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GEOAWARE APPLICATION ON ANDROID

1. package used in this application offered built in downloading rendering and caching of Maps tiles as well as a variety of display options and controls The key class in the Maps package 1s com google android maps MapViev 11 a subclass of ViewGroup A Geopoint is a position described via latitude and longitude and the class Overlay can be used to drawn on the map for example position markers This application also uses Map Overlays to display to the user the various list items drawn on the map This is 16 done by creating map markers and lay overs This has been possible by using ItemizedOverlay class to manage all the individual items placed on the map 3 3 5 Databases The storage system in Android is mainly divided into three types Shared Preferences Files and SQLite Databases 10 Geo Aware makes use of SQLite Databases to save the locations and their geo points The application as such is stored in Android system uses internal storage of the device By default the application once installed is stored in the internal storage of the Android system This is private to the application and other applications cannot access it When the user uninstalls the application these files get removed By default all files databases and preferences is restricted to the application that created them If the data has to be shared with other applications then the Content Providers is used Content Providers is not a storage mechanism but pr
2. accessible by anyone with a GPS receiver The U S military developed and implemented this satellite network as a military navigation system but soon opened it up to everybody else 4 Thanks to the development of GPS technology an advanced navigation technology real time GPS service becomes true It s been fast and wildly adopted in many fields and is becoming to play a crucial role in our modern life especially in security and safety field GPS on smartphones is no longer an emerging trend It s almost a must have feature nowadays and more and more handsets are offering it With the embedded GPS receiver and a mapping service one can get real time position tracking text and voice guided directions and points of interest The latest location based services are also expected to boost demand in the GPS handsets industry A collaborative effort among telecom carriers mobile phone makers and GPS chip providers has expanded location based services LBS applications and increased demand for models that support these functions 2 2 RESEARCH AND STUDY While Apple and Google seem to be splitting the smartphone market and looking at the market share overall Android is beginning to open up a considerable lead when it comes to recent smartphone adopters see Figure 2 1 4 The ability to customize many aspects of the Android operating system OS coupled with the fact that it is open source encourages the device manufacturers and the carriers
3. unlike typical calendar applications which reminds you when to do something GeoAware also reminds you where to do it Unlike other alarms which issue time based alerts GeoAware also issues location based alerts GeoAware which lets you create To Do lists on your Android phone and then have the phone tell you when you re going to be able to do them In other words you can enter that you need to pick up groceries then when you re in the area of the grocery store your Android phone will notify you that it would be a good time to do that errand Chapter 2 deals with Literature describing the research and study of this thesis project and challenges which were faced The application design and high level architecture 1s discussed in Chapter 3 followed my implementation in Chapter 4 Chapter 5 1s a user manual for developers and end users on how to install the application and use it Future enhancements and conclusion are explained in Chapter 6 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE 2 1 MOBILE PLATFORM Smart phones today have made our life easier with millions of people around the world who use their phones to manage their lives stay in touch with friends and use the internet for a lot of things Users of smart phones have come to take it for granted that they can surf the internet from almost any location and do everything they could do with a computer When mobile phones were first introduced to the public they were bulky expensive and some even requi
4. Location Based Services that give the application geographical context through Location Providers GPS etc Most Android devices allow determining the current geo location This can be done via a GPS device via cell tower triangulation or via W1 Fi networks for which the geo location is known Android provides the package android location which provides the API to determine the current geo position The class LocationManager provides access to the location service To call the location manager the context is set to getSystemService for location services The Android device might have several providers available and a Criteria object can be used to select the best among them Then a LocationListener 1s registered with the LocationManager which receives periodic updates about the geo position The class LocationProvider 1s the superclass of the different location providers which deliver the information about the current location It is important to register with the location manager to receive the location update which is done using the onResume method 15 and can be unregistered from location notifications in the onPause method 9 Tracking the location can be expensive on the battery and CPU of the device so this 1s a good practice to stop doing the work while the application is paused would not require any updates The LocationListener which 1s implemented allows getting certain callbacks Those callbacks include loc
5. System LBS OS PC RFID VM UI GUI AWT SWT J2ME SDK SQL API ID Location based services Operating System Personal Computer Radio Frequency Identification Virtual Machine User Interface Graphical User Interface Abstract Window Toolkit The Standard Widget Toolkit Java Platform Micro Edition Software Development Kit Structured Query Language Application Programming Interface Identifier ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This research project would not have been possible without the support of many people I wish to express my gratitude to my adviser Prof Dr Joseph Lewis who offered me invaluable assistance guidance and support My deepest gratitude to Prof Dr Kris Stewart and Prof Dr Caroline A Macera without whose support and assistance this study would not have been successful Thanks to my parents for their moral support Special thanks to my friends Siddartha Reddy Jyothi Harish and Kishore Reddy for providing invaluable assistance and advice CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION In the recent times we have noticed how the mobile technology has shown immense growth It has made its way into every aspect of our lives We have seen laptops and personal organizers evolve into all in one smart phones cloud computing and virtual private networks allowing accessing any information you want wherever you are Landline phones are beginning to slip into memory and mobile communications and technology are on the rise expanding and growing
