l RI 2 14 October 2007 Introduction This chapter explains the installation of the benchtop and wall mount versions of the OptiSonde the various sensors used with the system and the I O and power wiring Benchtop Installation Mounting the Benchtop The OptiSonde benchtop dimensions are shown in Figure 2 1 below A metal stand on the bottom of the case can be unfolded to elevate the front of the instrument for easier viewing if desired Note units are inches mm Figure 2 1 OptiSonde Benchtop Dimensions Wiring the Benchtop Input Power The OptiSonde operates with input power from 100 to 240 VAC 10 See Figure 2 2 below The OptiSonde s voltage and frequency rating are listed on the product label A DC option of
51. r humidity sensors The Model 1111H is an open type sensor see Figure 2 12 below with 45 C depression capability at 25 C 1 ATM It can be threaded into standard pipe fittings or mounted in a type 0111D pressure boss which encloses it and adapts it for 4 inch compression fittings When installing the sensor in the pressure boss remove the black aluminum sensor cover A second version the 1111H GE extends 9 in and includes a duct mounted flange and a removable PTFE filter For maximum thermal conductivity the base of the Model 0111D pressure boss should be coated with heat conducting grease When so installed on a surface suitable for dissipating heat the sensor will achieve its maximum rated depression See the Chilled Mirror Sensor Comparison Chart in Appendix D Figure 2 12 Model 1111H Sensor for Duct Mounting Installation October 2007 E Model D 2 Sensor The Model D 2 is a general purpose two stage sensor with 65 C 117 F of depression capability at 25 C 1 ATM It features wetted parts of stainless steel and glass for durability in demanding industrial applications The Model D 2 can be used as a benchtop sensor mounted to a heat sink or mounted to a cooling fan for maximum operating range Advanced features include field replaceable optics and cooler assemblies and auxiliary visible light optics with a viewing window for inspecting the mirror during operation see Figure 2 13 below For maximum the
52. ramming for proper settings Maintenance 5 9 Appendix A Specifications Performance vg xeu e corsa Bo E EEN ER Uie Lew BER A 1 Functional a A SS A 2 Physical Bench Mount A 3 Physical Wall MOUNT ss eec in bas AA Ta Ee ee A 3 Optional Accessories x 0a ENEE y am EEN ER A 3 October 2007 Performance Accuracy Dew Frost Point Temperature Relative Humidity Other Humidity Parameters Sensitivity Repeatability Measurement Ranges Chilled Mirror Sensors available Range Temperature Sensor Recommended Sample Flow Response Time Dew Frost Point Cooling Rate Temperature Response Update Time complete system at 25 C 77 F 0 2 C 0 36 F 0 15 C 0 27 F Governed by accuracy of dew point and temperature sensors Governed by accuracy of dew point temperature and pressure sensors 0 05 C 0 09 F 0 1 C 0 18 F 1111H 1111H GE 1211H D 2 one stage 45 depression 25 C and 1 ATM two stage 65 depression 25 C and 1 ATM dew frost point depending on sensor used T 100E 100 C to 100 C 148 F to 212 F 0 5 to 2 5 scfh 0 25 to 1 25 L min 1 5 C 2 7 F sec typical above 0 C 32 F lt 7 sec for step change within 25 C to 70 C 77 F to 158 F 1 sec Specifications A 1 October 2007 Functionality Outputs Digital Interface Alarms Relay optional Display Power Operating Ranges Dew
53. rent date and time when logging begins Note The Manage option is only available for internal File logs To start a PC Comm log enter Status gt Start 4 6 Programming the OptiSonde October 2007 Managing Current or Completed Logs Once the log is running you can either stop or close it If you are running both File and Comm logs enter Select and be sure you have chosen the log you want to stop Then enter the Status option Enter Stop to stop the log from recording further data Once you have stopped it you can restart it by selecting Start Enter Close to permanently stop and complete the log Only closed logs can be erased You can retain an internal File log in the SD transfer it to the PC or erase it To transfer a log to the PC enter Manage gt Transfer Then select the log from the list of logs and press ENT To erase a log from the SD enter Manage gt Erase Then select the log from the list of logs and press ENT The OptiSonde will display up to 8 log files for management However up to 512 log files can be stored on the SD card You should erase logs from the SD card when they have been safely transferred to a PC for storage Programming the OptiSonde 4 7 October 2007 Logging Parameters Setting Table 4 5 Logging Parameter Options Description Select whether to start or stop transmitting data Available Options Start start new or currently running log St