6. any of the application s code It names the Java package for the application It describes the 19 components of the application the activities services broadcast receivers and content providers that the application is composed of It names the classes that implement each of the components and publishes their capabilities for example which Intent messages they can handle These declarations let the Android system know what the components are and under what conditions they can be launched It determines which processes will host application components It declares which permissions the application must have in order to access protected parts of the API and interact with other applications It also declares the permissions that others are required to have in order to interact with the application s components 4 2 APPLICATION MODULES The Android application GeoA ware has five main modules List Map Category Items and Geotag These modules are developed using many developer defined Activities and java classes Each of the modules in this application is created as Activity and has specific function to perform The Figure 4 2 1s created to illustrate the modules of this application and will be explained in detail in this chapter CategoryList Figure 4 2 Implementation modules GeoAware is the first Activity to load when the application starts It extends the Tab Activity to load the two tabs Category List and Map see Fi
7. applications e Check the option for Unknown Sources Now the application will be installed on to the device 5 4 USING GEOAWARE ON AN ANDROID DEVICE GeoAware is developed to give a fun interactive experience to the end user This session will describe how an end user can use the application on the Android device Adding categories of to do items A first time user needs to select the Add Category button to kick off the application and enter the first record in the database see Figure 5 2 Initially the database in empty and shows no categories Once the button is clicked an alert box pops up prompting the user to type in a category name The user can also wish to cancel if desired Once the user saves the category it gets displayed on the category list with the date and time it 1s created The user can also see that the category is shown as Not Tagged see Figure 5 3 AT amp T O Y gs La 1 52 List Add Category Figure 5 2 Step 1 first category to be added AT amp T O Y 3G EZ 10 26 Add Category 2011 May 16 22 25 14 clothes Not Tagged 2011 May 16 22 25 25 Figure 5 3 Step 2 category list 30 3 Adding items to the category To add items to the category the user must click on the category name The application then prompts the user with an alert box to View Cancel or Delete see Figure 5 4 Once the user chooses to View the application loads to a different activity for the
8. external library This is to also ensure that the Android system checks the required library is available to install the application on the device To use the Maps in the application another step is required MapActivity class had to be extended and a layout had to be created that included a MapView element MapActivity 1s a special sub class of Activity which has important map capabilities Map View properties are need to be set To enable zoom controls in the map setBuiltinZoomControls 1s set to true MapView class provides a wrapper around the Google Maps API to manipulate the Google Maps data through class methods To create map markers and lay overs temizedOverlay class had to be implemented All the locations that need to be tagged are added to Overlayltem ArrayList The populate 26 method is called each time a new Overlayltem is added to the list which reads each of the objects in the list and prepare them to be drawn To handle the touch events onTap method is called This method obtains the latitude and longitude of the point This method uses the member android content Context to create a new AlertDialog Builder and uses the tapped Overlayltem s title and snippet for the dialog s title and message text GeoAware shows the Map View with the current position of the user with a moving dot along with all the category tagged locations on the map Once the user starts to move the dot also keeps on updating the current
9. historic event to life Simulation games can change behavior based on the choices that users make to move through a space Location information can be mashed up with systems such as Google Earth to create new applications relatively rapidly and inexpensively 2 3 CHALLENGES IN MOBILE APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT Making mass market mobile LBS apps that work effectively and universally meaning independent of mobile operator or country or handset manufacturers 1s challenging There are there key challenges that one needs to take into account when it comes to fostering adoption of their LBS applications Cost of access handset manufacturers and operators and user experience More often than not mobile application developers and start ups in the field decide to go after a specific niche or segment which may be platform related say developing exclusively for the Android or geographic limiting activity to North America for example Indeed one of the key challenges still facing developers of mass market mobile applications is to overcome often prohibitively high charges for data usage and overcome the consumers fear of mobile phone bill shock for using applications which need expensive data usage While it 1s likely that flat rate or all you can eat mobile data tariffs will soon be the norm in developed markets the onus still remains on application developers to reduce data transfer in the case where the end user is being charged on a per kb
10. location when the user is in the proximity of a tagged location it throws up a proximity alert with a sound to alert the user The user can also enable the Traffic buttons provided to view the traffic while looking at the map to estimate the travel to a desired place This activity has a Location Listener which constantly captures the user s current position and compares it with the category tagged locations The Location Listener scans the radius of the current location which is set by some pre defined conditions If the user enters a proximity region of a tagged location the listener throws up a message using intent This message is captured by the BroadcastReceiver class which displays an alert to the user saying You are now near to xxx xxx being the location name This message pops up with a sound to alert the user If the map markers are clicked an alert box pops up showing the location name and the category which it is tagged to see Figure 4 10 AT amp T O Y 3G El 10 30 ralphs grocery Close window Figure 4 10 On clicking on the tagged location 21 28 CHAPTER 5 USER MANUAL 5 1 OVERVIEW This chapter educates the users and developers of the application by providing information on getting started and installation of the application on their mobile devices 5 2 SETTING UP THE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT A typical developer needs to set up an environment for android development The installation ste
11. pre defined locations stored in the database If found it prompts the user and the user can click on it to tag the location see Figure 4 8 Once selected the category gets tagged with the location along with the geo points and it will be displayed on the map AT amp T SY 3G ca 10 29 V qiwleritiy ujlijop a sid figihij k l zx cv bn m El m Figure 4 8 Location tagging 4 2 4 Map View Map View is opened through the click of another Tab Map View uses the location services supported by the device through the classes in android location package 12 The Maps package com google android maps Map View 12 a subclass of ViewGroup is used to display a map with data obtained from the Google Maps service Figure 4 9 shows the map view To use the Google maps data Maps service had to be registered and MDS fingerprint of the certificate which 1s required to sign the application had to be provided to obtain a 25 AT amp T 0 Y 3G mm 12 51 Traffic ON Traffic OFF O o 2 lt o 23 Ry O i 5 El 9 Google Figure 4 9 Map view Maps API key This key had to be inserted in the xml file of the Map View for the value of android apiKey to enable the Google maps 12 To use the Maps external library uses library element in the Android Manifest file is defined to com google android maps This thus enables the build tools to link the application against the Maps
12. to be able to do them In other words you can enter that you need to pick up groceries then when you re in the area of the grocery store your Android phone will notify you that it would be a good time to do that errand All of the errands are conveniently laid out on a map this allows the user to compare the current location and to the location of things which he she need to get As the user travels the scanning module scans within the radius of the current location to the possible true value of the locations tagged on the list and notifies the user once found The user can then decide to complete the errand or to do later Challenges included developing a user interface for a small screen power management and reliability vi TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE AB ERA C EE tesetomteiteusetomtemtommemituseiememmtomesittsemtememtomesittusel V ES TEP CILG Bir c a viii LTISTOBABBREVIA TON Sia tabe eui ctm conet hn i eaten Sabe uoto uen eot i iene IX ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS esere ies et ai HUE ERE X CHAPTER t INTRODUC HON EE I A AFERA EU RES iode A Ub M Un amr EUN 3 2 1 2 MIODIIC PIT ORIN e eei a ado deben inta lenis teo irte nie 3 2 2 RESCATA ARA MON ia 4 2 3 Challenges In Mobile Application Development esee 8 gt IDESTIGN SPEC MEIC ATION cercas aa enlacen 10 MES Iu 10 32 Android PIU OPE eis anaes ote bt Ud oes tudo ad ct 10 SESR Component AC CEU NETT T E 11 A cre 11 ORNA P
13. to tweak the OS and make it exclusive to them unlike other OSs Android is steadily climbing the wall of the smartphone OS in the market Since January Android s mobile ad consumption has increased almost 100046 thanks to the slew of new handsets coming out from every nook and corner As the months continue and more handsets are released along with the debut of Android tablets we can expect this market share to only increase see Figure 2 2 4 The Global Positioning System GPS has become an integral part of daily life for many individuals and businesses as well as for the government and military The GPS is actually a constellation of 27 Earth orbiting satellites 24 in operation and three extras in case one fails Each of these 3 000 to 4 000 pound solar powered satellites circles the globe at about 12 000 miles 19 300 km making two complete rotations every day The orbits are arranged so that at anytime anywhere on Earth there are at least four satellites visible in the sky 5 Worldwide Android Market Share Growth Q4 2008 044010 M Android Wics Figure 2 1 Android and iOS market share iOS data includes iPod Touch Source MILLENNIAL MEDIA Mobilemix The media device index Millennial Media http www millennialmedia com wp content images mobilemix MM MobileMix March2011 pdf accessed April 2011 2011 A GPS receiver s job 1s to locate four or more of these satellites figure out the distance to each and us
14. 7ag button see Figure 4 6 ItemList gets the ID from the intent which captures the category being clicked and loads the set of items in the category using the getltemList and showltemList ItemList implements a listener setOnClickListener This listener is activated when the user clicks on the Add button and Tag button Upon clicking the Add button the onClickListener calls the onClick method This method opens up an alert dialog which asks for the user input to add the item for that category see Figure 4 7 Once the user inserts the item and presses Save it gets stored into the database under that category ID The onClickListener 1s also set on the Tag button and when the user clicks on the button it calls the on Click method which directs to a new Activity called LocationTag 23 AT amp T O Y 3G ca 10 28 grocery Figure 4 6 ItemList view AT amp T SY 3G Ea 10 27 Add Items Figure 4 7 Adding items to the category 24 4 2 3 Location Tag LocationTag 1s the most interesting activity of the application It is here where the user can type in the location he she desires to tag the category to and the application saves it to the category name The application also shows the recent tagged locations to enable the user to select if desired This Activity calls onTextChanged method while the user types in the edit box This method queries the string as the user begins to type and searches for any
15. ARRIS How GPS receivers work HowStuffWorks http electronics howstuffworks com gadgets travel gps htm accessed April 2011 2010 A DEGARAVILLA Location based services Why smartphone apps will pay off for advertisers carriers application providers Compete Pulse http blog compete com 2009 06 02 location based services applications carriers advertisers accessed April 2011 2009 T ZHU C WANG G JIA AND J HUANG eds Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Electronics and Information Engineering Kyoto 2010 IEEE K A Lr T SOHN AND W G GRISWOLD Evaluating Location Based Reminders UCSD Computer Science and Engineering San Diego 2005 ANDROID DEVELOPERS The android architecture Android Developers http developer android com accessed March 2011 2010 ANDROID DEVELOPERS The androidmanifest xml file Android Developers http developer android com guide topics manifest manifest intro html accessed June 2010 2010 ANDROID DEVELOPERS What is Android Android Developers http developer android com guide basics what is android html accessed May 2011 2010 ANDROID DEVELOPERS Android location package Android Developers http developer android com reference android location package summary html accessed August 2010 2010