54. rmal conductivity the base of the Model D 2 sensor should be coated with heat conducting grease When so installed on a surface suitable for dissipating heat the sensor will achieve its maximum rated depression See the Chilled Mirror Sensor Comparison Chart in Appendix D Figure 2 13 Model D 2 Sensor Model 1211H Sensor The Model 1211H is a two stage sensor with 65 C 117 F of depression capability at 25 C 1 ATM It features wetted parts of stainless steel and may be used at higher temperature and pressure than the D2 sensor The Model 1211H can be used as a benchtop sensor mounted to a heat sink Features include a field replaceable mirror optics and cooler assembly See the Chilled Mirror Sensor Comparison Chart in Appendix D Installation 2 15 October 2007 A A EE o ___Q___QQoqvpo gt c gt Q Q9 gt gt E a Connecting the Sensors Dew point and temperature sensors provided by GE Sensing for the OptiSonde monitor are pre wired with connectors installed Plug these connectors into their corresponding sockets as shown in Figure 2 2 on page 2 2 for the benchtop unit or Figure 2 6 on page 2 5 for the wall mount unit The 1111H sensor can be mounted directly to the wall mount enclosure to facilitate room monitoring Ensure that the sensor or cable is fully inserted and the ring coupler fully hand tightened for reliable operation Tighten dome nut to 22 in lb 2 5 Nm to assure a proper seal for IP65 rating
55. s a thick dew frost layer into which soluble contaminants dissolve When heated some of the contaminants are flash evaporated and the remaining residue accumulates in clusters resulting in the cleaning of much of the mirror surface The PACER cycle generally takes longer to complete 3 Select whether or not you will use Auto Balance a From the Balance menu enter Status b Enter Off or On 4 10 Programming the OptiSonde October 2007 IT Automatic Cleaning and 4 Determine the Interval at which the OptiSonde will perform Balance Function cont cleaning and balancing a From the Balance menu enter Interval b Use the arrow keys to enter the interval time in days or decimal fractions of days up to 90 days Press ENT c If using an interval of whole days e g 1 000 3 000 use Time to specify the time of day to perform the balance Enter time in 24 hour format e g 8 00 p m 2000 10 30 a m 1030 5 To view the most recent and next cleaning and balance times enter Schedule 6 Press ESC to exit the Balance Menu and the Main Menu for the settings to take effect IMPORTANT For environments or a gas sample where the mirror accumulates contamination rapidly the use of an inline filter is recommended Lower flow rates will also reduce the accumulation of contaminants Cleaning and Balancing Options Table 4 8 Cleaning and Balancing Options Setting Description Available Options Select type of m
56. t The molecular weight of the gas being analyzed The default value is the Enter a number molecular weight of air 28 9645 g mole Clock Enter the current time and date Enter the time hours and minutes and the numeric date month date and year Pressure Pressure value to be used Enter line pressure in KPA Notify Enter a time at which the OptiSonde Off 6 Months 12 Months 18 Months 24 should be recalibrated Months Programming the OptiSonde 4 9 October 2007 Ra Z2 Jma a3a a aa aaaaaaa NN Automatic Cleaning and OptiSonde analyzers can run the Auto or PACER self cleaning and Balance Function rebalancing cycles at a preset time after the last cycle was run The automatic balance cycle will always run upon power up of the analyzers To program the Automatic Cleaning amp Balance Function on the OptiSonde 1 From the main screen a Press the ESC key to enter the Main Menu b Scroll to Settings and press ENT c Enter the Balance option 2 Set the Balance Type a Enter Type b Enter either AUTO or PACER Table 4 7 below explains the difference between the options Table 4 7 Automatic Cleaning and Balance Functions Item Function AUTO Heats the mirror and balances the optics First cools the mirror to develop a thick dew frost layer PACER then heats and balances the optics Note The PACER function will provide more thorough cleaning than the AUTO function because it first develop