16. Cate SOry MAME umi ade 22 Fieured 06 TtemL1SU VIe W oco codi md ode ass 23 Figure 4 7 2 Adding tems o the Cale POL Cu oe odore Fue ie tie Eee RED ed esr eun etn ado m UR eq 23 Poured o Location fae O A a ot eta c ML 24 Faeure d 9 TID VIG We SA AAA E Pos Figure 4 10 On clicking on the tagged location cccccooooonnnncnnnnnnnnonononnnncnnonononononnncnnnnnnonnnnos 21 Figure 5 1 Installation from unknown source essen nnne nennen eene eene 29 Fist 2 2 Step 1 tirst Catesory to De added uc otov e ice acter e REL hi tectis 30 FI SUC otep 2 6 dte BODY TISE AA esse qai sometent TE 30 Figure 5 4 Step 3 to view and add or cancel or delete the category 3l Pistine 23 2 Step 4 adding MeN S cause ama on dba ie no o fusi edens tan bees Seda eda et fusi O 92 Figure 5 6 Step 5 The list of items in a Category 000 ccseseseceececcecccancnsenstessecssecseowececsecs 32 Fieure 3 7 5tep O tac ime 10 4 TOCALHOD ente sade ei sii ES EL EU DC UAE 33 Figure 5 8 Step 7 viewing the places on the map cccoocoooocncnnnnnnnnnnononnnnnnnnnonononanncnnnnnnnnnnnnnos 34 Figure 5 9 Step 8 on clicking the tagged lOCat10ON ooooooocnnnnnncnnnonononncnnnnnnononnnnnncncnnnnnnnnnnnns 34 ier XOU ide AO es or n dose ie A A m nm N Q au FW NF O GPS NLP 1X LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS Global Positioning System Network Location Provider GNSS Global Navigation Satellite
17. GEOAWARE APPLICATION ON ANDROID A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of san Diego State University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Computer Science by Neha Sindavala Karnam Summer 2011 SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY The Undersigned Faculty Committee Approves the Thesis of Neha Sindavala Karnam GeoA ware Application on Android Joseph Lewis Chair Department of Computer Science io Kris Stewart Department of Computer Science Caroline A Macera Graduate School of Public Health Approval Date Copyright O 2011 by Neha Sindavala Karnam All Rights Reserved 111 DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my parents teachers and my best friends 1V ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS GeoA ware Application on Android by Neha Sindavala Karnam Master of Science in Computer Science San Diego State University 2011 The increasing availability of GPS enabled devices 1s changing the way people interact with the web and bringing a large number of GPS trajectories representing people locations GeoA ware is a location aware to do list application unlike typical calendar applications which reminds you when to do something GeoA ware also reminds you where to do it Unlike other alarms which issue time based alerts GeoA ware also issues location based alerts GeoA ware which lets you create to do lists on your Android phone and then have the phone tell you when you re going
18. When the user selects the balloon a small alert box pops up showing the name of the place and the tagged category see Figure 5 9 When the user is on the move the blue dot constantly updates the current position of the user and if the user is in a proximity regionof a tagged location a proximity alert message pops up with a sound The message shows the category and the location name and this alarms the user to complete the tagged task The user also has an option to check the traffic by clicking on Traffic ON button and when not required clicking on Traffic OFF button This 1s designed to help the users to estimate the current traffic situation and then commute to the tagged location Deleting the category If the user wishes to delete the task completed he she can go to the Category activity and select the category to be deleted choose the Delete option This deletes the category from the list and also from the database 34 AT amp T og Y gt 36 a CO 12 51 Traffic OFF Traffic ON w o 10 18810 uofue 9 Google Figure 5 8 Step 7 viewing the places on the map AT amp T DY 3G El 10 30 ORCE grocery Close window Figure 5 9 Step 8 on clicking the tagged location 35 CHAPTER 6 DISCUSSION 6 1 FUTURE ENHANCEMENTS This thesis project was developed as a beginer application for location aware to do list There 1s always more to add on and enhance this application to provide a better end user expe
19. agement 9 3 3 COMPONENT ARCHITECTURE The five built in components within the application namely activity user interface location manager map display and database interact with each other to seamlessly produce a highly interactive system see Figure 3 2 3 3 1 Activity An Activity represents the presentation layer of an Android application e g a screen which the user sees An Android application can have several activities and it can be switched between them during runtime of the application Almost all activities interact with the user so the Activity class takes care of creating a window in which the user interface UI can be placed with setContentView View There are two methods almost all subclasses of Activity will implement 12 Activity User Interface Location Manager Map Representation Figure 3 2 High level component design 1 onCreate Bundle is where the activity 1s initialized It is here where the setContentView int method is called with a layout resource defining the UI and using findViewByld int to retrieve the widgets 1n the UI that 1s needed to interact with programmatically 2 onPause is for dealing with the user leaving the current activity Most importantly any changes made by the user should at this point be committed usually to the ContentProvider holding the data To make use of Context startActivity all activity classes have a corresponding acti
20. ary of nested components The Android UI framework is organized around the common Model View Controller pattern 14 The Model The model represents data or data container It can be seen as a database of pictures on the device Say any user wants to hear an audio file he clicks play button and it triggers an event in the app now the app will get data from data store or database and as per input and creates data to be sent back to the user This data can be referred as Model The View The View is the portion of the application responsible for rendering the display sending audio to speakers generating tactile feedback and so on Now as per above example the view in a hypothetical audio player might contain a component that shows the album cover for the currently playing tune User will always interact with this layer User actions on this layer will trigger events that will go to the application functions The Controller The Controller is the portion of an application that responds to external actions a keystroke a screen tap an incoming call etc It is implemented as an event queue On User s action the control is passed over to controller and this will take care of all logic that needs to be done and prepare Model that need to be sent to view layer UI component objects such as buttons and text boxes actually implement both View and Controller methods 3 3 3 Location Manager The most enticing of the Android features are the