57. taminants The mirror is then heated During the heating phase due to surface tension the remaining contaminants aggregate into dry islands Empirically this yields about 80 to 85 clean surface The reflected light signal is then electronically balanced against the reference Figure E 3 below illustrates the results Before After PACER Cycle PACER Cycle Figure E 3 Results of the PACER Cycle Glossary Depression Capability The temperature difference by which the chilled mirror can be lowered from the ambient temperature PACER GE Sensing patented Programmable Automatic Contaminant Error Reduction system which consolidates soluble contaminants to reduce their effect on system accuracy see The PACER Cycle on page E 4 Parameter A measured quantity available for display by the unit such as Dew Point in C Humidity in Grams Kilograms or Pressure in Bar Process Pressure The gas pressure of the system under test In some applications humidity of this gas may be measured at a lower pressure Scaling The process of selecting the maximum and minimum output values of a chosen parameter Theory of Operation and Glossary E 5 October 2007 Index A D Accessory Specifications A 3 Default Settings a 3 4 Alarm Outputs Definitions eea ia eee eee ee E 5 Inner Band Alamm noa nnannaaaaa 2 9 Depression Capability D 1 E 5 Outer Band Alarm 2 10 Dew
58. tes have formed On an unscratched freshly cleaned mirror there are relatively few nucleation sites on which dew or frost deposits can form and more time is required to collect a condensation layer at low frost points Also overshoot may occur which can cause oscillations as the temperature stabilizes Particulate Contaminants Particulate matter that is insoluble in water may accumulate on the mirror surface but does not affect the instrument accuracy until the mirror reflectance is reduced substantially In many cases particulates improve instrument response by providing condensation sites 3 6 Operation October 2007 Water Soluble Contaminants Gaseous Contaminants Contaminants which readily dissolve in water such as naturally occurring salts are detrimental to accurate vapor concentration measurement by any condensation method These materials readily go into solution with the water condensate on the mirror surface and then reduce the vapor pressure in accordance with Raoult s Law As the concentration increases with time the saturation vapor pressure of the liquid solution decreases The unit responds to this lower vapor pressure by elevating the mirror temperature in order to maintain a vapor pressure that is in equilibrium with the partial pressure of atmospheric water vapor The displayed dew point therefore drifts upward above the true dew point Because the measurement error increases gradually it often goes un
59. the information contained in the Service menu System Information Table 4 10 About Options Setting Description Available Options ID Lists unit and sensor ID numbers None System Status Lists current uptime last calibration date last None balance date and time Software Versions Lists current boot and program versions None Locking the System Keys If you press ENT when LOCK is highlighted the OptiSonde keys will be locked preventing access to the Main Menu To unlock the keys press ESC ENT and ESC Press ESC again to reenter the Main Menu 4 12 Programming the OptiSonde Chapter 5 Maintenance Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics eee eee eee ee 5 1 Field Replacement of Sensor Mirrors eee eee 5 5 Test and Calibration siden itso ett d ea TA KALA 5 7 TROUDIESMOOTIN WEE 5 7 October 2007 Minor Maintenance of Sensor Optics Cleaning and Balancing the Sensor Mirror Periodically inspect and maintain the sensor optics as described in the following chapter These procedures can be performed at any time but are only necessary when the Service indicator appears on the status display indicating that service is required Under normal conditions the system is self checking and self balancing However there are occasions when particulate matter and water soluble contaminants reduce sensor mirror reflectance and system accuracy see Contamination on page 3 6 Three featur
60. the mirror to cool toward the dew point As dew begins to form on the mirror less light is reflected and the bridge output decreases This in turn causes a decrease in cooling current A rate feedback loop within the amplifier ensures critical response causing the mirror to stabilize at constant mass at a temperature that maintains a thin dew or frost layer on the mirror surface A precision thermometer element embedded within the mirror directly monitors this dew point temperature Theory of Operation and Glossary E 1 October 2007 RR A ooo oo O Hygrometer Calibration The OptiSonde unit can be sent to the National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST in Gaithersburg Maryland for certification or to any National Standards lab for calibration against their primary humidity standards A calibrated instrument can then be used as a transfer standard in local laboratories to calibrate lower echelon instruments Caution Field calibration is not recommended Hygrometers used as calibration standards must have the following characteristics The mirror thermometer must have suitable long term accuracy such as that obtained with a platinum resistance thermometer uu Reference WH 73 ES Ut 4 Co UI ie Heat Pump Fouer S Dew Foint Tem perature a 2F Precision Thermometer Figure E 1 Chilled Mirror Hygrometer Diagram E 2 Theory of Operation and Glossary October 2007 _ E A A OI a a Other