21. at the end user is able to find the application useful easy to use interactive and fun to use Different hardware show different functionality and thus a different experience The challenge is to support as many devices as possible and to maintain a rich user experience With some foresight and good planning the best user experience can be created 10 CHAPTER 3 DESIGN SPECIFICATION 3 1 OVERVIEW GeoAware is an application built using Android framework for mobile platform This application is inspired to build context aware location based services and follows a defined approach 7 8 The application is used to create a to do list and tag each of the list items to a location While on mobile the application continuously scans for the locations in the list and once inside proximity of any one of them or more it throws an alert to the user 3 2 ANDROID PLATFORM The Android platform is Google Inc s open and free software stack that includes an operating system middleware and also key applications for use on mobile devices including smartphones Android 1s an Open Handset Alliance Project Android was built from the eround up to enable developers to create compelling mobile applications that take full advantage of all a handset has to offer For example an application can call upon any of the phone s core functionality such as making calls sending text messages or using the camera allowing developers to create richer and more cohesiv
22. ation provider and status changes Besides all this appropriate permissions need to be added to the AndroidManifest xml file to notify the Android system 10 3 3 4 Map Representation Google provides in the package com google android maps 11 a library for using Google Maps in Android Google Maps is not a part of the standard Open Source Platform Android and requires an additional key to use them The class MapActivity extends the class Activity and makes the usage of maps simple MapActivity includes per default a MapView which displays a map with data obtained from the Google Maps service It also takes care of the network communication required for the map The class MapController can be used to interact with the MapView e g by moving it When the MapView has focus it will capture key presses and touch gestures to pan and zoom the map automatically including handling network requests for additional maps tiles It also provides all of the UI elements necessary for users to control the map To use Google Maps in the application a Maps API key had to be obtained to register with the service and Android system had to be notified that the application wishes to implement the add on Google APIs which 1s external to the base APIs This was done by using the uses library element in the Android manifest file informing Android that the application used classes from the com google android maps package The com google android maps 11
23. category name can be clicked which loads an alert box giving options to View Cancel or Delete see Figure 4 5 If the user selects View the application loads the tems Activity If the user selects Cancel it loads back to the initial Activity and if the user dislikes the category he she can simply go ahead and Delete the category There are also two default methods that are always implemented getCategoryList and showCategoryList getCategoryList retrieves already existing categories and calls the showCategoryList to display it during the launch of the Activity getCategoryList also manages a Cursor to handle the records of the stored database A unique identifier ID 1s assigned to each category When a new category 1s selected an ID assigned to the trip is passed on to the Tab Activity and this ID holds active throughout the active state of the trip The methods getCategoryList and showCategoryList are used to retrieve the category names locations tagged and the date and time from the database storage and display it in the list view 22 AT amp T O Y 3G zh CO 10 26 View Delete Category grocery View Cancel Delete Figure 4 5 On clicking a category name 4 2 2 Item List ItemList 1s the activity which allows the users to add items to the category and delete them if they don t want it There is also an option where the category can be tagged to the desired location This can be done by clicking on
24. e A O UU I SM 13 509 9 BOCation Manager tarda 14 3 94 Map Representa OD eco esten eite aos ous eb oda eoru be dias 15 O 16 d IMPLEMENTA TIO NN corvina idas 18 IO A PRIME dt etanol itin elemental ues 18 DAS LORA OQUIC State rennin altos 19 d MAN SONY EI aceto Neues ace EAM val astute cC eames 20 2 2 2e D lo os scree whan eet etu en eee ee 22 a NUS AROS ATO Ie UA oc 24 2 2 b MID VOW arere A E O O 24 2 USER MANUA Dorea he Pere ser nt Bere IE EPIDEMIC 28 DL LO ad P LE CES 28 5 2 Setting up the Development Environment sese 28 2 9 stalling Applicatt n on DEVICE ruo apex ca 28 5 4 Using GeoA ware on an Android Device oooonnncnnnncncnononocnnnnnnnnnnnnnnanonannnnnnos 20 O DISCUSSION cT 35 6 1 F t re Enhancements e Hit utc ia 35 ADAE IO E masia E E E PETS 35 REFERENCE Senon E E N O N 37 viii LIST OF FIGURES PAGE Figure 2 1 Android and iOS market share iOS data includes iPod Touch 5 Figure 2 2 Smartphone OS Morelia ind 6 Pure 23 BS USAC SL Its e Soo iet suena ias 6 bioure ls ANG v Old rare ite COC oos o Qe Ub OSEE ia 11 Fiure 3 2 High level component di a ono rea ient E 12 Figure 4 1 The workflow diagram showing the java classes esses 18 Pisure 4 2 Implementation modules AI 19 Feiret os GEG A Ware ACUNVI Vestits ats te suo RUE alcista cascs 20 Piette 2 4 C ate SOEVIASU VIO Wes lid a QAD Ud eis 21 Figure 2 5 On chekimns a
25. e experiences for users Figure 3 1 is inspired from the original architecture 9 Android is built on the open Linux Kernel Furthermore it utilizes a custom virtual machine that was designed to optimize memory and hardware resources in a mobile environment Android is open source it can be liberally extended to incorporate new cutting edge technologies as they emerge The platform will continue to evolve as the developer community works together to build innovative mobile applications Every Android application runs in its own process with its own instance of the Dalvik virtual machine Dalvik has been written so that a device can run multiple VMs efficiently The Dalvik virtual machine VM executes files in the Dalvik Executable dex format which is optimized for minimal memory footprint The VM is register based and runs 11 Applications Contacts Phone Browser Application Framework Activity Manager Window Manager Content Provider more Package Manager Location Manager Notification Manager Libraries Android Runtime ee Core Libraries SQLite Media Framework and others Dalvik Virtual Machine Linux Kernel Various Drivers and Power Management Figure 3 1 Android architecture classes compiled by a Java language compiler that have been transformed into the dex format by the included dx tool The Dalvik VM relies on the Linux kernel for underlying functionality such as threading and low level memory man
26. e this information to deduce its own location This operation 1s based on a simple mathematical principle called trilateration In the recent past the wireless world has been buzzing about LBS applications made primarily for wireless devices that use GPS Wi Fi or cellular radio signals or a combination of all three that enable consumers to get information and advertisers to reach them based on their location Overall 1 in 3 smartphone owners currently uses a Location Based Service at least once a month An additional 20 of smartphone users said that they would be interested in using LBS if they knew more about what was available and how to use them 6 Figure 2 3 6 shows some specific types of LBS applications consumers are using now shown in the dark blue bars or would use if they had more information light blue bars Smartphone O5 Mix 1 196 1 E Android m iOS Bi FIM Other E Symbian B Windows Figure 2 2 Smartphone OS in market Source MILLENNIAL MEDIA Mobilemix The media device index Millennial Media http www millennialmedia com wp content images mobilemix MM MobileMix March2011 pdf accessed April 2011 2011 Location Based Service Usage Type 20 MNawiga on tle Get movie Local news Reviews for Find he Local alerts Find fnends show Ses nearby nearest trafic jam restaurants ATM gas sale eic a Would use this loca on based service if knew about tor knew how to acce