61. through a PACER cycle If at the end of the cycle the Service Req status appears again repeat the cleaning and balancing procedure or contact the factory Maintenance October 2007 Incorrect Dew Point If the dew frost point reads incorrectly first check the standard Display preventive maintenance items Clean and balance the sensor mirror refer to page 5 1 An alternative method for checking the accuracy of the unit s electronics is to use a precision resistance decade box in place of the platinum thermometer Wire the decade box to the unit s sensor connector as shown in Figure 5 4 below and verify that the resistance settings shown in the table produce the temperatures shown OptiSonde 1123HK Sensor Cable Connector OptiSonde D2 Sensor Cable Connector Resistance Table Din Type 100 Ohms at 0 C 0 385 Ohms C Display Reading omms cuoi Le es mo o xem 00 320 uma 5e Figure 5 4 Using a Resistance Decade Box 5 8 Maintenance October 2007 Balance Remains on the Check that the sensor and sensor cable are connected If necessary Status Line connect them and the unit will complete the PACER cycle after a short time 5 to 15 minutes The sensor bridge may be out of balance refer to page 5 1 No Analog Output If there is no analog output but the digital display indicates correctly check the analog output scaling No Serial Output Check the serial port prog
62. to avoid hot and cold sections in the line and to avoid water absorption desorption cycling as the heater is thermostatically controlled GE Sensing can provide custom heated systems Please contact our application engineers If the gas to be monitored is free from particulates and hydrocarbon liquids or vapor filtering is not necessary However most sample gas streams contain some particulates and using a filter reduces the need for frequent mirror cleaning On the other hand filtering tends to slow the system s response particularly at low frost points The model BF12 SS filter may be used inline GE Sensing s application engineers would be pleased to review your application and recommend an appropriate sampling system Avoid using glass wool cellulose and other hygroscopic materials as a filter medium Installation 2 13 October 2007 Flow Rate Sensor Installation Model 1111H Sensor It is important to have adequate flow through the sensor Too little flow can slow the response particularly at very low frost points Too much flow can cause instability of the control system at high dew points and can reduce the depression capability of the thermoelectric cooler at very low dew points Too much flow also accelerates the rate of system contamination A flow rate of 2 to 2 5 ft h 1 liter min is ideal for most applications This section provides installation details for the GE Sensing line of chilled mirro
63. to the factory for replacement of the reflective surface unless that is desired A mirror may require replacement for any of the following reasons The mirror is constructed of silver rhodium plated copper Copper provides excellent thermal conductivity to the platinum thermometer However some gas constituents such as sulfur dioxide SO2 may react with the copper and eventually pit the surface or form a copper sulfate coating The reflective surface may be gradually abraded by sharp dirt particles in the gas being measured The mirror surface may be accidentally scratched or gouged during use or cleaning If the sensor mirror has reacted with a corrosive material in the gas sample such as an acid or sulfur compound it should be replaced with a solid platinum mirror to remove any possibility of copper corrosion In extreme cases a solid platinum mirror can make possible a successful application of chilled mirror technology For example measurements in tobacco factories and malting houses have drastically improved after this change since both locations have sample gas constituents that attack copper Maintenance October 2007 oa f Ulf QhQd Z gp 8 66G5m cT6T6T6T6T Tq ST T6 T T Tr 7 Replacing the Sensor Required equipment torque driver set to 20 30 inch ounces of Mirror torque GE Sensing type TW 1 is recommended The kit supplied by the factory contains the replacement mirror a container of white thermal com
64. uitable hardware for the application such as with plasterboard or cement Wiring the Wall Mount Caution The wall mount unit meets IP65 rating for water ingress when tested with solid plugs In order to maintain this rating installation personnel must ensure that each of the two wiring ports use a single cable with a minimum diameter of 0 24 in 6 mm and a maximum diameter of 0 47 in 12 mm Recommended wire nuts torque is 37 in lbs 4 2 Nm Any unused wiring port shall be plugged with a supplied solid plug 2 4 Installation October 2007 Wiring the Wall Mount All connections to the wall mount unit are made through the panel at cont the bottom of the case as shown in Figure 2 6 below Any I O cabling is brought into the unit through glands at the lower right of the case and connects to the terminal blocks inside the case Wiring for these connections is shown below and in Figure 2 8 on page 2 7 The dew point sensor and temperature sensor cable connectors are located on the black mounting block IMPORTANT AC and signal wiring must be done in accordance with local codes Wire size cannot exceed 14 AWG 2 08 mm Insulation shall be stripped 6 mm prior to being inserted into the connection block TEMP SENSOR PIN WIRE COLORS RED WHITE GREEN BLACK SHIELD NOTE CUSTOMER MUST INSTALL SUPPLIED FERRITE P N 222 028 OVER THE END OF TEMPERATURE SENSOR ON LOCAL AND REMOTE AIC POWER TERMINAL BLOCK PIN DESCRIP
65. ven set of conditions take a dew point reading before and after the cleaning Any appreciable shift indicates that under these conditions the mirror should be cleaned more often If there is an abrupt transition from dry to moist conditions particularly when accompanied by a transition from cold to warm temperatures the mirror may accumulate an overload of moisture It then may take several minutes before the sensor dries out and valid readings can be obtained The drying process can be accelerated by heating the sensor Contaminated sample lines slow the unit s response time and can cause erroneous readings usually on the high side Clean the sample lines as often as necessary To determine the required cleaning frequency take dew point readings before and after cleaning the lines sensor cavity and mirror If the two readings differ appreciably the sampling lines should be cleaned more often To reduce the rate of contamination reduce flow and or install a filter upstream If the pressure of the gas is increased or reduced from atmospheric pressure but the mixing ratio moisture content stays constant the dew point is correspondingly increased or decreased The OptiSonde displays the dew frost point at the pressure to which it has been programmed The sensor location and hookup arrangement can influence the pressure The dew point change due to pressure change can be calculated by using psychrometric equations Appendix C conta
66. ys to the right of the display change according to the current state of the unit Below is the general method for programming the unit 1 To access the programming menus press the ESC key If the OptiSonde keys are locked press the ESC key followed by the ENT key and then press the ESC key again Then press ESC again to enter the Main Menu 2 Press the A and W keys to step through the functions that can be programmed shown in Table 4 1 on page 4 1 You can also use the 4 and gt keys for adjacent choices 3 Fora particular function press the ENT key to display the first setting for the function Press the V key to step through its available settings 4 For a particular setting press the ENT key to open the setting for editing If the setting uses a list of specific choices the V key and or A key are shown Press them to step through the choices Note To enter numeric data use the arrow keys to scroll to the appropriate column then use the A and V keys to scroll to the desired numeric value Note that certain settings have numeric values that are restricted to certain ranges 5 After choosing a value for a setting press ENT to lock it in Or you can press the ESC key to cancel the entry restoring the original value and return to choose another setting To return to the function choice press the ESC key A typical programming screen for setting the Analog Outputs is shown in Figure 4 2 be

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OptiSonde™ - GE Measurement & Control