27. ensors combined with the widespread availability of highly sophisticated portable devices particularly smartphones has resulted 1n the increased impact of location aware systems in recent years Most commonly a location aware system will determine its location through one of the following methods ordered from least precise to most precise e Mobile phone triangulation determines its location by estimating its distance from multiple cell towers using the strength of each signal e Wi Fi triangulation uses the same principle as mobile phone triangulation but estimates the distance from Wi Fi access points e GPS determines a location based on signals from multiple satellites e Radio Frequency Identification RFID uses the signal from one or more RFIDs Other location aware devices have been based on TV signals Bluetooth infrared light vision ultra wideband radio and ultrasonic signals Once a location aware device determines its location it can then take action or update content based on that information A range of applications from friend finders to surveillance systems can track the location of individuals with location aware devices and report them This does however raise important privacy issues Smart guide systems can give the user information as he she passes through an environment such as a museum or a college campus Rich media systems can offer sounds sites and data associated with specific locations to bring a
28. gure 4 3 20 AT amp T O Y gs La 1 52 List Add Category Figure 4 3 GeoA ware activity 4 2 1 Category List CategoryList 1s the host tab which gets loaded when GeoAware 1s started It has a button named AddCategory which upon clicked lets the user to type a category name Once the category name is inserted the view loads back to the CategoryList and the user can view the category created The CategoryList displays all the categories saved by the user in the order of time it 1s created It displays the category name location name which it 1s tagged to else displaying Not Tagged and the date and time which it is created see Figure 4 4 All the categories can be viewed and deleted from this Activity only CategoryList implements two listeners 1 setOnClickListener This listener 1s activated when the user clicks on the AddCategory It opens up an alert box to create a new category This also opens a new entry for the new category in the database using the method add Category 2 setOnltemClickListener This listener 1s activated when the user clicks on any of the category name from the list and then calls the method onltemClick This method opens an alert box to show options View Cancel and Delete 21 AT amp T OY 3G Ea 10 26 Add Category 2011 May 16 22 25 14 clothes Not Tagged 2011 May 16 22 25 25 Figure 4 4 CategoryList view To add the list items to the category the
29. h is a descendant of the View class View objects are the basic units of user interface expression on the Android platform The View class serves as the base for subclasses called widgets which offer fully implemented UI objects like text fields and buttons The ViewGroup class serves as the base for subclasses called layouts which offer different kinds of layout architecture like linear tabular and relative A View object 1s a data structure whose properties store the layout parameters and content for a specific rectangular area of the screen A View object handles its own measurement layout drawing focus change scrolling and key gesture interactions for the rectangular area of the screen in which it resides As an object in the user interface a View 1s also a point of interaction for the user and the receiver of the interaction events The Android UI toolkit offers several layout managers that are easy to use to implement a user interface This application employs Linear Layout Frame Layout and Relative Layout Linear Layout wraps the TextView EditText ListView and Buttons MapView exploits Frame Layout and Relative Layout is used in Map View Activity for displaying the various locations in the map The Android environment adds yet another Graphical User Interface GUI toolkit to the Java ecosphere joining AWT Swing SWT and J2ME leaving aside the web UI toolkits Android GUI 1s single threaded event driven and built on a libr
30. oid databases are stored in the data data lt package_name gt databases folder on the device In this application relational database is used to create three tables for storing the various categories of items the list of items in each category and the tagged locations 18 CHAPTER 4 IMPLEMENTATION 4 1 OVERVIEW GeoAware is a to list application with location tagging The user can create categories of to list items and tag each of the categories to a place of interest While on the move if the user enters a proximity region the application throws an alert displaying the location The application stores all the categories their respective list of items and the tagged locations in the SQLite database supported by Android Figure 4 1 illustrates the various java classes implemented in this application seo Aw are Database Item Last MyltemizedOWwerl ay Proximity Alert Location Tag Figure 4 1 The workflow diagram showing the java classes These class files are the soul of the entire application Each class file has a specific purpose in creating calling the Activities of the application Besides these there is AndroidManifest xml 10 which is present in the application s root directory and is mandatory for every application The manifest presents essential information about the application to the Android system information the system must have before it can run
31. ovide well defined interface for sharing private data Shared preferences store data in terms of key value pairs and can be accessed by application components working in the same context Data can also be stored on local files directly using standard Java I O classes and methods These methods only support files in the current application folder specifying path separators will cause an exception to be thrown Android also provides full support to SQLite databases All databases that are created in the application are accessible by name to any class in the application but none outside This is implemented by creating a sub class to SQLiteOpenHelper and overriding the onCreate method to execute the SQLite command to create the tables in the databases The methods getWritableDatabase 11 and getReadableDatabase 11 are called for write to and read from the database which return SQLiteDatabase 11 object The Android SDK includes a sqlite3 database tool which is required to browse the table contents run SQL commands and perform other SQL functions Objects that are used to insert new rows in the database are called contentValues 11 Each contentValue represent a new row Cursor is an object which is used for extracting over query results It acts as a pointer to the result set from a database query Cursor provides several functions navigate 17 through your query results like moveToFirst moveToNext getCount getColumnName etc All Andr
32. ps given below assume that the developer is aware of setting up the development environment for the android development which is given in android developer site This application can be developed on any platform which runs Java android The installation steps for the development e Install Java JDK and JRE e Install Eclipse IDE e Install Android SDK e Install ADT plug in in Eclipse for Android Development Once the setup of the machine is done the next step is to download the source code and make changes on to it e Copy the zip files of the source code to your machine e Unzip the file to your workspace e Import the project into the Eclipse 5 3 INSTALLING APPLICATION ON DEVICE The first step is to get the apk files from the Unknown Source or the other way is to download from the Android Market Installation from Android Market is direct and simple If it has to be downloaded from other source except Android Market then the phone settings should be changed Figure 5 1 shows the installation from unknown source 20 OUO S SOUS OEP TTT OOOO IE Unknown sources Allow install of non Market applications Manage applications Manage and remove installed applications Development Set options for application development Figure 5 1 Installation from unknown source For the manual installation the following instructions should be followed e Check if you are in HOME screen e Click on Menu button e Select Settings e Click on
33. rapidly all over the globe With the introduction of intelligent and smart phones the handset industry has changed from low budget handset devices to high performance mobile devices Today s phone 1s almost everything it 1s fashionable innovative appealing high performing durable stylish and multi tasking It can serve many purposes such as email blogging browsing internet games multimedia access to social networking sites like YouTube Google search Facebook and more The worldwide demand for smartphones has also fueled the business market 1 Smartphones show higher application usage than feature phones even at the basic built in application level The percentage of people who use their phone for only voice communications has been dropping with more people interested in smart phone and what more it offers The use of the built in camera video capability and Wi Fi features also add to the popularity of the smart phones Mobile phone applications so called apps have experienced dramatic growth globally with people today looking for more information on the move This 1s one area of mobile phone technology enhancement that allows developers and programmers to offer users just what they seek under their preferred area of interest Google s Android 1s one of the latest and unique innovations which instantly has taken over the mobile market It is an open source mobile platform which allows developers from around the world to develop applica
34. red a base unit that had to be transported along with the phone Good reception was a major problem and in general early mobile phones could only be used in certain locations were the signal was particularly strong As mobile phone technology advanced the difficult in using them became less of a problem Today mobile phone reception has improved greatly due to the use of satellites and wireless services As mobile phones evolved and became simple to use the importance of them increased accordingly It was only a matter of time before Google started to dominate the smart phone arena and they have their Android which is now among the popular smartphone operating system on the market The Android 1s a smart phone operating system created by Google The reason for the popularity of the Android is all of the apps available One of the great advantages of Android is its capacity to run several applications simultaneously Android gives users the freedom to listen to music receive notifications etc without keeping application open At the same times users can download their favorite apps from the Android market Global Positioning System popular and commonly known as GPS is a space based global navigation satellite system GNSS that provides location and time information in all weather anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites It is maintained by the United States government and 1s freely
35. rience It can be integrated with Google s Places or created a new one of a similar kind to constantly search for the places typed in by the user The application can also suggest the user for other locations The application can also be extended to provide an optimal path for running all errands which can help the user to complete all the tasks suggested b the application To provide more options to the proximity alert sounds user chosen sounds or ringtones can be integrated This would alert the user about the proximity of the location There can navigation alerts also embedded for the user to be prompted to get to the location This will help the user to get live navigation support The categories can be color coded to set preference and timeline which they have to be completed This would make an efficient to do application Items added to each category and category name should be made to edit and modify Moreover the list can be made to share among friends or family This can help in getting things done quicker 6 2 CONCLUSION The motivation of this thesis project is to build an Android based application for providing a simple location aware to do list By using Android SDK and Eclipse IDE as the development environment the application 1s built keeping in mind about the design standards and maintainability of the code GeoAware is developed to help users do their day to day errands The application helps to create to do list of action i
36. ss Figure 2 3 LBS usage statistics Source A DEGARAVILLA Location based services Why smartphone apps will pay off for advertisers carriers application providers Compete Pulse http blog compete com 2009 06 02 location based services applications carriers advertisers accessed April 2011 2009 LBS receives the location coordinates from the ground based mobile station and sends it to the mobile phone user and the communication center that can be used for various location based services Location Based Services in next coming years will offer a myriad of new functionalities that are difficult to conceive today It 1s anticipated that the next generation of mobile network infrastructure or 4G will have been pervasively rolled out in most developed countries allowing data transfer speeds over the air many times faster than those available today More powerful mobile handsets will bring PC standard processing power to the pocket that will allow devices to interact with their environment and their owner in brand new Ways Location aware computing refers to systems that can sense the current location of a user or device and change behavior based on this location The best known example 1s the GPS navigation device Since a GPS device knows its current location it can give directions to the GPS user for how to get to a new location and it can update these directions continuously as the device moves The reduction in price of location s
37. tems and tag them to a location so that when the user is on the move and enters a proximity region of the tagged location the application simply reminds the user the set of action items that has to be completed 36 This application being very user friendly and interactive would be very helpful for the users to do their simple routines keep a record of their action items and tag those to the locations where it has to be done GeoA ware is tested on many Android devices to check the functionality and UI of the application Motorola Bravo Motorola Flip Out Samsung Captivate is few of the devices which were used to run the application 1 2 5 4 5 6 7 5 9 10 11 12 37 REFERENCES N BILTON Smartphone market expected to soar in 2011 New York Times http bits blogs nytimes com 201 1 03 29 smartphone market expected to soar in 2011 accessed April 2011 2011 F CEJAS Obtaining user location Anroid 10 http www android10 org index php articleslocationmaps 209 obtaining user location accessed April 2011 2010 F KELLETT The best travel apps Telegraph http www telegraph co uk travel travelaccessories 8330846 The best travel apps html accessed March 2011 2011 MILLENNIAL MEDIA Mobilemix The media device index Millennial Media http www millennialmedia com wp content images mobilemix MM MobileMix March201 1 pdf accessed April 2011 2011 M BRAIN AND T H
38. tions for Android supported mobile devices Android supports to develop a location aware application utilizing Global Positioning System GPS and Android s Network Location Provider NLP to acquire the user location Although GPS is most accurate it only 2 works outdoors it quickly consumes battery power and doesn t return the location as quickly as users want 2 Android s Network Location Provider determines user location using cell tower and Wi Fi signals providing location information which works indoors and outdoors responds faster and uses less battery power To obtain the user location in the application both GPS and the Network Location Provider can be used or just one With the increasing focus on mobile applications and penetration of GPS based mobile phones the focus is on Location Based applications Location based apps are the hottest in the app market Ten billion apps have been downloaded in the past three years There are 17 000 location based apps on the market and 160 million app compatible devices are owned worldwide iPhones Androids BlackBerrys and tablet devices such as the 1Pad and Motorola Xoom 3 In this report I have explained my research which is based on development of a user friendly Android application called GeoA ware This 1s a location aware to do application designed to be able to create a to do list and prompt the user when and where to do it GeoAware is a location aware to do list application
39. transferred basis Even where data roaming charges are not an issue the cost to the consumer for accessing the application has to be set at the right level to encourage mass adoption When it comes to mobile handset manufacturers it is important to bear in mind that different manufacturers have differing constraints associated with them some offer more reliable GPS positioning than others so if an application 1s being built where this 1s key going for these specific manufacturers is essential Also various device models support different functionalities such as touch screen gravity censors camera flash etc Hardware performances also vary between devices Screen 9 resolution 1s crucially important in application development Ongoing trend is to have bigger screen resolutions for expanded multimedia support data presentation and browsing However device manufacturers tend to support multi range of resolutions to address the needs of different user segments Some of the practical concerns related to location based services are accuracy of location information visualization timeliness of the information and transparency of location information Privacy concerns must be a part of the design for location based services Users must be aware of when they can be uniquely identified who has access to their location data and how long this data may persist User experience is very essential for the success of the application It justifies th
40. user to add items to the list see Figure 5 5 AT amp T SY 3G EZ 10 26 View Delete Category grocery View Cancel Delete Figure 5 4 Step 3 to view and add or cancel or delete the category When the user clicks on the Add button a new alert pops up with a text box The user can type the item name in the text box and choose Ok to save it to the list or Close to cancel see Figure 5 6 Tagging the Category Once the user finishes adding all the items he she can tag the category of items to a desired location This can be done so by clicking the Tag button see Figure 5 7 The user can type in the desired location or choose what the application prompts from the previous tagged locations When the user selects a location the application brings back to the category list and the user can see that the location is placed under the category Viewing on the Map If the user selects the Map tab he she can visually note that all the places tagged are laid out on a map The tagged places are illustrated with a small balloon 32 AT amp T O Y 3G Ea 10 27 Add Items Figure 5 5 Step 4 adding items AT amp T O Y 3G Ea 10 28 grocery Add TAG Figure 5 6 Step 5 the list of items in a category 33 V qiwieirit yjlujlijlo p a sid f g hij ii ki I 7 B xicivib de Tt ES B Figure 5 7 Step 6 tagging to a location and the current location 1s shown as a blue dot see Figure 5 8
41. vity declaration in their package s AndroidManifest xml 10 The Activity class 1s an 1mportant part of an application s overall lifecycle and the way activities are launched and put together 1s a fundamental part of the platform s application model Activities in the system are managed as an activity stack When a new activity 1s started 1t 1s placed on the top of the stack and becomes the running activity the previous activity always remains below it in the stack and will not come to the foreground again until the new activity exits Intents are communication channel between activities in Android An Intent object is a bundle of information It contains information of interest to the component that receives the intent such as the action to be taken and the data to act on plus information of interest to the Android system such as the category of component that should handle the intent and 13 instructions on how to launch a target activity Thus Intent 1s an abstract description of an operation to be performed It can be used with startActivity to launch an Activity BroadcastIntent 10 to send it to any interested BroadcastReceiver components and startService Intent or bindService Intent ServiceConnection int to communicate with a background service 3 3 2 User Interface In the Android Application the user interface 1s build using View and ViewGroup objects There are many types of views and view groups each of whic

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